LSU Iceland 2010

Speciality Engines
How to exploit:
IFL
zIIP
zAAP
LSU Iceland 2010
© 2009 IBM Corporation
Mainframe Innovation:
Specialty Engines
Building on a strong track record of technology innovation with specialty engines
Transparent for applications when relevant
IBM System z Integrated
Information Processor
(2006)
Eligible for zIIP:
System z Application
Assist Processor (zAAP)
2004
Integrated Facility
for Linux (IFL) 2000
Internal Coupling
Facility (ICF) 1997
TLLBSUP_02
IBM System z
Eligible for zAAP:
Java execution
environment
z/OS XML System
Services
DB2 remote access
DB2 for BI/DW
ISVs
IPSec encryption
z/OS XML System Services
z/OS Global Mirror (XRC)
HiperSockets for large
messages
IBM GBS Scalable
Architecture for Financial
Reporting
z/OS CIM Server
DB2 sort utility
zAAP on zIIP
© 2009 IBM Corporation
RD
IBM Nordic STG
Dynamic Growth in New Workloads
5000
Adoption
4000
zAAP for
Java™ Based
Workloads
3000
2000
1000
0
Q1
Q3
Q5
Q7
Q9 Q11 Q13 Q16 Q18 Q20 Q22 Q24 Q26
Source: IBM internal data
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
IBM Nordic STG
IBM System z Virtualization Support , using IFLs
Saving Money and Reducing Complexity
Helping You “Do More with Less” with Linux
Consolidate more x86 cores per CPU
Spend less on software license fees
Manage more virtual servers with fewer people
Deploy new servers and applications faster
Absorb workload spikes more easily
Spend less on disaster recovery
Occupy less floor space
Save on energy
Virtual
Linux
Servers
z/VM
Virtual
Virtual
Linux
Linux
Servers Servers
z/VM
z/VM
Virtual
Linux
Servers
z/VM
Shared Everything Infrastructure
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
zAAP Concept Overview: A Simplified Example…
Consider a WebSphere Application that is transactional in nature and requires
1000 MIPS today on zSeries.
80% utilization
Java Execution
Powered by zAAP
Java
Java
Java
40% utilization
Java
Java
Java
Java
Java
1000 MIPS for WebSphere App
500 MIPS for WebSphere App +
500 MIPS now available for additional workloads
In this example, with zAAP, we can reduce the standard CP capacity requirement for the
Application to 500 MIPS or a 50% reduction. * For illustrative purposes only
IBM Systems
IBM Nordic STG
Helping to drive down the cost of IT
Now even more workloads can benefit from zIIP
zIIP can help to integrate data across the enterprise by optimizing resources and lowering the
cost of ownership for eligible data and transaction processing workloads
– Centralized data serving – First to exploit zIIP were workloads such as BI, ERP, and CRM
applications running on distributed servers with remote connectivity to DB2® V8
– Network encryption – zIIP becomes an IPSec encryption engine helpful in creating highly
secure connections in an enterprise
– Serving XML data – zIIP is enabled for XML parsing, first to exploit this is inserting and saving
DB2 9 XML data over DRDA®
– Remote mirror – zIIP becomes a data mirroring engine with zIIP assisted z/OS Global Mirror
function (zGM, formerly XRC) helpful in reducing server utilization at recovery site (with z/OS
V1.8 and above)
– Exploiting of zIIPs by ISVs
zIIPs offer economics to help you
– PLUS zIIP price is same for z10 EC as z9 EC and we offer no charge MES
upgrades when moving to new technology
le
ilab
Ava 07
9/
ne w
ne w
!
!
IBM System z10 Integrated Information Processor and
IBM System z9 Integrated Information Processor
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
IBM Nordic STG
zAAPs – not just for Java anymore!
More new application technology exploiters, more new benefits
zAAP designed to help implement new application technologies on System z™
– Java™ was the first exploiter – lowering the cost of computing for WebSphere® Application
Server and other Java technology-based applications
– z/OS XML System Services (introduced with z/OS V1.9 and rolled back to V1.8 and V1.7)
helps make hosting XML data and transactions on System z more attractive. DB2 9 and
Enterprise Cobol V4.1 are the first exploiters.
le
ilab
Ava 07
9/
…. and more on Java
– SDK6 on z10 EC designed to deliver improved performance over SDK5 on z9 EC
– New function on z10 EC may benefit Java performance
– New z10 processor chip design and more available server memory .. plus in 2Q08 –
support for new decimal floating point on z10 EC by Java BigDecimal *
– PLUS zAAP price is same for z10 EC as z9 EC and we offer no charge MES upgrades when
moving to new technology
System z = z196, z10 EC, z9 EC, z9 BC, z990, z890
IBM System z10 Application Assist Processor and
IBM System z9 Application Assist Processor
* All statements regarding IBM future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represents goals and objectives only.
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
Specialty engines
z/OS LPAR
WAS
zAAP
Application
TCP/IP
HiperSockets
z/OS LPAR
DRDA
DB2
Application
WAS
Application
not on
System z
TCP/IP
D
R
D
A
Application
Star
Schema
zAAP
zIIP
TCP/IP
HiperSockets
DRDA
Linux on
System z LPAR
Application
CP
The IBM System z
specialty engines
can operate on
the same machine
together
Shown at left,
instances where zIIP
can be employed
with other specialty
engines
IFL
IBM Systems
How zAAPs and zIIPs are similar
Both run asynchronously to general purpose processors
Neither can run z/OS or be IPLed with z/OS (or any other operating
system)
Both receive eligible work from z/OS
IBM does not impose any IBM software charges on either
As of the date of this publication there are no known instances
where an ISV has imposed software charges on either
Both have the similar price ...
Both have the same technology dividend
PROJECTCPU tool can measure the eligible workload for both
RMF™ monitors both zAAP and zIIP activity
WLM manages both zAAP and zIIP workloads
TLLBSUP_09
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
How zAAP and zIIP are different
zAAP
Introduced in 2004
zIIP
Introduced in 2006
System z Application Assist Processor (originally System z Integrated Information Processor
the zSeries Application Assist Processor)
Available on System z9, System z10 servers, and
Available on System z9 and System z10 servers,
zEnterprise Servers
™
®
zEnterprise servers and IBM eServer zSeries 990
and 890 (z990, z890)
Intended to help implement new application
technologies on System z, such as Java and XML.
Intended to help integrate data and transaction
processing across the enterprise and on to System z9
and System z10.
Exploiters include:
Exploiters include:
ANYTHING that uses Java via the IBM SDK (IBM Java
Virtual Machine (JVM)) such as:
– WebSphere Application Server
– IMS™
– DB2
– CICS®
– Java batch
– CIM Client applications
ANYTHING that uses z/OS XML System Services
– DB2 9 (New Function Mode)
– Enterprise COBOL V4.1
– Enterprise PL/I V3.8
– IBM XML Toolkit for z/OS, V1.9 and later
– CICS TS V4.1
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IBM System z
DB2 V8 for z/OS, DB2 9, DB2 10 for z/OS
– Data serving
– Data Warehousing
See the NEW zAAP
– Select utilities
on zIIP capability
z/OS Communications Server
– Network encryption
z/OS XML System Services
– DB2 9 New Function Mode
z/OS Global Mirror (XRC), System Data Mover (SDM)
IBM GBS Scalable Architecture for Financial Reporting
HiperSockets for large messages
z/OS CIM server
© 2009 IBM Corporation
What is DRDA?
DRDA = Distributed Relational Database Architecture™
Developed by IBM
Enables relational data to be distributed among multiple
platforms – ‘any app to any db and any db to any db’
App or DB
DB
D
R
D
A
DRDA is implemented in DB2 UDB for z/OS V8 and reduces the need for additional
gateway products that may affect performance and availability.
The Open Group adopted DRDA in 1998 as the open standard for database access
interoperability.
An application uses DRDA application requestor or server to access a remote
database. DB2 Connect is an example of a DRDA application server. The universal
driver is an example of a DRDA application requester
DRDA is network independent. It can use TCP/IP or SNA as a network protocol to
flow DRDA commands. Connections using SNA are not eligible for zIIP.
So.... regarding the zIIP: If DB2 for z/OS V8 work load comes over TCP/IP and is
DRDA compliant (and not stored procedures or user-defined functions), a portion
of that DB2 workload is eligible to be redirected to the zIIP – you need BOTH
TCP/IP and DRDA but not stored procedures or user-defined functions.
IBM Systems
What is Star Schema?
DB2 V8 zIIP redirect enabling APAR :
PK19921 for Star Schema
Star schema = a relational database schema for representing
multidimensional data
Sometimes graphically represented as a ‘star’
Data stored in a central fact table
Surrounded by additional dimension tables holding information
on each perspective of the data
Example: store "facts" of the sale (units sold, price, ..) with
product, time, customer, and store keys in a central fact table.
Store full descriptive detail for each keys in surrounding
dimension tables. This allows you to avoid redundantly storing
this information (such as product description) for each
individual transaction
Complex star schema parallel queries include the acts of
joining several dimensions of a star schema data set (like
promotion vs. product).
So.... regarding zIIP: if the workload uses DB2 UDB for z/OS V8 to join star schemas,
then portions of that DB2 workload will be eligible to be redirected to the zIIP.
IBM Systems
What is index maintenance?
An index allows quick access to the rows in a table. Indexes are created using
one or more columns of a table.
Over time, as data in a large database is manipulated indexes can become
less efficient. They need to be updated and maintained. This can be a very big
task.
LOAD – loads your tables
REORG – improves your index performance
REBUILD INDEX – creates or rebuilds your indexes
So.... regarding the zIIP: The BUILD phase of LOAD, REORG, and REBUILD
utilities performs index maintenance. Most of the BUILD phase is eligible to be
redirected to the zIIP.
DB2 V8 zIIP redirect enabling APAR :
PK19920 for Utilities
IBM Systems
IBM Nordic STG
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
IBM Nordic STG
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
Tool for zIIP sizing analysis
CP2KEXTR tool
– IBM rep. sends the tools with instructions
– z/OS V1.8 and higher, DB2 V8 or higher
– PROJECTCPU=YES in IEAOPT member
– Collects data from SMF types 70, 71, 72, 73 ,74, 75 and 78 (from a week or more)
–
Produces a EDF file as output
–
Run by customer
zCP3000 IBM tool
–
Uses the EDF file as input
–
Produces an Analysis Report
– Run by IBM
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
zIIP Analysis using zCP3000 (sample)
The CP graph shows the utilization for an average 4.0
CPs. (The input had an average of 4.0 CPs.)
The zIIP graph shows the utilization for an average 0.0
zIIPs. (The input had an average of 0.0 zIIPs.)
These graphs are based on a 2094-704 processor,
and a suggested zIIP utilization threshold of 100%.
When there's potential zIIP time but no zIIPs defined,
the potential zIIP time is displayed as if there were 1
zIIP.
In this case the maximum zIIP (actual plus potential) is
40.4% of a single zIIP.
This peak occurred at 10:00 on 24/11/08.
IBM Systems
IBM Nordic STG
The value of zAAP and zIIP ?
1. Offload a WebSphere Application that is transactional in nature and requires 1000 MIPS today on System z
2. Add a WAS workload from a Distributed Server
Java execution powered by a zAAP
80% utilization
CP
CP
System z
JAVA
DB2
JAVA
EJB
Server
System
z
EJB
DB2
JAVA
zAAP
System z
NO SW COST
40%
utilization
EJB
JAVA
Server
System
z
JAVA
EJB
DB2
DB2
JAVA
1000 MIPS
for WebSphere App
500 MIPS for WebSphere App +
500 MIPS now available for additional workloads
1. Reduction of the standard CP capacity requirement for the application to 500 MIPS or a 50% reduction.*
2. Or it is possible to add the JAVA work without affection the cost of the current workload and for NO SW cost
IBM
IBM 2010
2010
System z Specialty Engines – Update
TLLBSUP_019
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
zAAPs and zIIPs – Designed to help implement,
integrate, optimize new technologies
Enabled technologies, in order of introduction:
Java – for WebSphere® Application Server and Java technology-based applications
Centralized data serving eligible for zIIP – Portions of BI, ERP, and CRM remote connectivity
to DB2 V8, as well as portions of long running parallel queries. and select utilities.
Network encryption on zIIP – IPSec network encryption/ decryption (with z/OS V1.8)
XML parsing – z/OS XML System Services eligible on zAAP or zIIP (with z/OS V1.9, V1.8 and
V1.7 with maint.)
Remote mirror – zIIP assisted z/OS Global Mirror function (with z/OS V1.9)
HiperSockets – HiperSockets Multiple Write operation for outbound large messages (with z/OS
V1.9)
Business Intelligence – IBM Scalable Architecture for Financial Reporting provides a highvolume, high performance reporting – can be eligible for zIIP
Intra-server communications – z/OS CIM Server processing eligible for zIIP (with z/OS V1.11).
DB2 sort utility – DB2 utilities sorting fixed-length records using IBM's memory object sorting
technique
zAAP on zIIP capability – Optimize the purchase of a new zIIP or maximize your investment in
existing zIIPs
TLLBSUP_020
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
RMF: zAAP and zIIP support
RMF supports zAAP and zIIP processors by extending the
– Postprocessor CPU activity report
– Postprocessor Workload report
– Monitor III Enclave report
In detail...
– RMF distinguishes between standard CP, zAAP, and zIIP where necessary
– Collects and reports about zAAP and zIIP service times
– Collects and reports about zAAP and zIIP usage and delay states for service and
report class periods
Following SMF record types are extended
–
–
–
–
SMF record 70 subtype 1 (CPU activity)
SMF record 72 subtype 3 (Workload activity)
SMF record 79 subtype 1 and 2 (Address Space State and Resource data)
SMF record 30 (provides more detail on address spaces)
Review and modify any user-written programs, if affected
TLLBSUP_021
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
Large Systems Update 2009
International Technical Support Organization for ITD Global
The Power and Flexibility of System z Virtualization
Over 40 years of continuous innovation in virtualization technologies
Multiple images concurrently share all physical resources
Resources delivered as required, automatically, based on business-oriented goals
New OS images can be started without affecting ongoing work
Hardware assists used to accelerate virtualization operations (e.g., SIE)
!
"# "
z/OS Linux Linux
% ! &
% ! &
Linux Linux Linux
$
'
"
z/OS
z/OS
z/OS
z/OS
z/VM
Linux
Linux
z/VM
LPAR 1
LPAR 2
LPAR 3
LPAR 4
LPAR 5
LPAR 6
LPAR 7
LPAR 8
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
zAAP
zAAP
zIIP
zIIP
IFL
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IFL
IFL
IFL
IFL
IFL
IFL
IFL
zAAP on zIIP Capability
TLLBSUP_023
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
What is the zAAP on zIIP capability?
A new capability that can enable System z
Application Assist Processor (zAAP) eligible
workloads to run on System z Integrated
Information Processors (zIIPs)
– Ideal for customers with no zAAPs and zIIPs
• The combined eligible workloads may make the
acquisition of a single zIIP cost effective.
– Ideal for customers with only zIIP processors
• Makes Java and z/OS XML System Services-based
workloads eligible to run on existing zIIPs –
maximizes zIIP investment.
– Available September 25, 2009 with z/OS V1.11 and
z/OS V1.9 and V1.10 (with PTF)
• This new capability is not available for z/OS LPARS
if zAAPs are installed on the server.
TLLBSUP_024
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
Example 1: zAAP on zIIP**
Can enable you to run zIIP- and zAAP-eligible
workloads on the zIIP.
CPs only,
NO zAAPs
and zIIPs
White space
All workloads
on general
purpose
processors ZAAPZIIP=YES
Small amount
of zIIP
and zAAP
eligible work
CPs
– Optimize the purchase of a new zIIP
The potential to run any of these workloads on
your new zIIP
White space
General
purpose
workload
CPs
zIIP
** For illustrative purposes only, your results will vary.
This new capability is not available for z/OS LPARS if zAAPs
are installed on the server
TLLBSUP_025
IBM System z
ANYTHING that uses Java via the IBM SDK (IBM
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)) such as:
– WebSphere Application Server
– IMS
– DB2
– CICS
– Java batch
– CIM Client applications
ANYTHING that uses z/OS XML System Services
– DB2 9 (New Function Mode)
– Enterprise COBOL V4.1
– Enterprise PL/I V3.8
– IBM XML Toolkit for z/OS, V1.9 and later
– CICS TS V4.1
DB2 V8 for z/OS, DB2 9 for z/OS
– Data serving
– Data Warehousing
– Select utilities
z/OS Communications Server
– Network encryption
– HiperSockets for large messages
z/OS CIM server
ISV workloads
© 2009 IBM Corporation
Example 2: zAAP on zIIP**
Can enable you to run zIIP- and zAAP-eligible
workloads on the zIIP.
– Maximize your investment in existing zIIPs.
CPs and
zIIPs
White space
Potentially add the following
workloads to your existing zIIPs
White space
General
purpose
workload
ZAAPZIIP=YES
Small amount
zAAP
eligible work
CPs
zIIPs
General
purpose
worload
CPs
zIIP
ANYTHING that uses Java via the IBM
SDK (IBM Java Virtual Machine (JVM))
such as:
– WebSphere Application Server
– IMS
– DB2
– CICS
– Java batch
– CIM Client applications
ANYTHING that uses z/OS XML
System Services
– DB2 9 (New Function Mode)
– Enterprise COBOL V4.1
– Enterprise PL/I V3.8
– IBM XML Toolkit for z/OS
– CICS TS V4.1
** For illustrative purposes only, your results will vary.
This new capability is not available for z/OS LPARS if zAAPs are installed on the server
TLLBSUP_026
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
How to enable the zAAP on zIIP capability
The capability ships default enabled with z/OS V1.11.
– Parameter in IEASYSxx : ZAAPZIIP = YES (default in z/OS V1.11)
– If you wish to disable the function for any reason, you must IPL with
ZAAPZIIP=NO in the IEASYSxx Parmlib member
Also available with z/OS V1.9 and V1.10
– With PTF for APAR OA27495
– Enabled with ZAAPZIIP=YES in the IEASYSxx Parmlib (the default is NO)
This new capability does not remove the requirement to purchase
and maintain one or more general purpose processors for every
zIIP processor on the server
– This part of the IBM terms and conditions surrounding the IBM System z
specialty engines is unchanged.
TLLBSUP_027
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
zAAP on zIIP
Requirements
– System z9 or z10
• With zIIP(s) and no zAAP(s)
• one or more general purpose processors for every zIIP processor on the server
– Available on z/OS V1.11, and z/OS 1.9 and 1.10 (with PTF for APAR OA27495)
– New ZZ system parameter
• ZAAPZIIP=YES or NO (or ZZ=YES or NO)
• For z/OS 1.11 default = YES (enabled)
• For z/OS 1.9 and 1.10 default = NO (not enabled)
• If zAAPs are on the server, the zAAP on zIIP capability will not be honored
For more information:
– The zIIP and zAAP Web sites at:
ibm.com/systems/z/advantages/specialtyengines/index.html
– The zAAP on zIIP capability (and ZZ system parameter) is described in z/OS
V1R11.0 MVS Initialization and Tuning Reference (SA22-7592-18)
TLLBSUP_028
IBM System z
© 2009 IBM Corporation
For more information
zIIPs
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/z/hardware/features/ziip/resources.html
FAQ, Getting started, sizing information, whitepapers
zAAPs
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/z/hardware/features/zaap/resources.html
FAQ, Getting started, sizing information, whitepapers
IFLs
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/z/os/linux/
FAQ, Whitepapers, Tuning hints and tips
IBM Systems
Questions
What About......
IBM Systems