Waste as good alternative fuel in combined heat and power production

Municipal Waste-to-Energy Solutions
Peter Liebscher
AB Fortum Värme samägt med Stockholms stad
1
Högdalen plant in the city of Stockholm
Public Private Partnership (PPP)
9Owned by Fortum 50 % and
the City of Stockholm 50 %
9Operated by Fortum
9Waste supply by City of Stockholm, private
contractors and private companies.
2
District Heating in the Stockholm area
Fortum business
Vallsta
Bristaverket
Vilunda
Rotebro
Högdalen WtE CHP
Järfälla
Akalla
Sollentuna
Hässelbyverket
Värtaverket
Solna
Lidingö
Hammarbyverket
Högdalenverket
Fittja
Farsta
HMC
Igelstaverket
Bollmora
Skogås
Drevviken
3
Högdalen plant history – investments & capacity
Year
Main investments
1970
Boilers 1 & 2
1980
1985
Boiler 3, Turbine 1
1998
Total waste
tons/a
Heat
MWh/a
Electricity
MWh/a
125 000
200 000
0
180 000
310 000
0
220 000
320 000
90 000
270 000
385 000
140 000
1999
Boiler 6, Turbine 6
560 000
850 000
400 000
2004
Boiler 4
770 000
1 100 000
410 000
4
Fuel composition
Municipal
waste, %
Industrial
waste, %
Paper
30 - 55
30 - 40
Plastic
7 - 11
3 -10
Food residue
20 - 30
Wood
1
30-50
Textile
3
1-6
Glass
7
Garden residue
4
Metals
3
Heat Value approx.
5
2,5 MWh/ton
Industrial waste
30 x 30 x 10 cm
3,3 MWh/ton
Emissions to air
Parameter
Restriction
Emissions 2009
NOx
45 [mg/MJ]
38 [mg/MJ]
NH3
5 [mg/MJ]
0,5 [mg/MJ]
S
15 [mg/MJ]
0,7 [mg/MJ]
Dust
10 [mg/nm3]
<1 [mg/nm3]
HCI
15 [mg/MJ]
1,4 [mg/MJ]
Hg
15 [µg/nm3dg]
0,3 [µg/nm3dg]
Hg+Cd
0,2 [mg/nm3dg]
0,0005 [mg/nm3dg]
Pb+Cr+Cu+Mn
5 [m g/nm3dg]
0,0029 [mg/nm3dg]
Dioxines
0,1 [ng/nm3dg]TCDD ekv.
0,01 [ng/nm3dg]TCDD ekv.
040527
6
Emissions to water (from flue gas condensor)
Parameter
Restriction
Drinking water
Monthly target value
Typical values
Suspension, mg/l
10
NH4, mg/l
15
Cd, µg/l
0,1
Co, µg/l
10
Cr, µg/l
10
50
Cu, µg/l
100
200
Hg, µg/l
0,5
1
Ni, µg/l
10
20
Pb, µg/l
10
10
Zn, µg/l
50
pH
7
6,5-11
5
New WtE CHP in Northern Stockholm area
Investment 170 MEUR
240 000 tons/a
60 MW heat, 20 MW electricity
Commissioning October 2013
8
District Heating in the Stockholm area
Fortum business
Vallsta
Bristaverket
Vilunda
Brista WtE CHP
Rotebro
Järfälla
Akalla
Sollentuna
Hässelbyverket
Värtaverket
Solna
Högdalen WtE CHP
Lidingö
Hammarbyverket
Högdalenverket
Fittja
Farsta
HMC
Igelstaverket
Bollmora
Skogås
Drevviken
9
New WtE CHP in Klaipeda, Lithuania
Investment 123 MEUR
260 000 tons/a
55 MW heat, 23 MW electricity
Commissioning November 2012
10
WtE in Klaipeda
• Since 2007, Fortum owns 20% of shares in Klaipedos Energija, the
heating company in the Lithuanian city Klaipeda (population 190.000)
• The heating company owns old gas-fired CHP plant and the need for
new investment is large
• Together with Klaipedos Energija, Fortum has set up new company with
Fortum as 90% owner. In February 2010, Fortum approved the
investment in new waste-to-energy fired CHP plant.
• The plant is the first waste-to-energy CHP plant in the Baltic states and
represents an important step in Fortums CHP and waste-to energy
strategy, demonstrating Fortum ability to create value-add and real
business opportunities in this sector
11
Ideas to be implemented also in Poland
• The two new WtE CHP plants in Stockholm and Klaipeda are
good examples of technical design and shared ownership
(Public Private Partnership).
–
–
–
–
250 000 tons/a = optimum economy of scale
Increased steam data (60 bar/420 C) means high ratio of electricity
Using flue gas condensation gives an extra 20 % of heat.
Access to base load of heat in existing district heating net is a basic
condition for profitable investment.
– Public Private Partnership Î shared commitment, risks and revenues.
• Two major concerns in Poland
– Legislation concerning ownership of collected waste
– Regulation of heat price (= ROI)
12