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ABSTRACT BOOK
Regional Symposium
On Health Research and Development
Towards Universal Health
Coverage and Equity
Yogyakarta-Indonesia
October 9-12, 2012
2 | Regional Symposium on Health Research and Development
ABSTRACT BOOK
Contents
Oral Presentation
1. FACTOR INFLUENCE MIDWIVES REFERING PREGNANT WOMEN TO UNDERGO VCT CLINICS :
STIGMA IS AROUND US ................................................................................................................... 12
2. DIARRHEA OUTBREAK IN KAIMANA DISTRICT, WEST PAPUA PROVINCE :A WATER RESOURCES
EXAMINATION ................................................................................................................................. 12
3. MODEL PREDIKSI INDEKS MASSA TUBUH REMAJA BERDASARKAN RIWAYAT LAHIR DAN STATUS
GIZI ANAK(STUDI LONGITUDINAL IFLS 1993-2007) ........................................................................... 13
4.
LEVEL OF RADIATION EXPOSURE IN SEVERAL HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA .................................. 15
5. TRANSLATING RESEARCH TO POLICY: A CASE STUDY OF NOT FOR PROFIT HOSPITALS IN
INDONESIA ...................................................................................................................................... 15
6. CLEAN WATER AND TOILET AVAILABILITY SUPPORTED MULTIPLE GOALS AND TARGETS OF
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSâ€™. A CASE REPORT ON EAST LOMBOK ELEMENTARY
SCHOOLS, INDONESIA...................................................................................................................... 16
7. RELATED FACTORS TO MIDWIFES COMPLIANCE IN PARTOGRAPH FULFILLMENT OF CHILDBIRTH
PROCESS AT PRACTICE MIDWIFE CLINIC IN EAST BEKASI AREA IN 2012 ............................................ 17
8. ETHNOSAINS COMMUNITY OF MALARIA IN OUTBREAK AREA: ROWOKELE SUBDISTRICT,
KEBUMEN REGENCY, JAWA TENGAH PROVINCE .............................................................................. 17
9. BIOECOLOGY STUDY ON ABOUT MALARIA VECTOR Anopheles spp IN ROWOKELE SUBDISTRICT,
KEBUMEN REGENCY, JAWA TENGAH PROVINCE .............................................................................. 18
10.
THE ABILITY OF RHIZOPUS OLIGOSPORUS MOULD TO SYNTHESIS THE VITAMIN B1, B2, B12
DAN FOLIC ACID ON THE PALM OIL WASTE SUBSTRAT IN THE SOLID FERMENTATION) .................... 18
11.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFESTYLE WITH THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN STABAT
DISTRICT LANGKAT REGENCY 2012 .................................................................................................. 19
12.
NEIGHBOURHOOD EFFECT IN PNEUMONIA IN INDONESIA CHILDREN UNDER-5: A MULTILEVEL
ANALYSIS......................................................................................................................................... 20
13.
MODEL OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM IN SURABAYA, 2012 ........................ 20
14.
THE USE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY AND STROKE REGISTRY FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF CARE
IN STROKE PATIENTS ....................................................................................................................... 21
15.
A DECADE OF INEQUALITY IN UNMET NEED FAMILY PLANNING IN INDONESIA (1997-2007). 22
16.
PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANT OF OBESITY AMONG ELDERLY IN JAKARTA ...................... 23
17.
ARTEMISININ PLUS NAPTHOQUINE VERSUS DIHYDROARTEMISININ PLUS PIPERAQUINE IN
ADULT SUBJECTS WITH PLASMODIUM VIVAX INFECTION IN INDONESIA .......................................... 23
18.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ARTESUNATE - AMODIAQUINE AND CHLOROQUINE IN
PLASMODIUM VIVAX MALARIA INFECTION, MAUMERE, EAST NUSA TENGGARA ............................. 24
Towards Universal Heal th Coverage and Equity | 3
19.
QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN SUMBERSARI SUB-DISTRICT JEMBER, 2012: QoL
Comparison Based On Their Sosio Demographic And Sosio Economic Characteristic. ....................... 25
20.
LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS EPIDEMIOLOGY IN KOTA BESI SUBDISTRICT, KOTAWARINGIN TIMUR
DISTRICT CENTRAL BORNEO PROVINCE ........................................................................................... 25
21.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEX, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND
NUTRITION INTAKES WITH PHYSICAL FITNESS STATUS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
KEBUMEN DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA 2011 ................................................... 26
22.
THE INDICATORS OF CHEMICALLY WATER POLLUTION MODELING (BOD) WITH
GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION ..................................................................................... 27
23.
SEA CUCUMBER CRACKERS, NUTRITIOUS SNACKS THAT ARE SAFE FOR CONSUMPTION AND
CAN COPE WITH CONSTIPATION...................................................................................................... 27
24.
NUTRITIOUS RICE, PROPERLY AND SAFELY CONSUMED PRESERVED IN MAGIC- COM FOR 24
HOURS 28
25.
TYPE OF TREATMENT OBSERVERS AND THEIR INFLUENCE IN TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT IN
MAJALENGKA DISTRICT, WEST JAVA PROVINCE ............................................................................... 29
26.
UNDERSTANDING INFANT MORTALITY IN JEMBER REGENCY ................................................ 30
27.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINE SANITATION RISK AREA IN
JEMBER DISTRICT IN SUPPORTING MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS ......................................... 30
28.
DETERMINANT OF STROKE DISEASE IN THE KEBON KALAPA COMMUNITY OF BOGOR(Baseline
on Cohort Study of Non Communicable Disesases Risk Factors, 2011) ............................................. 31
29.
COST OF MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM IN PRIMARY LEVEL: DEMONSTRATION OF COST STUDY
IN ACEH ........................................................................................................................................... 31
30.
INFLUENZA CASES FROM SURVEILLANCE ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION , 2011 ................ 32
31.
THE ASSOCIATION OF JAK2 V617F MUTATION AND CLINICAL SEVERITY OF PHILADELPHIA
CHROMOSOME-NEGATIVE MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS PATIENTS ...................................... 32
32.
LESS VEGETABLES AND NUTS-SEEDS-PEAS CONSUMPTION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH
LEVEL OF LIPID PEROXIDATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ........................................................ 33
33.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE KLINIS DAN DBD KONFIRMASI
SEROLOGI DI LIMA RSUD JAKARTA................................................................................................... 34
34.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN LAMA PERAWATAN PENDERITA HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS /
ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (HIV/AIDS) DEWASA DI RSPI SULIANTI SAROSO ......... 35
35.
CAUSE OF DEATH AND CHALLENGES FACED BY ELDERLY CAUSE OF DEATH AND CHALLENGES
FACED BY ELDERLY POPULATION IN INDONESIA ACCORDING TO 2007 BASELINE HEALTH RESEARCH
36
36.
POLA DIARE DAN TERAPINYA PADA BALITA DI RUMAH SAKIT ............................................... 36
37.
STREET LEVEL BUREAUCRAT DISCRETIONTHREAT OF IMPLEMENTING UNIVERSAL HEALTH
COVERAGE ...................................................................................................................................... 37
38.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AMONG CHILDREN 2-12 YEARSOLD IN INDONESIA (DEFISIENSI
VITAMNIN D PADA ANAK 2-12 TAHUN DI INDONESIA) ..................................................................... 38
ABSTRACT BOOK
39.
THE ENERGY INTAKE AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF PREGNANT WOMWEN:Longitudinal
study 38
40.
PROFILE OF MOTHERâ€™S HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS DURING PREGNANCY ON
STUNTED AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES ..................................................................................... 39
41.
SPATIAL PATTERN OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS SNAILS DISTRIBUTION USING REMOTE SENSING
DATA AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN LINDU SUB-DISTRICT , SIGI DISTRICT,
CENTRALSULAWESI PROVINCE, INDONESIA ..................................................................................... 39
42.
APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS ) MANAGEMENT WEARING
MASK AS PPE AND MELATONIN IN LOWERING LEVELS OF SOD, H2O2 AND TOTAL INFLAMATORY
CELLS AT LABORATORY RATS STRAIN WISTAR EXPOSED TO COAL DUST DAY OR NIGHT ................... 40
43.
INSIDENSI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KOTA KUPANG, PROPINSI NTT, 1998-2007
41
44.
INFEKSI TRANSOVARIAL VIRUS DENGUE PADA NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DAN AEDES
ALBOPICTUS DI KOTA KUPANG ........................................................................................................ 41
45.
POTENCY OF QUERCETIN-3-O-GLUCOSIDE (Q3G) DAN QUERCETIN-4â€™-O-GLUCOSIDE (Q4G)
ISOLATED FROM MIMBA LEAVES (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) TO THE GLUCOSE UPTAKE OF RAT
INTESTINAL MEMBRANE.................................................................................................................. 42
46.
CORRELATION OF KATG CATALYTIC ACTIVITY WITH ISONIAZID RESISTANCE TO A CLINICAL
ISOLATE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS ................................................................................ 42
47.
THE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF DRACONTOMELON dao EXTRACT ... 43
48.
EVALUATION OF PSYCHOLOGIST PLACEMENT TO PROVIDE INTEGRATIVE MENTAL HEALTH
SERVICE IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) IN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA, 2011...................................... 44
49.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF CARIES EXPERIENCE IN THE PROVINCE OF
BANGKA BELITUNG ISLAND, INDONESIA .......................................................................................... 44
50.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, AND
HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIOR TOWARDS YOUNG (10-24 YEARS OLD) POPULATIONâ€™S HEALTH
STATUS IN CENTRAL JAKARTA .......................................................................................................... 45
51.
CURE RATE OF TB TREATMENT USING DOTS STRATEGY IN HOSPITAL ................................... 45
52.
KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA, KONSUMSI DAN STATUS GIZI KELOMPOK RENTAN
(BALITA, WANITA, LANSIA) DI KABUPATEN PRIORITAS MASALAH KERAWANAN PANGAN DI
INDONESIA ...................................................................................................................................... 46
53.
ANALISIS POLA MAKAN (TERKAIT DENGAN HOMOSISTEIN) PADA REMAJA OBESITAS DI
INDONESIA ...................................................................................................................................... 46
54.
PEMETAAN DAN PEMODELAN BALITA GIZI BURUK DI JAWA TIMUR DENGAN PENDEKATAN
REGRESI SPASIAL ............................................................................................................................. 46
55.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN CACAT PADA ANAK USIA 24 - 59
BULAN 47
56.
PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE PATH MODELING (STUDI KASUS QUALITY ASSURANCE RUMAH SAKIT
PONEK BERDASARKAN DATA RIFASKES 2011) .................................................................................. 47
57.
THE CORRELATION OF MOTHER NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND OTHER FACTORS TO INFANT’S
BIRTH WEIGHT IN BUDI KEMULIAAN HOSPITAL JAKARTA IN JANUARY 2012 ..................................... 47
Poster Presentation
58.
FIRST DENGUE HEMORHAGIC FEVER OUTBREAK IN KAIMANA DISTRICT, WEST PAPUA
PROVINCE, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY INVESTIGATION .................................................... 48
59.
UJI MUTAGENIK EKSTRAK GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT
ANTIRETROVIRAL UNTUK HIV .......................................................................................................... 49
60.
THE RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION ON DIARRHEA INCIDENCE OF
DISEASE SOCIETY COASTALAREAS VILLAGE NAMBO ABELI DISTRICTS KENDARI CITY ........................ 49
61.
BASELINE DATA OF STUDY COHORT OF RISK FACTORS NCD OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)IN CENTRAL BOGOR CITY, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA ............................ 50
62.
PROMOSI KESEHATAN UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN: EFEKTIVITAS INTERVENSI PENYULUHAN DAN
BACAAN PADA IBU MENYUSUI ........................................................................................................ 50
63.
THE EFFECT OF STEAMED BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERASEA L VAR. ITALICA) COMPARED WITH
CAULIFLOWER (BRASSICA OLERASEA L VAR.BOTRYTIS) TO CLINICAL SIGN AND HISTOPHATOLOGY OF
COLON IN MICED INDUCED BY DSS .................................................................................................. 51
64.
PEMANFAATAN FASILITAS KESEHATAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN
DAERAH DI KOTA TARAKAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR .......................................................................... 52
65.
BERAT LAHIR DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP NEONATAL DI INDONESIA ANALISIS DATA SDKI
2007) 53
66.
ANALISIS KETAHANAN HIDUP SATU TAHUN PASIEN STROKE DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM
BANYUMAS TAHUN 2010 ................................................................................................................ 54
67.
RELATED FACTORS TO INCIDENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSISOF CHILD AGE 0-12 YEARS
OLD BY LESS NUTRIENT STATUS IN PUSKESMAS JEMBATAN SERONG AREA, PANCORAN MASSUBDISTRICT, DEPOK CITY, 2009 ............................................................................................................ 54
68.
BIO-ECOLOGY MALARIA VECTOR IN GALANG BATAM CITY, KEPULAUAN RIAU PROVINCE ..... 55
69.
IN VITRO AND IN OVO INHIBITION OF TYPE-A AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS BY XANTHONE
DERIVATES FROM GARCINIA MANGOSTANA LINN FRUIT RIND ........................................................ 55
70.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IRON INTAKE AND ANEMIA IN THIRD TRIMESTERS PREGNANCY AT
BUNGUS HEALTH CENTER,PADANG IN 2012. ................................................................................... 56
71.
PENGEMBANGAN JARINGAN PUSKESMAS DAN GAMBARAN KETENAGAAN PUSKESMAS KOTA
BEKASI 56
72.
RISK FACTORS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE INDONESIA . 58
73.
ASSOCIATED NUTRITION CONSUMPTION, LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE WITH PEPTIC
ULCER DESEASE EVENT ON TENAGERS IN SMAN 2 PADANG CITY 2011 ............................................ 58
74.
DETERMINANTS OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 2-5 YEARS IN
PUSKESMAS TLOGOSARI WETAN PEDURUNGAN SUB DISTRIC SEMARANG 2007 .............................. 59
ABSTRACT BOOK
75.
VALUE DENTAL CARIES (DMF-T) TO THE WEST IN THE DISTRICT IN 2010 KETAPANG
KALIMANTAN .................................................................................................................................. 59
76.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK REMAJA TERKAIT RISIKO PENULARAN HIV-AIDS DAN PERILAKU
SEKS TIDAK AMAN DI INDONESIA .................................................................................................... 60
77.
ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE BEHAVIOUR OF MIDWIVES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF EARLY
INITIATION IN SECANGGANG SUB DISTRICT OF LANGKAT DISTRICT YEAR 2012 ................................ 60
78.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF MATERNAL ANEMIA TOWARDS LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) ................. 61
79.
OBESITY STATUS AND NUTRIENT INTAKE BALINESE WOMEN AGED ABOVE 40 YEARS OLD IN
DISTRICT OF SOUTH DENPASAR BALI PROVINCE .............................................................................. 61
80.
AN IMPACT OF BODY IMAGE TO FEMALE STUDENT EATING BEHAVIOR AND NUTRITIONAL
STATUS AT SMUN 1 MEDAN CITY, NORTH SUMATRA ....................................................................... 62
81.
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES DECISION MAKING AT MEDAN
AMPLAS SUB-DISTRICT, MEDAN CITY ............................................................................................... 63
82.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF NON POLIO ENTEROVIRUSES (NPEV) FROM ACUTE FLACCID
PARALYSIS CASES IN WESTERN PART OF INDONESIA 2007-2010 ...................................................... 63
83.
CITY AND MUNICIPALITY AS DETERMINANT FACTORS OF AGING DISABILITY IN WEST JAVA
AND BANTEN INDONESIA ................................................................................................................ 64
84.
TRADISIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE IN KARET BIVAK CEMETERY FOR HEALING THE DISEASES
AFTERMATH THE FLOOD DISASTER IN URBAN COMMUNITY ............................................................ 65
85.
FAMILY DOCTOR,STRATEGIC AND OPERATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MANAGEMENT MODEL, A
REVOLUTION ON PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, IN INDONESIA ................................................................ 66
86.
THE POTENTIAL HOST OF FASCIOLOPSIS BUSKI IN KALUMPANG DALAM VILLAGE, BABIRIK
SUBDISTRICT, HULU SUNGAI UTARA REGENCY, PROVINCE OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN ....................... 67
87.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALARIA IN AN INLAND AREA OF KALIMANTAN (KEKAYAP VILLAGE,
SEBUKU DISTRICT, NUNUKAN REGENCY, PROVINCE OF EAST KALIMANTAN ..................................... 68
88.
FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN MALARIA DI KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU PROPINSI KALIMANTAN
SELATAN.......................................................................................................................................... 68
89.
UTILIZATION OF HEALTH FACILITIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCAL HEALTH INSURANCE
IN TARAKAN CITY, EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA .......................................................................... 69
90.
TANTANGAN PROGRAM PENURUNANANGKA KEMATIAN BAYI PADA DESA TERPENCIL(STUDI
KASUS DI DESA MANTAR KECAMATAN POTO TANO KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT) ...................... 70
91.
BASIC STUDY ON PATIENTSâ€™ PROFILE AND NEEDS ACCORDING TO HIVâˆ’AIDS PROGRAM
AND VCT CLINIC IN ENDE DISTRICT, EAST NUSA TENGGARA ............................................................. 70
92.
STRATEGY OF â€œSISTEM INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASIâ€• (SISFOKOM) UNIVERSAL
COVERAGE OF HEALTH SERVICES TO SUPPORT THE HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE CONCERNING EQUITY AND QUALITY ........... 71
93.
MATERNAL MORTALITY IN INDONESIA: FOLLOW UP STUDY OF PREGNANCY RELATED DEATH
OF THE INDONESIA 2010 CENSUS POPULATION ............................................................................... 72
94.
COMPILATION OF STUDIES FOOD CONSUMPTION, PHYSICAL EXERCISE, HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN INDONESIA ADOLESCENCE ............................................................... 73
95.
ROLE OF HEPARIN IN TISSUE FACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOR WAY TO INHIBIT TISSUE FACTOR
AND VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR OF MENINGIOMA TISSUE .................................... 74
96.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN PESERTA JAMKESMAS DENGAN PASIEN
PESERTA JAMINAN KESEHATAN ACEH (JKA) TERHADAP PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DIRUANG RAWAT
INAP RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN ANAK PEMERINTAH ACEH TAHUN 2011 ............................................. 74
97.
WHAT ARE THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DRINKING-WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION AND
UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE COVERAGE? RESULTS FROM THE INDONESIA BASIC HEALTH RESEARCH
2010 75
98.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI POTENSI ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR GATEP
(Inocarpus fagiferus (Parkinson) Fosb.) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR SPRAGUE DAWLEY ....... 76
99.
DETECTION OF NUCLEOPHOSMIN (NPM1) GENE MUTATIONS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH
IMMUNOPHENOTYPING AND CYTOGENETICS IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML) ....................... 77
100.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL, DENPASAR, BALI . 77
101. PERILAKU PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN SEKSUAL NARAPIDANA NARKOBADAN RISIKONYA
TERHADAP PENULARAN HIV/AIDSDI LAPAS KELAS IIA JEMBER(THE BIHAVIOUR OF DRUG INMATES IN
SEXUAL FULFILLMENT IN PENITENTIARY AND ITS RISK TOWARD HIV/AIDS INFECTION IN CLASS IIA
JEMBER) .......................................................................................................................................... 78
102. ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PANDEMIC H1N1PDM09 PATIENTS IN INDONESIA IN
2009 79
103.
PREVENTION MODEL OF MALARIA INCIDENCE IN AMBON ................................................... 79
104. DETERMINANTS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN RURAL JAVA. RESULT OF AN EXCLUSIVE
BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION ......................................................................................................... 80
105. GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS AND CULTURAL DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATIONS OF
INFANT MORTALITY IN MUNTIGUNUNG VILLAGE, KARANGASEM REGENCY ,BALI PROVINCE ........... 81
106. SOCIAL HEALTH FINANCING AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT ON MATERNAL DEATHS IN
INDONESIA: USING THE FOLLOW UP STUDY OF INDONESIA 2010 POPULATION CENSUS DATA ........ 82
107. CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR AMONG MATERNAL DEATH CASES IN INDONESIA: FOLLOW UP
STUDY OF PREGNANCY RELATED DEATH OF THE INDONESIA 2010 POPULATION CENSUS ................ 82
108. ANALISIS LANJUT RISET KESEHATAN DASAR 2010: PENGGUNAAN ARTEMISININ-BASED
COMBINATION THERAPY DI INDONESIA .......................................................................................... 83
109. ANALISIS LANJUT RISET KESEHATAN DASAR 2010:FAKTOR YANG BERPERAN TERHADAP
KEJADIAN MALARIA DI WILAYAH INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR .......................................................... 84
110.
THE EFFECT ON LIFE QUALITY OF ORAL CANCER PATIENTS AFTER THE ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
85
111. DOSIS TUNGGAL ARTEMISININ-NAFTOKUIN DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN DIHIDROARTEMISININPIPERAKUIN PADA SUBYEK DEWASA TERINFEKSI PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM TANPA KOMPLIKASI DI
INDONESIA ...................................................................................................................................... 85
ABSTRACT BOOK
112. EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION IN INDONESIA FOR 21 YEARS AND HEALTH CARE IMPLICATION
ACCORDING TO HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SURVEY, NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY, BASELINE HEALTH
RESEARCH (1986-2007) ................................................................................................................... 86
113.
PROFILAKSIS PRIMER TUBERKULOSIS PADA ANAK DI PUSKESMAS KOTA BEKASI................... 87
114.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI FROM SOUTH KALIMANTAN .... 88
115. CONFIRMATION OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM TREATMENT FAILURE CASES BY PCR
GENOTYPING ................................................................................................................................... 88
116. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF â€œHYPERTENSION QUARTETâ€• FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
STUDENT TO PREVENT HYPERTENSION CASES IN DISTRICT REMPOA, 2012" .................................... 89
117. PROFIL OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUSÂ€™S CONTAMINANT IN INFANT FORMULAS IN
INDONESIA IN 2011 ......................................................................................................................... 90
118. TUBERCULOSIS SUPPORT GROUP "AWASI" (ATASI PENYAKITNYA, WASPADA PENULARANNYA,
IKUTI PENGOBATANNYA): CONCRETE STEP TOWARDS INDONESIA FREE OF TUBERCULOSIS ............ 90
119. REVIEW OF CULTURE FOOD EVENTS TABOO ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE VILLAGE
OF SUNGAI ALAT SUB DISTRICT ASTAMBUL BANJAR 2011................................................................ 91
120. IMPROVING QUALITY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH AWARENESS THROUGH RECOVERY
PROGRAM FOR DRUG ADDICT ......................................................................................................... 91
121.
NILAI KESEPAKATAN MIKROSKOPIS MALARIA DI BEBERAPA RUMAH SAKIT DI JAYAPURA ..... 92
122.
COMPLETE BASIC IMMUNIZATION SERVICES IN INDONESIA ................................................. 93
123. KEBIASAAN IBU MENIMBANG BALITA DI POSYANDU DI PUSKESMAS SEPATAN, KABUPATEN
TANGERANG TAHUN 2008 ............................................................................................................... 94
124. THE EFFECT OF TEMPE EXTRACT ON BREAST CANCER CELLS APOPTOSIS AND PROLIFERATION
IN DMBA-INDUCED RATS STRAIN WISTAR........................................................................................ 96
125. IMPACT OF JAMINAN PERSALINAN POLICY TO JKBM PERSALINAN IN CITY OF DENPASAR(CASE
STUDY IN PUSKESMAS II DENPASAR BARAT, RSUD WANGAYAAND DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA
DENPASAR) ..................................................................................................................................... 97
126. EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN PURI RAHARJA HOSPITAL
APPROACH TO TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) 2012...................................................... 97
127. POSITIVE DEVIANCE IN FEEDING AND CARE HABITS OF TODDLER IN REMOTE AREAS
SIDOARJO DISTRICT ......................................................................................................................... 98
128. COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY (CPOE) APPLICATION SYSTEM ON CLINICAL
INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING OF PRESCRIBING IN GMC HEALTH CENTER, GADJAH
MADA UNIVERSITY, YOGYAKARTA ................................................................................................... 99
129. POTENTIAL OF TOBACCO PLANTS (NICOTIANA BENTHAMIANA) AS THE MEDIA DEVELOPMENT
OF ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES HIV/AIDS ............................... 100
130. IMPLEMENTATION of BIORISK MANAGEMENT in OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
DIVISION at CENTER FOR BIOMEDICAL AND BASIC TECHNOLOGY OF HEALTH (CBBTH) LABORATORIES
100
131.
SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERILL) AS A ANTI-CANCER SOLUTION IN INDONESIA ........... 101
132.
MATERNAL BEHAVIOR IN IMPLEMENTING THE BALANCED NUTRITION IN PADANG CITY .... 102
133. PARINGAN, THE â€œPSYCHOTIC KAMPONGâ€•â€¨A CONTROVERSIAL MENTAL HEALTH
ISSUE IN PONOROGO, EAST JAVA .................................................................................................. 102
134.
THE RELATIONSHIP MATERNAL HEIGHT WITH THE INCIDENCE OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT ..... 103
135.
DIFFERENCES MATERNAL WEIGHT DURING PREGNANCY IN LBW AND NO LBW CHILDREN . 104
136. POTENTIAL OF DRIED CASSAVA (MANIHOT UTILISSIMA) LEAVES AS CAROTENE SOURCE FOR
PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN ................................................................................................................. 104
137. CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY INFECTION
IN ADULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 105
138.
GENDER INEQUITY IN FAMILY PLANNING ........................................................................... 106
139. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS ) MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN ANTI TB
LUNG DISEASE GLOBAL FUND PROGRAM EVALUATION YEAR 2011 IN DISTRICT OF KOTABARU SOUTH KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA ................................................................................................ 107
140.
DETERMINANT OF BACK PAIN AMONG SEVERAL HOSPITALS PARAMEDICS IN JAKARTA ..... 107
141. THE EFFECT OF HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION ON COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR CHANGE
ABOUT BASIC HEALTH ISSUES/PROBLEMS: AN OVERVIEW OF A MEDICAL STUDENT PROGRAM
NAMED PENGALAMAN BELAJAR LAPANGAN IN CAWANG AREA, EAST JAKARTA ............................ 108
142.
PERILAKU BERISIKO REMAJA JALANAN KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2010 ............................... 108
143. PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PEDULI REMAJA DI KOTA
BANDUNG TAHUN 2010 ................................................................................................................ 109
144.
KEBIJAKAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN HAJI INDONESIA DI EMBARKASI ................................ 110
145. POLA PENYAKIT ISPA DAN DIARE BERDSARKAN POLA RUMAH SEHAT DI INDONESIA DALAM
KURUN WAKTU SEPULUH TAHUN TERAKHIR.................................................................................. 111
146. ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN OBAT ESENSIAL DI RUMAH SAKIT DAN PUSKESMAS MENURUT
REGIONALISASI BERDASARKAN SURAT KEPUTUSAN OBAT GENERIK NOMOR HK.03.01/MENKES/146/
I/2010 111
147. ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN STATISTIK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA DI
INDONESISA (ANALISIS LANJUT RISKESDAS 2007 DAN 2010) .......................................................... 112
148. ANALISIS MAPPING TOPOGRAFIS (KETERPENCILAN, KEPULAUAN, PERBATASAN) TENTANG
KETERSEDIAAN DAN KELAYAKAN FASILITAS FISIK PUSKESMAS BERDASAR DEMOGRAFI DAN
GEOGRAFIS DI INDONESIA ............................................................................................................. 112
149. ANALISIS DETERMINAN PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI JAWA TIMUR YANG BERPENGARUH
TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMSI OBAT TRADISIONAL ................................................................... 113
150. THE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF INTEGRATED ERADICATION OF NEGLECTED
TROPICAL DISEASE(COMPLETING THE MODEL FROM FINANCING SIDE) ......................................... 113
10 | R e g i o n a l S y m p o s i u m o n H e a l t h R e s e a r c h a n d D e v e l o p m e n t
ABSTRACT BOOK
T o w a r d s U n i v e r s a l H e a l t h C o v e r a g e a n d E q u i t y | 11
ORAL PRESENTATION
ID: 41
1. FACTOR INFLUENCE MIDWIVES
REFERING PREGNANT WOMEN TO
UNDERGO VCT CLINICS : STIGMA IS
AROUND US
Dinar Lubis, LPL Wulandari, Kadek Tresna
Adhi, Putu Suariani
Udayana University
Background Development of HIV/AIDS cases
in Bali and Indonesia shows an alarm
situation. There is an afraid the epidemic ia
slowly moving from concentrated to general
population. Based of the development cases
of HIV among pregnant women, it shows a
steady increase from 0.2% in 2009 and
increase into 0.5% in 2010. PMTCT program
has been establish since 5 years ago in Bali.
One of the program is to integrate ANC
services and HIV program in community
health centre and in midwives private clinics.
However, the number of pregnant women
refer to VCT clinics is far from the target of
the programs. The aims of this study is to
examine influence factors of midwives
referring pregnant women to undergo VCT
Clinics. Methods This was a qualitative, cross
sectional study employed focus group
discussion (FGD) as data collection method.
Participants were midwives who formerly
participated in PMTCT project run by Kerti
Praja Foundation and Denpasar Municipality
Health Department in Bali. A guideline
questions was used to assess barrier of
midwives referred pregnant women to VCT
clinics. Thematic analysis was used to do data
analysis. Result Finding revealed a number of
barrier factor for midwife in refer pregnant
women to VCT clinics. These factors are fear
of reluctant from pregnant women due to
strong stigma of HIV, time and working load of
midwives, distance between home and VCT
clinic, no transport from home to VCT clinics,
lack of husband support and no match
schedule between VCT clinics and pregnant
women who were working. Conclusion Fear of
reluctant from pregnant women indicated
that stigma of HIV is still appear both among
midwives and pregnant women and husband.
Working load and lack of time from midwife
should be consider if wanting to integrate VCT
and ANC services in one stop health services.
ID: 44
2. DIARRHEA OUTBREAK IN KAIMANA
DISTRICT, WEST PAPUA PROVINCE :A
WATER RESOURCES EXAMINATION
Antonius Oktavian, Evi Iriani Natalia, Irawati
Wike, Mardi Rahardjo
Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis
Papua
Background: Diarrhea is one of infectious
diseases that arise due to the low quality of
the environment , particularly influenced by
the poor quality of water . Diarrhea outbreak
and associated deaths was reported in
October 2011 from Kaimana District , West
Papua Province. Base on West Papua Health
Department showed there have been 222
cases of diarrhea in which 167 patients aged
0-5 years. Also recorded 3 cases died.
Objectives A water examination was
conducted to assess the biological parameters
of water quality and identify the pathogens
that contaminate water sources . Methods
The study was carried out in Kaimana District
on 7 to 10 November 2011 consist s of water
collecting
from
water
resources
,
environmental observation (surrounding
water resources) and interview to determine
the clinical symptoms of disease. In that time
ABSTRACT BOOK
we found three diarrhea cases and we
decided to collected their stool sample.
Bacteriological examination of water carried
in the Provincial Health Laboratory of Papua in
Jayapura , and the virological examination for
water and feces conducted at the National
Laboratory of National Institute Of Health
Research and Development in Jakarta. Results
The laboratory tests found that there was
fecal coliform bacteria and E. coli in water
samples , which indicate the presence of fecal
contamination in water resources. The result
of 3 stool samples found that two were
positive for rotavirus Conclutions The water
quality in Kaimana district was less qualified
as a source of drinking water based on
biological
parameters
included
the
environmental condition surround the
resources . We suggested that diarrhea
outbreak in Kaimana District caused by
rotavirus Health education program and
water treatment process for water sources
before it consumed are needed for this area.
ID: 61
3. MODEL PREDIKSI INDEKS MASSA TUBUH
REMAJA BERDASARKAN RIWAYAT LAHIR
DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK(STUDI
LONGITUDINAL IFLS 1993-2007)
Demsa Simbolon
Politeknik Kesehatan Bengkulu
Populasi remaja yang semakin meningkat
diikuti dengan peningkatan masalah gizi
ganda di negara berkembang, termasuk
Indonesia, karena usia remaja merupakan
salah satu kelompok umur yang rentan
terhadap masalah gizi sebagai akibat riwayat
lahir dan status gizi sebelumnya yang buruk,
kemudian mempunyai konsekuensi buruk
dalam daur hidup berikutnya. Penelitian
bertujuan
memperoleh
model
untuk
memprediksi indeks massa tubuh (IMT)
remaja berdasarkan riwayat lahir dan status
gizi anak dengan mengontrol karakteristik
anak, orang tua, kesehatan lingkungan, dan
status sosial ekonomi keluarga. Penelitian ini
menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life
Survey (IFLS) dengan desain studi longitudinal.
Sampel berjumlah 837 balita dipilih secara
multistage random sampling. Riwayat lahir
diukur dari berat lahir dan umur kehamilan.
Pengukuran status gizi dilakukan 4 kali, yaitu
saat balita (IFLS 1993), 5-9 tahun (IFLS 1997),
8-12 tahun (IFLS 2000) dan remaja 15-19
tahun (IFLS 2007). Analisis regresi logistik
multinomial akan memprediksi risiko remaja
kurus/sangat kurus dan gemuk/obesitas. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata berat lahir
bayi perempuan 147 gram lebih rendah
dibandingkan bayi laki-laki. Terdapat 7,4 bayi
BBLR, dengan prevalensi lebih tinggi pada bayi
perempuan (9,3%). Tidak ada perbedaan ratarata usia kehamilan menurut jenis kelamin.
Ditemukan beban ganda masalah gizi pada
usia balita. 47% stunting, 29,7% underweight,
10% wasting dan 13,9% gemuk/obesitas,
dimana status gizi balita perempuan lebih
buruk dibandingkan laki-laki. Berdasarkan
indeks antropometri komposit, 51,7% balita
mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan, dengan
kontribusi terbanyak dari stunting diikuti
underweight dan wasting. Status gizi buruk
saat balita cenderung tetap bertahan sampai
remaja. Balita stunting cenderung tetap
stunting sampai remaja, demikian juga
masalah IMT. Risiko remaja kurus/sangat
kurus dapat diprediksi dari anak kurus/sangat
kurus saat usia 5-9 tahun (OR= 8,5 95% CI:
3,04-24,03) dan usia 8-12 tahun (OR=7,7
95%CI:
3,06
â€“
19,43).
Remaja
gemuk/obesitas dapat diprediksi dari umur
kehamilan kurang bulan (OR = 2,7 95%CI: 1,02
â€“ 7,53), stunting usia 8-12 tahun (OR = 2,9
95%CI: 1,14 â€“ 7,84), dan gemuk/obesitas
usia 8-12 tahun (OR = 10,2 95%CI: 4,08 â€“
25,41). Risiko remaja gemuk/obesitas yang
dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain, yaitu anak
berjenis kelamin perempuan, riwayat ASI noneksklusif,
ibu
pendek,
dan
ibu
gemuk/obesitas. Untuk memutus mata rantai
kelanjutan gangguan pertumbuhan sejak lahir
sampai remaja perlu intervensi yang
diprioritaskan pada remaja wanita yang
berperan penting dalam melanjutkan siklus
kehidupan, sehingga saat hamil bahkan
sebelumnya dapat mencegah bayi lahir
kurang bulan dan fetal programming yang
konsekuensinya berkelanjutan pada usia
berikutnya. Perlu evaluasi program pemberian
makanan tambahan yang lebih memfokuskan
pada penambahan berat badan tanpa
mempertimbangkan tinggi badan. Kata Kunci:
BBLR, lahir kurang bulan, pendek, IMT, Kurus,
gemuk, obesitas, remaja PREDICTION MODEL
ADOLESCENT BODY MASS INDEX BASED ON
THE BIRTH HISTORY AND CHILDREN
NUTRITION STATUS (IFLS LONGITUDINAL
STUDY 1993- 2007) ABSTRACT Increasing
adolescent population followed by an
increase double burden nutrition problems in
developing countries, including Indonesia,
because adolescence is one of the age groups
vulnerable nutritional problems as a result of
poor birth history and nutritional status, and
then have bad consequences the next life
cycle. This study aimed to obtain a predictive
model body mass index (BMI) based on the
birth history and children nutritional status by
controlling the characteristics of children,
parents, environmental health, and family
socioeconomic status. This study uses data of
the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) a
longitudinal study design. The number of
sample is 837 under five children selected by
multistage random sampling. The birth history
measured from birth weight and gestational
age. Measurement of nutritional status
carried out 4 times, when under five years
(IFLS 1993), 5-9 years (IFLS 1997), 8-12 years
(IFLS 2000) and adolescents 15-19 years (IFLS
2007). Method of analysis using multinomial
logistic regression would predict adolescent
risk of thin/very thin and overweight/obesity.
The results showed mean of birth weight
women less than147 grams. There are 7.4%
born with low birth weight, with a higher
prevalence of women infants (9.3%). There
was no difference in mean gestational age by
sex (36.9 weeks). Discovered the double
burden of nutritional problems at under five
years children. 47% stunting, 29.7%
underweight, 10% wasting and 13.9%
overweight/obesity, where the nutritional
status of children of women worse than men.
Composite index anthropometry showed that
51.7% had under five year children growth
faltering, stunting as the highest contribution
and then followed by wasting and
underweight. Poor nutritional status in
infancy tend to persist through adolescence.
Stunting in under five year tend to remain
stunted through adolescence, as well as BMI
problem. Risk adolescents thin/very thin can
be predicted from thin/very thin at the age of
5-9 years (OR = 8.5 95% CI: 3.04 to 24.03) and
age 8-12 years (OR = 7.7 95% CI: 3.06 to
19.43). Adolescent overweight/obesity can be
predicted from the gestational age preterm
(OR = 2.7 95% CI: 1.02 to 7.53), stunting aged
8-12 years (OR = 2.9 95% CI: 1.14 - 7.84), and
overweight/obese aged 8-12 years (OR = 10.2
95% CI: 4.08 to 25.41). The risk of adolescent
overweight/obesity influenced by other
factors: women children, non-exclusive
breastfeeding, short maternal height, and
maternal overweight/obesity. To break the
chain of continuity of growth disorders from
birth through adolescence need priority
interventions in young women who play an
important role in continuing the life cycle,
prevent preterm and fetal programming
before pregnancy of the consequences
sustained in the life cycle. Need evaluation of
supplementary feeding programs are more
focused on weight gain without considering
the height. Keywords: LBW, preterm, stunting,
ABSTRACT BOOK
BMI,
Thinness,
adolescent
overweight,
obesity,
ID: 62
4. LEVEL OF RADIATION EXPOSURE IN
uSv/hour in radiotherapy and 3 to 8 uSv/hour
in the nuclear medicine. Conclusion: Heart
catheterization workers had beyond allowable
per hour radiation exposure. The others
workers had less allowable per hour radiation
exposure. Key words: radiation exposure,
radiation worker and limited dose value
SEVERAL HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA
Frans Suharyanto suharyanto, Ratih
Oemiati, Mulyono Notosiswoyo
Pusat Teknologi Terapan Kesehatan dan
Epidemiologi Klinik (Pusat 2)
Level of radiation exposure in several
hospitals in Indonesia Abstract Background:
The Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency of
Indonesia (BAPETEN) decreed the standard
dose of the exposed worker (radiation
workers). The purpose of this study was to
know the dose of the radiation exposure to
workers in their workplaces in several
hospitals in Indonesia. Methods: Cross
sectional study, interviewing, observing and
measuring the dose of the radiation exposure
to workers in their workplaces. The dose of
the radiation exposure to workers will be
divided according to their workplaces such as
radio-diagnostic, radio therapy and nuclear
medicine. Population of this study was all the
medical workers who were exposed to
radiation in nine hospitals in six provinces.
Results: The total respondents involved in this
study were 103 people of 9 hospitals. More
male (51.3%) than female, and they were
mostly 40-44 years old (27%). The highest
exposure on the exposed workers in several
workplaces was occurred while they were
doing heart catheterization, with the range
dose of 5 to 32.50 uSv/hour ( limited dose
value is 25 uSv/hour) . Meanwhile, in other
radio-diagnostic places (CT scan, fluoroscopy,
and C-arm) the radiation exposure was in the
range of 0.20 to 10 uSv/hour, 0.11 to 25
ID: 66
5. TRANSLATING RESEARCH TO POLICY: A
CASE STUDY OF NOT FOR PROFIT
HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA
Mia Urbano, Shita Dewi and Dr Laksono
Trisnantoro, Dr Krishna Hort
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Nossal Institute
for Global Health, University of Melbourne
BACKGROUND: This presentation describes
the findings of a case study that examined the
policy influence of research on not for profit
(NFP) hospitals in Indonesia. In 2009, the
Centre for Health Service Management
(CHSM) at University of Gadja Mada
undertook research into the scale and role of
the non-state hospital sector in Indonesia. The
research found that non-state hospitals
account for 50% of the total number of
hospitals in Indonesia, and that NFP hospitals
are the dominant non-state provider and are
often the only health care provider located
outside district capitals. Further findings
revealed that the growth of NFP hospitals in
Indonesia had stagnated over the last decade,
and that NFP hospitals were tending to
neglect their public welfare mission, as a
result of financial pressures from the lack of
government
subsidies
or
taxation
concessions. Recognising the threat to health
service access for the poor, especially in rural
and remote areas, the researchers
communicated their findings to NFP hospital
associations and together they advocated for
tax concessions to be included within the new
Indonesian Hospital Act. While this advocacy
contributed to new provisions in relation to
NFP hospitals in the hospital law of 2009,
further engagement with policy makers in the
Ministry of Health (MoH) failed to finalize the
necessary regulations over the subsequent 2
years. OBJECTIVES: Examination of how
research can be utilised to influence health
policy is recognized as complex, with few
published studies of actual implementation.
The case study that is the focus of this
presentation was undertaken in mid-2012,
and investigated whether the CHSM research
had any influence on policy and how that
influence occurred. METHODS: The case study
consisted of documentary analysis of research
papers, communication materials, and policy
documents, supplemented by interviews of
key stakeholders. Data collection and analysis
used a framework developed from the
literature of the factors identified as
potentially influencing knowledge translation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The case study
identified changes in the attitudes and
willingness to engage with government
among NFPs and MoH policy makers, but also
found barriers within the MoH which
constrained the engagement of non state
groups in policy making, and suggest the need
for
new
governance
mechanisms.
ID: 70
6. CLEAN WATER AND TOILET
AVAILABILITY SUPPORTED MULTIPLE
GOALS AND TARGETS OF MILLENNIUM
DEVELOPMENT GOALSâ€™. A CASE
REPORT ON EAST LOMBOK ELEMENTARY
SCHOOLS, INDONESIA
Dwi Susilowati Susilowati
Pusat Humaniora, Kebijakan Kesehatan dan
Pemberdayaan
Masyarakat (Pusat 4)
Background: Improved water and sanitation is
linked to school enrolment and attendance,
especially for girls and it empower women
because it will contribute to gender equality
(goal 3). Goal 7 of the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) addresses
environmental sustainability, with a target
(target 10) to â€œhalve, by 2015, the
proportion of people without sustainable
access to safe drinking water and basic
sanitationâ€•. The achievement of target 10
also contributes to lowering child mortality
(target 5), a reduction of the incidence of
major infectious diseases (target 8), and a
better quality of life for slum populations
(target 11). Objectives: to observe the
availability of water sources, toilet and soap
availability within selected elementary
schools. To observe the gender needs for
toilet usage. Method: the respondents were
420 studentsâ€™ grade 4 and 5 selected by a
simple random sampling and 80 teachers
which were chosen purposively from 20
selected schools that participated in hand
washing school program conducted by WFP
and Unilever at East Lombok. Results: The
water source for latrine and hand washing
came from protected well (52.5%), piped
water (31.3%), unprotected well (8.8%), river
(6.3%),
and
spring
water/stream/pond/lake/dam (5%). Most
water sources were located at school
premises (87.5%). There were 95.0%
functioning latrines for teachers, 88.8%
functioning latrines for boys and girls
combined and 11.3% functioning separated
latrines between boys and girls. There were
90 toilets within 20 schools, i.e. approximately
one toilet for about 50 students and teachers.
There were only 8 schools that had toilet just
for female students, while that is important to
give the girls more privacy especially during
menstruation. Conclusions: water, toilet and
soap availability were partially available in
ABSTRACT BOOK
those schools. Toilet separation between boys
and girls are still needed. Key words: water,
toilet, gender, elementary school, Indonesia.
ID: 83
7. RELATED FACTORS TO MIDWIFES
COMPLIANCE IN PARTOGRAPH
FULFILLMENT OF CHILDBIRTH PROCESS
AT PRACTICE MIDWIFE CLINIC IN EAST
BEKASI AREA IN 2012
Aprilya Sintarini, Prof. Herman Sudiman,
SKM, APU, dr. Noegroho Iman Santoso
MKes.
Respati Indonesia University
Partograph is an early warning system to help
midwife in decision making whether the
childbirth has to be referred or to be
accelerated or to be ended. Nowadays,
partograph has not yet used as it has to be.
When referring the childbirth with
complication, midwife often excludes the
partograph as attachment. This indicates that
midwives do not fill the partograph or do not
understand how to do it. The purpose of this
research is to describe the midwifeâ€™s
compliance in Partograph Fulfillment of
Childbirth Process at Practice Midwife Clinic,
and the correlation with ages, educations,
knowledgeâ€™s,
experiences,
attitudes,
apparatus, trainings and colleagueâ€™s
support. This research is using Quantitative
approach with cross sectional design and
qualitative method with participative
observation technique. This research is
implemented at East Bekasi area on May â€“
July 2012. Subjects of this research are private
practice midwives at East Bekasi area with
total 112 people, based on inclusion criteria.
The analysis of this research is using univariat
analysis (frequency distribution), bivariat
analysis (chi square), and multivariat analysis
(double logistic regression). The result of
univariat analysis indicates that obedient
midwives are 56,3%, equal or more than 35
years old midwives are 56,3%, midwives with
high education (80,4%), midwives with very
good knowledge (73,2%), midwives with 5
years experience or more (70,5%), midwives
with negative attitude (61.6%), midwives who
have partographs (89,3%), trained midwives
(53,6%), midwives with colleague support
(62,5%). The result of bivariat analysis
indicates that there is no correlation between
ages, education and experiences to the
compliance of partograph usage. The final
result of multivariat analysis indicates that
colleague support is the most dominant
variable (OR 62,148) after controlled by
knowledge and attitude variables. Conclusions
from this quantitative research are, the most
respondentsâ€™ education level are at least
diploma; negative attitude of the respondents
have major influences in how-to fill up the
partograp; half of the respondents are already
got the training; more than half of the
respondents
supported
each
others;
respondents age are almost spreaded equally
on each age level and compliant levels are
almost the same at 50%; there are still noncompliant respondents, although they have
partograph near by their clinic/practice area.
Qualitative result indicates that compliant
level determined by the amount of
patients/visitors; lack of resources; fatigues;
sleepiness; and laziness. Good leadership in
how to comply and to fill the partograph, will
influence midwifeâ€™s assistant and in-house
training students, as a good major habit.
ID: 95
8. ETHNOSAINS COMMUNITY OF MALARIA
IN OUTBREAK AREA: ROWOKELE
SUBDISTRICT, KEBUMEN REGENCY,
JAWA TENGAH PROVINCE
Anggi Septia Irawan, Aryani Pujiyanti
Balai Besar Litbang Vektor dan Reservoir
Penyakit
Malaria is becoming a re-emerging diseases in
Central Java, especially for Kebumen Regency,
it has been hit by malaria outbreak with the
increasing case. A study was conducted in
rural area of sub district Rowokele, Kebumen,
Central Java to identify local knowledge and
practice of the community, becoming one of
the importance factor for vector borne
disease
controlling,
including
malariaÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s
controlling.
The overall objective of the study is to obtain
and interpret detailed grassroots information
of Rowokele Society understanding about the
causation and transmission of malaria so as to
select priority of interventions to improve
home based management and prevention of
malaria. This research was conducted
between June 2011 and November 2011,
apply qualitative method of ethnography
focused on ethnosains study. Data were
retrieved from 33 in-depth interviews and
focus-group discussions and unstructured
observations. Qualitative thematic content
analysis was apply to understanding .
ID: 107
9. BIOECOLOGY STUDY ON ABOUT
MALARIA VECTOR Anopheles spp IN
ROWOKELE SUBDISTRICT, KEBUMEN
REGENCY, JAWA TENGAH PROVINCE
Dhian Prastowo, Yusnita Mirna Anggraini
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit Salatiga
(B2P2VRP)
In order to support local government health
program for The Central Java Provincial
Malaria-Free 2015, this research was
conducted in the village of Wagirpandan
Rowokele Subdistrict Kebumen Regency
Central Java Province. This study aimed to
identify and study the fauna, the
characteristic behavior of mosquito vectors
and the characteristics of its habitat (breeding
location) mosquito vectors of malaria,
furthermore was to know the location
characteristics of the spread of mosquitoes in
the research area. This type of research is
descriptive exploratif by taking population.
ID: 108
10. THE ABILITY OF RHIZOPUS
OLIGOSPORUS MOULD TO SYNTHESIS
THE VITAMIN B1, B2, B12 DAN FOLIC
ACID ON THE PALM OIL WASTE
SUBSTRAT IN THE SOLID
FERMENTATION)
Drs. Erwin Affandi dan Heru Yuniati
Background: The experiment was conducted
to test the ability of Rhizopus oligosporus
mould to synthesis the vitamin B1, B2, B12,
and Folic acid on palm oil waste substrate in
the solid state fermentation. The objectives of
the study based on the abundant amount of
palm oil waste product and the ability of
R.oligosporus to synthesis the vitamin B
through the biotechnology fermentation
process.Metodology: To enrich the substrate
was conducted by formulated the substrate
with added the urea as a source of nitrogen
and sucrose as a source of carbon. The mould
R.oligosporus was used as a mix culture which
is used in the fermented soybean production.
The fermentation was carried out for 3 days in
incubator at 370C. Product of fermentation
was analyzed the water, vitamin B1, B2, B12,
ABSTRACT BOOK
and folic acid contents.Result: There was a
distinct result in the water content, where the
palm oil waste as a control and palm oil waste
added urea decreased and the palm oil waste
added sucrose increased. In general, the
vitamin B contents in the all substrates
increased, while the vitamin B1 decreased.
The vitamin B1 value in substrates of palm oil
waste as a control, added with urea, and
added with sucrose decreased 46,91, 20,31
and 30,76 percent. The vitamin B2 value in
substrates of palm oil waste as a control,
added with urea, and added with sucrose
consecutively increased 45,07; 14,89; and
57,57 percent. The vitamin B12 value was also
increasing by 30,0; 12,5; and 25,0 percent for
all the substrate . The vitamin folic acid value
was also increased 37,31; 4,19; and 15,17
percent for all the substrate.Conclusion:
During the fermentation process of palm oil
waste, the Rhizopus oligosporus mould has an
ability to produce vitamin B2, B12, and folic
acid, while the vitamin B1 decreased. The
palm oil waste substrate without supplement
is the best substrate in producing vitamin B2,
B12, and folic acid. Sucrose as a source of
carbon has positive effects on increasing
vitamin B2, B12, and folic acid contents. Urea
as a source of nitrogen shows the slightly
effect in increasing the vitamin B. Keywords:
palm oil waste, Rhizopus oligosporus, vitamin
B,
and
solid
state
fermentation.
ID: 110
11. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFESTYLE
WITH THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE
ELDERLY IN STABAT DISTRICT LANGKAT
REGENCY 2012
Setia Sihombing, Prof. Dr. Herman
Sudiman, SKM, AP, Atik Kridawati, ST,
MKes
Respati University Of Indonesia
Life expectancy is one of the main indicators
of the quality of healthcare, acccording to the
assessment of Human Depelovment Index.
Indonesia is ranked at 108 with a life
expectancy of 71.5 years with only a 0.677
HDI. A special problem faced by the elderly is
influence of the aging process can cause
various problems in achieving good quality of
life, whether physically, biologically, mentally
and socio-economically. The quality of life for
the elderly, other than depending on
engineering factors every living creature that
is hereditary and can not be changed, also
depends on external factors for example, a
healthy lifestyle that does not run properly. In
Stabat District, many elderly have difficulties
in daily activities due to pain and other
diseases, where the percentage of sick elderly
people reached 32%. The objective of the
research was to determine the relationship
between lifestyle with the quality of life of the
elderly in Stabat District, Langkat Regency,
2012. The type of the research was
quantitative descriptive research with "cross
sectional" design. The population were the
entire elderly people in Stabat District Langkat
Regency, with the sampling using the
randomly (simple random sampling) with
lottery technique to select as many as 110
people. The data was collected by interview
with questionnaire with the quality of life
instrument taken from WHOQOL BREF and
the lifestyle instrument. The data analysis was
done with chi square test and multiple logistic
regression test. The study bivariat results
showed that tere is a relationship between
lifestyle with the quality of life for the elderly.
Variables related were eating habits (p =
0,003), exercise habits (p = 0,000), smoking (p
= 0,009), stress controlling (p = 0,019), resting
habits (p = 0,002), and recreational habits (p =
0,047). Thus it can be concluded that a good
exercise habit is the most dominant lifestyle
variable (OR = 5.156) after controlled with the
eating habits variable. It is recommended to
the healthcaree workers to increase their role
in implementing elderly health program by
providing counseling with sport habit.
Bibliography : 45 (1992-2012) Keyword(s) :
Lifestyle, The quality of life of the elderly.
ID: 112
12. NEIGHBOURHOOD EFFECT IN
PNEUMONIA IN INDONESIA CHILDREN
UNDER-5: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS
Rizanda Machmud, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo,
Darfioes Basir, Adang Bakhtiar,Panji
Hadisoemarto, Philips Loh, Anuraj H
Shankar
Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University
Background: In Indonesia, Pneumonia
contributes greatly to under-5 mortality rates.
Though previous studies have found that
many significant individual level risk factors
for pneumonia exist, little work has been
done on neighborhood-level risk factors. Thus,
this paper aims to supplement previous
working by considering the neighborhood
level risk factors that might influence the
rates of pneumonia by determining whether
differences existing the odds of having
pneumonia for an under-five child between
different house hold and district levels risk
factors. Methods: The study uses data from
the Benefit Evaluation Study (BES) II,
undertaken by the Center of Health Study at
the University of Indonesia and funded by the
Intensified Communicable Disease Control
(ICDC) Project and the Indonesian Ministry of
Health. Research was done in 27 districts from
7 provinces in Indonesia in 2005, with a
sample size of 7,170 children under-5 within
10,900 households. We used multilevel
logistic regression to determine the
Intracluster Correlation Coefficient (ICC), the
median odds ratio (MOR) and the Interval
odds ratio (IOR). This was done to determine
the relative contribution of neighborhood and
household level risk factors on the incidence
of pneumonia. Results: Odds to have
pneumonia was 4.9% (95% CI: 3.4-7.1). The
ICC
calculation
result
that
relative
contributions of households level on
occurrence pneumonia was 10.56%; then the
contribution the district is 10.19%. The
calculation of the MOR and the IOR for some
selected significant house hold and district
level factors show; On a household level, the
MOR between the person with higher risk
pneumonia and the person with lower risk of
pneumonia is estimated to be 1.85 with an
IOR 2.17-23.0. On a district level, we found
the MOR was 1.88 with the IOR 2.13-23.47.
Conclusions: We found several neighborhood
level risk-factors that are significantly
associated with the incidence of pneumonia in
Indonesia. The Ministry of Health should
consider these risk factors and create
programs that are target populations most-atrisk for developing pneumonia. It means that
the strategic planning might not make target
program be the same for all district. And must
be selected which kind of house hold should
be come promotive target. Keywords:
pneumonia, house hold level, district level,
multilevel analysis, neighborhood effect
ID: 116
13. MODEL OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT
SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM IN SURABAYA,
2012
Arief Hargono, Lucia Y Hendrati
School of Public Health, Airlangga
University
Backgrounds Traffic accident is second leading
cause of death for age groups 15-60. National
police data mentions that in 2009 there have
ABSTRACT BOOK
been 57,726 traffic accidents. Traffic accidents
in Surabaya in 2010 reached 711 cases with
941 deaths. Unfortunately, the accident traffic
control has not been programmed optimally.
The monitoring program such as surveillance
hopefully could do coordination among
relevant institution to collect data and
generate useful information to prevent and
reduce the incidence of traffic accidents.
Objectives The objectives of this research are
to develop model of traffic accidents
surveillance system in Surabaya based on
surveillance
components.
Surveillance
components studied were data collection,
data analysis, generated information and
dissemination of information. Method This
study was an operational research to describe
model of traffic accident surveillance system.
The respondent was the officer whom
responsible for recording and reporting in
Satlantas
Polwiltabes
Surabaya
and
surveillance officers in Surabaya District
Health Office. The data was collected by indepth interview using in-depth interview
guide. Research supported by document study
using observational sheets to studied accident
data and form of recording and reporting of
traffic accidents. Results Type of data required
by the surveillance of traffic accidents are
characteristics of victims and accident
information. Characteristics of victimâ€™s
data are age, occupation, education, gender,
ownership of driving license and the
victimâ€™s status. Accident information data
consist of time of accident, the parties
involved, types of injuries, loss of material,
cause of the incident, number of vehicles,
type of vehicle and weather conditions. Data
analyzed by descriptive analysis on a monthly
basis. Data interpretation produces trend
analysis and comparing data with the previous
month. The results of data analysis are
information
of
accidents
character,
characteristic of victim, causes an accident,
settlement process and characteristic of
offenders. The generated information is used
to determine accident-prone areas and
accident
prevention
program.
Data
disseminated to Polres, Polda, District Health
Office, insurance companies and hospitals.
Conclusions Some data need to be added to
improve the quality of traffic accidents
surveillance. The data are proportion of the
number of cases investigated among reported
cases, the length of time officers got to the
scene, length of time victim was taken to
hospital and risk factors data such as medical
history of victims. The data can be used to
measure the quality of services and identify
the causes of the accident. Keywords:
surveillance,
traffic,
accident,
model
ID: 117
14. THE USE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY AND
STROKE REGISTRY FOR IMPROVING
QUALITY OF CARE IN STROKE PATIENTS
Rizaldy Pinzon, Laksmi Asanti, Sugianto,
Kriswanto Widyo
Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta
Background: The stroke care pathway is a
simple resource that provides the user with a
summary of the key aspects of care that
should be considered for people with stroke
at any stage in their care. The hospital based
stroke registry is developed for monitoring
the process and outcome of stroke patients.
There is very limited study about the use of
stroke clinical pathway in Indonesia. Aim: This
study described the process of developing and
implementation of clinical care pathway for
patients with acute stroke. Method: The
method of this study is after-before analysis.
We compare the process and outcome of
ischemic stroke patients before and after the
pilot implementation of the pathway. The
data was obtained from the stroke registry.
The data was analyzed descriptively and
analytically. Result: The data obtained from
124 ischemic stroke patients. The data consist
of 62 patients after the implementation of
clinical pathway and 62 patients before the
implementation. The analysis showed that
there are improvement in the tracing for
stroke risk factors, swallowing assessment,
nutritional consultation, and functional status
measurement
after
the
pathway
implementation. The use of clinical pathway
decrease the complications (3,2% VS 14,5%,
RR : 0,22; 95% CI : 0,05 â€“ 0,99, p : 0,027) .
There is no significant difference of mortality
rate after clinical pathway implementation
(6,5% VS 1,6%, RR : 4, 95% CI:0,46 â€“ 34,78,
p :0,365). The mean cost of care is lower Rp
1.492.136,25 in clinical pathway group. There
are not significant reductions on the average
length of stay and mortality rate between the
two periods. Conclusion: Our study showed
that clinical pathway is improving the
indicator of stroke care services. The use of
clinical pathway is associated with fewer
complications. Key words: clinical pathwaystroke
registry-outcome
of
care
ID: 119
15. A DECADE OF INEQUALITY IN UNMET
NEED FAMILY PLANNING IN INDONESIA
(1997-2007)
Ni'mal Baroya
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics
and Population - Public Health Faculty University of Jember
Background: Indonesia was committed to the
fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG-5)
target of reducing its maternal mortality ratio
by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015.
The met need for safe and effective
contraception can reduce maternal mortality
through unwanted pregnancy prevention.
Nationally, there has been an increased
contraceptive prevalence rate in Indonesia.
However, it is not in line with a decreased
unmet need for family planning. The change
of policy on family planning financing which
benefits poor families can hopefully meet the
contraceptive needs, especially those living in
developing countries. Objective: To examine
trends in the odds ratio of unmet need family
planning according to key socio-economic
status. Method: We used data from three
Indonesian Demographic and Health Surveys
conducted between 1997 and 2007. The
subjects were all married women aged 15-49
years old. Data analysis used a chi-square
technique to assess the effect of socioeconomic status on the odds of unmet need
for family planning. Result: Based on the IDHS
1997, 2002-2003 and 2007, the odds ratio of
unmet need was greater in poorest women
than richest, never attending any formal
education, and having low level of family
planning knowledge. Other significant factors
for the odds of unmet need were unexposed
women with family planning information,
problems in the access for contraceptive
service and residential status in urban area.
According economic status, education, family
planning knowledge and exposed family
planning information, trend in the odds ratio
of unmet need was decreased from IDHS 1997
to 2007, but there was no changed in the
access for contraceptive service and
residential
status.
Conclusion:
The
implementation of policy on family planning
financing for poor households can reduce the
odds of unmet need in which the policy is
then followed by the efforts on the
improvement of women education, family
planning knowledge and exposed family
planning information. Keywords: family
planning,
unmet
need,
inequality
ABSTRACT BOOK
ID: 122
16. PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANT OF
OBESITY AMONG ELDERLY IN JAKARTA
Regina Satya Wiraharja, Charles Surjadi
Atma Jaya Catholic University
Objectives: In Indonesia few attention are put
on nutrition status of elderly people, while
obesity is a risk factor of non communicable
diseases, we look for the prevalence and
determinants of obesity among elderly people
in Jakarta, based on 2007 national health
research data. Methods: Census block were
selected by probability proportional to size
methods. Households were selected by simple
random sampling of selected census blocks.
People aged 55 year and above from selected
households were included as individual
samples (1671 respondents). Respondents
were asked on their characteristics (age, sex,
marriage status, number of household
members), socioeconomic status (education,
work, economic percentile), health problems
(heart diseases, mental problems, dental
problems, diabetes, arthritis, joint problems,
hypertension) and behavior (fruit intake,
alcohol intake, vegetables intake, physical
activities). Body Mass Index was used to
measure obesity (underweight: less than 18.5,
normal: 18.5-24.9, overweight and obese: 25
or above). Data was analyzed by chi square
and multiple logistic regression methods.
Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity
among elderly persons is 30.3 %. There are
25.2 % smokers and 30 % household mothers.
Age less than 75 years old, being women,
being as household mother, higher
socioeconomic status, not being head of
households, do medium physical activities,
smoking regularly, have non communicable
diseases (such as diabetes and cardiac
diseases) are significantly related to obesity (p
< 0.05). Multivariate analysis shows that
elderly aged 65 - 74 year (OR = 2.0; CI 95% =
1.28 â€“ 3.12;), elderly aged 55-65 year (OR =
1.9, CI 95% = 1.2-2.7), household mother (OR
= 1.73; CI 95% = 1.3 â€“ 2.4), elderly with
higher socioeconomic status (OR = 1.8; CI 95%
= 1.25 â€“ 2.56), elderly with mild physical
activities (OR = 1.9 ; CI 95% = 1.3 â€“ 2.71;),
and regular smokers (OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.19
â€“ 2.16;) are more likely to be overweight
and obese. Conclusions: This study calls for
attention on obesity prevention program for
elderly people at Jakarta as part of NCD and
elderly program. The program should targets
on household mothers and smokers, and
facilitates higher social economic groups to
actively
do
physical
activities.
ID: 125
17. ARTEMISININ PLUS NAPTHOQUINE
VERSUS DIHYDROARTEMISININ PLUS
PIPERAQUINE IN ADULT SUBJECTS WITH
PLASMODIUM VIVAX INFECTION IN
INDONESIA
Armedy Ronny Hasugian, Hadjar
Siswantoro, Telly Purnamasari, Srilaning
Driyah, Lidwina Yanuar, Tersila Adolorata
Dua Dedang, Asep Purnama, Emiliana
Tjitra
Background:
Dihydroartemisinin
plus
piperaquine (DHP) against Plasmodium vivax
(Pv) was reported highly effective with a cure
rate of >95% and mild adverse event.
Artemisinin plus napthoquine (AN) is a new
promising artemisinin-based combined drug
which is given only with a single dose and
effective for P.vivax malaria. However, there
was reported an increasing proportion of Pv in
Indonesia. Therefore, we conduct a clinical
trial of these artemisinin-based combined
drugs in Pv malaria cases. Objective: To
determine the efficacy and safety of AN
compared with DHP in adults subjects
infected with P vivax. Methods: This is a part
of phase III clinical trial of AN versus DHP in
adult subjects with uncomplicated malaria
using the 2003 WHO protocol for assessing
drug efficacy. A total of 158 Pv subjects were
recruited in the trial, 80 subjects were
randomized selected with AN and other 78
subjects with DHP. Subjects were observed
clinically and parasitologically for 42 days. The
efficacy of the drug was analysed in intention
to treat (ITT), modified ITT (MITT) and per
protocol (PP) population and presented in
survival curves using SPSS 17. Results: Efficacy
of AN versus DHP on day 42 in the ITT
population were 93.7% (95% CI: 88.4% - 99%)
vs 89.7% (95% CI: 83% - 96.4%) with Log Rank
Mantel Hazel =0.354, in MITT were 97.3%
(95% CI: 93.6% - 100%) vs 94.6% (95% CI:
89.7% - 94.6%) with Log Rank Mantel Hazel=
0.380 and in PP were 100% in both groups.
The proportion of parasite clearance was
100% after 64 hours post-treatment with a
median of parasite clearance times 24 (8-64)
hours in AN, and 16 (8-56) hours in DHP.
Adverse events (nausea, sleeping disturbance,
abdominal pain and fatigue in AN; and
vomiting in DHP) were reported mild and
occurred <10%. Conclusion: The results
demonstrate that the efficacies of AN and
DHP do not significantly different and meet
with the WHO recommendation. Both drugs
were tolerated with mild adverse events.
Keywords:
malaria,
artemisinin,
dihydroartemisinin, napthoquine, P vivax
ID: 126
18. EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ARTESUNATE AMODIAQUINE AND CHLOROQUINE IN
PLASMODIUM
VIVAX
MALARIA
INFECTION,
TENGGARA
MAUMERE,
EAST
NUSA
Armedy Ronny Hasugian, Emiliana Tjitra
Background: Indonesia as a high endemic
malaria country has a problem with
chloroquine (CQ) resistance. In 2006, East
Nusa Tenggara province reported 618.364
malaria cases with an annual malaria
incidence (AMI) of 145 per 1000 population,
and an annual parasite incidence (API) of 30
per 1000 population. Although artesunateamodiaquine (AsAq) was started use in 2004,
the efficacy of AsAq showed only 52% for
P.vivax malaria in Papua. There is also a need
to evaluate the efficacy of CQ and AsAq in
East Nusa Tenggara province, other endemic
area. Objective: To compare the efficacy and
safety of AsAq and CQ for P vivax malaria in
Maumere. Methods: This was a prospective
evaluation of AsAq and CQ using the 2001
WHO protocol for assessment the therapeutic
efficacy of antimalarial drug at the Kopeta
Primary Health Care in 2007. The subject with
monoinfection of P. vivax was selected
according to the inclusion and exclusion
criteria, and randomly given AsAq or CQ under
close supervision. Subjects were followed for
28 day clinically and microscopically for
malaria parasites. The therapeutic efficacy
was presented in survival curve using SPSS 15.
The safety was assessed by clinical only.
Results: A total of 100 subjects were recruited
with a ratio of 1:1. The day-28 efficacy of
AsAq versus CQ by Intention To Treat (ITT)
analysis were 88% (44/50) versus 38.0%
(19/50) with p<0.000 and per protocol (PP)
analysis were 93.6% (44/47) versus 51.4% (
19/37) with p<0.000. Two cases treated with
CQ had early treatment failure (ETF) by day 3.
The common reported adverse events in AsAq
ABSTRACT BOOK
were vomiting (26%), anorexia ( 22%) and
nausea (18 %). Either in CQ, vomiting (20.4% )
was the most common reported adverse
event. (10/49). Two cases were hospitalized
due to repeated vomiting after CQ treatment.
Conclusion: The efficacy of AsAq was
significantly better than CQ for treatment. Of
P. vivax. Vomiting is the frequent adverse
event in AsAq and CQ. An alternative
tolerated ACT is needed for having a better
efficacy. Key word: artesunate, amodiaquine,
choloquine,
P.
vivax.
(p-value=0,000; CI=95%). The Quality of life
difference according to age, gender, marital
status, occupational and acquisition variance
were not significant. Conclusions: Quality of
life of elderly in Sumbersari Sub-district
Jember was different according to their ethnic
variance. It means that quality of life of
Javanese, Maduranese and other settler in
Sumbersari sub-district was different. Based
on this research, health promotion throuh
elderly integrated service and developing
multi sector approach between department of
health and departement of education need to
be improved. Keywords: Eldery, quality of life
ID: 132
19. QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN
SUMBERSARI SUB-DISTRICT JEMBER,
2012: QoL Comparison Based On Their
Sosio Demographic And Sosio Economic
Characteristic.
ID: 133
20. LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS EPIDEMIOLOGY
IN KOTA BESI SUBDISTRICT,
KOTAWARINGIN TIMUR DISTRICT
CENTRAL BORNEO PROVINCE
Ratna Frenty Nurkhalim, Nur Fahita
Budi Setiawan, Soeyoko, Tri Baskoro T
Satoto
Jember University
Backgrounds: The increasing population of
elderly has recently become a focus of
interest in developing countries because of
increasing life expectancy. Objectives: This
research aims to compare elderly peopleâ€™s
quality of life based on their sosio
demographic
and
sosio
economic
characteristic. Methods: A cross-sectional
study was conducted among 211 elderly aged
60 and over, who lived in Sumbersari subdistrict Jember. Data were collected by using
WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire from May to
June, 2012. Statistics used for data analysis
were Chi Square, Mann Whitney and Kruskal
Wallis analysis. Results: The study found
45.5% elderly had a good level of quality of
life, followed by moderate (25.6%), poor
(22.3%,) very good (4.7%) and very poor
(1.9%). Data analysis showed a significant
different of quality of life in ethnic variance
Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Gadjah Mada
Background. In Southeast Asia, as much as
60% of the population has been infected with
filariasis. Meanwhile, according to Indonesia's
health profile, filariasis cases increase each
year in Indonesia. In 2008 as many as 11.699
cases has been reported. Distribution of the
disease tends to spread in rural areas and
epidemiological data needed about filariasis
elimination program should be limited. AIM.
The research aims to find out filariasis vector
species and their bionomic aspect, to find out
the cause of lymphatic filariasis microfilaria
species and to find out the clinical symptoms
of human patients with lymphatic filariasis.
METHOD. This research conducted from
February to June, 2011. This research is a
descriptive observational study with 386
samples of citizens who are willing to be
respondent and to have blood drawn.
Capillary blood sampling did at night by such
loop coils sampling. Collecting mosquitoes
done 10 times by people indoor and outdoor
as bait, using light traps and in the morning.
RESULT. 386 peripheral blood samples
examined, the results are 4 people suffering
microfilaremia, the average density of
microfilaria in the blood 4.45 and found filarial
species Brugia malayi. Periodicity of
microfilariae is nocturnal periodic with
harmonic waves and some nocturnal subperiodic with the non harmonic waves. Mf
rate is 1.04%, Acute Disease Rate is 5.44%,
while Cronic Disease Rate is 0%. The five
months collecting vector mosquitoes gains as
many as 23.194 heads, most mosquitoes are
Mansonia uniformis (25.60%), Ma. Bonneae
(20.70%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (19.41%),
An. maculatus (16.75%), An. balabacensis
(15.27%), Ae. albopictus (1.39%), Ae. aegypti
(0.88%). The highest density was caught in
June with peak biting activity at 09:00 p.m to
10:00 p.m. However, this study found no larva
3 (L3) in the mosquitoes body examined, so it
needs further experiments in laboratory using
membrane feeding. Conclusion. Filariasis
occurring in Kotabesi is lymphatic filariasis
caused by Brugia malayi, an infection in the
evening related to the behaviour of
mosquitoes acting as vectors. Key words :
Brugia malayi, Lymphatic filariasis, Periodisity,
Mansonia
uniformis.
ID: 138
21. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEX,
NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY, AND NUTRITION INTAKES
WITH PHYSICAL FITNESS STATUS OF
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
KEBUMEN DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA
PROVINCE, INDONESIA 2011
Eskaning Pawestri, dr. H. Engkus Kusdinar
Achmad, MPH
PUSKA FKM UI
Many researches showed concern regarding
physical fitness condition among Indonesian
people. The concern is related to the fact that
low physical fitness status leads to adverse
effects for health, such as cardiovascular
diseases. This research is aimed to analyze the
relation between sex, nutritional status,
physical activity, and nutrition intakes with
physical fitness status. The study applied
cross-sectional design. A total of 293 students
(adolescent aged 15â€“18 years old) from
Kebumen District, Central Java Province,
Indonesia were enrolled in the study. Physical
fitness was measured using by Indonesian
Physical Fitness Test for Adolescent 16-19
Years (Indonesian terms: Test Kesegaran
Jasmani Indonesia untuk Remaja Usia 16-19
Tahun/TKJI). Components of the test are
sprint (60 m), pull up (60 s), sit up (60 s),
vertical jump, and running (1000-1200 m).
Moreover, nutritional status variable was
measured by percent of body fat and
BMI/Year. Meanwhile, sex, nutrition intakes,
and physical activity variables were measured
by using questionnaire. The study showed
that 58.7% respondents were identified as
having low physical fitness status. The
variables having statistically significant
association with physical fitness status are
sex, nutritional status (BMI/Year and percent
of body fat), physical activity (exercise), intake
of macronutrient (fat) and micronutrient
(vitamin C). The result also showed that
menâ€™s physical fitness status is higher than
womenâ€™s. Based on food recall 24 hoursquestionnaires, most of students have low
mineral and micronutrient intake. The author
suggests that District Education, Youth, and
Exercise Office makes a curriculum which
obligate schools to conduct fitness test twice
ABSTRACT BOOK
a year in order to monitor student physical
fitness status. Moreover schools should
provide more variety of food at cafeteria,
particularly vegetables and fruits. These are
essential in fulfilling micronutrient intake for
student. Furthermore schools should support
student activities such as basketball, football,
aerobic, in purpose improving physical fitness.
ID: 140
22. THE INDICATORS OF CHEMICALLY
WATER POLLUTION MODELING (BOD)
WITH GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED
REGRESSION
Ronny Koesnariyanto
BBTKLPP Surabaya
The Indicators of Chemically Water Pollution
Modeling
(BOD)
With
Geographically
Weighted Regression Background. Spatial
data is measurement data of location
information. On spatial data, an observation
in a location frequently depends on
neighboring
locations.
Objectives.
To
overcome the problem of spatial data, the
statistical method that will be used is
Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR),
namely a model that uses geographical factors
as a predictor variable that can affect
response variables. Result. The indicators of
body water pollution of water river of BOD
values from rivers in Surabaya is closely
related to location or position of the river
point because each river has the
characteristics of a river network such as
width of a river, depth of a river, river flow
rate, stream flow, and temperature of a river
that are different from one another. The
analysis to know the significant on BOD values
and to get the best model is done with the
analysis of GWR regression by using weighting
kernel bisquare functions. The application of
GWR model on the data of BOD values of
rivers in Surabaya shows geographical factors
or spatial variations that influence
significantly. In other words, there is a
significant difference between OLS and GWR
models. Based on significant variables, rivers
in Surabaya can be grouped into eight river
groups that have the similar characteristics.
The GWR model produces R2 value of 90,90%
that tends to be larger, and SSE tends to be
smaller with the value 30,78961 compares to
OLS model with the R2 value = 69,91% and
SSE 101,85050. Conclusions. In short, the
modeling study of the water pollution
indicators is that GWR model is better and
appropriate to be used in the real world than
OLS model. Keywords : BOD values, Spatial,
Ordinary Least Square, Geographically
Weighted
Regression.
ID: 149
23. SEA CUCUMBER CRACKERS, NUTRITIOUS
SNACKS THAT ARE SAFE FOR
CONSUMPTION AND CAN COPE WITH
CONSTIPATION
Tutik Wahyuni, Sunarto, Sri Noor
Mintarsih
Lecturer Department of Nutrition, Ministry
of Health Polytechnic Semarang,
Indonesia
Backgrounds: Sea cucumbers crackers are
processed of the sea cucumber. Criteria sea
cucumbers crackers are the colors: dark
brown, texture: crispy (like crackers
â€œrambakâ€•), flavors: savory and aroma: a
little fishy. Sea cucumber extrac processed by
the drug industry in the form of capsules or
jelly. For example brand: Gold-G, Gamat's and
Gama Fit, which can cure various diseases.
Sea cucumbers crackers are also beneficial for
cope constipation. This is evidenced by the
Nutrition Department staff of ten people /
family, who after consumptions can cope
constipation. Objective: To find the dose of
sea cucumber crackers that can cope
constipation and determine levels of
nutrients, fiber as well as mercury sea
cucumber crackers. Method: Design: A quasiexperimental study. Subjects: The new
student Health Polytechnic 2011/2012
Semarang, which are grouped into 3 dose
groups: 15, 30 and 45 g. Inclusion criteria:
willing to follow the research, defecation
constipation, not allergies are sea fish, not the
cure constipation, no diarrhea, no fasting.
Exclusion criteria: resignation, illness, suffered
complications after research, crackers
consumed when not constipated. Defecation
event before and after consumption of
crackers, given feces type based on the
standard scale "Bristol Stool Scale". Results of
analysis of nutrients and fiber is descriptive
analyzed by comparing other similar food.
Levels of mercury, compared to standard
health safety limit (500 ppb). Statistical tests:
Fisher's Exact test at Î± = 0.05. Results: The
prevalence of constipation: 19.4%, with the
old constipation 1 s/d 7 days. After research,
the group that consumed the crackers dose:
5-15 g; 22.5 to 30 g and 37.5 to 45 g. Dose
group was able to overcome constipation on
+1 day, respectively: 84.4%, 82.6% and 87.5%.
Statistical tests showed the influence of sea
cucumber crackers consumption at various
doses on the incidence defication on one day
after, at the second day and the third day,
with a value of p and C respectively: p = 0.014
& C = 0.423, p = 0.015 & C = 0.399 and p =
0.021 & C = 0.381. Sea cucumber crackers
contain more nutrients than prawn crackers,
â€œkrupuk ACIâ€• and â€œrambakâ€•.
Mercury levels: 11.5 ppb (<500 ppb), so it is
safe for consumption. Conclusion: Sea
cucumber crackers is a nutritious snack and
safe for consumption, and can cope with
constipation to 84.4% at doses of 15 g.
Keywords: Sea cucumber crackers, the
prevalence of constipation, nutrients, fiber,
mercury.
students.
ID: 151
24. NUTRITIOUS RICE, PROPERLY AND
SAFELY CONSUMED PRESERVED IN
MAGIC- COM FOR 24 HOURS
Tutik Wahyuni, Sri Noor Mintarsih,
Kustiono
Lecturer Department of Nutrition, Ministry
of Health Polytechnic Semarang,
Indonesia
Background : Processed the food with that are
less good heating, after storage will change
the color, flavor and texture was slimy
unwanted, due to the growth of microbes
thermofilik (Supardi, 1999). In general, people
added lemon juice , so the rice stays white
color (not yellow) and the taste has not
changed. Objective: The aim of the study was
to understand the influence of natural acids
added and preservation length of time to total
bacteria, organoleptic test and protein and
vitamin C concentration of cooked and
preserved rice inside the Magic-Com. Method:
The study design was factorial nested
(different time series experiment). Rice used
was of Delanggu variety, given 3 treatments,
i.e. without any acid as control, + lemon , +
bilimbi. Acid concentration given was 2.5% .
The rice were cooked and kept inside the
Magic Com for 0 hours (control), 6 , 12 , 18
and 24 hours. To Analyze total bacteria , Total
Plate Count method was used . Organoleptic
test was done , limited to 3 expert panelists.
Protein measured by Kjeldahl , while Vitamin
C concentration by Iodometric methods.
ANOVA was used to test the influence of
treatments to total bacterial ( Î± = 0.01),
continued by Duncan's . Organoleptic test was
ABSTRACT BOOK
analyzed using Hedonic quality test.
Dependent t-test was used to see the
defference of protein and vitamin C kept in 0
and 24 hours (Î± = 0.01). Results: Organoleptic
test : the color of rice preserved to 24 hours
was white in rice+Lemon, while in rice+bilimbi
and control , they become yellowish-white .
The smell were rotten in control and
rice+lemon, while no smell in rice+bilimbi. The
tekstur was good in rice+ bilimbi , but watery
and lumpy in control and rice+lemon. . The
taste was insipidous. Total bacteria after 24
hours preservation on rice in control 2.83
x106, which was greater than in rice+lemon
(8.74 x 105) and rice+bilimbi (6.39 x105 ).
Natural
acid
supplementation
and
preservation time gave influence to total
bacteria growth (p = 0.003). No difference
between concentration of protein and vitamin
C of 0 and 24 hours preservation found in
rice+bilimbi.. Conclusion: Rice would become
nutritious, properly and safely up to 24 hours
preserved in Magic-Com , if it cooked with
addition of bilimbi. Keywords : Rice, Protein,
Vitamin C, Organoleptic Test, Total Bacteria.
ID: 152
25. TYPE OF TREATMENT OBSERVERS AND
THEIR INFLUENCE IN TUBERCULOSIS
TREATMENT IN MAJALENGKA DISTRICT,
WEST JAVA PROVINCE
Noor Edi W Sukoco, Puti Sari H
Pusat Humaniora, Kebijakan Kesehatan
dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (Pusat 4)
Background. Tuberculosis (Tb) causes death
and prolonged suffering for millions of men,
women and children in many parts of the
world. There is an increasing number of new
cases of Tb occur every year worldwide
including in Indonesia. One of the problem
cause is the drop out from treatment because
many patients receiving self-administered
treatment will not adhere to treatment. WHO
recommended a strategy to control Tb (DOTs)
that involves â€œtreatment observerâ€•
(PMO) to supervise patients in swallowing
tablets. Objectives. To identify the types of
treatment observers (PMOs) in treatment of
TB for improving the quality of patientâ€™s
compliance in developing an effective
program to reduce tuberculosis rate in
Majalengka District. Methods. This study
design was exploratory with a qualitative
approach. Majalengka district was chosen as a
study area since it was ranked as an area
where having the second highest percentage
of smear-positive pulmonary TB patients in
2000. Information was obtained from
treatment observers (PMOs), Tb patients, Tb
health provider in subdistrict health center,
the head of health center and Tb health
control program officer (Wasor) in district
health office. Results. This study showed that
patients admitted that having PMOâ€™s
assisted them to be more compliant and
reduced the risk of boredom likely to be
encountered during treatment. Treatment
observers came from family members were
highly motivated to encourage patients to
comply treatment and always available,
whereas PMOs from health center had better
knowledge about Tb but were less available to
the patients. Conclusion. The most important
criteria of selection PMO is to choose PMOs
who have a close relationship with patients.
This can be patientâ€™s family member or a
combination of a family member and a
voluntary health cadre or health provider. It is
recommended to give an incentive to PMOs
for their time and costs and enable them to
carry out their duties better. Training should
be given to family members as a PMO, and
not limited to cadres and health workers only.
ID: 157
ID: 159
26. UNDERSTANDING INFANT MORTALITY
27. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK
IN JEMBER REGENCY
Dwi Martiana Wati , Thohirun, Ludfia
Hermin
Public Health Faculty Of Jember University
Background: Infant mortality is an important
indicator to assess the level of community
health status, even the welfare of the country.
In 2009, infant mortality in Jember Regency
was 58 per 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is
caused by endogenous and exogenous
factors, which the endogenous factors were
brought during pregnancy. Meanwhile, the
exogenous factors related to external
environment whose effects may be indirect
because of having to go through a particular
biological mechanism that causes a risk of
death. Objective: The aims of this research
was to analyze the endogenous and
exogenous factors related to infant mortality
in Jember Regency. Method: The research was
conducted in 5 districts in Jember, named
Sumbersari, Kalisat, Panti, Mayang, and
Kencong on January 2011. The method used
here was path analysis to cover the indirect
effects of exogenous factors to the infant
mortality. Result: The significant factors of the
result of this research were the level of
knowledge of the mother, antenatal care,
infant morbidity, and birth weight.
Conclusion: Gaining the effectiveness of
antenatal
care
by
communication,
information, and education (known as KIE) to
the mother before planning of pregnancy and
during pregnancy could reduce the infant
mortality rate in Jember regency, even in
Indonesia. Key words: infant mortality,
indirect
effects,
path
analysis
ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINE
SANITATION RISK AREA IN JEMBER
DISTRICT IN SUPPORTING MILLENNIUM
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Khoiron
Faculty of Public Health, Jember University
Backgrounds : Sanitation generally refers to
the provision of facilities and services for the
safe disposal of urine and feces. Inadequate
sanitation is the major cause of disease
throughout the world and sanitation is known
to have a positive impact on health both
within the household and in society in
general. The word 'sanitation' also refers to
the ability to maintain hygienic conditions,
through garbage collection and disposal of
wastewater services. One purpose of
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is
Inaccessibility
of
sanitation
services.
Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA)
is a district-level participative survey aimed to
determine the condition of sanitation
infrastructure, health / hygiene, as well as the
behavior of the community that can be
utilized for the development of sanitation and
advocacy programs at the district level to the
village. Objective : This study aimed to
determine the sanitation risk area in Jember.
Methods : Number of samples in the study of
EHRA is 2000 respondents spread in 50
villages in 7 sub-districts, divided into 3
clusters. Sampling is done by cluster random
sampling system. Results : The results showed
that risk areas affected by these factors: 1)
Household Waste Management, 2) Domestic
Wastewater Disposal, 3) Environmental
Drainage Around The House and Flooding, 4)
Water Resources, 5) Hygiene Behavior, 6)
Diarrhea Cases. Conclusions : There are 7
ABSTRACT BOOK
villages at very high risk, 14 villages at high
risk, 27 villages at moderate risk, and 2
villages are not at risk. Key words : EHRA,
sanitation,
risk
area,
MDGs
ID: 164
28. DETERMINANT OF STROKE DISEASE IN
THE KEBON KALAPA COMMUNITY OF
BOGOR(Baseline on Cohort Study of Non
Communicable Disesases Risk Factors,
2011)
Woro riyadina, Woro Riyadina, Anna
Maria Sirait, Marice Sihombing, Ratih
Oemiati, Sulistyowati Tuminah
Pusat Teknologi Intervensi Kesehatan
Stroke disease is the leading factor cause of
death and chronic disability in the age group
most over the age of 45 years in Indonesia.
The aim of this study to identify the major
determinant of stroke disease in community
in Kebon Kalapa village of Bogor. The study
was a deep analyses conducted 1912
respondents base on the subset of baseline
data â€œCohor study of Non Communicable
Diseases Risk Factors.â€• Data were collected
by questionnaire interviews on community
resident to remain in the Kebon Kalapa
village, central district of Bogor in 2012.
Stroke were diagnosed by anamnesis and
neurological examination by a neurolog.
Independent
variables
included
sociodemographic characteristics, health
status and risk behavior. Data were analyzed
with multiple logistic regression test. Stroke
disease was found in 49 people (2.6%). The
main determinant of stroke include
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary
heart disease and low economic status.
Hypertension has stroke risk 4 times [odds
ratio adjustments (ORA) = 4.20, 95% CI =
2.20n to â€“ 8.03], coronary heart disesase
(CHD has 2 times the risk [odds ratio
adjustments (ORA) = 2.74,1.51 to 4.99]
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has nearly three times
the risk [odds ratio adjustments (ORA) = 2.89,
95% CI = 1.47 to 5.64] and low economic
status of nearly 2 times the risk [odds ratio
adjustments (ORA) = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.03 to
3.33] suffered a stroke disease. Prevention
stroke disesase should be done by increasing
education (campaign) through the control of
major risk factors of hypertension and
prevention of other degenerative diseases are
CHD and DM. Keywords: determinants, risk
factors,
stroke,
Bogor
ID: 171
29. COST OF MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM IN
PRIMARY LEVEL: DEMONSTRATION OF
COST STUDY IN ACEH
Sri Idaiani
Background. Aceh is the only province in
Indonesia that has been implementing
community mental health programs. since
recovery from tsunami .The program was held
by the Aceh government in all districts and
cities. The aim of this analysis is to provide
information on the cost of mental health
programs implemented by the community
health centre (CHC). With this result, local
governments are expected to allocate the cost
of a mental health program in accordance
with the current situation. Method: This study
is a further analysis of the data Health Facility
Research or Riset Fasilitas Kesehatan
(Rifaskes) 2011. Cost calculation performed
on a CHC in Aceh Besar district (KM) with the
consideration of the location which is located
23 km from the provincial capital, it is
estimated that the program runs smoothly.
We conducted cost analysis of mental health
program in the CHC with assessment
component of the cost such as investment,
maintenance, operations. Activity Based
Costing was used to identifies cost sources.
Results Total cost of mental health program
without drug is Rp 131,379,585. Unit cost for
a mental disorder patient is Rp 1,799,720. The
highest cost comes from the cost of the inside
activities, there is Rp 62,390,425 (47.5% of the
total cost of the program) followed by outside
activities cost Rp 22,684,465 (17.3% of the
total cost of the program). Cost of setting up
program is Rp 46,304,694. Conclusion. The
unit cost per mental health patient found in
this study is higher than calculation of
previous studies, although there are several
different components that are assessed. The
results of this study may be a reference to
allocate mental health costs. Cost for training
the team when program was set up can be
considered to conduct refresh training for
improving community-based mental health
services by community health centers.
Keywords: mental health program, cost,
Rifaskes
2011.
ID: 173
30. INFLUENZA CASES FROM SURVEILLANCE
ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION , 2011
Krisna N A Pangesti, Krisna N. A Pangesti,
Ni Ketut Susilarini, Hana Apsari P, Vivi
Setiawaty
Pusat Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Introduction Severe Acute Respiratory
Infection (SARI) or Pneumonia is an acute
infectious process in the lung tissue (alveolar
or interstitial tissue) with clinical symptoms of
fever and cough accompanied by symptoms
such as shortness of breath/ difficulty of
breathing, infiltrates in the lung showed by
Chest X-Ray. With funding from the CDC and
DIPA, Center for Biomedical and Basic
Technology of Health (CBBTH) â€“ NIHRD
carried out sentinel surveillance SARI at 10
hospitals in 10 provinces in 2011. SARI has a
major contribution in the morbidity and
mortality, however, so far Indonesia still has
no epidemiological an pattern of bacterial and
viral etiology data of SARI cases Methodology
Every patient who meets the criteria of SARI
will be included in this study. Serum and
throat swab / nasal swab were taken and
examined at the laboratory CBBTH to figure
out both viral and bacterial etiology. RT-PCR
test was used to detect influenza virus in
specimens, not only the type of Influenza but
also the subtype. Specimens which positive
influenza by RT-PCR then cultured in MDCK
cells. Results In 2011, nine sentinel hospitals
were active participate. The total number of
SARI cases was 400.We found 5 % specimens
were positive influenza through RT-PCR
examination. The proportion of Influenza A
was 4 % and influenza B 2% from total
influenza cases. We detected that seasonal
influenza subtype A/H1N1pdm 2009 and
A/H3N2 were circulated in Indonesia.
Conclusion SARI surveillance can be used as
tool to detect influenza virus circulating in
Indonesia, especially from hospitalized
patients and also if there is new influenza
strain that potentially caused pandemic. It is
important to consider sentinel system of SARI
surveillance in the limited resources situation
as in Indonesia. Keywords: Influenza, SARI,
surveillance
ID: 178
31. THE ASSOCIATION OF JAK2 V617F
MUTATION AND CLINICAL SEVERITY OF
PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOMENEGATIVE MYELOPROLIFERATIVE
ABSTRACT BOOK
NEOPLASMS PATIENTS
Fanti Saktini, Santosa, Puspita K. Dewi,
Sultana MH Faradz
Medical Faculty Diponegoro University
Bacground:
Chronic
myeloproliferative
disorders are clonal stem cell disease which is
characterized by proliferation of one or more
myeloid cell lines in the bone marrow and by
the increase of mature and imature cells in
the peripheral blood. William Damashek in
1951 introduced the term myeloproliferative
neoplasm (MPN) to designate Polycythemia
Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET),
Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF) dan Chronic
Myeloid Leukemia (CML). JAK2 V617F is the
most frequent mutation in MPN with negative
Philadelphia chromosome. The mutation
occurs in ~95% PV, ~50% TE and ~65% PMF
cases. JAK2 V617F is associated with
thrombotic risk factors in PV and ET patients,
pruritus in PV, splenomegali, and leukemic
transformation in PMF. The study aims to
know the correlation between JAK2 V617F
mutation and clinical severity in MPN patients
with negative Philadelphia chromosome.
Methods: Subjects were recruited through
consecutive sampling in RSUP Dr. Kariadi
Semarang. Clinical data and hematologic
parameters were obtained by anamnesis and
medical records abstraction. Cytogenetic
testing was done from bone marrow to detect
Philadelphia chromosome. DNA was extracted
from blood and analyzed using Amplification
Refractory Mutation System polymerase chain
reaction (ARMS-PCR) to identify JAK2 V617F
mutation. Results: Diagnosis distribution were
5 (26,3%) PV, 11 (57,9%) ET, 1 (5,3%) PMF,
dan 2 (10,5%) unspecified MPN. All 19
subjects were negative for Philadelphia
chromosome. Fourteen (73,68%) out of 19
cases were positive for JAK2 V617F mutation.
Subjectsâ€™ characteristics (age, sex, and
mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrite,
leukocyte, and thrombocyte) were not
significantly different in patients with and
without mutation. Both groups were not
different according to the degree of
hemoglobin, hematocrite, thrombocyte,
leukocyte, frequency of phlebotomy, history
of thrombosis, degree of spleen size, liver size,
anemia, history of bleeding, frequency of PRC
transfusion. Nineteen non-MPN subjects that
are matched by sex and age were negative for
the mutation. Conclusion: High frequency
(73,68%) of JAK2 V617F mutation were found
in MPN patients with negative Philadelphia
chromosome. JAK2 V617F mutation was less
likely correlated with severity of MPN
patients. Keywords: ARMS-PCR, biomarker,
Jak2 V617F, myelofibrosis primer, negative
Philadelphia
chromosome,
neoplasma
myeloproliferatif,
polisitemia
vera,
trombositemia
esensial.
ID: 184
32. LESS VEGETABLES AND NUTS-SEEDSPEAS CONSUMPTION ARE ASSOCIATED
WITH HIGH LEVEL OF LIPID
PEROXIDATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
MELLITUS
Nazarina Nazarina, Dr. Reviana, Yunita
Dianasari
Less Vegetables and Nuts-Seeds-Peas
Consumption are Associated with High Level
of Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus ABSTRACT Background. Diabetic is
associated with the risk of having lipid
peroxidation causing macro and micro
vascular diseases. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is
a mutagen product of lipid peroxidation.
Objective. This researchh was to identify some
factors, associated to Plasma MDA (P-MDA)
level in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods.
Eighty two respondents were recruited by
purposive sampling. Respondents were
members of Persadia, physical training club
for diabetic at Mardjoeki Mahdi Hospital in
Bogor. Data of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds
and legumes consumption were collected by
interviewing using semi quantitative food
frequency questionnaires. Fasting blood
glucose and plasma MDA were assayed using
spectrophotometry method. Other data such
as physical training, smoking status, and
diseases history were collected by
interviewing using structured questionnaires.
Nutritional status data was as Body Mass
Index. All data was analyzed using Odds Ratio
(OR) and logistic regression test to identify the
dominant factors, contributed to MDA-P level.
Results. Factors that contribute to Plasma
MDA level is vegetables and nuts-seedslegumes consumption and physical trainning.
Consuming vegetables less than 300 g/d and
nuts-seeds-legumes less than 2,5 porsion/d
are associated significantly with having high
level of Plasma MDA (â‰¥0.8 nmol/L),
respectively OR:5 (95% CI: 1,154 ; 22,02) and
OR:4,8 (1,26 ; 18.57). Not having physical
activity routinely is risk for having high level PMDA (OR:1,3, 95%CI: 1,12 ; 1,45). Those
factors are contributed to MDA-P level
independently.
Discussion.
Although
vegetables
and
nuts-seeds-legumes
consumption have significant contribution to
P-MDA level, it is important to know further
which type and chemical content in those
food that can prevent lipid peroxidation. Key
Words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, MDAPlasma, vegetables, nuts-seeds-legumes,
physical
training
ID: 186
33. KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DEMAM
BERDARAH DENGUE KLINIS DAN DBD
KONFIRMASI SEROLOGI DI LIMA RSUD
JAKARTA
Rossa Avrina, Emiliana Tjitra, M.Karyana,
Siti Nur Hasanah
Latar belakang: Diagnosis demam berdarah
dengue (DBD) di Indonesia umumnya hanya
berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan darah rutin
hematokrit dan trombosit (DBD klinis).
Seharusnya, diagnosis DBD berdasarkan
pemeriksaan serologi (IgG, IgM) atau deteksi
antigen NS1. Di Jakarta, kasus DBD cenderung
meningkat. Oleh karena itu perlu diketahui
penyebaran dan karakteristik penderita di
beberapa wilayah DKI Jakarta. Tujuan:
mengidentifikasi musim dan karakteristik
penderita DBD Metode: Penelitian ini
merupakan
penelitian
retrospektif
menggunakan data rekam medis 2010 di lima
RSUD Jakarta. Kasus DBD dikelompokkan
menjadi DBD klinis yaitu berdasarkan klinis
dan laboratorium darah rutin dan DBD
konfirmasi serologi (IgG dan IgM atau NS1).
Data yang dianalisis meliputi data individual
(umur dan jenis kelamin), bulan rawatan, data
penyakit
(manifestasi
klinis,
hasil
laboratorium, komplikasi). Data dianalisis
secara deskriptif dengan program SPSS 17 for
windows. Hasil: Jumlah data rekam medik
yang dikumpulkan sebanyak 425, terdiri dari
244 penderita DBD klinis dan 181 penderita
DBD konfirmasi serologi ( dua kasus
diantaranya juga diperiksa NS1). RSUD
Cengkareng paling banyak mendiagnosis DBD
klinis (79,3%), sedangkan RSUD Tarakan
mendiagnosis penderita 100% berdasarkan
konfirmasi serologi. DBD klinis paling banyak
terjadi pada bulan Februari (82,1%). DBD
konfirmasi serologi terbanyak pada bulan
Agustus (59,5%). Jumlah penderita DBD
ABSTRACT BOOK
antara laki-laki dan perempuan serta anakanak (<15 tahun) dan dewasa â‰¥15 tahun
hampir sama. Penderita DBD klinis memiliki
rata-rata kadar hematokrit 40,5%, median
jumlah leukosit adalah 3600/mmÂ³ dan
median jumlah trombosit 64.000/mmÂ³,
sedangkan gejala klinis yang banyak
dikeluhkan adalah demam (79,5%). Korelasi
trombositopenia (<100.000/mmÂ³) dengan
perdarahan
pada
kasus
DBD
klinis
berhubungan erat (r=-0,979). Komplikasi
terbanyak pada penderita adalah efusi pleura
(2%). Penderita DBD konfirmasi serologi
memiliki rata-rata kadar hematokrit 41,8%,
median jumlah leukosit adalah 3920/mmÂ³
dan median jumlah trombosit 80.000/mmÂ³,
sedangkan gejala klinis yang banyak
dikeluhkan adalah mual (73,5%). Korelasi
trombositopenia (<100.000/mmÂ³) dengan
perdarahan berhubungan erat (r=-0,990).
Sebagian besar komplikasi penderita DBD
konfirmasi serologi adalah juga efusi pleura
(9,4%). Kesimpulan: Di beberapa RSUD
Jakarta, sebagian besar kasus DBD didiagnosis
klinis. Distribusi penderita DBD klinis dan DBD
konfirmasi serologi hampir sama jumlahnya
berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin.
Penyebaran kasus DBD tidak tergantung pada
musim. Perdarahan dengan jumlah trombosit
berhubungan erat baik pada kasus DBD klinis
maupun DBD konfirmasi serologi. Gejala
terbanyak yang ditemukan pada penderita
DBD klinis adalah demam sedangkan pada
penderita DBD konfirmasi serologis adalah
mual
ID: 190
34. KARAKTERISTIK DAN LAMA
PERAWATAN PENDERITA HUMAN
IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS / ACQUIRED
IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
(HIV/AIDS) DEWASA DI RSPI SULIANTI
SAROSO
Heni Kismayawati, Aris Yulianto, Arga
Yudhistira
Latar Belakang : Informasi mengenai
karakteristik penderita HIV/AIDS rawat inap
dan panduan untuk memprediksi lama
perawatan inap penderita HIV/AIDS masih
terbatas. Sementara itu, penderita yang
dirawat inap dalam waktu lama akan
menghadapi
risiko
timbulnya
infeksi
nosokomial. Besarnya biaya yang dikeluarkan
juga akan memperberat beban ekonomi
penderita. Tujuan : Menilai hubungan
karakteristik penderita HIV/AIDS dewasa
dengan lama waktu perawatan inap. Metode :
Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Data
diambil dari rekam medis penderita rawat
inap dewasa di Instalasi Rekam Medik RSPI
Sulianti Saroso, Jakarta dari tahun 2009 2011. Sampel diambil secara purposive,
meliputi aspek sosioekonomi (usia, jenis
kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, jenis pekerjaan),
faktor risiko penderita, stadium penyakit,
infeksi oportunistik yang diderita, jumlah
limfosit CD4, riwayat pengobatan ARV dan
lama waktu perawatan inap penderita
HIV/AIDS. Hubungan karakteristik penderita
dengan lama perawatan inap akan dinilai
dengan analisis bivariat menggunakan
program SPSS. Hasil : Dari 289 rekam medis
penderita HIV/AIDS dewasa diperoleh data
bahwa 46% penderita HIV/AIDS adalah
dewasa muda berusia 20-29 tahun, 78,3%
adalah penderita laki-laki, dan 47,1% adalah
pengguna jarum suntik. Sebanyak 40,8%
pasien berobat pada stadium lanjut terutama
stadium 3 (28%), 86,8% dengan jumlah CD4
rendah < 350 sel/mm3 dimana 83% penderita
dengan CD4 < 200 sel/mm3. Hanya 29,1%
penderita yang pernah menjalani pengobatan
ARV. Lebih dari separuh (61,6%) penderita,
mengalami infeksi oportunistik (IO) lebih dari
satu, dengan lima yang tersering adalah
kandidiasis mulut (69,9%), TBC (67,8%),
Toxoplasma cerebral (28%), Kriptokokus (1%)
dan CMV (0,7%). Dari analisis bivariat, subyek
yang menderita IO lebih dari satu, mempunyai
risiko 2 kali menjalani perawatan lebih lama
dari 11 hari (OR= 2,8; 95% CI: 1,7-4,6;
p=0,000). Penderita berusia sampai diatas 30
tahun juga berisiko 1,7 kali (OR=1,7; 95% CI:
1,0-2,7; p=0,029) dirawat lebih lama. Semakin
berat stadium, lebih lama juga perawatan
inap penderita (OR=1,1; 95% CI: 0,1-17,5;
p=0,962). Sama halnya pada pasien yang tidak
pernah diterapi ARV (OR=1,1; 95% CI: 0,6-1,8;
p=0,767). Sedangkan jumlah CD4 >= 200
sel/mm3 dapat mengurangi waktu perawatan
inap 3 kali (OR=0,3; 95% CI: 1,1-1,13;
p=0,078). Kesimpulan : Karakteristik penderita
yang berhubungan dengan lama waktu
perawatan inap penderita HIV/AIDS dewasa
adalah usia dan banyaknya IO yang diderita.
Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, HIV/AIDS dewasa,
lama
rawat
inap.
ID: 194
35. CAUSE OF DEATH AND CHALLENGES
FACED BY ELDERLY CAUSE OF DEATH
AND CHALLENGES FACED BY ELDERLY
POPULATION IN INDONESIA ACCORDING
TO 2007 BASELINE HEALTH RESEARCH
Sarimawar Djaja
Indonesia's elderly population continues to
increase approximately 3 million every 10
years, in 2010 there were 18 million, was 7.59
percent of the total population. Analysis of
cause of death in elderly from the Baseline
Health Research 2007 is expected to give an
idea of the cause of death aged 55 years and
above and the challenges faced in Indonesia.
Baseline Health Research 2007 using crosssectional method for the death over a period
of one year before the survey in selected
households. The sample was using a Susenas
core sample and or module that include
258,366 HH, taken with a Probability
Proportional to Size (PPS). The cause of death
data was collected by quesioner using verbal
autopsy technique and was classified
according to ICD 10. The first rank of cause of
death was the circulatory system, followed by
infection, respiratory system, digestive,
musculoskeletal,
endocrine,
neoplasm,
accidents/injuries. The cause of deaths
proportion of the circulatory system and
endocrine were greater in urban than in rural
areas, while deaths due to infectious diseases,
respiratory system, and digestive were
greater in rural than in urban areas. The
infectious diseases are tuberculosis, diarrhea,
viral hepatitis, malaria. The diseases of the
circulatory system are stroke, hypertensive
heart diseases and ischemic heart disease.
Neoplasm recorded were breast cancer,
gastrointestinal, lymphoid, pharynx, lung,
brain, thyroid, nervous system, and ill defined.
The highest proportion of respiratory system
disease is bronchitis, asthma, emphysema.
The risk factors that are detected, however if
those are not prevented or treated, then in
subsequent years will develop into noncommunicable diseases and end up as the
underlying cause of death. The Ministry of
Health should already make all efforts to
improve the health status of all ages and the
maintenance of health and well-being of the
elderly. Keywords: cause of death, the elderly,
the
survey
ID: 209
36. POLA DIARE DAN TERAPINYA PADA
BALITA DI RUMAH SAKIT
ABSTRACT BOOK
Armaji Kamaludi Syarif, Syachroni, Aniska
Novita Sari, Emiliana Tjitra
Latar Belakang: Insiden diare tertinggi di
Indonesia adalah pada balita. Rumah sakit
merupakan pusat rujukan penderita diare.
Untuk mencegah komplikasi dan kematian
karena diare, program penanggulangan diare
membuat pedoman penanganan diare
berdasarkan penyebab atau jenis diare dan
beratnya
penyakit.
Oleh
sebab itu
pelaksanaan penanganan kasus diare di
rumah sakit perlu dievaluasi. Tujuan:
Menggambarkan
pola
diare
dan
penanganannya pada pasien balita di Rumah
Sakit rujukan. Metode: Penelitian ini
merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan
desain potong lintang menggunakan data
rekam medis bulan Juli 2011 sampai bulan
Agustus 2012 dari Rumah Sakit Penyakit
Infeksi Sulianti Suroso, Jakarta. Data dianalisis
secara deskriptif. Karakteristik balita dengan
diare, jenis diare dan jenis pengobatan
disajikan dalam persen menggunakan
program SPSS. Hasil: Didapatkan 213 catatan
rekam medis balita penderita diare yang ada
di rumah sakit. Dari total 213 kasus balita
dengan diare, 75,6% berumur kurang dari satu
tahun, dan 59,2% adalah laki-laki. Jenis diare
adalah sebagai berikut: 96,7% merupakan
diare akut, 37,1% diare dengan lendir atau
darah dalam tinja, dan 80,3% disertai
dehidrasi sedang, Hampir semua (96,7%)
kasus diperiksa darah rutin dan 27,8%
diantaranya mengalami leukositosis, 74,3%
diperiksa elektrolitnya dan 36.2% diantaranya
normal, Sebanyak 59,6% diberi rehidrasi oral
dan 31,0% diantaranya diberi oralit, semua
diberi cairan parenteral dan 33% diantaranya
diberi cairan Ringer Laktat, 46,9% diberi
antibiotik dan 18,5% diantaranya diberi
cefotaxime, 1,9% diberi antidiare, 93% diberi
probiotik, 93,4% diberi zinc, dan 35,7%
dirawat selama tiga hari. Kesimpulan: Diare
akut banyak terjadi di Rumah Sakit. Diare
pada balita paling banyak terjadi pada
kelompok umur kurang dari satu tahun. Terapi
cairan merupakan terapi utama untuk diare di
rumah sakit. Pemberian antibiotik pada
penderita diare akut masih tinggi, jenis
antibiotik yang terbanyak diberikan adalah
cefotaxime. Probiotik dan zinc sudah
merupakan terapi diare pada balita yang lazim
dilakukan. Secara umum standar tatalaksana
diare sudah dijalankan dengan baik di rumah
sakit. Kata kunci: diare, balita, terapi.
ID: 215
37. STREET LEVEL BUREAUCRAT
DISCRETIONTHREAT OF IMPLEMENTING
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE
Arief Priyo Nughroho
Puskesmas (Primary Health Care) can be
described as street level bureaucrat that has
important role in improving health services.
The study aimed to analyze street level
bureaucrat threat in implementing Universal
Health Coverage. We introduce Michael
Lipsky theory about street level bureaucrat to
explain why and how they take central role in
policy implementation. This case study
research
was
conducted
in
South
Krembangan, Surabaya. Observation and
secondary data analysis are the main tools to
trace the daily pattern of street level
bureaucrat discretion in implement a kind of
policy. The findings shows that there are
significant threat for implementing universal
health coverage caused by ambiguity on goals
and performance measure that usually as
street level bureaucrat, medical staff take a
safe zone for their interest. Besides that there
are human resources problem and
insufficiency of infrastructure. This two main
problem result policy discretion which usually
regularly practice by medical staff in
Puskesmas.
Conclusion.The Vitamin D may be the new
emerging nutrition problem in Indonesia
though the criteria for Vitamin D deficiency is
still debated. Key words. Vitamin D, 25OHD,
population based, criteria for vitamin D
deficiency.
ID: 217
ID: 244
38. VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AMONG
39. THE ENERGY INTAKE AND ENERGY
CHILDREN 2-12 YEARSOLD IN
INDONESIA (DEFISIENSI VITAMNIN D
PADA ANAK 2-12 TAHUN DI INDONESIA)
Basuki Budiman, Sandjaja, Fitrah
Ernawati, Victoria Valentia
Background. Vitamin D is necessary nutrient
to bone health; however prevalence of
stunted among children in Indonesia is high.
The severity vitamin D deficiency in Indonesia
has not been reported yet. Objective. A
current Vitamin D state of children 2-12 years
old in Indonesia was reported. Method. A
National population based clinical study was
conducted in 2011. Stratified random sample
technique was applied to cover 4800 children
2-12 years old. Gender and residence were
considered. About 276 children among them
were examined 25OHD as marker of vitamin D
state. The level was classified into <30 ng/mL
(deficiency);
30-39
(insufficiency);4049(sufficient) and 50 (optimal).Results. About
352991 (13%)children in Indonesia were
estimated deficiency and insufficiency in
vitamin D (<40 ng/mL 25OHD;and girls more
suffered than boys (p<0.00) especially among
5-12 years old. The older group seemed less
prevalent (p<0.00). A Different prevalent
between urban and rural was not found
(p=0.82). This feature was not stand along
with
stunted
feature
in
children.
EXPENDITURE OF PREGNANT
WOMWEN:Longitudinal study
Yuniar Rosmalina, Amalia Safitri, Fitrah
Ernawati
Background: The energy intake during
pregnancy is a factor contribute to maternal
body weight gain to ensure the growth of the
foetus. The adequte energy intake is also
needed to do their daily physical activities.
The deficiency of energy intake can influence
the nutritional status of newborn baby.
Objective: To determine energy consumption
and the energy expenditure of the mother
during pregnancy Method: The subject of the
study were 323 pregnant women who were
participated starting from 12- 16 months of
pregnancy untill the babies were born. Data
collection included nutrient intake data 2
times every month, daily phisical activities
every month dan the characteristic data of
the mothers (age, eduction level, occupation,
parity etc.). The method of energy
consumption was 24 recall, and and daily
physical activities was 24 recall method using
stuctural questioner Result: the average age
was 26.5 years old with the minimum 16 years
and maximum 45 years and the parity 0 â€“ 8.
The energy intake varies between mothers.
The energy intake were 1008 Kcals, 1108 Kcals
, 1247 Kcals, 1296 Kcals, 1298 Kcals and 1308
ABSTRACT BOOK
Kcals at 3 mo, 4 mo, 5 mo, 6 mo, 7 mo and 8
mo of pregnancy respectively. While the
energy expenditure were 2088 Kcals,2099
Kcals, 2118 Kcals, 2113 Kcals, 2138 Kcals and
2120 Kcals at same month of pregnancy.
Conclusion: The energy intake of pregnant
women increase as the age of pregnancy
increase and the balance of energy among
pregnant mother was negative. Key words:
energy intake, energy expenditure and
pregnant
women
ID: 247
40. PROFILE OF MOTHERâ€™S HEALTH AND
NUTRITIONAL STATUS DURING
PREGNANCY ON STUNTED AND LOW
BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES
early pregnancy and late pregnancy, birth
weight baby and birth height baby. The
statistical analysis used descriptive. Results:
There were 4.6 percent of babies who had low
birth weight(LBW) and stunted, 4.6 percent
had LBW and normal height, 5.7 percent had
normal birth weight and stunted, 85.1 percent
had normal birth weight and normal height.
The maternal weight, serum protein
concentration and hemoglobin concentration
of mother during pregnancy were lower in
mother who had stunted and LBW babies
compare to mother who had normal birth
weight and normal height babies. Conclusion:
Health and nutritional status of the mothers
during pregnancy affects the nutritional status
of babies. Key words; stunted, low birth
weight (LBW), pregnant women, nutritional
status.
Fitrah Ernawati, Yuniar Rosmalina, Made
Dewi Susilawati, Abas Basuni
ID: 250
Background: Nearly one-third of children in
developing world underweight or stunted.
Under nutritritionâ€™s most damaging effect
occurs during pregnancy and in the first two
years of life, therefore health and nutritional
status of mother during pregnancy is very
important. Objectives: To know the
relationship between health and nutritional
status of the mother during pregnancy with
nutritional status of new born babies.
Methods : The study design is a longitudinal
study. The samples were pregnant mother
with gestational age between 12-16 weeks
who were followed until the babies were
born. The number of samples were 261 pairs
of mother and their babies. Data collection
started from March to December 2011. Data
collection included maternal education, early
age of marriage, age at birth, maternal height,
birth spacing, blood biochemistry levels in
41. SPATIAL PATTERN OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS
SNAILS DISTRIBUTION USING REMOTE
SENSING DATA AND GEOGRAPHIC
INFORMATION SYSTEM IN LINDU SUBDISTRICT , SIGI DISTRICT,
CENTRALSULAWESI PROVINCE,
INDONESIA
Mujiyanto, Jastal, Triwibowo A Garjito
Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan P2B2
Donggala
Background. Schistosomiasis is a water borne
parasitic disease endemic in sub-tropical and
tropical areas . In Indonesia, schistosomiasis
endemic areas found only in limited areas, in
the Lindu, Napu, and Bada Plateau, Central
Sulawesi. Geographical Information system
(GIS) and remote sensing have a wide range of
applications in health. These technologies
have been applied to strengthening early
warning system especially in water borne
diseases, such Schistosomiasis. Remote
sensing (RS) systems are designed to measure
and record reflected, absorbed, or emitted
electromagnetic energy from features of the
snails habitat or foci. Objectives. This research
to analyze distribution patten of snails foci
using spatial analysis in Lindu Sub-District.
Method . In this case, application of GIS, RS
and fieldtrip data were used to define the
broad environment and landscape distribution
of snails foci. Result.This research found 111
of snail foci in Lindu Sub-district. The spatial
pattern of snails foci tend to cluster with the
Nearest Neighbor Ratio 0,21, Z Score -15,98
and p value 0,01. Conclusion. The
combination of RS data (Quickbird, Landsat
imagery, SRTM imagery, or Google Earth
application) and GIS provides a best solution
tool for monitoring snails habitat, such
breeding sites and landscape variations from
lowland to highland that are suitable to water
borne diseases. The environmental of snails
can be detected with RS data then processed
using GIS.. The results are very promising to
create
landscape
distribution
of
schistosomiasis snails map in Lindu SubDistrict, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia and view
them in three dimensional forms (3 D).
Keywords
:
spatial,
schistosomiasis,
geographic information system, Lindu Subdistrict.
ID: 257
42. APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS )
MANAGEMENT WEARING MASK AS PPE
AND MELATONIN IN LOWERING LEVELS
OF SOD, H2O2 AND TOTAL
INFLAMATORY CELLS AT LABORATORY
RATS STRAIN WISTAR EXPOSED TO COAL
DUST DAY OR NIGHT
Qomariyatus Sholihah
Lambung Mangkurat University
Background , coal mining activities have
impact to the air quality at mine site has
exceeded the threshold and cause respiratory
system disorders. Generally, coal miners work
in shift work patterns. This pattern will disrupt
circadian rhythm directly related to the
melatonin production that affect the miner's
health. Respiratory diasease that caused by
coal dust can be minimized by wearing mask
as PPE. Objectives , this study aims to know
the effect of exogenous melatonin on coal
dust exposed wistar strain rats day and night .
Methods, research carried out by dividing the
rats into 5 groups each consist of 4 rats ,
control group, exposure to coal without
melatonin, exposure with melatonin 0.5
mg/kg /day, exposure with melatonin 1 mg
/kg/day and exposure with melatonin 2 mg/kg
/day. The study was conducted in 2 phases, I
exposed during the day and stage II exposed
at night. Melatonin given for 6 days before
the time of exposure. The period of dust
exposure was 3 days of each 30 minutes.
Result , the results showed that exposure to
coal dust lead to significantly increased levels
of SOD BAL during unit/100g 125.115 55.662
Â± 38.162 Â± 161.005 and night unit/100g.
H2O2 BAL 5.510 Â± 1.002 day pg / mL and
1.777 Â± 0.636 night pg / ml. Lung
histopathology structural damage caused by
exposure to coal dust subacute indicated by
an increase in the thickness of the alveolar
wall during gram/m3 24.995 Â± 41.363 and
18.82 Â± 46.57 a night gram/m3 Conclusion ,
there is no significant difference in value to
the difference in exposure time of day or
night, which is thought to be caused by the
lack of adaptation of rats as nocturnal animal
against the natural human shifts. Exogenous
melatonin dose of 2 mg/kg bw/day
significantly proven effective as an antioxidant
against oxidative stress and lung inflammation
ABSTRACT BOOK
caused by exposure to coal dust. And wearing
PPE mask specifically made for mice was able
to inhibit the coal dust particles in the
mentioned into mice. Keywords: Exposure to
coal dust, shifts, inflammation of lung tissue,
SOD, H2O2 ,number of inflammatory cells,
exogenous
melatonin,
mask
ID: 261
Climate factors also had a positif significant
correlation with DHF incidence. This study
recommends that central and northern part of
the Kupang City have to get more attention
for DHF control activities. Children and young
age groups have to be the priority of the DHF
control program. DHF control activities have
to start around October to November to
reduce DHF transmissions before of rainy
season.
43. INSIDENSI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
(DBD) DI KOTA KUPANG, PROPINSI NTT,
1998-2007
ID: 262
44. INFEKSI TRANSOVARIAL VIRUS DENGUE
Wanti Ndoen, Irfan
PADA NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DAN
AEDES ALBOPICTUS DI KOTA KUPANG
Environmental Health Academy
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of
the main public health global problems, which
is caused by Dengue Virus (Denvir) and
transmitted by mosquito. Kupang Municipality
is one of the DHF endemic districts in NTT
Province, where DHF incidence and mortality
were higher than national standard. This
study aimed to explore the spatial and
temporal pattern, and risk factors of DHF
incidence in Kupang Municipality. It was
expected that the outcomes from this project
will be useful for the betterment of DHF
control program in order to forecast, prevent
and reduce the incidence of DHF in the
future.This study was an ecological study,
focused in 45 boroughs of four sub districts in
Kupang Municipality. This study used Excel,
Ms Word, Arcview GIS software to analysed
the research variables. The spatial pattern
shows that DHF incidence was higher around
the central and northern part of Kupang City
and not correlated with the population
density. The temporal pattern shows that DHF
incidence was correlated with the change of
season. Males and females had a similarly risk
to get DHF infection. Children and young age
have higher DHF incidence than other groups.
Wanti Ndoen, Sugeng Juwono, Siti Rahma
Umniyati
Environmental Health Academy
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of
the global public health problems. NTT
Province is one of DHF endemic province
which Kupang Municipality is an endemic DHF
area with the highest IR in this province.
Aedes sp can transmit DHF through their
biting. The understanding about its
epidemiology factors such as transovarial
infection of Dengue virus in Aedes aegypti and
Aedes albopictus is needed for predict the
incidence of DHF in the the future and for
prevention activity. Therefore, this research
aims to describe the transovarial infection of
Denvir in Aedes sp in Kupang Municipality,
NTT. This research was designed as an
observational descriptive with a cross
sectional study. The subjek of this research is
Aedes sp mosquitoes in Kupang Municipality.
Ovitraps were used to collect mosquitoes`
eggs. Furthermore, eggs were reared in the
laboratory up to F1 for Denvir examination
with ISBPC technique. Data analysis used
software Excel, and Microsoft Word. This
research found the transovarial transmission
in Aedes sp which the transovarial
transmission rate (TOT) in Ae. aegypti was
20.1%, while it was 8.3% for Ae. albopictus.
The positive transovarial transmission can be
found in both of female and male Aedes sp
which the transovarial transmission rate was
higher in female than male. The presence of
transovarial transmission of Denvir in Aedes
sp shows that both Ae. aegypti and Ae.
albopictus in Kupang Municipality can
transmit the Denvir from adult mosquitoes to
next generation and also can be as a reservoir
of Denvir. Key words: DHF, transovarial
transmission, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus
ID: 263
45. POTENCY OF QUERCETIN-3-OGLUCOSIDE (Q3G) DAN QUERCETIN4â€™-O-GLUCOSIDE (Q4G) ISOLATED
FROM MIMBA LEAVES (Azadirachta
indica A.Juss) TO THE GLUCOSE UPTAKE
OF RAT INTESTINAL MEMBRANE
Enny Rohmawaty, Vycke Yunivita KD
Pharmacology and theurapeutic
department, Faculty of Medicine,
Universitas Padjadjaran
Mimba leaves (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) used
in this study taken from Brigade Proteksi
Tanaman (BPT) Situbundo, contains active
compound quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G) and
quercetin-4â€™-O-glucoside (Q4G). These
compounds isolated using Thin Layer
Chromatography (TLC). From previous study,
Q3G and Q4G had already known could inhibit
the glucose uptake from intestinal membrane.
This study was conducted in order to know
whether the Q3G and Q4G isolated from
mimba leaves has potency in inhibit the
glucose uptake from rat intestinal membrane
(Rattus rattus norvegicus). This experimental
study employed 30 male rats, meeting the
inclusion criteria. They were divided into 5
groups (n=6). Group I is control group, only
received glucose solution 3,0 x 10-3 M. Group
II, III, IV, and V received glucose solution with
Q3G 1 mg/kgBW, Q3G 2 mg/kgBW, Q4G 1
mg/kgBW and 2 mg/kgBW. The inhibitory
potency of Q3G and Q4G to glucose uptake
was measured every 15 minutes for one hour,
using Perfusi in situ equipment designed by
Soedigdo. Data were analyzed by Oneway
Anova and Duncan test. This research showed
that Q3G 1 mg/kgBW, Q4G 1 mg/kgBW, and
Q4G 2 mg/kgBW, had significant potency in
inhibit the glucose uptake from rat intestinal
membrane (Rattus rattus norvegicus). The
study concluded that Q3G and Q4G isolated
from mimba leaves has potency in inhibit the
glucose uptake from rat intestinal membrane
(Rattus rattus novergicus). Key words: Q3G,
Q4G, mimba leaves, glucose uptake
ID: 264
46. CORRELATION OF KATG CATALYTIC
ACTIVITY WITH ISONIAZID RESISTANCE
TO A CLINICAL ISOLATE OF
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Purkan Purkan, Wiwin Retnowati
Chemistry Department/ Airlangga
University
An isoniazid resistant of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis clinical isolate (L) had mutation in
katG gene encoding catalase-peroxidase. The
research want to know the basis of INH
resistance of the isolate at the protein level.
The katG gene expression of L isolate and the
characterization of its protein had been done.
Expression of mutant dan wild type katG have
been conducted in Escherichia coli and
showed a molecular weight of 80 kDa in SDS
PAGE. The catalase activity of KatG L show
ABSTRACT BOOK
lower of 1.7 time than the value of the natural
type KatG (Kcat / KM = 8.62 x 104 M-1S-1).
Moreover the peroxidase activity also
decrease 2 time from the wild type value
(Kcat / KM = 1.99 x 105 M-1S-1). The KatG L
variant also showed a decrease in isoniazid
oxidizing activity at 2.6 time lower than the
wild type value. Decreasing of the
catalase/peroxidase of the KatG mutant is
suspected as the cause of INH resistance for
M. tuberculosis clinical isolate (L) at the
protein level. Keywords: M. tuberculosis, INH
resistance,
katG,
catalase-peroxidase
ID: 275
47. THE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT
ACTIVITIES OF DRACONTOMELON dao
EXTRACT
Nurul Hasanah, Yuniati
FK UNMUL
Background: Synthesis of new antibacterial
costly and high technology, while the plant is
a source of medicinal raw materials for
thousands of years ago. Dracontomelon dao
potential to be further investigated on the
ability of the present invention with the
antibacterial
activity
of
antioxidants.
Objective: Determine the ratio of solvent
ethanol - water is optimal for the extraction of
selected, determine the antioxidant and
antibacterial activity against the bacteria
MRSA (Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus
aureus) and E.coli, L.monocytogenes.
Determining the secondary metabolites, the
MIC (minimum inhibition concentration) and
MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration)
bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, L.monocytogenes).
Methods: The study design using the post-test
only control group design. Simplicia D.dao rod
macerated using ethanol-water solvent with
11 the comparison of 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6,
5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 , 9:1, 10:0. Then do the test
with DPPH antioxidant activity and
antibacterial activity test by disc diffusion thus
obtained with a ratio of solvent extracts of the
most optimal.After serial dilution test was
performed to determine MIC and MBC values
of the standard ATCC S.aureus bacteria, E. coli
and L. monocytogenes is so known
bacteriostatic and bactericide activity.
Bioautography assay was performed to
determine the secondary metabolites
contained in extracts of the stem D.dao.
Results : Maceration rod D. dao with a ratio of
60% ethanol-water has antibacterial activity
and antioxidant potential. One-way ANOVA
statistical test found 60% ethanol extract of
the stem D. dao significantly different when
compared with standard curcumin and
vitamin E with p <0.001. In MIC testing looks
bark extract D. dao has a MIC against MSSA
bacteria (2.2 + 1.0), MRSA (1.8 + 0.4), L.
monocytogenes (1.7 + 0.5), E. coli MDR (2.7 +
1.0) mg / mL. In MBC testing results obtained
subcultures that are not encountered bacteria
are as follows MSSA (3.3 + 1.0), MRSA (3.0 +
1.1), L. monocytogenes (2.7 + 1.0), E. coli MDR
(3.7 + 9.8) mg / mL. Secondary metabolites
with antibacterial activity in extracts stem D.
dao polyphenols found in groups and are
known to also have antioxidant activity at Rf
value = 0.78. Conclusion: Extracts of the stem
D. dao has a stronger antioxidant activity
when compared to standard antioxidant
vitamin E, but is weaker when compared with
standard curcumin, has antibacterial activity
against MRSA microbes, bacteria E. coli MDR,
and L. Monocytgenes, has antibacterial
activity that is bactericidal against MSSA
bacteria, MRSA, L. Monocytgenes and E. coli
MDR, has the secondary metabolites with
antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the
polyphenols group. Key words: D.dao,
antioxidants, MIC, MBC, bioautografi assay
ID: 276
48. EVALUATION OF PSYCHOLOGIST
PLACEMENT TO PROVIDE INTEGRATIVE
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE IN PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE (PHC) IN SLEMAN
YOGYAKARTA, 2011
Siti Isfandari, Tety Rahmawati, Selma
Siahaan, Betty Rooshermiaty, Idawaty
Abbas, Tina Afiatin, Rusdi Maslim
Objective The program was designed to bring
mental health service closer to the
community for early detection of emotional
problem and support community care
provision. The objective was to evaluate
psychologist placement in PHC in Sleman
Yogyakarta. Background As response to the
2001 WHO recommendation that mental
health treatment provision in PHC is a
fundamental step in community access to
services, faculty of Psychology Universitas
Gadjah Mada (UGM) and Sleman District
Health Office set up collaboration of
psychologist placement in several PHC in
2004. Since the word â€˜mental healthâ€™
still bore stigma, it was covered as
reproductive health service provision for
young couple to be married, but colleagues in
the PHC help to socialize the existence of
mental health service in PHC by psychologist.
The information will be used by the Ministry
of Health to decide for implementation of
such program in other places. Method
Information was obtained by focus group
discussion with directors, medical doctors,
psychologists, responsible
persons of
community health program of 8 PHCs, as well
as interviews with policy makers.. Result
Policy makers revealed that, although further
research is needed, psychologists are very
useful to provide holistic approach at person
level to complement existing services
provided by PHCs. Colleagues revealed at first
there was patient refusal to be referred to
psychologist, for fear of community stigma,
but eventually community acceptance
improved. In addition to provide community
treatment and medication monitoring,
psychologists are valuable in promoting
healthy life style. Conclusion Psychologist
placement in PHC is beneficial for mental
health treatment and health promotion.
Implementation The program could be
extended in the district with sufficient
resources.
ID: 278
49. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE
SEVERITY OF CARIES EXPERIENCE IN
THE PROVINCE OF BANGKA BELITUNG
ISLAND, INDONESIA
Ch. M. Kristantigunarso Gunarso,
Christiana Titaley
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Introduction:
Approximately
87%
of
population aged 12 years or more in the
Province of Bangka Belitung Islands,
Indonesia, had tooth decay (Ministry of
Health, 2007). This study aims to factors
associated with DMFT>8 in Bangka Belitung
Province, Indonesia. Methods: Data were
derived from a cross sectional survey, the
2010 Oral Health Care Service Model
Development in the Province of Bangka
Belitung Islands. This survey included
information
from
1152
respondents,
consisting of 288 samples aged 12 years (6th
grade of primary school), 288 aged 18 years
(3rd year of senior high school), 288 aged 3544 years, and 288 aged 60+ years. Based on
ABSTRACT BOOK
the WHO recommendation, the outcome used
was DMFT (Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth) index
of nine and above (DMFT>8). To identify
factors associated with this outcome, logistic
regression analysis was conducted. Statistical
analyses performed in this study used the
STATA/MP v10.0. Results: Our results show
that approximately 47% of population in
Bangka Belitung Island had DMFT>8. Most of
health care service received by the population
was tooth extraction (Mean Missing = 8)
compared to filling (Mean=0.5). Our study
found that factors significantly associated
with DMFT>8 were increased age, low
educational status, self treatment, and use of
non-professional services to treat any dental
problem. In contrast, it was found that regular
visit to dentist (one or more visit per year) will
significantly decrease the odds for DMFT>8
(OR=0.16, p=0.01). Conclusion: Efforts to
increase community awareness about the
importance of dental health should become a
priority. Five levels of preventions should be
conducted comprehensively, using dental
health
professional
service.
ID: 279
50. THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL LEVEL,
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL
HEALTH, AND HEALTHY LIVING
BEHAVIOR TOWARDS YOUNG (10-24
YEARS OLD) POPULATIONâ€™S HEALTH
STATUS IN CENTRAL JAKARTA
investigate the effect of educational level,
knowledge about environmental health and
healthy living behavior towards young
populationâ€™s health status. Methods: The
study was conducted towards adolescents,
male and female, among ages 10-24 years old
(n=300) from five districts in ten selected
neighborhoods in Central Jakarta and
analyzed by using Path Analysis. Results:
There
are
simultaneous
significant
contribution between educational level and
knowledge about environmental health to
healthy living behavior (18.2%). The direct
contribution rate of education level to healthy
behavior is 12.1 percent, and the direct
contribution
between
knowledge
of
environmental health to healthy behavior is
3.4 percent. There is no significance
contribution in both the level of education to
the health status and knowledge of
environmental health to the health status.
Only
healthy
behavior
have
direct
contribution to health status (58.7%).The
indirect effect of education on health status
through healthy behavior is 8.6 percent, and
the indirect effect of knowledge of
environmental health to health status through
healthy behavior is 1.99 percent. Conclusion:
There is no direct effect between the
educational level nor knowledge about
environmental health towards health status.
The direct effect is through healthy behaviors.
Keywords: knowledge about environmental
health, healthy living behavior, level of
education,
health
status
Julianty Pradono
Background: Health status is one reflection of
human resources, an important capital in the
development of a nation. Improving the
quality of human resources can increase the
productivity. The purpose of this study is to
ID: 286
51. CURE RATE OF TB TREATMENT USING
DOTS STRATEGY IN HOSPITAL
Meryani Girsang, Dr. Lia Gardenia
Partakusuma
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Background: Tuberculosis is still become the
public health problem in Indonesia. One of
the effort to control tuberculosis disease is a
strategy of DOTS (Directly Observed
Treatment Short course Chemotherapy). The
aim of this study is to analyze and compare
the cure rate of the tuberculosis patient in
two different hospital using DOTS and Non
DOTS strategy. Method: Design of the study is
Quasi-experimental with control group. Data
of the study were patients who came to the
hospital for treatment on May 2007 till May
2008 with the clinical symptom of having
cough with large amounts of purulent
sputum, out of breath, chest pain, and loss
body weight. The patient were categorized as
TB suspect based on the laboratory
examination of smear positive and lung
abscess. Result: The cure rate in the hospital
using DOTS strategy were higher compare
with the cure rate in the hospital using Non
DOTS strategy, 74.0% and 19.0% respectively.
{(95% confident interval(CI) =2.3;(1.6-3.5)}.
The cure rate of the patient who treated in
the hospital using DOTS were 1.4 fold higher
compare with the cure rate of the patient
who treated in the hospital using Non DOTS.
The proportion of recovery patient female is
higher compare with male, 30 (85.7 %) and 14
(37.7 %) respectively, Many factors which
infuent for improvement of TB patients are
drug antituberculosis such as streptomycin,
ethambutol, result of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB),
and increased of body weight is significantly
to judge whether suspect TB is cure or not
(OR =0.123; 95% CI=0.017-0.904). Conclusion.
The study conclude that the cure rate of TB
patients who received treatment using DOTS
strategy are higher than the patients who
treated with Non DOTS strategy. Key words:
Tuberculosis (TB), DOTS strategy, Hospital,
Cure
rate.
ID: 288
52. KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA,
KONSUMSI DAN STATUS GIZI KELOMPOK
RENTAN (BALITA, WANITA, LANSIA) DI
KABUPATEN PRIORITAS MASALAH
KERAWANAN PANGAN DI INDONESIA
Dr. Ir. Annis Catur Adi, M.Si ,
Unair Surabaya
writing
writing
writing
writing
writing
ID: 289
53. ANALISIS POLA MAKAN (TERKAIT
DENGAN HOMOSISTEIN) PADA REMAJA
OBESITAS DI INDONESIA
Dr.dr. Citrakesumasari, M.Kes ,
FKM Unhas Makassar
writing writing writing writing writing
ID: 290
54. PEMETAAN DAN PEMODELAN BALITA
GIZI BURUK DI JAWA TIMUR DENGAN
PENDEKATAN REGRESI SPASIAL
Mochamad Setyo, S.Si, M.Si
ABSTRACT BOOK
ID: 291
55. FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN
DENGAN KEJADIAN CACAT PADA ANAK
USIA 24 - 59 BULAN
DR. Ir. Heryudarini Harahap, M.Kes ,
writing
writing
writing
writing
writing
ID: 292
56. PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE PATH
MODELING (STUDI KASUS QUALITY
ASSURANCE RUMAH SAKIT PONEK
BERDASARKAN DATA RIFASKES 2011)
Sigit Ari Saputro, SKM ,
Unair Surabaya
writing
writing
writing
writing
writing
ID: 299
57. THE CORRELATION OF MOTHER
Birth weight is an important factor that its
impact on health will continue toward
adulthood period. The weight of 2500 g is still
being used as the cut off point to predict the
risk of babyâ€™s morbidity and mortality.
Recently birth weight of less than 3000 is
being rigorously assess as a risk factor for non
communicable
disease
in
adulthood.
Therefore, it is important to assess factors
that are affecting the fetal growth and
development. The objectives of this study is to
determine
the
relationship
between
infantâ€™s birth weight and motherâ€™s
nutritional status, i.e. pre-pregnancy weight,
weight gain during pregnancy, and maternal
Hb level in the 3rd trimester as well as several
other factor. The study design is cross
sectional using secondary data from medical
record of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Jakarta
which was measured in January 2012. The
result of chi square and correlation regression
test show there is significant relationship
between pre-pregnancy weight and weight
gain during pregnancy and birth weight. The
multiple logistic regression test reveals that
pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during
pregnancy, maternal age, and birth order are
factors that are effecting birth weight
significantly, with pre-pregnancy weight as
the dominant factor (OR=6,643). Therefore, it
is imperative to give more attention to
undernou rished women who are planning
their pregnancy Keywords : Birth Weight,
Mother Nutritional Status, 3000 g.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND OTHER
FACTORS TO INFANT’S BIRTH WEIGHT IN
BUDI KEMULIAAN HOSPITAL JAKARTA IN
JANUARY 2012
Khaula Karima, Endang L Achadi
Universitas Indonesia
Krismawati, Mardi Rahardjo, Evi Iriani
Natalia
Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Biomedis Papua
POSTER PRESENTATION
ID: 42
58. FIRST DENGUE HEMORHAGIC FEVER
OUTBREAK IN KAIMANA DISTRICT,
WEST PAPUA PROVINCE, EPIDEMIOLOGY
AND ENTOMOLOGY INVESTIGATION
Tri Nury Kridaningsih, Kridaningsih, Hana
Background : Dengue outbreak first case had
been occured in May-July in Kaimana District
West Papua. This Dengue was the first case in
Kaimana in last 50 years base on records of
West
Papua
Health
Department,
presumptively caused by transmission of
Dengue virus from infected temporer visitor
that participating one of religious event, held
by local goverment. Objectives: The porpuse
of this investigation was to study the
distribution of the DHF cases related to
patient household. Entomological survey was
intended to identified the species, breeding
habitat of suspected mosquito vectors.
Method: Interview on positives patients and
an entomology investigation were overtaken
on Juny 2012. Mosquitoes sample were
collected on resting habitat as well as human
landing collection. Larvae were collected from
water container at 25 sampling site consist of
patient household, school, and hospital.
Larvae collection was rearranged in
Entomology Laboratory. Dengue virus were
detected in mosquitoes that had been
collected from research area as well as from
rearranged mosquitoes using RT-PCR method
Lancioti primer. Result: Case report show that
the age majority of DHF cases is 6-12 (48,1%)
and dominan patients were woman (63%).
The study found one dead (3,7%) cases and 26
(96,3%) sick cases. The symptomps of DHF
patients were fever (100%), headache
(74,1%), hemorhagic (25,9%), patechiae
(100%), nausea (44,4%) and vomit (51,9%).
Result of entomology survey indicated that
Aedes agyepti had been known as dengue
main vector in most area in Indonesia were
absent, while the second vector Aedes
albopictus was present abundantly in adult
ABSTRACT BOOK
stage as well as in larvae stage that had been
collected. The mosquitoes were found more
in their resting habitat than in patientâ€™s
houses. The most abundant of the mosquitoes
was found at 13.00 in SDN Kaimana one of
MTQ event took place. The container that
contain A.albopictus larvae were unused tire,
plastic container and ceramic container. The
study from 25 sampling location indicated
that 40% Aedes albopictus breteau with
House Indek 26,6% and Container Indek
21,2%.The house index was more than 10%
mean that this area has high susceptibility in
DHF outbreak according to Ministry of Health
criteria. Key words: Dengue, Aedes albopictus,
outbreak
Pharmacopoeia Indonesia and WHO methods.
The results showed that extract of gambir in
this study contains 86.60% of catechin,
12.92% moisture content, 22.49% watersoluble extract content, 80.63% ethanolsoluble extract content, 0.81% total ash,
0.32% acid insoluble ash content and 10.38%
in dryness level. Ames mutagenicity test
utilized a colorimetric microplate in mutant
Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, Salmonella
typhimurium TA 100 and Escherichia coli WP2
uvrA with and without the addition of S-9
enzyme. From the experiment, it was showed
that there is no potentially mutagenic effect
of gambir extract. Keywords: Uncaria gambir
Roxb., Ames method, mutagenic, catechin,
HIV
ID: 45
59. UJI MUTAGENIK EKSTRAK GAMBIR
(Uncaria gambir Roxb.) SEBAGAI
KANDIDAT ANTIRETROVIRAL UNTUK
HIV
Novi Sulistyaningrum, Lina Rustanti,
Sukmayati Alegantina
ID: 50
60. THE RELATIONSHIP WITH
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION ON
DIARRHEA INCIDENCE OF DISEASE
SOCIETY COASTALAREAS VILLAGE
NAMBO ABELI DISTRICTS KENDARI CITY
Ramadhan Tosepu, Ramadhan Tosepu
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
UJI MUTAGENIK EKSTRAK GAMBIR (Uncaria
gambir
Roxb.)
SEBAGAI
KANDIDAT
ANTIRETROVIRAL UNTUK HIV ABSTRACT The
main compound of Uncaria gambir Roxb.
(gambir), catechin and itâ€™s derivates have
been believed to be potential as antiviral.
EGCG and ECG are catechin derivates which
are found to be potential as antiviral against
HIV. However, gambir extract also contains
quercetin that has possibility to be mutagenic.
Therefore, a preliminary study towards safety
of those compounds within gambir extract,
mutagenicity assay using Ames Method has
been
performed.
The
extract
was
characterized
according
to
Herbal
FKM Universitas Haluoleo
Incidence of diarrhea in Nambo village in 2008
as many as 72 patients, in 2009 as many as 97
patients, and in 2010, 104 patients. The
purpose of this study was to investigated the
relationship between the provision of clean
water, latrines, waste water management,
waste management, and personal hygiene
with diarrheal disease. The research method
used was an observational analytic Cross
Sectional Study. The samples in this study was
carried out by simple random sampling. The
results showed that the value of statistical
tests at significance level of alpha 0.05
obtained there was a significant correlation
between the management of waste water
(Ï•Value = 0.000), processing waste (Ï•Value =
0.004), personal hygiene (Ï•Value = 0.012),
with diarrhea and no there was a significant
correlation between water supply (Ï•Value =
0.160) and family latrines (Ï•Value = 0.385)
with diarrheal disease. Results analysis
showed variable mulitvariat waste water
management was a major factor with a value
of Exp (B) = 2.651 95% CI = lower limit upper
limit = 1.223 = 5.743. Keywords: Diarrhea,
environmental sanitation, coastal zone
ID: 51
61. BASELINE DATA OF STUDY COHORT OF
RISK FACTORS NCD OF CHRONIC
OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(COPD)IN CENTRAL BOGOR CITY, WEST
JAVA, INDONESIA
test, and filling the questionnaires about
respiratory symptoms, health status, and
exposure of pollutans to COPD risk factors.
There was two steps of WHO steps criteria in
Non Communicable Major disease research
standard. Based on spirometryâ€™s test had
prevalence of COPD 8.5 %, most of them men
with ageâ€™s groups in 50 â€“ 60 years old
with lower education and Sundaness ethnic
groups. According to risk factors most
respondent had smoking habits, majority
pollutan in door was stoveâ€™s smoke, out
door pollutan was vehicleâ€™s smoke and
work area pollutan was dust and chemical
componds.
ID: 53
62. PROMOSI KESEHATAN UNTUK
Ratih Oemiati Lisa Andriyani, Lisa
Andriyani
KESEJAHTERAAN: EFEKTIVITAS
INTERVENSI PENYULUHAN DAN BACAAN
PADA IBU MENYUSUI
Inge Wattimena, Elisabet Widyaning
Hapsari, M.Psi, Psi
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is a growing cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide, and accurate estimates
of the prevalence of this disease are needed
to anticipate the future burden of COPD,
target key risk factors, and plan for providing
COPD-related health services. According to
World Health Organization (WHO) estimates,
about 80 million people have moderate to
severe COPD and 3 million died of COPD in
2005, which corresponds to 5% of all deaths
globally. Total deaths due to COPD are
projected to increase by more than 30% in the
next 10 years. This was an secondary data
analysis of observasional study with cohort
prospective study to individual who had
common risk factors in non communicable
major disease. The respondents had
completed post bronchodilator spirometry
Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Katolik
Widya Mandala Surabaya
ABSTRAK Backgrounds: Air Susu Ibu (ASI)
adalah asupan alami dan Ilahi yang dahsyat.
Dalam ASI terdapat zat pertumbuhan yang
setiap hari berubah kandungan gizinya sesuai
dengan kebutuhan anak. ASI mengandung zat
kekebalan ibu yang mengalir masuk ke dalam
tubuh anak. Selain itu melalui proses
menyusui terbentuk ikatan batin ibu-anak
yang
semakin
kuat.
Kenyataan
ini
menunjukkan bahwa ASI tidak tergantikan.
Sementara itu target World Health
Organization maupun Pemerintah Indonesia
agar 80% ibu menyusui minimal 6 bulan
belum tercapai. Angka keberhasilan adalah
sekitar 30%. Objectives: Untuk mengantisipasi
ketidakberhasilan ini, perlu dilakukan usaha
ABSTRACT BOOK
Promosi Kesehatan antara lain melalui
penyuluhan dan bacaan (adalah buku ciptaan
peneliti). Studi ini meneliti efektivitas
intervensi ini. Methods: Ada dua kelompok
penelitian: I) kelompok ibu hamil yang diberi
intervensi suluh atau intervensi suluh+bacaan
(ada 76 kelompok 3-5 ibu, intervensi
dilakukan dalam tahun 2010-2011). Kelompok
ini ditelusuri kembali berdasarkan data
tercatat bahwa anak mereka yang sudah lahir,
sekarang berumur lebih dari 6 bulan. Ada 100
ibu yang terpilih, dan kepada mereka dikirim
(per surat) kuesioner yang terdiri dari 18
pernyataan dengan pilihan jawaban dan 3
pertanyaan
terbuka.
Kuesioner
yang
dikembalikan sebanyak 45. Jawaban dianalisis
secara kuantitatif (one shot case study) dan
kualitatif; II) kelompok eksperimen, terdiri
dari 30 ibu hamil dan 30 ibu pasca melahirkan
kurang dari 1 bulan. Tiap kelompok dibagi 3
sub-kelompok (a 10 orang). Masing-masing
sub-kelompok mendapat satu bentuk
intervensi, yaitu intervensi suluh, atau
intervensi
bacaan,
atau
intervensi
suluh+bacaan. Kuesioner diisi sebelum dan
sesudah intervensi (pre-post test design).
Results: a) penelitian kuantitatif I: 84% ibu
menyusui anak lebih dari 6 bulan; yang paling
efektif
berperan
adalah
intervensi
suluh+bacaan; b) penelitian kuantitatif II: ke
tiga bentuk intervensi berperan positif pada
peningkatan wawasan. Yang terkuat perannya
adalah intervensi suluh+bacaan pada ibu
pasca melahirkan; c) penelitian kualitatif: para
ibu merasa mendapat keuntungan dari
intervensi, semakin cerdas, dan termotivasi.
Perilaku positif ibu untuk bertanggung jawab
memberi ASI sebagai hak anak berakibat pada
kesejahteraan keluarga. Di pihak lain mereka
mengutarakan bahwa belum sepenuhnya tim
medis berpartisipasi dalam menggalakkan
program menyusui. Keadaan ini dapat
berakibat pada kebingungan, ketidak-tahuan,
serta kegagalan ibu mencapai target untuk
menyusui setidaknya selama 6 bulan. Para ibu
mengusulkan agar pengertian tentang ASI
juga disosialisasikan kepada keluarga serta
mereka yang berkecimpung dalam proses
kesehatan anak di awal kehidupannya.
Conclusion: Intervensi penyuluhan dan
bacaan sebagai sarana Promosi Kesehatan
dapat diimplementasikan dalam masyarakat.
Diharapkan dengan semakin gencarnya usaha
ini, semakin dimengerti dinamika ASI, dan
semakin sehat sejahtera keluarga, bangsa,
dan
negara.
ID: 56
63. THE EFFECT OF STEAMED BROCCOLI
(BRASSICA OLERASEA L VAR. ITALICA)
COMPARED WITH CAULIFLOWER
(BRASSICA OLERASEA L VAR.BOTRYTIS)
TO CLINICAL SIGN AND
HISTOPHATOLOGY OF COLON IN MICED
INDUCED BY DSS
Lusiana Darsono
Maranatha Christian University
Backgrounds: Chronic inflammation is an
important risk factor for cancers. There have
been reported that chronic inflammation
could develop carcinogenesis and Ulcerative
colitis (UC) is a predisposition for colorectal
cancer. Cruciferous vegetables such as
broccoli and cauliflower are vegetables that
could reduce risk of UC by its fitochemical
component, sulforaphane that effective as
anti-inflammation. Objectives: of this study is
to examine the effect of broccoli- and
cauliflowers-steamed in reducing clinical score
of colitis and histological feature of colon in
dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis
mice. The method of this study was
completely randomized design by comparing
1,5 g of broccoli- or cauliflower-steamed
treated mice to 2, and 5 % (w/v) DSS-treated
control group. Clinical score of diarrhea and
colon histological analysis of each group were
observed. All data were analyze using KruskalWallis H test and continue by Mann-Whitney
U test with ï•¡ = 0.05. The results showed that
broccoli and cauliflower significantly reduce
diarrhea in DSS-induced colitis mice compared
to control group (p<0, 05). No differences
could be observed between broccoli and
cauliflowers in reducing diarrhea (p=456).
Histopathological feature of proximal, medial,
and distal colon significantly different among
DSS group to negative control (p<0, 05).
Treated groupâ€™s broccoli and cauliflowersteamed significantly different compared to
negative control on proximal and medial
colon. Broccoli or cauliflower significantly
improved
medial
and
distal
colon
histopatological features compared to DSStreated mice (p<0, 05). No differences could
be observed between broccoli and
cauliflowers
in
improving
colon
histopathological features. As conclusion,
both broccoli and cauliflower steamed could
reduce diarrhea and improve histological
feature of colon in DSS-induced colitis mice,
especially medial and distal colon. Broccoli
and cauliflower steamed have no different
effect to reduce diarrhea and improve
histopathological feature of colon. Keywords:
broccoli, cauliflower, ulcerative colitis,
sulforaphane,
fitochemical,
mice
ID: 58
64. PEMANFAATAN FASILITAS KESEHATAN
DALAM PELAKSANAAN JAMINAN
KESEHATAN DAERAH DI KOTA
TARAKAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi
Pusat kebijakan Pembiayaan dan
Manajemen Asurasansi Kesehatan FK
UGM dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tarakan
Pendahuluan : Dalam sistem pelayanan
kesehatan maka pelayanan yang dilakukan
adalah dengan sistem rujukan berjenjang.
Mulai dari puskesmas dan selanjutnya baru ke
rumah sakit. Namun manakala puskesmas
yang ada kurang kuat dan kurang bermutu
maka sistem rujukan tidak akan banyak
berfungsi dan pemanfaataan puskesmas
rendah. â€œSebaliknya RS menjadi sebuah
puskesmas raksasaâ€•. Tujuan : Untuk
melihat angka pemanfataan puskesmas
sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan jaminan
kesehatan daerah di kota Tarakan. Metode :
Penelitian ini memakai metode studi kasus,
subyek penelitian adalah dokumen resmi
dinas kesehatan Hasil Penelitian : Terdapat
peningkatan angka pemanfaatan fasilitas
kesehatan khususnya puskesmas setelah
adanya pelaksanaan jaminan kesehatan
daerah. Penguatan puskesmas dalam hal
input (jenis dan jumlah tenaga serta
pembiayaan),
program
(layanan
24
jam/layanan gawat darurat) dan manajemen
mutu mempunyai pengaruh yang cukup besar
dalam meningkatkan angka pemanfaatan
puskesmas dan rumah sakit. Pelaksanaan
jaminan kesehatan daerah meningkatkan
pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan karena barier
pembiayaan tidak ada lagi. Penguatan
puskesmas dalam semua segi akan menjadi
kendali yang cukup kuat terhadap jumlah
rujukan ke rumah sakit. Kesimpulan :
Pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan dalam
pelaksanaan jamkes mengalami peningkatan
yang sangat berarti. Penguatan puskesmas
akan berpengaruh pada keberhasilan
pelaksanaan jaminan kesehatan. Saran :
Dalam pelaksanaan jamkesta 2014, penguatan
puskesmas dalam hal input, program dan
manajemen adalah penting. Kata Kunci :
Penguatan
Mutu
puskesmas,
angka
pemanfaatan puskesmas, puskesmas, jaminan
kesehatan.
ABSTRACT BOOK
ID: 60
65. BERAT LAHIR DAN KELANGSUNGAN
HIDUP NEONATAL DI INDONESIA
ANALISIS DATA SDKI 2007)
Demsa Simbolon
Politeknik Kesehatan Bengkulu
Angka
kematian
neonatal
Indonesia
menduduki peringkat ke-10 tertinggi di dunia
yang diperkirakan karena masih tingginya
kejadian bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR).
Penelitian menggunakan data SDKI 2007
dengan desain kohort retrospektif bertujuan
untuk mengetahui probabilitas kelangsungan
hidup neonatal menurut berat lahir dan
mengidentifikasi pengaruh berat lahir
terhadap kelangsungan hidup neonatal.
Sampel sebanyak 11.748 bayi dengan kriteria
inklusi yaitu bayi anak terakhir dan saat
wawancara bayi berumur minimal 28 hari,
lahir hidup, lahir tunggal, data kelahiran dan
status serta waktu kematian lengkap. Hasil
penelitian menemukan bahwa probabilitas
kumulatif kelangsungan hidup neonatal di
Indonesia adalah 98,49%. Semakin rendah
berat lahir semakin rendah probabilitas
kelangsungan hidup neonatal. 95,68% pada
neonatal dengan berat lahir rendah (20002499 gram) dan 89,83% pada neonatal berat
lahir sangat rendah (1500-1999 gram). Hasil
analisis regresi cox menunjukkan berat lahir
berinteraksi dengan paritas ibu, sehingga
pengaruh berat lahir terhadap kelangsungan
hidup neonatal tergantung pada paritas ibu
setelah dikontrol pengaruh paritas dan daerah
tempat tinggal. Bayi BBLR dari ibu paritas
multipara berisiko 2,9 kali (95% CI HR = 1,55,6) dan grandemultipara berisiko 3,9 kali
(95% CI HR = 1,9 â€“ 7,6) mengalami kematian
pada periode neonatal dibandingkan dengan
bayi lahir berat normal. Perlu upaya intervensi
untuk mencegah bayi lahir BBLR sejak dini dan
penanganan intensif pada bayi lahir BBLR.
Kata kunci: Berat lahir, Kelangsungan Hidup
Neonatal, regresi cox BIRTH WEIGHT AND
NEONATAL SURVIVAL IN INDONESIA (IDHS
DATA ANALYSIS 2007) ABSTRACK Neonatal
mortality rate of Indonesia was ranked the
10th highest in the world as predicted from
still high prevalence of low birth weight
infants (LBW). This research used of data
Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey
2007 with retrospective cohort design. The
purposes of the research is to know
probability of neonatal survival according to
birth weight and to identify effect of birth
weight on neonatal survival. The number of
sample is 11.748 infant with inclusion criteria
is last infant and the interview at least 28 days
old, alivebirth in the year 2002-2007, single
birth, complete date of birth and status and
time of death. The study found the cumulative
probability of neonatal survival in Indonesia
was 98.49%. The lower birth weight,
probability of neonatal survival also lower,
95.68% at neonatal low birth weight (20002499 gr) and 89.83% at neonatal very low
weight (1500-1999 gr). The Cox regression
analysis
showed
that
birth
weight
modification effect with maternal parity, so
that the influence of birth weight on neonatal
survival dependent on the the maternal parity
after controlling birth spacing and area of
residence. LBW infants of multiparous
maternal parity risk 2.9 times (95% CI = 1.5 to
5.6 HR) and grandemultiparous risk 3.9 times
(95% CI HR = 1.9 to 7.6) experienced a death
in the neonatal period compared with normal
birth weight. Necessary early interventions to
prevent low birth weight and intensive care to
infants with LBW. Keywords: Birth weight,
Neonatal
Survival,
cox
regression
ID: 63
66. ANALISIS KETAHANAN HIDUP SATU
TAHUN PASIEN STROKE DI RUMAH
SAKIT UMUM BANYUMAS TAHUN 2010
ID: 69
Supriyadi
67. RELATED FACTORS TO INCIDENT OF
Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
Latar belakang :Penyakit stroke merupakan
salah satu penyebab kematian ketiga setelah
penyakit jantung koroner dan kanker. Stroke
merupakan sindrom klinis yang terjadi akibat
gangguan pembuluh dalam otak, timbul
mendadak dan biasanya menyerang penderita
usia 45-80 tahun. Tujuan : Menganalisis
Ketahanan Hidup Satu Tahun Pasien Stroke
yang dipengaruhi oleh Umur, Tipe/Jenis
Stroke, Lama hari rawat, Diabetes Melitus,
Hipertensi, Hiperkolesterol, Penyakit Jantung,
Merokok, Jenis Kelamin dan Riwayat Stroke.
Metode : Desain penelitian ini menggunakan
desain kohort restrospektif. Hasil :
Probabilitas ketahanan hidup pasien stroke
pada jangka waktu 52 minggu (satu tahun)
sebesar 61% dengan median ketahanan hidup
52 minggu. Kesimpulan : Ketahanan Hidup
Satu Tahun Pasien Stroke yang dipengaruhi
oleh riwayat stroke, penyakit jantung dan
kolesterol. Pasien stroke yang memiliki
riwayat stroke berulang memiliki resiko untuk
meninggal adalah 2,0 kali dibandingkan yang
memiliki riwayat stroke pertama pada riwayat
penyakit jantung dan kadar kolesterol yang
sama, pasien stroke yang menderita penyakit
jantung memiliki resiko untuk meninggal
adalah 2,8 kali dibandingkan dengan yang
tidak menderita penyakit jantung pada
riwayat stroke dan kadar kolesterol yang
sama, pasien stroke yang memiliki riwayat
kolesterol memiliki resiko untuk meninggal
adalah 1,8 kali dibandingkan dengan yang
tidak memiliki riwayat kolesterol pada riwayat
stroke dan penyakit jantung yang sama. Kata
kunci : Ketahanan hidup, pasien stroke,
stroke, Daftar Pustaka : 40 (1995-2012)
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSISOF CHILD
AGE 0-12 YEARS OLD BY LESS NUTRIENT
STATUS IN PUSKESMAS JEMBATAN
SERONG AREA, PANCORAN MASSUBDISTRICT, DEPOK CITY, 2009
Dipo Wicaksono
Faculty of Public Health, University of
Indonesia
It had been taken a research about nutrient
status and the other factor for incident of
pulmonary tuberculosis to child age 0-12
years old in Puskesmas Jembatan Serong.
Purpose of this research is to find out related
factors to incident of pulmonary tuberculosis
based on working area of Puskesmas. This is
control case study using primary and
secondary data analyzed by Chi Square test.
Working area of Puskesmas Jembatan Serong
is the most area by incident of pulmonary
tuberculosis for year 2008 by which 144 cases.
In consequence of many child age 0-12 years
old suffered pulmonary tuberculosis and less
nutrient status. Cases of pulmonary
tuberculosis for these child were less
attention by parents because it was difficult
to diagnose. In accordance of it, then the
research title is â€œLess status and other
factors related to incident of pulmonary
tuberculosis to child age 0-12 years old in
Puskesmas Jembatan Serong Area, Year
2009â€•. There were 11 variables and 3 for
meaning variables, air ventilation, residential
crowded, and parents knowledge of
pulmonary tuberculosis. Based on this
research, it was expected that health service
institution especially Puskesmas Jembatan
Serong to develop knowledge for less
nutrient, pulmonary tuberculosis and give an
ABSTRACT BOOK
counseling about home health physic
environment, and monitor evaluation of
pulmonary tuberculosis, because, it is believe
that many pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers to
child age 0-12 years old had not checked their
condition in Puskesmas Jembatan Serong.
Anopheles sundaicus bites, the most common
mosquitoes biting occurred 0-1 AM and 4-5
AM. On the other hand the scarce time biting
was 6-8 PM. Conclusion : breeding places of
Anopheles that the highest Anopheles larvaes
per dip concentration was among fishpond.
ID: 71
ID: 74
68. BIO-ECOLOGY MALARIA VECTOR IN
69. IN VITRO AND IN OVO INHIBITION OF
GALANG BATAM CITY, KEPULAUAN RIAU
PROVINCE
Muhammad Hasyimi, Supratman
Sukowati
BIO-ECOLOGY MALARIA VECTOR IN GALANG
BATAM CITY, KEPULAUAN RIAU PROVINCE
Abstract Background : Galang as one of the 12
sub districts in the Batam city, still has the
problem of malaria, it has a unique
topography because it consists of several
islands, coastal areas and population
distribution concentrated on certain islands.
Other, Galang has annual parasite index (API)
43.3 â€° in 2006. The number of malaria cases
in Galang showed an increase from 788 in
2006 to 2447 in 2007. For supporting malaria
control programs in the Galang district, then
conducted a study with the aim to understand
the bio-ecology malaria vector. Objective : to
understand the bio-ecology malaria vector at
Galang district. Methods :The study was
conducted in 2008, by identification of vector
breeding habitat, vector incrimination and
collections of the adult Anopheles by catching
the bait human body methods. Results :The
results showed that in the district of Galang
were found breeding places of Anopheles that
the highest Anopheles larvaes per dip
concentration was among fishpond and
followed by drainages. In term of time of
TYPE-A AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS BY
XANTHONE DERIVATES FROM GARCINIA
MANGOSTANA LINN FRUIT RIND
Amar Muslim, Sarah Fitriani, Sherryn
Sunny Albanny, Fajar Islam Sitanggang
Bogor Agricultural University
IN VITRO AND IN OVO INHIBITION OF TYPE-A
AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS BY XANTHONE
DERIVATES FROM GARCINIA MANGOSTANA
LINN FRUIT RIND Mangosteen fruit (Garcinia
mangostana Linn) is very popular in Indonesia.
Experimental studies have demonstrated that
extracts of GML have antiviral activities. The
pericarp of GML is a source of xanthones. The
two most beneficial xanthones have been
named Î±-mangostin and Î³-mangostin. The Î±mangostin and Î³-mangostin in pericarp
extract of GML previously used as HIV-1
protease inhibitor and now becoming an
emerging investigational antiviral drug due to
its protease inhibitor has the same type with
avian influenza virus. To explore this
possibility, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and
methanol extracts from some GML were
investigated for their Î±-mangostin, dan Î³mangostin inhibitory activities using high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
For in ovo study, eggs from Lohmann type
between 9 and 11 days of age were used and
injected with different levels of ï•¡- and ï•§mangostin extract at 30 days of incubation.
There were five treatments and ten replicates
allocated to each treatment. The extracts and
compounds were also evaluated using a range
of concentrations in the in vitro Vero cell. The
aim of this review is to summarize findings of
beneficial properties on Î±- and Î³-mangostin
of GML extracts as avian influenza protease
inhibitors. Although this evidence is still far
from being definitive, the results so far
obtained suggest that protease inhibitor
should be seriously taken into consideration
for further testing as potential therapeutic
agents for avian influenza. Further studies
need to be done in order to investigate the
effects of GML extracts as avian influenza
antiviral in human. Keywords : Garcinia
mangostana Linn, type-A influenza, extracts,
protease inhibitor, ï•¡- and ï•§-mangostin
method. Results: This research found out that
60% of pregnant women have anemia, and
76.2% among them have low iron intake.
Conclusions: There was association between
iron intake and incidence of anemia. Pregnant
women who have inadequate intake of iron,
18 times risk to get anemia than pregnant
women who have adequate iron intake after
adjusted by protein intake and iron
supplementation. Iron intake is important in
incidence of anemia, therefore pregnant
women should have adequate iron diets to
provide optimal health for maternal and
infant.
ID: 76
71. PENGEMBANGAN JARINGAN PUSKESMAS
ID: 75
70. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IRON INTAKE
AND ANEMIA IN THIRD TRIMESTERS
PREGNANCY AT BUNGUS HEALTH
CENTER,PADANG IN 2012.
DAN GAMBARAN KETENAGAAN
PUSKESMAS KOTA BEKASI
Dra. Raharni, Apt, MKes , Rini Sasanti H
Mery Ramadani, Suryati, Bertha Helena
Faculty of Public Health Andalas
University
Background: Anemia is one of the most
frequent complications related to pregnancy.
Severe anemia may have adverse effects on
the mother and the fetus. There is also
evidence that less severe anemia is associated
with poor pregnancy outcome. Bungus was
the second highest for incidence of anemia in
Padang city. Objectives: The objective of this
research was to know the association
between Iron intake and anemia at working
areas of Bungus Health Centre, Padang in
2012. Methods: Cross sectional design was
used in this research. The respondents were
pregnant women in third trimesters.
Assessment of iron intake using food recall
Backgrounds Community health center is a
technical implementation unit in District/City
health office (UPTD) which is responsible for
the health development in an area of work
that is generally located in district level
administrative areas. Health care services that
are managed by the community health center
is a primary health care, i.e. for the individual
health and public health effort, and it require
an adequate health care resources needs in
both quantity and quality. On the other hand,
community health center networking
development is needed to support primary
health care services to be closer to the
community. Objectives The objective of this
study is to provide the community health
center networking development and an
overview of community health center human
resources in Bekasi city, so that health care
ABSTRACT BOOK
services could be run is accordance to the
goals. Methods The research design was
cross-sectional and the study used a desk
study to examine the various references of
the documents required in the community
health centers and sub of community health
centers (Pustu) in Bekasi city. Conclusions The
results shown the availability of human
resources in community health centers in
Bekasi city was still not sufficient and did not
yet meet the needs especially of nurses,
midwives and labor analyst, assistant
pharmacist. The resources allocation has not
been based of the right health education
accordingly. Distribution of medical personnel
especially specialists in community health
centers in Bekasi city was uneven and the
general doctor look not proportionate,
because there are some community health
centers have only one general practitioner.
Not all of community health centers in Bekasi
city have human resources who specializes in
supporting pharmaceutical drugs and
pharmacies.Thus, effort were gradually
provide resources in accordance with the field
work and the provision of training, so that the
health service can be run better. Based on the
location of community health centers, it was
various, i.e. in the residential, the community
health center is occupy the unclear ownership
land tittle, i.e. the public/ social facility, in the
office area is government owned land and
some occupy the waqf land. Community
health center networking development is
performed through the development and
establishment of sub community health
center (Pustu) for residential areas that
located far from the reach of community
health centers and the provision of mobile
community health centers for health services
to be closer to the community. Key word:
Community Health Center, Networking
Development,
Human
resources,
COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER NETWORKING
DEVELOPMENT
AND
PREVIEW
OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER HUMAN
RESOURCES IN BEKASI CITY Abstrak
Puskesmas merupakan Unit Pelaksana Teknis
Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten/Kota (UPTD) yang
bertanggungjawab
menyelenggarakan
pembangunan kesehatan di suatu wilayah
kerja yang pada umumnya berada ditingkat
wilayah administrasi kecamatan. Pelayanan
kesehatan yang diselenggarakan puskesmas
adalah pelayanan kesehatan dasar yaitu
upaya kesehatan perorangan dan upaya
kesehatan masyarakat, memerlukan tenaga
kesehatan yang memadai baik dari segi
kuantitas maupun kualitas. Disamping itu
diperlukan
pengembangan
jaringan
puskesmas untuk
lebih mendekatkan
pelayanan
kesehatan
dasar
kepada
masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
untuk memberikan gambaran ketenagaan dan
pengembangan jaringan puskesmas dan pustu
kota Bekasi, sehingga pelayanan kesehatan
dapat berjalan sesuai tujuan yang akan
dicapai. Metode penelitian adalah potong
lintang dan desk study dengan mengkaji
berbagai referensi mengenai dokumendokumen yang diperlukan di puskesmas dan
pustu di kota Bekasi. Hasil Penelitian
menunjukkan jumlah ketersediaan tenaga
kesehatan di puskesmas kota Bekasi saat ini
masih belum mencukupi dan belum sesuai
kebutuhan terutama tenaga perawat, bidan
dan tenaga analis, asisten apoteker.
Penempatan tenaga belum dilatarbelakangi
pendidikan tenaga kesehatan yang sesuai.
Persebaran tenaga medis terutama tenaga
spesialis puskesmas di kota Bekasi saat ini
tidak merata dan sebaran dokter umum
terlihat belum proporsional karena ada
beberapa puskesmas yang hanya memiliki
satu dokter umum. Tenaga penunjang
kefarmasian yang khusus menangani obat dan
apotik tidak dimiliki oleh semua puskesmas di
kota bekasi. Dengan demikian diperlukan
upaya secara bertahap pemenuhan tenaga
yang
belum
sesuai
dengan
bidang
pekerjaannya dan penyelenggaraan pelatihan,
sehingga pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan
dapat berjalan dengan baik. Berdasarkan
lokasi puskesmas cukup beragam yaitu di area
perumahan menempati tanah fasos/fasum
yang menghadapi ketidakjelasan status tanah,
di area perkantoran merupakan lahan milik
pemerintah dan beberapa menempati tanah
wakaf. Pengembangan jaringan pelayanan
kesehatan dilakukan melalui pengembangan
dan pendirian puskesmas pembantu (pustu)
untuk daerah-daerah dekat pemukiman yang
lokasinya jauh dari jangkauan puskesmas
serta penyediaan puskesmas keliling untuk
lebih mendekatkan pelayanan kesehatan pada
masyarakat. Key word : Pengembangan
Jaringan,
Puskesmas,
Ketenagaan
ID: 77
72. RISK FACTORS OF CORONARY HEART
DISEASE IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE
INDONESIA
Jeini Ester Nelwan, Oksfriani J.
Sumampouw
Faculty of Public Health Sam Ratulangi
University Manado
Based on the Basic Health Research
(Riskesdas) 2007, the national prevalence of
heart disease is 7.2% (based on the diagnosis
of health worker and symptoms). The lowest
prevalence of heart disease is around 2.6% in
Lampung Province and the highest in the NAD
is 12.6%, while in North Sulawesi is 8.2%.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a
multifactorial disease, because many risk
factors such as hypertension, obesity, physical
activity/sports, smoking, type of behavior,
stress, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, and
alcohol consumption. The purpose of this
study is to analyze the risk factors of CHD in
North Sulawesi Province. This study is an
observational study with the design of casecontrol study in November 2010 until April
2011. Data in this research were hospital
based data and conducted in the BLU RSUP
Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado because this
hospital was referral hospital CHD patients in
North Sulawesi. The population of this
research is all outpatients in cardiology and
general interna clinic BLU RSUP Prof. dr. R.D
Kandou Manado. Sample size was calculated
using the formula in order to obtain the total
study sample to 110 patients for case group
and 110 patients for control group, so the
total sample taken of 220 patients. Sampling
using simple random sampling method. The
independent variables is hypertension and the
dependent variable is incidence of coronary
heart disease. Data was obtained and
analyzed using univariate after that bivariate
with chi-square test. Based on the results of
data analysis founded that age, family history,
hypertension, smoking and type of behavior
were risk factors for CHD. There is need a
promotion for adult community about
improving the quality of life through healthy
behavior and avoid risk factors heart disease
from health personnel, escpecially for
coronary
heart
disease.
ID: 82
73. ASSOCIATED NUTRITION CONSUMPTION,
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE WITH
PEPTIC ULCER DESEASE EVENT ON
TENAGERS IN SMAN 2 PADANG CITY
2011
dr. Fauziah Elytha, M. Sc, Azrimaidaliza,
SKM, MKM, Vivi Triana, SKM, M. PH.
Public Health Faculty
Adolescents are particularly vulnerable
nutrition. Health problems, one of which ulcer
disease. Prevalence of gastritis as much as
ABSTRACT BOOK
0.99%, the incidence of gastritis 115/100.000
population. Desert Health Center's annual
report the number of visits of cases in
January-December 2010 totaled 1818 cases of
traffic (new + old), while cases of gastritis in
adolescents (15-19 years) amounted to 259
cases. This study aimed to determine the
relationship of diet and knowledge of the
incidence of ulcer disease in adolescents in
the city of Padang in 2011. This type of
research is descriptive analytic cross sectional
study research design. The entire population
of juvenile cases is a status of high school
students in the city of Padang. The samples
taken were high school students Teenagers N
2 Padang city meet inclusion and exclusion
criteria. Data were analyzed with Chi-square
test. The results found a significant
relationship between the diet and the
incidence of ulcer disease (p <0.05), no
significant relationship between the level of
knowledge of the incidence of ulcer disease
(p> 0.05) and no significant relationship
between the attitude of the incidence of ulcer
disease (p > 0.05). irregular eating patterns
such as poor eating habits can lead to ulcer
disease. Respondents who have a high level of
knowledge and low will have no effect on the
incidence of ulcer disease in adolescents.
Researchers suggest that adolescents are
given the attention of all parties, especially
the families and health care to remind the
dangers of ulcer disease, as well as how need
a
regular
diet.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Swadaya
Gunung Jati
Backgrounds : In Semarang, Pedurungan sub
district had the highest undernourished
prevalence of underfive children. 8.24% and
11.11% of the underfive children were
classified as very thin and thin respectively.
Objectives : This research aimed to investigate
the factors influencing nutritional status of
under five children in Puskesmas Tlogosari
Wetan, Pedurungan sub district. Methods :
The population of this cross sectional study
was 776 children aged 2-5 years. Seventy
three children were chosen as the subjects by
multi stage sampling method. Anthropometric
data in weight height z scores were collected
by weighing and measuring height. In
addition,
interviews
by
structured
questionnaires were also conducted to their
mothers. Determinant variables analyzed
were:
motherÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s
education level, and nutritional knowledge,
family income percapita, the energy and
protein adequacy level, diarrhea and upper
respiratory tract infections (URTI) incidences."
ID: 92
75. VALUE DENTAL CARIES (DMF-T) TO THE
WEST IN THE DISTRICT IN 2010
KETAPANG KALIMANTAN
ID: 90
Indirawati Tjahja, Magdarina D.A.,
Sintawati, Made Ayu Lely S, Lely
Andayasari
74. DETERMINANTS OF NUTRITIONAL
P2
STATUS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 2-5
YEARS IN PUSKESMAS TLOGOSARI
WETAN PEDURUNGAN SUB DISTRIC
SEMARANG 2007
Ignatius Wirandoko, Hertanto Wahyu
Subagio, Laksmi Widajanti
Value Dental Caries (DMF-T) TO THE WEST IN
THE
DISTRICT
IN
2010
KETAPANG
KALIMANTAN Abstract Background : Dental
caries are usually caused by poor oral hygiene,
resulting in the accumulation of plaque that
contains a variety of bacteria. Method : This
study uses diagnostic test research design.
The study was conducted at the health center
Kedondong ,Ketapang district of West
Kalimantan. Subjects numbered 150 person,
consisting of men and women aged 12 years,
eged 15 years, eged 18 years, eged 35-44
years, and up to 65 years, each subject will be
examined by 10 dentists and 10 non-dentists.
Non dentists include nursing academy,
academy of nutrition, pharmaceutical
academy, academy of enviromental health
and public health scholers. The research
objective was to compare the results of the
DMF-T (Decay Missing Filling Treatment)
between a dentist and non dentist.
ID: 101
76. HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK REMAJA
TERKAIT RISIKO PENULARAN HIV-AIDS
DAN PERILAKU SEKS TIDAK AMAN DI
INDONESIA
Niniek Lely Pratiwi, Hari Basuki
ABSTRAK Salah satu fase yang mempunyai
kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap penularan
HIV-AIDS adalah masa remaja, suatu masa
yang mempunyai mobilitas sosial yang paling
tinggi dibandingkan masa usia lainnya. Pada
tahun terakhir ini terdapat kecenderungan
peningkatan kasus penyakit HIV-AIDS
khususnya pada kelompok remaja yang
merupakan usia reproduktif. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan
karakteristik remaja dalam risiko kerentanan
dalam penularan HIV-AIDS dengan Perilaku
seksual tidak aman pada remaja usia 15-24
tahun. Metode analisis berdasarkan jenis data
Karakteristik
remaja
sebagai
variabel
independen dan perilaku seks tidak aman
remaja
sebagai
variabel
dependen.
Pencegahan penularan HIV-AIDS yang bersifat
nominal sebagai variabel dependen, maka uji
analisis melalui 2 tahap analisis. Analisis tahap
pertama yaltu analisis univariat, dan bivariat.
Analisis tahap ke dua dilanjutkan dengan
analisis
regressi
binomial.
ID: 111
77. ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE
BEHAVIOUR OF MIDWIVES IN
IMPLEMENTATION OF EARLY
INITIATION IN SECANGGANG SUB
DISTRICT OF LANGKAT DISTRICT YEAR
2012
Ernita Ruslaini Caniago, dr. Nugroho Iman
Santoso, SKM, Prof. Dr. Herman Sudiman,
SKM, APU
Respati University Of Indonesia
ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE BEHAVIOUR
OF MIDWIVES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF EARLY
INITIATION IN SECANGGANG SUB DISTRICT OF
LANGKAT DISTRICT YEAR 2012. IX + 100 pages
+ 24 table + 8 appendixes ABSTRACT Infant
mortality rate is one important indicator in
determining the level of public health. Lot of
action are relatively inexpensive and easily
applied to improve the health and survival of
newborns. One of them is immediately
breast-feeding after birth or called early
initiation of breastfeeding. Based on Riskesdas
report (2010) most of the process of started
lactation performed in the range of time 1-6
hours after birth but there are cases started
feeding after 48 hours. The purpose of the
research is to get descriptions of behavior in
implementation of early initiation of
breastfeeding in Secanggang sub district. The
design of the research is quantitative survey
research using cross sectional approach. The
population in this study were all midwives
ABSTRACT BOOK
working at Secanggang areas of Langkat
District during the month of April 2012. Total
midwives (population) in Secanggang sub
district was cased in this research. Primary
data collected using questionnaires and
secondary data obtained from health centers
and district Secanggang. Analyzed in
univariate, bivariate with Chi square test and
multivariate logistic regression using a test
with 95% CI. It was found midwives
implemented the IMD 41.4%. Bivariate test
got significant variables in this study is
educational with P value = 0.028, length of
employment with Pvalue = 0.033, knowledge
with P value = 0.000 attitude with Pvalue =
0.013, the training with P value = 0.000 and
Policy with Pvalue = 0.018. The dominant
factor affecting the implementation of early
initiation is training for midwifes with OR
values of 7.875. The suggestion o the District
Health Langkat give training for midwives
about early initiation of breastfeeding and
provide rewards to midwives who perform
early initiation breastfeeding according to
Government policy and the rules of the IBI
Organization. Bibliography : 44 (1978 â€“
2011). Keywords : Behaviour of Midwives,
Early
Initiation
of
Breastfeeding.
ID: 113
78. CONTRIBUTIONS OF MATERNAL ANEMIA
TOWARDS LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW)
RINI MUTAHAR
Sriwijaya University
Anemia remains a major nutritional problems
suffered by pregnant women. Anemia in
pregnant women may increase the risk of
miscarriage, premature birth, giving birth to
babies with low birth weight (LBW), stillbirth,
perinatal death. Various studies show that
40% of maternal deaths are caused by
bleeding during delivery and anemia is an
important trigger of maternal mortality. An
estimated 20% mortality was closely
associated with low levels of hemoglobin
(anemia) during pregnancy. The purpose of
this study was to determine the contribution
of anemia on the incidence of LBW in the
District of North Indralaya Ogan Ilir. The study
design used was cross-sectional. The study
population was all pregnant women residing
in the District of North Indralaya Ogan Ilir.
Study sample was pregnant with the second
trimester of gestation in. (16 weeks-24
weeks), who are willing and chosen as the
sample. Trimester II is selected based upon
consideration of the needs of most high red
blood cells in pregnant women. The sample
number is 70 people. Data analysis included
univariate, bivariate analysis and multivariate
analysis using Multiple Regression. In this
study the known prevalence of Low Birth
Weight (LBW) is equal to 16.31% and anemia
for pregnant women as much as 48%.
mothers with anemia risk 2.5 times greater
for LBW babies compared to women who are
not anemic. (OR = 2.53, 95% CI 0:44 to 14:57)
after the work is controlled by a variable,
parity, and frequency of the ANC.
Recommended to the Health Department /
Community Health Center to conduct health
education for pregnant women so that people
know about the importance of prenatal care
to prevent the occurrence of LBW and the
community to check the pregnancy with the
frequency specified by the Ministry of Health
is at least 4 (four) times the examination so
that the health of pregnant women can
monitored
by
health
officials.
ID: 114
79. OBESITY STATUS AND NUTRIENT
INTAKE BALINESE WOMEN AGED ABOVE
40 YEARS OLD IN DISTRICT OF SOUTH
DENPASAR BALI PROVINCE
Kadek Tresna Adhi Tresna Adhi
School of Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Udayana University
Background: Waist Circumference (WC) is one
of parameter body fat to indicates abdominal
obesity. A high waist circumference is
associated with an increased risk for type 2
diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular
disease. Determinant factors lead to central
obesity, such as consumption habit, genetic
and also social factors. Objective: To
determine obesity status based on waist
circumference measurement, characteristic
(age, education, labor), nutrient intake in
Balinese women aged above 40 years in South
Denpasar Bali. Method: This study used crosssectional approach. The samples was 82
women aged 40 years in South Denpasar.
Samples selected by systematic random
sampling. Nutrient intake such as energy,
protein, carbohydrate, fat and fiber intake
data obtained from interviews with Semi
Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire
(SQ-FFQ), and then compared Recommended
Dietary Allowance (RDA) for women aged 40
years.
Characteristics
obtained
from
interviews using a questionnaire. Obesity
status was obtained by measurement of waist
circumference (cm). Result: The results
showed the majority of sample aged 40-47
years (70.7%), work as housewives (43.9%)
with secondary education level (63.4%) and
had a family history of obesity (42.7%). Waist
circumference greater than 80 cm (73.2%) and
classified as obese. Level of nutrient intake
which was over than 100%RDA for energy
(58.8%), protein (70.7%) and carbohydrates
(73.2%), while the consumption of fat (81.7%)
was quite enough (â‰¤100%RDA). Fiber
intake (95.1%) was less than 25 g/day.
Conclusion: Most of the Balinese women who
live in South of Denpasar had waist
circumference greater than 80 cm that
indicate of obesity and most of them have
nutrient intake more than 100%RDA.
Keywords: obesity, waist circumference,
women
ID: 115
80. AN IMPACT OF BODY IMAGE TO FEMALE
STUDENT EATING BEHAVIOR AND
NUTRITIONAL STATUS AT SMUN 1
MEDAN CITY, NORTH SUMATRA
Diana Sembiring,
STIKes Sumatera Utara
Background. Body image is a mentally
personal description about ones shape and its
size. Teenagers who have negative body
image tend to have a bad eating behavior and
as consequences they have a bad nutritional
status like thin or conversely fat. Objective.
This research aimed to analyze the impact of
body image to eating behavior and nutritional
level among teenagers at SMUN 1 Medan,
2011. Method. An analytic study has been
done to randomly select female student from
X, XI and XII class at study site. Body image
have
been
measured
by
adapted
questionnaire from Concordia Health Service,
and eating behavior measured by using food
frequency table while nutritional status
compare to IMT WHO 2005. Result. This study
has shown that 93 percent of students have
positive body image and the rest were having
negative body image. In addition, there were
60.1 percent student have a good eating
behavior. It is found also of total respondent
students, 26.4 percent were below normal
nutrition level while 23.3 percent above
normal nutrition level. Statistically, eating
behavior affected by body image (p<0.05),
and body image contributed to nutritional
status (p<0.01). At the same time, nutritional
ABSTRACT BOOK
status affected by eating behavior (p<0.01).
Students with negative body image potentially
become obese compare to students with
positive body image (OR=1.093). At p=0.368,
students with bad eating behavior potentially
become thin (OR=8.818) or become obese
(OR=1.362). Conclusion. It is recommended to
promote eating behavior for teenagers
especially at school and regularly provide
nutrition campaign trough Usaha Kesehatan
Sekolah (UKS) activities, covering body image,
eating behavior and ideal weight material.
Keywords: body image, eating behavior and
nutritional
status,
female
student
ID: 123
81. THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTH SERVICES DECISION MAKING AT
MEDAN AMPLAS SUB-DISTRICT, MEDAN
CITY
Fotarisman Zaluchu
Research and Development Institute,
North Sumatra Province
Background. Womenâ€™s health indicators
are influenced by women status. Women
status is an important entry point of reaching
women Millennium Development Goals
where women status is improved. Of all
womenâ€™s health problems, women
reproductive health decision making is still
need to be improved. In making decisions,
regarding to their own health, women
position is still weak and usually women has
no power. Women role in reproductive health
services decision making in urban area is
important
to
reflect
womenâ€™s
development and progress after decades of
women and gender program application in
Indonesia. Objectives. This research aimed to
know the role of women in their reproductive
health decisions in comparison to their
husband. The role of women in making
decision about delivery place, number and
children sex, women and child health services
access, contraceptive access, and health
budget were questioned. Methods. This is a
quantitative research, located at Medan
Amplas Sub-District in Medan City. Women at
reproductive age, married and have children,
interviewed at 25 health facilities, by
structured-questionnaire
about
â€œhusbandâ€•,
â€œwifeâ€•,
or
â€œtogetherâ€• domination decision making
role. Results. Most of respondents were 20-30
years old. Respondents were dominated by
housewives and have 1-2 two children. Of 134
respondents, choosing delivery places,
children number, and contraceptive methods,
were dominated together by husband-wife.
Wifeâ€™s decision making was tend to be
dominated by nutritional consumption,
seeking information for children nutrient,
immunization and place for immunization.
Women also dominated for children feeding.
In contrast, husband decision making
dominated among children sex and budget for
health. Conclusions. Women role was still
dominated by traditional side, like feeding
children and children health. Yet, menâ€™s
role was dominated by essential decision
making in family. Therefore, women status in
urban area seems not changing significantly.
ID: 127
82. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF NON
POLIO ENTEROVIRUSES (NPEV) FROM
ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS CASES IN
WESTERN PART OF INDONESIA 20072010
Nike Susanti, Krisna N.A Pangesti,
Yeremiah RC2
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Background Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP)
surveillance which comprises cases and
laboratory investigation has been established
by WHO in order to achieving the goal of
global eradication of polio. NIHRD is one of
national reference polio laboratory in
Indonesia that conduct diagnostic test for AFP
cases specimen from Western part of
Indonesia. AFP cases can be caused by
poliovirus and non polio viruses, such as
enteroviruses. This recent study investigate
the serotype of Non Polio Entero Viruses
(NPEV) from AFP cases in 2007-2010 and its
geographical distribution. Method This recent
study used biological archive from AFP cases
in 2007-2010. APF specimens was cultured in
cell line (RD/L20B) in BSL-2 laboratory.
Positive isolates from RD cell line and negative
in L20B cell line were tested by neutralization
test to determine serotype of NPEV.
Demography data were also collected from
case investigation form of the patients and
geographical data was analyzed using GIS Arc
View 3.3. Results From total 2625 AFP cases,
6,8 % are NPEV. NPEV cases were mostly
found in North Sumatera provinces (20,4%),
There is variation of the number of NPEV
cases found each year in 16 province that
send AFP specimens to NIHRD. NPEV cases is
commonly found in age group 1-5 years old,
(54,3 % in 2007, 86,7% in 2008, 62,2% in 2009,
and 66,3% in 2010). Serotyping using WHO
standard antisera showed that Echovirus is
the common serotype found in 2007-2010.
However, there were unidentified or
untypeable NPEV isolates that need further
investigation. Conclusion NPEV is one of the
etiology that cause Acute Flaccid Paralysis
(AFP) in Western part of Indonesia. Further
detection of NPEV serotype using molecular
technology is needed to reveal other etiology
of AFP. Keyword: Acute Flaccid Paralysis, Non
Polio
Enterovirus,
serotype
ID: 128
83. CITY AND MUNICIPALITY AS
DETERMINANT FACTORS OF AGING
DISABILITY IN WEST JAVA AND BANTEN
INDONESIA
Charles Surjadi, Yunisa Astiarani, Anisa
Riza Chaerunnisa, Siti Isfandari
Faculty of Medicine Atma Jaya chatolic
university of Indonesia
CITY AND MUNICIPALITY AS DETERMINANT
FACTORS OF AGING DISABILITY IN WEST JAVA
AND BANTEN INDONESIA Objectives: One of
challenge in health for elderly is active aging.
Some determinants factor play role on this
matter such as city and municipality policies.
Therefore we analyze 2007 national health
research data for determinants affecting
disability of elderly people in West Java and
Banten. Methods: Census block were selected
by probability proportional to size methods.
Households were selected by simple random
sampling of selected census blocks. People
aged 55 year and above from selected
households were included as individual
samples (10121 persons). Data on age, sex,
number
of
household
members,
socioeconomic status, and disability (based on
WHO
questionnaire)
was
analyzed.
Questionnaires were distributed to cities and
municipalities. Interviews were done to
several cities to collect data on important
policy and socio ecological factors in
preventing disability. Chi-square (p < 0.05)
and multiple logistic regression is performed
to find significant variables for the ultimate
model. Result: There are 40.8% of disabled
elderly in West Java and Banten province. The
city of Sukabumi has highest percentage of
aging disability (59.4%), while the city of
Tangerang has the lowest (25.3%). Four
cities/municipalities have low disability
ABSTRACT BOOK
percentage (less than 30%). Multivariate
analysis shows that most of disabled elderly
are 75 years old and above (OR = 2.6, CI 95% =
2.2- 3.2), women (OR=1.3, CI 95% =1.1-1.5),
low education (OR = 1.9, CI= 95%=1.5-2.3), did
not work (OR =1.5, CI 95%= 1.3-1.8), have no
teeth (OR =1.6 CI 95%=1.3-1.8), underweight
(OR =1.3, CI 95%=1.1-1.5), low socioeconomic
status (OR= 1.2, CI 95%=1-1.5), residing
outside Municipality of Sukabumi (OR= 3.1,CI
95%=2.1-4.4), outside Municipality of
Kuningan (OR =2.3,CI 95%=1.7-3.2) outside
Municipality of Tangerang (OR =2.3,CI
95%=1.5-3.4 ), and outside City of Tangerang
(OR =1.6, CI 95%=1-2.4). Some diseases also
related to diability such as respiratory disease
(OR= 1.5,CI 95%=1.2-1.8), cardiac disease (OR
=1.4 1.1-1.8), hypertension (OR =1.2, CI
95%=1.1-1.5), joint pain (OR= 1.5, CI 95%=1.12), mental health problem (OR= 3.2, CI
95%=2.8-3.6) and paralysis (OR 2, CI 95%=1.52.7), Conclusion:Individual characteristics and
socio contextual factors at municipalities and
cities play roles in reducing prevalence of
disability among aging. Efforts on aging health
program on district level, which involve socio
ecological factors, should be increased. There
is a need to call attention of three areas of
active aging (health, participation and
security)
to
achieve
active
aging.
ID: 129
84. TRADISIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE IN
KARET BIVAK CEMETERY FOR HEALING
THE DISEASES AFTERMATH THE FLOOD
DISASTER IN URBAN COMMUNITY
Weny Lestari
Backgrounds : This study concerns about
experiences and responses from members of
community, who live in flood plain at Karet
Tengsin Tanah Abang Jakarta dealing with
flood disaster and disease which came
aftermath frequently. Flood disaster can
cause a wide range of health impacts to the
members of community. General diseases
which came aftermath the flood are diarrhea,
common cold, Dengue Hemorroic Fever
(DHF), pulmonary infection, and skin
infection. Objectives : The aims of this study
are to understand the meaning of flood
disaster and the disease from the
membersâ€™ experiences that always
encounter the same vulnerabilities frequently;
and to know how the members of community
make response and strategy dealing with
those vulnerabilities. Methods : this study
used ethnographyâ€™s method which datas
collecting with actors approaches, while
actors were the members of the community
who life for years on flood plain. Building
rapport, observation participants, and
unstructured interviews with historically
records were used to gain datas about
experiences and responses from members of
community, who live in flood plain dealing
with flood disaster and disease which came
aftermath frequently. Results : The result
shows that flood disaster has been seen as
normal occurrence, and so as with diseases
aftermath. When flood disaster come
frequently, members of community have
many strategies faced the disease aftermath.
One of the strategy was using the herbal
medicine to medicate their vulnerable
disease. Herbal medicine plants were
available free on 16.2 ha Karet Bivak cemetery
area which were still on the same area where
the community lived. There were nine items
plants which were used by the members of
community for medication the diseases
tradisionally, like Jarak (Ricinus communis),
Saga (Adenanthera pavonina), Sente (Alocasia
macrorrhiza), Kamboja (Plumeria), Sigsag
(Euphorbia tithymaloides), Dadap (Erythrina
variegata), Waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus), Jambu
biji ((Psidium guajava), and Lidah buaya (Aloe
vera). Conclusions : utilization of plants on the
Karet Bivak cemetery area for herbal medicine
to medicate the disease aftermath
tradisionally, was the one of the strategies of
coping mechanism by members of community
to deal with vulnerability that the culture
adjust to disaster which deal as normal
occurence. Keywords : Flood disaster,
diseases aftermath, response and strategy,
herbal medicine, Karet Bivak cemetery
ID: 131
85. FAMILY DOCTOR,STRATEGIC AND
OPERATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES
MANAGEMENT MODEL, A REVOLUTION
ON PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, IN
INDONESIA
Dr. dr. Jack Roebijoso, MSc (OM), PKK
Roebijoso, dr. Alidha
Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya Univ
The former National Health System (NHS)
before 2004, has less paid attention especially
to first strata health service upon personal
and yet has encouraged more on liberalistic
health service by means: personal approach,
curative, non holistic, fragmentative, nonadvocative (exploitative), high medical service
cost. On the other hand, it is running another
health service called socialistic health service
model, by means similar to almost the
liberalistic one, but it cost minimally and non
advocative (obscurantism). The former NHS
has long been revised by the government
(Depkes RI, 2004), to improve first strata
health service upon personal, with the family
doctor health service practice mainly
conducted by private sector. The approach of
family doctor practice has such contrast
characteristics with the previous two systems
(which are: individual, family and community
base, preferred to prevention instead of
medication, holistic, continuous, advocative,
rational health intervention (safety, effective,
effcient, acceptable). The most health service
run for employee, family and community in
PT. PLN (Persero) Malang owns such
characteristics of liberalistic model, resulting
the high cost of health service profile and
difficult to do a performance measurement.
By 1997, the reseacher appointed for PT. PLN
(Persero) Malang to design the management
model of health service for employee and
family, aiming at achieving the cost efficiency
and improving the health service quality. The
researcher has utilized the new approach of
health service model as stated above (family
doctor). The characteristic of family doctor
has declared in the new health service
management by several fixations including: 10
kinds of rational drugs for common desease
and 10 standart operating procedure of basic
family health service. The result of the record
and health service history (new model)
conducted since august of 1997, 1998, 1999
(18 month), for 550 KK (house hold ) about
5786 abulatory cases and some hospitalized
cases, was applied as the basis of research
using qualitative research model and case
study methode (Robert K Yin and Lexy J
Moeleong), and was discussed by using
theoritical generalization and proposition
explanation, applied for drawing conclusion
and suggestion. The analysis of reseach result,
indicates
several
positive
outcomes
influencing the cost of health service including
(ambulatory) and (hospitalized) service. This
result is proved by the significant decreasing
number of patiens both for ambulatory and
hospitalized case. On the other side, the
discussion to explore the invisible cost spent
by employees, when their family members
must undertake referal specialist doctor and
hospitalization had presented by this research
as well. The analysis of the case study is
ABSTRACT BOOK
demonstrated through: profile matching, time
series analysis and using logical model of
Robert K Yin and its explanation. The result
illustrates the phenomenon indicating the
new health service management, which are:
1. Integrating medical healths service
activities through five dimensions of location:
at clinic, house, workplace, hospital and public
site. 2. Using the ten products of family doctor
health service (ten basics family doctor health
service products). 3. Fixing several drug
facilities (ten kinds of rational medication). 4.
Funding the activities for doctor/medical
staffs depending upon health service
indication. All has addressed to conclusions
that: the new management model could be
applied as a basis to design the strategic
management and operational for family
doctors health service model, fixed on quality.
The discussion that employs the SWOT model
analysis, has been conducted in accordance
with the broad range future and situation of
family doctor practice in Indonesia. The
analysis of this new insight has been able to
construct the development with idea of the
â€œnew proposition and theoryâ€•, about
balancing the health service cost (â€œfamily
doctors teamâ€™s incomeâ€•), compared to
the â€œtotal health costâ€•, than it can be
used as indicator of success of the health
service performance for individual, by
applying the new family doctor health service
management, based on quality. While the
conclusion of this research has led to several
important suggestions for the decision maker
in relation to: â€¢ The curriculum material of
medical education, the training of family
doctor and its medical staffs, that must be
structured and reviced by the usage of
bottom up, besides top down approach,
which is not just need areal competency, but
it needs strategic and practical competencies,
as needed during a real health service practice
at any place in Indonesia . â€¢ The health
services of family doctor management should
be adopted in the National and Local Health
System, aimed at establishing the fixed family
doctor health service networking based on
quality, that it would brings to the efficiency
of budgeting and improving the health service
quality as well as absorbing more health
staffs, compared to the previous model. â€¢
The application of this family doctor model
needs to be applied broadly in the health
service for employee and family in the stateowned Enterprise (BUMN), health insurance,
public health centre medical clinics of strata I,
to support the national coverage target of
health insurance service in Indonesia by the
up coming 2014, could be manage better. KEY
WORDS
Individual
strata
I
health
service/family
doctor,
strategic
and
operational,
quality
based.
ID: 135
86. THE POTENTIAL HOST OF FASCIOLOPSIS
BUSKI IN KALUMPANG DALAM VILLAGE,
BABIRIK SUBDISTRICT, HULU SUNGAI
UTARA REGENCY, PROVINCE OF SOUTH
KALIMANTAN
Annida Hasan, Annida, Lukman Waris
Tanah Bumbu
THE POTENTIAL HOST OF FASCIOLOPSIS BUSKI
IN KALUMPANG DALAM VILLAGE, BABIRIK
SUBDISTRICT, HULU SUNGAI UTARA REGENCY,
PROVINCE OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN Abstract
Backgrounds: In Indonesia, fasciolopsiasis has
been found since 1982 in Sei Papuyu Village,
Babirik Subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU)
Regency, South Kalimantan Province with 27%
of infection rate. Results of a survey
conducted in 1991-2007 at 20 endemic
villages showed a high prevalence of trend at
Kalumpang Dalam Village, prevalence rates
have never showed on 0% (0.2-15.2%).
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to
identify the potential host in fasciolopsiasis at
Kalumpang Dalam Village. Methods: This
study used cross sectional design with
purposive sampling. Freshwater snail survey
to identify the cercariae by the crushing
method, and aquatic plants survey to identify
the metacercariae by the sedimentation
method, whereas stool survey of the fowl to
identify the eggs of Fasciolopsis buski were
examined by the formalin-ether and
technique. Result: Redia and cercariae found
in the snail of Indoplanorbis and Lymnea,
were potentially as the first intermediate host
of F. buski. The trematodes eggs are similar to
F. buski eggs was found in the stool samples
of Alabio ducks (Anas platyrinchos borneo)
and chicken (Gallus domesticus), but with a
smaller size, which is between 93-100Î¼m x
58-70Î¼m in the feces of alabio ducks, and
between 90-140Î¼m x 60-85Î¼m in the feces
of chicken. Metacercariae was not been found
in the aquatic plants. Conclusions: The snail of
Indoplanorbis dan Lymnea were potentially as
the intermediate host of F. buski or the other
trematodes, and Alabio ducks (Anas
platyrinchos borneo) and chicken (Gallus
domesticus) were potentially as the reservoir
host of F. buski. Key Words: fasciolopsiasis,
Fasciolopsis buski, Indoplanorbis, Lymnea,
Anas
Plathyrinchos
borneo,
Gallus
domesticus, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency.
ID: 136
87. THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALARIA IN AN
INLAND AREA OF KALIMANTAN
(KEKAYAP VILLAGE, SEBUKU DISTRICT,
NUNUKAN REGENCY, PROVINCE OF EAST
KALIMANTAN
Lukman Waris, Liestiana Indriyati
Tanah Bumbu
Background : In 2007, AMI of Nunukan
22.85/1,000 population, prevalence of Sebuku
44.50 classified as HIA. In 2008, 2009 and
2010 the morbidity of malaria in Sebuku
decreased significantly until the year 2010
there are only 1 case of malaria in Sebuku.
Related with the decrease of malaria cases,
the reporting crosscheck of malaria is needed
in Sebuku. Methods: The study is a
prospective study carried out by crosssectional conducted in the Village Kekayap
Sebuku. Observed variables are host, agent,
environment and health care policies. The
population was all residents in Sebuku,
samples are people residing in the village
selected as research samples. Activities are
parasitology, entomology, KAP survey,
environmental survey and depth interview of
policy makers at the district level. Results: The
results of the research SPR 7.14% consisting of
falciparum and vivax, mosquito An. maculatus
as the highest density. The knowledge and
attitudes people against malaria has been
good enough but there are some behaviors
that are still supporting malaria transmission
such as habits to go out at night. The
government focus on malaria because malaria
is a serious problem in Nunukan currently
handled by a global fund. At this time there
are only 2 laboratory analysts in Nunukan.
Target to reduce malaria is 5/1000
population. Conclusion: Transmission of
malaria in the Village Kekayap Sebuku caused
by the opening of new land and the
construction of houses with holes making it
easier for mosquitoes to enter into the house
with the suspected mosquito An. maculatus as
a vector-borne diseases. Keywords : malaria,
vector,
epidemiology
ID: 137
88. FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN MALARIA DI
KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU PROPINSI
ABSTRACT BOOK
KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Nita Rahayu
Tanah Bumbu
Faktor risiko kejadian malaria di Kabupaten
Tanah Bumbu Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan
THE RISK FACTOR OF MALARIA IN TANAH
BUMBU REGENCY, PROVINCE OF SOUTH
KALIMANTAN Abstract Background: Malaria is
one of the major diseases that threaten public
health, the number of acute cases worldwide
more than 300 million people and causing the
death of more than one million lives each
year. This study to determine risk factors for
the incidence of malaria in endemic areas of
South Kalimantan province District 6
Methods: cross-sectional design. Population
and study sample inclusion criteria and
exclusion criteria, are willing to have blood
drawn and interviewed. Results: 112 samples
Mentawakan Mulia city, 42 samples (41%)
positive malaria, falciparum malaria 6
samples, 36 samples of vivax malaria. The
results of bivariate tests: age, gender,
education, occupation, risk factors for malaria
(working in the garden at night, use of bed
nets), environmental factors (the distance to
health facilities, travel time to health facilities,
cattle pens inside or outside home, the
distance a house close to the breeding place).
Multivariate analysis there are 6 variables:
gender, education, risk factors for malaria
(working in the garden at night, use of bed
nets), environmental factors (the distance to
health facilities, the distance a house near the
cattle pens inside or outside the home).
Conclusion: Risk factors that were most
responsible is the habit of working in the
garden at night p = 0.000, CI95% = 2.270 to
6.445. Working in the garden at night
increases the risk of malaria in 80.3%
compared to respondents who did not work in
the garden, will be protected 19.7% were not
exposed to malaria. Advice: Counseling to
prevent and combat malaria: use mosquito
nets, use mosquito coil, does not work in the
garden at night, installing mosquito netting,
cattle sheds away with the house. Key words:
risk factors, the environment, the incidence of
malaria
ID: 142
89. UTILIZATION OF HEALTH FACILITIES IN
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCAL
HEALTH INSURANCE IN TARAKAN CITY,
EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi
City Health Office, Tarakan City, East
Kalimantan /Center for Health Financing
Policy and Insurance Management,
Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada
University
Background: In a health care system that
services should be done with tiered referral
system. In the situations of barrier of funding
reduced or none at all, the utilization of
health care centers and hospitals tend to
increase. Objective: To see clinic utilization
before and after the implementation of local
health insurance in the city of Tarakan
Methods: This study used the case study
method, the study subjects were documents
of district health office Results: There is a
significant increase in the utilization of health
facilities, especially in the public health center
after the implementation of local health
insurance program. The implementation of
the local health insurance program increases
the utilization of the health facilities because
there is no more financing barrier. However,
the strengthening of community health
centers in the input (type and amount of
health human resources ; finance resources),
program (24 hour / emergency services) and
quality management also have considerable
influence in increasing the utilization rates of
clinics. Without efforts to strengthen the
health center would only be a place to look
for a referral through it. While the hospital
would be a "giant health centers" that will
deal with minor ailments that could be
implemented in health centers. Therefore,
strengthening community health centers in all
aspects will be strong enough to control the
number of referrals to the hospital
Conclusions: Utilization of health facilities in
the implementation of health insurance has
increased significantly. Strengthening health
center will have an effect on the successful
implementation
of
health
insurance
Suggestion: In the implementation of national
health insurance 2014, strengthening
community health centers in terms of inputs,
program and management is essential.
Keywords: strengthening health center,
utilization rates of health center , local health
insurance.
ID: 143
Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Angka tersebut
merupakan jumlah terbesar kasus kematian
bayi di Desa Mantar. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mengetahui kendala-kendala program
penurunan AKB pada Desa Mantar Kecamatan
Poto Tano Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat.
Penelitian deskriptif ini melibatkan Kepala
Desa, Bidan Desa, dan ibu bayi meninggal
sebagai subyek penelitian. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa faktor sosial budaya
berupa keyakinan terhadap suatu penyakit
dan pola pemberian makanan kepada bayi
merupakan kendala utama dalam program
penurunan AKB. Masyarakat cenderung
menganggap penyakit-penyakit tertentu pada
bayi merupakan pengaruh magis sehingga
pengobatannya pun dilakukan secara magis.
Masyarakat juga sulit mengakses pelayanan
kesehatan karena jarak tempat pelayanan
sangat jauh dan akses jalan yang belum
memadai. Untuk itu disarankan kepada Dinas
Kesehatan Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat untuk
menggiatkan promosi kesehatan kepada
masyarakat
desa
terpencil.
Kepada
Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sumbawa
Barat agar mempercepat akses transportasi
menuju
desa
terpencil.
90. TANTANGAN PROGRAM
PENURUNANANGKA KEMATIAN BAYI
PADA DESA TERPENCIL(STUDI KASUS DI
DESA MANTAR KECAMATAN POTO TANO
KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT)
ID: 145
91. BASIC STUDY ON PATIENTSâ€™ PROFILE
Syaifuddin Naim, Muhammad Iqbal
AND NEEDS ACCORDING TO HIVâˆ’AIDS
PROGRAM AND VCT CLINIC IN ENDE
DISTRICT, EAST NUSA TENGGARA
Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sumbawa
Barat
Luxi Pasaribu, Rachmalina S. Prasodjo, Siti
Isfandari, Lutfah Rifâ€™ati, Roselinda
Penurunan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) yang
merupakan isu global masih terkendala oleh
faktor sosial budaya masyarakat dan
keterbatasan akses pelayanan kesehatan,
terutama di daerah terpencil. Pada tahun
2011, terdapat 7 (tujuh) kasus kematian bayi
di Desa Mantar Kecamatan Poto Tano
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Background: The spread of HIV-AIDS in
Indonesia has reach wider population and
impacting the general population, including
Ende District in East Nusa Tenggara. It is said
ABSTRACT BOOK
because of the increasing mobilization of the
people due to tourism, commerce, and
migrant employment and decreasing of moral
and spiritual value that lead to growing the
risk population. In Ende, the VCT clinic has not
been used optimally as most patients are
detected on late AIDS stage. The mortality is
high (85%). Objectives: To determine the basic
profile, wants, hope, and needs of patients,
their family, and the high risk population to
increase the usage of VCT clinic and to
participate in HIV and AIDS program.
Moreover, to determine the VCT clinic
workers, formal and informal leaders need to
improve the early detection. Methodology:
This is a qualitative research. Data collected
by in-depth interview. The subjects were the
patients and their family, high-risk people,
health workers and VCT clinic worker, also
formal and informal leaders. The data
analyzed by thematic analysis. Additionally,
data and processes related to HIV-AIDS
program was analyzed. Results: Half of the
patients stay in the city, but half stay in
villages which increasing the need for closer
VCT to them; mode of transmission mostly sex
and some because of migrant work. Most of
subjects have low comprehensive knowledge
about HIV and AIDS, especially the community
and leaders. Health promotion given but have
to employ more suitable method and should
collaborate with more preferred people to
approach patients, groups and community.
Senior local health worker or senior health
worker accompanied by local people is
expected to go down to villages or groups so
communication between health worker and
community can be revived and stigma that is
very high can be reduce, and the fear of test
result also expected lessening. Extensive and
intensive support for early detection and
patientâ€™s care need to be prepared so the
high risk population can be persuaded to do
the test and to participate in prevention of
wider transmission. Funding, reagent, facility,
ARV, and training need to be prearranged
more and monitored so the availability is
assure. Conclusion: The felt and normative
needs show that leaders, health worker, VCT
clinic and HIV-AIDS program should be
prepared further and closer to the risk
population in order to decrease the stigma
and to increase participation. Keywords: HIV
and AIDS, need assessment, Voluntary
Counseling
and Test, Ende
District
ID: 146
92. STRATEGY OF â€œSISTEM INFORMASI
DAN KOMUNIKASIâ€• (SISFOKOM)
UNIVERSAL COVERAGE OF HEALTH
SERVICES TO SUPPORT THE HEALTH
SYSTEM REFORM AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL
HEALTH COVERAGE CONCERNING
EQUITY AND QUALITY
Zahrina Laborahima, Zahrina
University of Indonesia
Backgrounds Health is the primary
requirement and should be the responsibility
of the state to people, but this time the
population of Indonesia who have health
insurance simply reserve the 151.5 million or
63.5 percent. Through the Law Commission.
40 of 2004 on National Social Security System
(Navigation). Indonesian people get health
insurance without exception, then backed up
with the enactment of Law No. 24 Year 2011
regarding BPJS which start to be implemented
from January 2014. Objectives To improve the
health state of Indonesia people. Health
insurance is absolutely necessary, as the right
of all citizens to have health care and the
guarantee in the form of health insurance.
The universal health insurance that will be
applied have to consider the matters related
the roles and responsibilities of all part
completely, human resources, and Health
Insurance Professionals good governance.
Moreover, the ignorance of the people
against the government policy be one of the
issues that must be considered. Many people
that did not know about the Universal Health
Coverage. So strategy of communication and
information system is necessary for policies
that have made. It able to be implemented,
appropriate and sustainable. Methods With
the observation and review of the literature.
This Papper will explain the strategy to make
the strong and accountable system of
socialization to promote and give information
about universal health coverage. SISFOKOM
will involve all stakeholders include RT/RW
and have the program â€œSaya tahu
Jamkestaâ€•. Results The expected result
from the sisfokom strategy is to refine the
effective and efficient methods of jamkesmas.
Indonesia people from various background
have to know about the universal health
coverage, the system, the fee of contribution
and the facilities that will be accepted. In
order to there are no social problem that will
happen in next time. Conclusions The strategy
to inform the governmet policy or program is
important. Public have to understand what
the health service that become their rights
and what is the people responsible to get it.
Involving components of the society from the
simplest level have to do to solve the issue of
bureaucracy. The media of information also
must be suitable with the output and
outcome which is expected. Keywords :
Universal
Health
Coverage;
Strategy;
Sisfokom;
Health
ID: 148
93. MATERNAL MORTALITY IN INDONESIA:
FOLLOW UP STUDY OF PREGNANCY
RELATED DEATH OF THE INDONESIA
2010 CENSUS POPULATION
Tin Afifah, Teti Tejayanti, Yuslely Usman,
Felly Senewe, Putisari, Oster Suriani,
Lamria Pangaribuan, Thoman Pardosi,
Poetrijanti
Background: MMR in Indonesia is the highest
in South Asia. It is important to find maternal
cause of death as evident based for decision
makers. This paper is the part of The
Pregnancy Related Death Follow Up Study
were derive from Indonesia 2010 Census
Population data. Objectives: finding the
underlying cause of maternal death in
Indonesia. Methods: The population of this
study is pregnancy related death cases which
is determined solely by timing of death
relative to pregnancy, childbirth and two
months after birth (8484 cases). The primary
sampling unit is the distric and the sample
unit of this study is all pregnancy related
death cases in every district. The list of all the
district with the number cases which listed
based on 5 regions (Sumatera, Java-Bali,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi and East/others) as the
sample frame. The 134 districts were selected
by Stratified Probability Proportional to Size
(PPS) technique. The total number of 4167
cases was derived 134 districts in 27
provinces. The intervewers were revisit the all
4167 cases. Data collection was conducted in
mid November until mid Desember 2011 by
using autopsy verbal instrumen. The
interviewer was selected from those who
have DIII or parmedic education background,
and have experience on health survey. The
cause of death was diagnosed by medical
doctor based on ICD 10 and follow the rule of
principles causal relathipships use The MMDS
books to finding the final of underlying cause
of death. Result: The respons rate of revisit
was 91 percent (3796 cases) which 3389 cases
was diagnosed. The result showed that 53
ABSTRACT BOOK
percent maternal death at after birth periode.
The big five underlying cause of death in
Indonesia
are
hypethention
disorder/eclampsia and preeclamsia (32,61%),
hemorraghage at 22 weeks gestation (25.53
percent), Others (12,20%), other infection
(9,11%) and cardiovaskuler diseases (7,47%).
Conclusion: Maternal death is various
between region. The most cause of maternal
death in Indonesia is hypertention disorder
and followed by haemorrhage. Its must
prevendable with adequate antenatal care. Its
difference pattern between region. Keyword:
maternal mortality, maternal cause of death,
pregnancy related death, population census
ID: 150
94. COMPILATION OF STUDIES FOOD
CONSUMPTION, PHYSICAL EXERCISE,
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AND NUTRITIONAL
STATUS IN INDONESIA ADOLESCENCE
Tutik Wahyuni, Sri Krisnamurni
Department of Nutrition, Ministry of
Health Polytechnic Semarang, Indonesia
Backgrounds: Adolescent is an age of
transition from childhood to adulthood,
whereby physical changes and seeking selfidentity are some of its characteristics. The
interest of having ideal "body image" may
lead to insufficient food intake and problems
of adolescent health, such as bulimia or
anorexia . Other heaIth problems that often
occur are eating disorder, lack of sleep,
smoking, use of alcohol and illegal drugs.
Based on the above matters, it is necessary to
review nutrition studies that exist in
Indonesia, by looking at the current condition
of adolescent food consumption, physical
activity pattern, lifestyle, and nutrition status.
The data will be useful as baseline data to
support the design of Nutritional Guidelines
for adolescent in Indonesia. Objective: To
compile results of nutrition studies conducted
in Indonesia between 2000-2010. Methods :
Literature search was done using library visit
and internet searching. Studies with sample
â‰¥ 80 adolescents were included in the
compilation. Results : This review identified
130 studies. The percentage range of intake
compared tothe RDA wa as follows: energy
82-107%, protein 60-124%, carbohydrates 7892%, fat 68-115%, iron 95-99%, and vitamin- A
875%. Consumption of other nutrients and
nutrition related items that were available
included fiber, folic acid, vitamiB1, C, calcium,
zinc, iodized salt. More adolescents who live
in rural areas consumed vegetables and fruits
than their counterparts in urban areas (80%
vs.60% for vegetables and 61% vs. 45% for
fruits respectively. Adolescents who had
breakfast and consumed supplements (mostly
vitamin â€“C) varied in 23-94% and 5-65%.
Populer physical exercises for adolescent
were jogging (79%) and sport games (71%).
About one-third (29%) of adolescents had
healthy lifestyle, which included ten healthy
life behaviors and consuming food. From 30
studies that measured nutritional status using
Body Mass Index, 23%-88% of adolescents
were found normal, 0%-60% severe
underweight, and 0-13% obese. The
prevalence of anemia was 2-87%, while for
goiter 31-52%. Other information available
was Iodine Concentration in Urine (129 213Âµg/L) and Night Blindness (3.6% females;
2.5% males). Conclusions Setting populations
goals for nutrient intake and healthy lifestyle
is necessary to address unhealthy behaviors
and nutrition problems exist Key Words: food
consumption, physical exercise, healthy
lifestyle, nutritional status, adolescence,
Indonesia.
ID: 153
95. ROLE OF HEPARIN IN TISSUE FACTOR
PATHWAY INHIBITOR WAY TO INHIBIT
TISSUE FACTOR AND VASCULAR
ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR OF
MENINGIOMA TISSUE
Tiara Aninditha, Alida R. Harahap, Nurjati
C. Siregar, Esti Dwi Sabarati, Santoso
Cornain, Lugyanti Sukrisman,
Rahayuningsih Darma, Teguh AS
Ranakusuma
Faculty of Medicine University of
Indonesia
Background: Meningioma is the most
common primary intracranial tumors and
quite difficult to treat. As 90% of tumor cells
cause hypercoagulation by secreting tissue
factor (TF), the coagulation pathway was
hypothesized as an alternative approach to
treat meningiomas. Not only acts as a
procoagulant, but TF also triggers intracellular
signaling for angiogenesis by increasing
vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and
cells proliferation which can be evaluated by
Ki67 index. The administration of heparin in
malignancy may result in a better outcome. In
normal condition, TF is inhibited by tissue
factor pathway (TFPI) which its inhibitory
potential can be increased by heparin via its
binding to the third domain of TFPI. Thus
heparin may inhibit TF activity and function
including those related to angiogenesis. Aims:
To evaluate the role of heparin in TFPI
pathway in inhibiting TF and VEGF levels.
Furthermore, to evaluate the association
between grade of meningioma (based on
WHO) and TF and VEGF levels, and Ki67
proliferation. Methods: This was a cross
sectional and experimental study to
meningioma tissues which were collected
consecutively from January 2010 to January
2012. Tissue samples were divided into three
different
parts;
one
devoted
for
histopathology
examination
and
immunohistochemical staining of Ki67
antibody, one for protein extraction, and one
for cell culture. Each culture cells received
intervention by adding FVIIa, FXa, TFPI, and
heparin. VEGF level from the cell culture
medium and TF and VEGF levels from protein
extraction were measured by using ELISA.
Results: A total of 56 meningioma patients
were included, which mean age was 45 years
(28 - 73 years), dominated by female (83,9%)
and most of them (66,1%) have grade I tumor.
A median of TF and VEGF levels of the
samples were 284,02 (0,23 â€“ 2624,62) and
640,68 (0,88 â€“ 37.177,17) pg/mg protein.
There was a significant association between
TF level and VEGF level (p = 0,004), but no
significant association between degree of
malignancy and TF and VEGF. This study also
found that there was a significant association
between Ki67 proliferation index (cut off point
2,4%) and the grade of meningioma (p =
0,036). From the cell culture study, it was
found that there was 7,5% increment of VEGF
level after addition of FVIIa and 16,1%
increment of VEGF level after addition of TFPI
compared to controls. Conclusion: There was
an asociation between coagulation factor (TF)
and angiogenesis (VEGF). There was
significant
correlation
between
Ki67
proliferation index and the grade of
meningioma. Addition of FVIIa and TFPI tend
to increase VEGF level of the cell culture,
whereas addition of heparin, though not
statistically significant, tend to decrease its
level. Keywords: meningioma, heparin, tissue
factor,
VEGF,
TFPI,
Ki67.
ID: 154
96. ANALISIS PERBEDAAN TINGKAT
KEPUASAN PASIEN PESERTA JAMKESMAS
DENGAN PASIEN PESERTA JAMINAN
KESEHATAN ACEH (JKA) TERHADAP
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DIRUANG
RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN
ABSTRACT BOOK
ANAK PEMERINTAH ACEH TAHUN 2011
Fahmi Ichwansyah, Hafnidar
dan pasien JKA memiliki nilai mean/rata-rata
yang hampir sama (15,28 berbanding 15,68,
nilai p=0,522) dan Empathy (11,73 berbanding
11,15
nilai
p=0,230).
Loka Litbang Biomedis NAD
Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Jaminan
Kesehatan Aceh merupakan Program berobat
gratis yang dibiayai oleh pemerintah pusat
dan pemerintah daerah, kedua program ini
memiliki ketentuan yang berbeda yaitu
pembiayaan, fasilitas, pemberian jasa bagi
petugas dan ketersedian obat, perbedaan
tersebut dihipotesiskan terhadap kepuasan
pasien. Untuk mengetahui lebih jauh
dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk
mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kepuasan
pasien peserta Jamkesmas dengan pasien
peserta JKA diruang rawat inap rumah sakit
ibu dan anak pemerintah aceh tahun 2011.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Ibu
dan Anak Pemerintah aceh mulai dari tanggal
20 Mei - 10 Juni 2011 yang bersifat analitik
dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi
adalah pasien rawat inap yang menggunakan
kartu Jamkesmas sebanyak 899 orang dan
yang menggunakan JKA sebanyak 1618 orang,
ukuran sampel dicari dengan menggunakan
rumus estimasi beda dua proporsi dengan
jumlah 40 peserta Jamkesmas dan 40 peserta
JKA. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan
teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria
yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian.
Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan
kuesioner/metode wawancara. Data di
analisis dengan metode independen t-test dua
sampel. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh Nilai
mean/rata-rata kepuasan pasien JKA lebih
tinggi daripada pasien Jamkesmas terhadap
dimensi kualitas mutu Tanggapan (15,23
berbanding 15,5, nilai p=0,016), Jaminan
(18,15 berbanding 15.68, nilai p=0,0005),
Bukti langsung (17,95 berbanding 15,75 nilai
p=0,0005), sedangkan untuk dimensi kualitas
mutu kehandalan antara pasien Jamkesmas
ID: 160
97. WHAT ARE THE RELATIONSHIPS
BETWEEN DRINKING-WATER SUPPLY,
SANITATION AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH
CARE COVERAGE? RESULTS FROM THE
INDONESIA BASIC HEALTH RESEARCH
2010
Sri Irianti, Puguh Prasetyoputra, SE,
MHEcon, D. Anwar Musadad, SKM, M.Kes
BACKGROUND: The Millennium Development
Goal (MDG) drinking-water target was met in
2010, five years ahead of schedule. However,
in 2010, 43 million Indonesians are still
without access to an improved water source,
while 110 million do not have access to
improved sanitation. Lack of access to
improved drinking-water and sanitation brings
severe health and economic consequences. In
2008, 4.3% of global deaths are attributable
to diarrhoeal diseases, which can be
prevented by improving drinking water and
sanitation. Moreover, poor sanitation and
hygiene costs Indonesia a hefty IDR 56 trillion,
equivalent to 2.3% of gross domestic product.
The per capita losses are also known to be
higher
in
rural
areas.
Universal
implementation of improved sanitation and
hygiene could lead to up to IDR 40 trillion
(USD 4.5 billion) of economic saving.
Accounting for health impacts, the economic
saving would become even higher. The
Indonesian government will implement
universal health care coverage by 2014, and
the economic saving from improved
sanitation and hygiene could be used to fund
the universal health care coverage. Both
national- and household-based interventions
have been proven to be cost-effective.
However, their applicability depends on
socioeconomic context of Indonesian
households. If we can identify the significant
factors determining access to drinking-water
and sanitation, then appropriate policies can
be implemented to modify the feasible factors
to improve access to proper water and
sanitation. Therefore, health benefits and
economic saving can be gained. OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to identify the significant
factors affecting access to improved water
and sanitation including equity. METHODS:
This study uses data from the Indonesia Basic
Health Survey in 2010 and by applying logistic
regression, access to water and sanitation will
be regressed on distance to water source,
time taken to reach the source, person in
charge of accessing the water, availability of
water all year long, controlled by geographical
locations, socioeconomic indicators proxied
by expenditure and housing characteristics.
Access to sanitation will also be regressed on
socioeconomic indicators and geographical
locations. RESULTS: Distance to water source,
time taken to reach the water source, person
in charge of accessing the water, and
availability of water significantly determine
access to drinking-water; while socioeconomic
indicators significantly determine access to
sanitation. CONCLUSION: Appropriate policies
can be implemented to modify the significant
factors determining access to improved
drinking-water and sanitation and thus
bringing health benefits and economic savings
which can be used to fund universal health
care
coverage.
ID: 162
98. SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI POTENSI
ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR
GATEP (Inocarpus fagiferus (Parkinson)
Fosb.) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN
GALUR SPRAGUE DAWLEY
Dewa Ayu Putu Rasmika Dewi, Desak
Gede Diah Dharma Santhi, Ni Putu. E.
Leliqia
Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences
Udayana University
Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap ekstrak
etanol akar Inocarpus fagiferus (Parkinson)
Fosb. yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil
kandungan kimia berdasarkan hasil skrining
fitokimia dan KLT-Densitometer serta potensi
antidiabetes yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini
dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama
dilakukan penentuan profil kandungan kimia
berdasarkan hasil skrining fitokimia dan KLTDensitometer. Tahap kedua dilakukan uji
potensi antidiabetes pada 6 kelompok tikus
jantan galur Sprague Dawley terdiri dari
kontrol normal, kontrol positif, kontrol negatif
dan 3 kelompok perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak
Fosb. berturut-turut sebesar 250, 500 dan
1000 mg/kgBB. Kadar glukosa darah seluruh
tikus diukur pada menit ke-0, 30, 60, 90 dan
120 kemudian data dianalisis dengan ANOVAone way dan LSD dengan taraf kepercayaan
95%. Hasil skrining fitokimia dan KLTDensitometer menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak
Fosb. mengandung golongan senyawa
triterpenoid, tanin dan flavonoid. Hasil
penentuan profil ekstrak etanol akar
Inocarpus fagiferus (Parkinson) Fosb. dengan
KLT-Densitometer menggunakan fase gerak nheksan-etil asetat (1:1 v/v) menunjukkan
bahwa terdapat bercak ungu Rf 0,70 (Î»maks
206 nm) yang diduga golongan triterpenoid;
pada fase gerak etil asetat-toluen (2:8 v/v)
menunjukkan bahwa bercak ungu Rf 0,48
ABSTRACT BOOK
(Î»maks 290 nm) diduga golongan tanin; pada
fase gerak toluen-etil asetat-asam formiat
(4:6:1 v/v) menunjukkan bahwa bercak hijau
kekuningan Rf 0,79 (Î»maks 287 nm) diduga
golongan flavonoid. Hasil penelitian ini
menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol akar
Inocarpus fagiferus (Parkinson) Fosb. dosis
250 mg/kgBB dan 500 mg/kgBB mempunyai
potensi dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa
darah hewan coba tikus putih jantan galur
Sprague Dawley setelah pembebanan glukosa
monohidrat
pada
menit
ke-60.
ID: 163
99. DETECTION OF NUCLEOPHOSMIN
(NPM1) GENE MUTATIONS AND ITS
ASSOCIATION WITH
IMMUNOPHENOTYPING AND
CYTOGENETICS IN ACUTE MYELOID
LEUKEMIA (AML)
Delta Fermikuri Akbar, Lyana
Setiawan,Meilani Syampurnawati
Faculty of Medicine University of
Indonesia
Mutations in nucleophosmin gene (NPM1)
exon 12 is the most frequent genetic
alteration detected in AML patients with
normal karyotype. The incidence of NPM1
mutations in adult AML approximately 25% 35%. The A Type mutation, tetranucleotide
TCTG duplication at position 956-959, is the
most common mutations in adult AML with
normal karyotype. The existence of NPM1
mutations in AML associated with good
response to therapy. These mutations can
also be used as a marker to detect minimal
residual disease (MRD). Therefore, the
analysis of NPM1 mutations emerged as a
new step in the diagnostic or prognostic AML
patients with normal karyotype. There has
been no research on NPM1 mutations in a
population of Indonesia, so there is no data
and reports of NPM1 mutations in a
population of Indonesia. Given Indonesia is a
multi-ethnic state, it also allows the existence
of variations of a new type of NPM1
mutations. Patients suspected of AML fills
informed consent and subsequently sampled
peripheral blood and bone marrow. The
sample was then preserved, performed
immunophenotyping, cytomorphology, and
cytogenetic. Examined samples of A type
NPM1 mutations using the techniques of the
ASO-RT-PCR, a negative result followed by
seminested-ASO-RT-PCR. To find other types
of NPM1 mutations performed PCR exon 12
and subsequent direct sequencing. From this
study, we found that only type A NPM1
mutations were detected and the frequency is
23.53%. This mutations express CD34 and
HLA-DR and had an abnormal cytogenetic.
ID: 168
CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST
CANCER PATIENTS IN SANGLAH
HOSPITAL, DENPASAR, BALI
100.
Putu Suariyani, Estuning Hanindyta
Mediasta, Pasek Kardiwinata, Made
Sutarga
Udayana University
CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST CANCER
PATIENTS IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL, DENPASAR,
BALI Background: Currently, Indonesia is
experiencing an epidemiological transition
where there is a shift from infectious diseases
to non-infectious diseases. There is an
increase in breast cancer cases, where breast
cancer the second numerous cases among
cancer incidence in the community. Risk
factors of breast cancer is multifactorial.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to
determine the characteristics of breast cancer
patients in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali
Methods: This research was a descriptive
study with case control design in Sanglah
Hospital. The case of these research was
breast cancer patients as many as 40 people
and the control as many as 40 who were by
simple random. Results: In this study, the
distribution of age groups in the cases group
was the age group 40-49 years as many as 15
people (37.5%). While most age groups in the
control group aged 30-39 years were 19
people (47.5%). There is a significant
difference between the level of education of
the case group and the control sample (pvalue = 0.025). education level which were
high school graduate / equivalent in cases
group and control group, respectively 18
people (45.0%) and 22 (55.0%). Group of case
was not working or housewives as many as 14
people (32.5%). Whereas in most of the
control that works as a civil servant 11 people
(27.5%). There were significant differences
between case groups work and control group
Conclusion: Therefore, the health department
needs to pay attention to the community
targeted group, especially its characteristics
which will be the target in breast cancer
prevention
program.
ID: 169
PERILAKU PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN
SEKSUAL NARAPIDANA NARKOBADAN
RISIKONYA TERHADAP PENULARAN
HIV/AIDSDI LAPAS KELAS IIA
JEMBER(THE BIHAVIOUR OF DRUG
INMATES IN SEXUAL FULFILLMENT IN
PENITENTIARY AND ITS RISK TOWARD
HIV/AIDS INFECTION IN CLASS IIA
JEMBER)
101.
Dewi Rokhmah, S.KM, M.Kes Rokhmah,
Husni Abdul Gani
Public Health Faculty University of Jember
PERILAKU PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN SEKSUAL
NARAPIDANA
NARKOBADAN
RISIKONYA
TERHADAP PENULARAN HIV/AIDS DI LAPAS
KELAS IIA JEMBER (THE BIHAVIOUR OF DRUG
INMATES IN SEXUAL FULFILLMENT IN
PENITENTIARY AND ITS RISK TOWARD
HIV/AIDS INFECTION IN CLASS IIA JEMBER)
ABSTRACT From 101.036 inmates in
penitentiary, 23.409 of them are because of
drug case. 70% of them are addict and 40%
are injection drug user (IDU). Most of them
are on active sexual aged. Penitentiary is the
high risk place in HIV Infection because
enhancement of high risk bihaviour. This
situation get worse because of high residental
level and limited health facility for inmates.
Consequently the mount of inmates test
result HIV positive always be increas. This
research aimed to analyse behaviour of drug
inmates in sexual fulfillment in penitentiary
and its risk toward HIV/AIDS infection in Class
IIA Jember. This research used qualitative
methode with fenomenology approach. The
data is collected by purposive sampling to 8
drug inmates, aged 20-55 by indepth
interview. The result of this research showed
that the majority of drug inmates have libido
in penitentiary. Only a few of them can
diverted their libido with doing another
activity in work area or praying. The behaviour
of sexual fulfillment of drug inmates are
warious. Majority of drug inmates did
masturbation. A few of them used blue film
from MP3. A few of them did another activity
in order to fulfill their sexual satisfaction of
themself and their sexual partner by inserting
2-20 bullets from toothbrush handle to their
penis using knife making from toothbrush
handle and coffee powder as depresant.
Another responden said when libido came
and they did not have any actifity, they
drawed tatoo from dynamo toys modificated
with bateray. This actities caused transmision
HIV/AIDS to inmates because there was blood
contact from unsteril tools between inmates.
ABSTRACT BOOK
This research concluded that there were risk
behaviour in drug inmates in sexual
fulfillment. Extra controling is needed to drug
inmates actifity and tools were carried in
penitentiary. Keywords : drug inmates, sexual
fulfillment
behaviour,
HIV/AIDS
ID: 172
ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION OF
THE PANDEMIC H1N1PDM09 PATIENTS
IN INDONESIA IN 2009
102.
Ni Ketut Susilarini, N.K Susilarini, Vivi
Setiawaty, Mursinah, Herna Hariandja,
Nur Ika Hariastuti, Krisna Nur A.P
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Background Until December 2009, in
Indonesia, 1892 suspected cases of H1N1
were
reported
and
the
laboratory
examination was conducted at the Center for
Biomedical and Basic Health Technology,
NIHRD. 890 positive cases were confirmed
Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 and 12 deaths
(Unpublished data). Influenza is a disease
caused by influenza viruses that normally
infect the human respiratory system that
often require hospitalization until death.
Antigenic characterization of influenza should
be identified from virus isolates which are
obtained from clinical specimens is an
essential part of influenza surveillance in the
whole world. This study will conduct the
antigenic characterization of influenza virus
isolates from cases Influenza A/H1N1pdm09
in 2009 in Indonesia which have not been
elucidated.
Methods
Positive
clinical
specimens Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 by RTPCR from archive samples were cultured using
MDCK cell. Firstly, grown culture was
confirmed by using Hemagglutinasi (HA) test.
Afterward, it will be characterized using
Hemagglutinasi inhibition (HI) methods with
reference
antisera A/California/07/2009
(H1N1) pdm and A / Influenza / Brisbane /
H1N1pdm. Results There are 205 specimens
that met inclusion criteria for virus cultured.
All isolates that can be grown were detected
by using Hemagglutinasi (HA) test. Total 68
specimens or 33.2% out of 205 specimens
were successfully grown and 3 specimens
(1.46%) who eventually were excluded
because of contamination. Of the 68 positive
isolates
of
influenza
followed
by
Hemagglutinasi Inhibition (HI) examination to
identify antigenic characterization using two
reference antisera ; A/California/07/2009
(H1N1) and A/Influenza/Brisbane/H1N1pdm.
All isolates (100%) showed antibodies to the
antigen binding antisera A/California/07/2009
(H1N1) pdm. Conclusion Regarding to the
result, definitely, all H1N1pdm09 human cases
which were circulating in Indonesia in 2009
had an A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) pdm
type. Keyword : H1N1pdm09,Indonesia, 2009
ID: 174
PREVENTION MODEL OF MALARIA
INCIDENCE IN AMBON
103.
Richard Nahumury, Chatarina U.Wahyuni,
Lucia Y. Hendrati
BTKL & PP Ambon
PREVENTION MODEL OF MALARIA INCIDENCE
IN AMBON Ambon is one of the 11 districts /
city in the province of Maluku to the number
of cases of malaria is high. Annual Parasite
Incidence (API) of Ambon in 2011 was 4.7 per
1000 population. Of the 50 villages in Ambon
32% of them are in areas with a high case
incidence stratification. The purpose of this
study is to formulate a model of the incidence
of malaria prevention in Ambon. The study
was observational, using case-control design,
which was done to measure the risk of the
independent
variables
include
the
environment in the home, outside the home
environment, socio-cultural, health care and
the dependent variable was the incidence of
malaria. Groups of cases are individuals who
tested positive for malaria by microscopic
examination, while control is the individual
who expressed negative microscopic malaria
with laboratory test centers. The results
showed that the risk factors for not suffering
from malaria is the use of wire netting (OR =
2.538, 95% CI = 1.214 to 5.306), the presence
of the ceiling (OR = 2.854, 95% CI = 1.461 to
5.574), the presence of larvae (OR = 3.248,
95% CI = 1.280 to 8.240), use of bed nets (OR
= 2.667, 95% CI = 1.315 to 5.409), and using
insect repellent (OR = 2.638, 95% CI = 1393 to
4.996). Dominant factor for the prevention of
malaria is the presence of Anopheles
mosquito larvae. The resulting model is the
use of wire netting, where ceiling of the
house, the presence of Anopheles mosquito
larvae the use of mosquito nets and the use of
anti-mosquito with predictive value for
malaria does not occur as much as 92%. It is
recommended for the environmental clean up
activities around especially in places where
potentially serve as a breeding place, for the
Department of Health is to maximize the
vector control program to control larvae of
Anopheles sp with a chemical (larvaciding)
and against adult mosquitoes. Keywords:
Malaria,
Prevention,
Risk
Factors.
ID: 175
DETERMINANTS OF EXCLUSIVE
BREASTFEEDING IN RURAL JAVA.
RESULT OF AN EXCLUSIVE
BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION
104.
Kun Aristiati Susiloretni, Yati S Sunarto,
Hamam Hadi, RR Yayi Suryo Prabandari
Semarang Health Polytechnic
Abstract Backgrounds: Exclusive breastfeeding
(EBF) during the six months of life plays an
important role in child survival. However, the
prevalence and duration of EBF tend to
decrease in Indonesia. To improve EBF
duration, we have to treat the suspected
factors of the decline of EBF. Objective. The
aim of the study is to identify EBF
determinants at maternal, family, community,
and organizational level. Methods. This was a
pretest posttest control group design with
one group per condition which two public
health centers (PHC) in the Demak District as
a unit intervention. A total of 163 families
were enrolled, including pregnant mothers,
fathers, and grandmothers. We also recruited
the social environments of the mothers, i.e.
voluntary health workers, traditional birth
attendants, Muslim scholars, heads of villages,
village midwives, and PHC staff. The outcome
measured were EBF duration and the
predictors at multiple levels. We analyzed
using Cox proportional-hazard model. We did
not analyze using multilevel analysis due to
some reasons. Results. We analyzed EBF
determinants at each level and the final
model for all levels. At maternal level,
mothers who had lower knowledge, lower
attitudes, and breastfeeding difficulties were
more likely to stop EBF. At family level,
mothers who lived with fathers with low
knowledge and attitudes, and grandmothers
with low attitudes were more likely to feed
their babies. At community level, mothers
who lived in the village which village midwives
had low knowledge and attitudes, and Muslim
scholars had low knowledge were more likely
to stop EBF. At organizational level, mothers
who received free sample milk formula at
discharge and breastfeeding initiation >1 hour
were more likely to give food to their babies.
The final model showed a greater chance to
ABSTRACT BOOK
stop EBF in mothers with low knowledge
score (HR 2.36, 95%CI1.10-5.07), fathers with
low attitudes (HR 1.43, 95%CI 1.02-1.99), and
mothers received free sample milk formula at
discharge (HR 3.17, 95%CI 1.86-5.42).
Conclusions. The determinants of EBF
identified were categorized into maternal,
family, community, and organizational levels.
Those should be addressed when conducting
EBF promotion to prolong its duration and
prevalence.
Keywords.
determinants,
exclusive breastfeeding, , maternal level,
family level, community level, organizational
level
ID: 177
GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS AND
CULTURAL DETERMINANTS AND
IMPLICATIONS OF INFANT MORTALITY
IN MUNTIGUNUNG VILLAGE,
KARANGASEM REGENCY ,BALI PROVINCE
105.
Ni Putu Widarini Widarini, I Ketut
Tangking Widarsa, Luh Putu Suariyani,
Sutiari Ketut Rina Listyowati
PS IKM FK Universitas Udayana
Background: The condition of the area in the
village of Muntigunung Tianyar Kubu Sub
District, Karangasem, Bali Province, is very
alarming. This area consists of dry hills and
have no springs. Residents live scattered in 35
groups and a total of 12 groups are located in
the upper area, in the hills that are hard to
reach. The village has the largest number of
poor households in Karangasem regency and
is known as a contributor of Bali's biggest
beggar and the highest infant mortality rate in
Karangasem. Objective:This study aims to
identify the determinants of geographical and
cultural and the implications for infant
mortality in the village Muntigunung.
Methods: The study design was a descriptive-
explorative in the form of case studies. The
case are families that came from the top and
bottom of the hills who have experienced the
death of a baby one or more times in the last
5 years. Data collection uses qualitative
approach through observation and in-depth
interviews. Transcripts were analyzed by
descriptive-qualitative content according to
the purpose. Results: Geographical factors
influence infant mortality rate in the region.
Geographical factors seen from the ratio of
officers and health care to population and
transportation allows people to access health
services. Result of this research note that the
ratio of health workers to population in
Muntigunung is 1 / 5319. The road in
Muntigunung does not reach all the groups
and existing transit systems are also
inadequate. This will affect access to health
services at the health centers. Access
difficulties affect the quality of maternal care,
clean delivery and newborn care in
Muntigunung. Cultural factors also affect the
existence of the belief that childbirth is a
normal delivery at home, mostly labor helped
her husband and other family members and
the umbilical cord is cut with "ngad
"(sharpened bamboo) without sterilization.
This issue also contribute to high infant
mortality rate in Muntigunung Conclusions:
The condition of geographical and cultural
determinants associated with lower access to
health care is a serious issue that has
implications for the survival of poor children
as the next generation. To improve a
comprehensive and collaborative child health
status, efforts are needed in the population to
increase the access to quality services with
the improvement of the transport system so
that people's access to better health care and
equitable. Other efforts include Pustu
revitalization in Muntigunung, posyandu in its
infrastructure, personnel and programs.
Keywords:
Determinants,
geographical,
cultural,
Infant
Mortality
ID: 182
SOCIAL HEALTH FINANCING AND
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT ON
MATERNAL DEATHS IN INDONESIA:
USING THE FOLLOW UP STUDY OF
INDONESIA 2010 POPULATION CENSUS
DATA
106.
Anissa Rizkianti, Tin Afifah, Rika
Rachmalina, Prisca P. Arfines
Backgrounds: One of the health development
goals is to improve the optimal level of public
health, where Maternal Mortality Ratio
(MMR) is the important indicator. MMR in
Indonesia is the highest in Southeast Asia.
Low accessibility of maternal health care is
related to high cost and low community
participation that contributes to the high of
MMR. A follow-up study of Indonesia 2010
Population Census which had been
implemented by National Institute of Health
Research and Development provided some
information of social health financing and
community empowerment on maternal
deaths, and this article is part of the report.
Objectives: To obtain an overview of health
financing and community empowerment on
maternal deaths Methods: Follow-up study of
Indonesia 2010 Population Census is a noninterventional study with a cross-sectional
design. Population is all reported deaths
occurred during pregnancy for up to 2 months
after birth (1 January 2009 until data
collection) as 8464 cases, with a sample of
4167 cases based on 134 districts/cities
selected. Samples were obtained by PPS
stratified probability sampling technique.
2572 samples were met the inclusion criteria
of death up to 42 days after birth. Data
collection was used verbal autopsy
instruments and interviews were done by BPS
enumerators during November-December
2011. Variables of the study were included
demographic characteristics (age, rural/urban,
educational background, and employment),
the community status (availability of
emergency response vehicle â€œAmbulans
Desaâ€• and village alert system â€œDesa
Siagaâ€•), and also social health financing
(ownership and utilization of health
insurance). Results: The study result shows
that 43% cases had social health insurance,
while 60,5% of them used Jamkesmas, 8,9%
used SKTM, and 5,8% used Jamkesda.
Although there were only 70% who utilized
the insurances. Meanwhile, only 19% cases
lived on the district with village alert system
â€œDesa Siagaâ€• and 8,8% cases with
emergency response vehicle â€œAmbulans
Desaâ€•. Conclusions: The utilization of social
health insurance on maternal death cases is
still relatively low. It is also occurred to the
level of community empowerment of some
emergency cases related to maternal death
that remains low. Keyword: maternal death,
social
health
financing,
community
empowerment.
ID: 183
CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR AMONG
MATERNAL DEATH CASES IN INDONESIA:
FOLLOW UP STUDY OF PREGNANCY
RELATED DEATH OF THE INDONESIA
2010 POPULATION CENSUS
107.
Ika Saptarini, Tin Afifah, Novianti, Anissa
Rizkianti
Background: Every pregnant woman exposed
to the risk of maternal death. Maternal
ABSTRACT BOOK
Mortality Ratio in Indonesia is the highest in
Southeast Asia. The under existing socioeconomic conditions, inadequate of health
facilities and care seeking behavior are the
potential risks of pregnancy related death.
This paper is the part of report the Follow up
Study of pregnancy related death from
Indonesia
2010
Population
Census.
Objectives: To describe the care seeking
behavior among maternal death Methods:
Population is pregnancy related deaths in
Indonesia (8484 cases). All cases in every
district were defined as a unit sample. All
districts and the number of cases were listed
as sample frame and referred to 5 regions
(Sumatera, Java-Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi
and East Indonesia). The sampling of districts
used Stratified Probability Proportional to Size
(PPS) technique. There were a total of 4167
cases selected at 134 districts in 27 provinces
since 1 January 2009 until census, but only
2575 cases matched to inclusion criteria of
pregnancy related death until 42 days after
birth. The samples of pregnancy related death
cases of Indonesia 2010 Population Census
were interviewed by enumerator with criteria
of D3 education, experience in health survey
or paramedic educated. Data collection used
autopsy verbal instrument during November
until December 2011. Variables are
demographic background of the cases (age,
urban/rural, educational background) and
care seeking behavior (antenatal care, birth
attendant, post natal care and emergency
care). Result: The maternal death in rural is
higher than urban. Almost 92% maternal
mortality that reported used antenatal care.
The midwife is the highest percentage as birth
attendant (42%), 27% cases still asked the
traditional birth attendant and 40% still
delivered at home. Among complication
cases, only 80% got the treatment. Some
cases faced the referral system problem. The
three most common reasons of low
affordability of health services were distant
(35%), economics problems (32%) and
transportations (26%). Conclusion: Universal
coverage for pregnancy women vary between
regions. Pregnancy women tend to visit health
facility but in some area still more likely to
traditional birth attendant and delivered at
home. Keyword: maternal mortality, care
seeking behavior, pregnancy related death,
population
census
ID: 185
ANALISIS LANJUT RISET KESEHATAN
DASAR 2010: PENGGUNAAN
ARTEMISININ-BASED COMBINATION
THERAPY DI INDONESIA
108.
Yenni Risniati, Emiliana Tjitra
Latar
belakang
:
Artemisinin-Based
Combination Therapy (ACT) saat ini
merupakan pengobatan malaria pada kasus
yang hanya sudah dikonfirmasi dengan
pemeriksaan darah. Riset Kesehatan Dasar
(Riskesdas) 2010 melaporkan hanya 49% dari
responden yang positif malaria mendapatkan
ACT. Di Indonesia, Obat ACT di tiap daerah
berbeda-beda. Artesunat-amodiakuin di Jawa
mulai digunakan tahun 2004 dan di
Kalimantan-Sulawesi pada tahun 2010,
sedangkan di Papua sejak tahun 2008
menggunakan dihidrortemisinin-piperakuin.
Obat ACT sebagian besar sudah tersedia di
Puskesmas, sedangkan sarana kesehatan
lainnya terutama swasta dan praktik pribadi
mendapatkan obat ACT dari Dinas Kesehatan.
Tujuan : Menggambarkan penggunaan ACT di
Indonesia. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan
analisis lanjut dari data Riskesdas 2010. Data
diperoleh dari laboratorium data Badan
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Variabel dependen dalam analisis lanjut ini
adalah ACT pada kasus malaria yang
didiagnosis oleh tenaga kesehatan dalam satu
bulan terakhir, dan sebagai variabel
independen adalah karakteristik, daerah dan
sarana kesehatan termpat responden
didiagnosis. Hasil : Dari 1632 responden yang
didiagnosis malaria dengan pemeriksaan
darah dalam 1 bulan terakhir, hanya 761
(46,6%) mendapatkan ACT. ACT pada anak
(40%) lebih sedikit dibandingkan dewasa
(49,2%) (OR 0,7, CI 95%: 0,55-0,86, p=0,001).
Terdapat 35,2% responden yang mendapat
ACT dalam 24 jam, dan 41,7% responden yang
meminum obat ACT sampai habis. Hanya 32%
responden mendapat ACT dalam 24 jam dan
meminumnya hingga habis (pengobatan
efektif). Pengobatan efektif pada anak 26,8%
dan lebih banyak pada dewasa 34,1% dengan
OR 0,7 (95% CI: 0,56-0,90, p=0,005). Terdapat
36,4% responden di kota dan hanya 29,6%
responden di desa yang mendapat
pengobatan efektif (OR=1,4, CI 95%: 1,101,69, p=0,005). Penggunaan ACT tertinggi di
Jawa-Bali (70,8%), Sumatra (52,8%), Papua
(51,7%), Maluku dan sekitarnya (Maluku
Utara, NTB dan NTT) (46,8%), KalimantanSulawesi (44,9%), dan terendah di Papua
Barat (15,8%). Sarana kesehatan tempat
responden terakhir didiagnosis malaria yang
paling banyak menggunakan ACT adalah
Poskesdes (87,5%), sarana kesehatan lainnya
yang banyak adalah Puskesmas (51,6%),
Rumah Sakit Pemerintah (49,8%) dan Polindes
(51,2%). Sarana kesehatan yang sedikit
menggunakan ACT adalah Puskesmas
Pembantu (43,5%), praktik dokter (42,2%),
praktik bidan (41,1%), Rumah Sakit Swasta
(35,5%) dan Klinik/balai pengobatan (34,5%).
Kesimpulan : Penggunaan ACT di Indonesia
belum merata dan masih perlu ditingkatkan
terutama
pada
anak.
ID: 187
ANALISIS LANJUT RISET KESEHATAN
DASAR 2010:FAKTOR YANG BERPERAN
TERHADAP KEJADIAN MALARIA DI
WILAYAH INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR
109.
Eni Yuwarni, Yenni Risniati, Dwi Hapsari,
Emiliana Tjitra
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Latar belakang: Kejadian malaria dipengaruhi
oleh penjamu, parasit malaria dan lingkungan.
Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010
melaporkan angka kejadian malaria di seluruh
provinsi wilayah Indonesia bagian Timur
diatas angka nasional yaitu 22,9 permil. Pada
Riskesdas 2010 tersedia data karakteristik
penderita malaria dan data lingkungan tempat
tinggal yang terbatas. Analisis lebih lanjut data
yang tersedia tersebut dengan kejadian
malaria di Indonesia bagian Timur menarik
dilakukan. Tujuan: Menilai hubungan kejadian
malaria dengan faktor karakteristik penduduk
dan lingkungan fisik . Metode: Penelitian ini
merupakan analisis lanjut dari data wilayah
Indonesia bagian Timur yang dikumpulkan
pada Riskesdas 2010. Variabel dependen
adalah kejadian malaria dalam satu tahun
terakhir yang didiagnosis oleh tenaga
kesehatan berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan
darah, dan sebagai variabel independen
adalah karakteristik individu dan lingkungan
fisik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji regresi
logistik ganda untuk menentukan faktor yang
berperan terhadap kejadian malaria. Hasil:
Dari 23.451 responden di wilayah Indonesia
bagian Timur, sebanyak 11,7% (95% CI:10,612,8) mengalami kejadian malaria. Responden
yang tinggal di Papua mengalami kejadian
malaria 4,2 (95% CI: 3,5-5.1, p=0,000) kali
lebih tinggi dibandingkan responden yang
tinggal diluar Papua, sedangkan responden
laki-laki mengalami kejadian malaria 1,2 (95%
CI: 1,1-1,4), p=0,000) kali responden
perempuan, dan responden yang tinggal
ABSTRACT BOOK
dekat pemeliharaan hewan besar mempunyai
risiko 1,9 (95% CI: 1,5-2,4, p=0,000) kali
dibandingkan dengan yang tidak tinggal di
disekitar tempat pemeliharaan hewan besar.
Kesimpulan: Masyarakat di Papua, laki-laki
dan tinggal di dekat tempat pemeliharaan
hewan besar adalah kelompok berisiko
terhadap kejadian malaria di Indonesia bagian
Timur.
ID: 188
THE EFFECT ON LIFE QUALITY OF
ORAL CANCER PATIENTS AFTER THE
ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
110.
Chi-Chang Chang
Chung-Shan Medical University
Backgrounds According toÂ statistics ofÂ the
Department
of
Health
in
Taiwan,Â theÂ percentage of oralÂ cancer
death
rankedÂ theÂ fourth
among
men,Â there wereÂ 35.9 people with oral
cancerÂ per ten thousand, andÂ oral cancer
occurÂ death ageÂ haveÂ been dropping as
well. One can only imagine the impact of
these changes to their quality of life as a
result of these changes . Objectives The
objective of this study was to investigate the
extent of psychological symptoms that
individuals experience following orthopedic
trauma and whether these are associated
with quality of life. Further, this study can act
as a guide in improving and creating a quality
of lifeÂ rehabilitationÂ of care for patients
with oral cancer . Methods This study
adoptedÂ theÂ cross-sectionalÂ survey,Â the
sample consisted of one sixty-four patients (>
age 18) with oral cancer, recruited from
theÂ orthopedic clinic ofÂ Medical CenterÂ at
central Taiwan, were Chinese speaking , were
cognitively
able
to
complete
the
questionnaires and provided informed
consent .Â The participants completed 2
established
questionnaires,Â SCL90RÂ scaleÂ and
SF-36.Descriptive
and
inferential statistics were used in the analysis.
Additionally, we conducted regression
analyses to determine predictors of quality of
life among study patients. Results The
proposed model predicted 54.6% of the
variance in patientsâ€™ SF-36 Mental
Component
scores.
Patient
Physical
Component summary scores were associated
with older age ( Î² = 0.308, P =0.006), state of
education (Î² = 0.308, P = 0.006),smoking
habit (Î² = -0.249, P = 0.048) , surgical
management(Î² = 0.193, P = 0.048) and
Positive Symptom Distress Index (i.e., the
intensity of psychological symptoms; Î²= 0.782, P = 0.022). In addition , the proposed
model predicted 47.4%of the variance in
patientsâ€™ SF-36 Physical Component
scores. Patient Mental Component summary
scores were associated with Somatization (Î² =
-0.354, P = 0.002) , Anxiety(Î²= 0.654,P
=0.022), Hostility(Î²= -0.375,P =0.048),
Psychoticism (Î²= -0.5,P =0.031),and Global
Severity Index (Î²= 4.463,P =0.005) .
Conclusions In a prospective study of 64
patients, 1 in 3 met the threshold for
psychological
distress.
psychological
symptoms were significantly associated with
both SF-36 Physical Component and Mental
Component summary scores. Future research
is necessary to determine whether orthopedic
surgery patients would benefit from early
screening and intervention to address
comorbid
psychopathology.
ID: 192
DOSIS TUNGGAL ARTEMISININNAFTOKUIN DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN
DIHIDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAKUIN
PADA SUBYEK DEWASA TERINFEKSI
PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM TANPA
KOMPLIKASI DI INDONESIA
111.
Hadjar Siswantoro, Armedy Ronny
Hasugian, Telly Purnamasari, Sri Laning,
Lidwina Yanuar, Tersila Dedang, Emiliana
Tjitra
LATAR BELAKANG: Saat ini progam
menggunakan kombinasi dihidroartemisininpiperakuin (DHP) sebagai obat lini pertama
untuk malaria falsiparum tanpa komplikasi.
Telah dilaporkan terjadinya penurunan efikasi
ACT yang dapat diakibatkan karena dosis obat
tidak diminum sesuai petunjuk dokter.
Kombinasi artemisinin-napthokuin (ANT)
merupakan obat ACT baru dengan dosis sekali
minum yang dapat memperbaiki kepatuhan
minum
obat.
TUJUAN:
Membuktikan
keamanan dan efektifitas ANT dosis tunggal
sama dengan DHP pada pengobatan subyek
dewasa terinfeksi P. falciparum tanpa
komplikasi.
METODE:
Penelitian
ini
merupakan bagian dari studi invivo: â€œa
phase III, randomized, open label, to assess
the efficacy and safety of orally administered
fixed
single
dose
artemisinin
plus
naphthoquine (Arcoâ„¢) in comparison with
dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine (DuoCotecxinâ„¢), 1:1 (Arcoâ„¢:Duo-Cotecxinâ„¢)
in adult patients affected by acute,
uncomplicated
Plasmodium
falciparum,
Plasmodium vivax malaria and other malaria:
A Multi-centre study in Indonesiaâ€•. Uji
klinik dilakukan sesuai protokol WHO 2003.
Subyek penelitian diobservasi selama 42 hari,
dan analisis efikasi dilakukan dengan
menggunakan survival curve program SPSS 17
pada sampel intention to treat (ITT) dan
menurut protokol (PP). Keamanan dinilai
secara klinis. HASIL: Sebanyak 153 subyek
direkruit pada penelitian ini. Efikasi terapeutik
ANT pada hari ke 42 per populasi ITT dan PP
adalah 96.2% (95% CI: 94.1-99.5%) dan 100%
(95% CI: 96.8-100%), dan pada DHP adalah
89.2 % (95% CI:87.1-92.5) dan 97.1% (95%
CI:95.0-99.4). Rerata bebas parasit dan bebas
demam dengan ANT adalah 22.2+10.8 jam
dan 12.8 + 7.2 jam, dan 20.7+9.0 jam dan 12.3
+ 6.2 jam dengan DHP. Perbaikan kadar
hemoglobin terjadi pada hari ke 28 setelah
pengobatan ANT dan DHP. Kejadian
sampingan yang dilaporkan dengan ANT
adalah batuk sebanyak 2.5% dan 1.4% dengan
DHP. KESIMPULAN: Artemisinin-naftokuin
menunjukkan efikasi dan keamanan yang
sama dengan dihidroartemisinin-piperakuin
pada pengobatan subyek dewasa dengan
malaria falsiparum tanpa komplikasi. Kata
kunci:
dihidroartemisinin-piperakuin,
artemisinin-napthokuin,
Plasmodium
falciparum,
Indonesia.
ID: 195
EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION IN
INDONESIA FOR 21 YEARS AND HEALTH
CARE IMPLICATION ACCORDING TO
HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SURVEY,
NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY, BASELINE
HEALTH RESEARCH (1986-2007)
112.
Sarimawar Djaja
The result of cause of death from several
national health surveys could provide an
analysis of the epidemiological transition in
Indonesia as well as health care efforts to
improve public health. Material taken from
the Household Health Survey (HHS) 1986,
1992, 1995, National Heath Survey
(NHS/Surkesnas) 2001, Baseline Health
Research (BHR/Riskesdas) 2007 using crosssectional method for the death over a period
of one year before the survey in selected
households. The sample of the 1986 HHS
ABSTRACT BOOK
comes from 7 provinces covering 56,900
households (HH) based on stratified random
sampling technique. Household Health Survey
sample in 1992, 1995, 2001, 2007 using a
Susenas Core sample and or module that
include 65.664 HH, 206.240 HH,211.168 HH,
258.366 HH. Susenas samples taken with a
Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). Cause
of death data was collected by quesioner
using verbal autopsy technique and was
classified based on ICD 9 and 10. Ongoing
epidemiological transition period continues in
Indonesia and unfinished, this Epidemiological
Transition has started earlier in Java and Bali,
more powerful, and run faster than in regions
outer Java and Bali. Reduction burden of
disease is focused on communicable disease
(infectious, maternal-perinatal, nutritional
deficiencies) and non-communicable disease.
Non-communicable diseases to be prevented
and treated properly is endocrine disease,
diseases of the circulatory system (heart and
blood vessels including stroke), and neoplasm.
In Java Bali region, the burden to overcome
non communicable disease is greater than the
burden to overcome communicable disease.
In outer Java Bali region, the burden to handle
communicable disease including maternal
disease and perinatal disorder is greater than
in Java Bali region. The Government
responsible for realising equitable health care
for all citizens, improving the quality of health
care resources and arrangement performance
of duty are evenly distributed throughout
Indonesia.
Key
words:
epidemiologic
transition,
diseases,
region
ID: 197
PROFILAKSIS PRIMER
TUBERKULOSIS PADA ANAK DI
PUSKESMAS KOTA BEKASI
113.
Retna Mustika Indah, Armaji Kamaludi
Syarif
Latar Belakang : Tuberkulosis pada anak dapat
menyebabkan penurunan kualitas generasi.
Imunisasi dasar BCG tidak menjamin
kekebalan
anak
terhadap
penyakit
tuberkulosis. Pemberian INH profilaksis
merupakan salah satu cara untuk mencegah
penularan. Pedoman Nasional Pengendalian
Tuberkulosis mencantumkan pemberian
profilaksis pada anak, terutama balita yang
kontak erat dengan penderita tuberkulosis
dewasa.
Dalam
rangka
mendukung
penurunanan angka kesakitan tuberkulosis
pada anak, perlu diketahui gambaran
pelaksanaan kegiatan profilaksis primer
tuberkulosis pada anak di kota yang padat
penduduknya. Tujuan : Menggambarkan
fasilitas dan pelaksanaan kegiatan profilaksis
primer tuberkulosis pada anak di Puskesmas
Kota Bekasi. Metode : Penelitian ini berupa
survei di 31 Puskesmas kota Bekasi. Survei
dilakukan terhadap petugas pemegang
program tuberkulosis dengan wawancara dan
menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data
dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam
persen. Hasil : Seluruh Puskesmas tidak
mempunyai fasilitas pemeriksaan rontgen
thorax. Empat (12,5%) Puskesmas dapat
melakukan pemeriksaan tuberkulin, dan 27
(87,5%) Puskesmas lainnya merujuk ke Rumah
Sakit atau Puskesmas lainnya. Sediaan INH
untuk dewasa tersedia di 12 (38,8%)
Puskesmas. Semua Puskesmas mempunyai
buku Pedoman Nasional Penanggulangan
Tuberkulosis. Sebanyak 20 (64,5%) Puskesmas
mempunyai 1 petugas yang telah dilatih
program direct observe treatments (DOTs), 9
(29%) Puskesmas memiliki 2 petugas yang
telah dilatih DOTs, dan 2 (6,5%) Puskesmas
mempunyai 3 petugas yang telah ikut
pelatihan DOTs. Rata-rata masa kerja di
Puskesmas selama 8.5 tahun. Hanya 2 (6,5%)
petugas pemegang program TB menjawab
seluruh 11 pertanyaan mengenai skoring
tuberkulosis dan profilaksis dengan benar.
Dari 13 (41,9%) Puskesmas yang telah
melakukan skoring pada tuberkulosis anak
sebagai dasar untuk pengobatan atau
pemberian profilaksis, hanya 3 (9,7%)
Puskesmas yang melakukan profilaksis primer
pada anak yang kontak erat sejak tahun 2011.
Puskesmas dengan kasus BTA positif
terbanyak belum melaksanakan kegitan
profilaksis. Demikian pula, Puskesmas dengan
kasus
anak
terbanyak
juga
belum
melaksanakan
pemberian
profilaksis.
Kesimpulan : Profilaksis primer tuberkulosis
pada anak belum dilaksanakan rutin.
Sosialisasi, pelatihan secara berkala kepada
petugas, dan peningkatan fasilitas Puskesmas
diperlukan untuk menunjang pemberian
profilaksis. Kata kunci: tuberkulosis, anak,
profilaksis,
primer,
Bekasi
Therefore, a confirmation diagnoses using
molecular techniques is required to obtain
definitive result. Samples are blood spot of
malaria patients collected from an exploration
study of P knowlesi in several sites in
Kalimantan. The DNA was extracted using
commercial column method. A Nested PCR
method was applied using primers of rPLU1rPLU5 for the first round PCR, and rPLU3
â€“rPLU4 for a nested PCR to identify the
Plasmodium genus. When the result is
positive, another nested PCR using primer of
Kn1f and Kn3r is run to identity P knowlesi
from the first PCR product. Nucleotide
sequence analysis was conducted to confirm
the result. The result shows that there was
one sample identified as P knowlesi, the size
of the band is 290 bp. Sequence analysis from
the PCR product showed that the sequence is
100 % identical with ss ribosomal RNA P
knowlesi gene previously submitted to
GenBank. Key words: Plasmodium knowlesi,
identification,
molecular
ID: 202
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF
PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI FROM SOUTH
KALIMANTAN
114.
Rita Marleta Dewi, Rita Kusriastuti, Retno
Triastuti, Sarwo Handayani, Endah Aryani,
Ryanti Ekowatiningsih, Budi Prasetyrini,
Basundari Sri Utami, Sahat Ompusunggu,
Sekar Tuti, and Balbir Singh
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
ABSTRACT Plasmodium knowlesi is the fifth
human Plasmodium which previously infected
macaques. Microscopically, this Plasmodium
was doubtly identified as P falciparum or P
malariae, since in the young stage the
morphology is look like P falciparum and its
similar to P malariae in mature stage.
ID: 203
CONFIRMATION OF PLASMODIUM
FALCIPARUM TREATMENT FAILURE
CASES BY PCR GENOTYPING
115.
Ervi Salwati, Emiliana Tjitra
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
This study was a part of the activity in clinical
trial artemisinin-naphthoquine (AN) in
comparison
with
dihydroartemisininpiperaquine (DHP) in Maumere and Jayapura.
Treatment failure in clinical trial, may be
caused by P. falciparum resistant to
antimalarial drug or new infection. PCR
genotyping with three markers, merozoite
surface protein 1 (MSP1), merozoite surface
protein 2 (MSP2) and the glutamate-rich
ABSTRACT BOOK
protein (GLURP) has been recommended by
WHO to distinguish between parasite
resistant and new infection. In this study,
Plasmodium falciparum infections on failure
cases were genotyped for allelic variation in
the 3 markers, before (D0) and after
antimalarial drug treatment (DF). The
genotypes at D0 were compared by DF to
confirm 13 of 19 P.falciparum treatment
failure cases whether resistant or new
infection. PCR amplifications completely
successful 100% for MSP1 (D0 &DF), MSP2
(DF) and GLURP (D0) and the lowest (76,9% )
for GLURP (DF) and 69,2% (9 0f 13) when all 3
genes were combined. Interestingly, 3 of 4
(75%) samples with no amplification (mean
asexual parasite 4049 /ul), were found for
GLURP locus with day failure in the same day
(D35) and also shown there were gametocyts
at D0. Identification allele for each locus
genes shown that MSP1 had alleles lower (13
alleles) than others because MSP1 locus just
had one allele (D0 and DF). Conversely, for
MSP2 and GLURP, there were some additional
alleles either at D0 and DF. By comparing the
pattern of genotype P.falciparum at D0 and
DF each locus genes, the confirmation of
P.falciparum resistant from new infection
could be determined Outcome resistance and
new infection were interpreted based on the
WHO guidance. We found that the proportion
of recrudescence and new infection almost
the same (54% and 46%, respectively).
Recrudescence occurred within 17 days after
treatment and new infection occurred >28
days
after
treatment.
Key
words:
P.falciparum, PCR, MSP1, MSP2, GLURP, allele
_____________ 1 National Institute of Health
Research and Development, Ministry of
Health,
Jakarta,
Indonesia
ID: 204
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
â€œHYPERTENSION QUARTETâ€• FOR
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STUDENT TO
PREVENT HYPERTENSION CASES IN
DISTRICT REMPOA, 2012"
116.
Nadia Tahsinia, Badra Al- Aufa
Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan,
UIN Jakarta
Background: Hypertension is a major risk
factor for cardiovascular diseases. Based on
the results of field studies found on 2011, the
biggest health problems in the Rempoa Village
is hypertension. In January â€“ October 2011,
there are more than 1.140 prevalence of
hypertension. Most people with hypertension
in Rempoa is elderly. Then, based on depth
interview there are many risk factors that
affect the cases of hypertension in the elderly,
include stress, lack of rest, lifestyle, and diet
high in sodium. Prevention of hypertension
should be done early. Primary prevention can
be aimed to children and adolescents, so it
can be expected to break the chains of
hypertension. Left from thes thought,
researchers developed an interactive game
called â€œHypertension Quartetâ€•. This
game can do by 3-4 people and assisted by an
instructor at the end of game will provide an
explanatory of hypertension. Methods: The
method used in this study is a qualitative
method (semi-structured interviews), by
giving a few questions before and after the
game progresses. Results: After the game, the
students know about the dangers of
hypertention,
how
symptomps
and
prevention for it. So, they begin to avoid the
risk factors. From 10 children who play, there
are 8 students increased their knowledge.
Discussion and Conclusions: The results
showed that: Hypertention Quartet was
independently with increased hypertention
risk
in
School
Child.
PROFIL OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREUSÂ€™S CONTAMINANT IN INFANT
FORMULAS IN INDONESIA IN 2011
TUBERCULOSIS SUPPORT GROUP
"AWASI" (ATASI PENYAKITNYA,
WASPADA PENULARANNYA, IKUTI
PENGOBATANNYA): CONCRETE STEP
TOWARDS INDONESIA FREE OF
TUBERCULOSIS
Mariana Raini, Ani Isnawati, Nelly
Puspandari, Ondri Dwi Sampurno
Bastomy Ali Burhan, Amalia Riza Umami,
Mochammad Sholehuddin
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
118.
ID: 206
117.
Abstract Scope of exclusive breastfeeding is
still low because parents choose to give infant
formula. In 2010, Riskesdas 2010 report
showed national exclusive breastfeeding rates
is 15,3% (Riskesdas 2010). Powdered Infant
formula are not sterile product and could be
contaminated with various bacteria including
certain pathogen such as Staphylococcus
aureus. The aim of this study was to detect
the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in
infant formula in Indonesia. The study were
conducted in the Center of National
Laboratory of Drug and Food (CNLDF) and the
National Inastitute of Health Research and
Development (NIHRD) Laboratory from
January through June 2011. Methods used to
detect and enumerate S.aureus were
conventional culture method, biochemical
examination and API staph (BAM-FDA). Eighty
eight brand name powdered infant formula
were collected from retails in Indonesia by
Provincial Office the National Agency of Drug
and Food Control (NADFC). Result showed all
of powdered infant formula (88 samples) are
not contaminated with S. aureus. All of
powdered infant formula meet the
requirements of the National Agency of Drug
and Food Control (NADFC). Key words : infant
formula,
Staphylococcus
aureus,
contamination
ID: 210
Background In Indonesia, tuberculosis is the
third leading cause of death and including
East Java in Indonesia's largest contributor. In
Jember Regency there is an increasing
number of people alleged to be positive and
suffers from tuberculosis. These health
problems have to be solved with the building
of effective partnerships in tackling
tuberculosis and one step to solve the
problem is with the tuberculosis support
groups. Objectives Tuberculosis support group
â€œAWASIâ€• aims to help decrease
numbers of TB problems in Sukowono District
Jember Regency Methods This activity is
carried out by direct interview, observation
and documentation of the data. Data sources
used are primary and secondary data. The
location of the execution of the activities
carried out in the District of Sukowono. The
analysis of the situation carried out on the
20th-27th June 2011 while socializing
activities and declarations tuberculosis
support group was held on July 29, 2011
Results Tuberculosis support group was
formed with a Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer
and three sections namely netting section,
accompaniment section and counseling
section. Netting section functioned trapping
sufferers, mentoring section served as PMO
(Pengawas
Minum
Obat/Trustees
on
medication), and counseling section give you
guidance about TB. Conclusions Tuberculosis
support group â€•AWASIâ€• is to build a
partnership within the community as the
ABSTRACT BOOK
container to produce independent community
who care about health, espescially diseases of
the pulmonary tuberculosis. Stewardship in
this tuberculosis support group consists of exformer sufferers of tuberculosis, patients and
health workers from the Puskesmas
Sukowono. In this tuberculosis support group
â€•AWASIâ€•contained
three
sections
namely netting, mentoring and counseling
section that synergistically tackle tuberculosis
in Sukowono. Keywords : tuberculosis,
tuberculosis
support
group,
netting,
mentoring,
counseling
more than half of the informants trust the
food taboos. Taboo food on abstinence by the
informants are animal groups such as eggs,
catfish and meat. Groups in abstinence fruits
like mango, kuini, kasturi, pineapple and
durian. Group vegetables in cucumber
abstinence, abstinence and other foods in ice
water and herbs. Conclusion The occurrence
of anemia in pregnant women because of the
belief that food taboos should not be
consumed, but these foods contain many
nutrients for pregnant women. Keywords:
Pregnancy,
Food
Taboos,
Anemia
ID: 216
ID: 218
REVIEW OF CULTURE FOOD EVENTS
TABOO ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN
IN THE VILLAGE OF SUNGAI ALAT SUB
DISTRICT ASTAMBUL BANJAR 2011
119.
Meitria Syahadatina Noor, Adi Noegroho,
Siti Nur Fitriyana
IMPROVING QUALITY AND
COMMUNITY HEALTH AWARENESS
THROUGH RECOVERY PROGRAM FOR
DRUG ADDICT
120.
Riki Irawan, Eka Prahadian Abdurahman
Yayasan Caritas PSE
FK UNLAM
Iron nutritional anemia in pregnant women is
one public health problem in Indonesia
because the prevalence is quite high. The
main cause of anemia is iron deficiency.
Cultural food taboos is one of the causes of
anemia. The purpose of this study identifies
and analyzes the cultural factors of pregnant
women about food taboos on the incidence of
maternal anemia in the Village District
equipment River Astambul Banjar Regency in
2011. This type of research is exploratory
study using qualitative methods. The subject
of this study were 8 pregnant women with
anemia informant, the informant secondary
education that is second bottom, two
informants lower middle income and upper
secondary education two informants, two
informants upper middle income. The method
used in-depth interviews. The study found
Background â€¢ According to data from BNN
2011 the number of addicts and drug abusers
in Indonesia 2% of the total population of
Indonesia â€¢ The number of addicts and drug
abusers in North Sumatra by BNNP 259.715
people of a total population of 12.985.075
people. â€¢ The habit of some people in
North Sumatra who like to drink alcohol as a
behavioral addiction. â€¢ The majority of
addicts and drug abusers are in the productive
age and live in the family. â€¢ Understanding
Addiction by WHO, UNODC and Narcotics
Law, addicts are sick people in the Bio-PsychoSocial. â€¢ Addiction and drug abuse has a
direct impact on the family (wife, children,
parents and other family members). â€¢ The
disease is generally attack the addicts, drug
abusers and families such as HIV, hepatitis,
tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections,
impaired organ (heart, liver, stomach, etc.),
and Mental Disorder. â€¢ Co-depency as a
disease that often occurs in families addicts.
â€¢ Addiction Recovery is a main strategy to
improve the quality and health of addicts and
family awareness. â€¢ Recovery of drug
addiction aims to improve the quality of life of
addicts and families. â€¢ Four aspects that
restored the physical, mental, emotional and
spiritual. â€¢ Addicts and their families as a
community. Objectives The goal of the
recovery program are : â€¢ Improve access to
health care for addicts and families. â€¢
Restore the life pattern addict to a normal life
before he used drugs. â€¢ Improve the quality
of life of an addict. â€¢ Improved quality of
life of an addict is obtained when: improved
family relationships with addicts, addicts able
to face the problem, addicts have a purpose in
life, addicts have lifeskill, and 4 aspects:
physical, mental, and spiritual emosioanl
recovered. Methods The methods used to
answer the problems : â€¢ Provide
information centers and treatment centers
and drug addiction recovery community
based in North Sumatra. â€¢ Design and carry
out daily activities in drug addiction recovery
treatment center that touches aspects of BioPsycho-Social. â€¢ Provide outpatient services
and inpatient ward for addicts. â€¢ Intake and
assessment processes as a starting point early
intervention addiction recovery. â€¢ Establish
a referral system and collaboration with
health care providers and other service
providers. â€¢ Dissemination of information
services through the involvement of an addict,
media, outreach, community churches,
schools, schools, law enforcement, the public
and others. â€¢ Implementation of individual
counseling and family counseling services
available. Result â€¢ Community Churches,
schools, addiction recovery, law enforcement
officers and community members affected
communities refer to the program are
available. â€¢ From the activities carried out
in the information center is affordable and
recorded 566 drug addicts who access
services at the information center. â€¢ In
addiction recovery treatment center and
established a year since there are 26 people
who follow the inpatient addicts. â€¢ 26
resident has performed medical examinations
and medical treatment. â€¢ The presence of
health problems such as addiction and family
HIV, TB, STDs, hepatitis, organ disorders and
mental disorders. â€¢ Relationships with
family addicts improved. â€¢ Families
participate and be actively involved in the
recovery program. â€¢ Families have the right
information about addiction, a disease
common in addicts and how to access needed
health services. â€¢ Increased awareness and
quality of health of addicts and their families.
Conclusion Drug addiction recovery programs
are implemented with the active involvement
of families basically have a significant impact
on improving the quality of public health
awareness and given the high rate of
addiction and drug abuse in the community.
ID: 219
NILAI KESEPAKATAN MIKROSKOPIS
MALARIA DI BEBERAPA RUMAH SAKIT
DI JAYAPURA
121.
Endah Ariyanti, Riyanti Ekowatiningsih
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Latar Belakang. Papua merupakan daerah
endemisitas tinggi malaria, oleh karena itu
kemampuan tenaga mikroskopis sangat
diperlukan dalam mendiagnosis malaria. Hal
ini berkaitan juga dengan kebijakan
Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT)
yang memerlukan konfirmasi diagnosis
mikroskop. Tujuan penelitian adalah menilai
ketepatan tenaga mikroskopis rumah sakit
dalam diagnosis malaria. Metode. Cek silang
ABSTRACT BOOK
pemeriksaan mikroskopis dilakukan pada 301
apusan darah malaria yang diambil pada hari
0 (sebelum pengobatan) dari subyek
penelitian uji klinik artemisin â€“ naptokuin vs
dihidro artemisin â€“ piperakuin di tiga rumah
sakit di Jayapura. Cek silang dilakukan oleh
mikroskopis Badan Litbangkes terhadap
ketepatan hasil bacaan mikroskop yang
dinyatakan dengan nilai kesepakatan (kappa).
Hasil. Hasil cek silang menunjukkan bahwa
kemampuan tenaga mikroskopis di ketiga
Rumah Sakit di Jayapura dalam mendeteksi
malaria baik (100%), namun masih terdapat
kesalahan dalam menentukan spesies
Plasmodium. Ketepatan menentukan spesies
P falciparum sebesar 71,15%, P vivax (85,07%)
dan infeksi campuran (53,97%). Nilai kappa
untuk penentuan spesies di ketiga RS tersebut
adalah 0,53 â€“ 0,79. Pelatihan, penyegaran
dan supervisi mikroskopis terus diperlukan
untuk
meningkatkan
atau
menjaga
kemampuan
dan
ketrampilan
tenaga
mikroskopis.
ID: 220
COMPLETE BASIC IMMUNIZATION
SERVICES IN INDONESIA
122.
Idawati Muas
Background: The Ministry of Health
implement the DevelopmentProgram on
Immunization of children in an effort to
reduce the incidence of disease in children.
Imunization programs for disease preventable
disease by imunizations for children covered
under the program is a one ime immunization
of BCG, three DPT-HB, four times a polio
immunization and one measles immunization.
Indicators used to measure the achievement
of the immunization program is the
percentage of villages that achieve Universal
Child Immunization (UCI) is a in infant full
100% rural/urban villages in 2010 (MOH
2005). Indonesia has complete basic
immunization coverage rates are already
quite good, but some areas are still
low(Riskesdas 2007). Objective: Objective of
the analysis is to describe a complete basic
immunization in Indonesia 2010. Methods
/Description : Cross Sectional Study with
interviewsnusing a questionare covering all
provinces in Indonesia to the group of mother
who had children aged 12-23 month. Results /
Outcomes: The percentage of the children
aged 12-23 month sare fully immunized
according to a province in 2010 amounted
to53.8% and incomplete at 33.5%, the lowest
found in Papua (28.2%) and highest in DI
Yogyakarta (91.1%). Found 12.7% of children
12-23 months who have not been immunized,
with the highest found in Papua (35.3%) and
lowest in DI Yogyakata (0.0%). Meanwhile,
according to the characteristic tendency of
the higher level of education and economic
status, the higher the full immunization
coverage. Differences in full immunization
coverage of children age 12-23 months
according to the education of family heads
who are not heads of households with school
and college education is 30,5%. Differences in
full immunization coverage among children
aged 12-23 months of low economic status
(quintile-1) and highest (quintile-5) 21.6%.
The percentage of complete immunization in
urban areas is higher (59.1%) than in rural
(48.3%) and there are still 17.7% of children
12-23 months in rural areas who are not
immunized at all. Many studies show that fully
immunized in the implementation of such
factors influenced a lot of education,
economic level and location of residence
Conclusions / lessons learned: Services have
not been fully immunized according to the
proper, seen from the coverage of 53.8% of
that in programed 100%. It is hoped the public
would know the importance of immunization
to carry out a complete basic immunization.
And relevant agencies to carry out programs
for the achievement of targets are fully
immunized. Keyword : basic immunization
ID: 225
KEBIASAAN IBU MENIMBANG BALITA
DI POSYANDU DI PUSKESMAS SEPATAN,
KABUPATEN TANGERANG TAHUN 2008
123.
Feri Ahmadi, MPH
Background Untuk mengetahui status gizi
balita dilakukan penimbangan secara berkala
yang dilakukan di posyandu, atau fasilitas
kesehatan yang ada. Dari hasil penimbangan
balita pada tahun 2005, sebanyak 291.634
balita dan yang berada pada kondisi gizi buruk
sebanyak 0,38%. Objective Untuk mengetahui
secara rinci dan mendalam tentang alasanalasan kebiasan menimbang balita oleh ibu di
posyandu dan faktor-faktor menghambat dan
menunjang Subjects and Methods Penelitian
Kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus.
Penelitian dilakukan pada empat desa dalam
wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sepatan Kec.
Sepatan Kabupaten Tangerang Provinsi
Banten tahun 2008.Sampel dipilih secara
Purposive random sampling untuk ibu balita
yang rutin menimbangkan balita, dan ibu
balita yang tidak rutin menimbangkan balita
indepth interview, Focus group discussion
(FGD).Untuk Petugas Gizi, dan Pimpinan
Puskesmas dilakukan indepth interview. Data
diolah dengan menggunakan software
kualitatif yang ada. Data kualitatif hasil diskusi
kelompok terarah dan wawancara mendalam
diolah melalui teknik triangulasi berdasarkan
temuan atau makna Results 1. Predisposing
factors: Pada umumnya ibu yang melakukan
penimbang berumur 25 tahun dan 35 tahun,
dilihat kelompok umur tersebut adalah ibuibu muda yang aktif melakukan penimbang
bulanan, dan yang produktif untuk melakukan
aktifitas penimbangan, serta faktor umur
adalah sebagai indikator faktor pemicu:
â€•.....saya masih muda saya usahakan untuk
menimbang anak saya supaya sehat. Selain itu
pada tenyata anak balita yang tidak ditimbang
dengan dengan umur yang sudah tua untuk
membawa cucu ditimbang di posyandu
dirasakan sangat melelahkan dan merepotkan
untuk melaksanakannya, hal ini dipertegas
dengan pernyataan nenek tersebut :
â€•.....saya sudah tua malas sekali untuk
melakukan penimbang cucunya, jalan aja
sudah ngak kuat untuk ke posyanduâ€•
Disamping umur pekerjaan rumah tangga Ibu
juga akan mempengaruhi ibu datang ke
posyandu untuk menimbangkan balitanya hal
ini dipertegas pada pernyataan berikut ini
untuk ibu balita yang mau datang ke
posyandu : â€•.....saya mau datang ke
posyandu, walaupun pekerjaan rumah tangga
banyak,
tetapi
ada
keluarga
yang
mengingatkan untuk ke posyandu. Sedang
untuk Ibu balita yang tidak mau datang ke
posyandu terlihat dari pernyataan ibu balita
tersebut yaitu : â€•.....saya malas untuk ke
posyandu, pekerjaan rumah tangga ngak
putus-putus, boro boro mau ke posyandu pak
ngurus rumah aja repot benar. Dengan
demikian pekerjaan rumah tangga merupakan
salah satu penyebab ibu balita balita tidak
menimbangankan balita di posyandu.
Disamping pekerjaan yang menjadi pemicu
adalah pengetahuan ibu balita tersebut
tentang
manfaat
menimbang,dengan
menimbang berat badan secara rutin,berkala
diketahui
pertumbuhan
berat
badan
balitanya. Hal ini terlihat dari pernyataan ibu
balita tersebut: â€•.....supaya tahu berat
badannya, kalau berat badannya turun berarti
kurang sehat. â€•.....sehat aja pak kalau
ditimbang tiap bulannya â€•.....supaya tahu
ABSTRACT BOOK
berat badannya, kalau sakit beratnya jadi
kurang Dengan demikian ibu balita
mengetahui keaktifnya untuk memanfaatkan
posyandu agar menimbang balitanya secara
rutin tiap bulan, dengan demikian diharapkan
melakukan penimbangan tiap bulannya balita
diketahui kondisi kesehatannya. Sedang ibu
balita yang tidak aktif melakukan penimbang
tiap bulannya mempunyai belum mengetahui
dari manfaat melakukan penimbangan tiap
bulan hal ini terlihat dari pernyataan berikut
ini : â€•.....anak saya ma ditimbang atau tidak
beratnya sebegitu aja. Kebiasaan ibu balita
untuk menimbangkan balita adalah pekerjaan
yang rutin, dan berkala yang dilakukan oleh
ibu, kebiasaan ini dilakukan agar supaya
balitanya menjadi sehat, dan berat badan
terpantau karena dilakukan penimbangan
bulanan. Hal ini terlihat dari ungkapan ibu
balita yang disampaikan yaitu : Ibu balita yang
aktif melakukan penimbangan tiap bulannya.
â€•.....pokoknya sudah rutin aja melakukan
penimbangan tiap bulannya. â€•.....rutin aja
tiap awal bulan melakukan penimbangan di
rumah ibu kader. Ibu balita yang tidak aktif
tidak
ada
upaya
untuk
melakukan
penimbangan dikarenakan kebiasaan untuk
menimbangkan anak tidak ada. Hal ini terlihat
dari ungkapan ibu yang disampaikan.
â€•.....malas untuk menimbangkan anaknya
â€•.....badan sudah tua malas untuk
membawa posyandu 2.Enabling Factors
a.Kondisi Posyandu. Untuk melaksanakan
proses kegiatan penimbangan balita di
laksanakan di posyandu, adapun sarana yang
dibutuhkan untuk kegiatan tersebut antara
lain yaitu : adanya dacin untuk menimbang,
adanya sarung timbang, buku pencatatan dan
pelaporan. Disamping itu adanya tempat
untuk melakukan kegiatan penimbang, karena
tempat khusus untuk menimbang tersebut
tidak ada, maka tempat untuk menimbang
tersebut dilaksanakan di rumah kader sebagai
pos tempat penimbangan. â€•.....sarana yang
ada yaitu dacin, sarung timbang, tetapi untuk
tempat khusus untuk penimbang tidak ada,
jadi rumah saya (rumah kader) dibuat untuk
tempat penimbangan balita. â€•.....kalau KMS
sudah lama ngak ada, jadi untuk pencatatan
penimbangan dilakukan dibuku. â€•.....ya
yang bantu diposyandu melati 2 hanya dua
orang kader yang membantu kegiatan
posyandu, yang lain pak, ogah mau jadi kader.
Hanya saya membilangi warga, kader yang
satu lagi punya anak kecil masih repot. Jika
dilihat dengan kodisi posyandu tersebut masih
banyak kekurangan yang dibutuhkan untuk
melaksanakan kegiatan posyandu: antara lain
meja untuk kegiatan pelaksanaan posyandu,
Kartu Menuju Sehat, yang seharus dimiliki
oleh tiap-tiap ibu balita yang melaksanakan
kegiatan penimbangan, sehingga hasil
penimbangan yang diperoleh tiap-tiap dari
penimbangan dapat diketahui tingkat
pertumbuhan anak tersebut, sehingga dapat
disimpulkan bahwa anak tersebut naik
beratnya atau turun dari hasil penimbangan
tersebut. b.Kemudahan untuk menimbang.
Kemudahan untuk menimbang oleh ibu-ibu
yang mempunyai balita tidak menjadi
permasalahan, yaitu mudah dari akses yang di
jangkau,maksud jarak yang ditempuh antara
rumah dan tempat posyandu tidak terlalu
jauh. Seluruh responden menyatakan bahwa
jarak sangat dekat, dan waktu tempuh tidak
terlalu lama, hal ini terlihat dari ungkapan
yang dinyatakan oleh ibu balita . â€•.....ya
cuma 100 meter dari rumah, kira-kira 10
menit, jalan kaki. â€•.....mudah pak hanya 300
meter dekat kok dari rumah. Disamping
kemudahan dari segi jarak dan waktu,
kemudahan untuk mendapatkan pelayanan
penimbang tidak menjadi permasalahan, serta
penimbang tidak dikenakan biaya untuk
penimbang, hal ini terlihat dari ungkapan yang
dinyatakan oleh ibu balita . â€•.....mudah pak,
datang daftar dulu tak lama kemudian
dipanggil untuk ditimbang. â€•.....gratis tidak
bayar setiap kali penimbangan. Keramahan
yang diberikan oleh para kader, sangat baik
hal ini terlihat dari ungkapan yang dinyatakan
oleh ibu balita . â€•......enak di posyandu ini
ada yang mau memperhatikan kesehatan
orang yang kurang mampu. â€•......pelayanan
yang diberikan oleh kader ramah sekali.
3.Reinforcing Factors a. Dorongan suami dan
keluarga Peran keluarga atau suami untuk
mendorong ibu balita dalam melakukan
penimbangan anak sangat besar sekali,
walaupun motivasi ibu balita ada, tetapi tanpa
dorongan dari keluarga dan suami tidak akan
mungkin seorang ibu balita untuk melakukan
penimbangan. Hal ini terlihat dari ungkapan
yang dinyatakan oleh ibu balita yang aktif
menimbangkan anaknya di posyandu.
â€•.....kalau saya lupa suami saya yang
mengingatkan â€•.....waknya bilang tu ada
posyandu, cepat dibawa biar ditimbang.
â€•.....anak yang tua yang mengingatkan, ma
dedek belum ditimbang. Tetapi kenyataan
tersebut berbeda dengan ibu balita yang tidak
aktif menimbangkan balitannya. Hal ini
terlihat dari ungkapan yang disampaikan oleh
ibu balita â€•.....malas pak, suami pagi-pagi
udah kerja, repot, anak sewaktu ada kegiatan
posyandu selalu tidur. b. Dorongan tetangga.
Disamping peran keluarga dan suami peran
tetangga ikut juga seorang ibu balita untuk
membawa anaknya untuk melakukan
penimbangan berat badan anaknya. Hal ini
terlihat dari ungkapan yang dinyatakan oleh
ibu balita yang aktif menimbangkan anaknya
di posyandu. â€•.....tetangga bilang che ma
(mari) bawa anak besok ada ke posyandu
â€•......yuk bareng aja (tetangganya bilang)
besok keposyandu. Tetapi kenyataan tersebut
berbeda dengan ibu balita yang tidak aktif
menimbangkan balitannya. Hal ini terlihat dari
ungkapan yang disampaikan oleh ibu balita
â€•......yuk (tetangga mengajak) ke posyandu,
anak saya lagi tidur duluan aja. Conclusion
Umur Ibu balita yang 25-35 tahun,
Predisposing factors antara lain adaanya
upaya ibu balita untuk menimbangkan balita
ke posyandu, agar balitanya menjadi sehat.
Enabling Factors kemudahan dan letak
posyandu yang dekat dari rumah ibu
balita,dan keramahan petugas posyandu.
Reinforcing Factors adalah dorongan suami,
tetangga untuk melakukan penimbangan
balita. Advice: Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten
Tangerang menyediakan KMS, memberikan
support kepada bidan, kader agar lebih aktif
untuk memberikan pelayanan di posyandu,
serta perlu refresh training bagi para kader
lama, dan pelatihan bagi kader baru.
ID: 226
THE EFFECT OF TEMPE EXTRACT ON
BREAST CANCER CELLS APOPTOSIS AND
PROLIFERATION IN DMBA-INDUCED
RATS STRAIN WISTAR
124.
Bastomy Ali Burhan, dr. Candra Bumi,
M.Si
Background Cancer is the leading cause of
death worldwide and breast cancer is second
rank of largest cancer in the world. Breast
cancer ranked first on the patients
hospitalization throughout hospital in
Indonesia and ranked second in East Java.
Breast cancer require high costs, for both
preventions and treatments.Tempe contain
isoflavones that suspected be able to induce
apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of breast
cancer cells. Objectives Therefore this
research needs to be done to find out the
effect of tempe as breast cancer prevention
through increasing apoptosis and decreasing
proliferation of breast cancer cells. The
objective of this research is to examine and
analyze the effect of tempe extract to
increasing
apoptosis
and
decreasing
proliferation of breast cancer cells in DMBAinduced rats strain Wistar and to know the
effective doses of tempe extract. Methods
ABSTRACT BOOK
This research is a true experimental design
study using randomized posttest control
group design with completely randomized
design. Research done to Rattus norvegicus
strain Wistar induced DMBA and given tempe
extracts according to the oral dose per group.
The number of apoptosis and proliferation of
calculated and analyzed with MANOVA test
(Multivariate Analysis of Variance) and Simple
Linear Regression test. Results The results is
there are significant differences effect of
giving tempe extract against apoptosis and
proliferation of breast cancer cells in all dose
groups. Dose of 20 mg/kgBW has a significant
differences with the other treatment group.
The results showed the most effective dose is
the dose of 20 mg/kgBW. Keywords : tempe
extract, apoptosis, proliferation, breast cancer
cells
ID: 227
IMPACT OF JAMINAN PERSALINAN
POLICY TO JKBM PERSALINAN IN CITY OF
DENPASAR(CASE STUDY IN PUSKESMAS
II DENPASAR BARAT, RSUD
WANGAYAAND DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA
DENPASAR)
125.
Putu Ayu Indrayathi, Ngakan Bagus Danip
Pradipta
Udayana University
Backgrounds : In July 2011, Jampersal
program replaced the implementation of
JKBM persalinan in Denpasar. Since both
programs has different criteria therefore
several problems appeared. Objectives : This
study intended to find out implementation of
such programs from management and health
workerâ€™s perspective in Denpasar.
Methods : This research is a collective case
study with a qualitative descriptive, crosssectional design. Data was collected through
in-depth interview with 9 key informants,
which is selected through purposive sampling
methods. It consists of 2 informants from
Denpasar City Health Department, 3
informants from Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat
(West Denpasar Community Health Center II),
and 4 informants from RSUD Wangaya
(District Hospital). Results : In JKBM persalinan
program, access to health care services for
pregnant women are still limited. After
Jampersal is being implemented, access to
public services is increasing. There are no
much different regarding tarif of both
programs in West Denpasar Community
Health Center II. However, in RSUD Wangaya
JKBM persalinan rate is considered higher
than Jampersal and award given Jampersal
program felt very less, not comparable with
the specialist services provided. Regional
autonomy Wangaya hospitals should submit
proposals to Walikota Denpasar about the
subsidy cost of labor through cost sharing
from JKBM persalinan. Conclusion : Jampersal
has bring equity to all pregnant women in
Bali. This is because access to public services
is increasing. Since Jampersal can be used for
those who live in Bali but not Balinese The
thing need to taken into consideration is
synergy between Jampersal with Indonesia
family
planning
program
and
the
development of Jampersal should considering
Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2004 about
Pemerintahan Daerah. . Key word: JKBM
persalinan, Jampersal, City of Denpasar.
ID: 228
EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN PURI
RAHARJA HOSPITAL APPROACH TO
TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL
(TAM) 2012
126.
I Made Adi Sastrawan, Ketut Hari
Mulyawan
Udayana University
Puri Raharja Hospital has been using hospital
management information system (MIS RS)
that is integrated with client-server based.
The units that have integrated the medical
records, operator, cashier, pharmacy, ICU, ER,
VK, Laboratory, Askes, Warehouse, Patient
Care, and Finance. With the development of
information systems should be coupled with
increasing user are more competent.
Implementation of new systems in an
organization, resulting in the user tends to be
difficult to adapt to the system. This study a
descriptive research wich used cross sectional
approace. Sample used 32 user MIS RS in Puri
Raharja hospital.. Variable used is the
Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU)Perceived
Usefulness (PU), Attitude Toward Using (ATU),
Behavioral Intention to Use (ITU)and Actual
System Using (ASU). this study analyzed with
descriptive statistics. And the result, the
variable is the acceptance percentage from
the user is 84,4% (PEOU), 83,3% (PU), 63,5%
(ATU), 87,6% (ITU) and 81,2% (ASU). MIS RS
well received by users. User acceptance of
SIM in the hospital is very good. Although
there are things that are still considered to be
lacking the security of stored file. In this study
suggested to add anti-virus software. So that
file stored on each computer is secure.
Keyword: Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM), Information Systems Evaluation,
Hospital Management Information System
ID: 229
POSITIVE DEVIANCE IN FEEDING AND
CARE HABITS OF TODDLER IN REMOTE
AREAS SIDOARJO DISTRICT
127.
Lailatul Muniroh, Wahyu Dian Pratiwi
Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga
University
Backgrounds.Generally, children in poor
families, poor environmental sanitation, and
in remote areas with limited access to food
and health facilities, have impaired growth
and malnutrition. However, there are few
children actually have a good nutritional
status even in such unfavorable conditions.
This situation is called a positive deviance.
Objectives.This research was conducted to
describe the positive deviance in feeding and
care habits of toddler in remote areas
Sidoarjo district. Methods.This research was a
qualitative descriptive study with cross
sectional design. The number of informants
was 8 mothers from poor families who had
children aged 6-60 months in good nutrition,
which was determined by purposive sampling
technique. The data was obtained through
anthropometric measurements of children, indepth interviews, and direct observation. The
research variables were family characteristics,
environmental conditions, socio-culture,
consumption level of energy and protein, and
the positive deviance in feeding and care
habits. Results.The results showed that
although the parents of toddler was poor
family with low education levels, they had
some positive habits in terms of feeding were
giving colostrum and breastmilk since born,
giving various solid foods, and never give up
feeding when her toddler was sick. Positive of
care habits were talking and introducing
things around toddlers since childhood, never
got lazy to answer the questions asked
toddler, watchfull toddlers when played and
father didnâ€™t smoke around them.
Conclusions.The conclusion is the positive
deviance in the nutritional status of toddler
happens due to the positive habits that
parents do to their children, especially feeding
and care habits. Positive deviant mothers
should share their positive habits to the
ABSTRACT BOOK
people around them so that the whole
community can implement the positive habits
in their own family. In addition, the health
workers should give more attention to health
services in remote areas. Keywords : positive
deviance, feeding and care habits, nutritional
status,
toddler,
remote
areas
ID: 235
COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER
ENTRY (CPOE) APPLICATION SYSTEM ON
CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
STRENGTHENING OF PRESCRIBING IN
GMC HEALTH CENTER, GADJAH MADA
UNIVERSITY, YOGYAKARTA
128.
Al Asyary
University of Indonesia
Health is the discipline with data usage, which
is used to make the correct decision for
optimizing health care. This way continues to
develop in real-time or in routine which is
used to being as an good information in
decision-making in all management's levels. In
major of its applying, CPOE has been shown to
improve patient safety by reducing
medication errors and subsequent adverse
drug events (ADEs). Medication error such as
elixir writing, determination of dose and
correct drug type use at patient with the
certain health condition in health service can
be depressed. But, and so do own the
negative impact. One of them is the existence
of time addition in entry of patient
information by physician. The goals was to
identify how far the CPOE on prescribing
implementation or also called with electronic
prescribing in academic health facility of GMC
Health Center currently, especially from
technological themes, organizational policy,
and consumer perceived. This case study
design, depth interview and observation was
conducted in academic healthcare facility
GMC Health Center. The subject was
managers, physicians, and farmacists as enduser of CPOE system on presribing. From
interview guide and check list observation
tools obtained that CPOE on prescribing
implementation in GMC Health Center
influenced by some principles from existing
themes. Technology themes consisted by
technology itself/temporal concern, meeting
information needs, integrated systems, and
security system. Organizational themes
comprise with vision and leadership,
organizational context, project management
and continuous implementation, while
usefulness, entry behaviour, special people,
and training/support were about personal
themes. The results obtained that the
application system demonstrate absoultely
end-user (user comprising; management,
physicians, and pharmacists) agreed with the
needs of existing service flow. However,
based on the analysis of correlations in the
system, the diagnosis of disease present with
prescribed drug therapy found the use of
doses of prescription drugs pattern had
possibility of prescribing errors. CPOE systems
can not give a warning of the use of certain
drugs (alert) directly (real-time), also in the
decision making (decision support) from
information in the existing applications. For
that the need, about of optimum utilization of
this application systems has given the
usefulness of the efficiency of the service, but
its effectiveness in reducing or minimizing the
main goal in every health care need to be
improved. So it is not just paperless, but also
the system is used as a decision-support.
Keywords : CPOE, case study, successful
principle,
GMC
Health
Center
ID: 236
POTENTIAL OF TOBACCO PLANTS
(NICOTIANA BENTHAMIANA) AS THE
MEDIA DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES HIV/AIDS
129.
Bastomy Ali Burhan, Yasmin Alissa
Background Sexually transmitted diseases
HIV/AIDS is a disease that attacks the human
immune system and until now there is no
meaningful recovery or treatment. There
were 19.973 cases with the fatality cases were
3846 in Indonesia from January 1st, 1987 until
December 31st, 2009. Presumably because of
the high cost of treatment, then there is only
5-10% with HIV who could seek treatment
using recents drugs. Objectives Alternatives
way of HIV/AIDS treatment can be developed
using tobacco plant as a media development
of anti-retroviral drugs called griffithsin
through tobacco virus (Tobacco Mosaic Virus)
as the main of the protein production.
Tobacco plants grown a lot since, especially in
Indonesia and to explore the positive side of
this tobacco plant which until now is used as a
cigarette and become health hazard, so this
plant is suitable for use as a media
development of anti-retroviral. Methods This
scientific paper is descriptively consisting of
references, and the analysis is based on the
data and/or information gotten and
converted with the references. Meanwhile,
the synthesis describes that this writing can
show the information about the potential of
tobacco plants as a media development of
anti-retroviral griffithsin (GFRT) for sexually
transmitted diseases HIV/AIDS. Result From
the analysis and synthesis problems we can
get the information that GRFT block or
prevent the activity of gp120 to CD4 cells and
also prevent the same activity on the viral
envelope gp41 and gp24. GRFT perform
significantly inhibit the binding of gp120
monoclonal antibody (mAb), 2G12 (have
depending on carbohydrates) and (mAb) 48d,
which binds CD4. Conclusions There are three
main points in the working of griffithsin
against HIV activity there are (1) worked on
the viral envelope glycoprotein of HIV/AIDS
(gp120, gp41 and gp24), there could
preventing HIV to enter and infect CD4 cells,
(2) because griffithsin worked on the viral
envelope of HIV / AIDS, the griffithsin can
keep other CD4 cells that are still healthy and
not infected by HIV so that the spread of HIV
budding from an invasion of previous CD4 cell
can be prevented, (3) work in reverse
trancryptase (RT) of HIV to prevent the
increasing of viral load in CD4 cells and
decreased the RT activity so that griffithsin as
virucide to reduce the viral load in which the
decrease in RT activity on the HIV virus
constantly will result in the death of the virus.
ID: 237
IMPLEMENTATION of BIORISK
MANAGEMENT in OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH AND SAFETY DIVISION at
CENTER FOR BIOMEDICAL AND BASIC
TECHNOLOGY OF HEALTH (CBBTH)
LABORATORIES
130.
Frans Dany, Frans Dany, N.K Susilarini,
Herlinda, Vivi Lisdawati
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Background Hazard to laboratory worker may
occur due to the negligence or other causes
beyond human ability. Inter alia, laboratory
workers have a high risk of exposure to many
blood borne diseases that can be transmitted
through blood penetration such as HIV,
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and other viral
infections. The high risk of exposure in the
laboratory requires biorisk management to
ABSTRACT BOOK
prevent intentional and unintentional release
of pathogen. Biorisk management identify all
hazards, the entry and exit infectious
material, evaluation of the potential for
misuse and prevention of infectious materials
and prioritize the handling of emergencies.
There are several implementation of biorisk
management for the prevention of number of
diseases that can be carried out by the
Occupational Health and Safety Division in
every institution to the safety of laboratory
worker such as: the annual vaccination
program. Occupational Health and Safety
Division at Center for Biomedical and Basic
Technology of Health (CBBTH) in National
Institute of Health Research and Development
(NIHRD), Indonesian Ministry of Health, had
already implemented biorisk management by
doing the annual vaccination program.
Hepatitis B is one of an infection of the
potentially life-threatening liver and included
in a preventable disease by vaccination. The
annual vaccination program in CBBTH is
included hepatitis B vaccination. The data will
be presented as follow Methods Data were
obtained from laboratory workers at CBBTH in
November 2011 to July 2012. ELISA was used
to test sera for HbsAg and anti-HBs. For those
with adequate antibody levels (anti-HbS >100
IU/ml) and positive HbsAg, vaccination was
not implemented. The workers with anti-HBs
titer of 51-100 IU/ml will be administered
booster shot once. Those having the titer of
11-50 IU/ml got booster shot twice and levels
<10 IU/ml received 3 dose of the vaccine. Staff
which is experiencing immunization series
were screened again to check their immunity
status by using ELISA. Results Of 148 persons,
38 (25.67%) already had adequate anti-HbS,
thus deemed having immunity to hepatitis B,
3 (2.02%) were HbSAg positive, 94 (63.5%)
were negative, 13 participants (8.78%)
dropped out from vaccination. After rescreening, 93 of 94 (98.9%) vaccinated had
adequate antibody against Hepatitis-B.
Conclusion Vaccination Program included
screening of Hepatitis-B is â€œa mustâ€• for
laboratory workers and must be done
annually to prevent an increase cases of
Laboratory-Acquired
Infection.
ID: 238
SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX (L.)
MERILL) AS A ANTI-CANCER SOLUTION
IN INDONESIA
131.
Bastomy Ali Burhan, dr. Candra Bumi,
M.Si
Background Cancer is the leading cause of
death in the world (about 13% of all causes of
death), estimated to number about 7.9 million
deaths in 2007.In Indonesia are expected to
have at least 170-190 new cancer cases each
year for every 100 000 people. Asian women
have a lower incidence of breast cancer than
Western women, because a diet rich in soy
and fiber and low in fat. This suggests that soy
may also be a prostate cancer prevention.
Epidemiological data has resulted in the
tendency of the benefits of soy as a cancer
prevention. Objectives Based on the above
information, the author will review and
analyze the potential anti-cancer properties of
soy effectively and efficiently in cancer control
efforts in Indonesia. Methods This scientific
work written in a descriptive literature review,
while this analysis is based on the data and or
information obtained and adapted to review
the existing literature. While the synthesis
illustrates that scientific writing is to produce
an information about the potential of soy in
preventing cancer disease in Indonesia.
Results Soybeans contain many substances
that are useful for the human body. One of
them is phytoestrogens. Of the several types
of phytoestrogens, genistein is a compound
that can prevent the occurrence of cancer in
the human body through the mechanism of
increased apoptosis (programmed death) in
cancer cells. Conclusions Research has shown
that genistein can induce apoptosis in various
malignant cell types. Inducting apoptosis is
one mechanism of genistein are expected to
affect the expression of Bcl-2 proteins are
important in the regulation of apoptosis
protein. Due to an increase in apoptosis,
cancer cells growth can be prevented. To
increase
consumption
requires
the
development of soybean variety are
processed. Therefore, efforts to diversify the
processed soy needed. Soy can be processed
in Tempe, tofu, soy sauce, attackers know
beancurd, Nata de soya, milk, soyghurt, and
others. The existence of some processed soy
products can result in increased public
interest in the consumption of soy. High
consumption of soya by diversifying its
products to further enhance the consumption
of soy genistein in preventing cancer.
ID: 239
MATERNAL BEHAVIOR IN
IMPLEMENTING THE BALANCED
NUTRITION IN PADANG CITY
132.
Azrimaidaliza, Idral Purnakarya, Dewi
Yurika Sari
was conducted on 110 women who lived in
Padang city. Maternal behavior, education,
knowledge, attitude, economic status and role
of health worker towards balanced nutrition
were collected by questionnaire. Especially,
maternal food consumption behavior were
collected by food recall 24-hours then
compared with general guidelines balanced
nutrition. Results: The result showed that 40%
of maternal had low education, 72.7% lower
knowledgeable balanced nutrition, 12.7%
being negative towards balanced nutrition.
The results also obtained 57.3% of maternal
with poor economic status and 73.6% of
health workers with poor role. Maternal
behavior in implementing the balanced
nutrition unknown 76.4% had unfavorable
behavior. Analysis Chi-Square showed that
education (P=0,019) and knowledge about
balanced nutrition (P=0,006) associated with
maternal balanced nutrition behavior. Then,
by logistic regression analysis obtained
knowledge of balanced nutrition is the most
dominant factor related to the behavior of
balanced nutrition (P=0,003, CI=1,644-11,916,
OR=4,426). Conclusions: Knowledge of
balanced nutrition is the dominant factors
associated with maternal behavior in
implementing the balanced nutrition in
Padang city. Therefore to Health Institutions
can socialize about balanced nutrition to the
public through routine counseling and the
media so that they can apply in the family.
Public Health Faculty Andalas University
Backgrounds: West Sumatra is one of the
provinces in Indonesia that have a higher
prevalence of malnutrition above the national
average (20.22%). Thus the implementation of
balanced nutrition has not been going well in
the family to address the nutritional
problems. Objectives: The aim of this study is
to determine factors associated with maternal
behavior in implementing balanced nutrition
in Padang city. Methods: Cross sectional study
ID: 240
PARINGAN, THE â€œPSYCHOTIC
KAMPONGâ€•â€¨A CONTROVERSIAL
MENTAL HEALTH ISSUE IN PONOROGO,
EAST JAVA
133.
Aan Kurniawan, Pramita Andarwati,
Yunita Fitrianti
ABSTRACT BOOK
Backgrounds â€œKampung Gilaâ€• or the
â€œPsychotic Kampongâ€• was a phrase that
introduced by several media to claim their
findings on 60 people with mental illness
(PWMI) lived in a village in East Java, namely
Paringan. Those report had become a multilevel controversy for quite a while. The
government considered this report as a
questione about their credibility in dealing
with mental health issues in Indonesia. The
society preceived it differently. Some confront
it, some other considered it a bless as
attentions and aids were coming afterward. A
big change happened to this village as a result
of those releases. Objectives This research
aimed to describe Paringan village with its
socio-cultural condition. We underlies the
Paringan peopleâ€™s experiences in dealing
with PWMI, including their explanation on
mentall illness, deviant attitudes, emotional
expressions and behaviours shown by people
who was subjected as PWMI. The result of
this research is intended to contribute
community based mental-health efforts in
Paringan village. Methods This research was a
case study employed an exploratoryqualitative method. Data were collected
during 3 weeks of live-in at the Paringan
village by conducting indepth interview and
participant observation. Results The findings
of this research showed that there is a change
in the Paringan society in terms of health care
to PWMI. The press releases did give a big
change to it. The estabilishment of
Community Health Care in Paringan village as
one of the answer to the â€•Psychotic
Kampongâ€• case has changed the way a
treatment is given to PWMI. They get a better
access to health care than before. We also
found that the people of Paringan has a
various conception in explaining ill-health
condition of people that were considered to
be PWMI. This conception influenced the way
PWMI were treated. Family, as the primary
care giver were treating PWMI based on their
conception
on
ill-health
condition.
ID: 243
THE RELATIONSHIP MATERNAL
HEIGHT WITH THE INCIDENCE OF LOW
BIRTH WEIGHT
134.
Erna Luciasari, Yurista Permanasari, Fitrah
Ernawati
Backgrounds. The prevalence of stunting
among under five years in Indonesia reached
36,8 %. The impact of stunting in adulthood
such as limited in working capacity. Stunted
woman will have high risk pregnancy because
they have a small pelvic size and risk of having
infants with low birth weight. When the
situation is not corrected it will be more
stunted mothers in the future. Stunted
mother will give birth an infant with low
weight (< 2500 gram) . Objective.To assess
differences between maternal height with the
incidence of low birth weight. Methods. Type
of this research was cohort prospective . It
continuously observing pregnant women from
12-16 week of pregnancy until giving birth.
Maternal height were measured at baseline
using microtoise. Stunted mother who those
have height less than 145 cm. Birth weight
infants were weighed using scales for infants
(baby scale) digital. Data analyzed was
performed with univariate and bivariate.
Univariate analyzed was conducted to identify
the distribution of the sample. Bivariate
analyzes to determine the differences birth
weight child from normal and stunted mother
using t- test with a significance limit of 0.05.
Results. There were 261 pair of mothers and
infants. There were 24 ( 9,2%) of infants had
low birth weight, only 1 of 24 infant who
those have a height <145 cm. The T- test
results no significant difference between birth
weight child on maternal height <145 cm and
more. Conclusions. There was no differences
of weight birth on infants in this study was not
due to a low birth with mothers height less
than 145 cm. There was no association
between maternal height and incidence low
birth
weight
child
.
trimester and birth weight were grouped into
low birth weight (<2500 g) and non low birth
weight or normal (> = 2,500 g). Results: From
115 subject, there were 13.9% LBW children
and 86.1% children who are not LBW. The
statistical test showed that there are
difference in maternal weight during
pregnancy on low birth weight children and
children who are not LBW with p = 0.00 (Î±
<0.05). Conclusion: Birth weight babies are
different depending on maternal weight
during pregnancy. Keywords: low birth
weight,
maternal
weight
ID: 246
DIFFERENCES MATERNAL WEIGHT
DURING PREGNANCY IN LBW AND NO
LBW CHILDREN
135.
Yurista Permanasari, Fitrah Ernawati, Erna
Luciasari, Made Dewi Susilawati
Background: A healthy child should be
prepared during pregnancy. That because the
fetus expereienced period of rapid
developments during pregnancy. Therefore,
sufficient nutrients needed to achieve it.
Increased nutritional needs during pregnancy
influence maternal weight gain during
pregnancy. Enough weight during pregnancy
can prevent LBW (low birth weight) or below
2500 grams. Therefore, a mother must
maintain his physical condition to replenish
their nutritional needs.. The purpose of this
study was to determine the difference in
maternal weight in LBW and non LBW.
Methods: Data were obtained from a
prospective cohort study in Bogor district in
2011-2012 against pregnant women who
were followed from the first trimester untill
they delivery the baby. Data obtained from
this study the average maternal weight during
pregnancy from the first trimester to the third
ID: 248
POTENTIAL OF DRIED CASSAVA
(MANIHOT UTILISSIMA) LEAVES AS
CAROTENE SOURCE FOR PRE-SCHOOL
CHILDREN
136.
Almasyhuri, Erna Luciasari
Kesehatan (Pusat 1)
Abstract Foreword. Vitamin A deficiency
especially on women and children from low
socio-economic income are abundant in
world. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to
blindness and moreover it also brings 2.2
million babies to death per year because of
diarrhea and 1 million died because of
measles. In 2005, WHO estimated 250 million
pre-school children were lack of vitamin A,
and 250,000 â€“ 500,000 of them will suffer
blindness every year. Vitamin A can be
obtained from foods and supplements. One of
vegetable which contains high vitamin A is
Cassava leaf. Moreover, in most case in
Indonesia cassava leaves are rarely used as
food. Those leaves are abundant considering
the big area of fields. Cassava leaves
consumed usually come from the younger
leaves which have tendency canâ€™t last long
ABSTRACT BOOK
in storage. Furthermore, drying can be one of
traditional way in preserving foodstuffs.
Objective. This research aims to get to know
the potency of dried cassava leaves as a
source of Î²-carotene for pre-school children.
Methods. Young and matured cassava leaves
are blanched, dried, and then cooked with
gulai seasoning. Three kinds of gulai: (1) dried
young cassava leaves gulai, (2) dried mature
cassava leaves gulai, (3) fresh cassava leaves
gulai are designed as complete menus and
furthermore portion acceptance tests are
conducted. Three groups of pre-school
children act as panelists, be given those gulai
three days in row, and documented. The
difference in three kinds of gulai portion
acceptance is analyzed by using Anova and
Duncan test in SPSS 15.0. Î²-carotene level of
cassava leaves in gulai and the fresh one are
also analyzed. Result. The average
consumption of dried young cassava leaves
are 81.3 g / day, dried mature cassava leaves
are 64.9 g / day, and 91.8 g / day for the fresh
one. Result of Anova test shows there is no
significance between those kinds of gulai
(P>0.05). Î²-carotene content in dried young
cassava leaves gulai is 2,363 Î¼g with 81.9 g
water per 100 g, dried mature cassava leaves
gulai with 2,394 Î¼g of Î²-carotene and 82.7 g
water per 100 g, fresh cassava leaves gulai
with 2,233 Î¼g of Î²-carotene and 84.0 g water
per 100 g. Dried cassava leaves that come
from young or mature cassava leaves can be
well-accepted by pre-school children and
there is no difference in portion compared
with fresh cassava leaves gulai. All of those
kinds of cassava leaves being used can be
utilized as a source of Î²-carotene. Keywords:
Dried cassava leaves gulai, Portion acceptance
test,
Î²-carotene
ID: 249
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY INFECTION IN ADULTS
137.
Taufiqur Rakhim Aditra, Umi Solekhah,
Yanri Wijayanti
Gadjah Mada University
Background: Dengue infection has been
known to affect mostly children, especially
those aged less than 16 years. However some
studies proved that there is a shift in the age
distribution to older age. In children, primary
infection is not uncommon and was
emphasized to be less severe than secondary
infection. Adults, when infected, showed
different clinical manifestations from children.
Thus, it is necessary to also investigate the
profile differences between primary and
secondary infection in adults. Objective: To
compare the severity of primary and
secondary infection in adults based on
laboratory and clinical manifestations. Design:
This study is retrospective using secondary
data derived from medical record data of
patients in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital
(RSCM) in the year 2008 Subject and
materials: The subjects included in this
research are patients of Ciptomangukusumo
Hospital that has been diagnosed with
Dengue infection. The data collected from the
medical records include age, sex, clinical
presentations, and laboratory findings
Results: We collected 244 patient data who
were diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic
fever (DHF). Out of those, 116 (47,5%) were
diagnosed with secondary dengue infection.
In the primary dengue group the common
symptoms recorded were presence of nausea
(86,7%), vomiting (47,7%), headache (87,5%),
myalgia (71,1%), and arthralgia (70,3%),
epistaxis (7%), ptechiae (49,2%), melena
(3.1%) and positive Rumple Leede test
(14.1%). The secondary dengue group
presented with similar clinical symptoms but
none of the clinical manifestations differ
significantly from the primary dengue group
(p=0,05). Among the laboratory parameters,
the mean maximum hematocrit (45,1
volume%) and the mean maximum
hemoglobin (14.9 g/dL) were significantly
higher than that of the primary dengue group.
The mean minimum platelet count
(43.300/mm3) was significantly lower. The
hematocrit, hemoglobin, and thrombocyte
count upon admission were also significantly
different. Clinical categorization between
both groups was not significantly different
(p=0,05). Conclusion: There were no
significant differences in the clinical
manifestations
between
primary
and
secondary infection groups. It was found that
hematocrit, thrombocyte and haemoglobin
values were significantly different between
the two study groups, suggesting a more
severe manifestation in secondary dengue
infection. However, leukocyte count did not
show significant differences. The two groups
did not vary in severity according to WHO
1997 disease classification. Keywords: Primary
dengue;
secondary
dengue;
DHF
ID: 251
GENDER INEQUITY IN FAMILY
PLANNING
138.
Dwidjo Susilo, Nurfadhilah, Triana
Srisantyorini
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Backgrounds Condom is one of the most ideal
contraception devices for family planning due
to the high effectiveness and without side
effect. However, the utility of condom in
Indonesia is very low. The 2010 Basic Health
Research revealed that the highest
percentage of married women who use
condoms as a tool for family planning in the
age group of 35-39 years old was at 1,6%.
Compared to the 2000 and 2005 National
Health Surveys, percentage of condom use in
this age group increased from 0.3% and 0.4%
respectively. Objectives The objective of the
study was to discover information about the
different role of husbands and wives who are
succeeded in condom use. The specific target
of the study is to raise malesâ€™ role in using
condom as their reliable contraception device.
Methods The method used in this study was
Positive Deviance (PD) approach to observe
and imitate the uncommon behaviors and
strategies that had been successfully done by
the PD initiators though there were only 1% of
the community use condom as their
contraception device. We collected data from
163 respondents in Jakarta and South
Tangerang in 2012 by using questionnaire to
screen potential informants who have been
using condom consistently. Forum Group
Discussion was conducted on non-condom
user and wives of non-condom users. In depth
interviews was held on 3 condom users, 2
condom usersâ€™ wives and 3 non-condom
usersâ€™ wives. Results Among 163
respondents, there were 80 people did not
use any contraception. Of the contraception
users, there were only 16 people (10%) who
consistently using condom in the last 8
months. Other respondents mostly used
hormonal contraception such as injection
(22%) and pill (15%). Behaviors related to
condom use equally and fairly simple.
Condom is easy to use because the usage
instructions clearly stated on the packaging.
However, there are significant differences in
motivation of husbands for using condom.
Some husbands used condoms because of
negative experiences of wife when using
hormonal contraception. Others decided not
to use condom because of low support from
wife. Conclusions The determinants of
behavioral intention for using condom are the
ABSTRACT BOOK
wifeâ€™s
support
without
showing
unpleasant feeling while using condom and
health professional suggestion to use condom
as the ideal contraception method.
Comprehensive information on advantages
and disadvantages of contraception methods
is necessary to reduce gender inequity in
family
planning.
ID: 258
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY (OHS ) MANAGEMENT
IMPLEMENTATION IN ANTI TB LUNG
DISEASE GLOBAL FUND PROGRAM
EVALUATION YEAR 2011 IN DISTRICT OF
KOTABARU - SOUTH KALIMANTAN INDONESIA
139.
Qomariyatus Sholihah
Lambung Mangkurat University
Background Tuberculosis still a health
problem in Indonesia. Prevalence of
pulmonary tuberculosis with sputum smear
(+) was higher by 0.3%. TBCTreatment
program has performed nationally since 1969,
then in 2004 joined the donor countries in the
Global Fund to fund all activities related to the
program in the District Kotabaru P2TBC lung.
Objectives , This study aim to reveal the
implementation of the program before and
after lung P2TBC Global Fund interventions in
the District Kotabaru year 2010 - 2012.
Looking at the inputs and processes in the
implementation of the program, the number
of program outcomes include patient
discovery rate, conversion rate, the cure rate
and error rate. The research method was
descriptive describe the actual state of
implementation of the P2TBC lung program,
evaluating aspects of the input, process and
output using a questionnaire. The population
of the study sample were all officers in
activities P2TBC lung in health centers and
one district Wasor. The results showed that
overall both the input, process and output
increased from before Global Fund
intervention . Input funds increased 100%,
100% officers had been trained , and
equipment like Mikrokop 95% binocular, OAT
fulfilled 100%. The process of program
implementation is also progressing as 100%
SPS sputum examination, supervision,
minitoring 100%, negligent patient tracking
and inspection of patient contacts increased
to 80%, recording and reporting from regular
and complete 80%. Output activities such as
patient findings BTA (+) increased 40.1% to
67%, Conversion from 80% to 81.5%, the cure
rate increased from 78.2% to 90.7% and the
error rate dropped from <3, 4% to <2.7%.
Conclusion P2TBC implementation has been
successful
with
the
application
of
occupational safety and health ( OSH )
management from inputs to outcomes. For
that program continued to reduce and
suppress the development of pulmonary TB
disease. Keywords: pulmonary P2TBC
program, the Global Fund interventions,
program
evaluation
ID: 272
DETERMINANT OF BACK PAIN
AMONG SEVERAL HOSPITALS
PARAMEDICS IN JAKARTA
140.
Lusianawaty Tana, FX Suharyanto Halim
Determinant of Back Pain among Several
Hospitals Paramedics in Jakarta Abstract: Back
pain is a major health problem for workers in
the world. Many risk factors are related to
back pain, such as manual handling of the
patient, physical stretching, psychological
factor, and age. The purpose of this study was
to analyze determinants of the back pain
among paramedics who are working in several
hospitals in Jakarta. A cross sectional study
was conducted to paramedics who are
working in medical care unit in three hospitals
in Jakarta. Back pain was diagnosed based on
clinical diagnosis by general practitioner and
neurologist. The inclusion criterias were age
20â€“45 years old, have been working in the
hospital for at least 1 year, without spinal
congenital disorder, and not pregnant. There
were 382 samples that fulfilled the study
criteria. The percentage of back pain is 28.5%.
Determinant factors of back pain among
paramedics were trauma history, back pain
prevention practice, smoking habit, age, and
psychological distress.(p<0.05). Increasing of
the back pain prevention practice is important
to prevent back pain. Keywords: occupation,
back
pain,
determinant,
paramedics
ID: 277
THE EFFECT OF HEALTH
PROMOTION INTERVENTION ON
COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR CHANGE ABOUT
BASIC HEALTH ISSUES/PROBLEMS: AN
OVERVIEW OF A MEDICAL STUDENT
PROGRAM NAMED PENGALAMAN
BELAJAR LAPANGAN IN CAWANG AREA,
EAST JAKARTA
141.
Forman Erwin Siagian
Faculty Of Medicine The Christian
University Of Indonesia
Background: Indonesia still faces numerous
health problem challenges, from maternal
mortality to malnutrition and also infection
caused by soil transmitted helminths or vector
borne disease such as malaria. Its geography
makes extending coverage of healthcare
services to sub-urban and rural areas even
more challenging. Poor behavior on personal
hygiene (individually or collectively), poverty
and demographic transformation caused by
massive urbanization with distribution of
health inequalities in urban areas will lead to
serious and profound implication for health.
One of alternative approach for solution is to
improve health status through health
promotion/education in the community. The
aim of this study was to review the effect of
health promotion intervention on community
behavior
change
in
basic
health
issues/problems through a medical student
program of the Christian University of
Indonesia named Pengalaman Belajar
Lapangan (PBL). This program held
periodically (3-4 times a year) in Cawang, a
crowded sub urban area located in east
Jakarta. Methods: a systematic review of the
program report published during 2006-2012
was undertaken. Report were considered
eligible for inclusion if it evaluate the impact
of intervention using valid indicator or specific
measure of health issue baseline. Results:
altogether, 19 program report were found to
match the inclusion criteria. With a total
sample size of 2549 respondent which live in
the area during the program held. Pooled
results indicated small but positive overall
effect of the interventions with respect to
community behavior change Conclusions:
health promotion intervention can be
considered effective to change the behavior
of the community on basic health
issues/problems Keywords: Cawang, health
indicator, education, community, intervention
ID: 280
PERILAKU BERISIKO REMAJA
JALANAN KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2010
142.
Heny Lestary, Sugiharti
ABSTRACT BOOK
Latar Belakang :Usia remaja merupakan usia
yang paling bergejolak dalam kehidupan
seorang
manusia.
Remaja
cenderung
mencoba berbagai perilaku berisiko seperti
merokok, alkohol, narkoba, sex bebas, aborsi,
penyakit menular seksual, mencuri, tawuran,
dan sebagainya. Remaja jalanan merupakan
kelompok remaja paling berisiko karena tidak
ada
lembaga
yang
melindunginya.
Tujuan:Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui
gambaran perilaku berisiko remaja jalanan di
Kota Bandung dan harapan mereka terhadap
layanan peduli remaja baik di Puskesmas
maupun lembaga lainnya. Metode :Penelitian
ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan
menggunakan metode Wawancara Mendalam
(WM) dan Kelompok Diskusi Terarah (KDT).
Populasi adalah anak jalanan Kota Bandung
yang berumur 15-24 tahun. Informan terpilih
secara acak dari beberapa kantong remaja
jalanan di berbagai penjuru Kota Bandung.
KDT dan WMdikelompokkan berdasarkan
jenis kelamin, usia, dan status kawin. KDT
dilakukan pada 8 kelompok dan WM
dilakukan terhadap 8 informan dengan
karakteristik yang berbeda. Hasil :Hampir
semua remaja jalanan Kota Bandung pernah
melakukan perilaku sex bebas, alkohol,
narkoba, dan merokok. Sebagian pernah
mengalami penyakit menular seksual dan
ditolak pengobatannya oleh Puskesmas
karena tidak mempunyai jaminan sosial.
Sebagian kecil pernah terlibat pencurian dan
dipenjara.
Beberapa
remaja
pernah
melakukan percobaan bunuh diri karena
frustasi dengan kehidupannya yang tidak
berjalan seimbang. Sebagian besar mulai
hidup di jalanan sejak berusia 10-12 tahun,
bahkan ada yang mulai sejak usia 6 tahun.
Hampir semua remaja mengakui turun ke
jalan karena perceraian orangtua atau
kehidupan keluarga yang tidak harmonis,
serta alasan ekonomi. Kesimpulan :Perilaku
berisiko kelompok remaja 15-19 tahun
dengan kelompok 20-24 tahun berbeda. Pada
umumnya mereka yang berusia 20-24 tahun
sudah bosan melakukan perilaku berisiko dan
ingin kembali ke jalan yang benar. Sedangkan
remaja 15-19 tahun masih terbiasa dengan
perilaku berisikonya.Pada umumnya tidak ada
perbedaan yang nyata antara perilaku berisiko
remaja laki-laki dan perempuan. Remaja
menikah lebih memilih untuk mencari nafkah
untuk keluarganya, dibandingkan dengan
remaja yang belum menikah. Perlu adanya
dukungan dari puskesmas, dinas sosial, dan
swasta untuk menangani masalah perilaku
berisiko remaja jalanan di Kota Bandung. Kata
kunci: perilaku berisiko, remaja jalanan,
alkohol,
narkoba,
sex
bebas
ID: 281
PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PEDULI
REMAJA DI KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2010
143.
Sugiharti Ananda, Heny Lestary
PENGETAHUAN
REMAJA
TENTANG
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PEDULI REMAJA DI
KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2010 Abstrak Latar
Belakang Masa remaja merupakan periode
terjadinya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan
pesat baik fisik, psikologis maupun sosial. Pola
karakteristik pesatnya tumbuh kembang ini
menyebabkan remaja mempunyai sifat khas
yang sama yaitu rasa keingintahuan yang
besar, menyukai petualangan dan tantangan
serta cenderung berani menanggung risiko
atas
perbuatannya
tanpa
didahului
pertimbangan yang matang. Pelayanan
Kesehatan Peduli Remaja (PKPR) merupakan
pelayanan yang memenuhi hak remaja,
mengakomodasi semua segmen remaja yang
beragam, termasuk kelompok yang rapuh dan
rawan, tidak membatasi etnik, status,
kecacatan,
memperhatikan
keadilan/
kesetaraan gender, menjamin privasi dan
kerahasiaan, mempromosikan kemandirian
remaja,
menjamin
biaya
yang
terjangkau/gratis. Tujuan Tujuan penelitian ini
adalah mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan
remaja di Kota Bandung terhadap Puskesmas
PKPR. Metode Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi
potong lintang dengan metode penelitian
kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah
remaja kawin usia 15 â€“ 24 tahun dan remaja
belum kawin usia 15 -24 tahun. Hasil Dari hasil
wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok
terarah terhadap remaja menunjukkan bahwa
semua informan remaja menyatakan belum
pernah mengetahui dan mendengar adanya
Puskesmas PKPR, sebagian besar informan
remaja menyatakan memerlukan adanya
pelayanan yang peduli terhadap remaja.
Pelayanan yang diharapkan sebagian besar
informan remaja adalah pelayanan dengan
biaya yang terjangkau atau gratis, petugas
yang ramah dan mau mendengarkan keluhan
remaja, menghargai remaja, bisa menjaga
rahasia remaja dan dapat memberikan
pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi remaja.
Kesimpulan Puskesmas PKPR belum banyak
diketahui dan dikenal oleh remaja. Kata kunci
:
Remaja,
PKPR,
Puskesmas
ID: 282
KEBIJAKAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
HAJI INDONESIA DI EMBARKASI
144.
Qomariyatus Alwi, Ratih Oemiyati
Pelayanan kesehatan haji di embarkasi sangat
krusial karena merupakan penapisan akhir
dan penentuan laik terbang seorang calon
haji. Pada kenyataannya masih terjadi jemaah
haji yang dinyatakan tidak laik berangkat
tetapi masih tetap diberangkatkan (meninggal
di pesawat, di jeddah) serta setiap tahun
terjadi kasus persalinan dan keguguran di
Arab Saudi. Kematian jemaah haji banyak
terjadi pada kelompok Risti karena usia
maupun karena penyakit yang dideritanya
sejak dari tanah air. Pada 10 tahun terkahir ini
jemaah haji Indonesia wafat 2,1 â€“ 3,2 per
1000 jemaah, jauh lebih besar dibandingkan
dengan kematian jemaah haji di negara
negara Asean lainnya. Pelayanan kesehatan
haji diselenggarakan dengan memanfaatkan
ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang
berkembang,
serta
mengutamakan
pendekatan komprehensif yaitu promotif,
preventif, kuratif rehabilitatif. Tujuan Umum
penelitian adalah tersedianya kajian tentang
Kinerja dan Kebijakan Pelayanan Kesehatan
Haji di embarkasi tahun 2010/1431 H. Tujuan
Khusus memperoleh informasi tentang
jumlah, jenis, unit asal petugas, waktu yang
terpakai untuk setiap tupoksi, kegiatan
pemeriksaan dokumen dan pemeriksaan
kesehatan fisik dan kehamilan, pelayanan
kesehatan di poliklinik, kebijakan pelayanan
kesehatan haji di embarkasi. Studi kualitatif
terkait kinerja pelayanan kesehatan jemaah
haji pada 15 embarkasi di Indonesia dilakukan
pada tahun 2010/1431 H. Informan adalah
seluruh petugas pelayanan kesehatan yang
sedang bertugas pada saat pengumpulan
data. Cara pengumpulan data dengan
observasi, wawancara mendalam dan diskusi
kelompok terarah serta telaah dokumen
manajemen dan kebijakan. Temuan penelitian
â€¢ Lama jemaah berada di embarkasi
sebelum berangkat hanya 1x 24jam,
sedangkan jumlah petugas terbatas untuk
memeriksa kelengkapan dokumen dan kondisi
kesehatan seluruh calon jamaah (1kloter
sampai 450 orang), sehingga kadang
pemeriksaan kesehatan tidak dilakukan
ABSTRACT BOOK
dengan baik sesuai SOP â€¢ Karena waktu
terbatas, tidak semua embarkasi melakukan
pemeriksaan kesehatan pada seluruh calhaj,
sebagian hanya memeriksa yang Risti saja. â€¢
Belum ada standard kebutuhan jumlah tenaga
kesehatan yg bertugas di embarkasi dan
belum ada standar waktu pemeriksaan
dokumen haji per calhaj. â€¢ Pemeriksaan
kehamilan tes urin dan palpasi kadang tidak
dilakukan secara lengkap dan kurang teliti
sehingga membuka peluang calon jemaah haji
untuk berbohong (terjadi peristiwa persalinan
di Mekah dan aborsi di Madinah) â€¢ Ada
intervensi pihak Kemenag dalam menentukan
keberangkatan calhaj dengan alasan tertentu
sehingga menimbulkan kerancuan/polemik.
â€¢ Kebijakan yang ada: PEDOMAN TEKNIS
PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN JEMAAH HAJI oleh
PUSAT KESEHATAN HAJI KEMENTERIAN
KESEHATAN RI 2010 Jemaah haji dinyatakan
TIDAK MEMENUHI SYARAT, apabila ; 1). Status
kesehatan termasuk kategori Tunda. 2).
Mengidap salah satu atau lebih penyakit
menular tertentu pada saat di embarkasi.
3).Tidak memenuhi persyaratan keselamatan
penerbangan.
Ketentuan
Keselamatan
Penerbangan a) Penyakit tertentu yang
berisiko
kematian
dikarenakan
ketinggian/penerbangan. b) Usia kehamilan:
Ibu hamil diperbolehkan berangkat apabila
pada saat berangkat dari embarkasi usia
kehamilan mencapai di bawah 14 minggu dan
di atas 26 minggu. Bukan kehamilan risiko
tinggi untuk ibu dan janin. Pertemuan
Penetapan Kelaikan Kesehatan Jemaah
diselenggarakan oleh Kepala Dinas Kesehatan
Kabupaten/Kota. Paling lambat 2 minggu
sebelum mulai operasional haji. Opsi
Kebijakan dan Saran 1. Adanya kebijakan
terkait standar jumlah dan kualifikasi tenaga
kesehatan di embarkasi sesuai beban kerja
(jumlah jemaah haji). Untuk itu perlu
penelitian tentang standar jumlah dan
kualifikasi tenaga dikaitkan dengan beban
kerja 2. Adanya kebijakan terkait Penilaian
reward dan punishment terhadap kinerja
setiap petugas dan terhadap manajemen
pelayanan dengan indikator angka kematian
di
setiap
embarkasi
dan
kasus
persalinan/keguguran 3. Perlu dibentuk tim
pengawasan dan tim penilaian terhadap
kinerja petugas di embarkasi dan di setiap unit
pelayanan kesehatan haji baik di tanah air
maupun
di
arab
saudi
ID: 293
POLA PENYAKIT ISPA DAN DIARE
BERDSARKAN POLA RUMAH SEHAT DI
INDONESIA DALAM KURUN WAKTU
SEPULUH TAHUN TERAKHIR
145.
Supraptini, SKM, M.Kes,
ID: 294
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN OBAT
ESENSIAL DI RUMAH SAKIT DAN
PUSKESMAS MENURUT REGIONALISASI
BERDASARKAN SURAT KEPUTUSAN
OBAT GENERIK NOMOR
HK.03.01/MENKES/146/ I/2010
146.
Dra. Selma A.S.Siahaan, Apt, MHA
ID: 295
ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN STATISTIK
TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STATUS GIZI
ANAK BALITA DI INDONESISA (ANALISIS
LANJUT RISKESDAS 2007 DAN 2010)
147.
Noviati Fuada, SP, MKM ,
ID: 296
ANALISIS MAPPING TOPOGRAFIS
(KETERPENCILAN, KEPULAUAN,
PERBATASAN) TENTANG KETERSEDIAAN
DAN KELAYAKAN FASILITAS FISIK
PUSKESMAS BERDASAR DEMOGRAFI
DAN GEOGRAFIS DI INDONESIA
148.
Rukmini, Betty Rosihermiatie
Latar Belakang : Sarana pelayanan kesehatan
dasar milik pemerintah yaitu Puskesmas telah
terdapat di semua kecamatan, namun akses
terhadap pelayanan kesehatan belum merata
yaitu masih terbatasnya sarana pelayanan
kesehatan dan tenaga kesehatan di Daerah
Tertinggal
Terpencil
Perbatasan
dan
Kepulauan (DTPK). Bagi masyarakat di DTPK,
keterbatasan akses juga disebabkan kondisi
geografis yang sulit. Riset Fasilitas kesehatan
(Rifaskes) tahun 2011 dilaksanakan sebagai
upaya
mengetahui
gambaran
yang
komprehensif mengenai sarana pelayananan
kesehatan pemerintah sebagai perencanaan
dalam rangka pengembangan pelayanan
kesehatan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan
masyarakat. Tujuan : menganalisis mapping
topografis
(keterpencilan,
kepulauan,
perbatasan) tentang ketersediaan dan
kelayakan
fasilitas
fisik
puskesmas
berdasarkan faktor demografi dan geografis di
Indonesia. Metode : dengan menganalisis
data sekunder Rifaskes tahun 2011 mengenai
Puskesmas. Hubungan antara kelayakan
fasilitas fisik dengan keterpencilan diuji
dengan korelasi Spearman, hubungan
kelayakan fasilitas fisik dengan puskesmas
kepulauan dan perbatasan dengan Mann
Whitney test, sedangkan hubungan kelayakan
fasilitas fisik Puskesmas dengan topografi
wilayah menurut jumlah peduduk dan lokasi
puskesmas perkotaan/pedesaan dengan TwoWay Anova. Hasil : sebagian besar Puskesmas
terdapat pada wilayah dengan jumlah
penduduk <30.000 jiwa (63,4%), daerah biasa
(73,6%) dan pedesaan (74,2%). Luas tanah
puskesmas sebagian besar (%) sudah
memenuhi persyaratan Kemekes RI, bila
Puskesmas memiliki 1 bangunan maka luas
tanah ≥ 1,5 kali luas bangunan sedangkan bila
memiliki ≥1 bangunan dan atau bertingkat
maka luas tanah ≥ 2 kali luas bangunan.
Menurut bangunan Puskesmas, fungsi
bangunan sebagain besar (61%) adalah non
perawatan,
jenis
bangunan
(93,5%)
permanen, kondisi bangunan lebih separuh
(55,2%) baik dan (79,8%) berlantai satu.
Ruangan pelayanan Puskesmas terutama ;
yang tersedia (96,4%) poliklinik umum
sedangkan yang paling layak adalah (81,4%)
poli gigi. Adapun ruangan non pelayanan yaitu
ruang tunggu (99,6%), gudang obat (84,5%),
toilet (77%) sebagian besar sudah tersedia
dengan kategori layak. Demikian pula dengan
ketersediaan air sepanjang tahun, sebagian
besar sudah tersedia (83,6%) dengan kategori
layak (81,2%). Namun untuk penanganan
limbah puskesmas lebih dari separuh (66,8%)
tersedia tetapi dengan kategori kurang layak
(72,7%). Terdapat hubungan signifikans antara
ABSTRACT BOOK
kelayakan ruangan pelayanan, non pelayanan,
air bersih dan penanganan limbah dengan
topografi wilayah. Demikian terdapat
hubungan
antara
kelayakan
ruangan
pelayanan, non pelayanan, air bersih dan
limbah tetapi hanya berdasar keterpencilan
menurut jumlah penduduk dan lokasi
puskemas. Kesimpulan :
Di Indonesia
ketersediaan fasilitas fisik Puskesmas, yaitu
tanah dan bangunan, ruangan pelayanan, non
pelayanan, air bersih, sebagian besar sudah
tersedia dengan kategori layak, baik
berdasarkan topografi, demografi maupun
geografi. Sedangkan fasilitas penanganan
limbah, sebagaian besar kategori kurang
layak. Menurut kelayakan fasilitas Puskesmas
terdapat hubungan antara kelayakan ruangan
pelayanan, non pelayanan, air bersih dan
limbah dengan keterpencilan menurut jumlah
penduduk dan lokasi puskemas.
ID: 297
ANALISIS DETERMINAN PADA IBU
MENYUSUI DI JAWA TIMUR YANG
BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERILAKU
KONSUMSI OBAT TRADISIONAL
149.
Dr. Oeke Yunita, Ssi, Msi, Apt
Universitas Surabaya
ID: 298
THE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT
MODEL OF INTEGRATED ERADICATION
OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL
DISEASE(COMPLETING THE MODEL
FROM FINANCING SIDE)
150.
Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni
There are several diseases that fall into the
group of neglected diseases (Neglected
Disease)
in
Indonesia.
There
are
Leprosy/Kusta, Yaws/Frambusia, Rabies,
Japanesse encephalitis, Leptospirosis, Brain
cysticercosis
and
Soil
Transmitted
Helminthiasis. Until now, the abovementioned diseases is still a public health
problem in Indonesia. Although the disease is
still quite problematic in Indonesia, but
received little attention in the control in the
absence of strategic importance for any party
and also the lack of political pressure groups
to defend his suffering. Besides these diseases
also have a lower mortality rate than TB,
malaria and HIV / AIDS, in addition to no
potential for outbreaks. The general objective
of the study is calculate the cost of an
integrated eradication (by model) on a
neglected tropical disease Leprosy/Kusta,
Yaws/Frambusia, Filariasis and disease more
caused. Expected results of this study
complement previous research (Integrated
Model Development Neglected Tropical
Diseases) from the financing side. Research
Design: Cross Sectional conducted in three
districts namely Alor (NTT), District Piddie
(Aceh), and Pekalongan (Central Java). The
study was conducted over 10 months by way
of secondary data is data tracking coverage of
disease financing program in 2010 in each of
the District Health Department . The results
showed that the cost of an integrated
eradication (by model) at the four neglected
tropical diseases in Alor District in 2010 found
as many as 813 cases by the number of
operating costs for the eradication
Rp.44.745.722 case number. In 2011 found as
many as 333 cases by the number of
operating costs for the eradication
Rp.252.860.236 case number, and the
prediction of an integrated eradication costs
in 2012 amounted to Rp.242.831.986, - an
integrated eradication fee (according to the
model) in the four neglected tropical diseases
City Pekalongan: Total cost for integrated NTD
eradication of Rp. 616,688,474 (100%) in 2011
and Rp. 648,412,313, - (98.49%) in 2012.
While the cost of an integrated eradication
(by model) at the four neglected tropical
diseases in the district Piddie in 2011
amounted to Rp. 1742334507, -, and 2012
amounted to Rp. 1,852,967,709. -.
Suggestions for programs related to the
results of this research are activities and
programs to eradicate neglected tropical
disease control in health districts and health
centers reactivated, it is necessary financing
of the division of authority at central level,
provincial and district levels so that the costs
do not occur in the district, need role active in
other sectors such as education, water supply
and other related sectors in the eradication
and prevention activities, maximizing the BOK
funding for case finding activities in endemic
areas that lack operational costs, increase
activity so that limited funds of health
promotion integrated counseling in health
centers can be controlled, and training of
health supporting staff and personnel
associated with the program of neglected
tropical diseases more enhanced frequency
and done routinely.
ABSTRACT BOOK
ABSTRACT BOOK

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