the presentation

Food packaging and health:
science and policy update
Dr. Jane Muncke
Food Packaging Forum Foundation, Zurich
[email protected]
Food contact materials.
source: PIRA, in: Rexam 2012 consumer packaging report
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Plastics.
monomer
polymer
additives
NIAS (non-intentionally added substances): side products, impurities, break down products
plastics structure
image: http://clipart-finder.com/clipart/bubbling-cauldron.html
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Migration.
foodstuff
bottle
outside
heat higher temperature increases leaching time long storage time increases leaching
food chemistry fatty foods, acidic foods, aqueous foods: it depends on food stuff what
chemicals migrate from the packaging
packaging size smaller packaging has proportionally larger surface
area, more migration per volume of food
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Epidemiology & biomonitoring.
the facts
?
EPIDEMIOLOGY:
increase of
testicular
dysgenesis
syndrome
allergies
obesity
heart
disease
type 2
neurodiabetes developmental
cancer
diseases
ADHD?
Autism?
♂infertility
testis
breast
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index2.html
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
?
HUMAN
EXPOSURE:
to
bisphenol A
...
DBP
...
nonylpheno
phthalates
DEHP
DiOP
DiNP
PFOA
PFOS
http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport
The dose makes the poison.
Paracelsus’
birth place
1493
Effect
Dose
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Hormones. Endocrine Disrupters.
Vom Saal et al. 1997 PNAS
Takano et al. 2006 EHP
Vandenberg et al. 2012 “Hormones and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Low-Dose Effects and
Nonmonotonic Dose Responses” Endocrine Reviews 33(3):378-455
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs).
Mimic biological effects of natural hormones
„Xeno“ estrogens largest group: mimic estrogen’s effects
Emerging risk, reduce exposure
Most prominent exponent: Bisphenol A
Brussels: ongoing discussion about EDC definition
Documentary 2014 Endocrination
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ks5OSVDl00&noredirect=1
>119 suspected EDCs used in food contact materials
UNEP/WHO State of the Science on EDCs 2013
Endocrine Disruptors. Risk Management Options. The CRO Forum 2012
Geueke et al. (2014) Food contact substances and chemicals of concern: a
comparison of inventories. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Windows of susceptibility.
Alonso-Magdalena et al. 2015. Endocrinology.
Developmental Origins of Disease Hypothesis (DOHAD)
Glassman
Europe | 6 May 2015
from Jerry Heindel, NIEHS;
adapted
Whats new.
• BPA: new window of susceptibility pregnancy (for the
mothers)
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/bpa-exposure-in-pregnancy-affected-mothers-glucose-metabolism
• Ongoing BPA study in US—disagreements between
involved federal labs, independent scientists
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/opinion-fda-concludes-prematurely-on-bpas-safety
• Wall Street Journal: further BPA research is “waste of
taxpayer’s money”
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/opinion-bpa-scare-looks-like-a-false-alarm
• French ban on BPA starting 2015
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/france-pressured-to-reverse-
its-ban-on-bpa
• Brussels EDC meetings, conference 2015
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/meetings-on-impact-assessment-to-identify-edc-criteria
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Glass vs cans.
Blood pressure: compared in people >60 years
2 drinks, either in glass bottles or cans or one each
Significant difference in systolic blood
pressure: higher after drinking from can
BPA levels in canned beverage higher
BUT: no evidence that (only) BPA caused
increase NIAS?
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/news/bpa-linked-to-increased-blood-pressure
Bae, S., Hong, Y-C. (2014). “Exposure to Bisphenol A from drinking canned beverage increases blood pressure: randomized
crossover trial.” http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/12/08/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04261.abstract
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
8.22µg/L
BPA
0.31µg/L
BPA
Consumer choice can affect health.
September 2012 study ”Association Between Urinary Bisphenol A
Concentration and Obesity Prevalence in Children and Adolescents”
JAMA http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1360865
December 2011 study „Canned Soup Consumption and Urinary
Bisphenol A: A Randomized Crossover Trial” JAMA
http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/306/20/2218.2.short
March 2011 study „Food Packaging and Bisphenol A and Bis(2Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure: Findings from a Dietary Intervention“
EHP http://ehp03.niehs.nih.gov/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.1003170
March 2011 study „Most Plastic Products Release Estrogenic Chemicals:
A Health Problem That Can Be Solved” EHP
http://ehp03.niehs.nih.gov/article/fetchArticle.action?articleURI=info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.1003220
May 2009 study „Polycarbonate Bottle Use and Urinary Bisphenol A
Concentrations“ EHP http://ehp03.niehs.nih.gov/article/fetchArticle.action?articleURI=info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.0900604
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Conclusions.
Plastics are a complex mixture of chemicals that leach into
food at low levels; low dose ≠ no concern for hormone
active substances (endocrine disrupting chemicals)
Endocrine disrupting chemicals in food contact materials are
of concern for their long-term impact on health, especially
for fetuses, babies, children and pregnant women
Food contact materials are likely a significant source of
chemical contaminants in foods—consumers can make
choices to reduce their chemical exposure, prevent disease
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Facts about Food Packaging Forum.
• Foundation under Swiss law, established 2012
• Founded by Bucher Emhart Glass
• Recognized as charity, donations are tax deductible
• Supported by donations from Bucher Emhart Glass, Consol,
O-I, Vetropack
• Further funding from European Environmental Health
Initiative (Jennifer Altman/Oak Foundations)
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
2015, after just 2.5 years:
FPF is a trusted source and partner for
scientists, NGOs and regulators as well
as a source for science-based
information for the media.
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Run by a highly professional team.
• Managing Director:
Dr. Jane Muncke (PhD)
• Scientific Officer:
Dr. Birgit Geueke (PhD)
• Scientific Communication Officer: Dr. Eva Manová (PhD)
• Scientific Editor:
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Greta Stieger (MSc)
Our team has established a range of high
quality science-based informational
products that reach a growing scientific,
industry, regulatory and public audience.
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Public
workshops
Peerreviewed
publications
Media
outreach
Newsletter
web based
information
plattform
Sessions at
scientific
conferences
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Publications
and
presentations
New science
reports
Back-ground
dossiers
Examples media outreach.
2 March 2015
The Times, “What toxic packaging does to healthy food.”
http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/diet-fitness/article4367732.ece
24 March 2015
France 5 (French national TV), “Emballages: Le grand
déballage.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nd7Kf881CuM
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015
Thank you!
www.foodpackagingforum.org
 Free biweekly newsletter
http://www.foodpackagingforum.org/newsletter
 Free background dossiers (Bisphenol S, Bioplastics etc.)
 Workshop 8 October 2015, Zurich: “Food packaging and
chemical safety: what does the future hold?”
[email protected]
Glassman Europe | 6 May 2015