SIPANewS - School of International and Public Affairs

January 2011
SIPANewS
The waTer Issue
SIPANEWS
VOLUME XXIV No. 1 JaNUary 2011
Published semiannually by Columbia University’s School of International and Public affairs
From the Dean
Until recently, water has driven virtually all human progress. From the earliest appearance of Homo
sapiens, people have always settled near reliable supplies of fresh water and migrated to new places
when water supplies diminished. Cities have always needed abundant water for human consumption,
bathing, and sanitation, and also for agriculture and livestock. The trade networks that effectively
expanded the food supply radius around ancient cities depended on water transport, because even the
smallest boats could carry bulky cargoes ten or more times further at less cost than overland transport.
Rivers, lakes, and oceans also contributed to food supplies. Water-powered mills and factories dominated industrial development until long after the steam engine first appeared. And steam engines themselves were machines that used coal to heat—water.
The legacy of water’s influence on modern society is still visible. Look at any population density map
of the globe. Most of the world’s population still lives along rivers, lakeshores, or seacoasts. The amazing technological advances of the past century, which initially speeded up population growth and made
it feasible to build cities far from their sources of water, immensely improved human living conditions
in much of the globe—but not everywhere, and not forever. When the transition to sedentary agriculture began roughly 10,000 years ago, the earth’s human population stood at a bare 10 million. By the
dawn of the “common era,” this number had risen to perhaps 200 million or so. Water was always scarce
in some regions even then, and people who migrated in search of it often had to hunt for years to find a
reliable supply in a safe place. Not so today.
With more than 6 billion people on the planet today and the combined effects of global warming
and industrial and urban pollution, the supply of water safe enough for drinking, recreation, production,
and other uses is becoming scarce. In some parts of the globe, prolonged droughts and other weather
events (like the freeze that burst pipes in Ireland last December) or humanitarian crises and refugee
camps have already created emergencies that threaten entire populations.
This issue of SIPA News focuses on the public policy dimensions of water consumption and conservation, a topic of increasing importance to citizens and policymakers in every country in the world. New
York City itself faces a potential water problem, as do millions of people living in low-lying areas near
the earth’s oceans.
SIPA’s second year as an independent professional school at Columbia is rapidly transforming our
64-year-old institution with outstanding new faculty, an even more diverse and talented student body,
the full implementation of our new curriculum, and a series of research and development initiatives that
are already laying a durable foundation for SIPA’s future.
John H. Coatsworth
Dean
contents
InSIdE SIpA
FEATURES
p. 2
p.14
p. 26
p. 31
From Relief to
Development: Water Is
the Key
Greening New York
City’s Water Systems
Notes from the Field:
Water in Haiti
Class Notes
By Steven Cohen
By Megan Rapp
Compiled by Denise Lee and
Mitzi Pelle
p.17
p.27
p. 35
China’s World Expo
Masks a Watered-Down
Reality
Powering Our Future:
Leaders in Global
Energy
By Emily Ingram
By Alex Burnett
p.20
p.27
p. 8
A Beachgoer’s Duty:
A Surfer and a
Fisherman Lead the
Way to Curb Runoff
Pollution on the Jersey
Shore
Global Experts in
Philanthropy and
Sustainability Join
SIPA
El Niño Drought Leads
to Blackouts, Power
Rationing, and Political
Fallout in Venezuela
By Laura K. Budzyna
p.24
By Matthew Walter
Mass Freshwater
Exports: Alaska’s
Latest Cash Crop
Heads to India
By Dirk Salomons
p. 5
As Waters Rise,
Environmental Migration
Surfaces
By Sheena Jones
p. 6
The Weight of Water
By Karina Nagin
p. 10
In Cambodia,
Development Pushes
Ahead at the Expense
of a Lake
By Andrew Billo
By Kelsey L. Campbell
Donor List
By Alex Burnett
p. 28
Alumni News
By Daniela Francesca
Coleman
p. 29
Development News
By Tim Shenk
Cover photo taken by Karina
Nagin, MPA ’11, during
her summer internship in
Rajasthan, India. Read the full
story on Page 6.
Water sits in a reservoir after being
treated at the state-owned Empresa Publica Social del Agua y Saneamiento SA
(EPSAS) Puchuckollo treatment facility
in Viacha, Bolivia. As Bolivia’s glaciers
recede, the landlocked Andean nation’s
water supplies grow more at risk.
2 S I PA N E W S
From Relief to Development:
Water Is the Key
By Dirk Salomons
The righT To clean waTer: an afTerThoughT?
This summer, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution recognizing that “the right to safe and clean
drinking water is a human right that is essential for the full enjoyment of life and all human rights.” The developing world
voted in favor of it, but most of the affluent nations abstained. What good will this resolution do for the 900 million
people who currently have no access to clean water, and how will it help the 2.5 billion people who have no access to
basic sanitation? Will it protect them from typhoid and cholera? Will it eradicate the waterborne diseases that kill 4,000
children every day, more than malaria, HIV/AIDS, and measles combined?
Water is a matter of life and death. Too much or too little is equally threatening. No need to explain that to the 20 million Pakistanis whose livelihoods were recently destroyed by the raging floods in the Indus valley, nor to the three million
Darfuris languishing for years in barren camps as the aquifers below them run dry. The tsunami that killed hundreds of
thousands in Asia as 2004 came to an end remains a horrendous memory, attesting to the deadly power of water. After a few
days without water, we die. Why, then, have we taken our dependency on water so lightly and ignored its threat?
The General Assembly’s resolution may be
no more than a rhetorical flourish, coming 60
years after the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, or it may be a wake-up call. Finally paying
attention to water means finally paying attention
to climate change, pollution, the implications of
poor governance, the dangers and opportunities
of privatizing the water sector, and the lethal conflicts brewing over access to water. Ultimately,
paying attention to water means taking global
poverty seriously.
awakening To The need for
susTainabiliTy
For humanitarians, the need to provide clean
water has always been a priority, be it in conflict
zones or after natural disasters. In the 1990s, as
professional standards were drawn up, the benchmark for delivery was clear: 15 liters per person
per day, maximum distance to a water point not
to exceed 500 meters, queuing time at water
source no more than 15 minutes. Drilling boreholes, setting up pumps, it was all in a day’s work.
But when camps have to be kept open for months,
or even years, a new reality emerges: the need to
find sustainable solutions. Large refugee populations are an environmental scourge, and rarely do
water supplies keep up with demand over time.
The Darfur region in Sudan, for example, has
an unprecedented concentration of population,
imposing high demand on water resources. The
four major clusters of camps in Darfur have to
drill ever deeper to meet the occupants’ needs,
and if there is even one dry year, the United
Nations predicts a calamity. And what about
the water needs of the four million Darfuris who
are not in camps? All of a sudden, in Darfur and
elsewhere, humanitarians have to think in terms
of long-term development and understand how
their relief efforts relate to the broader issues of
global poverty.
The righT To waTer is The
righT To developmenT
More than two thirds of all clean water withdrawn from the earth is used for food production.
It takes 100 gallons of water to produce one
pound of bread. Producing one pound of beef
requires 1,500 gallons of water, or nearly 5,700
liters. Globally, agro-industry is by far the thirstiest consumer. Often, what stays behind is pollution: water fouled by pesticides, fertilizers, and
the manure of livestock. Chemical companies,
coal-fired power plants, nuclear plants—they all
use vast amounts of water and leave toxic waste
behind. According to the World Bank, within
4 S I PA N E W S
the next 30 years, global demand for water will
exceed supply by 40 percent.
Climate change adds to the levels of uncertainty. According to the United Nations
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
global warming will intensify droughts worldwide, and at the same time, it will intensify
floods. This is not a long-term projection: It is
happening now. A sad example is the way in
which a long-lasting drought has turned the
Middle East’s “Fertile Crescent,” the breadbasket
straddling Syria and Iraq, into an uninhabitable
dust bowl, displacing tens of thousands. Such
shifting patterns are becoming all too frequent.
How can the poor manage in such an environment? Millions of the world’s poor, especially in
rural areas surviving on subsistence agriculture,
depend on clean water for their livelihoods. Two
billion people live in water-stressed areas. Is their
right to clean water limited to the amounts they
can drink, as the General Assembly has so carefully phrased it? What is the role of the state?
Who provides the infrastructure needed to ensure
an equitable storage and distribution of water?
In countries with weak governance, there are no
suitable mechanisms and institutions to regulate
water use, and the struggle for access to water
then takes on Darwinian traits, pitting community against community, herders against farmers,
villagers against urbanites. Is there an international “responsibility to protect” when it comes
to water? Can research contribute to better, more
economical water use and thus take the edge off
communal strife?
The argument has been made that privatization is the best solution when state capacity is
lacking. The private sector has the resources
needed to invest in infrastructure; it has the
technology; it can use pricing to reduce waste.
In the 90s, the World Bank asked impoverished
countries like Bolivia to privatize its water supplies as a condition for receiving economic
assistance. The Bechtel Group, a privately owned
engineering firm from the U.S., took over and
doubled Bolivia’s water rates. The subsequent
upheaval brought Evo Morales’ populist movement to power, and a public utility has now
resumed services in Bolivia. The lesson learned
is that privatizing essential public goods places
profits before human rights and destroys the
state’s legitimacy as a service provider. For Bolivia,
fortunately, this is now water under the bridge.
For the international development community,
the pitfalls of privatization create an opportunity
and a challenge to share both capital and technology in support of weaker states’ capacity-building
in the public sector. On the development agenda,
water has far too long gotten short shrift; massive
investments are needed to redress the gaps resulting from those years of neglect.
prevenTing deadly conflicT:
managing our waTer supply
across borders
Ensuring fair access to water is not just a matter
of alleviating poverty or stabilizing economic
growth. Water-related tensions can easily spill
over into conflict, within or between states.
According to UNESCO, 96 percent of all fresh
water resources are stored as groundwater, and
two or more countries share half of the world’s
aquifers. Above ground, the Yangtze, the Nile,
and the Ganges are all suffering serious water
security stress, facing demographic pressures,
pollution, and degradation. Areas where a shortage of water might aggravate tensions often happen to be zones that are already prone to conflict:
the Middle East, the borders between India and
Pakistan, the Mekong delta. If these potential
conflicts are not dealt with, they may first lead to
forced migration and social instability, and then,
ultimately, to violence as deadly as the sudden
surge of floods or tsunamis.
How can we show that we take the General
Assembly’s exhortations seriously? International
organizations, aid agencies, NGOs, and the
private sector can all support peace-building
efforts by addressing water availability, allocation, and use through direct interventions or
in policy dialogue. Initiatives such as the joint
Israeli, Jordanian, and Palestinian “Water Data
Banks Project” or the work of the Mekong River
Commission (bringing Thailand, Vietnam, Laos,
Cambodia, and China to the negotiating table)
are harbingers of such forward-looking strategies.
In many cultures, water is a symbol of peace.
Water sustains life. If we truly want to recognize
the right to water as a fundamental human right,
we cannot limit it to “safe and clean drinking
water” but have to expand it, so that it includes
all water essential to sustain basic livelihoods. At
the same time, this would create a global obligation to treat water as a “common public good,”
protected from mercenary exploitation. Is it time
to advocate for an “International Treaty for the
Preservation of the Right to Water”?
Dirk Salomons is the director of the Program for
Humanitarian Affairs at the School of International and
Public Affairs, Columbia University, where he also heads
the International Organization specialization.
As Waters Rise,
Environmental Migration
Surfaces
By Sheena JoneS
“
M
y husband stayed and watched over
the house, sitting on a chair stacked
on a table as he watched the water
slowly rise,” said Yvette, a housekeeper in Mananjary, Madagascar.
In January 2007, in an idyllic beachside town
on the island nation of Madagascar, Yvette’s
home, a one-room thatched hut on the bank of
the Canal des Pangalanes, was one of hundreds
in Mananjary affected by Cyclone Clovis. Yvette
was fortunate that her home survived the season’s
strongest cyclone, but other families were not as
lucky. An estimated 400 Mananjary homes were
destroyed by Clovis, displacing 2,857 people.
Since 2007, the cyclones in Madagascar have
grown in frequency and intensity. With each new
cyclone—Ivan in 2008, Jade in 2009, and Hubert
in 2010—Mananjary’s flood death toll has risen
into the hundreds, while thousands more have lost
their homes. Pactole Alison, a Mananjary native
who now resides in the United States, said Cyclone
Hubert was the worst disaster the town had seen
since 1959. With 90 percent inundation, the town
resembled a lake with people paddling from place
to place in dugout canoes. The culprit of these
stronger, more numerous cyclones and hurricanes
is widely thought to be rising sea temperatures, a
result of increased greenhouse gas emissions.
Tropical storms gain power when they move
over warm waters. “As oceans warm, they provide
a source of energy for hurricane growth,” according to a 2009 report by the U.S. Global Change
Research Program. The number of Category 4
and 5 cyclones has nearly doubled in the Indian
Ocean region in the past 15 years.
If these trends continue, Yvette’s family, along
with the thousands currently living along the
Canal des Pangalanes, could soon join the 211
million people worldwide who have left their
flooded homes for higher ground. They may
become environmental migrants.
Climate change is hardly a new phenomenon. For as long as the earth has
existed, the climate has oscillated,
from the warmth of the Jurassic
Period to the below-freezing
temperatures of the Pleistocene’s
“ice age.” Migration has always
been man’s response to pendulumlike changes in climate. One theory
suggests that a period of disparate
rainfall, fluctuating from extreme
droughts in one year to mass flooding in the next, resulted in early man’s
first migrations out of Africa. Today, those
affected by climate change have international borders
to contend with, in addition to financial constraints.
The face of the environmental migrant is the face
of the poor, said film director Michael Nash in his
documentary Climate Refugees. The people most likely
to be affected by climate change are those like Yvette,
who lives with her family in a 10-foot square thatched
hut on the bank of a river, in one of the poorest
nations in the world. Like many of her neighbors, she
has limited social connections outside the town and
has never left Mananjary, even for a weekend.
Lauren Greenberg, a community liaison officer working for Conservation International in
Madagascar, said that people in the region were
already struggling to make ends meet. “When there’s
a cyclone, the flooding means more months of the
year without sufficient food,” Greenberg noted. If the
crops are wiped out, people subsist solely on cassava,
a nutrient-deficient plant that is similar to the yam.
When Alison was growing up in Mananjary, flooding after a cyclone damaged the roads into town, cutting off access to the outside food supply. “I remember
staying in a long line for a few [cups] of rice,” he said.
The world is only beginning to understand the
implications of mass environmental migration. Nash
suggested that millions of environmental migrants
attempting to enter wealthier nations in Europe and
the United States could result
in national security issues and
widespread conflict. Italy and the
United States have seen a rise in
agricultural laborers illegally immigrating to the country, causing clashes with local populations and government. In the next 70 years, climate
change will induce 1.4 to 6.7 million
Mexicans to emigrate, according to the
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Environmental migrants are often
referred to as climate refugees or the environmentally displaced. However, many contest
these terms. While a number of international frameworks currently protect those displaced as a result
of political or ethnic targeting, there is no such
protection for people displaced by cyclones or
other natural disasters. Those who contest the term
“climate refugees” fear that, among the billions of
people affected by climate change, political refugees
might get lost in the crowd and wouldn’t receive the
political asylum they need.
The UN High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR) considers environmental migration a
phenomenon that urgently needs to be addressed.
If cyclone velocities continue to increase, migration may soon be a reality for Mananjary, as it will
be for the 252 million affected by natural disasters
annually. While UNHCR is exploring ways to
incorporate environmental migrants into international amnesty laws, it could take years before an
international framework is put in place to deal with
the vast numbers of environmentally displaced. For
the world’s poor, who are most affected by climate
change, time is of the essence.
Sheena Jones is a second-year Master of International
Affairs student, concentrating in Human Rights. She spent
2005 to 2007 in Mananjary, Madagascar, as a Peace
Corps volunteer and equates Mananjary with home.
S I PA N E W S 5
The Weight of Water
By K arina Na gin
A woman carries jars of water,
part of the daily routine in
Rajasthan. Right: The Lake
Palace in Udaipur, surrounded by marooned boats, sits in
a dried-up lake bed.
6 S I PA N E W S
a
small boy bathes on a balcony, letting the rain rinse his hair. A man stands
in the middle of the street, his arms outstretched, head tilted back, and
mouth wide open to the downpour. It is the first monsoon of the season, and
the excitement is tangible in the narrow streets of Pushkar, a small town in
the arid state of Rajasthan, India. Instead of running for cover, people dash into the
streets. The relief the monsoon offers from the scorching summer heat is not their
only reason for excitement: A three-year drought makes heavy rains imperative for the
56 million people living in this water-scarce state.
In a state that is two-thirds desert, the issue
of water weighs heavily on everyone’s mind. From
rural farmlands to urban slums and upper-class city
streets, “This year has to be a good monsoon,” was
the chorus heard across Rajasthan last July. Ninety
percent of people here are dependent on groundwater for drinking and irrigation, and the population is
growing at a rate of 28 percent per year, outpacing
the supply of resources. Add to this the fact that
NASA has estimated that groundwater levels are
decreasing at a rate of one foot per year, and one
begins to understand the sense of urgency.
Rajasthan’s water woes go beyond issues of
growing scarcity. Just accessing and transporting
water is a daily challenge for millions in Rajasthan,
and one group is affected more than most.
Around the world the burden of collecting and
transporting water overwhelmingly falls on the
shoulders of women and children, literally. Many
women in rural villages walk up to 15 km a day
just to collect the water their families need. The
time spent obtaining and transporting water to
meet a household’s requirements often keeps children out of school and prevents women from carrying out the domestic and income-generating work
for which they are also responsible. Gary White,
co-founder of water.org, an NGO focusing on water
and sanitation issues in developing countries, estimates that in just one day, more than 200 million
hours of women’s time is consumed worldwide collecting water for domestic use.
Mala, a 25-year-old mother who lives in a small
village 60 km from the city of Udaipur, is a testament to the statistics. “I have to walk two to three
kilometers three times a day to collect water for my
family and our animals,” she said. “In the summer
it’s much more.”
The UN suggests that individuals need a minimum of 20 liters of water every day just for drinking
and food preparation, which is 44 pounds of water
per person. Women in Rajasthan can be seen carrying
it on their heads in everything from plastic buckets to
rusty cans. Most often, women use a 15-liter metal
or clay pot. However, it is not uncommon to see a
woman balancing a second or even third pot on top of
the first for a total of 25 liters. That’s more than 55
pounds of water. While this traditional method of carrying water may look graceful and picturesque, it can
cause chronic arthritis, severe damage to the spine,
and complications during childbirth.
A young woman and her middle-aged mother
filled their water pots at the community tap in a small
village in the western district of Jodhpur. The mother
explained the consequences she has experienced
collecting water every day for the past 40 years. “My
ankles are swollen and my neck hurts,” she said as
she hoisted the large pot onto her head. “If I didn’t
spend all my time collecting water…I could keep
more goats; I’d sell more milk. Life would be better.”
Urban dwellers face challenges in collecting
water as well. Madhuri, a grandmother who lives
in one of the many kacchi basti (slums) that surround the capital city of Jaipur, relies on government
faucets for her water. But government taps are only
turned on from 7:30 to 8:00 a.m., and the morning
rush often results in more than 20 women anxiously
waiting for their turn at the tap. When asked what
she uses to carry and store water, Madhuri looked
momentarily confused and then finally answered,
“anything that holds water.” In these overcrowded,
peripheral communities, every option is utilized,
from traditional clay pots to empty Coke bottles.
Despite the overwhelming challenges, human
ingenuity and necessity create ways to improve
access to clean water and reduce the transport load.
Huge water tankers pulled by tractors slowly slosh
down city streets, delivering hundreds of liters of
water to those fortunate enough to be able to pay.
Thatched roof “water huts,” funded by local philanthropists, dot city sidewalks and offer a sip of water
free of charge to any thirsty passerby. Meanwhile,
larger multimillion-dollar government-funded programs work on infrastructure issues, and scores of
NGOs focus on water harvesting and purification.
Ronak Shah, a field officer with the Rajisthanbased NGO Seva Mandir, points to one cause of
water concerns: unrestricted development over the
past decade. This development has contributed to
the problems of water contamination, infrastructure
deficiencies, and a lack of environmental protection. “Lakes are getting encroached upon with
highway construction and housing developments,”
said Shah. “[New] laws for environmental protection are there in the legislation, but implementation is always the problem.”
In Udaipur, the Lake Palace usually appears to
float amidst the city’s shimmering Pichola Lake.
The former royal residence typically attracts swarms
of tourists; but last summer it lay deserted in the
middle of a dry, cracked lake bed.
“Water is life,” said Shah simply. Undoubtedly the
challenges of Rajasthan’s water situation are many:
Water rights, infrastructure, and environmental impact
must be addressed. But it is the individuals, those who
literally carry the weight of water on their shoulders
every day, whose burden ultimately must be lifted.
Karina Nagin is a second-year Master of Public
Administration student, concentrating in Economic and
Political Development with a focus on social entrepreneurship. She spent the past summer in Rajasthan,
India, working for Wello, a social enterprise focusing on
water transportation.
El Niño Drought Leads to Blackouts,
Power Rationing, and Political Fallout
in Venezuela
8 S I PA N E W S
BY MATTHEW WALTER
V
enezuelans faced a painful shock
in the early weeks of 2010.
Months of drought led to steady
declines in the country’s mammoth reservoirs, forcing production cuts at hydroelectric dams.
Water shortages threatened to undermine the
South American country’s power grid, forcing the
government to implement rationing measures that
brought economic and social hardship and fueled
political opposition to President Hugo Chávez.
Faced with looming electricity shortages, in
January the government floated a plan calling for
daily four-hour blackouts in Caracas, similar to
electricity cuts already implemented in much of the
rest of the country during the previous nine months.
Public backlash prompted Chávez to scrap the idea
in favor of a less drastic proposal and replace his
minister of electricity, even as drought continued to
deplete reservoirs. In the western Táchira state, the
water level fell so low in the Uribante Reservoir that
a village that was submerged in a reservoir in 1985
reappeared in February.
“When we have a problem with a drought, it
creates knock-on effects,” said Fernando Branger,
a professor at the Instituto de Estudios Superiores
de Administracion (IESA), a school of business
and public affairs in Caracas. “We’re talking about
a situation where the supply of electricity fell very
close to demand.”
Venezuela relied on hydroelectric power
plants for 73 percent of its electricity in 2009.
Chávez, who assumed office in February 1999,
has touted the fact that Venezuela is powered
by a renewable resource. But the OPEC-member
country’s reliance on a single type of power for
the majority of its electricity, and its failure to
invest in new capacity over the past 20 years,
sparked an economic train wreck in 2010.
The El Niño drought reduced water flows on the
Caroni River that feeds the Guri power plant, the
world’s third-largest hydroelectric generator, just as
the country was reeling from a collapse in the price
of oil. Parts of Caracas suffered regular water disruptions, and Chávez was forced to implement rolling
blackouts across the country to preserve the power
grid. At a time when it could least afford it, Venezuela
was forced to burn oil to run backup power plants.
Chávez’s new electricity minister announced
the government would require certain customers
in the capital to cut power use by 20 percent, and
the government reduced the public sector workday to five hours.
“This has happened to us in other instances,
but this time, our reservoirs were more affected,”
Left: A young Venezuelan fills buckets of water from a natural mountain spring in the Petare district of Caracas,
Venezuela, in November 2009. Top: A woman attends to a customer in a bakery during a blackout in Caracas,
October 19, 2008.
said Jesus R. Ortega, head of hydrometeorological
services at the National Institute of Meteorology
and Hydrology, a government agency. “Generally,
this happens every three or four years, and in some
instances it’s not intense. In others, like this year,
and in 1998, it affects us strongly.”
Rainfall has picked up since the middle of
this year, and Ortega said that reservoirs have
recovered, but the nation’s water shortages and its
fragile power grid remain political issues.
“We have to prepare to manage our reservoirs
better, and people have to be conscious of the
rational use of water resources,” he said.
Opposition leaders say the power shortages
are more evidence that Chávez has mismanaged the country’s infrastructure and squandered
chances to diversify its energy matrix. Blackouts,
along with rising crime, 28 percent annual inflation, and an economic recession prompted voters
to punish the president’s party in September’s
National Assembly elections.
Chávez’s United Socialist Party of Venezuela
saw its share of the National Assembly fall from
139 to 96 seats. While the socialists maintained a
majority, the party lost the two-thirds voting bloc
necessary for Supreme Court appointments and
presidential decree powers.
“For the first time, we are starting to see in polls
that the president is being directly associated with
problems in the country,” Branger said. “In the past,
the country has suffered many problems, but it was
often blamed on a minister, for example. A part of the
population is starting to say, ‘Well, if the problem was
the drought, then now that the rains are back, why
do we still have problems with the lights?’”
The main difference this year compared with
previous droughts is that the demand for electricity
has exploded over the past decade, and investment
in new capacity hasn’t kept pace. Between 1990
and 2009, Venezuela’s power demand increased
118 percent, while installed capacity rose just 8.6
percent, according to a report published in March
by the Comunidad Andina de Fomento (CAF), a
Caracas-based multilateral development bank.
The country’s cheap electricity rates, which
are subsidized by the government to keep them
at the lowest level in Latin America, also helped
fuel the surge in power demand, according to the
CAF report.
Branger said the government might have to
raise those rates to give incentives to investment
and efficiency.
“A new tariff structure could emerge, with
important increases for commercial sectors, shopping centers, and some residential areas,” he noted.
“They will keep rates low for impoverished areas.
Our grid has huge bottlenecks, and some infrastructure is operating at 130 percent of capacity.”
“In that situation,” Branger explained, “any
problem can cause a blackout.”
Matthew Walter is studying International Finance
and Economic Policy and will graduate with a Master of
International Affairs in December 2011. Matt worked as a
foreign correspondent for Bloomberg News in South America
for five years. He reported on the economy and government
from Santiago, Chile, and later became the bureau chief in
Caracas, Venezuela, heading up coverage of President Hugo
Chávez’s government.
S I PA N E W S 9
In Cambodia,
Development
Pushes Ahead
at the Expense
of a Lake
By Andrew Billo
N
estled in a cramped, urban district
north of Phnom Penh’s city center,
Beoung Kak Lake once provided a
welcome respite from the city’s heat and humidity—rickety guesthouses and cafes popular
with foreign backpackers and local residents
lined its shores, while fisherman floated by in
wooden canoes, casting their nets. But in late
August 2008, this idyllic setting was irrevocably
changed when a private firm with links to senior
officials in Cambodia began filling the lake
with sand in order to make way for a new housing and tourist complex geared toward wealthy
Cambodians and expatriates.
A Cambodian man rows
his boat in the Beoung
Kak Lake in Phnom Penh
in January 2010.
S I PA N E W S 1 1
Top: Cambodian security officials push a protester while dispersing Beoung Kak Lake villagers holding a protest
near Prime Minister Hun Sen’s house in Phnom Penh, August 2010. Bottom: A man takes apart his house after
agreeing to an $8,500 compensation at Beoung Kak village, August 2010.
1 2 S I PA N E W S
In Phnom Penh, where heavy rainfall inundates the city for half of the year, the company,
Shukaku, Inc., is filling in Beoung Kak Lake to
create space for what it is reportedly calling
the “New East City.” Some NGOs are skeptical
that such a development will be built at all and
claim instead that the lake, once filled in, will be
divided into parcels and sold as prime real estate
near Phnom Penh’s central district.
According to Sia Phearum, the secretariat
director of an NGO alliance called the Housing
Rights Task Force, 4,000 households on and
around the lake, which fall within a governmentdetermined “development zone,” will be displaced
as a result of the project. According to Sia, the
project’s contract was awarded to Shukaku, Inc.,
in 2006 without public consultation or a transparent bidding process. The resettlement site offered
to displaced families 25 km from the city center
is inadequate to meet their basic needs, Sia said.
“More than 70 percent of the families displaced
thus far have returned to the city center to find
work, renting rooms and apartments on their
own.”
Funding for the project came from a World
Bank loan worth $24.3 million in 2002, as well
as from private investors in Yunnan Province,
China. However, the Cambodian government
returned the undisbursed portion of the World
Bank loan in September 2009, after the bank
allegedly requested the project’s suspension while
resettlement policies were improved. The project’s Chinese investors have also pulled out fearing negative publicity, said Sia.
The project was intended to improve land
management and governance and fell into a
longer-term strategy of improving the ability of
poor households to access social services and economic activities, according to documents issued
by the World Bank’s Inspection Panel, which has
been investigating a notice of complaint from
concerned local and international NGOs. The
project established a modern land management
system in Cambodia that “resulted, notably, in
the registering and titling of more than 1.1 million parcels of land at an estimated cost of US$11
per title,” wrote World Bank Management in its
response to the complaint.
However, bank Inspection Panel documents
strongly state that the project made “no progress”
in working with the government of Cambodia to
ensure that persons facing displacement would be
resettled in line with the bank’s own Resettlement
Policy Framework. In this regard, management
documents acknowledged the project’s failure:
the Municipality of Phnom Penh illegally determined land surrounding the lake as State Public
Land, thus excluding residents from the land
titling process, since “possession rights cannot be
claimed on State Public Land.”
Attempts to interview World Bank representatives in Phnom Penh and Bangkok were declined
due to the ongoing investigation and negotiations
with the involved parties. However, the bank’s
Inspection Panel did state that a final evaluation
of the project was scheduled to be released in
December 2010, some 15 months after the initial
complaint was received.
Attempts to reach the Municipality of Phnom
Penh were also unsuccessful.
David Pred, executive director of the NGO
Bridges Across Borders Cambodia, which issued
a press release condemning the project at its
outset in August 2008, said, “The situation for the
families has now become unbearable. Deliberate
flooding of communities surrounding the lake is
being used as a ploy to remove people from the
area. Sewers and drainage systems have been
blocked with sand, leaving families at risk of disease and infection as their homes are flooded with
sewage-laden water.”
Pred reported that even communities outside
the areas initially designated for resettlement by
the Cambodian government are also being flooded to make way for access roads into the project
site. “Historically, these communities have never
flooded, but they are being deliberately targeted
as their houses lie on key access routes to the
project site,” said Pred.
Both Pred and Sia concur that land rights are
the core issue. As a result of formal land titling
that systematically excludes households targeted
for development, an inadequate complaint mechanism for resolving disputes, and a judiciary that
“only serves the wealthy and well-connected,”
the land rights of ordinary individuals are being
ignored, Pred and Sia said. The World Bank
was “asleep at the wheel for seven years,” noted
Pred, “while poor and vulnerable segments of the
population were denied any access to the formal
system that has become the only means of protecting oneself from forced eviction in Cambodia
today.”
One lakeside resident and restaurant owner,
Ly, age 61, who requested her full name be withheld for fear of police retribution, has lived on the
lake’s periphery since 1979, when after the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime, she returned to
“Deliberate flooding of communities surrounding the lake is being used as a ploy to remove
people from the area. sewers and drainage
systems have been blocked with sand, leaving
families at risk of disease and infection as their
homes are flooded with sewage-laden water.”
—David Pred, executive director of the NGO
Bridges Across Borders Cambodia
Phnom Penh to start a small business.
Lake water laps against the floorboards of
Ly’s raised deck—serving as an ever-present
reminder of her impending plight. Ly described
how she saved money over the years to open
her restaurant: “At first, I grew vegetables in the
lake’s water, and from that business I could earn
$10 per day,” a relatively large sum of money in
poverty-stricken Cambodia. “In 2005, when I
started my restaurant, there was no information
regarding the government’s plan. Prior to the
construction, I had an offer to buy my property
for $200,000—now the government is offering
me just $8,500.”
With the lake water rising every day, and further relocations imminent, more families are coming into direct confrontation with the project’s
developers and government. Both the Phnom Penh
Post and Cambodia Daily, the country’s two main
English-language newspapers, have reported on
police forcibly disbanding meetings organized
by city residents in regard to their impending
displacement.
As Ly stared wistfully across the lake, she
said, “If I am forced to leave, it will not be until
the very last moment. The restaurant supports
my three children and four grandchildren, and
without it we don’t know what we’ll do. We don’t
intend to give it up.” In spite of Ly’s steadfastness,
her family’s relocation is inevitable. If they stay,
her restaurant and home are certain to end up
under water.
Andrew Billo, Class of 2011, is pursuing dual Master
of International Affairs and Master of Public Policy degrees
from SIPA and the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy
at the National University of Singapore. Prior to pursuing
graduate studies, Andrew worked for more than five years
with multilateral agencies on a range of migration and displacement issues in Vietnam, Cambodia, Jordan, and Egypt.
He may be contacted at [email protected].
S I PA N E W S 1 3
Greening
New York
City’s
Water
Systems
By Steven Cohen
Work in north tunnel, 12
ft. in diameter, November
2006. Miners work 800 feet
below Manhattan tunneling
bedrock to create the 60
mile long City Water Tunnel #3, which will provide
fresh water and prevent a
catastrophic water shortage
in the city.
1 4 S I PA N E W S
E
very day, New York City’s water system
provides more than one billion gallons of
water to eight million New Yorkers and one
million residents in nearby counties. But the water
that goes in has to come out, and for a city like
New York to be sustainable, it must both supply its residents with clean water and ensure that
postconsumer water does not pollute New York’s
578 miles of surrounding waterfront and nearby
waterways. The city’s elected leaders are now
using ecosystem protection strategies and green
infrastructure to deliver high-quality drinking water
to residents and to reduce New York City’s impact
on the surrounding environment.
A World-Class Water Supply System
New York City gets its water from two upstate reservoir systems
that it owns and operates. To keep its water sources clean, the
city purchases land near these water sources and also ensures
that local farmers and other residents use best-management practices. According to New York City’s 2006 water supply report, the
Department of Environmental Protection’s $19.5 billion capital
investment strategy for the next decade, “will be used to upgrade
and add to existing infrastructure and guarantee that we can fulfill our mandate of delivering quality water to New York for years
to come.” By taking preventative action to protect New York City’s
water supply and the infrastructure that delivers it, the city will
benefit financially and have a positive environmental impact.
The two underground tunnels that carry water to New York City
residents represent some of the most impressive public infrastructure in the world. The first tunnel was completed in 1917,
the second in 1936. Construction on a third tunnel started in
1970, and, with luck, will be completed within the next decade.
Spanning nearly 60 miles, the new tunnel is “one of the most
complex and intricate engineering projects in the world,” according to the water industry’s website, watertechnology.net.
In constructing the new tunnel, the Department
water system, New York City succeeds at using
of Environmental Protection hopes that over the
sustainability management strategies to protect
next century Water Tunnel 3 will relieve the exist-
its financial and natural resources.
ing tunnels, allowing time for much-needed repairs.
Some experts estimate that about a third of the
Greening new york’s sewer systems
water we draw from our upstate system leaks out
In addition to ensuring that our water supplies are
before it gets to our faucets, so a third tunnel will
clean, the city is trying to reduce its environmental
allow the city to fix the source of these leaks.
impact on surrounding waterways. Major rainstorms
While we may lose a lot of our water supply, the
often cause something called “combined sewer
quality of our water is quite good—so good, in fact,
overflow” in cities with old infrastructure like New
that “the city is not even required to filter it,” as
York’s. Wastewater from our homes travels through
Elizabeth Royte noted in her 2007 New York Times
sewers in the street before arriving at the local
piece, “On the Waterfront.” According to Royte,
treatment plant, and a large amount of rain can
this distinction is shared with only four other major
send a torrent of water through the streets and into
American cities: Boston, Seattle, San Francisco,
sewers, overwhelming treatment facilities and caus-
and Portland, Oregon. New York City’s water is not
ing raw sewage to be dumped into local waterways
filtered in a plant, and, as Royte described, arrives
before it can be treated. The traditional approach
in our taps after just “a shot of chlorine and chasers
to dealing with sewer overflow is to build tanks and
of fluoride, orthophosphate, and sodium hydroxide.”
other facilities designed to hold storm water during
To environmental economists, the natural process
inclement weather and then release it into the sew-
of ecosystem-based water filtration is an “ecological
ers once the storm has ended.
service”; nature takes care of a task that the city
would otherwise have to spend money on.
In fact, the filtration exemption granted by the
A less traditional approach for mitigating
sewer overflow is to build green infrastructure to
capture water. Recently, New York City released
Environmental Protection Agency saves New York
a “Green Infrastructure Plan,” which modifies its
City the $6 billion to $8 billion dollars that it would
existing approach to sewer-pollution control to
cost to build a water filtration plant for the water
include a combination of green and traditional,
coming from the Catskill and Delaware watersheds
“grey” infrastructure. According to the city, in
west of the Hudson River. Filtration-plant operation
addition to capturing 40 percent more storm water
and debt-service payments would require an addi-
by 2030, “the plan will reduce the city’s long-
tional cost of $1 billion per year. While the major-
term sewer management costs by $2.4 billion over
ity of New York City’s water arrives unfiltered from
the next 20 years, helping to hold
west of the Hudson, the rest comes from the Croton
down future water bills.”
Watershed in Westchester and Putnam Counties,
The city’s plan includes grey
which lie east of the Hudson and closer to the city.
infrastructure, such as steel and
New York City is now completing a $1 billion water
concrete tanks and pipes, as well
filtration plant under the Mosholu Golf Course in the
as green infrastructure like green
Bronx to protect the water coming in from the east.
roofs, planted street medians,
To avoid constructing a water-filtration plant
rain barrels, and permeable sur-
for water that comes from west of the Hudson
faces in streets and parking lots.
River, New York City has spent more than $1 bil-
An entirely grey approach would
lion during the last decade to keep development-
have been more expensive in the
related pollution at bay. The cost of protecting
long run, and green infrastructure
upstate water is, of course, cheaper than building
provides more immediate reduc-
and operating a second filtration plant.
tions than grey infrastructure
Because the price of a filtration plant is
does; it takes much less time to
known, we can estimate the monetary value of
plant greenery or put out rain bar-
the natural ecosystem-provided services that cur-
rels than it does to site, design,
rently filter our water: $1 billion annually minus
build, and operate a holding tank.
the approximately $100 million that the city
spends each year to protect the upstate ecosystems. The difference comes to $900 million a
year of found money that we will lose if we do
not protect nearby ecosystems. This illustrates
that what is good for the environment is often
good for one’s bank account. In the case of the
1 6 S I PA N E W S
ecosystems Provide
valuable services
The need for sophisticated green
infrastructure and good management of our natural environment grows with the size and
complexity of the global economy, increasing
city populations, and the stress our consumption places on ecological resources. The move
from overreliance on grey infrastructure to the
incorporation of green techniques is a sign of
sustainability management within New York City’s
government; policymakers are demonstrating a
sophisticated understanding of resource use and
ecosystem impact. Both the system of filtering water upstate and of dealing with combined
sewer overflow are making use of the ecosystem
services provided by the natural environment.
My hope is that New York City will continue to
model its infrastructure systems after its successful water supply system, showing a commitment
to long-term planning, environmental protection,
and cost savings. By working for the future and
reducing pollution, New York City has tapped
into an invaluable financial resource: its natural
ecosystems. By following this path, the city will
continue to benefit from its sustainable water
resource management for decades to come.
Steven Cohen is the executive director of The
Earth Institute at Columbia University. He is also
the director of the Master of Public Administration
Program in Environmental Science and Policy
and director of the Energy and Environment
Concentration at Columbia University’s School of
International and Public Affairs.
Workers on a boat collect trash
from a polluted waterway in Beijing
in July 2007. Chinese anger with
worsening pollution is fuelling more
and more protests, the nation’s top
environmental official said, criticizing local governments that he said
protected factories turning rivers
into “sticky glue.”
China’s World Expo Masks
a Watered-Down Reality
By EmIly IngRAm
T
he 2010 Shanghai World Expo aimed to impress Chinese citizens and the world. In this, it was successful. The
Expo Park welcomed more than 70 million visitors during the six-month event and hosted an unprecedented
246 nations and their staffs. Many of the pavilions were breathtaking: beautiful, architecturally innovative, and
environmentally conscious. The Canadian pavilion doubled as a rainwater collecting structure, Norway’s was
solar powered, and China’s was carbon neutral. China’s Chengdu city display was a “living water park,” a miniature version
of the city’s innovative all-natural water purifying system. In July 2010, halfway through the Expo, the EU approved a large
high-profile investment in China’s first renewable energy-focused private equity firm.
In line with this environmental focus, the official Expo motto in English was “Better City, Better Life.” The Chinese
version,
translated into English as “cities make life more beautiful and happy.” Yet there was a sharp
contrast between the Expo and the rest of Shanghai. Nearly 95 percent of the Expo’s guests were from China, but most
Chinese people have experienced the opposite effect of cities on quality of life in urban and rural areas. As China continues
to develop its economy, it neglects its environmental responsibility. Cities and industrial centers flourish, while rivers, air
quality, and citizens’ health suffer gravely.
S I PA N E W S 1 7
Left to right: The China Pavilion is seen
along the Huangpu River at the Shanghai
World Expo site in Shanghai, March 2010.
Fishermen walk through the muddy bottom
of a polluted canal collecting fish in central
Beijing, October 2010. A worker walks down
the grassland at the construction of the World
Expo Axis in August 2009.
1 8 S I PA N E W S
China is naturally short on water—even before
contamination. The country is home to 20 percent
of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of the
global fresh water supply. As if this weren’t bad
enough, 70 percent of rivers and lakes are too polluted to drink, and 28 percent are not even fit for
irrigation or industrial use, according to the Woodrow
Wilson International Center’s 2007 series on the environment in China. Even Shanghai, a naturally waterrich city, suffers from water shortages. For the rest of
China, which is not as well endowed with water, this
is an ominous sign of what may come to pass.
While Shanghai has benefited from multibilliondollar environmental rehabilitation projects for
its major waterways, the city’s tap water remains
undrinkable—as it is in every Chinese city.
Shanghai let its mask slip more than once during
the Expo months, most notably when the Suzhou
River filled with raw sewage and household waste
following heavy rains in August.
At the Expo, guests could safely drink from designated public water fountains but not bathroom
taps. However, many guests were skeptical of the
fountains, having had negative experiences in their
home provinces drinking publically available, free
water. “I’d rather just spend 10 kuai ($1.50) buying an overpriced bottle of water. Who knows where
that [fountain] water really comes from? Look at
the river,” said an Expo guest surnamed Li.
He was referring to the Huangpu River,
Shanghai’s main waterway, which is already significantly cleaner than it had been 10 years before.
In preparation for the Shanghai Expo, China spent
more than $45 billion cleaning up the city’s waterways and clearing an Expo site on what used to be
two square miles of riverside factories and neighborhoods. Similarly, Suzhou River, the main waterway that flows into the Huangpu, was rescued from
being permanently known by locals as the “black
and stink” by a $1.6 billion rehabilitation project
started in 1998 and partially funded by the Asian
Development Bank.
How was this achieved so quickly? “Of course
they shut down factories for the Expo, just like for
the Olympics in Beijing,” said Xu, a journalist for
a major Shanghai newspaper group. “They didn’t
let anyone report it because it would be too embarrassing. We haven’t seen the sky this blue in over
10 years, and I don’t remember the rivers ever
being this clean.”
China’s state-run media are quick to emphasize
the country’s dedication to meeting world standards
on environmental sustainability. This is not entirely
accurate, although there have been large state-led
efforts aimed at fostering environmental sustainability and rehabilitating regions damaged by pollution.
Chinese media regularly fail to report sources and
levels of pollution and have largely ignored the looming disaster of China’s contaminated water supply.
The media also encourage a sense of apathy among
its citizens, who accept the health hazards of heavy
pollution because they have been told it is necessary
for their country’s economic development.
The U.S. embassy in Beijing keeps a Twitter
account to monitor air pollution and ozone levels. It
usually reads somewhere between “very unhealthy”
and “hazardous.” Such readings correspond to
“very good” or “excellent” readings on China Daily’s
official online pollution updates. Twitter, however,
is blocked in China, so only those who can afford
a virtual private network (VPN) at a cost of roughly
$10 per month (the average net monthly wage
is only $153) can read about the discrepancy
that lies on the other side of the Great Firewall.
Similarly, in 2007, the Shanghai region had its
entire water supply jeopardized by an algae bloom
in an upstream lake located in Taihu. It was caused
by industrial waste but the government called it
a “natural disaster.” Most Chinese are aware their
cities are polluted, but they do not know to what
extent. However, the statistics speak clearly: not one
Chinese city has drinkable tap water.
For poorer residents, who cannot afford bottled
water, this means taking a chance with their health
every time they eat or drink. They make up the
reported 320 million Chinese (a quarter of the
population) who regularly drink water contaminated
by human or industrial waste, as reported by the
state media giant Xinhua.
Wang, a Shanghai resident in his 60s, lives in
a riverside community that has been condemned
by the Shanghai municipal government. With a
resigned sigh, he says, “What can I do about it?
They’re building a new Shanghai. I’ll be relocated
to government-subsidized housing far away from
here, but at least I’ll finally have running water.”
He continues, “Even with running water you
still can’t drink the tap water in Shanghai. We’ve
always boiled it. I’ve never had any big problems,
but I’m lucky to be this old and still healthy. The
water in rural areas has more chemicals in it
because the government doesn’t care. People get
cancer from the water.”
China’s cancer rate has grown by 80 percent in
the last 30 years and now accounts for nearly 20
percent of the country’s deaths. Many Chinese have
no doubt that this was caused by industrial pollution,
but the government does not take responsibility, especially in rural areas. The World Health Organization
estimates that more than 100,000 deaths occur in
China due to water pollution every year.
Stories of China’s “cancer villages” are increasingly common in Western news media. These
riverside communities, which are often remote and
rural, have had exceptionally high rates of cancer
following the opening of nearby industrial parks,
which are notorious for dumping toxic industrial
“Even with running water you still can’t drink the tap
water in Shanghai. We’ve always boiled it. I’ve never
had any big problems, but I’m lucky to be this old and
still healthy. The water in rural areas has more chemicals
in it because the government doesn’t care. people get
cancer from the water.”—WAng, ShAnghAI RESIdEnT
waste into waterways. There are an estimated 459
of these villages, mostly clustered near the eastern
coast of the country.
The major eastern coastal cities, namely, Beijing
and Shanghai, do not suffer from such severe pollution, although they continue to have problems.
When China prepares for its big events, it relocates
polluting industries to remote rural areas, where
public health infrastructure is less developed and
even fewer people have health insurance.
As media coverage on industrial dumping
health scandals has increased, the government has
been forced to take more responsibility, if only to
save face. The existing Water Pollution Prevention
and Control Law, passed in 2008, heavily penalizes
companies for industrial pollution and failing to
report pollution incidents. Despite this, the number of spills and water pollution incidents remains
high, due to corrupt officials and the government’s
tendency to cover up scandals. A few communities have managed to effect change through public protest, but there have been no widespread
movements. This is a combination of the political
climate in China and a belief among citizens that
clean water is not a right but rather a luxury for
developed countries.
“People here don’t have the same power as they
do in America,” says Xu, the Shanghai journalist.
“We can’t protest and change the government—it’s
as futile as punching your fist against a stone wall.”
In many small towns, the only jobs available are in
factories. Fear of losing one’s job keeps rural Chinese
from complaining too much about polluted water.
China has learned to put on a spectacular
show, and it has the economic means to continue
doing so. The grievances of rural Chinese seemed
worlds away from the Shanghai Expo Park, as
they did from Beijing during the 2008 Olympics.
Developing cities at the expense of rural areas is
not a sustainable policy. The Expo showed that
clean urbanization technologies are feasible; now
China must prove that it is up to the challenge of
widespread implementation.
Emily Ingram is a dual degree Master of
International Affairs/Master of Public Affairs student at SIPA and the London School of Economics
and Political Science, class of 2011. Her concentration at SIPA was International Finance and
Economic Policy; she is in the European Public
and Economic Policy MPA stream at LSE. Emily
spent the summer of 2010 working at a major
media corporation in Shanghai, China.
S I PA N E W S 1 9
A Beachgoer’s Duty:
A Surfer and a Fisherman Lead the Way to Curb Runoff Pollution on the Jersey Shore By Laura K. Budzyna
By monitoring fish populations,
Professor John Tiedemann and
his students identify areas that
can be restored or improved for
fish habitats.
2 0 S I PA N E W S
T
he Jersey Shore native is an aquatic animal. Growing up in a town like Sea Girt or Bay Head,
wind-weathered and looking seaward, means pacing your day with the tide. A true Shore resident
can tell you day to day what the water temperature has been, which creatures have been spotted, and, most importantly, whether bacteria levels are dangerously high. Here, contaminated
water is no abstraction: it’s a threat to the way of life of a community built on the ocean.
S I PA N E W S 2 1
sampling the water
1
Choose a time close to
dead low tide.
2
Wearing sterile gloves, attach
sterile, single-use test tubes to the
end of a golf ball retriever.
3
Standing on dry sand,
scoop water about a foot deep.
4
Cap the tube, place it in a cooler,
and return to the laboratory within
six hours.
Testing the water
1
Enterolert ®,
Use
a reagent that
tests for an indicator bacteria
called enterococcus (saltwater).
2
Mix the reagent with distilled water
to make a 1 to 10 dilution.
3
Separate the distillation into five
test tubes, each containing 9 mL
of reagent mixture and 1 mL of
collected seawater.
4
Let incubate for 24 hours
to grow coliforms.
5
Shine a black light on the test
tubes. If the test tube glows, the
water is contaminated. (This roughly
translates to a maximum of 200
fecal coliforms per 100 mL.)
If more than three test tubes are
glowing, it’s not safe to swim.
2 2 S I PA N E W S
Joe Mairo, a biology teacher from Bradley
Beach, knows this all too well, since a morning of
surfing in Asbury Park landed him in the hospital
with an acute MRSA infection. Professor John
Tiedemann of Monmouth University does too, after
algal blooms and oil spills virtually destroyed his
favorite fishing spots on the coast. Both are active
members of the Surfrider Foundation, a national
nonprofit dedicated to marine protection whose
Jersey Shore chapter forms the cornerstone of
environmental activism in Monmouth and Ocean
Counties. Organizations like Surfrider are full of
people like Mairo and Tiedemann: surfers, fishermen, swimmers, boaters, and beachgoers whose
lives and livelihoods are tied up with the quality
of the water they use. It is these stakeholders—
the tan, salty, and perpetually wet—who have led
the way in local initiatives to improve water quality along the shore.
Environmental activism along the Jersey coastline arose in the wake of the Fish Kill of 1976,
when a massive photoplankton bloom depleted
the ocean of oxygen and sickened scores of
beachgoers, crippling both the fishing and tourism
industries. The shore experienced a resurgence
of activism in 1988, when tons of medical waste
washed up in what became known as the “Syringe
Tide,” closing beaches and costing the tourism
industry upward of one billion dollars. These
events were catalysts for local activist groups like
Surfrider and Clean Ocean Action. Shore dwellers
fought for the regulation and elimination of the
eight ocean dumpsites operating off the coast of
New Jersey, which had for decades been depositing contaminants ranging from sewage sludge to
acid waste. Their efforts were rewarded with the
Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act,
which phased out all ocean dumping, and the
Shore began to see marked improvements in bacteria levels in the water.
Still, by the 1990s, improvements reached
a curious plateau. Coastal lakes, bays, and
estuaries continued to suffer from high bacteria
levels and algae blooms, especially after rainfall.
Local scientists and activists soon made the
connection: this pollution did not come from
offshore dumpsites. Rather, the rain was washing runoff from the streets—fertilizer, sediment,
animal waste, oil, trash—into storm drains and
depositing it directly into coastal ponds. This
was providing bacteria with a feast of nutrients
after every rainfall, leading to alarming pathogen
levels and closing shellfish beds and bathing
beaches all along the Monmouth County coastline. Runoff, or what scientists call “nonpoint
source pollution,” was the new enemy of New
Jersey’s beach-going activists.
Testing the waters
Ever since being ill with MRSA, Mairo has
become something of a water quality watchdog.
When he shared his experience with MRSA
at Surfrider, he found that he was not alone.
Many other members had contracted illnesses—
especially earaches, nausea, and skin infections—
after swimming in contaminated waters. Because
a loose collection of complaints was unlikely to
bring enough attention to the issue, Mairo and
the other members decided that these reports
should be documented more formally. The
solution: a website (http://www.surfrider.org/
oceanillness.asp) on which Jersey Shore beachgoers could submit reports of illness. Mairo
designed the interface for the Ocean Illness
Campaign with the help of a fellow tech-savvy
Surfrider volunteer, and he linked it to a popular
surf report site. He counts more than 40 submissions since the site went live last spring. Once
he has collected a large enough body of reports,
he plans to present the data to the affected
towns to move them to action.
Mairo’s mission to alert his neighbors to water
contamination does not stop there. Also through
Surfrider, he founded a local chapter of the Blue
Water Task Force, a program devoted to water
quality monitoring, education, and advocacy. His
students from Wall Township High School now
sample water near the pipes that funnel into the
ocean from the aptly named Wreck Pond, a spot
notorious for its consistently high bacteria levels.
The opportunity to involve his students in this
quest was a bonus for him. In his words, “This
program could connect with what I do to make a
living, and also connect with my passions. It gives
the kids I work with a cool experience and makes
them feel like they’re doing something special.
And they are.”
Mairo’s students collect water samples three
times a month, whenever low tide falls conveniently after school. They clip test tubes to golf
ball retrievers and scoop foot-deep water near the
mouth of each drainpipe. Once they return with
coolers full of test tubes, they begin the lab work,
mixing a diluted reagent with the collected samples. The following day, they shine a black light
on each of the samples. If the specimen glows,
bacteria levels are dangerously high.
These students are doing more than handson learning; they are actually filling a gap
in water testing on the Jersey Shore. While
Monmouth County boasts a particularly aggressive water-testing schedule, promptly posting
signs and beach closings whenever readings
are high, these only take place in the summer.
Mairo explains that high levels are likely to
Tiedemann and a student take a closer look at their
plankton sample. Tiedemann, a marine ecologist and
fisherman, has been involved in water quality initiatives
in Monmouth County for the last three decades.
lawn. Canada geese, whose droppings are a
major culprit in the runoff problem, are attracted
to the lawns around ponds. To drive away the
geese and prevent runoff, he says, “Instead of
grass, plant shrub vegetation along the pond
shorelines. Take the curbs out. Grade the road
so that water runs into the vegetation and it
can act like a biofilter.” These comprehensive,
well-advised renovations result in self-sustaining
coastal ecosystems, rather than a ten-year postponement of the next lake dredging.
To further this vision, Tiedemann has just
founded the Coastal Lake Coalition, made up of
members of Surfrider, smaller lake coalitions,
occur anytime the water temperature is above
60°F and can affect swimmers and surfers
year-round. “We’ve got people surfing in fall
and spring,” he said. “Whenever the sun beats
down on warm, nutrient-rich waters, you’re
going to have a risk of higher levels.” The
students’ work adds valuable data to the threeseason void and spreads awareness to their own
classmates and families.
Investing in an ecosystem
Mairo received a great deal of support, advice,
and materials for his water-testing program from
Professor John Tiedemann, a local expert in
marine ecology. I visited Tiedemann at his office
at Monmouth University to discuss his recent
research on nonpoint source pollution in New
Jersey’s coastal lakes. He himself has a toe in
several ocean user groups: on his faculty website,
he writes, “I’m also always ready to discuss the
latest news on environmental issues in our region,
excellent beach breaks (especially secret spots),
or striper hot spots.”
Tiedemann has witnessed the historical trajectory of Monmouth County’s water quality problems since the days of ocean dumping, and over
the years, he has taken on roles as a regulator,
researcher, teacher, and advisor. One pattern he
has noticed: ordinary citizens, rather than government officials, are the first to move progress
forward. “The government tends to be reactive
rather than proactive. It reacts to a fish kill. It
reacts to a wash up. It reacts to public outrage.”
Local government action is vital, he stresses, and
it must be informed and motivated by the concerns of the residents.
These same residents have been the loudest
voices in the battle to combat pollution of coastal
lakes. “These shallow waterways are receiving so
much runoff,” explained Tiedemann, “and they
don’t flush well. Whatever enters doesn’t leave;
it becomes resident in the pond.” As they watch
their local waterways grow murky, “citizens begin
to react: ‘This lake is supposed to be an asset to
our community, not a retention basin. Who let this
happen? Why did this happen? And what can we
do to fix it?”
Tiedemann and his colleagues at the Urban
Coast Institute (UCI) are trying to answer that
question. His recent article, “The Future of
Coastal Lakes in Monmouth County,” accessible on the UCI website (http://www.monmouth.
edu/urban_coast_institute/), lays out a series of
strategies and recommendations to restore and
maintain coastal ecosystems in the long term.
His prescription is holistic, and it makes recommendations for every point of runoff. Many of
his recommendations are preventative, such as
laws reducing fertilizer use and the creation of
vegetated zones to act as buffers and biofilters
between land and water. Others address lakes
that are already far gone, retrofitting them with
filters and treatment systems, controlling weed
and algae growth, and, when necessary, dredging
the lake.
Tiedemann emphasizes methods that are not
simply quick fixes, but rather options that can
protect against or mitigate future contamination. “Don’t just fix the road; first, think about
whether you could do something environmentally
sound,” he says. He posits an example: a restoration of a town pond surrounded by a manicured
fishermen, residents, and other user groups of
coastal estuaries. Their mission is to act as a
unified voice to make recommendations to local
governments regarding the design of wetland restoration projects. “The technology exists. There
are things that can be done. And they need to be
made part of the planning process.”
Though progress is slow and largely dependent
on grant cycles, Tiedemann can count some significant victories. A grant has just come in from
the Environmental Protection Agency, funding 14
Stormceptors to filter the water funneling into the
ocean from Wreck Pond. Joe Mairo may be happily surprised when his students report fewer and
fewer glowing test tubes, and the warning signs
on the beach are taken down.
Laura K. Budzyna is a first-year Master of
Public Administration in Development Practice
student, scheduled to graduate in May 2012.
She grew up on the Jersey Shore, surrounded by
sandy, salty, and scientific friends whose passion
for clean oceans inspired this article. This story
gave her an exciting opportunity to return to the
community beat she once covered as an intern at
the local Two River Times.
S I PA N E W S 2 3
Left: An ice field in the waters of Prince
William Sound near Valdez, Alaska (August
2008). Right: A farmer sits on the dried
up bed of Rajsamand Lake in the droughtstricken Indian state of Rajasthan.
Mass Freshwater Exports: Alaska’s
BY KELSEY L. CAMPBELL
B
ottled glacial water from Alaska may
soon be a staple in India. With an
ever-growing population and diminishing water flows from the Himalayas,
the Indian subcontinent needs water and needs it
fast. Two-thirds of the glaciers in the Himalayas
are shrinking, causing decreased runoff to ten
tributary rivers, reports Kings College in London.
Altogether, 1.3 billion people—about one-third of
the world’s population—depend on the drainage
from the Himalayan basin.
Enter S2C Global Systems, a San Antonio,
Texas–based firm that specializes in providing
water globally from source to consumer (S2C).
Luckily for S2C, the fishing town of Sitka, off
Alaska’s southeast coast, has a wealth of fresh
water flowing from its mountains. Located on
Baranof Island, Sitka is accessible only by boat or
small plane. With its deepwater port, Sitka harbor
is attractive for large-class vessel use.
A majority of the world’s freshwater is found
near the poles, though most of the world’s population is centered near the equator. Since the populations cannot be easily moved, S2C figures it can
bring the water to these populations.
The notion of a bulk water export business has
2 4 S I PA N E W S
been around since the 1990s, though until now,
no companies have come close to making it a
reality. In the summer of 2010, Alaska Resource
Management, the joint venture between S2C and
True Alaska Bottling, secured the rights to export
2.9 billion gallons of water per year from Sitka’s
Blue Lake Reservoir. The Texas firm secured the
bulk water license at a rate of $.01 per gallon.
If production begins, these sales could provide
between $26 and $90 million in revenue annually
to the city of Sitka.
As of September 2010, S2C was finalizing
legal and logistical plans for its “World Water
Hub,” to be located south of Mumbai, on the
western coast of India. The plans forecast that
this port can receive large tankers carrying 50
million gallons of fresh water from Alaska, which
could then be dispersed to smaller vessels bound
for shallower ports in the Middle East and northern Africa. Water would be distributed in bulk, in
special containers geared toward pharmaceutical
and high-tech manufacturing use and in 10-liter
bottles for consumer purchase.
Rod Bartlett, managing partner of Alaska
Resource Management said, “Every nation within a
four-day target of the hub is a potential customer
or client that will need fresh water.” Should operations be successful, this would be the world’s first
large-volume export of water via tanker.
Water has been traded internationally for
some time now, though in much smaller volumes and more regionally. Greece, for instance,
has been shipping water to the island of Aegina
since 1997. Singapore imports fresh water from
Malaysia while it builds a desalination plant.
Turkey had planned to sell water to Israel, but
diplomatic tensions arising from the flotilla raid in
May 2010 have suspended business arrangements
for the time being.
A major challenge for S2C will be competing
with desalination plants in their target market.
Currently, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait depend almost
completely on desalinated seawater. Saudi Arabia
has such a lack of fresh water that it has built 27
desalination plants, including the largest plant in
the world. Its water problems are so severe that
the kingdom once proposed towing an iceberg
from Antarctica to the Gulf for use as fresh water.
Desalinated water costs about $1 per cubic meter,
which includes the capital and operating costs of
the desalination plant. According to Bartlett, the
fresh water shipped from Alaska to India has an
Latest Cash Crop Heads to India
estimated cost of $18 per cubic meter. The shipping time would also necessitate further processing before the fresh water would be ready to sell.
In order to turn a profit, the company will have to
mark up prices.
THE POLITICS OF WATER
For those of us with immediate access to potable
water, S2C’s global water venture sounds improbable, but the company may actually be visionary.
Grail Research predicts that by 2025 three billion
people will live below the “water stress” threshold. These populations will primarily be in rapidly
developing countries, such as India and China.
Flawed business management by either S2C or
True Alaska Bottling (both companies have experienced past business blunders) could keep this
vision purely a pipe dream.
The town of Sitka has been promoting itself as
a source for water export sales since 1999. Sitka
Mayor Scott McAdams commented in May 2010,
“There’s not a lot of opposition to it. In this borough we have 8,600 people, but we have a renewable resource of water that could meet the needs
of a metropolitan area. We do have excess water.”
Peter Gleick, a scientist, water expert, and
president of the Pacific Institute for Studies in
Development, Environment and Security, remains
skeptical of SC2’s plans. “I think it’s a dream,”
he said. “I don’t think bulk water transfers of
any significant volume are ever going to happen,
because the cost of moving water, especially
across the ocean, is so high.”
Canadian groups are not excited about the
removal of bulk water from North America. Maude
Barlow, the chair of the Council of Canadians, a
citizens group, said, “There is a common assumption that the world’s water supply is huge and
infinite. This assumption is false. At some time in
the near future, water bankruptcy will result.” In
2004 she declared, “The wars of the future are
going to be fought over water.”
Barlow endorsed a 1999 paper from the
Canadian Environmental Law Association that
claimed water as a public good, rather than as
a commodity to be sold. Water shipped overseas
would end up being affordable only to affluent
populations, further deepening the gap between
rich and poor.
Very few steps can be taken at this point to
rapidly reduce the populations in Asia or increase
their natural resources. Shipping and selling bulk
water to people in need may be a smart business
venture, providing the supply where the demand
exists. At the same time, extraction could produce
unwanted side effects, including possible damage to Alaska’s biodiversity, local ecology, or even
weather patterns.
Alaska has a long dependence on natural
resources for fast cash. After the United States purchased the land from Russia, the gold rush and oil
boom began. Alaska does not collect sales or income
taxes but sustains its budget purely on rents from oil
companies operating on the North Slope. Recently,
the push has been to extract natural gas from the
northern territories, a dangerous procedure. Water
may now become the new cash crop.
Kelsey L. Campbell is a second-year Master
of International Affairs student concentrating in
Economic and Political Development. Prior to
SIPA, she was stationed in Alaska for four years
while serving in the Air Force. Her time in the 49th
state gave her up-close experience with many of
the resource issues to be tackled in this century.
S I PA N E W S 2 5
INSIDE
SIPA
notes from the Field: water in haiti By Megan Rapp
a
fter the devastating earthquake in Port-auPrince, on January 12, 2010, Haiti is still
struggling to recover. The reconstruction
phase has been tumultuous, and the recent
outbreak of cholera has compounded the challenge of obtaining clean water in this fragile state.
I was caught in the earthquake in Port-au-Prince
together with Professor Elisabeth Lindenmayer
and five other SIPA students. We were conducting field interviews for a yearlong research project
on the private sector’s potential for state building
and spent the immediate hours and days following the catastrophe helping victims of the quake.
When May 2010 came and my first year at SIPA
ended, I was anxious to be back in Haiti helping
the recovery efforts. I spent the summer working
for the United Nations Environment Programme on
fuel-efficient cookstove strategies and attending
UN WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) cluster
meetings to gain a better understanding of the
water resource situation in the country.
Before the earthquake struck, most Haitians
struggled to access clean water. What may come
as a surprise is that after the earthquake, many
Haitians living in the managed tent cities around
the capital saw their water situation improve.
While working in the internally displaced persons
(IDP) camps in Port-au-Prince, I met Esther, a
Haitian teenage girl who lived there. Among her
many daily struggles, obtaining potable water
seemed to be one of the more manageable tasks.
Esther’s mornings begin at 5:00 a.m., when she
walks to the nearest borehole to get water for
her washings. She waits in line, chats with the
other women and children getting water, and then
returns to her tent. But Esther knows this water
is not drinkable; in fact, most Haitians know this
and will either treat the borehole water or use it
solely for washing laundry. Instead, Esther typically consumes potable water from purchased
sachets and bottles, but the excessive expense
wears on her budget and the six family members
she supports. Postearthquake, Esther was presented with a new option: water-trucking services. In
some of the managed camps, free, clean drinking
water is trucked in daily. This service has provided
thousands of Haitians in the camps with easy
access to potable water.
More than 1.4 million people were living
in nearly 1,300 IDP camps scattered around
Port-au-Prince as of August 2010. The “lucky”
inhabitants, like Esther, are in camps managed
by well-resourced international nongovernmental
organizations. Yet the recent outbreak of cholera in Haiti has demonstrated how difficult the
management and distribution of clean water in a
crisis environment can be. Water-trucking services
were scheduled to end their free distributions in
January 2011, on the one-year anniversary of the
earthquake, but exit strategies have been tabled
for the time being. Eventually, however, the international organizations will have to leave. What will
happen then, when another of Haiti’s few clean
water sources dries up?
Megan A. Rapp will graduate with a Master of
International Affairs in May 2011 and is focusing
her studies on energy and development. Megan
began working in Haiti in 2005 with educational
and environmental NGOs. She currently works
with the United Nations Environment Programme’s
Post-Conflict and Disaster Management branch in
Haiti on fuel-efficient cookstove efforts.
INSIDE
S I PA
Powering our Future: Leaders in Global energy By Alex Burnett
P
eople strolling down Columbia’s College
Walk on the morning of November 5
witnessed an unusual site: a futuristic,
bright blue vehicle zipping across the
sidewalk. It was the new zero-emission Nissan
LEAF, which was on campus to demonstrate environmentally sustainable transportation.
The car was part of SIPA’s Leaders in Global
Energy lecture series. Nissan Executive Vice
President Carlos Tavares and a team of company
designers and marketers offered an overview of
the LEAF as a means to meet some of the challenges posed by climate change.
“There is no tailpipe in a Nissan LEAF because
there are no tailpipe emissions,” said Tavares.
“This is what we call the ultimate solution.”
Creating sustainable energy while protecting
the environment and reaffirming corporate citizenship is one of the great challenges of this century.
The Leaders in Global Energy series, supported by
a gift from EDP-Energias de Portugal, is a centerpiece of SIPA’s initiative to identify solutions. The
lectures were organized and moderated by Visiting
Professor Manuel Pinho, former Portuguese minister of economy and innovation.
Other Leaders in Global Energy speakers
included Nobuo Tanaka, executive director of the
International Energy Agency; Andris Piebalgs,
European Union development commissioner; and
Fatih Birol, chief economist of the International
Energy Agency.
Tanaka said that the world would require a
global transformation in how energy is produced
and consumed. He indicated that fossil fuels will
continue to provide much of the world’s energy
but must be made more expensive.
“We are now saying that the cheap energy
age is simply over,” Tanaka said. “In the 21st
century, we must have a different paradigm—
high energy prices.”
Energy and development are inextricably
linked, said Piebalgs, former energy commissioner for the European Union. He noted that fewer
than 8 percent of people in rural, sub-Saharan
Africa have access to electricity.
“Without access to electricity, how can we
pretend that people have the chance to pull
themselves out of poverty?” he said.
SIPA also hosted several world leaders in energy
and sustainable development, including José Manuel
Barroso, president of the European Commission, and
José Sócrates, prime minister of Portugal.
Global experts in Philanthropy and sustainability Join sIPa By Alex Burnett
s
IPA welcomed several new faculty
and researchers during the fall 2010
semester:
Yuen Ang, assistant professor of international and
public affairs, focuses on China, political science,
institutions, and development. She is affiliated
with the Weatherhead East Asian Institute and the
Committee on Global Thought.
Benjamin Orlove, professor of international and
public affairs, focuses on climate and society,
with an emphasis on water, natural hazards, and
the loss of iconic landscapes. He is a senior
research scientist at the International Research
Institute for Climate and Society and is one of
the four co-directors of the Center for Research in
Environmental Decisions.
Olle Folke, assistant professor of international
and public affairs, teaches economics and environmental policy. His research centers on applied
political economics and environmental economics.
Manuel Pinho was a visiting professor during fall
2010. Pinho is director of the International Energy
MBA at the Lisbon Institute in Portugal. Previously
he was minister of economy and innovation of the
Portuguese government and served in Parliament.
Suresh Naidu, assistant professor in economics and international and public affairs, teaches
economics, political economy, and development.
His research focuses on labor and development
economics, and economic history.
Joan Spero is an adjunct senior research scholar.
She is a SIPA alumna and former president of the
Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. Spero is working to advance and engage students in research and
writing about international philanthropy, particularly
philanthropy during the Cold War and challenges to
philanthropy in the post–Cold War era.
Laurence Tubiana was a visiting professor during fall 2010. She was appointed under the
Columbia-Paris Alliance Program, teaching a
doctoral course on the politics of sustainable
development. Tubiana served as director of Global
Public Goods in the French Ministry of Foreign
and European Affairs, director of the Sustainable
Development Center at Sciences Po, and is
founder/director of the Institute for Sustainable
Development and International Relations.
Akbar Zaidi is a visiting professor for 2010–2011,
focusing on development, governance, and
political economy in South Asia. He holds a joint
appointment with SIPA and the Department of
Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies.
Alex Burnett is communications officer at SIPA.
S I PA N E W S 2 7
INSIDE
SIPA
alumni news
17,000 strong: staying Connected with sIPa alumni around the Globe
By Daniela Francesca Coleman
I
n case you haven’t noticed—the SIPA alumni
community has grown to more than 17,000
graduates currently living in 153 countries.
It’s quite daunting to imagine that no matter
what remote part of the world your work and live in,
chances are, you have a classmate—and a friend—
nearby. This can be quite comforting when travelling to new distant lands, foreign cities, or remote
and deserted out-of-the-way locations throughout
the world. Let’s face it. SIPA alumni are always on
the move. The best way to keep up with them is
to link up with them: Facebook, LinkedIn, and the
SIPA Online database are just a few simple ways to
keep in touch.1
Besides being ubiquitous, our alumni are also
an active group of individuals. Many of our SIPA
graduates hold leadership positions in the global
Columbia Alumni Club Network. If you haven’t
checked out what your local Columbia Club is organizing, make it one of your New Year’s resolutions.
This past fall, SIPA had the opportunity to
meet some of our graduates around the world.
save The DaTes
SIPA Dean John H. Coatsworth met with alumni in
Bogotá, Colombia, to talk about President Obama’s
Latin American policy, and in Toronto, Canada,
to update alumni on the state of the School;
Professor Ken Prewitt lectured in San Francisco
to alumni on the role of “race” in the U.S. census
taking; Professor Dorian Warren held a candid
conversation on the U.S. midterm elections and
Obama’s presidency in Washington, D.C. In New
York City, the Picker Center celebrated its tenth
anniversary; SIPA alumnus and terrorism expert
Mitchell Silber (MIA ’05) held an off-the-record
dinner conversation with alumni on “The Al-Qaeda
Threat from the NYPD Perspective”; International
Fellows heard from Jean-Marie Guéhenno (director, Center for International Conflict Resolution)
on “From Afghanistan to the Democratic Republic
of the Congo: Fragile States and the New Security
Challenges”; and SIPA Advisory Board member
Nemir Kirdar spoke to alumni on his latest book,
Saving Iraq: Rebuilding a Broken Nation. In
addition, thanks to the support of the Columbia
University Club Network, happy hours, social
events, and career networking opportunities were
held in numerous cites around the globe.
To benefit from the SIPA network, it’s important
to stay connected. If you aren’t hearing from us,
it’s likely that we don’t have your contact information. (Send us a note so that we can update our
records. E-mail: [email protected].)
We are looking forward to seeing you soon. Stay
tuned for our future travels to a city near you.
SIPA alumni can reconnect with each other on
Facebook at “Columbia University, SIPA,” on the
LinkedIn group “The School of International and
Public Affairs (SIPA) at Columbia University Alumni
Network,” and on the Alumni Connections online
database at www.alumniconnections.com/sipa
1
Daniela Francesca Coleman is director of
alumni affairs at SIPA.
Thursday, April 14, 2011
Eleventh Annual Global Leadership Awards Dinner
Honorees include WITNESS and Mitchell Silber, MIA ’05,
Director of the NYPD Intelligence Division’s Analytic and Cyber Units
Mandarin Oriental, New York
Saturday, April 16, 2011
SIPA Alumni Day
Featuring “PBS Nightly Business Report” anchor Susie Gharib, MIA ’74
Faculty House, Columbia University
More information on both events will be available at
www.sipa.columbia.edu
2 8 S I PA N E W S
INSIDE
S I PA
Development news: Giving Back in honor of mom By Tim Shenk
a
nu Jayanti, the global head of foreign
exchange sales for Citi and a SIPA
Advisory Board member, is donating
$100,000 to the School’s endowment
as a tribute to her mother.
Jayanti was born in London to Indian parents
and spent most of her childhood in Costa Rica.
Her mother, Ranjit Jayanti, worked for several UN
agencies, eventually spending 20 years as an officer of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR).
Jayanti credits her mother with exposing her
to humanitarian concerns. The elder Jayanti
worked extensively with Ethiopian refugees in
Djibouti in the 1980s and administered camps for
Vietnamese refugees in Hong Kong in the 1990s.
“I went with her to see the Vietnamese camps,”
Jayanti recalls. “That was pretty moving.”
Anu Jayanti holds a master’s degree in economics from the London School of Economics and
Political Science and is fluent in five languages.
Though not a graduate of SIPA, she joined the
board because she believes in the School’s mission of empowering future leaders to serve the
global public interest, from addressing human
rights violations to achieving environmental sustainability.
“Any number of the big issues that you can
think about on the global stage—at some level
SIPA’s teaching affects those issues,” Jayanti says.
As a specialist in foreign exchange, Jayanti
has worked for major financial firms, including
Salomon Brothers International, Merrill Lynch
International, JP Morgan, and UBS Warburg.
At Citi, Jayanti manages a global sales and
marketing team and travels widely. She says that
her work has taught her the importance of understanding the world’s interconnectedness, whether
one is in the private or public sector.
Jayanti notes that Citi is one of the biggest
employers of SIPA graduates, and many have done
well at the company. “I’m very keen to see SIPA
students among our ranks here,” she says.
For Jayanti, giving to SIPA is part of a tradition
of social engagement that stretches through the
generations of her family.
Ranjit Jayanti recalls how, growing up in
India’s Punjab region, her own parents taught her
the social values of their Sikh religion, including
integrity, honesty, and the idea that service to
humankind is service to God.
“Our environment was such that you saw the
raw face of human suffering and poverty every day
around us,” she recalls.
Ranjit Jayanti says she would encourage SIPA
students to go into humanitarian work if they
believe it is their calling. It helps to develop a
particular field of expertise, she says, and to be
prepared for challenges.
With UNHCR, she was often deployed to
hardship locations—borders between countries
where refugees gathered and there was no infrastructure to accommodate them. Between Chad
and Sudan, for example, she and her colleagues
had to construct latrines out of cardboard boxes.
Violence from angry or traumatized refugees was
not uncommon.
Yet Ranjit Jayanti looks back fondly on her
career. “Humanitarian work can give you so much
satisfaction,” she says.
As a retiree, Ranjit Jayanti volunteers as the
UN representative of Guild of Service, an Indian
organization that empowers women and children,
with a particular emphasis on widows.
Anu Jayanti notes that, like her mother, many
SIPA students come from around the world and
are committed to giving back to their home countries. She believes it is important for SIPA to
build its endowment in order to provide tuition
assistance to talented students from underdeveloped countries who could not otherwise afford to
attend.
Donations like hers—of $100,000 or above—
will be matched on an equal basis by funds
earmarked for SIPA’s endowment by the late
Columbia University benefactor John Kluge.
Tim Shenk, MIA ’11, is concentrating in
Human Rights. He is a program assistant in the
Office of External Relations and Communications
at SIPA.
S I PA N E W S 2 9
The International Fellows Program:
A Unique Course of Graduate Study
The International Fellows Program (IFP) is a two-semester seminar open to students of graduate degree programs at Columbia University. It comprises Fellows from
a variety of professional backgrounds, intellectual perspectives, and nationalities. The
IFP, which celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2010, continues its commitment to examining the complex issues of international affairs and teaching the tools of international
problem solving.
Throughout both semesters, students meet with current practitioners and outside
speakers, write and present policy papers, and visit the United Nations and key policymakers in Washington, D.C.
Program Director: Stephen Sestanovich is the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis
Professor at SIPA, whose professional interests include American foreign policy, postSoviet affairs, and strategic planning. Ambassador Sestanovich’s diverse career includes
senior positions in the U.S Department of State and the National Security Council
and at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Apply to the International Fellows Program
Application Deadline: March 4, 2011, 5:00 p.m.
For information about eligibility and an application:
www.sipa.columbia.edu/ifp
3 0 S I PA N E W S
CLASS NOTES
Class notes
S I PA
Compiled by Denise Lee and Mitzi Pelle
1953
arlette (moldaver)
laurent, mia
After graduating from SIPA,
Arlette Laurent had a very fulfilling career in the diplomatic
service of the European Commission in Brussels. Her last
posting was as chargé d’affaires
of the EU Delegation to the
UN. She would be very happy
to connect with graduates from
her class.
1954
cecile brunswick, mia
Cecile Brunswick is pleased to
announce the publication of two
of her drawings in the spring
2010 issue of the international
online magazine On the Issues
Magazine. Her work illustrates
the article “Students Blow the
Whistle on Sexual Violence.”
To read the article, visit: www.
ontheissuesmagazine.com
1957
peter d. ehrenhaft, mia
Peter Ehrenhaft graduated
from SIPA in 1957, the same
year that he received his
LLB from Columbia Law
School, finishing Columbia’s
unique seven-year program
that granted an AB from the
College, an LLB from the Law
School, and an MIA from SIPA.
He pursued a law career that
began with clerkships at the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the
D.C. Circuit and then as senior
clerk to Chief Justice Earl Warren at the U.S. Supreme Court.
Ehrenhaft served as deputy
assistant secretary of the
Treasury (Tariff Affairs) during
the Carter administration and
for 30 years as an Air Force
reserve judge advocate. He
retired as a colonel after tours
as the reserve executive to the
judge advocate general and as a
judge of the Court of Military
Review. Most of his professional life has been devoted
to private practice focused on
transnational transactions. Ehrenhaft was recently awarded
the honor of “Distinguished
Alumnus of the Year 2010”
from the Columbia Law School
Alumni Association.
1966
howard cox, if
Venture capitalist Howard
Cox was elected to the Board
of Trustees of the Population
Council, effective July 1, 2010.
Cox is an advisory partner at
Greylock Partners, a national
venture capital firm with which
he has been associated for
38 years. Greylock invests in
health care, software, and data
communications. The Population Council conducts research
worldwide to improve policies,
programs, and products in
three areas: HIV and AIDS;
poverty, gender, and youth; and
reproductive health.
1973
curtis shaw, if
Curtis S. Shaw is executive vice
president and general counsel
of Styron, a leading global
materials company dedicated to
delivering innovate thinking to
its customers. He is responsible
for all legal affairs for Styron
and is a member of the Styron
Executive Leadership Team.
Shaw brings to Styron a 35-year
career as an accomplished
corporate lawyer with extensive
experience in the global chemicals and materials industry,
specializing in mergers and
acquisitions, joint ventures, public
offerings, financings, and federal
securities and antitrust law.
1976
Jeffrey kashida, mia
Jeffrey Kashida recently
accepted a position at Koto
Inc., located in Los Angeles,
as CEO/president. Kashida
recently was employed at JHK
International as partner/director. He writes, “It is not exactly
a change because I remain a
partner for JHK International
Partners. The new company
is a U.S. company, a group of
number one collectible toy
companies in Japan. We manufacture and supply collectible
toys under major licensors
of the U.S. entertainment
industry, including Marvel,
DC Comics, Sony Pictures,
Paramount Pictures, Microsoft,
Sega, Activation, etc.”
1980
richard Jones, mia
Richard Jones was recently
recognized on “The Top
100 Wirehouse Advisors in
America” list in the September
2010 edition of Registered Rep.
Magazine, with a ranking of
23 this year. He has nearly
30 years of experience in the
financial services business and
is part of the Private Banking and Investment Group at
Merrill Lynch. Jones is also on
the boards of Bet Tzedek Legal
Services and The Fraternity of
Friends of the Performing Arts
Center of Los Angeles.
1981
gary hayes, mia
Gary Hayes’ book, Leading in
Turbulent Times, with co-author
Kevin Kelly, the CEO of
Heidrick and Struggles, was recently published in the United
States by Barrett-Koehler
Publishers and in the UK by
Pearson Education Limited.
The book presents the findings
of interviews with more than
30 CEOs around the world
and their experiences dealing
with the impact of the recent
financial meltdown. In addition
to the obvious need for rigorous cost cutting and increased
risk management, three key
ingredients of successful leaders
were identified: passion, people
(communication), and vision.
1982
susan greenhalgh, cerT
In her new book, The Rise
and Politics of Population, Susan
Greenhalgh, professor of
anthropology at the University
of California, Irvine, and one
of the foremost authorities
on China’s one-child policy,
focuses on China during the
first ten years of the 21st century. After decades of viewing
population as a hindrance to
modernization, China’s leaders
are now equating it with human
capital and redefining it as a
positive factor in the nation’s
transition to a knowledgebased economy. Professor
Greenhalgh argues that the
vital politics of population have
been central to the globalizing
agenda of the reform state.
Thomas vinje, if
The global law firm Clifford
Chance recently announced
that Thomas Vinje will take
on the leadership of its highly
respected Global Antitrust
Group, along with Oliver Bretz.
Vinje, who is based in Brussels,
will become chair of the Global
Antitrust Practice, with a focus
on the group’s overall strategy
and high-level leadership, with
a particular emphasis on the
United States and Asia. He has
worked with a host of major
antitrust matters, including
merger clearance for Oracle’s
acquisition of Sun Microsystems and Nokia’s acquisition of
Symbian, as well as successfully
representing major IT industry
associations pursuing Microsoft
for market dominance.
1985
mallika dutt, mia
Mallika Dutt, founder,
president, and CEO of Breakthrough, launched the global
expansion of its award-winning
Bell Bajao Campaign (Hindi for
“Ring the Bell”) at the Opening
Plenary of the 2010 Clinton
Global Initiative in New York
City on September 21, 2010.
The campaign calls on men and
boys to take a stand against
domestic violence. In addition,
the Bell Bajao Campaign was
recently awarded a Silver Lion
at the Cannes International
Advertising Film Festival and
the “gold” for Best Integrated
Campaign at the Spikes Asia
2010 Advertising Festival.
1986
karen (panton)
walking-eagle, mpa
Karen Panton WalkingEagle recently joined the
U.S. Department of Education in Washington, D.C., as
an attorney in the Office for
Civil Rights. Prior to this, she
worked in the field of education research and policy with
a focus on K–12 education
reform and on issues affecting
the education of children and
S I PA N E W S 3 1
CLASS NOTES
SIPA
youth in low-income communities. She lives with her husband
and sons in Fairfax, Virginia,
and would love to hear from
fellow classmates who live in
the D.C. metropolitan area.
1990
Justin friedman, mia,
cerT
Justin Friedman was recently
promoted to director, Office of
Export Control Cooperation,
at the Department of State in
Washington, D.C. “I assumed
this position in July 2009. As
director, I lead a 90-person
team, working with over
60 countries to advance the
United States’ nonproliferation
objectives. The Export Control
and Border Security (EXBS)
program is a $53.9 million
annual program of training and
technical assistance to improve
partner nations’ capacities
to regulate, detect, deter,
intercept, and seize weapons of
mass destruction, their components, and delivery systems.”
sarah (pressman)
lovinger, mia
Sarah Pressman Lovinger is
a practicing MD who has
returned to global issues in the
past two years. As executive
director of the Chicago chapter
of Physicians for Social Responsibility, Lovinger works to
rally physicians to address climate change, protect the Great
Lakes, and push for nuclear
disarmament. A passionate
local food advocate, Lovinger
taught a class at Northwestern
University on climate change
and human health and also
blogs about these issues for the
Huffington Post. Lovinger lives
in Evanston, Illinois, with her
husband, David, and daughter,
Natalie, and would love to hear
from any SIPA alums.
michael malefakis, mia
Michael Malefakis began his
3 2 S I PA N E W S
appointment as associate dean
for Executive Education at
Columbia Business School on
November 9, 2010. He will
be responsible for leading the
Executive Education team in
the creation and delivery of
high quality custom and open
enrollment executive education
programs worldwide.
alex Zucker, mia
On October 21, 2010, Alex
Zucker received the 2010
National Translation Award
from the American Literary
Translators Association, for his
translation from Czech of the
novel All This Belongs to Me, by
Petra Hulová. There were 109
books nominated for the award
and 15 finalists.
Corporation in Washington,
D.C., and is also involved in
various activities throughout
the greater Washington metro
area, as well as doing independent consulting.
mahvash hassan, mpa
Mahvash Hassan is a consultant
for the Public Engagement
and Collaborative Governance
program of the Institute for
Local Government (www.
ca-ilg.org). She is working on
inclusive public engagement
and immigrant engagement and
integration projects that support city and county staff and
elected officials in California.
o
1994
steven fainaru, mia
Steve Fainaru is currently working as the managing editor for
News for the Bay Citizen in San
Francisco. He worked for 10
years at the Washington Post and
received the Pulitzer Prize for
international reporting in 2008
for his series on abuses involving private security contractors
in Iraq. He is the author of
two books: The Duke of Havana:
Baseball, Cuba and the Search for the
American Dream and Big Boy Rules:
America’s Mercenaries Fighting in Iraq.
1996
shelly (pettigrew)
gardeniers, mia
Shelly Gardeniers moved
back to her native Maryland
in October 2009 with her
husband, Ton Gardeniers and
their two children (Lucas and
Jacob). Gardeniers had moved
to London in 1997 to work
for Rabobank and then to the
Netherlands in 1999, where she
worked for Royal Ahold, Sara
Lee, and Randstad. She is currently on the Board of Directors
of the Transitional Housing
nicole reynolds, mia
Nicole Reynolds writes, “After
a career in the private sector, I
left to do something closer to
why I went to SIPA in the first
place. Currently, I’m serving as
a senior financial markets and
business development adviser
to the Economic Policy Reform
and Competitiveness Project in
Mongolia, funded by USAID.
I’m working with the central
bank on bank capital sufficiency
standards and restructurings,
with commercial banks on loan
workouts and with the credit
information bureau to set up
a new credit monitoring and
scoring agency to stimulate the
growth of consumer and commercial credit markets. I’m also
doing corporate training with
bankers in financial analysis
and corporate governance. It’s
pretty challenging to try to
change the mindset of a former
communist country to adapt the
practices of a market economy
but I’m having a lot fun.”
1997
katherine metres, mia, if
Since founding her own
company a year ago, Katherine
Metres added a second division
to Your Edge for Success (YES).
YES Education still offers test
prep, tutoring, writing and editing, admissions, and scholarship
services (including by Internet).
The company has also been doing a fair amount of grant writing. The newer division, YES
Wellness, offers Nikken’s breakthrough wellness technologies
and a business opportunity. She
would love to explore if either
of these are right for fellow
alumni or students.
carrie simon, mia, if
Carrie Simon founded
Washington Wine 9, located
in Seattle, Washington. After
more than 12 years in hedge
fund marketing, including more
than three as an independent
consultant, Simon left financial
services and launched a travel
planning service to Washington
State’s wine country. Please
contact her so she can
help plan your trip: www.
washingtonwine9.com
heather higginbotham
ward, mia
Heather Higginbotham Ward
is director of International
Programs and co-director of the
Spencer Center for Civic and
Global Engagement at Mary
Baldwin College in Staunton,
Virginia, where she and her
family relocated from New
York City in 2001. She keeps
in touch with Rini Banerjee and
recently reconnected with Haifa
Hammami, and she’d love to
hear from other classmates.
1998
leonard costa, mia
Leonard Costa is now director
of Social Media, Interactive, and
External Relationships at the
CFA Institute in New York City.
anisa kamadoli costa, mia
Anisa Kamadoli Costa was appointed president of the Tiffany
& Co. Foundation, effective
September 1, 2010. In addition
to her appointment as foundation
president, she holds the title
of vice president, Corporate
Social Responsibility. Costa
has more than 11 years of
experience in philanthropy and
a keen understanding of the
foundation’s issue areas and the
broader role that philanthropy
plays in affecting change. She
also plays a leadership role in
several external philanthropic
organizations, including currently serving as vice chair of
the Board of the Environmental
Grantmakers Association.
patrick Tiefenbacher, mia
Patrick Tiefenbacher and Justin
Andrew are happy to announce
their marriage on February 5,
2010, in Connecticut. After five
years together in three different
countries—and triggered by the
U.S. Transportation Security
Administration—the couple got
married with one week’s notice.
1999
gabriella (dahlstrom)
barschdorff, mia
Gabriella Barschdorff recently
met up with some other SIPA
graduates Rebecca Engel (MIA
’01) and Tara Rangarajan (nee
Gruzen, MIA ’99) in Ho Chi
Minh City. Barschdorff lives
in New York with her husband
and children and works at J.P.
Morgan.
carolyn miles garber,
mia
Carolyn Miles Garber has
been appointed director of
development at the University
of Texas’s Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs.
Garber was a director for
Public Strategies Inc., before
coming to the University. She
has experience in corporate
development, policy research,
consulting on public opinion
and financial campaigns, and
international nonprofit work.
Garber will work closely with
the dean’s office, the school’s
CLASS NOTES
faculty and centers, the Lyndon
Baines Johnson Foundation,
and the university’s central
development office.
Tokumbo shobowale, mia
Tokumbo E. O. Shobowale is
the chief of staff to the deputy
mayor for economic development of New York City. In
this capacity, he coordinates
economic policy development
for the Office of the Mayor, as
well as oversight of more than
a dozen agencies—including
those responsible for affordable
housing financing, construction, and preservation; city
planning; business services,
and workforce development;
tax policy and tax collections;
business attraction and retention; and economic development broadly across the five
boroughs of New York City.
2000
mary beth corazzini, mpa
Mary Beth Corazzini is currently a program officer of the
Citi Foundation in New York.
Her responsibilities include
managing the Arts and Culture
portfolio and the selection
of Citi mentors and summer
internship placements for Citi
scholarship recipients, as well as
the Academy of Finance local
grants program for high schools
throughout the United States.
clark griffith, mia, cerT
Clark Griffith recently
accepted a position at GE
Capital Japan in Tokyo, as
senior vice president. He writes,
“I recently returned to Tokyo,
and GE, for my third stint in
Japan after nine years working
in the USA (for GE Capital
and Union Bank). GE Capital’s
Structured Finance team relocated me to Tokyo in order to
help develop a new asset-based
and cash flow–lending platform,
one of the few companies offering such financial products in
this market. Given some recent
changes to Japan’s legal system,
it seemed like a good time to
return to Tokyo for this exciting
and entrepreneurial endeavor.”
2001
Jessica (smith) bobadilla,
mia
Jessica Smith Bobadilla (formerly Jessica Erin Kouymjian
Smith) is pleased to announce
the opening of a third office as
an addition to her law practice.
The firm, the Law Office of
Jessica Smith Bobadilla, a
PLC, specializes in all areas
of immigration and nationality law, including professional
visas, changes of diplomatic
status, family petitions, court
representation, and consular
processing matters. The firm
has locations in San Francisco,
Fresno, and now Los Angeles.
Bobadilla also serves as an advisor to the Consulate of Mexico
regarding migration/immigration issues. She is also chair for
Latino Outreach for the Fresno
County Democratic Central
Committee.
ferry pausch, mia
Ferry Pausch recently became
the managing director of
Deutschlandstiftung Integration, a foundation that aims
to promote tolerance and
exchange between people of
different national, cultural, and
social backgrounds.
rita soni, mia
Rita Soni was appointed CEO
of the NASSCOM Foundation
(NF), the social development
arm of NASSCOM, India’s
premier information technology (IT) industry body. Soni
will strengthen the efforts of
the IT industry toward inclusive
growth, build strategic relationships, and establish effective links
between industry, nonprofits, and
government to contribute to the
cause of social development.
gabriel stricker, mia
Gabriel Stricker is currently the
director of Global Communications and Public Affairs for
Google, Inc. in Mountain View,
California, where he heads
Search communications, addressing everything from Web
search and other search properties (such as maps, earth, news,
and books) to issues pertaining
to partnerships, content, and
the use of intellectual property.
2002
guillaume delvallee, mia
Guillaume Delvallee was recently
assigned to the General Consulate of France in Shanghai, as
deputy consul general for public
affairs. Delvallee was previously
employed at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs in Paris, before
moving to the Permanent
Representation of France to the
European Union in 2007, as
consumer policy, public procurement, and EP affairs attaché.
eben forbes, mia
Eben Forbes recently relocated
to Myanmar, where he is a
program officer (advocacy and
protection) at UN-HABITAT.
stephanie meade, mia
Stephanie Meade recently
launched a new online magazine, InCultureParent.com, for
parents raising little global
citizens. InCultureParent focuses
on culture, language, and tradition to appeal to parents raising
multi/bicultural and multi/bilingual children as well as parents
interested in global parenting
practices. InCultureParent is a
new kind of parenting magazine that offers viewpoints from
around the world. She thinks
it could appeal to a lot of SIPA
parents, so please check it out:
http://incultureparent.com
2003
dara (wax) erck, mia
Dara (Wax) Erck and Dan Erck
are proud to announce the
birth of a baby boy, Samuel
Lawrence. He was born on June
9, 2010, in New York City and
weighed 7 lb., 6 oz. Leo is very
excited to be a big brother.
carla sapsford, mia
Carla Sapsford is now the news
and programming director for
Malaysia’s only business radio
station, BFM 89.9. She’s trying
to push the envelope on free
speech and a free press, within
limits. Carla recently married and
doesn’t know which role is more
satisfying—news or spousedom!
2004
daniel cohen, mia
Daniel Cohen and Silvia Cohen
are proud to announce the birth
of a baby boy, Alex Cohen.
robert freudenberg, mpa
Robert Freudenberg is a senior
planner whose primary focus
involves sustainability planning
on Long Island and in the surrounding New York metro region. His current work includes
coordinating RPA’s Long Island
Committee, developing products for the LI2035 transportation and land use visioning
project, engaging in planning
efforts for the Brooklyn Waterfront Greenway, and serving on
the Long Island Sound Study
Stewardship Workgroup.
richard greenberg, mpa
Richard Greenberg was elected
president of The Fund for New
Jersey, a private foundation that
supports public policy initiatives
throughout the State of New
Jersey, by its Board of Trustees
effective March 1, 2010.
stuart mccarthy, mia, if
Stuart McCarthy, first secretary of
the Foreign and Commonwealth
S I PA
Office, was awarded the Order
of the British Empire during the
celebration of Queen Elizabeth
II’s birthday in June 2010.
ruth rotenberg, mpa
Ruth Rotenberg will be a Jerusalem Fellow at the Mandel Leadership Institute in Jerusalem this
coming academic year, where
she will be working on a project
on philanthropy. The Mandel
Jerusalem Fellows (MJF) is a
one-year, residential fellowship
program based at the Mandel
Leadership Institute. This fellowship is aimed at mid-career
professionals with a proven track
record in Jewish educational and
communal leadership.
2005
olutayo akingbe, mia
Olutayo Akingbe currently
lives in the Washington, D.C.,
area and works as an associate
business manager for the Nature Sector at DAI in Bethesda,
where she is responsible for the
successful contractual, financial,
and personnel management of
five USAID-funded programs
worth a total of $71 million.
sidney nakao nakahodo,
mia
Sidney Nakao Nakahodo, a
native of Brazil, now works for
the World Bank as a carbon
finance analyst. He provides
logistical and analytical support
to carbon funds that sponsor
projects in developing countries aimed at mitigating carbon
emissions.
2006
sherif ayoub, mia
Sherif Ayoub is currently
special advisor to the vice
president (finance) with ICD
(an affiliate of the Islamic
Development Bank Group) in
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, focusing
on private sector development
in Africa.
S I PA N E W S 3 3
CLASS NOTES
SIPA
sarah huber, mia
Sarah Huber is currently the
director of Business Development for Driptech, a for-profit
social enterprise making drip
irrigation systems for small
farmers in the developing
world. She’s excited about the
social impact and sustainability
of the work and is enjoying
the startup environment. She’s
traveling a fair amount to India
these days and would love to
meet up with alumni there or in
the Bay area.
2007
philippe daubapantanacce, mia
Philippe Dauba-Pantanacce is
now a senior economist with
Standard Chartered bank in
Dubai. His focus is on global
markets with a regional focus
on the Middle East and North
Africa.
daniel mcsweeney, mia
Daniel McSweeney is currently
the executive director of the SS
United States Conservancy, a
national nonprofit organization
working to preserve America’s
national flagship, the legendary
passenger ship SS United States.
For more information, see: www.
ssunitedstatesconservancy.org
esther waters, mia
Esther Waters is currently the
Social Reintegration Team
coordinator for the United
Nations Development Program
(UNDP) in South Sudan.
2008
scarlett freeman, mia
Scarlett Freeman has entered
the Juris Doctor program at
St. John’s University School of
Law. She is living in Queens,
New York.
marcy fowler, mia
Marcy Fowler was awarded
3 4 S I PA N E W S
an Alfa Fellowship by CDS
International and Alfa-Bank.
Fowler is currently in Moscow,
Russia, where she is spending
11 months as an Alfa Fellow
and Visiting Junior Nuclear
Policy Scholar at the Carnegie
Moscow Center.
2009
laurence “brock” boddie,
mia
Brock Boddie is working for a
nonprofit in Connecticut called
buildOn, as their Web manager
as well as for the Open Society
Institute as their senior Web
advocacy advisor.
Jackie frankel, mpa
One year ago, Jackie Frankel
started her life as an Israeli
living in Kfar Sava and interning for Nitzan (the Israeli
Association for the Learning
Disabled) at its headquarters
in Tel Aviv. While completing
the new five-month Ulpan
Etzion Carmel in Haifa, she
consulted for Women and Men
in Blue and White (a nonprofit
dedicated to helping Lone Soldiers), marketed the music of
Israeli Composer Gilad Hesseg
to the United States, and sang
at Haifa’s Pasta Carolla Italian Bistro. She moved to Tel
Aviv in March upon receiving
her position as development
associate and Youth 4 Youth
coordinator at the Jaffa Institute, where she helps at-risk
children escape from the cycle
of poverty.
beza hailu, mia
Beza Hailu is currently working
as monitoring and evaluation
and knowledge management
advisor to the Federal HIV/
AIDS Prevention and Control
Office (HAPCO), helping
develop new data collection
tools and systems to monitor the national HIV/AIDS
response effectively. Hailu
has been seconded to hold
this office by the American
International Health Alliance, a
President’s Emergency Plan for
AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-funded
organization.
2010
lia carolina ortiz de
barros, mia
Upon graduating, Lia Carolina
Ortiz de Barros began working
at Nestlé Brazil. She currently
manages a portion of Nestlé´s
social projects in the areas of
infant nutrition, environment
preservation, and rural development. She is also working on
the implementation of Nestlé´s
shared value strategy with
business units.
Jonathan hogstad, mia
Jonathan Hogstad started
his new position as National
Research coordinator at Restaurant Opportunities Centers
United (rocunited.org), a
growing 501(c)3, member-led
workers center that is organizing restaurant workers across
the country. All ROC affiliates
are multiracial organizations
that engage in research, policy
work, and workplace justice
campaigns and facilitate political education and leadership
development for their worker
members. The research drives
the policy work and employs
various participatory techniques to show how severe
worker exploitation as well as
race and gender discrimination
are in this industry of more
than 10 million employees in
the United States.
hama makino, mia
Hama Makino has been busy
since graduating in 2010. She
worked at Deutsche Bank’s
Community Development
Finance Group in Microfinance Investing, followed by
working as a session writer for
the Economic and Empowerment sessions at the Clinton
Global Initiative’s annual meeting. She has since moved to
the World Bank’s International
Finance Corporation in the
Access to Finance Advisory
Services group, focused on
microfinance.
mark mozur, mia, cerT
Mark Mozur is currently living
in Moscow, participating in the
Alfa Fellowship Program.
Tom pellens, mia
Tom Pellens moved to Kampala,
Uganda, in September to work
for Innovations for Poverty
Action (IPA) as deputy country
director of the Uganda office.
IPA conducts impact evaluation
to develop and test solutions to
real problems faced by the poor.
In Uganda, IPA is currently a
partner in a number of projects
in the field of microfinance,
entrepreneurship, health, water,
education, and environment.
For more information, see www.
poverty-action.org
daniel perez, mpa
Dan Perez accepted a position
as a senior consultant with
Booz Allen Hamilton in the
Washington, D.C., metro area,
where he will develop strategy
and policy for government
clients.
karla sy, mia
Karla Sy has recently located
to Shanghai to work for HSBC,
doing business development for
its rural banking arm. She was
sad to leave New York City but
is also excited about the new
adventures and challenges in
Shanghai. She looks forward to
connecting with SIPA alumni
in China!
Denise Lee is a second-year Master of
Public Administration in Development
Practice student.
Mitzi Pelle is an administrative
assistant at SIPA.
DONOR LIST
S I PA
Donor List July 1, 2009, to June 30, 2010
“CERT” followed by year = graduate with certificate from a Regional Institute
“IF” followed by year = graduate of the International Fellows Program
“MIA” followed by year = graduate with a Master in International Affairs
“MPA” followed by year = graduate with a Master in Public Administration
$100,000–$999,999
Anonymous donors
Estate of Julius G. Blocker
Carnegie Corporation of New York
EDF–Électricité de France
International N.A. Inc.
EDP–Energias de Portugal, S.A.
Foundation Center for Energy, Marine
Transportation and Public Policy
Irish Aid
LF Foundation, Inc.
Italian Ministry for Environment, Land
and Sea
Henry Luce Foundation
David B. Ottaway, IF ’63
Smith Richardson Foundation
Maurice Samuels, MIA ’83
Veolia Environnement
$25,000–$99,999
Anonymous donor
Amy Levine Abrams, MIA ’81, IF ’81/
Abrams Foundation
William Vincent Campbell/
William V. Campbell Foundation
Alexander Georgiadis, MIA ’85/
Krinos Foods Canada Ltd.
Anuradha T. Jayanti/Rev Trust of
Anuradha Jayanti
Peter Neill Marber, MIA ’87/
Marber Family Charitable Fund/
Halbis Capital Mgmt
Jeffrey L. Schmidt, IF ’79,
CERT ’79/Jeffrey L. Schmidt
Fellowship Charitable Trust
Shell International Petroleum B V
The World Bank
$10,000–$24,999
Georgia Adams, MIA ’83 and Charles
Adams, MIA ’83
Roger R. Baumann, IF ’84, MIA ’84
and Julie Baumann
Matthew Boyer, MIA ’94
Michael James Brandmeyer, MIA ’95,
IF ’95
Arminio Fraga
Richard S. Goldberg
Sylvia A. Hewlett and Richard S. Weinert/
Center For Work-Life Policy, Inc.
Donald Loyd Holley, MIA ’59
Rober Kopech, MIA ’77
James Luikart, MIA ’72 and
Amira Luikart
Juan Navarro/Exxel Group Inc.
Brett A. Olsher, MIA ’93
Barbara Helen Reguero, MIA ’86/Barbara &
Keith Barbaria Family Fund
The Rockefeller Foundation
Juan A. Sabater
Arnold A. Saltzman/Saltzman
Foundation, Inc.
Brent Scowcroft
Joan E. Spero, MIA ’68
The Starr Foundation
Bela Szigethy, IF ’80, MIA ’80
Michael D. Tusiani/Poten & Partners, Inc.
$5,000–$9,999
Pamela Casadoumecq, MIA ’89
Raymond G. Chambers/
MCJ Amelior Foundation
Robert Meade Chilstrom, MIA ’69, CERT
’69 and Buena H. Chilstrom
Lisa Maria Coleman, MIA ’85
Richard and Jana Fant/The Fant
Foundation
Financial Women’s Association of NY
Educational Fund
Susie Gharib, MIA ’74/Nazem Family
Foundation
A. Michael Hoffman, IF ’69, MIA ’69
Lucio A. Noto
Bonnie M. Potter, MIA ’73
Julie Lynn Rasmussen, MIA ’90, IF ’90
Melinda Wolfe/Wolfe Inadomi Fund
$2,500–$4,999
Norton and Ann Bell
Laurence Dara Berger, IF ’70
Center for Advanced Studies on
Terrorism, Inc.
Gina Eichner Cinali, MIA ’88, IF ’88
John William Dickey, MIA ’92
Mary S. Ginsberg, IF ’78, MIA ’78
George Franz Hollendorfer, MIA ’01
Marietta Angela Ries Lavicka, MIA ’94
Claudette Mayer, MIA ’76, IF ’76
Jonathan Simon
Gregory A. Stoupnitzky, MIA ’80
Enzo Viscusi
Frank C. Wong, MIA ’82
$1,000–$2,499
Betty W. Adams, MPA ’04/
Buoai Fund
Lisa S. Anderson, CERT ’76
Reed David Auerbach, IF ’81,
MIA ’81
Magzhan Muratovich Auezov, MIA ’98
Wensley Barker, MIA ’98
Michael Paul Benz, MPA ’10
Robin L. Berry, MIA ’78
Kim Christopher Bradley, MIA ’83
Elizabeth Cabot, MIA ’98 and
Blake Cabot
Linda K. Carlisle, MPA ’81
Leo M.F. Chirovsky
John and Patricia Coatsworth
Larry Rodney Colburn, MIA ’90
Michael C. Creadon, MPA ’96
John J. Curley, IF ’63 and
Ann C. Curley
Troy J. Eggers and Susan K. Glancy
Peter D. Ehrenhaft, MIA ’57
Ivy Lindstrom Fredericks, MIA ’98
Michael William Galligan, IF ’83, MIA ’83
Richard N. Gardner
Lawrence D. Glaubinger
Anthony C. Gooch, MIA ’05, IF ’05/
Anthony C. Gooch Fund
Neal H. Harwood, MIA ’61
Ralph O. Hellmold, IF ’63, MIA ’63
Andrew William Higgins, MIA ’91 and
Patricia M. Higgins
Peter Alexander Hofmann, MIA ’86/United
Way of Central and NE Connecticut
Jingdong Hua, MPA ’03
Constance L. Hunter, MIA ’94
Douglas R. Hunter, MIA ’73
Nadia M. Jabri, MIA ’98
Anisa Kamadoli Costa, MIA ’98/
Tiffany & Co.
Allison C. Kellogg, IF ’72, MIA ’72
Karen Young Knapp, MPA ’94/
Karen and Frank Knapp Fund
Arthur Wayne Koenig, MIA ’70
Monish Kumar, MIA ’95
Stephanie Beth Wolk Lawrence,
MPA ’93/Boston Foundation
Sandra Shahinian Leitner, MIA ’76
Ziad Khalil Makkawi, MIA ’86
Christopher James Manogue,
MIA ’98
Sherwood G. Moe, MIA ’48
Mahnaz Moinian, IF ’06, MIA ’06
Thomas John Monahan, MIA ’85
Mark David O’Keefe, MIA ’95 and
M. Guadalupe Granda, MIA ’95
Kenneth Prewitt
Vikram Raju, MIA ’97 and
Madeleine Chapman
Clyde E. Rankin, IF ’74
Richard G. Robb
Vuslat Sabanci, MIA ’96 and
Ali Ismail Sabanci
Jose M. Sanz Magallon
Kirk P. Schubert, MIA ’82
Karen Scowcroft, MIA ’84, IF ’84
Saurin Dinesh Shah, MIA ’97
and Sara Elise Borden, MPA ’95
Samuel R. Sharp, MPA ’99
Mary C. Solomon/Mary & David
Solomon Family Fund
Alfred C. Stepan, IF ’65
Mana Nabeshima Tokoi, MIA ’91
Yuko Usami, MIA ’77
Paul A. Volcker
Yonghua Wang, MIA ’01
Jerry Chan Yoon, MIA ’01
Arthur M. Yoshinami, MIA ’80
$500–$999
Patrick Kenehan Archambault,
MIA ’99
Arlene Renee Barilec, MIA ’84
Jillian Barron, MIA ’88
Stefan Robert Benn, MIA ’95
Maureen R. Berman, MIA ’73
Thomas Lynch Bindley, MPA ’03
James L. Broadhead, IF ’63
Kate A. Bullinger, MIA ’94
Mary W. Carpenter, MIA ’51
David C. Chaffetz, MIA ’80, IF ’80
William Yui-Wai Chan
Karen A. Collias
John J. Costonis, IF ’64
Gregory Deeds
Marc P. Desautels, MIA ’66
David N. Dinkins
Thomas John Durkin, MIA ’87,
CERT ’87
R. Anthony Elson, IF ’64, MIA ’64
Kashiyo C. Enokido, MIA ’78
Jennifer Ann Enslin, MIA ’02
Robert Mark Finkel, MIA ’88
Kirsten Alysum Frivold, MPA ’03
Shelly Louise Gardeniers, MIA ’96
Gary W. Glick, CERT ’72
Jose Eugenio Gonzales, MIA ’93
Erin S. Gore, MPA ’97
John A. Grammer, MIA ’63
Haakoon Hall House
Teresa Misty Hathaway, MIA ’89
Mark M. Jaskowiak, IF ’77
Edward Van K. Jaycox, MIA ’64,
CERT ’64
Horace P. Jen, MIA ’93, CERT ’93
Zhaohui Jin, MIA ’02
Andrea Lynn Johnson, MIA ’89
Elizabeth Lynn Katkin, MIA ’92, IF ’92
George A. Kellner
Jessie McClintock Kelly, MIA ’07
Joachim W. Kratz, MIA ’58
Thomas Dale Kuczmarski, MIA ’75,
IF ’75 and Susan S. Kuczmarski, IF ’74,
MIA ’74
Jirawat Sophon Lewprasert, MIA ’84
Dallas D. Lloyd, MIA ’58
Douglas Michael Margossian, MIA ’07
Kathryn L. McCormack, MIA ’95
Shalini Mimani
Catherine Mulder, MIA ’81
Glenn Paul Orloff, MIA ’88
Carol Jean Patterson, MIA ’76,
CERT ’76
Lucie Colvin Phillips
Henrietta B. Pons, MIA ’64/
Henrietta B. Pons Trust
John H. A. Quitter, IF ’67
George W. Simmonds, CERT ’52
Julie Lynn Siskind, MIA ’95
Nicholas J. Spiliotes, IF ’79, CERT ’79
Laila Festini Srouji, MIA ’05
David James Tsui, MPA ’01
Daniel B. Tunstall, MIA ’68
Frederic Joseph Vagnini, MIA ’89
S I PA N E W S 3 5
DONOR LIST
SI PA
Joseph L. Vidich, MIA ’80
Gavin Conrad Wellington, MPA ’95
$250–$499
Simon K. Adamiyatt, MIA ’81,
CERT ’81
Jo Anne Chernev Adlerstein, IF ’75
Sanford Antignas
Morten Arntzen, MIA ’79, IF ’79
Isabelle Jacqueline Aussourd, MIA ’02
Roshma A. Azeem, MPA ’04
Paul Bauer, MIA ’96
Robin M. Beckett, IF ’77
Thomas H. Boast, MIA ’72
Patrick Francis Bohan
Carolyn B. Boldiston, MPA ’89
Joan Copithorne Bowen, MIA ’67
Daniel F. Burton, MIA ’81
Allen L. Byrum, MIA ’72
Eric David Cantor, MIA ’05
Dale Christensen, MIA ’71 and
Patricia Hewitt, MIA ’71
William Michael Clancy, MPA ’98
Dale S. Collinson, IF ’62
Nuno Miguel C. Crisostomo, MIA ’01 and
Sonia Virginie Bujas, MIA ’92, CERT ’92
Derrin Culp, MIA ’07
Michael DiGrappa, MPA ’86
Simon Parish Dodge, MIA ’90
Ugen Dorji, MIA ’99/Royal Monetary
Authority of Bhutan
Judith Ann Edstrom, MIA ’72, IF ’72
Can Vahit Eksioglu, MIA ’01
Cornelia Mai Ercklentz, MIA ’08
Hugo Presgrave Faria, MIA ’88, CERT ’88
and Gabrielle S. Brussel, MIA ’88
Rhonda L. Ferguson-Augustus,
MIA ’79
Melissa Scott Flournoy, MPA ’85
Jacqueline Frank, MIA ’05/
Frank Pictures, Inc.
Stephen Gerard Fromhart, MIA ’98
Larry S. Gage, IF ’71
John C. Garrett, IF ’66/Garrett Family
Foundation
C. Robert Garris
Omar M. Gharzeddine, MIA ’95
Heidi Gifford-Melas, MPA ’91
Sol Glasner, MIA ’76, CERT ’76
Lisa G. Goldschmidt, MPA ’04
John M. Gorup
Stephen Mark Grynberg, IF ’89
Maureen-Elizabeth Hagen, MIA ’83,
CERT ’83
Bruce Kirkwood Harris, MIA ’92
Rex S. Heinke, IF ’74
Warren E. Hewitt, MIA ’50
Katherine Hale Hovde, MIA ’89 and
Kenneth Kulak
Thomas N. Hull, MIA ’73, IF ’73,
CERT ’73
Ellen Marjorie Iseman, MPA ’07
Erik Jacobs, MIA ’85, IF ’85 and Laura J.
Eberstein
Nicholas W. Jakobson, MIA ’09/The John
R. Jakobson Foundation
Morton L. Janklow/Janklow
Foundation
3 6 S I PA N E W S
Michone Trinae Johnson, MPA ’96
Brian John Kennedy, MPA ’04
Steve S. Kim, MIA ’94
Anne R. Knulst, MIA ’51
George M. Lazarus, IF ’69/
George M. Lazarus, MD, PC
Ching Chee Alda Leung, MIA ’04
Jay A. Levy, IF ’62
George P. Lightbody, MIA ’92
Dening Suzanne Lohez, MIA ’04
Jerrold L. Mallory, MIA ’83, CERT ’83
Sonia P. Maltezou, MIA ’70
Ann E. March, MIA ’99
Julianne M. Markow, MIA ’88
Mary D. McCabe, MIA ’81
John B. McGrath, MIA ’80, IF ’80,
CERT ’80
Dan McIntyre
Miten Arun Merchant, MIA ’95
Marianne Mitosinka, MIA ’81
David W. Munves, MIA ’80, IF ’80
Paul Anthony Ngite Mutisya, MPA ’02
Thomas F. O’Connor, MIA ’76
Mary Agnes O’Donnell Hulme,
MIA ’95
Avo Erik Ora, MIA ’98, IF ’98
Ruth G. Ornelas, IF ’80, MIA ’80
Thomas Guenter Plagemann,
MIA ’91
Jefrey Ian Pollock, MPA ’97
David C. Ralph, MIA ’67
John M. Reid, MIA ’64
Robert D. Reischauer, MIA ’66
Jeremy Neal Reiskin, MIA ’87
Janet S. Resele-Tiden, MIA ’92
Galen Blaine Ritchie, IF ’61
Karina L. Rodriguez, MPA ’05
Sarah Kristina Rossmann, MIA ’05
Gidon Garber Rothstein, MPA ’88
Salvatore V. Sampino, MIA ’83
Deborah Gwen Schein, MIA ’88,
CERT ’88
Susan Ellen Schorr, MPA ’98/MGS &
RRS Charitable Trust
Ernst J. Schrader, MIA ’65
Robert Scott Seidman, MPA ’03
and Lori K. Seidman
Ryan James Severino, MIA ’04
Vikram Jeet Singh, MIA ’03, IF ’03
and Dilshika Jayamaha
Sally J. Staley, MIA ’80
Kulratan R. Stuart, MIA ’73
Tara Jayne Sullivan, MPA ’86
Franklin A. Thomas
Elizabeth D. Trafelet, MIA ’03
Thomas J. Trebat
May K. Wong Tung, MIA ’78/
Tung Charitable Gift Fund
Ralph W. Usinger, MIA ’73
Hans Herbert Wahl, MIA ’95
Irene May Wong, MPA ’93
Juliet Wurr, MIA ’89, IF ’89
Hideo Yanai, MIA ’96
Zhijing Yin, MPA ’03
Osamu Yoshida, MPA ’99 and
Aya Yoshida
Lauren Zeltzer, MIA ’85
up to $249
Pamela Aall, MIA ’77, CERT ’77
Harlan Ira Miller, MIA ’95
Kaori Adachi, MIA ’99
Can Adamoglu, MIA ’02
John Quincy Adams, MIA ’85
Sadia Afridi, MIA ’05
Steven Agbenyega
Alice Agoos, MIA ’80
Christiana H. Aguiar, MIA ’89
Abigail Calkins Aguirre, MPA ’92
Adam J. Albin, MIA ’86
David E. Albright, CERT ’71
Alex Edward Alexander
Delalle Nasr Strateman Alexander,
MIA ’85
Karen Jeannette Alexander, MPA ’90
Marcellin Koffi Alle, MPA ’06
Tammy Jeanne Allen, MIA ’02 and Daniel
Gropper
Patrice L. Allen-Gifford, MIA ’81
Erasto B. Almeida, MIA ’06
Lillian Alonzo Marin, MIA ’02
Robert J. Alpino, MIA ’85
Stephen Altheim, IF ’69
Luis Alvarez Renta, MPA ’09
Daniel Alvarez, MPA ’09
Veronica Lucia Alvarez, MPA ’07 and
Oscar Grajeda
Tatiana Alves, MIA ’06
Austin Chinegwu Amalu, MIA ’81
Ryan M. Ames, MPA ’09
John Vincent Amore, MIA ’05
Bridget Anderson, MPA ’04
Michael Patrick Anderson, MIA ’89
Shehriyar D. Antia, MIA ’03
Adrienne DeVere Antoine, MPA ’05
Todd Martin Appel, MIA ’88
Marah Arbaje, MPA ’07
Olavi Arens, CERT ’69
Iris R. Argento, CERT ’67
Maria Marcos Arnaud, MIA ’01
Delphine Arrighi, MIA ’07
Elizabeth Athey, MIA ’71
Paul Francis Augustine, MPA ’05
Donald E. Austin
Alieda Maria Baig, MIA ’05
John Keeble Bainbridge, MPA ’91
Charles Edward Baker, MIA ’92
Endre A. Balazs
Leonard J. Baldyga, MIA ’62
Rodney J. Ballard, CERT ’73
Stephen James Banta, MIA ’76
Zdzislaw Baran
Sarah Nicole Bardinelli, MIA ’08
William B. Barfield, IF ’66
Ari David Barkan, MIA ’97
Wayne M. Barnstone, MIA ’79
Laurie D. Barrueta, MIA ’94
Matthias Georg Baumberger, MIA ’05
Kevin Alan Baumert, MIA ’98
Edward J. Bayone, MIA ’79
Rebecca Ann Beeman, MIA ’08
Kenton H. Beerman, MIA ’05
Julie A. Beglin, MPA ’97
Shirley Haruka Bekins, MPA ’97
Martin H. Belsky, IF ’68
Shawn David Bender, MIA ’89
Yvette E. Benedek, MIA ’81
Sonja Jean Bensen, MIA ’89
Thomas Paul Bernstein, CERT ’66
Wendy Lee Kutlow Best, MPA ’87
Dorcas Jeanine Bethel, MPA ’95
Richard K. Betts
Seymour Beubis
Devender Bhatia
Pieter Anton Bierkens, MIA ’92
Peter James Biesada, MIA ’86
Sanuber Bilguvar, MIA ’06
William N. Binderman, IF ’63
David Lawrence Birnbaum, MIA ’98
Leopold Von Bismarck, MIA ’78
Kelli Anne Bissett, MIA ’10
Melanie June Bixby, MIA ’91 and
Robert Epstein
Joseph Abraham Blady, MIA ’03
John Langdon Blakeney, MPA ’06
Jaclyn Burke Bliss, MPA ’03
Lisa Zucrow Block, MPA ’81
Tammy Sue Blossom, MPA ’96
Nancy Martha Boccara, MIA ’99
William Andrew Bodenlos, MIA ’89
Michael Drury Bodman, MIA ’96
Holly Bernson Bogin, MIA ’88
Theodore Francis Bongiovanni,
MPA ’03
Robert Boothby, IF ’62
Rebecca Lynn Boston, MPA ’94
Matthew William Botwin, MIA ’98
Lesley W. Bourns, MIA ’04
W. Donald Bowles, CERT ’52
Jordan Daniel Brafman, MIA ’06
Sandy Mijin Kim Brandt, MPA ’04
Tamar Brass, MPA ’86
Christopher Paul Brawer, MIA ’92
Susan J. Zelony Breen, MIA ’79
Philip Stern Brennan, MIA ’06
David A. Brentlinger, MIA ’79, IF ’79
Peter F. Brescia, MIA ’50
Todd MacLean Bristol, MPA ’01
June Blanchard Brown, MIA ’72
Karl Wilhelm Brown, MIA ’06
Keith Dawayne Brown, MIA ’89
Thomas F. Brown, IF ’65
William C. Brown, IF ’67 and
Tina Brown
John P. Bruggen, MPA ’00
Cecile R. Brunswick, MIA ’54
William Ransom Bryant
Andrea Bubula
Marisa J. Buchanan, MPA ’07
Scott Budde, MIA ’83
Beverley Jeanine Buford, MPA ’86
Gordon Marshall Burck, MIA ’86
Kevin James Burgwinkle, MIA ’06,
IF ’06
Julia H. Buteux, MIA ’87
Paul H. Byers, IF ’67
Katarzyna Maria Bzdak, IF ’06,
MIA ’06
Limarie Ventura Cabrera, MPA ’07
Gerald A. Cady, MIA ’76, CERT ’76
Kristen Klemme Cady-Sawyer,
MPA ’06
Cengiz Cagar, MIA ’78 and
Zuhra Cagar
DONOR LIST
Joanne T. Caha, CERT ’78
Michael A. Cairl, IF ’77, MIA ’77
Robert Anthony Calaff, MPA ’90
Lee A. Calhoun, MPA ’07
Jeffrey L. Canfield, MIA ’82,
CERT ’82
Virginia Kesler Carlson, MPA ’91
Donald L. Carpenter, CERT ’54
Carletta Nonziato, MIA ’84/
Carron, LLC
Valenice Castronovo, MIA ’80
Barbara Foulke Cates, MIA ’84
Isaiah Zimba Chabala, MIA ’91
Donald Chahbazpour, MPA ’00
Carmen Anne Chan, MIA ’00
Hima Bindu Chanamolu, MPA ’00
Jennifer Meihuy Chang, MIA ’07
Michael Yun-Hwa Chang, MIA ’08
Jonathan A. Chanis
Elisa A. Charters, MIA ’02
Martin A. Charwat, CERT ’65
Michael R. Chase, MIA ’95
John C. Chendo, IF ’71
David Xing Cheng, MPA ’07
Muzaffar A. Chishti, MIA ’81
S. Y. Cho
Shachi Chopra-Nangia, MIA ’00
Victoria C. Choy, IF ’85
Ishwara Chrein, MIA ’03, IF ’03
Erika Christ, MIA ’99
Paul Brian Christensen, MIA ’83
Jadwiga Chrusciel
Siew Leng Chuah, MIA ’84
Mina Charlotte Chung, MIA ’00
Sandra G. Chutorian, MIA ’82,
CERT ’82
Jeff Geefen Chyu, MIA ’83
William Ciaccio, MPA ’79
Marc Claret de Fleurieu, MIA ’02
Peter James Clayton, MPA ’90
Mary L. Clement
Patrick Joseph Coakley, MPA ’97
Drew Dumas Coburn, MIA ’87
Natalie Greenan Coburn, MIA ’89
Laurie L. N. Cochran, MIA ’79
Daniel Moshe Cohen, MIA ’04
Ellen Miriam Cohen, MPA ’03
Neil Hayward Cohen, MPA ’89
Maria Knoppers Cole, MIA ’68,
CERT ’68
Daniela Coleman
Jennifer DeRosa Collins, MPA ’05
Joseph J. Collins, MIA ’80, IF ’80
Glenn L. Colville, MIA ’75
Bernard Francis Condon, MIA ’91,
CERT ’91
Marybeth Connolly, MIA ’01
Maureen Considine, MIA ’86
Daniel Aaron Cook, MIA ’06
Mary Griffiths Cooperman, MIA ’84
Sybil Copeland, MPA ’85
A. Sebastian Corradino, MPA ’91
Daniel Joseph Costello, MPA ’01
Steven Roy Costner, MIA ’88
Monica Inez Cramer, MIA ’92
Dustin Craven, MIA ’93
Robert S. Critchell, MIA ’70/
Allard Investors, LP
Carroll Michelle Cryer, MIA ’97
Daniella Curmei
Ana Cutter Patel, MIA ’98
David R. Czerniejewski, IF ’65
Andrian Roman Dacy, CERT ’94,
MIA ’94
Christabel Ewuradjoa Dadzie,
MIA ’07
Theodore Albert D’Afflisio, MIA ’71
Alexander M. Dake, MIA ’86
Kevin Towne D’Albert, MIA ’90 and
Nancy Carney, MIA ’93
Russell M. Dallen
Karl I. Danga, IF ’71, MIA ’71
Michael B. Daniels, MPA ’06
Joseph J. Darby, CERT ’57
Joel Davidow, IF ’63
W. Phillips Davison
Dorothy T. de Vogel, CERT ’55
Julia Lyndon Deans, MPA ’89
Toni Elizabeth Dechario, MIA ’07
Sarah Christine DeFeo, MPA ’08
Margery Suckle Deibler, IF ’81
Isabelle Marie Francoise Delalex,
MIA ’05
Jeffrey F. DeLaurentis, MIA ’78
Katarina Deletis, MIA ’00
Vincent Carlo DeLusia, MIA ’71
Athena L. Demetrios, MIA ’80
Diane Leslie Demmler, MIA ’87
Richard M. Devens, IF ’81
Carolyn P. Dewing-Hommes,
MIA ’86, CERT ’86
Sarah H. Dhere, MIA ’10
Gary Francis Di Gesu, MIA ’89
Philip E. Di Giovanni
Raphael A. Diaz, MIA ’63
Elena Kitaoka Diaz-Bilello, MPA ’00
Scott A. Dick, MIA ’93
Daniel Dicker
Jessica Ephra Dickler, MPA ’04
Phyllis Dickstein
Maria Christina Dikeos, MIA ’92
Stephen D. Docter, MIA ’60 and Beverly
W. Docter
Cynthia M. Dodd, IF ’77
Diane Joyce Dolinsky-Pickar, MIA ’92 and
Bradford Philip Pickar, MIA ’94
Lucia Adele Domville, MIA ’96
Melissa Sawin Donohue, MIA ’93
Christine Marian Doyle, MIA ’92
Sharla Kathryn Draemel, MPA ’01
Ruth I. Dreessen, MIA ’80
Melissa E. Dribben, MIA ’80
Bruce H. Drossman, MIA ’82, IF ’82,
CERT ’82
Annie M. Ducmanis, MPA ’05
Peter Stephen Duklis, MIA ’90
Cecilia Elizabeth Dunn, MPA ’93
Ethel D. Dunn, CERT ’56
Sandy Eapen, MIA ’08
E. Michael Easterly, MIA ’68
Wakana Nakagami Edmister,
MPA ’02
Brian Joseph Egan, MPA ’04
Allen Eisendrath, IF ’81, MIA ’81
Douglas J. Eisenfelder, IF ’63
Isaac Manfred Elfstrom, MIA ’07
Susanne Noelle Elizer, MPA ’96
Betsy Rossen Elliot, MIA ’84, IF ’84
Sari J. Ellovich, MIA ’75
John William Emerich, CERT ’85
Rida Eng, MIA ’00
Dayna English, MIA ’81
Anne Underwood Enslow, IF ’78,
MIA ’78, CERT ’78
Gordon Epstein, IF ’75, MIA ’75,
CERT ’75
Kenneth Paul Erickson, IF ’64,
CERT ’64
Jodi A. Erlandsen, MPA ’98
Mahmood Ihsan Essaid
Lara Alexandra Ettenson, MPA ’06
Deborah A. Everett, MPA ’90
Peter Seth Falcier, MIA ’07
Kathleen M. Hansen Fallon, MIA ’92
Susan Silver Farley, MIA ’78
Robert S. Faron, IF ’75
Brent Feigenbaum, MIA ’84
Mitchell B. Feldman, MIA ’77
Aurelius Fernandez, MIA ’59
George A. Fernandez, MIA ’83
Alexander Patrick Conrad Fernando,
MIA ’05
Craig James Ferrantino, MIA ’92
Vincent A. Ferraro, MIA ’73, IF ’73
and Priscilla A. Mandrachia
Diane P. Fink, MIA ’79
Yakov Finkelshteyn, MIA ’03/L & Y
International, LLC
Louise R. Firestone, MIA ’79
Kristin Raphaele Willey Fitzgerald,
MIA ’94
Howard Barrett Flanders, IF ’62
H. Joseph Flatau, MIA ’61
Benjamin A. Fleck, MIA ’48
Bradley Feeney Foerster, MIA ’88,
CERT ’88
James Fonda, MPA ’07
Ebenezer Irving Forbes, MIA ’02
Anne D. Ford, MIA ’05
Laura Ellen Forlano, MIA ’01
Edward B. Forman, MPA ’93
Edin Forto, MIA ’01, CERT ’01
Richard W. Foster, MIA ’69
William S. Foster, MIA ’06
Catherine Starin Foster-Anderson,
MPA ’04
Hugh Corning Fraser, MPA ’95/Fraser
Family Fund
Gerald S. Freedman, IF ’62
Scarlett Lopez Freeman, MIA ’08
David S. Frick, MIA ’01
Kathryn Lynne Furano, MPA ’90
Richard A. Fye, MPA ’03
Craig Joseph Gabriel, MIA ’95
Maria Salome Galib-Bras, MIA ’88,
CERT ’88
Vincent Patrick Galli-Zugaro, MIA ’95
Hui Gao, MPA ’01
Lengxi Gao, MIA ’89
Karina Garcia-Casalderrey, MIA ’02
Evangelina Garrido, MIA ’81
Tamara R. Garrison, MPA ’03
Frances X. Gates
Toby Trister Gati, CERT ’70, MIA ’70
S I PA
Stephen Bernt Gaull, MIA ’88, CERT ’88/
Stephen Bernt Gaull Fund
Joseph G. Gavin, MIA ’70
Jeffrey Franklin Gay, MIA ’04
Eric Neil Gebbie, MIA ’01
Gwenn H. Gebhard, MPA ’87 and Paul
Replogle Gebhard, MIA ’86
Russell W. Geekie, MIA ’01
Aaron Roth Gershowitz, MIA ’89
Elizabeth Schumann Ghauri, MIA ’94
Christine Wrona Giallongo, MIA ’90,
CERT ’90
Susan C. Gigli, MIA ’87
Sharon Ablaza Gil
James Sevier Gilliland, MPA ’99
Thomas Richard Lansner, MIA ’91
Adam Spencer Glatzer, MPA ’07
Robert Peter Glauerdt, MIA ’04
David H. Goldberg, MIA ’82 and
Lisa Goldberg
Jeremy Scott Goldberg, MIA ’08,
IF ’08
Marilu Goldberg-Finardi, MIA ’82
Allan Goldfarb, MIA ’79
Bruce Jay Goldstein, MIA ’85
Eric Daniel Goldstein, MIA ’86
Judith Joy Goldstein, MIA ’79
Edward Daniel Gometz, MIA ’01
Candace Gonzalez, MPA ’03
Grace Ellen Goodell, MIA ’69
Wallace D. Gossett, IF ’69
Erika Nicole Gottfried, MIA ’07
Nicholas Nickfant Gouede, MIA ’86
Rodney E. Gould, IF ’68
Arne Grafweg, MPA ’06
Ann Blumberg Graham, MIA ’81
Francis Lincoln Grahlfs, CERT ’55
Jennifer Youtz Grams, MPA ’99
Katherine Ann Graves-Abe, MIA ’03
Marisa Salamone Greason, MPA ’86
Stanislaw W. Grebski
Carolyn B. Green, MIA ’63
Charles Lewis Green, MIA ’94
Carl C. Greer, IF ’63
Ann Gregory, MIA ’64
Mary Ann Grossman, MIA ’73
Neil David Grossman, IF ’82
Jon Edmund Groteboer, MIA ’08
Carole A. Grunberg, MIA ’78
Laura Sank Gump, MPA ’90
Deena Jal Guzder, MIA ’08
Jonathan Sullivan Gyurko, MPA ’00
Viktoria Habanova, MIA ’08
Michele Anke Haberland, MPA ’04
Brian Gerald Hackett, MIA ’01
Brigid Flynn Haeckel, MPA ’90
Stacey Lynne Haefele, MIA ’92
W. David Hager, IF ’66
Ayesha Haider-Marra, MIA ’04
Mykola Haliv
Craig Philip Hallgren, MIA ’86
Joel Martin Halpern
Rebekah Yasmin Hamed, MPA ’08
Anne W. Hamilton, MIA ’79
Kay L. Hancock
Katherine Olivia Hardy, MIA ’97
Peter L. Harnik, MIA ’75
S I PA N E W S 3 7
DONOR LIST
SI PA
Diane Wallace Harpold, MIA ’90 and
William Rodgers, MIA ’91
David H. Harris, MIA ’85, IF ’85
Jonathan Harris, MIA ’59, CERT ’59
Peggy T. Harris, IF ’75
Laura Suzanne Harwood, MPA ’92
Gary Edward Hayes, MIA ’81,
CERT ’81
Susan L. Hazard
Lisa Ray Hecht-Cronstedt, MIA ’08
Wendell C. Heddon, MIA ’87
Elizabeth W. Heinsohn, MIA ’89
Silvia Maria Heller, MIA ’99
Judith Gail Hellerstein, MPA ’94
Norman N. Hendershot, MIA ’80
Magdale Linda Labbe Henke, MIA ’96
Alan J. Herbach, MIA ’79
Richard Hermanowski
Marci E. Herzlinger-Tavasi, MPA ’86
Peter T. Hess, MIA ’80
Garry W. Hesser, IF ’64
Christoph Wilhelm Heuer, MIA ’04
Susan E. Heuman, CERT ’68
Antoine Heuty, MIA ’02
Elizabeth Seal Higgs, MIA ’96
John F. Hildebrand, IF ’66
Aiko Hirose
Steven Arthur Hirsch, MPA ’85
Nadia Man-Chuang Ho, MIA ’03
Christopher B. Hodges, MIA ’77,
IF ’77
Lyndell A. Hogan, MPA ’93
Amy Elizabeth Holman, MIA ’87
James Peter Holtje, MIA ’90
Michael A. Holubar, MIA ’77
Nicole Janine Holzapfel, MIA ’94
Joon Seok Hong, MIA ’05
Anthony H. Horan, IF ’63
Steven E. Horne, MPA ’10
Pamela A. Houghtaling, MIA ’74,
CERT ’74
William D. Howells, MIA ’60, CERT ’60
John F. Howes, CERT ’54
Barbara A. Howland
Sarah Beth Huber, MIA ’06
Robert Kingsley Hull, MIA ’78,
CERT ’78
Kerstin Ernharth Humann, MIA ’90
Benjamin Kline Hunnicutt, MPA ’97
Alexander Teodor Hunt, IF ’94,
MPA ’94
Richard J. Hunter
Riham Hussein, MIA ’09
Claire Estelle Marie Husson, MPA ’05
Thomas J. Hyra, IF ’76, MIA ’76
Kazuyoshi Ikeno, MIA ’76
Roberto Inda, MPA ’05
Melissa S. Ingber, MIA ’95
Anna Grace Isgro, MIA ’77
Devika Iyer, MIA ’07
Thomas C. Izard
Kathryn Marie Jackson, MIA ’88
Ronald Jackson, MPA ’01
Roy Christopher Jackson, MPA ’90
Eric Davis Jacobsen, MPA ’06
Ellen L. James Martin, MIA ’82
Wynne James, MIA ’71
Carissa L. Janis, MPA ’89
3 8 S I PA N E W S
Bernd Gunnar Janzen, MIA ’92,
CERT ’92 and Kristi Bahrenburg Janzen,
MIA ’93, CERT ’93
Carolina Jaramillo, MPA ’07
Edwige Jean, MIA ’02
Russell M. Jenkins, MIA ’80
Donald Norman Jensen
Andrew T. Jhun, MPA ’04
Mary Tyler Johnson, MPA ’04
Sonia P. Johnson, MIA ’48
Richard B. Jones, MIA ’80
David Joravsky, CERT ’49
Ellen K. Jorgensen, IF ’85, MIA ’85
John Charles Jove, MIA ’85
Ronald D. Judkoff, IF ’76
David E. Junker, MIA ’76
Peter H. Juviler, CERT ’54
Robert Ronald Jystad, MIA ’93
Sharon Kahn-Bernstein, MPA ’97
Ann Dolan Kaiser, MIA ’80, IF ’80
Kamil Kaluza, MPA ’06
Tina Mani Kanagaratnam, MIA ’85
Elisa A. Kapell, IF ’79, MIA ’79,
CERT ’79 and Walter R. Cook
Daniel B. Kaplan, MPA ’82
Lloyd R. Kass, MPA ’98
Norman D. Kass, MIA ’73
Iori Kato, MIA ’03
Daniel Lewis Katzive, MIA ’92
Peggy Ockkyung Kauh, MPA ’01
Hirofumi Kawakita, MPA ’01
Jennifer Lynn Keeney, MIA ’04
Spurgeon M. Keeny
Kathleen Elizabeth Keiser, MIA ’06
Debra Anne Keller, MPA ’06
Vanessa Claire Kellogg, MPA ’05
Julia Metzger Kennedy, MIA ’92
John J. Kerr, IF ’76
Eve Maxine Kessler, CERT ’89
Glenn Andrew Kessler, MIA ’83
Alison Leavitt Khalaf, MPA ’04
Farrukh Iqbal Khan, MIA ’07
Sana Khan, MIA ’99
John F. Khanlian, MIA ’69
Michele Llona Wray Khateri, MIA ’97
Mostafa Khezry, MIA ’89
Yoshiko Kido
Samuel S. Kim, MIA ’62
Sue J. Kim, MPA ’06
Natasha Suzanne Kindergan,
MIA ’04, IF ’04
Mary C. King, MIA ’79
Brigitte Lehner Kingsbury, MIA ’89
Gordon A. Kingsley, MIA ’81
Molly Catherine Kinney, MIA ’93
Nancy K. Kintner-Meyer, MIA ’89
James Henry Kipers, MIA ’02
Jean L. Klein
Julie Gail Klein, MPA ’10
Robert Scott Klein, MIA ’98
Bernard Klem, MIA ’63
Paulo Francisco Kluber, CERT ’08,
MIA ’08
Andrew Jerome Koch, IF ’06, MIA ’06
Anjali Devi Kochar, MIA ’01
Kari Odquist Kohl, MIA ’99
Ann Kolumban
Tadeusz A. Kondratowicz
Jaime Tackett Koppel, MPA ’07
Andrzej Korbonski
Alexander Evgenjevich Korshunov,
MIA ’95
Daniel Mayer Kosinski, MPA ’07
Stephanie Jane Kosmo, MIA ’84
Paul M. Kozar, MIA ’75
Bernard Kritzer, MIA ’72
William Patrick Kugeman, MPA ’01
Matt Kumparatana, MPA ’02
Richard W. Kurz, MIA ’77
Alina Kwak, MPA ’06
Susanne Kyzivat, MIA ’84
Laurin L. Laderoute, IF ’66
Polly Nora Lagana, MPA ’04
Dinyar Rustam Lalkaka, MIA ’86
Jose M. Lamas, MIA ’86
Aikojean Lane, MIA ’05, IF ’05
Julie Werner Lane, MPA ’92
Kristin D. Lang, MIA ’94
F. Stephen Larrabee, IF ’69
Kimberly Dennis Latham, MPA ’92
Terry W. Lau, MPA ’92
Albert Johannes Laverge, MIA ’00
Mel Laytner, MIA ’72
Bozidar Lazarevic
Patrick Joseph Leahy, MIA ’89
Lily Ho Leavitt, MIA ’96
Marina Ledkovsky
Chester Lee
Hansang Lee, MPA ’01
Lewis S. Lee, IF ’82
Na Youn Lee, MIA ’07
Elizabeth Paula Leff, MPA ’99
Elizabeth Jessica Leitman, MIA ’95
Bogdan Theodore Leja, MIA ’91
Philip J. Lemanski, MPA ’86
Mara Lemos-Stein, MIA ’04
Amanda V. Leness, MIA ’93
Suzanna Lengyel
Valerie Leon, MPA ’09
Michael Robert Leonard, MIA ’09
Justin Peter Leous, MPA ’06
Jane Carol Leu, MIA ’98
Nadine Netter Levy, MIA ’70/Hess-Levy
Family Foundation
Deborah Jacobs Levy, MPA ’92
James John Lewellis, MIA ’04
Sobner Lherisson, MPA ’97
Arthur Dominique Liacre, MIA ’04
Amy Lile, MPA ’05
Edith R. Lim, CERT ’74
Sarah Elizabeth Lindsay, MIA ’93
John F. Lippmann, MIA ’49
Samuel J. Lipsky, MIA ’73
Alexandre Brites Lira, MPA ’08
John Joseph Lis, MIA ’96, IF ’96,
CERT ’96
Daniel Brown Little, MIA ’05
Kai-Chun Liu, MPA ’82
Robert T. Livernash, MIA ’73, IF ’73
Victor B. Loksha, MPA ’95
Jody Susan London, MPA ’90
James Michael Lonergan, MPA ’92
Christine M. Loomis, CERT ’75
David Chase Lopes, MIA ’92
Andrew David Lorber, MIA ’08
William Anthony Lorenz, MIA ’99
Ronald Dean Lorton, MIA ’71, IF ’71
Alda Losada, MIA ’00
Robert W. Loschiavo, MPA ’82
Ross Lovell, MPA ’09
Julia Y. Lu, MPA ’03
Douglas Lucius, MIA ’89
William H. Luers
Craig Philip Lustig, MPA ’98
Karyn T. Lynch, MPA ’82
Yuwei Ma, MIA ’07
Vernon L. Mack, MIA ’73
Patricia M. Macken
Benjamin Edward Madgett, MPA ’07
Richard Mark Magder, MPA ’92
Barbara M. Magnoni, MIA ’94
Alberta S. Magzanian, CERT ’56
Gloria Leila Mahnad, MIA ’10
Nishad Majmudar, MIA ’10
Haim Malka, MIA ’01
Jennifer Rebecca Malkin, MIA ’96
Roy Andrew Malmrose, MIA ’84
Joel Nordin Maloney, MIA ’96
Lawrence H. Mamiya, IF ’68
Angelo Michael Mancino, MPA ’03
Sunanda Mansingh Mane, MIA ’03
Andrew Thomas Mangan, IF ’84
John G. Manning, MIA ’70
Ida May H. Mantel, MIA ’64
Robert B. Mantel, MIA ’63
Thibaud Marcesse, MIA ’05
Sarah Louise Charity Marchal,
MPA ’04
Ashley Blythe Marcus, MIA ’06
William Marozas and Jennifer Lin
Marozas, MPA ’97
Frank J. Marsella, MIA ’76
Edward Adger Marshall, MIA ’03
Zachary Blake Marshall, MIA ’91,
IF ’91
Amanda Gilbert Marsted, MIA ’95
David Van Santvoord Martin, MIA ’98
Laura Lee Martin, MPA ’04
Fernando Martinez, MPA ’90
Michael G. Martinson, MIA ’70
Raul Kazimierz Martynek, MIA ’93
Jocelyn Maskow, MPA ’88
M. Haytham Matthews, IF ’78
Jeffrey Aaron Max, MPA ’04
Toby E. Mayman, MIA ’65
Geraldine Anne Mc Allister, MIA ’08
Kevin John McCaffrey, MIA ’09
Sissel Wivestad McCarthy, MIA ’92
Amanda Waring McClenahan,
MPA ’02
Barbara L. McCormick, MIA ’77
John Michael McCormick, MPA ’00
Michael I. McCormick, MIA ’97
Brian C. McDonnell, MPA ’80
Alan B. McDougall, MPA ’92
Clifford Andrew McGadney, MPA ’06
Heather R. McGeory, MIA ’05
Eugenia McGill, MIA ’00
Fred F. McGoldrick, MIA ’66
James D. McGraw, MIA ’55
Lisa McGregor-Mirghani, MIA ’94,
IF ’94
John T. McGuire, MIA ’63
Anne N. McIntosh, IF ’85, MIA ’85
DONOR LIST
Sarah Lynn McLaughlin, MPA ’98
Kathleen Roberta McNamara,
MIA ’89
Patricia Marie McSharry, MIA ’86,
CERT ’86
Mary Helen McSweeney-Feld,
MIA ’79
Laila M. Mehdi, MIA ’86
Claire Anne Bradt Meier, MIA ’04
Joslyn Edelstein Meier, MIA ’07
Maude Frances Meisel, CERT ’87
Catherine Rebecca Mendelsohn,
MIA ’96, IF ’96
Jack W. Mendelsohn, CERT ’77
Stuart Grant Meredith, MIA ’88
Stephanie Crane Mergenthaler,
MIA ’98
Michael G. Merin, MIA ’84, IF ’84,
CERT ’84
Alexandra Merle-Huet, MIA ’04
Samuel Austin Merrill, MIA ’99, IF ’99
Stephen Allen Messinger, MIA ’89,
IF ’89
Katherine M. Metres, MIA ’97, IF ’97
Jeffrey Peter Metzler, MPA ’99
Calvin Marshall Mew, IF ’72
Milton W. Meyer, MIA ’49
Frank J. Miceli, MIA ’92
Thomas R. Michelmore, MIA ’74
Bethany K. Mickahail, MIA ’82
Daniela Nemec Micsan, MIA ’83,
CERT ’83
Deborah Duff Milenkovitch
Carolyn Patricia Miles, MIA ’99
Pearl Rita Miles, MPA ’00
Catherine Johanna Miller, MPA ’10
Charles Russell Miller, MIA ’99,
CERT ’99
Harlan Ira Miller, MIA ’95
Heather A. Miller, MIA ’10
Jennifer A. Miller, IF ’85
Thomas P. Milligan, MIA ’85, IF ’85,
CERT ’85
Deborah Lynne Millman, MIA ’98
George R. Milner, MIA ’49 and
Norah Leckey Milner, MIA ’49
Edmund M. Mitchell, MIA ’73
Marilyn Mitchell
Kiyohiro Mitsui, MPA ’01
Makoto Miyaso, MIA ’01
Yusuke Miyazawa, MIA ’04
Majid Mokabberian
Redmond Kathleen Molz
Kathleen P. Mone, MPA ’81
Rose Everette Montas, MIA ’88
Tamala Treon Montgomery, MPA ’03
Jeffrey Gordon Moore, MIA ’85,
CERT ’85
Kenneth C. Moore
Anne Dowd Moretti, MIA ’82, IF ’82
Charlotte T. Morgan-Cato, MIA ’67
Nora J. Moriarty, MIA ’03
Ann Juanita Morning, MIA ’92
Anna Marisa Morris, MIA ’05
Helen Marie Morris, MPA ’07
James W. Morrison, MIA ’63
Amanda Rose Mosko, MIA ’07
Raymond Basho Mosko, MIA ’07
Henry W. Mott, CERT ’57
Linda A. Moulton, MIA ’82, CERT ’82
Daria Moylan, MIA ’91
Shubhendu Mukherjee, MPA ’04
Caroline Kagwiria Mukiira, MPA ’10
Anne M. Mullaney, MPA ’89
Catherine J. Mulvey, MPA ’05
Erika Munter, MIA ’96
Rachid Murad, MPA ’04
Christopher P. Murphy, MIA ’74
Zbigniew M. Muszynski and Maria
Muszynski
Rebecca Elizabeth Myers, MPA ’07
Robert O. Myhr, MIA ’62
James P. Nach, MIA ’66
Jonathan Jacob Nadler, MPA ’81
John H. Nahm, MIA ’00
Sawa Nakagawa, MIA ’09
Fumiaki Nakamura, MIA ’99
James I. Nakamura
Joseph Francis Napoli, MIA ’89
Richard B. Nash, IF ’83
Faridah Nassali, MIA ’10
Edward Joseph Naughton, MIA ’08
Olga Nedeljkovic
Stephen S. Nelmes, MIA ’73
Garth D. Neuffer, IF ’81
Richard T. Newman, MIA ’51
Taies Nezam, MIA ’96
David Michael Nidus, MPA ’98
George Nikas, MIA ’97
Christopher K. Nikolakopoulos,
MIA ’52
Eri Noguchi, MPA ’93 and Michael
Anthony Lewis
Rochelle A. Fortier Nwadibia, MIA ’82
Noreen O’Donnell, MIA ’97
Peter Damian O’Driscoll, MIA ’97
Steve Sohyun Oh, MIA ’07
Harry John O’Hara, MIA ’91, IF ’91 and
Annika Linden O’Hara, MIA ’91
Amy Elizabeth O’Keefe, MIA ’04
Amber Elana Oliver, MIA ’02, IF ’02
Irvin Washington Oliver, IF ’08,
MIA ’08
Clarence W. Olmstead, IF ’67
Shebna Nur Olsen, MPA ’08
Jill Mazza Olson, MPA ’95
Paul Victor Olsson, MIA ’87
Yalman Onaran, MIA ’93
Kevin P. O’Neil, MIA ’85
James Michael O’Neill, MIA ’02
Gwynne Arian Oosterbaan, MIA ’97,
CERT ’97
Mary Ann Oppenheimer, MIA ’69
John M. Orr, IF ’68
Angela Ortiz, MIA ’08
Bruce A. Ortwine, MIA ’78
Joseph Osenni, MPA ’79
Laura Otterbourg, MIA ’87
Jennifer Hirsh Overton, MPA ’93
Marilyn G. Ozer, MIA ’71
William M. Packard, IF ’70
Aasha C. Pai, MIA ’95
John F. Palmer, IF ’70
Gerard J. Papa, IF ’74
Constantine G. Papavizas, MIA ’81,
IF ’81
Michael Anthony Pardy, MPA ’08
Neal Barrett Parry, MPA ’06
Amitabh Passi, MIA ’05
Amal Shashikant Patel, MIA ’02 and Darcy
Diane Anderson, MIA ’02
Nirmala S. Patni, MPA ’01
Grant R. Patrick, MIA ’81
Susan C. Patterson, MIA ’77
Jessica Horan Payne, MPA ’02
Andrew Collins Peach, MIA ’98
Jon S. Pearl and Barbara S. Pearl
John Edward Peck, CERT ’91
Elena C. Pell, MPA ’86
Tom Pellens, MIA ’10
Chimie C. Pemba, MIA ’96
Jayne Cecere Peng, MIA ’83
Richard J. Pera, MIA ’79
Julissa Maria Perez
Steve A. Perez, MIA ’07
Jack R. Perry, CERT ’58
Hannah Toffey Peters, MIA ’87
Ned King Peterson, IF ’06, MIA ’06
Dennis E. Petito, MIA ’77
Martin Enrique Petrella, MPA ’04
Elizabeth M. Phillips, MIA ’79
Lyda Grace Phillips, CERT ’75
Verena Loven Phipps, MIA ’06
Maurice J. Picard, MIA ’61
Andrew J. Pierre, MIA ’57, IF ’57
Reka R. Pigniczky, MIA ’98
Jeffrey M. Pines, IF ’71
Vanessa Pino Lockel, MPA ’03
Tas Ling Pinther, MIA ’94
Robert Walter Pitulej, MPA ’96
Peter J. Podbielski, MIA ’74
Sarah Polen, IF ’99, MIA ’99
Sally Soo Hoo Pon, MPA ’82
Robert W. Pons, MIA ’64
Cody Thomas Pope
Margaret Edsall Powell, MIA ’01
Chandni Sivasriaumphai Prasad,
MIA ’96
Allison Marie Pretto, MPA ’98
Beatriz Prieto-Oramas, MIA ’05
Joseph Procopio, MIA ’72
Jelena Jovana Prosevski, MIA ’10
Ishrat Quadri
Glenda Liu Quarnstrom, MIA ’77,
CERT ’77
Peter William Quinn, MIA ’97, IF ’97
Keith Warren Rabin, MIA ’90
Jenik R. Radon
Chitra Raghavacharya, MIA ’01
Allison Joy Ramler, MIA ’96,
CERT ’96
Rene A. Ramos, MPA ’07
Timothy Paul Ramsey, MIA ’93
David J. Ransdell, MIA ’82
Adam Clive Raphaely, MPA ’07
Gary J. Reardon, MPA ’80
Eunice S. Reddick, IF ’74, MIA ’74
Beth Karen Rehman, MIA ’05
Hayes McCarthy Reisenfeld, MIA ’87
Samantha Ann Remeika, MPA ’08
Aaron Renfro, MPA ’04
Therese Ruth Revesz, MIA ’70
Michael I. Rhee, MIA ’94
Linda M. Richards, MIA ’78
S I PA
Scott Andrew Richman, MIA ’91
Margaret Anne Rietveld, IF ’87
William James Rigler, IF ’03, MIA ’03
Samuel Hamilton Rikkers, MIA ’04
Yaakov Ari Ringler, MPA ’05
Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez, IF ’77
Richard C. Robarts, IF ’61, MIA ’61
Richard G. Robbins, CERT ’65
Debra Leigh Robertson, MPA ’02
Sara E. Robertson, MIA ’84
Jean K. Robinson, MIA ’83
Lillian Rebecca Robison, MPA ’04
Dawn McGuinness Rodeschin,
MIA ’02
Alvaro Rodriguez, MIA ’99
Dorena Lynn Rodriguez, MPA ’96
Karen Rohan, MIA ’84
Paul Mauro Romita, MIA ’07
Rafi M. Rone, MPA ’99
Heidi S. Rosbe, MIA ’10
Smedes Rose, MIA ’94
Marian Rosen and Sean Rosen Mandel,
MPA ’07
Seymour M. Rosen, CERT ’52
Edward S. Rosenbaum, MIA ’77
Kathryn Ann Rosenblum, MIA ’86
Lossie Freeman Ross, MPA ’07
Susan A. S. Rosthal, MIA ’71
Barbara Ellen Rotenberg, MIA ’76,
CERT ’76
Heather Johnson Row, MIA ’84,
CERT ’84
Richard C. Rowson, MIA ’50
Patricia A. Roy, MPA ’04
Mark A. Ruben, MIA ’80
Moises Rudelman, MIA ’01
Robert R. Ruggiero
Andrew James Russell, MIA ’89
Nona J. Russell, MPA ’85
Benjamin Robert Ryan, MIA ’07
Carol Jean Ryan, MIA ’83
Ji-Yeon Ryu, MPA ’07
Margaret Heflin Sabbag, MIA ’98
Anthony R. Saccomano, MIA ’70
Daiji Sadamori, MIA ’74, CERT ’74
Haroon Saeed, MIA ’95
Carol R. Saivetz, MIA ’71, CERT ’71
Mark Edward Sajbel, MIA ’82
Melvin S. Sakazaki, MIA ’95
Anne O’Toole Salinas, MIA ’96,
CERT ’96
Joseph John Saltarelli, MIA ’83
Fernando S. Sanchez, MIA ’90
Sybil Bess Sanchez, MIA ’97
Stephanie Mara Sand, MPA ’05
Elizabeth Perschbacher Sands,
MPA ’07
Carlos Santiso, MIA ’95, IF ’95,
CERT ’95
Manabu Sasaki, MIA ’01
Yoichiro Sato, MIA ’09, IF ’09
Liliana Monk Schatz, MIA ’78
Carl Schieren, MIA ’67
Daniele Megan Schiffman, MPA ’02
Lilli Debrito Schindler, MIA ’90
Scott Ronald Schless, MIA ’87
Kurt A. Schreder, MIA ’93 and
Caroline Paulus Schreder, MIA ’92
S I PA N E W S 3 9
DONOR LIST
SI PA
Matthew Louis Schumann, MIA ’07
David J. Schurman, IF ’63
George David Schwab
Frederick D. Seaton, IF ’62, MIA ’62
Lynn A. Seirup, MIA ’80
Kaoruko Seki, MIA ’93, IF ’93
Albert L. Seligmann, MIA ’49
Irwin S. Selnick, CERT ’78
Marc Jay Selverstone, MIA ’92
Nina Maria Serafino, MIA ’76
Luca M. Sergio, MIA ’92
Karen Serota and Lauren C. Serota,
MIA ’05
Anuj A. Shah, MIA ’05
Katayoun Mary Shahrokhi, MIA ’08
Beth Shair, MIA ’94
Janet D. Shanberge, MIA ’78 and Robert
E. Burke
Jennifer Shaoul, MPA ’90
Paul A. Shapiro, MIA ’70
Amita Sharma, MPA ’08
Howard Jerome Shatz, MIA ’91
Elisabeth Day Sherwood, MIA ’95
Isha N. Sheth, MIA ’10
Betsy Pollack Shimberg, MPA ’97
Stephanie Renee Shore, MIA ’10
Karlan Ison Sick
Michael David Sieburg
Michael Silvia, MIA ’79
Melvyn J. Simburg, MIA ’71, IF ’71
Brett Nicholas Simon
Aaron Venn Singer, MPA ’04
Kuldip K. Singh, MIA ’77
Lori Rossner Skapper, MIA ’91
Ilana Hoffer Skoff, MIA ’90, CERT ’90
Richard Quentin Slinn, MIA ’91
Dorothee Cointreau Slovic, MIA ’05
Joseph C. Small, IF ’68 and
Alice K. Small
Susan V. Smith Santini, MPA ’93
Bruce L. R. Smith
Pinkney Craig Smith, CERT ’61
Sarah Smith, MIA ’81
Scott Seward Smith, MIA ’98
David Burton Snow, MIA ’98
Andrew James Snyder, MPA ’08
Roberto E. Socas, MIA ’55
Anastasia Sochynsky
Takahide Soeda, MPA ’10
Richard J. Soghoian, IF ’65
Stephen A. Sokol, MIA ’01
Debra E. Soled, MIA ’82, CERT ’82
Jan Solomon, CERT ’75
Christian R. Sonne, MIA ’62,
CERT ’62
Leanne Gayle Spees, MIA ’83
Molly Catherine Spencer, MPA ’97
Arthur Finn Spring, MIA ’88
Daniel Sreebny, MIA ’78
Robert Francis Staats, MIA ’83
Elizabeth Stabler, MIA ’56
Marisa C. Stadtmauer, MPA ’93
Gerald D. Stang, MIA ’10
T. Stapleton, MIA ’01
Adrienne Stein, MPA ’99
Walter Alan Stein, MIA ’69, CERT ’69
Claire S. Stelter
Loren M. Stephens, MIA ’67
Alan Stern, MIA ’68/Alan Stern Fund
4 0 S I PA N E W S
Clyde Donald Stoltenberg, MIA ’85
Harold Lee Stone, MPA ’91
John Kelly Strader, MIA ’80,
CERT ’80
Jukka-Pekka Strand, MIA ’07
Matthew Trombley Stubbs, MPA ’05
Diane R. Suhler, MIA ’73
J. Scott Sutliff, MIA ’92
Stephen B. Sweet, MIA ’94
Jahan Fard Tabatabaie, MIA ’01
Anne Bernadette Talley, MIA ’94
L. Trigg Talley, MIA ’92
Alice Ayling Tan, MPA ’01
Di Tang, MIA ’05
Virginia M. Tarris, MIA ’76
Eda Franzetti Tato, MIA ’80
LeAnn D. Tavtigian, MIA ’87
Natasha M. Taylor, MIA ’10
Sharyn Menegus Taylor, MIA ’85
Teresa E. Teixeira, MIA ’91
Carlos Felix Terrones, MPA ’08
Sharmila Rao Thakkar, MPA ’00
Monica A. Thakrar, MIA ’00
Trin Jeff Thamkittikasem, MPA ’03
Yasmine R. Thiam, MIA ’80
Trevor Graeme Thomas, MIA ’04
Paul A. Thompson, MIA ’73
Jennifer Rachel Thomson, MIA ’97
Anna Throne-Holst, MIA ’06
Meghan E.W. Tierney, MIA ’07
Raphael S. Tisch, MPA ’08
Stephen E. Tisman, IF ’72
Richard Stephen Tobin, MPA ’08
Elizabeth Anne Toder, MIA ’96
Alper Sadik Tokozlu, MIA ’01
Rebecca Rosenblum Tolson, MIA ’94
Page C. Tomblin, MPA ’01 and
Dan Wilson
David E. Tornquist, MPA ’82
Jennifer Elizabeth Toth, MIA ’04
Ruth E. Townsend
John Christopher Traylor, MPA ’89
Tatiana G. Tresca, MPA ’96
Jennifer Andich Trotsko, MIA ’97,
CERT ’97
John Matthew Trott, MPA ’92
Thierry Trottereau Eskenazi, MPA ’07
United Ways of the Greater New York,
New Jersey and Connecticut
Tri-State Area
Lhakpa Tsering, MIA ’93
Fredrick Stephen Tuemmler, MIA ’89
Alisa Fatma Tugberk de Macedo,
MIA ’06
Alper A. Tunca, MPA ’05
Rebecca Hales Tunstall, MIA ’04
Robert F. Turetsky, MIA ’72
Felicity Williams Turner, MIA ’04
Jaroslav B. Tusek, MIA ’75
Sharmila Hainum Tuttle, MIA ’05
Melinda Macdonald Twomey, MIA ’84
John Franklin Udochi, MIA ’03
Natalia Udovik, MIA ’69
Yuki Uehara, MIA ’04
John Karl Urda, MIA ’91, CERT ’91
Barbara A. Van Geyzel, MIA ’77
Lucia Vancura, MIA ’06
Lynette Munez Vanderwarker,
MPA ’99
Victoria Vanunu, MIA ’98
Galina Varadzhakova, MIA ’96, IF ’96
Jorge Luis Vargas, MIA ’98
Herbert Paul Varley, CERT ’61
Christopher Michael Vaughn, IF ’98,
MIA ’98
Edward J. Vernoff, MIA ’68
Dario Enrique Vilchez, MIA ’10
Gregory Alexander Viscusi, MIA ’91,
IF ’91
Shivaji Vohra
Carrie Staub Vomacka, MIA ’06
Ulric Erickson Von Allmen, MIA ’94
Conrad Martin von Igel, MPA ’07
Stephanie Von Stein, MIA ’93
Alexander von Ziegesar, MIA ’05
Matthias Georg Wabl, MIA ’02, IF ’02
Kenichi Wada, MIA ’05
Clark David Wagner, MIA ’85
Linda Mary Wagner, MPA ’08
Maria M. Waite-Nied, MPA ’82
Sarah A. Walbert, MIA ’80
Robert Kimball Wallace, IF ’67
Jeffrey Gene Waller, MIA ’02
Stephen Christopher Wamback,
MPA ’90
Jing Wang, MPA ’02
Deborah Elizabeth Ward, MPA ’94 and
Ivan de Jesus Gonzalez, MPA ’98
Carl Thomas Watson, MIA ’04
Christina Anne Way, MIA ’05
Kempton E. Webb
Marian Lillian Weber, MPA ’07
Egon E. Weck, MIA ’49
Kimberly Anne Wedel, MPA ’88
Benjamin Richard Weil, MIA ’92,
CERT ’92
Alicia Deborah Weinstein, MPA ’01
Paul J. Weinstein, MIA ’87
Paula K. Weiss, MIA ’08
Dorothea Y. T. Weissman
Michael Weitz, MIA ’71
Marilyn S. Wellemeyer, MIA ’68
Olaf Wentrup, MIA ’07
Szczepan Wesoly
Donald F. Wheeler, CERT ’71
Raymond D. White, IF ’64
Thomas Whitford, MPA ’95
Gordon James Whiting, IF ’93
William Fifield Whitman, MIA ’97,
IF ’97
Dana Lynn Wichterman, MIA ’88
Helgard Wienert-Cakim, MIA ’62
Elizabeth Roberts Wilcox, IF ’94,
CERT ’94
H. David Willey, IF ’63
Robyn Lee Williams, MPA ’06
Ellen Katherine Wilson, MIA ’93
Ross L. Wilson, MIA ’79
Merle Beth Wise, MPA ’88
Jennifer B. Witriol, MIA ’05
Anna Wojnarowska, MPA ’04
William D. Wolle, MIA ’51
Donna C. Wonnacott, CERT ’60
Stephanie L. Woodard, MIA ’10
Brian J. Woods, MPA ’02
Gilda Gates Wray, MIA ’66
Carl Jeffrey Wright, IF ’82
Eliza M. Wright, MIA ’10
Chang-Chuan Wu, CERT ’69
Norman G. Wycoff, MIA ’50
Steven H. Wycoff
Bernice Esi Yalley, MPA ’06
Kyunghee Yang, MPA ’00
Sonia Eun Joo Yeo, MIA ’00
David Yuriy Yesilevskiy, MIA ’09
Drew M. Young, MIA ’72, IF ’72,
CERT ’72
Miriam A. Young, MIA ’91, CERT ’91
William Jack Young, MPA ’90
Catherine L. Yu-Mark
Alicia A. Zadrozna-Fiszman
Zahid Zakiuddin and Shaziae Pirzada,
MIA ’86
Michael Shiel Zdanovich, MIA ’88
Laura Ellen Zeiger Hatfield, MIA ’89
Boris Victor Zemtzov, MIA ’87
Rachel Zenner Kane, MPA ’98
Jianhua Zhang, MIA ’03
Tong Zhang, MPA ’05 and Yan Sun
Lu Zhou, MPA ’05
Andrew W. Zimmerman, IF ’68
Jonathan Zorach, CERT ’72
matching gift companies
234 Moonachie Corporation
Accenture Foundation, Inc.
American Express Foundation
The Bank of New York Mellon
Foundation
Carnegie Corporation of New York
Constellation Energy Group
Foundation, Inc.
Deutsche Bank Americas Foundation
ExxonMobil Foundation
Gannett Foundation, Inc.
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
HSBC Bank USA
IBM International Foundation
J.P. Morgan Chase Foundation
MBIA Foundation, Inc.
The McGraw-Hill Companies
Foundation, Inc.
Merrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc.
MetLife Foundation
The David and Lucile Packard
Foundation
Public Service Electric and Gas Co.
RBC Capital Markets Corporation
The Rockefeller Foundation
The Siragusa Foundation
The Coca-Cola Foundation
The Washington Post Co.
Wells Fargo Foundation
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