USADA gegen Armstrong, sein Team und die UCI

Transcription

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USADA gegen Armstrong, sein Team und die UCI
Tausend USADA-Seiten auf 35 komprimiert – wann immer möglich wurden nicht die
USADA-Interpretationen sondern die Originaltexte der Zeugenaussagen verwendet
Inhalt
Seite
1
USADA-Text – zentrale Feststellungen zu Lance Armstrong und dessen
Team
2
2
USADA-Text – zentrale Feststellungen zur UCI
5
3
Zeugen-Aussagen, dass in Lance Armstrongs jeweiligem Team
systematisch und praktisch zu jeder Zeit gedopt wurde
9
4
Für welchen Zeitraum haben die gegenüber der USADA aussagenden
Sportler Doping gestanden?
10
5
Welche Sportler außer den unter 4 genannten wurden in den ZeugenAussagen als Doper genannt
11
6
Zeugen-Aussagen zur Doping-Praxis in anderen Teams
12
7
Exemplarische Zeugen-Aussagen zur Doping-Praxis in Lance Armstrongs
Team
20
8
Doper müssen damit rechnen alle 50 Jahre erwischt zu werden
33
Diese Zusammenstellung beruht auf Dokumenten, die von Jens Weinreich in dessen
Diskussionsforum zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Die rot eingerahmten Texte sind originale
Zeugenaussagen. Alle englischen Texte sind direkt aus der USADA "Reasoned Decision"
übernommen, sofern nicht anders ausgewiesen.
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1
USADA-Text – zentrale Feststellungen zu Lance Armstrong
und dessen Team
1.1
Grundsätzliche Bemerkungen
I. SUMMARY OF USADA’S REASONED DECISION (Seiten 5-7): The evidence is
overwhelming that Lance Armstrong did not just use performance enhancing drugs, he
supplied them to his teammates. He did not merely go alone to Dr. Michele Ferrari for doping
advice, he expected that others would follow. It was not enough that his teammates give
maximum effort on the bike, he also required that they adhere to the doping program outlined
for them or be replaced. He was not just a part of the doping culture on his team, he enforced
and re-enforced it. Armstrong’s use of drugs was extensive, and the doping program on his
team, designed in large part to benefit Armstrong, was massive and pervasive.
.........
Twenty of the twenty-one podium finishers in the Tour de France from 1999 through 2005
have been directly tied to likely doping through admissions, sanctions, public investigations
or exceeding the UCI hematocrit threshold. Of the forty-five (45) podium finishes during the
time period between 1996 and 2010, thirty-six were by riders similarly tainted by doping.
1.2
Dopingnachweis ist auch mit Zeugenaussagen möglich und
erfordert keinen Substanznachweis in Blut oder Urin
Dies ist an sich selbstverständlich, da schon der Besitz oder die Weitergabe von bestimmten
Substanzen als Dopingdelikt gilt und Besitz und Weitergabe nicht im Urin oder Blut
dokumentiert werden können.
Means of Proof: Non-Analytical Evidence (Seite 15): The World Anti-Doping Code
specifies that doping can be proved by “any reliable means.” This case was initiated by
USADA based on evidence other than a positive drug test. It is not necessary for there to
have been a positive drug test in order for a rule violation to have been established and
many cases reflect this principle.
Der WADA-Code zur Thematik lautet wörtlich:
[Comment to Article 3.2: For example, an Anti-Doping Organization may establish an antidoping rule violation under Article 2.2 (Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or
Prohibited Method) based on the Athlete’s admissions, the credible testimony of third
Persons, reliable documentary evidence, reliable analytical data from either an A or B
Sample as provided in the Comments to Article 2.2, or conclusions drawn from the profile of a
series of the Athlete’s blood or urine Samples.]
2
1.3
Strategien des Armstrong-Teams zur Vermeidung positiver
Dopingtests
Es gab in Relation zur langen Dauer der Karriere nur sehr wenige Dopingtests bei
Lance Armstrong (ab Seite 129):
Lance Armstrong, his teammates and the doctors and employees of the U.S. Postal Service
and Discovery Channel teams employed a wide variety of techniques to attempt to avoid a
positive drug test. It has been a frequent refrain of Armstrong and his representatives over
the years that Lance Armstrong has never had a positive drug test. As discussed in the
affidavit of Dr. Larry Bowers, that does not mean, however, he did not dope. Nor has
Armstrong apparently had nearly as many doping tests as his representatives have claimed.
USADA has tested Mr. Armstrong on less than sixty occasions. The UCI has been quoted as
saying their records indicate slightly over 200 tests for Mr. Armstrong. Thus, the number of
actual controls on Mr. Armstrong over the years appears to have been considerably fewer
than the number claimed by Armstrong and his lawyers.
Avoiding testers during window of detection: The most conventional way that the U.S.
Postal riders beat what little out of competition testing there was, was to simply use their wits
to avoid the testers.
Tyler Hamilton summarized: We also had another time honored strategy for beating the
testing – we hid. At the time, the whereabouts programs of drug testing agencies were not
very robust, the UCI did not even have an out of competition testing program. If a tester did
show up, you typically would not get a missed test even if you decided not to answer the
door. In any case, there was no penalty until you had missed three tests. So, avoiding testing
was just one more way we gamed the system. The first rule of EPO use was to inject
intravenously, the second rule was to use the drug in the evening and the third rule “was to
always try to hide from testers and . . . try not to get tested.” The riders were advised to not
answer the door if a tester came after they had used EPO. David Zabriskie was also told that
it was better to inject at his friend’s residence than at his own because Zabriskie, a U.S. rider,
was more likely to be tested in Europe by USADA than were most riders from other
countries.
Es gab offenbar ein Informationssystem, das das Armstrong-Team vor
bevorbestehenen Dopingkontrollen warnte (Seite 133): Also, the team staff was good at
being able to predict when riders would be tested and seemed to have inside information
about the testing. For instance, according to David Zabriskie, “Johan [Bruyneel] always
seemed to know when drug testers were coming at races. His warning that ‘they’re coming
tomorrow’ came on more than one occasion.”Jonathan Vaughters said, “[t]he Postal Service
staff, including Johan and the soigneurs seemed to have an outstanding early warning
system regarding drug tests. We typically seemed to have an hour’s advance notice prior to
tests. There was plenty of time in advance of tests to use saline to decrease our hematocrit
level.”758 At the 2009 Tour de France the AFLD conducted joint testing with UCI testers and
recorded in their official report that “the Astana team, of which Lance Armstrong was a
member, benefited from privileged information or timing advantages during doping control
tests.”
3
Herr Armstrong und seine Kollegen öffneten im Zweifelsfall nicht die Tür für den
Kontolleur. Oder man ließ ihn einfach sitzen und kam erst nach z.B. 20 Minuten zurück
(Seite 135): Moreover, even when he was located for testing there were occasions when
Armstrong did not immediately submit to testing. For instance, on one occasion in France in
2009 he left the tester for 20 minutes, ignoring requests to stay within an area that permitted
observation. Avoiding testers was a very effective and easily implemented technique used by
Postal Service riders to avoid a positive drug test and one in which Mr. Armstrong engaged.
Using undetectable substances and methods (Seite 135): The most frequently used
prohibited substances and methods employed by the U.S. Postal Service and Discovery
Channel cycling teams were blood doping, EPO, testosterone (the “oil” and patches), human
growth hormone and cortisone. During the period from 1998 through 2005 there was no
available testing methodology to detect either blood doping or human growth hormone.765
Thus, these doping methods could be used without fear of getting caught. A slight risk in
using blood doping was going over the 50% UCI “no-start” hematocrit threshold, but even
that was not a doping violation. However, this risk was relatively minimal as it could be easily
managed through the use of saline infusions.
EPO was not detectable until 2000 and, even now, the testing window in which EPO can be
detected is very narrow, and for U.S. Postal Service riders this window was narrowed further
because, as described below, Dr. Ferrari was aware that by injecting EPO in the vein rather
than subcutaneously a rider would only potentially test positive for a matter of hours. As
described below, the delivery methods for testosterone (sublingually through an Andriol-olive
oil mixture or through wearing patches for a few hours) were also specifically chosen to limit
the window of detection. Because testosterone is naturally produced by the human body it is
difficult to detect synthetic testosterone taken in low doses. Therefore, the risk of detection for
testosterone administered in the forms used by U.S. Postal Service riders was quite low.
Finally, cortisone could be taken without risk of a positive drug test because its use was only
prohibited if the rider did not have a medical need for it. The U.S. Postal Service/Discovery
Channel doctors would simply provide false declarations of medical need to use the
cortisone so that there was never risk of a positive test.
Understanding limitations to the testing methods (Seite 137): Dr. Ferrari recognized that
the EPO testing method works through separating and measuring the quantity (known as
“intensity”) of various types of EPO and comparing the ratio of EPO bands in what is known
as the “basic” region (where the bands tend to be caused by the administration of synthetic
EPO) to bands in the acidic region (where the bands are naturally produced). However,
because the test operates by measuring a ratio, the test can be fooled to a degree by
increasing the amount of EPO in the acidic region (i.e., those produced naturally), which can
be accomplished by stimulating natural production of EPO either through going to altitude or
by sleeping in an altitude tent (also known as a “hypoxic chamber”).
4
2
USADA-Text – zentrale Feststellungen zur UCI
2.1
Hinweise auf Verstrickung der UCI in die Affäre
Die USADA wirft der UCI vor, sich für die Beurteilung der Armstrong-Sachverhalte
disqualifiziert zu haben, weil sie öffentlich die Glaubwürdigkeit der Zeugen und
Beweiskraft der Fakten in Abrede gestellt hat, bevor sie sie kannte.
Folgendes Tygart-Zitat in einer Zeitschrift (welche?) bringt die USADA-Position am besten
auf den Punkt:
"We set forth our position on why they were conflicted in this case on many different
grounds," said Tygart, "They accepted money from him [Armstrong], they accused us of a
witch-hunt (without seeing any evidence), they sued the chief whistleblower, they discouraged
witnesses from participating."
An sich sagt die USADA zwischen den Zeilen, die UCI sei Teil des Dopingsystems (ab Seite
160):
Further, UCI is conflicted out of any role in results management in this case because it has
publicly prejudged the credibility of the witnesses and the evidence. In 2010 when Mr. Landis
publicly raised his allegations of Mr. Armstrong’s doping, in an Associated Press article UCI
President McQuaid responded before undertaking any investigation whatsoever, contending
that Mr. Landis’ allegations in his April 30, 2010 email were “nothing new” and that, “he
already made those accusations in the past.” Rather than investigate the allegations, instead
the UCI sued Mr. Landis. Similarly, when Tyler Hamilton publicly explained his knowledge of
Mr. Armstrong’s doping in a 60 Minutes interview nationally telecast in the United States and
reported around the world in May, 2011, the UCI’s Honorary President and current UCI
Management Committee Member,
Hein Verbruggen, stated: That’s impossible, because there is nothing. I repeat again: Lance
Armstrong has never used doping. Never, never, never. And I say this not because I am a
friend of his, because that is not true. I say it because I’m sure.”
These comments during the pendency of USADA’s investigation by the UCI’s Honorary
President, who also currently serves on the UCI Management Committee, are further
evidence that even before USADA’s investigation was complete the contention that Mr.
Armstrong engaged in doping was pre-judged and rejected by the UCI, despite the fact that
neither Mr. McQuaid, nor Mr. Verbruggen, nor any other representative of the UCI, have met
with Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Landis, or apparently, with any other of USADA’s numerous witnesses
concerning these matters.
As set forth in the affidavit of former professional cyclist Jörg Jaksche, the UCI has
responded with similar disdain and disinterest towards other cyclists that have tried to bring
forth evidence of the serious extent of doping within the peloton. After coming forward and
admitting doping in 2007, Mr. Jaksche spoke with UCI lawyers and officials, including Mr.
McQuaid, seeking to explain the level of doping that had been taking place on Team
Telekom, ONCE, CSC and Liberty Seguros, however, according to Mr. Jaksche, “the UCI
showed zero interest in hearing the full story about doping on these teams and did not seek
to follow up with me.” Rather, Jaksche reports that “McQuaid told me he would have liked me
5
to have handled things differently from which I can only conclude he wished I had not been
as forthcoming regarding the degree of doping that was taking place in the peloton.”
Similarly, after Italian cyclist Filippo Simeoni testified regarding Dr. Ferrari’s involvement in
doping and was given a reduced sanction by the Italian cycling federation for his substantial
assistance UCI appealed seeking to impose a lengthier sanction upon a rider who had
provided invaluable assistance to a law enforcement investigation of doping in cycling. When
the foregoing is combined with the UCI’s prejudgment of evidence in this case, it is clear that
UCI is conflicted out of any results management role in this case.
2.1
Zeugenaussage Jörg Jaksches zur Untätigkeit der UCI, als dieser
sie über die Doping-Praxis verschiedener Teams informierte
Er hat der UCI von intensivem systematischem Team-Doping berichtet. Die UCI hat darauf
nicht reagiert und ihm vorgeworfen nicht gut mit seinen Doping-Bekenntnissen umgegangen
zu sein (nach seiner Zeugenaussage).
41
Following my admissions to public authorities regarding my doping I spent hours talking with
the UCI in 2007. I spoke to UCI lawyers, to Anne Gripper, who was then head of anti-doping
for the UCI, and to UCI President Pat McQuaid. I wanted to be fully transparent regarding
my doping and the anti-doping rule violations of others and to fully explain the level of doping
of which I was aware and that was taking place on Team Telekom, ONCE, CSC and Liberty
Seguros during my time in professional cycling. However, the UCI showed zero interest in
hearing the full story about doping on these teams and did not seek to follow up with me.
42
Moreover, despite my efforts to assist in cleaning up cycling the UCI attempted to push for
two years of ineligibility in my case, and Pat McQuaid told me he would have liked me to have
handled things differently from which I can only conclude he wished I had not been as
forthcoming regarding the degree of doping that was taking place in the peleton.
43
To the best of my knowledge, information and belief the UCI did not forward on any evidence
of doping that I had provided to them. I have never been subsequently called in for any follow
up by the UCI.
2.3
Hinweise dafür, dass die UCI positive Dopingproben Lance
Armstrongs unter den Tisch fallen ließ
USADA-Text:
2001 Tour of Switzerland Samples (Seiten 144-145): The 2001 Tour du Suisse (Tour of
Switzerland) was conducted from June 19 – 28, 2001. Dr. Martial Saugy, the Director of the
WADA-accredited anti-doping laboratory in Lausanne, Switzerland, has confirmed to both
USADA and the media that his laboratory detected a number of samples in the 2001 Tour du
Suisse that were suspicious for the presence of EPO. Dr. Saugy also told USADA that upon
6
reporting these samples to UCI, he was told by UCI’s Medical Commission head that at least
one of these samples belonged to Mr. Armstrong, but that there was no way Mr. Armstrong
was using EPO.
On May 27, 2011, Dr. Saugy told Cycling News that four of the urine samples taken at the
2001 Tour de Suisse were labeled “suspect” and that a sample was considered “suspect”
when it “showed between 70 and 80% of the typical EPO parameters (basic area
percentage). That meant the probability of doping was high, but because such a result can
also be produced naturally, it was all about excluding false positives.”
Zeugenaussage Tyler Hamiltons zur positiven Probe von 2001
88.
Lance, however, had even more direct ways to game the system. Lance told me that he had
actually tested positive for EPO on a test at the 2001 Tour of Switzerland. He said, however,
that his people had been in touch with UCI, they were going to have a meeting and everything
was going to be ok. By this I understood that Lance'
s positive drug test for EPO was simply
being ignored by the UCL.
Zeugenaussage Floyd Landis` zur positiven Probe von 2001
17
Armstrong also divulged during the same rides in or around June 2002 that he had used EPO
himself since early in his professional bicycle racing career. Specifically Armstrong stated
that in 2001, the first year the EPO test was used, he had been told by Dr. Ferrari, who had
access to the new test, that he should not use EPO anymore subcutaneously, but he did not
believe Dr. Ferrari and continued to use it. Armstrong started that he subsequently tested
positive for EPO while winning the Tour de Suisse, the month the Tour de France in 2001, at
which point he and Mr. Bruyneel flew to the UC headquarters and made a financial
agreement with Dr. Hein Verbruggen, head of UCI at the time, to keep the positive test hidden.
2.4
Kleinigkeit am Rande: Lance Armstrongs sehr freundschaftliches
Verhältnis zu Hein Verbruggen
Tom Danielson
49
At the training camp in Solvang, California I was around Lance Armstrong from time to time.
On one such occasion he got a phone call and I stood next to him while he had a very relaxed
conversation with someone he was calling „Hein.“ After he finished the call he told me, „That
was Hein Verbruggen.“ I was impressed that he had a friendly and casual relationship with
the President of the UCI.
7
2.5
Lance Armstrong nutzte nach Zeugenaussagen seine Beziehungen
zur UCI, um Konkurrenten im Dopingwettstreit zu schwächen
Tyler Hamilton
102
On June 10, 2004, I was second to Iban Mayo in the 4th stage of the Dauphiné which went up
Mount Ventoux (the Mountain known as "Giant of Provence"). Both Mayo and I bested
Jonathan Vaughters'time record for the climb up Mount Ventoux, and Lance Armstrong
finished fifth in the stage and would ultimately finish fifth in the general classification for the
Dauphiné. It was clear at this point that if we stayed healthy Mayo and I would be serious
threats for Lance to contend with at the Tour coming up in just a few weeks.
103
I later heard from Floyd Landis that Lance had stormed onto the team bus after the stage on
June 10 throwing things and swearing. That same afternoon Landis had overheard Lance call
UCI President Hein Verbruggen and say words to the effect of: „You have got to get these
guys, Hamilton and Mayo are not normal“.
104
As I recall, Floyd said, „called Hein, after Ventoux. Said you guys and Mayo were on some
new shit, told Hein to get you. He knew they'
d call you in. He'
s been talking shit nonstop. And
I think it'
s right that you know.“
105
Soon after this stage I got a call from the UCI asking me for a meeting at UCI headquarters.
106
I latter received a letter from the UCI dated June 10, 2004, stating, „We hereby inform you
that during the blood checks that took place during the Tour de Romandie 2004 (Switzerland),
the test results showed an abnormal profile. Indeed, your blood values showed strong signs
that could lead to think about a possible manipulation. Therefore, we inform you that we will
give special attention to your monitoring (doping tests) during the 2004 season.“ A true and
accurate copy of this letter is attached to this Affidavit ad Attachment B.
108
A few days later I traveled to UCI headquarters to meet with Mario Zorzoli of the
UCI concerning my blood test results from the Tour of Romandie.
8
3
Zeugenaussagen, dass in Lance Armstrongs jeweiligem Team
systematisch und praktisch zu jeder Zeit gedopt wurde
Folgende Personen haben ausgesagt, im jeweiligen Armstrong-Team wurde zu der vom
jeweiligen Sportler überblickten Zeit systematisch und jederzeit gedopt. Daran beteiligt waren
demnach die Teamleitung, die Ärzte und Trainer sowie Dr. Michele Ferrari. Betreuer waren
dabei auch als Beschaffer oder Händler der Dopingmittel beteiligt.
Radsportler:
•
Frankie Andreu
•
Christian Vande Felde
•
Michael Barry
•
Floyd Landis
•
Levi Leipheimer
•
Jonathan Vaughters
•
David Zabriskie
•
Tyler Hamilton
•
Tom Danielson
•
George Hincapie
•
Stephen Swart
Die Aussagen von Leonardo Bertagnolli und Volodymyr Bileka sind auf Italienisch verfasst
und für mich nicht verstehbar. Die Aussage von Fillipo Simeoni war für mich nicht zu öffnen.
Andere Zeugen
•
Betsy Andreu
•
Emma O'
Reilly
9
4
Für welchen Zeitraum haben die gegenüber der USADA
aussagenden Sportler Doping gestanden?
Frankie Andreu:
1998 bis 2000 (Karriere-Ende)
Christian Vande Felde:
1999 bis 2006
Michael Barry:
1999 bis 2006
Floyd Landis:
Jonathan Vaughters:
David Zabriskie:
2003 bis 2006
Tom Danielson:
2004 bis 2007
George Hincapie:
1996 bis 2006
Stephen Swart:
Start nicht angegeben bis 1995 (Karriere-Ende)
Tyler Hamilton:
Februar 1997 bis Karriere-Ende 2009
Levi Leipheimer:
Mitte 1999 bis 2007
Jörg Jaksche:
1999 bis 2005? oder 2006? (Karriere-Ende)
Frage:
Gibt es eine Verjährungsfrist? Auffällig viele Doping-Stopps in
2006
10
5
Welche Sportler außer den unter 4 genannten wurden in den
Zeugen-Aussagen als Doper genannt (Namen der "Rider 1 - 21"
pseudonymisiert)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
K. Livingston Zeugenaussage Hamilton (47, 48, 56, 57, 69, 70), Andreu (26, 46, 49),
Hincapie (57)
Rider 1
Zeugenaussage Danielson
Rider 2
Zeugenaussage Danielson, Landis
Rider 3
Zeugenaussage Hamilton
Rider 4
Zeugenaussage Hincapie, Jaksche (Bobby Julich und Andrea Peron
kommen hier in Betracht beim Abgleich der Aussagen)
Rider 5
Zeugenaussage Hincapie, Landis, Zabriskie
Rider 6
Zeugenaussage Hincapie, Landis
Rider 7
Zeugenaussage Hincapie, Landis, Jaksche
Rider 8
Zeugenaussage Hincapie, Landis, Zabriskie
Rider 9
Zeugenaussage Landis, Vande Felde
Rider 10
Zeugenaussage Landis
Rider 11
Zeugenaussage Landis, Vande Felde
Rider 12
Zeugenaussage Landis
Rider 13
Zeugenaussage Leipheimer
Rider 14
Rider 15
Rider 16
Rider 17
Zeugenaussage Vande Felde
Rider 18
Zeugenaussage Vande Felde
Rider 19
Zeugenaussage Vande Felde, Zabriskie
Rider 20
Zeugenaussage Zabriskie
Rider 21
Zeugenaussage Zabriskie
Victor Hugo Pena (nur als Dr. Ferrari-Kunde benannt) (Barry Statement 33)
Checu Rubiera (nur als Dr. Ferrari-Kunde benannt) (Barry Statement 33)
Axel Mercks (nur als Dr. Ferrari-Kunde benannt) (Andreu Statement 49)
11
6
Zeugenaussagen zur Doping-Praxis in anderen Teams
Hinweise für systematisches Doping bei
•
Motorola (Frankie Andreu, Stephen Swart)
•
Team Saturn (Michael Barry, Levi Leipheimer)
•
Credit Agricole (Jonathan Vauhters. Michael Barry, unsicherer Beleg)
•
Fassa Bortolo (Tom Danielsen)
•
CSC (Tyler Hamilton)
•
Phonak (Tyler Hamilton) (kein sicherer Beleg für systematisches Doping)
•
Comptel Colorado Cyclist (Levi Leipheimer)
•
Rabobank (Levi Leipheimer)
•
ONCE (Christian Vande Felde, Jörg Jaksche)
•
Liberty Seguros (Jörg Jaksche)
•
Porcelena Santa Clara (spanisches Team) (Jonathan Vaughters)
•
Team Telekom T-Mobile (Jörg Jaksche)
Es gibt auch Hinweise für ehrliche Teamleitungen. Jedenfalls hat sich Levi Leipheimer bei
"Gerolsteiner" Dopingmittel von seinen alten Dealern vom Armstrong-Team besorgt - was
auch immer dies bedeuten mag.
Die wörtlichen Zitate aus den offiziellen Protokollen der USADA sind rot eingerahmt. Die
Zahlen vor den Statements entsprechen der Originalnummerierung der Zeugenaussage.
„xxxxx“-Buchstaben bedeuten, dass hier der Name im veröffentlichten Protokoll der
Aussagen unkenntlich gemacht worden ist. „Rider-1“ oder „Other-1“ steht für eine bestimmte
pseudonymisierte Person.
Comptel Colorado Cyclist
Levi Leipheimer
Kein sicherer Beleg für systematisches Doping
22
While riding with Comptel – Colorado Cyslist in 1997 one of my teammates was
Jonathan Vaughters. Jonathan discussed with me his use of erythropoietin (EPO)
which apparently began when he had previously competed for a Spanish team.
23
By 1999 I had come to believe that in order to be successful in professional cycling
it was necessary to use performance enhancing drugs.
12
Motorola-Team
Frankie Andreu
24
Over time a general consensus arose on the Motorola team that it would be necessary for us
to use EPO to help in racing because there were so many riders against whom we were
competing that were using EPO.
26
In 1996 Kevin Livingston and I drove together to Switzerland to purchase EPO. We went to a
pharmacy in Switzerland and each purchased EPO for our own use.
Stephen Swart
5
In 1994 and 1995 I was teammates with Lance Armstrong on the Motorola Cycling Team.
6
The day after the Milan-San-Remo Race in 1995 I went on a training ride in Como when the
subject of EPO us was discussed.
7
Lance Armstrong was the leading the conversation and stated strongly that the riders who
were in line to ride the Tour De France that year needed to begin an EPO program.
8
Prior to the start of Tour Of Switzerland I obtained EPO from a pharmacy in Switzerland an
began using EPO.
9
I understood that my other teammates on the 1995 Tour de France team including Lance
Armstrong were using EPO.
10
As a result of our EPO use the team had a centrifuge to check each rider'
s hematocrit level
(i.e., percentage of blood cells).
11
I recall that during the 1995 Tour de France most of the riders, including Mr.
Armstrong had a hematocrit above 50.
Phonak
Tyler Hamilton
Die Aussage belegt nur, dass er während dieser Zeit gedopt hat, nicht jedoch, dass die
Mannschaft systematisch Doping betrieben hat.
99
In 2004 I moved to the Phonak team where I would be the team leader. On CSC I
had been one of multiple teammates gunning for the general classification in the Tour, but
now the team would be built to try to put me on the podium. I wasgunning for the top spot in
the Tour in the year in which Lance would go for a potential record setting sixth straight Tour
de France victory.
13
Team Saturn
Michael Barry
21
Over the three and a half seasons I rode for Saturn, I can only recall being offered a
prohibited substance on one occasion. It occurred at the 1999 Tour of Langkawi. I placed well
at the time and the team director, xxxxx, offered me some Synacthen because I was doing well
in the race. I was not familiar with Synacthen so I asked xxxxx questions about the product
before he injected it in me. I felt pressured by xxxxxx to take the product in order to improve
my chances of winning the race. I had told at the start of that season that I was not interested
in doping but he offered me the Synacthen anyway, and I accepted.
Levi Leipheimer
24
I was offered EPO in 1999 while on the Saturn team. The EPO was offered by “Other-7”
cycling coach with whom I worked in 1999, 2000 and 2001. I debated internally about
whether to us EPO for about six months before trying EPO during the second half of the 1999
season.
25
I got EPO from “Other-7” for three (3) years and paid him for the EPO separately from what
I paid him for coaching me.
26
During this time period I administered EPO through subcutaneous injection and followed the
instructions on the package insert on how to inject it.
27
“Other-7” put together my training plans and instructed me when to use the EPO. He also
advised that I get a centrifuge to monitor my hematocrit, and I did this.
Credit Agricole
Michael Barry
49
Prior to the start of the 2003 season, I moved out of the apartment I had shared with Christian
Vande Velde and xxxxxxx during the 2002 season and into an apartment that had been
vacated after the 2002 season by Jonathan Vaughters. Just like the prior year, Jonathan had
failed to clear out the apartment prior to moving out. There were empty EPO vials, used
testosterone patches in Credit Agricole team bags, and used syringes under the bed and in the
closet. Fortunately, Christian was available to help me clear out all of Jonathan'
s things and
get moved into the apartment.
Jonathan Vaughters
89
I was surprised to learn how little doping there appeared to be on Credit Agricole, and there
was no organized team doping program. I continued to use small amounts of leftover EPO
that I had from my Postal Service days but began to evaluate whether I would continue using
drugs in order to stay in the sport as a professional rider.
14
Fassa Bortolo
Tom Danielsen
25
The team doctor „Other-1“ (who is currently the team doctor for Liquigas-Cannondale) said
that some riders had second or third apartments which they used to store their performance
enhacing drugs. I also came to understand that the wives of my teammates were serving as
drug runners.
29
Eventually, he set up what he called a „test“ with Dr. Michele Ferrari. Ferretti was very
secretive about the meeting. I was not allowed to speak with Dr. Ferrari prior to the meeting
and had to go through a third person to learn the arrangements for the meeting.
31
I was told that the location for the „test“ would be on a road in the Italian countryside near
Bologna. I was instructed to go by myself in a Fassa car with no team markings.
32
Dr. Ferrari met me in a camper.
CSC
Tyler Hamilton
89
In July 2001 Lance Armstrong won his third Tour de France.
90
By the end of the season I had signed with another team, Team CSC.
91
When I met with des CSC Team Director “Other-2” he quickly referred me to the Spanish
doping doctor, Dr. Eufemiano Fuentes, for blood transfusions.
93
“Other-2” also connected me with Dr. Luigi Cechini who assisted with my training. Dr.
Cechini was aware of my relationship with Dr. Ferrari and, therefore, my doping but never
provided any doping products to me and never encouraged me to dope.
135
In 2005 I joined the CSC Cycling Team and I rode for CSC until the end of 2007. During my
time with CSC I used cortisone once (with a doctor'
s note) a testosterone once but
increasingly regretted the decision I had made to compromise and use performance enhancing
drugs. Eventually, outside the pressure of an organized team doping program I decided that I
would only continue in the sport if could ride clean. Since April 2006 I have not used any
banned substances.
Jörg Jaksche
28.
I left the ONCE Cycling Team after 2003 season and joined the CSC Cycling Team in 2004.
My team director on the CSC team was Bjarne Riis.
29.
One of my teammates on CSC in 2004 was “Rider-4”. I observed “Rider-4” receiving
cortisone from CSC doctors in 2004. I observed on a list written by our team doctors that
“Rider-4” had a hematocrit value over 50.
15
ONCE
Jörg Jaksche
19
I left Team Telekom and joined the Spanish professional cycling team ONCE in 2001. The
team director at ONCE from 2001 – 2003 was Manolo Saiz.
22
Team Director Saiz made clear that the ONCE team doctors were to be obeyed when they
prescribed a substance for the rider.
23
Doping on the ONCE team during the period 2001 – 2003 was organized by ONCE'
s team
doctor Pedro Celaya.
24
I understand that Dr. Celaya had previously worked as the team doctor for the U.S. Postal
Service Team. I also understand that Dr. Celaya was most recently a team physician for the
Radio Shack Cycling Team.
25
I was not told by Dr. Celaya what drugs I was being given but I was expected to take what I
was given. One of the substances provided by Dr. Celaya was injections of a clear liquid thas
raised my hematocrit. From my experience I understood, though I did not ask, that this
substance was EPO. The injections were given subcutaneously most of the time but in the 5-6
days prior to a race were given intravenously.
26
Dr. Celaya also provided injections of a recovery product which was a clear liquid that was
frozen. I recall waiting for the liquid in these syringes to thaw, and believed this product to be
GH or IGF-1.
27
Other drugs provided were corticosteroids for which prescriptions were falsified. Celaya also
assisted riders to reduce their hematocrit when it got too close to the 50 percent limit. The
practices here included saline injections administered by Celaya (which I did not receive but
was aware of).
41
Johan explained to me that he had known Dr. del Moral while Johan was on the Spanish team
ONCE; Run by the well known Team Director Manolo Saiz.
42
Manolo Saiz would later be implicated in doping his riders in the Operación Puerto doping
investigation. I would later ride for Manolo Saiz'
s team in 2004 and experience firsthand the
doping on his team.
Liberty Seguros-Würth
Jörg Jaksche
36
I moved from CSC to Liberty Seguros-Würth team in 2005. My name appeared in Fuentes’
files on the 2005 cycling calendars of the Liberty Seguros-Würth team, indicating the
competitions in which each rider would participate, which were seized from the Fuentes
group. Like cyclist “Rider-7” my name was on at back of a document in Dr. Fuentes’ file,
under the heading “individualization.”
16
41
Following my admissions to public authorities regarding my doping I spent hours talking with
the UCI in 2007. I spoke to UCI lawyers, to Anne Gripper, who was then head of anti-doping
for the UCI, and to UCI President Pat McQuaid. I wanted to be fully transparent regarding
my doping and the anti-doping rule violations of others and to fully explain the level of doping
of which I was aware and that was taking place on Team Telekom, ONCE, CSC and Liberty
Seguros during my time in professional cycling. However, the UCI showed zero interest in
hearing the full story about doping on these teams…..
Rabobank
Levi Leipheimer
49.
I continued to use EPO while with Rabobank in 2002, 2003 and 2004, and was also assisted in
using it by the Rabobank team doctor”Other-8” from whom I purchased EPO.
50
During my time on Rabobank I was aware that “Rider-14” was using EPO, and on several
occasions we discussed his EPO use.
Porcelena Santa Clara
Jonathan Vaugthers
20
During the period 1994 – 1996 I raced in Europa for a small Spanish professional team
known as Porcelena Santa Clara.
21
I first used EPO on the Porcelena Santa Clara team. The team doctor provided it to me on the
theory that it would simply bring me back to my natural hematocrit level and prevent me from
being anemic.
22
At this point I used 1000 international units about three time a week, for one month.
Team Telekom
Jörg Jaksche
14
After I joined Telekom in 1999, at the traditional team training camp in January in Mallorca I
was told by "Other-4" of the Freiburg Clinic that I should see him if I needed anything.
15
I received an initial delivery of between 20,000 and 30,000 units of EPO from "Other4"withoout a prescription. For this delivery, like subsequent ones, I paid "Other-4" in cash. I
also received from "Other-4" a summary on the optimum use of EPO and how to check
hematocrit levels with a centrifuge. I obtained a centrifuge in 1999 as well. I received EPO
deliveries from the Freiburg Clinic via either courier or post, or I went and picked up the EPO
myself from the Freiburg Clinic.......
18
After I left Team Telekom (subsequently known as T-Mobile), the team signed former U.S.
Postal Service Rider Kevin Livingston. Around this time I had a conversation with a T-Mobile
rider who told me that one of the reasons that Kevin Livingston was brought to T-Mobile in
17
2001 was to provide insight into the U.S. Postal Service doping program. This rider also
subsequently told me that Livingston revealed that U.S. Postal was doing blood transfusions in
2000 (before the other teams in the peleton were doing it).
Gerolsteiner
Levi Leipheimer
Während seiner Gerolsteiner-Zeit hat er gedopt, aber offenbar ohne Unterstützung durch die
Teamleitung.
52
Before the 2005 season I left the Rabobank team to join the Gerolsteiner Cycling Team.
53
While with the Gerolsteiner team in 2005 I talked with Pepe Marti at a race and asked if he
could get me some EPO. Pepe agreed to provide EPO to me. He told me, however, not to tell
Johann Bruyneel that Pepe was providing drugs to a rider from a rival team.
54
I purchased EPO from Pep von numerous occasions in 2005 and 2006. I also received
testosterone from Pepe.
55
On one occasion in 2005 I met Pepe at a rest stop south of Girona, and, in addition to EPO
for me, he gave me EPO and other drugs to provide to George Hincapie and Michael Barry
who were on the Discovery Channel team which Pepe was workingfor at the time. As
resquested by Pepe, I delivered the drugs to George and Michael.
56
I trained with Michael Barry on many occasions during 2005 and 2006 and we discussed the
performance enhancing drugs we were using. I recall that Michael was trying hGH and using
EPO, testosterone patches and a testosterone product known as the „oil.“
18
7
Exemplarische Zeugenaussagen zur Doping-Praxis in Lance
Armstrongs Team
Die Zeugenaussagen enthalten vielfältige Aussagen zum Dopingprogramm vieler Sportler
und wie welche Ärzte und Trainer als Betreuer und Händler beteiligt waren. Die
nachfolgenden Abschnitte befassen sich ausschließlich mit dem Aspekt Lance Armstrong.
Das "Krankenzimmer-Geständnis"
Frankie Andreu
31
On October 27, 1996 my then fiance, now wife Betsy, and I went to Indianapolis, Indiana to
visit Lance Armstrong who was there at Indiana University Hospital for cancer treatment. We
stayed until October 29.
32
At this time I considered Lance to be one of my closest friends. Betsy knew Lance fairly well
form having attended cycling races where Lance and I were racing together. When Betsy
visited me in Como, Italy we would frequently hang out with Lance at this house or go to
dinner. A group of us was gathered with Lance at this hospital and two men in with coats,
presumably doctors, entered to talk with Lance and began asking questions. Those present in
the room with Lance and the doctors were me and Betsy, Chris Carmichael and this then
girlfriend now wife Paige, Lance`s girlfriend at the time Lisa Shiels, and Stephanie McIlvain.
33
I presumed the men asking questions were doctors and Betsy suggested we should leave the
room so that Lance could habe some privacy. However, Lance said that everyone should stay.
34
Among the questions asked by one of the doctors was whether Lance had used performance
enhancing drugs. Lance responded that he had taken EPO, testosterone, growth hormone,
cortisone and steroids.
Betsy Andreu
Identische Aussage wie die des Ehemanns Frankie Andreu.
Tyler Hamilton
65.
In 2000 while we were in Nice Betsy Andreu discussed with me that she had overheard Lance
discussing the performance enhancing drugs he had been using when she and Frankie had
visited Lance at an Indiana hospital during this cancer treatment.
66.
We all knew that Betsy was opposed to doping, and whenever she was around the
conversation could not got to doping.
19
Piero Boccarossa
Eine Aussage, dass Frau Andreu ihn unmittelbar nach Armstrong‘s KrankenzimmerGeständnis angerufen und über das Doping berichtet hat. Gleichlautende Zeugenaussagen
gaben auch ab: Dawn Polay, Lory Testasecca.
9
In October of 1996, I received a call from Betsy. We only spoke for a short while but it I could
tell right away that she was very upset. Betsy is like a sister to me and we would often talk
when she had a tough question or was trying to work through a difficult problem.
10
Betsy explained to me that she and Frankie were in Indianapolis visiting one of Frankie`s
teammates, Lance Armstrong, who was in the hospital for cancer treatments. I had never met
Lance but I knew who he was both because of this connection to Frankie and because I had
been a cycling fan.
11
Betsy told me that during their visit to the hospital earlier that day, while his visitors were still
in the room, she heard Lance tell his doctors that he had used banned performance enhancing
drugs during his cycling career. She said that she immediately pulled Frankie into the hallway
after hearing Lance`s admission and started grilling him over the use of performance
enhancing drugs on this cycling team.
12
I recall that Betsy was only able to stay on the phone for a short time, so I did my best to calm
her down and told her that we would talk again when she got back to Michigan from
Indianpolis.
20
1996 und vorher
Georg Hincapie
23
In 1995 there appeared to me to be a major change in the peloton. It was becoming very
difficult to keep up, and I learned that the reason was the widespread use of erythropoietin
(„EPO“), a banned blood oxygen booster for which there was, at the time, no effective doping
test. As the speed of the peloton increased we seemed to be confronted with the choice of using
EPO or not performing well in races.
24
At this point in time people in the peloton were talking about EPO quite openly.
25
I recall that around this time Dr. Michele Ferrari, an Italian physician working with cyclists
was quoted as saying that EPO was no more dangerous than orange juice.
26
I also recall talking with my teammate Stephan Swart who said everybody was taking EPO.
27
Around this time we got crushed in the Milan-San Remo race and coming home from the race
Lance Armstrong was very upset. As we drove home Lance said, in substance, that „this is
bull shit, people are using stuff“ and „we are getting killed.“ He said, in substance, that he
did not want to get crushed any more and something needed to be done. I understood that he
meant the team needed to get on EPO.
32
It soon became clear to me that most of the riders, if not everyone on the team, were using
EPO. EPO need to be kept cold and the guys began carrying around coolers and coffee
thermoses with ice in them. I generally recall that almost everyone on our team had a thermos.
33
Our performance began to improve. Lance started to do better. “Rider 4” did very well at the
Vuelta a Espana. We all routinely acknowledged that the improvements came about through
use of EPO.
34
I understood that by 1996 Lance hat also begun working with Dr. Ferrari.
35
In 1996 customs seized EPO that I had with me when entering to U.S. I told them it was
medicine, and I was allowed to retain it.
36
In 1997 I began riding for the U.S. Postal Service Cycling Team.
37
Pedro Celaya was the team doctor for the U.S. Postal Service Team and I received EPO from
him beginning in 1997. Dr. Celaya provided me EPO on several occasions in 1997, and I used
EPO in completing my first Tour de France that year.
51
Johan knew about my drug use and from time to time he facilitated it by providing drugs to
me.
52
For instance, after the Tour of Valencia in 1999 Johan Bruyneel provided hGH to me at my
request. I paid Johan for the hGH.
53
Lance told me that he stopped using hGH after his cancer. I understand, however, that he
used hGH before he contracted cancer.
21
Stephen Swart
5
In 1994 and 1995 I was teammates with Lance Armstrong on the Motorola Cycling Team.
6
The day after the Milan-San Remo race in 1995 I went on a training ride in Como when the
subject of EPO use was discussed.
7
Lance Armstrong was the leading the conversation and stated strongly that the riders who
were in line to ride the Tour De France that year needed to begin an EPO Program.
8
Prior to the start of Tour Of Switzerland I obtained EPO from a pharmacy in Switzerland and
began using EPO.
9
I understood that my other teammates on the 1995 Tour de France team including Lance
Armstrong were using EPO.
10
As a result of our EPO use the team had a centrifuge to check each rider`s hematocrit level
(i.e., percentage of blood cells).
11
I recall that during the 1995 Tour de Fance most of the riders, including Mr. Armstrong hat a
hematocrit above 50.
1997
Emma O.Reilly
60
Approximately two weeks after the Tour of Denmark the U.S. Postal Service team competed in
the Tour of the Netherlands.
61
On the final day of the race I used one of the team cars to give Lance Armstrong a ride to the
airport.
62
When we arrived at the airport Lance gave me a small package wrapped in plastic. He
explanted that the package contained some things that he was uneasy traveling with and had
not wanted to throw away at team hotel. He then asked me if I would be willing to dispose of
it for him on the way to my next destination
63
From Lance`s explanation and the shape and feel of the package I assumed that the package
contained syringes that had been used by Lance during the Tour of the Netherlands. I do not
know what the syringes were used for; but if they had been used to administer legitimate
recovery products then there is no reason they could not have been disposed of by a doctor or
trainer at the team hotel.
22
1998
USADA wörtlich (Seite 16): “Seven (7) eyewitnesses from the 1998 U.S. Postal Service
cycling team have provided testimony to USADA regarding doping on the team in 1998.30
USADA also received testimony from two (2) additional witnesses, Italian professional cyclist
Filippo Simeoni and Betsy Andreu, regarding events they witnessed in 1998 that were
relevant to USADA’s investigation.”
Jonathan Vaughters
36
Lance and Christian and I competed in the 1998 Vuelta a Espana from September 5-27, 1998.
Prior to the 1998 Vuelta I could not have said with absolute certainty that Lance Armstrong
was using EPO. I suspected that he was. He would frequently joke about doping. He had been
a successful pro for nearly six years, and I knew how prevalant EPO use was in the peloton.
37
I also knew that Lance had a thermos. Now, having a thermos is not prohibited, but I had a
thermos and I knew that I, like many cyclists at the time, used a thermos to carry ice in order
to keep the EPO I was using cold. I had never seen Lance drinking coffee or any other
beverages out of this thermos, and I, therefore, suspected he was using it for EPO.
40
……….. One evening I was in Lance’s room borrowing his laptop, and Lance was brushing
his teeth. To the best of my recollection this was the evening that we were in Andorra, which
would have been September 15, 1998. After brushing his teeth, and with me still in the room,
Lance gave himself a subcutaneous injection in the stomach with a very short insulin syringe
for the sort used for EPO injections. After giving himself the injection Lance said words to the
effect of „Now that you are doing EPO too, you can`t go write a book about it.“ From that
point on, while I was on the U.S. Postal Service team; Lance was open with me about his use
of EPO.
41
Later toward the end of the 1998 Vuelta we were getting toward the end of a long difficult day.
We were fighting a crosswind and the peloton was strung out. Lance and Christian and I
riding together, and Lance said to me, „I didn`t bring cortisone. I need someone to go back to
the car and get cortisone for me. At that point I think Christian and I looked at Lance like he
was crazy, but we dropped back to the team car. I told Jonny Weltz the team director what
Lance wanted and Jonny said, „I don`t have cortisone in the car.“ Jonny then told me to wait
a second and he took a knife and whittled down an aspirin and wraped the aspirin in to tin foil
so that it looked like a cortisone tablet. Christian and I then rode back up to Lance and gave
him the fake cortisone tablet.
46
At the World Championships Lance and Christian and Dr. Celaya and I stayed at a bed and
breakfast. The Individual bedrooms opened into a single common area. One morning a UCI
drug tester showed up to test us and began to set up in the common area. At that point, Dr.
Celaya went out to the car and retrieved a liter of saline. He hid the saline under this raincoat,
walked right past the UCI tester and went into Lance`s room, closed the door and
administered the saline to lower Lance`s hematocrit level.
47
Later, Dr. Celaya and I had a good laugh about how he had been able to smuggle in saline
and administer it to Lance essentially under UCI inspector`s nose.
23
1999
USADA wörtlich (Seite 20): “Seven (7) eyewitnesses from the 1999 U.S. Postal Service
cycling team have provided testimony to USADA regarding doping on the team in 1999.
USADA also received testimony from two (2) additional witnesses, Italian professional cyclist
Filippo Simeoni and Betsy Andreu,” regarding events they witnessed in 1999 that were
relevant to USADA’s investigation.
Tyler Hamilton
35
In Mai of 1999 I was in Nice at Lance and Kristin Armstrong`s villa. My hematocrit was
down, and I asked Lance if he had any EPO I could borrow. Lance directed me to the
refrigerator where the EPO was next to the milk. I helped myself to a vial.
36
Like most of the riders Lance had a thermos to keep his EPO cool when traveling. I can recall
his soigneur Emma O`Reilly getting ice for Lance`s thermos.
37
I met Dr. Michele Ferrari in the Spring of 1999 due to my relationship with Lance. During
1999 and 2000 Dr. Ferrari assisted me with my training because I was working out frequently
with Lance, but I did not pay Dr. Ferrari for his services although I understood that Lance
was paying him. In 2001 I paid Dr. Ferrari to assist me. Dr. Ferrari would meet us at various
locations in Europe where he would generally weigh us, conduct a climbing test or series of
climbing tests and measure our blood parameters and lactate level.
39
Dr. Ferrari injected me with EPO on a number of occasions. The first was in this camper at
Sestriere during training in 1999. Another occasion was in March 2001 at a training camp in
Tenerife where we had gone for altitude training. This camp lasted approximately two weeks
and every second or third day Dr. Ferrari gave me an injection of EPO in my hotel room.
Lance attended this training camp along with me and several other members of the U.S.
Postal Service cycling team.
41
On several occasions, including at least once during the 1999 Tour de France, Lance squirted
the „oil“ in my mouth following a stage of a race.
42
Lance kept a bottle of the „oil“ in this race bag and I saw him use it on many occasions.
George Hincapie
55
In 1999 I used EPO in the lead up to the Tour de France. This EPO was provided by Pepe
Marti who lived about 3 hours from where I lived in Girona, Sapain. I lived in Girona for
parts of the year from 1997 through 2010.
56
I was aware that Lance Armstrong was using EPO in 1999.
57
During the 1999 Tour de France I knew that Tyler Hamilton and Kevin Livingston
were using EPO.
58
I also observed Frankie Andreu being injected with EPO by Dr. del Moral in 1999.
24
Betsy Andreu
33
One time when Frankie was away racing, Lance, Kristin, Pepe, the trainer for the team, and
Pepe`s girlfriend Isabella, Kevin Livingston and I believe his fiance, Becky Burnett, and I had
dinner at the Villa dÈste restaurant in Nice. We hat to meet for dinner later than usual
because Pepe and Isabella were traveling from Spain. I was told that the purpose of Pepe`s
trip was to bring Lance EPO and it was safer to cross the border at night and this was the
reason for the lateness of our dinner. On this evening after dinner, I was going to walk home,
and Lance insisted on driving me because it was too late for me to walk home alone. We went
to the car, and Pepe gave Lance a brown paper bag. Lance held up the bag and smiled,
commenting „liquid gold“ as he opened the car door for me.
34
In March of 1999, Lance, Kristin, Frankie and I drove to Milan for the Milan-San Remo
classic bike race. On the way to Milan, we stopped at the parking lot of a hotel/gas station
outside of Milan off the highway so Lance could meet up with Dr. Michele Ferrari. I thought it
was odd we were meeting a doctor this way so I asked why Lance was meeting Ferrari not at
the race but rather in this peculiar covert manner. Lance answered „ So the fucking press
doesn`t hound him.“ Lance went into the camper for about an hour. Kristin, Frankie and I
wasted time while we waited for Lance. When Lance got into the car, he was obviously
excited. „My numers are great!“ he exclaimed. Ferrari came to the car also to say hi. That`s
where I met him. As we continued our trip, Lance commented that Frankie could get results
too but that he was „too cheap.“ Frankie didn`t respond. After we got out of the car, Frankie
said to me, „Sure I dont`t want to spend the money, but I don`t want that shit in my body.“
37
The next day Kristin and I followed the route of the race which finished in San Remo. I was
curious if Kristin knew and/or approved of performance enhancing drugs especially given our
stop to see Ferrari on the way to Milan. During the many hours we were together and in the
car, I asked Kristin her thoughts about EPO. I said something like, „What is your feeling
obout this EPO?“ Kristin`s response was along the lines of „It`s a necessary evil.“ I
understood from this response that Kristin was aware that Lance was using EPO, but wasn`t
concerned about it. Kristin and I had a very nice time together.
Jonathan Vaughters
83
On that occasion we discussed the incident at the 1999 Tour where Lance tested positive for
cortisone, and I was told that Lance`s positive arose from an intramuscular injection of
Kenacort around the time of the Rout du Sud and that the saddle sore cream story had been
developed to hide this impermissible use of cortisone.
25
2000
USADA wörtlich (Seite 37): “Five (5) eyewitnesses from the 2000 U.S. Postal Service
USADA also received testimony from Italian professional cyclist Filippo Simeoni regarding
events he witnessed in 2000 that were relevant to USADA’s investigation.
Tyler Hamilton
69
On a sunny morning in June of 2000, on the Tuesday following the Daupine Libere, Lance
Armstrong, Kevin Livingstone and I boarded a private jet in Nice, France for a quick flight to
Valencia, Spain.
70
It was my first time in a private jet. Lance, Kevin and I joked around. Johan Bruyneel
explained to us that five hundred cc`s of blood would be withdrawn from each of us to be
reinfused the following month during the Tour de France.
73
After landing we went to a hotel in Valencia.
74
Dr. Michele Ferrari and Dr. Luis Garcia del Moral and Pepe Marti were waiting for us at the
hotel.
75
Ferrari and del Moral supervised the extractions process.
76
We were told that Marti and del Moral would be responsible for reinfusing the blood during
the Tour.
77
The whole process took only about an hour and then it was time to do training ride down the
coast.
George Hincapie
50
I was generally aware that Lance was using testosterone throughout the time we were
teammates. For instance at a race in Spain in 2000 Lance indicated to me he had taken
testosterone. Lance told me that he was feeling good and recovered, that he had just taken
some „oil.“ When I heard that drug testing officials were at the hotel, I texted Lance to warn
him to avoid the place. As a result, Lance dropped out of the race.
Tyler Hamilton
79
We received our blood transfusion during the 2000 Tour de France on the evening of July 11
in the Hotel I’Esplan in Saint-Paul-Trois-Cateaux near Mount Ventoux. The whole process
took less than 30 minutes. Kevin Livingston and I received our transfusions in one room and
Lance got this in an adjacent room with an adjoining door. During the transfusion Lance was
visible from our room, Johan, Pepe and Dr. del Moral were all present and Dr. del Moral
went back and forth between the rooms checking on the progress of the re-infusions. Each
blood bag was placed on a hook for a picture frame or taped to the wall and we lay on the bed
and shivered while the chilly blood re-entered our bodies. Kevin, Lance und I joked about
whose body was absorbing the blood the fastest.
26
2001
USADA wörtlich (Seite 45): Five (5) eyewitnesses from the 2001 U.S. Postal Service cycling
team have provided testimony to USADA regarding doping on the team in 2001.204 A sixth
eyewitness, professional cyclist Michael Barry, provided testimony regarding his
observations at a team training camp at the end of 2001 as Barry prepared to ride with the
team during the 2002 season. A seventh eyewitness, former U.S. Postal Service team
member Jonathan Vaughters, provided testimony regarding relevant conversations with
Lance Armstrong in 2001.
Tyler Hamilton
83
Before the 2001 cycling season I was in Massachusetts and I did not have access to EPO. I
had a quarterly health check and my hematocrit was around 40. I called Lance on the phone
and asked if he could send me EPO. Lance agreed, and several days later the EPO arrived in
the mail.
84
In 2001 Dr. Ferrari told Lance that he could continue to use EPO in competition if he
microdosed EPO and slept in an altitude tent. His explanation was that the altitude tent would
boost the natural production of EPO and throw off the EPO test.
85
Dr. Ferrari`s strategy was also to inject smaller doses directly into the vein, rather than
subcutaneously, so the drug would clear the system more quickly.
87
We also had another time honored strategy for beating the testing – we hid. At the time, the
whereabouts programs of drug testing agencies were not very robust, the UCI did not even
have an out of competition testing program. If a tester did show up, you typically would not
get a missed test even if you decided not to answer the door. In any case, there was no penalty
until you had three missed tests. So, avoiding testing was just one more way we gamed the
system.
Betsy Andreu
63
Lance was clearly very upset with LeMond`s comments. Lance, continued, „How dare he say
what he said with Ferrari when he opened the floodgates for EPO usage. I`m going to make
one phone call to John Burke and fucking shut him up.“ I asked John Burke was and was told
he owned Trek, the bike company that sponsored Lance as well as made Greg LeMond`s
bikes.
64
During this conversation Lance never denied or disputed using performance enhancing drugs
but merely criticizing him.
George Hincapie
78
From my conversations with Lance Armstrong and experiences with Lance and the team I am
aware that Lance used blood transfusions from 2001 through 2005.
27
2002
USADA wörtlich (Seite 54): “Five (5) eyewitnesses from the 2002 U.S. Postal Service cycling
team have provided testimony to USADA regarding doping on the team in 2002.”
115
In August after winning this 4th Tour in a row Lance Armstrong called me up and asked me to
come to this apartment in Girona to discuss my role with the team.
118
When i arrived I saw that Armstorng was accompanied by Dr. Ferrari. At that point I realized
that Lance wanted to talk about more than just my performance in races.
119
Lance began without any small talk and got right to the point. He told me that he felt I was
not serious about my preparation for cycling and hat not been following Dr.
Ferraris`program.
120
Armstrong told me that if I wanted to continue to ride for the Postal Service team I would
have to use what Dr. Ferrari had been telling me to use and would have to follow Dr…..
121
The conversation left me with not question that I was in the doghouse and that the only way
forward with Armstrong`s team was to get fully on Dr. Ferrari`s doping program.
122
Johan Bruyneel confirmed this a few days later when he referenced to meeting with
Armstrong and Ferrari and said he expected to see improvement.
Floyd Landis
12
On or about June 2002, at the end of the 2002 Dauphine Libere cycling road race and prior to
the start of the 2002 Tour de France, I was a approached by Mr. Bruyneel in my hotel room in
Grenoble, France. In that meeting, Mr. Bruyneel told me that, when I arrived in St. Moritz,
Switzerland, Lance Armstrong would give me some testosterone patches and that team adviser
and Italian physician Dr. Michele Ferrari („Dr. Ferrari“) would help me extract a half liter
of blood to me re-infused the Tour de France.
14
Following my conversation with Mr. Bruyneel, I flew on a helicopter with Armstrong from the
finish of the Dauphine Libere to St. Moritz, Switzerland. Upon arrival, I went to defendant
Armstrong`s apartment, where Mr. Armstrong gave me a package of 2,5 ml testosterone
patches in front of Mr. Armstrong`s wife at the time, Kirsten Armstrong.
17
Armstrong also divulged during the same rides in or around June 2002 that he had used EPO
himself since early in this professional bicycle racing career.
21
During the 2002 Tour de France, I was transfused with the half liter of my blood that had
been previously extracted. The transfusion took place during stage 8 of the Tour de France,
the evening before the individual time trial. The USPS team doctor, Luis Garcia del Moral
(aka „El Gato“) asked me to come to his room where I met Armstrong. Armstrong and I then
laid on opposite sides of the bed and received re-infusions of a half-liter of blood each while
Bruyneel sat in a chair watching and commented on how well we were going to race the
following day in the time trial.
28
2003
USADA wörtlich (Seite 60): “In addition to the records from Ferrari’s Swiss company, five (5)
eyewitnesses from the 2003 U.S. Postal Service cycling team have provided testimony to
USADA regarding doping on the team in 2003.303 Frankie and Betsy Andreu also provided
testimony regarding relevant events in which they personally participated in 2003.”
Floyd Landis
24
In or around January 2003, I crashed during training and broke my right hip, requiring
surgery. Following a second surgery on my hip in or around May 2003, I flew to Valencia to
meet Bruyneel and the team Doctor so that they could inspect my hip. After training for a
period of time at that location, I flew to Gerona, Spain. Once there, pursuant to prior
instructions given to me by Bruyneel, I went to Armstrong`s apartment, where I met Dr.
Ferrari, who drew half a liter of blood and placed it in a refrigerator hidden in the closet of
the master bedroom. The bag was stored in the refrigerator along with several other bags of
blood that were already inside.
25
Shortly thereafter, Armstrong asked me to stay in the apartment to take care of the blood
being stored in the refrigerator there. Armstrong explained to me that he would be gone for a
few weeks to train, so he wanted me to check the temperature of the blood each day and make
sure there were no problems with the electricity or the refrigerator. I agreed to this request
and stayed in the apartment.
28
In July 2003, during the 2003 tour de France, I witnessed many members of the USPS team
(in addition to myself) receiving transfusions of their previously extracted blood. I witnessed
these transfusions on two separate occasions.
29
On the first occasion, on or about July 11, 2003, before Stage 7, I was contacted by Bruyneel
and told to go the team doctor`s room to have my transfusions done. Dr. Luis Garcia del
Moral met me there to do the transfusion. I recall Armstrong, and additional USPS Team
cyclists George Hincapie, Rider-5 and Rider-7 were all there and had their transfusions done
by the doctor at the same time.
30
On the second occasion, on or about July 17th, after Stage 11, I was contacted by Mr.
Bruyneel and again told to go to the team doctor`s room for my transfusion. Dr. Luis Garcia
del Moral met me there to do the transfusion. I recall that USPS Team cyclists Rider-5, Rider7, Rider-2, Rider-8, George Hincapie (my roommate at this time and Armstrong were all there
and hat their transfusions done by the doctor at the same time.
33
Because the withdrawal of two units of blood hat left my hematocrit levels quite low, Bruyneel
instructed me to meet Armstrong at his apartment to get some EPO from him.
34
I subsequently went to Armstrong`s Gerona apartment and happened to encounter Mr.
Armstrong along with his wife and children in the entryway of the building. Mr. Armstrong
then handed me a box of EPO in full view of his then wife and three children. The EPO was
Eprex by brand and came in six pre-measured syringes. Per the instructions of Mr. Bruyneel, I
used the EPO intravenously for several weeks during training. Then, shortly before the Vuelta
a Espana race, Dr. Luis Garcia del Moral transfused the two half liters previously withdrawn
extracted another two.
29
George Hincapie
74
In 2003 Lance Armstrong contacted me about needing to do something private at my
apartment in Girona because he had guests at his apartment. I agreed and Lance came to my
apartment with Dr. del Moral. Lance and Dr. del Moral went into my bedroom and Dr. del
Moral was carrying what I thought was a blood bag. He asked to borrow a coat hanger and
Lance and Dr. del Moral closed the door behind them. They were in the room about 45
minutes to an hour which is about the time it generally takes to re-infuse a bag of blood. I
know from experience that when blood is re-infused a common practice is to tape the blood
bag to a coat hanger and hang the hanger on the wall to facilitate transfer of the blood into
the vein. Although we did not discuss the incident, I believed that Dr. del Moral was reinfusing blood for Lance as Dr. del Moral had followed a similar procedure when re-infusing
my blood on prior occasions.
75
While blood was re-infused during competitions in order to enhance performance, blood, was
also periodically re-infused at other times in order to keep the blood fresh.
30
2004
USADA wörtlich (Seite 64): „Four (4) eyewitnesses from the 2004 U.S. Postal Service cycling
team have provided testimony to USADA regarding doping on the team in 2004.356 USADA
has also received testimony from two (2) additional professional cyclists, Italian rider Filippo
Simeoni and U.S. rider Tom Danielson….”
Levi Leipheimer
72
As we worked on our own blood program in 2005 Floyd discussed this blood doping on the
U.S. Postal Service Team. Floyd told me about an incident during the 2004 Tour de France in
which he said that the entire team received blood transfusions on the team bus following a
stage in the Tour. He told me that Lance was present in the bus and received a transfusion at
that time.
David Zabriskie
52
In 2005, Floyd told me of another incident that had happened in 2004. Lance Armstrong had
asked Floyd to check on Lance`s blood bags in Lance`s apartment while Lance was out of
town. Floyd showed me that he still had the keys to Lance`s apartment. He told me that the
blood was kept in the refrigerator and that the temperature in the refrigerator needed to be
checked regularly so that the blood would not go bad.
George Hincapie
76
After a stage during the 2004 Tour de France blood transfusions were given on the team bus
to most of the riders on the team.
77
On another occasion during the Tour de France in 2003 or 2004 Lance said to me, „I am
going to be 500 grams heavier today.“ I understood this to mean he had received a blood
transfusion.
Floyd Landis
40
On or about July 12, 2004, blood was transfused into me and a few other members of the
team, including Armstrong, George Hincapie and Rider-10. Mr Bruyneel`s assistant (Other)
(Other-3) brought the blood to a hotel room where the team was staying, and the team doctor
Dr. Pedro Celaya did the re-infusions.
41
On the second occasion, the transfusion was performed on the team bus on the ride from the
finish of a stage to the hotel during which time the driver pretended to have engine trouble
and stopped on a remote mountain road for approximately an hour, so the entire team could
have half a liter of blood transfused. This was the only time that I ever saw the entire team
being transfused in plain view of all the other riders and bus driver. That team included
Armstrong, George Hincapie and me as the only Americans. The other USPS riders receiving
transfusions included Rider-10, Rider-2, Rider-11, Rider 12, Rider-6, and Rider-5.
31
2005
USADA wörtlich (Seite 75): “Three (3) eyewitnesses from the 2005 Discovery Channel
Three (3) additional professional cyclists, Levi Leipheimer, Floyd Landis and David Zabriskie,
also provided eyewitness testimony regarding relevant events occurring in 2005. USADA has
also received testimony and other evidence from Frankie and Betsy Andreu pertaining to
relevant events in which they personally participated in 2005.”
Levi Leipheimer
73
I was good friends with George Hincapie, and following the 2005 Tour George told me that
Lance hat only used a single bag of blood during that Tour. I believe that this conversation
occurred in 2006 or 2007.
64
2005 was the first year that I transfused blood. Early in 2005 I was talking with Floyd Landis
who had recently left the U.S. Postal Service Team, and Floyd suggested that I contact Dr. del
Moral, who had been the team physician with the U.S. Postal Service Team until the end of
2003. In our conversation we had been talking about how Lance Armstrong seemed to be
levels ahead of everyone else when it came to the Tour de France, and Floyd talked about his
knowledge of Lance`s blood doping program. Floyd also said that the thought Dr. del Moral
would assist me with a blood doping program.
Michael Barry
66
David Zabriskie told me about a time Floyd Landis hat to babysit bags of Lance Armstrong`s
blood while Lance was out of town to make sure the blood did not go bad.
Goerge Hincapie
82
Shortly before the 2005 Tour de France I was in need of EPO and I asked Lance Armstrong if
he could provide some EPO for me. Lance said that he could, and he gave me two vials of
EPO while we were both in Nice, France.
83
Lance hat previously provide EPO to me on another occasion following a training camp in
Santa Barbara, California. Lance and I had stayed after the camp a few days to train and i
asked him if he had any EPO I could use. Lance thereafter provided me with EPO.
84
EPO use was common on the U.S. Postal Service and Discovery Channel teams during the
period from 1999 through 2007 and I discussed EPO use with other riders on the team.
32
8
Doper müssen damit rechnen, alle 50 Jahre erwischt zu
werden.
Problem 1: Der biochemisch-analytische Kampf gegen Doping ist gescheitert - könnte man
meinen. Wissenschaftlich klug beratene Täter werden im Regelfall offenbar nicht mit
biochemischen Untersuchungsmethoden gefasst, wie der Fall Armstrong und der seines
Teams zeigt. Folgender Rechenvorgang macht dies deutlich:
Von 1996 bis 2005 wurde in den Armstrong-Teams systematisch gedopt. Geht man von nur
jeweils 10 verpflichteten und dopenden Fahrern aus (das Team ist normalerweise deutlich
größer), so wurde nach meiner Kenntnis 2 Mal ein Fahrer des Teams/der Teams positiv
getestet: Jeweils Lance Armstrong (1999 TdF: Cortison, 2001 Tour de Swiss: Epo). Habe ich
einen Fall übersehen? 10 Fahrer mal 10 Jahre entsprechen 100 Fahrer-Jahren. Zwei
positive Proben pro 100 Fahrer-Jahren heißt, dass man im Mittel bei kluger Dopingstrategie
alle 50 Jahre erwischt wird. Ergo ist/war Doping unter den Bedingungen der
Dopingkontrollen der 2000er-Jahre eine kluge Strategie.
Auf der anderen Seite wäre die Doping-Problematik ohne biochemisch-analytische
Testverfahren (insbesondere solche in der Trainingsphase) noch viel größer.
Problem 2: Es fehlt die zweite Fahndungsebene. Offenbar werden die konventionellen
kriminologischen Methoden (Hausdurchsuchungen bei Verdachtsfällen, Leibesvisitationen,
Zeugenaussagen) nicht adäquat genutzt bzw. können wegen der Rechtslage nicht adäquat
genutzt werden. Solange das so bleibt, ist der Kampf gegen Doping zahnlos.
Problem 3: Es gibt im Sport keine Kultur, Mitteilungen über Doping-Beobachtungen zu
melden.
Problem 4: Wir wissen spätestens seit der Causa Armstrong-US Postal-UCI, dass sehr viele
Radsport-Sieger gedopt waren. Wer gesteht, verliert seine Titel und eventuell seine
Preisgelder. Wer weiter lügt, bleibt ungeschoren. Das kann so nicht richtig sein. Das
Instrument der strafmildernder Selbstanzeigen muss intensiviert genutzt/angeboten werden,
wie dies im Steuerrecht Usus ist.
Fazit: Man muss den Fahndungsdruck erhöhen zum Wohle der nicht-dopenden Sportler.
Das hat nichts mit generellem Misstrauen zu tun. Schließlich akzeptieren wir alle an jedem
Flughafen Leibesvisitationen gern, weil sie unsere Sicherheit verbessern. Der gesetzliche
Rahmen muss dafür anscheinend optimiert werden.
33

USADA gegen Armstrong, sein Team und die UCI

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