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Chung-Yao Fellowship 2016
interview
Hiroki KUSANO
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
May 8, 2016
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Resume 1
Personal data
Name: Hiroki Kusano
Date of birth: Nov 15, 1984
E-mail: [email protected]
Nationality: Japan
Education
Oct 2012: PhD in Pure & Applied Physics (Waseda Univ., Japan)
Doctor thesis: Studies on electron transport processes in high-density gaseous xenon:
Dependence of electron drift and diffusion on gaseous density
Advisor: Prof. N. Hasebe
Mar 2009: Master of Science (Waseda Univ., Japan)
Master thesis: Characterization of electron avalanche in high-density gaseous xenon
Mar 2007: Bachelor of Science (Waseda Univ., Japan)
Job history
Apr 2016 – present:
Postdoctoral fellow, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., China
Apr 2013 – Mar 2016: Junior researcher, Waseda Univ., Japan
Apr 2009 – Mar 2011: Research associate, Waseda Univ., Japan
Resume 2
Research interest
Experimental physics in radiation detectors and radiation measurements,
and its application to fundamental physics and space missions
R&D of high-pressure xenon detector
• High-pressure xenon time projection chamber
• Fundamental characteristics of high-pressure, liquid, and solid xenon such as
ionization, scintillation, and electron transport
R&D of nuclear spectrometer for planetary exploration
• Active X-ray spectrometer
• Study on pyroelectric X-ray generator
• γ-ray and neutron spectrometer
Publication
Refereed journal: 6 (4 articles as the first author)
Refereed proceeding: 7 (5 articles as the first author)
Presentation in international conference: 61 (9 presentations as the first author)
Presentation in domestic conference: 37 (15 presentations as the first author)
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Previous work and achievements 1
 Development of a high-pressure xenon time projection chamber
High pressure xenon time projection chamber
Prototype HPXe-TPC
3D trajectory of charged particles can be
obtained from timing, energetic, and positional
information on charge and light signals
Application
• MeV γ-ray imager
• 0νββ search
Fundamental characteristics of gaseous
xenon as radiation detection medium
Reconstructed 2D images
of α particles (8 samples)
•
M. Mimura, H. Kusano et al., Int. Workshop
Adv. Cosmic Ray Sci. (2008)
Scintillation & ionization yield by α-particles
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 Scintillation and ionization yield was
measured in high-pressure xenon
under various gaseous density and
electric field
 The results indicate the change of
energy dissipation process of α
particles in high-pressure xenon
Ws-value for zero electric
field
Correlation of electrons
and photons
•
•
Average energy expended per
photon or electron-ion pair
T. Ishikawa, H. Kusano, et al., KEK Proc. 2010-10 (2010) 204.
H. Kusano et al., NIM A 683 (2012) 40.
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Electron transport parameters
 Electron mobility and longitudinal diffusion
coefficient were measured under various
gaseous density and electric field
 The results indicate the density-dependent
variation of the effective momentum-transfer
cross section for electron-atom scattering
Mobility
Longitudinal diffusion coefficient
•
•
•
H. Kusano et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 51 (2012) 048001.
H. Kusano et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 51 (2012) 116301.
H. Kusano et al., JINST 8 (2013) C01028.
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Previous work and achievements 2
 Development of nuclear spectrometers for planetary exploration
The elemental composition on planetary surface is essential to the study on
the origin and evolution of planet
Global exploration
Remote sensing: γ-ray & neutron spectrometry
•
Characteristic γ-rays from natural radioactive isotope
and induced by galactic cosmic rays
Local exploration
Cosmic ray (p, a, …)
Thermal &
Fast
epithermal
neutron
neutrons
Landing exploration: X-ray
spectrometry
•
Gamma ray
Characteristic X-rays induced by
active excitation source
Thin or no atmosphere
Fluorescent X-ray
Inelastic
collision
Moderation
Nuclear interaction
Fast neutrons
Neutron
capture
Atomic
excitation
Active
excitation
Natural radioactivity
K, Th, U
Planetary surface
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X-ray, γ-ray and neutron spectrometers
 Proposal of an active X-ray spectrometer and γ-ray & neutron spectrometer
Active X-ray spectrometer onboard
the rover of lunar landing mission
γ-ray & neutron spectrometer
for Martian moon probe
Li-glass scintillator GS20:
φ100 mm x 4 mm thick
Boron-loaded plastic scintillator
BC454 or EJ254 (5% B):
φ100 mm x φ51 mm x 76 mm thick
Electronics box
6
Li(n,α)
Thermal
Nadir
10
B(n,α)
Bleeder
circuit
PMT (2" f)
Epithermal
Fast
Electronics box
Plastic
scintillator
SiPM (3 x 3 mm2)
Observable light signal
Gd film (0.25 mm thick)
Unobservable light signal
Preliminary design
• Design & development of X-ray, γ-ray and neutron spectrometers
• Active X-ray spectrometer
• Development of a new X-ray generator with high X-ray intensity
• Experimental study of pyroelectric X-ray generator
• Basic study on X-ray fluorescence analysis of rock and soil samples
• Effect of sample surface roughness, angle of X-rays, etc.
Satellite
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Study on pyroelectric X-ray generator
 X-ray yield from pyroelectric X-ray generator
was measured under various conditions in
crystal size, inner gas pressure, geometric
configuration, etc.
 More than 107 cps of time-averaged X-ray
emission rate was achieved, which is about 60
times higher than the commercial one
Time profile and energy spectra
Pressure dependence
•
•
Repetition of thermal cycles
H. Nagaoka, H. Kusano, et al., Adv. Chem. Anal., Japan 46 (2015) 347.
H. Kusano et al., Proc. SPIE 9213 (2014) 921316.
Summary of previous work and achievements
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• R&D of high-pressure xenon detector
– Measurements of several fundamental parameters in high-pressure xenon,
and some of the results were obtained for the first time
– The results will provide the necessary data for designing and operating
novel high-pressure xenon detectors
• R&D of nuclear spectrometer for planetary exploration
– Design of prototypes of X-ray, γ-ray and neutron spectrometers
– Study and improvement of pyroelectric X-ray generator for active X-ray
generator
• Skills
– Hardware: Design, setup, and operation of detectors (gas, semiconductor,
scintillator), vacuum and gas system, related devices (PMT, APD, etc.), and
electronics
– Software: Windows/Linux OS, C/C++ language, ROOT, Garfield++,
PENELOPE
Working plan
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• I will join the PandaX-III experiment to search the 0νββ of 136Xe
– Are neutrinos Dirac or Majorana particles?
– What is the mass of neutrinos?
• In the PandaX-III experiment, a large-scale time projection chamber using
high-pressure xenon, with a pressure of 10-15 atm, is planned to be
constructed
– Superior energy resolution
– Capability of background rejection by obtaining the topological
information of electrons
• The main topic of my study is the design and development of the highpressure xenon time projection chamber and related systems (Micromegas
readout, gas system, etc.)
– The results will contribute to the development of a large-scale highpressure detector in Jinping underground laboratory, which is planned to
be started in 2017
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Thank you!