can be seen here - Wireless Estimator

Structural Standards for Installation, Alteration
and Maintenance of Communication Towers,
Antennas and Antenna Supporting Structures
ANSI/TIA-1019 “DRAFT”
Ernie Jones, PE
Electronic Research, Inc.
Don Doty
Stainless, LLC
www.stainlessllc.com
NAB
2009
History

ASCE 37-02 Design Loads on Structures During
Construction
Approved in 2002

TIA-1019 Gin Pole Standard was approved January 9,
2004.

TIA-222-G



Revision of TIA/EIA-222-F
Standard for design of communication structures – Aug.
2005
TIA-1019-Construction Standard “Fall of 2009”

Includes the Gin Pole Standard
Construction Mishaps
Industry Construction Standard Benefits to the Tower Owner 
Prevent Accidents





Saves Lives
Reduces Liabilities
Reduces Delays in Project Completion
Prevent Undetected Structure Damage
Reduce Construction Costs by Providing
Safe Engineering Procedures and
Guidelines Without Over-Designing
Tower Erection & Safety





Hire a qualified contractor
Request certificates of all insurance
coverage’s
Safety must be required in contract
documents
Check references
Ask questions
Three Phases
"in it's simplest form, new towers can be
separated into three phases:
Concept
Design
Construction
Guyed Towers





Tall towers require special rigging
Number of available crews
Rigging Plans
Check your policy
Planning is essential
Large Self-Supporting Tower





Self-supporting tower have unique
challenges
RF Safety
Communications
Coordination
Staging
Scope and Objective

Consider construction equipment loading effects
on a structure being erected or modified.






Cranes
Gin Poles
Lifting Blocks
Attached Rigging
Accurate prediction of weather related loading
during construction duration period.
Providing an engineered approach to complete
work safely throughout the entire construction
process.
Table of Contents













1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
General
Construction Considerations
Gin Pole Operation and Use
Loads on Structure During Construction
Gin Pole Analysis and Design
Gin Pole Construction
Annex A
Annex B
Annex C
Annex D
Annex E
Annex F
Annex G
Procurement and User Guidelines
Gin Pole Engineering Design
Evaluation of Existing Gin Poles
Rigging Plans
Wire Rope End Connections
Evaluation of a Communication Tower Site
Referenced Standards
Construction Safety & Efficiency Comes from
“Proper Preplanning” With Rigging Plans
Class
Minimum Level
of
Responsibility
Definitions
I
Removal or addition of antennas, mounts, platforms,
etc. that are light in comparison to the overall
supporting structure and do not require the use of a gin
pole or a gin pole not rated higher than Class A.
II
Rigging plans
methods.
III
Custom or infrequent installation methods, removal of
structural members, special engineered lifts, and
unique situations
utilizing
pre-approved
installation
Competent Rigger
Qualified Person
Qualified Person
with Qualified
Engineer
Definitions



Competent Rigger: a person knowledgeable and experienced
with the procedures and equipment common to the
Communication Structures Industry, and trained to identify
hazards with authorization to take prompt corrective measures.
Qualified Person: a person knowledgeable, experienced,
trained and capable of developing rigging plans and that has
successfully demonstrated the ability to solve, resolve and
coordinate construction related to the Communication Structures
Industry.
Qualified Engineer: a professional engineer knowledgeable and
experienced in the Communication Structures Industry.
Base Rigging






Rigging Plan
Licensed Engineer
WLL
Signage
Barricades
Site Safety
Operational and Non-Operational Conditions


Operational
 Loading conditions of a structure during the actual
lifting sequence.
 Typically governs the strength requirements for
lifting devices and their associated rigging.
(gin pole and attached rigging equipment loads)
Non-Operational
 Loads on a structure when lifting in not performed.
 Typically govern the strength requirements for the
structure under construction.
(wind load conditions based on construction
duration factor)
Operational and Non-Operational Conditions
“Operational” Condition – During Construction Procedures
A Uniform effective 30 mph 3-sec gust wind speed used during lifts
“Non-Operational” Condition – Weather Related Conditions
Winds from 45 mph to 90 mph based on the construction duration period.
Non-Operational
Operational
30
mph
Wind
45 to 90
mph Wind
All lifts within parameters of Gin Pole Charts, or Crane Charts,
approved by an Engineer or Equipment Manufacturer
Vertical and Tilted Gin Poles
Covered in Standard
Vertical Gin Pole
Tilted Gin Pole
Load Tests
For Checking Entire Rigging System
(Operational Conditions)



Load test to 1.5 times
the anticipated load.
If slip resistance is
counted on for restraint
a load test is required.
Load Test Weight
Required for hoist if
anchor calculations are
not possible, or reliable.
Hoist
Lifting Existing Loads from Structures



Weight verification necessary for load testing.
Use of a load measuring device
Unless the load weight is confirmed by accurate
documentation or by calculation, the weight shall
be field verified prior to making the lift.
Hoist Anchorage May Require Load Testing
Load Line
Hoist On Trailer Anchored with Vehicle (Will Require Load Testing)
Load Line
Hoist Anchored to a Dead-Man Anchor
Load Line
Hoist Anchored to a Foundation Top
Non-Operational Duration Wind
“Wind Loads During Construction Period”
Construction Period
Continuous work period -
Minimum Factor
0.50 (0.5 x 90 mph = 45 mph)
Less than 24 hours
(overnight conditions)
-
0.60
(54 mph)
24 hours to 1 week
-
0.67
(60 mph)
1 week to 6 weeks-
-
0.75
(67.5 mph)
6 weeks to 6 months
-
0.80
(72.0 mph)
Greater than 6 months -
1.00
(90 mph)
[Wind Speeds are 3-Second Peak Gust]
Guy Slippage Parameters Provided



Unequal forces on the structure shall be
considered due the potential of connection
slippage!
Can the structure withstand the unequal
load?
Temporary guy wires may be required
Slippage Im = 1.3
Release Im = 2.0
Non-Slip End Connections

End Connections that when properly installed have
not had a history of slippage problems
Preformed End
Swage End
Turn Back End
Wedge Socket End
Slippage Connections Defined


When frictional clamping devices are used that may slip
during construction, the forces on the structure due to
potential effects from slippage or cable release must
be considered.
The structure shall be analyzed for this potential
slippage.
Temporary Backup System

The backup system shall be of non-slip wire rope termination
arranged to limit slippage to ½ face width of tower, but not
less than 12 inches or more than 36 inches.
Chicago Grip
Tension Meter
Come-Along
Guy Anchor
Attached Preform
Turnbuckle to be Attached
Cable Clamped Backup
Special Engineering Lift
1.
Any lift to be allowed on a special basis, which is outside of the
standard “Load Chart”, shall only be allowed at the direction of a
qualified engineer.
2.
Construction Lifting in higher than 30 mph winds
3.
Special monitoring and measuring conditions, as specified by the
engineer, shall be provided and used in the field during all
“Special Engineered Lifts”.
Monitoring Gin Pole Tip Deflection During a Lift
“Thru a Transit”
Capstan Hoist & Use of Synthetic Rope



Factor of Safety for Rope at 10 to 1. (to account for knots)
The lifted load shall not exceed the hoist rated capacity.
1.5 times lift weight load test required – this will usually
limit loads lifted with capstans to 600 lbs. or less!
Capstan Load Test: Requires Load Test of 150% of Lifted Load
Top Block
Locate Top Block at Panel Point
Test Wt.
Hand Tag Line
Load Test at
600 Lbs
Capstan on Truck
What Owners Need To Know!




1. This industry construction standard will be available in the
near future.
2. It will be a basis to allow construction workers and engineers
provide safe construction procedures without being overly
conservative due to the lack of readily available, or properly
understood, guidelines.
3. In the event it is required for construction projects it should
lessen the liabilities of all parties participating in its proper use.
4. When properly used it will prevent future construction
accidents and structure collapses!
NATE Checklist for Evaluating
Qualified Contractors
Contractor Qualifications, RFP,
Comparison Form




Hire a qualified contractor
Check their references
Certificate of insurance
Rigging Plan
MULTI-EMPLOYER ISSUES
Potential civil and criminal liability
• Amendments currently being aggressively pursued
in Washington will enhance criminality (for
amputations, disfiguring injuries , permanent loss of
brain function) as well as to make a conviction go
from:
•
Current:
•
6 mos imprisonment
•Fine of $500K against the employer
•Fine of $25K against the manager
•
To a felony
•
Minimum of one year imprisonment
•No limitations on the fines
•
Thank You!
T I A Standards & Technology Department
2500 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 300
Arlington, VA 22201 USA
1-703-907-7700
Global Engineering Documents
15 Inverness Way East
Englewood, CO 80112-5704
1-800-854-7179