Chapter Study Guide from Text

Name:______________________________Class:__________________ Date:__________________
Thermodynamics
Chapter Study Guide
Teacher Notes and Answers
1. U = 700 J increase
2. a. 0.005 m3
b. 1.5 103 J
c. 1.5 103 J
3. a. 5.00 104 J
b. 1.40 104 J
4. a. U (compressed air) = W (added by person) Q (things warm up)
b. Disorder is increased by increasing internal energy through heat.
5. Graph bars should convey that: PE1 = max, KE1 = 0, U1 = 0 or U1 is any amount. Then, PE2 = 0,
KE2 PE1, U2 U1 + PE1. Then, PE3 PE1, KE3 = 0, U3 U2. Last: PE4 = 0, KE4 PE1,
and U4 PE1.
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Name:______________________________Class:__________________ Date:__________________
Thermodynamics
Chapter Study Guide
1. A system does 300 J of work at the same time that 1000 J of energy is transferred
to the system as heat. What is the change in the system’s internal energy?
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2. Air is being compressed in a cylinder of area 0.025 m3 under a constant pressure
of 3.0 105 Pa, and the volume of the air in the cylinder is reduced to 0.020 m3.
a. By how much is the volume of air reduced?
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b. How much work is done in the process?
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c. The cylinder is thermally insulated, making the process adiabatic. What is the
change in internal energy of the gas?
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3. A gasoline engine runs with 28 percent efficiency. It expels 3.60 104 J of heat in
each cycle.
a. Find the heat absorbed in one cycle.
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b. Find the work output in one cycle.
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4. When you use a pump to push air into a bicycle tire, the pump and the air
eventually warm up.
a. Explain how this is related to the first law of thermodynamics.
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b. Explain how this fact is related to the second law of thermodynamics.
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Name:______________________________Class:__________________ Date:__________________
Chapter Study Guide continued
5. A basketball bounces to half of its original height when dropped. In the space
below, sketch energy bar diagrams describing the ball’s potential energy, the
ball’s kinetic energy, the internal energy of the ball, and the ball’s environment at
each of the following four instants.
• just before the ball is dropped
• immediately after the first bounce
• at its highest point after the first bounce
• immediately after the second bounce
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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