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Improved police accident recording
for prevention purposes.
Accident report / data registration
Local accident investigation
Meassures to mitigate black spots
Police Department of Saxony
Contact data
Steffen Laskosky
Police Chief Inspector (Polizeihauptkommissar)
Saxony IT-Services
Division 4 / IT-Operations
Department 4 / Head of customer service police
Neuländer Str. 60 * 01129 Dresden
+49 (0) 351 - 8501 5631
[email protected]
Andre Münch
Director Road Safety / EUSKA
PTV Safety / Traffic Software
PTV GROUP
Haid u. Neu Str. 15 * 76131 Karlsruhe
+49 (0) 721 - 9651 578
[email protected]
ETC Frankfurt | 1. Oktober 2013 | PHK Steffen Laskosky
2
A task for the police =
the accident report
Reasons for the accident report and analysis:
•
•
•
•
Removal of dangerous situations or objects caused by the accident
Investigation of criminal offences or misdemeanours
Statistical analysis of accidents, finding blackspots and identifying
contributing factors and eliminate deficits in road infrastructure
Providing civil law claims
Overall objektive: Avoiding accidents with safer roads!
3
What exactly does the term
roadsafety mean?
Thesis I
•
As opposed to sensations like warm/cold or light/dark, road safety is
not tangible,
As -
•
it is the number of accidents, the following investigations of the site
and the traffic situation, which allows us to realize the safety of a road.
4
Accidental accidents?
Thesis II
• road accidents do not happen “by accident”.
As –
• it cannot be solely the fault of the drivers, if a large number of different
road users keep making the same mistake at the same site,
•
in this case something is wrong with the site respectively road itself.
.
5
Display of the accident situation
with the accident type map
6
Accident report - registration
of statistically crash data
Data content for the accident investigation:
• classification
• data regarding the site
• description of the accident
• personal data, vehicle data
7
Classification
Road accidents are reported using 3 different criteria:
:
•
accident type (7 types)
Conflict situation directly before to the accident
8
Types of accidents
1 Driving accident (D) Fahrunfall (F)
2 Turning-off accident (TO) Abbiege-Unfall (AB)
3 Turning-into/crossing accident (TC) Einbiegen/Kreuzen-Unfall (EK)
4 Crossing-over accident (CO) Überschreiten-Unfall (ÜS)
5 Accident caused by stopping/parking (SP) Unfall durch ruhenden Verkehr (RV)
6 Accident in longitudinal traffic (LT) Unfall im Längsverkehr (LV)
7 Other accidents (O) Sonstiger Unfall (SO)
9
Classification
:
•
•
kind or sort of accident (10 kinds)
Description of the circumstances of the accident
10
Kinds of accidents Unfallarten
1 = Collision with a starting / stationary vehicle
Zusammenstoß mit anfahrendem / anhaltendem / ruhendem Fahrzeug
2 = Collision with a vehicle ahead (driving or waiting)
Zusammenstoß mit vorausfahrendem / wartendem Fahrzeug
3 = Collision with a vehicle going in the same direction
Zusammenstoß mit seitlich in gleicher Richtung fahrendem Fahrzeug
4 = Collision with an oncoming vehicle
Zusammenstoß mit entgegenkommendem Fahrzeug
5 = Collision with a crossing vehicle
Zusammenstoß mit einbiegendem / kreuzendem Fahrzeug
6 = Collision between vehicle and pedestrian
Zusammenstoß zwischen Fahrzeug und Fußgänger
7 = Collision with obstacles on the road
Aufprall auf Fahrbahnhindernisse
8 = Leaving the lane to the right
Abkommen von der Fahrbahn nach rechts
9 = Leaving the lane to the left
Abkommen von der Fahrbahn nach links
0 = Other type of accident
Unfall anderer Art
11
Classification
:
•
•
•
kind or sort of accident (10 kinds)
Description of the circumstances of the accident
accident category（6 categories）
Description of the consequences
( fatal accidents, serious injuries, light injuries and damage)
12
Accident category / Severity
Unfallkategorie
1 = Fatal accident (killed person)
Unfall mit Getöteten
2 = Accident with serious injuries
Unfall mit Schwerverletzten
3 = Accident with light injuries
Unfall mit Leichtverletzten
4 = Serious accident with property damage
schwerwiegender Unfall mit Sachschaden
5 = Other types of damage; no influence of alcohol
sonstiger Sachschadensunfall ohne Alkoholeinwirkung
6 = Other kinds of accidents with property damage; drivers under
the influence of alcohol or other substances
sonstiger Sachschadensunfall unter Alkoholeinwirkung und anderer
berauschender Mittel
13
• classification
14
Data relating to the site of the accident
Daten zum Unfallort
• Area （urban, non urban)
Ortslage (iO, aO)
• Driving direction (ascending, desdending)
Fahrtrichtung (aufsteigend, absteigend)
• Characteristics of locatation（crossing、indention、slope、turn)
Charakteristik (Kreuzung, Einmündung, Gefälle, Kurve…)
• Specific features ( pedestrian crossing, bus stop）
Besonderheiten (Fußgängerüberweg, Haltestelle…)
• Road conditions ( dry, wet, moist, icy or slippery)
Straßenzustand (trocken, nass/feucht, winterglatt…)
• Light conditions（daylight、darkness、twilight）
Lichtverhältnisse (Tageslicht, Dunkelheit, Dämmerung)
• Localiation of the accident ( kilometres, geographical information)
Genauer Unfallort (Km-Angaben, geographische Info.)
15
Data relating to the site of the accident
This data is neccessary for the accident investigation for the following reasons：
• Identification of similarities refering to the location
Feststellung von Gemeinsamkeiten an der Örtlichkeit
• Contributiing factors
Begünstigende Unfallumstände
16
• classification
17
Description of the accident
Unfallbeschreibung
• textual description of the accident details
•
accident sketch
•
pictures
18
Accident diagram
Unfalldiagramm
19
• classification
20
Personal data and vehicle data
Statistics relating to personal data:
:
•
age, sex, degree of injury
•
vehicle used ( passenger car, truck, motorbike, bicycle...
•
cause of theaccident (alcohol, right of way, speed...）
•
date of driving license
General statistics regarding the vehicle：
:
•
license plate, amount of damage, insurance data
•
number of passengers
21
Problems with the compilation of data
•
time pressure – leads to a quick, superficial and possibly incorrect data input
•
lack of knowledge concerning accident statistics – prompts people to
underestimate certain statistical determination and distinction
•
lack of knowledge concerning the needs for accident investigation – results
in inadequate description of the accident site
•
lack of knowledge concerning aggregation of accident data results in
incorrect lacalization -> the only person who was on site during the accident
can truly localize it.
22
Situation description by
type of accident
• unsuitable = the kind of accident – just 10 different kinds to chose from,
but few are fully applicable
• unsuitable = the category of the accident – Consequences of accidents
are relatively coincidental and becomíng less and less severe due to
improvement in emergency services and the safety features of the
vehicles themselves.
• suitable = the type of accident – this classification describes the situation
before the accident occurred, i.e. the traffic situation and interaction of
road users, which is actually based on rules, laws and regulations.
23
Types of accidents Unfalltypen
1 Driving accident (D) Fahrunfall (F)
2 Turning-off accident (TO) Abbiege-Unfall (AB)
3 Turning-into/crossing accident (TC) Einbiegen/Kreuzen-Unfall (EK)
4 Crossing-over accident (CO) Überschreiten-Unfall (ÜS)
5 Accident caused ba stopping/parking (SP) Unfall durch ruhenden Verkehr (RV)
6 Accident in longitudinal traffic (LT) Unfall im Längsverkehr (LV)
7 Other accidents (O) Sonstiger Unfall (SO)
24
Turning-off accident
Abbiege-Unfall
•
The accident was caused by a conflict between a turning vehicle and
another vehicle (or even a pedestrian) travelling in the same or
opposite direction at an intersection, junction, or an entrance to a
property/car park.
Der Unfall wurde ausgelöst durch einen Konflikt zwischen einem Abbieger und einem
aus gleicher oder entgegengesetzter Richtung kommenden Verkehrsteilnehmer (auch
Fußgänger) an Kreuzungen, Einmündungen, Grundstücks- oder Parkplatzzufahrten.
25
Turning-off accident
Abbiege-Unfall
26
Conflict situation:
left turn, oncoming traffic
Konflikt: Linksabbieger Gegenverkehr
Deficit:
Check:
sight – traffic density
speed of the oncoming traffic
Überprüfung: Sicht – Verkehrsstärke
Geschwindigkeit der Gegenrichtung
Measure:
27
Description of the accident sitation
using the accident map
28
Crash data workflow for analysis
Accident report
Realizing accumulations
Data entry
Investigation
Quality assurance
Accident committee
29
Work of the accident committee
Tasks of the accident committee
• Police
• Road traffic authority
• Road construction authority
In an local accident investigation on site:
:
• finding black spots according to criteria and thresholds
• identifying deficits in the road infrastructure and contributing factors
• taking measures to mitigate black spots
30
Example of a black spot analysis
Beispiel einer Unfallanalyse
Identification of a black spot (BS) and
definition of the BS site
3-JK 2004 - 2006
accident list and calculation
134.000,- € 31
Further investigations
Weitere Untersuchungen
Accident diagram
Overview image
Cause of the accident: Speed
Contributing factor: Driveway to a petrol
station behind the bend or curve
32
Measure
Maßnahme
33
Measure
Maßnahme
Before
After
34
Updating investigation
Nachuntersuchung
Further trend of the accident amount:
3-JK 2007 - 2009
2010 - 2012
= no accidents
so far
= no accidents
Conclusion:
Accident costs 2004 – 2006 (134.000,- € x 3 years)
= 402.000,- €
Investment costs stationary speeding measurement
= 15.000,- €
Accident costs, which could be avoided
from 2007 to 2012 (134.000,- € x 6 Years)
= 804.000,- €
35
Accident personal injury statistical trend
in Saxony
20000
18000
16000
14000
people killed
serious injuries
light injuries
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
people killed Tote
600
…this can also be
attributed to successful
accident measures
taken by the police…
500
400
300
200
100
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
36
Fatal accident trend in Germany
37
Thank you for your
interest
38

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