The Facts about Cord Blood

The Facts about
Cord Blood
Dear Future Mom and/or Dad,
All of us at CorCell would like to give you a
big CONGRATULATIONS on your new baby!
Now that you are expecting, you have probably
heard about saving your baby’s cord blood from
your friends, your family or (hopefully!) your
doctor.
But what is cord blood, and more
importantly, why should you save it? There is a
lot of information, and misinformation, about
this amazing source of stem cells.
We hope that our Facts about Cord Blood
ebook will help demystify cord blood for you.
Best Regards,
CorCell
About CorCell:
CorCell™ is a private Cord Blood
Banking Program based out of Las
Vegas, NV.
We have been saving baby’s
umbilical cord blood since 1995
because we strongly believe in the
healing power, both current and
future, contained within umbilical
cord blood.
Families trust our commitment to quality, which is why over
25,000 of them bank with us. If you would like to learn more
about how cord blood stem cells can potentially save your baby’s
life, please call us at anytime at 888.882.2673.
Like us on Facebook
Follow us on Twitter
Visit our website
Visit our blog
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Intro to cord
blood……………………………………….5
The history of cord blood ……………….…11
How cord blood is used in
medicine……………………...…....16
The future of cord blood………….…….28
Cord blood banking options…….………35
Cord blood myths ……….……...44
CHAPTER 1:
Intro to Cord Blood
The Facts about Cord Blood
Cord Blood Stem Cells
The umbilical cord connects the baby to the
placenta and provides vital nutrients throughout the
pregnancy.
When a baby is born, the
remaining blood in the
umbilical cord contains a
rich source of
hematopoietic stem cells,
and the surrounding cord
tissue is a potent source of
mesenchymal stem cells.
Page 6
99% of umbilical
cords are
thrown away at
birth8
The Facts about Cord Blood
What is a Stem Cell?
Stem cells are the building blocks of the body. Your
skin, nerves, bones and joints were all built by stem
cells during development.
There are two types of stem cells: embryonic stem
cells and adult stem cells. Cord blood contains the
latter.
Page 7
The Facts about Cord Blood
Types of Stem Cells
Embryonic stem cells are the earliest type of stem
cell. Human embryos reach their embryonic stem
cell phase 4-5 days after fertilization, and the
collection of these stem cells results in the
destruction of the embryo. This raises ethical
issues concerning their use. CorCell™ does not
store these stem cells.
Adult stem cells are found in the body after
development. They replenish dying cells and
regenerate damaged tissues.
Adult stem cells can be found in the umbilical cord,
placenta, and bone marrow.
Umbilical cord blood contains Hematopoietic Stem
Cells that produce cells of the blood system.
Page 8
The Facts about Cord Blood
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
The gold within Cord Blood
Hematopoietic stem cells are
the building blocks of the
body’s blood and immune
systems. They are commonly
found in bone marrow as
well as cord blood.
These cells can differentiate
into:
•Bone Cartilage
•Cells for Blood Vessels
•Blood Cells
•Muscle Cells
•Nerve Cells
Page 9
The Facts about Cord Blood
So what does this mean?
Cord blood stem cells have the potential to rebuild
and repair bone cartilage, muscle cells, red blood
cells, white blood cells, nerve cells and more. The
most common treatments using Cord Blood are:
•Cancers
•Blood Disorders
•Metabolic Disorders
•Immune Diseases
With stem cells on the forefront of medical
advances, this list is expected to grow.
Page 10
CHAPTER 2:
The History of Cord Blood
The Facts about Cord Blood
Cord Blood Timeline
1974: Cord blood identified as a source of stem cells
1983: Proposed use of umbilical cord blood as an
alternative source of stem cells as opposed to bone
marrow
1988: First cord blood transplant
1990: First use of cord blood to treat leukemia
1992: First private and public cord blood banks
1993: First cord blood transplant from unrelated donor
1995: The CorCell™ program is founded
1997: Studies show a higher survival rate when using
cord blood cells from a relative1
1998: Cord blood transplant successfully treats sickle
cell disease
2001: Cord blood is shown to be an alternative to bone
marrow for adults needing a stem cell transplant
2003: Cord blood stored in 1985 (15 years) proven to be
viable for use in transplant.
Page 12
The Facts about Cord Blood
Cord Blood Timeline Part 2
2004: Pluripotent stem cells found in cord blood,
meaning it can possibly used for diseases that are not of
the blood system.
2005: Doctors initiate clinical trial use of cord blood
stem cells to treat stroke, cerebral palsy, brain damage
2005: 6,000 cord blood transplants performed worldwide
2006: Studies reveal that only 1 in 3 expectant mothers is
aware of cord blood banking2
2006: Estimated 7,000-8,000 cord blood transplants
performed worldwide
2008: 12,000 cord blood transplants performed worldwide
2008: Odds of needing a hematopoietic stem cell transplant
using one’s own cells estimated to be 1 in 400
2009: CorCell™ relocates to Las Vegas, NV to provide
superior service to customers.
2011: More than 30,000 cord blood stem cell transplants
performed worldwide
Page 13
The Facts about Cord Blood
The First Cord Blood Transplant
The first cord blood transplant was performed 1988 to
treat a patient diagnosed with Fanconi Anemia,
complicated by Aplastic Anemia.
The patient’s unborn sibling was found to be an HLA
match, and this sibling’s cord blood was collected and
frozen at birth.
The patient received low doses of irradiation and received
a transplant of the sibling’s cord blood stem cells.
The transplant rebuilt the patient’s blood system and was
a success. Since then, over 30,000 cord blood transplants
have been performed.
Today, cord blood hematopoietic stem cells can be used to
treat over 80 diseases.
Page 15
CHAPTER 3:
How Cord Blood is used in
Medicine
The Facts about Cord Blood
Currently, over 80 Diseases
Treated with Cord Blood
•Acute Leukemias
•Chronic Leukemias
•Myelodysplastic
Syndromes
•Stem Cell Disorders
•Myeloproliferative
Disorders
•Phagocyte Disorders
•Platelet Abnormalities
•Plasma Cell Disorders
•Plasma Cell Disorders
•Lymphoproliferative
Disorders
•Inherited Metabolic
Disorders
•Histiocytic Disorders
•Inherited Erythrocyte
Abnormalities
•Inherited Immune
System Disorders
View Full List
Page 17
The Facts about Cord Blood
Transplant Medicine:
Treatments Available
Metabolic Disorders
•Krabbe Disease
•Hurler Syndrome
Immune Disorders
SCID
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Blood Cancers
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Myeloma
Blood Disorders
Sickle Cell Anemia
Aplastic Anemia
anconi Anemia)
Solid Tumors
Neuroblastoma
Page 18
The Facts about Cord Blood
The Two Types of Transplants
Autologous Transplant
A stem-cell transplant using ones own
stem cells such as those found in cord
blood.
Allogenic Transplant
A stem-cell transplant using blood from
a donor, such as a sibling or unrelated
donor.
Page 19
The Facts about Cord Blood
Why Doctors Use
Cord Blood
Cryogenically
frozen Cord Blood
can still be used
after 25 years in
years in storage
and may be useful
indefinitely
Using one’s own cord blood guarantees a 100%
match.
If using a donor, cord blood may not have to be
as close a tissue match required for a bone
marrow or peripheral blood transplant.
Cord blood units are frozen, stored and ready to
use. Finding an unrelated marrow or peripheral
blood donor may take too long, and minorities
have a much lower chance of finding a match
within public cord blood banks.
The stem cells in cord blood are attracted to
areas of injuries by signals given off by the cells
inside of the body.
Page 20
The Facts about Cord Blood
Who can use cord
blood stem cells?
Your Baby
Because it is his/her own
stem cells, your baby is
the first person who can
benefit from banking
their cord blood.
It is important to know that some genetic diseases cannot
be treated with one’s own stem cells because the cells
themselves are coded with the genetic problem.
Page 21
The Facts about Cord Blood
Who can use cord
blood stem cells?
Brothers and
Sisters
Siblings have a high
chance of being a match
when it comes to cord
blood transplants.
Siblings have a 25% chance of being a perfect
match, a 50% chance of being a 50/50 match,
and a 25% chance of not being a match. A
50/50 match is usually enough for most cord
blood transplants.
Page 22
The Facts about Cord Blood
Who can use cord
blood stem cells?
HLA Matches
Learn more about HLA matching here.
When two people who share the same
HumanLeukocyteAntigens, their tissues
and Cord Blood are compatible with
each other.
Page 23
The Facts about Cord Blood
Stem Cell Transplants
There are an estimated 15,000 patients
in need of a stem cell transplant every
year.
Up to 40 percent of them cannot find a
match3
Page 24
The Facts about Cord Blood
Diseases that Destroy Bone Marrow
Diseases such as:
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Leukemia
Multiple Myeloma
Aplastic Anemia
All destroy bone marrow, which is essential for your
blood and immune systems.
The diseased bone marrow is destroyed using
radiation and/or chemotherapy. From there, stem
cells are transplanted, and they rebuild the host’s
bone marrow and blood systems.
Page 25
The Facts about Cord Blood
Other diseases that require
chemotherapy, such as cancer, may
also require a cord blood stem cell
transplant because blood cells are
destroyed.
Learn More
about
Transplants
Page 26
The Facts about Cord Blood
Cord Blood Infusions
For some treatments, a Cord Blood infusion is used.
Because of stem cell’s ability to find and repair
damaged tissue, Cord Blood is infused into the body.
The cells find the site where the damage is and go
to work.
Page 27
CHAPTER 4:
The Future of Cord Blood
The Facts about Cord Blood
2013: Cord blood is
used in over 500
clinical trials for
future therapies.
Including:
Page 29
AUTISM
1 in 88 children are diagnosed with
Autism in the United States4
Evidence suggests that in some children,
autism may be caused by a dysfunctional
immune response that may affect normal
development of the nervous system.6
The stem cells found in umbilical cord
blood may be able to regulate this
immune deficiency.
Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury is the leading
cause of disability and death in children
and adolescents nationwide.
Every year, 564,000 children are treated
for brain injuries in the Emergency
Room, and 62,000 children with brain
injuries are hospitalized.5
CEREBRAL
PALSY
Leading cause of childhood onset disability
The use of Cord Blood in Cerebral Palsy
cases have been very promising. Check out
some success stories below:
Cord blood reverses Cerebral Palsy in Colorado Girl
First Successful Treatment of Pediatric Cerebral
Palsy with Autologous Cord Blood: Awoken from a
Persistent Vegetative State
Umbilical Cord Blood Therapy Potentiated with
Erythropoietin for Children with Cerebral Palsy
DIABETES
15,000 children are diagnosed with type 1
diabetes every year.
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body’s own
immune system destroys and attacks the
insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
Due to Cord Blood’s ability to rebuild the
immune system, it has been seen as a
potential therapy for the disease.
As of 2012, stem cells from Cord Blood
successfully “re-educated” the immune system
of patients afflicted with type 1 Diabetes so
that the pancreas could once again produce
insulin.
You can read about it HERE
And More…
Medicine evolves at a rapid pace,
and the research into future stem
cell therapies is promising.
For more information about
current Cord Blood clinical trials,
visit CLINICALTRIALS.GOV
CHAPTER 5:
Cord Blood Banking Options
The Facts about Cord Blood
Private Banking vs.
Public Banking
Private Banking:
Banking a baby’s umbilical cord privately means that
the stem cells are stored for the family’s future use. A
kit provided by the private bank is provided, the cord
blood is collected by the doctor, midwife or nurse and
is stored in the private facility.
Public Banking:
Banking publically means that the baby’s umbilical cord
blood is donated to a public bank. The family
voluntarily gives up all rights to the cord blood for the
public good in case an unrelated person needs a cord
blood transplant.
Page 36
The Facts about Cord Blood
Advantages of Private
Banking
100% match for baby
It’s the baby’s own stem cells. The baby will not have to
rely on waiting for a donor match to get a stem cell
transplant. This is especially important for minorities who
may not find a match in a public bank.
Family access
Parents may be able to access their baby’s cord blood
should the baby or a family member need treatment. As
stated before, transplants among family members have the
highest success rate.
Future therapies
The stem cells are stored away and can be used for future
therapies because the family retains control of the stem
cells.
Customer service
The private company can be contacted at anytime
regarding the banked stem cells.
Page 37
The Facts about Cord Blood
Disadvantages of
Private Banking
It’s not free
Cord blood banking costs between $1,000 and
$2,000 to process followed by a yearly storage fee
of around $125 a year.
However
CorCell, however, offers extremely flexible payment
plans to meet a family’s budget. Families can
choose their own monthly payment. Click here for a
quote.
Page 38
The Facts about Cord Blood
Certain Genetic Disorders
Some genetic disorders cannot be cured using
one’s own cord blood because the genetic defect
that caused the disorder remains in the stored
cord blood.
However
If a sibling doesn’t have the disorder, then their
stem cells may be able to be used to replace the
defective genes in their sibling.
Page 39
The Facts about Cord Blood
Advantages of Public
Banking
It’s free
The cord blood is donated for a good cause.
It can save a another person’s life
The blood doesn’t go to waste
The stem cells found in cord blood are very valuable,
but cord blood is discarded in 99% of births.8
Page 40
The Facts about Cord Blood
Disadvantages of
Public Banking
Rights to the stem cells are given away
The stem cells go to the public, and there is no
guarantee that the child will be able to use his
or her own stem cells should the need arise.
No guaranteed match
Up to 40% of the 15,000 people who need a
stem cell transplant every year cannot find a
match.3 This number is even worse for
minorities, who have an even lower chance of
finding a cord blood match.
Page 41
The Facts about Cord Blood
The Majority of Collected
Cord Blood is Thrown Away7
Public banks test the blood extensively to ensure
that it meets the requirements necessary for
transplant, such as regulatory and volume
requirements.
Because of this, public banks will throw away
between 70 and 80 percent of the collected
samples.
The cost of storing these stem cells also
contributes to the high discard rate.
However
This is not entirely bad since the stem cells are
being held to transplant standards, which are
more strict than in a private bank.
Page 42
The Facts about Cord Blood
No Cord Tissue (Mesenchymal
Stem Cell) storage
The medical community has realized the potential
of a second type of stem cell found within the
umbilical cord.
These adult stem cells, or Mesenchymal Stem
Cells, are found in the cord tissue and can build
different cell types than cord blood.
CorCell™ offers cord tissue stem cell storage
alongside cord blood for expecting families.
Learn more about Cord Tissue stem cells here
Page 43
CHAPTER 6:
Cord Blood Myths
The Facts about Cord Blood
Myth 1: Stem cells have no
practical use today.
Fact: As established from
evidence, stem cells
derived from cord blood
have been used since 1988
to successfully treat
patients with often
incurable diseases.
Page 45
Myth 2: Cord blood collection
and delayed cord blood
clamping do not go together.
Fact: It is possible to collect
cord blood in such situations.
CorCell does not recommend
any healthcare provider
change their birthing practices.
Page 46
The Facts about Cord Blood
Myth 3: Our family does not
have a history of illness and
won’t need cord blood
Fact: Over 1 million people
have been treated using
hematopoietic stem cells.
Experimental treatments in the
regenerative fields are
compelling reasons for storing
your baby’s cord blood.
Page 47
The Facts about Cord Blood
Myth 4: Banking cord blood
privately can be up to $15,000
Fact:
Banking umbilical cord blood ranges
from $1,000 to $2,000 for processing depending
on the bank and averages $125 dollars per year.
This price continues to fall as cord blood banking
becomes more mainstream.
CorCell™ not only has the best pricing, but we
believe that banking should be affordable for
every family, which is why we offer Flexible
Payment Plans Based on Your Budget.
Page 48
The Facts about Cord Blood
Did we miss something?
Please feel free to call us at
888.882.2673 if you have
any questions about cord
blood and/or cord tissue
banking.
Our trained team of cord
blood specialists is always
more than happy to assist!
Page 49
The Facts about Cord Blood
Save on Cord Blood
Banking with CorCell
Insurance Partners: You may be eligible for
preferred pricing depending on your insurance. Find
out more here.
Military: We recognize the service and sacrifices
military families make for our country and freedom.
Police and Firefighters: We regard the service and
sacrifices police and firefighters with high esteem.
Multiple Births: If you are expecting more than one
baby, we offer special pricing.
Page 54
Cord Blood
888.882.2673
If you’re interested in learning more
about how cord blood can protect your
family, call us at 888.882.2673.
Enroll
Like us on Facebook
Follow us on Twitter
Visit our website
Visit our blog
Know someone who
is expecting?
Share your knowledge of Cord
Blood and receive a referral
check from us!
Referral Rewards Program
*Referral must enroll in the CorCell program to receive discount
Page 56
REFERENCES
1. Gluckman E, Rocha V, Boyer-Chammard A, et al. Outcome of cordblood transplantation from related and unrelated donors. N Engl J
Med. 1997;337(6):373-381.
2. Harris DT. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 2007 Sep;7(9):1311-22.
3. Cord Blood Transplantation. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
Center.
http://www.fhcrc.org/en/treatment/treatment-research/cord-bloodtransplantation.html
4. Autologous Cord Blood Stem Cells for Autism. Sutter Health
Neuroscience. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01638819
5. Head or Brain Injury. Boston’s Children’s Hospital.
http://www.childrenshospital.org/health-topics/conditions/head-or-braininjury
6. Mother’s Immune System Might Play Role in Certain Cases of
Autism. MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of
Medicine.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_138532.html
7. Why is Cord Blood Banking so Expensive? Parents guide cord blood.
http://parentsguidecordblood.org/newsletter_archive/newsletters_201209.php#cord_banking_cost
8. New Postpartum Trend: Mailing in Your Cord Blood. Time Magazine.
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2004122,00.html
Thank You for Reading