Current GIS Development at JPBD : Toward Future

Current GIS Development at JPBD :
Toward Future Information and Knowledge Sharing
Abbas b. Abdul Wahab
Director
with assistance from Kho Ngee Liang & Suraya Hj Dahlan
Information Technology Division
Federal Department of Town and Country Planning
2004
Current GIS Development at JPBD :
Toward Future Information and Knowledge Sharing
PART 1
Historical Development of GIS at JPBD
Evolution
From Data Sharing to Information/Knowledge Sharing
PART 2
Current Development of GIS at JPBD
JPBD Dataware, TownplanGD, Internet Mapping System for Local Plan
Online Metadata Catalog
PART 3
Usage of GIS in Town Planning
Plan preparation
Development Control
PART 1
Historical Development of GIS at JPBD
EVOLUTION OF GIS AT JPBD
2nd half of 1990s
Mapping limited to supporting staffs
Limited interest/knowledge by
professional staffs/management
Seminar/workshop/road show to
project staffs
Piecemeal acquisition and
Familiarization of MapInfo
1st half of 2000s
GSARD program
JPBD Dataware
TownplanGD
GIS Database by Project Offices
Executive Information System for
Development plans
2003
Internet
Mapping for
Local Plans
2004
Catalog
Metadata
2001
1999
GIS as component in
GIS Implementation
Local Plan
Guideline
Preparation Manual
GIS Database
2000
Structure
GIS in RFN
1997
preparation
Information System
Planning
GIS Modules
introduced
We begun at 1993
Putrajaya Planning (Mapinfo 1.0)
LP Parit Buntar & Bagan Serai
LA Development Control (SMaRT)
– Majlis Daerah Kerian, Perak
60s
Raster Desktop GIS
1996
University
Commonwealth
planning
Acquired
Arc/Info
80s
Vector Desktop GIS
Source: Mohd Ali Abu Bakar, 2004
DATA vs. INFORMATON vs KNOWLEDGE SHARING
DATA VS. INFORMATION VS. KNOWLEDGE SHARING
Data Sharing
……an online data warehouse is for archiving, accessing and downloading
both GIS databases and / or remotely sensed imagery…… data clearinghouse
can help users to search and index the contents of metadata and then access
the actual data through the description of metadata. Clearinghouses may access
dataset or inventory detail.
Source: Ming-Hsiang Tsou 2004
At JPBD – JPBD Dataware
Information Sharing
……Multiple interactive map servers and mobile navigation services are the
typical application. Web-based mapping functions include the display, zoomin/ out query of spatial information. The major requirement of information
sharing services is to provide effective web-based display mechanisms and
client / server communication protocols. (Tsou, 2004).
At JPBD – Internet Mapping for Local Plans
DATA vs. INFORMATON vs KNOWLEDGE SHARING
A GIS is much more than a database…….
GIS system are inherently distributed. Users rely on one another for
information sharing and use. Distributed GIS is much more than
distributing GIS databases and dataset copies. It will also be about
distributed collaboration on all GIS tasks. In addition to GIS publishing
and data sharing, users will leverage the Internet to compile, apply,
and manage geographic knowledge.
-ESRI 2004
“GIS is evolving from a database approach to a
knowledge approach.”
-ESRI President Jack Dangermond, July 2003.
DATA vs. INFORMATON vs KNOWLEDGE SHARING
Knowledge Sharing
……the goal is to provide on-line GIS modeling and spatial analysis
functions without running GIS engines or software packages locally.
Some Internet GIS applications utilize Java language or other distributed
component technologies, (like. NET or web services) to develop on-line
GIS functions.
Source: Ming-Hsiang Tsou 2004
Latest JPBD GIS Development
FROM
1st Generation Spatial Data
Infrastructure
Conventional GIS
Desktop GIS
Data/Info sharing
2nd Generation
TO Spatial Data
Infrastructure
Internet GIS
Server GIS
Knowledge Sharing
CURRENT STAGE OF GIS DEVELOPMENT AT JPBD
Advanced
Federated GIS
Distributed,
enterprise GIS
GIS portals for
Web delivery
GIS Web
publishing
Map
publishing
Simple
Data Sharing
and FTP
download
We are here finalizing our
online Metadata Catalog and
expanding the scope of our
internet mapping system
Adapted from ArcGIS 9 User Manual, 2004
ELEMENTS OF GIS DEVELOPMENT AT JPBD
Desktop GIS
ArcView
MapInfo
ILWIS
GIS Extensions
Web Browser
Internet Mapping
System
Network
Sharing landuse data on
128 Local Plans
(to be extended to cover all
the other plans in JPBD)
Map Extreme
Data Servers
JPBD Dataware
Geospatial
Database
Over 1000 Layers of Data
for all plans developed by JPBD
TownplanGD
Selected data to ease the plan
preparation
JPBD’S GIS NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
JPBD
Perlis
JPBD
Kedah
JPBD
Kelantan
Unit Ran.
Pembangunan
Kelantan
Pej.Projek
Alor Star
Bhg.
Keurusetiaan, Penyelerasan
& Perancangan Korporat
JPBD
P. Pinang
Bhg.
Pembangunan
& Penyelidikan
JPBD
Perak
JPBD
Selangor
Pej.Projek
Melaka
JPBD
N.Sembilan
Bhg.
Khidmat Perancang
Bhg.
Tek. Maklumat
Bhg.
Perundangan
Perancangan &
KawalSelia
Unit Ran.Tempatan
Johor
JPBD
Melaka
Pej.Projek
Kuala Terengganu
Unit Ran.
Pembangunan
Pahang
Bhg.
Ran. Fizikal Negara
Bhg.
Ran. Wilayah
Pej.Projek
Kuala Lumpur
JPBD
Terengganu
JPBD
Johor
JPBD
Pahang
LAN access to JPBD Dataware
Developing GIS Database at Project
Office
Developing GIS Database for specific
projects
Developing GIS Database for
Development Control
PART 2
Current Development of GIS at JPBD
DATA WAREHOUSING MODEL AT JPBD
Data Sources
Operational
Data
Historical
Data
External
Data
In progress into constant
interval acquisition to cater
the need of plan preparation
and development control
Transformation/
Integration
Meta Data Sharing
(Web Base)
Data Sharing [LAN – HQ
(fulldata download)]
Information Sharing
(IMS for Local Plan)
Knowledge Workers!!!
JPBD Dataware
JUPEM/UPEN
Base Map
RFN
RSN
Other Plans
Source from external parties
Satellite
Images
RTD
RKK
TownplanGD
Other
external data
* All categorized into operational
and historical data
We are in the process of integrating the GIS database to facilitate and
expedite the preparation for RFN (national level), RSN (state level) and
RTD (district level)
OPERATIONAL DATA
Data Geospatial
Custodian
Copy with BTM
National Physical Plan
NPP Div.
Not Yet
State Structure Plan
State Offices
Not Yet
District Local Plan
State Offices
Not Yet
Local Growth Centre
Project Office
Yes
Special Area Plan
Project Offices
Not Yet
Regional Plan
Regional Plan Div.
Not Yet
Villages Redevelopment
Project Office
Yes
TownplanGD
IT Div.
Yes
OPERATIONAL DATA – Index of Development Plans
(State Structure Plans & District Local Plans)
Development Status Of State Structure Plans
Development Status Of District Local Plans
JPBD DATA MODEL
TownplanGD
Geospatial
Category
Data Available
Environment
Lithology, Soil Classes, Contour,
River Network, Wild Life Distribution,
Forest Distribution, Mineral
Distribution, Wetland Distribution,
Spotheight, Major Lakes
Economy
Specific industrial area, Institute of
Higher Education, Distribution,
Tourism Spot and Zone, Industrial
Zone Distribution,
Land
Information
Land lots by Local Plans under RM7
Transportation Railway, Road Network, Expressway
Network, Air Port, Sea Port,
TowplanGD is part
of JPBD Dataware
to store all essential
data, by
aggregating
geopspatial from
different
district/state, cover
whole Peninsular
Malaysia to assist
the relevant plan
preparation
process.
TownplanGD - continue
Geospatial Category
Data Layer
Administration
JPBD’s Branches, IADP Project Area, Census
Boundary 1991, District Boundary, Boundary of
Regional Development Board, Territorial
Boundary, State Boundary, Local Authority
Boundary
Demography
Demography Statistic
Physical Planning
Town, Landuse, Distribution of RT under RM7,
Zoning under Structure Plan under RM7
Base Map
Index of Standard Sheet, Index of Digital Topo
Map, Index of Satellite Image, Index of JUPEM’s
Map, Cassini Datum’s Spot,
Utility
Electricity Supply Network, Gas Supply Network,
Fibreoptic Infrastructure, Power Station, Waste
Disposal Side
TownplanGD - continue
* Without Scale
HISTORICAL DATA
All development
plan before RM8
only covered Local
Authority area.
Data on existing
and committed
landuse based on
Local Plan studies
before RM8 is
accessible by
public through IMS.
Example:
DRT Simpang Renggam
Landuse Year 2000
EXTERNAL DATA
JUPEM
TOPO MAP
MACRES
MACRES
SATELLITE IMAGE
OTHERS
Type of Remote Sensing
Satellite Data
Scene
1
IKONOS
8
2
LANDSAT
16
3
QUICKBIRD
7
4
SPOT
59
Total
90
Other external data (GIS) sources are Department of Forestry, Education, Public Works and
Department of Irrigation and Drainage. ( all in TownplanGD Database)
IMS FOR LOCAL PLAN
JPBD Internet Mapping System (IMS)
Based on information sharing, JPBD IMS
provide web based landuse mapping on
Local Plan. JPBD IMS start operating since
Oktober 2003. It’s functions include layer
control, metadata, search, zoom-in/out, pan,
scale, print and help button.
JPBD IMS can be access through
www.townplan.gov.my or
http://ims.townplan.gov.my/townplan/XML/JP
BD.html
PART 3
Usages of GIS in Town Planning
Core Businesses of JPBD
PLAN PREPARATION
DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
Core Business
Responsibility
Provision under A172
National Physical Plan
HQ
Part 2 s6B(1)-(6)
State Structure Plan
HQ
Part 3 s7 to s11
District Local Plan
HQ
Part 3 s12 to s16
Special Area Plan
HQ
Part 3 s16B
DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
State Offices
Part 4
PLAN PREPARATION
PLAN PREPARATION
National Physical
Plan
State Structure Plan
District Local Plan
Special Area Plan
 Discussion with State Authority
 Approve by National Physical Planning Council
 Prepare by Director General of Town and Country
Planning
 Approve by State Planning Committee
 Agree by State Authority
 Prepare by State Director of Town and Country
Planning
Approve by State Planning Committee
Agree by State Authority
Prepare by Local Planning Authority
State JPBD
acts as
secretariat to
National
Physical
Planning
Council and
State Planning
Committee
State JPBD acts as Local
Planning Authority for area
outside the territory of
Local Authority
 Approve by State Planning Committee
 Agree by State Authority
 Prepare by State Director of Town and Country Planning or Local
Planning Authority
Usage of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
& GIS in Town Planning
Acquisition &
Data Input
Database
Management
Criteria
Analysis
Manipulation &
Data Analysis
Output
ENVIRONMENT
Digital Data
ECONOMY
LAND INFO
DEMOGRAPHY
Satellite Data
TRANSPORTATI
ON
ADMINISTRATIO
N
PHYSICAL
PALNNING
Statistical Data
BASE MAP
SOSIAL
Composite Plan
UTILITY
Others
GIS APPLICATION
GIS APPLICATION
Usage of MCDM & GIS in National Physical Plan Preparation
LAND SUITABILITY ANALYSIS
The analysis on land suitable for development has been generated using MCDM (Expert Choice 2000) and
GIS. It’s a process of matching land demand by state with the land supply based on the output of MCDM
process that translated into GIS
Stage 1
Set an ultimate goal
Stage 2
Set an objectives
Stage 3
Identify criteria/indicator/attributes for each
objective that can be translated into land form
MCDM
(Expert Choice 2000)
Stage 4
Group similar criteria into groups of hierarchy
Stage 5
Perform pair wise comparison for each pair of criteria
each group
Stage 6
Transferred score generated from MCDM to GIS and
prepare criterion on map
Stage 7
Perform Land Suitability Analysis
GIS
ROLES OF GIS IN DEVELOPMENT PLAN PREPARATION
PLAN PREPARATION PROCESS
When GIS is used
PROJECT SUMMARY
RESEARCH AREA COVERAGE
TERM OF REFERENCE
TOR – Digital Base map
Preparation
PRELIMINARY REPORT
Research Methodology &
Scope & data volume
Digital Base map
Preparation
Data Collection
Spatial Data Input
Data Analysis &
Technical Document
Data Processing & Analysis
Supporting Graphical Plan
Data Presentation
Data Storage for Future
Application
Proposed Plan
WRITTEN STATEMENT
Development Guideline
and Planning Standard
‘Customized Application’
(‘Executive Information
Systems’)
Source: Local Plan Preparation Manual, 2002
ROLES OF GIS IN DEVELOPMENT PLAN PREPARATION
Example of Local Plan Sectorial Analysis Using GIS
Data / Information
Analysis
Output
Study area’s development
policies and strategies
SWOT Analysis
Development trust
Issue, problem and
development potential
Demography – population
distribution, household
size/structure, birth rate,
mortality rate, migration
Population / household
growth, factors
influencing growth rate
Population/household
distribution, distribution and
density of population
Social-economic profile
Workforce: population,
household income,
poverty level and
human resource growth
trend
Workforce projection,
household income
projection, issue, problem
and growth potential of
human resource
Topography, geology, soil
profile, hydrology
Analysis of area
suitable and available
for development
Data on area suitable for
various types of
developments
Source: Local Plan Preparation Manual, 2002
Role of GIS in Development Control
Common Issues in Extending The GIS Usage
 High Cost – Software acquisition and maintenance
 Conversion time - Unbias use of difference software brands by
consultant in different plans preparation requires much conversion
at BTM, JPBDHQ
 Inefficiency & ineffectiveness - Piecemeal acquisition of data
 Lack of GIS expertise - level of specialization still relatively low,
level of interest in GIS still low
 GIS Analysis in plan preparations being done by consultants
 Difficulties in data sharing with other technical agencies
Based on JPBD’s department-wide Survey, Oct 2004
Suggestions to Tackle The Issues
 To establish GIS unit at each project/state office
 To assign competent staff to GIS unit and provide them continual
learning opportunity
 To establish GIS Training and R&D Centre, planned training for staff
and develop GIS modules to support the department’s core
business
 To integrate the department core business (plan preparation and
development) with GIS
 To improve the data sharing mechanism, JPBD HQ vs. State
Offices vs. Local Planning Authorities
 JPBD HQ to play more a proactive role in encouraging the use of
GIS in town planning activities among top management
 To accelerate the use and development of Internet GIS
Based on JPBD’s department-wide Survey, Oct 2004
CONCLUSION
GIS is the tool for town planner in IT world but
because it is so malleable and sophisticated, the
learning curve is quite steep and the use of GID
in town planning cannot be fully exploited without
customizing the off the shelve GIS by
incorporating expert system to it.
Thank You