Ramsar and wetland conservation in France

Transcription

Ramsar and wetland
conservation in France
Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy
www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Editorial
Wetlands, transition areas between land and water, represent an
exceptional natural heritage by virtue of their biological wealth and of the
natural functions they fulfil. Together with tropical forests, they are amongst
the world’s richest and more productive natural environments.
Despite a slowdown in their degradation since the 1990’, wetlands remain
amongst the most degraded natural ecosystems in France, both in terms of surface area and
conservation status.
France has always been dedicated to their preservation and sustainable management. In
1986, France ratified the Ramsar Convention, the world convention on wetlands. In 2008,
coming back from Ramsar 10th Conference of Parties, France decided to give a boost to
Ramsar implementation and to give more visibility to these too often unknown ecosystems.
As a consequence, the Ministry of Sustainable Development drafted a national action plan for
wetlands for the 2010-2012 period with the support of a national group for wetlands bringing
together all the relevant stakeholders.
The national action plan for wetlands is based on an evaluation of activities implemented since
1995. It comprises the 29 concrete actions, considered as the most appropriate to contribute
to the conservation and restoration of wetlands. It also represents a concrete contribution to
the implementation of the National Strategy on Biodiversity and numerous European Union
Directives and policies on biodiversity, agriculture and water quality.
Let us discover some actions implemented in this context and presented according to the
goals of the Ramsar 2009-2015 strategic plan.
Cover: Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) flying over the Camargue gardoise.
Odile Gauthier,
Director of Water and Biodiversity
Contents
• The implementation of the Ramsar Convention in France. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sustainable use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
• A national survey on wetland conservation status,
based on experts’ opinion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
• The value of wetland services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
• Research on extensive cattle breeding in wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
• The commitment of local authorities to wetland restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
• The protection of wetlands through land purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
• The Award on wetlands in Urbanized Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
• The mobilisation of farmers for the sustainable management of wetlands. . . . 18
• The Atlas of French Overseas Mangroves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
• The Natura 2000 Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
• The European Water Framework Directive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
• The Green and Blue Infrastructure and the National Strategy
for the Creation of Protected Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
• The promotion of wetlands in the fight against floods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
The establishment of an international network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
• The designation of Ramsar sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
• The Ramsar France NGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
International cooperation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
• The Medwet Initiative and the Observatory
of Mediterranean wetlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
• The support to the new Pacific Action Plan for Wetlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
• The financing of projects in developing countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
• Synergies with the AEWA agreement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Education and awareness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
• A Communication and Education plan of wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
• The World Wetland Day. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
• A survey on the public perception of wetlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3
The implementation
of the Ramsar Convention in France
The Convention on wetlands of international importance, called Ramsar
Convention, is an intergovernmental treaty providing a framework
for national actions and international cooperation for the conservation
and sustainable use of wetlands and their resources. It currently gathers
160 countries.
The list of wetlands of international importance, listed under the Convention,
covers up to now more than 1,900 sites for a total surface area of 190 billion
hectares. In France, 42 wetlands of international importance have been
designated in mainland France and in its overseas territories, six of them in
2012.
For more
n:
informatio
xy www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Click on: Construction, urbanisme,
aménagement et ressources naturelles / Eau
et biodiversité / Espaces et milieux naturels
terrestres / Zones humides / La convention de
Ramsar
xy www.ramsar.org
In France, the implementation of the Convention is ensured by:
xy an administrative authority (Ministry of Sustainable Development);
xy a national focal point ensuring, in particular, regular contacts with the
Secretariat of the Convention and coordinating the implementation of the
Convention at the national level (Directorate for Water and Biodiversity at
the Ministry of Sustainable Development);
xy a national advisory group on wetlands, established on 6 April 2009 for
four years, which provides technical support to the Government for
implementing its wetland policy in general and the Ramsar Convention in
particular;
xy the national representative of the Scientific & Technical Review Panel
(STRP) who works in coordination with his counterparts in other contracting
Parties;
xy two focal points for communication, education and public participation. The
governmental representative is the national Ramsar Focal Point and the non
governmental representative is the "société nationale pour la protection de
la nature" (www.snpn.com).
Ramsar sites
Marais audomarois
Baie de
Somme
salants
Île Europa Marais
de Guérande
et du Més
-
Etang des salines
0 10 km
Basse
*GIS
Mana:
Guyane
0
Golfe du
Morbihan
Europa
10 km
0
5 km
0
5 km
T.A.A.F.
Mayotte
Grande Brière,
marais du
0 Bassin
100 km
du Brivet
Îles Crozet
0
Vasière des
Badamiers
50 km
10 km
La Brenne
-
-
Etang de
Palo
-
Etang
d'Urbino
Etang de
Biguglia
Mares temporaires
de Tre Padule
de Suartone
Tourbière
de Moltifao
100 km
50
0
Etangs littoraux
de la Narbonnaise
contour SIG non disponible*
Site Ramsar,
Site Ramsar
50 km
0
50 km
0
RNN des T.A.A.F.
50 km
Îles Kerguelen
Îles Crozet
0
10 km
Mayotte
Grande Brière,
marais du Bassin
du Brivet
0
T.A.A.F.
-
Petite
Camargue
Etangs palavasiens
-
Delta de la Leyre
Saint-Paul
Amsterdam
Marais d’Orx
Marais du
fier d'Ars
Grande Brière,
marais du Bassin
du Brivet
et du Més
5 km
0
Europa
5 km
Salins
d'Hyères
Camargue
-
Etangs de
Villepey
Lac du Bourget,
marais de Chautagne
-
Impluvium d'Evian
Rives du
lac Léman
La Brenne
Basses vallées angevines,
marais de Basse Maine
et de Saint-Aubin
Lac de
Grand Lieu
Golfe du
Morbihan
20 km
0
Badamiers
Basses
vallées angevines,
Îles Kerguelen
et de Saint-Aubin
Lac de
Grand Lieu
0
5 km
forêt du Romersberg
et zones voisines
Saint-Paul
50 km
RNN des T.A.A.F.
Bassin du
Drugeon
0
Rives du
lac Léman
Rhin supérieur,
Oberrhein
Amsterdam
50 km
0
-
50 km
Impluvium d'Evian
fier d'Ars
Site Ramsar
Site Ramsar,
contour SIG non disp
Lac du Bourget,
marais de Chautagne
Saint-Paul
Delta de la Leyre
Marais d’Orx
Petite
Camargue
Delta
Marais d’Orx
Source: MNHN (SPN),Marais
31/12/2009.
Réalisation : SOeS, 2012.
du
geographic information system. To date the precise contours of the site are not available.
Estuaire
du fleuve
Sinnamary
Marais
de Kaw
Vasière des
0
T.A.A.F. Etangs
du Lindre,
Etangs de la Îles Crozet
Champagne
humide
Source: MNHN (SPN), 31/12/2009. Réalisation : SOeS, 2012.
20 km
Mayotte
5 km
Etangs de la
Petite Woëvre
100 km
0
Guyane
Baie du
Estuaire
Mont-Saint-Michel
du fleuve
Sinnamary
Marais
de Kaw
0 -
Gol
Mor
et du Més
0
Zones humides et
marines de Saint-Martin
Lagon de
Moorea
Basse
Mana
10 km
Europa
Estuaire
du fleuve
Sinnamary
Marais
de Kaw
Grand Cul de
Sac marin
Polynésie
Baie de
0
Somme
Baie du
Mont-Saint-Miche
salants
Île Europa Marais
de Guérande
Marais audomarois
Guyane
0 10du
kmCotentin
Marais
et du Bessin,
Baie des Veys
20 km
Vasière des
Badamiers
-
-
Etang de
Palo
Basse
Mana
100 km
Polynésie
0
0
Mares temporaires
de Tre Padule
de Suartone
Etang des salines
Saint-Martin
-
Etang
Lagon de
d'Urbino
Moorea
Zones humides et
Les sites Ramsar (2012)
Martinique
Saint-Martin
0
50
Martinique
Tourbière
de Moltifao
10 km
d'Hyères
Marais du C
et du Be
Baie des
-
0
Guadeloupe
-
0
Salins
Guadeloupe
Grand Cul de
Sac marin
Etang des salines
Ramsar
site
Site Ramsar
Ramsar
site,
Site Ramsar,
GIS
contour
notdisponible*
available*
contour
SIG non
Lagon de
Moorea
50 km
Etangs littoraux
de la Narbonnaise
-
Etang de
Biguglia
Zones humides et
-
0
Etangs de la
Champagne
humide
-
Etangs de
Camargue
Les sites Ramsar
(2012)Villepey
salants
Île Europa Marais
de Guérande
-
Etangs palavasiens
Grand Cul de
Sac marin
Amsterdam
Saint-Martin
.A.F.
Petite
Camargue
Polynésie
Delta de la Leyre
Baie du
Mont-Saint-Michel
Lac du Bourget,
marais de Chautagne
Saint-Paul
Marais d’Orx
-
Marais audomarois
Marais du Cotentin
et du Bessin,
Baie des Veys
Marais du
fier d'Ars
-
Impluvium d'Evian
Rives du
lac Léman
La Brenne
Martinique
5 km
Bassin du
Drugeon
Guadeloupe
Grande Brière,
marais du Bassin
du Brivet
Baie de
Somme
et du Més
Europa
Basses vallées angevines,
et de Saint-Aubin
Lac de
Grand Lieu
Etangs de la
Petite Woëvre
-
Rhin supérieur,
Oberrhein
Golfe du
Morbihan
salants
Île Europa Marais
de Guérande
0
Bassin du
Drugeon
20 km
Les sites Ramsar (2012)
0
-
Etangs de la
Champagne
humide
0 10 km
Baie du
Mont-Saint-Michel
on de
orea
-
Etangs du Lindre,
et zones voisines
Rhin supérieur,
Oberrhein
Polynésie
-
Etangs de la
Petite Woëvre
Etangs du Lindre,
et zones voisines
Marais du Cotentin
et du Bessin,
Baie des Veys
5
Sustainable use
A national survey
on wetland conservation status,
based on experts' opinion
In order to have a regular assessment of the conservation status and
evolution of wetlands, France adopted an original approach consisting in a
survey based on experts’ opinion on a sample of wetlands. This survey was
first conducted in 1991, then in 2003, and again in 2011, with an extension
to bogs and overseas wetlands.
The investigation was made on 152 wetlands in mainland France and
overseas territories. It concludes that, between 2000 and 2010, 47,7%
of them had a deterioratingconservation status whereas the status of
52,3% had a stable or improving conservation status. Drainage,
urbanization, exceptional climatic events and spreading of invasive species
have contributed to the loss of surface areas and conservation status of
wetlands ecosystems. Among them, salty wetland ecosystems from the
Atlantic shore resisted globally better than plain and alluvial fresh water
ecosystems. On the other hand, an increase of conservation actions is
evidenced.
For more
n:
informatio
xy www.statistiques.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Click on: - Environnement / Milieux / Zones humides
Click on: - Publications / Résultats recherche
xy http://indicateurs-biodiversite.naturefrance.fr
Click on: Les indicateurs / Évolution de l'état des zones humides
Aerial view of the Somme bay.
7
Sustainable use
COMMISSARIA
T
GÉNÉRAL
AU
DÉVELOPPEME
NT
DURABLE
n° 49
Études & do
Evaluation
Septembre
2011
économ
cuments
ique des
serv
par les zon ices rendus
es humides
ments mét
-
Enseigne
hodologiq
N
ues de
isation
ÉC ON OM
IE ET ÉV AL
UA TIO
monétar
Service de
l’économ
ie, de l’évaluat
ion et de
l’intégrat
ion du développ
www.dev
eloppeme
ement durable
nt-durable
.gouv.fr
The value
of wetland services
The importance of the services supplied by wetlands is often only
visible when these ecosystems are deteriorating or disappearing.
It is therefore important to assess the economic value of the
ecosystem services, in particular their wildlife carrying capacity.
To that end, the Ministry of Sustainable Development conducted
in 2010-2011 a methodological study on the evaluation of
wetlands services of the Ramsar site of Cotentin and Bessin.
Reference values based on a solid methodology have been
established. The study followed an original approach combining
different monetary methods, including population surveys, in order
to obtain values as complete as possible. The estimated value of
all the services ranges from 2,400 to 4,400 euros per hectare.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Salle de lecture, « Évaluation économique des services rendus par
les zones humides - Enseignements méthodologiques de monétarisation »,
Études et documents, n°49, sept. 2011
Further studies are also available on the National web portal on wetlands:
xy www.zones-humides.eaufrance.fr
Click on: Intérêts / Services rendus / Évaluation économique
Regional Nature Park of Cotentin
and Bessin marshes.
9
Sustainable use
Research on extensive cattle
breeding in wetlands
There is only little research available about the sustainable management of
wetlands by extensive grazing. In 2011, the National Institute for Agronomic
Research (INRA) started to work on the innovation and dissemination on
agronomic production techniques and systems. This work is organised in
three chapters:
xy Implementation and management of network of partners interested in
innovations concerning cattle breeding in wetland;
xy Bibliographic synthesis on the economic assets and constrains of cattle
breeding in these ecosystems;
xy Preparation of a research project with the network partners to fill in the
gaps identified in the bibliographic synthesis.
Furthermore, the Carteau website gives a complete panorama of research
institutions and programmes from public and private sector dealing with water
and aquatic ecosystems in France.
For more
n:
informatio
xy www.poitou-charentes.inra.fr
Click on: L’Inra en Poitou-Charentes / Implantations /
Saint-Laurent-de-la-Prée (17)
xy http://carteau.onema.fr
Young Maraîchines cattle in a wet
meadow of the Marais Poitevin.
This breed is emblematic
of Atlantic marshes.
11
Sustainable use
The commitment of local
authorities to wetland
restoration
Numerous preservation and restoration projects are implemented in France
thanks to the strong involvement of local contractors. Water agencies
dedicate about 20 billion euros a year to support local authorities to
implement management, acquisition and restoration projects in favour
of wetlands. With the view to fostering their commitment, several recent
success stories are brought to their knowledge and made available on the
web information portal on wetlands.
The établissements publics territoriaux de bassin (Public Territorial Basin
Institutions), the objectives of which are to facilitate integrated water
resource management, organised a conference in 2011 for local authorities
on “wetlands, territories and planning”.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: - Agir / Témoignages d'acteurs
- Agir / Plans et programmes / 9èmes programmes
des agences de l'eau
- Agir / Retours d’expériences cours d'eau et zones humides
xy www.lesagencesdeleau.fr
Click on: Les élus agissent pour la protection des zones humides
xy www.eptb.asso.fr
Click on: Colloques
Maintenance of a reed bed in
the Marne valley (Grand Voyeux
regional domain).
13
Sustainable use
The protection of wetlands
through land purchase
The purchase of wetlands is an efficient way to protect them from a too
strong land pressure. Since its creation, the task of the "Conservatoire
du littoral" is to acquire coastal land for this conservation purpose. The
"conservatoires d’espaces naturels", the "sociétés d’aménagement foncier
et d’établissement rural", the sub-regions (departments) also hold this
capacity. Water agencies contribute to the financing of these acquisitions.
Over the 2009-2010 period, water agencies and the "Conservatoire du
littoral" has thus contributed to the protection of 8,114 ha of wetlands. It
is planned that local authorities will buy 20,000 additional ha of wetlands
before 2015 with the aim of fighting against artificial land cover and
promoting their sustainable management, in particular through agriculture.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Agir / Plans et programmes / Acquisition de 20 000 ha
xy www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr
xy www.enf-conservatoires.org
xy Sociétés d'aménagement foncier et d'établissement rural :
www.safer.fr
Thousands of hectares of wetlands
have been acquired in the past
years on the Camargue coast.
15
Sustainable use
The Award on wetlands
in Urbanized Area
Municipalities are important actors in the conservation and promotion
of wetlands, either in cities or rural areas. For this reason, the Ministry of
Sustainable Development, in partnership with the Association of French
Mayors and the Water Agencies, has launched in 2011 the "Wetland and
Urbanized Area Award". It rewards and promotes exemplary initiatives that
have taken into account wetlands in urban planning policies, as well as in
the planning process and documents.
The award was granted on 2 February 2012 to the municipality of SaintJacques de la Lande (Ille-et-Vilaine) for the development of a 14 ha urban
park dedicated to the protection and sustainable use of wetlands.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Construction, urbanisme, aménagement et ressources naturelles /
Eau et biodiversité / Espaces et milieux naturels terrestres / Zones
humides / Grand Prix « Zones humides en milieu urbanisé » 2011
xy www.ville-st-jacques-de-la-lande.fr
Click on: Urbanisme / Parc de St-Jacques
Urban development in the
municipality of Saint-Jacques-dela-Lande (Ille-et-Vilaine), winner of
the Award.
17
Sustainable use
The mobilisation of farmers
for the sustainable management
of wetlands
In February 2012, the Minister of Sustainable Development signed a 3-year
agreement with the Permanent Assembly of Chambers of Agriculture
to create incentives among farmers to set up local projects aiming at
combining cost effective and sustainable agricultural practices and wetlands
conservation.
In 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture implemented a Wetland AgroEnvironmental Measure (mesure agri-environnementale territorialisée MAET) aiming at maintaining the agro-ecological balance of wet natural
meadows. The Agro-Environmental Measures represents a specific tool
of the European Common Agricultural Policy. These measures provide
financial support to farmers for the establishment of appropriate agricultural
practices in line with the conservation of water resources and of remarkable
ecosystems. The wetland Agro-Environmental Measure gives all freedom to
the farmer to decide how he/she is going to fulfil his/her commitments. The
main control criterion is the presence of a flora that is specific to wetland
sustainable management practices. In 2011, more than 70,000 ha of
wetlands benefited from the system for a total amount of 11 billion euros.
For more
n:
informatio
xy About the agreement with the Permanent Assembly of Chambers of
Agriculture:
www.zones-humides.eaufrance.fr
Click on: Toutes les actualités / Appel à projets Agriculture en zone humide
Suffolk sheep breeding
in the Somme bay.
19
Sustainable use
The atlas of French
Overseas Mangroves
France is situated at the 32nd rank for its mangrove surface with more than
100 000 ha. Together with the French Initiative for Coral Reefs (IFRECOR),
the Conservatoire du littoral committed itself to develop its action towards
a better knowledge and preservation of these ecosystems. Numerous
discovery facilities were created in the French Caribbean, Guyana and are
planned in Mayotte, in Saint Martin, etc. and supported by pedagogical
documents and posters.
The Atlas of French Overseas Mangroves, published in 2010 by the
Conservatoire du littoral, makes an assessment of available knowledge on
mangroves, draws perspectives on their management and evolution in the
various French overseas local authorities.
For more
n:
informatio
xy Atlas of French Overseas Mangroves:
Click on: Entre terre et eau / Diversité des milieux humides / En outre-mer /
Mangroves
xy French Initiative for Coral Reefs: www.ifrecor.org
xy Conservatoire du littoral : www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr
Promenade in Port-Louis mangrove
in Guadalupe.
21
Sustainable use
The Natura 2000
Network
Fundamental tool of European policy biodiversity, the Natura 2000 network
contributes to the conservation of habitats and species at a national and European
scale (European Union). Whereas the French Natura 2000 network covers 12,5%
of the terrestrial territory, 6% of the network (400,000 ha), covers wetlands.
In addition, 4 billion ha were designated for marine habitat and species
conservation.
For each Natura 2000 site, the Objective Document (DOCOB) defines the
management measures to be taken to maintain or restore a favourable
conservation status benefiting both habitats and species that justified the
designation of the site. The restoration and the maintenance of wetlands
(creation or restoration of pools, restoration of riparian woodlands, wetland plant
cutting, and restoration of hydrological extents, etc.) represent the major part
of the measures introduced.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Construction, urbanisme, aménagement
et ressources naturelles / Eau et biodiversité /
Espaces et milieux naturels terrestres /
Natura 2000
The European Water
Framework Directive
The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) gives objectives for the
preservation and restoration of surface and underground water. The principles
of the WFD are:
xy a water-shed-based approach;
xy the setting of precise goals to achieve;
xy a specific planning and programming with fixed deadlines;
xy the integration of environmental costs in the calculation of water cost;
xy a broad public consultation.
France implements the Directive with a real “water governance” involving all
stakeholders to the preparation of the so-called water planning and management
master plans that define objectives for each watershed. The restoration of river
morphology and aquatic and wetland ecosystems constitutes one of the strategic
priorities in the implementation of the WFD in France.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: prévention des risques / pollution, qualité
de l'environnement et santé / eau / directive cadre
eau
The Green and Blue
Infrastructure and the
National Strategy for
the Creation of Protected Areas
Wetlands are included in the Green and Blue Infrastructure (Trame verte et
bleue). The Green and Blue Infrastructure is a planning tool, which aims at (re)
establish a coherent ecological network at the national scale, for enabling animal
species to circulate, feed, breed and rest; in other words, to survive. The Green and
Blue Infrastructure therefore contributes to the preservation of ecological services
provided by biodiversity: quality of water, pollination, flood prevention, landscape
improvement, etc.
Those wetlands habitats and species presenting a particular interest for biodiversity
have been included in the list of priority habitats and species from the National
Strategy for the Creation of Protected Areas. The Strategy aims at enhancing the
coherence and the representativeness of the network of Protected Areas and to set
aside at least 2% of the national territory under strong protection status by the next
10 years.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Construction, urbanisme, aménagement
et ressources naturelles / Eau et biodiversité /
Espaces et milieux naturels terrestres / La Trame
verte et bleue
Click on: Agir / Plans et programmes / Stratégie
nationale pour la biodiversité / Stratégie nationale
de création d'aires protégées
The promotion of wetlands
in the fight against floods
Wetlands are well known for contributing to flood prevention thanks to their
capacity to store exceeding water during flooding period, but also for slowing
down the flooding flow thanks to their uneven surface. The goal of the Prevention
and Action Plans against Flood, launched in 2002, is to promote an integrated
management of flooding risks. The new terms of reference of these plans require
that focus be put on flood management actions that also allow give priority to:
xy the achievement of quality objectives for aquatic ecosystems;
xy the preservation of the space of mobility of the rivers and wetlands.
Through these programmes, the Ministry of Sustainable Development supports
wetland restoration and management works by local communities that contribute
to the reduction of flood risk.
For more
n:
informatio
xy http://catalogue.prim.net
Click on: Nos dernières publications / Programmes
d’action et de prévention des inondations (PAPI) :
de la stratégie aux programmes d’action : Cahier
des charges
23
The establishment of an international network
The designation
of Ramsar sites
France has designated 42 sites for a total of 3,4 billion ha. These sites are
distributed all over the country and cover a broad variety of wetlands. They
benefit from protection and sustainable management measures and their
designation is a consequence of a local will to be granted this internationally
recognised sustainable management label. The last 6 sites, designated in 2012,
are : the Moltifao bog in Corsica, the National Natural Reserve of Saint-Martin
in the Caribbean, the Badamiers mudflat in Mayotte (Indian Ocean), the project
of National Natural Reserve of Europa Island (Indian Ocean) belonging to the
French Antarctic and Southern Territories, the Leyre delta and the Orx marshes
in Aquitaine.
In order to clarify the designation process of new Ramsar sites, the Ministry
of Sustainable Development published a circular in December 2009 on the
implementation of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. It recommends in
particular, that each site have a steering committee, a coordinating body and a
local site correspondent as well as a management plan.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Construction, urbanisme, aménagement et ressources naturelles /
Eau et biodiversité / Espaces et milieux naturels terrestres / Zones humides
/ La convention de Ramsar
Click on: - Entre terre et eau / Où les trouve t on ? / Les sites reconnus /
Les sites Ramsar en France
Click on: - Réglementation / Engagements internationaux
Green turtle
(Chelonia mydas) courtship
around the Europa Island.
25
The establishment of an international network
The Ramsar
France NGO
Every year since 2009, the managers of Ramsar sites meet to share
experience and for common workshops through the support of the
Ministry for Sustainable Development and water agencies and on the
initiative of the French League for the Protection of Birds (LPO). Following
the success of these meetings, the Ramsar site managers decided to
federate and created the Ramsar France NGO, in 2011, with the tasks of:
xy disseminating and promoting the Ramsar label in France,
xy encouraging and accompanying the listing of new French sites,
xy improving the management of designated Ramsar sites,
xy creating appropriate conditions for sharing experience,
xy developing initiatives and outreach,
xy promoting Ramsar sites.
In 2011, the meeting was held in Camargue at the occasion
of the Ramsar convention 40-year anniversary, in the presence
of its Secretary General, Anada Tiega, and of Luc Hoffmann,
founder of the Tour du Valat research center.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Réglementation / Engagements internationaux / Association
Ramsar-France
Celebration of the 40 year anniversary
of the Ramsar Convention at the
initiative of the Ramsar France
NGO founders.
27
International cooperation
The Medwet Initiative
and the Observatory of
Mediterranean wetlands
In order to be fully effective, the conservation of waterbirds and their
habitat requires a dynamic international cooperation. Aware of this
dimension, France is active within various partnerships. Together with the
other countries around the Mediterranean, France initiated the creation
of MedWet (Mediterranean Wetlands), the first regional initiative of the
Ramsar Convention. MedWet is a special forum, which gathers the public
authorities of 27 Mediterranean countries, the European Commission, five
intergovernmental organisations and five non-governmental organisations,
as well as representatives of several research centres.
The Tour du Valat, the French scientific centre of the MedWet initiative, has
launched, in 2008, an Observatory of Mediterranean Wetlands, a partnership
mechanism to support monitoring and evaluation of wetlands involving
the member countries of the initiative. This science-policy platform aims at
providing knowledge and guidance to public authorities in charge of policies
in favour of conservation and sustainable use of wetlands.
For more
n:
informatio
xy Medwet : www.medwet.org
xy Observatoire des zones humides méditerranéennes :
www.medwetlands-obs.org
xy La Tour du Valat : www.tourduvalat.org
Prespa lakes shared between
Albania, Greece and the Republic
of Macedonia.
29
The support to the new Pacific
Action Plan for Wetlands
Wetlands in the Pacific islands present a unique biogeographical complexity.
They bring at the same time resources and services, which are crucial for
the sustainability of local economies, cultures and societies of the region.
A workshop was organised from 2 to 6 August 2010 in New Caledonia by
the Secretariat of the Ramsar Convention and the South Pacific Regional
Environmental Program (SPREP), with support from France and South
Province of New Caledonia. Representatives of 13 insular South Pacific
countries and territories and regional organisations attended this workshop.
It resulted in a review assessment of the previous plan, the drafting of new
priority actions and a new Pacific Action Plan for Wetlands for 2011–2013.
The new action plan represents an important step towards the conservation
of wetlands in the Pacific.
For more
n:
informatio
xy www.ramsar.org
Click on: Ramsar / Documents / Conferences of the Parties / COP11,
Bucharest, 2012 / Documents officiels / Réunions régionales organisées
avant la COP de Ramsar / Réunion régionale pour l'Océanie / Pacific
Regional Wetland Action Plan
Plaine des Lacs in New-Caledonia.
31
The financing of projects
in developing countries
As central operator of the French cooperation, the "Agence française de
développement (AFD)" committed itself to promote sustainable development
in developing countries through the financing of projects through grants
or loans. For the last 10 years, the funded projects concern biodiversity,
combining the conservation and the sustainable management of natural
ressources. Together with the "Fonds français pour l’environnement mondial
(FFEM)", a public bilateral fund focusing on environment it manages, AFD
implements pilot and exemplary projects on wetland restoration.
In China, AFD supports, for instance, the restoration of wetlands, making the
French expertise in the field of country planning and management of natural
resources available to Chinese partners.
For more
n:
informatio
xy Agence française de développement (AFD) : www.afd.fr
Click on: PROJETS / Environnement / Biodiversité / Stratégie
xy Fonds français pour l’environnement mondial (FFEM) : www.ffem.fr
Click on: PROJETS / Projets par secteur d'intervention / Biodiversité
Eurasian Spoonbill
(Platalea leucorodia)
on the Nasser lake in Egypt.
33
Synergies with the
AEWA agreement
The AEWA agreement aims at conserving migrating waterbirds of the
African-Eurasian region. Their conservation is strongly dependent of the
sustainable management of wetlands promoted by the Ramsar Convention.
In order to strengthen synergies between the implementation of these two
international agreements, France supports transversal projects focusing on
both wetland and migratory waterbird conservation. Two ongoing projects
particularly demonstrate this double objective. The first one is a training
project on wetland inventory and waterbird assessment, implemented by
the National Office for Hunting and Wildlife (ONCFS) in the Nile Valley. The
second has been designed to enhance the international system of bird
counting in the Mediterranean region. It involves the Ministry of Sustainable
Development, the National Office for Hunting and Wildlife, the Tour du Valat
research center and Wetlands International.
For more
n:
informatio
xy ONCFS : www.oncfs.gouv.fr
Click on: Découvrir les espèces et leurs habitats / Programmes de
recherches / Thématiques des études et recherches / Anatidés / Anatidés /
L’ONCFS en Afrique et le suivi des oiseaux d’eau migrateurs.
xy www.tourduvalat.org
xy www.wetlands.org
xy www.medwaterbirds.net
Great Crested Grebe
(Podiceps cristatus) feeding
a juvenil in the Dombes.
35
Education and awareness
A Communication and Education
plan on wetlands
The plan for Communication, Education, Awareness and Participation
(CEPA) on wetlands, launched in 2011 for a three-year period proposes
a strategy, the organisation of its management and an action plan. Its
management is organised at two levels: at the national level, management,
resource centre and national general public communication and at the
territorial level, professional and technical coordination and strengthening of
experience sharing.
The plan designates the French governmental and non-governmental
correspondents for CEPA activities. The governmental correspondent is the
Ministry of Sustainable Development. The non-governmental correspondent
is the Société nationale de protection de la nature, which has been in charge
of the publication for the last 20 years, with support of a group of experts,
the Zones Humides Info magazine.
A communication campaign to change opinion on water topics
Water agencies, ONEMA and the Ministry of Sustainable Development organised
a communication campaign in 2010 and 2011 on wetland restoration projects.
For more
n:
informatio
Click on: Agir / Plans et programmes / Plan national zones humides 2010-2012
xy www.lesagencesdeleau.fr
xy www.snpn.com
Click on: Nos revues et publications / Zones Humides Infos
Pontoon in the Small Alsacian
Camargue Nature Reserve in the
municipality of Saint-Louis.
37
Education and awareness
Environmental education.
The World Wetland Day
Since 2010, all the events organised in France for the World Wetland
Day are presented and available on the web portal on wetlands. This
information portal also presents these ecosystems and a panorama of their
functions, threats and current regulations dealing with them. It also provides
information on the various protection tools and competent authorities for
their conservation and sustainable management.
In France, the Technical transfer units for wetlands are local coordinators
for the promotion of the World Wetland Days events (pôles relais zones
humides). 280 events were organised for the World Wetland Days, and up
to 470 in 2012.
For more
n:
informatio
xy National web portal on wetlands:
Click on: Agir / Ramsar et la journée mondiale des
zones humides
xy Web page of Technical Transfer Units:
Click on: S’informer / Les Pôles-relais
Technical Transfer Units for wetlands
The Technical Transfer Units (pôles relais) for wetlands were created in 2001 to support local initiatives in favour of the sustainable
management of wetlands. The technical transfer units meet four main objectives: to disseminate knowledge, to promote conservation
or restoration techniques, to raise public awareness, to promote action.
Nature trail in the Camargue
gardoise close to the
Carbonnière tower, buit in the
14th century, in the surroundings
of Aigues-Mortes.
A survey on the public
perception of wetlands
In order to implement a Communication, Education, Participation and
Awareness (CEPA) System on wetlands, it is essential to understand how
different public groups perceive these ecosystems, especially when event
experts do not always agree on their definition. The study has allowed a
better understanding of the perception of wetlands by the people. More
precisely, the study has focused on:
xy public representation and perception of wetlands: definitions, uses and
evolution;
xy the promotion of administrative actions towards the conservation /
restoration of wetlands and the specific society expectations.
The study has demonstrated that the perception of wetlands was much
better than expected. A majority of the people interviewed is convinced of
their usefulness and more than two third are in favour of their conservation.
For more
n:
informatio
xy www.ladyss.com
39
Coordination: E. Thiry
Editor-in-Chief: O. Brosseau
Text contributors: J. Aubrat, N. Benessaiah, C. Bracht, P. Caessteker,
M. Cerles, S. Chadefaux, L. Chazée, M. Courouble, J. Devaux,
M. Duncombe, C. Genty, D. Goislot, Y. Hannachi, J. Jalbert, M. Métais,
K. Monod, L. Percheron, T. Petitguyot, E. Thiry, J. Trouvilliez, X. Jin
Translation: E. Thiry
Graphic works: SG/DICOM/DIE - S. Galland
Photo credits: Cover: M. Benmergui/ONCFS p. 2: A. Bouissou/METLMEDDE p. 3 (from top to bottom): A. Bouissou/METL-MEDDE, L. Mignaux/
METL-MEDDE, Atoloto Malau p. 6-7: Altimage p. 8-9: B. Canu/ PNR
Cotentin et Bessin p. 10-11 and 12-13: L. Mignaux/METL-MEDDE p. 1415: M. Heller/Conservatoire du littoral p. 16-17: Bruel Delmar p. 18-19:
SMBS-GLP - Les Editions Gaud p. 20-21: Witt/Cœur de nature/SIPA p. 22:
H. Rousseau p. 23: T. Degen/METL-MEDDE p. 24-25: T. P. Peschak/SOSF
p. 26-27: H. Hôte/Tour du Valat p. 28-29: L. Chazee/Tour du Valat p. 3031: M. Dosdane/Province Sud p. 32-33: M. Benmergui/ONCFS p. 34-35:
T. Degen/METL-MEDDE p. 36-37: Witt/Cœur de nature/SIPA p. 38: pôle
relais lagune p. 39: A. Bouissou/METL-MEDDE
Ref.: DICOM-DGALN/BRO/12007 - june 2012
Printing: SG/SPSSI/ATL2
Printed on paper certified with the European ecolabel www.ecolabel.com
Ministère de l’Écologie, du Développement
durable et de l'Énergie
Direction générale de l'Aménagement,
du Logement et de la Nature
Arche sud
92055 La Défense Cedex
Tél. 33 (0)1 40 81 21 22
www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr

Ramsar and wetland conservation in France

Transcription

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