Slovenian Style Guide - Center

Transcription

Slovenian Style Guide
Contents
What's New? .................................................................................................................................... 4
New Topics ................................................................................................................................... 4
Updated Topics ............................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 5
About This Style Guide ................................................................................................................ 5
Scope of This Document .............................................................................................................. 5
Style Guide Conventions .............................................................................................................. 5
Sample Text ................................................................................................................................. 6
Recommended Reference Material ............................................................................................. 7
Normative References .............................................................................................................. 7
Informative References ............................................................................................................. 7
Language Specific Conventions ...................................................................................................... 8
Country/Region Standards ........................................................................................................... 8
Characters ................................................................................................................................ 8
Date .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Time ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Numbers ................................................................................................................................. 12
Sorting ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Geopolitical Concerns ................................................................................................................ 19
Grammar, Syntax & Orthographic Conventions ......................................................................... 19
Adjectives ................................................................................................................................ 19
Articles .................................................................................................................................... 20
Capitalization .......................................................................................................................... 21
Compounds............................................................................................................................. 22
Gender .................................................................................................................................... 22
Genitive ................................................................................................................................... 22
Modifiers ................................................................................................................................. 22
Nouns ...................................................................................................................................... 22
Prepositions ............................................................................................................................ 22
Pronouns ................................................................................................................................. 26
Punctuation ............................................................................................................................. 26
Singular & Plural ..................................................................................................................... 30
Split Infinitive ........................................................................................................................... 30
Subjunctive ............................................................................................................................. 30
Symbols & Non-Breaking Spaces........................................................................................... 30
Syntax ..................................................................................................................................... 30
Verbs ....................................................................................................................................... 30
Word Order ............................................................................................................................. 31
Style and Tone Considerations .................................................................................................. 31
Audience ................................................................................................................................. 31
Style ........................................................................................................................................ 31
Tone ........................................................................................................................................ 32
Voice ....................................................................................................................................... 33
Localization Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 34
General Considerations ............................................................................................................. 34
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 34
Accessibility ............................................................................................................................ 35
Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 35
Applications, Products, and Features ..................................................................................... 35
Frequent Errors ....................................................................................................................... 36
Glossaries ............................................................................................................................... 36
Fictitious Information ............................................................................................................... 36
Recurring Patterns .................................................................................................................. 36
Standardized Translations ...................................................................................................... 36
Unlocalized Items.................................................................................................................... 41
Using the Word Microsoft ....................................................................................................... 41
Software Considerations ............................................................................................................ 42
User Interface ......................................................................................................................... 42
Messages ................................................................................................................................ 42
Keys ........................................................................................................................................ 46
Document Translation Considerations ....................................................................................... 52
Titles ....................................................................................................................................... 53
Copyright ................................................................................................................................. 53
What's New?
Last Updated: February 2011
New Topics
n/a
Updated Topics
The overall Style Guide content was fully updated in February 2011 as part of a major Style Guide update project
performed for all languages.
4
Introduction
This Style Guide went through major revision in February 2011 in order to remove outdated and unnecessary
content. Some topics are considered to be "Core & Common" – pertaining to all Microsoft products and services.
About This Style Guide
The purpose of this Style Guide is to provide everybody involved in the localization of Slovenian Microsoft
products with Microsoft-specific linguistic guidelines and standard conventions that differ from or are more
prescriptive than those found in language reference materials. These conventions have been adopted after
considering context based on various needs, but above all, they are easy to follow and applicable for all types of
software to be localized.
The Style Guide covers the areas of formatting and grammatical conventions. It also presents the reader with a
general idea of the reasoning behind the conventions. The present Style Guide is a revision of our previous Style
Guide version with the intention of making it more standardized, more structured, and easier to use as a
reference.
The guidelines and conventions presented in this Style Guide are intended to help you localize Microsoft products
and materials. We welcome your feedback, questions and concerns regarding the Style Guide. You can send us
your feedback via the Microsoft Language Portal feedback page.
Scope of This Document
This Style Guide is intended for the localization professional working on Microsoft products. It is not intended to
be a comprehensive coverage of all localization practices, but to highlight areas where Microsoft has preference
or deviates from standard practices for Slovenian localization.
Style Guide Conventions
In this document, a plus sign (+) before a translation example means that this is the recommended correct
translation. A minus sign (-) is used for incorrect translation examples.
In Microsoft localization context, the word term is used in a slightly untraditional sense, meaning the same as e.g.
a segment in Trados. The distinguishing feature of a term here is that it is translated as one unit; it may be a
traditional term (as used in terminology), a phrase, a sentence, or a paragraph.
References to interface elements really only refer to translatable texts associated with those interface elements.
Example translations in this document are only intended to illustrate the point in question. They are not a source
of approved terminology. Always check for approved translation in the Microsoft terminology database.
5
Sample Text
Podjetje Microsoft d. o. o. je slovenski predstavnik korporacije Microsoft, ki je eno od vodilnih podjetij s področja
informacijskih tehnologij. Microsoft je eden najpomembnejših razvijalcev poslovnih programov in sistemov, ki
podjetjem pomagajo zagotoviti varno in učinkovito poslovanje ter podjetjem in posameznikom po celem svetu
pomagajo pri uresničevanju njihovega potenciala. Ta cilj je temelj naših prizadevanj, da uporabnikom in širši
druţbi ponudimo vedno boljše tehnologije. Vsak dan z izboljševanjem obstoječih izdelkov in predstavitvijo novih, s
podporo globalnemu inovacijskemu omreţju in izvajanjem temeljnih raziskav razširjamo zmoţnosti računalništva.
Slovenska podruţnica Microsofta je bila ustanovljena leta 1994, da bi tudi slovenskemu trgu ponudili inovativno
programsko opremo. Od začetkov, ko so bili v podjetju zaposleni le trije, je podjetje zraslo v pomembno lokalno
podjetje, ki zaposluje več kot 70 ljudi. Med velike uspehe gotovo sodi pionirska vloga pri slovenjenju programske
opreme, saj so uporabnikom na voljo tako lokalizirani operacijski sistemi kot tudi zmogljivi programi za uporabo v
pisarnah in doma.
Od začetka svoje prisotnosti v Sloveniji se je Microsoft dejavno vključeval tudi v lokalno skupnost. Jasno začrtana
pot vključuje tesno sodelovanje s slovenskimi partnerji in lokalnimi podjetji pri razvoju novih rešitev in reševanju
poslovnih izzivov. Poleg tega se Microsoft dejavno vključuje tudi v številna prizadevanja na področju
izobraţevanja in premostitve digitalnega razkoraka. Z vsemi svojimi dejavnostmi se podjetje osredotoča na
ustvarjanje priloţnosti slovenskih uporabnikov na lokalni in globalni ravni.
Kot vodilno podjetje v panogi se zavedamo odgovornosti, da naše vire in znanje uporabimo na način, ki bo
pozitivno vplival na ţivljenje ljudi. Glede naših poslovnih praks in doseţkov smo zavezani odgovornemu ravnanju
in odprti komunikaciji. Druţbeno odgovornost jemljemo zelo resno, saj se zavedamo, da imajo lahko Microsoftove
poslovne odločitve pomemben vpliv na deleţnike in skupnosti, v katerih poslujemo.
Slovenski Microsoft je v desetih letih zgradil ekosistem, ki je glavni nosilec razvoja slovenske IT-industrije.
Značilnost tega ekosistema je, da ne samo omogoča, ampak podpira in pospešuje razvoj IT v drţavi. Eno od gonil
tega pospeševanja je razvoj in prodaja lokalnega znanja. Tako danes slovenski Microsoft skupaj z novim
poslovnim oddelkom, ki je odgovoren za poslovne rešitve Microsoft Navision, ustvarja pribliţno 40 % celotne
vrednosti IT v drţavi.
Biljana Weber je generalna direktorica slovenske podruţnice Microsofta od januarja 2011.
Microsoft d.o.o., Ljubljana
Šmartinska 140
1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija
Telefon: 386 (01) 58461 11
Telefaks: 386 (01) 58461 22.
Vir: spletno mesto Microsofta Slovenija
Ustvarjeno dne 23. 3. 2011 ob 13:00.
6
Recommended Reference Material
Use Slovenian language and terminology as described and used in the following publications.
Normative References
These normative sources must be adhered to. Any deviation from them automatically fails a string in most cases.
When more than one solution is allowed in these sources, look for the recommended one in other parts of the
Style Guide.
1. SAZU, Slovenski pravopis, Ljubljana, ZRC, 2000 or later editions (updated electronic ed. 2002
2. SAZU, Slovar slovenskega knjiţnega jezika, DZS, 1997 or electronic version, Amebis, 1997
3. Gradišnik, Janez, Slovensko ali angleško? : priročnik za dobro slovenščino, Celje, Mohorjeva druţba,
1993
4. Toporišič, Joţe, Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika, Ljubljana, Cankarjeva zaloţba, 1992
5. Ţagar, France, Slovenska slovnica in jezikovna vadnica, Maribor, Obzorja Maribor, 1996
6. Kocjan – Barle, Marta, Abeceda pravopisa, Ljubljana, DZS, 1999
Informative References
These sources are meant to provide supplementary information, background, comparison etc.
1. Batagelj, Vladimir et. al., Leksikon računalništva in informatike, Ljubljana, Pasadena, 2002
2. http://www.islovar.org
3. http://ltfe.org
4. http://bos.zrc-sazu.si/s_beseda.html
7
Language Specific Conventions
This part of the style guide contains information about standards specific to Slovenian.
Country/Region Standards
Characters
Country/region
Slovenia
Lower-case characters
a, b, c, č, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, š, t, u, v, z, ţ
Upper-case characters
A, B, C, Č, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, R, S, Š, T, U, V, Z, Ţ
Characters in caseless
scripts
n/a
Extended Latin characters
č, Č, š, Š, ţ, Ţ
Note on alphabetical order
Alphabetical order is not necessarily indicative of sorting order.
Total number of characters
25
Unicode codes
č: 010D, Č: 010C, š: 0161, Š: 0160, ţ: 017E, Ţ: 017D
Notes
The letters Ć, Đ, Q, W, X and Y are not part of the Slovenian alphabet. If,
however, there is a term in the index beginning with Ć, Đ, Q, W, X or Y used in
the Slovenian text, these letters and entries should be included in the index in
the following order:
a, b, c, č, ć, d, đ, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, š, t, u, v, w, x, y, z, ţ
Date
Country/region
Slovenia
Calendar/Era
Gregorian
First Day of the Week
Monday
First Week of the Year
Week 1 starts on January 1st
Separator
period (.)
Default Short Date
Format
d. M. yyyy
8
Country/region
Slovenia
Example
17. 3. 2011
Default Long Date Format dddd, d. MMMM yyyy
Example
četrtek, 17. marec 2011>
Additional Short Date
Format 1
n/a
Example
n/a
Additional Short Date
Format 2
n/a
Example
n/a
Additional Long Date
Format 1
n/a
Example
n/a
Additional Long Date
Format 2
n/a
Example
n/a
Leading Zero in Day Field
for Short Date Format
no
Leading Zero in Month
Field for Short Date
Format
no
No. of digits for year for
Short Day Format
2
Leading Zero in Day Field
for Long Date Format
no
Leading Zero in Month
Field for Long Date
Format
no
Number of digits for year
for Long Day Format
4
Date Format for
Correspondence
d. MMMM yyyy
Example
17. marec 2011
9
Country/region
Slovenia
Notes
n/a
d is for day, number of d's indicates the format (d = digits without leading zero, dd =
digits with leading zero, ddd = the abbreviated day name, dddd = full day name)
Abbreviations in Format
Codes
M is for month, number of M's gives number of digits. (M = digits without leading
zero, MM = digits with leading zero, MMM = the abbreviated name, MMMM = full
name)
y is for year, number of y's gives number of digits (yy = two digits, yyyy = four digits)
Time
Country/region
Slovenia
24 hour format
yes
Standard time format
Standard time format
example
Time separator
H.mm
H:mm:ss
18.15; 18:15:22
period (.)
colon (:)
Time separator examples
18:15:22
Hours leading zero
no
Hours leading zero example
n/a
String for AM designator
n/a
String for PM designator
n/a
Notes




The period is used when the time includes hours and minutes.
The colon is used in electronic formats (display of digital clocks).
Minutes of the hour can also be written in superscript, without the period as
15
separator: 8
In textual context, full hours may also be written using a superscripted letter
h
"h" on the right side of the number: ob 18 (= at 18:00 hours)
Days
Country/region: Slovenia
10
Day
Normal Form
Abbreviation
Monday
ponedeljek
pon
Tuesday
torek
tor
Wednesday
sreda
sre
Thursday
četrtek
čet
Friday
petek
pet
Saturday
sobota
sob
Sunday
nedelja
ned
First Day of Week: Monday
Is first letter capitalized?: No
Notes: Names of days should not be capitalized except if the word appears at the beginning of a sentence.
Ideally, a full stop should follow the abbreviation, but as this might create problems in certain cases not using the
final full stop is acceptable.
Months
Month
Full Form
Abbreviated Form
Long Date Form
January
januar
jan
n/a
February
februar
feb
n/a
March
marec
mar
n/a
April
april
apr
n/a
May
maj
maj
n/a
June
junij
jun
n/a
July
julij
jul
n/a
August
avgust
avg
n/a
September
september
sep
n/a
October
oktober
okt
n/a
November
november
nov
n/a
December
december
dec
n/a
11
Is first letter capitalized?: No
Notes: Names of months are capitalized only when they begin a sentence. They may be and are capitalized in
calendar layouts, where the name of the current month appears once - usually, these names appear alongside
old traditional names, e.g. "April" at the top left side of the page and "Mali traven" (see below) at the top right side
of the page displaying all days of the current month. Traditional Slovenian names are also used in calendars
alongside the modern names:
januar - prosinec
februar - svečan
marec - sušec
april - mali traven
maj - veliki traven
junij - roţnik
julij - mali srpan
avgust - veliki srpan
september - kimavec
oktober - vinotok
november - listopad
december - gruden
Numbers
Phone Numbers
Country/
region
International
Dialing
Code
Area
Codes
Used?
Number of
Digits – Area
Codes
Separator
Number of
Digits –
Domestic
Digit Groupings –
Domestic
Slovenia
386
yes
1 (except for IP
telephony
providers – see
notes)
space
8
(#) ### ####
Country/
region
Number of
Digits –
Local
Digit
Groupings
– Local
Number of
Digits – Mobile
Digit
Groupings
– Mobile
Number of
Digits –
International
Digit Groupings –
International
Slovenia
7
### ####
9
### ### ###
11
+386 # ### ####
12
Notes:




Area Codes (01 - 07)
IP telephony operators (Amis, T-2, ...): (0590), (0592)
Mobile: Network (GSM: 031, 040, 041, 051, 070)
Mobile international: +386 41 456 89. Note: Initial zero is dropped in network code
Addresses
Disclaimer: Please note that the information in this entry should under no circumstances be used in examples as
fictitious information.
Address Format:
1. [Title/Honorific] FirstName [SecondName] LastName
2. [CompanyName]
3. Address1
4. [Address2]
5. PostalCode CityName
Example Address: 1. (Gospod) Janez Novak
2. Janez Novak d. o. o.
3. Novakova 123
5. 1000 LJUBLJANA
Local Postal Code Format: xxxx
Notes:


One empty line between Address and Postal Code/CityName.
First and second lines - Title etc. line and CompanyName line - can appear in reverse order, too,
i.e. Company name on first line and Title etc. on second
Currency
Country/region
Slovenia
Currency Name
euro
Currency Symbol
€
Currency Symbol Position
The symbol EUR is placed after the numeral and is preceded by a space
Positive Currency Format
123,45 EUR
Negative Sign Symbol
For negative values the en dash (–) is placed directly in front of the
numeral. There is no space between the en dash and the numeral.
13
Negative Currency Format
–123,45 EUR
Decimal Symbol
, (comma)
Number of Digits after Decimal
2
Digit Grouping Symbol
. (period)
Number of Digits in Digit
Grouping
3
Positive Currency Example
123.456.789,00 EUR
Negative Currency Example
–123.456.789,00 EUR
ISO Currency Code
EUR
Currency Subunit Name
cent
Currency Subunit Symbol
c
Currency Subunit Example
15 c
Digit Groups
Decimal Separator: ,
Decimal Separator Description: comma
Decimal Separator Example: 12,34
Thousand Separator: .
Thousand Separator Description: period
Thousand Separator Example: 456.789,00
Notes: The thousand separator may be dropped and replaced by a space for numbers above ten thousand, when
they are printed out by a machine e.g: 132 457
Measurement Units
Metric System Commonly Used? Yes
Temperature: Celsius
Category
English
Translation
Abbreviation
Linear Measure
Kilometer
kilometer
km
Meter
meter
m
Decimeter
decimeter
dm
14
Category
Capacity
Mass
English Units of
Measurement
English
Translation
Abbreviation
Centimeter
centimeter
cm
Millimeter
millimeter
mm
Hectoliter
hektoliter
hl
Liter
liter
l
Deciliter
decliliter
dcl
Centiliter
centiliter
cl
Milliliter
Milliliter
ml
Ton
tona
t
Kilogram
kilogram
kg
Pound
funt
n/a
Gram
gram
g
Decigram
dekagram
dag
Centigram
centigram
cg
Milligram
milligram
mg
Inch
palec
“
Feet
čevelj
n/a
Mile
milja
n/a
Gallon
galona
n/a
Notes: If the unit of measure is preceded by a number, there should be a non-breaking space between the
number and the unit of measure: 35 mm or 8 MB.
Percentages
There should be a non-breaking space between the number and percentage sign: 35 %.
Sorting
Sorting rules
1. Capital letters and lowercase letters are equal. No distinction is made between them.
2. The extended characters š, Š, č, Č, ţ and Ţ are not the equivalents of c, s, or z but treated
as separate letters of the alphabet.
15
3. Non-alphabetical characters (i.e. symbols like @ ! #) sort before the letters of the alphabet.
4. Digits sort after the non-alphabetical characters and before the letters of the alphabet.
Character
sorting order
a
0061
b
0062
c
0063
č
010D
d
0064
e
0065
f
0066
g
0067
h
0068
i
0069
j
006A
k
006B
l
006C
m
006D
n
006E
o
006F
p
0070
r
0072
s
0073
š
0161
t
0074
u
0075
v
0076
z
007A
ţ
017E
A
0041
B
0042
C
0043
Č
010C
D
0044
E
0045
F
0046
G
0047
16
H
0048
I
0049
J
004A
K
004B
L
004C
M
004D
N
004E
O
004F
P
0050
R
0052
S
0053
Š
0160
T
0054
U
0055
V
0056
Z
005A
Ţ
017D
1
Examples of
sorted words
@
Aaron
andere
ändere
chaque
chemin
cote
coté
côte
côté
Czech
čučēt
hiša
irdisch
lävi
lie
lire
llama
lõug
17
Löwen
lòza
Lübeck
luck
luč
lye
Männer
màšta
mîr
möchten
myndig
piña
pint
pylon
sämtlich
savoir
Sietla
subtle
symbol
šàran
Šerbūra
ślub
väga
verkehrt
vox
waffle
wood
yen
yuan
yucca
zoo
Zürich
Zviedrija
zysk
zzlj
zzlz
zznj
zznz
ţal
ţena
Ţenēva
18
Geopolitical Concerns
Part of the cultural adaptation of the US-product to a specific market is the resolving of geopolitical issues. While
the US-product should have been designed and developed with neutrality and a global audience in mind, the
localized product should respond to the particular situation that applies within the target country/region.
Sensitive issues or issues that might potentially be offensive to the users in the target country/region may occur in
any of the following:





Maps
Flags
Country/region, city and language names
Art and graphics
Cultural content, such as encyclopedia content and other text where historical or political
references may occur
Some of these issues are relatively easy to verify and resolve: the objective should be for the localizer to always
have the most current information available. Maps and other graphic representations of countries/regions and
regions should be checked for accuracy and existing political restrictions. Country/region, city and language
names change on a regular basis and need to be checked, even if previously approved.
A thorough understanding of the culture of the target market is required for checking the appropriateness of
cultural content, clip art and other visual representations of religious symbols, body and hand gestures.
Grammar, Syntax & Orthographic Conventions
This section includes information on how to apply the general rules of the Slovenian language to Microsoft
products and documentation.
Adjectives
In Slovenian, adjectives should be handled in the following manner.
Adjectives have two forms: definite form (določna oblika) and indefinite form (nedoločna oblika). The difference is
only visible in the 1st and 4th cases of masculine gender (1. in 4. sklon pri moškem spolu - e.g. izbran pogon vs.
izbrani pogon). Some adjectives only appear in either definite or indefinite form, but not both.
1. Adjectives in indefinite form describe a quality or a characteristic of the noun they modify. They answer the
question "What kind?" (Kakšen?).
• Nominal phrases premodified by the indefinite article a/an are normally translated with the indefinite form
of the adjective: an invalid parameter - neveljaven parameter.
2. Adjectives in the definite form distinguish the noun they modify from other nouns and describe an already
known quality or characteristic. They answer the question "Which one?" (Kateri?).
• Nominal phrases premodified by the definite article “the” are normally translated with the definite form of
the adjective.
19
• The definite form is always used after demonstrative and possessive pronouns (kazalni in svojilni zaimki)
and the pronoun "ves" (Ta formatirani seznam, Naš klicni center, Ves omrežni promet). Note that after the
pronoun "vsak" the indefinite form is used (Vsak nov odsek).
• The definite form is also used when the noun is sufficiently defined by other sentence elements, such as
a relative clause (oziralni stavek) or a qualifier (prilastek - e.g. Stehnizirani svet, ki nas obdaja; Mali kolektiv
piranske zavarovalnice).
Some examples of common errors:
English
Slovenian – incorrect
Unpartitioned space on this computer
Nerazdeljen prostor v računalniku.
Hard disk
Trd disk
3D Combo Chart.
3D lomljen grafikon.
Manual Exposure Control
Ročen nadzor osvetlitve
Disable 16 color brush cache
Omogoči predpomnilnik za 16 barven čopič
Unbalanced parenthesis
Neuravnovešen oklepaj
Make Outlook Express the default program for:
Outlook Express naj bo privzet program za:
Disk space available:
Nezaseden prostor na disku:
Use specified custom profile:
Uporabi naveden profil po meri:
Use default remote gateway
Uporabi privzet oddaljeni prehod
Restart
Vnovičen zagon
Possessive adjectives
The frequent use of possessives is a feature of English language. However in Slovenian, possessive adjectives
should for the most part be omitted. Literal duplication of these from English in Slovenian texts is considered poor
style.
Articles
General considerations
Please see notes regarding articles in section on adjectives
Unlocalized Feature Names
No applicable rules in this section.
Localized Feature Names
20
Articles for English Borrowed Terms
Capitalization
In English, it is a general practice to capitalize all words in titles and names, e.g. Style Guide. In Slovenian, only
the first word and proper names within the title are capitalized, e.g. Slogovni vodnik, Zdruţene drţave Amerike.
Do not use capitalization in the middle of the name for check boxes, radio buttons, commands or options when
the name contains other option, check box or radio button names, e.g. Organiziraj priljubljene (Not: Organiziraj
Priljubljene).
Use capitalization in cases when you are referring to proper nouns like names of programs, modules etc., (e.g.
Opens the Microsoft Chat Release Notes – Odpre Microsoft Chatove opombe ob izdaji.)
Note: Wizard names in the middle of sentences are not capitalized, e.g. Dobrodošli v čarovniku za vzpostavljanje
povezave z internetom.
In English additional short text in brackets often starts with the capital letter, e.g. “The updated software
(Recommended)”. In Slovenian localized software, when the short text in brackets is not a full sentence it should
be lower case, e.g. “Posodobljena programska oprema (priporočeno)”.
Table column and row titles should follow the same language style throughout the software. Column and row titles
should start with capital letters and usually should not end with any punctuation marks.
When the table items are complete sentences, each of them starts with a capital letter and ends with a period.
When table items are not complete sentences, they may start with either a small or capital letter and do not end
with a period. However, the style applied must be consistent throughout the column, i.e. start with either small or
capital letter.
There are three approved patterns of localizing program/applet/component names:




Capitalize when standing at the beginning of a sentence and not preceded by the word Microsoft (e.g.
Organizator izrezkov, Računalo etc.)
Lowercase when standing at the beginning of a sentence and preceded by the word Microsoft (e.g.
Microsoftov organizator izrezkov, Microsoftova lupa etc.)
Lower-case when standing in the middle of a sentence and preceded by the word Microsoft.
Lower-case when standing in the middle of a sentence and not preceded by the word Microsoft (Copy to
clipboard – Kopiraj v odloţišče).
When a component name is preceded by the word Microsoft XXX, it should be lower-case, with the application
name declined (e.g. Microsoft Officeova vrstica bliţnjic).
National holidays - Except at the beginning of a sentence or when derived from a personal name, holidays are
NOT capitalized: boţič, valentinovo, jom kipur, roš hašana, hanuka, kurban bajram, eid-al-fitr ...
21
Compounds
Generally, compounds should be understandable and clear to the user. Overly long or complex compounds
should be avoided. Keep in mind that unintuitive compounds are ultimately an intelligibility and usability issue.
Gender
General Slovenian grammar rules apply (see references at beginning of SG).
Genitive
Modifiers
Nouns
General considerations
Inflection
Plural Formation
Prepositions
Pay attention to the correct use of the preposition in translations. Influenced by the English language, many
translators omit them or change the word order - they should not be translated literally.



Most prepositions have several Slovenian counterparts, thus the preposition ”on” for instance can
correspond to Slovenian na, ob, v, pri …
In some cases, prepositions are not preserved in the translation: Follow the instructions in this wizard Sledite navodilom čarovnika.
IMPORTANT: As opposed to English, Slovenian requires that in transitive verbs the object immediately
follows the preposition: Place the caption next to or below the image – Napis postavite zraven slike ali
pod njo (Not: … zraven ali pod sliko)
22
Some standard translations are listed below:
 In - normally corresponds to Slovenian ”v”. The exception is ”in a pile” - ”na kupu”
 At – corresponds to Slovenian ”pri, na, ob, s/z”.
 Under - corresponds to Slovenian "pod" but also "s/z, v, po, v skladu z, ...". Avoid direct translation
 On - can be part of a phrasal verb (e.g. turn on) or preposition corresponding to "na" or "v"
The most frequent translations are listed below:
English
Slovenian
Comment
At least
Vsaj
At most
Največ
At once
Hkrati
Not: istočasno
At the same time
Hkrati
Not: istočasno
At a later time
Pozneje
At a time
Naenkrat / ne … hkrati
Only one document can be
inserted at a time - Naenkrat
lahko ...
At any time
Kadar koli
Not stressed also: kadar koli
At another time
Drugič
At a specific time
Ob določeni/navedenI uri
At the time when…
Ko …
At run time
Med izvajanjem
At the moment
Trenutno
At a kiosk
V kiosku
At this location
Na tem mestu
At insertion point
Na mestu vstavljanja
At the top
Na vrhu or Zgoraj
At the bottom
Na dnu or Spodaj
At the end
Na koncu
At the beginning
Na začetku
At Open
Ob odpiranju
At Startup
Ob zagonu
Hyphenate at
Deli pri
Separate at
Loči pri
Start at
Začni pri / z
End at
Končaj pri / z
Error at
Napaka pri
Kern at
Spodsekaj pri
Most often not: V trenutku, ko
23
Indent at
Zamik pri / na
Cross at
Sekaj pri
Align at
Poravnati pri/na
On
Corresponds to Slovenian na, ob, v:
English
Slovenian
Comment
on
vklopljen
turn on
vklopiti
on a program
v programu
on MS Companion
v programu MS Companion
on an operating system
v operacijskem sistemu
on Windows XP
v operacijskem sistemu Windows
XP
on clipboard
v odloţišču
click (on) something
klikniti nekaj
Do not use: klikniti na
help on
pomoč o …
Do not use: pomoč v zvezi z
tip on
namig o
on a menu
v meniju
on a toolbar
v orodni vrstici
on a status bar
v vrstici stanja
on the ruler
na ravnilu
on a control
v kontrolniku
on a tab
na zavihku
on a button
na gumbu
on the web
v spletu
on a web page
na spletni strani
on a network
v omreţju
on the internet
v internetu
Not: na internetu
on the net
v omreţju
Not: na omreţju
log on to network
vzpostaviti povezavo z omreţjem
Not: na spletu
A corresponding preposition is
"iz" for instance "iz orodne
vrstice", "iz interneta" (not "z
interneta".)
24
on a device
v napravi
on a drive
na pogonu
on a disk
na disku
on a floppy-disk
na disketi
on the screen
na zaslonu
on a server
v streţniku
on the keypad
na tipkovnici
on machine
v računalniku
on computer
v računalniku
on cell/mobile phone
v prenosnem telefonu
on a range
v obsegu
on top
na vrhu
on install
ob namestitvi
on load
ob nalaganju
on the fly
brez vnovičnega zagona
on save
ob shranjevanju
on copy
ob kopiranju
on paste
ob lepljenju
on close
ob zapiranju
on exit
ob izhodu
on first use
ob prvi uporabi
E.g. Page a friend on his cell
phone
Under
The preposition “under” should not be automatically translated as "pod". This is the most frequent meaning but is
wrong in many contexts. Consider the examples below and remember to use common sense and a general feel
for language when translating this preposition.
English
Slovenian
Save under a different name
Shrani z drugim imenom
Maximum extent under law
V največji meri, ki jo omogoča zakon
Under current legislation
Po veljavni zakonodaji/Skladno z veljavno
zakonodajo
Under the File menu
V meniju »Datoteka«
Under Microsoft Windows XP
V programu Microsoft Windows XP
Value under HK_LOCAL_Machine
Vrednost v HK_LOCAL_MACHINE
25
Run under safe mode
Izvajati v varnem načinu
Under normal conditions
V normalnih pogojih
Pronouns
Excessive use of possessive pronouns should be avoided. Two common mistakes include using a pronoun where
in Slovenian it is not needed, i.e. ”She shook her head” – ”Stresla je s svojo glavo”, and using the wrong pronoun
”She shook her head” – “Stresla je z njeno glavo”. In most cases the pronoun ”your” should be left out; in others
the form ”svoj” or ”vaš”, depending on context, should be used.
Examples:
Turn on your computer.
Vklopite računalnik. (”Svoj” can be left out and "vaš" is incorrect.)
Close your document.
Zaprite dokument. (Leave out ”Svoj” if there is no possibility for confusion)
First, save your document, then you can close the one on remote server.
Najprej shranite svoj dokument, nato pa lahko zaprete tistega v oddaljenem streţniku.
Punctuation
Comma
For detailed rules on the use of commas refer to Slovenski pravopis – Pravila.
Examples of the most common difficulties in MS translations are listed below:
The word ”Prosimo” is separated from the rest of the text by a comma.
English
Slovenian
Please wait
Prosimo, počakajte
Comment
Unless joined by a co-coordinating conjunction (priredni veznik), two syntactical units, each containing a finite
verbal form (osebna glagolska oblika), are separated by commas.
English
Incorrect
Comment
You can't use a date format in
a different language than the
slide master.
Datumska oblika ne more biti v
drugačnem jeziku kot je matrica
diapozitiva.
Comma before ”kot”
Izberite programe za katere
Select the applications for
which you want to save/restore želite shraniti ali obnoviti
settings
nastavitve
Comma before ”za”
26
A comma is placed before the co-ordinate conjunction (priredni veznik: in, pa, ter …), if it is required by the
dependent clause.
English
Incorrect
Comment
Please verify that you have
entered all required
information, and try again
Preverite, ali ste vnesli vse
zahtevane informacije in
poskusite znova
Comma before ”in”
… based on the certificates it is zasnovano na potrdilih, za izdajo Comma before ”in” because “za
configured to issue as well as katerih je nastavljen in na
izdajo katerih” is a dependent
the security permissions
varnostnih
clauses that has to be separated
from the main clause
Non-finite clauses (polstavki) are separated from the main clauses when realized by a participle (deleţnik), a
noun or an adjective.
In the phrase "tako da", a comma before "tako" denotes a consequence or result of action, whereas before "da" it
denotes a process i.e. a manner of action or the way of doing something.
English
Slovenian
To return to the location of your Na mesto zadnjega urejanja se
last edit, press SHIFT+F5
vrnete tako, da pritisnete tipki
SHIFT+F5
Although you have closed the
program window, the program
will continue to run in the
taskbar (near the clock) so that
you can receive alerts and
instant messages
Comment
(kako?) … tako, da …
Manner of action
Čeprav ste zaprli okno programa, (posledica) … , tako da …
se bo program še naprej izvajal v
opravilni vrstici (zraven ure), tako State or Result
da boste lahko prejemali
opozorila in neposredna
sporočila
No comma even if sentence subject is a long and complex nominal phrase.
English
Incorrect
Comment
For more information on
digitally signed drivers see …
Comma before "v sorodnih"
Za dodatne informacije o
digitalno podpisanih gonilnikih, v
sorodnih temah preberite
Before editing registry make a
...
Pred spreminjanjem registra,
naredite …
No comma before "registra"
Dependent clause is separated on both sides from the main clause:
English
Incorrect
The supported Clipboard
formats for reports are
Oblike zapisov, ki jih podpira
odloţišče so: obogateno besedilo
Comment
27
English
Incorrect
Comment
So even if the CA publishes a
new
Tudi, če overovitelj potrdila objavi No comma after tudi
nov …
Buttons available
Gumbi, na voljo
Either: Gumbi, ki so na voljo or
Gumbi na voljo
Colon
Apply general punctuation rules.
Dashes and Hyphens
Three different dash characters are used in English:
Hyphen
The hyphen is used to divide words between syllables, to link parts of a compound word, and to connect the parts
of an inverted or imperative verb form. In all cases where technical problems could arise due to the use of endash, it is allowed to use the hyphen instead.
Example: TV-sprejemnik
En Dash
The en dash is used as a minus sign (space before numeral: 10 – 2), for negative values (no space before
numeral, e.g. –17 °C).
The en dash is also used in number ranges, such as those specifying page numbers. No spaces are used around
the en dash in this case.
Example: 8–21
Em Dash
Not used in Slovenian
Ellipses (Suspension Points)
Must always be preceded by a space in Slovenian.
Example: Odpiranje …
Period
General Slovenian punctuation rules apply (see references at beginning of SG).
28
Quotation Marks
In Slovenian double angle quotation marks »« (ALT +175, 174) are used in all instances in localized Software.
Help and documentation uses bold formatting as a counterpart to SW quotation marks. Quotation marks are used,
however, in help and documentation when this is required by general rules (See Pravopis, Pravila, pp. 59-60).
Double or single upper or lower quotation marks (", '), single angle quotation marks or curly quotation marks (“ ”),
should not be used.
Use quotation marks in the following cases:
 In software for all UI elements:
 Menu names (V meni »Start« dodaj bližnjico do orodij za gonilnike )
 Menu commands (v meniju »Datoteka« kliknite »Shrani«)
 Button names (v orodni vrstici »Standard« kliknete gumb »Shrani«)
 Dialog Titles (spremenite mesto na kartici »Shrani« v pogovornem oknu »Možnosti«)
 Tabs (see above)
 Toolbar names
 Options
 Folder names
 Fields (Mapa »%1!hs!«, navedena v polju »Izhodi \x010De« ni veljavna.)
 Action Argument Names (Argument »Ime obrazca« ste pustili prazen)
 Property Names (Obrazec je samo za branje, ker ni nastavljena lastnost »Enolična tabela«.)
 Property Values (Ustrezno ponastavite vrednost na »Ni zaklepanja« ali »Urejan zapis«.)
 Expressions (Operator Is lahko uporabite samo v izrazu z »Nič« ali »Ni Nič«.)
 Groups (V skupini »Skrbniki« mora obstajati vsaj en uporabnik.)
 In all cases when the translation without quotations would appear strange in a sentence, standing out as
if not part of the remaining text, and when there is no other way to identify this odd text;
 A word in a sentence that is capitalized and is not a proper name or anything else for which Slovenian
grammar rules require capitalization;
 A sentence or phrase that appears to have no connection with other parts of the sentence until the user
realizes it is a quoted text from a dialog window.
 Use quotation marks whenever they are present in source text. US single upper quotation marks ( ' )
translate into double angle quotation marks in Slovenian (e.g. Access to the resource '%1!.1023ls!' has
been disallowed. - Dostop do sredstva »%1!.1023ls!« ni bil dovoljen.). The same is true of US double
upper quotation marks (e.g. The protocol "%1!.1023ws!" does not have a registered program. - S
protokolom »%1!.1023ws!« ni povezan noben registriran program.)

Do not use quotation marks in the following cases:
 English text within Slovenian text
 Loan words
 Acronyms
Parentheses
In English, there is no space between the parentheses and the text inside them. The same applies for Slovenian.
Example: (priporočeno)
29
Singular & Plural
Split Infinitive
Subjunctive
Symbols & Non-Breaking Spaces
Syntax
Syntax and register differ between Slovenian and English in the following ways:
1. In Slovenian the formal plural form should always be used to address the user.
Example: Želite odpreti datoteko? NOT Želiš odpreti datoteko?
2. Then computer/device should never be personified
Example: Shranjevanje datoteke … NOT Shranjujem datoteko …
Verbs
Reflexive forms
Avoid using reflexive forms of verbs such as "prebrati" (Wrong: Preberite si navodila o izdelku) or "pregledati"
(Wrong: Preglejte si navodila o izdelku).
Gerunds or perfective verb form?
For action where stress is not on the process or duration but on completion, use the perfective form of the
corresponding verb, thus:
Obnovitev, not Obnavljanje (or Obnova); Accepting - Sprejetje, not Sprejemanje; Accessing - dostop, not
dostopanje; Odstranitev, not Odstranjevanje (once-off action, stress on completion). But: Med nameščanjem je
prišlo do napake - note that the meaning here is "during installation" (stress on process, duration)
For dialog titles, however, the imperfective form of the corresponding verb should be used whenever possible.
Some examples:
30
English
Slovenian
Open
Odpiranje
Print
Tiskanje
Save
Shranjevanje
Save as
Shranjevanje
Save Scheme
Shranjevanje sheme
Add
Dodajanje
Add xxxx
Dodajanje xxx (genitive)
Add to
Dodajanje med ...
Find
Iskanje
Word Order
Style and Tone Considerations
This section focuses on higher-level considerations for audience, style, tone, and voice.
Audience
Microsoft products have a broad audience, so the text should be inclusive and nondiscriminatory. Terminology
should not make users feel that the product is not for them.
Examples:
(+) druţinske varnostne nastavitve
(-) starševski nadzor (Starši se lahko počutijo obtoţene, da preveč nadzirajo otroke.)
(+) Najdite partnerja svojih sanj.
(-) Najdite svojega sanjskega moškega. (Omeji uporabnike na tiste, ki se sestajajo z moškimi)
Style
Use simple, direct words. Editorial style must be clear, simple, and correct. Use the simplest and most specific
word possible. E.g., use tudi instead of prav tako.
Use precise words. When it works with the tone and voice, use one-word nouns and verbs. Nouns and verbs
containing multiple words, such as sprijazniti se z, pobrati sadove and prvi v vrsti, can be mistakenly interpreted
as individual terms instead of the noun or verb phrase. One-word terms, such as prenašati, dokončati and vodje
are easier to interpret.
31
Avoid idiomatic and colloquial expressions. Idioms can confuse non-native speakers, and they take extra time
to translate. For example, the Italian equivalent of Ubiti dve muhi na en mah is Ujeti dva goloba z enim zrnom.
Avoid surprising or humorous word choices, slang, and sarcasm. Puns and coined phrases can be difficult
to interpret, and non-native English speakers might not recognize humour or sarcasm.
Avoid acronyms and abbreviations (except if the meaning is obvious, as in St. Peterburg), or use them
sparingly and define them in context. E.g. WA is the abbreviation for one of the US states and for West Australia.
Use contractions in most cases. Contractions can help provide a more casual tone. However, if the subject
matter is serious, such as a critical error, the text may benefit from a more formal tone, e.g. ni mogoče instead of
nemogoče.
Use one term for one concept, and use terms consistently. Although the use of synonyms might be more
interesting to read, users might assume that your choice of a different term indicates a subtle distinction in
meaning.
If a term describing a concept already exists, use it. Use terms that already exist, but avoid giving specific
technical meaning to common Slovenian terms. Users are most familiar with the standard meaning, and might not
notice the difference in use.
Avoid using jargon and creating words or applying new meanings to common words. If you must use these
terms, define them near the beginning of every section or article. Jargon is also frequently based on metaphor or
U.S. business practices, which might not make sense to worldwide users.
Tone
Localized text in Slovenian speaks directly to users in the second person plural (referring to the user as “vi”).
Writers should avoid referring to themselves (“jaz”).


(+) Izraţajte se
(-) Izraţam se


(+) Vaš zadnji nakup
(-) Moj zadnji nakup
If necessary, writers can refer to Microsoft or Windows Live as "we," but only if this usage benefits readability or
tone.


(+) Priporočamo, da namestite te varnostne funkcije, da bo računalnik varnejši. (Uporaba prve osebe
mnoţine je v tem primeru primerna, saj deluje bolj prijateljsko in manj ukazovalno.)
(-) Te strani ne moremo najti. (Prva oseba mnoţine daje vtis, da Microsoft nadzoruje ta postopek, in ima
tukaj negativno konotacijo.)
One way to avoid the use of "we" is to change the voice to imperative:

Example: Namestite te varnostne funkcije, da bo računalnik varnejši.
32
Voice
In general, use the active voice, which emphasizes the person or thing doing the action. An active voice is more
direct and personal than the passive voice, which can be confusing or sound formal.
Use the passive voice only in the following cases:

When you need to avoid a wordy or awkward construction

When the action rather than the doer is the focus of the sentence

When the subject is unknown

In error messages, when the user is the subject and might feel blamed for the error if you use the active
voice:
(+) Strani ni mogoče najti. (Z uporabo pasiva se učinkovito izognemo uporabi prve osebe
mnoţine in s tem prevzemanju krivde.)
(-) Strani ne moremo najti. (Prva oseba mnoţine daje vtis, da Microsoft nadzoruje ta postopek, in
ima tukaj negativno konotacijo.)
(+) Nekateri zahtevani podatki manjkajo. (Z uporabo pasiva se učinkovito izognemo prelaganju
krivde na uporabnika.)
(-) Niste vnesli vseh zahtevanih podatkov. (Preveč neposredno krivimo uporabnika.)
English
Translation
You are now connected to the Internet.
Povezava z internetom je vzpostavljena.
33
Localization Guidelines
This section contains guidelines for localization into Slovenian.
General Considerations
Abbreviations
Common Abbreviations
You might need to abbreviate some words in the UI (mainly buttons or options names) due to lack of space. This
can be done in the following ways:
Use the common abbreviations listed below. Note, however, that extensive use of abbreviations is not
recommended. Don't abbreviate any words that may not be immediately recognizable to a user. Use
abbreviations only when this is necessary for technical reasons that might prevent normal functioning of localized
products. When in doubt, spell out.
In compound abbreviations such as "t. i." always use non-breaking space (CTRL+SHIFT+spacebar).
If, for technical reasons, the non-breaking space cannot be used (e.g. in Help files) the space in such
abbreviations may be left out to prevent one part of the abbreviations moving to the beginning of next line.
List of common abbreviations:
Expression
Acceptable Abbreviation
na primer
npr.
in tako dalje
itd.
število
št.
angleško
angl.
slovensko
slov.
oziroma
oz.
tako imenovani
t. i.
to je
tj.
gospod, gospa, gospodična
g., ga., gdč.
Don’t abbreviate words such as product names.
34
Accessibility
This section does not apply for Slovenian.
Acronyms
Acronyms are words made up of the initial letters of major parts of a compound term. Some well-known examples
are WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get), OLE (Object Linking and Embedding), or RAM (Random
Access Memory). They should be declinated in Slovenian or used with a modifier.
Examples:
PIN: kodi PIN, PIN-u
RAM: pomnilnika RAM, RAM-a
Localized Acronyms
Unlocalized Acronyms
See general comments at beginning of this section. Otherwise Slovenian grammar rules apply (see references at
beginning of SG).
Applications, Products, and Features
Application/product names are often trademarked or may be trademarked in the future and are therefore rarely
translated. Occasionally, feature names are trademarked, too (e.g. IntelliSense™). Before translating any
application, product, or feature name, please verify that it is in fact translatable and not protected in any way.
The Slovenian subsidiary has recommended that non-localized product names are not to be declined. A qualifier
should thus be used in front of all such non-localized product names to avoid direct declination of the product
name (declination is moved to the qualifier). Several examples of the old and new approaches are listed below:
EN: Microsoft Office document
OLD SL: Microsoft Officeov dokument
NEW SL: dokument zbirke Microsoft Office
EN: Excel spreadsheet
OLD SL: Excelova preglednica
NEW SL: preglednica programa Excel
35
EN: Open the email in Outlook
OLD SL: E-poštno sporočilo odprite v Outlooku
NEW SL: E-poštno sporočilo odprite v programu Outlook
N.B.: A qualifier needs to be used only if the product name would otherwise need to be declined. It should be
omitted in all other cases.
Example:
(+) Outlook se ja zaprl
(-) Program Outlook se je zaprl
Frequent Errors
These are explained throughout the other sections. Please see the appropriate subject for the most common
issues.
Glossaries
Please make sure to consult Microsoft terminology available at http://www.microsoft.com/Language/enUS/Default.aspx. Consistent use of Microsoft approved terminology in all localized products is one of the major
factors in achieving the required quality of the localized product.
Fictitious Information
Fictitious content is legally sensitive material and as such cannot be handled as a pure terminology or localization
issue. Vendors and Localizers are not allowed to create their own fictitious names.
Recurring Patterns
Standardized Translations
There are a number of standardized translations mentioned in all sections of this Style Guide. In order to find
them more easily, the most relevant topics and sections are compiled here for you reference.
36
English
Slovenian
Make sure that ...
To do x do y
For x do y
Poskrbite, da bo ...
Zagotovite
Not advised
Poskrbite za to, da bo
Comments
This translation depends on
context, but should preferably
be translated in line with either
one of the two patterns on the
left.
Če ţelite narediti x, naredite y Da bi naredili x, naredite y This is a standard agreed
translation and should be
applied in all instances, except
when this would result in a
duplication of syntactic
patterns or illogical translation.
cannot
can't
can not
could not
couldn't
unable to
failed to
x ni (bilo) mogoče ...
Do not show me this
message again
Tega sporočila ne kaţi več
Tega sporočila ne
Always translate messages
prikazuj več/Ne kaţi več with this content, regardless of
tega sporočila, ...
the actual source wording, the
same way.
Če ţelite pomoč, kliknite F1.
with this content, regardless of
same way.
Press F1 to get Help.
If you want Help press
F1.
To get Help press F1.
Are you sure ...?
Ali ste prepričani ...?
Do you want to ...?
Ali ţelite ...?
Click OK to continue
Če ţelite nadaljevati, kliknite
»V redu«
se ne da ...
This is a standard agreed
translation and should be
applied in all instances, except
when this would result in a
duplication of syntactic
patterns or illogical translation.
The system cannot open Datoteke ni mogoče odpreti.
the file.
Standard phrase
Could not start print job. Tiskalniškega posla ni bilo
mogoče začeti.
Standard phrase
Failed to create empty
document.
Praznega dokumenta ni bilo
mogoče ustvariti.
No memory
Not enough memory
Insufficient memory
There is not enough
memory available
Out of memory
There is not enough
memory available
Na voljo ni dovolj pomnilnika.
Cannot find file
Datoteke ni mogoče najti.
Standard phrase
same way.
37
Failed to find file
File not found
Unable to find file
same way.
it is recurring
se ponavlja.
je ponavljajoče se.
This product has already
been activated
Ta izdelek je ţe aktiviran
Ta izdelek je ţe bil
aktiviran
Choose the type of
installation you need
Izberite vrsto namestitve
Izberite vrsto namestitve,
ki jo potrebujete
Do not show this xxxx
Tega xxx ne kaţi več
Tega xxx ne
prikaţi/prikazuj ... več
... application version 1.1 ... program različica 1.1 ali
or later
novejša
... 1.0 or later
There are many versions of
this type of message. Only the
one in the second column
should be used, though.
Program različice 1.1 ali Example:
novejše različice tega This document was originally
programa
created in Microsoft version
FrontPage 3.0 or later
WRONG: Ta dokument je bil
izvirno ustvarjen s programom
Microsoft FrontPage, različica
3.0 ali novejša - (+) Ta
dokument je bil izvirno
ustvarjen s programom
Microsoft FrontPage različice
3.0 ali novejše.
... 1.0 ali novejša različica tega
programa
Example:
This feature requires Microsoft
Windows Media Player 8 or
later - WRONG: Za to moţnost
morate imeti Microsoft
Windows Media Player 8 ali
njegovo novejšo različico - (+)
Za to moţnost morate imeti
Microsoft Windows Media
Player 8 ali novejšo različico
tega programa
Phrasal verbs
Below is the list of the most common phrasal verbs and their standard translations:
English
Check in
Check out
Login in
Log out
Log on
Sign in
Sing out
Slovenian
Sprostiti
Rezervirati
Prijaviti se
Odjaviti se
Prijaviti se
Vpisati se
Izpisati se
Comment
Eg: Check in a document
E.g. Check out a document
Prijaviti se v
Odjaviti se iz
Vpis
Izpis
38
Sign up
Naročiti se
Naročanje
Quit, Exit and Close
There is considerable inconsistency in the way the verbs Exit, Quit and Close are used. To avoid reproducing this
inconsistency in Slovenian translations observe the following rules:



Use "Zapri" as the translation for "Close" when referring to windows, documents and dialog boxes.
Use "Izhod" as the translation for "Exit" as the command name only;
Use "Končaj" as the translation for "Quit" as a transitive verb, as in "quit the program." When referring to
closing a program "Končaj" also is the preferred translation for the following verbs: close, exit, end, leave,
stop, or terminate. In these cases "Končaj" rather than respective standard translations should be used.
Note that the user can click the Close button or the Exit command to quit, but close (Zapri) should be used only
to refer to either the button or closing a window and exit (Izhod) only to refer to the command.
Click and Select
The English text mostly uses "click" and "point" (instead of "choose"). The Slovenian equivalents are "klikniti" and
"pokazati". They may be used without the preposition »na« if such a translation is unambigous and stylistically
acceptable (e.g. Click OK – Kliknite »V redu«).
In some older or updated texts you may still find "choose" for commands instead of "click". However, it should still
be translated as "klikniti" to save the verb "izbrati" for cases when the uses has the option to choose one from
among several options.
"Enter" and "type" should be translated as "vnesti" in cases when it is not emphasized that the user must press
the Enter, TAB or arrow key to make an input. When this emphasis exists the translation "natipkati" should be
used.
Usage of "Select"
Item
Lists
English
Slovenian
Comment
In the drop-down list, Izberite moţnost s spustnega select = izbrati
select an option.
seznama.
Uporabnik izbira med
ali
Izberite moţnost na spustnem pripravljenimi
moţnostmi, ki so mu na
seznamu.
voljo.
Check Boxes
Select the check box. Potrdite potrditveno polje.
select = potrditi,
toda »to clear« a check
box = »počistiti«
Highlighting Text, Graphics, Select the text and Označite besedilo in ga povlecite select = označiti
Cells, etc.
then drag it to the new na novo mesto.
Uporabnik
označi
location.
besedilo (grafiko, celico
ali kar koli drugega).
39
Usage of “Click”
Item
Menus
Cascading
Menus
Shortcut
Menus
Toolbars/
Buttons
English
On the ____ menu, click
_____.
On the ___ menu, click
___, and then click ___.
On the shortcut menu, click
_____.
Click ___.
On the toolbar, click ___.
English Example
On the File menu, click Open.
Slovenian
V meniju Datoteka kliknite Odpri.
On the View menu, click Fonts, V meniju Pogled kliknite Pisave,
nato pa še Male.
and then click Small.
V priročnem meniju kliknite Izreži.
On the shortcut menu, click Cut.
Click xxx.
On the toolbar, click xxx.
Click
the arrow next Click
the
arrow
next
to _____ and then click to xxx, and then click the file type
____ .
you want.
Buttons
Click _____.
Click Forms.
Click OK.
Click the _____ button.
Click the Save button.
Tab Dialog On the ____ menu, click On the Properties menu, click
Boxes
______, and then click the Service Properties, and then click
_____ tab.
the Log tab.
Click the ____ tab.
Click the View tab.
Edit boxes
In the ____ box, type _____ In the Fonts box, type Arial and
and then press enter.
then press enter.
List Boxes
In the _____ box, click In the Color box, click Red.
____.
Kliknite xxx.
V orodni vrstici kliknite xxx.
Kliknite puščico poleg xxx nato pa
še ţeleno vrsto datoteke.
Kliknite Obrazci.
Kliknite V redu.
Kliknite gumb Shrani.
V meniju Lastnosti kliknite
Lastnosti storitev in nato še
zavihek Dnevnik.
Kliknite zavihek Pogled.
V polje Pisave natipkajte Arial in
pritisnite (tipko) ENTER.
V polju Barva kliknite Rdeče.
Master/Slave
Please always translate Master/Slave as "Glavni/Odvisen"
Parent/Child
Please always translate Parent/Child as "Nadrejen/Podrejen".
Source and Original
Source = Izvoren (e.g. Source code = Izvorna koda)
Original = Izviren (e.g. Original document = Izvirni dokument)
Fail
Please always translate "xxx failed to ..." or "Failed to xxx" and other phrases with the same meaning as "... ni
uspel/..." rather than as "... je spodletel/..."
This should not be confused, however, with phrases containing "could not, cannot, ..." that are translated using
the phrase "ni (bilo) mogoče ..."
40
Keyboard Shortcuts
English
keyboard shortcut
shortcut key
Slovenian
bliţnjica na tipkovnici
bliţnjična tipka
Start, Stop, Continue
Never translate the verbs "start", "stop" or "continue" as "začni z nečim", "prenehaj z nečim" or "nadaljuj z nečim"
respectively. This pattern characteristic of Croatian but misleading in Slovenian as it implies that another kind of
activity was taking place before or after the "continue with" command.
English
Slovenian
Comment
Start searching
Začni iskanje
"Začni z iskanjem" implies it continues with something else
Stop speaking
Prenehaj govoriti
"Prenehaj z govorjenjem" implies some other activity should replace
speaking.
Continue searching
Nadaljuj iskanje
"Začni z iskanjem" implies it started with something else
One or more ...
Whenever possible, "one or more" should be translated as "nekateri" or "nekaj" or "več", depending on context.
Avoid translating literally to "eden ali več". This is not an absolute rule, however, as sometimes the "eden ali več"
translation is the only appropriate (See example #3).
English
Correct
Wrong* or weak style
One or more of the selected linked
tables could not be refreshed.
Nekaterih tabel ni bilo mogoče
osveţiti
Ene ali več tabel ni bilo mogoče osveţiti
One or more macros were not
converted
Nekateri makri niso bili
pretvorjeni
Eden ali več makrov ni bil pretvorjen
You can sort labels by one or more
fileds
Nalepke lahko razvrstite po
enem ali več poljih
* Nalepke lahko razvrstite po nekaterih
poljih
Unlocalized Items
Trademarked names and the name Microsoft Corporation shouldn’t be localized. A list of Microsoft trademarks is
available for your reference at the following location: http://www.microsoft.com/trademarks/t-mark/names.htm.
Using the Word Microsoft
In English, it is prohibited to use MS as an abbreviation for Microsoft.
Microsoft may be freely declined in UI and text, unless there is a copyright/trademark symbol next to it.
Example: Microsoftova programska oprema.
41
Software Considerations
This section refers to all menus, menu items, commands, buttons, check boxes etc., which should be consistently
translated in the localized product.
Refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa511258.aspx for a detailed explanation of the Windows user interface
guidelines (English).
User Interface
Menus
Menu names should be translated consistently in all localized products: the same US term should have identical
translations in all localized applications.
 Choose a noun or a gerund as a translation for a menu, (e.g.: File – Datoteka, Edit – Urejanje, View –
Pogled, Insert – Vstavljanje, Actions – Dejanja, etc.).
 Where it isn't possible to use a noun, use verbs, but always remember to apply the rules for verbs
described in the appropriate section above.
Note: If in doubt, always check the verb form in the Microsoft terminology database. All exceptions are listed
there.
Commands
Command names should be consistently translated in all localized products: the same US term should have an
identical translation in all localized applications.
Command names which are nouns should be translated as nouns (e.g.: Comment – Komentar, Column –
Stolpec). Nouns always take the nominative case (imenovalnik).
Command names which are verbs are normally translated as verbs (Copy – Kopiraj, Save – Shrani, etc.), but
always remember to apply the rules for verbs described in the section on style.
Rules on capitalization of composite commands are described in the section on style.
Note: If in doubt, please, always check the verb form in the Microsoft terminology database. All exceptions are
listed there.
Messages
Status Messages
What is a Status Bar Message?
42
A status bar message is an informational message about the active document or a selected command as well as
about any active or selected interface item. Messages are shown in the status bar at the bottom of the window
when the user has chosen a menu, a command or any other item, or has started a function. The status bar
messages refer to actions being performed or already complete (for example in Outlook below).
Slovenian Style in Status bar Messages
In English, the status bar messages have different forms dependent on the information they must convey. In
Slovenian, menu and commands status bar messages should follow the format below.
Name
Edit
Slovenian Name
Uredi
Copy to
Folder...
Kopiraj v mapo ...
New
Novo
Category
English Status Bar
message
Slovenian Status Bar
message
menu
Contains editing commands
Vsebuje ukaze za
urejanje
menu
Copies the selected items to
a new location
Kopira izbrane elemente
na novo meso
command
Creates a new document
Ustvari nov dokument
Make object visible?
Ali naj bo predmet viden?
Word is converting the
document. Press Esc to
stop.
Word pretvarja document.
Pritisnite »Esc«, da
prekinete.
Datasheet View
Pogled podatkovnega
lista
Done
Dokončano
The importance of standardization
In the US product you can often find messages that are phrased differently even though they have the same
meaning. Try to avoid this in the localized Slovenian version. Use one standard translation as in the examples
below:
43
English term
Correct Slovenian translation
Press F1 to get Help
If you want Help press F1
Če ţelite pomoč, pritisnite F1.
To get Help press F1
Not enough memory
Insufficient memory
Ni dovolj pomnilnika
There is not enough memory
Save changes to %1?
Ali ţelite shraniti spremembe v %1?
Do you want to save changes to %1?
Error Messages
What Is An Error Message?
Here is an example:
Error messages are messages sent by the system or a program, informing the user that there is an error that
must be corrected in order for the program to keep running. For example, the messages can prompt the user to
take an action or inform the user of an error that requires rebooting the computer.
Slovenian Style in Error Messages
It is important to use consistent terminology and language style in the localized error messages, and not just
translate as they appear in the US product.
Error messages are sometimes “abbreviated” into elliptical sentence structures. In Slovenian, the abbreviated
style does not work well and should be used as sparingly as possible.
44
Punctuation guidelines
Slovenian error messages in most cases end with the period. However, when the source message ends with
three dots, the Slovenian should as well. When there is no end period in source, there should be none in
Slovenian.
Exclamation marks in Slovenian error messages should be used sparingly. One should bear in mind that most
English sentences ending with the exclamation mark should not have one in Slovenian.
Standard Phrases in Error Messages
When translating standard phrases, standardize. Note that sometimes the US uses different forms to express the
same thing.
Use the present tense, even if the US error message is in the past tense. Sometimes, messages in the US
original are phrased differently although they have the same meaning. Try to avoid this in the localized Slovenian
version. Use one standard translation for the same English meaning.
Examples:
English
Cannot …
Could not …
Failed to …
Failure of …
Translation
Example
Comment
ni mogoče
Storitve ni mogoče
zagnati.
Word order must be
changed for Slovenian.
ni bilo mogoče
Storitve ni bilo mogoče
zagnati.
… ni mogoče najti.
Datoteke ni mogoče najti.
Na voljo ni dovolj
pomnilnika
Na voljo ni dovolj
pomnilnika za izvedbo
tega postopka.
… ni na voljo.
Tiskalnik ni na voljo.
Cannot find …
Could not find …
Unable to find …
Unable to locate …
Not enough memory
Insufficient memory
available
... is not available
... is unavailable
45
Error Messages Containing Placeholders
When localizing error messages containing placeholders, try to find out what will replace the placeholder. This is
necessary for the sentence to be grammatically correct when the placeholder is replaced with a word or phrase.
Note that the letters used in placeholders convey a specific meaning, see examples below:
%d, %ld, %u, and %lu means <number>
%c means <letter>
%s means <string>
Examples of error messages containing placeholders:
"Checking Web %1!d! of %2!d!" means "Checking Web <number> of <number>".
"INI file "%1!-.200s!" section" means "INI file "<string>" section".
Examples in Slovenian:
(-) %s ni mogoče najti
(+) Programa %s ni mogoče najti.
Keys
The keyboard is the primary input device used for text input in Microsoft Windows. For accessibility and efficiency,
most actions can be performed using the keyboard as well. While working with Microsoft software, you use keys,
key combinations and key sequences.
In English, References to key names, like arrow keys, function keys and numeric keys, appear in normal text (not
in small caps). The same should apply in Slovenian.
The table below lists the names of most keys, and also gives Slovenian names for them. They should not be
used, however, if there is an English name written on the key itself.
The descriptor "tipka" may be used for clarity where necessary (e.g. "s tipko TAB skočite v naslednje polje"), but
do not overuse this option as translations may become clumsy.
English
Slovenian usage
Slovenian names
ALT
ALT
IZMENJALKA
BACKSPACE
BACKSPACE (tudi
vračalka)
VRAČALKA
BREAK
BREAK
BREAK
CAPS LOCK
CAPSLOCK
ZAKLEPALKA VELIKOSTI
CTRL
CTRL
KRMILKA
DELETE
DELETE
BRISALKA
46
DOWN ARROW
puščica dol
puščica dol
END
END
DOKONČNICA
ENTER
ENTER
VNAŠALKA
ESC
ESC
UBEŢNICA
F1–F12
F1–F12 (tudi funkcijska
tipka F1)
FUNKCIJSKE TIPKE F1–F12
HOME
HOME
IZHODIŠČNICA
INS
INS
VRIVALKA
LEFT ARROW
puščica levo
puščica levo
NUMLOCK
NUMLOCK
ZAKLEPALKA ŠTEVILČNICE
PAGE DOWN
PgDn
Pg Dn
PAGE UP
PgUp
Pg Up
PAUSE
PAUSE
PAUSE
PRINT SCREEN
PRINTSCREEN
TISKALKA
ENTER (keypad)
ENTER (številska
tipkovnica)
RIGHT ARROW
puščica desno
puščica desno
SCROLL LOCK
SCROLLLOCK
ZAKLEPALKA DRSENJA
SHIFT
SHIFT (tudi dvigalka)
DVIGALKA
SPACEBAR
preslednica
PRESLEDNICA
TAB
TAB (tudi tabulatorka)
TABULATORKA
UP ARROW
puščica gor
puščica gor
47
Access Keys/Hot keys
Sometimes, there are underlined or highlighted letters in menu options, commands or dialog boxes. These letters
refer to access keys (also known as hot keys) that allow you to run commands, perform tasks etc. more quickly.
Hot Key Special Options
Usage: Is It Allowed?
Notes
"Slim characters", such as I, l, t, r, f
can be used as hot key
yes
But only if no other character is
available.
Characters with downstrokes, such
as g, j, y, p and q can be used as
hotkeys
yes
But only if no other character is
available.
Extended characters can be used as
hotkeys
no
An additional letter, appearing
between brackets after item name,
can be used as hotkeys
yes
A number, appearing between
brackets after item name, can be
used as hotkey
yes
A punctuation sign, appearing
between brackets after item name,
can be used as hotkey
yes
Duplicate hotkeys are allowed when
no other character is available
yes
48
Hot Key Special Options
Usage: Is It Allowed?
No hotkey is assigned when no more
characters are available (minor
options only)
yes
Notes
Additional notes: n/a
Arrow Keys
The arrow keys move input focus among the controls within a group. Pressing the right arrow key moves input
focus to the next control in tab order, whereas pressing the left arrow moves input focus to the previous control.
Home, End, Up, and Down also have their expected behavior within a group. Users can't navigate out of a control
group using arrow keys.
Numeric Keypad
It is recommended that you avoid distinguishing numeric keypad keys from the other keys, unless it is required by
a given application. In case which keys to be pressed is not obvious, provide necessary explanations.
Shortcut Keys
Shortcut keys are keystrokes or combinations of keystrokes used to perform defined functions in a software
application. Shortcut keys replace menu commands and they are sometimes given next to the command they
represent. In opposition to the access keys, which can be used only when available on the screen, shortcut keys
can be used even when they are not accessible on the screen.
Standard Shortcut Keys
US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Slovenian
Command
Slovenian
Shortcut key
General Windows Shortcut keys
Help window
F1
same
F1
Context-sensitive Help
Shift+F1
same
Shift+F1
Display pop-up menu
Shift+F10
same
Shift+F10
Cancel
Esc
Prekliči
Esc
Activate\Deactivate menu bar
mode
F10
same
F10
49
US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Slovenian
Command
Slovenian
Shortcut key
Switch to the next primary
application
Alt+Tab
same
Alt+Tab
Display next window
Alt+Esc
same
Alt+Esc
Display pop-up menu for the
window
Alt+Spacebar
same
Alt+Spacebar
Display pop-up menu for the
active child window
Alt+-
same
Alt+-
Display property sheet for current
selection
Alt+Enter
same
Alt+Enter
Close active application window
Alt+F4
same
Alt+F4
Switch to next window within
(modeless-compliant) application
Alt+F6
same
Alt+F6
Capture active window image to
the Clipboard
Alt+Prnt Scrn
same
Alt+Prnt Scrn
Capture desktop image to the
Clipboard
Prnt Scrn
same
Prnt Scrn
Access Start button in taskbar
Ctrl+Esc
same
Ctrl+Esc
Display next child window
Ctrl+F6
same
Ctrl+F6
Display next tabbed pane
Ctrl+Tab
same
Ctrl+Tab
Launch Task Manager and
system initialization
Ctrl+Shift+Esc
same
Ctrl+Shift+Esc
File Menu
File New
Ctrl+N
Datoteka Nova
Ctrl+N
File Open
Ctrl+O
Datoteka Odpri
Ctrl+O
File Close
Ctrl+F4
Datoteka Zapri
Ctrl+F4
File Save
Ctrl+S
Datoteka Shrani
Ctrl+S
File Save as
F12
Datoteka Shrani kot
F12
File Print Preview
Ctrl+F2
Datoteka Predogled tiskanja
Ctrl+F2
File Print
Ctrl+P
Datoteka Natisni
Ctrl+P
File Exit
Alt+F4
Datoteka Izhod
Alt+F4
50
US
Command
US English
Shortcut Key
Slovenian
Command
Slovenian
Shortcut key
Edit Menu
Edit Undo
Ctrl+Z
Urejanje Razveljavi
Ctrl+Z
Edit Repeat
Ctrl+Y
Urejanje Ponovi
Ctrl+Y
Edit Cut
Ctrl+X
Urejanje Izreţi
Ctrl+X
Edit Copy
Ctrl+C
Urejanje Ponovi
Ctrl+C
Edit Paste
Ctrl+V
Urejanje Prilepi
Ctrl+V
Edit Delete
Ctrl+Backspace
Urejanje Izbriši
Ctrl+Backspace
Edit Select All
Ctrl+A
Urejanje Izberi vse
Ctrl+A
Edit Find
Ctrl+F
Urejanje Najdi
Ctrl+F
Edit Replace
Ctrl+H
Urejanje Zamenjaj
Ctrl+H
Edit Go To
Ctrl+B
Urejanje Pojdi na
Ctrl+B
Help Menu
Help
Pomoč
F1
F1
Font Format
Italic
Ctrl+I
Leţeče
Ctrl+I
Bold
Ctrl+G
Krepko
Ctrl+G
Underlined\Word underline
Ctrl+U
Podčrtano\Samo besede
Ctrl+U
Large caps
Ctrl+Shift+A
Samo velike črke
Ctrl+Shift+A
Small caps
Ctrl+Shift+K
Pomanjšane velike črke
Ctrl+Shift+K
Paragraph Format
Centered
Ctrl+E
Na sredino
Ctrl+E
Left aligned
Ctrl+L
Poravnaj levo
Ctrl+L
Right aligned
Ctrl+R
Poravnaj desno
Ctrl+R
Justified
Ctrl+J
Obojestranska poravnava
Ctrl+J
51
Document Translation Considerations
Document localization may require some specific considerations that are different from software localization. This
section covers a few of these areas.
Help documentation contains a lot of text which makes language quality and consistent application of typographic
convention of particular importance. Write all instructions and procedures using an imperative form. Translate
introductory or descriptive parts using an impersonal descriptive style.
Consistent use of typographic conventions in documentation helps users locate and interpret information easily.
The following guidelines present specific typographic conventions which will be used in US and localized print and
online documentation. The US format should be followed as closely as possible. All instances in which the
Slovenian convention is different from the US convention are shaded.
ITEM
User Interface
Slo Format
US Example
Slo Example
Menu names
Command names
Bold
Bold
meni Datoteka
ukaz Priprava strani
Dialog Box Titles
Dialogbox elements:
Tab names
Option names
Field names
Button names
List box names
Text box names
Check box names
Bold
Bold
the File menu
the Page Setup
command
the Options dialog box
zavihek Pogled
moţnost Pokončno
polje Obrazec
gumb V redu
seznamsko polje Vrsta datoteke
vnosno polje Geslo
potrditveno polje Samo za
branje
Icon names
Bold
Views
Windows
Views (unnamed)
Windows (unnamed)
Bold
the View tab
the Portrait option
the Form field
the OK button
the Files of type list
box
the Password text box
the Read Only check
box
Click the Microsoft
Internet Explorer icon.
Full Screen view
the Print window
Switch to normal view.
No formatting
pogovorno okno Možnosti
Kliknite ikono Microsoft Internet
Explorer.
pogled Celoten zaslon
okno Tiskanje
Preklopite v navaden pogled.
… v oknu dokumenta …
… in the document
window …
User Input
Literal
Placeholder (Nadomestno
besedilo)
Key names and
combinations
Bold
Italic
Type a:setup …
Type password …
Natipkajte a:setup …
Natipkajte Geslo …
Print
/Help:
… press ENTER
… press SHIFT+F2
… pritisnite ENTER
… pritisnite SHIFT+F2
SMALL CAPS
(two points less then
remaining text)
52
ITEM
Slo Format
Software:
US Example
Slo Example
Ctrl+G
Ctrl+G
… see Chapter 12 in
the Microsoft Word for
Windows User’s Guide.
… see “Special
Characters” in chapter
4, “Programming
Fundamentals.”
In the online index look
up: Favorites
… glejte 12. poglavje v
Priročniku Microsoft Word za
Windows.
… v 4. poglavju »Osnove
programiranja« poiščite
»Posebni znaki«.
… the Windows
Explorer shows the file
structure.
… Raziskovalec pokaţe
datotečno strukturo.
Initial Caps
Cross-References
Titles of manuals
Italic
Appendix, chapter, and
section names
Quotation marks (»«)
Help index entry
Bold
V stvarnem kazalu pomoči
poiščite: Priljubljene
Miscellaneous
Program names and group
names
Only bold when one
has to click on them.
Directory names (folders),
long/short file names, paths,
URLs
Bold
Acronyms
Command-line
commands/switches
Port names
All caps
Bold
All caps
Click Windows
Explorer, to open it.
the Letter to Eve file
Lexirom.exe
EXCEL.EXE
http://www.yale.edu
C:\folder1\file.ext
DDE, OLE
copy command
/a switch
LPT1, COM1
Kliknite Raziskovalec, če ga
ţelite zagnati.
datoteka Pismo Evi
Lexirom.exe
EXCEL.EXE
http://www.yale.edu
C:\mapa1\datoteka.erw
DDE, OLE
ukaz copy
stikalo /a
LPT1, COM1
Titles
In English the titles for chapters usually begin with "How to …" or with phrases such as "Working with …" or
"Using …". In the Slovenian version of Microsoft documentation general Slovenian grammar rules apply.
Copyright
Copyright protection is granted to any original work of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression from
which it can be perceived, reproduced, or communicated.
53

Slovenian Style Guide - Center

Transcription

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