Sewerage sector under SPAN

CONFERENCE ON SEWERAGE AND WASTEWATER
TREATMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
- TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
12 – 13 October, 2011
Imperial Hotel, Vung Tau City, Ba Ria Vung Tau Province, Vietnam
Institutional Reforms In Sewerage and Wastewater
Management
- Sewerage Sector Under SPAN
by:
NOORHASHIM BARON
Sewerage Regulatory Department
National Water Services Commission (SPAN), Malaysia.
1
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Malaysia
The population of Malaysia in 2010 was
approximately 28 million
Area: 330,242 sq. km.
West Malaysia: 11 states + Federal Territories of
Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya
East Malaysia: 2 states (Sabah and Sarawak) +
Federal Territory of Labuan
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Sewerage System
Sewerage Systems
Quantity
Population
Equivalent (PE)
Connected Services
Public Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) – Centralised STP
78
5,638,858
Public Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) – Multipoint STP
5,703
13,893,668
Private Sewage Treatment Plant
2,240
2,623,239
4,382
546,160
1,254,622
6,388,240
894,859
4,474,293
829
-
15,344
-
Septic Tank & Pour Flush
Communal Septic Tank
Individual Septic Tank
Pour Flush
Others
Network Pumping Station
Length of Sewer Network (km)
3
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Evolution of The Sewerage System In
Malaysia
SSD
SSA (Sewerage
Only)
Local Authorities
Prior to 1950-s
OP/AL
Pour Flush
1950-s
Septic Tank
Imhoff Tank
1960-s
Primitive / Primary Treatment
Address Public Health
44
1970-s
1980-s
SPAN
WSIA (Water
& Sewerage)
Activated Sludge/ Fully Mechanised
Biological Filters
Plant
1990-s
Partial / Full Secondary Treatment
2008
Year
Tertiary
Treatment
Address River Pollution and Environment
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Policy & Institutional Framework
on Water Services Reform
BODY
5
AREA OF
RESPONSIBILITY
DESCRIPTION
Federal Government
(Ministry of Energy, Water
and Communications)
Policy matters
Development of a holistic water policy
for the country by setting policy
directions.
State Government
Raw Water matters
Regulate raw water abstraction and
catchment management
National Water Resource
Council (NWRC) – chaired
by Prime Minister
Water Resource
matters – Cross
boundaries / Inter state
/ Issue of National
interest
Ensures coordination with the various
State Government in the management
of the water basins.
National Water Services
Commission (SPAN)
Regulatory matters
Regulate the Water Services industry
(Water and Sewerage services)
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Sewerage remains under the jurisdiction
of Federal Government
A) Individual Septic Tank
PREMISE OWNER
SEPTIC TANK
B) Connected System
PUBLIC SEWER
IV
PR
N
TIO
EC
N
ON
E C PE
AT PI
PREMISE OWNER
SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANT
RIVER
TREATMENT
6
COLLECTION
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Water Services Industry (WSIA) ACT
2006 [Act 655]
An Act to provide for and regulate water
supply services and sewerage services
Objective : to establish a licensing and
regulatory framework for regulatory
intervention to promote national policy
objectives for the industry.
Does not affect general applications of
existing laws on environment quality and land
matters and existing State powers on water
source.
Approved in Parliament in June 2006 and
gazetted on 20th July 2006
Came into force on 1st January 2008
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
National Policy Objectives
National Policy Objectives for the Water Supply and
Sewerage Services Industry are:
i.
To establish a transparent and integrated structure for water
supply services and sewerage services that delivers effective
and efficient service to consumers;
ii. To ensure long term availability and sustainability of water
supply including the conservation of water;
iii. To contribute to the sustainability of the watercourse and the
water catchment areas;
iv. To facilitate the development of competition to promote
economy and efficiency in the water supply services and
sewerage services industry;
v. To establish a regulatory environment which facilitates
financial self sustainability amongst the operator in the water
services and sewerage services industry in the long term;
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
National Policy Objectives (cont’d…)
vi. To regulate for the long-term benefit of the consumers;
vii. To regulate tariff and ensure the provision of affordable
services on an equitable basis;
viii. To improve the quality of life and environment through the
effective and efficient management of water supply services
and sewerage services;
ix. To establish an effective system of accountability and
governance between operators in the water services and
sewerage services industry; and
x. To regulate the safety and security of the water supply
system and sewerage system.
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara
ACT 2006 [Act 654]
An
Act to establish the Suruhanjaya
Perkhidmatan Air Negara – SPAN (National
Water Services Commission) and set out the
function and powers of SPAN which includes:
• To advise the Minister on the national policy
objective
• To implement and enforce the provisions of
WSIA
• To supervise and monitor water supply
services and sewerage services activities
• To review and recommend tariffs
SPAN is the economic and technical
regulator
Approved by Parliament in June 2006 and
came into force on 1 Feb 2007
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Who are being regulated ?
PUBLIC
SEWERAGE
OPERATORS
SEWERAGE
CONTRACTORS
PLUMBERS
REGULATED
BY SPAN
MANUFACTURERS /
SUPPLIERS
WATER
CONTRACTORS
11
PRIVATE
SEWERAGE
OPERATORS
PRIVATE
WATER
OPERATORS
PUBLIC
WATER
OPERATORS
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Regulation Focus Under WSIA ACT
Social
Regulation
Technical
Regulation
Efficient
and
Effective
Effective
Regulation
Water
Supply
Services
Consumer
Protection
Economic
Regulation
12
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Economic Regulation
As an Economic Regulator, SPAN recommends to the
Minister for the granting of:
a) Individual License to:
– Own a public water supply or sewerage system or any part of the
system; or
– Undertake, provide or make available any water supply or sewerage
services or part of the services by means of operating a public water
supply or sewerage system
b) Class License to:
– Own a private water supply or sewerage system or any part of the
systems; or
– Undertake, provide or make available any water supply or sewerage
services or part of the services by means of operating a private
water supply or sewerage system
[Sections 4 – 28]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Economic Regulation (cont’d..)
• Approve 3-year rolling business plan and
updated on an annual basis which details out:
– The individual licensee’s plan for expansion, maintenance,
repairs, upgrading, improvement, refurbishment or alteration of
the public water supply or sewerage system;
– The capital and operational expenses for undertaking such
activities
• Individual licensee is responsible to carry out
the activities set out in the approved business
plan
[Section 30]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Technical Regulation
• Setting up Standards of Performance and KPIs for water supply and
sewerage services licencees [Section 180(a)(iv)]
– Examples: Drinking water quality, NRW, response time to
breaks, water pressures, billing complaints
• Allow only persons possessing qualifications and holdings
certificates to work, manage or operate water supply or sewerage
systems [Section 49]
• Allow use or supply of standard equipment, device, material, system
or facilities [Section 129]
• Allow only contractors and plumbers who hold permits issued by
SPAN to work on water supply or sewerage systems [Section 50]
• Approves plan for construction of water supply and sewerage
systems [Section 45]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Quality Output
The new regulatory regime is aimed to ensure:
QUALITY
INPUT
Quality
• Materials
• Products
+
QUALITY
PEOPLE +
PROCESS
Skilled,
Competent
• Contractors
• Plumbers
+
QUALITY
OPERATION &
MAINTENANCE
QUALITY
OUTPUT
(INFRASTRUCTURE)
=
Efficient
• Operation
• Facilities management
and maintenance
Quality &
Reliable
• Infrastructure/
Facilities
Standard,
Proven
• Specification
• Procedures
• Best Practices
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Certifying Agencies
•
SPAN may appoint Certifying Agencies (CA) for
the following purposes:
• Approving plans, specifications or detailed designs relating to
construction of water supply/sewerage systems
• Issuance of permits
• Certifying compliance with technical standards made under any
subsidiary legislation.
•
•
Approval by CA shall be deemed to be SPAN’s
approval
Technical Audit will be carried out on CA to
ensure
compliance
to
standards
and
specifications
[Section 174]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Malaysian Sewerage Industry
Guidelines
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
SEWERAGE GUIDELINES
Meant to streamline design parameters and
achieve consistencies in practices –
designs, constructions
Sets the minimum standard for certification of sewerage works for
developers and their consulting engineers
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Why We Need Sewerage Guidelines /
Standards ?
Undersized channel which is unable to
handle peak flow
20
Accessibility?
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Social Regulation
• SPAN shall designate “Water Forum”
• Main task is to protect the consumers’ interests
• Function of Water Forum includes:
– To give feedback and make recommendations to SPAN on
any matters concerning the interest of consumers of water
supply and sewerage services;
– To represent the interest of consumers of water supply and
sewerage services;
– To promote consumers interest in relation to tariff and
standards of water supply and sewerage services;
• SPAN shall have due regard to the
recommendations of the Water Forum
[Section 69]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Consumer Protection
• Prepare consumer standards which include
procedures for:
– reasonably meeting consumer requirements;
– handling of customer complaints and disputes;
– the protection of consumer information.
• Consumer standards may address:
– provision of information to consumers regarding services rates and
performances;
– service levels and quality of service to be provided to consumers;
– provision of fault repair services;
– customer charging, billing, collection and credit practices; and
– any other matters of concern to consumers.
[Section 68]
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Effluent discharge standards for
sewage treatment systems
Environmental Quality Act 1974
Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009
Existing sewage treatment systems approved before January 1999
Type of Sewage Treatment Systems
Parameter
Unit
Communal
Septic Tank
Imhoff Tank
Aerated
Lagoon
Oxidation
Pond
Mechanical
System
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
(a) BOD5 at 20oC
mg/L
200
200
175
175
100
100
120
120
60
60
(b) COD
mg/L
-
-
-
-
300
300
360
360
180
240
(c) Suspended Solids
mg/L
180
180
150
150
120
120
150
150
100
120
(d) Oil & Grease
mg/L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
20
(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
-
-
100
100
80
80
70
70
60
60
Existing sewage treatment systems approved after January 1999
Mechanical System
Parameter
23
Unit
Standard A
Standard B
(a) BOD5 at 20 OC
mg/L
20
50
(b) COD
mg/L
120
200
(c) Suspended Solids
mg/L
50
100
(d) Oil and Grease
mg/L
20
20
(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/L
50
50
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Effluent discharge standards for
sewage treatment systems
New sewage treatment system
Mechanical System
Standard A
Standard B
oC
40
40
-
6.0 - 9.0
5.5 – 9.0
(c) BOD5 at 20oC
mg/L
20
50
(d) COD
mg/L
120
200
(e) Suspended Solids
mg/L
50
100
(f) Oil and Grease
mg/L
5.0
10.0
(g) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed water body)
mg/L
5.0
5.0
(h) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (river)
mg/L
10.0
20.0
(i) Nitrate – Nitrogen (river)
mg/L
20.0
50.0
(j) Nitrate – Nitrogen (enclosed water body)
mg/L
10.0
10.0
(h) Phosphorus (enclosed water body)
mg/L
5.0
10.0
(a) Temperature
(b) pH Value
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
Sewerage Charges
Domestic Premises
Category
Commercial Premises
Connected
Charge per month
House with Annual Value more than RM 600.00 &
Government Quarters in Grade A, B, C, D & E
RM 8.00
(USD 2.5)
Low-cost house with Annual Value less than RM 600.00
& Government Quarters for Civil Servants in Grade F,
G, H & I
RM 2.00
(USD 0.65)
House that is located on Land declared to be a Village,
New Village or Estate by the relevant State Authority
RM 3.00
(USD 0.95)
Industrial Premises
Category
Industrial premises based on head-count/number of
users
Connected
Charge per month
RM 2.50 per head
per month
Government Premises
Category
Government Premises
Rate on excess volume of
water usage per month
•
•
•
25
Connected
Charge per month
RM 40.00
Water usage up to 100m3 – No Charge
Water usage more than 100m3 – RM
0.45 per m3
Water usage more than 200m3 – RM
0.98 per m3
Band
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Annual Value
(RM)
0 – 2000
2,001 – 5,000
5,001 – 10,000
10,001 – 20,000
20,001 – 30,000
30,001 – 40,000
40,001 – 50,000
50,001 – 60,000
60,001 – 70,000
70,001 – 80,000
80,001 – 90,000
90,001 – 100,000
100,001 – 200,000
200,001 – 400,000
400,001 – 600,000
600,001 – 800,000
800,001 – 1,000,000
1,000,001 – 3,000,000
3,000,001 – 5,000,000
5,000,001 – 7,000,000
More than 7,000,001
Rate on excess volume of water
usage per month
Connected
Charge per month
RM 8.00
RM 14.00
RM 20.00
RM 26.00
RM 29.00
RM 32.00
RM 35.00
RM 38.00
RM 41.00
RM 44.00
RM 47.00
RM 50.00
RM 180.00
RM 495.00
RM 522.00
RM 1,980.00
RM 2,160.00
RM 4,320.00
RM 8,800.00
RM 9,200.00
RM 9,600.00
• Water usage up to 100m3 – No Charge
• Water usage more than 100m3 but less
than 200m3 – RM 0.30 per m3
• Water usage more than 200m3 – RM
0.45 per m3
USD 1 = RM 3.2
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
CONCLUSION
Federalization of Sewerage in Malaysia
since 1994 had brought sewerage services
to a reasonable level today;
Further enhancement could be achieved
through institutional reforms in sewerage
industry to address fundamental issues of
inefficient and ineffective water services to
reach the set sustainable levels nationwide.
26
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA
THANK YOU
National Water Services Commission, Malaysia
www.span.gov.my
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SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA