Workshop 1: Introducing yourself

NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Workshop 1: Introducing yourself
WORKSHOP 1: INTRODUCING YOURSELF
43
CONVERSATION: HÀNZÌ & PINYIN - GREETINGS AND GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER
CONVERSATION: ENGLISH - GREETINGS AND GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER
GRAMMAR: HOW DO CHINESE PEOLE GREET EACH OTHER?
CHINESE WORD ORDER: THE BASIC SVO SENTENCE
TOPIC WORDS: PRONOUNS
46
47
48
GRAMMAR: PRONOUNS & THEIR PLURAL FORMS
49
TOPIC WORDS: NAMES AND TITLES 50
SENTENCE PATTERNS: ASKING NAMES
New Words
51
52
Addressing peopel with their job titles
52
GRAMMAR: HOW TO USE 吗 MA TO FORM A YES/NO QUESTION? 53
Pair-work: How to use 吗 ma to form a Yes/No question?
53
GRAMMAR: HOW TO USE 呢 NE TO FORM QUERIES?
54
Pair-work: How to use 呢 ne to form queries?
TOPIC WORDS: COUNTRIES
54
55
TOPIC WORDS: NAMES AND NATIONALITIES
57
GRAMMAR: NEGATION 不 BÙ & 没 MÉI
59
WORD LIST
60
dorotheacarney.com
43
45
44
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Conversation: Hànzì & Pinyin - Greetings and Getting to know each
other10
A:
你好！
Nǐ hǎo!
B:
你好！
Nǐ hǎo!
A:
你好吗？
Nǐ hǎo ma?
B:
我很好，你呢？
Wǒ hěn hǎo, nǐ ne?
A:
也很好。
Yě hěn hǎo.
A:
你姓什么？
Nǐ xìng shénme?
B:
我姓______，你呢？
Wǒ xìng ___, nǐ ne?
A:
我姓__。
Wǒ xìng ____.
B:
你叫什么？
Nǐ jiào shénme?
A:
我叫__，你呢？
Wǒ jiào __, nǐ ne?
B:
我叫__。
Wǒ jiào ____.
A:
他是谁？
Tā shì shéi?
B:
他是 Rutte 先生。
Tā shì Rutte xiānshēng.
A:
Rutte 先生叫什么名字？
Rutte xiānshēng jiào shénme míngzì?
B:
他叫 Mark。
Tā jiào Mark.
A:
Mark 是哪国人？
他是荷兰人。
Mark shì nǎ guó rén?
B:
Tā shì Hélán rén.
44
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Conversation: English - Greetings and Getting to know each other
A:
Hello!
B:
Hello!
A:
How are you?
B:
I am fine, and you?
A:
I am also fine.
A:
What is your family name?
B:
My family name is ___, and you?
A:
My family name is ___.
B:
What is your first name?
A:
My first name is ____, and you?
B:
My first name is ____.
A:
Who is he?
B:
He is Mr. Rutte.
A:
What is Mr. Rutte’s first name?
B:
His first name is Mark.
A:
What is Mark’s nationality?
B:
He is Dutch.
Source of pictures and photos:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mark_Rutte-6.jpg
45
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Grammar: How do Chinese peole greet each other?
Nǐ hǎo “you good” is used idiomatically as a Chinese greeting that is often translated as “Hello”. In fact, Chinese native speakers don’t usually say Nǐ hǎo to each
other. But we say it with foreigners, because they are used to it.
Nǐ hǎo ma? “You good ma?” is actually a Yes/No question. The direct translation
should be “Are you good?”. But this question is also used idiomatically as a Chinese greeting that is often translated as “How are you? Again, this greeting is not
often used by Chinese native speakers.
Chinese people greet each other in many other ways. When people are on familiar and casual terms with each other, one will often ask the other a simple question. This is similar to how Americans casually ask each other, “What’s up?” or
“How are you?” We have the same concept, but we ask different questions in
Chinese. Instead of asking Nǐ hǎo ma?, we often ask each other Nǐ zěnmeyàng?
“How are you?” (zěnmeyàng means “how”). Another example is Nǐ chī fàn le
ma? “Have you eaten yet?”
Source of pictures and photos:
Clip arts on Office Online http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/
46
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Chinese word order: The Basic SVO Sentence
。
Declarative
Subject
我
Verb
是
Object
荷兰人
。
Question
Wǒ
你
shì
是
Hélán rén
哪国人
.
？
Declarative
Nǐ
我
shì
学习
nǎ guó rén
中文
?
。
Question
Wǒ
你
xuéxí
学习
Zhōngwén
什么
.
？
Declarative
Nǐ
这
xuéxí
是
shénme
我的书
?
。
shì
是
wǒ de shū
谁的书
.
Question
Zhè
这
Zhè
shì
shéi de shū
?
?
In Chinese, question pronouns are inserted at the place where normally the ANSWER would appear. Thus, the sentence order in Chinese still remains the same
as its declarative form, and the only step you need to do is to replace the questioned part with the proper question pronouns.
47
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Topic words: Pronouns11
* Compulsory to learn: you need to recall the word in Pinyin transcriptions.
我
我们
你
你们
wǒ*
wǒmen*
nǐ*
nǐmen*
I
we
you (singular)
you (plural)
他
她
它
它
tā*
tā*
tā*
tā*
he
she
it
it
他们
tāmen*
they
Source of pictures and photos:
Royalty-Free Clip Art Collection for Foreign/Second Language Instruction
http://tell.fll.purdue.edu/JapanProj//FLClipart/Pronouns.html
48
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Grammar: Pronouns & their plural forms12
1
Singular
1st Person
2nd Person
3rd Person
Plural
我
wǒ (I, me)
我们
你
nǐ (you, you)
你们
他
tā (he, him)
他们
wǒmen (we, us)
nǐmen (you, you)
tāmen (they, them)
2
In written Chinese, there are two characters of tā for demonstrating a gender distinction:
Masculine
Feminine
他
tā (he)
她
tā (she)
他们
tāmen (they: M)
她们
tāmen (they: F)
Reference:
Cheung, H. S., Liu, S. Y., & Shih, L. L. (1994). A Practical Chinese Grammar (Mandarin) (Paperback) (p.9) (tot.1). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.
49
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Topic words: Names and Titles13
* Compulsory to learn: you need to recall the word in Pinyin transcriptions.
习近平
马英九
Xí Jìnpíng
Mǎ Yīngjiǔ
先生
先生
先生
xiānsheng*
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
Barack Obama
François Hollande
安倍晋三
Angela Merkel
先生
先生
先生
太太/夫人
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
tàitai*/fūren
David Cameron
Mark Rutte
先生
Source of pictures and photos:
www.wikipedia.org/
50
Shinzo Abe
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Sentence Patterns: Asking names
1Q:
Nǐ xìng shénme?
你姓什么？
What is your family name?
1A:
Wǒ xìng Xiāo.
我姓萧。
My family name is Xiao.
2Q:
Nǐ jiào shénme?
你叫什么？
What are you called (for both first name and full name)?
2A:
Wǒ jiào Yǎ-Píng.
我叫雅萍。
I am called Ya-Ping.
or
Wǒ jiào Xiāo Yǎpíng.
我叫萧雅萍。
I am called Xiao Ya-Ping.
3Q:
Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?
你叫什么名字？
What are you called (for both first name and full name)?
3A:
Wǒ jiào Yǎ-Píng.
我叫雅萍。
I am called Ya-Ping.
or
Wǒ jiào Xiāo Yǎpíng.
我叫萧雅萍。
I am called Xiao Ya-Ping.
4Q:
Shéi shì _________?
谁是__________?
Who is ____?
4A:
Wǒ shì.
我是。
51
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
New Words
生词 shēngcí
* Compulsory to learn: you need to recall the word in Pinyin transcriptions.
1
姓
xìng*
be called (for surname)
2
叫
jiào*
be called (for both first name and full name)
3
是
shì*
be
4
什么
shénme*
what
5
名字
míngzi*
name
6
谁
shéi*
who
Titles
7
先生
xiānsheng*
Mr.; Sir
8
女士
nǚshì
Ms; Madam; lady
(for both married and unmarried women)
太太
tàitai*
Mrs. (informal) (for married women)
10 夫人
11 小姐
fūren
Mrs. (formal) (for married women)
xiǎojiě*
Miss; Ms
9
Addressing peopel with their job titles
1
2
Xí Zhǔxí
President Xi
Xí fūrén
Chinese First Lady
Lǐ Zǒnglǐ
Prime Minister Li
3
Source of pictures and photos: www.wikipedia.org/
52
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Grammar: How to use 吗 ma to form a Yes/No question?14
One of the most common ways of forming a Yes/No question in Chinese is to add
吗 ma at the end of a statement.
Affirmative
Interrogative
[Subject + Predicate]
[Subject + Predicate] + 吗？
Hence 你好! Nǐ hǎo! (Hi!) becomes 你好吗? Nǐ hǎo ma? (How are you?)
A Yes/No question with 吗 ma can only be answered with “yes” or “no”. In other
words, it’s not an open question.
Pair-work: How to use 吗 ma to form a Yes/No question?
Change the following sentences into ma-questions.
1. Tā xìng van Gogh.
2. Tā jiào Vincent.
3. Tā jiào Vincent van Gogh.
4. Tā shì Vincent van Gogh.
5. Tā shì van Gogh xiānsheng.
Reference:
Cheung, H. S., Liu, S. Y., & Shih, L. L. (1994). A Practical Chinese Grammar (Mandarin) (Paperback) (p.3) (tot. 1). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.
Source of pictures and photos:
Clip arts on Office Online http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/
53
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Grammar: How to use 呢 ne to form queries?15
In English, you can say a sentence followed by ‘and you?’ to return a question. In
Chinese, you first state what you want to know about, then adding 呢 ne after it.
When 呢 ne is used to form a query, it can be translated as “what about” or “how
about”.
Examples:
我很好，你呢?
1
Wǒ hěn hǎo, nǐ ne?
I am fine, and you?
2
我有哥哥，他呢？
Wǒ yǒu gēgē, tā ne?
I have elder brothers. What about him?
3
我说汉语，你们呢?
Wǒ shuō Hànyǔ, nǐmen ne?
I speak Chinese. What about you?
Pair-work: How to use 呢 ne to form queries?
Translate the following sentences.
1. My family name is ______, and you?
2. My first name is _____, and you?
3. I am ____, and you?
Source of pictures and photos:
Clip arts on Office Online http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/
54
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Topic words: Countries16
Q:
你是哪国人？
Nǐ shì nǎ guó rén?
What is your nationality?
A:
我是中国人。
Wǒ shì Zhōngguó rén.
I am Chinese.
* Compulsory to learn: you need to recall the word in Pinyin transcriptions.
国 guó* country (MW: 个 ge)
中国
英国
法国
德国
Zhōngguó*
Yīngguó*
Fǎguó*
Déguó*
China
England
France
Germany
日本
荷兰
美国
加拿大
Rìběn*
Hélán*
Měiguó*
Jiānádà*
Japan
the Netherlands
America
Canada
台湾
香港
澳门
新加坡
Táiwān*
Xiānggǎng*
Àomén*
Xīnjiāpō*
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Macau
Singapore
55
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
比利时
西班牙
葡萄牙
意大利
Bǐlìshí
Xībānyá
Pútáoyá
Yìdàlì
Belgium
Spain
Portugal
Italy
Source of pictures and photos:
Clip arts on Office Online http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/
56
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Topic words: Names and Nationalities17
Q:
Cameron 先生是哪国人？
Cameron xiānsheng shì nǎ guó rén?
What is Mr. Cameron’s nationality?
A:
他是英国人。
Tā shì Yīngguó rén.
He is English.
Q:
Cameron 先生是英国人吗？
Cameron xiānsheng shì Yīngguó rén ma?
Is Mr. Cameron English?
A:
他是。
Tā shì.
He is.
Yīngguó
Hélán
Zhōngguó
Táiwān
英国
荷兰
中国
台湾
David Cameron
Mark Rutte
习近平 Xí Jìnpíng
马英九 Mǎ Yīngjiǔ
先生
先生
先生
先生
xiānsheng*
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
57
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Měiguó
Fǎguó
Rìběn
Déguó
美国
法国
日本
德国
Barack Obama
François Hollande
安倍晋三
先生
先生
Shinzo Abe
先生
Angela Merkel
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
xiānsheng
Source of pictures and photos:
Pics4Learning http://www.pics4learning.com/index.php?view=browse
58
太太/夫人
tàitai*/fūrén
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Grammar: Negation 不 bù & 没 méi
There are two words for NOT in Chinese: 不 bù and 没 méi. They are placed
before the verb. Similar to Dutch, 不 bù is used before the most verbs and 没 méi
is only used before 有 yǒu (to have).
Pronunciation English
Dutch
不
bù/bú/bu*
not
niet
没
méi*
not
geen
Rules
不
bù
没有 méiyǒu not have
Examples
不说
before the first tone
bù shuō
not speak
不学习
before the second tone
bù xuéxí
not ok
不想
before the third tone
bù xiǎng
not would like to
不
bú
不姓
before the fourth tone
bú xìng
not called
不叫
bú jiào
not called
不是
bú shì
not be
不要
bú yào
not want to
before the fifth tone
不
bu
between two same verbs
59
姓不姓
xìng bu xìng
叫不叫
jiào bu jiào
是不是
shì bu shì
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
Word list
汉字
Pinyin
Meanings
1 澳门
Àomén
/Macao/
2 比利时
Bǐlìshí
/Belgium/
3 不
bù/bú/bu
/(negative prefix)/not/no/
4 德国
Déguó
/Germany/German/
5 法国
Fǎguó
/France/French/
6 夫人
fūren
/lady/madam/Mrs./CL:位[wei4]/
7 国
guó
/country/state/nation/
8 好
hǎo
/good/
9 荷兰
Hélán
/Holland/the Netherlands/
10 很
hěn
/very/
11 加拿大
Jiānádà
/Canada/Canadian/
12 叫
jiào
/to call (first name)/to call (full name)/
13 吗
ma
/used to form a yes-no question/
14 美国
Měiguó
/America/American/United States of America/USA/
15 名字
míngzi
/name (of a person or thing)/CL:個|个[gè]/
16 哪
nǎ
/which/
17 呢
ne
/used to form a query/
18 你
nǐ
/you/
19 你们
nǐmen
/you (plural)/
20 女士
nǚshì
/lady/madam/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi]/Miss/Ms/
21 葡萄牙
Pútáoyá
/Portugal/
22 人
rén
/man/person/people/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi]/
23 日本
Rìběn
/Japan/Japanese/
24 谁
shéi
/who/also pr. [shuí]/
25 什么
shénme
/what?/
26 是
shì
/variant of 是[shì]/used in given names/
27 她
tā
/she/
28 它
tā
/it/
29 他
tā
/he/him/
30 太太
tàitai
/married woman/Mrs./Madam/wife/
60
NAHSS_2015_Chinese! Ready? Go!_YP Hsiao
31 台湾
Táiwān
/Taiwan/
32 他们
tāmen
/they/
33 我
wǒ
/I/me/myself/
34 我们
wǒmen
/we/us/ourselves/
35 香港
Xiānggǎ
ng
/Hong Kong/
36 先生
xiānsheng
/sir/mister/teacher/(title of respect)/
37 小姐
xiǎojiě
/young lady/miss/
38 西班牙
Xībānyá
/Spain/
39 姓
xìng
/family name/to call (surname)/to be surnamed/
40 新加坡
Xīnjiāpō
/Singapore/
41 意大利
Yìdàlì
/Italy/Italian/
42 英国
Yīngguó
/England/Britain/English/
43 中国
Zhōngguó
/China/Chinese/
Note. CL= Classifier = Measure Word in Chinese
61