Dipartimento di Fisica Univ. Roma “La Sapienza”

Transcription

Liquids & Amorphous Solids Group
PARTICIPANTS
TECHNIQUES
G. Ruocco
R. Di Leonardo
T. Scopigno *
B. Ruzicka *
R. Angelini +
C. Conti +
E. Pontecorvo
F. Zamponi
F. Ianni
-Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS)
-CCD based time Resolved BLS
-Transient grating spectroscopy+
-Photon Correlation Spect. (PCS)*
-Infra-Red PCS+
-sub-nanosecond PCS+
-Static Light Scatt.(LS)*
-CCD based LS
-3D-PCS*
-In-fiber homo-/hetero-dyne PCS
-Heterodyne velocimetry
-Optical tweezing+
-Rheometer*
-Calorimeter*
*
TT
TT
TD
AS
AS
DR
DR
DR
* SOFT Personnel (A1)
+ SOFT Other Pers. (A3)
Dipartimento di Fisica Univ.
Roma “La Sapienza”
* Shared with SMC/TAR and SOFT/SofTS
+ Under Construction
ONGOING RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
- Complex dynamics in non-Newtonian fluids.
HIGHLIGHTS
Non Newtonian fluids
- Arrested states and dynamical slowing down in colloidal
systems: gelation vs glass transition.
t
cresce
wtackling the “multiple scattering” problems.
-Techniques for
-Time evolution of dynamical properties in non-ergodic systems.
-Techniques for “fast” quench, crunch, electrostriction, etc in
colloidal, polymeric and molecular systems.
- Experimental test of the generalized Fluctuation Dissipation
Theorem (FDT) in off-equilibrium systems:
a) System under external forces (shear, thermal gradient,…)
b) Aging systems
- Experimental and numerical test of the Fluctuation Theorem
(FT) in systems with competing timescales.
- Potential Energy Landscape topology and phase transition.
Laponite
Star Polymer
-Techniques for tackling the “multiple scattering” problems.
b) Aging systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Gelation vs vetrification
In Laponite-water
b) Aging systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Aging after crunch of a glass
b) Aging systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Effects of shear in aging colloids
b) Aging systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Geralized Fluctuation Theorem
b) Aging systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Topological signature of
phase transitions
Soft Materials: Theory and
Simulation Group
PARTICIPANTS
F. Sciortino
E. La Nave
E. Zaccarelli
C. De Michele
A. Moreno
ON GOING INTERNATIONAL
COLLABORATIONS
TT
TT
AS
A. Puertas (Spain)
M. Fuchs and E. Lange (Germany)
W. Goetze (Germany)
R. Schilling (Germany)
C. Likos and H. Loewen (Germany)
G. Foffi (Switzerland)
S. Mossa (France)
H.E. Stanley (USA)
T. Keyes (USA)
P. Poole and I.S. Voivod (Canada)
S. Sastry (India)
Soft Materials: Theory and
Simulation Group
HIGHLIGHTS
ONGOING and PLANNED RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of:
- Slow Dynamics in Short Range attractive Colloidal Systems.
Higher order glass singularities
systems at low packing fraction: gelation vs glass transition.
-Arrested States in Star Polymer solutions.
-Aggregation of charged colloids
-Thermodynamics of out of equilibrium structural glasses
- Dynamic and Static Heterogeneities close to the glass
transition
- Potential Energy Landscape Thermodynamic Formalism
Competition of short range
attractions and long range
repulsions
PISA
PARTICIPANTS
D. Leporini
M. Lucchesi
G. Gorini
E. Campani
L. Fronzoni
S. Capaccioli*
D. Prevosto+
M. Amirkhani
K. Kessahiri
L. Larini
TD
AS
DR
DR
DR
* SOFT Personnel (A1)
+ SOFT Other Pers. (A3)
Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Fermi”
Università degli Studi di Pisa
TECHNIQUES
- High Pressure (0-7kbar) Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (0.01
mHz- 40 GHz)
-Fluctuation Voltage Analysis
-Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)
-DC and AC conductivity
measurements (10-15-104 S/cm )
-Rheo-dielectric apparatus+
Dielectric Spectroscopy Lab
-High-Field EPR*
-2nd Harmonic Generation (SHG)
Raman and Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
-Turbulence analysis
- Spatial instability
- Molecular Dynamics Simulations
* Shared with IPCF-CNR
+ Under Construction
Laser Spectroscopy Lab
PISA
- Orientational dynamics of glass-formers investigated by dielectric
and second harmonic generation spectroscopy.
- Effect of density, temperature, intermolecular interactions on the
slowing down of glass-former dynamics in bulk, thin films and
miscible blends.
- Relation between configurational entropy and structural dynamics
under isobaric and isothermal variation.
- Polymerizations as chemical routes to glass transition.
-Time evolution of α- and β- relaxation in non-ergodic systems,
obtained after quenching, crunching or under shear stress.
Theorem (FDT) for polarisation in off-equilibrium systems, e.g.
ageing structural glasses, polymers under shear, Liquid Crystal
electroconvection
- Dynamics of Hydrogen bonding systems
- Weak turbulence in electroconvection
- Structure of potential-energy landscape in glasses by high-field
EPR
- Non-ergodicity crossover by high-field EPR.
- Polymer crystallization and protein folding.
Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Fermi”
Università degli Studi di Pisa
HIGHLIGHTS
Effect of aging on β-relaxation
Free-energy
landscape
of a
single-molecule
polymer crystal
QuickTime™ and a
Photo - JPEG decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Spatial instability in
electrohydrodynamic pattern
/01
PARTICIPANTS
TECHNIQUES
M. Fontana
L. Cristofolini
P. Camorani
T. Berzina *
V. Erokhin +
-Langmuir-Blodgett Lab.
-FTIR, Confocal microRaman
-AFM-STM, SNOM
-Null Ellipsometry
-Vacuum Evaporator, electron gun
-Electrical measurements
* SOFT Personnel
AS
TD
TD
(A1)
KSV-5000 Langmuir trough
Ellipsometry
/01
HIGHLIGHTS
- Photoinducted phase transitions in polymeric glasses
- Glass transition in reduced dimensionality
- Dynamics of nanostructured complex molecular systems
- Signal propagation in complex conducting polymeric networks
- Preparation and characterization of complex molecular
and biomolecular architectures for application to molecular
electronics, biosensing, biology.
Two step soft patterning
of nanoengineered polymeric capsules
Glassification in 2D
Extreme example of 2D confinement
Possibility of continuous variation of
density
Back-to-equilibrium relaxation after
optical pumping
Dipartimento di Fisica
Univ. degli Studi Perugia
PARTICIPANTS
G. Onori
A. Santucci
A. Paciaroni
S. Cinelli
M. Freda
S. Marchetti
E. Cornicchi
M. Marconi
M.G. Ortore
S. Vilasi
AS
AS
AS
DR
DR
DR
TECHNIQUES
- UV-VIS spectroscopy
- FTIR and IR spectroscopy
- CD spectroscopy
- Micro Calorimetry
- Atomic force microscopy*
- Raman spectroscopy
- Tensiometer
- Rheometer
DR
* Shared with CEMIN
Univ. degli Studi Perugia
- Role of the solvent in protein dynamical transition.
- Protein thermal stability as affected by solvent properties.
-Dynamics and stability of proteins and DNA in glassy matrices.
- Protein-protein interactions and protein aggregation.
- DNA/surfactant and protein/surfactant supramolecular
complexes.
- Properties of water confined in reverse micelles.
- Nafion membrane and related hydration features.
HIGHLIGHTS
Dynamics of protein in glycerolwater glassy matrices
PARTICIPANTS
TECHNIQUES
A. Bonincontro
G. Risuleo
- Radiowave Dielectric Spectroscopy
10 kHz – 100 MHz; 1 MHz – 1 GHz
- Electrorotation set-up
- Static Fluorescence
- Differential Scanning Microcalorimetry*
- Biomacromolecule Characterization Facilities
* In cooperation with SOFT / PG
HIGHLIGHTS
- Protein / protein interactions in amphiphilic environment
- DNA and amphiphilic molecules
- Structural properties of bacterial ribosome
- Structural and functional alterations of biomembranes
96
a
ε'
88
80
ε d ''
4
b
3
2
1
0
10 5
10 6
f [H z]
10 7
10 8
Permittivity ε’ (a) and relaxation dielectric loss εd’’ (b) as function of
frequency of DNA/CTAB solutions at selected values of CTAB
concentrations. The continuous lines have been obtained fitting the
experimental data to the Cole-Cole equation.
TECHNIQUES
High Resolution NMR at 7 Tesla
Ultra High Gradient Diffusometry
Single-sided NMR
Low Resolution NMR 2÷40 MHz
PARTICIPANTS
F. De Luca
C. Casieri
D. D’Emiliano
C. Testa
L. Senni
DR
AS
AS
HIGHLIGHTS 2004
Effects of different α and β
configurations in molecular selfdiffusion coefficient of glucose
-Confined water dynamics in colloids and porous systems.
-Ultra-slow diffusion dynamics in macromolecular
aggregates.
-NMR characterization of molecular clustering on lipid
bilayer.
-NMR and Molecular Dynamics studies of hydrophobic
hydration mechanisms.
-Porosity and pore-size distribution of porous materials.
-Low-resolution non-invasive NMR characterization of
Cultural Heritage materials.
-1H NMR imaging of rare nuclei distribution.
Chem.Phys.Lett 387, 295300 (2004)
Dynamical Characteristics
of Biological Systems from
Neutron Scattering Experiments
TECHNIQUES
- Elastic (ENS) and Quasielastic (QENS)
Neutron Scattering
PARTICIPANTS
Scientists
A. Deriu
M. Bée
G. Zaccai
M.-C. Bellissent Funel
F. Natali *
L. Bove *
D. Russo *
M. Tehei
Technicians
S. Vial
S. Labbé-Lavigne
* SOFT Personnel
+ SOFT Other Pers.
(Univ. Parma)
(Univ. “J. Fourier”, Grenoble)
(IBS, CEA-CNRS, Grenoble)
(LLB, CEA-CNRS, Saclay)
TT
TT
TD
(IBS, CEA-CNRS,
(IBS, CEA-CNRS,
(A1)
(A3)
Grenoble)
Grenoble)
Università di Parma
Université J. Fourier
Laboratoire Léon Brillouin
Institut de Biologie Structurale
Università di Parma
Dynamical Characteristics
of Biological Systems from
Neutron Scattering Experiments
Université J. Fourier
Laboratoire Léon Brillouin
Institut de Biologie Structurale
HIGHLIGHTS
Protein-lipid interactions
in oriented lipid bilayers
ONGOING AND PLANNED RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Cellular response to external signals and extreme conditions
Normalised Elastic Intensity
Dynamics of organised structures of hydrated saccharides:
-
0
5
10
15
Q 2(Å
1.0
0.8
2
- dynamics of proteins at high pressures,
- dynamics of fonding states of small globular model proteins,
- dynamic properties and structural stability of hemoproteins
embedded in silica hydrogels,
- effect of bio-protecting glassy matrices on the biomolecule
dynamics
0.6
2
Molecular dynamics of proteins:
0 .1
<∆u > (Å )
- ganglioside aggregates,
- lipid-membrane and lipid-protein interactions,
- purple membrane
1
0.4
Normalised Elastic Intensity
Dynamics of biological membranes and model systems:
-2
20
25
)
1
0.1
0
1
2
3
2
4
5
T2
-2
Q (Å )
homologue disaccharides: trehalose, maltose and sucrose,
0.0
amylose and amylopectine gels,
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
synergic xanthan-glucomannan gels,
T (K )
chitosan and hyaluronate gels,
pectin-sucrose gels (high pressure studies)
Effect of Myelin Basic Protein on the Dynamics of Oriented Lipid Bilayers
0.2
T1
A. Gliozzi, A. Deriu, F. Natali, A. Relini, R. Rolandi,, P. Cavatorta, A. Fasano and P. Riccio
(Dated Luly 2004)
Univ. Roma Tre
PARTICIPANTS
G. Stefani
A. Ruocco
G. Paolicelli*
F. Offi
A. Fondacaro
F. Evangelista
F. Da Pieve
S. Ugenti
* SOFT Personnel
TI
(A1)
TECHNIQUES
•Electron Energy Loss (EELS)
•Low Energy Electron Diff. (LEED)
•Photoemission spectroscopy (XPS)
•Auger spectroscopy (AES)
•Photoelectron Diffraction (PED)+
•Grazing X-ray Diffraction (GXRD)+
•Near Edge Absorption (XANES)+
•Angle Resolved AugerPhotoelectron coincidence (ARAPECS)+
•High Energy Photoelectron
Spectroscopy*
* Shared with VOLPE EU project
+ at ALOISA beam line
Experimental chamber
at the LASEC laboratory
ONGOING and PLANNED
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
- Charge transfer, electronic
structure, and morphology at
macromolecules/metal
interfaces (PRIN 2003028141)
-Local orbital magnetism
studied by Angle Resolved
Auger-Photoelectron
coincidence spectroscopy
-Novel instrumentation for
electron spectroscopies: oncampus and at synchrotron
facilities experiments.
Dichroic effect in AR-APECS
Molecular orientation at
CuPc/Al interface
-20
-3
ILoss/IElastic (x10 )
-High energy photoemission
spectroscopy: methodology
development and application
to buried soft/hard matter
interfaces (VOLPE EU
project)
HIGHLIGHTS
0
20
9.0
40
60
0.010
experiment
8.5
best fit (α=15°)
8.0
0.008
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
0.006
5.5
-40
-20
0
20
polar angle (deg.)
40
The orientation of a 3 layer thickness film of CuPc
grown on Al(100) has been determined by means of
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
Phys. Rev. B 67 155408 (2003)
Collaborations: Roma1 (Betti, Mariani), Roma2 (Del Sole),
TASC (Gotter, Morgante), Rutgers (Bartynski), MPI (Kirschner),
TUWien(Werner), Bielefeld (Kabachnik)
Spin selectivity from atomic alignment in angle
resolved Auger-photoelectron coincidence
spectroscopy (AR-APECS) from solids
L O T U S
LOw Temperature Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
PARTICIPANTS
Maria Grazia Betti
Valeria Di Castro
Chiara Baldacchini
DR
TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES
-Angular
-AngularResolved
ResolvedUltraviolet
Ultraviolet
Photoemission
PhotoemissionSpectroscopy
Spectroscopy. .
(ARUPS)
(ARUPS)
-X-Ray
-X-Rayphotoelectron
photoelectron
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy
-Work
-Workfunction
functionand
andionization
ionization
potential
potential
-Low
-LowEnergy
EnergyElectron
ElectronDiffraction
Diffraction
-Auger
Electron
Spectroscopy
-Auger Electron Spectroscopy
-Thermal
-Thermaldesorption
desorption
-OMBE(Organic
-OMBE(OrganicMolecular
MolecularBeam
Beam
Epitaxy)
Epitaxy)
--Liquid
Liquidphase
phaseorganic
organicassembling
assembling
inininert
atmosphere
inert atmosphere
L O T U S
LOw Temperature Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
HIGHLIGHTS
Surface potential modulation and phase transitions
Benzentiolo on Copper
- Self assembling of organic molecules on metal surfaces
- Functionalised surfaces
-Adsorption energy at hybrid interfaces and
potential at functionalised surfaces
- Electronic properties of hybrid interfaces and of organic
thin films
M. G. Betti, V. Di Castro Benzenethiols assembled on Cu(1o0) surface
Electronic states at hybrid interfaces
Phtalocyanine on Gold
M. G. Betti, F. Evangelista, C. Mariani, A. RuoccoExtended interface electronic states of πconjugated aromatic molecules assembled at the Au(110) surface Europhysics Letters (2004)
Advanced X-ray Emission Spectroscopy
PARTICIPANTS
TECHNIQUES
L. Braicovich
C. Dallera
G. Ghringhelli
A. Tagliaferri
E. Annese
F. Fracassi
in the soft X-range
at the ESRF- Grenoble
-Resonant Inelastic X-Ray
Scattering (RIXS)
-Fluorescence Spectroscopy
-Integrated Resonant Raman
Scattering (IRRS)
-X-ray Absorption
Spectroscopy (XAS)
-X-ray Magnetic Circular
Dichroism (XMCD)
-Dichroism in RIXS
-Dichroism in IRRS
-Polarisation analysis of
scattered photons
-Resonant Photoemission
-Spin resolved photoemission
-High Energy Photoemission
with soft and hard
X-rays
DR
DR
Technical support by
OGG technicians and
Politecnico Milano
technicians
Politecnico di Milano
The main apparatus is AXES
(Advanced X-Ray Emission
Spectrograph) permanently installed
at the public beamline ID08 of the
ESRF-Grenoble
Politecnico di Milano
Advanced X-ray Emission Spectroscopy
RIXS in HighTc
supercoductors
Sum Rules in IRRS
1.0
-G. Balestrino and co.
80
Co-ferrite IRRS
0.5
(Roma 2)
70
Cu Labsorption
L3
0.0
60
-G. Maritato and co.
L2
CuO
50
(Salerno Un.)
LaCuO
40
-R. Vaglio and co.
SrCuOCl
30
(Napoli Un.)
Nd Ce CuO
20
-C.M. Bertoni and co.
x2
La Sr CuO
Circ.
Dichr.
10
(Modena Un.)
x2
Bi-2212
780
790
800
810
0
-M. Fanciulli and co.
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
Incident Photon Energy (eV)
(MDM-INFMRelative photon energy (eV)
ST Microlectronics) L:Braicovich et al. Phys. Rev.
G. Ghiringhelli et al. Phys. Rev.
-N.B. Brookes (ESRF)
Lett. 90, 117401 (2003)
Lett. 92, 117406 (2004)
-G. Van der Laan
Recent Improvements
(Daresbury Synchr. UK)
in RIXS resolution
-L.H. Tjeng and co. (Koeln Un. Ger.)
10
-A. Kotani and co. (Spring 8, Jap.)
vertical polarisation
L RIXS
horizontal polarisation 3
-S. Suga and co. (Osaka Un. Jap.)
8
-F. Van der Veen and co.
e
L3 XAS 646
(Swiss Synchr, CH)
645
6
d
644
-C. Hague and co. (Paris 8 Un.)*
e
643
4
-G. Kaindl and co.*
d
642
c
(Freie Univ. Berlin, Germ.)
c
641
2
b
-B. Denning (Oxfrod Un. UK)*
b 640
Intensity (photons/s/eV)
3
2
4
2
2 2
1.85 0.15
1.85 0.15
-1
-1
* Not active at present
0
a
-6
a
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
relative scattered photon energy (eV)
639
638
incident photon energy (eV)
MnO
Intensity (photons s eV )
- High resolution RIXS from
cuprates and manganites at RT (at
present) and at low temperature
(planned)
- High resolution RIXS from
compounds of light Rare Earths
-Symmetry breaking effects in
Resonant Raman Scattering from:
°Magnetic systems
(circular dichroism in
perpendicular geometry)
° Non-magnetic strongly
correlated systems
(linear dichroism)
- Application of sum rules to RIXS
and IRRS (instrument
improvement also planned)
- Fast collision approximation and
beyond
- Buried Interfaces
-Spectroscopy of Zhang- Rice
systems
HIGHLIGHTS
Collaborations
and AXES users
Intensity (arb. units)
ONGOING and PLANNED
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
4
4

Dipartimento di Fisica Univ. Roma “La Sapienza”

Transcription

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