kiTxvis dro

kiTxvis dro
sabavSvo gazeTi, III-IV klasi, N4
marti, 2015
dedamiwis uzarmazari dinozavri
axali aRmoCena argentinaSi
simaRle – 9 metri, sxeulis sigrZe – 26
metri, wona – cxra spiloze meti... Seni
azriT, ra SeiZleba iyos es? ra Tqma unda,
uzarmazari dinozavri. is argentinaSi aRmoaCines da saxelad drednoTi Searqves,
rac `uSiSars~ niSnavs.
es giganturi dinozavri 75 milioni wlis
win binadrobda dedamiwaze. fiqroben, rom is
xmeleTis erT-erTi udidesi cxovelia, romelsac odesme ucxovria Cvens planetaze.
dRes xmeleTis yvelaze didi cxoveli
afrikuli spiloa. is daaxloebiT 7 tonas
iwonis. zogadad, dedamiwis cxovelebidan
ki yvelaze didi lurji veSapia. misi sxeulis masa daaxloebiT 150 tonas udris,
sxeulis sigrZe 33 metria.
`drednoTi uzarmazari iyo da mis garemoSi albaT araferi iqneboda iseTi, rac
Tavs daesxmoda. masze Tavdasxma praqtikulad SeuZlebeli iyo,~ – wers dinozavris aRmomCeni keneT lakovara. swored
amitom daarqva man dinozavrs `uSiSari~.
kidev imitom, rom me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi swored es saxeli erqva erT-erT uZli­
eres samxedro xomalds.
drednoTi titanozavrTa ojaxs mie­
kuTvneba. am ojaxis warmomadgenlebs
hqondaT grZeli kiseri, Zlieri kudi, patara Tavi da maRali, msxvili fexebi. titanozavrebis ojaxis erT-erTi wevria
braqiozavric, romelic 34000 kilograms
iwonida. Tumca, axalaRmoCenil drednoTTan SedarebiT, es gigantic ki cerodenad
moCans. drednoTi balaxismWameli dinozavri iyo. balaxismWamelebi mtacebleb-
Tan SedarebiT zantad moZraobdnen. magram
isini bevrad ufro didi zomis iyvnen, vidre
xorcismWameli dinozavrebi. balaxismWamelebs ar hqondaT didi da basri kbilebi.
maTi mTavari TavdacviTi saSualeba sxeulis zoma da Zlieri kudi iyo.
dreqselis universitetis paleontologma, doqtorma keneT lakovaram dinozavris axali saxeoba jer kidev 2005 wels
aRmoaCina. is cxra weli muSaobda sakuTar
aRmoCenaze. 2014 wlis seqtemberSi ki gamoaqveyna kvleva drednoTis Sesaxeb.
paleontologi – mecnieri, romelic ik­
vlevs namarxebs.
Tavdapirvelad dinozavris ConCxi
mcire nawilebis saxiT aRmoaCines niadagis qveS. am droisaTvis napovnia 200-ze
meti Zvali. es Zvlebis mTeli raodenobis
daaxloebiT 2/3-s Seadgens. jerjerobiT
drednoTis Tavis qala napovni ar aris.
mecnierebma nawilebi aawyves da Seqmnes
ConCxis miaxloebiTi modeli. Segrovili
masalis gamoyenebiT da kompiuteris daxmarebiT maT aRadgines suraTi, Tu rogor
gamoiyureboda da moZraobda es giganti.
gagrZeleba me-2 gv.
2
marti, 2015
pirveli gverdidan
Seqmnes Zvlebis ufro zusti aslebic. sabolood daadgines, rom drednoTs Zalian
grZeli kiseri da mZlavri, 9-metriani
kudi hqonda. is daaxloebiT 65 tonas iwonida. es aRmoCenebi momavalSi daexmareba
mecnierebs didi preistoriuli cxovelebis SeswavlaSi.
saxaliso davaleba
daakvirdi sqemas da ujrian rveulSi Seadgine diagrama masze gamosaxuli sxeulebis
masis mixedviT.
mecnierTa jgufi drednoTis naxev­
rad aRdgenil namarx ZvlebTan
mecnierTa azriT, aRmoCenili giganturi dinozavri sikvdilis momentSi mozar-
di iyo. misi Zvlebi zrdas kidev ganagrZobda. drednoTi raRac didi katastrofis Sedegad daiRupa. aravin icis, ramxela
iqneboda is, roca gaizrdeboda. Tumca,
mozardic ki dedamiwaze aRmoCenil cxovelebs Soris jerjerobiT udidesia.
saxaliso davaleba: gaxdi mecnier-paleontologi
yuradRebiT daakvirdi qvemoT mocemul dinozavrebis ConCxebs. SearCie maTgan erT-erTi.
warmoidgine, rom cnobili paleontologi xar da ConCxis mixedviT unda aRadgino, rogor
gamoiyureboda dinozavri sicocxleSi. daxate (an gamoZerwe) Sen mier aRdgenili modeli da
miuwere:
• rogor garemoSi cxovrobs?
• rogoria misi sxeulis zomebi (simaRle, sigrZe, masa...)?
• riT ikvebeba?
Semdeg SegiZlia wignSi an internetSi moiZio informacia Sen mier arCeul ConCxze an moZebno
misi aRdgenili varianti da Seadaro sakuTar namuSevars.
warmatebas gisurveb!
kiTxvis dro
marti, 2015
s axal i so maTemati ka
gamravlebas, rogorc maTematikur moqmedebas, erTi saocari Tviseba aqvs: Tu raime
ricxvs ramdenjerme zedized erTsa da imave ricxvze gaamravleb, miRebuli Sedegebi
warmoudgeneli siswrafiT gaizrdeba. magaliTad: 2x2=4, 4x2=8, 8x2=16, 16x2=32, 32x2=64,
64x2=128, 128x2=256 da a. S. gamravlebis es
Tviseba kargad ician maTematikis moyvarulebma. rogorc Zveli induri legenda mogviTxrobs, gamravlebis es saidumlo scodnia Wadrakis gamomgonebelsac jer kidev IV
saukuneSi. am wesis arcodnam ki Turme kinaRam gaaRariba erTi indoeli xelmwife...
legenda
indoeTSi cxovrobda erTi Zalian Wkviani kaci, saxelad sini. didi fiqrisa da Sromis Semdeg man gamoigona Wadrakis winapari
saintereso TamaSi – Caturanga. is Zalian
hgavda Wadraks, Tumca gansxvavdeboda kidec misgan. mas oris nacvlad oTxi moTamaSe TamaSobda, svlebs ki kamaTlis gagorebis
mixedviT akeTebdnen.
sinma Tavisi gamogoneba xelmwifes miarTva. xelmwifes Zalian moewona axali TamaSi,
gansakuTrebiT ki masSi Caqsovili brZolis
sibrZne.
– riT dagasaCuqro aseTi kargi TamaSis
gamogonebisaTvis? – hkiTxa man sins.
sini cota xans Cafiqrda.
– minda, imdeni xorblis
marcvali momceT, ramdenic momiwevs, Tu Wadrakis dafis pirvel ujraze
mefe
erT marcvals dadeben,
meoreze – ors, mesameze
– oTxs, me­
oTxeze – rvas,
lazieri mexuTeze – Teqvsmets,
meeqvseze – ocdaTormets
da a. S. yovel momdevno
etli
ujraze gaaormageben wina
ujris marcvlebis raodenobas. – Tqva bolos Tamaku
Sis gamomgonebelma.
xelmwifes gaecina.
– ki, magram, es Zalian
mxedari
mcire jildo ar aris aseTi TamaSis SemqmnelisTvis? – ikiTxa man.
paiki
– me meti araferi min-
3
da, – mSvidad miugo sinma.
xelmwifem brZana, daeTvalaT da miecaT sinisTvis kuTvnili xorbali. albaT verc warmoidgen, sabolood ramdeni gamovida! msaxurebi didxans iTvlidnen da bolos Tqves, rom
Wadrakze
sins ekuTvnoda 18.446.744.073.709.551.615 cali
marcvali (es uzarmazari ricxvi ase ikiTxeba:
Tvrameti kvadrilion oTxas ormocdaeqvsi
trilion Svidas ormocdaoTxi bilion samocdacameti miliard Svidas cxra milion xuTas
ormocdaTerTmeti aTas eqvsas TxuTmeti).
msaxurebma moaxsenes xelmwifes, rom amden marcvals gadasazidad aTi aTasi uReli
xar-kameCic ar eyofoda...
aravin icis, sabolood rogor daajildoes TamaSis Semqmneli. amaze legenda dums.
rogorc vTqviT, indoeTSi mogonil TamaSs Caturanga erqva. Semdeg is sparseTSic
gavrcelda Catrangis saxelwodebiT. male
sparseTi arabebma daipyres da axal TamaSs
Satranji uwodes. arabebma maSin mTeli axlo
aRmosavleTi, CrdiloeT afrika da espaneTic
ki aiRes. arabebis mier Setanili Santranji
yvelgan gavrcelda. XI saukuneSi TamaSi evropelebmac iswavles. XI-XII saukuneebSi Wadraki
evropaSi iseTi popularuli iyo, rom mas raindebsac aswavlidnen. saqarTveloSi Wadraki,
savaraudod, indoelma vaWrebma an sparselebma Semoitanes. yovel SemTxvevaSi, igi CvenTan
arabebis mosvlamde iyo cnobili.
Wadraki Zalian saintereso TamaSia. mas
ori adamiani TamaSobs `TeTri~ da `Savi~ figurebiT specialur dafaze. dafa kvadratis
formisaa da muqi da Ria feris 64 ujra aqvs.
TiToeul moTamaSes 16 figura hyavs: mefe,
lazieri, 2 etli, 2 mxedari, 2 ku da 8 paiki.
partia wagebulad maSin iTvleba, rodesac
erT-erTi moTamaSis mefe svlas veRar gaakeTebs da `tyved Cauvardeba~ mowinaaRmdeges.
kiTxvis dro
4
marti, 2015
leqsi
re da oCodal
t
n
i
p
o
i
oC
mariam wiklauri
iyo da ara iyo ra,
tyeSi cxovrobda biWi.
tyeSi xarobda wifela,
Tela, muxa da fiWvi.
– kidev? – zRmartli da kuneli.
– kidev? – cxovrobda Txunela.
– kidev? – xoxobi, kakabi,
tyes arsad aCnda nakafi.
is biWi nadirs mwyemsavda,
daudioda jogi.
erTi dac hyavda – tyis gogo,
fxizeli, rogorc Woti.
– ra erqvaT?
– das – oCodali,
Zmas kidev – oCopintre!
monadireebs afrTxobdnen,
borotebsa da finTebs.
magram Cvens pintre biWunas
Zili uyvarda Zlier,
Tu erTs CaTvlemda xis Ziras,
eZina mTeli kvira.
im borot monadireebs
am dros swyalobdaT bedi:
xan cxovels klavdnen,
xan – frinvels,
raRa undodaT meti?!
gogo ki mudam fxizlobda,
qarebs atanda isars,
rom monadiris nasroli
ar moxvedroda mizans.
oCopintres da oCodals,
nadirT jogebis mwyemsebs,
arc gripi emarTebodaT,
ar ukeTebdnen nemsebs.
– arc zRaprebs ar uyvebodnen?
– ar dadiodnen cirkSi?
– geyoT, daxuWeT Tvali da
Tavadve hkiTxeT ZilSi.
kiTxvis dro
GAam furcliT SegiZlia wigni gaakeTo, Tanac Zalian swrafad. amisaTvis furceli gazeTidan unda amoxio da wyvetil xazze Suaze gakeco.
davs. motyuebuli mwerebi lorwovan qsels ewebebian, manaTobeli Wiayelebi ki maT gemrielad Seeqcevian.
msoflioSi yvelaze lamazi mRvime
msoflios yvelaze lamaz gamoqvabulad leCugia iTvleba. is amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi mdebareobs. leCugia
erT-erTi yvelaze didi, Rrma da farTo
mRvimea dedamiwaze. magram mTavari es
ar aris. mRvimis kedlebi dafarulia TabaSiris umciresi
nawilakebisagan Semdgari kristalebiT, rac ulamazes ornamentebs qmnis. isini kilometrebzea gadaWimuli. msof­
lios speleologebma leCugia erTxmad aRiares planetis
yvelaze lamaz mRvimed.
yvelaze yinulovani
isrisenvelTis (Eisriesenwelt) mRvime
msoflioSi yvelaze did yinulis mRvimed iTvleba. misi gvirabebi da darbazebi gadaWimulia 42 km-ze. gayinuli Can­
Cqerebi, nakadulebi, mdinareebi, stalaqtitebi da stalagmitebi saocar sanaxaobas qmnis. yinulovani mRvimis daTvaliereba mxolod janmrTel da Zlier
adamianebs SeuZliaT. bavSvebs da moxucebs ki iq ar uSveben
moyinuli da sriala zedapiris gamo.
patara yinulis mRvime saqarTveloSic aris, raWaSi. mas sa­
yinules eZaxian. sayinuleSi haeris temperatura mTeli wlis
ganmavlobaSi 00C-ze dabalia.
Tu mRvimeebiT dainteresdi da maTi daTvaliereba moginda, SegiZlia promeTes mRvimes estumro. mas meorenairad
yumisTavis mRvimes uwodeben. mdebareobs saqarTveloSi,
wyaltubos raionis sofel yumisTavSi. dReisaTvis promeTes mRvimeSi aRmoCenilia 17 darbazi. aq naxav lamaz stalaq­
titebs, stalagmitebs, stalagnatebs, gaqvavebul CanCqerebsa da dakidul qvis fardebs, miwisqveSa mdinareebs, miwisqveSa tbebs... SeZleb, gaiseirno naviT, iaro safexmavlo
bilikebiT, mousmino sasiamovno musikas, naxo lazer-Sou
da datkbe ulamazesi xedebiT.
saintereso mogzaurobas gisurveb!
mRvimeebi
da ufskrulebi
kiTxvis dro
yvelaze didi kristalebi
kristalebis gamoqvabuli meqsikaSi mdebareobs. aq msof­
lioSi yvelaze didi kristalebia. zogi kristali sigrZiT 11 met­
ri, xolo siganiT 4 metria da 55 tonas iwonis. saocari ki is aris, rom mecnierebma mis
Sesaxeb 2000 wlamde araferi icodnen. mRvi­mis
bunebrivi temperatura +440C-s udris. amitom
specialuri aRWurvilobis gareSe iq gaCereba
10 wuTze metxans SeuZlebelia.
manaTobeli Wiayelebis gamoqvabuli
manaTobeli Wiayelebis gamoqvabuli axal
zelandiaSia. mRvimis kedlebze lorwovani
Wiayelebi cxovroben. isini erTgvar qsels
qsoven, romelSic manaTobeli qimiuri reaqcia
mimdinareobs. ganaTebuli qseli mwerebs izi-
yvelaze Rrma
zogi mRvime cicabod eSveba miwis siRrmeSi da ufskruls warmoqmnis. icodi, msoflioSi yvelaze Rrma ufskruli saqarTveloSi rom aris? mas kruberis mRvime (Krubera Cave) hqvia. meorenairad yvavis gamoqvabulsac uwodeben. afxazeTSia, gagrasTan
axlos, mTebSi. am droisTvis misi siRrme 2191 metria. Tumca
yvelaze lamazad moxatuli
altamiras gamoqvabuli espaneTSia. misi kedlebi da Weri Savi,
wiTeli, yviTeli saRebavebiT aris moxatuli. naxatebze asaxulia
bizonebze, taxebze, irmebze da cxenebze nadirobis scenebi.
is 1875 wels sruliad SemTxveviT aRmoaCines bavSvebma, romlebic iqve TamaSobdnen. es ambavi male mTel
msoflios moedo. gamoqvabulis dasaTvaliereblad Zalian bevri mnaxveli mivida. TviT
espaneTis mefec ki mibrZanda iq. gavida ramdenime weli da arqeologebma espaneTsa da
safrangeTSi kidev bevr aseT mRvimes miagnes.
Tumca, altamiras gamoqvabulis mxatvroba
maT Soris yvelaze lamazia.
es monacemi SeiZleba kidev Seicvalos. kruberis gamoqvabuli
msof­lioSi erTaderTia, romlis siRrmec 2000 metrs aRemateba.
msoflios yvelaze Rrma ufskrulis tituli mas 2001 wels mianiWes, roca ukrainelma speleologebma 1710 metris siRrmemde
CaaRwies. manamde yvelaze Rrmad iTvleboda lamprexStofenis
mRvime (Lamprechtsofen, avstria, 1652 metri).
kruberis gamoqvabulSi iRebs saTaves msof­ speleologi –
lioSi yvelaze patara mdinare reprua. misi mecnieri, romelic
sigrZe saTavidan SesarTavamde sul 18 metria. ikvlevs mRvimeebs.
dadixar. mogzaurob. miwaze myarad abijeb... am dros, swored
Sen qvemoT, dedamiwis siRrmeSi, SeiZleba uzarmazari mRvimea.
masSi ki miwisqveSa tbebia da CanCqerebi. miwisqveSa mdinareebi
miedineba. iq binadroben iseTi ucnauri arsebebi, romlebsac dedamiwis zedapirze versad Sexvdebi.
aseT mRvimeebSi Casvla miwis zedapirze arsebuli xvrelebiT
SeiZleba. xvrelebi xSirad mcire zomisaa. zogjer ki Zalian didia da advilad SesamCnevi. mRvimes xSirad mtknari wyali qmnis. is
dedamiwis qerqSi arsebul napralebSi Caedineba. niadags recxavs
da kidev ufro afarToebs naprals. es procesi aTasobiT wels
grZeldeba.
saqarTveloSi 1500-mde mRvimea. maTi umetesoba dasavleTSia.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi ki gvxvdeba Trusos xeobaSi, mdinare
qsnis saTavesTan, gomboris qedze. mRvimeebis didi nawili ukve
aRmoCenili da Seswavlilia. Tumca, SeiZleba momavalSic aRmoCndes dRemde ucnobi mRvime.
albaT ginaxavs gamoqvabulis fotoebi, sadac
yinulis loluebis msgavsi uzarmazari svetebia. es stalaqtitebia an stalagmitebi. mRvimis Weridan dakidebul loluebs stalaqtitebi
ewodeba. xolo, miwidan amozrdils – stalagmitebi. zogjer stalaqtiti da stalagmiti erTdeba da qmnis stalagnats, `mRvimis boZs~.
mRvimeSi mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi erTi
da igive temperaturaa. iq mudmivad bnela.
amitom miwisqveSeTis binadar Tevzebsa da
kiborCxalebs Tvalebi ar aqvT. arc sWirdebaT. mRvimeebSi xSirad Ramurebis kolomRvimis binadari
niebic cxovroben. uZveles droSi gamoqvauTvalo salamandra. bulebs adamianebic afarebdnen Tavs. axla
mRvimeSi aRaravin cxovrobs.
yvela mRvime Taviseburad lamazia da ganumeorebeli, magram
maT Soris gamorCeulebic arsebobs. ai, ramdenime maTgani:
marti, 2015
cn o b i li personaJebi
7
vini puhis saxaliso da sasargeblo rCevebi
vin aris yvelaze sayvareli da xalisiani daTvi? ra Tqma unda vini puhi. is gvarTobs da
gvaxalisebs. Tu daakvirdebi, naxav, rom zogjer cota gulubryvilod da suleluradac ki
iqceva. magram misi Tavgadasavlebi xSirad raRac mniSvnelovans gvaswavlis. vini puhi saintereso da sasargeblo rCevebs gvaZlevs, Tu
rogor vicxovroT, ra gavakeToT, ras moveridoT... misi sibrZne TiTqmis yvelafers swvdeba
da didi, uRrani tyeebidan pirdapir Cvens gulebSi gadmodis.
maS, ase. modi, vnaxoT ramdenime rCeva, rom­
lebsac es sayvareli da xalisiani daTvi gvTavazobs:
rCeva 1. ivarjiSe yovel diliT.
xelebi – maRla, xelebi –
dabla, Seexe iataks... Tu es
ar SegiZlia, jer wvivebs Seexe. nel-nela iataksac miswvdebi. varjiSi Zalian sasargebloa. is karg xasiaTze dagayenebs. Sens sxe­
ul­Si sisxli amoZravdeba, daZabuloba mogex­
sneba, RamiT ki kargad dageZineba. varjiSis
Semdeg Taflic gacilebiT ufro gemrielia.
rCeva 2. ra saqmeebiTac ar unda iyo dakavebuli, ar dagaviwydes fiqrisTvis drois
gamonaxva.
megobrebTan erTad TamaSi da Tavgadasavlebi mar­
Tlac Zalian kargia. magram
dafiqrebas didi Zala aqvs.
Tu fiqrs mieCvevi, ufro gonivrul gadawyvetilebebs miiReb, problemebs
advilad moerevi da sworad icxovreb.
rCeva 3. cxovreba sakvirvelia. ubralod
ki ar unda elodo moulodnels, mzad unda
iyo mis misaRebad.
moqniloba oqros gasaRebia. Seecade, yvelanairi SemTxveva Sens sasargeblod gamoiyeno. bolos da bolos,
nebismieri
gamocdileba
mni­S­­v­nelovania, radgan igi
yovelTvis raRacas gaswavlis.
rCeva 4. rogorc ki SeZleb, cota wauZine.
Tu ginda, yvelaferi kargad gaakeTo, bevri
energia unda daxarjo.
magram daxarjul energias aRdgena unda. saamisod
ki Zili saukeTeso saSualebaa. amave dros, roca gZinavs,
Seni goneba amuSavebs da imaxsovrebs dRis ganmavlobaSi miRebul informa-
cias. Tu Zili dagakldeba, es Sens mexsierebaze
cudad imoqmedebs, aforiaqebuli iqnebi da
swor gadawyvetilebebsac ver miiReb.
rCeva 5. cxovreba Tavisi gziT midis. zogjer yvelaze kargi isaa, rom Rrmad CaisunTqo, mere amoisunTqo da mSvidad gaagrZelo
cxovreba.
nu idardeb da iwuwuneb
imaze, rasac verafers mouxerxeb. amis nacvlad yuradReba
gaamaxvile iseT raRacaze, rac
Sens xelSia. risi Secvlac,
raze zemoqmedebac SegiZlia.
rCeva 6. dauTme dro bunebis Seswavlas da
masTan urTierTobas.
buneba saukeTeso maswavlebelia. masze dakvirvebiT
uamrav saintereso rames gaigeb. bolos da bolos, Taf­
lic xom unda gaCndes saidanRac?
rCeva 7. upirobod Seiyvare yvela. yvela arsebas gauRe guli da agrZnobine, rom is saWiroa.
vin icis, ramdenad sWirdebaT maT Seni mxardaWera?
xSirad ubralo Tanadgomasac ki gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs.
rCeva 8. roca eWvebi mosvenebas ar gaZlevs,
kargad isadile.
sadili saukeTeso ramea.
is namdvili siamovnebaa, romelic stress xsnis da gan­
wyobas aumjobesebs.
rCeva 9. aqtiurad icxovre da ar modunde.
cxovreba zogjer stresiT aris savse. mag­
ram Tu Sen ukeTesi momavlis imedi gaqvs da
problemebs cota uzrunvelad uyureb, ukeTesia. arasodes moeSva! gjerodes, grZeli dRis
bolos sadme aucileblad Tafli gelodeba.
rCeva 10. nurasodes daiviwyeb megobrebs.
gaxsovdes, cxovrebaSi maTze ukeTesi, maTze
Zvirfasi arc araferi gaqvs.
ai, es aris vini puhis
ramdenime saintereso da
saxaliso rCeva.
romelia maTgan SenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani? ratom?
Senc xom ar gaqvs Seni
sakuTari wesi, sasargeblo rCeva, romelic
aq ar weria da romelsac sxvas siamovnebiT
gauziareb?
kiTxvis dro
8
vam zadeb T sasargeblo ni vTs
yvavilebis vaza
marti, 2015
saWiro masala da xelsawyoebi:
xis xmeli totebi
Tunuqis kolofi/konservis
carieli qila – 1 cali
msxvili selis Toki – 3 metri
jvalos qsovili
webo `emulsia~ – 1 kolofi
makrateli
xelis xerxi
moaWeri mas daaxloebiT erTi metri.
Toki Semoaxvie joxs da mWidrod ganaskve. mere meore joxi daamagre da
ase gaagrZele, vidre kolofis garSemowerilobis toli `meseri~ ar gamogiva. Semdeg aseve daamagre joxebis meore boloebic.
momzadebis procesi:
pirveli safexuri
ezoSi an tyeSi Seagrove Cveulebrivi xis xmeli totebi. isini unda
iyos arc Zalian msxvili, arc Zalian wvrili
da, rac mTavaria, arc
Zalian xmeli.
meore safexuri
gazome Tunuqis yuTis simaRle da Caiwere furcelze. Semdeg patara xerxiT
totebi daWeri Tanabari zomis joxebad, rogorc es fotozea naCvenebi. Tu
xerxi ar gaqvs, SegiZlia, totebi xeliTac gadatexo. SeiZleba, joxebi odnav
gansxvavebuli zomis
gamovides,
magram
amas ara uSavs. rac
mTavaria, isini Tunuqis yuTze odnav maRali unda iyos.
mesame safexuri
gazome konservis qilis garSemoweriloba da Caiwere. Semdeg aiRe Toki.
meoTxe safexuri
jvalos qsovilisgan gamoWeri iseTi zomis naWeri, rom konservis qilas
garSemo Semoswvdes. qilas wausvi webo
`emulsia~. Semoaxvie qsovilis naWeri da
xeliT kargad daamagre, rom daewebos.
Semdeg cota xans dadgi gasaSrobad.
mexuTe safexuri
rodesac webo SeSreba, qilas qsovilis
zemodan Semoakari joxebis `meseri~ da
mWidrod daamagre darCenili TokiT.
Tokis boloebiT Sekari bafTa da vaza
kidev ufro lamazi gamova. SegiZlia,
Sig Caawyo xmeli yvavilebi, an Caasxa wyali da Cado cocxali yvavilebis Taiguli, an, sulac,
Cayaro miwa da
Cargo oTaxis
mcenare.
warmatebas gisurveb!
kiTxvis dro