Searchable Press Cuttings Part 2 (PDF Format, Size 17.2MB)

80
x
o n t h e C o n t i n e n t , t h e v e r y people w h o could
m o s t e a s i l y a n d e f f e c t i v e l y h a v e h e l p e d us
U n a b l e t o telegraph o r telephone
and
c o m p e l l e d t o use t h e p o s t w i t h t h e ' m o s t
e x t r e m e discretion, i t was after prolonged
negotiations t h a t we came i n t o t o u c h
w i t h a l o t o f 11 ,m M a u s e r R i f l e s , s a m p l e s
of w h i c h w e got despatched t o L o n d o n
where I inspected t h e m a n d found t h e m
satisfactory.
O u r resources w e r e .still i
sufficient t o p a y f o r a n y q u a n t i t y , a n d i t
was o n l y b y an i n d i v i d u a l guaranteeing
t h e cost o f a c a r g o t h a t w e g o t t h e w o r k o f
arranging for a shipment under w a v
began b y h i r i n g t h e Small Concert R o o m .
As t h e public interest grew t h e y decided
t h a t i t w a s wise t o secure a n o p t i o n o n t h e
L a i g e C o n c e r t R o o m ; a n d as t h e d a y o f
t h e meeting approached they found that
t h e y w o u l d n e e d s t i l l m o r e space, an,d t o o k
the Rir,k i n addition. As it turned out,the
c r o w d n o t o n l y filled t h e R i n k a n d t h e
R o o m b u t overflowed into t h e grounds,
where a m e e t i n g of several t h o u s a n d people
was also h e l d .
ra
n
T h e C o m m i t t e e appealed t o t h e m a i i h o c d of I r e l a n d t o enrol a n d a r m t h e m ­
selves i n o r d e r t o secure a n d m a i n t a i n
t h e r i g h t s a n d liberties o f t h e I r i s h people.
T h e m a n h o o d of I r e l a n d responded t o t h e
call, a n d enrolling i n thousands, proceeded
t o a r m themselves.
W I T H I N A W E E K the British Government,
w h i c h h e l d office b y v r t u e o f t h e I r i s h
P a r t y ' s v o t e , issued a P r o c l a m a t i o n p r o ­
h i b i t i n g t h e i m p o r t a t i o n of arms into Ire­
land.
T h e first b l o w h a d b e e n s t r u c k a t
the Irish Volunteers j a n d i t could n o t
h a v e been s t r u c k w i t h o u t c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h ,
and T H E C O N S E N T O F Mr. Redmond.
1
B u t , t h t r . k s t o t h e spirit of t h e m e n of
Dublin, the Volunteers survived t h e blow.
W e assured o u r m e n t h a t , P r o c l a m a t i o n
er no Proclamation, we w o u l d procure
arms for t h e m : a n d t h e m e n accepted o u r
assurance. F o r m o n t h s we d r i l l e d o u r re­
c r u i t s i n halls shadowed b y those broadshouldered a n d dignified gentlemen of
l e i s u r e w h o m D u b l i n C a s t l e dresses i n
p l a i n c l o t h e s a n d a p p a r e n t l y e x p e c t s us
n o t t o r e c o g n i s e as p o l i c e m e n . F o r m o n t h s
w e p r e a c h e d t h e d o c t r i n e o f I r i s h selfreliance i n t h p teeth of t h e open h o s t i l i t y
of t h e p r o f e s s i o n a l p o l i t i c i a n s , t h e i r o r g a n s ,
their organisations, a n d their supporters.
M e n w h o ware elected b y I r i s h voters t o
free t h e i r c o u n t r y f r o m B r i t i s h d o m i n a t i o n . ,
and w h o are p a i d b y t h e B r i t i s h Govern­
m e n t £400 a y e a r t o s t i m u l a t e t h e i r e n t h u s siasm, p u b l i c l y denounced V o l u n t e e r i n g
as a m u d d l e % e a d e d p o l i c y w h i c h t h e i r
supporters rhould avoid. Orthodox Hiber­
nian * a n d U n i t e d I r i s h Leaguers were e x ­
p e c t e d t o leave t h e n e w m o v e m e n t severely
alone.
T h e Press, a l t h o u g h t h e n i n t h e
hands of its original proprietors, boycotted
t h e I r i s h V o l u n t e e r s n e a r l y as c o m p l e t e l y
as i t does n o w u n d e r i t s n e w m a n a g e m e n t .
As the " Irish T i m e s " remarked, t h e
Volunteer Movement had, at a n y rate,
" n o Press."
T h e coercion of I r e l a n d
under the A r m s Proclamation provoked no |
protest from t h e stalwarts at Westminster.
T h e machine was w o r k i n g smoothly i n the i
effort t o stifle t h e m o v e m e n t .
4
1
I t was w h i l e w e were busy w i t h t h i s ' w o r k
t h a t we learnt of a new development
We
discovered t h a t t h e H i b e r n i a n s h a d re­
c e i v e d secret i n s t r u c t i o n s t o f o r m t h e m
selves V o l u n t e e r C o m p a n i e s , t o a f f i l i a t e
w i t h H e a d q u a r t e r s , t o secure c o n t r o l o f
the movement i n their districts, and i n
f a c t , t o t a k e t h e v e r y steps t h a t w o u l d
enable t h e m t o c o n t r o l t h e c o m i n g Con­
vention, a n d t o swamp t h e original Volun­
t e e r s . T h a t t h i s w a s n o t b o n a fide r e c r u i t ­
i n g became apparent when t h e t w o Johns
a n d J o e , as t h e y a r e p l a y f u l l y c a l l e d b y !
a n affectionate electorate, p u b l i c l y an­
n o u n c e d t h a t t h e y h a d been c o n v e r t e d t o
t h e V o l u n t e e r idea, a n d secretly requested
t h a t t h e y s h o u l d be g i v e n c o n t r o l o f t h e
movement.
A l l t h e insidious influences k n o w n t o
the
p o l i t i c i a n ' s art. w e r e i m m e d i a t e l y
b r o u g h t i n t o p l a y i n s i d e as w e l l as o u t s i d e
of t h e C o m m i t t e e . T h e p r i m r o s e p a t h t o
place, power a n d profit was t e m p t i n g l y
d i s p l a y e d t o E o i n M a c N e i l l a n d h i s asso­
ciates, b u t i t w a s i n v a i n , a n d t h e request
t o h a n d over t h e Volunteers, wrapped in
b r o w n p a p e r a n d t i e d w i t h a s t r i n g as i t
were, t o t h e mercies of t h e m e n w h o h a d
t i l l t h e n been engaged i n a n effort t o
strangle t h e m , was gracefully a n d politely
declined.
T h e a t t e m p t t o capture t h e Volunteers
b y stealth h a d failed.
T h e n came t h e last a n d most b r i l l i a n t
coup, t h e master coup, t o w i t , M r . Red^ mond's public announcement
that the
• Provisional C o m m i t t e e was r o t sufficiently
representative, a n d t h a t h e should be a l ­
lowed t o nominate twenty-five additional
m e n t o m a k e i t so. T h e r e p l y w a s a n offer
b y t h e C o m m i t t e e t o have a n e w representa­
t i v e elected b y each of t h e t h i r t y - t w o
counties i n I r e l a n d , a n d M r . Redmond's
answer was a candid a n d undisguised
t h r e a t t h a t i f his P a r t y were n o t p e r m i t t e d
; t o nominate twenty-five R E P R E S E N T A T I V E
M E N
A n d still t h e Volunteers grew.
They I
g r e w i n n u m b e r s , i n s t r e n g t h a n d i n selfc o n f i d e n c e t i l l i t b e c a m e n o l o n g e r safe
for t h e i r enemies t o d i s p l a y t h e i r h o s t i l i t y
openly ;
and a
more subtle
course
h a d t o b e a d o p t e d t o d e s t r o y as p r o m i s i n g i
an organisation
ever strove for Ireland's j
freedom.
A l l t h i s t i m e w e h a d been b u s i l y w o r k i n g [
t o s u r m o u n t t h e greatest o f o u r problems, ,
t h e p r o b l e m of securing arms. W i t h t h e |
ports
closed,
m o n e y scarce, a n d t h e
G o v e r n m e n t , t h e P a r t y , a n d t h e Press
a l i k e opposed t o us, i t w a s n ' t easy. O u - i ously e n o u g h o u r u t m o s t efforts failed t o
s e c u r e a n y a s s i s t a n c e f r o m t h e IrjgjhjaeQnh?
F R O M
D I F F E R E N T
P A R T S
O F
T
H
E
C O U N T R Y
he w o u l d proceed
forthwith,
b y establishing a r i v a l a u t h o r i t y , t o dis­
rupt the movement.
N o w as t h e p u b l i c
were a t this t i m e keenly interested i n t h e
fate of t h e H o m e R u l e B i l l , w h i c h h a d n o t
y e t been s h e l v e d , i t w a s q u i t e p o s s i b l e
t h a t M r . R e d m o n d could have done this,
a n d since h i s p u r p o s e
palpably, then
as n o w , t o e m a s c u l a t e t h e m o v e m e n t , i t
w a s c e r t a i n t h a t h e w o u l d h a v e d o n e so.
w
a
s
A m a t t e r t h a t c o u l d n o t be understood
at t h e t i m e , b u t w h i c h must be remembered
i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h e crisis t h a t resulted,
was t h a t t h e P r o v i s i o n a l C o m m i t t e e h a d
o n t h e h i g h seas a t t h a t v e r y p e r i o d thgur
j secret s h i p m e n t s o f a r m s ; a n d w e r e a l I r e a d y a r r a n g i n g t h o s e e l a b o r a t e schemes
for l a n d i n g t h e m w h i c h afterwards m a t e r i a l ­
ised a t H o w t h a n d K i l c o o l .
They knew I
t h a t a n y d i v i s i o n i n t h e i r forces s u c h as
would certainly result from t h e disrupiton
threatened b y M r . Redmond would i n ­
e v i t a b l y lead t o t h e miscarriage of their
p l a n s a n d t h e p r o b a b l e loss o f t h e i r a r m s .
Realising t h e superlative importance of
safeguarding t h e guns, a n d confronted
w i t h t h e alternatives of either m a k i n g
terms w i t h M r . R e d m o n d or of s p l i t t i n g
t h e V o l u n t e e r s , p r o b a b l y l o s i n g t h e i r arm-;,
and certainly furnishing M r . Redmond
w i t h s o m e t h i n g t h a t h e s o r e l y needed,,
n a m e l y , a n excuse f o r l o s i n g H o m e R u l e ,
t h e y agreed t o p e r m i t his nominees t o sit
on the Committee without,
however,
c o - o p t i n g t h e m as m e m b e r s t h e r e o f .
T h e nominations were published, and
t h e l i s t w a s i n i t s e l f a n a b s o l u t e b r e a c h of
faith w i t h the Committee and w i t h tho
p u b l i c . I t w a s n o t a list o f " r e p r e s e n t a ­
t i v e m e n f r o m d i f f e r e n t p a r t s o f t h e coun­
t r y , " as h a d been
publicly
promistd.
Etevep of t h e nominees were f r o m D u b l i n
' C i t y , t h e over-representation of which
c i t y o n t h e Original C o m m i t t e e M r . Red­
m o n d a l l e g e d as a r e a s o n f o r i n t e r f e r i r g
with it.
Most o f t h e m were n o t ' representative
m e n " i n a n y sense, o r r a t n e r t h e y repre­
s e n t e d fields of a c t i v i t y w h i c h well-wishers
of t h e V o l u n t e e r s w o u l d prefer n o t t o be
represented.
N o t a srr.^ie m i l i t a r y m a n
Secured t h e P a r t y ' s n o m i n a t i o n t o t h e
V o h u V e e r C o m m i t t e e , b u t several e m i n e n t
Ecclesiastics were a p p o i n t e d , prestunalily
t o represent t h e Church m i l i t a n t .
How­
e v e r , t h e n o m i n e e s t o o k t h e i r seats, a n d
we p a t i e n t l y awaited developments.
N o w I should dislike t o malign the
N o m i n e e s , b u t i f t h e o b j e c t o f t h e great
m a j o r i t y o f t h e m w a s n o t t o keep t h e
V o l u n t e e r s u n a r m e d t h e n t h e y were t h e
v i c t i m s of a chain of circumstances a n d
coincidences t h a t was, shall I say, most
unfortunate.
\ V r were given t o u n d e r s t a n d , for i n ­
stance, t h a t M r . R e d m o n d a t t h i s t i m e h a d
also o n t h e seas a c a r g o o f m a g n i f i c e n t
rifles d e s t i n e d f o r t h e V o l u n t e e r s , a n d never
w a s t h e r e keener i n t e r e s t i n a r e g a t t a t h a n
w e h a d as t o w h e t h e r M r . R e d m o n d ' s
steamer o r o u r " W h i t e Y a c h t " of H o w t h
f a m e w o u l d first r e a c h t h e shores o f I r e ­
l a n d . M r . R e d m o n d ' s b o a t , I a m t o l d , was
called " L ' A v e n i r , " w h i c h means i n French
• T h e F u t u r e , " a n d i t w a s a singularlya p p r o p r i a t e t i t l e , because she n e v e i came.
H a v i n g left A n t w e r p a n d c o m e w i t h i n
s i g h t o f t h e I r i s h coast, she, f o r some
m y s t e r i o u s reason, w h i c h w e w o r e n o t a l ­
l o w e d t o learn, changed her m i n d about
the Volunteers and returned t o Belgium.
A p r o p o s o f B e l g i u m , of whose f r i e n d s h i p
, a n d services t o I r e l a n d w e h a v e r e c e n t l y
h e a r d so m u c h , i t is w o r t h w h i l e r e c o r d i n g
t h e o n l y experience t h a t t h e I r i s h V o l u n ­
t e e r s h a d o f h e r f r i e n d s h i p a n d services.
I m m e d i a t e l y after M r . R e d m o n d ' s steamer
h a d , w i t h e l a b o r a t e secrecy, left t h e B e l g i a n
coast, t h e B r i t i s h G o v e r n m e n t w a s i n ­
formed B Y A L E T T E R F R O M A B E L G I A N
C U S T O M S
O F F I C I A L
t h a t her manifest a n d
h e r a l l e g e d d e s t i n a t i o n w e r e false, a n d
t h a t her contents were really arms " foi
the I r i s h insurgents.^
The enlarged C o m m i t t e e , however, was
not
concerning itself u n d u l y w i t h
the
contraband arms traffic.
I t had other
activities which kept i t fully occupied.
It appointed a Standing Committee w i t h
a s o l i d r e a c t i o n a r y m a j o r i t y ; i t passed a
delicious r e s o l u t i o n d e m a n d i n g t h a t a l l
rifles a l r e a d y secured b y t h e V o l u n t e e r s
of
Mimster, Leinster
and
Connaught
s h o u l d be " l o a n e d " t o safe m e n i n U l s t e r ,
a n d i t g r a v e l y w e n t t h r o u g h t h e f o r m of
requesting M r . R e d m o n d t o h a n d over the
Volunteer funds t h a t h a d reached
him,
a request w h i c h M r . R e d m o n d , w i t h be­
coming dignity, ignored.
Things were
comparatively quiet at Headquarters, a n d
there b e i n g n e i t h e r a n y q u a n t i t y o f a r m s
available nor a n y apparent prospect of
t h e m , i t l o o k e d as i f t h e w o r k of t u r n i n g
the embryo a r m y i n t o a political machine
c o u l d be a c c o m p l i s h e d w i t h o u t a h i t c h .
But w h e n on J u l y 26th the W h i t e Yacht,
h a r b i n g e r of L i b e r t y , s u d d e n l y a p p e a r e d
out of n o w h e r e , a n d , o n t h e s t r o k e of t h e
appointed hour, landed her precious freight
at H o w t h , h i s t o r y was i n t h e m a k i n g .
T w e n t y m i n u t e s sufficed t o d i s c h a r g e
her c a r g o ; as m a n y m o t o r cars f l e w w i t h
the a m m u n i t i o n t o prearranged caches;
a n d f o r t h e first t i m e i n a c e n t u r y one
thousand I r i s h m e n w i t h guns o n t h e i r
shoulders marched o n D u b l i n t o w n !
The asinine interference of t h e garrison,
the b a y o n e t t i n g at Clontarf a n d t h e mas­
sacre o f w o m e n a n d c h i l d r e n a t B a c h e l o r ' s
W a l k t h a t followed are incidents w h i c h
81
N o u n b i a s e d m e m b e r of t h e C o m m i t t e e
has a n y d o u b t t h a t i t was also t h e d e l i b e r ­
a t e i n t e n t i o n of a t least a s e c t i o n of t h e
Nominees, b y a studied a n d w e l l sustained
p o l i c y , t o force t h e r e s i g n a t i o n of M a c
N e i l l a n d other members of t h e Original
C o m m i t t e e . A s i t is n a t u r a l t o assume t h a t
t h e p o l i c y of M r . R e d m o n d ' s N o m i n e e s
was t h e p o l i c y of M r . R e d m o n d , i t is i n ­
teresting t o note t h a t nothing which
m i g h t h a v e l e d t o t h e d i s r u p t i o n of t h e
C o m m i t t e e a t t h i s p e r i o d was neglected.
I n s t a n c e s i n a b u n d a n c e m i g h t be c i t e d t o
p r o v e t h i s . T h e a t t a c k s , t h e accusations,
a n d t h e insults b y which t h e Nominees
h o p e d t o p r o v o k e us t o r e s i g n are a l l o n
r e c o r d , b u t n o useful purpose w o u l d n o w
be served b y r e c o u n t i n g t h e m .
I n the
interests of I r i s h decency l e t us hope t h a t
t h e i r p u b l i c a t i o n w i l l never become ne­
cessary.
N
are f a m i l i a r t o a l l w h o s e m e m o r i e s a r e
n o t e x c l u s i v e l y o c c u p i e d w i t h t h e woes o f
Servia. A week l a t e r w e l a n d e d o u r second
cargo a t K i l c o o l * a n d i t w a s whin
we
had thus placed arms i n the hands of t h e
D u b l i n Volunteers t h a t the real a c t i v i t y
of t h e N o m i n e e s o n t h e C o m m i t t e e b e g a n .
T h e c r y was n o w , ' S e n d a l l t h e g u n s t o
Ulster," and this when analysed
was
found t o mean, ' ' D i v i d e a l l t h - guns
a m o n g t h e elite of t h e U l s t e r N o m i n e e s . "
F r o m this period t h e Nominees no.
longer m a i n t a i n e d even t h e pretence of
co-operation w i t h the Original C o m m i t t e e .
I n s u l t , abuse, a n d i n n u e n d o b e c a m e t h e
order of t h e day. Those w h o opposed t h e
s h i p m e n t of t h e rifles s e c u r e d b y t h e
D u b l i n m e n ' s efforts w e r e d e n o u n c e d i n
unmeasured terms. Those w h o suggested
t h a t t h e guns should go t o t h e m e n w h o
h a d paid i advance for t h e m were howl.,1
d o w n . U l s t e r h a d t o be d e f e n d e d f r o m t h e
Carson A r m y , t h o u g h , c u r i o u s l y e n o u g h ,
its defence was t o be c o n d u c t e d w i t h e m p t y
rifles.
n
1
J
I n d e e d , we m i g h t h a v e b e e n c o n v i n c e d
of t h e s m c e r i t y of t h i s U l s t e r f r e n z v h a d
tne Nominees i
t h e i r a n x i e t y n o t for­
gotten to demand from the Committee a
single r o u n d o f a m m u n i t i o n !
n
However, numbers t r i u m p h e d , the ma­
j o r i t y was s o l i d , a n d w i t h o u t s h a m e t h e y
solemnly voted that t h o guns s h o u l d n o t
go t o t h e m e n whose m o n e y h a d p a i d f o r
*****-but t h a t all t h e available weapons
*«uld
.. , „
.
I
^
b
e
s
o
d
a
t
2
s
p
certain, o f t h e U l s t e r N o m i n e e s .
W d l i t be b e l i e v e d t h a t f o r t h e s e " s a l e s "
Purchaser*" have not paid t o t h e ,
**m w h o i m p o r t e d t h e rifles o n e p e n n y o f
tiie pnce t o _ t h i s ^ a y ?
T h e o n l y r e d e e m i n g f e a t u r e i n t h e re­
collections of t h i s unpleasant p e r i o d is
t h a t t h e r e were f o u n d amongst t h e N o m i ­
nees t w o o r t h r e e m e n t o w h o m t h i s c a m ­
p a i g n of offensiveness d i d not appear t o
c o m m e n d itself.
Thus s t a t e of affairs h o w e v e r m e a n t , o f
cotirse, t h e t o t a l neglect of a l l c o n s t r u c t i v e
w o r k , i n c l u d i n g t h e a r m i n g of l i f t V o l u n ­
teers, w h i c h n o w was no longer d i f f i c u l t ,
since t h e p u b l i c h o r r o r a t t h e B a c h e l o r s '
W a l k assassinations h i d forced t h e B r i t i s h
Government to withdraw the Proclamation
a n d t o open the ports.
T h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s t h a t p r e v e n t e d us
from purchasing t this period t w e n t y I
t i m e s as m a n y rifles as w e d i d purchase j
were e i t h e r a seriee of a m a z i n g coincidences
,»r w< re a d e l i b e r a t e and dn u n n b l y e f f i c i e n t '
p l o t t o keep t h e m e n u n a r m e d .
a
W i t h o u t money we couldn't buy arms,
T h e i n t e r v e n t i o n of M r . R e d m o n d h a d
s t o p p e d t h e s u p p l y of m o n e y f r o m A m e r i c a ,
a n d of t h e m o n e y t h a t we h a d a l r e a d y g o t
f r o m A m e r i c a a large s t u n h a d been
secured b y one of M r . R e d m o n d ' s a d h e r e n t s
for w i n c h , b y t h e w a y , we h a v e never re­
c e i v e d e i t h e r a single g u n o r a n a c c o u n t
of i t s e x p e n d i t u r e .
Practically all the
m o n e y t h a t w e h a d e x p e c t e d t o get f r o m
t h e disposal of t h ? H o w t h a n d K i l c o o l
g u n s was, o w i n g t o t h e l i s t e r " g a l e s , "
w i t h h e l d from the Committee.
Of t h e
n u n e y t h a t was a v a i l a b l e f o r t h e a r m i n g
of t h e V o l u n t e e r s , b y s u b s c r i p t i o n M r .
R e d m o n d h a d p r i v a t e l y secured £6.000,
one of h i s colleagues £250, a n d so o n .
A s u b s c r i p t i o n of £603 t h a t h a d b e e n
personally promised t o me a n d t o Eoin
Mac N e i l l was c o l l e c t e d , u n k n o w n t o t h e
C o m m i t t e e , b y one of t h e N o m i n e e s a n d
sent t o M r . R e d m o n d , w h o p e r s i s t e n t l y
w i t h h e l d Volunteer Funds from the Com­
m i t t e e e v e n w h i l e his N o m i n e e s , i n c l u d i n g
his b r o t h e r a n d M r . D e v l i n , were s i t t i n g
upon that Committee.
T h e p e r s o n a l s u b s c r i p t i o n s of several o f
M r . R e d m o n d ' s s u p p o r t e r s w h i c h h a d been
p r o m i s e d p u b l i c l y i n t h e Press a n d o n t h e
P l a t f o r m v. re never p a i d t o us.
F i n a l l y , not a single p e n n y piece r e a c h e d
t h e Provisional Committee either from
a n y of t h e N o m i n e e s o r f r o m a n y of t h e
:v M e m b
received from the B r i t i s h Treasury during
t h e l i f e t i m e of t h e P r o v i s i o n a l C o m m i t t e e
t h e s u m of £32,000.
W a s t h i s a conieidence ?
T h e r e r e m a i n e d for u s — t h e m e n w h o
w a n t e d t h e V o l u n t e e r s e f f i c i e n t l y armea-—
o n l y t h e m o n t h l y a f f i l i a t i o n fees,and a few
o t h e r sums t h a t i t was impossible t o pre­
v e n t f r o m r e a c h i n g us.
T h i s source o f i n c o m e was t h e m o r e
p r e c a r i o u s as t h e J o i n t C o m m i t t e e was
d a i l y a u t h o r i s i n g expenditure w i t h an
enthusiasm t h a t wotUd make the Roths­
c h i l d s l c o k cheap.
T h e o r g a n i s a t i o n t h a t w e h a d success­
fully r u n from t w o rooms had now t o
o c c u p y t h r e o d i f f e r e n t office b u i l d i n g s .
R e n t h a d t o be p a i d t w e l v e m o n t h s i n
advance. I t h a d t o m a i n t a i n an expensive
I n s p e c t i o n Office, i n t o w h i c h t h e r e r u s h e d ,
w i t h u n s e e m l y haste, u n n u m e r a b l e M i l i t i a
Officers w l i o s e j u t c r e s t i n t h e cause o f I r i s h
N a t i o n a l i t y h a d n e t u n t i l t h e n been e v e n
suspected.
Is i t a n y wonder t h a t money t o b u y arms
was scarce ?
On t h e outbreak of t h e war M r . Red­
m o n d m a d e his f a m o u s d e c l a r a t i o n a b o u t
o u r d e f e n d i n g t h e shores of I r e l a n d i f t h e
P>rit ish t r o o p s w e r e w i t M r a w n . T a k e n i n
connection w i t h the proviso t h a t accom­
p a n i e d i t , t h e offer seemed r e a s o n a b l e
e n o u g h , n o n e o f us q u a r r e l l e d w i t h i t , a n d
t h e C o m m i t t e e endorsed i t .
I h a v e h e a r d , b y t h e w a y , o n t h e best
a u t h o r i t y t h a t the following curious i n ­
cident occ\irreo w h e n , at t h i s t i m e , t h e
m o b i l i s a t i o n of t h e B r i t i s h A r m y was
o r d e r e d . M a n y reservists a n d m i l i t i a m e n ,
principally in Belfast and D e r r y , decided
q u i t e s p o n t a n e o u s l y , t o risk, a c o u r t - m a r t i a l
a n d n o t t o j o i n t h e c o l o u r s u n t i l H o m e Hole
boenme a f a c t as w e l l as a n A c t . M Y . R e d ­
m o n d , b e a r i n g o f t h i s , i m m e d i a t e l y sent t o |
Belfast a n d D e r r y t h e Inspect or-General
a n d his assistant w i t h orders t o implore
these reservists t o j o i n t h e colours w i t h o u t
d e l a y , as t h e a c t i o n t h e y c o n t e m p l a t e d
w o u l d be f a t a l t o H o m e R u l e . T h e y o b e y e d
t h e i n s t r u c t i o r s , a n d are n o w m o s t l y i n
tlveir graves i n F l a n d e r s .
P o s t e r i t y can
docide w h e t h e r i t was t h e y o r t h e l e a d e r
of t h e I r i s h R a c e t h a t d i s p l a y e d m o s t
p o l i t i c a l a c u m e n i n t h e c r i s i s of 1014.
Soon a f t e r w a r d s M r . R e d m o n d a n n o u n c ­
e d t h e a r r i v a l of his I t a l i a n rifles, of w h i c h
*With regard to the Kilcool enterprise a
very inexplicable incident occurred which
•ome future historian may be able to unravel.
The original intention was to run one y a c h t
to Kilcool on the night of Satnrday, July 25th,
and the second to Howth on the following
dav. A t noon on Saturday, however, we in
Dublin got a code message that the Kilcool
yacht had split her mainsail in the Irish sea,
and that the repair would take several days,
thus necessitating a postponement.
Three
hours later, by the mc6t extraordinary accident,
1 learnt that an unknown lady had just sent a
message to Dublin Castle stating that a quan­
tity of arms for the Irish Volunteers had been
on that forenoon landed on the coast near
Dublin. The plot thickened still further when
we found that soldiers were on that game
Saturday being conveyed through the south of
the city in motor furniture vans. Do these
facts account for the amazing behaviour
of the Castle on the following day ?
1
82
lie h a d t h o u s a n d s r e a d y f o r "" d i s t r i b u t i o n
a n d he made the further remarkable state­
ment that the Government would provide
the remainder of the Volunteers w i t h nrms.
T h e I t a l i a n r i f l e s a r e , as f a r as w e c a n
ascertain, for N O T O N E O F T H E M W A S E V E R
A L L O W E D
T O
R E A C H
T H E
C O M M I T T E E ,
-
similar t o those w h i c h M r . B a n n e r m a n of
X t n v Y o r k sells r e t a i l f o r 1.48 d o l l s . , a n d t h e
" d i s t r i b u t i o n " of t h e m was
proceeded
w i t h , w i t h o u t either t h e knowledge or
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y of t h e C o m m i t t e e , at t h e
modest r a t e of one p o u n d s t e r l i n g per g u n .
N o t a single r o t m d of a m m u n i t i o n for t h e m
is a v a i l a b l e .
F o r the arms w h i c h M r . R e d m o n d said
t h e G o v e r n m e n t w o u l d p r o v i d e for us w e .
are s t i l l w a i t i n g .
I
B u t M r . Redmond's dual announcement ;
was n o t w i t h o u t i t s effect, for i t i m m e d i a ­
tely a r d definitely p u t an ond to all public
interest i n the A r m s F u n d .
T h i s m a y n o t , o f course, h a v e been i t s
intention, but T H I S I S W H A T I T D I D .
How­
ever, l e t us be c h a r i t a b l e a n d assume t h a t j
t h i s was o n l y another of t h e u n h a p p y j
coincidences.
Next
the
" War
Office
Proposals"
came before t h e C o m m i t t e e . T h e r e were
several of t h e m , a n d t h e y were c o m p l i c a t ­
e d ; b u t since t h e y Jnre n o w h a p p i l y d e a d
i t is n o t n e c e s s a r y t o d i s c u s s t h e m a t l e n g t h .
Suffice i t t h a t t h e y m e a n t p r a c t i c a l l y
h a n d i n g over t h e organisation, a r d t h e
m e n w h o h a d t r u s t e d us, t o t h e B r i t i s h
G o v e r n m e n t as a n n u x i l i a r y I m p e r i a l f o r c e .
N e a r l y a l l t h e original members opposed
them i n toto, and whatever M r . Redmond's
a t t i t u d e t o w a r d s t h e m m a y h a v e been,
v e r y few of his Nominees even spoke i n
their favour. Their warmest advocate on
t h e C o m m i t t e e , I t h i n k , was a g e n t l e m a n
w h o has since o b t a i n e d a
Government
appointment
with
a
salary
of
about
| £1,200 a year.
A s Treasurer of t h e Volunteers I was
considerably worried about
the lavish
j expenditure
o f j^lm.
4°"**' ; . C o m m i t t e e , '
I c o u p l e d as i t w a s w i t h t h e " s t o p p a g e o f .
subscriptions, a n d i n v i e w of t h e curious
r e l u c t a n c e of c e r t a i n nominees t o c o m p l y
w i t h m y request for a n audit of the books,
t h e possibility of a n i n t e n t i o n t o b a n k r u p t
a n d so d i s c r e d i t t h e O r g a n i s a t i o n s u g g e s t e d
itself.
Some of us d e t e r m i n e d , therefore, t o
s e c u r e a t o n c e a t least as m a n y r i f l e s as
w o u l d meet t h e claims of those Companies
w h o h a d sent m o n e y t o H e a d q u a r t e r s for
them.
T o g e t a u t h o r i t y t o d o so r e q u i r e d s o m e
finesse, b u t i t w a s a c c o m p l i s h e d i n t h i s w a y :
H a v i n g got t h e A r m s C o m m i t t e e together
for t h e purpose of a d o p t i n g a s t a n d a r d bore,
on© o r t w o o f us r e c o m m e n d e d . 3 0 3 , w h i c h
is t h e b o r e o f t h e B r i t i s h S e r v i c e R i f l e .
( B r i t i s h Service Rifles, i n consequence of
t h e w a r w e r e , t h e n as n o w , p r a c t i c a l l y
u n p r o c u r a b l e . ) .'203 b o r e w a s a d o p t e d , a n d
I t h e n e n q u i r e d of t h e C o m m i t t e e w h e t h e r
we were thereby authorised t o purchase
a n y a v a i l a b l e rifles t h a t w o u l d t a k e t h i s
cartridge, to which the Chairman, w i t h the
consent of t h e C o m m i t t e e , r e p l i e d t h a t w e
•re
A r m e d w i t h this a u t h o r i t y I went p r i - j
v a t e l y t o B i r m i n g h a m a n d purchased the I
e n t i r e o u t p u t o f a f i r m of g u n s m i t h s w h o !
made, specially for our order, a M a r t i n i E n f i e l d .."103. a v e r y s e r v i c e a b l e w e a p o n ,
which t h e y continued m a k i n g and supply­
i n g t o us u n t i l t h e F r i e n d l y G o v e r n m e n t
r a i d e d a n d c l o s e d t h e i r f a c t o r y last N o v e m ­
ber. W h e n I r e p o r t e d t h e B i r m i n g h a m t r i p
t o the C o m m i t t e e , those of the Nominees
w h o were present at b o t h meetings re­
p u d i a t e d m y a c t i o n , d e c l a r e d i t t o be en­
tirely unauthorised, A N D S O L E M N L Y E N ­
T E R E D
O N
A G A I N S T
T H E
M Y
fH£
M O N E Y
R T J Y
A R M S
M I N U T E S
H A V I N G
S E N T
T O
T H E I R
R O U G H T
T H E
P R O T E S T
A R M S
W I T H
C O M M I T T E E
T O
T h i s , a t a n y r a t e , is n o t
o f t h i n g t h a t h a p p e n s b y co­
W I T H .
t h e sort
incidence.
I t was i n September, b y t h e w a y , t h a t
we learnt accidentally how
one o f M r .
Redmond's supporters had, immediately
after the w i t h d r a w a l of the A r m s Proclama­
t i o n , refused, w i t h o u t even consulting
t h e C o m m i t t e e , t h e best offer o f a r m s t h a t
w e h a d e v e r r e c e i v e d . T h i s was a p r o p o s a l
t o s e l l us u p t o 20,000 m o d e r n m a g a z i n e
rifles w i t h 600 rounds of a m m u n i t i o n for
each, t h e price for rifle a n d a m m u n i t i o n
c o m p l e t e b e i n g o n l y £4.
F r o m w h a t 1 have w r i t t e n , t h e reader w i l l
understand t h a t we of t h e Original Com­
m i t t e e h a d n o h a l l u c i n a t i o n s as t o t h e
p o s s i b i l i t y of o u r c o n t i n u i n g t o co-operate
w i t h M r . R e d m o n d ' s Nominees. W e under­
stood t h e importa»ce of an unbroken front.
W e a r e p r o u d t h a t i t was t h e V o l u n t e e r
O r g a n i s a t i o n t h a t f o r t h e first t i m e i n
c e n t u r i e s h a d b r o u g h t t o g e t h e r a l l sections
of N a t i o n a l i s t I r i s h m e n . W e m a i n t a i n e d
u n i t y as l o n g as i t w a s h u m a n l y possible
t o d o i t . A l t h o u g h M r . R e d m o n d expressly
insisted i n m a k i n g the Volunteers a Party
organisation, we still m a i n t a i n e d u n i t y .
B u t w e f o r e s a w t h a t a c l e a v a g e m i g h t be­
come inevitable.
A n d M r . Redmond's
Woodenbridge declaration about our double
d u t y w a s a clear c h a l l e n g e o n a d e f i n i t e
issue.
W e k n o w of o n l y one d u t y , our d u t y t o
Ireland.
W e are I r i s h V o l u n t e e r s , n o t p a w n s u p o r
t h e c h e s s b o a r d o f B r i t i s h p o l i t i c s . We t o l d I
M r . R e d m o n d so, a n d w e ceased t o a d m i t »
his nominees t o our Councils.
A n d theD c a m e t h e a v a l a n o h e ^ ^ j f A n
a v a l a n c h e o f v i l l i f i c a t i o n , of scurrilous per­
sonal attack, a n d of patent, obvious, a n d ,
g r o t e s q u e falsehood f r o m e v e r y source j
t h a t w o u l d be s w a y e d e i t h e r b y G o v e r n ­
m e n t p a y m e n t or Castle patronage.
W e , w h o h a d h i t h e r t o been p e t t e d ,
c a j o l e d , c a n v a s s e d , caressed, v u n e d a n d
d i n e d , w e , wb,ose p r e s e n c e o n a- p l a t ­
f o r m ' w a s n e a r l y as d e s i r a b l e as t h a t o f a n
M . P . , we, whose postbags h a d heretofore
bulged w i t h i n v i t a t i o n s t o the functions'
of t h e e l e c t , s u d d e n l y b e c a m e n o b o d i e s ,
cranks, frauds, factionists, t r a i t o r s , disruptionists, pro-Germans, cowards,
em­
bezzlers^ a n d lunatics.
A t o n e b o u n d , i n f a c t , we h a d b e c o m e
, bounders !
W e m a d e n o r e p l y t o t h i s campaign of
personal v i l l i f i c a t i o n , n o r do we propose
t o d o so.
W e regret t h a t a n y group^of
I r i s h m e n should descend t o such methods
of c o n t r o v e r s y ; b u t as o n e s e c t i o n has
a d o p t e d t h e m , we propose t h a t t h e y shall
h a v e a m o n o p o l y of t h e r m
We p u t t h e sit unt i o n before a C o n v e n ­
t i o n o f t h e V o l u n t e e r s , w h o endorsed our
a c t i o n , a n d we are n o w going ahead w i t h
t h e w o r k of organising, a r m i n g , a n d t r a i n ­
ing our men.
M e a n t i m e t h e s u b s i d i s e d Press c m a p a i g n
c o n t i n u e s , a n d is m a d e easier since t h e
F r i e n d l y G o v e r n m e n t is s u p p r e s s i n g e v e r y
j o u r n a l t h a t i t fails t o b u y .
The kept
Press is n o w e n g a g e d i n f e l o n - s e t t i n g us
b y n a m e , i n p o i n t i n g us o u t t o t h e F r i e n d l y
G o v e r n m e n t as t h e dangCxOus m e n w h o are
opposed t o benevolent assimilation.
Our
p r i v a t e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e is p u b l i s h e d b y
" N a t i o n a l " papers t o p r o v e t h a t we ate
not sufficiently devoted t o the I m p e r i a l
idea, a n d t h e good w o r k h i s
already,
borne f r u i t i n t h e opening of our letters
t h e p i l f e r i n g o f o u r correspondence,
the
s h a d o w i n g of our movements, t h e con­
f i s c a t i o n of o u r p r o p e r t y , a n d t h e d i s m i s s a l ,
d e p o r t a t i o n a n d a r r e s t of o u r associates.
F a i t h f u l t o t h e t r a d i t i o n s of B r i t i s h N a v a l
h e r o i s m , as e x p r e s s e d i n t h e o r d e r " W
m e n a n d c h i l d r e n first," t h e s e a r c h i n g
houses i n D u b l i n b e g a n w i t h a p o l i c e TP
o n t h e r e s i d e n c e o f a l a d y . She was t h r e a t ­
ened w i t h a r r e s t , h e r house was
searched,
papers were ransacked,
p r i v a t e letters
( u t t e r l y unconnected w i t h the movement)
w o r e a b s t r a c t e d , a n d a s m a l l q u a n t i t y of
revolvers ar^I a m m u n i t i o n , the property
of t h e I r i s h V o l u n t e e r s , w e r e seized a n d
confiscated.
*
M a n y s i m i l a r , t h o u g h m o s t l y fruitless,
r a i d s h a v e f o l l o w e d , b u t t h e I r i s h Press
is t o o b u s y d e a l i n g w i t h t h e m u r d e r s i n
t h e b a t h s t o h a v e f o u n d space t o r e p o r t
thorn.
H o w e v e r , o u r losses h a v e b e e n t r i f l i n g ,
a n d w e a r e n o t d i s h e a r t e n e d . W e are c o n ­
soled b y t h e f a c t t h a t t h e c o u n t r y a n d
t h e f u t u r e a r e w i t h us, a n d t h a t o u r m e n
possess R E A L a r m s a n d a m m u n i t i o n .
A p r o s t i t u t e Press, a H e a v e n - s e n t L e a d e r
a n d a F r i e n d l y G o v e r n m e n t are undoubted­
l y a fairly strong combine ; still, i t will
take more t h a n t h a t t o break the spirit
of t h e I r i s h V o l u n t e e r s
40 H e r b e r t P a r k ,
D u b l i n , 8 t h A p r i l , 1915.
P . S . — S i n c e t h e a b o v e was w r i t t e n e v e n t s
have followed one another w i t h a r a p i d i t y
t h a t is a l m o s t b e w i l d e r i n g . T h e F r i e n d l y
G o v e r n m e n t is gone, a n d has been r e ­
placed b y General F r i e n d a n d t h e Coali­
t i o n M i n i s t r y , w h i c h we a r e t o l d w i l l s u r e l y
g i v e us H o m o R u l e , a l t h o u g h i t s m e m b e r s
i n c l u d e m e n w h o are pledged t o t h e policy
of s e n d i n g " H o m e R u l e t o H o l l . "
T h e C r e a m o f t h e N o m i n e e s are n o w
ornaments of t h o Westminister Parliament
a t salaries o f £400 a y e a r , a n d soveral o f
their
colleagues
have become
British
officers, w h o , h o w e v e r , d i s p l a y n o m o r e
a n x i e t y t o g o t o t h e f r o n t t h a n t h e Carson
A r m y does.
Some of our m o s t p r o m i n e n t Volunteers
h a v e b e e r a r r e s t e d a n d j a i l e d , a n d one
member of the Committee, a permanent
i n v a l i d , has b e e n g i v e n a savage sentence
of f o u r m o n t h s ' h a r d l a b o u r . I m y s e l f h a v e
been d e p o r t e d f r o m t h e D e s m o n d Counties
83
b y the " Competent A u t h o r i t y , " and E o i n
M a c N e i l l ' s l a s t m e e t i n g was a t t e n d e d b y
fifty
police w i t h loaded carbines, a l l of
which incidents, t h o u g h t h e y make p i ­
q u a n t c o p y , aro suppressed b y t h o D e m o n ' s
Journal.
T h e fruitless raids for arms h a v e been
less f r e q u e n t , b u t s i n g u l a r l y e n o u g h
sever­
a l houses i n w h i c h a r m s o r
Volunteer
documents m i g h t be expected t o lie h a v e
r e c e n t l y a t t r a c t e d t h e a t t e n t i o n o f some
enterprising burglars. T h e latest of these
b u r g l a r i e s has l e d t o t h e p r o s e c u t i o n a n d
c o n v i c t i o n of a m e m b e r of t h e C i t i z e n A r m y
o n t h e c h a r g e o f b e i n g i n possession o f a
rifle.
Meanwhile Carson
is t h e S o l i c i t o r G e n e r a l f o r E n g l a n d , w h i c h goes t o s h o w
t h a t w h a t e v e r m a y be t h e deficiencies o f
t b e d e f e n d e r s o f t h e R e a l m t h e y possess
a t least a sense o f h u m o u r .
Ua R.
July
5th,
1915.
M r s . Sheehy Skeffington, accompanied b y her sister,
M r s . T . M . K e t t l e (on r i g h t ) , leaving the F o u r Courts,
D u b l i n , after Sir John S i m o n s i n q u i r y .
T H E
P O R T O B E L L O
S H O O T I N G S
I N Q U I R Y .
S p e c i a l s k e t c h t a k e n y e s t e r d a y at t h e C o u r t of I n q u i r y Into t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s of t h e P o r t ^ o ^ T w i e d i e s
84
DRAMATIC
REVELATIONS
M i l i t a r y A c c o u n t s of t h e Scene a t
Shootings
MR.
HEALY'S
F u r t h e r dramatic revelations were
the
CROSS-EXAMINATION
m a d e t o - d a y a t t h e s i t t i n g of t h e R o y a l C o m m i s s i o n i n q u i r i n g i n t o t l
c i r c u m s t a n c e s of t h e s h o o t i n g s at Portobello B a r r a c k s on the 2 5 t h A p r i l last.
S e v e r a l m i l i t a r y w i t n e s s e s d e s c r i b e d t h e s c e n e i n t h e b a r r a c k y a r d before a n d after t h e shootings took plac
A t one s t a g e of t h e p r o c e e d i n g s a p a i n f u l s c e n e w a s e n a c t e d , a l a d y i n t h e body of t h e c o u r t — a r e l a t i v e
the late M r . M a c l n t y r e — u t t e r i n g piercing cries.
ay at t h e F o u r Courts the Commission
of I n q u i r y a p p o i n t e d t o investigate i n t o
t h e facts a n d circumstances connected
w i t h the t r e a t m e n t of
Messrs. F . Sheehy-Skeffington,
Thomas Dickson, a n d
Patrick J . Maclntyre,
u p o n and after t h e i r arrest o n the
25th A p r i l last, was opened.
tFhe proceedings were conducted i n Judge
Ross's C o u r t , where the accommodation
for t h e p u b l i c is of t h e most l i m i t e d
i n the e n t i r e b u i l d i n g . Large numbers
sought admission, and amongst those
who occupied p r o m i n e n t places were—
D r . Skeffington (father of M r . SheehySkeffington), Mr=. Sheehy-Skeffington,
M r s . K e t t l e , M r . D a v i d Sheehy, M . P .
M
The legal app«arance!> were:—
For the Crown—The Attorney-General and Mr.
Cusack (instructed by the Chief Crown Solicitor).
For families of Mr. Sheehy Skeffington and Thos.
Dickson—Mr. Healy, K.C.. M.P.; Mr. T. O'K. White,
and Mr. R. Sheehy (instructed by Mr. Henry Leznass, solicitor).
For Military Authorities—Mr. J . B. Powell, K.C.,
and Mr. Swayne (instructed by Messrs. Shannon
and Co.).
For Major Roxborough and Lieut. Morgan—Mr.
TT. W. Brown (instructed by Gerald Byrne and Co.).
For tho father of Patk. M'lntyre—Mr. J . P. Brennan. of Huggard and Brennan, solrs., Wexford.
The Commissioners are:—
Sir John Simon (Chairman),
Lord Justice Molony, and
Mr. Denis S. Henry, K.C., M.P.
DRAMATIC
INCIDENT
•1 a m F a t h e r of the
Man"
Murdered
At the opening of the Court, t h e Ch&irj n a n proceeded t o take the appearances of
counsel representing the various parties,
when Mr. Skeffington, father of M r . S h e e h y - ;
Skeffington. stood u p a n d said—
" I wish to appear for myself; I
am the father of the murdered
man, Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington."
T h e Chairman—There c e r t a i n l y w i l l be
n o objection to yon being here and repre­
sented by counsel, and 1 w o u l d ask yon
for t h e t i m e being to watch t h e proceed­
ings, as 1 a m sure you w i l l w i s h to do, in
order t o be h e l p f u l to the Commissioners.
I f i n the course of the proceedings we find
y o u r help is needed, you may he 6ure we
will be glad to take advantage of it.
S h e was removed in a fainting
Mr. Skeffington then resumed Jus seat,
a n d the c h a i r m a n said i t was proposed to
open the proceedings each day at 11 o'clock
and to s i t u n t i l 4.30.
OPENING
STATEMENT
T h e Fighting at Portobello
Bridge
The Attorney-General then proceeded to
give, an o u t l i n e o f t h e circumstances out
of w h i c h the i n q u i r y arose. He said that,
as Attorney-General, neither he nor his
colleague, t h e Solicitor-General, took any
p a r t o f any sort o r k i n d i n connection w i t h
t h e matters t h a t were the subject of i n ­
vestigation. They received no official com­
m u n i c a t i o n o f any k i n d , even u p to the
resent, upon t h e subject, beyond w h a t
ad been received f r o m the m i l i t a r y au­
t h o r i t i e s , w h o m he had asked to f u r n i s h
h i i n w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n r e l a t i n g to it. Pro­
ceeding co describe what had occurred at
t h e Portobello B r i d g e and Barracks, he
said i t was a m a t t e r of common knowledge
t h a t o n Easter Monday a great number of
persons came out
E
IN OPEN
REBELLION
i n t h e c i t y of D u b l i n and c e r t a i n other
p a r t s o f I r e l a n d , and i n pursuance ap­
p a r e n t l y o f an organised p l a n . They occu­
pied c e r t a i n places w h i c h gave t h e m more
or less c o n t r o l over the approaches to the
c i t y o f D u b l i n . Amongst other places, they
occupied a puhlichouse belonging to a m a n
called Davy, w h i c h was situated a t the
left hand corner on the road opposite Porto­
bello B r i d g e going o u t f r o m t h e suburbs
^ Rathmines. Portobello Barracks was at
t i m e occupied by the 3rd B a t t a l i o n o f
Royal I r i s h Bines.
_he t o t a l number of serviceable men i n
trie barracks t h a t day appeared to have
been 600. I m m e d i a t e l y after the outbreak
drafts o f these men were sent o u t to dif­
ferent places, and t h a t course was pur­
sued d u r i n g the remainder of the week
w h i l e the rebellion was i n progress, and
ho understood t h a t at no t i m e were there
more t h a n
300 S E R V I C E A B L E M E N
i n the barracks. On the Monday the rebels
had t a k e n possession o f Davy's publichouse, b u t were dislodged by the m i l i ^'ZTP
,
«
y L i e u t . M o r r i s o f the
11th B a t t . East,Surrey Regiment, who was
at the t i m e attached to the Royal I r i s h
E " . e , entered upon piquet d u t y at Davy's
.Soon afterwards he observed a crowd com­
i n g f r o m the d i r e c t i o n of Jacob's factory
w i t h M r . Skeffington i n front, and L i e u t
Moms
ordered h i m t o be
arrested.
\ \ hen he was brought to the orderly room
there was there L i e u t . M o r g a n , A d j u t a n t
of the 3rd Royal I r i s h Rifles, one of the
officers for whom M r . Brown appeared. So
far as the materials
before him (the
Attorney-General) enabled him io give what,
occurred m the interview with Mr. Skeftrnpt'in was, the A d i u t ­
11
S
t h
e
T u
s d a
condition.
ile was i n sympathy w i t h t h a t organisation,
b u t t h a t he was
O P P O S E D TO M I L I T A R I S M .
T h a t w a s the substance of the conversation.
M r . Skeffington was then ordered by the
A d j u t a n t to be brought back to the guard­
room and confined there.
O n the same
n i g h t , between 10 and 11 o'clock, SecondL i e u t . Leslie Wilson, counsel t h o u g h t not
the same officer as he mentioned as being
present previously, w a B ordered by Capt.
-Bowen-Colthurst, who was attached to the
R . I . Rifles, to come along w i t h h i m and a
p a r t y of 40 soldiers, t a k i n g w i t h h i m M r .
Skeffington, and for t h a t purpose Capt.
Bowen-Colthurst had h i m removed f r o m
the guardroom. Capt. Bowen-Colthurst i n ­
formed L i e u t . Leslie Wilson t h a t he was
t a k i n g t h i s party of men for the purpose
of
RAIDING K E L L Y ' S SHOP,
w h i c h was 200 or 300 yards below Portobello
Bridge, and looking towards the bridge.
He said he was taking Mr. Skef­
fington with him as a hostage, and
he gave orders to Lieut. Wilson
that if his men were fired on that
he (Lieut. Leslie Wilson) was at
once to shoot Mr. Skeffington.
Before proceeding to K e l l y ' s shop, and
after h a v i n g removed M r . Skeffington from
the guard-room,
Capt. Bowen-Colthurst called on
Mr. Skeffington to say his prayers.
As far as the Attorney-General could make
o u t he said, although he waa not quite clean
M r . Skeffington declined. Then Captain,
. Bowen Oolthurst ordered his men
TO R E M O V E T H E I R H A T S ,
and he, i n the presence of M r . Skeffington,
delivered a short utterance w h i c h , accord­
i n g t o t h e evidence, was t o the following
effect :—
"Oh, Lord God, if it shall please
Thee to take away the life of this
man, forgive him, for Our Lord
Jesus' sake."
H a v i n g uttered t h a t prayer,
he pro­
ceeded w i t h his men, leaving Lieutenant
W i l s o n and 20 men, w h i l e he himself and
t h e remainder of the men proceeded on
down towards K e l l y ' s . M r . Skeffington re­
mained i n the custody of Lieutenant W i l ­
son f o r some t i m e , and after an i n t e r v a l
Captain C o l i h u r s t r e t u r n e d w i t h his 20
men, and picked u p t h e detachment i n
charge o f L i e u t e n a n t W i l s o n and also M r .
Skeffington.
A t t h a t t i m e Captain Colt h u r s t had several other c i v i l i a n s under
arrest, amongst t h e m being the two p e r
sons referred t o i n the terms of reference,
M r . Thos. Dickson and M r . P a t k . M'lntyre.
and t h a t was the occasion on which these
persons came into m i l i t a r y custody—tha*
was between the hours of 10 and 11 o clocF
on the night of the 25th. Counsel mjgh*
mention, regarding, as he did it, his dut;
to avoid anything that would seem to sua
gest either blame or to involve censure i£
regard to any person, military or civilian,
that he did not propose to deal with any
matters that formed the subject of contro­
versy, leaving t h a t , as he stated, to be
evolved by his various friends who repre­
sented the different interests, but he
thought
He thought he noticed some move­
ment in one of the limbs of Mr.
Skeffington, and he at once sent
off Lieut. Tooley to the Orderly
room to ask for directions.
L i e u t Tooley was available as a witness,
b u t he had been
H E O U G H T TO S T A T E
t h a t , according to the evidence which he
Understood A d j u t a n t Morgan was prepared
to give, he became aware of t h i s action on
the p a r t o f Captain C o l t h u r 6 t i n removing
I the prisoner from the guardroom t h a t
I n i g h t , and he said he at once reported i t
; to
his
superior
officer.
He
might
'mention
that
t h i s regiment, o r porI t i o n o f i t , i n Portobello Barracks, was
under
the
supreme
command
of
Major Rosborough, and the colonel was
Colonel M ' C a l m o n t , who was absent on sick
leave f r o m the 22nd to the 29th, and d u r i n g
t h a t period M a j o r Rosborough was t h e offi­
cer i n command, and, according to the re­
collection of L i e u t . Morgan, he, on t h a t
same n i g h t , reported this rather strange
and s t a r t l i n g transaction—namely, t h e re­
moval of t h i s gentleman from the guard­
room as a hostage—he reported t h a t to
Major Rosborough. So f a r as counsel's i n ­
f o r m a t i o n went, he understood that M a j o r
Rosborough had no recollection of receiving
any such report, but he left t h a t there as
i t d i d n o t concern h i m o r the purpose for
w h i c h he was appearing before the Com­
missioners. After t h e r e t u r n of C a p t a i n
Colthurst on t h a t n i g h t , M r . Skeffington
was r e t u r n e d to the guardroom i n cus­
tody i n the same place i n w h i c h the other
two persons, Dickson and M ' I n t y r e , were,
w i t h t h i s difference, he understood, t h a t
after the i n t e r r o g a t i o n by L i e u t . M o r g a n ,
to w h i c h he had already referred, a n d
w h i c h occurred about 8 o'clock, he was, by
the orders of the A d j u t a n t , kept i n separ­
ate confinement
IN ONE OF T H E C E L L S .
On the following m o r n i n g , between ten
and half-past t e n . o'clock, Capt. BowenC o l t h u r s t came to the guardroom. Accord­
ing t o the evidence of a sergeant i n charge,
ho t o l d the sergeant he wanted to see the
three men out i n the y a r d . A t t h a t t i m e
Lieutenant Dobbin, who had been i n the
?uardroom the previous evening, was i n
iha/rge of the m a i n gate of Portobello
barracks, and after going into the guard>ooni Capt. Bowen-Coithurst came o u t and
aid to L i e u t . Dobbin these words, or words
> t h i s effect—
" I am taking these men out to
shoot them; it seems to me the best
thing to be don* "
1
yieut. D o b b i n at once sent L i e u t . W i l s o n
,aot Leslie Wilson) t o report t h i s m a t t e r
a A d j u t a n t M o r g a n , who a t t h a t t i m e
as i n the orderly room, as distinguished
r o m the guardroom. L i e u t . W i l s o n 6aw
j i c u t . M o r g a n , and so far as counsel could
Assist the C o u r t on t h a t occasion, the
icts were t h a t A d j u t a n t M o r g a n t o l d
ieut. W i l s o n to i n f o r m L i e u t . Dobbin
l a t he w o u l d
r
G I V E NO S U C H O R D E R ,
J i d t h a t Bowen-Colthurst, i f he took these
l-oceedings, would do i t entirely o n his
. r n responsibility. L i e u t . W i l s o n came
ck and reported t h e message he got
m Liewt. M o r g a n t o L i e u t . Dobbin, and •
just as he was in the act of doing
I
so several shots rang out, and Lieut.
Dobbin, hearing these shots, passed
out to the yard and found three
men lying in the yard.
He regretted to say t h a t
was net available, being
AT
PRESENT
Lieut.
85
The Chairman, after consultation wibh
his colleagues, remarked that, i n addition
to other matters, i f there were any ques. tions about domiciliary visits to the house
of M r . Sheehy-Skeffington, i t was quite
sufficiently connected w i t h the cireunistances to make i t r i g h t for the Commis­
sion t o ask: for information about i t , and
i t was c l e a r l r a matter t h a t must be gone
into. Therefore he would l i k e M r . Healy
to understand t h a t i f they confined them­
selves for the present t o the evidence
about to be tendered by the AttorneyGeneral, they d i d not intend to shut out
any other evidence t h a t i t m i g h t be de­
sirable t o hear; and they ould reserve to
M r . Healy or anyone else the fullest power
to submit any supplemental evidence they
might choose to offer.
Dobbin
AT T H E FRONT,
but his evidence and a l l the i n f o r m a t i o n I
he had to give had been presented at the
court m a r t i a l . I n the i n t e r v a l after Capt.
Bowen-Colthurst had gone out, and t o l d
L i e u t . Dobbin w h a t he was going to do
w i t h these men, he came to the guard­
room and asked for a file of men. Seven
privates w i t h loaded rifles left the guard­
room, b r i n g i n g these three men into the
y a r d . W h e n they were brought o u t into
the y a r d Capt. Bowen C o l t h u r s t ordered
them to he n u t up against a w a l l , o r near
a w a l l , and gave orders to fire, w h i c h
orders were obeyed, and tho three men
fell, apparently dead. L i e u t Dobbin, after
hearing the shots, came o u t i n t o the y a r d .
He was not present a t the transaction. He
was on g u a r d at the m a i n gate, b u t hearing
the shots he at once came back from the
pruardroom and went i n t o the y a r d , where
be saw t h e three borjres l y i n g o n the floor
-of_tJifl_jLa_rd.
t
T H E V I C T I M OF S H O C K
at the front. He was back on sick leave
and would be i n attendance, b u t he was
rather i n a delicate state of health.. L i e u t .
Tooley brought the message to the orderly
room, where he found Capt. Bowen-Colt­
hurst, and Capt. Bowen Colthurst t o l d h i m
that he must in that case repeat
the firing, and he accordingly or­
dered the men to fire again.
Of
course, after that second firing there
was no doubt that the men were
dead, though according to the evi­
dence of persons there it would
appear that there was little doubt
as to the first shooting being abso­
lutely effectual, and that what had
been noticed with regard to the un­
fortunate Mr. Skeffington was some
form of muscular contraction.
This matter was i n the hands of the m i l i ­
tary a u t h o r i t y throughout. The city was
then i n a state of rebellion, and he ( M r .
Campbell), as
representing
the
civil
a u t h o r i t y , hadn't been consulted i n any
shape o r form. The sole and only matter
i n connection w i t h w h i c h he was consulted
by the
MILITARY AUTHORITIES
was as to whether a court m a r t i a l was a
competent t r i b u n a l to deal w i t h the case
of Capt. Bowen-Colthurst.
"UNSATISFACTORY"
Mr. Healy & Attorney-General's
Statement
The Attorney-General continued to 6ay,
t h a t from his reading of the reference and
the terms of i t , the Court was confined to
the incidents of t h i s period, beginning w i t h
the arrest of M r . Sheehy Skeffington, and
t e r m i n a t i n g w i t h the execution of three
persons on the Wednesday morning.
The Chairman said he had no doubt b u t
t h a t the, b u r i a l and the disposition of the
bodies came w i t h i n the scope of the in­
q u i r y , and he d i d not wish anyone there
to take the view t h a t there was no other
matter.
The Attorney-General said he quite u n ­
derstood t h a t evidence as regards the bodies
should be forthcoming. On the n i g h t of
the day they were executed they were i n ­
terred i n the presence of a Catholic chap­
lain.
Some days afterwards the bodies
were exhumed, and
subsequently
re-in­
terred i n
GLASNEVIN
CEMETERY.
He t h o u g h t i t r i g h t to say t h a t
his views was that this inquiry
should proceed on the assumption
that these were innocent persons,
who were not involved in the rebel­
lion. Even were they to any extent
involved, either by sympathy or
active participation, they were en­
titled to a fair and legal trial,
which they did not get.
The Attorney-General added t h a t he
conld give no history of the dealings w i t h
or treatment of Captain Bowen-Colthurst
f r o m t h e date when the three deceased were
shot under his directions. H i s view was
t h a t was entirely outside the scope of the
present i n q u i r y .
M r . Healy said the Attorney-General had
contributed nothing t o public knowledge,
because every statement he made had been
proved before the court m a r t i a l . A t the
same t i m e he had left tbe m a t t e r i n a
wholly unsatisfactory position, and he would
c l a i m t h a t a statement should now be made
on behalf of the
M U R D E R E D MEN'S R E L A T I V E S
so as to place t h e i r position, and t h a t of
the victims, i n i t s proper l i g h t before the
public.
^
r
.-
The first witness, L i e u t . M . Morris, then
of the East Surrey Regt., and now of the
3rd Royal I r i s h Rifles, who deposed to
ordering the arrest of M r . Sheehy-Skeffing
ton, whom he saw coming u p the road in
the direction of Davy's publichouse when
witness was i n charge.
ALARMING RUMOURS
and reports were i n circulation a t the
time about an i n t e n t i o n to rush Porto­
bello Barracks and i t was t o avoid the
possibility of bloodshed t h a t ihe ordered
the arrest of M r . Skeffington, as he ap­
peared to be a t t r a c t i n g a big crowd.
I n cross-examination by M r . Healy, K . C . ,
witness said he had heard of M r . 'Sheehy Skeffington previously, and was told what
he looked like. He had not received any
instructions t o arrest M r . Sheehy-Skeffington. I t was very necessary, i n order to
avoid trouble, t h a t they should prevent
the congregation of crowds, and t h a t was
why M r . Skeffington was arrested. Hp was
not singled out for arrest; others were ar­
rested about the same t i m e . He could not
say i f the Rathmines d i s t r i c t (where M r .
Skeffington lived) was loyal, nor d i d he
know at the t i m e where M r . Skeffington's
residence was.
A m I r i g h t i n saying, M r . Healy asked,
t h a t you had j u s t previously on t h a t day
arrested another gentleman named Parker
i n mistake for M r . Skeffington?
No, certainly not, the witness answered, I
was hardly aware, of M r . Skeffington's exis­
tence i n D u b l i n , and I should not have
known of i t at a l l b u t for several people
around saying: " Here is M r . Skeffington,"
and the crowd behind h i m called o u t
. " Shechy-Skeffington."
I D i d you ask where he was going?—No;
! I d i d not wish the crowd t o congregate,
and I wished to
K E E P T H E ROAD C L E A R .
You must •emember we were i n a very
touchy state at the t i m e , and were anxious
to avoid any discussion. I simply told h i m
he would bs required to go into the bar­
racks, and I sent h i m off under an escort.
He went w i l l i n g l y , there was no trouble
, at a l l .
j Surrounded by how many men?—He was
• not surrounded; there were t w o ' m e n .
|
Armed men?—They were; i t was not
j safe for men to be w i t h o u t "arms.
< F u r t h e r questioned by M r . Healy, w i t i ness said he was not aware t h a t t h a t day
• M r . Skeffington had issued a notice to preI vent looting. He had no knowledge of M r .
- Skeffington's movements except t h a t he was
1
F O L L O W E D BY A CROWD.
Witness thought t h a t the congregation
m i g h t possibly crowd i n the
roadway,
w h i c h he was endeavouring to keen clearHe was unarmed?—So far as I know he
was. He was not searched by me.
The Chairman—Where d i d M r . Skeffing­
t o n live? Was he going home?
M r . Healy—Xes, at 11 Grosvenor place,
Rathmines, 10 minutes* walk.
The Chairman—This would be iiis way
of going home ?
M r . Healy—Yea
Witness, answering M r . Healy, said i f he
had seen Capt. Bowen Colthurst previously
t h a t day he would not have known h i m .
H e knew the commanding officer, Major
Rosborough, when he went to Portobello,
and perhaps the A d j u t a n t . W h e n he sent
M r . Skeffington to the barracks that was
the last time he saw h i m at a l l . No com­
p l a i n t was made to his knowledge t h a t
day i n reference to a boy named Coad.
j
D r . Skeffington i n t i m a t e d t h a t he wished !
to ask witness some questions.
; The Chairman—If you suggest to me
a n y t h i n g i n w r i t i n g you p a r t i c u l a r l y want ;
I shall be greatly obliged. I t w i l l be i t
the interests of order.
S T h e C h a i r m a n . said i t would ho more
' convenient if D r . Skeffington pent up his
questions.
T h e Chairman—Who was it gave you the
>o r d e r not to get into conflict with the
j'people i n tho afreet?—My commanding offij cer, Major Eosborough. H i s orders were
to protect the crowd a s far as possible,
and at the 6ame time to
HOLD T H E POST S A F E L Y .
W h e n you speak of going on that date
! to your post on picket duty does that mean
that you would be of service i n the 6treet
or i n the publichouae?—In the publichouse. My duties were to superintend my
sentries i n the street as well as regards
keeping the road clear.
Witness further stated that he had ob­
served one or two men talking to others
\ on the street, a n d as they did not disperse
; quickly enough he had them brought to
the barracks, but they were released almost
immediately by another gate. H i s duties
were to take precautions and keep the
crowd back.
D i d you see anything of M r . SheehySkeffington being taken as a hostage?—
Yes.
M r . Healy—He has answered me to the
contrary. He said he never saw h i m again.
T h e Chairman—Just tell us about that.
Witness—He was marched past my post
' by Captain Colthurst about midnight, and
I heard orders given that i f this party
who were going to raid a shop was fired on
Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington
?
1
WAS TO B E SHOT.
Y o u say that was about midnight—was i t
on Tuesday?—As f a r as I can remember
after his arrest on Tuesday night or Wed­
nesday morning.
H a d you been on duty from the time yon
had arrested M r . Sheehy-Skeffington u n t i l
then?—Yes.
D i d anyone call your attention to M r .
Sneehy-Skeffington, or did you notice h i m
yourself?—At my post outside the door I
challenged the party as it went past, and
I found they were i n charge of a n officer
going out on a raid.
Did you know who the officer w a s ? — I
did not at the time, but an officer (Mr.
Brown) said that was Capt. Colthurst.
• W a s that the first time you had Capt.
Colthurst identified to you ?—Yes.
W a s there anything else?—I heard Capt.
Colthurst speak to another officer whom 1
did not know, and also to Mr. SheehySkeffington, and say that if there were
F I R E D ON F R O M T H E H O U S E
fchey were going to examine, M r . Skeffing­
ton was to be shot.
Did you know the officer to whom Capt.
Colthurot 6aid t h a t ? — I did .not. I t wa6
T h e Attorney-General—He w i l l be the
next witness.
,
Witness added that the party returned
within half an hour afterwards, and there
were three persons with them.
He did
not recognise M r . Sheehy-Skeffington as
one.
He did not hear anything said as
i they passed the post on their return.
!
Sergeant John Maxwell, 3rd Royal I r i s h
', Rifles, examined by the Attorney-General,
I said that he was on duty i n the Portobello
! B a r r a c k s at about 8 o'clock on the evening
I of the 25th. Thero were two or three
officers, including L i e u t . Dobbin, present
i n the guardroom, end there was a man
standing i n front of the table, and witness
got an order to bring the man across to
be interrogated.
Ho did not then know
who that man was, but subsequently
learned that it was Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington.
Mr Skeffington was questioned by Lieut.
Dobbin.
L i e u t . Morgan asked who was
this man, and witness said he was told
it was Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington. T h e lieu­
tenant then asked was he a Sinn leaner,
and he replied not, but was i n sympathy
• with them, and something about
PASSIVE RESISTANCE.
At the close of t h j conversation or i n ­
terrogation d i d you get an order?—Yes,
from Lieutenant Morgan. He said to wait
i nntil he rang up the Garrison office, and
on the telephone he said that he had M r .
Sheehy-Skeffington, but there was no, charge
against h i m . Witness did not know what
the reply was, but the adjutant said the
m a n was to be detained until further i n ­
quiries, and ha»d h i m over to the officer
of the guard.
Cross-examined by M r . P h i l i p W h i t e You were examined at the court martial?—
Yes
Did vou state that M r . Skeffington said
in reply to the questions that he believed
passive resistance"?
Tie
Attorney-General—Did " n o t * * . J g *
Vitucpe— H o m e n t i o n e d t h e words "pas­
sive resistance." 1 was not certain i f the
; word was passive or active.
Replying to the chairman, witness 6aid
j that the name of the three officers who
wero in the guardroom were Lieutenant
Dobbin and Lieut. Tooley, 3rd R . I . R . ; and
I i.ieut. Wilson, Dublin Fusiliers.
The Attorney-General—That was not
Lieut. Leslie Wilson.
Cross-examined by M r . Healy, K . C . (on
behalf of Mr. Dickson)—When hist did you
see a man named Edelstein i n the bar­
racks ?—1 can't remember.
Did you see such a person there?—I did;
l know him very well.
Was he what was called a
" S P O T T E R " FOR T H E M I L I T A R Y ?
— 1 could not answer that.
Give me the date on which you first saw
h i m ? — 1 could not answer that question.
I saw him some time during the middle of
the week.
Did you know him as a writer for Dick­
son's paperP—No, s i r ; I didn't.
1 only
saw him in the barracks.
Did you see a person called Isaacs in the
j barracks?—No; 1 didn't; not that I re.nember.
Did you hear of any dispute that Dick­
son had with a person called Isaacs ?—No,
s i r ; i t was nothing to me; I never heard
of the man.
Did you speak to Edelstein?—I did seve­
ral times.
What did you speak to him about?—I
cannot remember.
Do you remember any of his conversation
with you?—1 can't say I do.
Did he speak of his knowledge of Dick­
son?—Not in my hearing.
Do you suggest that though you bad
many conversations with him you can't
recall a single thing that he spoke to you
about?—I don't call it a conversation, i t
was only as you would pass a man the time
of day.
Why was Mr. Edelstein admitted to
barracks?—1 don't know anything about
him.
You were Provost-Sergeant of the Guard?
—No; Provost-Sergeant of the Regiment, t
Was this man
IN P L A I N C L O T H E S ?
—Yes.
Why was this man in plain clothes ad­
mitted indiscriminately to the barracks?—
There was an officer at the main gate for
that purpose; 1 was only a subordinate.
Who was the officer at the main gate?—
One of the three officers stated.
How often did you see Edelstein i n the
barracks?—From the time he was arrested
until the time he was taken away.
The Chairman—Edelstein was arrested?
— I believe he was.
Mr. Healy, K . C — D i d you see him after
bis discharge?—No, sir.
Do you know the circumstances of his
arrest?—I know nothing about it.
Second-Lieut. Wilson, 5th Royal Irish
Fusiliers, stated that on the night of the
25th A p r i l he left Portobello Barracks with
a party of men. They were in charge of
Captain Colthurst, and they brought with
them Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington. Capt. Colt­
hurst ordered Skeffington to say his
prayers, but he refused to do so. Colthurst
then told the men to take their hats off,
and s a i d : " O h , Lord God, if it shall please i
Thee to take away the life of this man, for­
give them for Christ's sake.*' When they
got to Portobello Bridge the party halted,
and Skeffington was left in charge of wit­
ness. Captain Colthurst and half the party
went on, and he gave instructions to wit­
ness
TO SHOOT S K E F F I N G T O N
if they were fired on. About a quarter of
an hour afterwards Colthurst returned,
bringing two civilians with h i m .
They
then formed up, and marched back to the
barracks.
Cross-examined by M r . Healy—
Was Mr. Skeffington handcuffed?
—No, he was tied (sensation).
How was he tied?—He was tied
with what is generally known as a
"pjll-lhr*ough;
It is used forcleaning a rifle. It is about three
feet long.
Who held the other end?—I cannot say.
A "pull-through" implies that someone
was pulling—who was pulling ?—There was
nobody pulling anybody (laughter).
D i d yon hear any shots fired by Col­
thurst?—The shots were
F I R E D IN T H E A I R .
F r o m a revolver?—No, from a rifle.
Did he take one of the men's rifles?—I
cannot swear that, but I suppose he did.
W h e n did he fire the 6 h o t s ? — W h e n we
were m a r c h i n g d o w n the road.
iJ
How close was be to Mr. SRettThgton at
the time?—He was i n front o f the party,'
and M r . Skeffington was in the centre.
i
How often did he fire?—Several times. ]
H a d young Goad been shot at this time
by Colthurst?—I don't know to whom you
refer.
Did yon hear of the shooting by Col­
thurst of a boy?—I cannot say who
he
was—a boy or a man.
Where was Skeffington when Coad was
shot?—I don't know who Coad was.
Where was Skeffington at the period
when Colthurst committed the previous
murder?—I cannot describe it as murder.
Well execution, if you like?—It was dark
at the time—I don't know.
Mr Healy—You were present?—I was.
Where was Mr. Skeffington ?—Skeffington
was i n the middle of the party.
I want to suggest the motive you had
for this man's death.
Where was the
boy killed?—The boy or the person was
mortally wounded at the end of the lane
leading to the barracks.
Was that tho tramway end or the bar­
rack end?—The tramway end.
L o r d Justice Molony—Is i t the main
road leading to the m a m entrance?—I
think so.
T h e Attorney-General—Is i t a long laneway or roadway?
Chairman (to witness)—You mean yon
saw somebody hit with a shot?—I did.
Mr. Healy—Just tell me the circum­
stances of the mortally wounding of this
person?—So far as I remember, two men
were clinking about the barracks, and Cap­
tain Colthurst asked them what t w t
business was, and one o f them gave h i m
SOME I M P U D E N C E .
What was the impudence?—I cannot re­
member.
I think he used some rough
language. So far as I remember, he said
something about him being a b
y fool.
And for that he was killed ?—He was not.
He then r a n away like a coward. Capiain
Colthurst raised his rifle, evidently with
the intention of shooting him through the
legs. T h e bullet evidently was misplaced
and went into his abdc nen, 60 far as I
remember.
And was i t at the time when Skeffington
was surrounded by the soldiers?—It was.
Did you tell the court martial one word
of that story?—No
W h y did you suppress it, knowing that
the issue was whether Colthurst was mad
or not?—Because 1 was not asked any ques­
tions about i t .
H a d you made a report on the subject
that Skeffington was a witness to the
M U R D E R OF C O A D ?
— I had not.
And is this the first time you have let
it out?—Well, I cannot truthfully say so.
When previously did you tell the story?
— I told it to a certain person—Sir Francis
Vane, who was then a major in the army.
At what date?—I cannot exactly tell.
Do you think that it was when the re­
bellion was over?—Yes.
Did you never report it to Major Rosborour*1i r the I r i s h Command?—Never.
How many of you were witness to the
slaughter or this man?—Well, I cannot
definitely declare there
had
been
a
slaughter.
T h e Chairman suggested i t might be
called shooting.
Mr. Healy—As you are so conscientious
why did you tell the Court that Colthurst
fired i n the air?—Capt. Colthurst fired in
the a i r for the purpose of making people
keep away.
May I ask were you once i n Holy
Orders ?—
I AM T A K I N G H O L Y O R D E R S .
Did you 6 a y one word before to the
effect that you saw Colthurst fire and
wound mortally a man until I pressed you
on the subject?—I did not.
Do you know that the man who was shot
was entirely unarmed?—So far as I know
he was.
W h a t became of his body?—It was left
there.
W h a t assistance was
given
to
the,
wounded man?—The ambulance came for
him.
What assistance did your party give
the wounded man?—We gave him none.
Now, I will take t h e rest of your per­
formance t h a t night. Did you then pro­
ceed with Captain Colthurst to Alderman
Kelly's shop?—I went half the way with
him.
H a d C o l t h u r s t a bomb w i t h him?—He
had a man who carried bombs. I do not
know his name.
M r . Skeffington, t h o u g h tied, had not his
m o u t h gagged?—No.
What aid ne say when he saw Coade
shot and deserted?—1 didn't hear him say
anything one way or the other.
Did he not protest against this man
being left weltering i n his blood?—I did
not hear any protestation of any kindDid you hear Colthurst saying anything
to Skeflington?—I can't honestly say I did.
However, the fact remains beyond a l l
doubt that Skeflington was a witness to the
S L A U G H T E R O F T H I S MAN?—
Skeflington was a witness.
Replying' to Mr. Brennan, solicitor (for
Mclntyre), the witness said Messrs. Skef-,
fington, Mclntyre, and Dickson had an i
opportunity of having an exchange of views
with each other.
The Chairman—Did Skeffington
hear
Cant. Colthurst say that he was to be shot ;
if his party was fired upon?—I cannot re­
member that, sir. I am not absolutely
certain.
What was the first time it was said to i
you?—When Capt. Colthurst told me to
take command of half of the party.
So that the order of the events was—
Prayers in the barrack yard, the statement
that Skeffington was going with the party
as a hostage also made in the barracks
i Witness—I am not sure as to the se­
quence.
The Chairman—The party marched out
)f the barracks into Rathmines road and
rtvnt along as far as Portobello Bridge.
You were left with half the party, then the
statement was made that Skeffington was to
be shot if the other party was attacked ?—
jThat is so, sir.
Had you any conversation with the
officer in
CHARGE OF T H E P I C K E T
at the bridge?—I know there was a picket
there with Lieut. Merris.
Did you tell him anything about Skef­
fington?—No, I don't think so. I think
he heard Captain Colthurst give me the
order.
Was there any conversation between
you and Lieut. Morris about that—it was
a strange order, was it not? •
Witness—I did not consider it so.* '
Lord Justice Molony—How far away
were yon from them when you first observed
these two men?—We were at the corner—
at the junction of the two roads.
What was the position of your force
when you first observed them?—Captain
Colthurst asked .them what their business
was, and they did mot give him any satis­
factory answer. One of them used
1
INSULTING LANGUAGE.
What attracted your attention to them
at all?—They seemed to be very auspicious.
Witness added that nobody was supposed
to be about at that hour, as martial law
had been proclaimed.
The Attorney-General—Yon were asked
about that order and you considered it a
strange one?—I did not consider i t a
strange order; I thought it was quite
legal to take him as a hostage.
Questioned by the chairman, witness
said his idea about the affair was that
Skeffington would be shot if tho people in
the shop did not surrender.
1/ord Justice Molony—Did yon hear any­
thing said by Captairi Colthurst as to
what he had done at Kelly's shop ?—I can­
not say that I did.
Can you give us any Information as to
what happened at Kelly's shop?—Only that
bombs were thrown and lhafc these ni«u-,
were found in the cellar.
Mr. Dickson and M r . M'Intyre ?—Yes;
and two others who were subsequently let
go away. _
Answering the chairman, witness said
that when Captain Colthurst came back to
Portobello from Kelly's shop he had
FOUR F R E S H PRISONERS,
including Dickson and M'Intyre.
Did Captain Colthurst say anything to
Skeffington on the way back?—I don't
know.
On resuming after luncheon,
\ • ' j ?^ >'
' the witness just exa­
mined felt that an observation of his
counsePs) reflected on bim. The witness
wished it to be known that he was giving
?vidence from the military standpoint, and
(nth the rigidity that appertained to such
^conditions, and that he did not wish to
show any w a n t of candour. Knowing how
strict are military methods he (counsel)
was glad t o take t h a t view, a n d d i d not
wish to suggest a n y t h t e g else..
I h e witness was t h e n recalled a n d ouesloned by the President.
D i d you on the occasion yon have spoken
see anybody firing i n t o the a i r except
^ . Colthurst _?-Noi. t h f A I know of.
r
a l
s a i a
Do you say t h a t none of the men pro^
tested against being s h o t ? - T h e y d i d not
menHon anything i n my hearing.
r~l
Did they utter even rf* cry ?—No, sir.
f
They looked down the rifle barrels and |
said nothing?—Absolutely nothing.
Are you clear that there was firing into
the a i r ? — I am.
At what 6tage on the journey going or
coming from Kelly's—First of all, was
there any such firing before this man was
shot ?—No.
A t what stage was it that Capt. Colt­
hurst secured a rifle at a l l ? — I presume if
was when we got to the end of the lane
leading to Rathmines.
He borrowed it immediately i n connec­
tion with these two men
YOU SAY W E R E S P Y I N G ?
—Yes.
Was there any firing in the a i r after
that, before the party was divided into
two at the bridge?—I believe yes, a few
times.
Was there firing in the air afterwards
by Captain Colthurst?—There was.
It
was done by more than one man.
Did you hear any order given?—As far
as I remember, orders were given to cease.
Mr. Healy, K . C . — Y o u told me you did
not believe that Coade was the name of
the man that was killed?—No.
The Chairman—I understood him to say
he did not know the name of the man.
Mr. Healy, K . C . — A r e you aware that
that was not the only man shot in the
street that night by Capt. Colthurst?—
That is the only man so far as I know.
You never heard that he previouslv shot
another man?—No.
Witness said he wanted to make a pro­
test against certain slanderous statements
made by Mr. Healy against him.
The Chairman explained that Mr. Hoaly
had already interposed and stated that,
realising the stringency under which wit­
ness made his answers at the court mar­
tial, and that he only asked such questions
as were asked, he held the witness to be
quite candid, and that anything to the
contrary was not intended.
Sergeant John W. Aldridge, 10th R . D . F . ,
gave evidence that he was on duty at Porto­
bello Barracks on the morning of the 26th
April, and was on guard at the main gate.
There were about 10 or 11 prisoners in the
guardroom, all civilians.
Mr. Sheehy
Skeffington was confined in a cell apart
from the rest. Some time after he mounted
guard at 9 o'clock Capt. Bowen-Colthurst
came to where he was and said he wanted
to see three prisoners, mentioning the
names of Sheehy Skeflington, Dickson, and
M'Intyre, and said he wanted to see them
in the yard
;
A
S C E N E .
A t t h i s stage a p a i n f u l scene was
enacted, a l a d y i n the body of the court
—a relative of M r . M a c l n t y r e — u t t e r i n g
piercing cries.
She was removed i n a
fainting condition.
Cross-examination resnmed—I put i t to
you t h a t Dickson, the Scotchman, was a
cripple?—Yes; he ha da deformity.
Therefore he must have walked h a l t i n g ?
— N o ; he walked at nearly the same pace
as the others.
Do yon suggest t h a t t h i s Scotchman, who
h a d n o t h i n g t o do w i t h the rebellion made
no protest against death?—No, s i r ; i t was
too sudden. T h e y d i d not realise they were
G O I N G TO B E S H O T .
F u r t h e r questioned, the witness said he
could not give the names of the
firing
p a r t y , as he d i d not take t h e m at the
t i m e , the pressure being too great.
I s not the practice among the m i l i t a r y
on such occasions t h a t one b l a n k cartridge
is n u t i n the rifle?—Yes.
Was t h a t done on t h i s occasion?—No,
6 i r . There was no t i m e t o do a n y t h i n g .
I B u t where was the r u s h about shooting
these men?—There was no r u s h , b u t there
was other d u t y to be performed.
Do I understand you to say t h a t i n the
regiment there is no copy of t h e regi­
mental e n t r y of the names of the guard ?—
There is.
H a v e you got i t ? — I t should be here. I
handed i t i n to the a u t h o r i t i e s .
|
F u r t h e r cross-examined, he said he made
a report of the three men h a v i n g been shot,
b u t he d i d not give the names of the menwho fired at t h e m .
M r . Healy called for the report.
C h a i r m a n — M r . Powell, can y o u .help
about i t ?
M r . Powell, K . C — I w i l l make i n q u i r y .
I n sreply to the c h a i r m a n , the witness
said he took the number and r a n k of the
firing p a r t y and the u n i t they belonged t o .
I t was r a t h e r a mixed u n i t .
M r . Healy—Was i t the same firing p a r t y
w h o came o u t on the second occasion t o fire
a second t i m e at M r . Skeffington?—I can­
n o t say t h a t i t was the same m e n that'
went out the second t i m e .
D i d you select t h e m ?—I d i d not.
W h o selected them ?—Tt was M r . D o b b y n .
Were you there?—I was.
Now can y o u t e l l me whether Capt.
Colthurst
VISITED T H E PRISONERS
TO S P E A K TO T H E M .
The yard was at the back of the guard­
room enclosed with a wall. Capt. BowenColthurst then ordered some of the guard
to go out with him, and accordingly seven
men went out. When in the yard Capt.
Colthurst ordered the three prisoners to the
far end of the yard to the wall, which
they dicL He then ordered the 6even men
to load, present, and fire, which they did,
and the three men fell. Immediately Capt.
Bowen-Colthurst went away, and after he
had left, Lieut. Dobbin came in. Witness
went over tb the bodies, and as far as he
could see the three men were dead, and he
believed so still. Lieut. Dobbin said he
thought there was a slight movement in
one of the bodies, and then left the yard
straight away and returned in a few min­
utes. Four men were again taken out with
Lieut. Dobbin and the
F I R I N G WAS R E P E A T E D .
During the time witness was i n the bar
racks there was constahtThring going' on in
the vicinity, and they apprehended an
attack.
Cross-examined by Mr. Healy, the wit­
ness «aid the prisoners were neither
pinioned nor blindfolded. They went out
the same as any ordinary person.
Mr. Healy—Did they get any time to say
their prayers ?—They did not.
Did they know they were going to thefr
deaths?—Not to my knowledge; I don't
think they did.
Was that' the only execution yon Wit­
nessed in the barracks?—That is all, tir.
unless yon like to refresh mv memory. '
Was that the only execution you took
part in?—That is a l l , with the exception of
the 25th, when I went out for rations to
Kingsbridge.
Did any of the prisoners say anything ,
that morning going out?—No.
Were they shot i n the back or in the '
front?—They were shot in the front, and
the bullet penetrated through the ba»k.
Were they facing the guns when they
were shot?—Yes.
Take the case of M'Intyre and Dickson—do
you say when the guns were presented that
they d i d not ask for a priest?—Not in my
hearing.
_^BJfc£*£'.
;
t h a t m o r n i n g and ask were there any com! plaints?—No, sir^ not w h i l e 1 was on g u a r d .
W h a t t i m e d i d you come on guard?—I
came on guard about 9 o'clockCould you t e l l me the h o u r at which t h e
prisoners had breakfast?—No; I was n o t
on guard at the t i m e .
W h o was o n guard at the time?—Sergt.
Kellet t h a t I relieved.
Replying t o f u r t h e r questions by M r .
Healy, the witness said i t was his d u t y to
take orders from a commanding officer o r
a n officer h a v i n g power to give orders. H e
wa snot, i n the same regiment as Captain
C o l t h u r s t . H e d i d not know whether Capt.
Colthurst was a c o m m a n d i n g officer, b u t
he knew he was an officer.
Chairman—You could t e l l he was an
officer' f r o m the decorations o nhis u n i ­
f o r m ?—Yes.
The witness, r e p l y i n g to f u r t h e r ques­
tions by the c h a i r m a n , said he was not
long i n barracks.. He was on week-end
leave, and when reti-.rning he was advised
by a clergyman and a lady not t o proceed
t o his barracks, and he reported himself
a t the nearest place, and was t o l d to pro­
ceed to Portobello Barracks. Others h a d
come there i n the same way, and t h a t ac­
counted for
THE
MIXED
UNIT.
There were some sailors there, b u t there
were no sailors i n the firing p a r t y . T h e y
were a l l soldiers. So f a r as he knew, Cap­
t a i n C o l t h u r s t d i d not speak to the three
men. A l l he said was t h a t they should
stand up against the w a l l .
.
C h a i r m a n — D i d he ever e x p l a i n t o t h e m
t h a t he was going to shoot them?—
! R e p l y i n g to the President, witness said
i he had no a l t e r n a t i v e b u t to obey the order
C1 VPfl
D i d y o u yourself understand t h a t the
I men were going to be shot?—No; even the
j poor men that are B°ne did not seem to
realise that.
None of the men made any protest r—JSo.
1
MILITARY E V I D E N C E
AT INQUIRY
CAPTAIN
COLTHURST'S
POSITION
A
R E M A R K A B L E
FATHER
R E P O R T
OXOUGHLIN
Sir J . Simon mentioned the report by
apt. Colthurst which was under discuson the previous evening, and said th« *e
as a reference to a raid upon a house
ito which the Commission had not to
lquire. M r . Healy asked that the mat»r should net be determined at the molent.
" W e cannot inquire into a l l the
lids on shops in D u b l i n , " said S i r J .
imon.
WITNESSES.
Mr. Edelstein, referred to on • the prelous day, 6aid his life was imperilled by
'hat h a d been said about him, and Sir
. Simon promised to consider whether he
iould have an opportunity of giving evitnce.
Mr. Healy intimated that he would toay examine Sir F r a n c i s Vane and AJre.
keffington.
EXAMINED
ADJUTANT
The
second day's proceedings at
the
Portobello shootings inquiry was taken up
with m i l i t a r y evidence covering and eluci­
dating the m a i n circumstances already dis­
closed. I t was proved that no incriminatj ing documents were found on the men who
J were shot; that these men were buried i n
j sheets i n unconeecrated ground; t h a t i n
I the exhumation of M r . Skeffington's body
Mrs. Skeffington was not informed; that on
: a search of M r . Dickson's house a black
bag of
his. with some documents, was
! taken to A l a . Kelly's shop and left there
: for a time; that Mrs. Skeffington's house
was raided by armed m i l i t a r y , and that
! " a n unknown g i r l " was taken from under a
table and " c a r r i e d " to Rathmines Police
Station.
Major
Ros borough and Col.
M'Cammond were among the witnesses.
:
Sir J . Simon read a second report from
Capt.Bowen-Colthurst alluding to Messrs.
Skeffington,
Dickson, and M'lntyre as
"desperate men," and j u s t i f y i n g the shoot­
ings on the ground that " o n l y desperate
measures wonld save the situation.
Mr.
Father
of
OR. S K E F F I N G T O N ,
the l a t Mr. F r a n c i s
Skeffington.
e
Sheehy
" Irish Independent" Photo.
1
Healy said notice had been served asking
for Capt. Oolthurst'e attendance, and when
the Attorney-General said he had been re­
moved, as a lunatic, i n th© public interest.
S i r J . Simon said he was sure the m i l i t a r y
authorities would facilitate M r . H e a l y by
the production of the Captain's order of
conviction and record of transfer to E n g ­
land.
MR. H E A L Y & M A J O R R O S B O R O U G H
A t the opening of the sitting, M r . Healy
said he was not aware on the previous day
that a statement had been made which
might prejudice the holding of this i n ­
quiry, and the proceedings at it, i n re­
spect of a n officer against whom i t would
have been h i s (Mr. ri«*l.v» duty to n*Uu
observations and to severely cross-examine.
" I find, however," M r . Healy said, "that
this officer (Major Rosborough) has been
condemned in P a r l i a m e n t I n terms which
entirely preclude me from either criti­
cising or cross-examining h i m .
He has
•been, from the point o f view of justice,
mortally wounded."
Mr. Healy quoted
references i n P a r l i a m e n t to Capt. Col­
t h u r s t and Major Rosborough.
MORGAN
B O D I E S B U R I E D IN S H E E T S
Adjt. Morgan, further cross-examined by
[r. Healy, said Capt. Coltkurst made only
ne report. He did not report to witness
i s t he had taken out Mr. Skeffington as
hostage and that he had killed the young
tan Coad. Witness knew nothing about
oad u n t i l Father O'Loughlin. told hipa i n
rdinary conversation, which was some
me during the rebellion. The bodies of
iessrs. Skeffington, Dickson, and M'lntyre
ore rolled up hi sheets and buried In unonsecrated ground. He could
not say
-nether a ring was stripped, from Mr.
keffiugton's finger and denied to his wife,
t was the. duty of the medical officer to
:rip the dead men. Witness had no know»dge of whether a ring and a suffragette
adae were kept from Mrs. Skeffington for
eeks and weeks until, by persistent appliavion they were got from Dublin Castle,
l r . Dickson's personal belongings were
anded over to his mother. He could not
xplain how Mr. Dickson's
trunk was
rought by a soldier to A i d . Kelly's shop,
nd from there to the barracks.
T T H E SKEFFINGTON RESIDENCE.
On the Friday after the victims had
been buried, diu' Capt. Colthurst take a
detachment of men and proceed to the
widow's residence?—It came to my know­
ledge afterwards that Capt. Colthurst
had visited the residence of Mr. Skeffing­
ton.
Did they fire a volley Into the house?—
I know nothing about it. It was not re­
ported to me.
Surely you were aware that a motor car
ad been commandeered, and that
ths
oods of the widow and her late husband
ero placed on it and brought to the barscks r—No; I wag aware that a huge numer of documents had been taken from the
ouse, and I saw them i n the stores.
C a n you say what was the object of raidig the dead man's premises after tha
locution ?—That I cannot say.
Dissatisfied with one visit, was there a
acond visit to the widow's premises ?—
',ot to my knowledge.
Were the bricks where the shooting took
lace marked by bullet -marks ?—They wore.
And were these bricks—and by whose
rder—removed from the w a l l s ? — I under­
hand the bricks were removed by the order
f Col. M'Cammond, or by arrangement beiveen h i m and M a j . Guinness, the engieer officer.
\
" A t a l l events," proceeded M r . Healy,
I am right in saying that a mason and
tbourer were employed to endeavour to
efaee the marks of the fusillade ?"
Witness—You are right as far as saying
i s bricks were removed and new bricks
ut i n , but I can't say the number of men
mployed.
Was that on a Sunday?—I really cannot
vy whether i t was Sunday or Monday.
Perhaps you could tell me what firm was
tnjdoysd aa this job t—That would not_
come under my notice. M a j . Guinness wit­
he able to explain that.
Of course this was a l l done, I take it, al
the expense of the country f—It was.
EDELSTEIN'S
ARREST.
Mr Healy wished to asic upon Wftos,
directions < apt. Colthurst, after the shoot,
ings. was sent upon a further military ex
pedition, but the question was ruled aj
being outside the terms of reference.
T h a t , " said M r . Healy, "entirely trun,
cates the exposure that I was about to
make." Continuing, counsel said he would
ask about a matter antecedent to the mur­
ders of the prisoners Dickson and MTntvr*.
, i ^ a r r e s t e d in A i d . Kelly's tobacoj
1 . '
e s s , instruct^
Colthurst to go and effect that raid.
•Witness said that they consulted the
General Officer Commanding the troops be­
fore they made that raid. They received
information that the rebels were i n Aid
Kelly s house.
w
h
I
na
e
t
o
e
a
a
e
s
k
e
k
v
o
d
W l t n
u
i
n
j.v , £'
connection with
that about this man, Edelstein, and I want
you to be very careful i n your answers.
When did you first see Edelstein?—On the
Sunday night following the Easter Sunday.
1 heard of him on the morning of that day.
He was not then in custody. He came into
military custody on the Sunday night. Aid.
K e l l y told witness about hjs being in Aid
K e l l y ' s shop on the night of Messrs. Dick­
son and M'Intyre's arrest.
Asked why Edelstein was arrested, wit­
ness said.— ' I t was reported by an officer
belonging to the machine-gun section that
Edelsrein was i n A i d . Kelly's house giving
out cigars wholesale to the public (laugh­
ter). I inquired from A i d . K e l l y , and lis
told me Edelstein had no right to be
there."
Was that why he was arrested?—He got
into the barracks by some manner of means
late on Sunday night. He was brought befor Col. M'Cammond the next day, and the
Col. and myself investigated everything we
could about him, and Col. M'Cammond was
disposed at that time to release him.
Was he released ?—No. Col. K i n n a i r d tele*
honed that a l l the men detained at Portoello were to bo sent to Riohmond Bar­
racks, and, of course, we complied with
that,
Sif J . Simon—Who directed the arresfi
of Edelstein?—Major Rosborough.
6
" A REMARKABLE STATEMENT."
M r . Healy—Were the arrangements con­
nected with the barracks so loose that in
the middle of a rebellion a man could get
inside your gates without your knowledge?
—He should not have got in. I understand
he came to see Major Sir Francis Vane. He
told me that at ths time.
Did he make a remarkable statement to
you to the prejudice of A i d . K e l l y to jus­
tify his arrest?—I cannot say, bet I don't
think so.
He had so much to eay that, it
would be very hard to remember "what he
did say—in fact, he had too much to eay
(laughter).
Did he make this statement to you—that
when the bomb shattered A i d . Kelly's win­
dows
•
The Attorney-General inquired how it
could be relevant to the inquiry what ac­
cusation was made by this man against
Aid. K e l l y .
Mr. Healy said he wished to show that
Mr. Dickson was arrested on the informa­
tion of Edelstein.
Edelstein, from ths
body of the court, shouted : " I t is an awful
l i e ' ; and Sir J . Simon said he could not
be allowed to interrupt.
Edelstein, who
stated be was a Jew, said " these malicious
and
false statements"
were
beyond
human nature."
Sir J . Simon—TKP conversation, whatever
It was, between this witness and Edelstein
took place on the following Sunday, and
could not have led to the arrest of Mr.
Dickson on the previous Tuesday night.
Mr. H e a l y next asked witness if it was
reported to him that E d e M e i n was on A i d .
Kelly's premises when the arrest of Messrs.
Dickson and M'lntyre took place?—Yes, by
U d . Kelly.
(Jan you explain why Mr. Edelstein was
not put under arrest?—I can't, but I was
the person that had htm arrested after­
wards—several days afterwards.
Witness
did not know whether Edelstein was what
was called a "spotter." Witness had no
statement made by M r . Dickson while he
was in custody.
T h e guardroom report
was kept by the Commander of the Guard,
and if a prisoner made a statement at the
time of his arrest it was taken down, and
should appear there.
Witness had never
any reason to believe that Mr. Dickson was
other than a loyal subject and -a Scotch­
man, and, eo for as he knew, the man had
no connection whatever with the rebellion
trouble.
witness said that after the shooting, or­
ders were given that Colthurst was not to
be plaoed on duty outside the barracks.
H e left without their knowledge by the
canal gate and went to M r . Skeffington's
house.
M r . Brown—Was Capt. Colthurst an effi­
cient officer?
' Sir J . Simon—I don't; think that is a
matter we have to inquire into. W e have
only to inquire into events. W e cannot go
into the character or reputation of anyone.
Witness said Colthurst was sent to
Newry on May 11. He was plaoed under
close arrest. The visits to Mr. Skeffington's
house were on the Friday and the Monday
after the shootings.
A QUESTION OF DOCUMENTS.
" And his arrest was a horrible blunder ?~
suggested Mr. Healy.
" Well, I could not
sey it -was," replied witness.
" Captain
Bowen-Colthurst may have received infor­
mation about him.
B u t as to documents,
nothing of an incriminating character was
found on him as far as I know."
Now listen I " I had been busy on the pre­
vious evening until 3 a.m. examining docu­
ments found on these three men, and I re­
cognised from these documents that the
three men were a l l very dangerous charac­
ters
Yes.
«'",. I s that false?—Well, according to the
documents I saw it would not appear to be
altogether correct.
Does that apply to M r . M'ln tyre P—Yes.
There was nothing incriminating so far a*)
I saw.
Sir J . Simon—So far as the documents
handed to you, was there anything that
could be described as of an incriminating
character or to show that these men were
dangerqus characters ?—Nothing at a l l . Of
course I was verv busy and had not time
to go into everything at once, but after­
wards, from perusing the documents, there
was nothing incriminating.
There was nothing, in witness's opinion,
found on Mr. Skeffington to justify the
description given in Capt. Colthurst's re­
port that he, as one of the 3, was a dan­
gerous character.
THE EXHUMATIONS.
I n reply to Sir J . Simon, Mr. Healy said
permission for the exhumation and ztr
moval of the body of Mr. Dickson "under
cover of darkness or i n the early morning"
was given by Maj .-Gen. Sandbach.
Dr.
Skeffington, the respected father of MrShe*hy-Skeffington, was allowed to attend
the exhumation and interment of the body
of his unfortunate son on 8th May. Mrs.
Skeffington had no intimation of it.
M r . Brennan said the order for the in­
terment of Mr. M'lntyre was dated 18th
May, and it took place on the 19th.
Answering Mr. Brown, witness said the
bodies were buried i n sheets, as coffins
could not be obtained. Soldiers were also
burled i n sheets, as that was the best they
could do i n the circumstances.
T o the President, witness said some dcenments were annexed to the report of
Capt. Colthurst. They were a l l documents
found on Mr. Skeffington. Nothing of an
incriminating nature was found on Mr.
Dickson.
Sir J . Simon said the two documents
identified by witness were a private letter
and a document regarding the formation
of a civic guard to deal with looting. The
witness said that none of the documents at
first shown to him as having been found
on M r . Skeffington showed that he was a
dangerous character.
When M r . Healy asked whether the docu­
ment which Colthurst endorsed as haying
been found that night on Mr. Skeffington
was, in fact, obtained 2 days after his death
at the widow's house. Sir J . Simon ex­
pressed the opinion that the witness had
stated very fairly his knowledge and view
of the documents he saw and that Col­
thurst's state of mind dia not enter into
the inquiry.
A R R E S T S ON S U S P I C I O N .
T o Mr. Brennan—Messrs. Dickson and
M'lntyre were brought i n on suspicion, as
far as witness knew.
Nt> attempt was
made to investigate the charge against Mr.
M'lntyre.
" I t was late when he waa
brought i n , " said witness, " and we 'had so
many tihings to attend to." Witness at­
tempted to investigate the case of M r .
Skeffington, because he was brought before
h i m ; but there was no charge at the time.
Ma]. Rosborough detailed Colthurst for fchs
expedition to Kelly's shop, when word
came from the Castle that it was to be
raided. On and off, Colthurst had been i n
Portobello Barracks up to that time from
about Nov., 1<VJ4, and Maj. Rosborough
had bem there since 1908.
Mr. Brennan said he wished to show that
Capt. Bowen-Colthurst was not a person
fit to be sent out on a n expedition of the
kind.
„
Sir J . Simon—We have the striking fact
I What he remained in a position of authority
I until the 6th May. W e have to make an
investigation and report on events, ana
these events will speak for themselves.
I n reply to Mr. Brennan, witness said
the effects found on Mr. M'lntyre wera
handed to has brother.
The only docu­
ments found on MTntytre and Dickson were
papers such as " T h e Eye-Opener." '* Tlha
Spark," and " T h e Searchlight," but, wit­
ness said, nothing incriminating.
Mr. Brennan—So that the statement of
Captain Colthurst that he attached to his
report incriminating documents found on
them is without foundation.
C O L T H U R S T S 2ND R E P O R T .
S i r J . Simon here referred to a second
report by Capt. Colthurst, dated 9th May.
I t stated that on the evening of Tues.,
A p r i l 86, he was officially informed of the
declaration of martial l a w ; that there were
3 leaders of the rebels in the Portobello
guardroom, and that he considered the
uardroom not a safe place " for these
esperate men."
O n Tues. rumours had
reached him of anssacres of police and
soldiers, and also that GOO German pris­
oners had escaped from Oldcastla and were
marching on Dublin, a large force being
detailed to attack Portobeila Barracks.
There were i n the barracks a considerable
number of officers and men who had been
wounded by the rebels, and he believed i t
was known that these rebel leaders were
confined i n the barracks. There were r u ­
mours of a rising all over Ireland, and of
a landing of Germans and Americans i n
G a lway.
S
NO " H O S T A G E . "
I n reply to M r . Brennan, witness said
that he never regarded Mr. Skeffington as
a hostage. After the shootings Major Ros­
borough gave orders that no one was to be
allowed to see the remaining prisoners but
witness and 'himself and, of course, medi­
cal officers.
Sir J . Simon—He realised that these
tfaea man had been, take* p^t
jwath, and he wanted to prevent these
;-events happening again ?
' Witnessee
to prevent i t happening
again. Witness went on to say that he
made special arrangements for' the com­
f o r t oi Mr. Skeffington while a prisoner,
,as 'he was of a different sphere of life to
,*he others.
He had a separate cell and
rations from the Quartermaster's stores.
' Mr. Healy admitted that the prisoners
were properly fed.
;
,
He knew that men home from the
trenches had been shot down like dogs
tn the streets of their own city..
O n the Wed. morning a l l this was on his
mind, and he felt that only desperate
measures would save the situation, and
believing he had power under martial law,
he felt i t to be his duty to have the 3
'- ringleaders" shot.
M r . Healy called attention to an entry
I n the guardroom report which showed that
the names and occupations of the 3 men
were known on the night-of their arrest.
M r . Powell intimated that he proposed to
c a l l M a j . Rosborough.
He understood, he
said the difficult position he was in—a
position that lfad not been made easier by
the inoident. i n Parliament to which M r .
Healy had referred at the beginning of the
day's proceedings.
A n inquiry had been
held specially as regarded his action dur­
ing this trying period, and to a certain
extent that matter was still i n abeyance.
H e understood from M a j . Rosborough that
h s was very anxious to give evidence and
throw what light he could on material
matters.
S i r J . Simon said they should regard
themselves as barred from putting ques­
tions not relating to the facts; and M r .
Healy said he
d i d not intend to ask Maj. Rosborough
any questions, as an atonement for the
outrage to which he had been subjected.
L I E U T , MORRIS
RECALLED
A t the request of S i r m- Simon, Lieut.
Morris was recalled.
He said he could
not tell whether the document headed,
"Secret orders issued to the military,"
which was signed at the bottom i n red
i n k , apparently by Capt. Colthurst, was
produced at the court
martial or not.
W h e n Capt. Colthurst had gone through
M r . Skeffington's papers he had several
leaflets, and he gave him one (produced),
w M c h he took for cariosity.
When he
got to Belfast he gave the document to the
Adjutant. He was not quite clear whether
he told him where it was found, and he
dJdtt't attach a great deal of importance
to it.
Sir J . Simon—Then I understand he got
the impression from you at first that i t
was a document foond wheh M r . Skeffing­
ton was searched?—Yes. Witness was not
present when Mr. Skeffington's house was
searched.
He got the document referred
to after the search was made.
MAJOR
ROSBOROUGH
T H E ORDERS TO COLTHURST
Major Rosborough, 3rd Batt. R . I . Rifles,
stated that Col. M'Cammond went away
on leave on the 23rd April and did not
return u n t i l 29th A p r i l . Witness was in)
command of the barracks from the 23rd
u n t i l the 28th, and was i n the barracks on
EasteT Mon. and on the Tues. He did not
hear anything about M r . Skeffington or the
other prisoners u n t i l after the shooting.
I t had been stated that he ^as informed
ihat night of the arrest of Mr. Skeffington,
rat if he was i t had escaped his memory,
[t also appeared as if he had been aware
fast Colthurst was taking out M r . Skeffingxm on Tues. night as a hostage. I t ap­
peared i n the Press as if he were aware
of this.
T h e Attorney-General—-That was to some
axtent nay fault. I think i t appeared i n
|ny opening statement.
Witness said he first heard of the
shooting of the three men about 10.35 a n
the morning of the executions. Colthurst
told h i m what he had done, and witness
told h i m to report irt writing, and then
witness gave instructions that Colthurst
was not to be used outside the barracks.
S i r J . Simon—Did yon give orders that
Colthurst was to go outside with his men
to TSMf*
shop r—Yes.
Did you give h i m any orders about tak­
ing a hostage P—Certainly not.
And at that time he went ont you did
not 'hear anything about M r . SkeflxngtonP—
Lfertainly not.
W h e n he came back the Adjutant tells
is Captain Oolthunst reported to yon him­
self verbally, and the Adjutant says he
was present when Captain Coitihurat re­
ported to you?—Tibat night was a night of
nxuoh work, and I don't know if tihe Ad­
jutant moans by reporting verbally making
i casual remark. 1 have no reoolleotion
rf Oapt. Colthurst giving me any detailed
Information ox report.
"DETAINED PEOPLE."
Don't let us nee the word "report." Do
you remember seeing Oapt Colrthuiwt that
nMkt after he had been at Kelly's shop ?
—Yes. I remember seeing something of
h i m . hut I am not quite certain. Witness
had no recollection of Mr. Skeffington's
name being mentioned at all that ndght
tor of Colthurst rerorting the arrest of"
(aessra. Diokaon and M'lntyre. He did not
trv to impeach the veracity of the Ad­
jutant i n any way.
W e understand yon were working under
the greatest pressure and that it was a
time of terrible anxiety P—It was at the
height of the resistance during the week.
I f would be a striking thing, and a very
unusual thing, for Capt. Bowen-Colthurst
to take a c i v i l i a n prisoner out of the guardroom when going on a n expedition of that
sort?—Most unusual. I do not call these
men prisoners. They were detained people,
- and. irf course, it might be possible that
one would volunteer informal iun
«*>v a
such t h i n g ; but 1 want it clearly under­
stood that the word " hostage" was never
heard.
To further questions witness said he
visited t h guardroom several times on the
Tues.. but that was before M r . Sheehy
Skeffington_was brought in.
,
e
90
n
, , V the Wed. morning did you hear any­
thing of the 3 men or their being taken
out of the guardroom and shot until after
th"y had been shot?—That was the first I
heard of them. I was walking across the
barrack square when Capt. Colthurst camo
over to me and said he had just shot 3 pri­
soners on his own responsibility and that
possibly he would get into trouble about it
and that he would likely be hanged for it,
or something like that.
AN
ORDER
DISOBEYED.
H e did not tell you he was afraid that
the prisoners were going to escape?—No.
O r that he was afraid they were going
to be.rescued?—No.
D i d he say to you at a later time any­
thing of that k i n d ? — I n the orderly room
he said
he shot them because he thought they
might escape or be rescued.
Y o u ordered him to make a certain re­
port ?—Yes.
W h a t was the interval between the two
occasions?—A considerable interval—from
10.35, when he went out of barracks, i t
might have been after 2 o'clock. I sent 2
or 3 times for the report. T h e yard close
to the guard room is a very small place,
and has high walls around it.
A n d unless the barracks were going to be
rushed, and the whole place occupied, there
was no more reason why these particular
people could escape^ more than any other
detained person ?—No.
Witness's order as to Colthurst not going
out of barrack* was given on Wed. H i s
going out to Mrs. Skeffington's house on the
F r i d a y wqjild be a breach of that order.
T h e senior officer then i n charge was Col.
Allptt ,who had since died. Witness did
not think he was i n command then. H e '
had no knowledge of how many went with
Colthurst to the house, but he thought he
had heard about 19.
Mr. Powell said he would be prepared to
produce witnesses as to the domiciliary
visits referred to by the Court.
COLTHURST AS A LUNATIC
Sir J . Simon said they gathered t h a t
Capt. Colthurst, according to his instruc­
tions, was detained i n a c r i m i n a l lunatic
asylum. T h e y thought it would be a n ad­
vantage if they could have a proper certi­
ficate which showed that, because they
gathered that the Attorney-General had
ascertained that he wae not i n a condition
to be called here.
Mr. Healy—We have served two notices
on the Crown requiring the attendance
here of Capt. Colthurst. How a Scotch or
I r i s h lunatic could come to be in custody
i n England is a matter of the legality of
which I have my own opinion. H e was
taken out of this country, as we think, i n
view of this inquiry. I f he cannot come
up to be examined here we w i l l press to
obtain his evidence i n England, as he was
removed i n view of the fact that this i n ­
quiry was promised, amd we think he i s
l an absolutely necessary witness.
S i r J . Simon—We know nothing abont
that, but it is going along the lines you
suggest i n asking for some information, i f
Oapi. Colthurst i» not produoed, as to
I where he is and what is his condition.
T h e Attorney-General said the solicitor
! instructing M r . Healy some days previously
intimated to h i m , i n pursuance of a re­
quest previously made to the P r i m e MiniaJEsT, that they were anxious to have the
attendance of Capt. Colthurst. H e (the
Attorney-GeneraP replied that, having re­
gard to the fact that C a p t . Colthurst was
shown to be insane, he would be no party
to making a n v effort of any kind to pro­
duce h i m before this Commission,. A s
regards Capt. C o l t h u r s f s present place of
incarceration, he was confined i n Broad­
moor C r i m i n a l L u n a t i c A s y l u m . H e had
j u s t given instructions t h a t the governor
of t h a t asylum should be telegraphed to
to send a certificate to that effect. There
was not a shadow of foundation for M r .
Healy's suggestion that Capt. Colthurst
was sent out of Ireland i n view of this
inquiry.
There was ample jurisdiction to
transfer a c r i m i n a l lunatic to any asylum
I n the United Kingdom.
M r . Healy—We have the honour of hav­
ing a c r i m i n a l lunatic asylum i n Dundrunv
i miles from D u b l i n .
T h e Attorney-General said C a p t . C o l
thuxst had been removed i n the public
interest.
i M r . Healy—Beyond the jurisdiction.
T h e Attorney-General—There is no foun.
d&tion whatever for Mr. Healy's suggestion
j M r J . b i m o n - Y o u went there to arrest
a m a n P - N o , sir. I t was an unknown per*bn I was told.
I found the lady there
a n d brought her out, and carried her to
Rathmines Police Station. The form said
it was an unknown person. I didn't know
whether it was a man or a woman until
I got there (laughter).
The door of the
house was opened, and the place was in
disorder.
I did not see Mrs. Sheehy Skef­
lington
The girl said she was sent, there
from Mrs. Sheehy Skeffington's at Temple
Gardens to look after the place.
Mr. Healy—May I suggest that a reooro
showing the transfer of the gallant gentle­
man to this lunatic asylum and the order
of his conviction should be put in. I have
an archaic interest i n them, and I should
like to see them.
Sir J . Simon—I am sure that from the
desire to help us the military authorities
will adopt the suggestion,
COL. M'CAMMOND
Col. M'Cammond, who commanded the
3rd R . I . Rifles at Portobello previous to
April 23rd, deposed to his having been ill
and to his return to barracks on A p r i l
29th.
He heard of the shootings from his
wife on the previous day.
Regarding a
visit to Mr. Skeffington's house by Sergeant
Claxton, witness did not give any in­
structions to have the visit made.
He
gave no instructions to have M r . Skeffing­
ton's house searched.
Mr. Healy—Having taken the view that
the prisoners were shot in the wTong, why
did you allow Capt. Colthurst to remain
i n his command.
M r . Powell submitted
this was a matter as to military discip­
line, which did not concern the treatment
of the 3 men. T h e Court overruled the
question.
Mr. Healy—When the shootings
were
reported to you were yon told Mr. Skef­
fington was taken out as a hostage?—Not
as a hostage.
I heard he had been taken
out the night before.
D i d your information include the fact
that he murdered a boy named Coad?—
No; I never heard the name Coad until 1
got to Belfast.
I understand Coad's father called to the
barracks—surely there was someone who
saw h i m ? — I don't know.
Has any investigation beyond the court
martial taken place into the deaths of
these thTee men—I want to see if there are
any documents relevant to these cases be­
yond the court martial.
Witness said
there was a court of inquiry at Belfast on
May 9.
Mr. Healy called for the documents i n
connection with that inquiry. M r . Powell
objected, -and after some discussion the
chairman directed the production of any
necessary documents.
Col. M'Cammoaid explained that the rea­
son the bricks were removed from the wall
at Portobello was that there were other
civilian prisoners being exercised there.
Major Guinness, R ' E . , concurred with
Col. M'Cammond's explanation regarding
the bricks, and said he gave instructions
in the matter.
SEARCH
A T MR. D I C K S O N ' S
Capt. Murphy, 1st R . I . F u s . , said that
on the W e d . afternoon he was detailed off
to search M r . Dickson's house in Harring­
ton St. H e had 2 officers and 25 men with
him. I n the house he found a black bag
in which there were some literature. H e
found some further literature and minia­
ture ammunition, which he put i n the bag,
and had the whole removed.
Questioned by M r . Healy, witness said
he searched two other houses on that day.
None of the three addresses he had got in­
cluded M r . Skeffington's or M r . MTntyre's
house.
" So that Dickson was the person to
whom on that date the Government fas­
tened most suspicion upon?" observed Mr.
Healy. M r . Powell objected.
I n reply to S i r J . Simon, witness said
Major Rosborough gave the order for the
search.
Lieut. Morris, again recalled 6aid he
was with the last witness when they
searched M r . Dickson's house.
Thev
brought a black bag out of the house but
the man who was carrying it was lame,
and witness told him to go to the nearest
picket, which was K e l l y s tobacco shop,
and leave the bag there.
" A N
U N K N O W N
PERSON."
Sergt. Claxtoh, 4th R . I . F u s . , stated
that the bag was kept in Kelly's shop until
Aid. K e l l y was arrested, and then it was
sent to Portobello B a r r a c k s .
On 1st May witness was at Wynnefield
road telephone exchange when a policeman
Mine to him, and said that two unknown
persons had been seen going into M r .
Skeffington's house.
Witness went to the!
house, and found a g i r l underneath the
CATHOLIC
THE
CHAPLAIN.
S H O O T I N G O F COAD.
Rev F . O'Loughlin, C . C . , Army Chaplam, Portobello, said that on the night of
A p r i l 26th he read the service at the in­
terment of Messrs. Skeffington, Dickson,
and M'Intyre. and he was present at the
exhuming of the bodies. B > certified that
the ground wae not cousecrated, so that
there was no difficulty about exhumation.
Witness was called upon to prepare
several for death, he said in reply to Mr, f
Healy, but, he added, "not the pri­
soners."
T h e deceased boy Coad (shot by Capt. Colthurst) was a member of the Holy Family
Sodality associated with witnesss parish.
He was a well-conducted youth, and at­
tended the Sodality meeting on the evening
when he was shot. T h e meeting was over
at 8.30.
M r . Powell thought this evidence was
irrelevant. " The boy Coad was murdered
in the presence of Mr. Skeffington," ob­
served M r . Healy. S i r J . Simon said the
Commissioners took a different view of the
shooting, which, it wae stated, happened
in presence of Mr. Skeffington and was con­
nected with what occurred during the last
hours of his life.
F u r t h e r questioned by M r . Healy, wit­
ness said that Coad died i n the hospital
at the barracks on the morning that the
others were shot. He did not observe that
the boy's jaw was broken, and saw no
marks on his face. He was unconscious
when witness saw h i m and incapable of
stating what had happened.
H e was
buried i n Glasnevin.
o Mr. Brennan—The first order of the
itary authorities was that the body of
Mr. wftntyre was to be exhumed by the
military, nut this was cancelled, and it
was afterwards disinterred by the under­
taker's men.
Mr. Healy—Did you lodge any complaint
that three members of your Church were
sent into eternity without a priest being
called i n P
M r . Powell—I object to that question.
Sir J . Simon—I do not think we need
go into that matter.
Mr. Healy mentioned that a Trooper
Davies, oi the Glamorganshire Regt., wrote
a newspaper description of the raid on
Mr. Skeffington's house.
Mr. Powell said that was all the evi­
dence he proposed to offer for the military
authorities.
Mr. J . Reardon, B . L . (instructed by Mr.
W . P . Triston), entered an appearance for
Aid. J . J . Kelly, in whose shop Messrs.
Dickson and M'Intyre were arrested.
S
T h e CommissloTof Inquiry into the Porte,
bello shootings sat again to-day at the
Court of Appeal, and as on the pre­
vious occasions, there was a very large
attendance of the general public.
A t the sitting of the Court,
M r J . Edelstein, who was amongst the
public, rose and s a i d ^ - S i r John, pardon
me I wish to draw your attention to a
statement i n the Press-yesterday evening s
papers.
XXJ&
T h e C h a i r m a n - J u s t hand i t up.
vve
won't have anything said about it i n pub8
^ M r . E d e l s t e i n - I wish to say I
f ^ ^
t h a t I w a s not present when A i d . Kelly
was arrested. I was present.
T h e C h a i r m a n - W i l l you hand up what
y
M
°T h
Me rC hTa idr m
d a^
" ^
n u funtil
t i l
n - W i l l you
sitw down
wa lonV a t i t —.
•
Mr. Edelstein—I shall stand.
"
T h e Chairman—Mr. Edelstein, we might
as well dispose of this thing at once. I
dare say yon will hand i n your full name.
Y o u will understand I am asking you Ques­
tions I want . iswered now. F i r s t of a l l , ,
were you present when Mr. Dickson was'
arrested on that evening?
Mr. Edelstein—No,
I WAS NOT T H E R E .
T h a C h a i r m a n - W e r e you there when
M r M'lntyre was arrested P
Mr. Edelstein—No, I was not there.
The Chairman—Did you know anything
at a l l about their arrest before it took
P l
M r . Edelstein—Not at a l l . I never knew
Dickson and never wrote for h i m . I must
do m duty to myself.
•.
T h e Chairman—We will see that is done.
Y o u really knew nothing about it at all?
Mr. Edelstein again denied that he did.
T h e Chairman—It goes without saying
you knew nothing at a l l about the arrest
of M r . Skeffington?
Mr. Edelstein—Not at a l l . I t is a l l bosh
from beginning to end, M r . Healy's state­
ment.
The
Chairman—One other
question.
Reference was made about you being a
spotter for the military. Y o u have already
denied that, and I understand i t is not
jfcrue.
Mr. Edelstein—Not at all. I simply did
what I thought my duty— got bread and
m i l k for the poor people.
Mr. Healy (handing up a document)—
A s k him, S i r John, is that hi3 writing.
The Chairman—A moment, M r . Healy.
Mr. Edelstein, you have come here i n or­
der to
Mr. Edelstein—
TO G E T J U S T I C E .
The Chairman—In order to see that there
shan't' be any reflection on you, which you
resent.
Y o u h a v j made your denial i n
open Court, and your proper course is now
to sit down, and I would ask you to do
that.
Mr. Edelstein then thanked the Chair-1
m a n and resumed his seat.
M r . Healy then asked the
chairman J
would he desire to terminate the inquiry |
if possible to-day, subject to the calling of j
Other officers.
I
The Chairman said they should be glad j
if that was possible, but their first duty
was to see that the inquiry was conducted
properly and fully within the terms of re­
ference. They should be glad by co-opera­
tion if i t was possible to secure the result.
Mr. Healy thought he could promise he
would so condense the evidence that they
would easily finish to-day.
The Chairman informed D r . Skeffington,
father of M r . Sheehy-Skeffington, that the
Commission would be glad to have h i m i n
the witness box i n case of necessity after
the evidence was over. I n the meantime
he was grateful to D r . Skeffington
for
watch i ntr the proceedings.
Mr. Healy—I would like to ask M T S .
Skeffington one or two questions.
(To
witness)—Had you i n vour house any pic­
ture of the Kaiser?—No.
B u t long before the war I believe you
had a little flag used in teaching of the
Kadeer?—Yes; 1 had it since 1906 or 1907.
I got it at a bazaar i n the country.
Y o u read a statement o.i the 2nd May
in. the London Press which said that vour
husband had been killed wearing a green
uniform while fighting for the rebels?—I
did.
And that, of course, as we know, was
tin true ?—Absolutely.
1
CAPTAIN
COLTHURST
"A Cold, C o l l e c t e d T y p e of
Englishman"
Mr*. Kettle, wife of Lieut. Professor
Kettle, and a sister of Mrs. Sheehy-Skef­
fington, was then examined by M r . P . O ' C .
White, and stated that up to the Friday
after Easter Monday her 6ister and herself
gave no credence to reports that they heard
of M r . Sheehy-Skeffington, as they appeared
to be simply outrageous fairy 'tales. On
the Friday evening they heard from an
authoritative source that he had been shot,
and she went with another sister, Mrs.
Culhane. widow of the late Taxing Master,
to Rathmines Police Station to make in­
quiries. They afterwards went to Porto­
bello Barracks and asked about their
brother, Lieut. Sheehy, of the Dublin F u s i ­
liers. They were admitted at the first
_«ate, but had some difficult - at the second.
T h e y met a junior otficeSkof the Munster*
(Fusiliers who knew their brother, and he
promised to communicate with them if fre
got any information of him. They th/m
asked about their brother-in-law, and i[he
young officer got very confused, flushed
and appeared to be very nervous—in i a c t '
chey all seemed to be very
N E R V O U S AND U P S E T
In the barracks that day. He excused him­
self and went away and consulted with
other soldiers and officers. He came and
^ V f J a l ti^es V k e
v ^nd after
about half an hour he said ho regretted
he must place them under arrest. This
was between one and two o'clock in the
~ ! » ™ ^ - The officer on beiug asked whv
said they had information that they were
eiae
? w I PThe*
*&at was absurd,
that their brother was i n the Dublin Fusi­
liers and had never be*n identified with
the Sinn F e i n P a r t y ; they were arrested
and the soldiers 6aid th&v would pla<-e tt-em
m the guard room. T h e y were marched
some distance across the barrack square
and placed i n a gyardroom. They were
halted, outside and a, young officer left them
under guard. F i v e or six officers were
there, and they re/tired to arrange, as wit­
ness thought, foe
THEIR COURT MARTIAL,
fcfter about ten, minutes Capt. Colthurst
The Chairman—As far as you could make
out he appeared to be acting as officer on
duty?—Yes.
You were taken to him as being the
proper person to deal with you ?—lyes.
I n further reply to Mr. White, witness
said there were a good many soldiers i n the
square as they were marched through.
When they came out of the square thev
went back to Mrs. Skeffington?6 house and
told her of the interview, and that all
information was refused.
Mr. White—You 6 a w the state of Mrs.
Skeffington's house after the raids:—Yes.
1 went to stay with Mrs. Skeffington on
Saturday, the day after the raid, because
her servant had left terrified. The house
was open and anyone might enter, but of
course it was really the safest house in
Rathmines.
The. Chairman said that Mrs. Skeffington
had given a very clear account of this, and
Mr. JPowell didn't find anything in it to
challenge, so that they took it as an ac­
curate account.
Mr. Healy—Then that will dispense us
from calling Mrs. Culhane?
The Chairman—Yes.
" Unless, of course^" added M r . Healy,
" that this young officer should challenge
the statement."
The Chairman—Of course.
t h a t
s a i d
came out. He was a cold, collected type
of Englishman (laughter).
There was a
peculiar, cruel look which goes with the
unimaginative nature.
The Chairman—I think you had better
tell us what he did.
i Witness—In view of the evidence at the
j court martial I think it better to give you
my impression.
I n further evidence the witness said they
asked for Lieut. Sheehy as a pretence for
getting information about Mr. SheehySkeffington.
D.M.P,
WITNESS
Who W a s A s k e d to R a i s e H i s
Voice
T H E O R D E R — E Y E S RIGHT I
P r i s o n e r s Ordered Not to
Look R o u n d "
" W e also said," continued the witness,
"that we wished to know something about
Mr. Sheehy-Skeflington, and he 6aid, ' I
know nothing whatever about Mr. SheehySkeffington.' T h i s was on the Friday fol­
lowing the Wednesday about 2 o'clock in
the afternoon. T h e young officer
LOOKED UNEASY.
Mr. White—When he said he knew no­
thing about Mr. Skeffington were the other
officers within hearing?—There was no
other officer except the young officer and
the armed escort. The young officer w a 6
standing close by. He looked uneasy and
muttered something, and my sister went
on to say, " That is strange, as we have
definite information that Mr. Skefiington
was arrested and brought to Portobello,
and, as a matter of fact, we heard this
morning on good authority
HE HAS B E E N SHOT."
The young officer then said something to
Capt. Colthurst sotto voce, and Capt. Col­
thurst then said, " There is no information
concerning M r . Skeffington available, and
, the sooner you leave the barracks the
i better."
Chairman—Are .you quite 6ure that i n
answer to the first question he 6 a i d he
knew nothing about Mr. Skeffington?—
Absolutely certain. T h e n , she continued,
there was a n order given to have the
"prisoners" conducted back. On the way
back my sister and I were speaking and
Captain Colthurst sent a soldier
after us to forbid the prisoners to
speak. We were ordered not to look
around us—to have our eyes right
was ths order
(laughter). T h e escort of soldiers conducted
us to the gate, and there the officer dis­
missed the guard and conducted us him­
self to the tramway line. There we were
told we were not to reveal anything we had
seen or heard.
Sir John Simon directed that an inquiry
be made as to who were the officers on
duty at the main guard at 1.30 p.m. on the
Friday. He asked the witness if she was
sure the 2nd-Lieut. belonged to the Munster Fusiliers.
Witness—My sister remembered that he
had a green
S H A M R O C K ON H I S C A P .
1
Station Sergeant Murphy, D.M.P.. R a t h ­
mines Station, said he had no record i n his
books of Sergeant Claxton, the witness
examined on the second day of the pro­
ceedings, getting any instructions from the
police a / "Rathmines about arresting a per­
son at the house of Mrs. Sheehy-Skeffing­
ton.
Mr. JEJealy, K . C . — T h e n his statement is
untrue^F-He certainly got no direction as
stated.. There is no record i n the books
of it.
DirV.he bring to the barracks a little maid
servant?—Yes.
W h a t statement did he make to you
when he gave her into your custody?—He
sand he found her at 11 Grosvenor place,
the residence of Mrs. Sheehy-Skeffington.
The witness gave his evidence i n a low
fpoice, and the difficulty of hearing h i m
/caused Lord Justice Molony to remark
that they expected a louder voice i n the
D.M.P. He asked witness
TO R A I S E H I S V O I C E .
Mr. ilealy—Especially as they are looking
for a rise of pay (laughter).
To further questions by M r . Healy, wit­
ness ;aid that Sergeant Claxton, when he
brought the little girl to the station, gave
no reason for asking that she be kept in
prison. He didn't say he got her
UNDER T H E TABLE.
She was kept in custody from the Mon­
day until half-past four on the 6th of May,
when she was discharged by order of the
Provost Marshal.
Mr. Healy—Can you corroborate the
statement that you had no means of feed­
ing the girl for the first few days?—That
is so.
• '
And then did you get food for her from
the military?—No-, we kept her at our own
expense, l" think she had no complaint to
make in that respect.
Did Mis. Sheehy-Skeffington or her 6ister
come to you to try and get the little girl
discharged?—! eaw Mrs. Kettle in the
avenue leading to the station.
Replying to M r . Powell, K . C . , witness
said that red forms wero used at the sta­
tion for sending messages, and several of
these red forms were sent from the police
Hia militarv. These mefsaees would be!
sent as the result of information receivea
from the public at the station.
Lord Justice Molony—tiut before you
sent out
T H E S E R E D FORMS
you noted everything in the occurrence
book?—It would be noted and a copy kept.
^ To the Chairman—Witness was Station
Sergeant, and produced the book contain­
ing the messages.
Mr. Powell. K . C . — A s I understand, some
members of the public went into the police
station conveying some information which
was recorded?—Yes.
And that might apply to any police
station?—Yes.
You have no record of this particular
ease:—No. 1 won't say no such message
was sent.
suppose there
99,
fusion ?—Yes.
was a good deal of con­
M r . Healy, K . C . — D i d this girl tell you
that she was first brought to Portobello
Barracks and searched?—No.
T h e Chairman—Sergt. Claxton stated
that he sent the red form by an orderly
to Portobello Barracks.
M r . Healy ©aid the course he purposed
taking was to call a couple of prisoners
who were in the cell i n the barracks—a
couple who would give evidence regarding
the murder of the young man Coade, and
one or two witnesses,
I N C L U D I N G MAJOR V A N E ,
as to the arrest.
T h e Chairman—As to Coade, we think
we ought to - hear evidence so far as it
bears on Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington's case,
and it does bear on it, but we do not
think we need have it i n too much detail.
Christopher Kearney, examined by M r .
Healy, K . C . , said he was employed at the
camp at the Curragb. On Easter Monday
afternoon he was trying to get to 127
Rathmines road.
Were you stopped by the soldiers and
arrested?—Yes.
Y o u had done nothing to warrant that
arrest?—Nothing whatever.
And the result was that yon found your­
self i n a cell i n Portobello Barracks. At
what hour were you taken into the celh;;—
A t about 6 o'clock.
T h a t was on Monday?—Yes.
Y o u were engaged i n some way at the
Curragh?—Yes.
A t the camp?—Yes, I was working for
the military at the Curragh.
And on that account you were persistent
or anxious to get back and through the
soldiers ?—Yes, and i n trying to
pass
through I was arrested.
IN T H E C E L L S
W i t n e s s ' s S t o r y of S h o t s in the
Square
Proceeding, witness said he was put into
the cells about 6 o'clock. Two other men—
Boland and Gaynor—were in the cells at
that time. M r . Sheehy-Skeffington was net
in his cell that night.
I n fact, afterwards were Mr. Dickson and
Mr.
M'lntyre
brought
in?—Not
till
Tuesday.
Y o u were kept there until Wednesday
morning?—I was kept until the following
Friday.
T h a t was a treat (laughter). I come to
the Tuesday. On that morning did you
see Captain Colthurst for the first time?—
Yes.
Was that the morning the handcuffs
were put on Boland ?—Yes.
Who put them on him?—Capt. Colthurst,
or at least he gave orders.
Witness continued to
say
that Mr.
Sheehy-Skeffington was brought into the
detention room where witness was on Tues­
day night.
Did you hear him say anything?—Hf
wanted a message sent to his wife about
his arrest.
Did they refuse to send it?—Yes, at thai
time. He ma do repeated efforts to get the
door opened, and he could not get any
answer.
Did h" complain to the other prisoners
of the uneasiness his wife would be un­
der?—Yes. Tho conversation was e;°neral
amongst the prisoners.
Did a soldier come to Mr. Sheehy-Skef­
fington after he had repeatedly knocked
at the door?—Yes.
Did you hear Mr. Sheehy-Skemngton say
anythirg to the soldier?—He asked him
woul'i he take
A MESSAGE TO H I S W I F E ,
and the soldier made some reply I could
not catch. M r . Skeffington
then
said:
" W i l l you tell your superior officer ?" I did
not hear what the soldier said. T h a t was
about 9.30 o'clock. I told them I was em­
ployed at the Curragh. A few minute-:
after the conversation took place Mr. Skef­
fington was removed from the detention
room. I never saw him afterwards. Dick­
son and Maclntyre, continued witness, were
brought in about midnight.
Had you a conversation with Dickson
and Maclntyre?—On Wednesday-morning
Dickson told us how he was arrested outJust tell us what he said. He said he
was talking outside with Miss Kelly and
the assi-tant, and the
military tame
of Poi
th
direr
a bomb or something was thrown at the
place, and they rushed down into the
kitchen or cellar and were arrested there.
Did he say anything about his news­
paper or proclamation?—Yes; he said he
was after going down and getting the
King's proclamation printed in his paper,
and also an article advising the people to
remain indoors.
Did he say that as soon as the Govern­
ment got to know that, he would be dis­
charged?—He was full sure he would be
released, and so was Mr. M'lntyre.
What did he say?—That when'they saw
the proclamation i n his paper he
W O U L D BE D I S C H A R G E D .
He was a loyal subject and anxious and
determined to show himself such?—Yes;
he thought that would prove his loyalty.
1 gather that he intended to print it in
a special edition?—Yes.
What did Mr. M'lntyre say?—He said
he would refer them to Sir John Irwin as
to bis loyalty, and he would got him out.
Mr. Healy remarked that Sir John Irwin
was prominently connected with recruiting
in Dublin. Counsel asked witness if he
heard the prisoners questioned by any
officer.
Witness—No, sir. He further stated that
an inventory was taken of property found,
on the prisoners. Sergeant Maxwell was
present at the time.
Mr. Healy asked for its production.
Mr. Powell said he would make inquiries
about it.
Answering Mr. Healy, witness said the
prisoners got the same food as the military. \
Dickson and%l'Intyre were taken out from
the presence of other prisoners shortly
after breakfast on the Wednesday morning.
The Chairman—They were there from
midnight, and had not been taken out in
the meantime?—No, sir, c.icept to wash;
we were a l l taken out to wash.
Mr. Healy—Poor Dickson said it was not
worth while to go and wash, as he thought
he would be released. (To witness)—Tell us
how they came to be called out of the de­
tention
room ?—Shortly utter breakfast
they were called out. I thought they were
going to be released. I just heard the
names " D i c k s o n and M ' l n t y r e " called
out, and they
BOTH S T E P P E D
CUT.
Did you ever sec them again ?—I never
saw them after that.
On thi6 important particular I want you
to answer truthfully. After Dickson and
M'lntyre were taken out, did you hear any­
thing?—1 heard a report.
" S h o t s ? " asked Mr. Healy, and the
witness replied that ho did not know the
difference between shots and a volley.
The Ohairman—It is perfectly plain that
the shooting of these three unhappy men
took place at the same time.
Mr. Healy—We do not agree.
Mr. Skeffington was called out by
himself and shot by himself, and
afterwards Dickson and M'lntyre
were shot by themselves.
The Chairman—If it is disputed vou are
quite within your rights in asking about it.
Mr. Healy (to witness)—Can you assist
the tribunal in any way on that point in
support or in opposition to what I say?—I
heard a shot, then in about ten minutes
afterwards I heard another.
I went to
where I could hear better i n a corner, and
I heard, "Ready, present, fire," and there
was a shot again.
Witness said the noise of the shots pro­
ceeded apparently from the yard outside.
He heard scruhbing and washing going on
afterwards for nearly two hours. He only
saw Capt. Colthurst once, and that was on
the
Tuesday, morning.
Mr.
SheehySkeffington and two men named Gaynor
and Cowles were in the detention room
with him. Witness was not present when
Dickson was searched, but Dickson told
him he was searched and that a cheque for
£IQ and a pound note were
T A K E N FROM H I M .
M r . Healy, K . C . — A t any time did you
see ropes or irons put around Mr. Sketfington ?—No.
SOLITARY
CONFINEMENT
F o r P r i s o n e r Who M a d e a
Complaint
W i l l i a m Boland, an ex-soldier, and a
resident of Dublin, stated he was arrested
by the military at the corner of Cuffe
street and Wexford street on Easter Mon­
day between 1 and 2 o'clock.
He was
taken to Portobello Barracks. There h i s
macintosh, outside coat, and vest were
taken off, and he was placed i n a cell,
where there was another prisoner alreadv.
Witness rang the bell for his clothes, and
tie was
PUT
IN
HANDCUFFS.
^ext morning Capt. Colthurst came into;
he cell—the handcuffs having been taken
jff in the meantime—and asked had they j
my complaints. This was put to the priso-J
lers generally, and the others answered!
' N o , s i r . " Witness said, " Y e s , s i r , " andj
ae went on to complain about being beaten.
Capt. Colthurst thereupon shortened thel
j r i p on his stick as if about to strike, and I
said:
The less complaints you make
!
about the military the better. Put
the handcuffs on him and put him
i
in solitary confinement.
Mr. Healy—On Tuesday, when did you I
first see Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington?—On Tues-1
rlay I was all alone in the cell. About!
dusk I went asleep on the plank bed. I
was asleep for some time when I was
rudely awakened and told to get up and
bring my blankets with me. I went out
under escort of a sergeant and some sol-!
diers.
Passing through the guardroom 11
saw Mr. Skeffington standing with his
;
HANDS B E H I N D HIS BACK.
I never saw him again.
C a n you tell me where he was standing?
—In front of the table. There were some
soldiers sitting at the table, apparently
interrogating him.
W<is that in the guardroom?—Yes, s i r ;
there were accoutrement and equipment
about.
How long were you in the Army?—About
eight years.
flow soon after that were Mr. M'lnityre
nnd Mr. Dickson brought in?—About an
hour or an hour and a half.
Did they say anything when they came
n?—They were not inclined to talk, but
hey told us who they were, and we
diared our blankets with them.
I n the morning did they speak?—Yes.
;ir. I recognised Dickson, whom I used
o see nearly every day.
The man spoke with a Scotch accent?—I
hink so—or a Jewish accent (laughter). I
on Id not say which.
Did Dickson say anything to you in the
norning?—He told us generally the circum­
stances of his arrest, but he gave a
more detailed account to me. He said
himself and M'lntyre were standing out­
side Aid. Kelly's shop talking to a girl—
the assistant. They saw the military com­
ing in single file from the direction of Por­
tobello Bridge
They fired a volley in
t h e i r direction.
Thev (Dickson and M ' l n ­
tyre) rushed in, and 1 am not quite clear
whether he said they closed the door. Thev
RUSHED INTO T H E K I T C H E N , ' '
and there was a bomb thrown at the door.
The military then rushed down into the
kitchen and arrested them. /
Did they say the military threw the
bomb?—Yes, i r . I think he said the girl
was slightly wounded.
H
Did Dickson # y anything about the
proclamation in his paper?—He said that
he had been about getting out a Stop Prats,
advising the people to keep indoors and
eotif/.rm to the military regulations.
Did he say anything about expecting his
releaser—Oh, yes. He was quite confident
—both wore.
They mentioned Sir John
I r w i n and other important people,
The Chairman remarked that this was
not challenged, and they entirely accepted
it.
M r . Healv said the point was, that if
they said this to the prisoners, how much
more did they say to the military.
p.—tefe
* ANOTHER F E L L O W GONE
"Sergeant,
That
M a n Is Not
Dead*
T o further questions witness said that
hey were all called out before breakfast
D take an inventory of the property of
he prisoners. Sergeant Maxwell and a
oung officer, a lieutenant, were doing this
, iuty. After breakfast there was fcomething
about washing, and one of the prisoners
i^aid it would not be worth while washing
—that they were getting out. The whole
group of prisoners were talking when
,
A V O L L E Y RANG O U T .
Dickson and M'lntyre must have heard the
volley.
Some of fhctee present said that
probably it was some fool of a soldier who
had let the shot oh*. There had been no
tiring about the place previously that
morning.
Mr. Healy—Was the volley .you heard in
the yard outside?—Yes, sir.
How ionp; was it until Dickson and
M'lntyre were called out?—About a minute
or two minutes. I t would not be more than
five minutes.
When they were called out did you hear
any protest or voice?—No, 6 i r ; but some of
us began to get suspicious, and somebody
said, " Some poor fellow gone," but
were not quite sure.
Witness, describing further what hap­
pened, said—I heard the military falling
in and the rattiing of accoutrements. I
heard the order, " (Jut into the yard," and
presently I heard marching round the yard.
I followed the sound, and it went down
to the bottom of the yard.
How soon after that did the volley go?—
Immediately afterwards, and it was in the
yard outside where the first volley went
off.
Did you hear any further noise in the
yard?—After the second volley I heard an
officer's voice who was very much in charge
of the guard saying:
" S E R G E A N T , T H A T MAN IS NOT
DEAD."
What happened then?—Another volley
rang out.
H Q W soon after the words, "Sergeant,
that man is not dead," did the third volley
resound?—A minute or a little more.
Now I want you to be specially exact as
to W h a t interval elapsed between
the
second and third volley?—Less than two
minutes.
After that did you hear noises?—Yes;
the sound of buckets of water and bass
brooms.
When was that?—About three o'clock.
Did you afterwards see the
bullet
marks?—1 did not count them, but on the
right of the wall there were about six
bricks—battered—that was at the height
of Sheehy-Skeffington, and about the same
number of marks about the height of Dick­
son, and six or
EIGHT BRICKS BATTERED
at the height of Maclntyre.
When you say battered you mean in­
dented ?—Yes.
What regiment were you attached to?—
The 18th Eoyal I r i s h Regiment.
Mr. Towell, K . C . — T h e 18th Royal Irish
Regiment ?—Yes.
How many years' service had you?—
Eight.
When were you discharged?—In 1905.
Mr. Healy K.C.—Have you got your
character?—Yes; " V e r y good, sober, and
steady."
Mr, Powell—There was only a minute or
two between the second and third volley?—
Less than two minutes.
,
The Chairman—Were you present when
the last witness gave his evidence?—Yes.
Did you hear him say that when Dickson
and M'lntyre were called out you all
thought that they were called out to be
released?—"fef..
Did you think so yourself ?—I cannot say.
There were'a lot of theories in mv myid.
T h a t is already what Kearney 6aid?—
Yes.
; •
" • • A M do you say that that wfts fmmediately after you heard the volley in the
yard?—A few minutes.
You- thought they were going out to be
released ?—That was one of the suggestions;
Was it after you heard the first volley
you say you were listening at the door?—
Yes.
And then you heard the tramp of men ?—
Yes.
You were listening all the time?—Yes.
You heard a voice saying, "Out to the
yard"?—Yes.
Did that happen hetween the first and
second or the second and third volley?—
Between the first and second.
And was it following that you heard the
tramp?—Yes, going out to the yard.
You heard some one say, "Sergeant, this
man is not dead" ?—Y'es, between
the
second and third volley.
The Chairman—W e would like to be per­
fectly clear of one other thing. The last
witness was not able to sav that Dickson
and M'lntyre were fn the detention room
at the time the first volley was fired?—He
was not quite sure.
But you say they wore in the room?—To
the best of my memory.
When you went out in the afternoon
to the yard and looked at the bricks you,
as an old soldier, would be able to see the
marks?—I went out for the purpose.
Were there any marks at a l l showing
that there had been shots at somebody
lying on tho ground?—I could not saythat.
I n reply to Mr. Healy, witness stated
he was detained for about ten or twelve
days. On the following Sunday he heard
some hammering in the yard as if brick­
laying was going on.
The Chairman 6aid he had a list of the
persons who were detained, and on looking
through it he found they were all ac­
counted for. There was no que^j|«n of any
of the persons in the list having been shot
except the three individuals.
Mr. Healy—That is only one morning's
list (laughter).
The Chairman (sharply)—Mr. Healy,
please don't make au observation of that
sort. I am trying to act fairly as between
everybody. I am pointing out, and it
is important we should clearly understand
it, that the people who were in the deten­
tion room that morning are all accounted
for.
Laurence Byrne, 7 Mountpleasant ave­
nue, Rathmines, examined by Mr. Healy,
stated that on Easter Monday night he
was at Richmond H i l l .
He was with
James Coade and a man. nampd Keogh.
A party of soldiers came on the scene, and
Captain Colthurst. who was i n charge,
asked
them
what
they
were
doing
out at that hour of the night. Witness
gave him an explanation. Thev said they
were going home, and gave their names
and addresses.
Coade was smoking a
cigarette, and Captain Colthurst seemed to
he vexed with him for smoking. He told
Coade to take the d
cigarette out of his
mouth, and Coade threw it down. Captain
Colthurst then asked: " Do you know mar­
tial law is proclaimed?" Witness told him
he did not know what martial law meant.
Captain Colthurst then turned and said:
T
" BASH H I M ! "
and struck him on the jaw with the buttend of his rifle.
Before he struck him, did Coade or any
one of the others give any impudence to
the officer?—None whatever.
Anyone who said so would not be accu­
rate?—That is rhjht. Witness continued
to say that Keogh get off hi6 bicycle ami
went off in one direction, while witness and
Coade proceeded towards Rathmines. W hen
about half- "ay across the road witness SAW
a fla«h of tire, and then Coade put up his
hand to his back.
The Chairman—He was hit?—He was. •
He dropped ?—Yes, and he roared out for
me.
r
w
"DISTRESSING
INCIDENT"
C h a i r m a n a n d the Shooting of
Coade
The Chairman said it was a very dis­
tressing incident, and they wished to spare
the relatives the painful details.
What
was important was that shots were tired,
they knew by whom, the boy was badly
hurt and dropped; he was taken to hospi­
tal, and whatever else happened
they
seemed to have dons their best for him
there.
M r . Healy 6aid the family were more
distressed and greatly surprised to hear
the suggestion that Coade used blasphemy
or improper language after coming out of
church.
The Chairman—This young man seemed
a careful, truthful witness, and quite dis­
tinctly states that it was not used.
Mr. Healy said he would call a witness
i n corroboration of that.
A young man named William Devin
stated
he
heard
part
of
a
con-,
versation between a tall officer
and •
Coade and the two other young fellows.
Two others came up on the other side, and
he asked were they with the three, and
they said no. The officer took out a re­
volver; there w as one shot. One of the
chaps went off on a bicycle, another ran
oft by the side of the wall. Immediately
after he fired the shot the officer stood
in front of the soldiers and gave the
ORDER, "QUICK MARCH."
Witness went over immediately and saw
young Coade lying i n front ol Behan's,
the photographers.
Mr. Healy—Did you bear any insolence
or bad language used by Coade to the
officer?—Absolutely not.
The Chairman said the evidence as to
the officer having used a revolver was i n
conflict with the testimony of the military
witnesses.
Mr. Henry—Did you see Coade hit with
the butt of the rifle?—No.
How far was Coade away from the
officer?—Ten yards.
Mr. John Hughes, Kenilworth Square,
said that as he turned round the Rath­
mines road a revolver was pointed at his
head by the tall officer. He afterwards saw
the latter—afterwards identified as Capt.
Colthurst—aiming straight at a man, who
fell.
Witness wanted to make • i t quite
clear that the man did not r u n away. H e
walked away like a gentleman.
Replying to Mr. Henry, the witness 6aid
there might have been a previous conver­
sation between the officer and the man who
was shot, but he did not see any.
;
"I
WAS
THREATENED"
Mr. E d e l s t e i n A s k s
for
"Fair
Play"
After the luncheon interval M r . Edel­
stein, rising in the body of the court, 6aid
he wished to make a statement.
The chairman told h i m there was no­
thing which required him (Edelstein) to
interpose again.
Mr. Edelstein—I must defend myself.
Before coming into the court this after­
noon I was threatened
Chairman—Now. if yaq have anything
to say on that sueject you can communi­
cate with the police, who will give you
ample protection.
I f you have anything
to say to the Commission you must write
it down.
Mr. Edelstein—I simply ask for fair
play.
Chairman—Everybody w i l l get that, I
hope.
A witness named Gaynor was called and
questioned by the chairman.
He said
he was brought to Portobello Barracks on
the evening of Monday and placed i n a
cell, afterwards being taken into the de­
tention room. O n the morning of Wednes­
day he saw the deceased men, Dickson and
M'lntyre. He saw them being taken out,
and afterwards he heard three shots or
volleys. The first shot was fired about a
second or so before the other two.
The Chairman said it seemed perfectly
plain that there were three shots.
Whe­
ther the first shooting occurred before
Dickson and M'lntyre were called out of
the room was a
VERY D I F F E R E N T MATTER.
Mr. Healy—May I say I opened
the
matter with considerable doubt myself, be­
cause. I don't think we have had the facts
f of the shootings at all.
i The Chairman—We are very grateful to
I you, Mr. Healy, because this is a matter
we ought to inquire into very carefully.
M r . Healy—I suggest that you should
send for the other man whom we have
been unable to get into touch with. Con­
tinuing, Mr. Healy said he was now going
to call two witnesses to prove that Coade
was wjjunded. in_the head.
94
c
a
d
e
w
a
?
n
p
x
t
- «.v i ;
caTTrd. She paid
that she prof word of the death of her boy
in the Portobello hospital on the Tuesday
night. She saw him dead in the hospital.
Mis head wag then bandaged, and when the
body was brought home she saw a wound
on the left side of the head.
Miss Julia Byrne, sister of Mr. Bvrne
who was examined as to the attack on
Coade, stated she saw the body when it
was brought home. Coade's head was then
bandaged round and there was a wound on
the face. I t was not a gunshot wound ; it
seemed to be from the blow the boy got—a
bruise.
Miss Mary Bridget Kelly, examined bv
Mr. White, stated that she was a sister of
Aid. Kelly. She remembered M'Intyre and
Dickson coming to the house on the Tues­
day night. Mr. M'Intyre was there all the
evening—from about 6 oclock.
H e came
for an interview with her brother about
some article about
INDIAN
STUDENTS.
Mr. Dickson arrived about twenty minutes
to eleven o'clock. They Were standing on
the path—the assistant," the maid, and wit­
ness—when Mr. Dickson came up.
They
heard the military coming over Portobello
bridge, and they went to the corner to see
where they were going. M'Intyre was in
the shop with M r . Lyons and witness's
brother at that time.
Dickson ran in before he heard the
shooting?—Yes. they fired in from
the
street, and we
went downstairs, and
Michael Brennan remained in, and there
was a bomb fired.
A bomb web fired?—Yes.
Who- threw the bomb?—The m i l i t a r y ;
thpre was no one else.
Where was the bomb thrown?—Through
tin" stock room window next the shop.
Was the door shut?—The hall-door was,
and they forced it open with a bayonet.
T h e captain said : " I s there a telephone,"
and witness came up to show him where it
was, and the maid said to come back.
The captain then s a i d :
• A N O T H E R BOMB FOR U P S T A I R S . "
Witness said there was no one upstairs to
romp «lown. The lieutenant had a bomh
n hit hand when he came downstairs. T h e
li''itenant s a i d : Hands up," and said there
were i'oin- men on the premises.
Was any reference made as to Dickson?,
—Vet..
W h a t was it?—The officer said, " I s that
man sitting.-" and the reply he got was
thai he was not sitting—he was a deformed
plan.
T h a t was Dickson?—Yes.
What then happened?—The lieutenant
went up and brought the captain dewn,
and the captain shouted " Hands up, down
there."
Anvthing more?—Yes; he added? " Bemtjmber 1 can shoot you a l l like dogs.
Martial law is proclaimed, and I can do
it, as 1 already shot men i n the street
before
I
came
here." T h e
captain
then
asked
lor
the
names
of
the
men,
and
M'Intyre
said
he
was
the editor of the "Searchlight/* and
the captain ?aid: "Another rebel ppper."
Mr. M'Intyre said " No, it was a loyal
paper."
T h e captain then said if die
;i irred or did anything to "shoot him as
a dog." He then said " Arrest these four
men," and spoke of martial law being pmclaimed. Witness said the trunk referred
to was brought in by a lame soldier, and
« soldier beside witness asked who was
that, aad the reply was: " I am the Prince
of Wales—wounded home from the front"
(laughter). T h e bag was handed over the
i t the man eaid he was " T h o
• tage Mr. Edelstein again interornunuea e roni r»ge oi
.T. Kelly, i n evidence, dis- •
Aid.
c l a i m e d anv participation i n the re6 o the Tuesday M'Tntyxe
hellion
dined w i t h h i m . 'There was no sniping
fr*vm bis house. H e had no knowledge
of the trunk belonging to D i c k i o n being
ionnd on h i s premises.
Describing *>he raid, on his shop, witn»ioe said he went out for fruit, ami
when returning saw 20 or 30 men i n
front of hi* shop. They iired a,volley
into the draw.ugrooni. and threw
bomb into the etoek room.
H e was arrested by Major V a n e en
Wednesday evening. He owed h i s life
to Major V a n e . Major Rosborough, and
Adjutant Morgan.
' Thi» concluded the evidence.
M r . Healv then said he wished-*©nut i n some correspondence as evi­
dence.
„ .-.
Tho Commission of Inquiry into the Porto­
bello shooting; resumed its sittings i n
the Court of Appeal, F o u r Courts, to­
day.
T h e throng of people who awaited the
opening of the door was a testimony
to the enormous and growing interest
in the proceedings.
Mrs. Sheehy-Skeffington came into court
accompanied by her little son.
As on the former occasions, the Crown was re­
presented by the Attorney-General and Mr. Cusack
(Instructed by the Chief Crown Solicitor); Mr. T.
M. Healy, K . C . M.P., Mr. P. O'C. White, and Mr.
Sheehy (instrncted by Mr. l.emass) appeared for
Mrs. Sheehy-Skeffington; Mr. T. M. Healy,
K.C. (instructed by Mossrs. Webb and Webb),
lor tho relatives of Mrs. Dickson; Mr. J . B.
Powell and Mr. E . A. Payne (instructed by Messrs.
Phannon and Co.) for the military authorities; Mr.
T. W. Brown (instructed by G. Byrne and Co.) for
Major Rosborough and Lieut. Morgan; Mr. Bren­
nan, solr., Wexford, for the family of the late Mr.
M'Intyre; Mr. Jas. Rearden (instructed by Mr.
Triston) for Alderman J . J . Kelly.
"TERRIBLY GRAVE
CHARGE*
Mr. E d e l s t e l n A s k s to G i v e
Evidence
A t the sitting of the Court
M r . J . Edelstein, rising i n the body of
the court, s a i d : S i r John, I desire to ask
you to give me a chance of giving evidence
to-day.
T h e Chairman—Well, M r . Edelstein, we
t h i n k we 6 h a l l a t some stage require to
hear you.
M r . Edelstein—Verbally
T h e Chairman—We cannot: do more than
pay we s h a l l expect to hear you at the
proper time, but we s h a l l ask you again.
M r . Edelstein—Thanks,
T h e Attorney-General—Might I say with
regard to t h a t I , of course, a m not con­
cerned i n any shape or form with any of
these parties.
My friend, M r . Healy,
does not obscure h i s meaning when he
wishes to be plain, but I rather gather
'from the questions he put with regard to
this gentleman who has intervened that
the suggestion is that this M r . E d e l ­
stein
was
i n some way the insti­
gator, or was responsible, for the action
of Captain Bowen-CJolthurst with regard to
t h i s M r . Dickson. W e l l , that* of course,
i s a terribly grave charge, and I suggest
to you, s i r , and the members of your
Commission that not only have you
NO J U R I S D I C T I O N
t » go into it, but you have no materials;
and as far as I eee i t stands i n this way.
T h e suggestion has been made by my
friend M r . H e a l y ; it has been contradicted
in open Court by the person referred to,
a n d if i t is to be followed up further it
seems to me that neither is this the
tribunal nor have you got any jurisdiction
under the terms or your reference.
T h o Chairman—You see, there is a 6 i i g ?estion—at present we do not know, but
ater on we shall know, whether there is
foundation for it—that this individual was
resent a t the time when Dickson and
t'Intyre were arrested.
M r . Healy—No; when Alderman K e l l y
was arrested.
M r . Edelstein—I was not there.
T h e Chairman—The reason
wanted to
hear Mr. Edelstein was that we wanted to
ask h i m whether he was present when
th^se two men were arrested
M r . Edelstein—I was not.
T h e C h a i r m a n — I a m not asking you.
I f you are to remain i n Court you
MUST REMAIN S I L E N T
until the time comes when you are asked.
T h a t was the suggestion which was made.
W e shall have to nave it investigated. We
shall have nothing whatever to do w i t h !
the arrest of Aid. K e l l y or with thej
treatment of anybody except these three j
individuals who most unhappily were 6 h o t ,
and i t is because of that we want to ascer-'
tain whether M r . Edelstein was present
wh<=n these two prisoners were arrested,
especially as we have not got any evidence
as to what happened after they were ar- j
rested, and i t was desirable he should be;
here.
f
E
T h e Attorney-General—My friend, Mr
Healy, has quite fairly stated he does not
suggest he was present at the arrest of
either of these men, and i t seems to me
you w i l l be embarkin gon a very wide
T h e Chairman—You will understand wr
have made it plain that our terms of re­
ference certainly don't permit us to in­
quire into the treatment of parties other
than the three persons arrested, and I
know he will confine himself to what are
our terms of reference.
INQUIRY
AT
BELFAST
S t a t e m e n t by Capt.
Read
Colthurst
T h e Attorney-General—I quite under­
stand that.
T h e Chairman—That is all we can do.
W e will have to hear M r . Healy and the
jints he wants to make. Mr. Healy (connued the chairman), you will remember
when we rose yesterday the military autho­
rities, through Mr. Powell, promised to see
whether there was not any further ma­
terial such as you suggested would be
R E L E V A N T TO T H I S I N Q U I R Y ,
and Mr. PowelU i n accordance with that
suggestion, has sent me the material which
is available. I am glad to be able to feH
you. I t has been produced, and there is
o n i matter you ought to know at once.
There is a further statement by Captain
Colthurst, and, of course, I need not tell
you you 6hall 6ee it. T h i s statement was
made by Captain Colthurst at a court of
inquiry assembled at tho Victoria Bar
racks, Belfast, on the 10th May, 1916. I
also have here a summary of evidence
taken at the court m a r t i a l . '
Mr. Healy—That I have been supplied
with.
Except for this statement, as far as
he (the chairman) understood, thero w,is
no other statement taken or made.
T h e Chairman proceeded to read thr
statement made by Captain Bowen Colt- '
hurst at the court martial in Victoria Bar
racks, Belfast, in which he said that on !
the evening of Tuesday, 25th April, miO.
he was officially informed that martial law
was declared in Dublin, his informant
being the Garrison Adjutant. On the same
evening a prisoner named Sheehy Skeffing,
ton was brought into the guard room at j
Portobello Barracks, Dublin, and a state­
ment had been made by Lieut. Morris that
tba prisoner was seen
E
4
ADDRESSING A CROWD.
Kxia orisoner was searched, and incrimi­
nating documents were found on him. A t ,
11 p.m. on the same night he was ordered
to search Mr. Kelly's premises, and he
proceeded 'there with twenty men. On
the way they were fired on. I n the pre­
mises were two men—M'Intyre and Dickson
—and as they were not in their own homes
and could not give a satisfactory account
of themselves they were brought to the
barracks and contined i u the guardroom.
The guardroom was no*; suibcieutly secure
for the confinement of these three pri­
soners, and rescue from outside would have
been easy. Ho regarded all three as being
desperate men. On tho 25th and 26th he
had learned of the massacre of police and
soldiers i n Dublin, and there were rumours
that an attack and massacre of troops in
tho barracks were contemplated. He was
told that 600 prisoners had been released
from Oldeastle, were armed by the rebels,
and were marching on Dublin; that the
rebels held depots for tho supply of am­
munition ; and there was danger from the
fact that the barracks only contained 600
men. There were numerous refugees, in­
cluding wounded officers and men, i n the
barracks.
I t was known to the rebels
that these three prisoners were i n the
barracks, and he had
F E A R S FOR T H E I R R E S C U E .
There were rumours of a large American'
landing i n Galway, and he had no know­
ledge of the possibility of the reinforce­
ment of troops from England. H e had no j
sleep on the 25th, and on the morning of
the 26th he was exhausted and unstrung,
and took the gravest view of the situation.
H e thought it clearly his duty to prevent
the rescue of these prisoners, and
he
thought he had the power under martia'
law, and felt i t clearly his duty, -to order
these men to be shot. Major Leatham in­
formed him Dickson and M'Intyre were
dangerous characters
As reference w W
tn&de x<Tn statement "made by Lieut Mor­
ris that Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington had been
seen addressing a crowd, the Chairman
continued, it was only right to read that
part of his statement, fie stated that he
was i n charge of the picket at Portobello
Bridge from 6 p.m. on the 25th April until
6 a.m. on the 26th April. About 7 p.m.
on the 25th numerous groups were seen to­
wards the northern end of Itathmines, aDd
apparently, listening to speeches, although
there was a large friendly crowd—friendly
towards
the military—the
Chairman
remarked—at the bridge, there
were
rumours of an attack by the rebels, and he
(Lieut. Morris) thought this was possible
from his own observations o,n the neigh­
bouring roofs. At 7.'50 'be was warned of
the approach of a man named P . SheehySkeffington, who, to the officer's own. know­
ledge, was one of the leaders of the rebels.
He approached the post
WALKING
HEALY'S
STATEMENT
" C o n c e r n e d Solely w i t h
Irish
Regiments"
Mr. Healy then rose to open the pro­
ceedings on behalf of the families of
Messrs. Skeffington and Dickson and said
it became his duty to lay before the court
certain considerations which he conceived
to be of the gravest character; and that
being so, he thought in time of war heshould at first eliminate all topics of
racial prejudice by making it clear at the
start that they were
concerned solely with Irish regi­
ments and Irish officers, and that,
as far as the discredit which must
indelibly remain on the names of
some of them, it was a discredit
on his own country, and in no
sense on Great Britain.
That inquiry, went on counsel, had been
directed by his Majesty to inquire into the
death of his9 Majesty's subjects—subjects
in a tender and special degree because of
the fact that they were within his Ma­
jesty's ward, and because at a l l times, in
every age and generation, and under every
captain, the
KILLING
the regular army bearing the honoured
commission of his Majesty?"
"STILL MORE TERRIBLE"
A b s e n c e of the C a p t a i n oi the
Guard
RAPIDLY
in the middle of^he road, and several men
were walking on each side. I n view cf
danger and the suspicious circumstances
he had him arrested and sent to Portobello
Barracks.
The Attorney-General produced the re­
cord of the general court martial finding
Capt. Bowen-Colthurst guilty of murder,
but insane, and his committal, dated 10th
June, 1916, to Broadmoor Lunatic Asylum
during his Majesty's pleasure.
The Attorney-General then read corre­
spondence between the
Home
Office
and
the
W a r Office
regarding
the removal of Captain Bowen-Colthurst
from King George V . Hospital to the
Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum. T h e
warrant authorising the removal of Capt.
Colthurst was dated June 27. The letter
accompanying the warrant stated that ar­
rangements had been made for the recep­
tion of the prisoner i n Broadmoor.
MR.
;
I conceive any man who lay under that
charge in the course of the rebellion he
would feel he had inflicted ur-on ' his
country
AN I N D E L I B L E D I S H O N O U R ;
and how much more must it be when we
are dealing not with tbe case of insurgent*
o f maddened peasants, but with men oi
OF P R I S O N E R S
without trial has been regarded as tinmost heinous and awful of military
otiouces.
' Before 1 lay be*.,, you from
my point of view what 1 have i o say on
behalf of the families of tho murdered
men," continued Mr. Healy, " let me re­
call to your minds that the building in
which we now stand four months ago was
in the hands of the insurgents, and that
in the very Court in which 1 have the
honour of speaking, a number of prifconeis,
police and others, were i n the hands el
the rebels.
v
What, sir, would be thought if the
charge could be laid against the
men who have paid the extreme
penalty of the law if, in addition
to the guilt of treason against their
Sovereign, it could be proved they
took innocent policemen out of this
courtroom, through the little passage I see there indicating withjjfcSf
wave of his hand), and against the i
wall outside
had their b r a i n s '
dashed out by bullets, end then had
them buried in secret in the pre­
cincts of this Court, and keep from
their families t.nd wives and chiltlL-kqowledge $rf this terrible
Therefore, M r . Healy continued, they
were investigating what he conceived to be
one of the most serious and terrible mat­
ters that had ever come up in the whole
history of that country.
I n the State
trials they had it that Lord Carhampton,
the Commander-in-Chief of that day, was
severely condemned for striking a black­
smith who was a prisoner and who fired
at him on the Chapelizod H i l l .
I n the
first instance he would ask them to con­
sider, before he came to analyse the .action
of Captain Colthurst, what he believed to
be still more terrible, the absense of the
Captain of the Guard, whoso absenco he
would consider it his duty to draw atten­
tion to. I n liussell on •'Crimes," i n the
case of the King and Thomas, there was a
case of a seaman who was ordered to pre­
vent boats from coming near his ship, and
who was given ammunition and ball to
prevent these boats coming within a cer­
tain distance of the ship. Some men in
the boats defied his authority and ho fired
cn them. The jury found a verdict ex­
cusing him, on the ground that he was
there as a sentinel and was obeying orders.
It was referred to the judges, and the
judges
D E C L A R E D I T WAS M U R D E R .
That law had never been impugned, but,
on the contrary, had been supported by
every writer and authority from that, day
up to the present. What was the position
on this Tuesday night?
F o r tho mo­
ment he would assume that the prisoners
were all guilty; he would assume that they
were three guilty men whom the law, as
administered, might after trial sentence to
death. These three men were lying in tho
King's prison and they were lying under
the charge of three officers of this regiment.
They should observe that i n Dublin this
was a permanent garrison, and the regi­
ment was permanently garrisoned in Dub­
lin, The condition of Portobello Barracks I
was well known. I t was probably the best
barracks i n Dublin, and Dublin itself, ne
should tell them, having regard to the ex­
aggeration of the circumstances of the
rising, was the best barracked town for its •
size out of Prussia. There were eight bar­
racks, and in addition there were various
headquarter stations at Parkgate street and
Dublin Castle. The township of 1'athniines
on Tuesday and Wednesday was as peaceful
as this court. The death of no man except
Coade took place beyond the cauaj. He
(counsel) had the honour of driving through
it on that day. Shopping was going on as
usnal—watercarts were passing along, and
it was a fine, blazing hot summer's day
The barracks there beyond the canal was
capable of holding 3,000 men, and garri­
soned with at least 500 persons. The only
ost where there was trouble was a publicouse, from which the looters were driven
without the slightest difficulty. That dis­
posed of the suggestion of
G E R M A N S FROM O L D C A S T L E .
and peasants from the Wicklow hills. T h e
people of
Kathmmes, anyway, were
friendly a n d peaceful towards the mili­
tary, and i n t h a t barracks were a number
of seasoned soldiers and officers, t o r al­
though this case assumed a special gravity
by reason of t h e fact t h a t henceforward
mii.tary service in England and Scotland
has been made compufsory, yet i t must be
remembered that these officers, so to speak,
were seasoned resident soldiers stationed
i n t h a t district.
They were Irishmen,
knowing liathmines, a n d they h a d an
orderly room annexed t o the barracks.'
Now, as captains o f t h e guard, there were
three men, Lieut. Dobbin, Lieut. Wilson,
and Lieut. Tooley. Of these three men
only one had been called before this
t
banal—namely, Lieut. Tooley, although c J
one of them, Lieut. Dobbin, according to
the observations he made at the court
martial—one cf them assisted in the mur-,
der of the prisoners whom he was bound
to protect. His learned friend, the Attor­
ney-General, used the phrase in reference to
Mr. Dobbin of an extraordinary kind—he
said: " H o is not available." Ao explana­
tion beyoud his learned friend's statement
had been vouchsafed to the tribunal.
The Attorney-General—Pardon me, 1
stated that he was on active service at
the front.
,
The Chairman—Yes, the Attorney-Gene­
ral called attention to the fact; he s a i d :
" Now, sir, 1 regret to say that Lient.
Dobbiu is not available—he is somewhere
ou active service at the front, and it has
been impossible to get access to him."
Mr. Healy said he took tho summary of
his learned friend, the Attorney-General's,
statement from where he conceived it to
be best reported—tho "Irish Times"—he
meant the best from his friend's point,
of view (laughter).
The Attorney-General—Where will you
go to—to heaven?
(Laughter).
Mr. Healy, continuing, said that ho
found that i n the guardroom at that
time were Lieuts. Dobbin, Wilson, and
Tooley. He didn't mean Lieut Leslie Wil­
son, but the Lieut. Wilson he did mean
was not, as far as he could make out, called
at the court martial at all. His absence
from the court martial, as far as he (Mr.
Healy) was aware, was not explained, nor,
as far as he knew, was his absence from
that inquiry explained, and he (Mr.
Healy) said that the action of the captains
of the guard in delivering over their pri­
soners to death was, if possible,
MORE R E P R E H E N S I B L E ,
and moro awful and more. criminal than
the act of Capt. Bowen-Colthurst himself.
Mr. Healy then read the evidence of Lieut.
Dobbin at the court martial. To the ques­
tion of what Captain Bowen-Colthurst
said when he came to the guardroom op
the Wednesday morning, the answer was—
"To the best of my ability he fflid—1 am
taking these prisoners out of tho guard­
room. 1 am going to shoot them. 1 think
it is the right thing to do, or words to that
effect." "Question—Did he mention any
names? Answer—Not as far as 1 remem­
ber. Question—Did he indicate any of
these eight prisoners? Answer—No. ' Discussing these answers, Mr. Healy said that
as far as the evidence went, it v.r.s an
ihdicatian that 'he whole of the prisoners
in the guardroom were to be shot by Col­
thurst.
The Chairman—You see there was some
-light doubt as to what the meaning of
the language was which he need in the
mind of tho witness, and the President,
Lord Cheylesmore, asked: "Did he say
prisoners or did he ray three priso­
ners." and the witness said*. " 1 am not
absolutely certain."
Mr. Healy suid that Mr. Sheehy-Skeffing­
ton was
IN A L O C K E D C E L L . *
ind the other two, as ho would prove, were
in the guardroom. T h i s he would prOV*-)
by some of the prisoners. i.lthongh lie did!
t that in a grave inquiry of that
kind, and in accordance with the promise
if the Prime Minister, every offii
every soldier concerned in this transaction
would have been present, and compelled
to be present at any cost. They were not
dealing with any matter done i n a Corner
Thev were dealing with a matter ^ n t
would reverberate in the country for cen­
turies to come, and not only i n that coun
try, but elsewhere.
If these thincjs were done in Brus­
sels, or to English prisoners now
in internment at Limburg or else­
where, the world would ring with
it.
T h i s was a great case, said Mr. Healy ;
and a great occasion, having regard to thi
fact that this country was at war, and ths
military officers, in especial, were bound t j
t
jhave regard-to tho rules and usages of war.
i Counsel proceeded to quote evidence of
I witnesses at the court martial, including
j the officers of the guard who v,ere on dtrty
at the time the prisoners were 6 h o t , and r
I one of whom had not been produced. The
Commission should adjourn, said counsel.
This man had taken a part i u the nnr.<! i
of one of his priseiners, and unless that waa trifle to be laughed at in court, counsel
maintained that the presence of this gentle­
man and his colleague i n assassination was
1
1
96
absolutely essential, having regard to th*
promise made that these officers would be
forthcoming. They hud had Commissions
as to Mesopotamia ana the Dardanelles,
and even, he understood, as to the amours
of an old lady of 70 (luughter), to take
evidence, ami to take it compulsorily,
but here where the fate of three prisoners
was concerned—three admittedly innocent
men—ho (counsel* was not to be put off.
with the statement that this officer was at
the front. Lieutenant Wilson had not been
examined at all. They were told nothing
rof him. Acting on the basis, that three
• persons had been in insurrection, counsel
'said that the officers of the guard were
[more guiltv than Captain Colthurst. The
J latter bad "been
FOUND A L U N A T I C .
'These officers were not lunatics, and they
J had a duty to discharge. Their duty was
.to have died in defence of their prisoners.
! Efforts had been made elsewhere to throw
• dirt on Major Itosborough; there had hern
! criticism of the adjutant. There they bad
i a barracks as large as a village and almost
| a mile square in extent, and because an
officer took out three prisoners and shot
I them in cold blood was a reason why
Major Itosborough should be made a scape*
I goat of. or the adjutant held responsible
I lor. Captain Colthurst had been found
l a lunatic. Were the men in charge of tho
'guards lunaticsP I t passed human belief
to think that the acts of those men wore
going to be passed over without thoir being
dealt with. " W e have here," Mr. Healy
continued. " tha
DOUBLE
INFAMY
; in M r . Skeffington's case.
Not merely was he done to death:
he was exposed to death, and com­
pelled to witness the murder of an
innocent man. He was turned out
tied with a lanyard, and helpless,
between 10 and 11 o'clock at night
in the centro of a bombing party.
A DANGEROUS POINT.
Tho poor boy was making the best of
his way home when
this party of madmen, firing their
rifles at the moon, came out of tho
barracks.
They asked the young men if they knew
martial law had been proclaimed, ami
they 6aid thoy did not.
Then Captain
Colthurst turned to the tallest of the
group—Coade, a virtuous young men the
Inst penny of Those wages wont to support
his father and mother—and at first the
• boy. through nervousness, was hardly able
to answer. So far from giving him iinI pertinence or foul language, the evidence,
I would be that he had just come from his
I prayers.
Colthurst gave the orders to
'• Hash them."
Young Cor.de was struck with a riHe
on the jaw, with Skeffington looking
on. Coade, being frightened, ran
along the street, whereupon Capt.
Colthurst took aim at him and
poured out his life-blood on the
pavement.
Not one word of that
w l allowed to get into the news­
papers, and it was not- mentioned
at the court martial.
TAKEN OFF T H E STREETS.
They would have been quite sufficiently
gallant to cope with whatever disorder
there was in the streets, and it will be part
of my task to show you the gross exagger­
ation which has festooned the whole of this
I transaction—largely blathered out for poli. tieu! objects.
ORDERS TO BASH
THEM! •
L
{
man was killed the day before—while Capt.
Colthurst went in quest of, apparently, tho
other men who were murdered.
The
Attorney-General, in his opening state­
ment, in veiled and pillid language,
seemed to bo not unwilling to say that
these persons were innocent, but ho (connisol) would have expected some words of
[commiseration and sympathy with the
* families bereaved. They were not uttered,
hat instead it was left in a
QUASI-STATE OF OSCILLATION
as to whether these men might or not have
participated in the rebellion.
The chairman said he did not take that
view.
Mr. ncaly went on to say that Dickson's
father was employed in tho Glasgow Cor­
poration. The deceased was a Glasgow
man who spoke a strong Scotch accent,
and was the editor of a small paper called
the " Eye-Oprncr." To show he was a
IJoynl subject it would be proved that he
(wasted in the prison that night that he
was having a special edition of his paper
brought out to print the martial law pro­
c l a m a t i o n , and he had not the smallest
I doubt of his discharge in tho morning
'when the facts were known. Cantain Col­
thurst described these men as ringleaders
of the rebellion, as rebels, and as desperate
mon—phrases which, he supposed, Ion" ago
Tip poo Sahib used to his victims. Mclntyre was the opponent of the men in in­
surgency. The victims, were condemned
to sudden death because martial law was
proclaimed. A well might the soldiers
present i n court shoot down the gentle­
men on the bench.
1
a
These two men, Dickson and M'lntyre,
hod committed
THE T E R R I B L E CRIME
" F i r i n g T h e i r Rifles at the
Moon!"
of going into a tobacco shop to get cigarI ettes, and when they heard that there was
sniping going on along this street, they
might ask themselves how it was that the
ordinary citizen was going about his busi5SK\i •
horrors were bein? com­
mitted in the streets that they hoard of
was it not an amazing fact that within
sight of Jacobs factory the only people
who were a. terror tu law-abiding citizens
were Captain Colthurst and his partv
c
C o n t i n u i n g , M r . Ilealy said—They found
t h i s innocent man taken out w i t h Ins hands
tied behind his back and put l a charge of
a m a n certified now to l>e a madman and
whose lunacy was relied upon by his
learned
friends. -They
bad
scarcely
emeraed from tho barrack road on to the
DISCHARGED T H E RIFLES
of his party into their urawingroom win­
dows, and that Colthurst himself took a
bomb in his hand and fired it into the
window, smashing tho contents to smither­
eens, and slightly wounding the shop as­
sistant, a man named Brennan. At that
time Aid. Kelly had left th© shop for a
moment to go across to a fruiterer's shop to
buy some i r u i t for M'lntyre for his sup­
per. Dickson had not been i n tho shop •
when Kelly went out, hut he was a fre- j
quent visitor there, and apparently when i
6hots
began
to
bo
fired
he I
took
refuge
i n the
shop.
WhenJ
the bomb struck the ground fioor, they
descended to a safer place, and they were)
arrested in the kitchen.
A well-known J
citizen, a gentleman, and a Conservative, i
whoeo name he need not mention, was also'
arrested with them.
This gentleman and
Brennan; the assistant, and Dickson and
M'lntyre were taken and brought by Cap­
tain Colthurst and his party to Portohcho
Brigde, where Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington war,
then absorbed into the rank, and were
then
deposited
in
Portobello
Bar­
racks.
No
charge
was
made,
against
them,
nor
could
be
made.
Counsel would now ta'.:o the account of
, the criminal himself. Whilst that report
wound up with matter which the tribunal
thought
well to exclude—although
ho
thought it had a bearing —still, he would
ask their attention to the rest of the re­
port. I t was marked " confidential." I t
was headed 26th April, and from Porto­
bello Barracks, from Captain Bowen-Colt­
hurst to the officer commanding: "1 have
to report for your information that yester­
day evening at about 11 p.m., according,
to your orders^ I proceeded with a party
of 25 men to Kelly's tobacco shop in liar-1
court row. Some shots were fired at us,
but whether from this shop or not 1 can-;
not say." Now the court would observe
iu that report that not only was there no:
word of the killing of young Coade, but j
no word of <he taking of Skeihngton. I n ]
the report Capt. Bowen-Colthurst 6tated ;
the occupations of the two men Dickson j
and M'lntyre—one the editor of the'
"Searchlight" and the other the editor of ;
the "Ej'o-Opener"—so that h? knew tho-'.
roughly who the men were. He knew their
newspapers and he knew their associations.
The telephone
Mr. Ilealy here paused to remark that
when voung Coade was taken to the hos­
pital in the barracks he was treated with
he greatest kindni..;, and continued to
;ay that Mr. Skeffington was placed on the
oriuae of dausrer—whara another young
, And now. S i r John, let me leave the
(assumption that he was a guilty man, and
| take, the assumption that he was an inno•cent man. who abhorred bloodshed and ab­
hor rod violence/**
The Chairman—On this matter we pro'. upon tho basis that
- i n s were innocent persons
—a basis that is in no way contested. We
accept that quite unreservedly.
.Mr. Healy—The Headquarters authorities
circulated throughout England and Scot­
land matter, winch I will rend to you, to
prejudice Mr. Skeffington, assuming and
llliBPfcting that he was a guilty man.
That is one of the things, to my mind,
when you come to review tho whole cir­
cumstances, which point to tho fact.that •
it was the intention of the autho­
rities here to have buried these
men out of sight an'' that not one
word of their deat.i and burial
would escape beyond the prison
walls.
When you hav« hoard me deal with the
whole facts 1 will respectfully ask you to
come unanimously to that conclusion. Let
me deal with them on the basis of the
innocence of this man. On the previous
day Mr. Sheflington had tried to put up
notices to prevent looting and calling for
a civilian police, as unhappily that gallant
force, the D.M.P., who might have been
trusted to cope with it. had been, to the
disgrace of whoever ordered it,
ColtnursT came down, according fb his let­
ter, to effect the arrest of Sinn Teiners
who had taken Kelly's tobacco shop, and
that was said somewhere to bo information
received from Dublin Castle.
Kelly's
tobacco shop was kept and maintained by
a man in all Dublin the least likely to
have harboured Sinn Eeiners or Sinn Fein
sentinels. Alderman Kelly was High Sheriff,
of Dublin tho year before, and no shot, as
he would tell them, was ever fired from
his house. The house was searched from
floor to basement, and not even a percus­
sion cap or a national ballad was found.
The house was Commanded by the military,
but Colthurst comes along at 11 o'clock at
night with a party of thirty or forty mon,
and ho thought he was right in saying that
not one of them had given evidence l>efore
that Commission, beyond the party at Por­
tobello Bridge. Alderman Kelly would tell
them and others in the shop that before
they knew where they were Captain Colt­
hurst
tram trade when ttiev met a group of young
men who had come out of th? church troni
saying their prayers. The man Coade. v. ho
was selected for slaughter, Was- about 5ft.
high, although only 19 years of age. i t
would be proved before them that this
young man was of stainless character, lie
was a teetotaller, tho son of an otlicint in
the Corporation, and himself a cycle
mechanic. On that Tuesday evening, in­
stead of being in a publichouso he was
doing honour to the Holy Family. Some of
his friends lived in the city and he volun­
teered to go over the bridgo to see them
safely past the patrol. After doing tins he
was returning with another trie'.id. when
a soldier at the bridge cautioned them and
said that they had better pass on as it was
3 , 1
t , i e s e
W A S NOT C U T O F F ,
and a question to anybody on the telephone'
«ould have made him awaro of the facts
even if he was ignorant of them himself—
an extraordinary thing to assume, ho being;
resident in Dublin for so long.
Another
sentence in the report was that he (Capt. ;
Bowen-Colthurst) had been informed that
all tha tobacco had been removed from
Kelly's shop. That was a suggestion, Mr.
TToafy commented, which he ^apposed was;
meant to convey that the place was:
nv.u'o into a fort
by tho
removal'
of the tobacco and its replacements
he supposed; by sandbags or other military
method's of defence. Dealing with the in­
cidents of th'« Wednesday morning, Capt.'
Bowen-Colthurst said in his report: '' This
morning, at 0 a.m., I visited the guard­
room, and 1 sent for the two men (Dickson
and .M'lntyre) and for tho man Skeffington.
who was also detained." Again Mr. Ilealy
asked, how was this man allowed this in­
fraction of the guardroom? Tho theory of
e°cape was then sot up, and escape only.
It hadn't then occurred to Capt. BowenColthurst, in this quietude of Kathmine?,
that rescue was possible. Dickson Was a
deformed man, so deformed indeed that
when Colthurst came into the kitchen]
where r>V?kson was arrested he said to
' - Kellv o;,somebody there.
v
I
" I S T H A T MAN S I T T I N G D O W N ? "
ami the answer was that he was deformed
land forsooth the tear v.as that this*d£
formed man would scale the wall whtoh
was stated at the court martial as be-in"
troin 12 to U feet high.
The Chairman here pointed out that
<-apt. Bowen-Colthurst, when ho reported
K » o^fi" :
.Y
Major Rosborough
at. 10.35 that morning, after the shootin«saul nothing about rescue or escape.
" °'
l o
e i b a l ,
t o
Mr. Ilealy said he was going to remark
that, and. further, that Capt. Bowen-Colt­
hurst said he would be hanged.
Counsel, dealing further with the docu­
ment, s*id that the 6oldier Michael Buck­
ley gave evidence that Captain Colthurst
had spent a couple of minutes alone with
these men before their deaths. He sug­
gested that at these interviews those men,
maintained their innocence.
Dickson
would have had no difficulty in proclaim­
ing himself a loyal subject. M'Intyre's
loyalty was notorious, because his news­
paper was founded on that basis—it was
the employers' newspaper he was editor of.
Shechy-Skefhngton, although in sympathy
with the Sinn Feiners, Was what he called
himself—a pacifist. Counsel described the :
statement by Captain Colthurst in tins •
document that he found documents on
these men as a lie. If documents were
found in MTntyre's possession why were
they not produced?
The Chairman—1 think it is clear there
were not.
Mr. Healy said leaving the report he
now came to this fact. Not one word of
that tragedy was allowed to reach the
outer world, was not allowed to reach the
relatives, and although the Catholic chap­
lain was called in for their burial that
evening or the next day, it was only when
the father of the boy Coado was colled in
to see his son
L Y I N G IN T H E MORTUARY
and recognised Mr. Sheehy Skeflington,
and conveyed the news to his widow—ono
i sorrower to another—it was only by that
moans for the first time that Friday ihat
she learned of her unhappy husband's
death. Not even the chaplain who buried
them was allowed to break the seal of
criminal secrecy within the walls of the
barracks.
That fact, coupled with the
death of the boy Coade, the fact that the
chaplain was not allowed to tell the fami­
lies—he culled that proof as far as mili­
tary rigour could go of the effort to .keep
this tragedy hermetically sealed.
The Chairman—You used an expression
I don't quite follow. You said something
about the chaplain—Father McLoughlin—
not being permitted to tell the relatives?,
Mr. TItaly—I did not put it as high as
that. I say the fact that the natural
ins+iuct which a priest would have under
theso circumstances to condole and to
make known the circumstances of
the
tragedy—the fact that he did not com­
municate that circumstance is, to my
mind, proof that it was the intention to
keep this matter sealed.
Proceeding, counsel said, with the excep­
tion of Captain Colthurst, there was no
comolaint against any of the officers in re­
gard to the decencies observed i n t h e b n r i a l
of the bodies. They had to be placed in
sheets, as coffins were not available. Strong
comments had been made on Adjutant
Morgan and Major Rosborough. So far
as any exoneration from him on the part j
of the.families of Messrs. Skeffington and j
Dickson was required, he fully exonerated
them. Lieut. Morgan had token.steps,.and
the decencies cf rchgion had been exer­
cised.
?
The Chairman—The Adjutant concerned
himself to find out what was the religious
faith of these unfortunate men. and to per
that their bodies wore dealt with with th"
i reverence in accordance with the
R I T E S OF T H E I R R E L I G I O N .
Mr. Healy said that was so, and their
relatives had no desire to make any re­
proach against Lieutenant Morgan or
Major Rosborough. The burial took pluce
on the Wednesday niojht. and on Thursdaynight occurred an incident which he was
sure would appear touching to the Com­
missioners. In this rebellion Mrn. Skcfliugt'-n had i' broth
and bratker-indftw
fighting on his Majesty's side—Li' nwtiAifkf
Kettle and Lieutenant Sheehy. H a v i n g "
hoard rumours, in her anguish the poor
woman thinkincr that she misht in some
wav brrtik the cloistered seal of Porroliello
Barracks. «ent her two sister*, Mrs. Kettle
and Mrs. Culhane, wile of tho Taxing Mas­
ter of that Court, to inquire for their
brother, Lieut. Sheehy.
They did not
venture to ask for Mr. Skeffington. As the
S I S T E R S OF TWO O F F I C E R S
who were engaged in repressing tho rebellion, titer were Cordially received at the
barracks. They were brought to Captain
Colthurst; nr.d, having asked for Lieut
Sheehy, they ventured to ask if he had
any information of Mr. Skeffington. He
said ho knew nothing about him. Where­
upon the two ladies were put under arrest
instantly, and by him sent to the guard­
room, and ordered to prove their identity.
Having done so, Colthurst said, with
brazen impudence, that no information
could be given alwut Mr. Skeffington, and
that nothing was known cf him. The ladies
returned to the poor widow, and that
night Coado informed her that he had soon
Mr. Skeffington's body lying on a flab be­
side that of his eon. That disposed of the
case cf Mr. Skeffington for a moment; but
the case of Mr. Dickson was that his
parents, poor canny bodies in Glasgow,
never knew of their son's death until they
read Mr. Asquith's statement in Parlia­
ment. The order of exhumation of Dick­
son's body wes obtained by two brothers
who came over from Glasgow. H e was
engaged to a lady in Dublin, who had him
B U R I E D IN G L A S N E V I N .
"WHY
Air.
T H E S E C R E C Y ?"
Healy & "Miraculous
Bricklaying"
Why this secrecy? Why not make a clean
breast of it? If this man were a lunatic
why the secrecy? Though the bricklayers
removed the bricks which had been marked
by the bullets—10 or 15 bullet marks wore
seen iu the wall—Major 'iuiuness, tho
military engineer, did not know who the
bricklayers were. If he were a Prussian
engineer he could tell it to them iu six
languages (laughter).
He thought his
learned -friends would have devoted somu
time to explaining the miraculous brick­
laying. The conclusion he would Rsk them
to draw was, that at first it was never in­
tended to grant nn inquiry. " We," con­
tinual Mr. Healy, "not only knew that
tho bricks had Been removed, but we knew
that one of the bricklayers had a Munster
accent." It would be of some interest to
know (continued counsel) how these 15
bullet marks came to l>o in the wall after
the bricks had been removed and replaced
by others.
'Mr. Healy went on to refer to the fact
that the higher military command in Parkgate street received infonunrioa by tele­
phone from Lieut. Moighn on tho day of
the occurrence. Sir John Maxwell did no
arrive in Dublin until the Friday, and
therefore, so far as tho murders wore con­
cerned, he was no more responsible for
them than any man in court. But on th-'
Monday Col. M'Cuuunoad took physical
action 'on Capt. Colthhrst's report, which
he handed in at Dublin Castle to the
proper authority. So far ne the murder
of Coado went, he (counsel) could find no
proof that it was reported to the-higher
command. That, he submifted, it was the,
dutv of Lient. Leslie Wilson to do. Cp.m>
KCI V.oxt commented on the fact that on the
Monday the command then held by
MAJOR* S I R F R A N C I S V A N E
was tSVea from his hands and entrusted to
Capt. Colthurst. the author of this moody
1
tl
l ^ e ' C h a i r m a n pointed out that the Com! mission could not inquire into disciplinary
matters.
_ _ _ ,. „.„„
\ l r . Healv said Aid. J . J . Kelly wos
arrested by Sir Francis Vane, and coun^l
contended'he was completing tha^. trans­
actions initiated by Colthurst
The Chairman again directed attention;
to the terms of reference.
j
Mr. Ileal*—All 1 can say is, whoever>
made out the terms of reference, ogflfet to
be
1
made
King's
High-Planner
(loud
( p r e s u m i n g after luncheon, Mr. Hciily
K C , called attention to what he described
a; the important fact that on the Tuesday,
eontrarv to what I apt. Ik. wen-Colt hunt said
he believed, martini law was not in exig­
ence. Tli? |>roetamtioB was dated and puti-
~ •
rv>-
from and after," and it was oared Hie i
25th April. So that at the time this tinnappy man wae taken out as a ho-tugo,
bound in the way he- \rns.
NO M A R T I A L LAW E X I S T E D
or could exist.
The Chuiiman—You would not suggest,
would you, that if then- was martial law
that it could possibly be a justification /or
summary execution without trial :Mr. Healy said he entirolr adopted tad
language of the Prime Minister on this
matter in the House of Commons on tine
Hth May lost,
j The Chairman—Martial law or no martial
WW. |M>ople should not be shot without in| vestigation.
I Mr, Beak next deult with the trunk
: incident on the Wednesdin. ami said that
in tho summary of the charges taken in
the guardroom Diekson'e name was spoil
as Hickcnron, end He address was given.
Dickson was dead when that note was
made, because the note was, "Shot.
2fi • 1918"—a most husines»like record. At
I oYinfk tiiav afterhpofl. of the three d
men the one who*eVjsidenc-> we.s -el;for perquisition was The Scotehmar.. Di
son, al«iie. It would bo clear to the
banal to find that on Alderman J . J .
belly's premises Dickson's trunk meant
sentence of death in the mind of a man
whose
,
MIND WAS I N F L A M E D
as was the mind of Capt. Colthurst. The
proclamation was regarded as a warrant
for assassination. This bag was handed
to a limping soldier, who wa* directed not
to take it to the barracks, which by th"
road was alntut next door, but hp was
directed to bring the bag to the next
picket, which, of all plnces in the world,
• shuold happen to lx> Aid. Kelly's shop.
Counsel contended that the facts showed
that the Irunk was deliberately W t there,
and W t in charge. no* of Cla'xton, but of
a private named Roland.
Aid.
Kelly
would tell them that when h* left in cus­
tody of Major Vane no trunk had been
deposited 041 his premises. Major Vane
would tell them that, H«, far as 1>« knew,
there was no trunk accompanying the
arty who took back ami arrested \Ul.
ellv. There was an alderman who might
not unfairly be described a* a Sinn Foinet,
Aid. Thomas Kelly, who, when the rising
began. ha«l the g<md ~enso to go to a police
station
I
FOR P R O T E C T I O N ,
The ' hnirman w»id he did not see jnat
then how this confusion of name*, came
within the terms of their reference,
Mr. Hi-alv a-d the lr.lsf "nd"r--<Muent of
Captain Cnlthnrst, admitted at the court
martial, stated thnr lie took a eoi>\ of the|
secret order of the military—that was
notoriously the document rend bv Aid,
Thomas Kellv. and as far as they were
aware Mr. Sh>ehy SkofFmgton never had
a copy of it. So the military hli»««lei
was' that they wished the Sinn Fein r'dermnn to bo arretted.
Hat he liT»d in a
different part of the city altogether. The
tribunal should remember that every
scrnp of paper dealing with the dead man
had b«'n *'.\ept a wav out of his house.
The whole transaction regarding this
BOGUS D O C U M E N T ,
and the two aldermen named Kelly,
savoured of tho Pigotl forgery.
That
bogus circular « a s in fact, pn effort to
stir up feeling against the military by a
series of accusations. One phrase ta it
read:
Communications to or from the
premises
known as the Archbishop'*
House, Drumeondra." and that these pre­
mises were to be " isolated."
The Chairman said they were prepared
to accept tho suegestinn that there was
confusion as to the two aldeitnen.
Mr. flealv said what ho *«s going to
say was thi-. that to suggest that these
so-called secret orders were- found on the
person or in the bouse of Mr. Sheehy
Skoffirgloii «a« ;••» fal«e as that Alder­
man James Kellv had any connection with
Dick.*on directly or indirectly, and it was
simply another part of the plant.
Proceeding, counsel referred to the raid
on Mrs. sheehy-Skeflin-ton's house on the
Friday. Scarcely, he said, had Mr*. Kettle
and Mrs. Culhane reached th»> widow]*
1 residence with information that was de.
I tiled, tit iii there descended, about 7 o'clock
j lhat" night, at a time when it was illegal
J -end anyhodv found out r-ftor 7 o'clock was
1 liable to military punishment under the
98
observation before"'he *wenl further, that
~uch an incident could have occurred and
was openly denied in full Parliament by
no less a person than the Prime Minister,
and this inquiry had continued for three
days aud there had be"n no attempt to
deny it or even to investigate it.
Mr.
Healv quoted the Prime Minister's state­
ment and also Mrs. Sheehy-Skeflfington's
statement ns to the raid on her house, and.
continuing, said the latter statement had
been qualified as unbelievable and in­
credible.
I t had bren promised t i n t the
matter would be inquired into.
Three
month* had elapsed, and they met before
that tribunal without one word of denial
«nd without the produe.ion of one man.
oflficor or otherwise! that took part in the
raid. The vcrv property taken from this
woman, including her husband's letters
BEFORE HER MARRIAGE,
and other precious souvenits. had never
i i i returned. ArtieWs of vnh'o she had
not got back, and when pressure was uppH*a -he received instead some bfcbodtrained garments belonging *-o other people
M^atatian). Me did M»V when an important
parson rgade a nromine oi th;>t k i n d , and
when toe m i l i t a r y anthQriUes d i d not
think it worth their while to hold an in­
vestigation iota the statement ba safd he
believed to be untrue and declared it
should be investigated, it should, as far
tir- country Sail concerned; not even
the Prime Minister and Parliament of
England could e v e up protection aga:i;-t
tbe military authorities.
The rhnfeman pointed out that the Conii!ii-».n would he glad to have evidence
hearing out what the Prime Minister *aid,
! that this matter should be inquired into in
the mosi thorough manner, and as f a r as
they were '..m-erned th«-y should certainly
d i it.
•Mr. ffealv replied that he apprehended
that the inquiry should not be one-sided.
Was "it l k o l y that tho widow would de­
part from the statement «he made in w r i t ­
ing ihroe nionth-s ago. and he apprehended
some »t e n i p t w u ' i l d b e muds" to deal with
that branch of the case.
ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S REPLY.
Concluding a three hours speech, M r .
HCdiy said. No person feels more than I
do, or more than m y clients ele," t h e
"•"Tiole tragedy of the events o n b o t h
side* in this unhappy r e b e l l i o n . I feel
there is a great deal to be forgotten a n d
to be forgiven on both sides.
I would like a great deal o f i t for­
gotten and forgiven. I t is not with a
n e w to stirring up harsh, bitter, a n d
deplorable memories between our coun­
trymen that pre-.-11 r e has been applied
in connection with this i n q u i r y . T h e
mo+ive v a s a far different one.
We feel that * rebellion coi-dueW hv
w t M t the Chief Secretary of the day
oal.ed u job lot of I t a l i a n rifles, has
b<vn magnified to a degree, a n d has
been visited with punishments which
have not been inflicted i n o t h e r parts
of ;he British E m p i r e . W e believe t h a t
painful
us
the
task
and
the
duty
may
be
of
exposing
and
bringing to light some of the h o r r o r s
that
are committed
on one
side
* h e n r-iri-ible charges are made of cold­
blooded murders o n the other, i t is a
task w h i c h we mast p e r f o r m . I n every
situatuou of t h i s k i n d there must be
two aspect*, a n d i f you o n l y a p p l y the
mottiod of rigour, of condemnation, of
libel, and of coercion, these are merbflirb which cannot succeed.
Martial L a w has been p u t i n t o rh«
hands of tho soldiors as a sole specific
for the evils that afflicted t h i s l a n d ,
i would *ay, iu conclusion, if 1 m i g h t
^ a p p l r the fine T ord.- of Spenser:—
"Ah. ye mietook, ye should have
enatched his wand a n d bonnd h i m
fast
W*tkohi the red reversed a n d back­
ward mutters c f dissevering power,
t e cannot free the lady t h a t sits here­
i n stony silence—atillaml motionles- "
Tbe. Attorney-Genera l ^ j j Lienf W i l
son would be there to-morrow 'and i f
M r . H ' d l y had ghen the slightest
cat on that he required him he would
Mr. Healy—I am not yet AttorneyGeneral.
The Attorney-General—No; b u t y o u
w.'" b e l t ' you go on l i k e this (laughter).
S i r . H e a l y — M r friend
must be expect­
i n g promotion (loud laughter).
M r . Sheehy Skeffingtou rhen entered
the witness box and said she last saw•he.r husband alive between 5.15 anel
5.30 p . m . on the Tuesday evening.
They wero m a r r i e d 13 years,
and
t h e y were schoolmates together.
So
far as she knew her husband could not
be described as a member of any dan­
gerous society. Even i n t h e i r school­
days he was a strong pacifist, and en
. t h e Tftesday he told her that he »a>
going to a meeting he had summoned
a t 31 Westmoreland street in connec­
t i o n w i t h the preventing of looting.
" Cm Wednesday," &he continued,
" V h e n he d i d not come home I began
to be r a t h e r uneasy, and I t r i e d to find
I am taking these prisoners out of the
guardroom. I am going to shoot them.
Dobbin.
Do you remember did he add anything
to that? I don't remember.
Do yott remember •whether he said any­
t h i n g about his belief or his idea that
was the r i g h t t h i n g to do? H e did. Cap­
t a i n Colthurst went back t o the guardroom.
I then sent "lieutenant Wilson over t o the
Adjutant.
For wliat purpose did you send h i m to
the Adjutant? I told h i m to t e l l the A d ­
j u t a n t t h a t Captain Colthurst was taking
the prisoners out of the guardroom. Lieut.
Wilson went away on a bicycle t o deliver
the message, and was away about t w o
minutes.
When he came back, what answer d i d he
deliver to you?
I cannot recollect.
Can you give an idea of the substance?
Xo, I cannot.
*
The Chairman pressed witness to t r y to re­
collect what Lieutenant Wilson said when
he came back.
" I HEARD SHOTS FIRED'
Witness, after considering, said the mes­
sage he got back was that the prisoners
were not to be taken out.
The Attorney-General—When Lieut. W i l ­
son cams back, what was the next t h i n g
t h a t happened?
I heard shots f i r e d
Was t h a t immediately?
Either imme­
diately or before he &ot to me, I t h i n k .
W h e n he was on his way back, or imme­
diately on his arrived?
Yes.
Wlier; you heard shots, where d i d you
go?
I remained where I was.
F r o m what direction d i d the shots come?
They appeared to be at the back of the
guard-room.
D i d anyone come out of the guardroom
after you heard the shots ? Yes, Captain
Colthurst.
D i d he say anything to yon or d i d he
pass you without observation?
He
LEFT THE TRENCHES ON MONDAY
A t t h ^ j i l t i n g of the Commission the !
I Attorney-General called Second Lieutenant
William Leonard Price Dobbin, of the 2nd
h'oyal Irish Rifles, who said he was at pre­
sent on active service, and
it-ft the trenches only on Monday n i g h t
to come and give evidence.
He was i n charge of the guard at Porto­
bello Barracks on the Tuesday night that
Mr. Skeffington was taken out of the guard­
room. H e h a d not k n o w n Captain BowenColthurst before.
Witness further stated t h a t going into or
coming out of the guardroom that night w i t h
Mr. Skeffington, Captain Colthurst said
nothing to him.
H e d i d not know who
was i n charge of the guard, b u t Lieutenants
Tooley and Wilson were there.
Witness
was senior of the three,' and up to that had
been on guards day and n i g h t .
There was a good deal of
Excitement and Unrest
in the barracks.
Tho A-wrney-General—Had you any com- ,
in indention "with anyone t h a t evening about
Captain Colthurst t a k i n g a civilian from the j
guardroom? I conveyed the fact t o the A d jutant.
D i d you receive any reply or direction
from i.-io A d j u t a n t i n this matter?
I am
not sure.
The . Chairman—Mr. Dobbin would not
at present remember a l l the details, having
come direct from d u t y as we know.
(To
witness)—We have had some evidence given
while yon were away. Lieut. Morgan said
l he hcvrd about M r . Skeffington being taken
I out of the guardroom, and he says he saw
i yon and spoke t o you about i t . Do you ;
I recollect that? - . o , sir.
!
He stated: " I told Lieut. Dobbin to give
it. to me i n w r i t i n g , " that is, t h a t Captain
Colthurst had taken M r . Skeffington out of
the gu.vruroom ? I am not sure; I remem­
ber communicating w i t h h i m .
V> it.:r.«s continued t o say that t o his
recollection he received no communication
from Lieut. Morgan t h a t n i g h t . He d i d
not remetnber Captain Colthurst bringing in
Mr. Skeflir.gi.on t h a t night. On the follow­
ing^ morn hr:, Wednesday, 26th, witness was
again on da-ty a t the main guard. On that
morning he knew t h a t the names of two of
tho detained men were " D i c k e n s o n " and
Skeffington.
H e ' remembered
Captain
Bowen-Colthurst .
Going into The Guardroom
1
v
that morning. Witness was standing a t the
main gate at the time. Captain Colthurst
ca»;e out pretty soon, and spoke to witness.
The
Attorney-CeBeral—Jnst t-eli
the
Court what passed between you and h i m ?
As far as I can recollect, he said to m e :
Passed Ms Without Observation.
W h a t d i d you do
I went into the
guard room.
i
\Vh:it did you find i n the y a r d a t the
back of the "guardroom
Three men l y i n g
cn the ground.
D i d yoa observe something w i t h regard
to one of t h e m ; d i d you t h i n k you observed
a movement or motion?
Yes.
W h a t d i d you do then
I sent to the
orderly room t o know what I was to do.
The Chairman—On noticing that d i d y o u
speak t o the sergeant. I t was a senotte
and a terrible t h i n g .
D i d yon t e l l him?
I t h i n k I drew hie attention to i t .
I t was then p u t to the witness by the
t hoi m a n t h a t one of- the witnesses stated
that he (Lieut Dobbin) was heard t o say
to the sergeant,
•'
*fo9
" T h a t Man; I s Not Dead."
Witness replied that t h a t was sp. ~ ~ >
The Chairman—That was the impression j
yon got?
Yes.
And d i d you </peai to the sergeant?
I!
think I d i d .
T h e Attorney-General—Yoa sent Lieut.
Tooley to the guardroom?
I ~~"HL!1HC ~f
the officers.
>•
A n d d i d he return to yoa w i t h aMfem?
He d i i , sir.
< M
Mr. Healy-—I must r e a d ;
:
^ yHP>^
teat
the Commission is not s i t t i n g for the
fir*
The A.ttorney-Goneral aaked the witnes.
, wnsequence of that order
another volley, and he replied in the
ttt
U 1
JWHAT LIEUT. DOBBIN READ IN
WMl
j
Cross-examined by Mr. HesJy-^Db voU
j remember when yon left for Franca!
On
] the 25bh June.
D i d you go by yourself or with your re>
| giment?
With a number of officer* of m j
I regiment.
J
vVhen*you returned this morning when
I did you report to ?
Colonel Staunton.
May I assume that you knew nothing
whatever of what wen* on in this court foi
a week or so?
Except what I read JU
; France.
Were you able to got the whole of :tl
Very little.
What did you not get (laughter)—hav»
you any idea?
No.
The Chairman—Did you get Mr. Healy'*
speech? (laughter).
I* did, sir.
Mr. Healy—I suppose you had often
Mounted Guard
previous to this Tuesday ?
No.
B a d you ever taken part in what h
I called changing guard before?
No.
Did you know anything about the chang.
ing guard?
I knew the procedure.
J
knew that the guard presents arms to eacb
other, that the commanders of the guard
'hand .over the articles in the guardroom,
the names of tho prisoners, and also th*
prisoner*.
That is all I [know.
Further cross-examined—Witness said h«
did not know that he had no power to dis;
charge a prisoner from the guard, nor din
he know thai a prisoner should be brought
to tho guardroom before he was discharged
Witness would not have discharged the pri
soner on his own authority.
Mr. Healy—Will you tell me what autho
rity there was to tie Mr. Skeffington's handl
behind his back and take him out as 4
hostage ? I don't know.
Did you see this man
With His Hands Tied
1 behind his baok? I did.
i
Where w a s t h a t operation performed ? I i
front of the guardToom.
Who tied him?- I don't know.
Who gave the orders for the tying? 1
don't remember. '
What did the prisoner say when this iru
dignity w a s offered to him? I did not h*aj
him say anything.
Did you protest? No.
How many soldiers were there.' 1 don't
know.
Did you know what he was being takei
for? No.'
What did yon do on that night in accord
ance with your duty for the safety of youi
prisoner? 1 did not do anything except t<
inform the adjutant t h a t he had beei
taken.
- r
Did you write this report to the adjutant!
(Reading)—"An armed party undci
Captain J . C. BoWen-Colthurst hag jns
t
Passed Through My Guard
demanding and taking with them the las\
captured prisoner, Sheehy-Skeffington?
Yea.
Y o u sent that report at lx.10 p.m. ? Yea
The Chairman—You said you did not re
member putting in .1 report in writing, bu(
this (document read) looks as if you stunt
have dene so.
I t looks as though the Ad­
jutant did ask you to put it in writing, bu(
whether he did or not, you did put it hi
writing that Mr. Skeffington wa» brought
out, and this was written before he wail
brought back because you do not state so?
Witness—Yes... •
Tho Chairmanr-In the interest of this Ren
tleman, it should be pointed out that thii
report states, " A n armed party, undef
Captain Bowen-Coltburst, has just passed
through my guard, demanding and takin|
with him the last captnrsd prisouer."
h
that correct—did Captain Oolthurst dec
nband Mr. Skeffington?
I don't reiaembep
sh.
Witness stated, in reply U> further que*
lions, that when he wrole that report hi.
Jsnew Mr. Skeffington's name. j m d _ _ _ .
He Was the Last Man
that had been brought into the guard-room.
Mr. Skeffington was brought i n , he thought
while he was away for a meal.
The Chairman pointed o u t that there Tfraj
an hour Etated on the report "11.10 p.m."
Witness stated to Mr. Healy that hit
inference was correct that the report w»4
i n his writing.
Chairman—There is a statement in it "By
Orderly." That mean* sent to the Adjiitaut by an orderly? Yes.
Mr."Healy—This is no pencil sketch; H
is a deliberate report that y o u had to sif
down to w r i t s ? Y e *
Yon knew that this was something nn
usual in reference to the guard? Yes, sir.
You used the word " demanding the la«
j captured prisoner." How d^ 1 h e p u t hu
1 demand? That I do not remember, sir.
Did he put you under an obedience to bin,;
as your senior officer?
I
don't
re
member him speaking to me that night yj.
all.
Mr. Healy—This report somewhat con
tradicts that.
The Chairman—-No, indeed, it does not.
Mr. Healy—I said " somewhat."
The Chairman—Th* witness pays " I di
not remember his speaking to me thai
night." Y o u eay the report
Contradicts That.
With great respect, it does not; his ma
mory does not serve him and there t
nothing in the report which contradict!
what lie states.
" EXCUSING YOURSELF"
Do you observe, Lieut. Dobbin, that t h
phrase used is "An armed party undei
Captain Colthurst has just passed through
my guard." That seems to show that you
were overborne, does it not?
I don'l
understand your question.
" That you were placed under a tort
of constraint—doesn't it seem as if in thai
report you wsre excusing yourself for hav­
ing let' your prisoner out? No, siv.
Y*ou thought it was the most natural
thing in the world f
In taking the prisoner out, no.
You thought it was an irregularity? It
appeared to me to be such.
Therefore you reported it straight way ?
I did.
99
Dm* it max* aorrv impresr. ion on vou when
the Adjutant came to you?
I don't re­
member Jiihi corning tliat night.
'*%r?£jfa? H
Wiu;eau ct-utinusd to say that he re­
mained in the guardroom that night.
He
t'bad his meals in the officers' mesa.
lie
ci i not think ho 'met the Adjutant i n the
fisiicv..*' n.e*s.
Mr. Healy—Will you contradict anyone
'' -who says that
You W,ere Remonstrated With
t tot putting Mr. Sheehy-Skeffington in the
charge«f Captain CoWiuret tnat night?
The Chairman—lie does not suggest
y
1
utkat.
"
Mr, Healy—Would you permit me?
1
The Chairman said that seemed to him
i to suggest to the witness that somebody j
who was available and who had given testi­
mony had =said so, and if that was the case 1
j his (the Chairman's) .memory had failed
1 him.
M r Healy—Turn to tho evidence of the
Adjutant ou the second occasion.
Mr, Henry—It was before the writing he
saw him.
Mr. Healy accepted Mr. Henry's correc, tion.
Continuing, Mr. Healy asked,
"Before you wrota that report to the
Adjutant where did the Adjutant see
you?" I don't remember seeing him that
?'i»£t..••. ,
How come you to write that report,
th«n?
I t would be the usual thing to
J, do SO.
'« ' Do you usually release prisoners?
No.
Do you now say that the Adjutant didn't
see you that night? No, 1 don't.
The Chairman (interposing)—If you had
to
Rely On Your Memory
you would not be able to tell us that th •»
Adjutant had seen you, or that you h s i i j
vrittcn a report?
No, fir.
" I t goes to show," Ui© Chairm&n rfA !
marked, "that this gentleman's memory j
aboir^ wh.it happened is not very full or j
precise. 1 don't say that to blame him a | t
all. As a matter of- fact I think it %erjr I
Mr. Healy retorted that " You can -.>t \
out of everything by saying/ 1 u W f | \
know.' '
JV£M
The*witness, further c r o s s - e x a ^ s J ^ J s M
he saw the importance of Sergeant
1
Now at tha| time was Mr, flwffing|Q»\
hi the detention room, in the guardroom, i
or in a cell?
I don't know, sir.
I do
not remember when he wa« brought in and
I Don't Know Where He Was
when taken out.
May I put it like this—that Captain Col­
thurst came up to you at the gate and said
something to you—is that right? I don t
remember it.
Is this tho position—that if we had not
the written memorandum from you you
would not be able to tell us anything about
it? Bar that he took them out.
And that is your present state of memory?
You do not remember even writing that
letter? I dp.
You didn't when you came into that box?
No.
Witness further stated that he sent that
letter to the Adjutant by an orderly, wbewe I
name he did not remember. He did not re­
member
I
What the Adjutant Did
on getting the letter.
..•in taken
Surely you s.iw lias unhap
is back—
out, with his h«*h> tied bah
m l Oerthai must have made an unr
Vainly.
.
And
I t certainly mad© an impression,
•vou saw him inarched oft between a U>mb*ng party this unfortunate tied man toat
most have made an impression oa youi
The bombs that were put into their hand*
before their departure—that must have
wado some impression on you?
I dfcm t
aee any boob*.
*
_
—
Despatching the r3igeant
. to give that information.
*0$gU
"Then, of all this busmess>J*CT|
dav night, all you remember' U MM
Hheehy-Skeffington tiud with his ha
hind his liar!;? " said Mr. Heajyii**i?
Of course, Mr. Dobbin, y0«
the m.portauee in its bearing on the death of this
man next day ua to whether you r*roon»
•ttraied tlie night before or not? Yea.
The Attorney-General—You already asked
Mr Healy not to mako a suggestion of that
hind.
Mr. Healy—Is this fair to me?
The Attorney-General—It is quite fair.
Tbe Chairman eaid it was right to say
that, as far as they knew at present, there
was no evidence of anybody having
Remonstrated With This Witness
shout it.
Mr, Healy—I am only trying, with regard
k» the extraordinary circumstances, to find
sr»t what happened.
Further ctoss-examined, witness said he
lidu't know whether Mr. Skeffington was
>t;t into the cell bound after he was brought
feck.
He didn't know tbt .hour be r as
drought back or by whom.
Questioned as to Mr. Dirk son. he said he
-Viii'i- think that
He Made A n y Protest
ig particulars from Mr- Dick-
100
Did yott ever hear of s
QUESTIONING W O O E R S
A Grave Offence
Questioned by Mr. Healy as to wbethet
be knew that Dickson said ho was editor
of the " Eye Opener," and that Maelntyra
said he was editor of the " &earchlight,'
witness said ho thought he knew that the
ftext day.
A;;t< r the thing was all over? I think *o
Did vou i«*rn before "the death of this
flnp.il Dickson that be had declared his
Innocence ?
against civilisation? It struck me as most
peculiar at.the time.
You .were there in charge of eighteen fully
armed men and two sub-lieutenants,
gave you that order?
No.
I did not actu-
fl
Uy get an order.
Mr. Healy—Is it your view that you had I
no authority thcro as compared with Cap- ]
tain Colthurst? I had no authority there, :
is my opinion.
You say when Colthurst told you he was
going to shoot the prisoners that he said,
*' I think it is the correct thing to do, Dob­
bin"— is not that rather a consultative ques­
tion ? H e was not consulting we.
I , Did you say, " I don't think it ia, Cblthmst'?
No,
Did yoa think it was the right thing to
dor No.
And why didn't you say so? I did not
consider
No.
SheeUy-Okcfungion
and
why did ycu not defend your prisdhers* I
waa given an order, and obeyed it.
The Chairman—Was it Captain Colthurst
Is that equally true of Maclotyre? A*
far as I 'know.
We were told that these three prisoners
were questioned that niyht? I don't re­
member.
Lord Justice Molouy-The only evideneo
b that Mr. iSkefRngwm was questioned that
iii.it and that the others were not.
Mr. llealy (to witness)—Do you know
that
vMr.
prisoners
without trial? No.
Dkl it strike you in any way as
Was Questioned
tbat night? Nr
on knew the name of
The Chiima
on. because vou wrote
Mr. Bheehy-Ske
it in a report, Don't you kn
examined that evening? I t
was examined by an oJBcer.
son or s who cam
voursalf?
Not
It W a s
My Position
to do- so to a senior officer
Did \Otl know nn thnf W.^.U.-
-1~V*
I a
a, rumour to that effect
(ton.
„
I heard
< Mr. Healy—Lite was cheap that day.
,ui remark
The Chairman—Mr Healy, we have a
duty to this young officer.
Mr. Healy—So have I Sir John—a duty
to perform to a service for which I have a
grout reapoct and which I desire should re­
main in reject :'n this countrv—martial
country. {To witness)—You remained iileot j
during all this timet I did, «r.
|
You never said a word? No
And you thought it
when there would be an examination of
Ihem.
B u i &heehy4$kemngton was noti
promrht i n by an offtcer, and no doubt
ton. 1JI 1.. a is\ Vu* rtrwMLvOTHvV
V
Replying further TO Mr. Healy, witness
said M thfrnfwf there waa e n exaaniimtioa
ol the prisoners, but
l i e Did Not Remember Who Conducted I t .
Necessary to Send a Massage
to the Adjutant? Yes, sir.
Dud you lay to Captain Colthurst " Hold
your hand for live minutes until I send a
cyclist to the Adjutant?**. No.
Mr. Healy—\Vhy didn't you say to Col­
thurst, " Oiveus a reprievofor two seconds
and a quarter until the cyclist comes back"?
but witness in reply said he
on troth ot tbat, but he could
put some questions AS to
leehy-Sitemngton wee token
od put Into anotW and the
.[
General made a remark to
Un Castle they know
1
r
£"
i a j r m J
stock-still out in the court-
itepiymg to the Xbaipman, tlve witness
KVVJ be v»>as 19 years of agw. and got his
.••.>min)bsion in June, 1915. L'y to laet April
he had had no experience of shots bein-'
hied |n anger or in self defence. He didn't
give any orders far the opening of the cellrir,J
ral-T-You
take
a
Perhaps you expect
Possession of I t
ral—I think it will be
) other nneation*. said
witness that he
been oommitted,
-st took thd I.;-.;.
its yon knew a •
sea committed? |
WITNESS'S JOURNEY
The Attorney-General mentioned that the
last witness had lost hU transport and had
practically been travelling day and night
since Monday to get here.
The Chairman *aid Lieutenant Dobbin
had done everything which could be done
to help th.2111 in ascertaining tho facta, and
they were very grateful to him. I think <t
is right, continued the Cnairman, to men­
tion that we have seen that other document
which was mentioned by those who in­
structed you, Mr. Powell.
Mr. Healy—I was supplied with it in the
most frank manner by the solicitors.
Nothing could be more candid.
The Chairman—We do not propose, unless
you urge to the contrary, to go turther into
4U
they have no cells
flral—You seem to
».i there (laughter).
iy friend's appoint*
.^-\Js it true 'that when' the guard waa
changed from time to time that sometimes a
riflo Vent off by mistake? Very often, sir,
during that rebellion.
You had what I might cell a scratch lot
—all sorts of men, specimens from ten dif­
ferent units—on your guard? Yes, sir.
Tell me this quite candidly—as I expect
yo/i will do—until this inquiry, before it,
had you ever heard from anybody any' sug­
gestion that these men were pot shot to­
gether—was It ever suggested^ mooted or
rumoured, or discussed at all? No, sir.
Did you kiiow that at one time Lieut.
Wilson waa under the impression that
He Had Gone Twice
with two message* to the Adjutant? Yes,
sir.
You taunt have had some talk ovc this
dreadful tiling?
Yes, sir.
Ilia memory about it at one tiro w a a
that you sent him to take the mesas e to
the Adjutant that Captain Colthurst was
going to take these men out of the guard­
room, that he came back and that you
then sent him to say that he had taken
tbem out and was going to shoot them,
-and just at the end of the second me*ssage
the shots wern fared. That waa his
memory at one time, can you help us about
that.
It is very difficult to remember
accurately, but the only thing an honest
gentleman can say quite frankly is what
his own recollection is, whether it agrees
with others our not.
\\ itness—My recolleotion is. that I only
sent Lieut. Wilson once and Lieut. Tooley
ence.
That has always been your recollection?
Yes, sir.
n
_r
H
i i
^:'! * ~ ""
the other report
wnlen this gentleman signed, and which
he lent to the Adjutant. I think its terms
should be read. It Is detod 26th/4/'16,
whMh shows that it was written on the
Wednesday. Reporting to the Adjutant
he say*: —
'
S i r - 1 Was, in command of the main
quarter giuird. and at 10.20 a.m. Cant,
J . C. Bowen-Coltmirst earns into tho
guar Jroom.
ordered tlx of my guard
to .Hand to. Ho gave the order to the
sorgeaut of
gourd to bring out
Thomas " Pi
Patrick M'lntyre,
iigton, three of 'tho
civilian prisoners its my chaise, out of
the eel s into the yard attached to the
guardroom.
Shortly Afterwards I Heard Shots Fired.
Cspt. Colthurst left the guardroom. On
searching I found the prisoners dead.
That does not contain the second shooting,
but it happened. There is one matter I f
want you to be careful about. Up to tho !
time that you wont into, the yard and j
saw t
lot. had there
bem im
volleys thr.n one ? No, sir.
How i
after you hen|dfcliieiirsfc volley
did yoa
into the yer4>* %i about ten
seconds.
ectly Captain Colthurst left,
Are v.
had
dear that up to that time there
he'ei
Only One Volley?
out to be
Yos^ sir.
. •
'
,
.
.
.
'
Mr. Healy—I fall in with your views.
In reply to the Chairman,
Mr. Powell said he did not propose to
examine Mr. Beattie as there was
No Substantial Difference
in the evidence he could give and that of
Mrs. Kettle in regard to the treatment of
herself and Mrs. Culhane in the barracks.
The Chairman said there was another
point mentioned by Mrs Kettle which was
more important than the, point of being
marched about under an escart. That is a
thing, said the Chairman, which in these
troublous times ladies must excuse. The
thing which we feel a little more important
is the statement which Mrs. Kettle made
that when she inquired on the Friday she
was told by »n officer that nothing waa
known about Mr. Skeffington.
Mr. Powell—I understood she said it was
Captain Colthurst told her that.
The Chapman—No. I want to know
whether i may take it from you that th*
facts are aa she stated.
Mr. Powell—You may.
Mr. Healy—Therefore the evidence ef
Mrs. Pheeby-Skeffington and Mrs. Kettle
Stands Uncontradicted,
mr. bbowh's speech
. Mi\ T . W. Brojrn then addressed the \
I Court on behalf o r his client*, Major Roa'borough and Lieutenant Morgan.
Both
j these gentlemen, he said, welcomed that
j inquiry in order that all the facts might be
gone into from their point of view. That
•had been a very full inquiry. Not only ail
I the military witnesses who had been called,
hut also all the civilians who knew anything
! whatever about these circumstances, had
been called, and had given the Commission
the pit-most assistance they could, in their
power.
They welcomed the inquiry also
because they hoped and trusted that one re­
sult of the inquiry would be that an end
would be put to the
Attacks That H a d Been Kade Upon Them
—not by the Commissioners, he was glad to
say, nor by any of the parties connected
with the inquiry. I n other p'.acee attacks
had been made upon Major Rosborough and
Adjutant Morgan for the way in which
they behaved with regard to these prisotners. He only proposed.to deal with the
• matter very slightly, and he would ask the
j Court to tako iruto account, in dealing with
their condu* t and treatment of these priso­
ners throughout this unhappy affair, two
•things. One-was the state of the city at
that time ; and the other was., the condi­
tion of Portolwllo Barracks. He thought,
in dealing with the treatment of these men,
it would not make
A True Picture
^
if the condition of Portobello ijSirracks and
the condition the men were in—their excited
condition, and the great strain'and pressure
j under which they did their work—were not
I considered.
Their heeds," s;:id \lr^- Brown, "were
almost turned w i t h the amount of work
they had to lo. and I think that condition
of affairs ought to be fairly taken into ac­
count when dealing w i t h tlieir conduct on
those-, few days.'
Referring to Major
Rosborough s evidence, ho said Major Rosborough, as for as he could, was careful
t h a t the men under his command, many of
whom he had never soen before,
Should Not Do A n y t h i n g Rash,
that they should deal with the civilian
popiilatioa i i . a w r y trying time as care­
fully and a* cautiously as they could. A *
to A d j u t a n t Morgan. M r . * Bvown said
ne.gCr*"-"
!•:«•*•* acted very properly as
far as h? Was coiioeraed. He. went to the
guardroo-n and seeing that Mr. Skeffington
belonged to a ' d i l i c r m t station in life from
the other prisoners* he ordered, for bin
comfort, that lie should be put in a separate
instructions
depart.-merit,
w i t h reuard
Thev had evid1
1
i u
J}gg3 v7«w Sent Across
jfrorfl some [;irt of tho barracks for hia
breakfa*t.
\h also got
clean
linen—
towels—and cutlery fer him, in order that
he might be maiie as comfortable as he
could while ha was there.
M r . Healy adij-'ttrscl thai. M r Morgan acted towards Mr.
Hkeffingfcon as fairly as he could under the
circumstances.
Dealing with the t a k i n g out of M r . Skef­
fington from t l w guardroom, M r . Browne
.^aid In such t r y i n g times as then existed, i t
might be advisable, in order to learn the
whereabouts of certain parties, t o take out
a prisoner
The Chairman said he should be very sorry
that that would he the views the military
authorities would
take, rave »nder
the
mcst exceptional circumstances.
I t seemed
j to h i m that they were on the strongest
ground
/
When Tli9y Reprobated Scch Conduct.
Mr. Browne—That is the attitude they
have always taken up, that it was an irregu­
lar proceeding, for which there was no au­
t h o r i t y whatever.
H e felt certain t h a t in
dealing w i t h tha action of Major Rosborough
and L i e u t . Mo.-gan that they would consider
the great strain under which
they were
working, and he trusted that any shadow
that might have l»een hanging over either
of these men might be once and for all re­
moved.
The Chairman remarked that Major Ros­
borough was the officer in command on the
Tuesday and the Wednesday.- He wished
to know up to what date that officer was in
command.
Mr. Brown—Up to Saturday, the 29th.
Counsel explained that the late Colonel
Allett returned on Thursday or Friday, but
did not assume command, although he wa«
Major Rosborough a senior officer.
mi
Not On The Pield Of Honour,
fighting the common foe, but on the streets
ot Dublin against their own countrymen,
Mid in a rebellion fostered by an <• .< p.y
who having failed to penetrate the <
on*ered to atnke a deadly blow at the
hearts of the Empire.
'There are nuMjy
who revile the soldiers now whose ears on
Easter Monday were strained for the sound
of the tranif) of soldiers feet.
He did not
agreej with Mr. Healy that the D . M . P .
could hava rertotwd order, and furthermore
he was afraid that that rebellion
was
u.-Ji?rod in by the
1
MB. POWELL^ ADDRESS
Mr Powell then,'addressed the Court on
behalf of the military authorities, and said
ms duty had been to give every assistance
in his power to the Commissioners, to sup­
ply them with every information within the
power or procurement of the military autho­
rities ; to refrain from appearing as an ad­
vocate for any particular officer whose con­
duct was impugned, or against whom re­
sponsibility was alleged, and to see that no
obstructioff should be placed in the way of
tiie Commission in
The Search After the Truth,
Counsel went on to say that the speech de­
livered by Mr. Uealy had gone far and
wide. Mr. H«aly filled the newspapers here
as jn another place, he ailed the House
He woe on* of their most gifted advocate'-i"
and j f he wae aora* Jfa;e.s bitter Jio had «
most kindly .heart.
He counsel was sure
had been greatly moved* bv the deplorable
^L l ^^- x^
\
Commission had
+
J'j'^
•
'
*°
be atttiomed tit* circumstance thai Mr. Healv
made charge* and suggemtipna which ft
,
W
e ,
1 8
h i c h
n
g
a
h
n
d
Cold-Blocdod Murder of a Policeman
at the Chstlo gate.
He did not agree that
the conditions which prevailed et Porto*
j objecthmahle forma.
The soldier would
j face the guns he see* bravely, but the
j expectation of snipers—the ballet from
Tho Unseen Hand
would unnerve the bravest* man.
Counsel
asked the Commissioner* to remember that
it was under (he circumstance* described
tliat' the m*n were arrested.
SK»flKfiW3~/lRBEST
"A
o
t
h
a
t
would be hie (M. Powell's) duty to point
out were
Without Foundation.
The event* of the rebellion were tragic,
and everyone would pray that the dark
cloud which ovenihadm-.'ed their country
might soon pass away.
Counsel made re­
ference to the grief which must till tlte
hearts of the relative* of theee three unfortuuwte eeutlemeu, and said they would
believe him genuine when he stated that
those for whom he appeared—and he had
been asked to associate General Maxwell
and the Headquarters fcttaif—
Deeply Sympathised
with tl*em in thew sorrow.
The officer
who committed these grievou* wrong*,, an
efficer of sixteen years service, had been
convicted of wilful murder, and his career
had terminated In that which wee worse
ni^of the madhojse.
Mr. Hein<P had
truly, that they we're a m
vvurithai if you wounded one of
ded all.
That observalioi
Irish soldiers, for thoy, too
Mr. Healy had said that the rec
for ti:e tragi' event* they were11
ing must fall on one regiment atone,
A n Irish Regiment,
and they felt that vey deeply.
But now
at th* end of eeveral day* l n r e ^ a u o a the
only suggestion of leaponsibrtity agKiuut
any officer In that regiewnt other <han. the
one dwnonted nun, for the tragedy of tha
26th April was made in relation to the con­
duct of a couple of subalterns with lean
than one vear's eervwe,
Jong oat of W .
uur*ery, end ^ho had probably
ou.y
learned the first great rule of army * a ciphne, that when they received an order
from a superior officer " their e not to
reason why "—they must obey.
M M .
Skeffington, a very cultured ^ - j b a d toxi
them tbat when they vera searching her
hu.band'e bouse she heard one a l l A e soidiers aay, " W e did not enl»t for this.
" T f e a r * eaid Mr. Powell, " that maoy a
J d i e , iaid that as he fail
ments of our cityJ ^ . ^ J " ? * !
fctiuchen mother and wife » i d
I t * not
for this we gave up our ™ n to our
co.irrtrv," and the anguish of many M mt«nrkied tc-d»y by the knowledge that ttoeae
men fd\
- -
MCST
WKHHV
EP1SDDT
On resuming aiu*r luuclteon,
Mr. Powell said thev had lbs eiiv.im.
f a c t
to
of
boil with Mr
was detained,
Three
I'laiiKliter)---a I
borough, started to raid K e l l y * flfeqi
Portol>ejlo Jkurack*. AptM«x<iiU* tht
WIM given to him, as it w*« ibnijfjjt
was
Oecnpied by Sinn Fcioers;
! luti. ii. ivinn r*A
i^
-1
—
r
mort loyal cdizen who had offerer ft*
servioea to hw King and country an* wa»
actually engaged at the time in munition
work. It Miirgeeaed, that the instruction*
weio intended for another gentleman of tV*
asm* nsme, but of that coansel knew
nothing. Captain Colthurai' Went with 40
men. Licutenunt Leslie Wilson eaid he was
ii c only oJhcer with him.
The Chairman— You have rot been able
to ascertain if there was nnv ether*
Mr. Povrelk-No. Mise Kelly might hsv*
taken an impoMiig sergeant-major far rn
cfltcer of very high rank.
The Chairman—In Captain Outburst's re­
port he refers to proceeding with 25 men.
That is not inconsistent with your statement
about 4l> men, because
He Left a Party with Lieut. Wilson,
and he refers to the conduct of the n<m*
commissioned officer* and men under hit
command.
Mr. Powell—That preclude* the possibilitv of any other officer being present.
Undoubtedly Captain Cblthurwt in soma
102
Moat Uncanny Episode
•which had been detailed by the witnesses.
Mr. Skeffington was asked to say his
prayers before be leit the barracks. Havjngrefiwed; they were 6aid for him in the
form that had been given by witnesses,
Captain Colthurst said them himself.
Mr. Healy—He said no prayers before
' he kflilled Coade.
Mr. Powell—I am sure that is meant in
; the kindliest way by my friend to see
that I will not forget auything.
I will
not forget it when 1 come-to deal with it.
I say that wae a
1
Terrible and Extraordinary Episode,
but there it is, and I „ think that at this
time Captain Colthurst was suffering from
some mental dist arbmce.
The party was
; divided.
In
two,
Mr.
Skeffington
I being
I e i | ^ with Lieutenant Wilson,
with ordp*
to shoot him if his
T party
wj«
fired
on.
Continuing,
' counsel said he had only to say in reference
to that that it appeared to those who in«
structed him thai the conduct of Captain
Colthurat in briugiug Skeehy-Skeffingten
out of the guardroom and of the subsequent
acts performed in regard to* it were wholly
unjustifiable. Adjutant Morgan said that
first Sergeant Maxwell and subsequently
Lieut. Dobbin told him that Captain Colthurst had taken Skeffington out of the
guardroom, and Major Bosborough said he
had no recollection of bein gtold until after
the shooting of the next day. On the way
to PortobeHo bridge occurred
Mr.
The Lamentable Shooting o! Goada.
Leslie Wilson's description of the
shooting of Coade did not agree with the
description of other witnesses and did not
agree with the description given by Mr»
Byrne, Mr. Devin, or Mr. Hughes. He
did not intend to analyse the evidence of
these throe civilian witu^ses because the
actual killing of the boy oy Captain Colthurst there could be no doubt of. It was
equally quite clear to say that was also
an absolutely nnjustifiable act on the part
of Captain Colthurst.
The incident was
most deplorable and showed
. Uncontrollable Mental Condition
of Captain Colthurst.
The Cliairman pointed o u t that the Com­
mission could not help leading to the con?
elusion on the evidence that trhere might
have been more than one shooting. They
w v e not concerned to investigate oilier
< 4 - O n tiie one hand, witnesses said
positively a revolver was used, and, on the
other hand, ether witnesses said equally
positively that it was a rffle. Had Mr.
Powell, he asked, any way of reconciling
Mr. Powell replied that he found it im­
possible to reconcile the evidence of Mr
the time, and the evidence of Mr. Byrne,
Mr. Devin, and M r . Hughes on the same
su-hiect matter.
The Chairman said for bis own part he
found it impossible. ILo had observed, of
conrse, that* Mr. Leslie Wilson was not
willing to accept the suggestion that Coade
was the name. He (Mr. Leslie Wil­
son) said he did not know the name
•Hit- all, and they were ferft in some doubt as
to whether
There Might N o t Be Another Incident.
j Mr. Powell—Of course you will under­
stand me when I «?,v t W r -m nnt.
there was one or two incidents to which
the same remark oppliedxit was utteriv
imjuet»#aihl,e, and he thought it suggested
that the menial «widition of Cbysem Col­
thurst was ve>ry curious And excited ait that
time.
On that night this raid was made
on Alderman Kelly s house ^assd ondouhtedly a bomb was thrown.
It wee believed
by Major Kosborough the*
Alderman
Kelly's iioaas was a ewongnoW held .bySinn Feiners, Jtud it wile necesearv to clear
the premises out.
Of course anybody who
knew tbe course of events during that ter­
rible week knew it was necessary to A - i n
entrance intotfhesebuildings to use IH^TTVOS.
Mr. Healy spoke in strong terms of
A Bombing Party
accompanying -Captain Gol&huret. On the
asgumfjtion that'Kelly's was iu the posses­
sion of Sinn feiner* a bombing party was
necessary. I t was from these buildings that
the unfortunate soldiers were sniped at and
rhot d o
along the street. Dickson and
Maclntyre were arrested under cimeumstances thqy had heard, and the three pri­
soners were brought to Portobello Bar­
racks. These three psjsoners were innocent
of the cvime of being associated with the
rebellion. If nothing but the arrest was
complained of it would, of course, be very (
regrettable, but in terrible days as these
were, it was
Inevitable That Innocent. Men Should Be
Arrested
and detained for a period.
The Chairman—Of course there are other
examples of other people who were un­
doubtedly innocent who were detained and
taken to the giiRrdroom. A thing of that
sort was very likely to happen, and it was
a great inconvenience and it might be a
great md:gnity. but it did not do any
permanent harm so long as it stopped at
that. I do not think we ought to be too
precise in condemning people who were *n
great difficulty in dealing with a question
of the sort.
Dealing with what occurred the next day,
Mr. Powell said they knew that Lieutenant
Dobbyn, i 'euttioanft TooJey, and Lieutenant
A. S. Wilson, three particularly young and
inexperienced otikjers,
V/ers in Charge of the Guard.
There was no opportunity upon that Tues­
day of exercising any very acuto discretion :
as to the different duties that the different j
officers were placed in. The barracks were
threatened—points of '-vantage in respect
of the barracks had been taken possession
of. They were a very feeble garrison, and
he bad no doubt that very alarming rumours
of the progress of events outside reached
Portobello Barracks. Of course, the older
and superior officers were detailed for more
responsible and 'arduous duties. They were
JikJe, and had various duties to perform
in regard to the
Receiving of Messages
from civilians and interviewing oivilians
at the main gate.
At about a quarterpast ten, as lie understood, Captain Colt­
hurst walked into the guardroom and
asked Sergeant Aldridge, the sergeant of
the guard inside, for those three pris­
oners, saying he wanted to speak to them.
Apparently he had just immediately pre­
vious to that sesn Mr. Dobbin outside,
and according to the evidence he Jhad
said, " Dobbin, I am taking these three
prieoners out of the guardrood; I am going
to shoot them; I think it is the correct
thing to do, Dobbin."
Mr. Dobbin was
then some distance from the guardroom,
«nd apparently he at once pent Mr. Wil­
son to Adjutant Morgan to tell him that
Colthurst had told him that
He Was Going to Shoot the Prisoners,
or according to Lieut. Morgan's evidence,
that Colthurst was going to take the pris­
oners out.
Undoubtedly the statement
that Colthurst made to Dobbin was to the
effect that he was going to shoot the pris­
oners. Mr. Dobbin did not appear to be
quite clear as to whether he told Wilson
to tell Morgan that Colthurst had said he
was going to shoot the prisoners.
It
would
appear
that
the
)v lance
o;
the
testimony
w*»
in
favour
of the message Lieiu. 'Moi-g-.i.. -aid ho got.
It seemed perfectly plain, counsel went on
to say, that all this unfortunate business oc­
cupied a small space of time. I t was stated
by Mr. Healy on his instructions that these
three men were < ' a n d hlholf ,!<1 ,i
w n
:
Qwti^^^&pSiAw,
said Mr."
Healy's point was that it appealed from the
»evidenee that there was no sound of protest
which could be heard, and Re not unnatur­
ally suggested that
The Men Did Net Protest, Because They
Could Not,
but Mr. Healy had no evidence that they
were gagged or bound, and he (the Chair-
t»an)
was quite
satisfied they . were
i not,
and
ho
was
not
without
hope that the view he had expressed would
i be generally shared. It appeare that these
I three men behaved with great dignity. It
was a,sudden and terrible ordeal, and he
was sure those who had reason to be
I specially attached to their memory would
not resent the conclusion that thay faced
' the circumstances and fell unbound.
Mr. Powell—And without any physical
force having to be resorted to. He quite
agreed with the evidence that there was
;
No Sign or Symptom of. Craven Fear
in the mind of these three urafortuiiate
gentlemen.
With regard to the statements
a« to a movement being observed in the
bedy of one of the men after the tiring, he
thought it .WMS perfectly plain the unfortunjute gentleman was dead, and he did not
follow the reasoning in Mr. Healy's mind
which prompted him to ask oue&tions sug­
gesting that he thought that under those
terrible circumstances Mr. Dobbjn should
have *g';t. orders from any particular officer
as to #fcig another volley into the u/iforti-nate man whieb. he. thought was fatally
injured but not entirely dead.
The Chairman said the sergeant took the
other view, that the three men had been
killed.
Mr. Powell -said lie though tihat was the
general view.
1
Counsel went on to discuss at length the
incidents i n the guardroom previous to the
shootings, and S i r J . Simon said he did
not think anybody would doubt that Lieut.
Dobbin, when he heard the firing, went
to see what happened. I t would appear
that some time after the shootings Capt.
Colthurst went to the orderly-room and
told L t . Morgan that he had shot the
iisoners. A little later he appeared to
ave told M a j . Bosborough, and he was
told then to report in writing.
Capt. Colthurst made a report on that
day, and anybody who read the report
must come to the conclusion that a great
many of the statements in that report
were absolutely without foundation.
The suggestion contained in the report
that these prisoners were trying to" escape
was without foundation. Anybody who
saw the Portobello Barracks, and the yard
where these men were shot would be forced
to come to the conclusion that a statement
that there was any apprehension of these
men escaping was absolutely without foun­
dation.
S
Sir J . SUnon—As regards rescue. I can­
not conceive the slightest reason why there
should be a rescue of these people more
than any others in the place.
Mr. Powell said there was also a state­
ment that <"apt. Colthurst was up to a late
hour examining documents. There were
no documents found on Mr. MTntvre, and
none were found on Mr. Dickson of an in­
criminating character. T h e documents
found on Mr. Skeffington were with refer­
ence to the policing of the streets, and were
not of an incriminating character.
Sir J. Simon—You might examine tho
whole lot without sitting up to 3 o'clock
in the morning.
"A D A N G E R O U S D O C U M E N T . "
Mr. Powell—I examined thern in about
two or three minutes. There was a docu­
ment called "Secret Instructions to the
Military," which undoubtedly must be
characterised as a very dangerous docu­
ment, because it suggested that the mili­
tary authorities h s d prepared a plan of
a very aggressive character, and the names
of very distinguished persons were men­
tioned whose houses were to lie surrounded,
while it was said that a regular onslaught
was to be made by the military. Counsel
quite recognised that Mr. Skeffington. being
a journalist, would have an extraordinary
document of the kind in his house. B^vond
^hat no document of a dangerous character
was found in the house of any of the de­
ceased men.
-~
SIGNIFICANT REQUEST.
Omnsel was
^ ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^ d
Skcmiuton wfc«« M r , H e a l * ©bsenca
"Perhaps you will now give her back her
bed linen."
,,
-•
Mr. Powell said the Adjt. would not take
any responsibility i n the matter. H e was
the alter ego of the commanding officer, en­
titled and bound to give the orders ho
would give if he were present. H e dis­
claimed responsibility, but he coidd not
prevent. How could they attribute to the
subalterns blame for not doing that which
Adjt. Morgan, with far greater authority,
would not do?
Sir jT. Simon—That does not strike me
as quite doing justice to Adit. Morgan.
The only information he had was that
conveyed i n the message that these .1 men
were going to be taken out into the yard.
Mr. Powell—I think that is a very rea­
sonable suggestion to make—that it was
present to his mind that this terrible act
was about to be committed. Counsel said
he accepted Mr. Healy's disclaimer of re, sponsibility as regards Adjt. Morgan. Mrs.
j Kettle and Mrs. Culhane were under mis­
apprehension that they were under arrest
I in the barracks.
Sir J . Simon referred to the fact, that
they were informed that there was no
information about Mr. Skeffington, and
that was two days after the shooting.
" C R U E L HEARTLESSNESS."
Mr. Powell said what had occurred mighr
appear to . be cruel heartlessness i n not
telling them what had happened, but it
was very difficult in the atmosphere of h
court oi justice, after such a long period
had elapsed, to gauge the feelings of the
officers as to their responsibility at that
terrible time.
Sir J . Simon—It is a very remarkable
incident to my mind. T h e officer said " I
know nothing whatever about M r . Sheehy
Skeffington"; and that was two days after
he was shot. The ladv said they had defi­
nite information that fie had been arrested,
and they had heard that morning, on defi­
nite authority, thatshe bad been shot. Ho
replied: " I have no information whatever
concerning M r . Sheehy Skeffington that is
available, and* the sooner you leave the
barrackR the better."
Mr. Powell—I accent that evidence.
I
don't contravene the testimony of Mrs.
Kettle.
Counsel said a cruel charge had
been made against the> military.
I t was
stated or suggested that certain bricks had
been removed -from tha wall of the yard in
which tho three unfortunate men were
shot. T h a t was done by Col. M'Cammond's
instructions i n order to repair the damage
done to the appearance of the wall caused
iby the bullets.
REASON FOR T H E INQUIRY.
Sir J.- Simon returned thanks to all who
had helped the Commission, and said the
report would be presented to his Majesti­
es soon as possible.
Mr. Healy joined
with the other legal gentlemen concerned
in appreciation of the manner in which
th« inquiry had been conducted.
He men­
tioned that Mrs. Skeffington. in pressing
for the inquiry, had no other desire than
that there should be placed in contra­
distinction to the severities
exercised
against, others the treatment which she*
and her unfortunate husiband, as well as
other victims, had received.
S i r J . Simon
said he hoped the result of the inquiry
I might prove to be for the future good of
i Ireland.
.-ilL.*
TO
MY DAUGHTER BETTY-^.
f
THE GIFT OF LOVE.
•
[These are the last verses written by the late
Lieutenant Kettle—a few days before his death
in action at Ginchy.]
I n wiser days, my darling rosebud, blown
To beauty proud as was your mother's prime—
I n that desired, delayed, incredible time
You'll ask why I abandoned you, my own,
And the dear breast that was your baby'6
throne,
To dice with death, and, o h ! they'll give you
rhyme
And reason; one will call the thing sublime,
And one decry i t in a knowing tone.
So here, while the mad guns curse overhead,
j
And tired men sigh, w i t h mud for couch and
floor,
Know that we fools, now w i t h the fool^h dead, j
Died not for Flag, nor King, nor Emperor, I
But for a dream, born i n a herdsmau shed
And for the secret Scripture of the poor.
1
T H E BAG I N C I D E N T .
Counsel also referred to the charge of
(Planting Mr. Dickson's bag i n Aid. Kelly's
house, and said that matter had been dis­
posed of. Miss Kelly's evidence was very
•important. She told about a lame^eoldier
laying the bag at her brother's house.
**he appeared to have thought the soldier
aras endeavouring to capture her imagina­
tion by saying he was the Prince of Wales
daughter).
u S i r J . Simon—And was he? (renewed
Bughter).
Proceeding, S i r J . Simon said
inat the Court accepted S i r Francis Vane'a
sicount of the bag—that he knew nothing
tlout it.
nMr. Powell also accepted it.
T h e point
bis that, the bag was in Aid. Kelly's, and
pmd its way to Portobello Barracks. Miss
I d l y said it was brought away by the
tldiers.
T h a t appeared to be the sub<nce of the case,
a ' T h e act of ('apt. Colthurst in shooting
ipse 3 men was," s a i d M r . Powell, " a
e-rible thing.
No language in characfdsing it could be taken to he an exam­
ination.
I t was really an act of manis.
T h e shooting of Coade was a. terle net.
B u t let not the public be cari away by their indignation. L e t them
- place ths harden t h a t should in jus• he laid upon one man only, upon ths
aiders of those who were not reepone.
lyet them not put the disgrace, the
im, on the heads of soldiers who were
laying out their duties under circumces of the greatest possible difficulty,
let, it not be forgotten that they
r e d also terribly i n the discharge of
c
T.
M.
KETTLE.
I n the Field before Guillemont, Somme,
September 4th, 1916.
" A
M O T H E R
§ P E A K S . "
The following poem was written by P . H . P E A R S E
in K i l m a i n h a m Gaol, for his mother, May,
1916:—
Dear Mary, who didst see t h y first-born Son
Go f o r t h t o die amid the scorn of men for
whom He died,
Receive m y first-born son i n t o t h y arms,
And
keep h i m by thee t i l l I come to h i m .
Dear Mary, I have shared t h y sorrow
And
soon shall share t h y j o y .
103
\ WHAT WE HAVE LOST
IN IRELAND.
By
STEPHEN
GWYNN,
M.P.
Mr. Stephen
Gwynn,
who
contributes..<
below a deeply interesting
article
on the
Irish question, has been Nationalist
M.P.
for Galway City since 1906. Educated
at
Brasenose College, Oxford, his sentiments
are typically Anglo-Irish.
He is a good
sportsman and a versatile writer.
He left
England twelve years ago to live in Ireland.
W h i l e t h e A l l i e d armies—Russian, F r e n c h ,
a n d B r i t i s h — a r e f o r t h e first t i m e t u r n i n g t h e
flood of b a t t l e aga i n s t t h e enemies o f l i b e r t y i n
E u r o p e , i n a n o t h e r q u a r t e r t h e A l l i e d cause
has suffered disaster.
Germany struck at the Allies i n I r e l a n d , and
t h e blow w e n t home. I t was n o t t h e h a m m e r s t r o k e o f a r t i l l e r y a n d massed c o l u m n s ; i t was
a t h i n g more f o r m i d a b l e , t h e p r i c k of a s k i l l e d
o p e r a t o r ' s needle c a r r y i n g poison. Y e t t h e blow
m i g h t have been c o u n t e r e d . Y o u had t h e a n t i ! dote t o t h a t deadly t o x i n , b u t i t was n o t used.
T h e r e has never been a case i n w h i c h d i s ­
t i n c t i o n was more s h a r p l y d r a w n between t h e
G o v e r n m e n t a n d t h e people of E n g l a n d . Since
t h e o u t b r e a k of t h i s t r o u b l e t h e E n g l i s h people,
as reflected i n ' t h e i r Press, h a v e shown t h a t
willingness t o c o m p r e h e n d w h i c h i s t h e best
p a r t of wisdom. Especially has t h i s been t r u e
of The Daily Mail, t o w h i c h one looks f o r t h e
o p i n i o n of t h e o r d i n a r y m a n o r w o m a n w h o is
citizen rather t h a n politician.
I t is i n r e a l
g r a t i t u d e t h a t I , as a n I r i s h N a t i o n a l i s t ,
a t t e m p t t o m a k e those who h a v e u n d e r s t o o d so
m u c h u n d e r s t a n d s t i l l m o r e o f w h a t was—and
perhaps s t i l l i s — a t issue i n t h i s d a r k business.
Nobody w i l l care t o deny t h a t I r e l a n d has
been E n g l a n d ' s h i s t o r i c f a i l u r e — t h e p o i n t
where E n g l i s h qualities have shown themselves
most a t f a u l t . J u s t because i n t h i s w a r E n g l a n d
rose t o i t s highest level of a t t a i n m e n t I r e l a n d
was a danger. The great debate o f A u g u s t 4,
1914, made i t clear t o a n y c a n d i d observer
t h a t Great B r i t a i n w o u l d never have e n t e r e d
thi6 w a r whole-heartedly except i n defence of
t h e liberties of a weak n a t i o n .
The m o r a l a u t h o r i t y w h i c h she b r o u g h t w i t h
her was a n incalculable asset t o t h e A l l i e d
Forces. I r e l a n d was t h e danger, because I r e l a n d
was t h e test of E n g l a n d ' s m o r a l a u t h o r i t y as
champion of freedom f o r s m a l l n a t i o n a l i t i e s .
T h a t is w h y M r . R e d m o n d ' s famous speech o n
t h a t f o u r t h of A u g u s t (1914) found such an echo.
W e d i d our u t m o s t t o m a k e good. T h o G o v e r n ­
m e n t t h a n k e d us—and d i d n o t h i n g . I f t h e y h a d
i n s t a n t l y s a i d : W e w i l l use y o u r V o l u n t e e r s ,
and t h e U l s t e r V o l u n t e e r s , t o g u a r d r a i l w a y s
a n d b r i d g e s ; we w i l l give y o u i n s t r u c t o r s , even
t h o u g h we can only spare one c r i p p l e d v e t e r a n
to ©very thousand m e n ; we w i l l g i v o you rifles,
even t h o u g h f o r t h e present y o u m u s t d r i l l
witjh wooden guns, I r e l a n d w o u l d have t a k e n
t h a t as an earnest of f u l l acceptance. I n s t e a d of
t h i s we h a d a six weeks' w r a n g l e as t o w h e t h e r
t h e H o m e R u l e B i l l should become l a w , and a
t a c i t refusal even t o f o r m an e x p l i c i t l y I r i s h
d i v i s i o n . E n g l a n d l o s t t h e golden m o m e n t , a n d
t h a t s p l i t on t h e V o l u n t e e r s began w h i c h opened
t h e w a y for G e r m a n i n t e r v e n t i o n .
OFFICIAL
COLD
WATER.
W h e n I blame t h e G o v e r n m e n t I blame t h e
g o v e r n i n g classes o n b o t h sides. I f M r . B a l f o u r
or M r . B o n a r L a w had said t h e n , w h a t they say
now, t h a t H o m e R u l e on t h e Statute-book is
s o m e t h i n g o t h e r t h a n a mere scrap of paper,
t h a t utterance w o u l d have been w o r t h t o us t e n
thousand more r e c r u i t s . T h e i r silence played
t h e game of those;—and t h e r e were such—who
det-sted t h e g r o w t h of I r i s h N a t i o n a l i s t r e g i ­
ments, because every m a n w h o joined u n d e r
s u c h auspices joined—as The Daily Mail has
seen—on t h e f a i t h o f a H o m e R u l e s e t t l e m e n t .
•
Q "wz& November before Mr. Redmond got
the sixteenth division launched, and if official
cold water is health-giving it shouldhavethriven
from the first. I speak of what I know, for I
gave to recruiting work whatever time was not
occupied by my duties, whether in the ranks or
as an officer, until the duties left no time at all.
Everywhere you had friendly audiences—and
everywhere men came round and 6aid to you.
secretly " The Act is on the Statute-book—buV
isn't the Government fooling you after a l l ? "
The war went on. Irish regiments fought, as
they had fought before; the Press correspon­
dents wrote of them, but the despatches were
silent. I t was one more fatality—one new
blunder. Then came the rising. ; I was with
the Irish troops in the trenches and I know how
they took it—as men who felt themselves
stabbed in the back. But as news of the punish­
ments came in a new indignation rose up in
them. I t seemed to them that all Ireland was
being put into the dock, and Mr. Dillon's
speech, which raised so much resentment here,
was read by them with approbation.
Yet the
Press made it clear that England at least, what­
ever the Government might do, knew that in
this war Ireland had been (in Meredith's phrase)
" no longer England's broken arm," and that
the true spirit of Ireland bad been displayed
not in Dubhn bub in the trenches.
When I came home at the end of May it
seemed to me for a moment as if the Govern­
ment shared that generous gratitude.
They
proposed to deal with the Irish difficulty by
trusting Ireland. They—including the leaders
of both parties—asked Irish public men to take
over the charge of governing Ireland at a time
when the task was of extraordinary difficulty.
T H E GOVERNMENT
RESPONSIBLE.
I t is, perhaps characteristic of their minds
that they and their supporters go about at the
present time not declaring openly but hinting
that the Nationalist leaders ran away from the
ordeal. The accusation of want of courage and
consistency comes well from them te the man
whom they sent with a written agreement to
secure acceptance of elaborately specified and
most unwelcome terms. Agreement was secured
by courage and by the utmost exertion of per­
sonal influence, but carte blanche to negotiate
further was neither given nor asked for.
I t appears now that there was a misunder­
standing, and that the terms offered were not
those by which the Government would stand.
For that misunderstanding the Government
must take entire responsibility, and unfortu­
nately, because they speak in the name of Eng­
land, Ireland's confidence in the fair dealing
of England is terribly shaken. England's moral
authority in Ireland is at a discount.
And
because Ireland, though a small country, is one
of the world's nerve centres, an impression there
is far felt. Not much news from America passes
the censorship, arid Englishmen will not be
wholly aware what, in this wide aspect, has been
lost to England and to the Allied cause.
But apart from this greater issue to us in
Ireland, one loss is dreadfully plain. There
seemed to be a chance that self-government
might be inaugurated, under very grave diffi­
culties, it is true, yet under this happy omen,
that both the great parties in England would
be pledged to make the best and not the w *rst
of it. More and far more than that, it sejems
now that it might have started almost with the
friendly co-operation, and certainly with the
good will, of most powerful elements in the
ranks of Unionist Ulster. That chance is let
go by to-day; if it recurs it will be by a kind
of miracle which British statesmanship has
neither right nor reason to expect.
To-day British statesmanship in Ireland is
bankrupt. The word is with the soldiers, now
as before the rising. Their work - goes on.
Orangemen come back to Belfast wounded, and
pay their visits to the Falls Road with news of
this or that Catholic who has fought or fallen
beside them. Catholics come back and hobble
on crutches to Sandy Row with tidings of the
Ulster Division. So a web is woven of common
losses, of glories shared, and in the end, in
spite of the statesmen, blood may be thicker
"Things m a y yet come r i g h t in* I r e l a n d . B u t i n
the m e a n t i m e Germany has w o n a v i c t o r y ,
n o t i n I r e l a n d , f o r i n I r e l a n d w e defeated t h e m ,
b u t here a t W e s t m i n s t e r , a n d i t is L o r d L a n s d o w n e a n d his associates w h o deserve t h e I r o n
Cross*.
insurgent
Ceader's
Deatl)
Poem.
The following poem was composed by the late Mr. P. H .
PKARSB
while awaiting the carrying out of the sentence of death :—
T
The
H
E
W A Y F A R E R .
beauty of this world hath made me s a d ;
This beauty that will pass ;
Sometimes my heart hath shaken with great joy
To see a leaping squirrel in a tree,
Or a red lady-bird upon a stalk,
Or little rabbits in a field at evening
L i t by a starring sun ;
On some green hill, where shadows drifting by,
Some quietude, where mountainy men had sown,
And
some would reap, near to the gate of heaven ;
Or children with bare feet upon the sands of some ebbed sea,
Or playing on the streets of little towns in Connasht—
-
Things young and happy.
And
then my heart hath told me
These will pass !
Will pass and change, will die and be no more,
Things bright and green, things young and happy,
And
I have gone upon my way—sorrowful.
P. H . P E A U S E .
F A T H E R
S H E E H Y .
Thin photograph of
the late Rev. E u ­
gene Sheeny, with
his. friend, C .
Parnell, was taken
at CJork after Father
Shcehy's
release
from
Kilinainham.
Arising out of a de­
bate in Parliament
on h'ifi arrest, Mr.
Parnell and all the
Irish
Nationalist
members were «uspended.
_
105
T h e Commission of Inquiry into the
Portobello shootings resumed its sittings
to-day in the Court of Appeal, when there
was again a large attendance of the public.
A t the sitting of the Court,
Mr. J . Edelstein said—Kindly allow me
to hand in these documents that you asked
for, Sir John.
T h e Chairman—Will you sit down?
Mr. Edelstein—I am simply handing i n
what you asked for.
The Chairman—Hand them in privately.
You need not do it publicly. Hand them
to an officer.
Mr. Edelstein baring done so, said—-per­
haps you will note their contents.
A
BOMBER'S
FATHER
on
>ng
lay
I t is right (continued the chairman) that
we should remember this is an anonymous
statement, and nothing like the statement
of a person who could be cross-examined. '
I t is a statement which was written down
apparently shortly after the event, and it |
goes to show that a riflo was used, and
Id
if that account is accurate it was
used very violently.
1
son
;he
re­
ni­
ns
n\r
M.
ISIS-
ag
on
iilerto
Renst
the
* of the
l
o
a
d
Althing T i l ^ y * ' ^ V ™ ; ,
! L
jband man; fire low »' A ™ i u *H i ,
£
and that Was the last
followed
I One thing you have not mode quite clear.
Mr. Healy—I presume, then, that Mr.
Powell might, under these circumstances,
desire to postpone his statement until Lieu­
tenant Dobbin arrives, because I wouid
suggest that his evidence k essential, and
also every document which he signed or
brought up, or i n reference to which he is
examined. So that when he has now be­
come the central, if. not the most import­
ant, witness, those who are conducting this
difficult matter from the poLi*- of view of
the relatives should know what he has
said.
I t may be thought that 1 have
criticised the military authorities severely,
but I wish to acknowledge, having regard
to the difficulties of the case, that I have
got a great deal of information from the
military authorities that
n g h
"No A r r a n g e m e n t to Suppress
Facls"
The Chairman next requested the re
call of Father O'Loughlin, and the revgentleman having entered the witness box
the Chairman said—Our attention has beei
called to a statement as appearing in tht
newspapers which might possibly 6eem tc
c»vct BOiue reflection upon you, and our at
tention having been recalled to it, w<
think it fair to ask you to come back about
it. The statement may be thought to sug­
gest you had not given information as
freely as you thought it your duty to do,
and had taken part in some arrangement
to suppress or not to publish facts that
came to your knowledge.
May I" put a
question—Did you put any difficulties in
the way of Mrs. Sheehy-Skeffington seeing
you ?—None whatever.
Published In a n A u s t r a l i a n
Paper
TO S E E T H I S C R I T I C I S M .
The statement is an anonymous statement;
the name of the informant is not given.
On the other hand, its materiality would
appear to be that since it was published i
in Austi-alia as early as the beginning of
July, it must have been written very
shortly after the events occurred.
Mr. Healy—And long before there was
any conflict established between witnesses
in this court.
The Chairman—Perhaps you will allow
me to state how it stands. I t stands in
this way. This is a copy of an Australian
newspaper—a Mellxuirne newspaper—pub­
lished in Melbourne on the 6th July, and
it contains a letter that professes to record
the experiences of an Australian officer,
and in view of the distance of Australia
from this country, it is clear if this is a
genuine letter it' must have bsen written
shortly after the event, and the thing that
is material is this:—
'* They called for bombers, and I was
turned over to a captain—an enormous
man, about 6ft. 4in. A t 10.30 we went to
attack a shop," and so on. And this is
the sentence that is material:—
" Near the barrack we saw three
men. The captain wanted to know
their business, and one answered
back, so the captain just knocked
him insensible with the butt of his
rifle."
o f f e ^ W ^ S ^
w o r d
7
STATEMENT
Mr. Healy—Sir John, there has «ached
me from Belfast in a sealed wrapper a
newspaper which, as it contains a corro­
boration of Lieut. Leslie Wilson's state­
ment as against my witnesses, I think i t
only candid to bring before the court. I
suppose it is sent by some friends of his.
I t seems to be an Australian paper.
The Chairman—Might 1 see it.
Mr. Healy handed up the paper, and
while the Commissioners were examining
it counsel remarked: " You see it says a
rifle, not a revolver."
The Chairman—I see the sentence.
Mr. Healy handed in the wrapper which
contained the newspaper, a n d said the
postmark was Bejfast. " And this is a Bel­
fast regiment," added counsel.
Lord Justice Molony—It is an Australian
paper.
Mr. Healy—It came to the court this
morning.
The Chairman—It is a Melbourne paper,
and apparently it was issued i n Melbourne
on the 2nd July.
Mr. Healy—Yes, i t came to the court
this morning and I thought it necessary
to bring it before the. court.
The Chairman—Mr. Powell, it is open to
both you and your learned friend
O'LOUGHLIN
t h e
Of course we understand you were very
busy at the time. Were you i n any wayj
a party to any arrangement not to let the
relatives know
what
happened?—None
whatever. I considered being an official
IN T H E P U B L I C S E R V I C E
I would be debarred from making use of
any information 1 obtained i n my official
capacity.
Mr. Healy—May I put this question—to
ask the rev. gentleman did he on Tuesday
night inform the Coade family of
the
death of their boyf—I did, because that
Avas not a case that happened inside the
barracks. He was not in the barracks, and
the medical officer went 60 far as to ask
me to bring round the information to the
parents.
The Chairman—The thing is, were you
party at all to an arrangement such as I
mention P-rThere
was no arrangement
whatever.
The rev. gentleman then left the box.
The Chairman said they were told on
Saturday by M r s . Kettle that she and her
sister called-at the barracks on the Friday,
that she saw at the main gate a young
officer a^d lateT saw Capt. Colthurst. He
(the Chairman) had a6ked that an. inquiry
should be made as to who the officers were
who were on duty at the main gate a t t h a t
time. W h a t was the result?
Mr. Healy—The officer's name is Beatty,
we understand.
Mr. Powell said inquiries were being
made, and he hoped later on to
HAVE T H E INFORMATION.
The Chairman—The lady said the officer
she saw wa6 an officer who denied any
knowledge of what happened to Mr. Skeffington, and that Capt. Colthurst was re­
ferred to subsequently and 6aid there was
no information available. We should like
to see the young officer, and 6 e e how his
own recollection serves him. T h i s was a
thing we were anxious to check, because i t
is very important as Bhowing whether
there was any serious attempt made to
cover what had been done.
ESSENTIAL
EVIDENCE
Mr. H e a l y a n d L i e u t e n a n t
Dobbin
The Chairman said they had there that
day one other person who" was detained at
the main guard the time the shootings took
place. He thought it would be better to
c a l l him before Mr. Powell spoke.
Mr. Powell 6aid he was entirely i n the
hands of the Chairman, but he thought i t
right to take the earliest opportunity of
mentioning a matter i n reference to M r .
Dobbyn, because that might have some
influence on the future action of the Com­
mission. A telegram was sent to the W a r
Office i n reference to Mr. Dobbyn, saying
that the Commission required his attend­
ance. On Saturday evening, about 8 o'clock,
a reply was received from the W a r Office
headquarters staff as follows:—" W . L . P .
Dobbin is in France; could not arrive be­
fore the 29th; is his attendance required ?"•
A reply was sent to that, saying hi6 attend­
ance was required, and they expected a
repjv^bmnj^ie^i^^^ay^nj^xact^
t
C y
MIGHT HAVE B E E N W I T H H E L D .
The Chairman—The military here are i n
two great difficulties. The things we are
inquiring into occurred at a time of great
stress, anxiety, and difficulty, and there
was no opportunity of keeping a clear
record. The second difficulty is that wo
are at war, and that many of the people
whom we might naturally wish to see have
been most busily engaged here and i n
France, and the Commission wish to ack­
nowledge the efforts made both to produce
witnesses and documents.
Mr. Healy—1 feel especially frrateful to
the Headquarters Staff for their efforts <o
produce Mr. Dobbin, because I was &om>
what sceptical myself.
Another matter I
wish to draw attention is with -eg«trri to
Dr. Balch.
I don't know whether you
saw—because there was no observation
upon it—the bearing of the original evi­
dence given by Lieut. A. S. Wilson, on the
question of whether there was two volleys
or three. I suggest to you that his original
evidence has a distinct bearing on that
point, although there is no apparent
connection.
That
brings me to
the
position
of
Dr.
Balch,
who,
the
Attorney-General says, has been sent to
Sierra Leone. D r . Balch occupied, per­
haps the most important position that
could be entrusted to an officer. He was
over an important branch, and he has beea
suddenly
J E R K E D O U T OF D U B L I N ,
The Chairman—Oh, Mr. Healy, if yon
have any statement to m a k e Mr. Healy—I would suggest to you that
you 6hould get Dr. Balch, who examined
the bodies after death.
He would be in a position to tell
you how many bullet wounds each
body bore, and he would be also
able to tell if, in fact, he declined
to certify if Capt. Colthurst was in­
sane.
The Chairman—Oh, no, Mr. Healy. W«»
made it perfectly plain that in c u r view
we are not inquiring into the state'bf mind
of anybody. We have an honest desire
and & fixed intention to ascertain the ma­
terial facts and events. However, we will
consider what you say.
Mr. Healy—I asked that yon should put
in a record from Broadmoor of the deten­
tion of Captain Colthurst.
So equally
should he put in the fact that he was
gazetted on half-pav.
John Coules, of l i Leinster square, Bath|jnines, was then examined by the chair' man. He said he was brought into Portobeflo Detention Barracks about 7 o'clock
on the Tuesday evening and kept there till
the following "Friday-- He was in the de­
tention room with the others on the Wed­
nesday morning. A soldier, who had nei­
ther rifle nor bayonet, opened the door and
called out M'Intyre and Dickson. They
had gone barely as far as the guard room
when the first volley was fired. About two
minutes afterwards he heard the second
volley.
*
Asked to describe what happened when
M'Intyre and Dickson were called out, he
said he heard an officer say " Stand up,
man "—he thought it referred to Dickson.
The Chairman—Then there was this
second vollev?—Yes. after the order was
given— "Firing pafty, load, ready, present,
from the right hand man. F i r e ! " After
that order was given, witness said, there
was
ONE D I S T I N C T V O L L E Y .
The
next
thing
he
heard, i n about
a
106
Yon told us you heard a voice saying "That
man's dead"?—I am positive of it that
those words were tho words used.
How long was it after you heard the
-voice saying that that you heard the
third
volley ?—Between one
and two
minutes.
.
Witness, further questioned, said he
never went into the yard again. He was
detained until F r i d a y . Up to the time he
heard the first volley they had not been
expecting any shooting, and were not at­
tending to any marching or anything that
was taking place outside; The first volley
C A M E AS A S U R P R I S E .
He and the other prisoners were expecting
to be sent for every minute.
The C h a i r m a n said as this was a newwitness, Mr. Healv and M r . Powell were
entitled to put questions to him.
Mr. Healy—We sent two letters to him
but he refused to give us a statement.
Witness—Business prevented
me from
doing so.
Answering the Chairman, wit­
ness said he was born in the army, but
never served in it. His father served 23
years in the artillery.
"STRANGE INFORMATION"
Mr.
Healy and Firing
in
the
Yard
Healy asked the chairman to ask
itncss whether after the third firing he
heard that day or next day any further
firing in the y a r d ; . h e desired the question
Vie asked, because of certain strange in­
formation that had come to him.
[The Chairman—I do not think we can go
ipto questions about the next day.
A
reputable witness had given evidence that
the throe men were shot at the same time.
These three unfortunato men were buried
that night. (To the witness)—After the
third volley, within the next half hour wus
tpere a single shot ?—No.
Or any further volley?—Not i n the y a r d .
'Mr. Healy—Or the next morning?—Nor
the next morning i n that yard.
Mr. Powell—He said he heard a voice
giving the first order—
The Chairman—He said after the first
volley he beard someone say, " Stand up,
man," and then he heard the order: " F i r ­
ing party, load, ready, present—from the
right hand man—fire/'
Mr. Fowell—Was it the same voice that
gave the second order?
Witness—It would be very hard for me
-to distinguish if
T H E R E WERE TWO VOICES,
Mr. Ilealy—Did he bear any of the pris make a protest?
T h e chairman said he had already |
hat question in another way without sugng any answer.
To M r . Brown, witness said that i n tho
detention room there was a window on
the top left hand corner and a ventilator
and a gas pipe.
Any opening through which a person
could see?—No.
Mr. Healy asked that he might be sup'
plied with the name of the officer imme­
diately superior ot the officer
of
the
guard on that Wednesday morning.
The Chairman—We w i l l try and find it
out.
Mr. Powell pointed out that this allega­
tion a s to the three different volleys was
only made on Saturday. H e was not com­
plaining of that, and he hoped his friend
would not interrupt h i m .
Mr. Healy—Don t sajp*that (laughter).
The Chairman—Ton are a very sanguine
man (laughter).
Mr. Powell said they had taken a l l the
steps i n their power to giv© every infor­
mation possible on the subject, and the
strictest inquiry had been made as regards
every soldier who was on the guard. They
had i n court five of that number, of whom
one was a n actual witness of the shooting,
•nd
F O U R WER~E O N G U A R D .
Adjutant Morgan, recalled, gays evidence
that when men were ordered to load he
took i t that the order would be load the
magazine. T h e men carried the ammuni­
tion i n clips of five rounds, and each man
would put i n one of these clips.• t h e next
thing would be to ^'present," fire, and
after that the word "load" would not be
used again u n t i l the clip would be ex­
hausted. T h e word ' l o a d " would only be
used once, and the orders for the subse­
quent firing u n t i l the clip would be e x
hausted would be "ready,
present,
"fire "
T h e Chairman—Do you know of such an
order as "ready, present.from the right-hand
man, fire"?—They may use such a word
of command, but it would not be custo­
mary. T h e whole lot would fire together
in any case.
.
W h e n you give the order,
Ready, pre­
sent, fire," how many bullets does a, man
fire on that order?—Each man would
F I R E ONE B U L L E T
on that order.
Replving to M r . Healy as to what was
•he name of the captain who was over the
eentrv section and over the lieutenants ot
the guard that morning, Adjutant Morgan
said there would be no officer superior to
them i n connection with the guard. Before
the trouble broke out there would be a
captain of the day who would visit the
prisoners i n the guardroom. Also there
was a n orderly officer of the day whose
duty i t was to visit the guardroom
periodically and find out if there were any
complaints. There were typewritten orders
of the day up to the Monday, and witness
produced the orders of the day for the
-1th.
,
.
Witness, proceeding, produced orders of
the day dealing with the 24th, 25th and
°6th A p r i l , and explained the procedure
which would be followed in ordinary times.
Owing to the trouble which arose, however,
duties had to be detailed verbally.
Mr Healy—Who was the captain of the
guard on Tuesday night when M r . SheehySkeffington was taken ? - I cannot say from
memory. T h e captain of the day from the
25th was Major Bigg. The next was Capt.
Roddell. I t would be his duty *o visit the
prisoners detained to find out it they had
anv complaints.
„. ,
The Chairman said he understood that
there were three officers—Mr. Tooley, Mr.
Wilson, and Mr. Dobbin—who were more
or less on continuous duty and that they
shared duty on guard on Monday, Tuesday,
and Wednesday.
' s
. ,
L i e u t . Tooley. speaking from the body
of the court, said that was so. They more
or less arranged it among themselves. Mr.
Dobbin would be the senior.
M r . Healy (to witnessV-Is there any
assignment of duty i n the orders of the
day for Tuesday and Wednesday of Capt
Bowen-Colthurst P - W i t n e s s replied
that
there was not on paper. The captain of tn«
day for the 26th was detailed verbally, and
lie was
U N A B L E TO S A Y W H O H E W A S .
Mr
Healy asked that the documents
which had been handed up by the witness
should be put i n .
•
.
,
Witness mentioned that Major Bigg, who
was detailed for duty on the 25th, was
wounded on Monday, and could not do duty
on the 25th.
. . .
,,
-rr -i it.
T h e Chairman banded to M r . Healy the
documents which had been given in, with
the remark that only some of them were
relevant.
. . .
.
,
.j
Mr. Healv agreed that only the relevant |
parts' should be put i n . H e said he saw .
the name of M r . Dobbin in a note i n one
of the documents, and he wanted to read
The Chairman Tead publicly the note in
question, and explained that it was merely
a correction of a mistake in a previous r e - ,
cord about M r . Dobbin having returned j
to headquarters on completion of duty.
Mr. Healy (to*witness)—Mr. Dobbin w a s '
on duty on Tuesday night as well as Wed­
nesday morning as captain of the guard?—
;
F r o m what document did you ascertain
that to hold him responsible ?—I visited
the gnard that night when it came to my
knowledge that Capt. Colthurst going out.
I saw M r . Dobbin on duty and spoke to
him about Capt. Colthurst going out
Did you remonstrate with M r . Dobbin
for allowing the release of the prisoner?—I
asked him why he went out, and he
f-enld not givo any explanation. Sergeant
Maxwell first brought it to my notice, and
I went to M r . Dobbin .and he
COULD NOT T E L L ME.
C a n you give me any military order or
anything where 1 can find the dutv of the
, captain of the guard?—The duties of the
officer in charge of the guard—it may be
a captain or other officer or a sergeant—
are drawn up by tho commanding officer.
Can they be ascertained and referred
to ?—Yes.
Mr. Healy called for the production of
any such document.
The Chairman said thev wero not trving
anybody; they were trying to. find out
facts, and it would be
HORRIBLY UNFAIR
if they were to allow their inquiry to turn
into a trial at headquarters. I t was im­
portant that they should know what hap­
pened, and they were glad to know that
Mr. Dobbin would be there in a day or
two. Nobody ever contemplated that de­
tained persons should be taken out as
hostages.
This was the thing that un­
happily Capt. Bowen-Colthurst did. I t was
obvious that it was a terrible mistake made
by a particular individual.
Mr. Healv—Do you think I am proceed­
ing too stringently in asking for the
written orders that that gentleman would
have for his guidance?
The Chairman said he was coming to
give evidence, and when he came the docu­
ments would be produced.
The witness said the written orders were
supplemented by verbal orders.
I t Was
unusual to have civilians detained at all.
Hitherto the people in the guardroom were
soldiers. They gave orders from time to
time i n reference to the civilian prisoners
as rrgnrds their food and giving them exerj" -»7
^^'l
verbally.
Witness
and Major Rosborough gave orders about
the prisoners. The orders that were in
force up to Easter Monday were i n court.
The Chairman, referring to the orders
which were produced, said thev were orders
for the commander of the main guard;
they were signed by Lieut. Morgan, and
they were dated some time in April before
the disturbances. They directed that on
taking off guard b« would see, that all men
detained should be shaved and properlv
cleaned, and so on.
Mr. Healy—Not shot.
The Chairman—No. It. was. he added,
in connection with a very serious allega­
tion that he had been at some pains to
get it.
I t had nothing to do with anv
serious matters at all.
T h e thing that
happened was never contemplated, and as
it never happened there were"no regulations
abont it. H e suggested that a* .Mr. Powell
had been good enough to get some men
there, he should do anything he could to
help them about^ th
the
C l f i
b e y
w
e
r
e
FIRING PARTY.
Bombardier M'Caughey was called, and
stated i n reply to Mr. Powell that he was a
member of tho firing party on the Wednes­
day morning.
He remembered Captain
Bowen-Colthurst coming into the guard­
room. T h e next thing he remembered was
that some of the guard were called out to
the yard. When they got to the yard—he
was the last man out—he saw the three
prisoners standing up against the wall at
the far end.
The Chairman—Did you know until you
got into the yard that any of these three
prisoners were there?—I did not, 6 i r .
Mr. Powell—When you went out, tell us
exactly what happened. You say you sawthree men?—Three men standing facing us,
opposite to us. Wo stood out in line, and
this happened i n seconds.
W e got the
command " Load "—we had our magazines
loaded at the time—"•Load, present, fire."
T h a t was all that happened.
Who
gave that order?—Capt. BowenColthurst, as I now know him.
Mr. Powell—Would you tell us when
that happened what you and the firing
party did next—what was the next thing."
—Well, the men dropped. I think I was
the last to leave tho yard, as far as I can
recollect. I was coming out and I was
cleaning over my pull-through of the rifle.
Tho Chairman—After firing your round?
—Yes.
Mr. Powell—What do you mean by that?
—Just one bullet. The round I had in the
bore was one bullet, and that I fired in
pursuance of the order.
1 id U^-£*iug paityv including you, leavo
the yard and go into the guardroom?—Yes.
T e l l us what occurred next?—I can re­
member as I was coming out of the yard
Lieut. Dobbin coming into the
yard.
When he saw what was before us he put
his hand up to his head and s a i d :
107
"OH,
MY GOD."
mm
I walked i n t o the guardroom.
A short
t i m e after—a matter of a m i n u t e or t w o he called on four men, and I happened to
be tho nearest.
T h e Chairman—Who called?—That I
could not say. I have no recollection who
called us o u t the second t i m e .
M i ' . Powell—Somebody called you out the
second time?—Yes.
• Tho C h a i r m a n — W h a t was the i n t e r v a l
between the first time, y o u were called o u t
and the second time—was i t long enough
to clean y o u r rifle?—Yes; I had i t cleaned;
j i t was a matter of t w o o r three m i n u t e s .
i M r . Powell—What happened after some­
body gave you the order?—The four o f us
went out. W h a t the order was I cannot
sav. W h e n we got i n t o the y a r d wo were
told to fire at ai c e r t a i n m a n . W e p u t a
round i n the bore again and presented and
fired.
As far as you k n o w , was there any vol­
ley fired i n the y a r d before the first volley
t h a t you have described when the three
men were shot?—Decidedly not, s i r . There
was an incident happened, and i t hap­
pened quite frequently.
W'hen we were
m o u n t i n g guard, o r whenever there was
an inspection on, a shot always went off,
somebody h a v i n g
PRESSED T H E TRIGGER.
T h i s got to be quite a joke. Some of the
officers i n the barracks w i l l recollect how
frequently this t h i i - g was happening.
I
was t h i n k i n g when I read the evidence i n
tho paper t h a t a s h o t was fired when the
guard was being inspected.
Witness added t h a t he was i n b o t h firing
parties. One volley was fired by the first
party, and one by the second p a r t y .
I n reply t o M r . H e a l y , witness stated
t h a t he had made the declaration he re­
ferred to i n the office of M r . Shannon,
solicitor, only the other day as a proof of
his evidence.
You have given y o u r evidence very w e l l
and very candidly, and I a m q u i t e i m ­
pressed by i t . W o u l d y o u t e l l me i f you
saw the prisoners removed f r o m t h e i r cells
or detention room?—No, sir. I cannot say
t h a t I saw t h e m i n tho guardroom.
B u t you w o u l d be i n the guardroom?—
N o t necessarily.
Can you t e l l me f r o m w h a t place M r .
Sheehy-SkefFington was taken?—Ho had a
separate cell o f his o w n . He was i n t h a t
cell.
W h o brought h i m o u t of i t ?—I could not
state t h a t .
Witness f u r t h e r stated t h a t he got the
impression t h a t ho saw Capt. C o l t h u r s t
going i n t o the guardroom, and he (witness)
followed h i m i n to seo i f there was any­
t h i n g doing.
Now you followed Captain Colthurst i n i o
the guard-room—what d i d he say?—I can­
not t e l l .
D i d you seo M r . Skeffington leaving his
c e l l ? - l d i d not.
W h o picked you o u t for the firing p a r t y ?
— I t was a matter of
THE NEAREST MEN.
There were 6 men i n the first and 4 i n
the second firing p a r t y .
You appear to have been i n both firing
parties—can you e x p l a i n that?—No, s i r ; I
]usf, happenea to be the nearest.
Y o u were the last man to go out—can
you t e l l me a n y t h i n g t h a t M r . (Dickson
was doing to provoke the r e m a r k : " S t a n d
up, m a n " — d i d you notice he was de­
formed?—I d i d ; he was very knock-kneed
and small, and he wore his hat i n a c u r i ! ons way. o n the back of his head.
D i d you hear tho r e m a r k : " S l a n d up,
m a n " ? — I t was not necessary. W h e n we
got o u t t h e prisopeis h a d j u s t t u r n e d
j round, and i t is my firm belief they never
: realised w h a t was going to happen."
j Lance-Corporal Fitzsimons, Coldstream
Guards, stated t h a t ho was i n D u b l i n at
j the outbreak of the rebellion and reported
himself at Portobello barracks on the Mon­
day. On Wednesday he was i n the guard
room when Capt. Cob h u r s t came i n am
asked the sergeant, of thp guard to sethree prisoners—Dixon, M ' l n t y r e ,
an
Skeffington. He saw iho l a t t e r come on
of the cell, b u t he did not a c t u a l l y se
Di,\on and. M ' l n t y r e leave t h e i r cell. Cap*
C o l t h u r s t accompanied t h e m o u t i n t o t h
y a r d , and then t h e . sergeant called fe
r
some men to go out. Some short time after.
wards a volley was tired.
Cross-examined by M r . Healy, K . C . , the
witness said he d i d not see L i e u t . Dobbin
go into the guardroom after the first volley
was fired.
M r . Healy—Did vou know how long the
bodies were allowed to remain i n the vard?
— I could not say.
D i d you see them removed ?—Yes.
Under whose charge were they removed?
— I don't k n o w ; they were
T A K E N O U T ON S T R E T C H E R S .
Rifleman Jones, Royal I r i s h Rifles, who
Mas one of the guard on tho m o r n i n g of
the tragedy, said he heard several shots
tired *ome time after ten o'clock. He could
not say how many volleys were filed.
Rifleman M'Sweeney, of the 1th Hussars,
said he heard two volHsj*, but one was ac­
cidentally discharged about 9 o'clock by a
sailor. .
M r . Healy—Are you sure t h a t instead of
being a sailor he was a marine-' (laughter).
Witness gravely replied " N o . "
This concluded the evidence, except for
that, of L i e u t . Dobbin.
M r . Healy said that, speaking generally,
the impression left on his mind was t h a t
the m i l i t a r y had f a i r l y discharged t h e i r
duty in regard to the i n q u i r y .
The C h a i r m a n said he was glad to hear
M r . Healy say t h a t , and announced thajt'
the Commission would adjourn t i l l Thurs­
day* for the evidence of Lieut. Dobbin.
KILKENNY HONOURS SINN FEIN COUNTESS.
T H O M A S
REMARKABLE
Mr.
A S H E ' S
SCENES
Kea'y's
AT
Objection
D E A T H
THE
to
the
INQUEST
Jury
LORD MAYO!) ON A VISIT TO MCONTJOY
Photonranh of Late Thomas Ashe Lying-in-State
II
—
J
~
B
—
-
H
i
T h e r e m a i n s o* M r . T h o s . A s h e w e r e r e m o v e d y e s t e r d a y froi t h e
P r o - C a t h e d r a l to t h e C i t y F a l l , w h e r e t h e y w i l l lie i n
state mtil
Sun day.
109
LAST
SCENE
BEFORE
INTERMENT.
Remarkable scenes 100& 'place%i tne Mater
Hospital this morning, when the inquest
was opened i n reference t o the death
of Thomas Ashe, the rebel leader, who
died m the hospital on Tuesday n i g h t ,
five hours after admission from Mountjoy Prison, where, w i f h about forty
other Sinn Fein prisoners, he had been
ton a hunger strike.
I t was for a speech delivered i n the County
'fongford that Ashe was sentenced to
twelve months' imprisonment.
From
Thursday morning he resolutely refused
food, and was forcibly fed.
Outside the hospital this morning there was
» big crowd. Only those immediately I
interested were present. N o t for a long :
time has an inquest excited such public j
interest. Even the memorable inquiry '
g*t 'feto the Bachelor's walk affray d i d not
excite more curiosity.
" Yes," replied the inspector.
The Coroner told M r . Healy hs could ,
have the .ist examined if he liked.
M r . Healy, K . C . — I w o u l d ; and I t h i n k '
we are entit'ed to a full and plenary cor­
respondence w i t h your mandate. The least
we may expect" is the law, which is so
much respected i n this country, and we are
entitled i n law to a panel "of 23 jurors,
from whom a verdict of 12 men may be
taken.
I am Dot willing to go on under the •
present conditions. I think the police !
ought to do their duty and bring here
23 honest men.
1
The Coroner (to M r . Hanna)—Before 1
give my ruling do you wish to say any.
thing ?
M r . Hanna, K . C — I appear on behalf
of the Prison authorities and have nothing
t o gay a3 to the point raised by M r . Healy.
The Coroner—Mr. Healy, I purpose going
on w i t h the 16 men I have.
M r . Healy, K . C — A r e they householders?
The Coroner—They are.
M r . Healy, K . C — A r e they of the
H I
The L o r d Mayor said—I stand not in the
positiou of Governor of Mountjoy, but as
j one of the visiting justices.- I n my official
capacity as L o r d M a y o i of the city, when I
heard about the Sinn Fein prisoners,
I Went to Investigate
the trouble. Consequently Sir John I r w i n ,
. who is Chairman of the Visiting Justices,
' rendered mo every assistance
possible.
Accompanied by Sir John I r w i n I visited
Mountjoy Prison last Saturday, about 11.30,
w i t h the Doputy-Goveruor, head warder,
and t w o other warders. We visited many
of these men, amongst the number being the
late M r . Ashe.
The cell door was opened, and I saw
M r . Ashe, apparently lying on the hare
boards, in a corner of the cell, w i t h no
beds, no bedding, and no furniture of
any description
He told me t h a t not alone had they
taken the* things, but four warders took
th? boots from off his feet, and left h i m i n
his bare feet i n t h a t cold cell.
(Here a sister of the deceased broke
down.)
" i pointed out to M r . A s h e , " continued
the L o r d Mayor, " whom I had known prevjously, t h a t I had como to find out from
his o w n lips w h a t complaints he had to
make
He toi i me he had
Requisite Valuation?
* The relatives of 'he deceased present I
were M r . John Ashe (brother), M r . P. j
Ashe (cousin)
Superintendent Willoughby and Inspector
Lowry represented the police j M r . Henry
(Hanna, K . C . (instruoted by the Chief
Crown Solicitor) appeared for the prison
authorities.
'
Mr. T. M . Healy, K . C , M . P . , and M r , .
J . Dixon (instructed by M r . Edmond J . *
iDuggan) appeared for the next of k i n .
• The following gentlemen were sworn on
[the jury:—Messrs. Owen M ' i u t y r e (fore[nian;, Jas. M'Entee, John Robinson, Saml.
Walton, Benjamin Ayieshire, George S.
Woods, Michael Bulger, Lugene M'Guin,nesb, Michaei Aiaguue, ihumas b i n y t h ,
iThomas Waleh, John Coyne, W i l l i a m H .
Turiey, Jameo Casey, Alexander Cochrane,
iWilliam
S. Graham.
When tho jury had been sworn,
M r . Healy, K . C , rose, and gaid—I appear
i t h my learned friend, A i r . Dixo§, on be- j
ha.l of the relatives of the m a r t y r , and j
wish
to
know
under
what
con­
ditions
the
jury
had
been
sworn.
4
understand
we
are
entitled—
the public are entitled—to have this i n ­
quiry conducted by a j u r y of 23. 1 don't
know how the names were road out, but if,
|o very easy io gainer, u o m the ireme o i t h a
wpposed panel, what the police have beep
*t. I would like to know from you, sir,
before this j u r y is sworn, have we any
Beans of ascertaining how this reinarl- . ' I o
iompoaition of the j u r y has been obtained?
This statement^ was greeted w i t h a
Remarkable Outburst
ii applause in the crowded room.
The
roner, not heeding the demonstra­
tion, quietly replied—The course prescribed
b y the Coroner i n these cases is t o have
'at least ? n r d uot more than 23 sura' moned. I gave instructions, m the t^ual
way, to tha police, to summon 23 and
from
that
I
took
the
jury.
I
have 16 on the j u r y now. I have nothing
t o do w i t h the calling of them. I merely
instructed the police to summon 25 citizens
from the immediate vicinity of the place
where the death occurred.
" S i r , " replied M r . Healy, w i t h passion,
• your instructions have not been obeyed.
You see only 16 men have been ca'.red, and
of these, half
1
Consist of Tories."
More applause greeted this statement.
The Coroner appealed to those present to
keep quiet and let the business proceed.
Handing a dooument to Inspector L o w r y ,
be said—'" M r . L o w r y , these aro the 23 t h a t
you subpoenaed?"
The Coroner—1 cannot answer the ques­
t i o n as t o the valuation. I presume they
have the necessary qualifications.
M r . Healy—Surely, i n a matter of t h i s }
k i n d , which conies before us in this sudden !
manner, you are entitled to have some opi­
n i o n from some independent person c o n nested w i t h the law as to whether t is r i g h t
t o go on w i t h a j u r y
1
No Complaints Whatever to Make
;
Truncated in This Manner.
The Coroner—The inspector i n charge of
the arrangements states that they are house­
holders of the proper valuation.
M r . H e a l y — I am on the p o i n t also of the
23 names.
The Coroner—Yes.
W e l l , I have ruled
that.
M r . Healy remarked t h a t he would have
the qu«ili8cations of the jury'examined and
the proceedings quashed i f the law had not
been complied w i t h .
The Coroner—Will vou take a copy of the
list?
M r . Heady said he would, and the list was
handed t o h i m .
The j u r y then retired t o
V i e w the Body.
They were absent a considerable time.
M r . Healy, K . C , requested the Coroner
t o call the names of the j u r y again, which
was complied w i t h .
The Coroner said the case they were
about t o inquire into was the death of M r .
Thomas Ashe.
Deceased was admitted
into Mount joy on the 29th August.
He
was discharged from wane on the 25th
September, and immediately brought i n
an ambulance t o the Mater Hospital. H e
was then i n a serious state, and n o t w i t h ­
standing the efforts of the staff he died
a few hours after.
John Ashe (brother) was about t o give
evidence of identification,
M r . Healy, K . C . — I protest against this.
L e t the Government prove their own handi-.
work and not leave i t t o the poor relatives.
Let The Government Prove Their Victim's
Death.
Renewed
applause greeted
Mr.
He&iy,
K . C , when he remarked that i t was the
duty of those who killed the man to prove
hia identification and not to put the excru­
ciating duty on the relatives.
The Coroner—In ell inquiries I hold I
always get a relati/o of the deceased to
give evidence of identification.
M r . Healy, K . C — T h i s is
against any official of the prison, but t h a t
he had gone cr hunger strike the previous
Thursday at a protest against being desig­
nated as ^ criminal, and treated as such. H e
said the.) were not criminals, and t h a t they
j were not very particular as to how they
were treated so long as they were not
treated as oriminals. T h a t finished my i n 1 terview
with
Mr.
Ashe
on t h a t
c'ay.
I
buggested
to
Sir
John
I r w i n , who was very courteous through­
out
the
whole
proceedings — and
the same remark applied to the DeputyGovernor—I etated that I would like to get
into communication w i t h the authorities i n
the Castle.
Sir John I r w i n and myself
went to the Castle, and saw the Chief Secrotary, who sent for
M r . Green, the Chairman of the Prisons'
Board.
I stated to Chose gentleman what I found
- i n Mountjoy. I d i d not especially mention
the case of M r . Ashe. I mentioned the oase
of M r . M'Douagh. I fc>ld these gentlemen
the tone of the conversation I had w i t h
these men. They did n o t . want any com­
pliment whatever from the Government,
but they strongly objected to be
Designated as Criminals.
The Chief Secretary was very sympathetic,
and, to my mind, anxious t o do something.
The Charrrnan of the Prisons' Board said
t h a t , if these men were handed over to h i m
a t criminals, he had no other alternative
b u t to treat them as each.
I told
these t w o men i n
the hearing of
Sir John I r w i n t h a t they were shouldering
a dreadful responsibility, and i f anything
happened the consequences would rest upon
their shoulders. I d i d not see M r . Ashe
i on Sunday, nor d i d I know how they were,
but I was t o l d by the Deputy-Governor t h a t
They Were A l l Very
'
A Unique Oase.
There was never one like it before.
The Coroner poiuted out that i f M r .
Healy, K . C . , asked, he would have the pri­
son authorities and the Governor.
l b is
within your right," he conduced, " but 1
am doing it in the ordinary everyday fashion
|
|
i
j
1
Well.
M r . M Donagh, whom I took a deep interest
i n , Was the worst. On Monday morning,
w i t h Sir J o h n I r w i n , I visited again t h e
prison, I saw -inny of these men, and M r .
Ashe i n particular".
W i t h Sir J o h n
Irwin,
the
Deputy. Governor,
and
t w o warders, 1 went to M r . Ashe's
celL
The door was open, and tho
poor fellow was standing perfectly erect.
I commented on has bed and bedding having
been restored t o h i m . ** Y e s , " he s a i d ;
after your visit w i t h Sir John I r w i n on
Saturday evening the bedding was reetored. .
See," he said, pointing t o t h e window o f j
his cell, " I had bo break three or four panes
of glass _•-
112
W a s he gagged ?—I cannot say, because
1 was not present.
W as he fettered ?—The rule is that
IF A PRISONER RESISTS
he is put in a chair and strapped.
Of
course, I cannot say what took place in his
case.
Mr. Healy—No doubt we will get that
/ b e prison authorities.
They will
exhibit their usual candour (laughter).
Asked under what prison rule bed'and!
bed-clothing could be taken from a pri-'
soner and to justify subjecting him to
forcible feeding after two days and two
nights i n a debilitated condition. Sir John
said that was a question which'should be
asked the governor, because the visiting
rustices had no jurisdiction i i . the matter.
I They could consider the • complaint of a
prisoner in connection with a transaction
of that sort,, but they had no power, nor
would they exercise such a power.
When you saw the prisoner in this
plight and went straight to Dublin Castle,
I take it you thought the prisoner was
being subjected to dangerous treatment?—
T h e Lord Mayor and myself agreed that,
after lying in his own clothes for
T W O N I G H T S ON T H E B A R E F L O O R ,
it would be prejudicial to the health of
the man. We both felt keenly about the
matter* at the time. 1 did not see a ther
mometer i n the cell. T h e
r
To Give M o Air,
Mr. Duke toJd the L o r d Mayor and me that
he would further consider tho matter in
conjunction with the L a w Advisers. The
interview then terminated. On last Mon­
day morning, the L o r d Mayor having ex­
pressed the wish to see the prisoners be­
fore leaving for Cork, I again accom-'
fannied him to Mountjoy. Amongst others,
wo visited Mr. Ashe, and the L o r d Mayor's
aeconnt of that I confirm. On Tuesday
morning last I again visited the prison,
and M T . Ashe was one of the first I "saw.
He was in his cell I askec " he had any
was, and he said he was
.'ting rather
light in the head. I asked if he had any
complaints to make with regard to the
treatment he was receiving from the offic'als, and he replied,
fearing I might become exhausted."
asked the poor fellow
hew he was.
"Well, but,
said
he,
"they
have
been putting me through
the
revolting
operation of forcible feeding.
A n d , " said
he further, " an outside doctor has told me
1
My Throat is so Weak and Delicate,
and if they persist in feeding me as they
did this morning the end will be fatal
I
reason-id with him that now that he had
made his protest the authorities had given
back his bedding would it not be better
for him to take his food? " N o , they have
branded me as a criminal, and even if I do
die I will die in a good cause " (applause).
Sadly and slowly, continued the Lord
M a y e r : — I lett pool Ashe.
He has died,
and it is for his country to decide whether
the cause ia right,
Mr. Healy, K . C . — I would like to ask if
the prison authorities propose to ask any
questions.
Mr. Hanna, K . C . — D i d he make any complaint about the prison officials or their
attitude towards him when you saw him
first?
The Lord Mayor—When I firet saw hira
he had no complaint to make.
Mr. Healy, K . C . — W a s ho clad in prison
clothes ?
The Lord Mayor—No, he was lightly clad.
SIR
J O H N
I R W I N .
H i s Conversation with Deceased
in
Prison.
Sir John Irwin, Chairman of the V i s i t i n g
Justices Committee, Mountjoy Prison, said
tbat vn last Thursday morning he saw the
deceased.
" I had a conversation with h i m / * he
added, " a n d asked h i m could he tell me
•what the trouble in the prison was about.
fie
s a i d : ' W e (speaking i n the plural)
claim to be treated as prisoners of war, and
not as ordinary c r i m i n a l s / I replied: *Personally I do not consider you a c r i m i n a l ,
but a6 far as I know from the rules govern­
ing prisons, there is no class into which
you can be placed, in view of tbe fact that
the court martial by whom you were sen­
tenced did not order you to be treated as
a first-class misdemeanant.' Ho replied:
* 1 am a political prisoner, and I claim to
be treated a s such. I do not ask to be re­
leased, but I ask to be treated differently
to the pickpocket and other criminals.*
" I reasoned with h i m , " continued the
witness, " and pointed out that the forcible
feeding, which he told me was intended to
be carried out, might have a serious effect
upon his health. H e replied: ' I am pre­
pared to take t h e consequences.'
1 then
told him that a meeting of the Visiting
J-ustices Committee would be held i n about
half-an-hour, and I had already promised
Prisoner Joseph MacDonagh to afford h i m
an opportunity of appearing before the
committee. At the meeting oi the Visiting
Committee Mr. MacDonagh appeared be­
fore us."
T h e Coroner said he was limited to the
inquiry of M r . Ashe's death.
. M r . Healy ..-aid this evidence would have
bearing on Mr. Thos. Ashe's case.
Sir J o h \ I r w i n , continuing, said—The
Lord Mayor has accurately stated what
took place between himself and Mr. A
and me. T h e Lord Mayor and I proceeded
to the Castle with
view to seeing the
< hief SecretaTcy on behalf of M r . Ashe and
the others. As the L o r e Mayor has stated,
M r . Duke appeared anxious to do any­
thing he could to ameliorate the lot of
Mr. Ashe and his fellows
He pointed
out to us certain legal difficulties i n the '
way, but he r a i d :
1 shall bring i n t h e '
;
neve." The Chairman of the Prisons Board
pointed out that he, as an official,
HAD NO/OISCRETION
in carrying out the rules laid down b>Pariiament, and
with regard to forcible feeding, which
the cord Mayor and I had referred to,
he s*fd that, properly administered, no
harm could result.
" No; they are acting as humanely'as possible under the cir­
cumstances"
Atxmt an hour later, while I was visiting
M r . Joseph MTtonagh i n the hospital, I
was informed that Mr. Ashe had been
brought over and placed in the ward. That
was the fast I saw of the unfortunate
man. I may add that on each occasion
I visitod Mr. Asbe he appeared
C H E E R F U L AND D E T E R M I N E D
to continue the protest which he was:
making. and on no occasion did he com­
plain op ;my treatment at tho hands of
the officials.
That is, Mr. Coroner, a
nlain and unvarnished statement so far as
I am comorncd.
Crose-ex? mined by M r . Healy, S i r John
said that he was ohairman of t h e Visiting
Justices a t the time the Suffragettes were
i n Moui.tjoy.
Mr. Healy—Did they go on hunger-striker
—They threatened to.
W h a t was the result?—I went to Lord
Aberdeen about it. and the result was that
they were treated as first-class misdemean­
ants
H i s Excellency had power to grant
that, and he did it.
A m I right i n saying that there were
some male prisoners also who are now no
more?—Mr. Sheehy Skeffington and Mr. '
James Connolly—who threatened to go on \
hunger strike i n your time?—Mr. James
Connolly was released after he had been
hunger-striking for seme time. The morn­
ing after M r . Skeffington arrived in Mountoy he expressed a, wish to see me. I saw
iim, and he was not forcibly Ted. Mr.
Connolly's case occurred i n 1913, and Mr.
Skeffington's i n 1915.
Am I * right in saying that two dis­
tinguished medical men. were called in by
the prison authorities to consider the ques­
tion of applying forcible feeding to the Suf­
fragettes ?
— I don't know what they were called i n
for, but they were called i n . One of them
was, he thought, a lady doctor—Doctor
Kathleen L y n n or D r . Maguire, and he
could not remember who the other doctor
was.
Do you remember S i r Thomas Myles
being called i n ?—I a m aware he was called
i n on one occasion.
Wasn't the same medical officer then i n
charge of the prison ar when M r . Aehe
was there P—Ye6; D r . Dowdall.
A n d D r . Dowdall would, therefore, know
of any report made by two distinguished
persons who were called i n i n the Suffra­
gette cases?—He would.
Are these reports made in writing? —
T h a t I cannot say, because those minutes
are not open to us.
W a s your Committee consulted in the
case of the Suffragettes?—No, but I inter­
vened as Ghairman of the Justices.
D i d your (committee. also intervene i n
the cases of Messrs. Skeffington and Con­
nolly?—I certainly intervened
T H E T I M E O F MR. S K E F F I N G T O N .
W a s your intervention as Visiting Jus­
tice on those occasions, i n the case of the
male and female prisoners, in the natnre
of an objection to prevent forcible feeding?
—That was the object we had i n view.
B u t 1 notice you said to Mr. Ashe, ac- •
cording to your evidence, " I told him for- I
cible feeding might have a serious effect I
on his health?''—I believed that.
W a s i t from any experience of treatment
in prisons or in asylums that you arrived
at that conclusion?—I have seen it both
i n Mountjoy and at the A s y l u m .
I s the Mountjoy procedure through the
nose or tho mouth?—Through the month,
as a rule.
Do yon know whether M r . Ashe waa
prae
raetised_on through
nos« t»
irough the nose
or 1•le­
mout
mout
g t rom tUe /"»nvprs()KA» .
S
j
T E M P E R A T U R E WAS A L L RIGHT,
but i n the email hours of the morning it j
would not be quite so good as i n the day-1
time when we were there.
I am glad you speak so aympathetically \
, of the Chief Secretary. I t is quite i n ac-!
j cordance with what I know of him r
((laughter). I am not speaking ironically,
j 1 am speaking seriously.
(To witness):
' W a s Mr. Duke alone with you when you
: first interviewed h i m ?—He was. T h a t inj terview lasted for about IS minutes before
i the head of hie department waa called on.
T h e impression left on his (the witness's)
mind was that Mr. Duke seemed disposed
to make some concessions to the prisoners, j
H e (Sir John) was not a lawyer, and could
not give a n opinion as to whether priso­
ners sentence*! for sedition were entitled
to be treated as first-class misdemeanants j
under Section i9 of the Act of 1877. No!
report was made to his Committee by the •
jailer that he had inflicted any punish- j
i ment on M r . Ashe. . T h e prisoner himself i
j told h i m that he had been confined to his j
I cell because while in the wood yard he
refused to cease speaking with other priso; ners, and that he had told the Governor or}
. Deputy-Governor that he would not con- j
form to any rules which applied to cximi-'
nals:
A firstrdas-i misdemeanant was
treated TOty differently irom an ordinary
prisoner.
•
W i l l you tell us what M r . Max Green
said as "to the status flf these prisoners ?•— i
Mr. Green said that
the Prisons Board had no power
to relax the rules or to make any
change in the status of prisoners,
that if he did, ho might leave himself open
to bo impleaded or indicted—I cannot tell j
you exactly which ward he used.
Surely, the character of the offence—
whether it was sedition on which M r . Ashe
was found guilty—was a matter of vital
im portance r—Yes.
I f he is found guilty of sedition or its
equivalent he is entitled to be treated as
a first-class misdemeanant.?—Personally, I
think these men should be treated as firstclass misdemeanants, and
I P R E S S E D MY O P I N I O N AS F A R AS
I COULD.
W a s the nature of the evidence discussed
bv the Ohairman of the Prisons Board?
—No. it was not. W h a t he said was to
the effect that he had no power to discrim­
inate or diffr:
Was the offence discussed with the Cniet
Secretary ?—With the Lord Mayor, yes.
Y o u s b t e d that the Chief Sec. iniormed
you that he would consult the law ad­
visers—that was on Saturday; had you any
further reply?—No; we have heard nothing
since.
,
. ,.
No doubt, we will get the conviction
before the inquest terminates, and we can
see whether it is sedition or not. H a d you |
any interview with the military authori-'
tics?—I had.
Whom did you see—Sir B r y a n Mahon.
W a s that before or after you saw the
Chief Secretary ?—Later.
W a s the Tesult ,of your visit to the Castle
.because of the impression that the Castle
;Ta
he military nu?—Oh, no.
i! that war. not your impression why did
you go. if I may say so, from PiJate to
Herod (laughter)?—Well, my reason was
that Sir B r y a n Mahon is, by virtue of his
office, Lord Justice, charged with
the
governing of Ireland during his Excel­
lency's absence. Of course, if I may so,
I was anxious to see if anything could be
done,
•>'•"'"••
Mr. flealy—On behalf of the next-ot-kin
I have nothing but gratitude for your aci tion. What was the result of your interi view with Sir B r y a n Mahon?—Well, it is
only fair to say that I found Sir B r y a n
Mahon also sympathetic and sorry for the
I condition of things which existed.
Y o u rather pointedly said that yon found
the Chief Secretary sympathetic?—I did.
A n d Sir B r y a n Mahon?—Yes.
But you havo omitted Mr. Max Green.
Was he not sympathetic ?—Well, of course,
it was Mr. Duke we were interviewing, not
Mr. Max Green.
. Mr. Healy—Well, you were unable to
plumb the depths of h i 6 sympathy. Was
the Lord Mayor with you when you went
to Sir B r y a n Mahon?—He was i n Cork.
When did you see Sir. B r y a n Mahon?—It
was on Monday afternoon. I was at the
prison after .the Lord Mayor had been
there. The
W H O L E T H I N G WAS W O R R Y I N G ME
considerably.
As the result, at a l l events, of a sympa­
thetic Chief Secretary, and a sympathetic
Commander-in-Chief, and a non-sympa­
thetic Chairman of the Prisons' Board,
nothing was done?—Not so far.
Have I the net result?—(No answer.)
Did anybody, except Mr. Max Green, who
had no discrimination in carrying out
these rules laid down by Parliament, make
any reference to forcible feeding?—1 don't
remember anyone else referring to it. Of
course, when the Lord Mayor and 1 visited
these men they told us that they were
going to be forcibly fed. We pointed out
to Mr. Duke the very serious results. The
Lord Mayor was very emphatic in point­
ing out to Mr. Duke that if the lives of
•any of these men should be jeopardised
that the responsibility would not be on me,
but on him.
Did you ask tho chairman of the Prisons
. Board why Mr. Connolly and Mr. SheehySkeffington or the ladies were not forcibly
fed?—No, I did not.
I n the course of further cross-examina­
tion Sir John I r w i n said he was familiar
with the
N CAT AND MpUSE A C T . "
W hat was it passed for?—To prevent
people dying, I suppose.
Was the existence of a Statute passed
to prevent the death of prisoners referred
to by any of the officials?—No; not speci-i
fically.
Did you convey to the officials at Dublin
Castle and the Commander-in-Chief's de­
partment that these prisoners would re­
sist to tho end ?—Yes.
And that they claimed the 6tatus as
first-class misdemenents?—Yes, there was
no secret about it.
.
T
>t the prominence on the thyroid there
j. was another small excoriation, and on the
• left side a larger one, about an inch and a |
quarter. Below the thyroid cartilage was
a semilunar depression not excoriated, and |
not unlike the mark of a thumb-nail.
He considered death to have
been due partly to syncope, owing
I
to the failure of a weak
and
slightly dilated heart and partly to
j
intense
passive
congestion
and
oedima of both lungs.
I n reply to M r . Healy, the witness said j
that he had no personal experience of the
administration of forcible feeding,
and
could not say whether from the scientific
point of viow it would be better to ad-'
minster the forcible feeding through the
m o u t h or nose. , The congestion i n the
lungs was quite recent, and the lungs,
apart from that, would be perfectij
healthy.
The heart was three ounces
above the ordinary weight. Mx. Ashe was
a man of excellent physique, but fat. One
[would expect a large heart to go w i t h a
Targe physique. To some extent f a t was a
sort of reservoir oft which a m a n drew i n
the case of hunger.
How long would you expect a. well*
nourished m a n , fairly fatted i n his phy­
sique, to stand hunger, pure and simpie?—
That would depend on whether he got an
abundant supply of water. I f he dTauk
water ad l i b he would keep alive lor a
lopger period than without it. Of course,
D E C E A S E D DID NOT D I E O F H U N G E R .
HOUSE
SURGEON'S
EVIDENCE.
Keplving to further questions from
Mr. Healy. Prof. M'Weeney said the
condition of the heart and of the lungs
were the' organs immediately respon­
"for death.
Congestion of the
lungs, he thought, would result from
forcible feeding.
J\ .
It would be. the routine practice to
examine the heart oi the patient befote
subjecting him to a surgical operation.
He thought that a man of the type of
Mr. Ashe would be apt to succumb to
sudden shock or to any prolonged
physical struggle.
To the Coroner, the witness added
that a man having such a fatty heart
as deceased, the effect of being strapped
down in the chair and forcibly fed
against his will, it would have a highly
serious effect on his heart. E v e n the
exeiteahle effect on his nervous sys­
tem of being strapped down might 'pos­
sibly bring about such a collapse and a
t;t' il attack of syncope.
Dr. M'Kenna, House Surgeon at the
Mater Hospital, said that Mr. A s h e
was admitted to the Hospital on Tues­
day evening at 5.Id p.m. H e was con­
scious, but in a state of extreme col­
lapse, and complaining very much of
thirst. H i s breathing was. very diffi­
cult, and the action of the .'heart was
t
sible
M E D I C A L EVIDENCE
Professor McWeeney Describes
Conditon of Body.
Professor McWeeney was the next wit­
ness He stated Ho was pathologist, Na­
tional UmyeiT'.ty, Dnblin, and also pthologist at the Mater Hospital. By instruc­
tions of the Coroner he that dav examined
the body of *he late Mr. Thomas Ashe,
with the assistance of D r . Mclvenna, house
Mirgeon, and in the presence of Sir Thos.:
Myles. Sir Arthur Chance, D i . Dowdall,
Dr. Hayes, D r . O' Kelly, and a number of
others whom he did not remember. D r .
Kathleen L v n n was there also. BPe (Pro­
testor McWeeriev^ found the body mus­
cular and well-develooed, no emaciation.
On the right side of the face, about th«
angle of the jaw, he found 12 superficial
scratches averaging about half an inch in
length. Smiller scratches extended from
tnc angle of the jaw to tha chin On the
ch-n were nine superficial excoriations
measuring roughly half an inch to a
quarter
On the other side was a.smaller
excoriation about a quarter of an irfch
long. On the Jeft side of the chin, about
one inch below the lip, a triangular ex­
coriation about three-quarters of an inch
in length. In addition there were six or
seven small point-like excoriations. Wit­
ness also described that i n the neck, i n the
emity of the Adam's apple, were a num1
very quick and rapid. H i s tempera­
ture was sub-normal, and his lungs
showed signs of marked congestion.
Witness added:—"
asked h i m when
he became i l l . and he said that he got
a iit of coughing that day after being
forcibly fed, and that he then col­
lapsed,
lie also said that for two
nights lasl week he had slept on the
floor of h i - cell without any covering
but the clothes he wore, and that he
suffered intenselv from the cold.
He
Wgd treated by D r . Dempsey, but gra­
dually- became worse, and he died-about
10.30'p.m.
I n reply to Mr. Healy, witness said
be d i d not kn >w by whom the deceased
was bvousht to the hospital. H e was
* in a condition of collapse at the time.
Dr. Martin Dempsey, Visiting P h y s i ­
cian. Mater Hospital, said M r . Ashe's
lungs on Tuesday evening about 5.45
showed signs Of bronchitis and conges­
tion. H i s heart was weak.
Mr. Healy—I suppose i n a Itoatio
asylum they would not first subject a
patient to sleeping three._n.ight on a
door without a bed and then submit
him to forcible feeding?—No, I don't
think so.
Mr. Hanna Did M r . Ashe suggest to
you that he was gagged or strapped i n
a chair?—No. *k<
Inquest adjourned until 11.30 to-morit the City Morgue.
113
The tJoroner, at the opening of the pro
ceedings, said that D r . M'Kenna, who had
given evidence the previous evening, wished
I to make an alteration in a statement he had
made.
Dr. M'Kenna said he had stated that the
man in the hall of the Mater Hospital was in
a policeman's uniform. He wished to correct
that, as he did not know what was the uni­
form in which the man was attired.
The Coroner announced that he had re­
ceived a request from the Press to ask the
witnesses to speak out, as they would have
some difficulty in hearing where they were
placed.
1
SIR. T H O M A S M Y L E S
His Opinion on Treatment of
Mr. Ashe
Lieut.-Colonel Sir Thomas Myles, replying
: to M r . Hanna, stated that he was present at
i the post-mortem upon the deceased, and had
• an opportunity of examining portion of the
body, with a view to ascertaining the cause
of death.
The deceased had a dilated and
rather flabby heart.
He agreed with the
evidence of Professor M'Weeney.
j - From the examination that you made,"
j asked Mr. Hanna, " what was in your opinion
'the cause of death? "
Witness—Heart failure.
,
Can you form any opinion as to the pre­
sence of edima in the lungs?
I t was secon­
dary to the heart failureTo Mr. Healy—Did you hear Dr. Dempsey's
evidence as to the treatment of the prisoner
in the hospital after his removal from j a i l ?
I cannot say that I heard him very clearly.
Did you hear the evidence of the house sur­
geon. D r . McKenna, that he was^ in a col­
lapsed condition when he arrived in the hos­
pital ? Yes.
Do you think it a prudent thing to take a
| man in a collapsed condition and remove him
to that distance and subject him to that
shakeage?
No answer" I will," added Mr. Healy,
read the
prison rules for you.""No
prisoner!
labouring under acute or dangerous illness
shall be discharged from the prison until,
in the opinion of the medical officer, the
discharge is safe, unless the prisoner re­
quires to be discharged."
I ask you, Sir
Thomas Myles, do you think it a prudent
thing to removs a man i n a collapsed con­
dition, and have him brought from the
hospital m prison, where he was under the
care of the doctors of the prison, to get
treatment at an outside hospital? I think
the removal was the lesser of two evils.
A n d the greater one being that the Go­
vernment should get rid of his dying i n
jail?
No, it was for the lack of profes• sional facilities; they had not the facilities
for treatment in jail.
Then it was only on the basis that you
had no facilities for treating a sick person
that you remove him to hospital ?
The witness was understood to state that if
the person were in the street he would have
been removed to hospital.
M
Disapproved of Removal.
" This man," continued Mr. Healy, " was
under treatment in the hospital of the jail,
i and my suggestion is that the removal from
one hospital to another hospital, which has
occurred, is an act imperilling the life of the
prisoner —he was not in the street run over by
a tram.
He was in hospital under a humane
Government (laughter).
That is the hypo­
thesis, you know—that he was in hospital.
The hypothesis is that this man was living
under a humane Government, treated by civil­
ised people under competent doctors, under
efficient prison system which says that he
should not be removed if it would imperil his
life. But he was removed and he died—what
do you think of that removal? I would not
have approved of it myself.
'
1
114
Forcible Feeding.
W i t h regard to this question of forcible
feeding, did you have the honour on a
former occasion with regard to former pri­
soners of being consulted as an eminent
specialist by the prison authorities? 1 was
approached some years ago to see some
ladies that were in Mountjoy.
This was
about five years ago, and he thought it was
anterior to the passing of the C a t and Mouse
Act.
Now that was a period when by law the
authorities had no option except to ad­
minister forcible feeding or release the pri.
' soner, and this is a period when the Government have an option given them by
law.
What were you consulted on at that
date?
I was consulted and directed to re­
port to the authorities whether it would be
safe or unsafe to continue forcible feeding
j of the ladies who were there.
Was D r . Dowdall then in function at
j Mountjoy ? Yes.
' W h a t did you advise ?
'\
Mr. Hanna, K . C , objected on behalf of
the prison authorities, and asked was it rej levant to go back on matters that took
place several years ago.
,
The Coroner held that the question was
! relevant, and Mr. Hanna said that he would j
then be entitled to put before them the
question of the treatment of the suffragettes,
and it was only fair that the prison case
should be heard about them.
,j
Mr. Healy said that so far as he was con­
cerned they could go into this whole ques­
tion.
Mr. Hanna said he did not make that re­
mark for Mr. Healy's benefit, but for the
tribunal.
Mr. Healy continued his cross-examination
of the witness, and asked Sir Thomas what
did he advise when he was called to Mount­
joy to see the suffragettes ? Sir Thomas saic
he advised that the ladies be discharged im
mediately.
Mr. Healy—On the grounds of the safety
of their lives ? • Well,. I thought one of them
could hardly be taken alive out of the prison.
He could not remember how long the suffra­
gettes were in prison.
You are here now, as I understand, giving
evidence on behalf of hia Majesty's Govern­
ment ? I am ^hereat the reojoeefr fif the At| ~ H a ve you been consulted medically with
* regard to the treatment of the prisoners now
in Mountjoy before the death of Mr. Ashe
as to the desirability of administering forcible
feeding? No, sir.
Former Opinion in W r i t i n g .
Further cross-examined, he said that the
opinion he gave regarding the suffragettes
was put in writing, and was jointly signed
by himself and Sir Christopher Nixon. He
had seen cases of forcible feeding in a lunatic
asylum when he was a young doctor.
The
food was then administered through the nose
and the mouth.
j Mr. Healy—Could it
he
administered
through the mouth- without a gag ? I t could.
Without the co-operation of the patient
Jean it be administered without a gag'- Not
»without great risk.
I t is also necessary in the case of forcible
I feeding to fetter the prisoner in some way ?
j That depends on whether the patient resists
} or whether he makes any other form of proi test.
How many assistants would you say would
be necessary in the administration of forcible
', feeding to a man ? That would depend on the
• vigour of his resistance.
What is the least number? Two, I should
' think.
From the state of Mr. Ashe's heart, which I
you described as rather flabby and dilated,
was that a condition of heart which you could
easily detect in life ? 'Not easily, but it could
be detected beforehand by a very expert heart
specialist.
A man,may have a heart which does not
show disease under the stethescope and yet
drop dead after forcible feeding ? Of course
there are other factors.
Mr. Healy repeated the question which he
asked the witness to kindly answer and he re­
plied that the result depended upon the acy curacy of the examination beforehand. If a
careful analysis of the man's condition was
made he thought they would be able to detect
symptoms.
The pretence for the justification of forcible
feeding is to save life? Yes.
I therefore put it to you may a man under
the pretence of saving his life be subjected
to a condition fatal to his heart without the
medical officer previously detecting that he
has a heart to which treatment with forcible
feeding would bring about a stoppage? It
is quite possible.
What greater combination of forces are [
there than here ? Here are a group of men |
in prison at this moment—twenty in all, and j
you state, aa I understand, that a heart that |
won't show disease under the stethescope
would be subject to stoppage under forcible
; feeding ? I am not quite so emphatic as
t that. Under an ordinary examination it
j might be quite different.
Do you include a prison official as an or{dinary man or extraordinary man ? Oh, or­
dinary men.
The Risks.
Witness further stated that he considered
that any surgical case required handling.
He thought that in cases of forcible feeding
there were risks ensuing as a result of the
food being forced down the throat by a tube
and getting into the lung. He agreed that
if a man were suffering from a glandular
throat it was most undesirable.
Do you know that a prison rule forbids
any operation on a patient without a second
medical man being called in ? No, sir, I am j
not aware of it.
Have you spoken to the prison doctor on
this question ?
On the question of the
second man.
No, on the general question? I think I
spoke to him yesterday in a casual way.
When you received your instructions in
this way from the Attorney-General that j
confined any evidence you could give as to
the result of the poat mortem ? The only !
instructions I received were through a j
letter from D r . Dowdall asking me to attend i
the post mortem examination the following
j morning.
j
The Prison Doctor.
i Was the messenger whom the Attorney' General *sed to convey to you the fact that
you were to attend the post-mortem
the
j prison doctor who was involved in this case ?
Yes.
And except by his word of mouth you
have no other knowledge that you are re­
tained by the Attorney-General?
None
whatever.
Your instructions would be to obtain some
history of the dead man on whose condition
you were about to give your sworn testii mony? I got no information whatever ex­
cept that he had been brought to the Mater
Hospital, and died there, and that there was
to be a post-mortem the following morning.
I went to the post-mortem the
following
morning.
Two Days W i t h o u t Food.
1
1
Do you add anything as a result of your \
presence at the post-mortem to the evidence
given by D r . Dempsey, Dr. McKenna, and Dr.
McWeeny ?
No, except I have little doubt.
that the man was two days without food and
died from cardiac failure.
Do you mean to say that he was two days
without food, two days left standing in a
naked cell without his boots, two days with­
out sleep, two days suffering from cold—do
! you think that had anything to do with cariliac failure ? Undoubtedly.
j There was slight applause in the gallery on
! hearing this answer, and it was immediately
1 suppressed.
Do you think it a suitable preliminary to
subject a man in this condition to this horrible
torture of forcible feeding ? I f you ask my
independent opinion, I B a y I am opposed to it
on anybody, man or woman.
Witness added that he knew nothing about
the man having been deprived of his boots,,
and kent in &_naked cell in the cold.
1
Re-examined by Mr. Hanna—With refe­
rence to the removal of the deceased in the
condition in which he was, you told ns that
ou thought you would not have removed
im? Not if there was any accommodation
for him.
Assume that the man would take food vo­
luntarily if brought to an outside hospital would that have an effect on your opinion?
Possibly.
SIR A. C H A N C E
EXAMINED.
The Question at Issue
,
j
[
•
'
-
• Sir Arthur Chance, examined by Mr Hanna,
K . C . , said he was present at the post mortem;
he agreed with the report of Prof. M'Weeney. '
I n your opinion, what was the cause of
death ? Primarily heart failure, associated
with edima and congestion of the lungs.
Do you agree with Prof. M'Weeney and Sir
Thos. Myles as regards the cause of death?
Yes.
_
j
Examined by Mr. Healy, Sir Arthur Chance ;
said he had no practical acquaintance with
forcible feeding. This is the first time that
h'e had been called on to express an opinion
on the subject of forcible feeding.
Asked if he agreed with the evidence of
Sir Thos. Myles, Sir Arthur said emphatically
— I think I ought to be asked definite ques­
tions and be allowed to give my own definite
answers.
Mr, Healy—Do you agree or disagree with
the evidence of Sir Thomas Myles, your col­
league? I don't accept all that Sir Thomas
Myles said.
Do you advise the jury not to act on it ?
Mr. Hanna—That is very unfair. He added
that he never heard of such a question.
Mr. Healy—You never heard such a case,
as this, a reply that evoked audible approval!
from the public in the body of the court, j
Sir Arthur Chance—I submit that it is not!
fair to ask me, having regard to the long:
examination of Sir Thomas Myles to accept
everything that he has uttered. I want to
express my own opinion in answer to any
question yon may ask me.
Mr. Healy—I ask you do you agree with
his evidence or disagree.
Sir Arthur—I say I am not prepared to
accept the answers he gave to all the questions.
With what' portions of the evidence do
you differ? I cannot carry all the evidence
in my mind. I f you read the evidence I
j will modify any portions of it that I think
^oNght to be modified.
Mr. Healy—If you subject me to that form
of forcible feeling I will do-'it (laughter).
• Sir Arthur Chance remarked that he was
anxious to give the evidence, but he could
'not do it except as he suggested.
Mr. Healy—I take it that there are parts
of the evidence with which you disagree ?
I cannot tell you all the parts. If you give
me the depositions I will read each passage, i
Sir Arthur Chance was thereupon given the
depositions of Sir Thos. Myles, which he pro­
ceeded to read and pointed out certain im­
portant parts which which he agreed. Ho
agreed that the cause of death was heart fail­
ure, and the presence of edima in the lunge
as secondary to the heart failure.
I n regard to Sir Thos. Myles' evidence, as
to the "removal of Mr. - Asbe, Sir Arthui
Chance observed that he did not know the
circumstances under which he was removed.
If Mr. Ashe refused food in,'prison it would,
of course, be better to remove him.
He was removed at the peril of his life?
Witness—I would imperil his life in the hope
f.of saving it. I f he remained in hospital and
refused to take food he would die.
Mr. Healy—Do you approve of bringing
a prisoner to the point of death before the
question of his removal from hospital arises ?
I don't.
Is not that the question we are trying
here? I t is.
Heart Must be Sound for Forcible Feeding.
1
Continuing, Sir Arthur said he had not
been consulted medically as regards the
treatment of prisoners in Mountjoy.
He
would like to modify J h * statement that the
condition of the heart would not be easily
detected in life except by heart specialists.
The size of the heart cohld be detected by a
skilled medical man-c fie thought
there
was a more important question, that is, the
condition of the muscA of the heart, which
could only be detected by an elaborate
examination, that is, an examination with
suitable appliances. The measure of the heart,
the quality, the exact strength, to be tested
would require a very complicated examina­
tion.
In your opinion is it a necessary condition
preceding forcible feeding to determine if pos­
sible that the heart was sound ?Yes.
Mr. Healy, in commenting on a reply of
the witness-, said: " I don't wish to modify
this answer in the least."
There was laughter in the court at this
remark.
Coroner and Laughter in Court.
The Coroner, addressing those in court,
said—I regret exceedingly that there should
.be any levity. This is a Coroner's Court,
and it is a very sad duty imposed on us to
inquire into the death of a fellow-country­
man. I will ask you not to let it take place
again.
The witness remarked that he was answer­
ing as definitely as he could.
Mr. Healy—That goes without saying.
Witness—I am afraid that it is not univer­
sally recognised.
Dealing with the evidence of Sir Thomas
Myles, witness said they had to risk life to
save life, as in surgical operations.
Mr. Healy pointed out that they were deal­
ing with forcible feeding.
Mr. Hanna—This shows the' injnrious
method of this cross-examination.
Mr. Healy—I am surprised at my fjiend.
Witness—I am not speaking- of this par­
ticular proceeding.
Every day in hospital
we risk life to save it. I am dealing with
surgical operations.
This was not a surgical operation ? I won't
, say that it was not surgical. I don t say tttitt
it was a proper one to perform, but the \a?*} ing of a tube into the throat is a surgical
) operation.
•
Therefore, in th'S matter forcitve feeding is
a surgical operation as performed ? Y e s .
Are you acquainted with Che' prison rules,
which requires the presence of a second doc­
tor at a surgical operation ?
I have no ac­
quaintance with prison rules.
Are all dangerous or painful surgical opera­
tions performed under anasthetics? Not all,
but very nearly all.
1
Forcible Feeding Described.
Would you describe to the jury the nature!
of the surgical operation of forcibly feed.ng
patients ? The patient would have to be re­
strained, his head would have to be kept
steady, his mouth—I am assuming resistance,
not artificial but forcible feeding—his mouth
forcibly opened.
Mr. Healy—Kept open by a gag ?
Witness—Kept open, let it stand at that.
The tube would then be passed down through
the throat into the stomach. The length of
the tube would be about three feet, and about
18 inches would'be used. A funnel would be
i used for forcing the food into the tube. The
larger and softer the tube the better j a smaller
and harder tube would be likely to cause in­
jury. I t would depend upon the resistance
whether it would be better to bind or fetter
his limbs.
Witness added that even with skilful treat­
ment, forcible feeding was dangerous to life.
The amount of danger depended upon various
circumstances, the amount of resistance and
the skill of the operator.
Replying to further inquiries, Sir Arthur
sad he thought one of the great dangers in
t
' forcible feeding was that when the tube was I
inside the patient might vomit, and if he was
restrained he might not be able to empty his
mouh.
Mr. Healy—Is the best way when a man is
lying down or sitting up in a chair.
Witness—I think, theoretically, the best
woy would be to have the patient lying prone
with his head low.
What is the practical way ?
I don't
know anything about forcible feeding. On
the whole he thought the best way would
be to have the patient lying down.
You see how awkward it would be were
you to say the best method would be tw feed
prone if the prison doctor said he fed him
aprightj sitting on a chair? I suppose if
ydu
feed
him
upright yon
get
the
food
in
pore
quirk ly. " If
he
is
lying on his back the food is less likely to
go down. There is a good deal to be said on
both sides. I myself would have the patient
i lying down.
How was the Attorney-General's message
to attend the post-mortem convered to you?
By telephone message from a voice that said
it was the Crown Solicitor's.
Further c^pss-examined, he said that
in
the
Bourse
of
an
informal
conversation with Dr. Dowdall his impression
was that Dr. DoWdafl told him that Mr. "Ashe
ceased to take food on Thursday; that he had
been forcibly fed, he thought, on the Satur­
day, and every day until Tuesday.
Mr- Healy—Did you express to Dr. Dowdall
any view on forcible feeding?
I cannot re­
member to have expressed any view on any
subject in this case.
Medical Help.
Did you ask if he had applied for medical
help? I did not.
Do you know that he did? I do not.
Do you know that he sent around to the
various hospitals, including the Richmond,
asking fo rmedjeal assitance and promising the
sum of five guineas a weekii I never heard of it
before.
Witness agreed with Sir Thos. Myles that
death was due to cardiac failure and other
' circumstances should be taken into conside­
ration at the same time—that the man had
been for some time in an empty cell without
| bed clothing or boots and suffering from
cold.
Mr. Healy proceeded to read Professor
McWeeney's evidence given yesterday from
a newspaper report.
Mr. Hanna asked
, what report that was, and Mr. Healy said it
was a report in the Government organ, the
'"Freeman's Journal."
Do you consider the watery condition of
his lung described by Professor McWeeney
occurred shortly before his death? Yes.
Professor McWeeney says—"His lungs
showed signs of a moderate amount of bron­
chitis and congestion." He was speaking of
the clinical examination of his lungs.
That was in life, I take it ? I n life.
What would you attribute that moderate
amount of bronchitis to—would it have been
to hia having been left standing for fifty hours
in his cell without bad" clothing^or would it be
the result of forcible feeding ?
I
I think both.
Therefore He must have had bronchitis be­
fore forcible feeding was administered ? Yon
put an abstract question to me, Mr. Healy.
Do you contradict Dr. Dempsey ? I don't,
because I could not. I did not examine him
, In life.
)
-
The Prison Authorities.
You see, Sir Arthur, I don't object to you
throwing the shield of his great authority over
the prison authorities.
Sir Arthur Chanee—I object to that re' mark very strongly*; I have given my evi­
dence perfectly fairly.
Mr. Hanna—I think it most unchivalrous
that a doctor of Sir Arthur Chance's emi­
nence should be charged wfth throwing his
shield over the prison authorities.
Mr. Healy said ha did not think he used
the word " shield," but if he said anything
that was offensive, even to the most sensi­
tive, he would withdraw it. He only wished
the same chivalry was shown to the late Mr.
\she. Now. Sir Arthur, supposing you had
115
been called into a hospital, and told by Dr.
Dempsey that X-rays had shown signs of
y a moderate amount of bronchitis and conges­
tion, would you accept i t ?
. i would, and would continue to accept it,
! except that the bronchi was opened at the
post mortem examination.
And do you think the post mortem nega­
tived the existence of bronchitis ?
I think that the post mortem showed that
the bronchi, so far as exposed, was normal.
Do you think a man would get bronchitis
who, subject to lung trouble and having oeen ^
deprived of his bed and shoes is then sub­
jected to this horrible operation ? Very .ikely j
May I take it from you that in your opin- •
ion there was malpractice?
That would depend entirely on the
^xvaf]
symptoms during life.
I was greatly struck
with
the
statement
Sir
John
Irwin
made that Mr. Ashe told him he was light­
headed. He did not complain.
Mr. Healy—Heroes and martyrs do not
complain.
Sir Arthur—I quite realise that.
l i e was
most uncomplaining.
*
Left In the Cell.
Mr. .Healy—Was
it
;
malpractice, in your
opinion, to subject a man who had been in
cold storage, oo to speak, for 48 hours, to
. forcible feeding ? If the man had any signs of
I lung disease he should not be forcibly fed.
With the knowledge that they intended to
i forcibly feed, was it malpractice to subject
^ him to the treatment they did ? 1 don't quite i
understand the technical meaning of the word.
Do you disapprove of the conduct of the
Government here with regard to Thomas
Ashe ? That is purely political, but I say it
is very wrong to leave this man in a cell as
he was for 48 hours.
Do you approve of the treatment of Mr.Ashe by your fellow-medical practitioner in
this rase ?
Mr. Hanna—He cannot answer that unless
he knows what the doctor did.
Do you approve of the action of the medi­
cal officer for Mountjoy Prison in administer­
ing forcible feeding to Mr. Thos. Ashe with
the knowjedge that he had been left in the
body of the jail for 48 hours without bed,
bedding, without clothes, without a seat to
sit on and standing in a cold cell ?
I don't
approve of the treatment meted out to Mr.
Thomas Ashe.
I do not like apportioning
responsibility as between one
officer
and
another.
I do not approve of the treatment.
Present Treatment of Prisoners.
Do you know that the Very same trTing
is now going on
in regard to
twenty
other men in this Christian land where men
kneejl down and pray ? I don't know.
Have you any knowledge or do you know
anything t>i the circumstances under which
Mr. Ashe was treated ? Nothing except
what I heard.
Mr. Hanna—Or suggested by Mr. Healy?
Witness—I have no knowledge.
Mr. Hanna (to witness)—You have no
knowledge as to whether he was restrained?
No.
Or whether he actually assisted in the
operation himself after making his protest ?
I have not the remotest idea. '
On resuming after the luncheon hour,
Mr. Healy said that Mr. Hanna was after
making a communication to him as to the
course of the inquiry, and he thought they
were at one as to the true course to follow.
Mr. Hanna told him it was not inconvenient
for the Court that they should sit to-morrow,
and in view of the fact that he (Mr. Healy)
had engagements which were made long be­
fore this calamity arose, he would ask the
Coroner to tak« that into consideration. His
learned friend was not going to objeet to the
application that they should not sit at all
next week.
The Coroner—I am altogether in your
hands, but it is a question I have to put to
the jury.
After consultation, the jury decided that
on the conclusion of the day's p r o c e e O i s
the inquest be adjourned to next 2*,»ida\
week at 11.50 o'clock.
Question for the Cabinet.
CASE F O RPRISON
AUTHORITIES
M r . Hanna, K . C . , said, before he called
J the ordinary prison witnesses—the men who
I had charge of the deceased m prison, he would
W glad i f the Coroner j w o o i d give h i m the
I i p o r t u n i t y of stating briefly to the j u r y the
case on behalf of the prison authorities. J
The Coroner assented to th-is course.
M r . Hanna said he appeared on behalf of
t h e prison authorities there, and as he said in
the course of the evidence thatwas given t h a t
morning, hey conrted the fullest investigation
as to the care t h a t was taken w i h reference tc
the deceased while he was in Mountjoy prison.
M r . Healy, i n the c o u r s e * f his examinati<i
a n d his interlocutory examination, had made
comments upon the Prisons' Board and upon
the Executive, b u t w i t h these matters he
was
not so immediately concerned
as
w i t h the position of the actual local prison
nil inflBlIp ,''HNoIr 'Ilium i
Aslie
was
brought into M o u n t j o y Prison first of a l l on
the 29th August. He was then brought i n
as a prisoner awaiting t r i a l . He was tried
by courtmartial, and the order under which
he was committed was dated the 10th
September.
He was sentenced t o a period
of
t w o years' imprisonment w i t h hard
labour, one year being remitted, so t h a t he
was i n Mountjoy Prison and received by
the Governor of the prison under an order
which p u t him into the category of an offen­
der of the t h i r d division. H e had twelve
months w i t h hard labour t o serve i n the
prison, and i t was necessary for h i m at t h a t
stage to explain t h a t i n connection w i t h the
administration of a prison the governor and
the deputy governor and the other people who
were employed there by the Government had
no discretion as to altering the class i n which
a prisonerm i g h t be put.
I f the order of the
Court which tried h i m , whether i t be a Courtmartial or a Judge at Green street Commis­
sion or anywhere else, directed he was t o be
a first-class misdemeanant, the governor must
put h i m i n t h a t category and keep h i m there,
asd i f no mention was made i n the order he
was put in the. t h i r d class as an offender of
the t h i r d divisio
CarTlTd Out Orders.
He wanted the j u r y t o start w i t h this i n
their minds—-that a great many 'things had
to be considered, and he wanted to point out
that the Governor of the Prison and those
/mdier him had to act i n strict conformity
w i t h the order which was handed to hint
when the deceased was p u t i n t o their cus­
tody. Dealing w i t h the position of the V i s i t ­
ing Justices, counsel said they were persons
nominated by various authorities, approved
of by the Lord Lieutenant to visit the prison
in their district for the purpose of observa, tion, snd, he supposed, i n a way, to see t h a t
! no injustice was done t o the prisoners, and
I t h a t the orders were being carried out. I t
! was in v i r t u e of t h a t t h a t Sir John I r w i n , and
, at his invitation, the L o r d M a y o r visited
I these prisoners in Mountjoy on the date they
had mentioned. I n these addition t o these
i people there had been mentioned the Prisons
, Board. The Prisons Board was a department
of the C i v i l Service, the head of which was
I M r . M a x Green, who had no more power
under the A c t of Parliament t o vary the con| ditiondition i n which a prisoner was under
the order of the court t h a n Mr. Monroe, ti.»
. Governor of the prison.
He was only an
official under the Government t o see t h a t M r ,
Monroe and the others carried out the orders
of the Courts of Justice, and i f an order was
made by the assize court or by the police
i court
or
by
the
Recorder
that
prisoner
was
to
be
put
into
the
second division the chairman of the Prisons i
Board had no more power or authority t o
niter that to the first division. That was the
position under the law, and he d i d not t h i n k
lb w o u l d be gainsaid by M r . Healy.
When
they saw these men p u t into a prison under
an order of the Court a system was laid down
hard and fast, a system
which must be
obeyed.
M r . Healy had incidentally stated
to him t h a t when a man was convicted of
sedition he was entitled under the Act of
Parliament to be put into the fir* class of
misdemeanants. ' First offender, Ashe was ,
not convicted of sedition in the sense in which i
Mr. Healy used the word and read the section. 1
N
1
M r . Ashe was convicted under a special
S t a t u t e - D . O R . A . - f o r causing
dissension
amongst his Majesty's subjects, and no un­
prejudiced person would say t h a t a person
convicted under D . O . R . A . was entitled to
privileges under the A c t of 1877, which was
passed under different conditions. A s to
whether M r . Ashe should be p u t i n the 1st,
2nd, or 3rd class was not a question for the
L o r d Lieutenant.
I t might
be a ques­
tion for the Cabinet i n London or such
h i g h statesmanship, a n d the L o r d Lieutenant
may not feel at liberty t o deal w i t h the mat­
ter.
Dealing w i t h the facts of the case,
counsel said t h a t Thomas Ashe was i n the
I prison on the 10th September, and on the
111th September he asked to be brought bei fore the Governor, M r . Munroe. A s M r .
Munroe was absent, M r . Boland, the Deputy
Governor, saw h i m . M r . Ashe told h i m t h a t
he w o u l d not w o r k or obey any order or rule !
relating
to
criminal
prisoners,
as he
did
not
consider
himself
a criminal.
Mr.
Boland
said he would note what
Ashe had said, b u t he
warned
him
against disobeying the regulations. M r . Bo­
land brought the matter before the Prison's
Board. F r o m the t i m e that Ashe wen into
prison u n t i l the day he left it he did no w o r k ;
• -•- • • ' • • V v v * - «•-••••-"•"•-'•••» , - • • • • « » •
the svork he was expected to do was sewing
mail bags. When he was out a t exercise he
, talked continually w i t h everyone he got m
' contact w i t h . He set the whole place at de­
fiance (hear hear).
M r . Hanna, addressing the Coroner, said he
knew t h a t a great many of the people present
disagreed w i t h the matters he put forward,
b u t l i k e the prison officials he had his d u t y
to perform.
His d u t y was to p u t befere
the j u r y the case on behalf of the people
whom M r . Healy intended to implead.
There would be a great many things said
t h a t would not be agreeable ( A VoigB 'A
• " V e r y likely " ) .
The Coroner here intervened and called
foi order.
A V e r y Serious M a t t e r .
M r . Hanna, resuming, f*aid they were i n ­
vestigating a very serious matter, and i f he
was unable to put the case of the prison
authorities w i t h o u t interruption he w o u l d
hsk the Coroner to have the court cleared, j
Even, said counsel, M i . Healy's supporters j
should have a sense of fair. play.
As he .
(counsel) had stated, M r . A«me set the place
at edfiance. He was perfectly civil to^jMr.
Boland, but he was resolved and determined
that he would not conform to the prison regu­
lations. The whole matter i n regard to the
prisoners was under consideration when this
unfortunate
hunger
strike
started.
The
complaint
made
by
Ashe
was
put
before
the
Prisons'
Board,
and
the
report
which
Mr.
Boland
got
from the Chairman of the Prisons Board was
one warning the prisoner as to the conse­
quences of persistently disobeying the prison
rules. When the prisoner continued i n this
insubordinate manner, the Governor was en­
titled to give h i m sever* punishment TT he
was so minded, b u t the Governor was aware
t h a t Ashe was not of the ordinary, criminsl
pickpocket
class,
snd
was
unwilling
to
do . anything
unduly harsh.
He
had Ashe brought before h i m and in­
formed h i m as t o w'hat the Prison Board had
said. Ashe replied that he wonld s t i l l pro­
test against being classed as a criminal and
that be w o u l d not comply w i t h the rules. He
was taken o u t t o w o r k and again refused,
and again he was brought before the Deputy- I
Governor.
Counsel pointed out that these |
men were put into a wooden shed together,
awav from the ordinary prisoners, b u t they
were not allowed t o t a l k . I t was a prison these
men were i n , added counsel, and n o t ,
a place of j o y .
1
1
1
No Forcibly Fed.
M r . Hanna, continuing, emphasised
the
fact that in no case was the deceased forcibly
fed. He would not feed himself. The doctor
advised h i m that as he had now made his
protest, that itwould be far better for h i m
to take his food and have no trouble. The
doctor said " We cannot allow you to die,
we w i l l have to feed y o u . " He said, " V e r y
w e l l . " He was feed artiflcally, twice' on
Sunday, twice on Monday and once on Tues­
day. On no occasion was he gagged of
strapped or restrained in any way whatever.
More of these supposed
operations took
place.
He did not place the slightest ob­
stacle i n being brought from the cell to the
doctor's room, where he was fed. He walked
there w i t h the warder and he walked back
with him.
On each occasion he gave the
doctor any l i t t l e assistance. WTjen the doc­
tor asked h i m i f he was a l l r i g h t . H e said
t h a t he felt all right. The man took a sen­
sible view about i t . He said " I won't feed
myself; I won't resist.
I t will make me
very uncomfortable." He did actually state
that, but t h a t was the view he took
of
it.
He
was
fed
artiflcally
on
these
five
occasions.
With
reference
to t h i s artificial feeding. D r . Dowdall had
been the doctor there for a considerable time.
He was there when the suffragettes were
there, and he had as much experience i n arti­
ficial feeding as any doctor in Ireland. The
i state of affairs in Mountjoy was absolutely
{ unprecedented.
I n the case of the suffrAgettea when they refused to take food, he fed
them, but these' ladies were otherwise agree­
able to the prison regulations.
The whole
place was i n pandemonium, and the Gover­
nor had to take means to have the rules
obeyed.
I t was suggested i n the case of
Ashe that he had not his bed or bed clothes
up to the time he was taken to hospital.
M r . H e a l y — I never suggested t . .
M r . Hanna—That is sot the fact.
Os
either Thursday or Friday night, as Sir John
I r w i n stated, he was w i t h o u t his bed. They
would have to remember that when they took
the bed asd bed clothes away, the state of
these men's feelings
towards the prison
reasonable. I t was not the case as if they were
authorities
there.
It
was because thev .
might
be
destroyed,
as
they stsrteJl '
to
destroy
everything.
The
tempera­
ture
of
the
cell was fairly
reason­
able. I t was not the case as i f they were
in the open air.
Soldiers and heroes sleep
out in the open Air, and e£ndure hardships
far greater than any of the Mountjoy pri­
soners, w i t h o u t grumble or murmur. . I t
was not unreasonable for the staff to take
these precautions for the purpose of protect­
ing the property.* I f he said that he felt
cold, because he was left like that all night, j*
he had himself to blame tot i t . When they
were put into prison they had to obey t h e
rules of the prison, which were stringent
ones. He could have been put into the *
punishment cell,
where
there was no I
furniture or anything to lie upon. I f they "
had done that, probably they might have made
some other complaint. Dr. Dowdall would in
form what he did w i t h Ashe. When he came
to the prison originally he examined h i m w i t h
reference to the heart w i t h the stetheseope,
and he would tell them that he found nothing
wrong w i t h h i m , and passed him as fit for
hard labour.
1
1
PRISON ORDERLY'S E V I D E N C E
Bernard Watters, an orderly in Mountjoy*
Prison, and who has 33 years i n the service, |
stated t h a t he remembered the deceased, who
at no time was under his charge from tlrfe.
time he was artificially fed.
Witness as­
sisted t o get the food ready for h i m . I n '
order to be fed, the prisoners were brought
from the cell to the room where the doctor^
was. He had nothing to do w i t h Ashe u n t i l ,
Tuesday morning. When being brought tothe doctor's room deceased made no resist-,,
ance. D r . Lowe was in attendance when the-^
deceased was brought to the room. When de- j
c # s e d come into the room he asked thei
doctor for some opening medicine.
'aial
The Feeding Described.
The doctor asked him would he prefer a '
pill, and deceased said he would prefer a
draught, in the milk. The food consisted of
two eggs beaten up in a pint of warm milk.
The deceased sat down on a chair and did
not in any way resist.
He opened his
mouth to receive the tube, and Dr. Lowe in­
serted the tube. Deceased when the tube
' was first inserted seemed inclined to vomit,:
as it tickled the back of hid throat, and the
.doctor brought up the tube again. The
.doctor put it down again and asked Ashe if
he was all right, and he nodded hia head.
E.The tube was put on to the end of the sto­
mach pump. The end of the pump was put
.into the vesesl containing the food, and the
.food was then pumped
int(T the stomach.
'During the operation he continued sitting in
the chair.
The operatiou lasted from five
to eight minutes. When the contents had
't'een pumped into the stomach the tube was
^withdrawn and deceased then vomited about
| v/ineglas*ful of food, which was a thing that
frequently happened. A s deceased was a little
?Weak the doctor told the warders to bring
Ashe out carefully and he was accordingly
removed outside the room. Witness also
stated that he assited at the feeding of the
deceased on the Sunday previously and on
that ocasion Ashe did not resist in any way.
In reply to the Coroner, witness stated
that he was certain the stomach pump was
used in putting the food into the stomach.
Cross-examined by Mr. Healy—Have you
got he war bonus? I have (laughter).
What was the name of the warder that
attended Mr. Ashe on the Saturday when he
was being forcibly fed ? I don't know, I
was not there.
Is it that you cannot tell or won't tell ?
I cannot tell. I was not present, and could
'. no say whether he was fed on Saturday or
-not.
j I s it part of your case that this gentleman
1 was not forcibly fed on the Saturday!
l
have nothing to do with the forcing I u?iness.
Witness continued to say that he was never
in charge of the late Mr. Ashe. The rules
attaching to the prison were strictly observed
^ Mr. Healy asked for the production of the
Vrison punishment book and other records,
^iid
\\ Mr. Hanna said any books not in court
onld be produced to Mr. Healy.
Mr. Healy cross-examined the witness at
'. length as to the prison rules, and more pa*ticnlady as to the infliction of punishment. P
Mr. ilecly called for the
Punishment Boole,
but was informed that it was not in court.
Mr. Hanna said the book could be pro­
duced.
Mr. Healy said he also wanted the Go­
vernor's book.
" A n d , " ho went on, " I
'want them now."
i The Coroner directed a special messenger
to be sent to the prison for these books.
Mr. Healy also asked for the medical
books.
.
Mr. - Hanna produced
these, and M r .
Healy examined them.
Thewitness Waters went on to say, m
further reply to Mr. Healy, that some - l
the prisoners were removed to ,the refrac­
tory portion of the prison—C base. H e
did* not know if Mr. Ashe was amongst
them.
Mr. Hanna said M r . Ashe was never >n
that part of the prison.
Mr. Healy, K . C . — H o w many stomachpumps have you in Mouotjoy.
Witness—Fuur or five.
And there were 40 hunger striker pri­
soners? Y e s .
One pump to ten men? That may be.
Mr. Healy called for the pump teed on
Mr. Ashe.
. .^Vv..*.-''''' 1
tJJMJg
Dr. Dowdall said t. was not in court, but
he had the tube.
Mr. Healy—I want
;
The Weapon o l Death.
Witi
to gst
and U
said he had nothing to do except
food readv—*' to break the eggs
like that:,"
u. j th^f. the whole of vour
s
The witness declared that he did not
know of the matters referred to by coun­
sel, and M r . Healy* asked him was ho
caned because be was inuocent.
W Mr Healy read extract* from the medical
Lboogs, in which the doctor .stated he proImposed artificially feeding the prisoners on
the Saturday.
The witness said that in his presence 15
or 20 prisoners were subjected to this
treatment. I t was the same pump used
on each, and it might have been the same
tube, sterilised.
How is the tube sterilised? Hot water
is put through it and poured out again.
The Ooroner said it was cleansing—not
sterilisation.
Answering further questions the witness
said Ashe was about the tenth to be fed,
but he did not know whether it was the
j same tuhe. Three warders and the doctors
j took part in the operation.
OR. W. H . L O W E ' S T E S T I M O N Y
HOW ' F E E D I N G " WAS C A R R I E D O U T
117
EXAMPLES OF PUMPING.
f
Were you shown some specimens of th*
work you were to do—were you to serve an
apprenticeship?—I saw some others fed by
Dr. Dowdall.
\$Jmf'
How many examples of pumping did D i .
Dowdall perform i n your presence before
you performed on M r . Ashe? I think there
were four or five. I assisted him in some
:
others.
When he indueted yon into the art, did
he leave you alone in your glory?—He ap­
peared satisfied, and left.
Witness said he was an M . B . of Dublin
VnivM-irv-. He had not yet ceased to act
as feeding operator at Mountjoy.
Did you practise the operations this
morning?—Yes.
Did Mr. Lynch and Mr. Stack complain
• f jour treatment of them in your operaWon? -Mr. Stack said he would prefer Dr.
Dowdall to do it.
Asked why did Mr. Stack object, witness
replied—His reason was that Dr. Dowdall
would put the tube down more easily.
was after he had done with M r .
Tnerhat
she.
Witness thought one other priso­
complained
• Was that after you had done with M r .
D r . W m . Henry Lowe, examined by M r .
Hanna 6aid he graduated i n 1909 and had
been i n practice since then. O n Tues., 25th
Sept. he was engaged i n Mountioy Prison
assisting D r . Dowdall artificially feeding
t h e prisoners. H e was not a member of the
prison staff. There was no force used when
M r . Ashe came into the room.
Witness
asked him bow he felt, and he replied, " I
feed well, but a bit weak." Witness then
took his pulse, which was steady, regular,
somewhat quick, and a little weak. Wit­
ness was satisfied as a result that he was
fit' for artificial feeding. H e asked for a
purgative, and witness asked him if he
would have a pill.
H e replied that he
would prefer a draught to the pill. Wit­
ness then proceeded to give him the food.
H e sat i n the chair and offered no resis­
tance whatever. T h e warders had not to
restrain him i n any way; he voluntarily
opened his mouth. Witness passed the tube
gently into his mouth, and when it passed
into h i e throat it caused h i m inconvenience,
so he withdrew it. T h e nature of the in­
convenience was that he coughed slightly,
and witness withdrew it to enable h i m to
•elear his throat, and, after that he was
enabled to get the tube in without difficulty.
When he got it down sufficiently, witness
asked i f M r . Ashe felt a l l right, and he
nodded assent. Witness used the pump,
and it took between 5 and 10 minutes to
put the food i n . When the feed was over,
and after I had withdrawn the tube, he
vomited slightly. T o witness he said . ' ' I
am all right, but a bit weak."
A F T E R T H E OPERATION.
P i d you observe i n his face any signs?
I noticed his lips were somewhat blue, just
when he was going t o get out of the
chair. I then told the warders to take him
away, and get h i m lying down as quiokly
asoossible. T h a t was the last I saw of him.
Prior t o the feeding operation being con­
cluded, did you notice any signs of failing
heart r—No. Before I started to feed h i m
I was satisfied he was in a fit condition to
be fed. I was aware he had been fed
several times previously through the tube
MR. H E A L Y C R O S S - E X A M I N E S
T o M r . Healy—I first performed this
operation on Tues. H e was connected with
Steevens's Hospital, and with the Dental
Hospital.
Are there many cases of forcible feeding
i n Steevons' Hospital?
Witness replied
that he had never seen one performed there,
nor d i d he ever carry out the operation
himself up to then; but he did artificial
feeding.
T h i s was t h e first occasion on which you
h a d been engaged i n forcible feeding?—I
was not engaged i n forcible feeding; i t was
a r t i f i c i a l feeding. There was no force.
I f there was force necessary, you were
there t o do i t ? — I f force was necessary, 1
would first call my senior. D r . Dowdall
He was engaged by D r . Dowdall. who tele^
honed to h i m . H e could not say i f D r .
'owdall h a d informed him he was wanted
for artificial feeding; he used some words
to t h a t effect. D r . Oooke, another prison
doctor, told h i m what h a d been going o n in
the prison.
Von t h o u g h t a r t i f i c i a l a n d forcible feed­
ing were the same t h i n g ? — I did not t h i n k
w e r e the same thing; but the diff
£
\-in>
—It
was.
Therefore, after you had clone with Mr.
Ashe, two prisoners complained of your
Treatment?-They said that Dr. Dowdall
did it easier.
I don't remember the
names.
, You had seen, as a result of j'our opera­
tion that M r . Ashe's lips went blue?—
•—Yes.
, *" You knew this was a dangerous opera­
tion?—Yes.
He had learned of this from
his teachings, but he could mention no
book of authority wherein he saw it.
A FIVE-GUINEA F E E .
* .Asked what he got for the job, witness
aadd five guineas a week.
NfccraaaectL\a of Lha jiujaalwR JBI jiaranns.
to be operated on?—There was no state­
ment about any number.
1 was told,
roughly, how long it would take me, and
I said I would go up.
' D i d you tell D r . Dowdall that you never
had any previous experienoe of the work?
— I told him I never artftcially fed per­
sons.
I had considerable experienoe i n
passing the stomach tube i n private prac­
tice and in hospital*
Which
hospital ?—Steevens'
Hospital,
where I was a student for ahont a year.
How many did you operate a n before Mr.
Ashe's fatal t u r n came t—I think about
four persons.
'
i L it your evidence that these were all
j willing victims?—None of them made any
i protest to me.
8o th*v vlion W a t t w s say* the prisoner
•aid, " I protest against being forcibly
fed you were uiuAle to hear i t r — I didn t
hear h i m make that statement. H e cer­
tainly didn't make i t to me.
Warters was i n the room, and yon were
the person in charge, and you swear that
the man who was going to be operated on
did not protest?—I swear that.
And you swear that, knowing i n that
! respect yon are in oonflict with the war­
der?—I do not think I am i n oonflict.
Mr. Ashe's lips got blue and he col­
lapsed and had to be taken to hospital?—
Yes.
i
And you say that he said nothing i n the
nature of a protest against your practice
upon him?—I did not hear h i m protest.
NO S T E R I L I S A T I O N .
Witness proceeded to say that he need
the same pump in each case. There were
a number of tubes, but it might not have
been the same tube. H e cleaned the tubes,
he did not' sterilise them. Some 19 or
20 were artificially fed on Tues.
You know if one man has tuberculosis or
cancer there is danger of the infection
being conveyed from one to another?—No
such thing could happen i n these cases.
No man with disease would have been sub­
ject to that treatment.
Before you put this gentleman through
the treatment that provoked his death,
and f i l i n g his pulse, did jou apply any
test to his condition?—I asked him how he
felt.
Beyond taking his pulse did you apply
any medical tact to the man's condition
to show that he was fit for this forcible
feeding?—I did not.
And immediately afterwards his lips
went blue?—Y«g, I can explain why I
did not give any further medical examina­
tion ns to the condition of his heart.
'When that man's card was brought in
with him it stated he was underKoinu hard
118
!.;l">ur. No man is passed fit tor hard
labour until tho prison doctor has ex­
amined his heart and given his opinion.
Witness explained that s o m e of the other
prisoners underwent the feeding without
having the tube put into their stomachs,
and. instead, had the food inserted into
a funnel. He asked Mr. Ashe was it by
the tube into the stomach that he was
fed, nnd he said " Y e s . " M r . A s h e ' was
offered a different method of feeding, and
: declined it. The tubes were cleansed in
the- same water, and likely cleaned on the
same towel.
Since the tragedy he had'
kept up the operation on other prisoners.
He performed it on 17 on Wednesday.
Mr. Healy asked for an order for the
at tendance of the warders present on Tues.,
and Mr. Hanna said they would find out
•who they were and produce them.
EPSOM SALTS.
Witness, in reply to Mr. Healy, said
that he was not a*ked to make any re­
turn of how he treated deceased and had
made none.
At the request of the de­
ceased he gave him a purgative, which conhHted of a dose of Epsom salts.- which was
administered in the food.
Mr. Healy—Is Epsom salts to a mam in
a state of collapse a suitable purgative?—
I t is not; he was not in a state of col­
lapse. I would not give any purgative to
a man in a collapsed condition.
I n further reply, witness said that he,
wrote that the heart of the deceased was
steady, regular, somewhat quick, and a
little weak.
And this was the man to whom you gave
Epsom salts?—Yes.
Thia is the man whose lips became blue
rhen he got it?—Yes.
And this is the man who was dead within
seven hours?—Yes.
J .¥*:, <*ly—And you are the man who
i i d i t ! (Applause.)
Mr. Hanna protested that it was abso­
lutely unparalleled i n the history of the
«u*°
*
to take advantage
of his position to insult a witness—a pro­
fessional man, who was clearly acting to
the best of lus ability, ,*nd had given hie
svidence, as they could see, very frankly,
whether it was in his favour or against
him.
Mr. Healy—I hold I was absolulelv justi
*rL ¥
^ t n e s s himself "said.
Dr. Lowe—All I can say is that I carried
out my duty to the best of my ability,
and I acted under instructions.
Mr. Healy said that he would read the
only record affecting the prisoner—17th
>ept. Mr. Boyd said—"Prisoner refused
to do any work.
Prisoner says he has nothing to
say."
Under the
heading:
•Other Punishments" was—" Forfeit of
instnn tire books for 7 days; also marks
for every day he refuses to w o r k / ' There
was no record, as the prison rules re­
quired, that the bedclothes and furniture
should be removed from these men.
I)r. I^nwo it a near relatlro oi B * T . W . J . Low,,
u.u. a w«n-known Presbyterian clergyman,
-upt. I-owe. D.M.P., and hiw been for
tome time in practice on the north tide of Dublin.
A crowd paseing Dr. Lowe'? residence in Aniens
night indulged in boohs. Tne house
wae strongly guarded by police.
THE JURY.
The following are the names of the jury
at the Ashe inquest.—
0. M'lntyre (Foreman). 40 St. Patrick's road J .
R
1 Limfcay terrace; B. g. Allshlre, 3
road; George S. Wood*.
8 PhilwbW
M'0uinne««, 8 9 Phibsboro' road; J . Coyne.
DoTM-t street; W. I Qrttwn, 3 1 8 North
road, J . M'Enttt, 21 St. Anr.es road;
!"'.12 Lindsay road; A. Cochrane, 383
5 >orth Ctrrular road: W. M. T u r i n , H
-trect; T. Walsh. 9 3 \) . floret
I. M'Gi'ire, 18 Phihshoro' road; M Bol-er
sbr.ro road; t*. M'Gulnness 11 iPhihul.nro'
Smith, 100 Primrose street; 4. Casey, a
'set street.
" *
H
T
r
a
t
C 0 T , n 8
t
n
1
e
1 0
PT
Keplying to M r . Hanna, Watters said he
was present at the feeding of M r . Ashe on
the Sun. before his death. Mr* Ashe was
then strapped to a chair; the straps were:
fastened loosely around each arm and leg.
He did not believe straps were used on the
Tues—the last occasion of the feeding of
Mr. Ashe.
'
I
Mr. Healv—If he did not resist, why w a 6
he strapped ?—A great many were strapped.
and some were not. Mr. Ashe made no re-1
sistance.
D r . Dowdall was present.
11
believe D r . Dowdall was right in saving
that Sun. was the first occasion on which
M T . Ashe was forcibly fed.
I t was the
first day I was present. Some of the others
were forcibly fed on the Sat. I do not
know why an exception was made i n M r .
Ashe's case.
FORCIBLE FEEDING
EVIDENCE
OF
2
PRISON
DOCTORS.
;
CROSS-EXAMINATION B Y
MR. T . M. H E A L Y .
The inquest on the late Mr. Thos. Ashe
was resumed yesterday in the City Morgue,
and after the evidence of Dr. Dowdall,
M.O., Mountjoy Prison, and D r . Kin6ella,
M.O., Maryborough Prison, was adjourned
until to-morrow. Warder Watters was fur­
ther examined. Mr. T . M . Healy, M . P . ,
for the next-of-kin, whose cross-examination
of D r . Dowdall as to his " artificial feed­
i n g " of Mr. Ashe and points of prison
procedure excited great interest, asked for
the production of certain records and also
of certain of Mr. Ashe's fellow-prisoners.
Aid. Byrne and Mr. Cosgrave, M.P.'s, were
among those present.
The resignation is officially announced of
Dr. Edgar F l i n n , of the Prisons Board.
NO P R O T E S T S .
O n the Tues., when M r . Ashe's lips went
blue, did D r . Lowe give h i m any restora­
tive? W h a t did D r . Lowe doP—He told the
warder to bring him out and lay him down
quietly in his bed.
And it was by a chance* he met D r .
Dowdall coming out?—I don't know. W i t ­
ness added that he did not know the name
of the first prisoner operated on. About 6
or 7 were operated on before M r . Ashe, and
none of them protested as being hurt. He
could not give the names. Some of them
vomited. E a c h was inclined to vomit when
the tube went down the t h r o a t
O n the Tues. was Mr. Ashe's throat held
by anybody?—It was not. Witness could
not account for the marks on deceased's
throat and chin. There were no scars when
he last saw h i m .
To the Coroner, witness 6aid none of the
other prisoners saw deceased forcibly fed.
P R I S O N E R S AS W I T N E S S E S .
AN APPLICATION
\
B Y MR
HEALY.
%
Mr. Healy, at the outset, mentioned
that it would be necessarv for h i m to
apply for the examination of certain
prisoners—colleagues ox the deceased in
Mountjoy—and if any attempt were made
to remove those prisoners to England, as
was reported, he would charge it as an
attempt to hamper the interests of justice.
Mr. Hanna described the proposition to
regard the prisoners in Mountjoy as pos­
sible witnesses as ridiculous, but said
whatever
legal procedure
yas
neces­
sary to have witnesses brought to Court
could be adopted bv Mr. Healy. T h e latter
then said that he did not know whether
the Coroner had the power to demand the
attendance of prisoners undergoing sen­
tence, but. if he had, application would
be made that he should exercise it* while,
if he had not, apniication would be made
to the High Courts.
The Coroner stated that his business was
limited; he could not go into a general in­
quiry—only into the question of Tboe.
Ashe's death
I f Mr. Healy showed him
that any prisoner was present when the
treatment was carried on he would sum­
mon h i m .
He understood he 'had that
power. Mr. Healy said, in tihat case, he
would give the names, and he added that
he proposed flatly contradicting a state­
ment by Mr. Hanna, at the previous
sitting, that the prisoners' bedclothes,
shoes and beds were removed on the
rround that the men were creating a pan­
demonium.
WARDER WATTERS RECALLED.
On Warder Watters being recalled, Mr.
Healy said there was an absolute conflict
of opinion between that witness and Dr.
Lowe, and if this was a n attempt to pre­
pare an assimilation of truth between the
two, he held that that could not be done.
Mr. Hanna suggested that M r . Healy was
again endeavouring to throw dirt on DrLowe, and Mr. Healy retorted, amid ap­
plause and laughter, " D r . Lowe threw
dirt op himself. I threw none.
Mr.
Hanna said if
there were any fur­
ther
demonstrations
by
the
public
he
would
leave
the
Court
with
all his witnesses. He added that tfhere
was " a olique attending every day for the
Tuirpose of supporting Mr. Healy, and en­
tirely i n sympathy with him-' T " ? had
a right to "be there, but they had no right
to express their feelings i n the way they
ivere doing.
6
DR. D O W D A L L ' S E V I D E N C E ,
THE
FIRST FEEDING
PROCESS,
D r . R . G . Dowdall, M.O., Mountjoy P r i ­
son, stated, in answer to M r . Hanna, that
Mr Ashe first came under his control on
Aug. 20, when he was awaiting trial, and
that he was then in good health.
The
prisoner yras stripped to the waist, and
wjitness made a complete examination of
h'ia heart with the stethoscope, and he also
examined his lungs. There was nothing
wrong—no irregularity and no displace; ment of the apex beat of the heart, and
I he was free from rupture. Witness asked
; him if he was in good health, and he said
I he was. He said nothing of having been
treated for tubercular glands, and witness
observed none. I n physique, M r . Ashe was
a tall, powerfully-built man, inclined to
be stout.
After trial by court martial,
:
risoner was committed on Sept. 10, with a
Eard
labour sentence
Witness again
examined him, when he again said he was
in good health, and the examination disi closed no weakness in the constitution, and
j M r . Ashe made no complaint.
Witness
was of opinion that he was fit for hard
i labour.
Witness's attention was next drawn to
the, prisoner on Sept. 20, when he heard
tO f the prisoner- had gone on hunge;
strike. On Sun., 23rd, he was first artifi­
cially fed, and that was the only occasion
on which witness fed him. On that occa­
sion witness had a conversation with him.
Mr. Ashe was brought into a room between
two warders, and sat on a chair. Witness
asked him to partake of the food himself,
as the artificial process was moat unplea­
sant; but he refused. Witness could not
say what words he used, but he refused to
take the food voluntarily.
>
THE PUMP AND TUBE,
" I then examined h i m , " continued Dr.'
Dowdall; " I am not certain if I examined'
his heart with the stethescope. I examined'
his pulse.
He then protested.
I then
asked him to open his mouth, which he d i d .
Straps were loosely put on in case he put
up his hands to touch the food.
Thf
straps were perfectly loose.
He voluntarily opened his mouth, and *
passed the tube in without any difficulty
The food consisted of milk and beaten u
eggs, and I passed that with the aid of th
pump and tube which I have here."
Handed (he pump and tube, witness pi
ceeded to explain the manner in whi
Ji&x were worked. " Wlur not produce
!
:
whole guillotine?" inquired Mr. Healy. j
Witness explained the difference between!
the working of the funnel tube and the
pump. I n the former case, if the tube got
blocked with particles of the egg he would
have to withdraw it and clean it, and again j
insert it, whioh would cause discomfort.,
He had considerable experience in artificial |
feeding. H e seldom had to use force. H i s j
ixperionce was that the small tube and j
pump was the better medium for feeding, i
Mr. Ashe made no complaint; he was fed
through the mouth.
^SERIOUSLY I L L . "
" On the Tues. morning at 11.45," D r .
Dowdall added, " I met M r . Ashe coming
from the room in company with two war­
ders, one walking on each side supporting
him. I spoke to him. I said, ' Ashe, how
do yen feel ?' He said, ' I feel weak. I ,
told the warders to bring h i m at once to
hospital. I went over immediately after­
wards and examined h i m . T h e heart was
weak and somewhat irregular; the extrem­
ities were slightly cold; the respiration was
much embarrassed. I said to him,
You
are very seriously ill,- I shall secure your
release, and shall want you to take some
brandy and milk.' I handed h i m myself
about an ounce of brandy and an equal
quantity of miik. This he took from me,
on the understanding that he would be re­
leased. I had a hot j a r placed at his feet
and I told one of the assistant hospital
warders to remain with h i m and admin­
ister brandy, milk, and beef-tea every fif­
teen minutes."
Cross-examined by M r . Healy—Rule 168
(3) says i " T h o medical officer shall once
every day, o r oftener, visit every prisoner
under punishment, or under special discip­
line, o r any other prisoner to whom his
attention is specially directed.** T h e only
record in the Governor's punishment book
handed to me is this: " Sept. 15th, Thomas
Ashe, idling.
M r . Boyd says: ' Prisoner
refuses to do any work.' Prisoner says he
has nothing to say. Punishment awarded:
Forfeit instructive books for seven days;
also marks for every day he refused to
work." Y o u are aware that that is the
only record in the book authorising any
punishment of Mr. Ashe?—I don't quite
understand you.
Witness had a conversation with M r .
A'she as to where he should be eent to on
his release, and he said he wished to be
sent to the Mater Hospital. H e asked him
if he felt fit to undertake the journey, and he said he did. Witness met one of
the chaplains, D r Dargle, and asked him
to secure a bed at the Mater Hospital. H e
also called his attention to M r . Ashe. He
asked him if he wished to communicate
with any friend, and he mentioned one—
Mr. Michael Foley, of Cabra road. Witness
could not tell what hour he handed the
name to the Governor. Before his removal
Mr. Ashe appeared to improve slightly,
and said he felt better.
D r . Dowdall said that was quite right.
Asked under what circumstances M r . Ashe
was deprived of his bed and bedding, wit­
ness said he merely marked him fit for
deprivation and close confinement. He did
not. as his knowledge was at the time,
know that the sentence of deprivation of
bed and bedding was entered in a book.
M r . Hanna read D r . Dowdall's report to
the Governor, which stated his opinion
th^t Mr. Ashe's illness " may terminate
fatally before the termination of his sen­
tence."
The nature of the disease was
given as " weak heart," and it was stated
in the report that the prisoner's illness
had not been caused by confinement in
prison, or aggravated by h i s treatment
there.
R E M O V A L TO M A T E R .
D r . Dowdall said the prisoner was re­
moved abont 5.5 p.m. on Tues. evening,
and he personally supervised his removal.
H> was then of opinion that Mf. Ashe
Was fit to be removed, and that it was for
his benefit to be removed.
Some hours
afterwards witness called at the Mater
Hospital to inquire how he was, and a
nursing sister informed him that D r .
Dempsey had hopes of his recovery. W h i l e
he was i n prison Mr. Aahe had grown a
beard about a quarter of an inch longWhen he was removed to hospital he had
this beard on. He had no scratebes or
bruises on his face, and witness had re­
peated opportunities for noticing h i m .
'j 3 * ^
present at the post-mortem,
and the deceased was then clean-shaven.
L<$*r a r k s
referred to by
Professor
M Weeney were then visible. I n his opi?
_&?
could be caused by shav­
ing, with the exception of one mark on
the lower part of the neck. T h i s was a
depression in precentic form, but there
was no abrasion at the bottom of it which
h e would expected to find if the deceased
had been grasped by the neck. H e could
not say whether the marks were caused
before or after death, but while M r . Ashe
j was under his care h e never saw any cuts
j on his face or bruises on his throat.
f ^L »
- n d did h e ever complain
t o v o n of anyone kicking or bruising him ?
—ne made no complaint whatever.
t« rt
T ' v V e r e there any prisoners
™°™
you were feeding M r .
* * / Prisoner is never
fed in the presence of another.
fflZM
PUNISHMENT RECORDS.
m
n ,
m
H
a
r
k
n n a
s
A
r t
T
C o r o n e r
1
m
a
y
a
!
How are you to know that a prisoner
is under punishment unless there is a re­
cord showing the punishment ?—It would
be reported to me on special docket.
Show me the special docket. I did not
know of this on Saturday week when we
called for a l l records.
Before I look at
«.
l l y«u tell me why the contents of
this docekt were not entered in the punish­
ment book?—I have nothing whatever to
do with that.
The punishment book is dated 17th Sept. i
I hereby certify t h a t I have examined
Prisoner 873 (Thos. Ashe), and find h i m
fit f o r close confinement, f i t f o r scale
punishment No. 1 and No. 2. Also depri­
vation of mattress, f i t f o r r e s t r a i n t in
handcuffs, waist belt, muffs, restraint
jacket or jacket in splints.—R. Dowdall,
Medical Officer?
w i
0 n
e
1
7
t
h
S e p t
7
n
h a < 1
n
o
i_
&
* °
knowledge
that Thomas Ashe was sentenced to be
deprived of his bed and bedding?—No.
And i n fact he was not?—No.
And it was not under the record that he
was deprived of his bed and bedding?—I
cannot tell you what the reason may havo
been.
The dates speak for themselves—he was
not deprived on the 19th Sept.?—No, I
believe not.
Was fie in separate confinement on the
17th September?—No.
You were bound to visit him every day
when he was deprived of his bedding?—
He was not in a punishment" cell, nor was
he under special discipline, and I was not
obliged to visit h i m unless he directed my
attention.
Can a man be deprived of bed and bed­
ding without trial or sentence?—No. I
assume not.
TRIAL A N D SENTENCE.
L e t me read the rule for you—Kule 32:
" He shall not be deprived of mattress for
the rest of his sentence after the first 14
days except as a punishment. The punish­
ment can only be inflicted as the result of
trial and sentence." I f the doctor b a s got
no record of that sentence on a prisoner to
sro upon, you say h.
not obliged to visit
him?—Unless the prisoner complains.
e
The doctor has no means of knowing, ex­
cept by hearsay, of punishment upon a
prisoner except by the Governor's book?—
Except he complains to me.
"
You cannot know, except from the GoJ vernor's book, of a sentence on a prisoner?
j —No, except in that way.
I Therefore, the result of not entering in
that book is that it inflicts an illegal sen­
tence upon him by d priving him of the
medical officer's assistance?—I don't see.
that. I f the man has any complaint to
make he puts his name down for the
mo lical officer.
You are bound to visit a prisoner suffer­
ing from punishment?—He was not i n a
punishment cell.
You cannot punish a man unless, in a
punishment cell, although you fake his
bed and b'-dding away. I> it a punishment
to do that ?—It may bo, yes.
Looking an «nu> in. LU*> ( i o v e u m r * book
!
that the prisoner is under punishment, can
ycu have any. official knowledge of that
punishment ?—No.
Then the result of the non-entry of a
punishment in the Gove^nor'8^4>ook is not
only to inflict a punishment beyond the
prison rules but to deprive the prisoner
under punishment of the service and daily
visits of the doctor?—I think that is for
the Governor to reply to.
Do you know in fact that the sentences
of the deprivation of bed and bedding
and boots h a d been inflicted on Mr. Thos.
Ashe?—1 did not.
Therefore, the prisoner lost the advan«
tage of your visit once a day or oftener?—
He was not visited by me.
And I take it, doctor, that you would
not have been a party to keeping a man
without bed or bedding, without seating
accommodation, without boots for 50 hours
before administering forcible feeding to
him?—Certainly not, under the conditions.
Mr. Healy—I think that answer is to
your credit.
Witness—Under the condition of hunger,
strike.
You would not?—No.
A U S T I N STACK'S C O M P L A I N T .
When was it first brought to your know­
ledge that this cruelty had been inflicted
on Mr. Ashe?—I was aware that there had
been an outbreak on Thurs. I heard of
the cells being broken up. I visited the
deceased and all the other Defence of the
Rtalin Act prisoners the following morn­
ing ( F r i . j
The cells were empty. No com­
plaint was made by any of the prisoners.
I visited them again on Sat. and a com­
plaint was made.
By whom?—By one of the prisoners
named Adstin Stack.
He will be one of the gentlemen we will
call, and I will apply for a summons for
him
There was a complaint by Austin
Stack to what effect?—That he had been
deprived of his bed. He did not say he had
been deprived of his boots. I made an
order that the beds should be restored in
all cases.
How did the complaint of one prisoner
impress on your mind that 39 had been
similarly kr«a+ed ?—I expect I went round
and ask»4
" SCAPEGOAT!"
On M r . Hanna directing attention to
D r . Dowdall's direct evidence, M r . Healy
observed, " M r . Hanna wants to make a
scapegoat of you. doctor."
" I , do not
want to make a scapegoat of him, re­
torted Mr. H a n n a , " but I knpw whom
you want to make a scapegoat of—Mr.
Max Green." Mr. Healy denied this, anct
said he intended to push it to a higher
authority than M r . Max Green. .
rhat
observation," continued counsel,
should
not have been made. I have not said one
word about Mr. Max Green except as it
arose. I made no reflection on the gentle­
man as yet. I will give him an opportunitv of exonerating himself, which, 1
understand, he will do, and throw the
blame on others. T h a t may interest you.
Mr. Healy (to witness)—Mr. H a n n a now
wants to make you a scapegoat.
Witness—I should not think so.
Mr. Healy—Perhaps you do not appre­
ciate legal observations as keenly as I do.
Tell the Coroner and jury exactly the posi­
t i o n yon wish to take up—either that you
knew on the T h u r s . and the F r i . and the
Sat. that the prisoners were being deprived
of bed-and bedding and boots, or that you
did not know.
. . .
*n
Witness replied he did not know until
Saturday.
These 40 men were having a severe pun­
ishment applied to them without the know­
ledge of the medical officer of the prison?
—Yes, I think so.
. .
M r . Healy was proceeding to read an
entry relating to the prisoners generally,
when M r . Hanna objected, and said that
the condition of another prisoner was not
relevant to the case they were inquiring
into. M r . Healy was now trying to get in
by an ingenious artifice the condition ot
the other prisoners.
HUNGER STRIKE EFFECT.
T h e Coroner allowed the question, and
Mr. Healy read the following entry—
" My attention waa called this morn- '
ing to Prisoner
, who has been |
hunger-striking since Thurs. 20th, on
which dav he
r»kpn n*\th«r d i n j g j
?
9
I
rior supper. This man appeared enable j
to apeak; M« heart was weak and ex­
tremities cold. I admitted him to hos­
pital, and administered by tube one pint
of warm milk and one ounce of brandy.
The ohaplaln's attention wag called to
I him. Seventeen prisoners artificially fed;
fourteen aa well as I understand, not yet
I fed.
Another prisoner who has been
hanger-etriking was admitted to hospital
In an exhausted state about 12 noon. I
considered it necessary to feed him at
once artificially."
Arising out of this entry, M r Healr asked
witness was it only when that state of
things had arisen aa regards two prisoners
that their bods were ordered to be returned
to them. The witness answered that these
two prisoners were in hospital.
Mr. Healy—The order of your entry is
this: that these two prisoners had practi­
cally collapsed, and that as a consequence
the beds were to be restored to the rest P T
The beds were restored to the rest on a
direct complaint.
Two prisoners had neen sent to hospital,
and. therefore, they would get their bed
and bedding in the hospital P—Yea.
You have pot undorneath that entry—
" A l l the prisoners on hunger-strike are to
be given their bedding." That entry had
no reference whatever to the other.
But until these two prisoners had shown
signs of collapse was any attempt made to
he other prisoners back their beds?—
T am tot suro that the beds may not have
been ordered before I saw those prisoners.
I made the order on Sat., and the reason
I made the order was that I had a com- j
plaint from one of the prisoners that he
had not a bed.
f
STARVATION.
At all events, you knew on Sat. that the
re MI It of these men being left i n that con­
dition waa that one of them was unable to
speak, his heart was weak, his extremities
cold, and bo had to be admitted to hospital
and given brandy?—Yes, aa a result of
starvation.
4
And not of being subjected to coldP—
T h a t comes from starvation.
Do you say that if you deprive a man of
bed and bedding, compel him to stand or
lie on the cold floor for 48 or 50 hours, that
that does not tend to lower his constitu­
tion P—It tends to lower the constitution.
Aa regards the cold, the temperature in the
cells is shown by a thermograph. I t was 61
on Thursday and 62.5 on Friday. That was
the highest and the lowest temperature
during the 48 hours.
Give me the temperature at 2 o'clock in
the morning?—That will be shown in the
paperAnd the heating in the hospital did not
commence for a week after these events.
T h e muients in the hosoital have bed a n d
ding?—I don't think there is any compari­
son between hospital patients and those
confined in a prison.
Ppftv. Hanna pointed out that there waa
no heating. This was the natural heat.
Mr. Healy—Is not this thermograph of a
word in which the prisoners were not kept?
j —They would be all alike as regards heat.
Therefore, we are given a fictitious ther­
mograph of a ward In which the prisoners
were not kept—you can keep that.
What killed Thos. Ashe?—A weak heart
primarily, and starvation.
Witness waa not prepared to say what
^fteci the temperature might have h a d ;
want of sleep wuuld be an effect to some
such that he had to guarantee his dis­
charge to induce him to take food.
DR E . F L I N N ' S V I S I T S .
M r . Healy read entries by witness on the
F r i . and Sat. recommending artificial feed­
ing.
Dr. Edgar ITinn, of the Prisons
Board, vjpjted the prison on Tues. evening,
said witness.
I suggest to yotr that he was there no
l e v than four times at the period covered
bv these two entries?—That may he.
T may be right?—Far a l l I know to the
.tense oi
feed these prisoners P—Aa a matter
no prisoner waa foroibly fed.
To delicately feed these prisoners—would
ou prefer that?—No, I prefer " artificial
eeding."
To use another word, " mechanical," do
you accept that?—Yes.
Do you know of the existence of a writ­
ten authority for the forcible or mechani­
cal feeding of these prisoners P—I under­
stand it is my duty where a man is i n ­
juring his health to preserve his life,
which can only be done by artificial feed­
ing.
Counsel repeated the question, and wit*
neas replied. " No."
" T h a t ia a very faint no," said Mr.
Healy, and witness replied " I really
don't know; to the best of my knowledge,
no."
Do you know of the existence of an
official order prescribing mechanical or
forcible feeding for these prisoners P—I do
not.
Did you never hear of i t ? — I cannot ear.
I suppose you are near your pension P
(laughter)—One of these days.
RESPONSIBILITY.
Are you going to take on your shoulders
and relieve the Prisons Board and the
other authorities who will later come into
the limelight—do you take on your shoul­
ders bhe responsibility of prescribing with­
out oonsultation with the Prisons Board
or other authority the forcible feeding
which resulted in the death of Thomas
AsheP—I may say I understand it is my
duty not bo forcibly feed, but to mechanX< cally feed them.
Do you tell the jury on your oath that
I you are unaware of the existence of any
other minute, order, preacription, or .direc­
tion coming to you from- >a superior au­
thority?—I recollect one minute, that in
the case of two particular prisoners they
were not to be fed.
'Therefore all the rest wereP—Certainly;
I should think so.
Witness said the minute referred to al<
luded to the prisoners Barry and Griffey.,
and directed that these men should not h i
fed until he had sent in a report. H«
could not say why they were not to be fed
Mr. Healy said a gentleman sitting on
the side of the Court allotted to the
prison authorities was signallinir to wit­
ness, and M r . H a n n a asked the gentleman
to desist.
" A GENTLE ZEPHYR.'
I f forcible feeding is such a gentle zephyr
oiieration, why were these two men not to
bo forcibly fed?—Possibly because in their
state of health it would be well to defer
it until I reported on them.
Did you report?—I do not think 1 had
time to report.
What happened then P—They, were both
released in the end.
You were to feed other men'to keep them
aliveP—I was bound to feed them.
Witness did not recollect whose signature
was to the document relating to B a r n
I and Griffey, but Dr. F l i n n initialled it
Asked whether one member o f the Prison
Board had authority to act -for all, wit
ness said he had nothing to -de with th
Beard in that way.
Yon gave it a* your evidence that hi
died of starvation P—I gave it in my opinio!
as heart failure.
Y o u don't use the word starvation P—f
read it waa accentuated by hunger ant
excitement.
"Dtr M'Weeney did not state that he die<
oi starvation P—He said that he died ot
I heart' failure.
Mr. Hanna stated that there was an out
break of pandemonium on T h u r t . , 20th
Sept., for which they were punished bj
the Governor?—Legal speeches don't i m
press me. I am only an ordinary medical
j man.
J M r . Healy—Nothing hut forcible feedini
would impress you.
I s it not a fact that the punishment pre
ceded the alleged pandemonium, and th«
alleged pandemonium was a protest against
the punishment?—I don t know anything
about it.
Do yon know that the hunger-strike was
against the alleged punishment P— I have
nothing- to do with that.
Would you be surprised to learn that
the prisoners were under punishment from
F r i . , Sept. 14?—I really don't know any»
thing about the punishment.
r
?
A
:
I f these men were punished on Sat.,
Sept. 15, deprived of exercise, put in punLshment cells—should not that, according
to the prison rules, be reported to you?—I
should have received a punishment docket.
Did you receive i t ? — I cannot say. Y o u
shall have it if I did.
i C a n you produce the punishment docket
ou received on Sept. 15 for Thos. AsheP—
don't know anything about that punish>
ment docket.
^
MUFFLED BELLS.
Witness added that he did not know on,
Mon., Sept. 17, that Ashe and the other
prisoners were not brought out to work,
and were left in their cells.
I f a man
were punished he (Dr. Dowdall) should get
a docket. He did not know that on Sept.
19. Mr. Ashe was suffering from depriva­
tion as a punishment.
Do you know that when the supposed
pandemonium broke out, it was a protest
against the deprivation of exercise — I saw
Mr. Ashe that day, but he did not com­
plain to me.
Do you know that the men could not
ring the bells, as the warders had muffled
them?—I don't know anything about it.
And that as a protest, and in order to
get air, that they broke the glass in the
cells?—I don't know anything about it.
T h a t they only broke the glass after
being deprived of bed, bedding and boots,
illegally and without a written order?—I
don't know. I t is the Governor who w i l l
tell you about these things.
Witness further stated that if the jury
visited Mountjoy they would see the broken
glass and the broken woodwork.""
Mr. Healy—Do you know that the hunger
strike started after the bedding had been
removed?—I did not know what was the
cause of it, but I heard it had staTted.
PRISONS BOARD I N S T R U C T I O N S .
Do you think if the ^ governor, or
Deputy-Governor, dared «te-£ seteasiae the
prison rules, were they acting under the
superior instructions ot the Prisons Board P
— 1 cannot say.
'Xv
Do you know if he was acting und?r the
instructions of the Prisons-Board ?—I can­
not saf»'•*•"''
' *
- *v
W i t n e s s * said he discussed thd. hunger
strike with D r . Edgar F l i n n . He remem­
bered when Sir T . Myles and the late
Sir C . Nixon visited the prison on the
occasion the suffragettes were there, but
be did not know what report they made.
The ladies were «oon -afterwards disn
charged
. . „,
_ ,
" I put it to you," said M r . J J e a l y
" t h a t you discussed with the^-Pnsond
Board the policy of subjecting these Realm
Act prisoners to forcible feeding P—" I did
not, was the reply.
They discussed it with youP^No.
Do yon swear that you acted, after tiheadvice of S i r T . Myles and Sir C . Nixon,
on your own responsibility in administer­
ing forcible feeding to A s i f ^ a r M ' T b e 6ther
prisoners?—I did not forcibly feed them.
I administered feeding—artificial feeding—
to Ashe on one occasion, and I am bound
to do it.
,
'
tefc..
Do you swear that it was on your own
sole responsibility, and without -the. in­
tervention of any superior authority, that
von administered the k i n d . o f feeding on
.Mr. Ask* which ended in his death?—
T do. but I don't say, nor do I attribute
his death to artificial feeding.
THROAT REMEDIES.
Witness added that he was not aware
ihat Mr. Ashe brought throat remedies
mt" the prison.
]
W§¥Mr. Healy produced three email boxes of
t h n a t remedies which, he stated. ;Mj4
Ashe's sister ha4 received from the prison
after he died.
Witness said that if they were brought
into the prison they should have been sent
to him for approval. He had examined
Mr. Ashe's throat and found -it all n f b t .
Mr. Healy—He didn't think s-> himself.
Witness said it was he, and not the
Prisons Board, who engaged D r . Lowe.
When you told me there was no such
thing as forcible feeding, am I riflhfjln
saying that in one case it took several
men to hold the prisoner in the
cha\tfrr
You are perfectly right, but he we* net
fed.
i
Am I right in saying that in awtthar
case, that of Griffey, his resistance
so violent that the leather strap*he was
wearing was b u n t asunder ?—I 4*M net
aware of any strap being burst,.
If the prisoner has sufficient strength
i to resist, his resistance prevails ajjaintf
f
>
}
N
I
i I f ftm> prisoner has sufficient strength to
res i s - h i s d i s t a n c e prevai s ^ i n s t the
doctor P - I f the prisoner resisted I call it
foreible feeding.
1 did not proceed with
rhefwdin^
»
*
* °
V % e h n a f Mfficieat strength to resist
he is net forcibly fed but if he is near
exhaustion 8f*id cannot resist he is fed?—
[We do "ot allow him to become e x h ^ t o d .
f t h
d
s
k
W
U
l
l a
W
a
d
v
i
s
e
h
i
m
n
o
t
He Is in your power because you
tan stop his salary if he does not
obey you.
fl rtlier
8 8 1 ( 1
fe^ i
fl"* <*><mael for the
S fcTf « i i
deprive the witness
tins
™rw'
» - J am not counsel for the
Thf'r
^.
?
authorities.
J ? l L o r o n e r , interposing said that the
H«J
* bound, fc answer ques­
tions which might incriminate himself.
*?l
. having
S
^on had now directed their witR P I L ? # ? u ^ f Questions for fear of
SuM ™?
^ a W - F o r his part he
e^aSination? ^ ^
« ~ *
asked S ^ i S
d
- but afterward?
v?if!f v
£
^
declined on the adtionV^iit
fey*
°
^
'
n
o
t
o
b
e
y
h
i
s
i n s t l
H a n n
n
1
&
m
f <
t h e
r i e o 1 1
R 0
I£fJF^MK
t h a f c
d
t
h
e
C
r
o
w
n
a
a
6
f
1 1
e
0
0
t h
n
6
o w n
8
0
l t
e 8
a
d
a
D
S
W
t
e
e
r
f
r
d i d
t
h
e
r
e
8
ft
thS he n^™ , £
£
» nd ^ d e d
tent to « J ? ^ J ? A
'
s compe­
tent to conduct the examination.
stood t h A ^ V
H to be nnder"IwmVfid - n f i ? ! 5 a
not be anXlevant
e
M
r
h
e
i
n
g
n
a
h
e
t w
L
T
s
H
,
n
n
a
w a
d
w
C
o
r
C
a
M
o
o
u
n
e
M
r
n
l
e
j t
d
t
i
h
e
m
n
w a ^ l x & V ? i v
^ ^
tbat
to i m Z v l l ' L * ^ he would not be bound
nirn?el7
n s that might incriminate
7
8
q i l 6 s t , o
8
B
a
r
d
S6CT
o
a
f
u
t
e
r
ke
d
t
1
y
a
J
a
U l d
crblv f ! 2 , C °
approve of forforVi
*
eping him
tor oO hours under conditions which I
have described?-!, would not*
^ Would you forcibly leed a ma* who
was speechless, whose heart JrATweak
and.extremities cold?
^
^
« « " ,an7 oircum-
B
Replying to a question as to whether h a
d, witness said that he was not
forcibly fed when he vomited the food.
sdy—You are dealing now with a
ipose one life is of no importance?
nna—That is not fair.
ialy (to witness)—You not only
"riffey, but yo" fed him through
Was he when bleeding from the
loved to a punishment cell without
art or bedding?
Mr. .Manna—I make a legal objection.
This inquiry must be kept within the
'limits*5r Mr. Ashe's case.
, Mr. Healy—He said that no one was
forcibly, fed, and that M r . Ashe did not
die. of forcible feeding. (To witness)—Mr*
Asho's*lips
GOT B L U E I M M E D I A T E L Y
after this, which was not forcible feeding?
—Yes.
Take., the case of Griffey, was he, after
this admitted insertion into his nose, was
he taken and put into a cell without bed
or bedding or furniture?—I cannot tell
you,
Replying to detailed questions as to the
nature of the cells, witness said they had
no punishment cells, but they had refrae*
tory cells
Mr. Healy—So that we might know these"
distinctions, have you a prison dictionary?
(Laughter.)
I n reply to other questions, witness said!
he was no taware that Griffey was under
punishment.
i Mr. Hanna, commenting on questions
such as those being put by M r . Heaiy, said
he would have to take up a position as to
whether the witnesses should not answer
questions except those dealing with Ashe.
• M r . Healy submitted the evidence as to
prisoners being forcibly fed and then put
back to cells such as he had described was
relevant to the question relating to M r .
i\l /V .
he put to the jury was that
3lr. tmffey was subjected to
CRUEL P U N I S H M E N T .
witness—Did you apply forcible feedto Griffey s nose when you could not
the tube down his throat?
Mr H e a l y t T
*° answer.
h
said, " The charge is correct."
d
Mr. H a n n a ' s Reply l o Mr.
Healy
W
o f f i
r s o n
"THAT I S N O T F A I R "
h e
I 1 H J d K i l 1
b < l „ ^ "pl '
w of Mary.
H in)!
?
' , examined by Mr
•Hanna. said forcible feeding had, to his
faxowledge/heeu carried on without a i v
Douglas?
°
***y
named
The answer of the witness was " S . H >
t
1
!
b a ^ p r o d u c e d certain books and
n cords relating to Mr. Afehe, and he
, 0
a S k
f
r t
h
e
p
S o r e r i whose
>,
°
S S tbeen
S Smenof
prisoners
names
had
tio >eW-T,amely, Austin Stack F i n i a n
Lynch, Mr MacDonagh, and M r L o w *
These four men v c u l d be able to con
trader, much of the evidence th ° Had !
**en given. Further, if "\fr Max Green
was anxious to preve that he had no i
responsibility for forcible f e e d i n f a J d
was anxious f
. . / v r , & , °.
had no difheultf.
'
^
Mr. Hauutt d he did not appear for
Mr. Douglas nor a n - of the nersnni
mentioned by Mr. Hoaly.
P* *>n*
Mr. Heaiy said he wanted Mr. Doug.
;
1
0
he
a i ) D e a i
P
6
(
M
f
R
e
a
l
a i t i
r
I
las to produce the records of the Prison
^oafd before the death of Mr. Ashe.
I h e Coroner said he would direct tha
appearance of M r Stack, as he had mai 5
specihe complaints.
Mr. Healy further said that none of
the prisoners ought to be removed
S S i i d
lr
0
^
lc
u
0
ir
7
u
a
t
i
l
t
M
s
*****
w
a
s
w
nt on , , l , y a s then adjourned till
o clock on TVednesday.
Mr. John Boland, Deputy Governor of
Mountjoy Prison, was the first witness ex­
amined.
He stated that he had held his
preseut position since the middle of March
last.
Previous to that he was Governor of
Tullamore Prison for about five or six years.
He had had about 33 years in the prison ser­
vice. During the time that the deceased was
in Mountjoy Prison Mr. Monroe, the Gover­
nor, was absent on leave.
Mr. Monroe went
on leave on the 20th A g t , and returned
on the morning that Ashe died.
Witness
was in control during that time as Acting
Governor. Ashe was committed first o the
29th August to await trial, he was tried on
the 3rd September, and sentenced on the
10th to two years hard labour with one year
remitted.
u
u g
n
Not a Criminal.
Witness read the warrant under which the
deceased was committed.
On deceased's
own request he was brought before witness,
and his application, » note of which was
taken at the time in deceased's own presence,
was
I won't work or obey any order or rule
relating to criminal prisoners.
I do not
consider myself a criminal.
'* I informed the prisoner," continued the
witness, " that I noted his applications, but
warned, him against disobeying the regula­
tions."
Mr. Hanrta—What was the work he was re­
quired to do? Making mail bags.
And is the work done in his cell or in a
workshop ? Done in his cell by him.
While in Mountjoy he did not work ? No.
Proceeding, witness said Ashe was before
him again on the 13th September, and he
again warned deceased of continuing to dis­
obey the prison regulations and against idle­
ness.
He said he would not work.
Did you communicate to him the conse­
quences of not obeying the prison regulations?
Yes, and he said he would persist in disobey­
ing the regulations.
U p till that time he had obeyed none of the
regulations of the prison authorities ?
No.
And although that had been his conduct no
punishment was inflicted on him ?
Not up
till then.
On the 17th, continued witness, he
was brought before me on a report for retming to work i n his asjsV ^ h a n I informed
t
First Punishment.
Did you make an order depriving him of
hia instruction books for seven days ? Y e s , '
and forfeit marks for days he refused to work.
Up to that the tinh> had
eaten the ordi­
nary prison diet ? Yes.
And had made no complaint about the food ? .
No.
What exercise did he get?
He got two
hours open-air exercise eVery day.
Whalf was his conduct during the open-air
exercise ? I would regard it a s very insubordi
nate, inasmuch as he persistently disobeyed
the directions of the officers who were in
charge to cease talking. He was continually
talking, and would refuse to obey the orders
of the Warders, who told him to cease talk
ing.
On Thursday, the 20th September, did any­
thing particular happen ? Yes. What was it ?
Between 9.30 and 9.45 a.m. I was engaged in
the office dealing with the morning correspon­
dence.* when the Chief W arder reported to
me that, there was a great row going on in
the prison.
Mr. Healy—Give the name of the Chief
Warder.
Chief Warder Ryan.
Mr. Hanna—In what part of the prison
was the row going on ? I n the division known
as the " C " division, in which Ashe was.
General Tumult.
What was the nature of the disturbance
that commenced at 9 o'clock that morning ?
When I left the office, I went inside the prison.
There was a regular uproar in i t ; shqnting,
yelling, hanging the cell doors, and the break
ing of prison furniture.
Mr. Healy—I wish now to call the attention
of the,Coroner to his evidence of a general
tumult, not merely of the prisoner Ashe. I
don't object to it, but I hope that I shall be
allowed to call prisoners to give absolute
denial of every statement that he has made.
The Coroner directed that the witness
should confine himself to Mr. Ashe. Did
Mr. Ashe take part, in it ? Yes.
Coroner—Then confine yourself to him
Mr. Hanna—At what" time of the day did
you take steps to prevent this outbreak?
Immediately. I saw that the situation was
very serious.
How many other prisoners were in Mount­
joy ?
•I
Coroner^—1 will ask you to confine .yourself
to Mr. Ashe; otherwise we will be starting
a roving commission.
Mr. Healy—I will not object, because I
will be able to give an absolute denial to his
statement by the evidence of the other
prisoners.
Mr. Hanna—You will not.
Mr. Healy—I will be able to prove that
every word of his statement is false.
Mr. Hanna—You will be able to get them
to swear it.
y
Mr. Healy—And they will be believed by
the Irish people.
There was loud applause in the court
following this remark.
Coroner's Warning.
Coroner—I wish t o warn the people in the
court that if there, is any interference with
this inquiry—it is a thing I don't want to
do—but I will have the court cleared.
Mr. Hanna—Of course this is for the pur
pose of influencing'the jury.
Coroner—Please g o on.
Mr. Healy (to Mr. Hanna)—You have in
fluenced the jury at the start.
Mr. Hanna—You had things removed
from Ashe's cell, amongst others?
Every
article that was in his cell—utensils, bed­
ding, and plank-bed.
With reference to his boots, what was the
position with regard to them?
H i s boots
were also removed, and he was given slip­
pers instead.
,
Mr. Healy—That is false.
Mr. Hanna—I ha$© protested against this
already. I have stood what no member of
t!» Bar would stand during this inquiry. You
have maligned every, witness where you pos­
sibly could. I say it is a disgrace to the
£jp
T
i K a r that you can't allow me to conduct the
J e s s e . . J ain sorry to have to say that to one
»!whnm4 always f>gh|«ed as a, friend.
-« JVIr. Healy—I make no retort to nry friend.
Mr. Ashe's Part.
. Witness added that Mr. Ashe did not take
| as great a part in the disturbance, or did as
{much damage to the prison property as the
other prisoners.
j Mr. Hanna—What kind of slippers was he
|given? They were canvas slippers.
| Were these in his cell when the Lord
Mayor visited him on Saturday? He had
them, but they were not on his feet (lauirhter).
°
Did you draw the Lord Mayor's attention
to them ? Yes, they were left in the corner
of his cell.
Witness further .aid that he took the steps
he had described to preserve authority and
protect the Government property.
Mr. Ashe
made no complaint afterwards.
Yon heard the suggestion on the cross-ex­
amination of Dr. Dowdall that the hunger
strike on the part of Ashe started subsequent
to that as a protest against the removal of the
furniture ? All was conincident. They started
j the row immediately after breakfast and took
I no food afterwards ?nd the two things went
together.
Mr Ashe made no statement to
witness as to why he started to hunger strike
nor did he complain to witness of being de­
prived of bed clothing or of being cold at
night, although he saw Mr. Ashe every day.
Did he make a complaint of your treatment
or of the treatment of the warders ? No.
You had nothing to say to the actual opera
tion of artificial feedins:? No.
That was left to the doctor ? Ye*.
:
CROSS EXAMINATION
Confidential Report to
the Prisons Board
.
PRIVILEGE
CLAIMED
Replying to questions pot by Mr. Healy in
cross-examination, witness said be regarded
the state of things on the Thursday as ex­
tremely serious.
Did you report the fact to the Prisons
Board ? Yes, I made a confidential report to
my authorities.
"Confidential," repeated
Mr.
Healy
at which there was some laughter.
Mr. Hanna—I protest against this titter
rng and laughter.
1
Mr. Healy retorted that Mr. Hanna was
"peaking for tha **Irish Times."
Mr. Hanna protested that that was not
so. He had already stated for whom he was
appearing and speaking.
Mr. Healy—It was he and his friends who
killed the man, and I am trying to find out
how he wan killed. (To witness)—Have you
goo your letter of report to the Prisons
Board ? No.
Give us the effect of it ? I t was confiden­
tial
Mr. Hanna—I object to an answer being
given as to the communication.
Mr. Douglas, a Prison Board official, who
was in court, being referred to, said he would,
produce it.
Mr. Wynne (Chief Crown Solicitor)—1
appear for them, and at the proper time 1
will take a certain course.
Claim of Privilege.
Mr. Healy—You intend to claim prutfe*
lege ?
Mr. W ynne—That is quite so.
The Coroner ruled thai the contents of tho
communication could not be given by this
particular witness
Beplying to further cross-examination,
witness said he got a reply to his communi­
cation, but he could • not exactly givs the
date. He got no written renly.
Mr. Heal}-—Wat is a tSephonic reply—is
r
Witness—I don't say that for a moment.
I got a reply from the heads of my depart­
ment.
, ,
Mr. Wynne objected to this cross-examina­
tion.
Mr. Healy—Had you a conversation with
Dr. Fdgar Flinn, who has since resigned ?
Mr. Wynne—I object to any conversation
between the W^jtess and the head of his de­
partment. S a c h ' ommunications are privi­
leged,
f
'
J *'
Coroner—Do $ou claim privilege?
Mr. Wynne--Yes.
The Cororte*--! allow it.
If a Landlord was K i l l e d ]
Mr. Healy remarked that it was only a
question of a date. It a landlord was killed
would tho ruling prevail that the date was
privilegedfr,'
The Coroner said he had ruled that the
'communication in question wa_>privileged.
Mr. Healy said then that he would ask the
jury to draw the conclusion that Dr. Edgar
Flinn was one of those who investigated the
proceedings.
(To witness)—Had you a con­
versation with Mr. Max Green ?
Mr. Wynne—I object.
Mr. Healy pressed for some authority to
show- that it was a breach of privilege for the
witness to say that he had a conversation
with a superior.
M*. Wynne submitted that the communica­
tion was absolutely privileged.
Mr. H e a l y said he was merely asking
for the date of a conversation.
The Coroner held to his ruling in favour
of the question of privilege.
Mr. Healy proceeded to cross-examine the
witness as to where the conversation took
place, and again Dr. Wynne objected, and
the objection was ruled in his favour.
Mr. Healy—I will have to laugh if this
thing goes on further, and then I will be
checked i y Mr. Hanna.
Mr. ihnina—You may laugh.
Again Mr Healy asked the witness where
the conversation took place, and again Dr.
Wynne objected.
Mr. Healy—Without the citation of a
single authority.
To Witness—You had a
conversation with Mr. Max Green up in a
balloon (laughter)—you may take it like that
—up in an aeroplane? ,
Witness—I had not, sir.
Mr. Healy—Had the conversation any rela
tion to the treatment of the priosners?
Mr. Wynne objected, and the Coroner ruled
in hi* favour.
,
The Policeman's Phrase.
Mr. Healy said he would put it in the man
ner in which the police did—In consequence
of information you received, did you proceed
back to Mountjoy Prison ? Not in consequence
of information I received. I would come back
whether 1 got inforiualion or not.
When did you reach Mountjoy Prison after
the conversation ? Sometime in the afternoon.
Mr. Healy—Of Thursday?
Mr. Wynne objected to anything being said
in respect of tho confidential conversations.
Mr. Healy, protesting, said he had sat down
20 times in the course of 20 minutes; he asked
him now did he reach his prison oh Thurs
day.
He (Mr. Healy) protested against
wh.it he termed foolish interruptions.
Mr. Wynne protested against Mr. Healy's
suggestion—there was no foolish interrup­
tions, i
M r . ' H e a l y (to Witness)—Did you reach
your prison in safety on Thursday ?
Yes.
When he reached there he carried on the ordi­
nary routine work of his office.
Is it part of your routine work to remove
bed, bedding, and boots of the prisoners ? I t
may be my duty to give directions in the
matter.
Did you do so ? Yes. early on the day when
the pandemonium ar se.
Your case is that you had removed the bed,
bedding, and boots of the prisoners before
you had the conversation referred to?
I
•gave instructions for their removal early in
the day.
Before you, had the conversation? Yes.
Protecting the Property of the Prison.
Therefore you had no authority except
your own for the action which you took ? I
had the authority that was vested in me to
protect the property of the prison from the
consequences of their misconduct, and also to
protect the prison officers in case of any
violenec used
Mr. Healy—By machine guns (langhter).
Witness—There were no machine guns.
Do you know that the prisoners maintain
that until the removal of their beds, bedding
and
boots
there
was
no
disturb­
ance
whatever . . . i n
the
prison?
That
gave cause for the removal of the bed and
bedding.
Continuing, witness said there was a great
deal
of
glass
broken, , and
it
was
the breaking of the glass which was the
cause of the removal of the bed and bedding.
A question having arisen as to the exact
nature of witness's reply, he added—The
breaking of the glass was one of the causes
which led to the removal of the bed, bedding
and other furniture.
On your oath, was there any glass broken
in Mr. Ashe's cell until Saturday? Very
little, except that in the cell door—the spy­
hole.
No glass then was broken in Mr. Ashe's
cell except the spy-hole, about the size of a
watch-glass ? Yes.
And that was pot broken until after the
furniture was removed ? I cannot exactly
say.
Then, in so far as the man whose death
we are considering, you cannot say if glass
was broken in his cell prior to the depriva­
tion of his bed, bedding and boots—can ydn ?
No; he was reported to me as one of those
oem . d in creajrtng 4he •jwwidemoniuiT:.
Who reported to you that Mr. Ashe was
engaged in creating pandemonium? There
was no report made to me of the conduct of
any individual. .
No report was made to you of Mr. A.'he's
condnct? Not individually.
No report having been made against Mr.
Ashe, what do you pretend to the jury that
Mr. Ashe did before his bed and boots were
removed ? I pretend he was creating a dis­
turbance in the prison by shouting and yell­
ing with others.
" A Great Noise."
Did you hear him ? Nothing more than to
hear the din that was going on in the prison
—a great noise.
Ljke a hive of bees? (Laughter.) No, it
was not.
Ashe's offence, then, was that there was
a din ? His offence was that he was creating
a disturbance in the prison by shouting.
The Foreman—Was it from information
| that you received from others that you acted ?
j Yes.
Not on what you saw ? Not what I saw
j individually.
Mr. Healy—Or heard ? I heard a great
, noise when I was there. I did not hear any­
thing particular from Thos. Ashe. I was not
beside the cell to hear him
I t results from that that a certain state of
things arose under the prison rules ? Yes.
You had neither heard Thos. Ashe do
anything or say anything; he had broken
nothing, he had spoken nothing in your pre­
sence on thi< day—what did you do when
Warder Ryan reported to you something
about Mr. Ashe? He didn't report anything
special about Mr. Ashe.
Therefore pn that Thursday morning, as
regards the "murdered man, there, was no­
thing against Thomas Ashe to entitle you
without trial .to punish him ? Yes, he was
engaged creating a disturbance in the prison.
You bad not seen it ?
I knew it from
Warder Ryan, f
'
Knew what Ashe was Prepared to Do.
What I n \Varder Ryan report to you
against Mr. Ashe? I t was said to me that all
the prisoners undergoing sentence under the
Defence of the Realm Act were creating a
disturbance in the prison, and I went to the
prison from my office to see what was going
on. F r o m niv nfrttvir.na knowledge of Thomas
p
Ashe, h- kl^^wliat n WaS^epaKd to Bo,
and what he "had already done.
He had
already told me he would defy a l l rules and
regulations.
When it was reported to me
that the prisoners under the Defence of the
Realm A c t « M » breaking the prison rules
and creating a disturbance, I made no excep­
tion of Thomas Ashe'or any other prisoners.
I knew they were all out l o r fight to defy
the application to them of the prison rules
and regulations.
You axe a great stickler for the preserva­
tion of prison rules and regulations ? W e l l , I
hope so i n the discharge of my duty.
The Deputy-Governor ought t o be far stric­
ter i n the observance of the rules and regula­
tions than the prisoners ? Yes; he has to en­
force the regulations which he could not en­
force on this ofififjon.
Refer me teMpk rule which you are so
anxious to maintain t h a t entitles you t o pu­
nish a prisoner w i t h o u t t r i a l and without
sentence? I never punish a prisoner w i t h o u t
Must the sentence of every pr&oner be re­
corded? Yes. u
JEr
I n w r i t i n g ? After t r i a l .
- j#
And you never p u n i A a prisoner w i t h o u t
trial? No.
±^m''
r
And' the'punishmentmust be such t h a t the
rules prescribe ? Yes.
And any jailer acting contrary to these rules
is a law-breaker and trespasser?
I am not
prepared to go so far as to affirm w h a t you are
saying.
You see the offence is far greater i n the
breaking of a rule on those who-have t o en­
force i t than on those who have t o obey it—is
i t not? Possibly.
You w i l l also admit t h a t the carrying out
of penal punishment is a matter t h a t must
be strictly looked at and adhered to? Yes.
F i n d for me i n the Governor's book the
entry sentencing Thomas Ashe to deprivation
of his bed, his bedding, and his boots, and
the period for which t h a t sentence was to
continue.
There is no entry i n the punish
ment book for that, for the simple reason
that anything t h a t was done on that occasion
was not done as a punishment.
A Precautionary Measure.
I t was done as an indulgence ? N o ; i t was
done as a precautionary measure to save tbs
public property from destruction.
Mr. Healy—Splendid! Gi^e us the pub­
lic property in M r . Ashe's possession—were
his boots public property ? N o , b u t they
could be utilised.
This was done t o save the public property
from
destruction? Yes. They could be
'used for the destruction of public property.
; A n d his hands, too ? Yes, obviously so. j
W h a t d i d you do w i t h his hands ? He !
could use his boots w i t h them for the de­
struction of public property.
D i d you do anything w i t h his hands ?
Not that I am aware of, except that portion
of his cell door must have been broken by his
b a n d s . , , L • 3j
. 'i3f
D i d you do anything with his hands ? N o ,
I d i d not. •
Now, you have t o l d us that you were not
aware of M r . Ashe doing anything u n t i l
Saturday, *^nd tiiis deprivation took place
on Thursday^ Yes.
For how long d i d you sentence Thos. Ashe
to be deprived of his bed, bedding, boots and
mattress?
I did not sentence h i m to deprivation of his bed and mattress.
I t was an indeterminate matter? There
was no sentence on h i m , and i t could not
be indeterminate.
I t m i g h t have continued for ever ? I t con­
tinued u n t i l I was satisfied that the good
order and discipline of the prison could be
maintained.
When you had reduced h i m t o pulp—whc;*
you had made h i m an inanimate object? I
don't believe that.
The Lord Mayor's V i s i t .
We know it continued u n t i l the L o r d
Mayor's visit on the Saturday, and his unpri­
vileged communication to D u b l i n Castle to
the Chief Secretary and M r . M a x Green?
With great respect to t^| Lord Mayor, the
result of giving him his bed and bedding had
nothing to do with the Lord Mayor's visit,
so far as I know.
:
V
Mr. Hanna—Who said his communication
was unprivileged ?
M r . Healy—Would you rule i t to be privi­
lege i f I asked h i m to give the time the Lord
Mayor visited the prison on Saturday?
Coroner—No.
Witness—Before 12 o'clock—I could not
exactly say.
A t what hour were the bed, bedding and
boots restored ? I n the afternoon or evening.
Some time before bedtime.
You had been caught at i t ? I don't under­
stand you.
The Chief Magistrate of the City had come
to the prison, and he had found M r . Ashe i n
a state of collapse, and he reported i t to the
Chief Secretary for Ireland, and the boots
and bedding of the dying man were restored
to him?
I don't t h i n k M r . Ashe was in a
state of collapse when
the L o r d Mayor
visited h i m .
We have had his evidence, and i t w i l l be
more generally accepted, perhaps? Perhaps
so.
W h a t was the state of Thomas Ashe's cell
when the Lord Mayor called ? Everything
was out of the cell at the time, except under­
clothing and his slippers.
Your slippers—the prison slippers ? Yes.
The V i s i t i n g Justices.
Before I ask you any qther question, had
you received instructions that the jurisdie
tion of the V i s i t i n g Justices over the De­
fence of the Realm prisoners d i d not obtain ?
M r . Wynne)—I object.
Mr. Healy—I really beg of my learned
friend,•tfhless he has some authority—I ac­
knowledge I am at his mercy.
Coroner—I allow the question.
Mr. Healy—Did you receive instructions
that as regards the Defence of the Realm
prisoners 'that the jurisdiction of the V i s i t i n g
Justices did not extend to them
No, not so i
far as they, related to the convicted prisoners, l
There are t w o classes of prisoners under the
Defence'OftW? Realm AcT=-the' untried and
the convicted prisoners.
I n answer to further questions by M r .
Healy, witness said the V i s i t i n g Justices had
the same authority and power over convicted
prisoners under the Defence of the Realm A c t
!
and ordinary prisoners, but their jurisdiction
was withdrawn over untried prisoners.
A t what hour on Saturday were M r . Ashe's
bed clothing, bed and boots restored? Some
time i n the afternoon
D i d you hear Dr. Dowdall saying that he
ordered the bed and bed clothing to restored;
is that correct? Yes, I saw that, but apart
from that, the chaplain, Father John Watters,
consulted me, and from representations he
made to me he said that the prisoners would
give a guarantee t h a t they would not destroy
any prison property, and, acting on that, I
interviewed the prisoners, including M r . Ashe,
and M r . Ashe said he would not destroy any
prison property.
W h a t did you say to -Mr. Ashe; he is dead
and cannot contradict you ? I said: " Ashe,
now things are settling down, and 1 am sure
you won't do anything in the way of the de­
struction of your bed and bed-clothes.
Had he injured one thread of the bed or
bedding up to that?
No. nor any of the
others; i t was all out i n time before they were
able to do anything.
Had Ashe "threatened to do anything with
his bed and bedding or boots? N o t t h a t I
am aware.
When did you devise these pretexts for
illegalties? I did not devise any pretexts.
W h a t gave you ground for
apprehen­
sion that these men would deprive them­
selves of bed-clothes at night and lie on the
cold ground ? Their general behaviour.
Grounds for Apprehension.
W h a t gave you ground fo rapprehension
as to M r . Ashe? On the general principle
that he was out for fight to defy the prison
rules and regulations.
A n d was anxious to leave himself without a
bed to he on? That was one of the means
they had of drawing attention to the position
to see t h a t attention would be drawn to
them.
Pressed further, witness said he could not
exactly say what property Ashe had de­
stroyed before.
I f you.*\ere candid would you not answeVV'
"None"? W h a t property had he destroyed
before the bed and bedding were removed ? I *
am not personally aware what property he
had destroyed.
Give me the names of th§ warders who
were i n charge of M r . Ashe ? 1 cannot exactly
give you the names.
How many of a staff have you?
About
fifty.
Can you give the name of any one of the
enormous staff when there were • apprehen­
sions that M r . Ashe would destroy his bed
and bedding, from anything he did i n the
prison before?
Witness repeated t h a t he could not exactly
give names.
How many cases have you known of bed
and bedding of prisoners being removed I
otherwise than as a punishment ?
I have i
never known an occasion to exist in the his­
tory of the prison service equal to the occa­
sion i n Mountjoy on the 20th September.
W i l l you shorten i t to the one w o r d
"never' —you have never known such an oc-;
Jcasion? I have given my answer.
M r . Healy—How many occasions have you
known an entry ordering a prisoner t o be
deprived of his bed and bedding as a punish­
ment? None. I did not order the depriva­
tion of his bed and bedding as a punishment.
You have stated that i n the history of the
Prison Service you had not known of bed
and bedding to be removed as a punishment.
Is that r i g h t ? Yes.
W h a t was the Offence?
I t follows, therefore, t h a t Thomas Ashe
must have committed, to deserve this
hitherto unknown and unrecorded treatment,
some abominable offence.
W h a t was the
offence ? Witness offered no reply.
M r . H e a l y — I w i l l give i t to you i n one
word—Ashbourne! Can you suggest, except
what he d i d at Ashbourne, t h a t , there was
no reason for this treatment of tins unhappy
i man?
j Witness—It had nothing to do w i t h Ash­
bourne or anywhere else, about which I know
very little.
M r . H e a l y — I ask you t o t e l l t h a t j u r y , i f
you can, what he d i d t o deserve a punishment
which never la the history of the Prison Ser­
vice, for crime or otherwise, has been i n ­
flicted upon » prisoner ?
Witness—1 knew he was engaged w i t h
others i n the destruction of prison property,
and if he d i d not do as much himself as
others, he was recognised as a leader of the
others.
A Leader of Men.
M r . Healy—Thank God. H e was punished
for being a leader of men. (To witness)—
For a l l this you take individual responsi­
bility ? Yes.
The Deputy Governor—a deputy of depu­
ties—you take a l l this responsibility on your­
self? Yes.
And you proclaim t h a t i t is shared by no
other human being?
I took responsibility
on myself for doing all I possibly could,
under the emergency that arose i n Mountjoy
on that occasion of the destruction of prison
property.
Perhaps yon can give us the value of the
property y e t set against human life ?
I
didn't set i t against human life.
Give the. value of the property that you
took from Thomas Ashe—except his o w n
boots—what was the value of the blanket?
Altogether i t might be £ 6 or £7.
Asked as to the covering allowed prisoners,
witness replied i t consisted of two biankets,
two sheets, rugs, pillows, plank bed.
M r . Healy—That is what is called the
mattress i n prison rules ? Witness replied
that a prisoner would get a mattress i f he
was entitled to i t .
So that he was lying on the boards, and
pou grudged h i m the blankets—the boards
<rere even taken away—the plank bed was
;ake><
VTes.
Give us the value of those articles which
iroused such apprehension i n your mind ?
[ cannot say the value, i t may be £4, £5 or
1
Which of the prisoners destroyed their bed
and bedding? None of them, becaOee the-"
jhad not the opportunity. A l l was taken out
as .'.j>re
of it?
self.
124
Mr.
Healy
(interrupting)—Privilege!
WTiere is the privilege?
Is hard labour a
pstvilege?
(laughter).
We cannot breathe
the air soon.
I suppose the stomach pump
is a privilege?
(To witness)—Who deprived
Thomas Ashe of his rights under Rule 32 ?
His o w n actions on the occasion deprived
him.
Under w h a t rule did you deprive Thomas
Ashe of the benefit of 32 ?
There is a rule
i n the book for the guidance of the governor.
On resuming after lunch, the witness r e
ferred M r . Healy to Rule 156.
Mr. Healy—This is the rule that entitles
you to deprive the prisoner of the benefit of
the prisott&tules? Yes, - a c t i n g on m y bes?
] judgment.
M r . Healy read the rule in question,
Report to the Prisons Board.
thd you report that to the Prisons Board
i on the Thursday morning on which you rei moved the prisoners' bed and bedding ? Yes.
^1 reported the f u l l circumstances to
the
[Prisons Board.
I Did you report to the Prisons Board that
yon deprived the prisoners of their bed and
given to the question.
I
Replying to further questions, the witness |
said that acting on his own judgment, when
comparative quiet was restored, he was con­
sidering the (question whether it would be
safe to restore the furniture.
THE
PRISON RULES
Broken to M r . Ashe's
Disadvantage
WITNESS'S
fnmaniy mm-1
He deprived himself of that privi-
EXPLANATION
Mr. Healy next proceeded to deal with the
Prison Rules, and arising therefrom he asked
—There is no power given to you to subject
a prisoner to the torture which you subjected \
Thoft. Ashe—did you observe that? Yes.
He couldn't sit down or he couldn't lie j
down except on the cold floor, and when he .
' lay down he had not the wherewith to cover ,
him ? My reply to that is this—in the ordi- J
nary everyday working of the prison these r e gulations are strictly enforced.
We are dealing with every night regula­
tions? Witness—On this occasion—an occa­
sion of the outbreak of mutiny and rebellion
in Mountjoy Prison, it was an occasion the
like of which was never heard of before in the
prison cells, and special measures had to be
taken i n order to protect the property of the
prisons and the prisoners doing away with
the public property.
Do you know that they did the same thing
iu Lewes Prison when the humane English
jailors never resorted to this abomination?
u haven't the particulars of what took place
in L e w e s J a i l .
M*Xo* have told us that ThomaB Ashe had
no mattress for the first fourteen days of hia
punishment in Mountjoy ?
Yes.
And he was " sentenced to be imprisoned
withTiard labour for two years, commencing
on tke aforesaid day " (3rd Sept.) ? Yes.
Fourteen days added to the 3rd September
nuKes what*
17.
Therefore on the 17th September Mr. Ashe
was entitled to | ; : . : ' ! • . • . . ? '
He was entitled
to a mattress 14 days, commencing from the
S day that the sentence was promulgated.
You cannot give Jour . interpretation of
:- the law—martial law.
Deprived of Mattress.
Witness was pressed to say whether the
deceased was not on the 17th September enMr. Hanna (interposing) contended that the
hard labour start«J from the 10th September
and 14 days from that would be the 24th.
The Coroner said no evidence had been
effect: and according to the war­
rant dec*
convicted and sentenced
from the 3rd September.
Mr. Healy read the prison rule which stated
" He shall not be deprived of a mattress for
the rest of his sentence except as a punish­
ment," and asked witness " W h a t do you
think of'that, Mr. Deputy-Governor?"
Yes, witness replied, that is the rule.
The Prison Rule Broken.
And you broke them—did you break that
rule?
I don't th
kder the circuroices.
•$Tou are the judge of the rules—they bend
in vour facile hai
i break that
1
of
which stated that "the Governor shall freely
and confidentially communicate w i t h the
Board o n a l l matters relating to the prison
• apprising them of any events of importance
and i n case of any emergency not sufficiently
provided for i n the rules, he shall apply
to them and conform to their orders, acting
if necessary i n the meantime to the best of
his own j u d g m e n t according to the circumI stances of the case.
Abrogation of Rules.
Witness, i n answer t o counsel, said t h a t
' was- the rule under w h i c h he acted. He knew
t h a t these rules were made by the Lord Lieu*
tenant i n Council and took statutory effect
after a certain procedure, and that they were
as much the law as an A c t of Parliament.
A n d your case is t h a t the Governor can,
at his own instance, under Rule D 6, abro­
gate the whole of t h e m ? I do not put it that
way.
H o w many can you abrogate? It givea a
certain discretionary power to the Governor
under certain circumstances, and he has to
act on his o w n judgment and to the best of
hia a b i l i t y . '
W i t h o u t discussing t h a t question, I wish
to ask you whether you claim that yon can
abrogate any or a l l of these prison rules
under these conditions? I w o u l d a l l depend
on circumstances.
•
Being pressed b y M r . Healy as to whether
he could abrogate any of the prison roles,
witness said t h a t no circumstances arose i n
the prison to abrogate the rules. He was not
aware t h a t he abrogated rules in respect of
Thomas Ashe, b u t Thomas Ashe broke all
the prison rules t h a t were applicable t o him.
Questioned as t o whether he acted under
the rule regarding the deprivation of a mat­
tress as a punishment, he said he d i d not act
under t h a t rule, because that rule referred
to where prisoners were b r o u g h t before the
Governor and given an o p p o r t u n i t y o f
making his defence.
•
Was there a charge brought against Mr.
Ashe at the t i m e ? N o , he was not charged
and brought before the Governor, but
a
charge was pending against him of being
concerned i n d i s t u r b i n g the peace of
the
prison. T h a t charge was being made by,
some prison official.
How many warders were in charge of Mr.
Ashe ? One warder was in charge of him in
the ordinary w o r k i n g of the prison.
W h a t was his name? I do not know hia
name.
»
Several questions were pot
as to the.
punishment t h a t the Governor could inflict
of his own m o t i o n , and witness said he could
deprive h i m of the privileges of books, o r
privileges t h a t he attained by good conduct,
or w i t h regard to remission ofsentence up to
fourteen days by reduction of marks.
Gross Misconduct.
Y o u say that.Ashe was g u i l t y of gross
misconduct, and you admit that yon have no
power t o punish for gross misconduct—is
that right? Yes.
You are deprived of the power to punish
a prisoner for wilfully destroying prison pro­
perty? I did not punish a prisoner for de­
stroying prison property.
But you a d m i t that yon are deprived of
the power to do it? Yes.
A n d prisoners accused of such offences
must be arraigned on oath before the Vieatinsf
'ustices, and punishment must be awarded
them ? Yes.
iflraaiJ^SK
D i d you report w i * serious charge against
Mr. Ashe " w i l h j u t loss of time to t h e
V i s i t i n g ComjBJffee " ? N o ; there was no,
special repiitf made.
V
Counsel" pressed for an answer as to t h e
m a k i n g of a report, and witness repned that
Sir John I r w i n , Chairman of the V i s i t i n g
JfGbmmittee, was present d u r i n g a time t h a t
tliis pandemonium, of the 20th, was t a k i n g
phec, but he (witness) made no special re­
port of the conduct of Ashe.
Entitled t o an I n q u i r y .
Did you tell Sir J o h n I r w i n that, yon de-i
sired an inquiry on oath i n t o Ashe's con*
duct ?
No.
Was he entitled t o such an i n q u i r y i f h e
had been g u i l t y of the alleged gross miscon­
duct and insubordination? H e was entitled
to ic.
He did not get t h a t i n q u i r y ?
Circum-»
stances of the prison d i d not a d m i t of any!
) inquiry t a k i n g place.
Ashe was undergoing punishment on the
20th September?
T h a t punishment had no­
t h i n g whatever t o do w i t h the 20th Sei tern*
ber.
W h a t had he done on the 20th September
w h i c h was not covered b y the punishwient
he was already undergoing? A s I explained
before, he was t a k i n g part i n combined action
w i t h others to defy the prison rules and up­
set the good order and discipline of the
prison. I know that from his previous con­
duct.
W i l l you mention any specific act done by
him for which he was not already under
j punishment-^I aWait your answer ? There is
no specific act except t h a t he was t a k i n g p a r t
in the shouting and y e l l i n g t o the other p r i ­
soners.
A Serious Offence.
Is that a serious offence ? I t is a very seri­
ous offence coming from a man, who was re­
cognised by those prisoners as a leader.
Ife was then under punishment on the 20th
September? I n so far as he was deprived of
bis instruction books.
Was he then under punishment or n o t ?
j He was under punishment from the 17th Sept
by being deprived of his i n s t r u c t i o n books for
seven days.
It was a very serious offence for a prisoner
undergoing punishment?
Yes, i t goes t o
show that the punishment* previously inflicted
on h i m had not the desired effect.
Is not t h a t w h y i t is specially reserved and
put outside y o u r jurisdiction. I s there any­
thing m the rules t o make the'punishment of
a leader different f r o m a follower? No.
In reply, t o further questions i n crossexamination, the witness said t h a t the more
serious the offence committed by a prisoner
| the less power the Governor has t o deal w i t h
it; it has to be dealt w i t h by the V i s i t i n g
Justices.
I Did you violate Rule 82 in failing to bring
the alleged serious misconduct of Thomas
Ashe before the only body appointed by
law to try a serious offence against the
Prison Rules ? No.
Pressed to answer i f he obeyed the rule,
the witness replied that there was no offence
brought beforette V i s i t i n g Justices on oath
in respect of Thos. Ashe. ' He admitted that
the Visiting Justices had not the power t o
inflict upon Thos. Ashe the punishment t h a t
had been inflicted.
Leaders or no leaders you subjected them
to deprivations which the V i s i t i n g Justices
could not inflict? Yes, under the circum­
stances they were deprived of these.
Mr. Healy—Necessities of life I call i t .
1
The Hunger Strike.
Was not a l l that done before one of these
men had commenced the hunger strike and
was not their hunger strike a protest against
your illegality?
Not at alL T h e prisoners
had their breakfast; they commenced hunger
strike at one o'clock, when dinner was served.
The beds and bedding and boots were removed
at 10 o'clock.
Had you four warders to take the boots
off Thomas Ashe ? I don't k n o w whether i t
was done by force or not.
W ho detailed the p a r t y ?
The Chief
W a r d e r ; he would probably be able t o tefl
how many warders it took to remove M r .
Ashe's boots.
T
Mr. Healy—I suggest it waa four warders
and
id that it was done at 10 o'clock. I t might
be
I suggest he had eaten his breakfast at the
proper hour? Yes.
And it was only at one o'clock, three
hours after this gross malpractice upon him
and illegal assault, that he commenced his
protest against your illegal action by the absteusion of food? That is not exactly the
case. The hunger strike was part of the
game or fight these prisoners were to play
along with breaking up the prison.
"Are you a prophet, or the son of a
p r o p h e t ? " asked Mr. Healy. * N o , " said
witness, who expressed his belief that even
if the prisoners had not been deprived cf
their mattresses, bedding, and boots they
would have struck. He could give no spe­
cial act in' the case of M r . Ashe to justify
his story.
Therefore, I am entitled to call your
story—I won't call it an invention—an
afterthought ?—It is my belief. M r . Ashe,
said witness, was deprived of his mattress
on 10th Sept., when his sentence was pro­
mulgated.
"EXTRAORDINARY"
PUNISHMENT.
Contrary to what you wish the court to
believe, except as a protest against the
abominable illegalities to which he was
subjected, M r . Ashe never attempted any
hunger-strike ?—No, he did not commence
the strike until 12 o'clock, and he did so
as a protest against his being treated as a
criminal prisoner. M r . Ashe was not pun­
ished in the ordinary sense of punishment.
Was it punishment in the extraordi­
nary sense of punishment—a punishment
that was never visited on the lowest
burglar, thief, or prostitute in the city cf
Dublin since prisons were erected—on |
your own confession?
Witness did not
reply.
I n answer to questions of detail i n rela­
tion to punishment of prisoners, witness
said the same rules applied to men and
women prisoners.
Mr. Healyj—Can women be visited with
the 6ame violence and trespass as men?
Witness replied that they had to carry out
the prison regulations, but women had no
authority to punish prisoners. To
the
Coroner, witness said he claimed the right
to punish a male prisoner.
Replying to further questions put by M r .
Healy, witness said that, i n the present
instance, this was a privation which the
men inflicted upon themselves by miscon­
duct.
Mr. Healy—If M r . Ashe was a law­
breaker, I wonder what the Governor of
Mountjoy was!
UNDERGROUND CELLS.
Some questions were put as to the nature
of some Of the cells i n which the pri­
soners were confined, and witness said
there ware subterranean cells, but they
were ventilated to let in fresh a i r .
Mr. Healy—To let in fresh a i r under­
ground. W a s it in one of these cells
that a prisoner was found practically
unconscious by the Lord Mayor?
Mr.
Hanna objected that this had relation to
another case.
The Coroner disallowed
the question.
Witness said certain of these prisoners
were picked out ns ringleaders, and they
were removed from the other prisoners.
Mr. Healy—Who decided that M r . Ashe
was a more docile or tractable prisoner
than those who were put i n the basement?
—The case was not decided whether he was
docile or otherwise. Witness added that
a report was made by the Chief Warder
that others of the prisoners were worse
than M r . Ashe.
Mr. Healy—Had M r . Griffey a bed i n the
basement cell before he was forcibly
Mr. Hanna objected, but the question was
allowed by the C o r o n e r . ,
' " W a a M r . Griffey," asked M r . Healy,
" after being forcibly fed, removed to a
basement cell, where there was no bed or
b e d d i n g P o s s i b l y , " was the reply; "he
was forcibly fed on Sat., and if he were
fed on Sat. before the beds were given to
the prisoners he would."
Every prisoner forcibly fed on Sat.,
amongst whom I include M r . Ashe, was
removed to a cell in which there was
neither bad nor bedding?—Yes.
Witness denied that it was reported to
him on Sat. that Mr. Griffey was bleeding
from the nose.
He could not tell how
many tubes, pumps, or funnels had been
or'
THE SUFFRAGETTES.
Mr. Healy asked what length of time was
allowed to lapse before Mr. Ashe was fed
as against the time allowed when the suf­
fragettes were fed. Mr. Hanna protested
against the question of the
Suffragettes
being introduced; but the Coroner said Mr
Hanna had examined Sir T . Myles on the
feeding of tho suffragettes.
Mr. Hanna
protested against the Coroner placing the
responsibility on him, when the answers
were given in answer to M r . Healy.
Witness said D r . Dowdall did not consult
him before he commenced the pumping
treatment oft Mr. Aehei The question of
artificially feeding
the prisoners Was
spoken about, but not about Mr. Ashe.
Mr. Healy—Did you give any authority
to the doctor to take these prisoners from
their cells and apply the pump to them?
—No; the doctor can do that under his
own responsibility.
Under what rule?—I cannot exactly
quote the rule. The Governor of the
prison might be cognisant of the fact, but
the Governor cannot 6tay his hand.
DOCTOR A N D D E P R I V A T I O N .
The doctor has sworn that you never con­
sulted him about deprivation of these men
of their wretched bed. bedding, clothing,
and boots?—I heard the doctor say that.
Did it surprise "you ?—I believe the doc­
tor was aware that they were deprived of
fcbeir beds.
Thftn he had told a falsehood ?—No; I
don't say that.
The doctor has sworn that until the Sat.
when a complaint was made to him by the
prisoner Austin Stack, he was unaware of
your illegalities. Do you contradict h i m : —
I believed, from the conversation that
passed between us, that the doctor was
aware that they were removed.
And that, therefore, he has perjured him­
self?—Oh, no. I t may be a lapse of
memory.
That, in the case of 40 men, they had
been deprived of beds and boots—the doctor
you say was suffering from a lapse of
memory.
That is what the doctors call
"ephas»ia''?—I believe, from the conversa­
tion with the doctor, that, he was aware
tbat the prisoners were deprived of bed and
bedding.
Is
no _ suffering
from
untruth or
" ephasia "—it must be either falsehood or
lapsed memory—he left you in the cart,
rather. When did you tell the doctor?—
I n the ordinary course of our conversation,
either on the F r i . or Sat., when we were
around the cells.
Then this doctor, when he inflicted this
punishment on these weak and wounded
©en* knew that they had been left for 50,
hours i n the cells deprived of bed and
bedding and boots, unable even to sit
down?—I don't-know that he knew it.
T h a t is for himself to say.
I want you to say it, and you have said
i t ? — I believed, from conversations with
D r . Dowdall, that he was aware of the fact
that these prisoners were deprived of their
bed and bedding. T h a t is my belief.
" T H I S HIDEOUS TORTURE."
uestioned by M r . Healy why " t h i s
eous t o r t u r e " was left unrecorded i n
either the punishment book or order book,
witness said that all orders given in a
prison were not entered in the Governor's
book. H«> admitted the existence of Rule
131, which stated that, if the Governor
failed to enter any matter that he was
bound to enter, he must make a record ot
the reason for the omission. He did not
make that record.
Wasn't your act and breach of all these
rules done to conceal them from the eye
of man?—Not at a l l ; I have nothing to
conceal. There was no necessity for mak­
ing anv order in connection with the mat­
ter. T h e Governor was the judge of what
orders he was to put in his book. M r .
Ashe was kept in close confinement after
the outbreak on the Thurs. He would not
go to exercise. Some of the prisoners took
separate exercise, and subsequently refused
to take it.
W h a t day did you give the order to
muffle the bells?—I didn't give the order.
Who muffled the bells ?—Probably the
warder in charge of the ward, to prevent
unnecessary ringing.
,
So that if these prisoners had a call in
mind—however desperate—no sound would
reach the ear of the warder?—That is not
the fact. The sound could reach the ears
of the warder, but it might not cause a
rent noise i n the prison, by having the
muffled.
...;
S
I suggest t h a t Ashe rang his bell on the
T h n r s . ; that i t , was muffled; and that,
whether he was ill or well, trouhled no
man in the prison?—He was offered exer­
cise on Thurs. by a warder, whose name I
cannot give, nor can I give the name of the
warder who offered the exercise to the
other prisoners. • ,$^K§>&.
Counsel put it to witness that by not
entering in the book that these prisoners
were punished they wore allowed to freeze!
in their cells—" I would not eay that,"'
answered witness. On Mr. Healy suggest­
ing that a person charged with sedition
could only be treated as a first-class mis­
demeanant, Mr. Hanna said that rule was
repealed in 1915. Mr. Healy said they
might repeal a rule, but not a statute, and
the statute was still in existence.
A U S T I N S T A C K AS W I T N E S S .
Mr. Healy asked the Deputy-Governor if
he would allow Austin Stack to attend the
Court as a witness on the Coroner's sum­
mons, . to '•diich witness replied that that
was a Ifueetion he was not prepared to
answer; it was, he said, a question for the
Governor. D r . Wynne pointed out that
the only way in which a prisoner could be
got to attend was by applying for habeas
corpus. So far as the Coroner's summons
was concerned, it could not be acted upon.
Mr. Healy remarked that the prison autho,ritie6 said they courted every inquiry, and
yet would not help this inquiry.
The inquiry into the circumstances afc-J
tending the death of Mr. Thomas Ashe,
late Sinn Fein prisoner in Mountjoy, who
died on the 25th September in the Mater
Hospital a few hours after his removal
there from the prison, was resumed this
afternoon in ;he City Morgue.
There was again a great demand for
admission on the part of tht public, and
a queue had to be formed up on the path­
w a y outside long before the hour of the
resumption of the inquiry.
Clergymen and ladies were igain numer­
ous in the general attendance, and the
Court, was crowded when Dr Louis Byrne,
Citv Coroner took his seat.
The names of the jury having been
called over and answered,
The Coroner (.addressing Mr. • Hanna)
' asked whom did be purpose calling.
tfir. Hanna said Ge proposed to call no
further witnesses, unless the Coroner de­
sired some particular witnesses, or the
jury desired, and he would now close his
, case by putting in a minute ot the Visit­
ing Justices for the 20th September, 1917.
tie would give a copy of the minute to the
Coroner and read it out.
*
Counsel read the minute in question,
wlich stated that Sir John Irwin presided,
and which contained the following para­
graph Vf»
The Deputy Governor submitted a
letter, dated 11th, from the General
Prisons Board, with reference to civi­
lians awaiting trial by court martial
'4'h* Committee found considerable diffi­
culty exists in the prison to-day. The
prisoners undergoing sentences parsed
on them by court martial refused ta
«*rk un.e.v they are treated as pri­
soners of war, and are given the pri­
vileges as set out in a memo prepared
by prisoner J . J . Liddy, and forwarded
to the Prisons' Board by the Governor.
The prisoner, Joseph MacDonagh, ap­
pealed before the committee and stated
that he and the other prisoners of his
class demanded in the terms o* Prisoner
biddy's memorandum be given effect
to. He further states he declines to re­
cognise any authority to treat him as
an ordinary prisoner, and if their de­
mands are not conceded he and the
others will go on hunger-strike. The
eomnrttee found considerable damage
has already been done in the cells by
these court martial prisoners.
Mr. Hanna handed in Prisoner Liddy's
memorandum referred to in a h e minute,
the document being signed b„> h i m : " J .
J.
M y , Clare Brigade. Irish Republican
Army."
Mr Healy asked to have the letter ad­
dressed to the Deputy Governor read.
Mr. Hanna said he had not got it.
HUMANE
WARDER
I s T h a n k e d by C o u n s e l for
His K i n d n e s s
126
Edward Fitzpatrick, a warder, who as*
sisted in the prison hospital, said that
when the deceased was brought to the hos­
pital on the 25th September he took him
to bed and put four pillows under his
head- He put a hot i a r to his feet, and
another warder put a blanket over him.
Mr. Healy said that this warder treated
the deceased with the utmost kindness, and
on behalf of the relatives he desired to
thank him.
Witness, in the course of further evi­
dence, stated that later in the evening in
question he took Mr. Ashe to the Mater
Hospital
When there, there was some re­
ference made to his treatment by the
crowd. Somebody in the crowd shouted
that " they had murdered Tom." He said,
" No, I have h >pe yet." Inside the hos­
pital a friend of his made reference to his
treatment, and he said that he was treated
gentlv by the staff and that he had no
complaint to make about it. When be
left the hospital he had a beard, and there
were no scratches on his face or throat
that he saw.
Mr.
Healy before cross-examining the
witness, asked him to convev to the mem­
bers of his staff that no blame attached
to them and that Mr. Ashe was treated
by them with the utmost kindness.
Counsel then questioned witness as to
scratches on Mr. Ashe's chin, and as to
whether he thought the beard concealed
them. The witness replied* that he would
not sar that the be-^rd concealed scratches.
Mr. Healy put it to the witness that they
they were seen when Mr. Ashe was shaved
after death.
Witness replied that he could not say
ianvthing about that.
Further cross-examined, he said he did
not see M r . Ashe in the orison until he
was in hospital, and he did not know who
the warders were who brought him to the
hospital.
Do rou know that he had been given a
powerful purgative by D r . Lowe?—No.
Neither did witness know if a purgative j
acted.
Did he make any comnlamt to yon as
to the denrivation of his bed. bedding, and
boots ?—No.
Or as to the cold?—No.
Did be sneak of the forcible feeding?—
He said that be felt verv weak after it.
WifTiess fnrffe" s*id th*t be hnd no cenIversftion with him exeeot to ask him bow |
- ""'t, and his reply was that he was very
I weak •
Witness f n r ^ e "
th» AT>1t- rem <i Mr. Ashe nruv'e in his hearing from the
I time be reached the hospital until he was
discharged wa«:
" I FEEL VERY WEAK."
Did he sav anything when in the ambulance?—When coming oat he got a
letter and was about to open it, but put it
into his pocket, and remarked that he
would read it when he got to the Mater
Hospital.
When Dr. Lowe operated on Mr. Ashe
were there two warders present?—'• Yes.
i ' W h a t are their names P
f
oT-1
Mr. Hanna—These men are here, and
you will have them.
Patrick M'Manus, warder, next examined
by M r . Hanna, said Warder Kilroy was
with him when he brought Ashe from his
cell to the doctor'* room to be fed by D r .
i Lowe. There waa
NO F O R C E U S E D .
I He practically walked before witness, and
j when he came into the room be walked to
and sat on a chair.
Were straps put on him?—They
were; around each arm and leg. He
did not resist in any way.
Continuing, he said:—During the opera­
tion of the artificial feeding tat doctor
had first some trouble in putting down the
tube; he had to withdraw it and pat it
down again
„
. ,
_
What was the cause?—He took a fit of
conghing. I t was the passage of the tube
that brought on the fit of coughing. The
doctor
asked him first how be was
ted
on
the
previous
occasionwas
it
through
the
nose
or
mouth, and Ashe replied that it wee
through the mouth
He asked the dor tor
at the time for some opening medicine.
After the tube was passed, the doctor asked
him if it waa all right, and
ASHE NODDED HIS H E A D
to indicate that it was. From the time he
left the cell nntil he was brought to hos­
pital wa' no more han 10 or 12 minutes.
After the tube was withdrawn Ashe ap­
peared to get weak, and the doctor told
witless to take him back to his cell and
get h'm to bed. Witness, with Kilroy,
took him by the arms to help h i m , and
when about 10 or 15 vards from the doc­
tor's room they met Dr. Dowdall. From
-Dr. "Dowdall they got twstnwrtfons to take
him to the h^srutal. K i l r o y went to the
cell to get Mr. Ashe's coat and other
thjn?s, and then he wa6 brought to the
hospital.
"STRAPS
Warder
ON H I M . "
Describes Process of
Restraint.
Cross-examined by Mr. Healy, witness
said he did not hear the deceased say to
Dr. Lowe, " I object to being forcibly red."
Consequently you didn't hear the doc­
tor's reply that he was there to "do his
duty?—No, I don't remember him saying
that.
You
have told nc that the prisoners
arms and legs w e r e strapped?—Ye».
I presume tbit the painful duty was
done by yourself and Mr. Watters?—My­
self and Warder Kilroy.
Do you that Dr. Lowe has told the jury i
, "The warders had not to restrain him in
; any way"—is that
correct P—Well,
the
straps were on him.
T h a t is restraint P— Yes.
Therefore it is not true for D r . Lowe to
say that the warders had not restrained
him in any way?—Yes, sir.
Witness continued to say that the de­
ceased walked into the room by himself,
but when coming out he had to be linked.
"And
what happened," a*ked counsel,
"to that man in the chair?
Dr. K i n sella, an eminent doctor, has told us
that he has practised this ooerntion for
two years, and-the patient not fat (laugh­
ter).
What haonened to Thos. Ashe in
five minutes at the hands of Dr. Lowe?"
" I am not prepared to answer," replied
the witness.
Has the deputy governor been speaking
to vou about this transaction?—No.
Or the doctor?—Yes, Dr. Dowdall.
Has D r . Lowe spoken to you about itP—
No.
Is he still at work in the prison P—No,
sir: I didnt see him.
I When was he discontinued?—I only sew
him once since that occasion,
j At what stage of this business did the
i unfortunate man's lips go blue?—Well. I
didn't see them going blue, but I saw that
i he was getting weak at the finish np of
i the feeding before the tube was withdrawn
! fr^m hi* storonch.
Mr. He»lv—How many
S T R O K F S OF T H E PUMP
er minute did Dr Lowe administer to
i m ? — I believe about 20 or 30; I could
not tell.
Do you know if any air was pumped into
the *raan's stomach?—I,don't.
When he got weak was the tube with­
drawn before the operation was finished?—
No.
So that after he got weak the pump still
went on?—I could not say.
What was said when the indication of
t^e tragedy became evident—what did the
doctor sav, when he saw the man's lins
become blue?—I could not say. Ho told
as to take him away, and leave him lying
down for some time.
I f you had not accidentally encountered
Dr. Dowdall you would have taken him
upstairs to his cell P—Yes.
With his lips blue and his heart col­
l a r e d P— Yea.
Do yon know if the prisoner bad been
subject to the deprivation of hi bed. bed­
ding, and boots for two davs and vo nights
before this forcible feeding 15 in?—Per­
sonally, of my own knowledge I did not
know, but Iheard about it.
Have you any doubt if Dr Lowe knew
of i t ? — I could not say.
What do yon say he was subjected to
this enormity for, to this unheard-of de­
privation that was never visited on any
prisoner in Ireland before?
Mr. Hanna objected to the question, as
th» witness had said he knew nothing
about it.
Witness said that he had never been in
charge of A=he until halfrpast eleven on
Tuesday, n e then took him ovsr from
Warder Owens. He didn't know the names
of the warders, who had charge of Ashe
when he was deprived of his bed and his
boots.
JSMMWmMWmBBtMWMm^^^^M
1
f
Mr. Healy—Is there any difficulty in the
orison authorities crettiiig th" names oi
the warders who did tv>e«e things?—No. •
I c^n't think there would be
Would there be any difficulty i n getting
the names of the warders who supervised
the forcible feeding of the other prisoner
on the Saturday?—I could not say.
Who apportions your duties?—The Chief
wflrcicr.
Mr. Healy—That is the man* we want,
Mr. Ryan.
To witness—After A s h : collapsed in the
chair did he say anything?—He said he
felt verv weak.
Was that in presence of Dr. Lowe?—Yes.
What did Dr. Lowe ,ay?— He told us
to takes him out and take him to his
cell and let him lie down.
Were you at the forcible feeding of
other men?—.Yes
Give me their names? —
Mr. Hanna objected to the question, but
j * was allowed.
Mr.
Healy repeated his question as
to the names of the other at whose forcible
feeding witness was present.
Witness answered that he could not give
the names because he did not know them.
ANGRY
Mr.
SCENE
H a n n a O b j e c t s to. Word
"K lied '
1
Mr. Healy was then in the act of in­
quiring from the witnass when he had
seen Dr. Kinsella. of Maryboro', in Mountjoy priso before Mr. Ashe was killed.
Mr. Hanna jumped excitedly to h'a feet
and said he objected to the repetition of
such words as "killed," "murdered," and
so forth.
Mr. Healy said he would continue to re­
peat it, and It would be repeated by four
millions ot people outside. "You can pack
a j u r y , " he exclaimed, "but not a gallery."
At this there was loud applause in court.
Mr. Hanna, who still continued to be
very much excited, said he had protested
before that if these demonstrations were re­
peated he and his witnesses would with­
draw, and they would now do so and leave
the Court. ,
Counsel then commenced to pack np his
papers.
The Coroner, intervening, said he hoped
j there would be no further demonstration,
j He had got a representation on the pre\ vious evening from the representatives of
! the Press- as to accommodation in Court,
j and he bad given instructions that no one
should be allowed in unless there was a
seat. He would make
ONE M O R E A P P E A L
to the gallery, and if they did not conj duct themselves properly he would have to
take measures. They did not help the case
in any way by demonstrations.
Mr.
Hanna—These demonstrations are
' made for a purpose. I do not use threats
unless I intend to'carry them out. I have
I said three times that I would withdraw
with my witnesses if these disgraceful
scenes were continued.
Mr. Healy—There are no disgraceful
scenes, and no scenes that Judges of the
High Court in Ireland and England have
not allowed.
The Coroner—Will yon allow the matter
to end and let us get on with our business.
Mr. Hanna persisted in his attitude, and,
AMIDST A S C E N E OF C O N S I D E R A B L E
EXCITEMENT,
j left the Court.
As he was leaving Mr. Healy remarked:
He has gone, but he has left Mr. Wynne
a good looker-on.
Mr. Healy—Js Mr. Douglas going to
withdraw, tooP
Dr. Wynne—He will stay with me.
Mr. Healy remarked that he would do
so owing to the Coroner's subpoena.
Dr. Wynne said he attended here i n cour­
tesy to the Coroner.
Mr. Healy said he had not referred to
Dr. Wynne. And he added—J am going to
recall Dr. Dowdall.
Dr. Wynne—He is leaving with h i s
counsel. I wish again to say that I am
attending there through courtesy with Mr.
Douglas.
Mrfl Healy said Dr- Wynne was attend­
ing there as a public duty.
During these interchanges, D r . Dowdall
and the solicitors sitting at the table
nest to Mr. Hanna left their seats and
proceeded to leave tb ecourt after their
counsel, an das they moved from'ihe body
of the court Mr. Healy r e m a r l ^ K ^ " Of
course, this is all arranged."
' jr^'
Dr. Wynne—If it is arranged, it is ar­
ranged by Mr. .Healy and the gallery.
Mr. Healy—You are here only for one
limited purpose, and that is to safeguard
the interests of Mr. Douglas, and .1 beg
my learned friend to confine himself to
that.
Mr. Healy said Mr. Hanna and some of
the witnesses having gone, he would tell
the Court the course he proposed to take.That morning h<? made application to the
High Court h a v L g been refused the at­
tendance, on the Coroner's subpoena, of a
prisoner in Mountjoy, notwithstanding the
bounden courtesy with w h c l the Chiet
Crown Solicitor desired to treat everything
;
connected with the Coroner and his tri­
bunal—he made application to the High
Court for the attendant of four prisoners
at that inquiry in order
TO G I V E T H E L I E
—and he used no othe • word—to the mass
of prison evidence' which had been ob­
truded on that court by the deputy
governor.
It
had
been
arranged
that the motion should stand until Mon­
day next, in order that arguments might
be presented by tbe Crown, if they so
thought fit, as to whether these witnesses
were relevant or necessary witnesses or
AUJOUHNMtlN I H r r L i t H i i u n ,
M r . Healy said M r . H a n n a and some of
the witnesses having gone, he would tell
•Ahe Court the course he proposed to take.
{That morning he made application to the
Iigh Court—having been refused the at­
tendance, on the Coroner's subpoena, of a
prisoner i n Mountjoy, notwithstanding the
oounden courtesy with which the Chief
Crown Solicitor desired to treat everything
connected with the Coroner and h i s
tribunal.
H i s application to the H i g h
Court was for the attendance of four pri­
soners at that inquiry i n order to give the
lie—and he used no other word—to the
mass of prison evidence which had been
obtruded on that court by the deputy
.governor. I t had been arranged that the
motion should stand until Monday next,
in order .that arguments might be pre­
sented by the Crown, if they thought fit.
I as to whether these witnesses were rele­
vant or necessarv witnesses or not. Mr»
• Hanna, having had the advantage of hear! ing S i r A . Chance and S i r T . Myles, a d I dressed the Court, making t h e case that
I these prisoners were out for luxuries and
i for a summer holiday, and that the hunger' strike preceded, and not succeeded, tha
; deprivation of their clothing and beddmg
I «nd boots. As that suggestion, which M r .
i i-Ianua made on his instructions, was abso­
lutely false, he would apply for a n adjourn­
ment to enable the argument to be prooeeded with in the H i g h Court. H i s chief
witnesses would bo the prisoners. I f
these were shut out—if it was so decided,
after what had taken place—it would verymuch shorten the inquiry, and very much
abridge the view that he intended present­
ing to the j u r y . B y that time M r . H a n n a
would have got back from Belfast (laught )_
e he had to go that e v e n i n g after his temporarv disappearance (renewed
i
T
e r
w u e r
PRISONS B O A R D S E C R E T A R Y .
Mr. S. H . Douglas, Secretary of the P r i ­
sons Board, in reply to M r . Healy, said he
came to the Prisons Board Service before
the. passing of the Prisons Act of 1877.
Asked if this Act, known as Lord Cross'B
Act, was the first Act to create a distinction
between prisoners convicted of sedition and
ordinary prisoners, he said that upon that
question he could not give an opinion.
When I was asking the Deputy Governor
about the treatment of first-class misde­
meanants and as to sedition, Mr. H a n n a
said that Act was repealed. Did you in­
struct Mr. Hanna to say that? ,
Dr. Wynne—I object to that.
Instruc­
tions between solicitor and client are pri­
vileged.
Mr. Healy contended that Mr. Douglas
was not a client of Mr. Hanna's. and Mr.
Hanna was not his counsel. Mr. Wynne
might be Chief Crown Solicitor for Ireland,
but he was not the Chief Crown Objector.
Dr. Wynne—Is this kind of offence to
be tolerated? So far as I am personally
concerned what M r . Healy says does not
concern me; but, as a matter of respect to
this Co art, it should not be tolerated. T h e
Coroner upheld the objection.
Mr. Healy (to witness) Have you ex­
pressed any opinion as to whether or not
Section 19 of L o r d Cross's Act is still in
forcer—Nobody knows better than M r .
Healy that the greater portion of that
Act is in force.
I ask you is that particular section of
the Act?—The greater portion of that is
still in force.
The witness was then examined at some
length ou the question of the prison rules
and the repeal of those rules relating espe­
cially to the treatment of prisoners as firstclass misdemeanants.
He said he could
not recollect the exact date whan this sunl>osed repeal of these rules was issued to
the Governor, of Mountjoy Prison.
PRISON DOCUMENTS,
B O A R D S
OFFICIAL REFUSAL.
A lengthy argument ensued between Mr.
Healy and D r . Wynne" as to whether the
witness should give evidence relating to
the minutes of the Prisons Board.
Mr Douglas »aid he believed that the
-luestion whether a prisoner convicted
under Regulation 42 of the Realm Acts was
entitled to the benefit oi Section 49 ot Lord
Gross's Act, had been considered by the
Prisons Board. As to the production of the
minutes containing the Prisons Board'e
conclusions he was not at liberty to give
information.
,
»
, i & T . Wvnne thereupon produced a docu­
ment from the Chairman of the Prisons
Board, which he handed to witiness, and
which was as follows:—
In t h e o p i n i o n of t h e G e n e r a l P r i s o n s B o a r d
t o r I r e l a n d t h e p r o d u c t i o n of t h e m e m o s , l e t ­
t e r s , a n d m i n u t e s of t h e B o a r d r e f e r r e d to in the
s u b p o e n a d a t e d 8 t h O c t . , 1917, a n d a d d r e s s e d t o
S. H . D o u g l a s , E s q . , S e c , P r i s o n s B o a r d , will be
p r e j u d i c i a l a n d i n j u r i o u s to t h e p u b l i c s e r v i c e o f
his Majesty, a n d the B o a r d have directed their
s e c r e t a r y not to produce them.—Signed, M a x S.
Green, Chai.man.
Mr. Healy having read the terms of. the
subpoena, the Coroner said he was not i n
i jxisition to enforce the summons.
MR. H E A L Y A N D MR. G R E E N .
Mr. Healy asked witness if there was a
minute directing the treatment-of hunger
strikers i n the illegal manner to which Mr.
Boland bad' deposed.
D r . Wynne objected, and the objection
was upheld, as was also one i n relation to
other questions which M r . Healy wished
to ask as to telephone messages and other
communications between the witness and
the prison authorities.
* After several of these rulings, Mr. Healy
said he would a«k no further questions,
and, i n taking leave of the witness, counsel
said, amid some laughter, " Give our com­
pliments to Mr. Max Green."
Tuesday, at 11.30, was fixed for the fur­
ther proceedings. M r . H a n n a informed a;
Press representative outside the court thatj
the prison authorities would decline to be)
represented any further at the inquest.
H A B E A S
Jail Tragedy
C O R P U S
E c h o in Four
Courts
M O U N T J O Y
Application
P R I S O N E R S
lor Attendance at
inquest
To-day, in the King's Bench Division,
before the Lord Chief Justice, sitting as
vacation judge,
Mr. T . M. Healy, K . C . , M.P., • ith whom
was Mr. Dixon (instructed by Mr. E d ­
mund J . Duggan), applied ex parte for
an order for the attendance of cer­
tain prisoners in Mountjoy Prison
at the inquest now being held con­
cerning the deatn of Thomas Ashe,
for tha purpose of being examined
as witnesses
j He moved on an affidavit filed by his
: solicitor that morning,- i n which he stated
that he was acting tor the next-of-kin of
the late Vhonias Ashe, who died in the
Mater Mie^ricordiee Hosjntal on the 5th
•September last, where he was serving a
term of one year'6 imprisonment with hard
labour for a speech alleged to have been
delivered by him at Balimalec, Co. Long­
ford, in July last. During the currency
of his sentence there were incarcerated,
with the deceased about 40 other Defence
of the Keulm Act prisoners, under a simi­
lar order of a court martial, with the ex­
ception of Mr. Joseph McDonagh, who
was sentenced under an order of a Dublin
police magistrate. I n consequence of the
death of the prisoner the Coroner for the
city of Dublin held an inquest, which was
commenced on the 27th Sept., and was
stili proceeding. Counsel tor the prison
authorities had examined a number of
witness*.
The Lord Chief Justice said he had read
the affidavit which Mr. Healy was now
opening, and he did not think that some
of the paragraphs were necessary for the
application.
Mr. Healy said he respectfully submitted
that the matters contained in "these para­
graphs were necessary.
The Lord Chief Justice said he did not
ses why these matters should be intro­
duced into the affidavits.
Mr. Healy said the prison authorities had,
made every objection to enabling them to
probe this matter sofficiently.
The Lord Chief Justice said a l l theso
allegations as to what was alleged to have
happened as to this deceased man when in I
prison did not appear to bo relevant.
Mr. Healy—With every respect, we hold j
T H E Y A R E NECESSARY
VANT.
AND R E L E - !
»
The case of the prison authorities is that
the deceased died because of a hungerstrike in which they say he engaged m
order to obtain luxuries and a summer
holiday. We, on the other hand, say thar
he died in consequence of cruelty inflicted
on him before ever he engaged i n a hun­
ger-strike.
The Lord Chief Justice—Assuming thai
is the case you present now, tell me what
exactly is the nature of \-our application?
Mr. Healy said his application was that
an order should be made that fcur
prisoners should be produced at the in­
quest.
The Lord Chief Justice—To give evidence
on what subject ?Mr. Healy—Touching the death and
treatment of Thomas Ashe.
The Lord Chief Justice—This inquiry
has been going un for a considerable rimeMr. Healy—Yes.
The Lord Chief Justice—And when is
it to be resumed?
Mr. Healy—This day at 3 o'clock.
The Ixird Chief Justice—This a matter
of considerable importance and I do not
want to act in any way hastily in the
matter.
Have you given
tice of the
application? I will take i *n any day
that may be convenient.
_
128
M r . H e a l y — I have carcfutlv'considered
! the practice, and I w i l l not—if I may say
j so respectfully—contest y o u r lordship's
' suggestion. T h i s is a n ex paste a p p l i c a t i o n .
The L o r d Chief Justice, said the veryfact t h a t i t was f o u n d necessary t o make
an
A F F I D A V I T W I T H T E N PARAGRAPHS
rendered i t essential t h a t he should be
cautious i n the matter. He w o u l d sit spe­
cially to hear this m o t i o n o n whatever
date was convenient t o M r . n e a l y and
s u i t i n g the convenience of the. Crown.
M r . H e a l y — I t h i n k , w i t h every respect j
to y o u r lordship and to the Crown, t h a t
i t should be heard S t once.
L o r d Chief Justice—I w i l l take i t f o r f
you to-morrow, and perhaps before I rise
you can get someone from the Chief C r o w n
Solicitor's office to ascertain i f they are i
ready. Subject t o w h a t I may hear I shall
be very glad to take i t up to-morrow.
M r . Healy said t h a t was the very course
he w o u l d i h a v e been disposed t o take i n
the interests o f justice, and he d i d n o t
at a l l quarrel w i t h his lordship's view.
Subsequently the L o r d Chief
Justice
stated t h a t he had ascertained t h a t Mon­
day next would be a date convenient t o a l l
parties, and he would hear M r . H e a l y s
a p p l i c a t i o n o n t h a t day.
To-day i n the K i n g ' s Bench D i v i s i o n , the
l o r d Chief Justice as Vacation Judge, sat
•pecially t o hear the application i n the matter
df the late Thomas Ashe.
I t was a motion made exparte for an order ;
for the attendance of four prisoners, at pre- j
sent i n Mountjoy Prison, at the inquest being '
held concerning the death of Thomas Ashe,
for the purpose of their being examined as
witnesses.
The application had been adjourned f r o m a
previous day to afford the C r o w n a n apport u r i t y of being present.
M r . T. M . Healy, K . C . , M . P . , and M r .
D i x o n (instructed by M r . E d w a r d J . Duggan)
appeared for. the next-of-kin of the late Thos.
Ashe.
The Attorney -General and M r . D e v i t t (in­
structed b y the Chief C r o w n Solicitor) at­
tended for the Crown.
The Attorney-General's A t t i t u d e .
W h e n the case was called,
T h e Attorney-General said—The notice of
motion in this matter has been served on me,
and I have had an opportunity of reading the
affidavit of M r . Duggan the solicitor for the
next-of-kin. That affidavit does seem t o me
to present a prima facie case for the produc- :
tion of these prisoners, and, therefore, I make i
no objection to the issue of the necessary
order.
I do not t h i n k I ought therefore take
any further part i n the proceeding.
The L o r d Chief Justice—You say M r . A t ­
torney Hhat there is a p r i m a facie case pre­
sented.
I t is not my concern t o probe any
further into that—but I have to be satisfied
t h a t a prima facie case cas been made. As to
your further action and intervention t h a t is
• matter for yourself.
The Attor- v-General and M r . D e v i t t then
left the Court.
The Affidavit of M r . Duggan.
Healy read the affidavit
sworn
by
Mr.
Duggan,
solicitor, on
which
t h e application was grounded, i n which
jMr.
Duggan
stated
that he was the
solicitor
for
the
next-of-kin
of
the
late Thomas Ashe, who died i n the Mater
Misericordiee H o s p i t a l on Tuesday, the 25th
last, w i t h i n five hours after
his dis­
charge from Mountjoy Prison, where he was
serving a sentence of one year's imprisonment
w i t h bard labour for a speech alleged t o have
been delivered by h i m at Ballinalea i n the
County
of
Longford
in
July
last.
He
was
convicted
and
sentenced by
a
C o u r t m a r t i a l , the sentence
to
take
effect from 3rd of September, 1917, and
d u r i n g the currency of his sentence there
were incarcerated w i t h deceased about forty
other prisoners under the Defence of the Realm
A c t under order of similar tribunals w i t h one,
exception, M r . Joseph M ' D o n a g h . who was
sentenced by order of a D u b l i n police magis- !
Mr.
1
trate.
H e went on t o state the facts relating
t o the h o l d i n g of the inquest and the evidence
given at i t .
The L o r d M a y o r of D u b l i n and
Sir John I r w i n , who is Chairman of the V i s i t ­
i n g Justices o f Mountjoy Prison, he said, were
examined by the Coroner, and proved t h a t on
Saturday, 22nd September u l t , they found
deceased i n his cell where he had been since
the previous Thursday m o r n i n g , deprived of
his bed, bedding, boots and cell furniture.
Combination w i t h other Prisoners.
I t was afterwards a d m i t t e d by t h e DeputyGovernor t h a t for over 50 hours the deceased
h a d been left i n this condition w i t h nothing
to
sit
or
sleep upon
save the bare
floor,
and
that
this
deprivation
had
been
inflicted
upon
him
and
the
other prisoners w i t h o u t any mqaury or
sentence of punishment. The excuse offered
for this ill-treatment was t h a t the deceased
i n combination w i t h other Defence of the
Realm A c t prisoners was at the t i m e of the
removal of his boots, bedding, etc., engaged
i n a hunger strike, and i n pursuance of a
common design, contemplated the destruction
of his bed, bedclothes, and prison furniture
whereupon the Deputy-Governor d i d the acts
complained of.
W h a t the Other Prisoners Say.
" I have had access t o several of the p r i ­
soners," M r . Duggan continued* "subjected by
the Deputy Governor t o similar treatment and
tffey have informed me, and I believe t h a t
such allegations which had previously been
made by M r . Hanna, K . C . , on behalf of the
prison authorities are t o t a l l y w i t h o u t founda­
tion . . . .
I t appears from the prison
records put i n evidence t h a t several of the
said prisoners were subjected t o forcible or
artificial feeding on Saturday the 22nd u l t . ,
and that' while suffering from the depriva­
tions aforesaid, i t was admitted they were sent
back t o their cells to lie on the bare floor
w i t h o u t bed or bedding, and I am informed
and believe t h a t one of them, James Griffey,
was then bleeding profusely from the treat­
ment he h i d received, and has since been sent
t o the M a t e r Misericordiae H o s p i t a l , where he
now
Jies.
As
solicitor
for
the
next-of-kin,
I
propose
to
show
t h a t the case made on behalf of the prison
authorities t h a t deceased died p a r t l y f r o m
starvation and p a r t l y from a weak heart
caused thereby is unfounded, and i t is p u t
f o r w a r d to screen the illegality to w h i c h the
deceased was subjected. I say t h a t the
D e p s t y Governor admitted t h a t the deceased
and the other prisoners partook of t h e i r
breakfast as usual on Thursday morning, \ h e
20th September, and t h a t i t was only after
they were assaulted by warders,
about
10 a.m. on t h a t day, and t h e i r boots, bed,
bedding, and cell furniture taken away, t h a t
they refused food at dinner t i m e on t h a t day,
and began a hunger strike as a protest
against the illegal treatment to which they
were subjected, and I say t h a t said prisoners
informed me, and I believe, t h a t no attempt
St hunger s t r i k e was mads by them u n t i l
sfter the assaults and deprivations aforesaid,
i n d t h a t i t was not because of any appre­
hension of such hunger strike or destruc­
tion
of
property
as
sworn
to
by
khe
Deputy
Governor
that
they
and the deceased were subject to the barbari­
ties which led t o the death of deceased.
I
say t h a t the prison doctor, i n his evidence,
stated t h a t he was wholly unaware of the
deprivations b y the Prison Governor of the
prisoners' bed, bedding, and boots u n t i l after
a number of them had been forcibly fed on
Saturday the 22nd u l t . A s to this, he was
contradicted b y the Deputy-Governor, who
deposed t h a t the Doctor was
throughout
aware of
ivations. I say t h a t i t is
:
v i t a l , i n the interests of justice, and i n order
t h a t a r i g h t verdict may be arrived at, t h a t
the j u r y should be able t o apportion respon­
sibility as between the various officials."
Why
the Prisoners Should be Called.
M r . Duggan further stated i n his affidavit
t h a t he advised and believed t h a t the evidence
of Joseph McDonagh, A u s t i n Stack, F i n i a n
L y n c h , and P h i l i p M c M a h o n , who are a t pre­
sent undergoing sentence i n Mountjoy Prison,
as Defence of the Realm A c t prisoners, should
be present at the inquest i n view of the allega­
tions made by the learned counsel and wit­
nesses for the prison authorities.
These p r i ­
soners, he added,will be JU.
rove that the
allegations of^the Deputy Governor against
Thomas Ashe are entirely nnjonnded, and
more than one of them, as he believed, w i l l
be able t o show t h a t the forcible feeding
applied by the doctor under whose hands the
deceased collapsed immediately after being
fed was incompetently and brutally admini­
stered.
The L o r d Chief Justice—As regards that
allegation, of course, I know nothing about
this whole matter beyond noting the pro­
ceedings i n the public Press, but were any of
those persons whom y o u propose to examine
as witnesses present at the time the deceased
man was fed ?
M r . Healy—No, my lord, nor do we rely
entirely, or mainly, on the forcible feeding—
we make the application absolutely inde­
pendent of that.
Lord Chief Justice's View.
The L o r d Chief Justice—I must confine my­
self w i t h i n the four corners of your affidavit;
and i t is stated here in the material paragraph,
9, i n reference to the persons for whose atten­
dance you are making this application t h a t
they w i l l be able to prove " t h a t the allegations
of the Deputy Governor against the said
Thomas Ashe are entirely unfounded, and
more than one of them, as I believe, w i l l be
able to show t h a t the forcible feeding applied
by the doctor under whose hands the deceased
collapsed
immediately
after
being
fed
was incompetently and b r u t a l l y administered."
Now, i t is perfectly obvious to me t h a t i t
would be impossible for them to give evidence
of what occurred at the time i f they were not
present on t h a t occasion.
M r . Healy—They were n o t present. I t h i n k
your lordship does not apprehend the matter.
Contents of the Affidavit.
L o r d Chief Justice—I am not dealing w i t h
any matter beyond what is i n the affidavit.
I am dealing w i t h the statement t h a t more
than one of these persons would be able to
show t h a t th? forcible feeding of the deceased
man was incompetently and brutally adminis­
tered
M r . Healy—Your Lordship, I t h i n k , is
mistaken.
L o r d Chief Justice—I am reading from the
affidavit.
M r . Healy—Your Lordship won't allow
time t o read i t .
L o r d Chief Justice—I don't quite under­
stand that observation, M r . Healy. Y o u h a v
already read i t .
M r . H e a l y — W i l l your Lordship allow me
to read i t ?
Lord Chief Justice—Certainly.
M r . Healy again referred t o the paragraph
i n the affidavit i n which i t was stated t h a t
the allegations the Deputy-Governor made
against
Thomas
Ashe were entirely un­
founded.
The L o r d Chief Justice said he was calling
his attention to the statement i n paragraph
9 of the affidavit that more than one of these
prisoners
would be able t o show t h a t the
forcible feeding applied by the doctor under
whose
hands
the deceased collapsed i m ­
mediately after being fed was incompetently
and brutally administered.
M r . Healy said that, was only a secondary
portion of the illegality practised against
the deceased by the prison authorities. The
principal
illegalities
alleged
were
mentioned i n the paragraphs he had read and
which had been referred to by counsel for the
prison authorities.
The L o f d Chief Justice said he was only
anxious t o prevent the inquiry from being ex­
ploited and extended for the purpose of deal­
ing w i t h wholly irrelevant matters.
e
The
Breaking of Furniture.
M r . Healy said the forcible feeding bad
been mentioned i n connection w i t h the ille­
galities
as
the
last
straw
that
broke the camel's back.
I t was stated
on behalf of the prison authorities., t h a t the
deceased had misconducted himself by break-
ing glass and furniture, as set out in the
evidence, but there was no foundation for
that statement. There was no real pretence
that ho broke glass or did anything that was
improper; yet it .was alleged by the Crown,
and they put in a document with the view to
showing that Thomas Ashe was a ringleader,
and acted in combination with others, and,
as a result, he was punished, his clothes taken
from him, and he was left lying on the floor
for 48 hours. I t was while in that weak and
debilitated condition that he was subjected to
an operation which a strong man might have
been able to endure, but which this poor man
was quite unfitted for. From the very start the
case of the Crown was, as he (counsel) had
stated it. H e would read the words used by
Mr. Hanna to show that he was not over­
stating the matter.
The Lord Chief Justice—I will take your
word, of course, for it.
Mr. Healy said the minute of the Visiting
Justices had been put in affecting two priso­
ners, one named Liddy and another named,
he thought M'Donagh, but no mention was
made of Ashe, and it was stated that these
persons on that day had broken glass and mis­
conducted themselves, by taking up stools
and hammering them against the doors, and
in fact turning the place into pandemonium.
Was Ashe a " R i n g l e a d e r " ?
I t was alleged by the Prison authorities
that Ashe was a ringleader, an inciter to dis­
order.
But
in
truth
and
in
fact
there
was
not
a
scintilla of
foun­
dation
for
such
an
allegation
in
respect of Ashe. These prisoners would be
able to prove that these stories affecting them
and affecting Ashe, in so far as he was act­
ing in consort with them, were absolutely
unfornded.
Allegations by M r . Hanna, K . C .
Counsel could not meet the case made by
Mr. Hanna unless by the evidence of the
j witnesses
he
proposed examining. Mr.
Hanna put it forward that these men acted
as they had done, not to protest
against
illegality, but to obtain comforts and luxuries
such as people obtain on a summer holiday.
Counsel wished to show that Ashe while
silent and passive in his cell was set upon,
seized, 3 n d deprived of his boots, and having
been himself
reduced almost to mummy
was operated on by a doctor who was not
told by the Governor that the unfortunate
yman had been subjected to this treatment. If
in the course of the proceedings it was found
that the doctor operating on him was acting
with even unskilfulness or even was brutal
in the discharge of his duty tho jury could
not differentiate as between more or less
roughness—but as regarded the Governor of
the piison he had no right to punish as he
had done.
Counsel relied with confidence
on the facts put forward in the affidavit as
ample to establish his right to the order
a?ksd
JUDGE'S
DECISION
Comments on Attorney-General's
Action
The Lord Chief Justice said that in this
case he greatly regretted, though he could
not find fault with, the action of the
Attorney-General.
He thought that the
court was entitled in this matter to have had
his assistance on the constructions of the facts
on which this application was founded.
He
said that with all the greater fofce because
while .Mr. Healy was perfectly right in
saying that the first and perhaps most essen­
tial ground of his application was based on
what he alleges to be the conduct of the case
on the part of the learned counsel represent­
ing the interests involved, that certain alle­
gations are made of a general conspiracy m
which the person the cause of whose death is
being inquired into—that in fact he was a
ringleader. Mr. Healy states that that case
being made it was essential in the interests
of justice that he should have an opportunity
of examining the persons alleged to have
been in the conspiracy with tho person
quite under­
stand, but having regard to the public im­
portance of the inquiry and the attention
it
had naturally
aroused
and
more
particularly inasmuch as in the affidavit
on which the application was grounded, tlie
second specific assertion was dwelt on, and
his lordship said that Mr. Healy himself
must know that it was wholly out of the
power of these witnesses to give any legal j
evidence in reference to the matter mentioned.
It was stated that these people were required '
for the purpose of proving that this particular
deceased person was incompetently and
brutally and forcibly fed.
Impossible to Refuse Action.
His Lordship was struck by that, because]
he would be surprised if forcible feeding wa
carried, on in presence of other prisoners, and
Mr. Healy had fairly and frankly admitted
that they clearly could n<it give legal evi­
dence on the question. But, on the other
hand, there was the first and substantial
ground, and as to which he was not in a
situation to pronounce an opinion, nor would
it be his duty t» do so. His lordship knew
nothing of the action taken by counsel, but
in face of the allegations made in the affi­
davit it was impossible for him to refuse the
application.
The Duty of Coroner and J u r y .
He must trust to the experience and knowedge of the Coroner to determine how far the
evidence of any or all of these witnesses was
relevant or necessary. He desired to point
out that the purpose of the inquiry by the
Coroner and jury V a s to find out the' cause of
death—nothing more, nothing less. It was
open in investigations of this ki.id to the
Coroner's jury to go further in endeavouring
to ascertain whether blame attaches to anv or
more persons, and also if they think lit to
apportion the measure of that blame. In the
majority of cases the
Coroners and juries
rather avoided such a course, and preferred
to bring in an open verdict. His Lordship
thought, baving'regard to the fact that the
machinery of the Court was not the best for
the ascertainment of that kind to which he
had alluded, it was wise and prudent to con­
fine the finding to an open verdict. Whether
this case required a different issue was not
for him to say—it
was
entirely for
the
Coroner
and
the
jury.
His
lordship was quite certain that, the Coroner,
with his experience, would take care in the
inv, l - a t i o n to see that it proceeded on those
lines, so as to ensure that no unfair or un­
just imputation which the facts of the case
i did not authorise will be Cast on any man.
I He could conceive no greater injustice or a
more cruel wrong being inflicted on any memi ber of the community if, at proceedings of
{this kind, where a roan may not have a
proper^ opportunity of defending himself,
aspersions are cast upon him that might
ruin him professionally. I n this case the
Coroner and the jury had been engaged —
he did not say at too considerable length—
a considerable time, however, had elapsed,
;-.nd he thought that, in the interests of public
peace, it was eminentlv desirable that
it should be brought to a conclusion as
"\ eedily as possible consistently with the
duty which the coroner and the jury have to
perform. I grant the application.
1
Prisoners to be in Court To-mdrrow.
Mr. Healy—Will you lordship give direc­
tions to have the writs made out imme­
diately.
Lord Chief Justice—When does the inquiry
resume ?
Mr. Healy—To-morrow.
Lord Chief Justice—There is no difficulty
in the writs for the attendance of the pri­
soners named being issued to-day and their
attendance ensured to-morrow morning.
12a
FOUR PRISONERS
Present to Give Evidence
MR. HANNA B A C K
AGAIN
f
The Thomas Ashe inquest, as it has now
come to be known, was resumed to-day in the
City Morgue at 11.30 o'clock by Dr. Louij
Byrne, City Coroner, and the sixteen
Of whom Mr. M'Intyre is foreman.
The dramatic incident of the !..-: day's sit
ting, when Mr. Henry Hanna, K . C . conns, 1
retained on behMf of the prison authorities:,
left the court with his witnesses' as a protest
against demonstrations on the part of the
" gallery," and the fact that yesterday the
Lurd Chief Justice, sitting as Vacation Judge,
granted an application for the attendance of
lour Sinn Fein pi is..ner.. at present in Mountjo- Jail as witnesses at the inquest, lent ad
'•'OWpmf Vjtisjilisio ijw.
These four prisoners, whose it::sues are:
JOSEPH M a c O O N A G H ,
AUSTIN STACK,
F I N I A N L Y N C H , and
PHILIP MaoMAHQN,
tre being produced to prove, as stated by Mr.
1. M. Healy, K . C , M.\t\, at the High Court
proceedings yesterday, " that the allegations
of the Deputy-Governor (of Mountoy 1'rison)
against Thos. Ashe are unfounded," the allegation also being made by counsel that more
than one of them would be able to show "that
the forcible feeding applied by tho doctor
under whose hands tho deceased collapsed
immediately after being fed, was
petently nid brutally administered
THE
JURY.
The names of the Jurv are as follows :—
OWEN M ' I N T Y R E
(lorem a n ) , 40. S t . P a t r i c k s
road, d o r k .
JOHN
ROBINSON,
1
Lindsay
terrace,
pro­
vision m e r c h a n t .
WM.
S
GRAHAM.
311
North
Circular
road,
builder and contractor.
J A M E S H i f i i ' t t . 21 S t
A n n e ' s road,' p r o v i s i o n
merchant.
BENJAMIN
SALLS H I R E . 3 B o t a n i c road,
gentleman.
SAMUEL
Lindsay
man.
G E O R G E S.
Phibsboro
dler.
A L E X R . C O C H R A N E . 323
a n a <3S N o r t h C i r c u l a r
r o a d , b j i l d e r a n d con­
tractor.
1
W O O D S , 10S
road, chan­
| . H ' G U I N N E S S , ?.S Phibs­
boro'
road,
provision
merchant
THOS. SMITH,
rose
street,
morch&nt.
100 P r i m ­
provision
J O H N C O Y N E . 41 U p p e r
Dorset street, provision
merchant.
J A M E S C A E E Y , I Uppor
Dorset
street,
news­
agent.
WALTON,
11
road,
gentle­
W M . H . T U R L E Y . 10 U p .
Dorset street, p u b i i c a n .
THOS. WALSH,
Dorset street,
merchant.
S3 U p p e r
prevision
MICHAEL
M'GUIHE,
II
Phibsboro
read, publi­
can
MICHAEL
BOLGER,
(8
Phibsboro' r o a d , p r o v i ­
sion m e r c h a n t .
From nine o'clock onward people began to
Assemble at the Morgue in the hope of se­
curing admission to the inquest. As the di­
mensions of the crowd increased a police
cordon was drawn across the road some dis­
tance from the Morgue, and none except wit­
nesses and ticket-holders were allowed to
pass into the building. There was a Inr
police force on duty all the time.
A great deal of interest was centered in
the arrival of the prisoners frjusn Mountjoy,
who are to give evidence at the inquest to­
day. Accompanied by police aud prison war­
ders, Austin Stack, Joseph MacDonagh, Finian Lynch aud I'hilip Al'Mahon- reached the
Morgue by taxi, shortly after 10.30 o'clock.
The thoiouglifare was crowded at the time,
And their arrival was the signal for touu
Cheers, which were renewed many times as
Ike prisoners alighted.from the cars and
massed into the Morgue.
130
M
H
R
r
Contrary to expectations, M r . Henry
Hanna, K . C , made his appearance, and took
his accustomed seat at the table reserved for
the iegal gentlemen.
All his witnesses also
p u t i n an appearance.
.The Sinn bent prisoners had arrivsd at the
Morgue ometime before 11 o'clock, and were
acfcc.nmodatcd w i t h ' a room in tho building
u n t i l the inquiry was resumed.
When M r . T. M. H e a l y , - K . C , M . P . , who,
with Mr. Dixon (instructed by Mr. Duggan),
appearing for the next-of-kin, came mio
court at 11.25 o'clock, he shook hands with
Mr. Hanna. and greeted him with: "'Welcome,
l i t t i e stranger."
The attendant* i n court by this time was
Tery large, and the seating accommodation
was fully occupied, among those present
being Miss Ashe (sister of deceased), and the
Countess Markievicz.
D r . ' W y n n e , who appears for M r ; Douglas,
Secretary of the Prisons Board, and also i n ­
structs Mr. Hanna for the prison authorities,
was also present.
I t was 11.45 o'clock when the Coroner,
•who was accompanied by the L o r d M a y o r ,
took his seat on the Bench.
The members of
the j u r y immediately filed into court from
their room and their names were formally I
called over and answered.
When the court was constituted the L o r d
Mayor volunteered a statement, which was j
i n effect that Mr. Ashe told h i m he could
assign no reason why his bed and bedding and '
boots were taken from h i m .
The deceased, said the L o r d Mayor, aiso
t o l d h i m that no glass was broken in his cell
w i n d o w , 'rand the only piece of f u r n i t u r e in
the tell was a hat rack.
<s
" I 3ay it now." ho continued amid some
sensation in court, "and I say it advisedly
that the case put forward fur the Prison
Authorities against Thomas Ashe is as false
as hell itself I say that the ca38 was deli­
berately concocted by the Prison Board to
escape the guilt of wilful murder which lies
at their doors.''
Counsel then proceeded to deal with t/ut
evidence given, and while epeaking Count
Plunktt arived and took a scat next the
Coroner's Clerk.
Before the adjournment for luncheon Mr.
Healy proceeded to whitewash the Govern­
ment, Dublin Castle, Toryism and Unionism;
and did his best to vindicate " the old gang."
T H E LORD
MAYOR
Important Addition to his
Evidence
CONVERSATION W I T H
MR.
I
Prisons Board ond the Prison Officials.
Dr. Dowdall, the- Prison Doctor, was .re­
examined by Mr. Healy, and on the latter
•putting a puestion as to whether there- was
» difference of opinion . between the Prisons
Board and prison officials as <o the system of
artificial feeding, Mr. Hanna objected.
" I yield." replied Mr. Healy. " I am
most anxious to correspond with my friend's
wishes," a remark \ which caused
slight
laughter amongst tbeNaudienee.
The witness was closely examined by Mr.
Healy as to Dr. Eugar Fk'nn's visits to the
prison during the period of the artificial feed­
ing/and said he had not seen Dr. Flinn, or
been instructed by him on the subject.
The Feeding Pump.
Dr. Dowdall was not aware that the pump
used in artificial feeding at Mountjoy was [
considered obsolete in lunatic asylums.
At the sitting of the coifrt,
The Foreman, addressing Mr. Hanna, said
that he had made certain arrangements by
which only the seating accommodation in
court would be occupied so that the business
would be facilitateo
V
Dr. Byrne then mentioned that the Lord
Mayor would like to say a few words in ad­
dition to what he had already stated.
\ The Lord Mayor, giving evidence, said they
would remember in the evidence which he had
already given he dealt with the situation as it;
arose when the cell of Mr. Ashe was visited
by himself, in company with S;r John Irwin,
tho Deputy-Governor (Mr. Boland), two
warders, and the Chief Warder, Mr. Ryan.
" If you' remember,''
continued the .Lord
Mayor, "in .my. evidence 1 stated that 1 had
a conversation with the iate Mr. Ashe. I a:j
not going to repeat anything that has been
stated already, but 1 asked Mr. Ashe when b»*
pointed out to me that his bed and bedding
had been taken from him arid when he told j
me that four warders had forcibly taken the
boots oil his feet—I asked him could be assign
any reason as to why this treatment was metee
oat oo him. In the pie.ience of the gentlemen
named he told me he could assign no reason
whatever. He pointed out that no glass was
broken in his cell window.
He mentioned
that he had noUinterfered with hiB furniture
in any way; ' in fact,' said be, 'you can see
for yourself that the window is not broken."
The only piece of furtuture in the cell was
merely a hat-rack, which was not interfered
with.
f
CROSS-EXAMINATION.
distressing operation followed by
violent coughing, direct as the only
rt: -'Take him back to his cell
him down?' "
The witness answered—
attunes lie would not have
a lit of
medical
and lay
•ctmimn to his
"And it was only the mercy of God." qnes
tinned 'counsel, "that brought you into the
corridor and led to his being sent to hospi
tal"?
An affirmative answer
Dowdall.
i
was given
'
by Dr,
A D D R E S S TO T H E J U R Y .
Mr. Healy then commenced his address to
the jury on behalf of the next-of-kin. He i
pa;d.a tribute to both the Coroner and jury j
for their patience during the investigation.
"Every illegality," waid counsel, "which !
jrotight tin.- man t
death Was the .ille.
"alitv of Mr. Max
Reports of Prison Board.
M r . Healy said he wanted to point out how
matters stood.
Evidence bad been put, which
could not be recalled.
M r . Hanna i n his
statement made some reference to the reports
of the Prison Board, and then he put in the
Visiting Justices book, containing the de­
mands of L i d d y .
T h a t had gone before the
j u r y , and i t could not be recalled. ' He was
endeavouring to obey the Lord Chief Justice's
ruling as strictly as he could* but i t was in­
evitable that some reference would be made
to the other prisoners.
W i t h regard to the
reports of the Prison Board, the moment the
Prisons Board official, M r . Douglass, was
called, objection was taken by Dr. Wynnerto
any document being produced, although M r .
Hanna had i t opened to the j u r y .
M r . Hanna asked what document was i t .
He did not think there was any.
ASHE
1
Mr Healy then submitted the names of seve­
ral warders whom He desired in attendance at
the inquest for examination and Mr. Hanna
said the request would bo complied with .
M r . H e a l y — I t is not an objection.
M r . Hanna said in consequence of M r .
Healy's statement, he had gone carefully
through the report in the Press of ihis in',
quiry and he thought i t was entirely ah error
for
Mr.
Healy
to.
suggest
that
he introduced all
the prisoners.
How
ever, i f M r . Healy and he were upon agree­
ment, and apparently the Coroner agreed w i t h
the Lord Chief Justice, that they should con­
fine themselves to M r . Ashe, i t would make
things much smoother.
Cross-examined by Mr. Hanna—On what
day, Lord Mayor, was that interview'( That
was on Saturday about 12 o'clock.
Was he making a complaiet abont it? No,
but I asked him could he assign any reason
why his bed and bedding. ;aid bootr bad beer,
taken from him.
I might explain that 1
took the same precaution with all the ntker
prisoners that I bad examined. .
And you asked each of the whole forty ?
Mr. Henh—Mr. Coroner, with great deferonce, T would call your attention, eapeciaily
after the judgment of the Lord Chief Justice,
that it is Mr. Hanna and not I who is going
into this.
,
.. . _ .
Mr. Hanna—J. beg your pardon, it is not..
The Lord Mayor volunteers the evidence that
!ho asked everyone of the other prisoners
the same question.
The Lord Mayor—H you will allow me,
those whom I visited.
J.W .
Mf. Hanna—Iu deference to Mr. Healy s
rction
•
SOMETHING ALARMING
Lord Mayor—May I explain that I did not
state at any time, nor d i d ' I state now t h a t
I interviewed the forty prisoners.
In-inter­
viewed five other prisoners, and I am pre­
wired to give evidence as to the five, i f you
wish i t , and i t may be something alarming.
The Board's Warning.
M r . Healy referring to the report of the
Iri>h Times, " which, he said would be one
more favourable to M r . Hanna, i t stated that
' M r . Boland warned him (xVshe) against dis­
obeying the Regulations, and then brought- the
matter before the Prisons Board." ft then
went on to say that "The statement of Ashe
was put before the Prisons Boardsand the
reply which (ho Deputy-Governor re.ee
was!" W a r n the prisoner of the necessary o
sequences of his persisting in disobeying, jie
prison reies... Should he still persist in defy­
ing the prison rules, he will be dealt wtfh i n
the prescribed manner."
When M r . Hanna
was absent Mr. Max Greene sent in a docu­
ment claiming privilege for these documents.
Mr. Humia said that Mr. Healy wa? dot
correct.
Mr. Boland*rend that statement
out from a minute, which he had.
Mr. Healy said that he did not remember
any such incidont, and be did not think the
deposition would bear it out.
M n Hanna now produced the document.
Mr. Healy said that was the first time he
it.
i t was signed by Mr. Max Green,
dated the 12/9/17. and communicated to the
prison on the 13/9/'17.; •..-'-•'•
JfHu&*V-.^vi
V'r H.nuui (in Witness)--YVm a*ked'sneri1
Lord Mayor— I astcod him had he atiy'com­
plaint to make about the officials who were
dealing with him immediately—he said dis
liiictly, " N o . "
i;a .;
. ' fV/vi. v
Did you obserVe the clippers in the cell ?
I.did.
Mr. Healy—Did you know that the slippers
were served to the prisoners, but did not fit
them? 1 remember Mr. Ashe making the re
mark that " when the boots were taken off
his feet they gave, me theseTappers," point­
ing to thorn m the corner oi bis cell, " but
I won't wear thorn."
The Deputy-Governor was aware when he
gave his evidence here that Ashe asked what
had lie done to deserve hi<s punishment and
asked the reason of it? Well, he was stand­
ing
by.
r v,
.
, ....
^
, "'""--V'".
Did the Deputy Governor make any reply
jbt explanation ? . j S e i . ,
, ' .\'/^v>p-JE
Witness added that there was oo furniture
in the cell, and no sanitary accommodation.
v
v
Warders as Witnesses.
Mr. Banna said the Coroner had asked him
if it would he possible to give the names of
the warders within whoso jurisdiction the de­
ceased had be«i within certain days and he
had the names of fifteen warders who had
been on duty there—they were not actually
in charge of Ashe, but Were on duty indis­
criminately;
M r . Mealy remarked that' he did not think
he would trouble M r . Hanna on that matter
now, as they had t h e other prisoners present.
He would, however, ask to have Warder
McManus recalled and he would ash also t h a t
M r . Douglas should produce t h e ^ i m j i e that,
bad been referred to. Further, he wished
to have Chief Warder Ryan as a witness.
Mr. Hanna explained that as the Governor
and the Deputy-Governo" were absent from
the prison there would be a difficulty about
Chief Warder Ryan's immediate attendance,
but he could be produced to-morrow.
Mr. Healy subsequently intimated that in
order to shorten the inquiry he would dis­
pense with Chief Wander Ryan, but he would
ask for the production of a warder named
Berry.
DOCTOR
DOWDALL
Cross E x a m i n e d on
Forcible Feeding
PRISON BOARD'S
ORDERS
Dr. Dowdall was then recalled, and, ques­
tioned by M r . Healy as to who fed M r . Ashe
on the Monday, witness replied t h a t he
thought i t was Dr. Cooke.
Was he bound on the Monday as on the
Tuesday ? I was not present, but I have no
doubt the straps were loosely put on.
M r . H e a l y — I put i t to you t h a t i n connec
tion w i t h the feeding on the Saturday D r .
Edgar F l i n n protested that i t should not be
continued ? N o t to my knowledge.
Was the fact of the feeding reported to D r
Vdgar Flinn? D r . F l i n n visited the prison
'ii the Saturday; I do not flunk I was present
ut the time.
*. ;
Who would be the doctor who would report
to Dr. Edgar Flinn t h a t the forcible feeding
had commenced ? I reported t h a t the a r t i
fioial feeding had commenced. Witness added
that Dr. Knisella was i n the prison, and
m i g h t have been there at the time Dr. Edgar
Flinn was in the prison.
I suggest t h a t on Saturday, 22nd, D r .
Flinn visited the prison ? 1 have no recol
lection of i t , but I recollect h i m on Satur­
day, 29th.
Do you know t h a t there is a minute on the
question of mechanical feeding?
M r . Hanna objected and the question was
not pressed.
M r . Healy (to witness}—You made a minute
that you proposed to feed them artificially :
did D r . F l i n n visit the prison on the Thurs­
day, Friday, or Saturday? I have no recollec­
tion, b u t that would be in the gate book.
Did Not Consult D r . F l i n n .
I suggest that in reference t i this great ad­
venture of forcibly feeding forty men, you
consulted the
medical
doctor of
the
Prisons Board? N o t t o my recollection.
Were the Prisons Board i n blank ignorance
of this transaction? Certainly n o t ; my journal
woujd show y»ttt.
Having regard to the minute made at tintime t h a t Sir Christopher Nixon and Sir Thos
Mvles made a protest against forcible feeding
of the ladies, I put i t to you t h a t Dr. Edgsv
Flinn warned you as to this course? N o ; i two cases on the 29th there was a direction,
that this feeding was not to be proceeded w i t h . . .
T h a t was initialled by Dr. Edgar F l i n n .
The other point t want to bring out is-jrj
did you discuss w i t h Dr. Edgar F l i n n
thm
nature of the mechanical apparatus to be
used, whether*!* was to be a pump of a fun­
nel
Do you know'that in lunatic asylums an#
other institutions the pump is regarded as a*
obsolete and dangerous instrument? 1
not.
• T o other questions the doctor replied th;;t
there were two pumps on the 20th Sept em
ber, and he himself procured two, so that
there were fotrr pumps to be used on f o r i '
prisoners.
Services cf D r . Lowe.
I n regard to the services of Dr. Lowe, Mrv
Healy asked Dr. Dowdall if i t were not t
the fact th:.t he had been met by the warders
accidentally when Icing taken to his cell aft :
being fed that he would have been removed
directly to hi.-* cell in a fainting condition, twj
which Dr. Dowdall replied that Ashe wa
certainly in a very weak condition. \
Would
any practised doctor, asked Mr!
Healy, seeing the mane lips go blue and viol
ienily coughing, send that man back to his
cell without medical attention ?
Witness—I was not there when he was fed.
Mr. Healy repeated the question in this/
form—Would any skilful practitioner, seeing
the patient's lips go blue, and affected wittA
a violent fit of coughing, send that man back
to his cell without medical attention''.
Mr. Hanna—These are not the facts.
Witness—1 did not see that.
I was nor
present when he was fed. When I saw Ashe
he was very weak, and when I saw him
shortly afterwards in the hospital his lips
were slightly blue, and aiso his hands.
A
1
:
What Witness Would Have Dons.
Mr. Healy—That makes the matter worse. ,
The question
was again repeated, and Dr. j
DI-.ov.dall replied—T should Jiet have sent
him back to the cell.
j
Mr. H^aly—Therefore, it was only the
mercy of God that brought you there in the j
corridor by accident and led to his being'
sent to hospital? Yes. that is the truth. '
Re-examined by Mr. Hnnna—Would it be !
the duty-of the warders if they took a man
back to the cell in a weak condition to report j
the fact to you ? Certainly.
^
COUNSEL'S
ADDRESS
Authorities .Charged with
Murder
"THE
HOME
O F CRIME"
Mr. Healy then addressed the jury on be
half of the next-of-kin. He wished first to
thank them
very sincerely whatever their
views irfight be for the great care and atten
tion and patience they had displayed in the
bos for so many days. He wished also to
thank the Cormier himself for the great care
which he had'"shown. Perhaps it was u.i
usual, speaking for- the 'next-of-kin, to ex
press these sentiments j at the same time the
circumstance* were so tragic and the inquiry
had been so prolonged that he felt neither
the Coiuner nor the jury would think him
not wanting in expressing to them his senti­
ments of thankfulness for the patience with,
which they had conducted that inquiry.
"We are,"' said counsel, "investigating a
death of a very unusual kind, the death of a
very unusual man, a death so tragic and a
man so remarkable that as we know his pooi
coffin was followed
to
the
grave
by
some
70.000
or
80,000
of
their
fellow citizens;
and
therefore
if-needs
no words of mine to in
any
way to
attempt to inflate or exaggerate the import­
ance of the occasion and the grave nature of
the finding which 1 think your verdict should
summarise." There were two ways of look­
ing at every fact in life, especially facts in
'controversy.
N o t a W o r d of Regret.
A t the outset of the case, when they had
only been sitt.ng for the second day, his
learned friend (Mr. Hanna)
presented
the
facts from the point of view of ihe prison
authorities, and, on his .nstructions, he
uttered not one single word of regret for the
conduct of those who brought Thomas Ashe
u> his grave in Glasnevin—he let/fall no word
of explanation on any of the appalling Series
of illegalities and revolting cruelties w i t h
which he was treated; and the whole attitude
which he took up on his instructions might
be summed up in one word, one phrase of his
which'' he (Mr. Healy) might take for his
text—" I f he felt the cold he was himself to
blame for i t . " There was where his learned
friend and he took absolute issue together
for. " 1 say," said M r . Healy, " that Thomas
Ashe was brought to n s death by illegality,
eOBfessed',
admitted,
proclaimed, almost
boasfied ot, and now enshrined in that docu­
ment which the Coroner has, and which at
the last moment, in spite of the claim of
privilege the Deputy Governor was obliged to
disgorge over this morning.
;
" The Death Warrant of Thomas Ashe."
This document (which counsel held aloft in
his hand) is the death warrant of Thomas
Ashe, concocted in i l l e g a l i t y ; framed w i t h
malignity, and
couched in
callousness,
wrenched and forced from those who framed
it—from the President of the Prisons Board,
who claimed privilege for every document
bearing on the death of Thomas Ashe." W h a t
was the case made ? "The case made was t h a t
the deceased was a suicide, that he was the
architect of his own misfortunes, t h a t he was
treated w i t h absolute legality i n the prison,
and that everything flowed from his own mis­
conduct, from his own lawlessness and from
his own breach of the prison rules. W h a t
were the facts? That from start to finish ex­
cept the refusal to work, for which he was
punished, and for which the sentence of
punishment was in the punishment book, a
sentence merely of deprivation of mark* and
instruction books—every
illegality
which
brought this man to his d e a t h , w a s the i l ­
legality
of
Mr.
Max
Green
and
f the
Deputy Governor,
his
instrument, i
\ And
the ' account
presented
to
the
• public and to the jury by M r . Henna, who,
•, of course, was as ignorant as he was of these
{facts until t i n y were la
iy drapped out by
the pincers of" cross-examination the case
, made to them wa« that Ashe and his friends J
J turned this pi iron into a pandemonium, that
they broke the prison furniture, that he (de­
ceased) broke the glass in his windows, that
j he broke the spyhole of his door, and that
Ashe having wrecked his cell, wrecked the
furniture; that then as a necessary measure
j of precaution to save the Government the
! price of the blankets and the plank bed, the
j Deputy Governor, as an act of salvage and in
consequence of the disorder which culminated
; in the pnsjOn strike, removed^the furniture
I from the prison.
" As False as Hell Itself."
;
" l u t h a i case which my learned friend
presented on his instructions," proceeded
.counsel, " there is not one word, one shadow
• one tittle of foundation, and I say it now'
and 1 say it advisedly that the case put for­
ward for the Prison authorities against Thos.
pAshe is as false as hell itself. I say that the
i ase was deliberately concocted by the Prisons
•Boardto escape.the guilt of wilful murder
' v hk-li lies at their doors.
These .-. .
i>us statements. 1 will prove them and
| in proving them I wiii tear asunder and de*
• for the" Prisons Board."
The case had been
'.
.
all official allegation*. T i n dates in the
'were important. The death of Ashe was -ony
Tuesday, Sept. 25th. the last day o f his for j
cible feeding. The hunger strike began onj
hursday. 20th, and the hour it hogcu v as
i r ^ n i i e r hour. What had happened m the
irisptf on'that date according to-Mr. Hrmnr.?
in Sept. 11th who*
Mr. Hanna said tiie
jvmiuigation of 'he .e-oteuce began
_
C
nS
erati
n
W
h
e
n
t h e
h u n
e r
s
i s k i r t e d ".Now,
v
,he
° would be able
S to *nke
(started.
prove
it before the [
brought before the f
_ >aty, Mr. Behind.
tl«; paid he w«.uW
uo't Work or obey any order or rule relative j
•to crindra! prisoners, because, he did not con- ,
}
m
n d S
P
Board." There thev had it. counsel continued,
that the Pri«wi Board knew officially from
Ashe's
the Deputy -Governor on tl
Mfttence.began on tbe '11th I ptember that
Aclie ^aidft* was no criminal i d would obey
They had
no rule applicable to crimina
plenty of time to consider th< matter before
the htmeer-strike began.' Mi Healv read
,„.s from Mr. Hanna's address to
tho jury, which were m effevt that deceased
refused" to make mail bags aod Ulked con
tinuaJU
to
other
prisoners
and ' set
eho whole place at defiance.
Those tw<
irrugularities were punishable Irrecul.mtirj
He was brought in due course before tbe
Deputv Governor for rvfu.-itjor to work. On
"the I7th Septemberk ^
^ j ' " ^
^
lie h i d a b i i i j
mestion
_
punished
forfeit of
orks. On
sly charge
out bis punishment for
'ha was charged—uarnel
to work,
ither pun­
ishment, according to the GoVetnor, was ever
inicted upon him. No other charge was ever
made against him.
No opportunity was
given to him for answering any other charge*.
The Lord Mayor's Interposition.
erefore, whoi him, which
never in the
history of the prison system were they ever
before inflicted upon a prisoner—especially
MpOf a prisoner preliminary to forcible feeding
—never before in history were they inflicted,
and therefore an excuse had to be made on
oath for these barbarities. And then they
put the cart before the horse.
" The Death Warrant."
Then they invented the story of the smash- |
' ing of the glass, of the pandemonium, of the I
j tearing up of the prison clothing, and so on,
i and the rest of those foregoing precautious now
come
to
iight
by
the
document
which he called the death warrant. He was
not making any fancy case, he must quote
from Mr. Hanna. " Mr. Ashe was perfectly
civil to dr. Boland but he would not conform
to the regulations.
The whole matter wasi
t
r
n
r
k
e
^° 1f ? '
' :*35#
W 0 S
t h e
U i e
ed
f o r
, > , i s o n s
B o a r
d* 8 ' the,
Person from t h * /
U f i
as
fi
f r o m
a
k i , ,
Prisons Board that this illegality was carried
by. Wh( had they as their emissary there
to see that the Governor did not shirk the
cruelty. They despatched one of their acolytes
called Metcalfe. and Metcalfe came from Mr.
Max Green to see that the unfortunate De­
puty Governor did what he was illegally told .
to
do,
and
which
brought
them
there
at
an
inquest
io
consider
what brought Thomas Ashe to his grave}
Mr. Ashe was brought to his grave by the
order of Mr. Max Green, transmitted through
Metpalfe to the
Deputy-Governor of the
prison. Counsel then took the jury through
the various stages in the prison treatment of
tho deceased, who, he said, was dealt with
in the "prescribed manner." namely, in acrordance with the prison rules.
Council
n\ade reference to the document signed " J - J.
I.iddy, Clare Brigade. Irish Republican
Army," and said that although there was nc
evidence that Ashe had any knowledge of it.
that document was saddled on him. The al­
legations of damage to Government property
in the prison were next dealt wiib, and denied,
and counsel pointed out that Ashe and the
other prisoners who had done nothing except
refuse to work had already been punished for
that.
In face of this, however, five warders
came into the cell of Ashe, removed his bed,
bedding, and clothing.
(
They had the valuable interposition of the
Local Mavor that morning, for which he (Mr.
Healy) w*a.« quite unprepared. When he told
them on Saturday, after this hideous depriva­
tion had been inflicted on' him, he was found
in a naked cell, having lain there for two
days and two nights without bed, bedding, or
boot*. Rooked from want of sleep* and lying
ungrudgingly in his cell, he lifted himself up
in* the presence of the Chief Magistrate and
said, in the face of the Governor—" I don't
kuow what I have done to Reserve this."
What piteous words ! What did the DeputyGovernor say ? That was the time for lum to
have made hi" case. Ashe was still alive:
the earth of Olasnevin had not enclosed his
coffin. That was the time for him to say,
" You broke glass in the cell." He did not,
for the glass was unbroken—no more than he
I (Mr. Healy) could be charged for tho plans
; which was looking on the road outside. That
' was the time for him to have said, " You
I lore your comfortable blankets." That, was
' th,. time for him to have said, " You smashed
nihg plank-bed." JSo, he could not
it made no such case until he had
the Prisons' Board by his oath in
to d«box, which was all untrne- all untrue.
the
Asbe had been guilty, according to the prison
rules, wf refusing to work, and He was puwifhlfd far it, and he was undergoing his
y*2S=83 S
!^hartt n
1st of 0 ^ 1
V
*
the
(1st of October.
There was no thought of
>»"?er strike on the 20th Sept., and that
the whole business was precipitatedI by this
illegal order of the Prisons Board who re
Attack on M r . Max Green.
" I do not,*' Mr. Healy exclaimed, "make
i tho Governor resftonsible for that. I make Mr.
Max Green responsible. He broke the law." .
What hypocrisy it was in those who were
continually inviting us to look up in rever­
ence to British law. We are fondled, as it
were, by the sucMing mother of the British
Constitution. .And then the men who disregarded, outraged,
blasphemed, and at­
tacked the law were our hypocritical mentors
who sent Ashe to prison, and when he asked
for the benefit of the miserable protections
which the prison code afforded, the person
who directed their violation and that they
should be broken and spat upon was M L r .
Max Green, the head of the prison system
in Ireland. What was the law aa regards
these prisoners ? It was that not one man
of them could have inflicted upon him any
of the punishments for which Metcalfe bore
the missive to be inflicted upon Thomas
Ashe. The matter sotild have been brought
before the Visiting Justices, and evn they
had no power
to inflict the punishment
meted out to Ashe. The Prison Board had
no such power; he Lei lieutenant had no
such power, and even the .Competent Mili­
tary Authority had no such,-flawer. It would
requite :ui Act
'''^'jl^W'
^
the
Statute thr.t. the only s>>'t..tta
to which
1
u n
0
Home of Irish Cruelty.
were devised h i th"
Dublin /CafrUe, "and the
told to obev Dublin
law, and subject Ashe
a Mive hat
The d«
h •
the 'prison authorities was ordered to make
the false and perjured case presented here of,
first, the;.pandemonium, the wreckage of the
furniture, the bed and bedding; then, thei
Governor driven to interfere; and that allafter the prisoners had committed'illegalities!
and commenced a hunger strike, as it was]
stated, without provocation.
That was the
case presented by as scrupulous and as carcvj
ful a counsel as ever appeared before a juryJ
When the case of forcible feeding was being
dealt with by Mr. 'Hanna, he made the case
< tl: ti Ashe was neither restrained or strapped.
.On each occasion he was actually strapped or
j restrained. Dr. Lowe bore out Mr. Hanna.
but when he came the more candid wardei
I he tola them about the use of the straps
These instances were but parts of the false
hood coming from the prison reservoir
Evn m small details a false case was madeMr. l i a i u u made the case, " If he felt t-*.e
\cold he"~Waa himself to blame." Was there
a man amongst the jury asked Mr. Healy.
that be had not convinced that Ashe's,, bcu.
bedding, and boots had been illegally taken 1
away, that in addition h i should have, not j
a plank bed, but a mattress.
Dr. Kdgarf
Flinn had resigned the Prisons Board hi the I
middle of this inquiry.
:
The Suffragettes.
It was strange if he approved of these pro-j
cecdings after the evidence which Sir Thomas j
- Myles cave as to the minute which he and |
Sir Christopher Nixon wrote some five or six'
years ago when the Suffragettes made their
! historic and and successful protest.
ThcyJ
like Thomas Ashe, said they would not be
treated as criminals. They von their light,
and the result of their struggle is that, this
year six million women will be added to the
franchise roll
If they had remained in then
boudoirs, opening their variety bags, and
powdering their noses (laughter), the women
to-day would not havo got the vote. Whetherl
or not they approved or disapproved of\
the
Suffragettes
or
of
Sinn
Fein
proceedings the death of Thomas Ashe had
resulted in the men in prison who had not
been rendered corpses, getting concessions
W-htch Mr. Mas Green had sworn they would
never get. The history of this case wag the
history of Ireland—slander your victim, de­
nounce him, depict his as a law-breaker and
then when he has died either on the scaffold
or in prison, it is conceded that his demand*
are commonplace. Mr. Hanna had summed
up the case for the prison authorities by
saying that the doctor, knowing the condi­
tion to which the man had been reduced by
voluntary starvation, immediately took step*
t«, havo hirn removed to hospital, which was
done at 5 o'clock on the Tuesday afternoon;
that no reasonable man could blame the
prison officials; that the prisoners had set
the law at defiance, and that they had rmh
themselves to blame. Let me, added Mr.
Healy,* tell you the case which I shall present
as the reality as distinct from the falsehood
connected with the actions of Mr. Ashe.
The Battle of Ashbourne.
Counsel proceeded to give a sketch of the
career of Ashe, and mentioned that he was
recognised as a man of outstanding mental
lity. > He had been in the rebellion with a \
body of men which the police magnified to
SCO) he withstood an attack of something
like 90 or 100 policemen at Ashbourne an.
took police prisoners with all their guns and
O,G(JJ cartridges. In consequence of that the
Ititterest feeling was entertained against him
• y the authorities. With a sma.l hanuiul o.
men he had defeated forces more than twice
..is.number and had taken several police bar
racks, he had blown up the Great Northern
ilailway, and apparently was a man of very
ijold, daring and resourceful nature.
He
Thomas Ashe. Counsel^?Ferred *to the subsentient arrest of Mr. -Nshe as a result cf a
speech he delivered at Baitimilea, Co. Long­
ford,'in July hist, and was convicted before
a Courtmartial on the evidence of poiice
without any shorthand note i f the speech
being produced.
Counsel proceeded to deal
iit some length with the'legal aspect of the
{charge of sedition which was, hrc-ught ugainst
! Mr. Ashe, and pointed out that a person so
charged when conviotad was entitled to be
treat. 11
a !'• -t class misdemeanant.
The Prison Law.
, Preceedfdg?
counsel said- he had asked
Mr. DtiUgla* when a warrant cofitainhiLr the
sentence of a prisoner tried by court-martial
reached t i c prison authorities was it usual
t© refer the matter to the Prisons Board, and
he replied it was. that he had known it to be
done. The penal law, at, all events,
must
i-be construed strictly, and always against the
! Government and always intended in favour
of the subject. When the prisons-authori
ties were commanded in cases of sedition to
treat prisoners as first-class misdemeanants
the prison
authorities were bound so
to do, and he said that enhanced that enormity
which occurred here. As he had told them,
Mr. Ashe was a schoolmaster and an educated
man.
Those who were with him in the orison
were also men of education.
Mr. Joseph
McDonagh, whose name was mentioned, and
was a brother of the poor man who was shot
by Gemral Maxwell, was n Civil Servant; Mr.
Austin Stack was a legal gentleman, and there
was a number of other men of intelligence,
nd they knew the law. He believed, although I
he had not the opjtortunity nf probing it. that
Mr. Austin Stack, who was there on habeas
corpus,
was
the
real
leader .->ai
this
demand
for
treatment
as
j first class misdemeanants, and the case of the
prisoners was—"We are law-abiding; give
US ihe law; we demand, as Robert Emmet
said, our rights." That was their crime, and
it waj their only crime, and yet Mr. Ashe,
who Mas subjected to this abominable treat­
ment, was described in certain newspapers as
a suicide, a man who brought about his own
death, and soforth.
I'IIE GOVERNMENT DEFENDED.
Before I com to the next branch of my
argument, continued counsel, and tell you the
case which the prisoners made, and the way
in which they, were treated, I want to say one
word. I t is
being
pretended
on the
one side that Ashe was a suicide.
It
is being pretended in another quarter that he
was the victim of the old'gang in'Dublin
Castle, that he was the victim of Toryism
and Unionism. Nothing of the i«nd. He
was the victim of no Tory conspirator. He
waa the victim ol the new gang who had
taken the place—1 may almost say usurped
the the sceptre and the throne of the stern,
unkiending Tones.
He was the victim of
those who owed their position to the pollution
of political pwer, and I say, and I say it ad­
visedly, that the Try party as such, the
Orange
body
as such, the Conservative
Party as such, are no more responsible for the
death of Thomas Ashe than I am. If that
man has been persecuted and visited with
hunger and cold and suffering and depriva­
tion, his death lies not at the door of the
old gang in Dublin Castle, but at the door
of their incompetent
successors and replacers.
On resuming after the luncheon hour, Mr.
Healy, continuing his address, said in ap­
proaching the second branch of the case he
wanted to point out that the "jury were en­
titled to the fullest information which the
law afforded touching the death of any sub­
ject of his Majesty, not partial information, i
not partisan information, not political infor­
mation, 4jut they were entitled;to have every
fact bearing 0.1 the death of the deceased.
How was that met by those who were respon­
sible for Ashe's death. When they com­
menced the inquiry the next'of kin of Thomas
Ashe—his father, his brothers and sister—
were in absolute ignorance of how their re­
0
lative met his death. The law required that
in the case of a death under these conditions
that it shall be investigated upon the oaths
of lawful men. And on the day the inquiry
-started nobody but the Prison authorities, the
Prison officials, knew what brought that man
to his death. We did not, said counsel. Con­
sequently one would have expected, both
for public satisfaction and family alleviation,
that the Prison authorities would be frank
and candid, and in a plenary sense open as
to what act of theirs brought about this mis­
fortune.
Equally one would suppose some
expression
of
regret,
some
sign
or
desire
would
be
shown
on
the
part
of
those
responsible
to
atone for what happened.
If he and his
learned friend (Mr. Dixon) had not had some
acquaintance with prisoii rules the facts would
never have come forth. What was the course
they took ?
As soon as the Prisons Board
thought they were getting uncomfortably
nearer them they directed their secretary to
present the jury' with the minute of the 9th
October, 1917, which was signed by Mr. Max
S. Green and directed the secretary (Mr.
Douglas) not to produce at the inquest • cer- i
tain memos., letters and minutes of the P r i - !
sons Board.
Privilege.
That was done after Mr. Hanna had read
to them one of the minutes for which privi­
lege was claimed. He asked them what was
privilege 7 Where was the privilege to conceal these? Where was the privilege to con­
ceal responsibility ? Was it to be an inven­
tion of t h person impeached? Privilege is
claimed on behalf of his Majesty for some­
thing connected with his service. He respect­
fully thought, where death and life were called
in question, that no privilege could exist to
screen any official from the disclosure that
he was responsible for an illegal order. The
invention of this doctrine of privilege, in a
case like this, could not exist—at least, when
those claming privilege avail of it for thenpurpose, and the very minutes which they,
in other respects, sought to conceal. There
could not be such a hting as partial privilege
—a privilege whereby as much of the minutes
as
help
them
could
be
disclosed,
and
as much" of the minutes as hurt
them kept back seemed to him to be repug­
nant to commonsense.
They had an iron
shutter and an opaque screen let down on
what was going on in Mountjoy PYrison and
Dublin Castle and what was it that occurred
in connection with the death of this man.
After a long system of cross-examination and
now lay the arm.of the High Court itself, they
had succeeded in elucidating the facts and
throwing a little different light on this matter
than that given through the representatives
of the Prison office. . What were the facts.
Status of NofrCrtailnala,
'
Mr, Ashe and the other prisoners claimed
I -•» luxuries; they claimed no conveniences,
'but they were claiming a status—the status
of non-criminals, and it was thii cluftn for thai
'.status, evert if put under the harshest con­
dition of convicts. If a first-class misdemeanant was a person who was only fed once a day,
j and that the food was bread and water, they
J were claiming that status? because it was a
non-criminal statu*. I n other words, they
j only wanted to save' their characters from
] stain, to have their honour and honesty from |
| criminal contact. They said that they would i
i not mix with the burglars and the thieves, 1
land the other out-scourings and jail-birds ofi
j the City of Dublin.
They were not jaili birds, they were not pickpockets; they were
: honest men. They might have different views
j Q£ how Ireland should be governed. They
^ (the authorities) might think that every
shilling from this country should go across
to London and be spent there, but these men
thought that it should be spent at home.
They might think that their first duty was
to Russia, Serbia, or Montenegro, or the
Cannibal Islands, but these men thought
their
first
duty
was
to
their o*vn
land.
hat was the position they took up.
The prison authorities had that claim put for­
ward to them.
But he did not see how it
was brought in, in connection with Thomas
A«me.
tf<* said t rial he would, nut-dja.jyork
that criminals were called on to do. Thereby,
he would brand himself as a criminal and in
the recesses of his own heart, he would not
endure that humiliation.
e
1
Events Before the Trouble.
133
Counsel, in explaining various matters
which led up to the difficulties between the
prisoners and the authorities, said that a
Belfast prisoner named Samuel Hearn, who j
was sentenced for refusing to admit the police i
to a Gaelic concert, went on hunger strike in I
Belfast and was brought to Dublin. A little |
device to annoy the prisoners was adopted by
the Prison authorities namely that of chang­
ing the exercise hour. Hearn, on the after­
noon of Wednesday, rang his bell at the
usual hour, and demanded his exercise, but
the warders said he had already had exerciso at the changed hour. The origin of the
trouble was the contemptible little irritation
about the changing of the time of the exer­
cise. A t 10 o'clock on the Thursday morn­
ing something happened in the cells of these
men.
Mr. Metcalfe had been dispatched by
Mr. Max Green with peremptory instructions
to the Governor to assault the prisoners and
inflict punishments unknown in the history of
prison treatment.
That was done before a
whimper had occurred in the prison except
the report on the Wednesday for the after­
noon
exercise.
Being
deprived
of
ordinary
conveniences
in
their
cells
the
prisoners stamped
and
battered
on the floor and made noise to direct atten­
tion to their wrongs, but no attention was i
paid to them.
The treatment to which they ,
were-subected was a pre-conceived thing, done i
: before anything had occurred on the Thurs. day.
A t ten o'clock^ on the morning the
illegalities were committed by the prison
officials and it was only at a quarter to twelve
that the Visiting Justices met.
Mr. liealy
then made reference to the extract from the
visiting book of the 20th Septembe-. and
in reading from it
came to a passage
in which it was stated that the food was of the
usual good quality.
Some of the prisoners in court laughed at
this.
Special Set on M r . Ashe.
Mr. Healy went on to say that a special
' set was made on Mr. Ashe. The strategy of
I Mr. Max Green was this not to concede the
legal demands of the prisoners, to get the
criminal band removed from tbem, but to |
camble his cruelties against their pluck. The >
Prisons Board made up their minde that the \
prisoners' pluck could not withstand the
Board's cruelties, and they gambled for a vic­
tim. Counsel theu drew a striking picture uj
Ashe either lying or standing on the cold
floor of the cell in torture passing the miser
able watches of the Friday night. I t was not
(counsel continued) until the Saturday that
the Lord Mayor came unexpectedly like a
ministering angel. He came and Sir John
;
Irwin also came, and Ashe was found a
huddled wreck on the prison floor. ' There
was no damage done in his cell. He asked
why he was so treated, but the lips of the
Governor and Deputy-Governor were sealed.
Who sealed them? Mr. Max Green and the
Prisons Board. The Lord Mayor and Sir
John Irwin went to see Mr. Duke, and he
seemed to be sympathetic, and Sir JJryaur
Mahon, to whom they also went, seemed
sympathetic.
I t was not, however, until
about eight o'clock on Saturday night when
at least some human mind in Dublin Castle
prevailed over that of Mr. Max Green, that
the beds were, restored to the prisoners.
W A R D E R S F L O U R I S H I N G BATONS.
One of the men would tell them that
warders came to the cell flourishing batons.
It was said that Thomas Ashe did not resist.
Evidence would be given that he struggled so
much that he couldn't be fed—that he burst
his bonds which held him in the struggle;
has ear was wrenched and bleeding; they
thrust into his bloody nose an India rubber
tube, and then his coughing and struggles
overcame him, and he was sent back to the
basement punishment cells, and had to-lie on
the cold floor ui the cell from which he had
emerged.
On the Sunday morning, before
Mas* had begun, and after it had finished, he
spoke to some of the prisoners and inquired
with apprehension about this forcible feeding
with which he waa going to be innieted _and_l
J
134
with truth, in accordance with the light of
equity, that the race ai^d nation and people to j
whom j-ou belong may know that this man
WAS no suicide, that this man was the victim •
of injustice and illegality, and if you in your
wise conclusions find in accordance with the
facts, sad as was the death of Thos. Ashe, he
will at least have brought some measure of
appeasement to the country which hangs
upon your verdict. .
A t the conclusion of Mr. Healy's address
there was loud applause in court."
;
complained 01 tne cold and suffering that he
had endured on the Thursday and Friday
nights. AH these facts were known to the
Irish Government, who knew that the pri­
soners were fighting for a right to be treated,
as the law allowed, as first-class misdemean­
ants. They claimed a status different to the
band of a criminal. Mr. Max Green thought
he would break Ashe's spirit, but he
succeeded in breaking his heart. Counsel
proceeded to shy that Ashe was forcibly fed
after being three days without food and two
nights without sleep, and without a chair or
a stool to sit on. Mr. Max Green was satis­
fied that he would quell and overcome the
demand of these gallant 40 men. He (coun­
sel) asked the jury to draw this conclusion—
that apparently Dr. Dowdall pot rather tired
of the dirty work, for on the Monday he
called in Dr. Cooke, of whom counsel said t h
prisoners spoke with kindness for his treat­
ment He (Mr. Healy) thought it would bo
admffted that in ordinary practice doctors do
not now apply t h stomach pump to prisoners
! or patients.
On Tuesday Dr. Lowe was
I brought in. It was said that he (counsel) had
' been severe on him, but he did not wish to be
; severe on anybody. These men were entitled
to competent doctoring, supposing there was
no other resource except the application of
the stomach pump. Counsel then referred to
the passing of the Cat and Mouse Act, attd
' asked why it had not been applied in Mountjoy. Why, ho asked, was a different course
[take* in regard to Thomas Ashe, of Ash' humne. in the County of Meath ? The anI swer is—Because he was Thomas Ashe, of
Ashbourne, in the County of Meath.
„
The Forcible Feeding.
Was the deceased, counsel asked, a proper
subject for the treatment he received'on the |
day of his torture ? Did they suppose that <
'
the operator wa* a competent operator ? ;
They were not told much about him, but he
(the operator) himself stated that he was
engaged at five guineas a week to do this
job. The doctor sent round to the hospitals
B T P u b l i n to find out what butchers they
Icould get for the dirty work nt five guineas
a week. They were able to man four pumps
with four doctors—a doctor per pump. Dr.
[Lowe stated no constraint was used in refgard to Thomas Ashe, and he understood
Warder Watters indicated the same thing.
It
was
only
on
Thursday last that
'the
w.irder
who brought the deceased
[from
his
cell
upstairs told the jury
that he was bound, and that morning Dr.
I Dowdall admitted that both Sunday and Mon­
day he was similarly manacled.
e
e
Mr. Max Green as Witness.
Mr. Healy added that he would be able to
present the whole of his witnesses to-morrow,
and suggested that as it was ust 4 o clo^x,
that they should adjourn until to-morrow.
The Coroner said that he would have to
attend at the Richmond Hospital in the morn­
ing.
The Jury agreed that the inquest should be
adjourned and resumed to-morow at 2.30
o'clocjc?
Mr. Healy applied for a summons for the
attendance of Mr. Max Green.
The Coroner granted the rei mst.
Mr. Healy concluded his address at 3.50,
and
"
•;
i
The inquiry adjourned until 2.30 o'clock
1
1
1
WLen the court was constituted,
Warder McManus, Mountjoy Prison, was
recalled, and examined by Mr. Healy. He
stated that o n Thursday last he left the
C o u r t before his
was finished,
on the instructions of Mr. Banna.
T h e last answer i n your deposition states
1<—'•' 1 saw Dr. Kinsella forcibly feeding a
? prisoner. He was not there until after the
515th September." Now, are you sure that
, is correct?—Yes, sir.
L Had Dr. Lowe then left?—Well. I could^not say.
L Then it was after the death of Mr. Ashe
that Dr. Kinsella was introduced to feed
prisoners?—Yes.
Mr. Healy then brought the witness to
the Tuesday when Mr. Ashe was fed for
the last time, and asked him had he since
Thursday last been speaking to anyone
about what happened on that day.
"To none of my authorities," replied the
witness.
I accept your statement. Sou told us
Mr. Ashe
COUGHED V I O L E N T L Y
when the fube was placed in his throat?—
f
;
Yes.
How .long would you say that coughing
continued?—A minute or two.
Was he strapped hands and legs
s t the time?—Yes.
Was he *n a state of perspiration?—
Well I do not think so, as far as I recolect.
What rest was he given before the tube
vas put down for the second time?—Soon
lfter he stopped coughing.
Did he say anything?—He made
some remark aboi t the tube being
p u t down the wrong passage, or
something to t h a t effect.
Can you recall his exact words?—I could
sot.
When he told the doctor he had
put the tube down the wrong .
passage, what did Dr Lowe say?—
He said i t was impossible, no such
thing.
He contradicted t h e patient?—
Yes.
Did Mr. Ashe reply to that contradicWon?—No, I do not think so.
He was still bound ?—Yes.
;
The National Spirit of Ireland.
\fter describing the treatment that the dereased had received and which he stated led
to hi- death, Counsel asked by what chrono­
meter, or thermometer or barometer, did the
Government measure the National spirit of
, Ireland? - " W h y , " he asked, "should Max
Green try to do in the case of these forty men
[what Cromwell, in his day, failed tp do in the
j case- of their ancestors, and why should he
I seek to do it by the mean and contemptible
i devices which have been revealed in this case.
LX%}><-_havfr., adijed iULothaj;.,blor*l .spot
i t<v the Irish Calvary; they have added
bloody footprint on the road on which Irish
martyrs have trodden. Have they gained
by it? No. Other nations, not merely our
own, will read with honor, and will set it
to the account to which it should properly
belong—this terrible story of the death, of
Thomas Ashe. Other nations will read of it,
and when they read it i?i times long yet to
come they will be enheartened, and perhaps
in their distress consoled by the story of the
uncomplaining
martyrdom of this humble
schoolmaster. Schoolmaster! He has given
U3 all a liberal education in how to endure
discomfort,
suffering, sleeplessness, pain,
and sorrow, and to endure them uncom­
plainingly
and without a murmur. Even •
those who inflicted the tortnre upon hiin
must
admit
he
made
no
reproach
But you whose function is to appraise the
blame as to how this man met his untimely
end, it is for you to so frame your verdict
in accordance with the facts, i n accordance
THE
HANDS STRAPPED
W a r d e r ' s D e s c r i p t i o n of
Feeding Operation
H a d any pumping taken place at the I
irst time he inserted the tube?—No.
|
When the patient got the tnbe i n h r C j
the second time was he able to eplak ?—!
X cannot say
And he could make no signals with his;
hands?—He could.
I thought you said they were strapped ?—
Y e s , but he could raise thorn uf.
Where were you standing in reference to
the patient—could yob see his face?—Yes.
Did you see his lips go blue?—No, sir.
Did you see his hand* go bluer—Nc
Who spoke first when the tube was re­
moved for the second time?—I think it
•as-he.
What did he eay?—He said he felt verv
weak.
I s that alt?—That is all as far as I can
recollect.
Had there been anything put into his
mouth except the tube?—No.
You say you heard him say he was very
weak. Ho said nothing etsef—No.
Did he cough?—He
vomited
slightly
some of the food.
After the vomiting did the eough return?
r-I think not, sir.
Was it after he vomited he said-he felt
m y weak?—Yes.
Did Dr. Lowe do anything for him?—No.
Did you unbind him theaP—Yes
W a s it afte\ he vomited he was un­
bound ?—Yes.
I want to put it tx you, said counsel,
that the poor fellow to explain the vomit­
ing he made a remark. Think about it?—
As far as 1 can recollect the only thing
he said is what I have told you.
Did He say he vomited because
the f i c d h i d gone the wrong
way?—No, he did not use "these
words.
Or that he was afraid the food;had goi
into his lungs?—No
You never said t<, anybody he used those
o r d s ? - N o t to my kn v> ledge; I did . ot
y it.
Why were yon in su^n a h u w r - w leave
) the chair on Thursday?—1^ » # t ^ ' " "
NOT
I N (•
HURRY.
Why did you leave the chair at all when
1 was approaching this question P—I ashed
: Mr. Hanna, who was gomg out the door,
j would I leave.
Further questioned by Mr. Healy, he
said that Dr Dowdall took a 'statement
from bim, or took notes, on the evening
Mr. Ashe died, and no f u r t h e r statement
was taken except what ho gave to counsel.
Warder P. J . Berry, in answer to M*.
Healy, said he was a warder over Mr. Ashe
on the Sunday when he was first fed by
Dr.
Dowdall.
No statement had beeu
taken from him as to the evidence he
would give at the inquest.
THE FRENCH
REVOLUTION
W h a t A s h e S a i d In D r .
D o w d a l l s Room
Witness further said that he had made
no statement to anyone regarding the
death of Mr. Ashe. He btxradR>'Mr. Ashe
from his cell to Dr. Dowdalls, operating
room on the Sunday morning,,assisted by
Warder Hurley, 'ihey were fiothv present
when Dx. Dowdall fed Mr. Ashe that m o r n ­
ing
I n D r . Dowdall's room Ashe was the*
first to speak. That was when he wasi
bound.
'
What did he say?—He made re­
ference to the French Revolution
and to the guillotine, and asked
where was the executioner.
Was he conveying t h a t he was
being treated like a prisoner during
the French Revolution?—I think so.
He further said t h a t there were
three
warders present—Waiters,
Hurley, and witness.
What did Dr. Dowdall say?—He
said, "Ashe. I want to speak to you
as a sensible man."
What d i d Ashe reply?—Ashe re­
plied, "How can I speak to you
when you have me in this posi­
tion."
What, then, d i d Dr. feoyvdall say?
T-He said he would hate the straps
removed if Ashe wouljj partake of
food, but otherwise he had no
choice in the matter.
What did Ashe r e p l y f ^ H c said
he was sorry to see a doctor reduc­
ing a noble profession to the level
of an executioner.
Did the doctor answer?—No; he asked
him whether be would like to be artifici­
al]^J e d ^
" Whether he would rather be roasted
or boiled," interjected Mr. Healy.
"THE EXECUTIONER"
Warder's Account of What A s h e
Said
Replying to other questions, witness said
Dr. Dowdali told Ashe it would be easier
for himself to ha"e the feeding tube
through the month than through the nose,
and Ashe said he would have it through
the mouth.
Mr. Healy—I put it that you have not
told the whole conversation?
Witness replied that when he went to
the cell he told Ashe that he was wanted
ifor Dr.. Dowdafi
\she asked what he had
dope to deserve all this, and said also that
he had told the same thing to the Lord
Mayor the day before. It was when he got
to the doctor's operating room thai he
asked where was
THE EXECUTIONER
Witness further stated that he had told
all that had taken place in the doctor's
i presence.
i Did he say any more .'—Nothing in the
doctor's presence.
Did he say anything to you when going
away ?—
He said: "This is a horrible ordeal
i
t o go through."
You put him back in his cell?—Yes.
Did you see any of the other prisoners
forcibly fed ?—Yes.
On the Sunday?—Ye9, and also on the
Saturday.
Were these prisoners from whose c ' l s ill
utensils and bedding had been removed?—
Not that I am aware of. I did not take
part in the removal.
Witness proceeded to sa ythat he saw
where the articles were put into.
They
•were put into a store-room at the end of
the ward.
Mr. Healy—Did you learn how many
cells were stripped?
Mr. Hanna objected and said surely that
was not relevant.
I n the course o fdiscussiop on the point
Mr. Hanna mentioned that he had made
T H I R T E E N PROTESTS
since tho inquiry started.
The Coroner asked that the proceedings
be allowed to continue.
Mr. Healy (to witness)—Where was the
furniture, bed, and bedding of Mr. Thos.
Ashe's cell transferred to?—To the end of
the corridor.
Do you know the officials of the Prisons
Board who presided ever this removal ?—I
was not there when it was removed.
I s there a gentleman connected with the
Prisons Board called Metcalfe ?—Yes.
Did you see him in the p .on on Thurs­
day r—No. Did you see anyone from the Prisons
Board in the prison on Thursday?—No.
Mr. Max Green, chairman of the General
Prisons Board, was the next witness called
Dr. Wynne said he represented Mr.
Green and lie would like to indicate Mr.
Green's position
Mr. Healv said he should be very slow
to interfere with any professional friend
in making a preliminary statement, but,
he thought the matte-' would only arise
when he asked questions of an illegal
character.
Dr. Wynne said the reason he intervened
was to call attention to the practice that
exists in matters of this kind.
Mr.
Green has bien subnoeenaed here as head
of the Department known as the General
Prisons Board.
Mr. Healy—It is a corporation.
Dr. Wynne said he presumed the
object was to get from Mr. Green
matters which could only have come
to his knowledge in his capacity as
head of the Department. It is not
aliened ha was at any time present
in the prison, or has any first-hand
knowledge of anything that hap­
pened. Y o u , Mr. Coroner, have al­
ready ruled that all communica­
tions that passed between the pri­
son authorities and Mr. Green were
privileged.
I t was well established by cases that he
was not to be sworn. He comes into court
by order of the Executive, and he has
formed the opinion—and he is the judge in
the matter—that it would be prejudicial
to produce these documents in court. Mr.
Healy seemed to controvert that position
as a matter of law, and if he still held
that view he (Dr. Wynne) would cite the
authorities.
Mr. Green is the person who is to
say whether documents should be
produced or not.
The moment he
says i t would be prejudicial to pro­
duce these documents
then
the
Court has no power over him.
Mr. Healy—What are the authorities?
Dr. Wynne referred to the judgment of
the Lord Chief Baron in the case of Queen
v. M'Cormack.
Dr. Wynne quoted the authorities on
which he relied, and the Coroner asked
Mr. Healy to reply to the point made.
Mr. Healy said the objection raised by
Dr. Wynne had reference to communica­
tions between public officials in public af­
fairs, which might well be privileged. But
he had not yet asked Mr. Green anything,
so that so far he was unscathed as far as
the secrets of Dublin Castle were con­
cerned.
•
Dr. Wvnne said if Mr. Healy believed
Mr. Green could give evidence on any
material or relevant to, the issue he was
entitled to examine h i m ;
but If Mr. Healy's object was merely
to examine him on matters of which
he had no first-hand
knowledge,
then he, on behalf of Mr. Green,
claimed privilege.
The Coroner then asked Mr. Green to be
sworn, which being done he was examined
by Mr. Healy.
MR. M A X G R E E N
EXAMINED
Objection to a Question by
D r . Wynne
You are chairman of the Prisons
Board P - Y e s .
F o r how long?—It is 21 years since I
was first appointed to the Prison service,
and I was appointed chairman over five
years ago. I was apoointed to the Prisons
Board in 1897 by E a r l Cadogan.
On the 11th September did the deputy
governor make a report to you in respect
of Thomas Ashe"Dr Wvnne—I object.
, . _
Mr. Healy—Here isThe report put m By
the Crown themselves.
Dr. Wynne said the document was there,
and
EXPLAINED ITSELF.
The question being repeated, Mr. Max
Green replied r—
" I don't think it is in the King's
interest to answer."
Mr. Healy—1 presume you don't contra­
dict the statement of the Deputy-Governor,
that he bad a conversation with him on
the 11th September about Mr. AsheP
Witness claimed privilege (laughter).
The Coroner asked those present
not to put him to the necessity of
having the court cleared, as he did
not want to do it.
Dr. Wynne said he was glad the
Coroner made that observation, for
i t was most unseemly that a witness
should have his answer jeered at.
Mr Healy then put to the witness a
minute of the 12th September, signed by
him in the course o. which it was stated
that the prisoner was to be warned as to
tho necessary consequences of persisting
in disobeying the prison rules, and shAuld
he still persist he would be dealt with in
the prescribed manner.
Counsel asked
witness if he made that minute.
rniviur"?
r l
a
l
M
g
n
on behalf of the witness
|
Mr Healy submitted that It was
an absurdity that Mr. Max Green,
who directed thai the minute was
t o be read to the prisoner, should
be allowed, to decline to answer.
(To witness)—Is the Governor of Mountjov bound to carry out the prison rules.
D r . Wynne objected that that was^a
pure question of law.
~
"
The question was not allowed.
Mr Healy—Do you know of the prison
rule which compels the Governor to enter
in his book every punishment administerd
to a orisonex?
to
The question was objected to. and ruled
out as privilegea.
Mr. -Healy—Is the. Governor bound to
enter in his book punishment administered
to prisoners?
T h i s question was also objected, to. Mr.
Wynne pointing out TBat 'the rules were
there.
Mr. Healy then put another question as
follows:—
Did yop give the Governor any order
not sanctioned or warranted by the prison
rules?
Dr. Wynne—-1. object.
Mr. Healy protewo. against the objec­
tion, and declared that no man could
have a privilege
TO B R E A K T H E L A W .
Dr. Wynne claimed privilege, and said
lie advsed the witness not to answer.
Mr. Healy said he would formally put
ihe question, and if hhe witness declined
to answer he would take that fact.
The
u nest-ion was
whether the witness rave the Go­
vernor di ret ions contrary to t e
prison rules, to remove the bed,
bedding
bedclothes, sheets, and
boots of the deceased Thomas Ashe.
Dr. Wynne—On my advice Mr.
Green claims privilege.
The question was disallowed.
h
.SEEKING
SHELTER"
Mr, Healy & the P r i s o n s Board
• Trench"
Mr. Healy—That sufficiently indicates
the trench into which the Prisons Board
seeks shelter, and, therefore, I won't pur­
sue that line any further.
I s there an
official in the Prisons Board named Met­
calfe?—Yes.
What is he, Mr. Green?—His official
title is Controller of Industries.
As Controller of Industries has he any
rcharge of prison stores?—That is part of
phi£|9aty. . *jL&-''
On Thrusday, 20th, or Wednesday. 19th.
A as he despatched to Mountjoy Prison?
Dr. Wynne rose to object, to uhe ques­
tion, and Mr. ureen simultaneously made
the reply—
" There is not a word of truth
in it."
Mr. Healy—Now we are getting
on. You didn't despatch Mr. Met­
calfe to Mountjoy Prison on the
20th September?—I did not.
Dr. Wynne—I beg your pardon,
Mr. Green. You will kindly answer
no questions until I make my ob­
jection.
The Coroner—He has answered it any­
how.
Mr. Healy next asked witness was there
a prison official named Gamble, and
Dr. Wvnne asked was the
QUESTION R E L E V A N T .
The Coroner—flow do I know until I
hear the answer.
Mr. Healy repeated the question, adding
—" Perhaps you will claim privilege for
Gamble?'^
" I do not know," said witness; "there
may be, but I cannot say."
Is there' a Mountjoy official
called
Gamble?—1 could not tell you tkat.
Can you tell me whether the medium of
communication between Mountjoy Prison
and Dublin Castle was personal, telephone,
or written?
Dr vVynne objected.
Mr. Healy—remaps it was a hackney
car (laughter).
Witness claimed privilege.
Mr. Healy—Migbt l ask this questionWhen was the telephone wire put into
Mountjoy from the Castle?
Dr. W a r n e objected.
Mr. Healy (resuming
his
seat)—My
learned friend and his witness have co­
vered themselves with glory (laughter).
This concluded the examination of Mr.
Green.
K
-
J U R Y AND A D O C U M E N T
Mr. Healy and MItchelstown
Case
136
A t this stage the j u r y retired for
a few minutes, and on coming back
to tha court the foreman handed
a typewritten document to the
Conner, who having glanced over
it, handed it back again.
Mr Healy then rose and said t h a t
in view of the Mitchelstown case,
if a j u r y had a communication to
make to the Coroner it would be
advisable t h a t i t should be done in
open court.
He thought i t was
ruled in the Mitchelstown case,
when communications passed be­
tween Coroner and j u r y which was
not known to the outside world,
t h a t was a ground of objection. He
had observed the j u r y made a
commurication to the Coroner, who
handed i t back to the j u r y . T h a t
m i g h t afterwards be a ground of
ex-option, and he respectfully said
t h a t he preserved all his rights,
. not knowing what the j u r y ' s docu­
ment was.
The Jorrner said he received a
document as mentioned by M r .
Healy from th° foreman of the
j u r y , and having read it found i t
was unsigned. Being a document
unsigned, he took no notice of i t
and handed it back. I f the j u r y
wanted anything of t h a t nature sent
in i t must be signed.
He would
take no notice of the document
u n t i l there was a signature at the
end of i t . .
Mr." Healy—I quite concur i n t h a t view.
The Coroner—You understand my posi­
tion.
M r . Healy—I know i t is perfectly correct.
MR. A U S T I N
STACK
G i v e s His A d d r e s s a s 'Mountjoy
Prison'
Mr. Austin Stack, who gave his address
as " Mountjoy Prison," was not examined.
Mr. Dixon asked the witness what be was
arrested for.
Mr. Hanna objected to the question,
saying iti bad nothing to do with the in­
quiry.
Mr. Dixon—I assume Mr. Hanna does
not say he was i i ' gaily i n custody. You
are in cuswdy, Mr. Stack, serving a sen­
tence of court martial.
Mr. Hanna objected to this question.
The Coroner said he did not think the
quest ion was relevant
Answering Mr. Dixon, the witness stated
that on Wednesday, 19th, he got exercise
at about half-past six or seven o'clock in
the morning for »n hour. That was be­
fore breakfast. Ht got exercise again at
midday before dinner.
With the exception of some Belfast pri­
soners, asked counsel, were all tne Defence
of the Realm prisoners associated with or­
dinary criminals?—We were associated
with the ordinary criminals up to that
particular day.
t U p to that Wednesday what were the
asual hours for exercise?—Prior to the
j previous Saturday we had no exercise exeept on Sundays. W e were working in
[thp wood yard and got no exercise.
! Ok Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday,
• he went on to say, they got exercise. On
Monday and Tuesday they were at exercise
after breakfast and after dinner. On- Wed­
nesday they got no exercise in the after­
noon.
What happened then?—We waited for a
little while, after the other prisoners bad
gone to work—the ordinary prisoners—and
then whe nthere was no appearance of our
being allowed out we all commenced
R I N G I N G OUR B E L L S .
Did any warder answer the bells?—I
believe a warder 'came to my door and
asked me what I wanted.
I said to go
out to exercise.
He answered ho would
s>ee about it. *
Did he see about it?—He did not come
back to me any more.
The bells were
thMi tied up. o rsomebhing else happened
then. About an hour afterwards we were
v.itisferred to another part of the prison.
F u r t h e r exammed, witness baid tita
get n-> exercise on T h u r s d a y
before
i r e a k f a s t : neither had they got . a n y
after breakfast. They f ^ ™ ^
a t t r a c t the a t t e n t i o n Ot the w a r d e n
by ringing the bell*.
Awardert o the cell of witness and he demanded
exercise. The warder said. W a i t lot
a m i n u t e . " Witness w a i t e d about t e n
minutes before he began t o t i n g T, .,
0
^ i l t e ^ n e bells stopped r i n g i n g
warders d i d not come, » » J
'
commenced t o k i c k a t h i s door w i t h
the heel of h i s boot.
W h a t happened t h e n ? - ! h o a i d „
l o t of k n o c k i n g ol t h e same kind
h a m m e r i n g a t the doors.
Af*et-that
Suddenly the door of h i s iwitne*» *>
cell was 0 P » ^ v ^ f f i J T r n i ••
w a r d e r , came i n besides
^ , ^ * w
B v a n . and they took ^ a y the bed
board table, and stove, a m i loekca
u pthe cell againI t h o r t t i m e a t t e r w a r d s the w a r t . .v
came back again and w m o v « d ^ l ' ; ; *
t h i n g o u t of the cell, bed clothes, m e ­
t r e s * s a n i t a r y u t e n s i K *bp*P*h Bible
prayerbook—everything except I
o w n personal clotJfcing. A b o u t ten m i n ­
utes or a quarter of an h o u r l a t e r the
Deputy Chief W a r d e r came back w i t h
a
>
a
C
frre other warders and took wil.m
boots by f o r t e .
M r . D i x o n — W o u l d y o u describe t h e
operation?
. ,,
»
A t first I resisted, and t h e y were u n ­
able to take t h e m oft. h u t one o f t h e
warders k e p t on saying. ' w by give t*o
much t r o u b l e ; it; v> t o us you-are caus­
ing i t . " Eventually r a l k w d - o n e o l
t h e m to take off m y b o o t s ^ h i l « a £
other pinned m y anns,. a n d t h e d e p u t y
chief warder looking on.
Proceeding, witness stated he
was
t h e n left w i t h h i s stockings on h i s
feet, and he h a d to r e m a i n t h a t w a j
u n t i l near locking-up hour
That
^
probablv about-4.39 o'clock, w h e n he
£ 5 S e c t i o n ^ go o u t olJ t h e c e l l , a n d
he M i d to W a r d e r SkeUy ' A r e y o u
• o i n g to leave me w i t h o u t either boots
S h i p p e r s . ' ' T h e warder t h e n got h i m
h i * slippers.. A t that t i m e j w had
done n o t h i n g whatever m h i s £ l J .
had broken no glass m t h e cell w i n ­
dow, and h a d not threatened
to^break
a n y t h i n g - H e had n o t threatened t o
damage bed or beddingAsked i f he knew the D e p u t e Gover­
nor of the prison, witness said. O h ,
I Lnow h i m w e l l " (laughter). ,
The Deputy-Cioveruosj i n h i . e*
dance, stated t h a t the p a n d e m o a m m
started before the f u r n i t u r e w e t a k e n
' . — T h e r e was a considerable amoun .
of aoise and h a m m e r i n g a t t h e door*
when the bells were tied u p . I t t h a i W
called p a i u l e m o n i u m there c e r t a i n l y
v
0 U t
" " A S fax as y o u k n o w , was any f u r n i ­
t u r e b r o k e n before i t waa t ^ c n cut.-
M r . Coroner, w i t h regard to the refusal
of t h e Prisons Board to allow M r . Douglas
to give evidence and to produce the books
and documents
which you sent
for a
few
days
ago,
we
are
surprised
that subordinate officials, civil servants, as
the members of the Prisons Board appear to
be, have power to prevent such evidence
being given.
Ve know nothing about law,
but on reading the Prisons A c t , i t seems,to
us the Lord Lieutenant is head of the Prison
Service in Ireland, and that he holds the
same position i n regard to prisons and pri­
soners in t h i s country as the Home Secre­
tary holds in England. He has the appoint­
ment and dismaissai of the members of the
Prisons Board, and nearly everything done
by the Board is stated to be " subject
to
such
directions
as
they
may
from
time
to
time
receive
from the Lord Lieutenant."
I f this
be so, is i t not the head of the
department, the Lord Lieutenant, or,
in his absence, the Lords Justices, who
should claim privilege' for such evidence
when the claim is made on the ground of
public policy? W e always understood that
civil servants had nothing to do w i t h ques­
tions of public policy. As jurors, we would
like to hear M r . Douglas's evidence, and
also that of the members of the Prisons
Board. W e t h i n k also that the Chief Secre­
tary and Under Secretary should be called
to give evidence.
The Lord Mayor and
Sir John I r w i n have stated that M r .
Duke was informed of how M r . Ashe
was
being
treated.
We think
the
j u r y ought to know whether the Chief Secre­
tary and Under-Secretary
had power
t o get the treatment
changed, and
if eo what exactly they did in the mat­
ter. I t is through no desire on our part
t h a t we were summoned on this j u r y , and
we are as anxious as anybody can be to j
get back to our business, but being con­
cerned to ascertain the cause of M r . Ashe's
death we t h i n k it extraordinary that the
Government having brought us jurors here
for this purpose should now prevent us get­
t i n g the information necessary to enable us
to discharge our d u t y properly.
There
is another
matter.
If
the Prisons
Board had legal authority t o prevent this
evidence being given had they also power
if they chose to use It to prevent the
Deputy-Governor and the prison doctors
and warders from g i v i n g evidence?
If
they had we would like i t to be explained
to us jurors w h y this distinction has been
drawn between officials of the prison and
the other officials who gave them their
instructions."
A THUNDERBOLT
(Here followed the signatures of the jurors*)
Jury's Document Changes
Course of Inquiry
POSITION OF M R . D U K E
The Foreman—Yes,
A t the sitting of the court,
The Foreman
of the j u r y handed to the
Coroner a t y p e w r i t t e n document.
The Coroner—Gentlemen, the foreman has
handed
me
a document which I propose
reading, and which is signed by each member
of the j u r y .
*
. . .
The Coroner's Clerk read the document as
follows:—
The Coroner—This document was handed
to me last evening^by the Foreman, but i t
was not signed at the t i m e and I declined
to take notice of i t . N o w i t is handed t o me
this morning w i t h the signatures of the 16
jurors t o i t .
M r . Healy—That is to say the j u r y are
i unanimous.
i
STATEMENT BY MR. HANNA
Adjournment of Inquest
Suggested
POSITION OF GOVERNMENT
M r . Healy—That is a very weighty and
important pronouncement, especially i n view
of the fact t h a t I c o n c e i v e d i t t o be m y
duty t o call M r , M a x Green here yesterday,
and give h i m the opportunity of his self-ex­
culpation, i f i t were i n his power t o do so. I
do not know what course the j u r y may take.
I fully feel the weight of much t h a t is stated
in t h a t document, which, of course, came
upon me, 1 may say. entirely by surprise. I f
the jurors desire an adjournment to give the
heads of the Executive i n Ireland an oppor­
t u n i t y of either coming here, or being sum­
moned here, I , at whatever sacrifice and time
and trouble, seeing t h a t they are entirely
honorary and unpaid gentlemen, discharging
a very difficult function—I am entirely i n
their hands. The fact t h a t w h a t the j u r y
have i n mind is t h i s , t h a t something may be
said elsewhere i n the course of next week
as to the responsibility for actions t h a t have
been taken i n this court.
I f so, and i f the
j u r y desire an adjournment w i t h the view t o
illumination being cast on these matters i n
another place, I am entirely i n their hands.
I desire nothing, sir, as you know, and as
the j u r y know, except the elucidation of the
facts t o the very roots. The j u r y have made
a statement now which must call for the at­
tention of the Government. I t peremptorily
#
demands i t , and its importance is due to the
fact t h a t it is a jury necessarily constituted
by law by the police authorities of the c i t y ,
and therefore i t is a verdict of a mixed j u r y .
A W e i g h t y Pronouncement.
I t is not the verdict of the j u r y of one way
Off thought or one way of sectional feeling or
one sect.
I t is the unanimous expression
of a j u r y representing every sect and feeling
and class and creed i n the city of D u b l i n . I t
ta. tiie most Aveighty pronouncement t h a t I
have ever known to come from a j u r y en­
gaged in a great public inquiry.
I t goes to
the root of the matter, and I cannot b u t be­
lieve seeing the quarter from which i t springs
that his Majesty's Government w i l l have re­
gard to i t . K n o w i n g what I do, sir, of what
public opinion is, I cannot b u t feel t h a t his
Majesty's Government w i l l have regard to
what is practically a unanimous verdict. I t
is the unanimous verdict and conclusion of the
j u r y . Therefore i f the j u r y are of opinion t h a t
you
should
adjourn
this
inquiry for
a
week
I
certainly
will
offer
no
objection. , I do not k n o w w h a t position
my learned friend ( M r . Hanna) takes up, but
it seems to me t h a t this verdict now, i f I may
so call i t , is a verdict against the procedure
adopted by the Prisons Board, and t h a t i t is
one that calls for immediate attention either
by his Excellency the L o r d Lieutenant, or
by the Executive Government of this coun­
t r y responsible t o public opinion not only i n
Ireland, but to Great B r i t a i n and throughout
the Empire.
PRIVILEGE
CLAIM
M r . Hanna said that as representing the
Prison authorities, he would like to say that
any communication made by juries in public
court was a matter which must be considered
and dealt w i t h by the persons responsible..
There was only one matter of fact in t h j ^
statement put forward by the j u r y i which he j
wished to clear up. When Mr. Douglas was
called he did not claim privilege on his own
account.
He did not as a subordinate official
claim privilege. He produced a minute of
the Prisons Board. I b i s was the record direct­
ing that the documents which he was subpoened t o produce were privileged.
ORDER OF T H E E X E C U T I V E .
When . M r . Max Green
was called
yesterday,
Dr.Wynne
stated
he
claimed privilege by order of the Executive
and this matter of privilege could only be
claimed by a Minister of State, acting on the
discretion of the Sovereign whose mountpiece
he v. as in court.
Therefore, i t was necessary
for Dr. Wynne to claim privilege yesterday.
He claimed privilege by order of the Ex­
ecutive, and that being so he (ivSr. Hanna)
thought i t r i g h t to. point out that the state­
ment in the document handed in that this
privilege was claimed by subordinate officials
and not by a Minister of State was not ex­
actly in accordance with the actual facts. M r .
Max Green and M r . Douglas only claim privi­
lege by order of their superiors in the Govern­
ment of the country.
There was nothing else in the document
which Called for very much comment from
him. I t was a matter entirely for the Coroner
as to whether he would adjourn the inquiry.
It was not for him to say whether M r . Max
Green would welcome that attitude or not,
or whether M r . Boland would welcome i t .
The privilege being claimed by a Minister of
State there was an end to the matter so far
as the court was concerned.
I t was anotfter
matter whether the Coroner would direct an
adjournment for the purpose of Rending the
communication to the Chief Secretary.
•
Probably your view, M r . Coroner, conciuded
Mr. Henna, is that i t is a document which
should have attention. • Whether the E x c e l
tive w i l l acquiesce in the suggestion of the'
j u r y or not I am unable to say.
I t is not a
matter for M r . Max Green or Mr. Boland, it
Is entirely a matter for the Executive.
THE PRIVILEGE PLEA
the
The Coroner pointed out t h a t i t was neces­
sary, to specify a date.
f M r . Healy then agreed that the adjournni.'.it must be specific, and he suggested t h a t
the Coroner should name a date.
CORONERS
DECISION
The Cotoner said an application had been
made to h i m by the j u r y which he could n o t
disregard. I t was unanimous, and he was
bound t o grant i t . He inquired, however, i f
i t would be possible, as they were there now
to examine as many witnesses as possible,
and then, later on, adjourn to a suitable day.
The Effect of the Document.
Keeps* Back Real Facts of the
Case
Mr. Healy—I think my friend has fairly
dealt with the position which, undoubtedly,
now has become one of great and special
gravity.
I have never known a mixed j u r y ,
such as this is, to have arrived at such a pro
nouncement i n relation to high matters of
State.
We, as advocates, have, so to speak,
to face the position that the j u r y feel we have
been unable to present to
them the real
Facts of the case by reason of this magic plea
of privilege interposed to prevent the explora­
tion and elucidation of facts. That being so
it suggests itself to me the duty is cast upon
you as President of this Court, before further
evidence is taken to forward that pronounce­
ment immediately to the Executive authority
responsible for having put forward this claim
of privilege, and to forward i t w i t h , perhaps
your own view, in support or criticism, or in
whatever sense you desire, of the recommenda­
tion of the j u r y .
That being so, to take no
further evidence, even the evidence of the}
prisoners who are here at some inconvenience
to themselves, and, perhaps, to the prison
authorities: i n spite,of t h a t fact the jury
having now practically declared that they canget out the whole t r u t h no matter what
evidence, if that evidence is truncated, and if
their functions are paralysed by the retention
behind. a_safety, curtain—an iron curtain—otJ
;
Made by Order of
Government
137
the real authors of the death of this nnfbrtu
nate—this unh
ment becomes absolutely essential, and i t
only remains to say the date you conceive
that adjournment would bo made to. 1 leel
i t is you and the j u r y who are paramount in
this matter.
Mr. Hanna suggested that i t would be
quite possible for the Coroner to communicate
this matter to the head of the Executive—he I
could communicate i t t o the Lord Lieutenant,
and also to M r . Duke by telegram. I f that
were done the}' might be able to resume on j
Monday,' unless the comae were followed as
suggested by M r . Healy, and the matter
being further gone into in Parliament.
Mr. Healy and M r . Duke's Views.
Mr. Healy said that taking i t on Monday
would omit from consnleirition the fact that
Mr. Duke might take a wholly different view
especially under pressure elsewhere on Tues­
day from what had been taken here SO
far.
The House o f Commons was a place
where public opinion prevailed.
I t was a
fluid assembly in which English members
gave their views, and that affected the judg­
ment that was arrived at.
He suggested
that an adjournment should not take place
which would not include the date when i t
was expected Irish affairs wouhlfl be under
consideration, and which would -be from the
English point of view, at any rate, i f not
from the I r i s h , the
grand inquest of
the nation.
I t would be futile
to
make an adjournment which would not em- j
brace the date of the debate on I r i s h affairs
next week
He thought the date of the ad­
journment ought not to be fixed now, b u t
that i t should be to such a date as the Coro­
ner would issue a fresh mandate t o the j u r y ,
assuming that no present dispersal of the j u r y
would affect their functions by reason of the
fact that a certain date was not fixed.
M r . Healy put i t to the Coroner t h a t t h a t
would be to impair the efheet ef the docu­
ment handed i n by the j u r y . Supposing they
had the prison authorities
full exhibition
of their documents i t might be wholly un­
necessary to call the witnesses who were pre­
sent now. This was a document to the effect
that the jury were unable to come to a de­
cision without certain evidence. The evidence
that he (counsel) could present now would
be of a colourless class, and he could not go
on "with the inquiry u n t i l they knew what
decision the Government would come to as t o
the unparalleled and momentous declaration
of the j u r y .
Document ana Note to Castle.
The
Coroner
remarked t h a t the Chief
Secretary is n o t ' i n I r e l a n d now, and lie was
thinking of sending
the document w i t h a
note (which ha would entrust to counsel) to
the Castle now.
M r . Hanna said if that course were ad­
opted the Under Secretary could forward i t
by the usual means of communication to the
Chief Secretary.
This course was agreed to by counsel on
1 it it i i sides, M r . Hanna remarking t h a t the
Coroner need not trouble to submit t o them
the note which he would send w i t h the docu­
ment. _
The j u r y then retired to consider the ques­
tion of the adjournment, and on returning t o
court the foreman suggested Monday week,
and said the j u r y were unanimous on the
point.
' This was agreed to, and i t was left to the
Coroner to send on the document t o the
Castle.
138
141
142
T h i s r e m a r k a b l e p h o t o g r a p h was t a k e n at D u b l i n d u r i n g the d e m o l i t i o n o f a house w h i c h was w r e c k r d
d u r i n g the rebel Iron. A l a r g e a m o u n t o f p r o p e r t y w i l l h a v e t o be p u D c d d o w n a l t o g e t h e r before b u i l d i n g
o p e r a t i o n s can be c o m m e n c e d . T h e t o t a l d a m a g e is e s t i m a t e d at £3,000,000.
146
WILLIAM
VINCENT
The
Water ford
musician
" Lurline,"
and " The Amber
WALLACE.
who
composed
" Maritana,"
Witch."
Born 1812,'dted
1865.
MICHAEL
The
WILLIAM
BALFE.
Dublin musician who corn-posed "The Bohemian
the most -popular of his twenty-seven
operas.
^^^^^^
Born 1808; died 1870.
Girl,
JOHN
FORBES.
B u r g e s s f o r R a t o a t h , C o . M e a t h . 1776-83, a n d f o r t h e C o u n t y a n d T o w n
o f D r o g h e d a . 1783-1796; G o v e r n o r o f t h e B a h a m a s , w h e r e M r . F o r b e s
d i e d i n 1797.
M r . F o r b e s w a s a d i s t i n g u i s h e d m e m b e r of M r . G r a t t a n ' s
independent party a n d a n indefatigable
w o r k e r for t h e reform of the
P a r l i a m e n t of I r e l a n d .
H e drafted the Pension a n d Place Acts a n d
f o r c e d b o t h t h e m e a s u r e s t h r o u g h P a r l i a m e n t a f t e r eight y e a r s of great
exertion.
This
portrait
is reproduced
from
the painting
i n the
,
possession of Mr. A r t h u r Forbes. E a r l s v a l e . Cavan.
,
RT.
H O N .R O B E R T
STEWART,
VISCOUNT
CASTLEREACH.
K n i g h t o f t h e S h i r e f o r D o w n C o u n t y ; C h i e f S e c r e t a r y f o r I r e l a n d . 17981801.
Conducted the Union operations
under the Viceroy, Marquis
Ck>rnwalli8.
V i s c o u n t C a s t l e r e a g h w a s t h e f i r s t I r i s h m a n t o fill t h e o f f i c e
of C h i e f S e c r e t a r y .
" H e is so very unlike a n Irishman, I think he h a d a
first
c l a i m to a n exception i n his favour."—Marquis Cornwallis to the
D u k e o f P o r t l a n d , 20th N o v e m b e r ,
1798—" C o r n w a l l i s C o r r e s p o n d e n c e "
V o l . I I . , p . 441.
MARQUIS
CORNWALLIS,
T H E UNION
VICEROY
Who organised
the U n i o n
operations.
Lord
Cornwallis arrived j
D u b l i n , 20th J u n e , 1798, a n d , i m m e d i a t e l y the R e b e l l i o n w a s suppress*
b e g a n t o p r e p a r e the w a y f o r the M e a s u r e o f U n i o n .
H i s l e t t e r s (Cor
w a l l i s C o r r e s p o n d e n c e ) teem w i t h l a m e n t a t i o n s r e g a r d i n g the corruptii
o f w h i c h h e w a s t h e c h i e f o r g a n i s e r i n t h e y e a r s 1799-1800.
149
T H E SOUTH MALL, CORK.
150
^ I N D E P E N D E N T , M O N D A Y , OCTOBER
HISTORIC
3. 1917^
FUNERAL
PAGEANT.
IRELAND'S T R I B U T E
TO T H E D E A D .
SPLENDID ORDER
A
RECORD
DISPLAY
IN
DUBLIN
M I L I T A R Y PRECISION; ARMS
CARRIED BY UNIFORMED
VOLUNTEERS
TRICOLOUR IN MOURNING
ON A L L SIDES
All
Ireland joined yesterday in a
magnificent and record tribute
to T h o m a s A s h e , w h o s e d e a t h
under such tragic circumstances
touched t h e h e a r t of the c o u n t r y
as nothing has i n the present
generation.
Despite the fact that no special train
facilities were available, thousands ik/cked
into D u b l i n from the most remote parts of
the country, and besides the many tens of
thousands of spectator* lining the streets
it is estimated that between 30,0t;0 and
10,000 marched after tho remains. These
included uniformed Volunteers (those sur­
rounding the hearse carrying rifles re­
versed), G..V.A. Clubs, with the forbidden
c a m a n ; trades bodies,
Gaelic League
branches, National Teachers, postmen,
women, girls and boys, many in picturesque
costumes and uniforms, and a l l wearing
the tricolour i n crepe.
. T h e long cortege took nearly an hour
and a half to pass- any given point at
quick step, and over two hours when the,
many bands approaching the ceinetery
flayed funeral music. T h e whole spectacle
was impressive and reverential in the
highest degree, and one of the most notable
feautres was the large body of priests whoj
marched the entire distance.
A GENERAL SURVEY
O F T H E DAY.
MEMORABLE
SPECTACLE.
Considered from a l l pointa of view, the
funeral procession was, perhaps, the most
imposing and impressive eight ever wit­
nessed i n Dublin, notwithstanding the fact
that it was principally confined to the
residents of the cit,y and county.
As re-!
gards numbers, it certainly far exceeded
the record of a n v of the great national
demonstrations which took place in the
metropolis for at least a generation.
I t hj
estimated that between 30,000 to 40,000
people marched in the procession alone,
while many tens of thousands of specta­
tors lined the streets from the starting
point at the City H a l l , Cork H i l l , through
the lengthy route to Clasnevin Cemetery.
Marching quickly, four deep, the proces­
sionists took close on a n hour and a half
to pass a given point.
So perfect was the
combinational order maintained through­
out—which, incidentally, was a -femarkable testimony to the organising ability
of the S i n n Feinera—*that the rank* never!
for a moment lost their cohesion.
The!
contingents marched in close military for-!
main™ »nd when passing through the!
the city, moved quickly mareh;
' Jjrie*
1
T I M E IN PASSING.
As it approached Glasnevin the conges­
tion there necessitated a slackening of the
marching pace, and consequently it took at
least 2 hours to pass certain points on
the route on the northern side of the city.
T h i s was the case, for instance, at Blackquiere Bridge.
W h a t the numbers participating i n the
great procession would have reached had
the sympathisers throughout the country
been given facilities for travelling by ex­
cursion trains, may well be
imagined.
Many parts of the country, even the most
remote parts, were, however, largely re­
presented.
These participants arrived
by ordinary trains on Saturday or by those,
arriving yesterday morning.
K e r r y , the
native place of the late M r Ashe, was
represented by contingents
numbering
close on 700.
Longford sent an exceed­
ingly large body, likewise Roscommon,
Clare, and K i l k e n n y , a l l of which latter
places have returned Sinn F e i n members
of Parliament.
Westmeath,
Limerick,
Queen's Co., Kildare. Cork Queenstown,
Wexford, Nenagh, Thurles, and many
other places sent big contingents.
NOTABLE FEATURE.
* The great demonstration had many re­
markable features that were not to be
found i n any of the previous great na­
tional gatherings in Ireland.
The attend­
ance of a body of clergymen numbering
about 150, at the head of the procession,
was, for instance, a unique feature. .Never
before at a similar public function did
such a large number of Catholic clergymen
assemble to pay public tribute to the me­
mory of a fellow-countryman.
Many of
these travelled long* distances.
Another remarkable feature was the pre­
sence of some thousands of young women
and girls who, too, have prominently iden­
tified themselves with Sinn F e i n , the at­
tendance of a large section of C u m a n n . n a
in Han i n uniform costume being especially
impressive. Youths, too, took part m large
numbers, while the city trades aud labour
bodies turned out i n strength of numbers
seldom if ever before excelled in a public
demonstration in the metropolis.
llfegsl
REGULATIONS S E T AT NAUGHT.
I t was remarkable that despite a l l recent
military orders under the Defence of the
Realm Act, drilling of coutingen^was e n s
ried out openly, tfrearms and hurleys were
borne, Volunteer and pipers' bands uni­
forms worn, Republican nags and banner­
ettes carried, and, in f a c t / all regulations
transgressed regardless of the presence of
the police. More remarkable still was the
presence of a large firing party marching,
in single file, on either side of the hearse
with rifles reversed. About a dopeu. bands
were present.
The tricolour" was worn in some form or
other by every person participating in the
procession, as well as by most people
among6t the spectators.
Numerous Hags,
too. were displayed from houses along the
route, in each instance draped i n crepe.
• T h e members of the Dublin F i r e Brigade,
which made a very fine display, also wore
in conspicuous fashion the Sinn F e i n col­
ours draped, with crepe. I t is worthy of
note, too, that a big section ©f the National
Volunteers, those who had been followers
of the Redmondite section, marched under
the leadership of Col. Moore, and most of
the contingent wore their uniforms.
SPLENDID ORDERLINESS.^
The orderliness and respect displayed \
from start to finish by the immense gather- j
ing, processionists and spectators alike, |
WAS a striking and fitting tribute to the;
memory of the deceased.
Thousands,
marched bareheaded, window blinds were,
drawn in most of the houses along the
route, and a Reverential silence and atti­
tude were adopted by a l l .
Number* of
soldiers, too, who were in the street*,
watched the procession with' keen interest
and respect, but the military generally
faff
3
Has-1
After the concluding ceremony at GI
nevin the people left for the city, and the!
i
best of g o o d order prevailed, the number
of police on duty was comparatively small,
and in no instance were their services
called on
MUSTER
iniim wunwiiirr, i j|
0
HISTORIC
O F CONTINGENTS!
the roads leading to the city were thronged
by pedestrians (many of whom marched 20
or 30 miles) and every mode of vehicle—'
motor cars covered with dust after long
journeys, cycles, carriages, outside c a r s ,
•waggonettes and brakes, gigs, and traps—,
eatdi fuLy laden.
By noon the various sections had lined :
up at the stations allotted to them. One.;
of the largest contingents, the l . T . W . and
' Women Workers' .Union, marching 8,000
^strong, and i n charge of M r . T . Foran (Prersident) look up its position at Lssex and
Exchange streets, facing Parliament St.
Dublin trades bodies mustered 6,000 men at
Wood quay and another 4,000 at Werburgh and B r i 4 e streets. T h e I r i s h Volun­
teers numbered about 9,000, and made a
remarkably smart and imposing appear­
ance, the majority of them being in comuiete uniform, and all marching in strict'
order and precision. National Volunteers
(many in full uniform) assembled in Drury
and Stephen streets, the best display i n
numbers being the followers of the "Offi­
cers' Committee;'' Major Cullen and Capt.
EckersleV headed 110 N . Volunteers of the
3rd Dublin Batt.
v
;
Thousands of people had an opportunity
of witnessing the lying-in-state before the
closing of the City H a l l to the public at
noon yesterday.
F r o m that hour up to
.the time of the removal of the remains
|
,
j t e friend^ and
[clergy remained in the H a l l . Shortly after
1 o'clock the* father, sister, brother, and
other relatives of the deceased knelt i n
prayer beside the coffin, and went silently,
many of the onlookers being visibly moved.
At 1.30 p.m. F a t h e r Kennedy, Dingle, recited a; decade of the Rosary* in I r i s h and
' the De Profundis. Those present included
tho Lord Mayor, A i d . Byrne, M . P . ; A i d .
Corrigan, and several clergymen.
The transferring of the wreaths from the
City H a l l to the hearse and a waggon provided tor the surplus floral tributes took a :
considerable time, with the result that the
6tart was delayed 20 minutes after the
scheduled time
Six Lewes prisoners, i n
uniform, brought the-.coffin to the hearse,
the clergy reciting the De Profundis dur­
ing the removal. The Lord Mayor attended
;Miss A6ho.to a mourning coach.
T h e F i n g a l B a t t . ( I . V o l s . ) ; the Postmen's Fede­
r a t i o n (1,000, i n c h a r g e of E . W . M a h o n , M. J .
Keogh, M . Smyth, E . J . and C . P. K e l l y ) ; the
I r i i h N a t i o n a l F o r e s t e r s , w i t h b a n d (300 C o s t u m e
a n d L a d y m e m b e r s , i n c h a r g e of M a r s h a l B r o .
L o r a n anil B r o . D u l l y , G . H . C . R . ; with, in car­
riages, B r o . Hutchinson, G e n . Se«.; Bros. K e l l y ,
ftp.
T r e a s . ; E . Quinn, H . C . l l . : T . J . Brady,
T r u s t e e ; P . J . Rooney, E x . Committee); Dublin
S c h o o l s H u r l i n g a n d F o o t b a l l L e a g u e (300 b o y s ,
270 g i r l s , i n c h a r g e of S. O ' H a u l o n , G . Hughes',
and N . Caffrey); C . J . K i c k h a m K . A . G . A . C . Club
(350, i n c h a r g e of P . .T. W a l s h , P r e s d t . ; T . L .
Quane, a n d M . J . D r u m g o o l e ) ; P . O'Flanagan Sinn
F e i n C l u b , N . C i t y W a r d (200, i n c h a r g e , .1. S t a n ­
ley, D . L y d e n ) ; Sean Connolly S . F . C l u b , H a r b o u r
D i v . ( 4 0 0 - F . C ' a h i l l ) ; O ' R a h l l l y S . F . C l u b (500—
•W . Paul).
A m o n g s t t h e provincial delegates and
c o n t i n g e n t s w e r e : — N a u l S . F . . C l u b (100—C. G i l s e n a n ) ; Nenagb. (110—45 i n u n i f o r m — F . M ' G r a t h ,
W. Wholohan); Thurks (200-J. Culhane); Kitd a r e (100—J. F i t z g e r a l d , N e w b r i d g e ) ; B l a c k r o e k
(60); Wicklow
(250); Wexford
and Waterlord
(340) f T i p p e r a r y ( 1 3 0 ) ; K i l k e n n y (200) ; R o s c o m ­
m o n Q 8 0 ) ; M a r j b o r o ' (50—M- R e i s t e a n ) ; A r m a g h
( 2 0 — F . S h o r t t , E . D o n n e l l y ) ; L i m e r i c k (40— —
M a c k e y ) ; Kdgeworthstown (50—Fenelon, Matterson,
Q'Keeffe);
" Lewes "
Prisoners
(60—T.
Hunter);
Executive
Sinn
Fein,
Wolfe
Tone,
National
A i d , C o u n c i l C o i s d e G n o t h a — R i o r d a n ,*
I K e r r y ( t w o s e c t i o n s ) , 300 a n d 400—P. C a h i l l , B . '
C a l l a g h a n ; Sligo (30—Cnclr. Monsoon, T r e a c y ,
M ' C a r t h y , N e v i n ) ; G o r t a n d C r a u g h w e l l , 40—P. J .
Plgcott;
Fermanagh,
20;
Dunboyiie,
100—E.
B o y l a n , M D w y e r ; D u n s h a u g h l i n , 60—Sean B o y - .
I a n , P . B l a k e ; . D r o g h e d a , 300—P. M o n e h a n , D r .
B r a d l e y ; D u n l e e r , 40—M. R e y n o l d s ;
Dundalk,
2 3 0 - r . H u g h e s , T . C . ; A r d e e , 40—W. W r e n ;
L o n c f o r d , 60—F. M'Gufnnesa, J . P . ; M . P . Con
nolly, C o . C o m d r . , J . A h e a r n ; B r a y , w i t h Bipers'
Band
and
250—Capt.
Rocbiort,
W.
Forde;
Shankill, 35;
D u n d r u m , 45;
We*tmeath, Mull i n g n r . A t h l o n e , M o a t e , R a h a n , K i l b r i d e . Ca»tlepollard,
250—D. B o u r k e ,
P. Brett, T . C . , B .
Dunne, M . Carey, D . C . , M . O'C. Maguire, B . Reillv,
C. Whelehan, W . Murray, M . Kennedy, T . O'HerH h y ; Nenagh. 60—F. M ' G r a t h .
W. Hoyllhan^
Thurlcs,
200—C.
Culhane;
Fermoy,
10—G.
Power, U . D . C . , J . B a r n ; Killarney Gaelic League,
2 0 — S e a n C a s e y , M. S p i l t a n e ; M i l l t o w n ( K e r r y )
8. F . C l u b , 2 5 — M r s . D. S h e e h a n ; U s m o r e ( W a t e r - j
f o r d ) . 1 0 — S c a n D o o l e y ; K i l l a r n e y 8. F . C m b , I
35—T. H o r g a n , D . F i t z g e r a l d ; E n n i s G . L e a g u e , j
15—y.
Griffin; Dublin T r a d e s B o d i e s — E x e c u t i v e |
Trades Council—J. Boyle (Pres.), W . O'Brien (Sec), I
J . Fan-en (Treas.), J . Simmons, J . P . Dunne, J .
L a w l o r , O . H y n e s , T . F a r r c n , J . B o w e s , T . M'Partlfn, T . L a w l o r . T . F o r a n , 8. B y r n e , a n d T . J o h n ­
son respectively, Belfast.
Bodies—Amalgamated
T a i l o r s , 1.000; O p . F a r r i e r s , 1 2 0 ; O p . P l a s ­
t e r e r s , 2 5 0 ; Op. S h i p w r i g h t s . 1 0 0 ;
Coachmakers,
460;
B u t c h e r s , 165; M e t . H o u s e P a i n t e r s ,
200;
Wood-cutting M a c h i n i s t s , 150;
Corporation L a ­
b o u r e r s , Rftnd a n d 8 0 0 ;
N . TJ. R a i l w a v m e n ,
-P.15QAmalgamated
II.. C »
i ^
I'rtflfti
M
B
FUNERAL
SCENES.
CONTINGENTS' NUMBERS
;
_
CORTEGE.
IMPRESSIVE
• The
Inghinidhe
na
hEireann
and
Cuniann n a m B a n n furnished very large
contingents, and their picturesque costumes
added variety and colour to the scene.
Cthor notable and large sections of the pro­
cession were—
1
0
M
JTXOIA »J» eariv hoar the main streets, es­
pecially those in' the neighbourhood of the
City H a l l , presented an appearance of un­
usual stir and suppressed excitement. ;
'ihrongo gathered to watch the batches of |
delegates and contingents assembling at the
designated points. A l l incoming morning
trains were crowded to the limit, and a l l
1
iu uu.wwm.n nw
S t o n e - l a y eH
r so, u s e5 0 0a ;n d SBhri up s hPma ai nkteerrss,, 5"oo7
150; B aAkme a? l; -'
„
; N . Union Clerks, 400; Grocers' A s ^ t a n t V
a b l a t i o n , 200.
ASMstanU
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
r e l a t i v e s
i m m € r t
a
:
MILES OF SPECTATORS.
The windows of the buildings in the!
vicinity, including the various municipal
offices, were crowded. Lord E d w a r d street
offered
accommodation
for
tremendous
numbers of spectators - and afforded excel­
lent points from which "to view the move­
ment of the enormous" cortege, which, by
the way, occupied exactly an hour and
20 minutes in passingm this point
at a quick
ii
step.
. m W&** *
I t was natural.thftt-ihe're should be some
delay at'the start considering the vast pro­
portions of thejjroeessjon, which were such
as to vender handling and management an
extremely difficult matter. I t was about 10
minutes to 2 o'clock when the coffin was
.fcarriod.put and became hrsff exposed to the
view of the dense mass of people extending
in all directions. • A l l heads were uncovered
while it was placed in the hearse.
G R E A T BODY OF P R I E S T S .
The open space in the vicinity of the
Castle street entrance was principally occu­
pied by priests, of whom about 150—young,
middle-aged and old—took part in the procestsion, walking immediately in front of
the hearse.
The F i a n n a and Volunteers
who kept the approaches to the City H a l l
clear, took prompt measures to open the
route between the compact masses of spec­
tators just before the procession was ready
to start, and they got /every assistance from
the marvellously orderly gathering that
filled the streets.
Police were hero and
there in groups, but they were merely
lookers-on and were not called upon to
operate among the. crowd in any way.
Kepublican. flags were naturally i n evi­
dence around, the tricolour having the addi­
tional hue of black, in token of mourning.
A long line of carriages containing mourI ners followed the hearse.
I n one of the
i earlier carriages the Lord Mayor of Dublin
fwas noticed, accompanied by his chaplain,
"his secretary (Mr. loley, T . C . ) , and A i d . A.
| Byrne, M . P . Count Plunkett was i n one
[almost immediately afterwards.
Ladies
were in the majority among the mourners.
The Lusk piper*, in their striking eost tnines, formed the foremost musical com• bination in the line cf march.
; K I L K E N N Y IN T H E V A N .
Kilkenny was the first provincial conV
tingent to display its locality in a benner-..
ette bornt in front.
The crowd seemed
'.almost inclined to give it a cheer, but
i held hack, apparently under the impres­
sion that on such an i m p r e s t e occasion
cheering might be out of place. A mo­
ment or 60 afterwards; however,
the
silence was broken by a cheer, which had
almost a startling effect, following the
eilence which had hitherto pervaded the
gathering. The cheer was for the Dublin
f i r e B r made.
T h e men looked wall i n
their shining helmets, and bearing the
implements of their life and propertysaving functions.
L t . Myers was seated
in front, and at the close of this section
came the captain's gig, driven by Captain
Purcell.
The next item of the procession was a
prominent local one—namely,
the St.
James's Band, and, hereabouts, slow music
commenced, rendering the march dead
slow for some minutes. T h e brisk step
was soon resumed, and the Kerry eontingent came in for many complimentary
comments.
M E M O R I E S OF E M M E T .
The march continued through unbroken
lines of spectators along High St. and
Thomas St. I n the latter thoroughfare, in
the region of St. Catherine's ^Church, many
head- wire bared in recollection o| the
tragic associations of tho spot.
^ r*
crowds were encountered- at Bridgefoot St..
and down to the quays, along which the
procession wended its solemn way amidst
Scenes similar to those already enacted at
the earlier stages of JJie route;
Tt wus a wise precaution to keep people
off the Metal Bridge, which was closed,
labelled " Dangerous,*', and guarded by
stewards. A good and easy view of the
entire spectacle presented by the procession
was bad by those who took up positions
on the long stretch of quays terminating
with Ormond quay and Bachelor's W a l k ,
where the flags and banners could be seen
waving for a considerable distance. Some
of tho largest of these were borne by Dub­
l i n trade BncieTTsi^r? T
COUNTRY CONTINGENTS.
\
Longford, Westmeath, and Castlepollard j
were among the numerous other country I
places which contributed to the display,
and were indicated by cards. Women and
girls connected with various bodies were
also very numerous, and the latter portion
of the procession contained strong repre­
sentations of Sinn F e i n Clubs. I t wa^.a
little after 4 o'clock when the end of the
column passed along Bachelor's Walk and
reached O'Connell Bridge.
The first of
the procession reached the cemetery about
this hour.
151
o n
FROM O'CONNELL
STREET
I3arly hour i n the forenoon crowds
gathered in O'Connell St. and adjoining
thoroughfares. T h e vicinity of O'Connell
Bridge was thronged at noon.
I t was
noticeable that -large numbers of those
who took up positions earliest were coun­
try folk, many having come by road from
distant districts in Co. Dublin, Kildare,
Wicklow, and Meath.
ltemarkable and inspiring were
the
scenes witnessed in and around O'Connell
St. prior to the muster at Cork H i l l . I n
Beresford place the Citizen Army was mar­
shalled to the number <of several thou­
sands. -Drilling was carried on for some
time before the contingent marched to the!
appointed place at Fade S t . . /
i
The Great Northern trains brought im­
mense numbers from Drogheda, Balbriggan, Skerries, Lusk, and other centres, atui
most of these formed in military order
outside Amiens St. station and marohed
to the centre of the city. Tho precisian
and orderliness characterising the move­
ments of the country contingents were a
universal subject of admiration.
They*
took up their allotted places with mathe­
matical accuracy, and marched in splendid
order to the cemetery.
L I N E D U P IN O R D E R .
B y 1 o'clock a dense crowd extended a l l
the way from North Frederick street to
O'Connell Bridge. Instinctively, the people
lined up i n positions which did not in the
meantime interfere with the tram and
vehicular traffic, and not the slightest comI plication occurred.
Dorset St., Upper and Lower, was almost
impassable, ana here, as,well as elsewhere,the tricolour, draped in black, was promin­
ently displayed from windows and other
vantage points. I f was jdso observed that
the blinds in many houses were drawn in
O'Connell St., Frederick«t., Berkeley road,
Phibsborough, and Fingjas road.
Precisely at 3 p.m. the advance guard of
Irish Volunteers wheeled around from
1
i M W m f l)e JrrllrtrV
1
1
152.
-| spacious thoroughfare, could be numbered
by tens, of thousands. T h e steady, martial
tramp of the Volunteer* alone broke the
prevailing stillness.
*
THE
" SOLDIER'S SONG."
Impressive to a degree was the repre­
sentation of priests, who were respectfully
greeted. Heads were bared as the hearse
moved slowly by, and numbers prayed
audibly. A t h r i l l went through the mul­
titude as the St. James's B a n d , heading
the I r i s h Volunteers, struck up " The Sol­
dier's Song." Other bands following played
various* national airs, the contingents step­
ping out at a quick m a r c h . T h e Countess
Markievicz, who headed companies of the
Citizen A r m y , was cheered at various
points en route. She was i n the full Vol­
unteer uniform, and carried a revolver i n
her belt. A number of Volunteer officers,
also i n uniform, were cheered.
THE
M E N
FROM
KERRY.
N a t u r a l l y , the men from K e r r y attracted
much attention. They were identified by a
bannerette containing the inscription "Con-1
tingent from K e r r y , " and their splendid
physique and fine comportment
elicited
murmurs of admiration, interspersed with
cries of " U p , K e r r y . " One of the K e r r y men, who seemed to be close on 7 feet in
height, and built like a Hercules, was the
cynosure of a l l eyes. They were permitted
to enter the cemetery immediately after
the chief mourner?.
A dramatic and touching scene was wit-;
nessed as the head of the procession reached
the Mater Hospital.
T h e two prisoners,;
(iriffey and B a r r y , at present patients;
there, had their beds moved to a window j
from which they viewed the historic scene, j
T h e i r presence became known, and the
order " E y e s r i g h t " was given,
and
promptly obeyed. The hospital having been
passed, the order " Eyes f r o n t " rang out,
and the processionists moved on rapidly.
PASSING
T H E
PRISON.
Mountjoy prison, which was heavily
guarded, was passed in almost deathlike
silence.
A t a later stage, Avhpn the band
of the I r i s h National Foresters was pass­
ing the M a t e r Hospital, they played, with
m u c h impresfciveness " The Memory of
the Dead," while cheer* were raised for
Messrs. Griffey and B a r r y . T h e Mater was
also the object of a p o j a l a r demonstrationon the r e t u r n j o u r n e y r
A crowd of stalwart Tipperary men
marched, headed by a banner w ith the
inscription, " W e w i l l not forget; we w i l l
never forgive. Remember A s h e . "
The Longford S i n n F e i n Clubs made a
brave display, as did those from Westmeath. Bosoommon, and other centres i n
the Midlands, North, South, and West.
piece of organisation. They \rere i n the
hands of 7 Companies of the 1st Batt. I r i s h
Volunteers, under command of.-Vice-Coin.'
mandant Thos. B y r n e ,
Captains Balfe,M'Guirk, Flood, l.evans, and Lieuts. Corle s and F r a n k M'Cahe.
F r o m the f r o n t
entrance of the cemetery down to the end
of Finglas road cordons of Volunteers in
charge of u n i f o r m e d officers
kent
the
thoroughfare clear before the a r r i v a l of t h e
procession, and
no
one
was allowed
t h r o u g h save those who had street passes
issued by the organisers.
F r o m the m a i n entrance gates to the
M o r t u a r y Chapel and on to the graveside
the pathway was- l i n e dW i t h young men on
c i t h e r side, and a, circle was formed by
another contingent around
tho
grave,
w h i c h is i n the Fenian Plot next to that
of the o l d F e n i a n chiefs. John O'Lcary
and James Stephens', w h i l e close by are
"^the graves of O'Denovan Eossa. " The
O'luihillv. and M r s Thomas M ' D o n a g h .
T h f result of the elaborate system of orf lisation was, t h a t there was no ovort wding o r crush of gmlookers, and everyi i i i g p e r t a i n i n g to the sad ceremony was
a model of reverence and decorum..
s
H |
REMAINS ARRIVE.
let #.15 p.m. a bugle call at -the main
trance to]d of the a r r i v a l of the remains.,
ileaded by the l o n g ' l i n e of clergy, regular
i a n d secular, the hearse passed i n through
Pthe gates to the Mortaarv Chapel through
I lines of Volunteers standing to attention.
I The coffin was removed inside and placed
i in front of the altar, where prayers were
recited by the E e v . James Fitzgibbon,
C . C . , A r r a n quay. Then began the melan­
choly procession to the graveside. Down
the pathwav the coffin, covered over with
the JRemihlican flag, was borne on the
shoulders of six uniformed men, while i n
front marched the clergy, chanting i n
chome the solemn strains of Dies Irae.
A solemn silence pervaded the whole artmosphere when the last words had b e
chajj^ed, Suddenly, the music of the Dead
March in "Saul" came floating in from the
roadway outside, emphasising a hundred­
fold the Nation's mourning, and arousing
tender memories of poor Ashe.
COFFIN
INSCRIPTION.
The coffin was placed on a green 6 w a r d
near the newdy-made grave while the flag
w i t h which it was enshrouded was re­
moved. Worked on the breastplate were
two ''Republican flags, and there was the
following inscription:—
S T R I K I N G SPECTACLE.
P a r t i c u l a r l v striking was the spectacle
presented b y "the Trades bodies, who assem­
bled i n thousands, displaying beautiful i
banners draped with black. Nothing could j
be more picturesque and impressive than
t h e muster of the girl scouts. T h e i r at-1
tractive uniforms made them particularly
prominent and their obvious earnestness
and enthusiasm gripped, the attention' of '
the onlookers.
I n jthe vicinity of Glasnevin enormous
throngs had been gathered for many weary
hours, and here, as elsewhere, the best of
order prevailed. W h e n CJOSS Guns B r i d g e
was reached, t h e marbhing thousands
slowed
down
occasionally
to
a
funeral
pace.
The
bands,
which
had
been
playing
varied
quick-step
music up to now. changed to t h e solemn
dirges of funeral marches, while
the
pipers played I r i s h lamentations.
f
"MARCHiNG
2i
HOURS:
1
AT
The ar:
I tha x*jr»w
T H E CEMETERY
On
of.
jgftaxJ
SOME
OF T H E WREATHS,
I t would be impossible to give anything
like a full list of wreaths, as close on 300
were placed on the grave. The following
were among those who sent them:—
T h e S o c i a l i s t P a r t y of I r e l a n d ; L i m e r i c k C l o t h ­
ing F a c t o r y W o r k e r s ; " B e n m o r e , " G l e n a r m , C o ,
A n t r i m ; skerries Sinn F e i n C l u b ; Shelia and Josie
Gunning;\Tralee
Gaelic
League;
A d m i r e r * In
A r n o t t anil C o . ; t h e O ' H a n r a h a n a ; N u r s e L i l y
B y r n e ; P u p i U of C o r d u f f N a t i o n a l S c h o o l ; M r s .
Dudley E d w a r d s ; Mrs. M'lnerney,
Ennlstymon;
Coisde Gnotha. Dorothy Hungerford, L u s k I . N . V . ;
May
M'Elleamey,
Cheadington.
Volunveew, and Cumann na mBan, Tipperary,
Cumann Eamonn Ceannt, A t h Cliat; the Dublui
Sanitary Staff; J i m and Mrs. Clarke, Ballybunton;
Cumann na mBan, Tralee; Dublin Brigade I . V . ;
N u r s e L I U O ' B y r n e ; J a s . a n d M a y O ' B r i e n , Skibbereen; T h e O ' H a n r a h a n Sinn F e i n C l u b , BagenaLstbwn; J . J . Byrne, F . Thornton, Thos. Waleh, J a s .
MOrrissev, M l . Mervyn, J . J . Bourke, J . J . Deasington, fellow-prisoner? a t L e w e s ; I . V . Kilteely,
Limerick ; P a t Soootes Sinn F e i n Club, Ballybunion ;
E.nplovea Municipal Workshops, Stanley S t . ; I . N .
Volunteer*; the O'Rahilly S.F. Club, Dublin ; J . J .
W a l s h a n d Sisters-, O ' R a h i l l y S i n n F e i n C l u b , K i l l a n n y . C o . L o u t h ; E m p l o y e * of W a g g o n a n d S a w m i l l D e p t . , B r o a d s t o n e ; B a l b r i g g a n ; Aine- B u r n taebhac
C.
Ceannt;
Pembroke
St.
Club,
Tralee; M r . and Mrs. Kinahan, Emerald G e m :
A t t e n d a n t N u r s e s a n d T r a d e s Staff, R i c h m o n d
A s v l u m ; M u i n n t i r ui D a l a i g h L u r n n i g h ; C o m ­
mittee of the I r i s h W o r a w ' s Franchise L e a g u e ;
C l a n n n a n G a o d h a l Girl Scouts, I . A . A . ; Coisde
Gnotha Couinadh na nGaodhal; Flanna Saomne;
Mrs.- E a m o n n C e a n n t a n d R o n a n ; M r . a n d M r s .
' J . D . M ' D e r m o t t ; Officers a n d M e n , 5 t h B a t t . ,
the L o n g f o r d S i n n F e i n C l u b ; C r a o b h n a n A ' r n e ,
fill A i r n e ; Maeve C a v a n a g h ; Clann C o l u m : Craobn
Sean Mac D i a r m u d a i mBeal Felrsde; Sheila and
Joe G a n n i n a ; A r d Coigde Sinn F e i n ; M r * . D a v i s
and M r s . M o r a n ; M r s . M a c l n e r n e . v , M a u r a M a c Inerney, Sean Maolnerney, Ennistyrnon; Muinntir
Rinn Duis Mharbh Airgead; Cunn Annacbt na
n K i r e a n n ; Nelson Pillar, M r s . M . W . ; B e n Mor,
Gleaarm, Co. Antrim;
Employes,
Loco.
Shop,
M.G.W.R.; Lusk
Company I . V . ; Skerries
Sinn
Fein Club; . ^ R e b e l F a m i l y ; O Chuallact Cosnamh a n a Oaedhilge i d T r a i g h l i ; Padraig and Mrs
Ashe, C o . C l a r e : A. G u l l y ; Admirers, A r n o t t and
Co.; A n Irish Mother and Children; M r s . Kilkelly
and M r s . L i t t l e ; N a F i a n n a S o i r e e : N e T l i e ; S e a n
M ' G a r r y ; Micbeal Collins; Diarmuid L y n c h : others
f r o m N a t i o n a l A i d Offices: 3 0 t o 4 0 p l a c e d on
g r a v e ; 40 w r e a t h s m a d e b y D u b l i n B r a n c h e s of
C u m a n j i n a m B a n ; w r e a t h from t h e B o y s of St.
E n d a ' s : Sinn F e i n Club. G r a n a r d ; P . D . Cusack,
G r a n a r d ; Sinn F e i n Cluh, Carlow.
THE
The relatives then walked slowly round
the cotfin The father, a splendid type
of the sturdy^ old K e r r y peasant, could not
restrain his grief, and when the remains
were lowered into their last resting place,
there was scarcely a dry eye present. T h e
oiergy then chanted the inspiring Miserere
and
Benediction, after which the grave
f as filled in. Father Fitagibbon recited
the De Profundis, and the responses were
given by all the clergy present. A decade
of t h e Eosary in I r i s h was next given by
the Eov. Father Augustine. O . S . F . C . , and
practically a l l present replied in the verna­
cular.
CROWDS
DISPERSE
A striking feature of tho stupendous
assembly in the city—processionists and
^spectators alike—was the admirable good
1 order, sobriety, discipline, and most re­
spectful hearing of all taking part. I t
w a s a worthy tribute of respect and
" L A S T P O S T " A N D VOLLEYS.
Then came the last imposing tributes to •honour to the memory of the dead, and
a
wonderful expression of the
Irish
the memory of the dead. The firing party'
people's sympathy with the comrades and
consisting of 8 nicked Volunteers, under 1 relatives of Thomas Ashe.
Capt. L i a m Clarke, took up a position 10
The
arrangements were carried
out
yards in front of the grave, and with mili­
under the Executive of tho Wolfe Tone
tary skill and precision
fired
three
volleys
over
the
freshly
covered-in ; Memorial Association, and the marshal?
I ling arrangements by the Brigade Council
rave of their dead comrade. The " L a s t
Dublin Battalion I . Volunteers.
est " was sounded by the trumpeters, and
Vice-Commandant Michael Collins, stand­
G R E A T MUSTER O F PRIESTS.
ing at the head of the grave, speaking first
N e a r l y 200 p r i e s t s w a l k e d i n t h e p r o c e s s i o n , in­
ia Irish and then in English, said r—
cluding
Rev. J . Hoey, P . P . , L u s k ;
Rev. M .
"Nothing additional remains to be ' T o h e r . CK., d o . ; R e v . F . F a r r i n g t o n , A u p h r i m
said.
That volley which we have j u s t
St.; Rev. T . Tuomey, Clondalkin; Rev. T . Fahev,
Mavnooth; Rev. M . J . Ryan, TJuirles; Rev. D r .
heard is the only speech which it is
O Dwyer, do.; R e v . J . Roughan. C M . , Phibsboro';
roper to make above the grave of a
R e v . J . C u s s e n . do.; R e v . C . O ' C o n n e l l , d o . ; R e v .
ead Fenian.!'
P. O'Gorman. d o . ; R e v . F . O ' R e g a n , d o . ; R e v . M.
Hundreds of tender hands next carried
Gallagher,
do.;
Rev. M .
M'Garry,
do.: F:\
floral tributes to \he grave, and in a few
AUgufittne. O . S . F . C ; F r . A l b e r t , F r . - S t a n i s l a u s ,
Fr.
Aloysuis, C r . Sylvester, F r . Alphonsus, F r
minutes the red earth was covered over
Mat h a w . O . S . F . C , V o r k : F r . Dowlipnr, n.P. i F r o v . ) ;
yiy^
beaut iful ti
T s Th* waiting con1
As the hearse t u r n e d ^inte F i n g l a s road
iho congestion was such that the proces­
sion was' obliged to moi'e at a very slow ;
pace T h e cemetery gates were reached a I
few
minutes before i .Jo'clock—2J hours
after the s t a r t from tale C i t y H a l l , A n j
idea of the iminer.«ity df the demonstra­
tion can be gathered from the fact t h a t
m a n y of the bodies participatine were u n - '
able to proceed f u r t h e r - t h a n Blessington
a n d others were obriged to break u p
A the vicinity of P hi b she rough and Cross
iuns Bridge.
1
The dispersal after the funeral was con­
ducted w i t h extraordinary regularity, and
the enormous procession melted back again
and merged in Jhe most orderly manner
into the crowds in the city.
The con­
tingents marched in squads, companies,
and sections by many different routes—Old
Phibsborough E d . , Botanic Ave., Iona 1M.,
Lindsay E d . , and W h i t w o r t h E d . ; subur; ban and outlying d i s t r i c t sections went by
• N . C. E d . , and thence down to the Nor| thern quays, or crossed the c i t y via the
routes above named, while N . Dublin con| tingents left by Finglas, Glasnevin, or,
Drumcondrat A n imposing array of Irish
I Volunteers was drawn up i n Parnell
] souare at 7 p.m., when about 5,000 men
. of the 4 Dublin battalions were dismissed
by their respective commandants.
ComAr •^54r>
CeAntiAjro, Co. Ci^fiMAije,
CAOipeAc AJI &]\m pobtACXA ti4 b6i|ieAnn,
•ojhtlAinj bap AM ron A tifte
4« 2 5 I A ne ifteAoon tTo^mAiji, 1917,
A]i Aop A 32 btiAnA -00.
1 TIIOJACC UAllAath 5 0 |1Atb A AtlAfn.
0
A
-.vfttB W ^ o l u H l l ' e l V W f c T W f l BJ l i l t
E e r r y eorps, then pourexr into the cemetery
four deep, passed around the grave, and out
through the old gate near St. Teresa's road.
For over two hours pilgrims passed in
and out near the graveside, and it was 6
o'clock when the cemetery gates were closed.
(
S
1
w
--••Kitie '
FT. H e a d l e y , O . P . ; F r . Q'N,ejH, CP.;
Fr.. Master. I
son, O . P . ; F r . C r o f t s , O P , Droghedar; F r . L y n c h
O . F . J I . ; Rev. T . H a r r i s , - K U t e m e ^ ; Rev. . J , - B r e e n ,
Millstreet; R e v . M . Scanlan, P . P . , Spa, T r a l e e r
Rev. T . L y n e , Tralee; Rev. J . Kelly, C M . , C o r k ;
R e v . T . C o r c o r a n , B . J . ; Rev. P . Connolly,
BJ.;
I Rev. P . Gannon, .S.I.; Ray. M. M'Crave, S . J . ;
i Rev J . J . H a n n a n
S . J . ; Rev. -B. Mtehan, C M . ,
P r e s . , c a s t l e k n o c k " C o U . ' ; Reri F . C a r r o l l , C M . , ,
D r u m c o n d r a ; R e v . D r . Coffey, M a y n o o t h C o l l e g e ;
Rev. P . Connolly, d o . ; Rev. Dr.' Pierse, do:; R e v i D r . C l e a r y , d o . ; R e v . Dr^ Kir in a n e 7 d o . ; R e v . T .
F a h y , do.; Rev. D r . D'Alton, do.; Rev. E . O'Kissane,
do.;
Rev.
Dr. Browne,
do.;
Rev.
M.
M ' S w e e n e y . d o . ; R e v . F . O ' N o w l a n , R e v . T . .1.
Murray,
Chaplain
Mater
Hospital;
Rev.
T.
M a c G r a t h , L a k e l a n d s ; R e v . D r . Magui»e, A l l H a l ­
l o w s ; R e v . J . M . Cbstelld©,' feS. 'Michael
and
J o h n ' s , D u b l i n ; Rev-. P.- F l a n a g a n - , - O . C . , K i n g s e n d ;
I Rev. H . T h o r n t o n , H e n r i e t t a St.:" Rev. 'P. G a v i n ,
R o e b u c k ; R e v . . P . ' 0 * B y r n e , S f . M o h a n ' s ; Rev'. F .
' O'.Mahony, B l a c k r o e k ; Rev> T . M a n n i n g , R e v . J .
Kelly, Rattifarnhaiii; Rev. A . Farrell, Donnybrook;
Rev. J . O'Toole, d o . ; Rev. P . M'Auliffe; R a n e l a g h ;
Rev. M . V Ronan, Pro-Cathedral; Rev. M. C u m i n ,
Archbishop's H o u s e ; Rev. L . M . Gerhard, O . C . O . ;
Rev. J . M . R a b b i t t e , O . C . C . ; Rev. D. B . D e v l i n ,
O . C C . J R e v . M . H i e kev, - N a t i o n a l U n i v e r s i t y ; F r .
O'Kano, B e l f a s t ; Rev. T.' Burke,' Galwtfy; R e v .
O ' R a h i l l y ( r e p r e s e n t i n g t h « G a e l i c L e a g u e tt
New
i ' o r r ) ; R e v . .1. O ' B r i e n , C o r k ; R e v . F . O ' B r i e n ,
O . D . C ; Rev. P. Deenihan, K e r r y ; Rev. T . Connor,
do.; Rev. J . P. Kelly, K i l k e l l y ; Rev. J . Russell,
R e v . - J . Devine, A c h o n r y ; R«v. P . O'Reilly, New
Y o r k : Rev. J . O'Shea. A g l i s h ; ; Rev. M . F i t z ­
g e r a l d , A r d f e r t ; R e v . T : K'eappock,'We»ttneat*;
R e v . F . C a s e y , d o . ; R e v . F . R o d y , S t r o k e stow n ;
Rev. T . Conners, Sacramento;
Rev. F . Hayes,
Newcastlewest; Rev. M A- O'Shea, dp.; Rev. M .
O'SulliTa*. Margaret
Ml)onnell,
ning
(Dublia);
Rita
Defane,
K a t i e at. Griffin, P a d r a i g , S e a l
J a m e s a n d Bob A s h e , T o m A
George M ' D o n n e l l , M l . a n d P a d r
Grimn", T i m M o r i a n y , J a s . K s
T o m Griffin, T i m , J a c k a n d J o t
L y n e , J a s . O'Connor, P . O ' S u d i
Casey, T i m Broenan,
Dr.
anc
Tom,
J o n n a n d M l . Sbeehy, P..
rett, M a u r i c e Konn»dy
£
THE
P.
Bar-
GENERAL T>U6LIC.
,
I t would be impossible to give a n y t h i n g tixm
a l u l l list oi public m e n present. T h e r i n c l u d e d : —
T h e L o r d Mayor <* D u b . i n , C o w r t ' W u n k . i . , '
Irigan, F . M'Guin:
n^ry? P . L . G . . Nenagb; M .
| ! * ^ , V
J . . R . Connolly, T o w n C l e r k D r ^ i b e . i a .
P L . G . , Arde»; M a r t i n O DwycT,
- ••
Jas
T . O'Connor, C o . C , K e r r y ,
J.
nell, M . C . C . , do.; T . D e n n e h y t a t ,
sSttery. R . b X . . do.: T . B">
^ ^ ^ K e a n i ;
FdUo?'
C
e
u
1
^ - % G « :
J . u_oj«,
^ ' o ^ n ' ' ; .„ ; ,»
"
fhJblia
'o^Brie^
I^lan,
Editor
4«r«.i»i
A.
ty$>?°'%:
L i m e r i c k ; P. De Lougbrey,
T . C . K U K e n n j , .^i.
o u i n l a n , H . D . C . . . T r a l e e ; J . %»Ux,
^ . ' . J , ™ ^
H a r b o u r Commissioner!.;
D r . y u i n i a , . . , x * S~f. rr.
Spring, R . D . C . , K U l a r n e y ; Dr
Al .NabbT . M'Sweeney a n d
'. i.
i_ u!
D.C.,
B a l l y l a n d e r s ; Dr.- » i l on-.
Lynn. P .
gan, solr.; C . G a r a n D u l l y , D i . K a u u e e n i . y u " .
J
Rooney, E d i t o r
Doreswrs
jouru»».
T h e following were a m o n g s t the I
"er»
n
l
a
1
)LV
L^cy
-Jami
D^psey.
V . Poole, W . 0 li^
Jamee
!
vine, R e v
K. Morrtesey, K i l b r i d e ; R e v . M .
Traynor, Clondalkin; Rev. F . Keane, Sierra L e o n e ;
Rev. F . Millet, R e v . T . M ' G r a t h , Clifton; Rev. F .
Sw^etman. O.8.B., Gorey; Rev. M . Kielty, D . D . ,
P.P.,
Ba!!ygar; Rev. C . P. O'Hea, 0.8.A.;
Rev.
L. M. Hughes, O . S . A . ; Rev. E . Flynn, R a t n a t h ;
R e v . 0 . K e h o e , C a m o l l n ; - R e v . R;- G a u l , F e r n * ;
Rev. M . O'Flaoaaan, CrosSiw; Rev: M . Kivleh&n,
! Old t o w n ; R e v . J . I l e a , L i m e r i c k ; R e v . W„ F .
Keane, C . S . S p . ; Rev. D. O'Brien, C.S.Sp., Trini­
dad; Rev. J . Smith, C P . , Mount Argus; Rev. J .
O'Boyle, do.; Rev. D . K a n e , do.; Rev. K . F a r *
relly, do.; R e v . I I . Wills, d o . ; R e v . B . K e e g a n ,
CP.,
Sandymount;
Rev. M . Blake,
Glasnevin;
Rev. J . Casey, Longford; Rev. M. O'Brien, K i l l ; Rev. J . J a m e s , Ballyroa; Rev. M . O'Shea, Btillo r g a n ; R e v . J . D o n n e l l y , P.P.', A f d g l a s s ; R e v . M .
F a h v , G o r t ; R e v . YY. M a c D o n a l d , D u b l i n ; R e v .
F
Stafford, C . S . S p . ; Rev. P . A . Doyle, O . 8 . A . ;
R e v . J . Manning, Rev. P: W a l s h , Kiieloon; . R e r .
J.
L . L y n c h , O . F . M . ; Rev. M. O'Rourke,
St.
Agatha's D u b l i n ; Rev. J . M . Xeary, do.;
Rev.
M.
J . R v a n , Vice-Pres, Thurles College;
Rev.
J . W . Gerrard, Capetown;
Christian
Brothers,
Dublin:
Carmelite
Brothers,
Clondalkin;
Rev.
Bro
Gabriel, O.P.
Galligan, M . M " ' ' ' ' . ^ . ' ' ^
ily
T.
Con Collins, Michael
I'lemiug.r.Keuy.
n a n , Oastiegregory; D e n i s u . w u a g n s n .
Broa-
K c
T h e members d
'j!?.
O'DobeftyT
the National
8o«ta
Mie
Ai
'.
Math'ghamhma,
M l -
j ' e b n ' M u r p h y !>"* O ' H e g a r t y I . E O ' C a r r o d J J .
K e l l y , J o h n Gore, W m
O Bnen. T. * * J " ;
C o r n i a n , Dr. Mat RnsseB, and B r . " P . .
**" "**\
WoUo
Tone
Memorial ^Comra t t ^ - M e a » i » .
3.
r» n L v n c h . S. O M u r t h d l e , M . CtxUros, G .
O o m n ^ j i s : sfritch. J . R . Beynolds, M . Slater.
,
Coiste
Gnotba.
Connradh
sa
r l ^ S ^ M A * 0 C e a l l a i g h , V i c c - r r e s . ; Alaire ->i c-n.uuc a«,
. . .
T o m a s O M u i r g h e a s a , B.1...
"
ii«icnan' T
Deora
F r i n s e a c h , Sean
» *«, ^ 'o'BroWbain';
? ^ ) $ * i £ u n & l e a m u s O C a f h a s a i g h ; Sean
r
e
S
1
M
e
r a
n
:
^ i s h ^ N a U ' o n a l F o r e s t e r s : _ D u b l i n D i s t r i c t official.
M f K . r s * T . J . I»rini. C h a i r m a r c 8. J . ,
present—Messrs.
i.
M o r r s, P . D o r a n .
M u r p h y , n S e c . .s ^ •s eJ ^ S i ^ n : - A .
M. Sullivan,
The b ^ ^ f P S
o w o n Roe O'Neill, I n d . p « tll
V
cfoke, Benburb
Father Tom
burke,
1
T
LIST O F CONTINGENTS.
T b a following la * liet o f ' p l a c e s from where con­
tingents were p r e s e n t a n d e* p u b l i c bodies r e p r e ­
sented:—
Liverpool, Roscrea, Armagb, Co. A r m a g h E x e c u ­
tive S i n n F e i n , B a l l i n a s l o e . A t h e n r y , C l a r e n b r i d g e .
G a l w a y C i t y , L o n g h r e a , A x d x a h a n , D u n n i o r e , Oookatown, Oo. T y r o n e ; N e w r y , M o a t e , W h i t e c r o s s , C o .
A r m a A ; F e t h a r d , L a l x Oo. B o a r d G . A . A . ; C l a r a
I . N . V . , T r i m S J " . O l u b , Soarilf S . F . , N e w c a s t l e
Gaelio League, TuRamore G u a r d i a n s , K l l f l n n a n a ,
D u n m o r o S . F . , CSohane, K i l m a l l o c k , O h t t o w n , Oo.
Dublin, Castlepollard, Baliiuainuck, TIarold's Cross
N.F.;
Donohill, L i m e r i c k C o . C . (Anthony
Mafkey
and M . O'MahonyL Killonan, Limerick City S i n n
F e i n , K e r r y Go. C/ouncil ( J . J . M ' K e n n a , O h a l r man); Listowel U . D . C . and Gaelic League;
Mayo
O . A . A . Oo. B o a r d ; B a l h n a g h , C o . T i p p e j a r y , D r .
O'Dwyer S . F . O l u b a n d C a s e m e n t Q l u b , L i m e r i c k :
; Wieklow 8 . F . C l u b , Claremorris, Galway City S . F . a n d
Volunteer*, M o n a g h a n 8 . F . a i d I . V . ; CtootahilL t n niskilleu, a n d K i n g s c o u r t S . F . Grubs, K d c o c k , K u m o r e ,
G r a n a r d , E l p h i n S . F . , I.einster C o . B o a r d G A . A . ;
New R o s s , L e i x , W e x f o r d , E n n i s c o r t h y a n d M n l lingar G . A . A . ; Balbriggan S . F . ; BcUast C u m a n n na^tnBan O a r l o w C u m a n n - n a - m B a n . S t r a b a n e , * ohenah a n d K i l l o a (BailuiaslpeJ.. Hellast City
H.t.
Mounfcratb, M o u n t m e l l k - k , A t h y . C^rTirk-Qn-aha»JM>a,
Queenstown
( J . Campbell,
Town
Clerk);
COT#
Gaelio
League,
Tinnaranny,
Ardfinane,
l>un>
» h o n , (Oo. T i p p e r a r y ) ; Diing>«mon. T e m p l e t n o h y .
B a g n a k t o w n , T a r s n o n b a r r y (Oo U o s c o m m o n l , G q r E
i Cum*nn-na-mBan,
Limerick I.N.T.O.,
Cork
City
' I V Pomeroy, C s r r i c k i B a c r o s s , j C o r k F i a n n a ,
tt.ilk e n n y I . V . , I r i s h C l u b a n d O a # i c Le«Bu«i. K i l mallock; Bruit, L e g a n
Carrickedmoad
MulUr^haa
and L o n g h d u H ; C o r k R u r a l a n d Poor L a w B o a r d s .
C o a l i s l a n d , W e x i o r d , Oldeastle, W e s t p o r t , N. M e a t h
S F . E x e c u U r e ; B a l l y c a s t l e , O u l l e n ^Oo. T i p p e i r a r y ) ,
Cortown, T u a m , Brureo K e n m a r e . Mountbrtw S J .
Club. Roscommon,
Teomgraney,
Co. Carlow; a r t .
Hare C o . E x e c u t i v e
S . F . ; Doon, Co. L i m e r i c k ;
S a l o g k e a d S . F . , T r a l e e , D i n g l e , •Oastlegregory B a l linadeeTTempIetuohy, Ardee, Dunboyne, I n m i 2 5 0 / .
Dunleary.
K i n r o s s . Edenderry, SUllargaw • .Drtimbaragh
(I.V..
26),
Castlcdfermott.
Vrtiitehcad,
^ c w ^ R o s s R.I3.C. (Mr. J . . Dunphy) and G u a r d i a n .
( J . J . Joye« a n d J . C u m m i n s ) , H o s p i t a l , B o y l s S . F . . ^
Cootenlll,
Tipperary Teachers
l A . Mansfield,
F.
L j O i c h a n d T . K . - l l y ) , C a l l a n S . F . . A n a o a r t h y ,Oo.
Tipperary), Inchicore S . F . , BaUinasloe S . F . , L u s k
C u m a n n n a m B a n . S t . P a t r i c k ' s College, D r u m condra ( 1 5 0 ) ; Galtee I . V . , Ballylandeie F . O . a n d
8 F . C . . D u b l i n D i s t r i c t I . N . F . , D e r r y b.F.0.
and
I V . . TuBow, Carrick-on-Suir S . F . C . and GuaMUana
Hlckey, O l w k ) , -Cl^nmel. G n a r d i a n s
(Mektts.
Mulcahy and Lyon*) a n d S . F . . B w W e b a r B.F.Cr.WJ.
j
Oo llin s , U . D . C ) . B a U i n a h u x l U b S . F . C . , M o a O l .
Strabane, D u b l i n E v i c t e d Tenants'
Association.
D
1
J
THE
RELATIVES.
T h e relatliea present a t funeral
were:—Gregory
Ashe
(lathei);
M r s / Devane, H a n n a h a n d
Nora
Aahe (sisters); J o h n A s h e (brother); M l . D « * °
(brother-in-law);
James Ashe
(uncle);
ttev.
».
Scanlan, Ref. T . Lyne, Rev. J a s
. ^ ^ ^ f i n .
OFlah
Ashe,.
T
it A the,
Hanifin,
e, TP. J .
Pat a n d
y/TJ .
ind J a s .
a
'l'aiidv
S t . GolunibkUle.
••*•-, * .
„
r r ^ n t i v e was represented a m o n g
.The Sinn Fein ^
S , 1 b s ' - o e s n Breen, C h a s .
otheTS mentioned e w t w i
i
^ ^ ^ J J ^£ , K a m o n a
Murphy, A
?
..
| » „ , . ' Miss P l u n k e t t , 8 — n P .
Oeannt, Mrs. w i s e *
-vj, h
Gen. Sec.;
Jame.
OampbeU. ^ » ¥ « . V k e
Siionn
Price.
Joseph
R a t h . cXl
B r u ^ . J . J - CI-sW,
C'Scedg^.
y
C
(
r
w
p
v
w
r
f
i m
l
T
sented by Messrs M - J . Pender^
^
M.
and J . J - ScoUan. Nat cec., ^
• .O.U.
ia
Clarke, Bntte, Montana, . ^ f , ^ i o m Kerry,
A m e r i c a . Delegates wore auci i . - .
on.
Cork, Louth. Derry. A r « "
T
u
r
Q
r
A
s
K
r
r
U
o
i
0
0
m
l
n
MESSAGES O F SYMPATHY.
The Most Kev. J)r.
Walsh wrote as
fol­
T
lows to the ; o r d I f s y o r :
" I feel i t a d u t y to take p a r t i n (h»
p u b l i c protest t h a t w i l l find expression
in the filneral.
K i n d l y .-ay to w h a t
place I should send my car, so t h a t i t
can most conveniently
find
in
the procession."
Messages of condolence were rece1ve3' from,'
amongst
others:—FitzGerald,
Ardi'ert;
Father
O ' M a h o n y , B l a c k r o e k C o l l . ; T h o s . Jsc-idly, D r u m c o n d r a ; Miss Heriernan, N. C . R o a d ,
Dublin;
C u m a n n n a m B a n , C a r l o w ; E i b h h ' n de B u i t l e i r ,
Sandymount; Cappamore Sinn Fein C l u b ; David
K e n t , C o r k ; M . Sheehy, Clongowes Wood C o l l . ;
Father Hill, Tralee; h
MorkaD; B i r r : M . O'Connell, C a r d o n a g h ; O'MuirtliuirTe, L T m e f i c k ; G e r a l d
and Annie L e a h y , L i m e r i c k ; Limerick Teachers'
Association; J . J . C.DpqnejJ, Tralee; MrSheehan,C a r n e w ; V. P o w e r a n d t a m i l y , ' R c ^ k S t . , T s a l .
P. O'Connor, E d g e w o r t h s t o w n ; F a t h e r B r e e n , Millstreet; Kathleen Cronin, Ardfert; Daly, Lime­
rick;
C u m a n n n a m B a n , T i p p e r a r y ; M . Griffin,
L i s t o w e l ; oAvoca S i n n F e i n ; A l i c e G a f f n c y - a n d
M a d g e B r a s s i l , B r a d f o r d ; J . O ' K e i l h "Chairman C o .
, Tibperary
uaelic
League.; L e e . L i m e r i c k ;
the
National Aid Association.
x
INCIDENTS OF T H E D A Y ,
TThe carriages numbered 52.
'Ph* Ladv Foresters m a d e a fine show.^ t a t o r s wept as t h e
hearse passr
Several o l
tolled as tin
Mr J . M
form, marcl
Youths •*
bells were
.teer. unielephsvst
BISHOPS PROTEST
Dr. Fogarty and the
Ashe Tragedy
"HEARTLESS TORTURERS"
W h a t the Triumph of English
Culture Means
The following appears i n to-day's " Free­
man " :—
Dear S i r — P e r m i t me t o thank y o u i n y o u r
columns for your w o r t h y protest against
w h a t I cannot otherwise designate t h a n the
slow k i l l i n g of poor Thomas Ashe.
I t is horrible t h a t the country has t o stand
silently by listening t o the moans of the
decent y o u n g I r i s h boys who are being slowly
done to death behind the walls of M o u n t j o y
Prison b y b r u t a l t y r a n t s ; or t o see t h e m
t h r o w n i n their last gasp out to die l i k e dogs
outside the j a i l door.
They may die as poor Thomas Ashe has
died, b u t w i t h other results t h a n D u b l i n
Castle has dreamed of.
Their deaths w i l l
sanctify t h e m i n the memory of I r e l a n d and
surround t h e i r heartless torturers w i t h h i *
extinguishable hatred and ignominy.
This is the sort of cruelty we were accus­
tomed t o hear of as possible only i n the
ancient Bastille, or the dungeons of Naples,
or the black prisons of Russia; b u t as
altogether impossible under English ' r u l e .
W e have no need t o w a i t for the future t o
i n f o r m us; the w o r l d sees already i n these
hideous atrocities w h a t the t r i u m p h of E n g ­
l i s h culture means for s m a l l nationalities.
I am,
Yours sincerely,
% M . FOGARTY,
Bishop of K i l l a l o e .
-.-.-.) r e a d a l e t t e r f r o m t h e M o s t R e v .
Dr. Fogarty, who wrote:—
" H e a r M r . HOD a n — I c a n n o t c o m e t o y o u r tpeeti n s b u t I j o i n w i t h y o u an<l t h e p e o p l e i n g i v i n g
a w a r m welcome t o t h e b r a v e a n d honourable rewe*errUtiv»> of L a s t C l a r - i . E a m o n n D *
Vaiera,
He
s t a n d ? f o r t h e h o n e s t polxy of I r i s h l n d e nendence which should liave behind it, a n d , pleae*
<;od
will t o o n h a v e b e h i n d i t , t h e w h o l e m a n ­
h o o d of I r e l a n d , bfcth N o r t h a n d S o u t h . H a d w e
t h a t a c k n o w l e d g e d right of e v e r y n a t i o n a l i t y a n d
w e r e w e free t r o m a l l i n t e r m e d d l i n g i n o u r n a ­
t i o n a l affairs by E n g l i s h C a b i n e t s , w h o h a v e m a d e
«uch a m e s s o f t h e i r o w n b i g b u s i n e s s , t h e c o u n ­
t r y w o u l d n o t be c o n v u l s e d a s I t i s n o w b y t h e
h o r r o r of M o u n t j o y P r i s o n , a n d t h e o e a t h
01
poor T h o r r a s A s h e , t o whose
persecuted
soul
mav
t c good C o d show e t e r n a l m e r c y . A t t h i s
moment not cne, but several, young men from
C l a r e are undergoing the s a m e in t h e s a m e de­
grading dungeons, a n d for w h a t c r i m e ?
" T H E L E V E L OF JAIL-BIRDS."
v
"Had
t h e v w r o n g e d or i n j u r e d a n y m a n o r
m e n a c e d p u b l i c p e a c e i n a n y w a y ? tfo; b u t t h e y
had
b e e n o p e n l v d r i l l i n g w i t h n o t h o u g h t of i n ­
j u r y o r i n s u l t to a n y m a n , a n d f o r s o d o i n g t h e y
are* a r r e s t e d — s o m e o f t h e m , I a m t o l d , . n w r e l a d s
of 17 v e a r s — a n d t h r u s t i n t o p r i s o n s a n d d e g r a d e d
t o t h e l e v e l of j a i l - b i r d s , a n d b e c a u s e t h e i r m a n l y
spirit preferred d e a t h to degradations
of
this
k i n d we h a v e t h e h u n g e r - s t r i k e a n d forcible feedins
with all its disgusting episodes.
T h e whole
procedure is, I presume to say, a disgrace
to
civilisation.
G o v e r n m e n t and public order is m i p o s s i b l e in a c o m m u n i t y w h e n y o u n g p e o p l e a r e
tyrannised over as they
a r e n o w in C l a r e by
p V t t v officials b e c a u s e t h e y h a v e t h e a u d a c i t y t o
elect* K a m o n n D e V a l e r a a s t h e i r s t e r l i n g
repre­
sentative.
W i s h i n g y o u r m e e t i n g a n d your efforts
for I r i s h f r e e d o m e v e r y s u c c e s s a n d t h e b l e s s i n g
of G o d . "
• jiffifflV'
-
---
156
X
V
tnid
fork
)?Cu&.
taken from the hall in which theV' *efc.I
and brought together into one winr'ai ih< '
prison. When witness's hell was muf*i'd
he started to kick the door. There was >,.,
explanation us to why they did not g?t the
ordinary exercise on Thurs.
M r . Healy here y, ad the following exUa -l
from tho Chief Secretary's speech;—"It
would he pernicious fbr the Government t i
interfere to aggravate the sentence on pri
soners; they interfered in no way." wthere, asked counsel, interference with tbe.j
prison rules by sonic authority:-—Exercise]
is supposed to be given daily, anrJ on ^he
T h u r s . m o r n i n g we did not get h.
Replying to questions as to his sv.bae-1
quent "treatment, witness said that throe
o r ' f o u r warders came into his cell, took
out the bed board, table and stool, ar.d |
closed (he door. The bedding r a j tot I
taken at t h a t time. About ten minutes!
p l a t e r the warders came back and'icawved
the bed-clothes, cell utensils, and every- \
t i l i n g except his private property. They re­
moved roe card containing the prison rule?.
M r . Healy—That, is, t h a t you Would pet
no t r e a t m e n t in accordance with the prison I
rules—you were treated as an outlaw.
1
v
:
D E P U T Y - G O V E R N O R ' S "POOH-POOH ! " |
"Witness described his resistance to an
attempt of warders to remove his boots; the
warders' catching bold of his arms ;ind left
leg and lifting him from the ground, and
the ultimate removal of the footgear. Can­
vas slippers were brought. He was sithout
boots, clothing, or bed on Thurs. and F r i .
end up to 7 or 8 o'clock on Sat; '-vening. j
They had no exorcya from the W'd. until
the following SiflSfSteek.
j f r . Healy—Am I right in saying that the
application in Sept., to which I
Thief
Secretary refers, t h a t that was rriiised?—
When I went to make uty eliiin the
Deputy-Governor pooh-'poohed the idea.
Did he tell you, as Mr. Duke -uggests,
that it wae under consideration? No.
And there is no foundation for ihe-state­
ment that you organised a prison mutiny
or resorted to some kind of thing as when
you were i n Lewes Jail?—Not until alter
we were deprived of our bedclothes and
u n t i l our cells were stripped.
O n t h e Sat morning witness asjoed the
Deputy Governor who was responsible ior
t h e r e m o v a l of
the bedding, and
the
«n--we- lie L " ! was. "Don"; .• t a k i n g u
; ..-i ot yours - I f . " On T h u r - . night, utter
the removal of his bedding, he wa* not able
to lie down for more than half an hour
ut a time, having to get up and n;v around
his cell to keep the blood i n circulation.
T h e o n l y thing he broke in his• celj was a
lamp-hole, and he also shook an iron bar
between his cell and Mr. Stack's in order
that he might be able to communicate
with him.
M r . L y n c h , proceeding, said he was first
forcibly "fed by Dr. D o w d a l l , hen
placed!
on a high chair and his arms -trapped
about the elbows to the buck of '
<-fu>i".
H i s legs were strapped below the knees to
tho legs of the chair.
fTe opened hisj
mouth voluntarily, and then th< prison
hone-spoon wa« inserted into his mouth.
Ho felt a choking sensation when the tube
reached his throat. He told D r . Dowdall,
and he said it was all right.
:
VOLUNTARILY
FEEDING.
At about dinner time on Sun. -omeone
mentioned that certain prisoners vere tak­
ing food voluntarily. Mr. Stack said if
there was any such to say so, and the>
would bo excused, as they wanted to know
w h o w o u l d .stu-k i t out to the biter end
Two men then admitted that they had
voluntarily taken the foodstuff, one ot
them giving the explanation that he had
(suffered very much when thev attemotc
to feed him. Mr. Stack stated that in
such* cases they should demand 'he pn
sence of an independent doctor during th
feeding operation. M r . Stack him^lf men
tibned that he had suffei^d coa-uderaoh
that day when being fed bv Dr. Dowdall
Mr. Ashe said he agreed v ith liavina at,
outside doctor, that he also ha' -ufterw
158
Mr. Birrelh Exphaatbaj
Mr.
B i r r o J l ' s evidence ^before'- t h o j
R o y a l Commission of inquiry into the I
D u b l i n o u t b r e a k fa m o r e a n e x p l a n a t i o n ,
o f t h e r i s i n g a n d of t h e G o v e r n m e n t '
i n a c t i o n t k a n a p e r s o n a l defence. B u t
t h o u g h t h a t is so i t w i l l , i n t h e m i n d s ,
of a l l f a i r - m i n d e d m e n , v e r y seriously
r e d u c e t h e a m o u n t o f b l t r c e t h a t he
m u s t bear a l o n e . A l m o s t the l a s t seni t e n c e i n h i s e x a m i n a t i o n e x p l a i n s the
J whole tragedy.
Before the war the
• p o l i c y of n o n - i n t e r v e n t i o n i n U l s t e r was
! decided b y t h e C a b i n e t . " F r o m t h a t
j m o m e n t t h e h a n d s o f the I r i s h E x e c u t i v e
were t i e d , espc-islir
after the war
. b r o k e o n t , u n i c e s I h e y desired to c o u r t
j wore© d i s a s t e r s . , T h e Commissioners
j seem to h n v c been p u z z l e d b r one p a r t j
of S i r M a the*- N a t h a n ' s evidence. Tbey
seemed not to ho able to u n d e r s t a n d
w h y t h e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n could n o t have
( u n d e r t a k e n t h e f o r c i b l e d i s a r m a m e n t of
' t h e S i n n F c i n e r s w i t h o u t risking the'dis­
a p p r o v a l of t h e peaceful m a j o r i t y o f t h e
I r i s h p u b l i c . B u t t h e answer i s simple.
As t h e g r e a t E l i z a b e t h a n l a w y e r said,
t h e r e is n o n a t i o n t h a t loves j u s t i c e m o r e
t h a n t h i s I r i s h n a t i o n . A n d t h e speo^
t a c l e o f t h e G o v e r n m e n t t h a t h a d allowed
t h o s e d i t i o n - m o n g e r s of TJUrtef to a r m , :
and d r i l l , and import munitions from)
G e r m a n y unchecked, a t t a c k i n g the I r i s h j
V o l u n t e e r s a n d d i s a r m i n g t h e m by force
before t h e y h a d c o m m i t t e d a n y a r t of
r e b e l l i o n , a n d while t h e leaders prbreiHMf)
t h a t t h e y were m e r e l y f o l l o w i n g S i t
E d w a r d C a r s o n ' * e x a m p l e a n d a r m i n g foijj
defence w o u l d u n d o u b t e d l y have r t n o i t e d ]
m a n y la w-a h i d i n g people i n I r e l a n d . !
" Y o u h a d a r m e d bodies of V o l u n t e e r s I
" n i l over t h e ptaee. I f y o u could haT«i
" g o t disarmament n i l r o u n d it would
" h a v e been a b l e s s i n g : b u t to d i s a r m
" a n y one peotion of t h e p o p u l a t i o n o n
" t h e evidence t h a t we h a d , appeared
" to be a v e r y dangerous a n d d o u b t f u l ,
" p r a p o s i t ^ j ^ ^ i n * t o l e r a t i o n o f thai
F l s t e r sedition prevented t h e Executive
e v e n , u n t i l t h e Defence o f t h e R e a l m A c t
w a * passed, f r o m c o n t r o l l i n g t h e i m p o r t
of arms and ammunition. L o r d H a r dip£« w i n d e r s that t h e Customs A c i
was n o t used., B'Jt i t w a s used, a n d
!
1
j the lawyers of the Provisional Govern-1
m e n t of U l s t e r , wo presume, w i t h t h e
' approval
of t h e present
Attorney-,
| General for Ireland, indicted t h e action
of t h y d E x e c u t i v e i n t h e c o u r t s a n d com-:
pejkfl them t withdraw their prcclamai . t l o n , a n d even t o p a y damages. E v e n
to-day t h e Tress of t h e Covenant is de­
f i a n t i n i t s assertion of t h e r i g h t o f t h e ;
Covenanters t o r e m a i n a r m e d .
T h o E x e c u t i v e was compelled b y S i r
E d w a r d Carson's t r i u m p h s over t h e l a w
t o w a i t a n d see.
B a d as t h e results
have been, e v e r y i n t e l l i g e n t person i n
Ireland knows t h a t they
w o u l d have
been worse i f t h o E x e c u t i v e h a d t a k e n
the initiative i n attack. W h a t would
have been s a i d ?
" Y o u I rave shot
d o w n m e n remorselessly i n t h e s t r e e t s
of D u b l i n f o r d o i n g w h a t y o u p e r m i t t e d
O r a n g e m e n i n B e l f a s t t o do f r e e l y . "
A t least t h e disaster h a s l e f t t h e majo­
r i t y of t h e people of I r e l a n d t h e m e m o r y '
of one A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , w h i c h , w h a t e v e r ;
i t s weakness, a t t e m p t e d t o t r e a t a l l sccticms of t h e I r i s h people w i t h e q u a l i t y ,
a n d equal I n d u l g e n c e .
M r . B i r r e l l is
e v i d e n t l y s t i l l of o p i n i o n fliat t h e policy
w c u d have succeeded b u t f o r t h e s i n i s t e r
a n d u n t o w a r d circumstances t h a t gave
w h a t was a t f i r s t a n e g l i g i b l e f a c t i o n !
t h e s t r e n g t h of a n i n s u r g e n t f o r c e . . The
d o u b t s t h a t were a l l o w e d t o g a t h e r
r o u n d t h e H o m e R u l e A c t were, i n M r .
B i r r e l l ' s o p i n i o n , t h e first influence t h a t
assisted
t h o disastrous
propaganda.
The f o r m a t i o n of t h e Coalition tJoverni n e n t a n d t h e admission of S i r E d w a r d
C a r s o n t o a place i n i t c o n v e r t e d these
doubts into certainties i n the minds of
those whose f a i t h was being u n d e r m i n e d .
M r . B i r r e l l does n o t h e s i t a t e t o i n d i c a t e
t h a t t h e O ' M r i e n c a m p a i g n of disbelief
a n d w h a t he calls t h e ' " d a i l y n a g g i n g "
df t h e " I n d e p e n d e n t " as anvjng t h e e v i l
influences
that
increased
the Siun
F e i n e r s ' s t r e n g t h a n d increased t h e i r
d e s t r u c t i v e force. P e r v a d i n g t h e whole
atmosphere was t h e ' W a r , i t s f o r m i d a b l e
c h a r a c t e r , i t s absence of success, t h e
prospect M ' i t s p r o l o n g a t i o n — a n d , - M r .
I B i r r e l l m i g h t havo added, t h e r e v e l a j t i o n s o f . H h e i n c a p a c i t y of t h o W a c
Office—all tJ'ua roado i t easy t o d u p e
m i n d s i n t o t h e belief i n chances t h a t
never e x i s t e d i n t h e realms o f r e a l i t y .
U n d o u b t e d l y , a« f a r as i t goes, t h i s i s a!>
t r i t e account o f t h e o r i g i n of t h e f e e l i n g !
t h a t made t h e r i s i n g possible, a n d o f t h e
paralysis of G o v e r n m e n t t h a t made i t s
timely
prevention
impossible.
One'
c u r i o u s f e a t u r e o f t h o whole business
w^s t h e absence of r e l i a b l e i n f o r m a t i o n
j.regardiun t h e s t r e n g t h , resource^ a n d
0
(
(
/
i n t e n t i o n s of t h e ' S i n n F e i n e r i :
Mr.
B i r r e l l confesses b i s u t t e r i n c a p a c i t y ,
. w i t j i t h e i n f o r m a t i o n l i e . possessed, t o
m e a s u r e t h e r i s k i n D u b l i n . H e scented
danger.
A m o n t h before t h e r i s i n g h e '
appealed t o L o r d K i t c h e n e r a n d L o r d
French to strengthen the Dublin Garri­
son, a n d m o k e such a p a r a d e o f m i l i t a r y
s t r e n g t h as w o u l d show t h o c o n s p i r a t o r s
w h a t t h e y w o u l d be u p a g a i n s t . * T h e
Secretary of W a r a n d t h e CommanderI iv:-Chicf refused. T h e y w e r e t o o b u s y
A r a i n i n g t r o o p s — a s i f t h e troops c o u l d
h o t t r a i n i n D u b l i n . The i n s u r g e n t s be­
lieved t h a t i f there were a r i s i n g t h e
I G e r m a n s u b m a r i n e s w o u l d keep t h e - I r i s h
Sea c l e a r
of troopships.
Wore the
t r o o p s a l r e a d y here t h a t c a l c u l a t i o n
w o u l d n o t h a v e a v a i l e d t h e m . I f , as S i r
Mathew Nathan sajs, the insurrection
was decided u p o n b y a m a j o r i t y o f <?ne
b y t h e i n s u r g e n t E x e c u t i v e , t h e decision
w o u l d q u i t e c e r t a i n l y have . been t h e
other way had the M i l i t a r y Authorities
dene t h e i r d u t y ,
The irony of the
p o s i t i o n n o w is t h a t t h e peace a n d rei s e t t l e m e n t o f I r e l a n d is n o w i n t h o h a n d s
of t h e s e a u t h o r i t i e s .
The potent conclusion from M r . B i r ­
r e l l ' s evidence i s t h a t t h e s t r e n g t h a n d
mind of the Empire a t tho most critical
m o m e n t of t h e w a r a r e d i v i d e d i n t h e i r
t a s k , a n d t h e p r e s t i g e of t h e E m p i r e
w i t h the hitherto -friendly American
people i m p e r i l l e d b y a d i s a s t e r
that
w o u l d n e v e r have o c c u r r e d h a d I r e l a n d
possessed a N a t i o . i a l G o v e r n m e n t .
It
Vras because t h e S i n n F e i n e r a were left
the power of evil
p r o p h e c y , were able
t o a s s e r t w i t h o u t , t h e c o n t r a d i c t i o n of
i n c o n t r o v e r t i b l e "operative f a c t t h a t I r e ­
l a n d h a d been t r k k e d r n d w o u l d be be• tvayed i n i t s t r u s t that they gathered
(followers.
T h q i r lies needed t h e d i s ­
p r o o f of concrete t r u t h . Because t h e y
i were l e f t t o deal w i t h a G o v e r n m e n t
j t h a t h a d t o l e r a t e d a r m e d s e d i t i o n ttiey
were able t o pursue t h e i r w a y Unchecked.
A N a t i o n a l Government w o u l d have p r e [ vented their growth.
Such a G s v e r n I meat
could h a r e d i s a r m e d t h e m i n
t w e n t y - f o u r hours w i t h t h e h e l p o f t h e
I r i s h Regiments and N a t i o n a l V o l u n ­
teers, a n d t h e e n t i r e a p p r o v a l of t h e
masses of t h e n a t i o n . N o I r i s h M i n i s ­
t e r w o u l d have been as i g n o r a n t as M r .
B i r r e l l \H forced t o confess t h a t he was
Softer h i s n i n e years i n I r e l a n d .
The.
disaster befell because t h e p o l i c y t h a t
' w o u l d have d e s t r o y e d t h e forces o f d i s ­
l o y a l t y a n d d i s o r d e r f o r ever was arrested^
at t h e m o m e n t w h e n t h e n a t i o n ' s hopes
w e r e a b o u t t o be f u l f i l l e d .
Ireland's
history contains t h e s t o r y of many
t r a g e d i e s s p r i n g i n g f r o m d e l a y ; h u t ci­
thern a l l t h i s is tho blackest
T H E
ME.
S I N N
F E I N
I N S U R R E C T I O N .
controversy, w h i c h se*aic<l ai; l a s t to b e "
on i t s w a y to P a r b e m e i i t a r v solution* ah- j
•orbed most of t b e m a r g t e s M active poli-1
t d e i a n i , w h i l s t then* w h o were, o u t o f r e a l j
a r m p a t h j w i t h a m o v e m e n t w h i c h seems j
t o t a e m l i m i t e d fmd" unroa*ant:c, were |
eon t e n t to alio*- the controversy te be
e o n £ a c t » l i n -parliament try able, leaders
sn.-l t» rtflj i t s course w h i l s t t b s y stayed at
b-.»a
and a t t e n d e d , o f , at least, sup­
ported the Gaelie League
a n d other
k i n d r e d and i n f l u e n t i a l societies-
BIREELL'S EXPLANATION.
ORIGIN AND G R O W T H OF SINN
CONTRIBUTORY
FEIN.
CAUSES.
L I T E R A R Y IRISH R E V I V A L .
T h i s period was also m a r k e d b y a
geau'nc l i t e r a r y I r i s h r e v i v a l i n prose,
p o s t r v , aad t h e d r a m a , w h i c h h a d prooiteed remarkable booss and plays and
a c t ' n g . all characterised by o r i g i n v l i t y and
independence of thought and expression
q u i t e d i v o r c e d from any portieaj pa'rtv,
and all. tending towards and feefiSg the
latent desires tor snme k i n d of separate
I r i s h n a t i o n a l existence.
" I t was a
r y r i o t i s s i t u a t i o n * to w a t c h . " continued
M r . ' B i r r e l l , " b u t there wss n o t h i n g i n i t '
suggestive of revolt or r e b e l ' i o n , except i n .
the m a l m of t h o u g h t ; i n d e e d , i t W A S q u i t e
tho o t h e r w a y . T n e Abbey T h e a t r e mad.>
merciless f u n of mad political} enterprises,
Sinn Keunisfrij proceeded M r , B i r r e l l , ' w i s and lashed w i t h savage satire s^me his­
(Special T«l»gram,>
rn i i n l y composed o f the o l d h a i r e d S o d t o r i c a l aspects of the Irish r ? v c l u t i o n a r y
distrust of the ' B r i t i s h connection w h i c h s p i r i t . I was often nmaeed at tbe l i t e r a r y
Westminster, F r l t s T .
«-as always-' at t b e background o f I r i s h d e t a c h m e n t and courage of the play­
Mr, B i n ell gave evidence to-day a t t h o
politics and character.
D r . N e w m a n , w r i g h t , the relentless *• audacity of the
ae-v^nd s i t t i n g of the R o y a l C o m m i s s i o n ,
touring orer i d D u b l i n as an E n g l i s h • actor? and actresses, and t h f - p a t i e n c e and
w h i c h , a* the R o y a l Corn m i Psion's H o u s e ,
C & t h o l i j i n the m i d d l e of the last een eomprehension of the audience.
This ]
, W e s t m i n s t e r , i3 engaged i n i n v e s t i g a t i n g
t».iry<, discovered i f , r/as amazed and dis­ n e w c r i t i c a l tone and t e m p e r , noticeab'e j
the causes of the recent r i s i n g i n I r e l a n d *
gusted at its v i r i l i t y , snd was v e r y glad everywhere, p e n e t r a i i n g everywhere, a n d !
. M r . B r r r a l l was i n t h e w i t n e s s - c h a i r less
to get atr>n f r o m i t . T h i s ' d i s l i k e , h a t r e d Influenoing m a n y m i n d s a n d ranks, w h i l s t
that* an h o u r A r d a half. H e opened b y
* n d d i s l o y a l t y , ao u n i n t e l l i g i b l e t o m9fly h a v i n g i t s d i s i n t e g r a t i n g effects upon o l d i reading a prepared f t a t e m e n t
on t h e
E n g l i s h m e n , is h a r d t o d e f i n e , ' b u t easy t o fashioned p o l i t i c a l beliefs and w o r n - o u t
: nature and h i s t o r y of the S i n n F e i n m o v e dfefcarn, t h o u g h incapable of exact mea- controversial phrases, was the deadly foe
--finite rr ee ll aa tt ii o
on
n tteo the>
t h e ttrraaddii--,i „
- w e n t i t s ddefinite
, .
^
T h e y m i g h t ' o f t h a t w i l d s e n t i m e n t a l passion w h i c h '
feonal h-itred o f the B n h s h c o n n e c t i o n m j
t h a t i t ' was always t h e r e , and I has once more Jed too m a n y brave y o u n g !
I r e l a n d , end tee pre-war hopes of i t s gra- j
roa .
Reasons ware often fellows t o a c e r t a i n doom i n the 'belief,
dual s u b m e r s i o n . T h e e*-Ch»ef
W n f o . i t e ^ e r s ' s t e n c v , despite of efforts t h a t i n I r e l a n d any r e v o l u t i o n i s , better
t<ry a n a l y i o d t h e a t t i t u d e ^ o f I r * W te ^ o b l i t e r a t e i t . H a d Catholic, emancipa­ fhan nor.?. A l i t t l e more t i m e , and b u t
t e w a r a n d t h e effect o t t h a t attitude, o n ^
<,f
g
for the outbreak of the w a r , t h i s new
*
:
®
.
£
!
?
?
E
.
*
^
S
r
!
?
!
!
.
?
j
?
*
*
*
*
*
*
****
a
n
t
e
d
a
t
e
d
half
a Critical temper w o u l d , i n m y belief, bav<\
c r u i t i n g , and the g r o w t h o f the d i s l o y a l
"
c e n t u r y , bad t h e Profestant C h u r c h of finally jpristailcd, n o t indeed te destroy-'
i feeling. A m o n g f b * c o n t r i b u t o r y causes,
I H a ' v d been dlseastabUshod a l i t t l e more n a t i o n a l s e n t i m e n t (for t h a t is i m m o r t a l ' ) ,
he referred to t h e dcntbtJul f u t a r e of R o m e
to p ease the I r i s h people and n o t so m u c h but to k i l l by ridicule insensate r e v o l t .
R u l e , the unrers* i n the N o r t h o f I r e l a n d ,
to gratify the B r i t i s h X o n e o n f o r m i s t , h a d B u t t h i s was n o t to b e .
a:id the present?* of S i r E d w a r d Carson
T h e r e were a n u m b e r of c o n t r i b u t o r y
* b f U n i v e r s i t y question
been earlier
in the B r i t i s h CaWrtfcT. Th«» p r o l o n g a t i o n
the
s e t t l e d , / i t was possible, t h o u g h n o t ob­ causes w h i c h l a t e l y have created
<rf -the war also b r o u g h t s\rppori a n d f n v i o u s , t h a t the s p i r i t o f S i n n F e i n i s m u t m o s t excitement of feeling a m o n g thosecouragement te the s m a l l d i s l o y a l m i n o ­
trtifiht by bow havo been e x o r r ' s e d . I t I ill-affected as to c o n s t i t u t i o n a l method?
rity. '
YT-^T.
h a d , i n ' p o i n t of fact, been imrrir ns«ly a n d te increase t h e i r n u m b e r s .
A f t e r w a r d * M r . B i r r e l l answered ques­ wca,ket>ed and r ^ - ^ r i e t e d , and o u t M rtianv j
tions put, by L o r d H e r d i n g e , t h e P r e s i d e n t Trish breasts i t m:?iit, perhaps bft removed
U.S. AND I R I S H H O M E R U L E .
of the C o m m i s s i o n . and h*is t w o co!leag-ies, aJtegether. T h e last t w e n t y years bad
• 11; T b e first g r o w i n g doubts abv.:t th?
Mr.
JUsSice Shearmfin «IK1 S i r M a c - w o r k v l a t r a n s f o r m a t i o n : the fa^e of the fte'oa! advent of Home. R u l e . — I f
the;
K*nzi» C h a l m e r s . M ^ . B i r r e l l defined t h e e o u n t ' y was chanced.
T h e risky e x p e r i ­ IIofi»e JRtdo B i l l had n c t ' b e e n pJa:ed
poliey followed b y the a u t h o r i t i e s w i t h m e n t of ar«!f-govrrn^ent i n th*-. countries ; v.- Statute Book there m u * t havo been,;
reference te d i s a r m a m e n t i n I r e l a n d , a n d h a d , on the rrhole, succeeded. T h e I r i s h i$ith i n I r e l a n d and the C n i t e d States, a |
exprtne^d his sen .* of fhe danger
I/>eal G o v e r n m e n t B o a r d , t h o u g h m u c h ! B " ii «i'd dangerous explosion of r a g a '
would have be«i i n v i t e d b y af t e m p t i n g te exposed to c r i t i c i s m , and c o m i n g i n for a 1
^^BMJ^yjaitfl ^ b• >I^h . W i k i k l i i
d e p r i r e any_one ^ection of the a r m s i t n $ d f a i r share of a b o i e . was csrecf i a l l y a n T o r e k * ^ u f T ' ^ o u I J ' h a v o a<=
sunned the
Hecured.
attach rn
Mr. Red
ment was
that M r . Dllteti, o n t h e o t h e r b a n d , powers and a v e r y • c^n?iderable i n c o m e , w o u l d havy been. S t i l l , even w'.th H o m e i
pointed o u t the dauger of tbe movement,
also ettenfaalfv an I r i s h B o a r d , a n d R i i i c on tho S t a t u t e Book the chance M J
t h o u g h ' f«Touring the pol'.ej o f n o n - i n t e r - i l ^ i i b i n i t s powers a. d d w i t h i n i t s i n c o m e its ever beeomiug a fact was so u n c e r t a i u , •
ventioe^.*A.JthoUgh the p o s i t i o n i n D u b l i n supteme. " T h e VJ c p a r t m e n t , " a? i t was i the o u t e t n n d i n g diffieulty about U l s t e r j
was seriously diso"uieting t o b i m s e . f . M r . oaftcd, of A g r i c u l t u r e and T e c h n i c a l I o - J l w a s - s o obvious, and the details of the J
B : s a , d he wa-» n c j conscious ot any S t r u o t i f h , was I r i s h i n a l l i t s w a y S j ^ u a r [ m e a s u r e itself were so u n a t t r a c t i v e and
n a m i n g •int;1 Itti
ApriL.
re;5, an-3 p u r s u i t s . Despite these t h i n g s , l'difficult-'to t r a n s m u t e i n t o t e l l i n g p l a t f o r m
M r : B f r j B l ' . a t . ' t h ^ o u t ? r t , said he had aivi i n the face of p r o s p e r i t y a m o n g t h e phrases, that H o m e Rule as an e m o t i o n a l |
fcrmer.s, cottages for labourers, andSx>n- flag fell out of d a i l y use i n c u r r e n t I r i s h
trol over her m o s t . i m p o r t a n t , affsirs, no l i f e . People l e f t off t a l k i n g about i t , or
g:^en to lae C o m m i s s i o n o n i h e - p / e v w / i s e^oae observer of I r e l a n d , as a w h ^ e , wavinff.'jfc'in the s i r . ^ R ^ ' v ^
C2) Bu*. in I r e l a n d , whenever o o n s t i t u day,"..' ,•, :•
•'^KKKE^^^mE^m^ d a r i n g the !a»t two year*, e o u k i fail te
. . .
« 5i n: «
T?-V« s p i r i t was inereaa-!': ti--r
this S
n - Fern
and P a r l m i n e n t s r y procedure cea
CHARACTER OF S I N N
F E 1 N I S M . n4t-!e#»
" t o be of absorbing influence, other m e n .
A> t o the general eriaraoter ot
t j i n h >ng.
'
F ^ i n i s n . . be wished to read a statement, T H E
HOME R U L E C O N T R O V E R S Y .
•i-'ie spirit of what
te-d:iv
was ea'.u'd
For a n u m b e r of_yoahs the H o m e B u t e
THE
COALITION
ULSTER
CABINET.
SEDITION.
FACTION1ST
NAGGING
:
f
g
r ( 1 T r K
E f
i t o f n
v
e
d a n g e
;
a
0 n
p
1
1
7
l
a
n
d
(
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
to
s
J
i
r
p
n
}
f
e
o
d
r
t b f t
A
r
t
r
n
i
o
x
h
a d
m
>
;
4
w
:
8
8
160
opinion in thru ~ m a t t e r , ' b e c a u s e I w a s t
q u i t e sure that t h e j w e r e dangerous. A t '
the »sHme t i m e he expressed that opinion
G e r m a n assistance was at the b o t t o m of
• s t r o n g l y , and it affected m y m i n d to t h i s
the. outbreak.
The war t u r n e d m a n y j
i extent that I gave'it g r e a t c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
beads and upset p r u d e n t calculations. T o ! B u t I t a m e r o u n d to another v i e w . M r .
.^.s i n L h i o h n was added Uie n o e r d t o . i Dillon was s t r o n g l y of opinion that t h e
patsions
of t h e labour disputes &v*. j ' S i n r r F e i n a n d the i n s u r r e c t i o n a r y m o v e ­
.tor's W a l k . "
m e n t u n d o u b t e d l y was a danger.
A t th? conclusion of his s t a t e m e n t M r .
Was M r . D i l l o n equally i n favour of
B i r r e l l was i n t e r r o g a t e d ai some l e n g t h
non-intervention ?
by M e m b e r s of I he C o m m i t t e e .
Yes, i n t h e absence o f p r o o f o f h o s t i l e
'. Questioned b y t h e C h a i r m a n , M r . B i r a s s o c i a t i o n w i t h t h e emmy.
I f there
r e l l agreed t h a t i n i t s o r i g i n a l conception
b a d been a n y p r o o f o f h o s t i l e association
Sina F e i n i s m w a s ; a n i d e a l . I t was a n
v-jth tho enemy, p a r t i c u l a r l y against i n i d e a l of I r i s h l i f e , character, l i t e r a t u r e , | clividuals, n a t u r a l l y ho w o u l d h a v e been
edueafcic-Ji, and e v e n / t h i n g else b e i n g kept ' in f a v o u r o f p r o s e c u t i o n , b u t a g e n e r a l
e n t i r e l y sep'aratf a n d remote f r o m tfie
p r o s e c u t i o n o f people i n v o l v e d i n t h e
business w o u l d , i n h i s j u d g m e n t , h a v e
E n g l i s h rpnftepijon.
The idea l a y i n g at
been u n w i s e .
the root o f
ft
' i real d h o r c e between
W h a t specific w a r n i n g s of i m p e n d i n g ;
EriglAnd an<J I r e l a n d .
t r o u b l e did y o u h a v e ?
The Chairman-—X>id not the r e p a r a t i o n
I t h i n k in this m a t t e r y o u have t o '
of the S i n n Feiners f r o m M r . R e d m o n d i
d i s t i n g u i s h v e r y c l e a r l y between D u b l i n
aod the loyalists ^ t h o s e w h o preacfeed to
a n d t h e r e s t or the c o u n t r y . So f a r as
j I r e l a n d the d e s i r a b i l i t y of e n l i s t i n g i n file j the c o u n t r y g e n e r a l l y ' was concerned we
1 A r m y and h a l p i n g ^ j e . E m p i r e m i t s h o u r
hau, i n the reports of t h e K o y ^ i I r i s h
of needl occur very* largely o w i n g t o t h e | I C o n s t a b u l a r y sent i n a l m o s t d a i l y f r o m
great n u m b e r of S i n n F a i n e r s ' w h o w a n t e d
pearly every' d i s t r i c t i n I r e l a n d , infor­
to avoid m i l i t a r y service ?
m a t i o n w h i c h enabled a n y b o d y i n D u b l i n
or L o n e on t o f o r m a v e r y c o r r e c t g e n e r a l
M r . B i r r e l l — T h e r e are a n u m b e r of
e s t i m a t e of t h e f e e l i n g o f t h e c o u n t r y ­
persons w h o are anxious to a v o i d m i l i t a r y
side. T h e f o o l i n g v a r i e d v e r y m u c h i n
service \ t k o w o u l d be w i l l i n g i o t a k e h o l d
the l o c a l i t i e s a c c o r d i n g t o t i i e c h a r a c t e r
o l any excuse, t o escape i t . I t h i n k t h e
of t h e p r i e s t .
I f the Administrators,
more active B r i t i s h ' r e c r u i t i n g was i n I r e ­
r.s ^they a r e c a l l e d , w e r e opposed S i n n
l a n d t h e more increase there was of the
F e i n e r s d i e d out- i n t h e i r l o c a l i t i e s . I f ,
Sinn F e i n e r s , but they were n o t t h e real
•:«a t h e o t h e r h a n d , S i n n F e i n was
Sinn F e i n e r s .
T h e y wero shirkers and
f a v o u r e d a n d foetered by t h e c l e r g y , t h e
vary g l a d of any ejecuse.
m o v e m e n t was e x t e n d e d i n t h e i r l o c a l i t y .
I'erhops the shirkers were m o r e n u m e r ­
F r o m these r e p o r t s I h a d no d i f f i c u l t y
ous t h a n the S i n n F e i n e r s ?
whatsoever i n c o m i n g t o a p r e t t y j-uirfV
N o , the S i n n Feiners had spread a l l j v i e w as t o t h e g e n e r a l effect o f S i n n
over t h e place. Leave us alone, they said ; i i F e i n i s m a n d o f t h e , I r i s h V o l u n t e e r s ell
over the c o u n t r y . B u t when y o u come,
we are sick of P a r l i a m e n t a r y p o l i t i c s , we
t o D u b l i n y o u are u n d e r t h e M e t r o p o l i ­
are t i r e d of a l l t h i s t a l k . Vve w i l l never
t a n Police, n o t t h e R . I . C I a l w a y s f e l t !
be happy unless we are alowed to develop
ourselves, o n 'oitf o w n lines." ''H;;£v^P^'^ • I was v e r y i g n o r a n t of w h a t was a c t u a l l y
C h a i r m a n — I i m a g i n e lost year o r s o ] g o i n g o n i n t h e m i n d s - J p , n d c e l l a r s , i f
v o u l i k e — oi t h o D u b l i n , o o o u l a t i o n . I
I y o u realised t h a t there was a dangerous
was .always e x c e e d i n g l y n e r v o u s a b o u t
m o v e m e n t i n I r e l a n d '?
that.
r* Y e s , farther ba©^ t h a n t h a t , c e r t a i n l y
SIR M. N A T H A N ' S POSITION.
d u r i n g the lest t w o years.
So f a r as D u b l i n is concerned, I d o
But after c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h the venous
n o t k n o w t h a t S i r M a t t h e w ' N a t h a n was
I r i s h leaders vou^qgme to the c o n c l u s i o n
m o r e i n a p o s i t i o n t o k n o w t h a n I was.
to the surface and secure a t t e n t i o n , syYn-i !
p a t h y , and supt Sri.
I
O'BRSENITE SNEERS A N D T H E
INDEPENDENT.''
. The an«ets of the O'Bnenltes, t h e
M
|
dally
naggings
of
the
Dublin
" Irish
Independent'' vise contributed to the!
partial eclipse of Home Rule, end this
eclipse foretold danger.
(it) The Ulster r e b e l l i o n , gim-rur.ning | at L a m e , the Covenant, the Pro visional
j Government-, and i t s members, its plan
j o f warfare i n Belfast, its armed vol tinI te-rs and p u b l i c d r i l l i n g ? , and all the rest
j o f the f»orap ari? c i r r u m s t i n c e of r e v o l u ! tk>n had the moat prodigious effect u p o n .
disloyalists.
t
THE
ULSTER
REBELS.
Elsewhere there was no finger w i t h theU l s t e r rebels. Catholic I r e l a n d w *s very
p r o u d of i h e r n . W h a t they are allowed t v
do, we can do. T h i s needs n o elaboration
| from m p ,
''.'^£*«'><
• (4) T h e n esma the w a r on the 4 t h A u - j
test r i s k .
Nobody could - f o r t o l l w h a t
teji
r i s k . Nobody could "fortell w h a t
! w o u l d happen i n I r e l a n d , or w h a t her
[ a t t i t u d e Would He. I t m i g h t easily have*
d e m a n d e d s i x t y thousand soldiers to keep {
her d o w n .
;
MR. REDMOND'S BOLD STROKE.
Mr. Redmond's spontaneous, patrio­
tic, courageous, put sritisn speech has
a M i d fttreke and b«' nvsly t;at It sua- j
ceded.
One hundred and fifty thou­
sand Irish Volunteers, soldiers, arc
fighting &s Irish soldiers know how to
fight en the side of Great Britain.
T o me i t is m a r v e l l o u s , b u t there were
i n I r e l a n d m e n and w o m e n who t h o u g h t
that M r . R e d m o n d bad t h r o w n away a
i (Treat o p p o r t u n i t y , and that he should
have s t r u c k a bargain w i t h the C r o w n . I
Herft he consented to become a
tecruitiiig!
j officer for i t . These m a n were i n a s m a i l
m i n o r i t y , and I r e l a n d p r e f e r r e d an u n - ,
| b r o k e n f r o n t w i t h t h e rest o f the U n i t e d
i K i n g d o m a n d t h e E m p i r e , and t h i s sh* I
I d i d t o the b i t t e r d i s a p p o i n t m e n t of GerI m a n y . B u t the m i n o r i t y were s t i l l t h e r e ,
I a n d s h o r t l y t o be increased i n n u m b e r s .
1
COALITION GOVERNMENT.
GERMANY AT BOTTOM OF OUT
BREAK.
;
MISERY OF THE WHOLE T H I N G .
. (5) The, C o a l i t i o n G o v e r n m e n t , w i t h Sir \
E d w a r d Carson i n i t .
.
j
I t is impossible t o describe or o v - r e s t i - !
mate the effeot o f this- i n I r e l a n d , a n d t h e j
fv-t tiftt M r . R e d m o n d c o u l d , h a d h e
chosen t o d o so, have sat i n t h e same
C a b i n e t w i t h S r E d w a r d Carson, h a d no
m o l l i f y i n g influence, and if* M r . R e d m o n d
had consented he w o u l d this i n s t a n t have
reaped t o be au I r i s h leader.
This
seemed t o m a k e an end of H o m o R u l e ,
and strengtnened t h e S i n n F e i n e r s enorroouhly all over tho c o u n t r y .
(fy T h e p r o l o n g a t i o n of t h e w a r and i t s
>U£ end and I r i s h c r i t i c i s m of the w a r .
and i t s chances were not. ot the o p t i m i s e I
caste t h a t p r e v a i l i n B r i t a i n , and every
» v e c t and result was p u t in the balance;
n i w e i g h e d , and t h e e x c i t e m e n t was i
intense. So long as t h e w a r lasted, and j
i t soon became obvious t h a t i t m i g h t last
oars, there wero not w h o l l y unrea-1
le expectations of a G e r m a n l a n d i n g |
mj;s
i n I r e l a n d , and of p a r t i a l
risings i n different parts of t h e c o u n t r y ,
w h i c h if t i m e d so a» to synchronise w i t h
! a German bombardment of the Eng­
lish coasts a n d , h o s t s of Zeppelins flying
j o v e r the N o r t h of E n g l a n d and M i d l a n d ? .
1 w o u l d be q u i t e enough, so i t m i g h t w e l l j
be t h o u g h t b y an Irit>h r e v o l u t i o n i s t , t o
|«exmre a fair chance ot on i m m e d i a t e I r i s h j
j success w h i c h , were G e r m a n y u l t i m a t e l y !
I v i c t o r i o u s , could not b u t g r e a t l y d a m a g e ]
;
1
r-^wwi^P
4 1
'JiPe* uwsfci'g o i the
whole t h i n g was this*. You bad a r m e d
o dies of Volunteers a l l over the place, t
i . you eouid nave <;ot ajiSb.ma-men'*, tfh[
r o u n d i t w o u l d have been a blessing, b u t
Ao d i s a r m any one section o i t h e popula- \
<tiou on the evidence t h a t we h a d , ap- j
*peared t o »no t o be a v e r y dangerous a n d j
doubtful proposition.
iP^wPP^Hi
T h e fact t h a t the U l s t e r people had
t u r r e p t i i i o u s l y a r m e d themselves w o u l d '
not have p r e v e n t e d y o u f r o m a t t e m p t i n g
I to stop the l a n d i n g of arms i n I r e l a n d
under t h e Customs A c t ?
T h a t may be so.
) H e received t h i s w a r n i n g . I was n o t
! conscious of a u y u n t i l t o w a r d s t h e e n d ,
I t h e 1 6 t h of A p r i l . I h e a r d a t d i f f e r e n t
' t i m e s t h a t t h e r e were o p i n i o n s that the
C a s t l e was g o i n g to be t a k e n , b u t i t
n e v e r came off. I a m n o t a w a r e of a n y
w a r n i n g b e y o n d w h a t I saw m y s e l f i n
the streets, and on t h a t I took very
decided views.
I h a d a conference a t
t h e W a r Office o n M a r c h 2 0 t h , 1916.
and at the Horse Guards on M a r c h 23ra
i n reference t o t h e s u p p l y o f m o r e s o l ­
d i e r s i n D u b l i n . T h e view I p u t before
Jx>rd K i t c h e n e r a n d
other
militaiy
a u t h o r i t i e s was t h a t we s h o u l d h a v e
m o r e soldiers i n t h e s t r e e t s o f D u b l i n .
T h o i m p r e s s i o n we g o t w a l k i n g a b o u t j
the streets was t h a t S i n n F e i n i s m was
i n a c e r t a i n sense i n possession.
I put
t h a t as f o r c i b l y as I c o u l d t o G e n e r a l
F r i e n d . I s a i d : " L e t t h e soldiers be
seen i n t h e s t r e e t s ; m a r c h t h e m a b o u t
, a n d l e t t h e people see t h e force t h e y
j w i l l have t b c o n t e n d w i t h . " I was t o l d
• by the military authorities that they
w e r e busy t r a i n i n g t h e s o l d i e r s a n d t h a t
t h e y c o u l d n o t be spared, a n d t h a t i f i
there was any t r o u b l e t h e t r o o p s c o u l d ' ;
be t r a n s p o r t e d f r o m L i v e r p o o l p e r h a p s j
as quiekl') as i n a n y o t h e r w a y . T h e
m i l i t a r y were c o n s i d e r i n g c u r p r o p o s a l s . )
The Customs Act does give p o w e r ?
i c3.
/TV" **v • ^ *.T.-. '.7*-?'j^'^ffi^.?
\ o u w o t ^ d have encouraged y o u r Cus­
toms ofljoers t o step i t ?
.^3
Yes, u n d o u b t e d l y . A n y arms for any- j
body 1 s h o u l d have 'stopped.
1 Y o u need n o t answer t h i s unless you
l i k e : W h o w e r e . t h e I r i s h Leadftrs w h o
•adviped J Q U ntestS* "
-''r .
'-]
V.'eil, i n t h e first place I f o r m e d a;
p r e t t y clear estimate o: m y w v n , a n d i j
LORD W I M B O R N E ' S V I E W S .
ao r o t t h i n k t h a t I was u n d u l y i n f l u e n c e d
L^rd
Wimboirno held m y v i e w s as
.>tr0ngjy*a3 1 d i d m y s e l f . H e was p r e ­
by o t h e r P o o p M l H ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ; .
f \ >
s e n t a t the H o r s e G u a r d s . I a m s u r e i
l u l S K LEADER AND THE S I N N
t h a t i f t h e t r o o p s h a d been p r e s e n t i n
FEINERS.
D u b l i n f o r seme t i m e i t w o u l d a t a l l
* B u t M r . T i o d m o u d , for e x a m p l e , a l - j e v e n t s h a v e been a w a r n i n g .
A l t the
w a \ s t o o k t h e v i e w t h a t t h e S i n n F e i n e r s j same, I d i d n o t a n t i c i p a t e " t h e s o r t of
were n e g l i g i b l e , and was good enough t o
t h i n g .that happened, a n d I d o n ' t e u p say » o i n tne House of I E m m o n s . 1 d i d 1 pos« a n v b o d v else d i d
'
BISHOP OF L I M E R I C K ' S
PAMPHLET.
Mr. J u s t i c e S h e a r m a n — W e r e many of
{Jje p r i e s t s t u r b u l e n t ?.
I should n o t l i k e t o say. There are a
csasidernble n u n i b e r . One of t h e most
formidable, a n t i - r e c r u i t i n g , p a m p h J e t e was
w r i t t e n bv t h e C a t h o l i c B i s h o p of L i m e ­
rick, B i s h o p O ' D w y e r .
H e is a v e r y
clever m a n , b u t h o has n e v e r been a
friend of t h o N a t i o n a l i s t P a r t y .
The C h a i r m a n — L o r d M i d l e t o n s a i d i n
bis speech i n t h e H o u s o of L o r d s t h a t
the last t i m e he" saw y o u he g a v e you
copies of a speech ol* the. w o r s t descrip­
tion and a n O r d e r issued b y tihe I r i s h
Volunteers. W h a t was t h a t speech by
Father F l a n a g h a n i n t h e n e i g h b o r h o o d
of Cork ?
i
L o r d M i d l e t o n n e v e r said a n y t h i n g t o j
mo a b o u t D u b l i n .
H i s interesta
are,
connected w i t h C o r k . I d o n ' t t h i n k h i s ,
warning had any relation to D u b l i n , j
With regard to the rest of tho c o u n t r y , j
1 t h i n k w h a t he said was q u i t e a c c u r a t e ,
but I k n e w a g r e a t deal m o r e a b o u t i t j
than he d i d .
I
W h e n t h e r e wore s i t t i n g s of t h e C a b i ­
net vou h a d t o be i n L o n d o n ?I h a v e h e l d t h e office of C h i e f Secre­
tary for n i n e years, a n d f r o m t h o b e g i n ­
ning J held t h e view t h a t i t wa.$ m y busi­
ness t o lio p r e s e n t a t C a b i n e t m e e t i n g s
in order t o sea w h e t h e r I r e l a n d was
affected a n d was or was n o t to be i n - ,
eluded i n t h e v a r i o u s measures that were
.brought f o r w a r d . O T d i n a r i l v w h e n B i l l s
are i n t r o d u c e d I r e l a n d w o u l d bo l e f t m
or left o u t w i t h o u t c o n s i d e r a t i o n of t h e
necessities or p a r t i c u l a r h i s t o r y of Ire\o nd. j ^ h ^ r a j i j r ^ i t i s necessary t o be
, » t hiuvlv
for g e n e r a l ""purposes b u t t o r l u s h p u r ­
poses.
M r . B i r r o l l w e n t o n t o soy t h a t the
Chief S e c r e t a r y
h a d t o answer
i n the
House o f C o m m o n s a l l q u e s t i o n s r e l a t i n g
to I r e l a n d - F o r t h e C h i e f S e c r e t a r y n o t
to bo p r e s e n t t o d e a l w i t h
those very
numerous q u e s t i o n s w o u l d be d i s a s t r o u s .
11 t h e r e was I r i s h l e g i s l a t i o n he m u s t be j
present. A l m o s t e v e r y y e a r t h ~ r e was J
some I r i s h B i l l o r a n o t h e r .
W e were i n j
constant c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i t h t h e C a s t l e ,
he c o n t i n u e d , a n d c o n n e c t e d b y w i r e t o
the U n d e r - S e c r e t a r y .
Parliament
has
u n f o r t u n a t e l y been sitting for t h e pa -» j
few years all the year r o u n d , a n d t h e r e '
foro m y visits to I r e l a n d have been a t i
C h r i s t m a s , E a s t e r and W h i t s u n t i d e , and
some t i m e qr o t h e r d u r i n g t h o s u m m e r .
I have not l i v e d much a t t h o L o d g e ,
but d u r i n g all those y e a r s I have spent
short h o l i d a y s in I r e l a n d ^ a n d o w i n g t o j
tho use o f m o t o r s I h a v o been f a r m o r e "in |
all p a r t s o f I r e l a n d t h a n i n y C h i e f Sec­
r e t a r y w h o has proceeded m o . I always
t r a v e l l e d w i t h those w h o k n e w t h e coun­
try.
I'he C h a i r m a n — W h e n y o u w e r e i n
E n g l a n d , w h o acted i n D u b l i n , s u p p o s i n g
an e m e r g e n c y arose?
The U n d e i - S e c r e t a r y has some s t a t u ­
tory power i n t h e absence o f t h e C h i e f
Secretary to a c t . T h a t p o w e r is l i r n i t e d .
I f soldiers were w a n t e d t o assist t h o c i v i l
force t h e
Under-Secretary .could order
them.
"v\h>t cireurastanees b r o u g h t a b o u t t h e
repeal o f t h e A r m s A c t ?
I t was i n M r . B r y e s ' s t i m e , h u t I was
i n t h e C a b i n e t , and I r e m e m b e r i t came
up- I t waa a l l o w e d to d r o p . I h a v e a
sorj of r e c o l l e c t i o n that it h a d been a
great leal evaded.
IS t h a t A c t h a d been in force i t w o u l d ,
havo o p e r a t e d a g a i n s t U l s t e r ?
!
Yes.
E v e n t h o u g h t h e Arms A c t h a d lapsed
you had a m p l e p o w e r s to deal w i t h stores
of a m m u n i t i o n a n d explosives u n d e r t h e
E x p l o s i v e s Act, 1875 and 18S3?
I can't say t h a t . Therv) if. a section of
that A c t w h i c h provided t h a t
anyone
found i n possession of explosives is liable
to a .fine or imprisonment unless he can
show he had them for p u b l i c purposes.
Iu f a r t it says you
are g u i l t y unless !
yoy can show you h a r e some -reasonable t
ground f o r having t h e m .
New mr-ny months p r i o r t o A u g u s t 4 t h , '
1914. I think yon w i l l a g r ^ o t h a t I r e l a n d
was i n & s t a t e o f i n t e r n a l u n r e s t .
This
was k n o w n t o G e r m a n y , a n d i t has a l ­
ways been assumed t h a t t r o u b l e i n I r e ­
l a n d was one of t h o f a c t o r s
Germany,
t o o k i n t o account
i n d e c i d i n g o n war-1
For
obvious
reasons,
therefore,
one
w o u l d have t h o u g h t i t was desirable t o
restrict the i m p o r t a t i o n of arms. W h y ]
was t h e r e s t r i c t i o n r e m o v e d o n A u g u s t |
5 t h , 1914, t h e day a f t e r t h e d e c l a r a t i o n
of w a r ?
•
Mr. Birrell—And
n o t renewed u n t i l
November ?
Tho C h a i r m a n — Y e s .
M r . B i r r e l l — I have a note about, i t . I
; will p u t that i n . I hare a recollection
I about i t M r . J u s t i c e S h e a r m a n — I te.ke i t t h e
I resolution t o revoke the A r m s A c t had
b"en a r r i v e d a t before w a r was d e c l a r e d ?
Yes, i t - w a s f o u n d t h a t t h e p r o c l a m a ­
t i o n s c o u l d n o t be m a i n t a i n " ^ , and i n
o r d e r t o a v o i d scandal
t h e y were reI voked.
I " S i r M a c k e n z i e Chalmers—C'an y o u t e f i
fus w h a t t u r n e d t h i s S i n n F e i n l i t e r a r y
[movement into a m i l i t a r y movement?
j \t was t h e w a r and t h e e x c i t e m e n t .
I t was n o t c a p t u r e d by .another set of
men a
..
r l - A ^ a / ^ w . v . . ^ ' •.
I t h i n k t h a t i n D u b l i n i t was.
The
nucleus was t h e r e . A t r e m e n d o u s effect
is produced i n I r e l a n d b y such a w a r as
t h i s . I t u p s e t w h a t I believed w o u l d i n
time destroy t h i s insane revolutionary
mass. I t u p s e t a l l o u r c a l c u l a t i o n s .
Sir M a c k e n z i e C h a l m e r s e l i c i t e d t h a t
a note w o u l d be h a n d e d i n g i v i n g details
as t o th? d i s t r i b u t i o n t h r o u g h o u t
thej
provinces of I r e l a n d of t h e 150.000 I r i s h - j
men who had j o i n e d t h e colours.
O B J E C T I O N TO CONSCRIPTION.
M r . B i r r e l l , i n r e p l y t o f u r t h e r ques­
t i o n s , said t h e o b j e c t i o n t o c o n s c r i p t i o n
came f r o m t h e c o u n t r y d i s t r i c t s , wher?
men d i d n o t w i s h t o leave f a r m s o n
J,which t h e y were d o i n g w e l l . T h e r e were
a certain number
of p r o s e c u t i o n s f o r
anti-recruiting and seditious meetings,
but c o n v i c t i o n s c o u l d n o t be got f r o m
the juries, " W - - ' & « f " £ \ f * S
\
Do y o u p u t t h a t d o w n t o fear o r
favour ?
1 p u t i t d o w n t o h a t r e d o f a case i n
which t h e
Attorney-General
appears
p r o s e c u t i n g . f o r t h e C r o w n . I t is n o t h ­
i n g treasonable or q u a s i treasonable o r
a n y t h i n g of t h a t s o r t . I f the A t t o r n e y General is t h e r e o r is represented, t h a t
is e n o u g h . I f y o u have a j u r y y o u are
done.
Sir M a t t h e w t o l d us t h a t t h e r e w e r e
proceedings before
several m a g i s t r a t e s
w h i c h were unsuccessful.
Were tbey
president
magistrates or unpaid magis­
trates ?
$ f l f o : " < •£•"•"' i '
U n p a i d - W e changpd t h s venue f r o m
Sligo t o D u b l i n , and t h e r e s u l t was t h e
same.
H a s t h e r e been m u c h d i f f i c u l t y i n get­
t i n g evidence i n theso cases?
T h e evidenco has been chiefly t h a t o f
t h e police, w h o have t a k e n n o t e s o f a n t i r e c r u i t i n g speeches a n d so o n . I f clear
p r o o f were g i v e n of a v e r y v i o l e n t a n t i recruiting
speech, i n t h e m a j o r i t y of
cases wo g o t a c o n v i c t i o n , b u t w h e n i t
was a case a g a i n s t ' a schoolmaster f o r
h a v i n g explosives a n d
a m m u n i t i o n and
seditious l i t e r a t u r e i n his possession, be­
fore, a j u r y we c o u l d n o t g e t a n y .
It
seems o u t s i d e a schoolmaster's f u n c t i o n s
to gp a b o u t w i t h e x p l o s i v e s . T h e y w t
t o k i l l fish ( l a u g h t e r ) .
. ,
A s k e d as t o t h e two. forces o f police i n
Dublin, Mr- Birrell
said
he s h o u l d be
g l a d t o see t h e C o n s t a b u l a r y e x t e n d e d
everywhere.
H ^ a d m i t t e d t h a t i t was
for t h e sake of t h e n a m e t h a t t h e r e w e r e
t w o d i f f e r e n t forces i n D u b l i n .
.^5fefJ
S i r M a c k e n z i e C h a l m e r s — I wag s t r u c k
by y o u r r e m a r k t h a t n o w t h e rising i s
over a g r e a t m a n y people i n D u b l i n say
t h a t they t h o u g h t i t was cominff. I s y o u r
d e t e c t i v e force efficient?
I h a v o been
t o l d by people t h a t t h e r e w e r e a n y n u m ­
ber of" s t r u c t u r a l a l t e r a t i o n s m a d e a n d
tunnellings i n the streets. I f a n y t h i n g
of t h e s o r t happened, y o u w o u l d h a r d l y
r e q u i r e a d e t e c t i v e f o r c e t o discover i t .
I t is? also said t h a t house p a r t i t i o n s were
removed so t h a t m e n c o u l d r u n t h r o u g h
f
;
;
:
e i g h t or nine houses?
161
I have no reason t o believe that these
stories are t r u e . I hope something w i l l
be ascertained.
There m u s t have been
a very careful plan, because . all t h e s e
various p o i n t s w e r e seized within t w e n t y
m i n u t e s by a l a r g e n u m b e r o f men v.ho
were v e r y well p r e p a r e d f o r t h e i r w o r k *
I t h i n k t h e y m u s t have kept i t very m u c h
in t h e i r o w n hands.
Sir M a c k e n z i e C h a l m e r s — D o y o u t h i n k
you r e q u i r e d f u r t h e r assistance i n the
way o f w h a t we c a l l t h e C . I . D - ?
,
1 t h i n k t h ? events have s h o w n we d i d .
M r . B i r r e l l expressed t h e view t h a t b y
t h e way t h e y believed the. R J - C L had
re-established t h e i r c h a r a c t e r as h . g h as'
ever i t was. H e d i d not k n o w t h a t a
l&rge n u m b e r of soldiers, unless e m p l o y e d
b e f o r e h a n d ^ w o u l d ' have been able t o d<
!
inner* wren
been seized. F r o m a
view t h e r i s i n g was
a failure^from^the
b e g i n n i n g , because
the
soldiers
were
t h e r e before t h e e n d of t h e e v e n i n g i n
q u i t e sufficient force f r o m
the Curragh
and B e l f a s t . A n o t h e r o d d t h o u s a n d sol­
diers on t h e spot a t t h e t i m e w o u l d n o t
have affected the p o s i t i o n . Disposed as
the rebels were, i t t o o k t i m 9 a n d g r e a t
d e s t r u c t i o n of p r o p e r t y t o smoke t h e m
out-
IF T H E CERMANS L A N D E D .
I f t h e r e had been a l i t t l e m o r e success
i n D u b l i n , do y o u t h i n k m a n y w o u l d h a v e
j o i n e d i n t h e c o u n t r y ? "Waa t h e r e
a
l a r g e body of m e n s i t t i n g o n t h e fence?
) d o n ' t t h i n k so. a p a r t f r o m t h e Ger­
m a n l a n d i n g . IS the G e r m a n s h a d r e a l l y
l a n d e d m e n a n d g u n s I do n o t t h i n k any­
body c o u l d say w h a t t h e
effect o n t h e
p o p u l a t i o n w o u l d havo been. B u t I d o
not t h i n k so o f t h o m e r e h o l d i n g u p of
D u b l i n , even for another week. A p a r t
from
Germany,
they
believed
that
E n g l a n d was s u r r o u n d e d b y s u b m a r i n e s ,
and t h a t t r o o p s c o u l d n o t
come f r o m
L i v e r p o o l , because t h e r e w e r e s u b m a r i n e s
i n t h e Channel- T h e y t h o u g h t E n g l a n d
was c u t off, a n d t h e
m o m e n t t h e y dis­
covered t h a t
soldiers
were p o u r i n g
over——
M r . B i r r e l l b r o k e off h i s r e p l y h e r e w i t h
a significant gesture.
Replying to M r . Justico
Shearman,
M r . B i r r e l l said no effort was m a d e t o
c o n s u l t p o l i t i c a l leaders o n t h e o t h e r
side t o t r y a n d g e t g e n e r a l d i s a r m a m e n t
of V o l u n t e e r bodies b e f o r e t h e o u t b r e a k .
"With r e g a r d t o t h e suppression, o f
drill, by a r m e d d i s l o y a l p e o p l e , M r . B i r •^11 «aid i t was t h o u g h t i t w o u l d be
difficult t o p r o v e t h a t t h o d r i l l i n g w a s
associated w i t h t h e e n e m y .
M r . J u s t i c o S h e a r m a n — A s soon a s
you had t h e D e l once o f t h e R e a l m A c t
yon c o u l d have f o r b i d d e n d r i l l i n g i n a n y
part J : tho United K i n g d o m . I cannot
u n d e r s t a n d w h y i t d i d co«* o c c u r t o a n y ­
body t o eay' " W e w i l l n o t h a v e a r m e d
V o l u n t e e r s d r i l l i n g w h i l e t h e w a r is o n . "
T h a t c o u l d have been a p p l i e d e q u a l l y t o
a n v p a r t of I r e l a n d .
Mr.
B i r r e l l — O f course t h a t
would
have been a c h a l l e n g e t o t h e V o l u n t e e r * , .
Mr. Birrell
added
that
the attempt
w o u l d have r e q u i r e d s o l d i e r s .
Mr.
Justice
Shearman—Everybody
k n e w these people, w e r o fcnown t o be
d i s l o y a l e n d k n o w n t o be h a v i n g s h a m
fights ] a n d t r a i n i n g people i n t h e f i e l d ,
i n c l u d i n g ladies for. a m b u l a n c e w o r k .
M r . B i r r e l l — I q u i t e a g r e e . I t seems
almost ridiculous,
but, o n the other
h a n d , t h e a l t e r n a t i v e w o u l d h a v o been
to e m p l o y p o l i c e m e n t o h a v e d o n e i t .
Y o u w o u l d have a t t a c k e d t h e s e p e o p l e
a n d d i s a r m e d t h e m , a n d w h e t h e r i t was
done n o r t h , s o u t h , east o r w e s t i t w o u l d
hnve r e s u l t e d i n bloodshed.
M r . -Justice S h e a r m a n — A s s u m i n g t h e y
had been f o r b i d d e n t o m a r c h o u t w i t h
a r m s , a n d I a g r e e t h a t i f t h e y h a d done
ji. t h e y w o u l d h a v o been a t t a c k e d b v
the m i l i t a r y , w o u l d ihey have done i t
Oh. ves.
,
5
POLICY OF T H E A U T H O R I T I E S .
Mr.
Birrell - said the policy of the
a . ^ h o r i t i e s was
that
they
could not
a d v i s e d l y , p r o p e r l y , o r s a f e l y proceed b v
ffotdiery t o d i s a r m t h e s e f o r c e s .
That
also h a d
prevented action i n Ulster
• • p r e t h e w a r t h e p o l i c y of n o n - i n t e r -
162
I v e n t i o n i n "Ulster was decided by t h e
C a b i n e t . H e c o n c u r r e d i n i t or w o u l d
hat*e r e s i g n e d . I n r o c a r d to t h e S i n n
F e i n e r s i t was not a C a b i n e t d e c i s i o n .
THE DUBLIN SITTINC.
T h i s c o n c l u d e d M r . B i r r e l l ' s evidence,
and t h e Commission adjourned t i l l M o n ­
d a y . I t hopes t o h o l d i t s f i r s t s i t t i n g
i n D u b l i n on T h u r s d a y m o r n i n g .
i
STOP
LADIES
PRESS
EDITION
GROCERIES.
Costumes & Blouses
PROVISIONS.
if reach cleaned and Finished
in three days. Charges moderats. The most elaborate Cos­
tume Cleaned Whole.
in
m **
FRUIT.
FINDLATER'S
Can
Belfast,
Cork,
fill
your
DUBLIN &
Limerick.
N E W
S E R I E S : — N o .
10,926.
D U B L I N :
T U f S D A Y ,
J U N E
S T O P
H
O N E
1917.
"
CONFECTIONERY.
P R E S C O T T S ' Works
W<?rks
Dublin,
TEAS,
WINES,
every
want.
BRANCHES.
P E N N Y .
P R E S S
RELEASE OF T H E SINN, F E I N PRISONERS
GENERAL AMNESTY
Wise
Decision of the
Cabinet
REBELLION
War
RECALLED
release of the Sinn Fein prisoners.
Further
Column
particulars
will
bo
found
on
Page «.
Sentenced to death, but sentence com­
muted to penal servitude for life:—
William Cosgrave,
Thomas Hunter,
Countess Markievicz,
• Henry O'Hanrahan,
Edward de Valera,
I
Thomas Ashe,
John M'Entee (Belfast).
Sentenced to penal servitude for life:—
Eoin M'Neill,
Austin Stack (Tralee),
Cornelius Collins (Dublin).
j 'Sentenced to 20 years' penal servitude:—
Dr. Richard Hayes (Lusk). '
r
Vincent Poole, *
W'm, P. CorrigaL
C. O'Donovan, <•
John Shouldice,
Michael De Lacy (Eimiscorthy),
David Kent (Fermoy),
Peter Galligan (Wexford),
John R. Etchingham (Enniscorthi),
Robert Brennan
(do.),
James Rafter
(do.)
Richard F . King
(do.)
James Doyle
(do.)
Sentenced to five years' penal servitudeHenry James Boland,
Gerald Crofts,
James Joyce (Dublin),
James Salby (Dundalk),
Thomas Brosnan (Kerry).
Sentenced to death,, but sentence commuted
» penal servitude for three years:—
W. Meehan,
R. Kelly,
W. Wilson,
J . Clarke,
J . Marks,
. ;;.
J . Brennan
P. Wihon,
F . Brooks,
;
Thos'("Fred") Fury (do),
'
Michael Fleming (sen.) (Galway),
John Corcoran
(do.),
William Hussey
(do).
Sentenced to two years' imprisonment:—
J . W'ilson. .
One year's imprisonment : E . Roach,
Wra. Derrington,
J . Crenigan.
Charles O'Neill,
. ;
Michael Grady
(Athenry),
Charles White
(do.)
John Haniffy
• (do.),
Martin Hansberry (do),
Michael Higgins
(do.),
John Grady
(do.),
Jas. Murray
(do.),
Thomas Barrett
(do.),
Patrick Kennedy (do.),
Thomas Kennedy (do.),
Murtagh Fahy
(do.), "'
Michael Douohue (do.),
Michael Fleming (Galway).
Six months' imprisonment:—
Patrick Weafer (Maynooth),
John Greaves
(do.),
« Joseph Led wick
(do.),
P. M'Mahon (Dublin).
j
through the Sunday newspapers and by otkerl
means, countermanding thejparade Of Volu^!
teers arranged for Easter Sunday.
William T. Cosgrave was Chairman p. the
Finance Committee of the Dablin Corpora­
tion, and an able and popular member of the
Municipal Council. He was one of the re­
presentatives of Usher's quay Ward, and
resided in James's street, where he carried
on .business as grocer and wine merchant.
Countess Markievicz is the daughter of
the late Sir Henry Gore Booth, of Sligo, was
presented at Court to the late Queen Vic­
toria, went to Paris as an art student and
achieved some success.
About seventeen
years ago she married Count Casimir Dunin
Markievicz, a Polish artist, who returned to
Poland in 1914, and was fighting with the
Russian forces in the Caucasus shortly before
tho insurrectionary outbreak in Dublin.
Both he and the Countess took an active in­
terest in promoting amateur drama, and
were associated for some time with the
Dublin Repertory Theatre. Countess Markie­
vicz established the National Boy Scouts in
1910, and was for several years prominently
identified with the Sinn Fein Movement in
Dublin. She was stated to have been in
charge of the insurgents in Stephen's Green
district.
4
The announcement will be received with
the greatest satisfaction throughout Ireland
and by their fellow-countrymen in all parts
of the world
»
Twenty-one prisoners who received sen­
tences of one year's imprisonment or under
have, in the ordinary course, been released
already. 1" addition, three prisoners—Mr.
William Partridge, Mr. Frank Ciillen, and
Mr. Geraid Crofts—have been sent home in
ill.heafth.
Immediately after the collapse of the out­
break in Dublin. Field General Court .-martial
w e r e hsld behind closed doors, and no inti­
mation of the trials taking place or the nature
nt
*•
i .Sentenced, to death, but sentence commuted
;to penal servitude for ten years:—
Thonu.s Bevan,
J B r ; / ^ Thomas W alsh,
Finian Lynch,
Michael Mervyn,
Denis O'Callaghan,
women and 1,862 men were deported to Eng­
P. E . .Sweeney,
Patrick M'Nestry,
land and interned there. Numbers of the*
were released at intervals, and last Christ­
Peter Clancy,
William Tobin,
mas the general body were set at liberty an! j *
returned to Ireland.
George Irvine,
John Doherty,
One hundred and eighty persons wefc
J . J . Walsh,
tried by courtmartial, of whom fifteen were
Jas.. Melinn,
l •
executed, namely—P. H . Pearse, Thomas,
J . J . Eeid, .
MacDonagh, Joseph
Plunkett, Edmund
John Williams,
George Plunkett,
John Plunkett,
Frank Lawless,
James Lawless,
Brian Molloy (Galway),
Francis Martin (Dublin),
Denis Leahy (Dundalk), .
Jerh. C . Lynch (Dublin), ;YJ*
Brief Biographies and Portraits of the Principal
Prisoners who have been Released
We are glad to be able to announce the
t officially published at the time.
ey were concerned, they might hava
e to Tralee from some part of Ireland, or
it T i m b u c t o o , o r anywhere else, so far a»
thenLw.'as r i v e n t p the
t
public u n t i l
the
issued
While tne courtsmaTtiai were in progress
hundreds of arrests were being made all over
the city and country, and those arrested,
after being detained for some days in Rich­
mond Military Barracks, which became ter­
ribly overcrowded-and insanitary, were de-
W H O ' S
W H O
I N
LISTS.
t
The majority of those imprisoned, were
comparatively
unknown,
and they repre­
sented various walks of life.
John M'Neill was probably the best known
of th*m in the country. He was President
of the Irish Volunteers, and editor of the
official weekly paper of that organisation.
Mr. Asquith, after his trial, stated in the
raons that there were twelve
Hous
him, eight of which were
chare
to cause disaffection among
tion, and four for acting i n a
MrfiifliiHi jeifrjutjijiM.TTj waa.
Sentenced to ten years', penal servitudesFrancis Fahey,
^Brat:
Richard Davys,
James T . Hughes,
GRAVE.
R. Coleman,
TV PeppareT,
J . Norton,
J . Byrne,
T. O'Kelly,
Jas. Downey,
Jas. Burke,
Maurice Brennan,
James Morrissey,
Gerald Doyle,
Charles Bevan.
John O'Brien,
Patrick Fogarty,
John Faulkner,
Michael Brady,
J amesJDempsey,
Levins.
is fp
of Go. Antrim, and spent more than twenty
years in the Accountant-General's Office at
the Four Courts. A n enthusiastic student of
Celtic language, literature, and history, he
was one of the founders of the Gaelic League.
He was appointed to the Chair of Early and
MediaBval Irish History at the National Uni­
versity at its establishment. He took an
active part in the founding of the, Volunteers
at the end of 1913, addressed organising meet­
ings in the country, and when the Sinn Fein
section broke away from the National Coin­
lornelius Collins stated he was u* -. hs
employ of the Post Office since May, 1903,
and was spending his annual leave in Lime­
rick and Kerry when arrested. He bad not
been a member of any Volunteer force for ,
eighteen months, and knew nothing of Moneith or Bailey or of the landing of arms in
Kerry.
Dr. Richard Hayes was medical officer of
Lusk Dispensary district.
J . J . Wal<h, whose death sentence was
commuted to ten years' penal servitude, was
formerly employed in the Cork Post Office,
but was transferred by the authorities -to
Bradford, in Yorkshire. He was a member
of the Cork Corporation. He ultimately left
the Civil Service and opened a tobacconist's
and newspaper shop at the corner of Berkeley
road, Dublin.
".^fS
Frank Lawless is a farmer who resided at
Lancerstown, near Swords.
James Lawless, of Cloghran, Co. Dublin,
was an official of the Dublin Co. Council.
Wm. Partridge was a member of the
Dublin Corporation, representing New K i l
mainhain Ward, and a prominent labour
advocate in Dublin. He was released some
weeks ago from Lewes Prison broken in
health, and is at present in Dublin, after
spending some time in a private hospital in
England.
Philip B. Cosgrave is a brother of Wm. P.
Cosgrave.
Wm, P. Corrigan is a young Dublin soli­
citor, of the well-known firm of Corrigan
and Sons.
Michael De Lacy was an official of the
Board of Trade Labour Exchange in Enniscorthy.
'
David Kent is a farmer residing at Coole.
near Fermoy, was courtmartialled .on a
charge of being concerned in the killing of,
Head-Constable Rowo at Fermoy.
His
brother Richard died of wounds received on
the occasion, and another brother Thomas.
Kent, was. executed at Queemstown,
.Athird brother William was. .tried and ac-
%
's.- '-,
E D W A R D DE V A L E R A ,
Who commanded the rebels at Boland's Mill,
was of Spanish extraction. He was a teacher
In Blackrock College, and was sentenced to
penal servitude for life.
Henry O'Hanrahan, who was employed
on the clerical staff of the Volunteer organi­
sation, is a brother of Michael O'Hanrahan,
one of the men executed on May 4th.
' Edward de Valera commanded the insur­
gents in the Ringsend area, and is a native of
Galway, where he was born of Spanish
parents. He was educated at Blackrock Col­
lege, is a Bachelor of Arts of the National
University, aud held the position of Pro­
fessor of Mathematics at Blackrock College.
Thomas Ashe was a National School
Harbour, Co. Wexford, and was a journalist.
He was a member of 'the Gorey Board of
Guardians and District Council. He took atf
active interest in Gaelic sports, and was:
identified with horse racing and training.
Robert Brennan is a journalist, and wai
employed on the staff of a local paper u
Eimiscorthy.
Gerald Crofts, who was released recently
owing to ill-health, is well-known in Dublin
musical circles. He is a young, musician and
composer of much promise.
Pierce Beasley is a well-known Dublin
journalist and a Gaelic scholar .of some
repute.
,
Joseph M'Guinness is the recently elected
Sinn r ein M. P. for South Longford.
on mas the general body were set at liberty and
returned to Ireland.
Column "., Page 4.
One hundred and eighty persons wefco
tried by courtmartial, of whom' fifteen wereThe announcement w i l l be received with executed, namely—P. H . pearse, Thoraai'
the greatest, satisfaction throughout Ireland MacDonagh, Joseph
Plunkett,
Edmufla
and by then fellow-countrymen in all parts
of the world
Twenty-one prisoners who received sen­
tences of one year's imprisonment or under
have, in thp ordinary course, been released
already. In addition, three prisoners—Mr.
William B*rtridee, ft. r. Frank Cullen, and
Mr. Ger
ve been sent-home in
ilbheahl
e collapse of the outImme.
Genera 1 Courtsinartial
break in Dublin.
>d doors, and no intiwere held bchuid
mationof the t r i a l
Further
particulars will
be
found
issued by the military authorities.
While the courtsmartial were in progress
hundreds of arrests were being made all over
the city and country, and those arrested,
after being detained for some days in Richmend Military Barracks, which became ter­
ribly overcrowded and insanitary, were de-
Wilkam Tobm,
George Irvine,
John Doherty,
J . J. Walsh,
Jas.. Mebnn,
. •
J . J . Reid,
John Williams,
George Plunkett,
John Plunkett,
Frank Lawless,
.Times Lawless,
Brian Molloy (Galway),
Francis Martin (Dublin),
Denis Leahy (Dundalk),
Jerh. C. Lynch (Dublin),
:
WHO'S
t n e
st
0
m
e 3
a
and they
repre­
John M'Neill was probably the best known
of them in the country. He was President
of the Irish Volunteers, and editor of the
official weekly paper of that organisation.
Mr. Asquith, after his trial, stated in the
House of Commons that there were twelve
charges against him, eight of which were
I for attempting to cause disaffection among
I the eivit population, and four for acting in a
Sentenced to ten years', penal servitude:
Francis Eahey,
Richard Davys,
James T. Hufihes.
Kent, Thomas J . Clarke, James Connolly,
John M'Dermott (the seven signatories to
the Irish Republican proclamation),- Edward
Daly, Wru. Pearse, Cornelius Colbert, J . 1
Heuston,
Michael
O'Hanrahan,
John
MacBride, Michael Mallin, and Thomas
Kent.
f|
I n addition, 75 others were sentenced to
death, but the sentences were commuted to
penal servitude for various terms. There
were in all 157 convictions.
The first official intimation of the findings
of the courtsmartial was made on Wednes­
day, May 3rd, and the trials were continued
until the end of the month. On June 9th an
open courtmartial was held at Richmond Bar­
racks i n connection w i t h the death of Con­
stable M'Gee, at Castlebellingham, when
four men were charged and sentenced. On
June 16th Austin Stack and Cornelius Collins
were tried and sentenced at an open courtJ O S E P H McGUINNESS,
martial. Two days before David Kent ht«l
been tried and sentenced at a public court- Sentenced to three years' penal servitude,
martial.
was a shopkeeper in Dorset street,
T H E SENTENCES.
Dublin.
The following is a full list of the sentences..
R, Coleman,
T. Peppard,
J . Norton,
J . Byrne,
T. O'Kelly,
das. Downey,
Jas. Burke,
Maurice Brennan,
James Morrisaey,
Gerald Doyle,
Charles Bevan,
John O'Brien,
Patrick Fogarty,
John Faulkner,
Michael Brady,
James Dempsey,
George Levins,
John F . Cullen,
J . Dorrington,
W. O'Dea,
P. Kelly, '
John M'Ardle,
Sentenced to three years' penal servitude
Edward Duggan,
Pierce Beasley,
Joseph M'Guinness.
Michael Scully,
Fergus O'Conner (Dublin),
Michael Reynolds (Dundalk),
John Quinn (Dundalk),
Connor M'Ginley (Dublin),
Philip Joseph M'Mahon (Dundilk),
John Carrick
(Oranmore),
Michael Hehir
(do.),
Christopher Carrick (do.),
Wm. Corcoran
Patrick Fury
Ed. Corcoran
Thomas Fury
Michael Higgins
Patrick Flanagan
James Loughhn
EDWARD D E V A L E R A ,
Who commanded the rebels at Boland's Mill,
was of Spanish extraction. He was a teacher
in Blackrock College, and was sentenced to
penal servitude for life.
1
(do.),
(do.),
(do.),
(do.),
(do.),
(do.),
(do.),
riving this afternoon (Wednesday) from Eng­ learned that Liberty Hall, the headquarters
of the rebellion in Dublin are proceeding
land. There has been a small rising at Ardee, of the Citizen A r m y and formerly of Mr. Lar­
satisfactorily. What may be described as the
Louth, and a rather more serious one at kin, had been wholly or partially destroyed organised forces of the rebels .are confined to
the
military. He a few localities, the principal one being tine
Swords and Lusk, close to Dublin.
The last and occupied ' by
repbrt I have shows a total of fifteen killed added that the latest details showed that thers Sackville street district, in which the rebels'
and twenty-one wounded, besides two loyal was a cordon of troops round the centre of the headquarters appear to be the General Post
town on the north bank of the river, that two
The cordon of troops round this dis­
Volunteers and two policemen killed and six more battalions were to arrive in Dublin that Office.
loyal volunteers wounded.
afternoon from England, and that there had trict has been drawn closer, and the rebels i n
In the House of Commons on Wednesday, been a small rising at Ardee, in Coonty this locality appear now to be confined behind
26th A p r i l , in reply to question about the re­ Louth, and a rather more serious one at the.line of their barricades.
bellion, M r . Asquith said—Troops have ar­ Swords and Lusk, near Dublin. The
Sniping from houses i n which small parties
rived from Belfast and from England.
A casualties he put at 19 killed and 27
of the rebels have established themselves i n
building called Liberty Hall is already occu­ wounded.
various
parts of the city still continues. The
pied by soldiers. So, also is Stephen's Green.
Martial law has been proclaimed in Dublin SIR JOHN M A X W E L L ' S APPOINTMENT. district where this is most prevalent is that to
the north-west of the Four Courts, which his
City and County. Drastic action both to sup-j
press the movement.and to secure the arrest' In the House of* Commons on Thuradav, still in possession of the rebels. " The clear­
ance of the rebels is a matter of time.
of all concerned is at this moment being taken, j 27th A p r i l ,
Considerable damage was caused by fires on
Outside Dublin the country is tranquil,-andI Mr. Asquith said—The Cabinet have de­
only three minor cases of disturbance are ve- cided to-day that the Irish Executive muit at Thursday, and a large fire is still burning in
ported. Steps'are being taken to give full once proclaim martial law over the whole of Sackville street. 4
and accurate information to our friends Ireland. General Sir John Maxwell left this! I n other parts of Ireland the principal
abroad as to the real significance of this most afternoon for Ireland, and has been given centres of disturbance are County Gahvay and
plenary power to proclaim martial law over' Enniscorthy.
Disturbances have also been
recent German campaign.
' The Prime Minister afterwards read the the whole of the country, and the Irish Execu­ re{>orted at Killarney, Clonmel and Gorey.
tive
have
placed
themselves
at
bis
disposal
to
Other parts of Ireland appear to be normal.
following telegram from the Viceroy:—
The general trend of the reports received
" Situation satisfactory. , St. Stephen's carry out his instructions. He added that here
were
indications
of
the
movement
spreading,
indicates
that the disturbances are local in
Green captured.
Eleven insurgents killed.
Provincial news reassuring.
Inspector-Ge­ especially in the West and that the rebels con­ character.
neral, Royal Irish Constabulary, reports that tinued to hold important public buildings in
The following was issued by Field-Marshal
at Drogheda the National Volunteers turned Dublin.
Viscount French, Commanding-in-Chief Home
The Lord Lieutenant issued the following Forces, op Saturday night, 29th A p r i l : —
out to assist the military. Many private per­
from the Viceregal Lodge on Thursday, 27th
sons have offered assistance."
Dublin.—The situation this morning had
M r . Asquith added i t was not the case April:—
improved considerably, but the rebels were
" I n the'-last forty-eight hours satisfactory stiil offering serious resistance in the neigh­
that the rebels had machine guns.
Lord Lansdowne, in the House of Lords on progress has been made. Enemy activity j bourhood of Sackville street.
confined
to sniping from houses in certain re­
Wednesday, 26th A p r i l , said the Dublin gar­
The cordon of troops encircling this quarter
Large additional reinforce­ was, however, steadily closing in, but the
rison had had reinforcements from Belfast and stricted areas.
England, and the Sinn Feiners had been ments have arrived from England, and are in house to house fighting necessarily rendered
driven out of Stephen's Green with a certain hand for disposal as required."
this progress slow.
The Post Office and a
The following communication was issued by block of buildings east of Sackville street
Field-Marshal Viscount French, Commanding. have ben destroyed by fire. A party of rebels
in-Chief of the Home Forces, early cm Satur­ have been driven out of Boland's mills, Ringthe Customs House and the North day morning, 29th April:—
send, by guns mounted on motor lorries.
By midday on Wednesday it e s j The military operations for the suppression.
Out of the rebel Leaders, a man named
y
s
w
health, and is at present in Dublin, after
spending some time in a private hospital in
England.
Philip B. Cosgrave is a brother of Wm. P.
Ccsgrave.
Wm. P. Corrigan is a young Dublin soli­
citor, of the well-known firm of Corrigan
and Sons.
Michael De Lacy was an official of the
Board of Trade Labour Exchange in Enniscorthy.
David Kent is" a farmer residing at Coole.
near Fermoy, wa* courtmartialled on a
charge of being concerned in the killing of;
Bead-Constable Rowe at Fermoy.
His
brother Richard died of wounds received on
the occasion, and another brother Thomas
Kent, was executed at iQueeiysiown.
A
third brether William was. tried and ac-
John R . EtcJiingham resided at Courtown
Harbour, Co. Wexford, and was a journalist.
He was a member of the Gorey Board of
Guardians and District Council. He took atf
active interest in Gaelic sports, and w a |
identified with horse racing aud training.
Robert Brennan is a journalist, and war
employed on the staff of a local paper is.
Henry O'Hanrahan, who was employed Enniscorthy.
on the clerical staff of the Volunteer organi­
i s released recently
sation, is a brother of Michael O'Hanrahan, I
dl-known in Dublin
one of the men executed on May 4th.
youug- musician and
' Edward de Valera commanded the msuv-1
composer of mii
gents i n the Ringsend area, and is a native of
Pierce Bessie
ell known Dahlia
Galway, where he was bom of Spanish journalist and",
lejic scholar .of some
parents. He was educated at Blackroik Col­ repute.
lege, is a Bachelor of Arts of the National
Joseph M'Guinness is the recently electee
University, and held the position of Pro­ Sinn i e i n M.P. for South Longford.
fessor of Mathematics at Blackrock College,
Thomas Ashe was a National School
teacher at Corduff, near Sworde.
John M E n t e e is ah electrical engineer, of
Belfast. He was tried w i t h three others in
connection with the killing of a police con­
stable at Castlebellingham on A p r i l 24th.
His statement to the court denied the charge
of murder and lamented the death of a fel­
low-countryman in the discharge of his duty.
He added that what he had done on the occa­
sion was for love of Ireland and not to assist
the King's enemies.
Austin Stack was a solicitor's clerk at
Tralee, and was tried by public courtmartial
at Richmond Barracks along w i t h Cornelia*
Collins, • a clerk in the General Post Office,
Dublin, on charges of conspiring to bring
about rebellion and to spread disaffection,
and for harbouring Monteith and Bailey at
the time of the landing of Sir Roger Case­
ment in Kerry. Stack, i n a written state-,
JOHN McGARRY,
One' of the leaders, who was sentenced to meat, said he was an active Irish Volunteer,
H E N R Y O'HANRAHAN,
and when conscription was proposed he was
S years' penal servitude. He was
prepared to resist i t by means similar to Was connected officially with tho organise,
engaged in commercial business
those which the. Ulster Volunteers used
tion of the Irish Volunteers, and waa
In Dublin.
against Home Rule. So far as Monteith and
sentenced to penal servitude for Ufa.
of Co. Antrim, and spent more-than twenty
years in the Accouutant-General's Office at
the Four Courts. An enthusiastic student of
Celtic language, literature, and history, he
was one of the founders of the Gaelic League.
He was appointed to the Chair of Early and
Mediaeval Irish History at the National Uni­
versity at its establishment. He took «n
active part in the founding of the; Volunteers
at the end of 1913, addressed organising meet­
ings in the country, and when the Sinn Fein
section broke away from the National Coin-
W I L L I A M P. COSGRAVE.
INSURRECTION IN
The principi features of the insurrection­ and warning citizens of the danger of unne­
ary outbreak s»y be summarised as follows: cessarily frequenting streets or public places,
or of assembling i n crowds.
Fifteen menpeciited.
On Tuesday martial law was proclaimed
Over one btndred and fifty sent sent to
for a period of one month in the city and
prison.
county of Dublin, and the people were ordered
Two thousand persons deported.
to remain indoors between 7.30 p.m. and 5.30
I n the city area alk, licensed premises
Seventeen military officers killed and forty- a.m.
were closed except between the hours of trtvo
aix wounded.
Of the non-commissioned officers and men and five, o'clock p.m.
86 were killed, 311 wounded, and nine reported On Wednesday martial law was by procla­
mation extended to all Ireland.
missing.
The progress of the insurrection may be
Fourteen R.LC. men killed, and twentygathered from the vafioSs official statements:
three wounded.
On Tuesday evening, 25th A p r i l , M r . Birrell
Three Dublin Metropolitan Police killed
supplied the London Press w i t h the follow­
and seven wounded.
About 300 dvilians and insurgents killed, i n g : —
r A t noon yesterday serious disturbances
and about 800 wounded.
Damage to property to the extent of about broke out in Dublin.
" A large body of men. identified with the
millions.
The total loss of life would appear to be Sinn Feiners, mostly armed, occupied Ste­
about 450, and the number wounded about phen's Green, and took possession forcibly of
the. Post Office, where they cut the telegraph
1,200.
The official lists of the casualties gave a and telephone wires. Houses were occupied
total of 180 civilians and insurgents killed, i n Stephen's Green, Sackville street, Abbey
,
and 614 wounded, but this was obviously in­ street, and along the quays.
" l a the course of the day soldiers, arrived
correct, as at Glasnevin cemetery alone, 250
persons whose deaths were directly attribut­ from the Curragh, and the situation is now
able to the insurrectionary outbreak were in­ well in hand. So far as is known here three
terred. I "
than score of cases there military officers, two loyal volunteers, four or
five soldiers, and two policemen have been
was no identification.
The insurrection began in Dublin w i t h the killed, and four or five military officers, seven
or
eight soldiers, and six loyal volunteers
taking of
General Post Office at noon on
. . , ,
Easter Monday, April 24th, 1916. The first wounded.
" No exact information has been received oi
bloodshed in O'Connell street occurred about
casualties
onthe
side
of
tire
Sipn
Feiners.
half-p8 one, when a squadron of Lancers
appeared in the street, and were fired on from Reports received from Cork, Limerick, Ennis,
the Post Office. There was practically no real Tralee, and both Ridings of Tipperary show
fighting j " ^ » « ™ until the middle o f the! that no disturbances of any kind have oc­
.
week
Mondav evening a Proclamation curred in these localities."
was issued by the Lord lieutenant that " a n | The following was issued by the General
attempt instigated and designed by the foreign Officer Comnmnding-in-Chief in Dublin on
;
of the Kbit: to incite rebellion in Ire-. Wednesday. 26th A p r i l : —
land had been made by a reckless though j " There is now a complete cordon of tiem
•mall body of men, who'have been guilty of around the centre of the town on Hie noii»
JBgurrectioiwry acts in the City of D u b l i n / ' ! aide of the river, Two more battalions are ar­
m o r e
unknown,
sented various walks of life.
Colan O'Geary (Mayo),
John Tomkins (Wexford),
Patrick Fahey (Galway),
Thos. D. Fitzgerald (Dublin),
Wm. Partridge (Dublin).
Sentenced to death, but sentence commuted
to eight years' penal servitude:—
John M'Garry,
James-O'Sullivan,
THE
LISTS.
The majority of those imprisoned, were
comparatively
<>
ported to England without trial. I n a l l ,
3.226 prisoners were detained in Richmond
Barracks, and of these 77 were women.
After sons days' detention 1,104 were re­
leased, of whom 72 were women. Five
WHO IN
;
MR. JOHN MCNEILL,
Originator of the Irish Volunteers.
THE C O U N T E S S M A R K I E V I C Z ,
Condemned to death, but sentence commuted
to penal Mrvitude. for life. She is an Irish
lady who married a Polish Count, and was
an enthwiastio adherent of Jim Larkin.
charge of the insurgents in
district.
P. MMahon (Dublin).
F . Brooks
BRIEF
Pearse, was said to be iji this area, and was
wounded in the leg. A report received this
evening states that Pearse has surrendered
authority to accept the same terms of surren­
der for his followers in Dublin.
Another leader, James Connolly, is re­
ported killed.
The Four Courts district, which is still held
by the rebels, is also surrounded by a cordon
of troops, which is gradually closing in.
- All the information to hand points to the
conclusion that the rebellion, so far as Dub­
lin is concerned, is on the verge'of collapse.
A considerable number of rebels are prisoners
in military custody.
'
Reports received this evening from the rest
of Irelaifd arc generally satisfactory.
The
conditions in Belfast and the Ulster Province
are normal, and the situation in Londonderry
is stated to be quite satisfactory.
The district within fifteen miles of Galway
is also reported to be normal, but a band of
rebels has been located between Athenry and
Craughwell.
Nineteen rebel prisoners have been captured
and are on their way to Queenstown.
Another band of rebels are reported to* have
entrenched themselves at Enniscorthy, but
the police are still holding out. and the roads
and railways are clear to within four nnles of
the town.
The damage done to the Barow Bridge on
Dublin and South-Eastern Railway, is now re­
ported to be serious.
principal rebel leaders, P. H . Pearse, ft
known to be inside the cordon w i t h a frac­
tured thigh. The woman generally known as
Countess Markievicz has also been seen inside.
Another leader, James Connolly, is reported
killed.
The additional area containing tho
Four Courts is xlso surrounded by a cordon,
which is closing in on the centre.
I t con­
tains within it most of the rebels.
,
A division complete with artillery is now
operating in the Dublin area, and more troops
are constantly arriving. Arrangements are
being made to intern in England all the Sinn
Feiners captured or wounded who are not
dealt with here.
Sir Roger Casement has declared that Ger­
many has sent all the assistance she is going
to send, and that is now at the bottom of the
sea.
On Saturday 'evening, 29th April, i t wa*
officially announced in Dublm that the leaders
of the rebels had surrendered. The following
is an exact copy of the document:—
I n order to prevent the further slaughte-t
of unarmed people, and in the hope of sav­
ing the lives of our followers, now sur­
rounded and hopelessly outnumbered, Mem
bers of the Provisional Government present
at Headquarters have agreed to an uncondi
tional surrender, and the Commanders o'
all Units of the Republican Forces wil
order their followers to lay down theii
arms.—(Signed),
P. H . PEARSE.
29th April. 1916, 3.45 p.m.
T agree to these conditions for the mer
DIVISION OF TROOPS I N D U B L I N .
onlv under my own command in the Moor»
An official intimation was* circulated among
s h - e e t District, and for the men in the Stethe Roval Irish Constabulary in Countv Dub­
lin on Saturdav, 29tn April, as follows:—
JAMES CONNOLLY.
26, " 1 6 .
gradually o ^ c o n u n j ; resistguj.ee.
itation
with . Conimandan
:her officers I have decided t«
nditional surrender also.
THOMAS MACDONAGH.
EVENING
AMUSEMENTS.
GAIETY
In
J. AUGUSTUS KEOGB'S COMPANY
tfat Eaoaiuoualy Successful T l a y in F o u r
B r O. H A D D O N C H A M B E R S ,
AS
Acts.
B Y ,
DUBLIN
l
W.I*U'T, JUNE f
1917.
.
? L A Y E D A T WYNDHAM'S T H E A T R E .
M A T I N E E S A T U R D A Y A T 2.30.
HIGH
WATER
To-day (Morning)
To-morrow „
AT
8. 0
8.59
DUBLIN
BAR.
Evening
8.30
9-25
SUNRISE A N D SUNSET.
THEATRE
The
Most
Popular
ol
O D D S
Preceded
by
Mario
MR.
GARDENS.
Lawton,
^
Herbert
LAWRENCE
THE
La
„..
OF
& Y A T E S ,
S T O N E & B R A D L Y ,
A L V A R E Z
l
D U O ,
R O S S E T T I
D
I
n
Kleptomaniac,
M u s i c a I
C
o
° » * « * »
m
e
d
r
*>™
Gymnastics
COMPANY.
THEATRE.
6.4a TWICE pioaTUt
B K I 8 A . N
O P E K A
fl.
C O . ' .
" L U B L I N E
C A T H O L I C NOTICES.
JOSEPH'S,
FEAST ^
Berkeley St,
SACRED
HEART
Special Devotions at 3.30 o'c.
SHORT I N S T R U C T I O N on the DEVOTION
By
CANON
DOWNING.
Exposition from 4.30 until 8.30.
E V E N I N G B E N E D I C T I O N & DEVOTIONS
AT
8.30
O'CLOCK.
Kennedy s
Bread
FINEST
to amnesty the great majority of the
Sinn Fein prisoners now i n custody in
English j a i l s . " If that be true, the
amnesty so long delayed w i l l absolutely
fail in its purpose. A partial amnesty
would be just as futile, just as little
likely to appease National sentiment,
as the proposal p u t forward by the
leaders of the S i n n F e i n P a r t y to t r e a l
the mett i % Jail as "prisoners of war.'
1
R. H A V 1 L A N D J A C K S O N
BARRY O'DEMPSEY
E . O'CONNOR C O X ,
WALTER M'NALLY.
BETTY BYRNE,
E I L E E N FURLONG.
K A T H L E E N GAVIN.
Be J u n g — U p . C i r c l e 1/2, Dress C i r c l e 1/8. Phone 3011
ST.
.A
paragraph
in
to-day's
Daily
Chronicle
has
a somewhat sinister
liamentary correspondent of that jour­
BY ALL-STAR
QUEEN'S
QUALITY
MADE
Wo have urgently insisted from the
I fh-st thai, if a healthy atmosphere,
likely to conduce to the success of the
Convention, is to be created, there
should be a full and immediate amnesty.
To let some of the prisoners free and
keep others of them in j a i l would be so
utterly indefensible, so wholly useless,
that we hesitate to believe that even the
colossal blunderers i n Ihe British
Government, who have driven so many
Irishmen into the arms of the irreconcilables, would be guilty of this fresh
exhibition of toothless malice.
We cannot forget, however, that from
the day that war was declared up to this
very hour the powers that be have
hardly ever missed a chance of antago­
nising Irish sentiment. Every scheme
that might have helped to create and
foster better relations between Ireland
ftnd England h a s been marred and
maimed by the "unseen hand." If
Germany had direct representatives in
the British Cabinet she could not have
been better served. The full tide, of
I r i s h sympathy w i t h the Allies" cause
was checked and turned aside.
The
spirit created by the passing of the
Borne Rule B i l l into law vvas poisoned
and perverted by iactics parUy stupid
and partly criminal. The Irish in the
Colonies who gave such splendid proofs
of their enthusiasm i n the early days of
the war were driven into a condition of
angry resentment that has
seriously
reacted to the detriment of the Allied
ctAise.
I n the United Slates the policy
m
of the British Government gave the
small pro-German faction of Clan-naGael professionals their only chance ol
developing
their propaganda.
The
B A E E E I E S :—
Government are fully a w a r e of these
W Y h a v i iiffiTi m a d W i k i W i i i n
124 to 130 Gt. Britain St. and
St. l^atricfc rBateryi'
r
DUBLIN.
M O D E M T A B L E CHINA WARE,
MODERN T A B L E G L A S S W A R E .
MODERN E A R T H E N W A R E .
Maguire &Gatchell, Limited.
7, I , I t , 14 and 18 D A W S O N S T . , D U B L I N .
Carpet Squares.
AXMINSTER
In
BE
T I V O L I nal, " that the Government have decided
T h a Famous Comedy Juggler.
SUPPORTED
TO
O S T E N D . sound. " I understand," says the Par­
OPINION
A L W A Y S G O O D It
W E E K ' S F E A T U R E S :—
E D W A B D S
AMNESTY
9.
BROUGH
7 OC.
9 OC.
TEL.—4125.
EVERYONE'S
THIS
10.54 P . M .
MARRED?
E N D CO
WEST
LADY
TIVOLI
IS
Marline.
THEATRE.
FULL
9.55
LIGHTING-UP TIME
REVUES,
all
TWICE NIGHTLY
AND
9.54
O N !
EMPIRE
6.50 ....
4.56 Sets
4.56
,
To-day—Rises
To-morrow „
ROYAL.
H I P P O D R O M E and W I N T E R
S.45 „
TWICE NIGHTLY
AND WILTON,
Newest
Designs and Colourings, also L i n o a n d
C o r k Carpet* in Latest Patterns.
WINDOW
BLINDS
GREAT VARIETY
FROM
EACH.
ASK F O R C A T A L O G U E .
DOCKRELL,
Limited,
SOUTH «P£«T e t n . p r i . » -
hostile to the Convention, and uses aig .
ments to assail it which could be used of
almost any possible scheme of representation
that the wit of man could devise.
FaUter
Lawles* takes occasion to remind his lord»L
that, when in the interrogatory mood, then
were some other questions he might have
asked. - To round it off;" says Father Lawless, " he should have asked why are the
Catholic Bishops on it. and whom do thev re
present ?
Should they be elected ?
JJ
so, how many amongst them of hit
lordship's way of thinking in .politics
would be sent by their own people?
Woul: even one!" Father Lawless further
draws attention to tho fact that Bishop
Mcllugh is endeavouring to wreck the Convention for whose success Cardinal Logue has
asked the prayers of the Catholics of Ulster.
" Whilst," says Father Lawless, " his Metro­
politan has ordered public prayers for the sue.
ceas of the Convention the Bishop of Deny
plays the unworthy role of wrecker. All this
•hows the sincerity of those attempting to
wreck the Convention.
They seem ready to
face calmly the destruction of their country's
hope* rather than let the dreaded principle
of self-government get a chance of prevailing.
That, not foreign rule, is the plain object
of their hate.
Surely, of all people,
ecclesiastics should in these sad days preach
peace and reconcilement."
r l^f^)AY
a
THEATRE.
P A S S E R S
r
TELEGRAPH,
—
JLloyd George and his colleagues
by the accredited representatives of the
various. Colonies. Mr. Balfour has had
the evil effects of England's betrayal of
Irish hopes brought' home tp him in
vivid fashion during his recent visit to
the Slates. But apparently the forces
thai would rather see the
Kaiser
triumphant than set Ireland free are still
dominant in the councils of the British
Government. I f amnesty is not merely
delayed but diluted it is worse than
worthless.
There is nothing to be
gained by releasing " the great majority
of the Sinn Fein prisoners." The mere
fact that the British Government had
marked down certain men to be the par­
ticular victims on whom vengeance
should be wreaked would create a feel-
3
Separation
Set
ff
SOUTH
COUNTY
Dr.
Our
1917.
GERMANY
DUBLIN
Information
WITHIN
5
3-
Lorcan Sherlock Not a
Candidate
Bureau
Special to the " Evening Telegraph."
/
Saving
Amongst those who have been mentioned
as likely to be candidates in the Nationalist
interest for South County Dublin are Messrs
Thomas Clarke, J . P . , Chairman Rathdown
Guardians; James J. Kennedy, J.P., Chair­
man Kingstown Urban Council; and J . p
McCabe, J.P., Chairman Blackrock Urban
Council.
Ou^r London Correspondent writes:—Dr.
Lorcan Sherlock authorises me to state that
there is no foundation for tlie statement in
which his name has been mentioned in con­
nection w i t h the South Dublin vacancy. He
has, he asserts, no intention of being
candidate, and has not requested support
from anybody i n the constituency. If, how­
ever, the rumour is true that Alderman Dr.
M'Walter is about to be a candidate, Dr.
Sherlock would be glad to give him all the
support in his power.
lqust b
:ationery.
commer-
ANSWERS TO CORRESPC
pauvre.—If the" recipient receives her
money from the Central Pension Issue Office,
the matter is in order. I f not, she\ should
cease drawing the allowance, and draw the
paymaster's attention to the matter. I f she
continues drawing the allowance, knowing i t
to be illegal, she is liable to prosecution.
S.C.R.—We fear that you are not entitled
to any increased allowance. I t is assessed on
the actual pre-war earnings, and not on
problematical or future income.
WEm
inquirer—You
can
claim either a
Pension or Gratuity in respect of your son.
The gratuity would be calculated on a year's
Separation Allowance or a year's rate of pay
of the soldier, whichever is greater. The
paymaeter will forward you the necessary
form on which to make the claim when the
continuation period of 26 weeks is near com-
the
H
GOSSIP
§
Strong
OF THE DA Y |
Harvest
Enemy
f?^
J de$
c
nVa
Derbyshire.
ANGLO-FRENCH
(BY EVENING
TELEGRAPH
RELATIONS
S P E C I A L WIRE.)
Do you like caterpilbu,? No!
Well,
London, Thursday Afternoon.
' One of t h e most definite indications of the well, we all have our like, and dislikes. Per.
food situation in Germany is the elaborate sonally I have no use for the wriggling
organisation of a scheme to anticipate the things, but I daresay thece,«re folk who,
c o m harvest. It has been decided, says the when they feel that nobody loves them, go
"Times," to pay farmers a premium of three
marks for every hundred-weight of^ corn out into the gaiden and pty j t h the fuzzy,
ihre«hed and delivered by the middle of wuzzies. I t is possible th«t there are people
August, two marks for every hundred­ -ho, having in mind the caterpillar's
weight threshed and delivered by Septem­ eventual evolution into a butterfly—a thing
ber 1. and one mark for every hundred­
weight threshed and delivered during Sep­ of beauty and a joy for an hour—would like
form a society for bis protection and
tember. At the same time special supplies
of coal and other materials are promised to education.
But I don't flunk any of those
districts which undertake to begin the har­ tender-hearted folk can Ihe in the Peak dis­
vest before the middle of July.
trict of Derbyshire. Areead that way just
As regards labour, more A m b i t i o u s plans of now they are suffering from too much cater­
assistance have been made than in any pre­
From the accounts of veracious
vious year.
" Military threshing Kom- pillar.
mando* " are to be supplied wherever pos­ special correspondents and the letters of
FREEDOM
OF NATIONS
sible, a n d all the public schools, army cadet exasperated residents I gather that a cater­
establishments, schools for non-commissioned pillar army has mobilised down there, and is
officers
and so on, will send out their students.
American Labour Insists on
As a rule, only youths over 16 years of age holding up the traffic, destroying the crops,
People's Rights
will be' supplied. The whole bureaucratic and chasing the cattle to fret* pasturage, and
Wonderful
Washington,
Thursday
(Eeuter).—Mr. educational machinery is b e i n g employed ou playing Old Harry genttally.
Goinpers, President of the, American Federa­ the scheme. I t appears that the harvest re­ what frknd caterpillar cai do when there is
cruits will only r e c e i v e b o a r d and lodging and
tion of Labour, has cabled to Mr. Duncan, Is 6d a week as pocket-money.
a lot of him, all animatedby the one idea—,
representative of organised labour with the
grub!
3 & | B ^ P Q B P U . - ^ • M . ^.c9 " ^
France and England.
American mission to Russia, as follows:—
The Berlin "Lokalana<•rger' makes yet one
Cablegrams from Petrograd published "in more despairing effort, remarks the London
the American newspapers contain inform). '""paily* Express^" to convince Berliners that
The main body of the invffduig army u
ti»n that a conference has been tailed * . e r e ' i s no real friendship between fraace concentrating on Chapel-en-leFrith. I think
Petrograd to consider the advisability «
E i d . We are perfctlv well aware
calling a , Congress of Socialistic b o d i e i j
notwithstanding all the "clap-trap we they must have been annoyed i y the name of
Federations, and trade unions throughout t are constantly reading,. there exist* no real the place.
Other bodies are reported from
world.
The credentials which have be harmony between the English and the the vicinity of Tideswell, Whitehall (near
issued to you by the Executive Council
French. The English are not in the habit of
the American Federation of Labour authori lending unselfish assistance to others. When Buxton), and cm the hills near Kettleshulme,
you to participate in such a conference, an ever they render any service they always in Cheshire. The inhabitants of the menaced
if invited, you are advised to accept t' take good care to make others feel that they districts are making desperate etorts to reinvitation. Of course you will insist on t are the overlords.
The Parisians are be­ •ist the advance.
In one place the highway
acceptance of the fundamental principles
ginning to tremble at the possible conse­ surveyor spread a broad belt of lime half-andemocracy for every country, and also
quences of a mistaken marr'n^e between
the necessity of all peoples in each couniri Marianne and John Bull.
Wo have it inch deep across the road. It killed the
large of small, to live their own lives and ti> on
the
faith
of
fair-minded r.nd weaklings of th'e army, but the vast majority
work out their own destinies
observant
neutrals
who
have
lately got through, and' seemed, if anything, in
The cause for which America entered thfc been in
Paris
that the
signs and better form than ever. A t anotker point the
war was to safeguard these principles. Muck tokens of Mariannes daily augmenting
as we desire peace, no false notions shoull disgust at the unnatural union into which she roads were sprayed with a solution of
prevail. The world cannot any longer en- has been forced are everywhere in evidence. paraffin and water, and this leans to have
dure half autocracy and half democracy. Nobody now dares in any public resort'to been more or less successful until the in­
Either one or the other will prevail. Ameri­ play or sing the English National anthem.
can Labour will fight for the destruction a I Recently at the Cafe Riche a Swiss orchestral vaders h i t upon' the idea of going round the
Urgent appeals have been sent to
autocracy and the victorious establishmeii conductor, newly arrived in Paris, who knew obstacle.
and maintenance of democracy.
naught of these restrictions, struck up " God the Board of Agriculture for reinforcements
save the King," and "was assailed by all those in the shape of experts.
There seems, how­
present with beer trays, saucers and
other missiles with such fury that he had to ever, to have been some delay ia sending the
LABOUR
UNREST
AND
HIGH retire from the scene with the blood trickling required help.
I suppose the Board has
down his face.
never been up against a proposition like this
FOOD
PRICES
befbre, and doesn't know exactly what kind
of experts are required or \fhere to find
IN
MEMORIAM
them.
To the Editor of the Evening Telegraph.
w
v
M
c
a
,
tn
a T 1 ( i
n g
a n
t h a t
Sir—The Commissioners appointed by tie
Government to inquire into the above sub­
ject were received yesterday by M r . Llo;d
George. The Premier, addressing the gathfing, dwelt on one of the causes of industry
unrest, viz., " high prices," which he sad
they were not going to wait for report iii
Commissioners to deal with. D i d this inqujyi
ever apply to Ireland ? Is i t possible thatjn,
this implied promise of some relief that ?e
are told almost on the same wire that catfe
are to be actually bought £10 to £12 per hdd
dearer in Ireland this autumn by the Govehment themselves than last. Starting with ae
foreign meat, as Sir Albert Stanley stab
the price the Government have purchasedtit
viz., Australian beef, 4£d per l b . ; mutton, ijd
to 5;jd, viz., dressed meat ready Dr
the
consumer,
there
would
seem to
be some relief
for the English rtisan who eats this meat when ie
can get i t . Recently i t was up to Is 6d reta.
The Irish artisan is now faced w i t h cattle ?day Is 4d per lb and the cheaper autum
Major Willie
Redmond
One of the I r i s h great, with a soul that knew no fear,
And a heart that k n e w no hate, w h e n the stern
hour grew near.
He stretched his h a n d to his brothers,
W i t h the death-dews on his brow,
;And the h a n d g r o w n cold, Oh U l s t e r ,
W i l l y o u not grasp it n o w ?
Will you, can y o u forget the supreme p r i c e he paid,
While the world is r i n g i n g y e t w i t a the brave
appeal be made ?
~
Hot from the blood-red field,
W h e r e Munster a n d U l s t e r vow
To conquer or die.
Oh Ulster,
W i l l y o u not hear h i m n o w ?
l o - n i g h t the F o u r W i n d s a r e Bobbing
A r o u n d h i s native shore,
A n d the b u r d e n of t h e i r s i g h i n g
I s the two dread words " no m o r a . "
Yet he died, as he lived, for I r e l a n d ,
And sorrow to p r i d e give* w a y . .
Jf
per
structiOns ai
In a word, tlie scheme
eiali^ed.
FROM
Allowances
In the scries of articles which have ap­
peared since May we have dealt'generally
with the principal features of separation
iillowaiiee as i t affects the soldier and his
wife or dependant. I n this issue we deal with
some of the anomalies of the system, which
was hurriedly evolved at the outbreak of war,
and includes many petty and irritating de­
tails which demand the urgent attention of
the Army Council. Intermittent efforts have
been made to eradicate some of the weak
points, resulting, ns a rule, in entangling the
unfortunate dependant still more closely in
the meshes of red tape. Every amendment
which has been introduced has involved fresh
outpourings of long-winded and intricate
forms. The basic ideas contained in most of
the innovations are excellent. They require
a commercial rather than an academic direc­
tion.
•
SUGGESTED
AMENDMENTS.
The first point which occurs to the ordinary
layman—and which the expert realises from
intimate experience as fruitful of endless* cor­
respondence of an acrimonious nature—is the
necessity for .abolishing the heavy burden
which the compulsory allotment entails on,
the allowance which a grateful- nation offers
to the soldier for his whole-time service. The
We greatly fear that Mr. William Martin
hdrawal of thjs compulsory allotment
Murphy's pious journals w i l l be c o m p e l l e d %g i'd remove a genuine grievance,' and corierably lighten tiie daily mail-bag of the
denounce J%ther Lawless as an anti-cleric.
^imental paymasters.
It is one of the cynical humours of ths The Army Council is meticulously correct
latest development in Irish politics that id exact i n seeing that the soldier pays his
the
"Independent"
has
taken
the e share of any allowance which may be
Catholic hierarchy and priesthood under anted. The same stringent supervision is
no means characteristic of the adminisits sheltering wing. The " Evening Herald "
ation of the allowance. We have already
is particularly perturbed by any criticism of awn attention to the entirely inadequate
priests whose hostility to the Irish Party ovisions made fox the distribution of the
leads them to circulate the loathsome lie owances for motherless children. The
pie production of a birth certificate is
that was coined by M r . Laurence Ginnell,
the disappointed applicant for a job under [tactically sufficient to secure the adrainistion of an allowance for a motherless
the Department of Agriculture in the days
Id. There is no preliminary investigation
of Sir Horace Plunkett's authority.
This
to the suitability of the proposed guarand
no subsequent inquiry as to
latter-day piety of the " Independent " jour­
ether the child is really deriving the
nals is, of course, by way of penance for
efit of this grant from the public funds.
the time when a member of the editorial Oa the other hand, should the mother of an
start was writing to the Orange Press of infirm child who has attained the age limit
Belfast, telling stories of the enormities com- 0 M 6 , and who is in a good home under
itted by priests in the Confessional, and lonng guidance, apply for an extension of
promising revelations about " the attitude the allowance, extensive precautions are first
taken, and the completion of elaborate forms
of the Irish Catholic Hierarchy and clergy, periodically demanded. The appointment in
and the spread of!, Hooliganism, partly as a principal towns and large centres of men
result of the absence of instruction on the experienced in social work, and with an in­
timate knowledge of the field of their opera­
rules of conduct."
tions, to supervise and report on the allow­
ances for motherless children, would go far
It is, therefore, all the more necessary now towards preventing what is, in fact, a
lamentable abuse of public money.
for the " Independent " and its " bantling " STANDARDISATION
OF RATES
FOR
to adopt an ultra-pro-clerical pose.
We do
DEPENDANTS.
Another reform, which if rather drastic and
not see how the Murphyite organs can afford
to let pass- the shocking anti-clericalism of extensive, is nevertheless urgently called for,
is the standardisation of the rates for de­
Father Lawless in referring to the Bishop of pendants. At; present the scale ranges from
Derry's performance in " the unworthy role Is. to 12s. 6d., based on the soldier's average
of wrecker." It> is quite as bad as the mes­ weekly contributions prior to enlistment, and
sage which the Very Rev. Canon Quinn, of subject to numerous pitfalls in the matter of
the requisite allotment. ' Why not make a
Bessbrook, has sent to the Irish Leader, in fixed rate of 12s. 6d. for a wholly dependent
which he said—'-' The name of Redmond will parent, with corresponding allowances at
descend to posterity alongside the names of children's rate for other members of the
The
O'Connell, Q'Donnell, and O'Neill, patriots household dependent on the soldier?
saving in stationery and correspondence would
and heroes, who laboured and fought for Ire­ alone be worth the trouble involved in the
land, when your critics will rot in their change.
The Government's avowed inten­
tombs unhonoured and unsung ? This of a tion is to win the war, regardless of cost,
Its
activities
are manifold, and its multitud­
man who has been charged with having
inous departments all-pervading. Here is a
S practically sold" Ireland!
problem which deserves more attention at
the hajid* of its financial experts than it has
so fat received.
Meantime Sir Peter Reilry O'Connell,, of
Belfast, sits in the Gresham Hotel, at tha re­
The tlarin* defect in the whole scheme is
quest of the Bishop of Derry, waiting for the t W &i» l,pin<r nm on the old methods of the
names of " every County Ccjunsiypj.', AlderConvention—'
tion on whose behalf Cardinal Logue asks the
prayers of the faithful so that its members
may arrive at " a decision which will put an
end to the jealousies, distrust and divisions
which have been the bane of the nation for
Centuries."
Sir Peter is also waiting the
monosyllabic telegrams from the men hi Cork
and elsewhere who have been invited
to - join in summoning a meeting in
Dublin " to protest against the parti­
san
and pro-partitipn arrangements for
the proposed Convention." The selection of
Sir Peter Reilly O'Connell as Dr. M'Hugh's
lieutenant in the new campaign has created
some amusement in Belfast, where ho is
better known than in Dublin. But what has
become of Mr. Charles O'Neill, D . L . , Derry?
Is the Belfast Knight more reliable than the
Deiry Deputy; Lieutenant?
By way of
pleasing contrast to the wrecking c a m n a i c n
JUNE
N. Ol R B I N S HURL1.V.
eqnal to Is 3d per "Th—Hf ffie Uovtrni->>*i'. *^
themselves.
The closing of butchers' shois
is the only result 1 can see of this latest a>
TRAM WAYMENS
GRIEVANCES.
tion by the Government. Even the most astue
Government official cannot increase the prit*
of live cattle and decrease the price of tie Ta the Editor of the Evening Telegraph.
same beast in meat. Irish cattle are bought Sir—I and a great many other tramway
dear by the farmer; his feeding stuffs are 1 men read with no small interest Mr. Bfogan's
world's record.
The Government may feel letter hi this evening's TELEGEAPH, in which
justified in securing him with profit out of he uses most picturesque nautical language.
his position. We, butchers, have to confront juat what one would expect from a person
the discontent caused by price as distributors living near the Dalkey Sound—to justiiy his
Why no ;, as a solution, take the offer tt abandoning the meeting which he himself
have made of our shops?
I t fits well inU fixed to be held on Saturday night. Now, I
the Premier's co-operative distribution of the tell hipi that no one believed he had any in­
country's food assets scheme. Again I aait
tention of deserting the Trades Union ship
who has walked off w i t h - t h e swag in the up to Sunday morning, and his explanation
foreign meaW
I give you prices of their ss to his absence from Rutland Square seems
original market and ours.
satisfactory enough.
But why should a
W I L L I A M P. D E L A N Y , J.P., T.C. Special tram he got to bring iir the Dalkey
Dublin, June 13, 1917.
men to Dublin? Could not a few brakes be
got cheaper, and on a fine summer's night and
MEETING
OF
CHAMBER
OF morning they would be as comfortable a mode
of locomotion as a luxurious special provided
COMMERCE
by the traffic manager, v«ho I don't think is
4
These caterpillars appear to be larger and
more hefty than the common oi garden va­
riety. The main army is said to be five miles
long and half a mile deep.
A local official
who gallantly volunteered to spy out the land
succeeded in taking several prisoners singlehanded", and they are reported to be extra
huge and hairy, veritable Samsons among
caterpillars, as it were. In the villages timid
folk speak
with bated
breath of the
"monsters,"
and use them ' in place
of the old Bogey Man as an in­
ducement
to
make
the
chiitVcn go
to bed at & reasonable hour.
As proof of
the military intelligence of the ia»ders, it
may be mentioned that they are prs*ng mo.-t,
conclusively Napoleon's axiom that an army
marches upon its stomach. ^Futherinore,
they are making the enemy'* iai* support
l u y i u i w niLHiiuiiiijiin
roots or young shoots of rank mocfend grass,
it w i l l be seen that the commissitiat has an
easy job. Cattle, however, refnatto eat what
the caterpillars have passed over, and in one
case a flock of disgusted sheep hsre emigrated
of their own accord in search of sweeter grass.
It is quite evident that there are few
Alpini among the Fuzzy-Wuzries. Walls
evidently present » serious difficulty to them.
An intrepid Pressman (we are a brave race)
who saw the army at close quarters makes
this clear. He say*:—
A motorist pulled up to draw my attention to •
horde of moving thing* on the madF o r fully a
quarter of a mile along th8 limestone rotil there vras
a m o v i n g mass, millions urK>n infiS ' Like a a
a d v a n c i n g a r m y t h e y c a m e dows the moorland,
wriggling a n d t w i s t i n g amongst the grass.
Walls
did not deter them.
T h e y sei*ii?t' u u p , a n d on
reaching tho top were unable to cling for the down­
w a r d route, a n d thev dropped into <" ' prass. Acro«s
th*- rmH< t h . , ' '
of
s
le
1L
h
W e do
tne British Cabinet she could not have «u O U O J I K w i u i u - u - p r u - c i e i ' i c a i pose.
DEPENDANTS.
not see how the Murphyite organs can afford
Another reform, which if rather drastic and
been better served. The full tide of
to let pats- the shocking anti-clericalism of extensive, is nevertheless urgently called for,
Irish sympathy with the Allies" cause
Father Lawless in referring to the Bishop of i» th* standardisation of the rates for de­
was checked and turned aside.
The Derry's performance in " the unworthy role pendents. Ati present the scale ranges from
spirit created by the passing of the of wrecker." lb is quite as bad as the mes­ Is. to 12s. 6d., based on the soldier's average
weekly contributions prior to enlistment, and
Home Rule Bill into law was poisoned sage which the Very Rev. Canon Quinn, of subject to numerous pitfalls in the matter of
and perverted by tactics partly stupid Bessbrook, has sent to the Irish Leader, in the requisite allotment. ' Why not make a
and partly criminal. The Irish in the which he said—'-' The name of Redmond will fixed rate of 12s. 6d. for a wholly dependent
parent, with corresponding allowances at
Colonies who gave such splendid proofs descend to posterity alongside the names of children's rate for oilier members of the
of their enthusiasm in the early days of O'Connell, Q'Donnell, and O'Neill, patriots household dependent on the soldier ? The
the war were driven into a condition of and heroes, who laboured and fought for Ire­ saving in stationery and correspondence would
alone bo worth the trouble involved in the
angry resentment that has seriously land, when your critics will roll in their changeThe Government's avowed inten­
reacted to the detriment of the Allied tombs unhonoured and unsung." This of a tion is to win the war, regardless of cost.
man who has been charged with having Its activities are manifold, and its multitud­
cause. In the United States the policy
practically sold
Ireland!
inous departments all-pervading. Here is a
of the British Government gave the
problem which deserves more attention at
—YTTT—
small pro-German faction of Clan-nathe hands of its financial experts than it has
Meantime Sir Peter Reihy O'Connell,, of so far received.
Gael professionals their only chance oi
Kennedy s
Bread
FINEST
QUALITY
MADE
Belfast, sits in the Gresham Hotel, at the re­
quest of the Bishop of Derry, waiting for the
names of " every County CclunsiUor, Alder-
BAKERIES:—
124 to 130 Gt. Britain !
St. Patrick's Baker
DUBLIN.
7, I . I S . 14 and I S D A W S O N S T . , D U B L I N .
Carpet Squares.
WILTON,
In
Newest Designs a n d Colourings, also L i n o a n d
C o r k Carpets In L a t e s t Patterns.
WINDOW B L I N D S IN G K E A T V A R I E T Y
FROM
4/11 E A C H .
ASK F O R CATALOGUE.
D O C K R E L L , Limited,
SOUTH
£20
GREAT GEORGE'S ST., DUBLIN.
to £5.000
tion on whose behalf Cardinal Logue asks the
prayers of the faithful so that its members
may arrive at " a decision which will put an
end to the jealousies, distrust and divisions
which have been the bane of the nation for
centuries."
Sir Peter is also waiting the
monosyllabic telegrams from the men in Cork
that would rather see
the
Kaiser
and elsewhere who have been invited
triumphant than set Ireland free are still to ' join in summoning a meeting in
dominant in the councils of the British Dublin " to protest against the parti­
Government. If amnesty is not merely san and pro-partition arrangements for
delayed but diluted it is worse than the proposed Convention." The selection of
worthless.
There is nothing to be Sir Peter Eeilly O'Connell as Dr. M'Hugh's
gained by releasing "the great majority lieutenant in the new campaign has created
of the Sinn Fein prisoners." The mere some amusement in Belfast, where ha
fact that the British Government had better known than in Dublin. But what has
marked down certain men to be the par­ ft* come of Mr. Charles O'Neill, D . L . , Derry?
ticular victims on whom vengeance Is the Belfast Knight more reliable than the
Deiry Deputyt Lieutenant?
By way of
should be wreaked would create a feel­
pleasing contrast to the wrecking campaign
ing even more intensely hostile than
of'Dr. M'Hugh is the meeting held in Cork
that which has up to the present pre­ to day. The Bishop of Cork was one of the
vailed.
signatories to the resolution calling that
It has to be remembered that none of meeting for the purpose of " cordially wel­
the men in jail got a trial in the ordi­ coming the holding a Convention." If
nary s e n s e in which the word is used. the Convention is to be destroyed, Sir Peter
Nobody regards the courts-martial as Eeilly O'Connell, of Belfast, is scarcely the
man for the task.
by the accredited representatives of the
various Colonies. Mr. Balfour lias had
the evil effects of England's betrayal of
Irish hopes brought home to him in
vivid fashion during his recent visit to
the States. But apparently the forces
Maguire &Gatchell, Limited.
AND
ADVANCED
B y P r i v a t e L e n d e r on
Simple Promissory N o t e
No B i l l s ot Sale taken, and absolute p r i v a c y g u a r
anteed. F i r s t tetter of application receives prompt
attention, a n d intending borrowers are waited upon
by a representative who ia empowered to complete
transactions on . term* m u t u a l l y
arranged,
NO
C H A R G E being mad* unless business is actually
rrmpleted.
Special quotations (or Short
Loans.
Write i a confidence to
tribunals of justice. The time, the
place, the surroundings, the secrecy of
the elaborate farces that preceded the
C . W e l l s . 3 1 Exchequer Street. D u b l i n passing of sentence made the whole
Head Office: Corridor Chambers, L e i c e s t e r .
thing a huge and repdisive mockery.
Up to the present day the charges
against the mtm and the evidence on
which they were convicted have been
suppressed.
The military who tried
them could by no stretch of imagina­
tion be regarded as a judicial body,
qualified by training, temperament, and
the circumstances of the time to deal
IRISH
TWEED
SUITS
AND OVERCOATS
TO out even-handed justice.
They took the
CELTIC
COM
The new Franchise Bill, with its provision
for practically automatic registration of votes
and for the payment by the State of election
expenses, is bound to hit many persons who
have been receiving remuneration for the
work under tho present cumbersome arrange­
ment regarding electoral returns and revi­
sion.
The persons interested in this work
include the temporary Revising Barristers,
the Town Clerks of different cities, the Secre­
taries of County Councils, the Clerks of the
Crown and Peace, and the Sheriffs, who are
the Returning Officers at Parliamentary elec­
place of f i i d g u and j u r y i n a period tions. The Revising Barristers and those con­
nected w i t h municipal and county bodies en­
of panic, and the whole proceedings of
gaged in the work have been already moving
the courts over which they presided are,
the protection of their interests, and now
I the Irish, people, -taiuied j
steps to see t h
CREDIT TAILORING GO.
9 Lower Ormond Quay
M E A S U R E , a t Lowest Prices.
ALSO
LADIES'
TAILOR-MADE
COSTUMES
TO
M E A S U R E , at Lowest Prices.
E V E R Y GARMENT
GUARANTEED.
WEEKLY
OR MONTHLY INSTALMENTS.
I N v i T i; u.
L*itLCTio:;
9
LOWER
ORMOND
QUAi
CASH
o r
C r e d i t
Suits & Overcoats made to Measure.
Ladies' Tailor-made Costumes in
Latest Materials & Newest Designs.
Indigo Serges a Speciality.
FOR
GENUINE
VALUE
C A L L A1
The Reliable Tailors
23 T E M P L E B A R ,
'Phone 204L
500
L A W 80CIETY APPOINTMENT.
A t a meeting yesterday the Council of the
Incorporated Law Society appointed M r .
Francis G. McKeever (Sen. Mod.), B.A.,
L L . B . , T.C.D., solicitor, to the office of Pro­
fessor of Equity, Beal Property Law, and
Conveyancing.
SACRED H E A R T H O M E ,
i n g , d w e l t o n one of t h e c a u s e s of i n d u s t r l l K n d
-TVYV-
Major Willie Redmond
of the I r i s h great, with a soul that knew no fear,
a heart that knew no hate, when the stern
unrest, viz., " high prices," which he
hour grew near.
they were not going to wait for report U
H e stretched his h a n d to his brothers,
Commissioners to deal with. Did this inqulj
W i t h the death-dews on his brow.
ever apply to Ireland ? Is it possible thattnj
A n d the hand grown cold, Oh U l s t e r ,
this implied promise of some relief that re]
W i l l y o u not grasp it now?
are told almost on the same wire that ca^e
are to be actually bought £10 to £12 per bad Will you, can y o u forget the supreme price he
dearer in Ireland this autumn by the Goveh- While the world is r i n g i n g yet w i t * th«
ment themselves than last. Starting with te
appeal he m a d e ?
foreign meat, as Sir Albert Stanley stafes
Hot from the blood-red field,
the price the Government have purchasedkt
Where Munster a n d Ulster vow
viz., Australian beef, 4£d per lb.; mutton,
T o conquer or die.
O h Ulster,
to 5 ^ ,
viz., dressed meat ready (ir
W i l l y o u not hear h i m n o w ?
the
consumer,
there
would
seem k>
be some relief for the English rl o - n i g h t the F o u r W i n d s are sobbing
tisan who eats this meat when {e
A r o u n d hia native shore,
can get it. Recently it was up to Is 6d rets].
Ai.fi the burden of their sighing
Is the two dread words " no m o r a . "
The glarin" defect in the whole scheme is The Irish artisan is now faced with cattle bY e t he died, as he lived, for I r e l a n d ,
it it is being run on the old methods of the day Is 4d per lb and the cheaper autujn
months
(at
least
they
used
io
be
when
In­
A n d sorrow to pride givea w a y .
j-war\ Government denartment. Businessland's millions of cattle were being distrih
U:is be di
paid,
brave
These caterpillars appear to be larger and
more hefty than the common ot garden va­
riety. The main army is said to be five miles
long and half a mile deep.
A local official
who gallantly volunteered to spy out the land
succeeded in taking several prisoners sintrlehanded", and they are reported to be extra
huge and hairy, veritable Samsons among
caterpillars, as it were. In the villages tin.id
folk speak
with bated
breath of
tbe
'monsters,"
and use them * in place
of the old Bogey
Man as an in­
ducement
to
make
the
children
go
to bed at a reasonable hour.
As proof of
the military intelligence of the invaders, it
may be mentioned that they are proving most
conclusively Napoleon's axiom that an army
marches upon its stomach.
, Fmtheruiore,
they are making the enemy's lanfl support
e
MODERN T A B L E CHINA W A R E ,
MODERN T A B L E GLASS WARE.
MODERN E A R T H E N W A R E .
AXMINSTER
Sir—The Commissioners appointed by tk
Government to inquire into the above SB •
ject were received yesterday by Mr. Llo
George. The Premier, addressing the gatto One
DRTMCONDHA.—The
Committee met yesterday.
Present• Mi.-s
O'Brien (presiding), Mrs. A . M . Sullivan,
Mrs. T. Healy, Mrs. O'Connor, Mrs. Murphy,
Mrs. Murray, Miss Redington Roche, Miss
MacSweeny," Miss Sweetman, Miss O'Reilly,
Miss Power, M a Soeur Monica, Miss Howard.
Receipts box at gate, £1 3s 5d; Miss Gaynor.
£ 1 ; Asking Prayers, 3s 4d.
There is but one way to deal with the
whole/problem. It is to tho interest of
England and the Empire that the good­
w i l l of the Irish race should be secured.
The forthcoming Convention offers a
possible way to that end. If that Con­
vention is to succeed a better atmos­
phere must be created. A policy of
vengeance that arouses antagonism and
creates suspicion must come to an end.
An,y convention is hopeless whilst one
of the men who was seduced into rebel­
lion by the teachings of Sir Edward
Carson and his provisional " rebels "
remains in jail.
The leader of the
Ulster Unionist Party taught Irishmen
to lose faith i n moral suasion and revert
to the principles of physical force. The
Government of which Sir Edward
Carson is a member owes it to those
who believe in constitutional methods
to release the men who put his uncon­
stitutional teachings into practice; but
the release must be full, immediate and
unconditional. Partial amnesty, would
be a mockery, a delusion and a snare.
NOTES
AND
COMMENTS
The Rev. Father Lawless, the patriotic
oarish priest of Faugharfc, Dundalk, addresses
minations in Clongowes Wood College.. Master some plain, unambiguous observations to the
Lyseght Ryan, grandson of Mr. Stephen
O'Mare, Limerick, won the Unioa Silver Bishop of Derry, in a letter in to-day's "Free­
man.-' The Bishop pf Derry is undisguisedly
Medal i a F^gL'sh Composition.
SUCCESSFUL S T U M N T . — A t the reteni exa­
tion, consisting of Dr. Sherlock, T . C . , and
Mr. Ricliard Bull, Sub-Sheriff of King's
County, representing the Association of
Sheriffs in Ireland, have been at the House
of Commons for the past few days, and have
been putting before members their proposal
for tbe inclusion of a definite sum in the
schedule as reasonable remuneration for the
Sheriff's work.
-vW~
The depreciation of the business capacity of
Irishmen as long as they continue to live in
their own country has almost passed into a
proverb. The Irishman is progressive and goahead in trade and manufacture everywhere
but at home. So say our critics across the
Channel, and so say also, indeed, their West
British sympathisers in Ireland. This doc­
trine of the wiseacres received distinct repudiation yesterday at the meeting of the Cork
Industrial Development Association, and from
no les3 a personage than Mr. Perry, the Ame­
rican managing director of the new Ford
Motor Factory in Cork. He told the meeting
how the Ford interests came to Cork through
the agency of the Industrial Development As­
sociation, and he added that it was only fair,
right and proper to say—and he had done
business all over the world—that be never had
the privilege of doing lousiness with men so
businesslike. They were prompt, courteous,
and everything desirable in the commercial
sense. And then he proceeded to point the
moral. The trouble in business matters in all
countries, he said, had always been an absen­
tee government," which was very often looked
upon as absentee omniscience as well as om­
nipotence. And surely, there is no country
to which the saying is more applicable than to
Ireland.
s.tructions and in
In a word, the
cialisedV
)f s t a t i o n e r y ,
be
commer-
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Pauvre.—If the recipient receives her
money from the Central Pension Lsye Office,
the maft'er is in order- If not, she should
cease drawing the allowance, and draw the
paymaster's attention to the matter. I f she
continues drawing the allowance, knowing it
to be illegal, she is liable to prosecution.
S.C.R.—W'e fear that you are not entitled
to any increased allowance. It is assessed on
the actual pre-war earnings, and not on
problematical or future income.
Inquirer —You
can
claim either a
Pension or Gratuity in respect of your son.
The gratuity would be calculated on a year's
Separation Allowance or a year's rate of pay
of the soldier, whichever is greater. The
paymaster will forward you the necessary
form on which to make the claim when the
continuation period of 26 weeks is near com­
pletion.
Corkonian (Cork).—12s. 6d. is the maxi­
mum Separation allowance which any one de­
pendant can receive. If, however, there were
other members in the household, such as
younger brothers and sisters dependent on the
soHier's contributions, the limit is extended
to that permissible for a wife and a corres­
ponding number of children.
Distressed.—You can obtain a supplemen­
tary allowance from your local War Pensions
Committee to enable you to pay your rent.
Curious.—There are two Army Pay Offices
in Irelaad-t-Cork and Dublin. The Pay Office
in Dublin deals with the following regiments
—Dublin Fusiliers. Irish Fusiliers, Inniskilling Fusiliers, Royal Irish Rifles, and
Horth Irish Horse.
Viator (Lurgan).—Any. separation allow­
ance (including allotment) due up to the
death of the wife of a soldier and remaining
for issue is disposed of as follows:—Any
charges on account of funeral or sick-bed
exponses have first claim. The balance, if
any, w i l l be paid to the person in charge of
the soldier's children. Any sum not so dis­
posed of is credited to,the soldier's pay ac­
count.
Injustice.—Wives of soldiers enlisted dur­
ing the war who wcrej residing in the Lon­
don Postal Area at tie date of enlistment,
if then married, or atFthe date of marriage
if married after enlistment, are allowed 3s.
equal to Is 3d per Th—oy trie (jiovernm
roots or young shoots of rank moofland grass,
themselves.
The closing of butchers' shoJs
it will be seen that the commissariat has an
is the only result 1 can see of this latest at
I'll AM W 'A Y MEM'S
GR1EVA
MCES
tion by the Government. Even the most astuie
easy job. Cattle, however, refuse to eat what
Government official cannot increase the prite
the caterpillars have passed over, and in one
of live cattle and decrease the price of tie
Te the Editor of the Evening Telegraph.
case a flock of disgusted sheep have emigrated
s a m e beast in meat.
Irish cattle are bougat
Sir—I and a great many other tramway
dear by . the farmer; his feeding stuffs are a men read with no small interest Mr. Brogan's of their own accord in search of sweeter grass.
world's record.
The Government may feel letter in this evening's TELEGRAPH, in which
justified in securing him with profit out of he uses most picturesque nautical language.
I t is quite evident that there are few
his position. We, butchers, have to confront
just what one would expect from a person
the discontent caused by price as distributor.
living near the Dalkey Sound—to justify his Alpini among the Fuzzy-Wuzzies. Walls
Why no';, as a solution, take the offer * e
evidently present a serious difficulty to them.
have made of our shops?
It fits well into abandoning the meeting which he himself
the Premier's co-operative distribution of the fixed to be held on Saturday night. Now, I An intrepid Pressman (we are a brave race)
country's food assets scheme. Again I ask tell hipi that no one believed he had any in­ who saw the army at close quarters makes
v/ho has walked oft' with-the swag in the tention of deserting the Trades Union ship this clear. He says:—
foreign meaL?
I give you prices of their up to Sunday morning, and his explanation
as to his absence from Rutland Square seems
A motorist pulled up to draw my attention to a
original market and ours.
F o r fully a
satisfactory enough.
But why should a horde of moving thing* on the road.
W I L L I A M P. D E L A N Y , J . P . , T . C special tram be got to bring iir the Dalkey quarter of a mite along the limestone road there was
a
moving
mass,
millions
upon
tnlijioi.s.
kike a a
Dublin, June 13, 1917.
men to Dublin? Could not a few brakes be advancing army they came dowa the moorland,
Walls
got cheaper, and on a fine summer's night and wriggling and twisting amoDgst the grass.
not deter them.
They gcrarable'd up, and on
MEETING
OF CHAMBER
OF morning they would be as comfortable a mode did
reaching tho top were unable to cling for the down­
of locomotion as a luxurious special provided ward route, and they dropped into the crass. Across
COMMERCE
by the traffic manager, Wiho I don't think is the roads they came i n massei, but then a curious
out to increase our wages. He is not paid for thing happened.
reaching the far aide of the road they essayed
that sort of thing.
There is nothing to be to Onclimb
again, b u t apparently overcome, they fell
pained by delay.
Why not strike tne iron hack, and then returned to the roadwa3 , almost w i t h
Restrictions on Brewing
while it is hot, and hammer out grievances on the rapidity of ants. H o u r after hour this Went on,
the anvil of public opinion at once ? I would but only a v e r y lew caterpillars fcaled the second
A special general meeting of Dublin Chan}' appeal to Mr. Brogan and to all conductors wall.
ber of Commerce w i l l be held on 21st inst., to and drivers to decide definitely on holding a It seems to me that in view of this fatal defect
consider the effect of the Government*! mass meeting on Saturday night next, 16th in the enemy's organisation the defenders can
restrictions already in force, or threatened, ot inst., for which the Banba Hall, the A.O.H. achieve victory very simply. A l l they have
the malting, brewing, distilling, agricultura Hall, or the Foresters' Hall can be got for the
aud allied industries, and on the trade an$ asking. Mr. Brogan can write to the T E L E ­ to do is erect barricades in Jhe path of the
commerce of the country generally, and tc GRAPH, stating in which of the halls the meet advancing army and man them with picked
take such action as the meeting may direct.
ine will be. held.
volunteers to grapple with the invaders'
A H A R D - P R E S S E D CONDUCTOR.
minority of mountaineers.
Dublin, June 15, 1917.
-
-*YVV-
S i c T a l ^ c ^ h ; cosi'of l i v i n g ^ Loddon is the reason advanced for this disimination.
Dissatisfied.—You are not eligible for a
transfer of the separation allowance received
by your late mother, as you were not a
member of the household or in any way de­
pendent on the soldier on enlistment. You
can, however, receive your brother's allot­
ment.
(These articles appear each Thursday.)
-
T H E K I N G OF G R E E C E .
LIBERATED.—Six young men, named Robert
Cussen, J . Quigley, Ml. O'Hea, J . Dick, A .
Lyons, and Wm. O'Grady, who were sen­
tenced to 2 months' imprisonment in connec­
tion with recent disturbances, were released
yesterday morning.
Of course there are not wanting peopl*
who see in this another manifestation of the
To the Editor of the Evening Telegraph.
Dear Sir.—In a recent issue of your valued Huns' diabolical ingenuity and merciless
paper you made reference to a pamphlet on utilisation of every* means to secure triumph.
the Home Rule Act by Mr. J . J . Clancy, One favourite story told seriously by lovers
M.P., to be obtained, I think, from U . I . L . of legends, is that a Zeppelin passed over
offices. You omitted to state the price, and
Kinder Scout and dropped millions of in­
we are most anxious to obtain it, in view of
the " Independent's " recent explosions. W. sect eggs to hatch out and devour the crops
The more practical minded
M. Murphy's little games are too transparent of England!
for Claremen.—Faithfully,
attribute the presence of these uu/iesirables
" CLARE. '
to the fact that there has been no heather
(The price of Mr. Clancy's pamphlet is one
burning on the moors for some years, with
penny.—Ed. E . T . )
the result that there has been a vast increase
of caterpillars. Whatever the cause the
THE COLLINS
LIBRARY.
caterpillars are an undeniable fact and the
To the Editor of the Evening Telegraph
situation is serious. If only Uiey cojfld b e
D e a r S i r , - M i g h t , I s t a t e m e n t Mr.
J.."W
euiivmceti ol liiv ^upei^hf i s U U i i
butter­
O'Betrne's plea, that this collection b e secured
for t h e nation.
It would be disastrous if we flies and persuaded to hurry up and metawere to allow it to be distributed broadcast morphise all might yet be well. At present,
under the auctioneer's hammer.
Is one however, they seem quite satisfied to remain
hour's work t o dispel the careful accumula­ caterpillars, and are evidently bent on having
tion' of years. \ Stay the impending auction
until steps are devised to secure the collection a good time.
in all its entirety.
I t is primarily a question
vOOO
for our Corporation; but failing this, let a
Another idea occurs to me at the. las.
subscription fund be opened? To allow such
a collection of Irish literature to be dispersed minute—just as I am entering the straight,
would be a standing disgrace.—Yours truly, so to speak.
Why not use poison gas?
E D W A R D GORDON.
Some of my friends among the plotters tell
BLASTING ACCIDENT.—Three men—Field, me that they have used gas against th«
Buckley, and Mullins—were injured in a enemies of their crops with great success. I t
serious blasting, accident at Coolgrue, near is possible that the Derbyshire caterpillars
Newcastle West. One of- Field's legs was are impervious to gas attacks, but that re­
blown off. They were taken to hospital.
mains to be found out. The need is urgent.
L'nless effective steps are instantly taken I
expect to hear that the invaders have been
slaughtering sheep and cattle, carrying oft
horses, and burning down farmsteads.
THE
GUARDIANS' SYMPATHY.—Dungarvan Guar­
dians passed votes of sympathy on the deaths
of Mrs. Flynn, mother qf a member, and of
Mr. Brennan, rate collector. Mr. Kiely was
appointed collector pro tem.
'PERSONALITIES
OF
THE
HOME
GREEK
RILE
ACT.
CRISIS
J. A. P.
RECORD TRANSACTION.—A
midland
small
bank, established under the Local Loans Act,
1843, has been doing business since principally
with small farmers. It has lent out -in that
time tens of thousands of pounds, and has
the extraordinary record of being paid back
in full, with interest, without contracting a
single bad debt. Thirteen pounds was out­
standing in the case of two young farmer*
who joined the colours. Both were killed ia
action, as were their sureties. This is the
only sum not redeemed.
This satisfactory
statement was made at the annual meeting.
L A D Y ' S SCHOLARSHIP.—A Technical Instruc­
M. Z A I M I S ,
The Greek Premier*
M. JONN ART,
High Commissioner.
PRINCE A L E X A N D E R )
The New King.
PRINCE
GEORGE,
Tne Ex-Crown Prince*
tion Scholarship, tenable for the academic
year, has been awarded by the Leitrim County
Committee to Miss Mary Faughnan* Finoaloughta, Dromod*
EVElSiiNU
MAJOR REDMOND
Influence of his Death on
the Troops
HIS
LAST
BATTLE
Mr. W. Beach Thomas, the " Daily Mail "
•far correspondent in France, • writes:—
" An. account of .Major Redmond's death
in an English paper has just reached me. I
•poke on the day after with some of the men
who fought side by side with Major Willie
Redmond in his last battle, but they did not
wish anything to be said till the world at
large knew of his death. He had proved so
invaluable, a soldier that at last, against his
will, he was compelled to go on the staff to
enter a less dangerous sphtre and leave Ins
companions. His value in the new position
Was as obvious as it had been in the trenches,
but on the eve of this battle he so urged his
claims to be present with his old battalion
that he was irresistible, and leave was given
reluctantly and with misgivings.
As a Man Inspired.
" He went back as a man inspired,
delighted as a boy to be with his fighting
companions once more and at the centre of a
great battle for freedom.'
" When that mine and shell tempest opened
at 3.10 on Thursday morning he was one of
the very first few
over the
parapet, and it is
iw over
I I I B parapet*, a i m n is
not easy to be among
among the
the first
first in
in an
an Irish
Irish
>gJBBigdiatelY he was g&n?ck
by a tragi
and carried a few _
of the trench he had just left. Some of the
men near him, who, while waiting, had
thought much more of his safety than their
own, went forward rejoicing in the belief
that a comparatively light wound had saved
him from greater dangers to come, and they
continued Tor twenty-four hours to nurse the
hope that he was on his way back to Eng­
land safe from further harm, but the wound
in the arm was not the only wound, and
while everyone was in full hope of hi* re­
covery he died of shock.
A Mystic influence.
." I have already said that he died in an
ambulance of Ulster troops who fought along­
side the South Irish. This incident has exer­
cised almost a mystic influence on many of
the troops, as I know from the lips of the
officers and soldiers of his unit. It symbolised
mystically the value of his sacrifice and
softened the shock of his death.
" The broad facts of his death are as I have
given them^ and I repeat them because the
details of the last moments of another brave
Irishman of a name not less well known have
been attached to Major Redmond. This other
advanced into the wood and was shot at
point-blank "range on the edge of a German
strong point which, thanks largely to his selfsacrificing dash, was successfully stormed at
the point of the bayonet."
MESSAGES OF REGRET
Messages of deep regret at the death of
Major Redmond continue to be received.
" H . M. Queen Alexandra has telegraphed to
Mr. John Redmond:—" Accept the expression
of my deep and heartfelt sympathy with you
on the death of your gallant and most distin­
guished brother, who has laid down his life
in the glorious cause.
ii A L E X A N D R A . ' !
Mrs. W. Redmond and Mr. John Redmond
have received further messages of sympathy
from the following*—
THE MOST R E V . OR. F O L E Y ,
The Most Rev. Dr. Foley, Bishop of Kildare
and Leighlin, who wired:—" Deepest sympa­
thy in death of noble-hearted, chivalrous,
lovable brother."
MR. T . P. O'CONNOR.
Mr, T, P. O'Connor writes : ~
My
Dear Mrs. Redmond,—The dreadful
news of Willie's death was a shock as well as
a grief to me. I can only say that his death
was Worthy of his generous and brave char­
acter -
^
fheyreatlove^^^^j^vs
tVice-Chairman), Richard K . Gamble, J'.i".;
Wm. Wallace, J . P . ; Marcus Goodbody, J.P-J
Laurence Martin, William Crowe, George
Byrne, J . P . ; James W. Hill, J . P . ; David
Barry, Wm. H . Litchfield, S. S. M'Cormick,
J.P.; William Hewat.
The Chairman said since they had last met
another prominent and respected Irishman
had passed away in the person of Major Red­
mond.
The Board would be doing itself
honour in respecting his memory and in pass­
ing a vote of condolence with his family.
Mr. Hill, in seconding, said they all felt
that lie had died for Ireland.
Mr. M'Cormick—I think Major Redmond
had done more to cement the differences exit­
ing among Irishmen than any other politician.
Mr. Litchfield—I think the country has lost
a great man in Major Redmond.
Mr. Hewat identified himself with the tri
bute to Major Redmond's memory, and said
his death just now was a great national loss.
He was certainly a man who at a time like
this would be a very great bond of union be­
tween the different parties in this country,
and his loss at the present time was one that
they must all deplore, whether they agreed
with his political views or not.
Mr. Hollwey associated himself with his
colleagues, and said Major Redmond had
played the part of a man and a true patriot.
The vote of condolence was passed unani­
mously.
TELEGRAPH,
^UNE
THIS AFTERNOONS'
Inquest on the Victims
PARLIAMENT
IRISH PRISON WARDERS' WAGES.
Mr. N U G E N T asked the Chief Secretary
if he was now in a position to skite the result
of his inquiries into the*posi'tion of the Irish
prison warders as affected by the scheme of
payment recently introduced; and whether
he is now in a position to recommend the
officials jn the Irish prison service to be placed
on an equality with those Sri the English ser­
vice In accordance with the promises made to
them.
Mr. D U K E — I have been in communication
with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who
had authorised certain detailed improvements
in the scheme of payment recently introduced,
which have been communicated to the General
Prisons Board, and will be published in due
cpurse.
;
EXPORT OF POTATOES.
Replying to Mr. T. M. Healy, who asked
whether permits for the export of potatoes
were issued on the 6th June by the Depart­
ment of Agriculture to Culleai and Allen to
export 1.000 tons; to the North of Ireland
Produce Co. 200 tons; to Warden and Stewart
1.000 tons; and to Messrs. Hugh T. Bauie
and Co. for a large consignment; whether at
the same time peimits were refused U> Ulster
Catholic merchants, and, if 69. would he say
on what grounds.
Mr. D U K E said—On the 4th, 5th, and 6th'
June licences were issued to army contractors, including the firms mentioned in the
question, for the export of 1.525 tons of pota­
toes which had been secured but were not
immediately required by the military authori­
ties. Licences are granted only in the case
of potatoes actually secured for the military,
and there is no ground for the suggestion in
the concluding portion of the question.
1
RELEASING W I N E S A N D SPIRITS
FROM BONO.
Sequel to an Increase of Wages
in England
The adjourned inquest on the three vict'H
of the disaster which occurred at York road
Mill, Belfast, through the collapse of a watfc
tank was resumed this afternoon.
The evidence showed that the t a n k was
made last August of reinforced concrete aad
was almost 70 tons weight.
The engineer of the mill could not give any
explanation as to the cause of the aecidett,
bilt mentioned that immediately before i t
occurred there had been a vivid flash of
lightning and a heavy peal of thunder.
j
IRISH DOCTORS
Annual Meeting of the Association
in Dublin
THE
MIDWIVES'
BILL
The annual general meeting of the lash
Medical Association was held to-day in Jbe
Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin. M*r.
• i t t a W i i i attJMfiilf afi^ril'Tli tW'cupied the chair, and there Wa3 a reprecewative attendance.
pi »
Mr. Gick, the secretary, submitted t\e
annual report of the Council, which stated
that the membership at the end of 1916" was
615. During the war sach questions of vital
importance to the profession as superannua­
tion for Poor Law Medical Officers and Poor
LaW reform were still in abeyance.
The
graded scale of salaries had been adopted by
some unions during the past year, but there
were still several that had not come into
line.
The Medicines Act Committee had
waited on the Local Government Board, and
a Bill had been drafted, and would be pre­
sented in Parliament when the time was ripe.
The income received, with the balance in
hand, amounted to £1,060,' and payments to
£621, leaving a balance of £438.
Irish Midwlves Bill.
A discussion took place on the subject of
the proposed Midwives Bill for Ireland.
Dr. M'Guinness said the Association should
take steps to have the matter dealt with.
It was an urgent question, affecting the lives
of the babies of the counry, and Mr. Duke
should be pressed to have the Bill which
was prepared carried into law in such a
manner as to have its clauses suitable to the
conditions of the country.
The President said that Mr. Duke was at
present a very busy man, and instead of
dealing with the birth of babies he was en­
grossed with the subject of a birth of a
nation.
Dr. Green proposed that copies of the Bill
would be procured, and sent to each county
branch of the Association for their considera­
tion.
Dr. Hennessy said the Bill should be sent
to the Local Committees of the Medical Pro­
fession, for all the doctors were concerned in
the matter, and the views of all of them
should be taken upon the measure.
The President said he did not see why all
the member^ of the Medical Profession would
not see a copy of this Bill. The provisions
of the B i l l had been submitted to some mem­
bers of the profession already.
Dr. Hennessy seconded the motion of Dr.
Green, which, however, was ruled out of
order by the President, and the subject
dropped.
•*? •
The President said the financial state of
the
the Association was satisfactoi
Dr.
motion of Dr. Higgins, seoc
acConnolly, the report and sti
counts were adopted.
idciit, and in thanking the
meeting, said the profession had done him a
very great honour to an obscure country
doctor m electing him as President of the
Association for the second session. I t was a
certificate of honour that the members ap­
peared to be satisfied w i t h his action during
the past year. He did not intend to give
a Presidential address on that occasion, nut
he would ask them to remember that his
whole heart and soul were ever and .always
wrapped up in the Association. He thought
he could claim that he had done a great deal
e had done what he
_
[ hard and honestly,
\ ^ _ He ha<
and having come of a fighting breed he would
fight for the Association to the last (ap­
plause).
Dr. G. E . J. Greene, Monte Vista, Ferns,
Co.
Wexford, was also re-elected Vicepresident, and suitably returned thanks.
The Council and Committee having been
elected and routine business disposed of the
meeting terminated.
'*'••'•
o
r
i t
a t
c o u
AJTD
W
T\r\i
THREE
CITY
FIRMS
INVOLVED
ROSCOMMON MEETING
D U B L I N (Wl
ing was of fait
Arnott's Stable In Form
i
of
tli«T,
land, having regard to its special circum­
stances, should be considered separately.
DT'BLIN
Betti
Mr. McGrath—The men say that there
was no jurisdiction to make a separate A n n a ,
zh a n d Lollypopp,
Award*
wi
nter by twenty lei
" A Shabby Way "
between second a n d t h i r d .
Mr. Burne, continuing, said the men were
back at work, but in consequence of a letter
received from the Secretary to the Irish Foun­
ders' Society, claiming the same rates as the
T H E I R I S H DERBY
English employes, they applied for an advance
to bring the award to 12s. The employers didf
not agree, and the men walked out, iii what
Argosy Arrives
the employers thought a shabby way. Strikes
were practically prohibited by the Munitions
Argosy,
the Irish Derby favourite, witji
of War Act as illegal. The Munitions of War
Act, by section 2, sub-section 1, provided the seven or eight other racehorses and a bum h
method to be employed by men dissatisfied of brood mares and foals, arrived from Holy­
with any pay or conditions—they were to give head this morning by London and North­
21 days' notice, for that was what it practi­ western Company's steamer, and were duly
forwarded from the North Wall to their new
cally amounted to.
The valuable lot had a nice pas­
A member of one of the firms concerned quarters.
gave evidence to the effect that the men were sage, and were none the worse for their sea
paid 9s a week increase on pre-war rates act­ journey.
ing on an award of March last, and they ac­
M I L I T A R Y R A C E AT B A L D O Y L E .
cepted that. Referring to the other advance
An extra race is being added to the Balapplied for, witness said he heard that if the
men did not get it they would strike. The doyle Red Cross Meeting for June 23, the
work was held up in consequence of the action Military Plate, which is certain to prove an
interesting event. I t is a mile and seven fur­
of the men.
longs affair, i n which only officers on full pay
Belfast Different from Dublin.
who are qualified riders w i l l be permitted to
Replying to question put iby Mr. M'Grath ride. A* race of a similar character at the
in cross-examination, witness said there was last Curragh Meeting proved a big success.
to be special treatment for Ireland in the mat­ Entries close on Wednesday next.
ter of increased wages, and objection was
raised to the inclusion of Ireland in a national
W E L L - K N O W N GREYHOUND DEAD.
arrangement.
Mr. M . G. Hale has lost his dog, Happy
Mr. M'Grath inquired from which quarter
Challenge, who run up in the Waterloo Cup
the objection came.
J:- ,
Mr. Burne said the objection came from the in 1915, when he was beaten by Sir Thomas show
2s to
Secretary's Department of the Employers' Dewar'8 Winning Number.
of ha
Federation.
marki
mtghl
Witness said there were different arrange­
the d
CYCLING.
ments for different countries.
Mr. M'Grath*-Is it a fact that in Belfast
the iron founders have got an increase cor
Fingal Rovers.
descriptions of lambs. F o r tl
responding with the English increase?
wa» a good enough t r
The
first
of
the club handicaps for the there
Witness said that Belfast was different from
m a i n were fully 3s to 6s undi
season
will
take
place
on
Saturday,
23rd
inst.,
still,
however,
u p to 68s an<
Dublin.
He knew they were getting more
76s, a piece paid for
than in Dublin, but he did not know how when a 25-mile road race will be held over instance
market, b u t ip referring to tt
the usual out-ahd-home course at Ashtown.
much.
A
Members intending to compete, are requested
to send in their entries tQ Mr. F . J. Ryder,
hon. secretary, 13 Upper Baggot street,-be­
DONEGAL W I L L
fore Wednesday, 20th inst.
now from the
and'price* ruled
4
£100,000
CITY TEACHERS' CLAIMS
Editor oMIie ivsmtmg
T»l rqwph,
To-day the hearing was resumed of the Pro­
bate suit of Gallagher against O'Donnell and
another. The plaintiff, James Gallagher, v. as
one of the next of k i n of the late Charles
niittee to a s k you to
M'Devitt, merchant, of Glenties, Co. Done­ please puDfi
owing copy of our
gal, who died a bachelor on the 15th A p r i l , memorial, w
» for itself
1914,
leaving assets representing
over
We, the ui
ty teachers, beg to request
£100,000. His w i l l was dated 20th January, you to give y<
in
order
that i
1911, and there" were two codicils dated re­ education put
spectively 13th and 14th A p r i l , 1914. Pro­ j u s t and fair
bate of the w i l l and codicils was granted to teachers :—
high house rents i n the city
( 1 ) Abn<
the defendants, the Most Bev. Dr. O'Donnell,
r«nts i n the
untry.
Bishop of Raphoe, and Mx. Peter Gallagher,
(2) H i g h cost to c i t y teacher
Postmaster, Glenties, as executors, and the
articles of food as milk, butt
vccetables, etc., w h i c h a r c ob
plaintiff sought to have the probate and codi­
st i n the country
cils revoked and declared null and void on the
circumstances au,j
ground that testator was not of testamentary
capacity, and did not know and ap­
prove of them. The defendants
deny
the allegations in the statement of claim,
Poli
contend that the w i l l and codicils were pro­
tion
wav
perly executed, and asked the. Court to de­
• tl*
cree probate.
The testator bequeathed by
que
his w i l l certain sums to relatives, and by the
c-.tli
codicils £10,000 to provide four nurses at Glen-
T A D
TO-DAY'S PRODUCE MARKETS
A general Munitions Tribunal sat this after­
2.0.
noon in the Southern Police Court for the pur­ STAND PLATE of 30 govs., of w h i c h sec. w i l l
•ovs. A flat race. F o r horses' that h a v e never
pose of hearing the complaints of three city
won a race under any rule* value 35 sovs.
rwo
firms against a number of their employees,
niilea
_
,
who, as alleged, took part in a strike in con­ Mr. T . B y r n e s O K L A H O M A , 3 10-5
M. Bcary 1
nection with a difference as to the rates of Mr. J . F . Hogan's M A M S T E R B R I D G E , a-10-5
"W
*
A. Hogan ^
wages affecting employment on or in con­
Sir R . M. Liddel's M O O R E F I E L D , 4-11-3..0. A y l i n 2
nection with munitions of war.
Mr. P . D . Coury's P r i n c e l y O'Neill, 6-12-5
Mr. O'MaUey. C
Mr. E . J . McElligott, K . C , presided over
Mr. Tuthill r
the tribunal, with Messrs. I I . McLaughlin Mr R Dowries' Ardonagh, 4-11-0
Mr. J I . S. Harri-son's Whiteheels, 4-11-0
Owner C
and Thos. Boniface as assessors.
Mr. I I . M. Hartifrm's P y e Bridge, 4-12-3...T. B u r n s 0
Mr. E. H . Burne appeared for the com­ Mr. J . Murphy's Isle o' S k y , 4-11-3
\)&t<\ '
Mr. Trejic
plainants, and Mr. William McGrath (in­ Mr. O. Odium's W a r F l o u r , 4-11-0
structed by Messrs. James O'Connor and Co.) Mr. i. i. Parkinson's Draughty,Mr.4-11-0
W. J . Parkinson 0
for the employees.
Mr. V .Stauners' f. by Saxon—Shanganagh B e a u t y ,
310-4
Mr. C o g h l a n
Mr. Burne, in the opening of the case for
i W i o o e r trained by Arnott, a t G r e e n n i a u i i t .
the complainants, said that prior to March
Clonsilla.)
last there was a conference held under the
Bftting—2 to 1 agst O K L A H O M A , 6 to 1 e a c l
Munitions of War.Act, and an award was Moorefield and W a r F l o u r 7 to 1 each Manistei
made bringing the wages up to a 4s. ad­ Bridge a n d Isle of 6 k y , 8 to 1 D r a u g h t y , 10 to 1
Whitsheels, 100 to 8 each Ardanagh a n d P y e B r i d g e
vance over that which had been in existence 20 to 1 others.
prior to these rates. An award was de
Won
easily by two lengths; five lengths betwee
clared in March under the Munitions of War second a n d third. ,
Act giving an additional 5s. to men and 2s.
2.30.
to boys and youths. That made a total LENABANE H A N O I C A P S T E E P L E C H A S E of 3
award of 9s. to the men. But before that
of w h i c h sec. rec. i sovs. T w o miles.
award was given in March dealing with Ire Mr. H . M . H a i i i g a n ' s L O C H A L L E N . 6-11 -9
land an award dealing with the same trades Mr. C . H o p e s M A B E S T O W N , a-10-5
was given in England bringing the total in­ Mr. J Cotnerfo
L O L L Y P O I ? I I . , a-9-7 E H o n l i
1. B .
rte' llotiap, B-U-10
0 . Hs
crease up to 12s. When that award was Mr.
Mr. F . B a
Bhann 6>p»d»h, 6-11-7 C . H a w l
declared in England the Irish representa- Mr. Deni
Mr.
W
.
I
rlives claimed special treatment f o r this coun­
Mr. i.
try.
The Board of Trade agreed that Ire­
Suit Involving
Presidency.
f
SPORTING
BTjTTRR.
RK, June 14.—Firsts, 169B;
fresh butter, 175s.
T A N K COLLAPSES AFTER
F L A S H OF L I G H T N I N G
(CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.)
1917.
MUNITIONS TRIBUNAL
B E L F A S T ACCIDENT
REDUCTION OF PRISON STAFF. »
Mr. N U G E N T asked the Chief Secretary
if it is intended to reduce the general staff
of the Irish Prisons Service by 100 warders;
if the reduction is to be secured by the com­
A VOICE FROM T H E GRAVE pulsory retirement of all wardsrs with under
15 years' service; i f he is aware that any
further reduction of those officials would
mean the imposing of extra and long hours
of duty on those retained, and that i t would
W i l l i e Redmond's V i e w s
impose untold hardships on the married
lpless fami
, and,
latum,
will he
A UNITED IRELAND
ay at what date the redaction is to take
place and what provision is to be made for
the married warders affected.
Mr. DUKE—There has been no proposal
" H a d Poor Kettle L i v e d "
made to retire any warders under fifteen
years'
service.
I t has been proposed to
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle writes to tie
make use temporarily of the services of such
"Times:—
warders as are at present not required for
Perhaps you would C a r e to publish the et- prison work on such other employment as
closed letter from Major Redmond, which n s y can be found for them.
almost be described as his voice from the
CHARGE AGAINST I R I S H M A N I N
grave, calling upon the coming Convention
ENGLAND.
to work hard-for a decision. I am sure that
Mr. O ' L E A R Y asked the Secretary of State
when the men of the North read such words
for the Home Department, whether he could
they will realise that there are many outside state the charge against Henry Stack in re­
their own ranks who would stand by them spect of which he had been detained in Cum­
if any real attempt were made to act un­ berland Prison since 26th April without trial;
fairly towards them, and that such know­ 'whether he would be brought to trial forth­
with or admitted to bail; whether he was
ledge must help to allay their very natural aware that he was an American citizen; and
fears:—
whether the American Ambassador had been
informed of his -detention.
" December 18, 1916,
Sir George C A V E — I find on inquiry that a
" Dear Sir Arthur Conan Doyle,
man named Henry Stack was detained in Car­
"It was very good of you to write
lisle Prison on remand and awaiting trial in
me, and I value very much the expressiond connection with a criminal charge from April
your opinion. There are a great many Iri«h tfnd to June 1st, when he appeared at the A s
men to-day who feel that out of this \ra.' sizes, was found not guilty, and discharged.
we should try to build up a new Ireland The answer to the last two parts of the ques­
tion is in the negative.
The trouble is, men are so timid about meet
ing each other half-way.
I t would be i I R I S H TEACHERS I N D U B L I N SCHOOLS.
fine memorial to the men who have diec
Mr. B Y R N E asked the Chief Secretary if he
so splendidly if we could, over their graves could state the number of principal and assist­
build up a bridge between the North ant ant teachers respectively employed in Na­
tional Schools of all kinds in Dublin City and
South.
County, and the number of such teachers who
" I have been thinking a lot about this were registered as qualified to teach Irish.
lately in France—no one could help doing sc
Mr. D U K E — T h e Commissioners of National
when one finds that the two sections from Education have no returns'available to enable
Ireland are actually side by side holding the them to furnish the information desired.
trenches! No words could do justice to tin
DESTRUCTIVE CROWS.
splendid action of the new Irish soldiers. Th'ej
Replying to a question,
*
never have flinched, they never give anj
Mr. D U K E said that the Department of
trouble, and they are steady and sober.
Agriculture were fully aware of the import­
" Had poor Kettle lived he would hav< ance of dealing with the damage done to
given the world a wonderful account o1 crops this season by crows, rooks, and daws;
and they had been i n communication w i t h
things out there. I saw a good deal oi
the police and military authorities as to what
Kettle, and we had many talks of the unit} piactical steps could be taken. He believed
we both hoped would come out of the war, arrangements had been made for authority to
I have been an extreme Nationalist all mj be given to manufacturers to supply shot to
life, and if others as extreme, perhaps, o* dealers for sale to holders of licences issued
the other side will only come half-way, thei by the Royal Irish Constabulary. No addt
tional order under the Defence of the Reahr
he gave his life may be wise enough tc tccept sentiment and the Imperial sentiment at Oil
all the magnificent love he gave to her
and the same time."
SENIOR CATHOLIC C H A P L A I N , 16th
DIVISION.
Rev. M. O'Connell, senior Catholic Chap­
UP T H E C O U N T Y C L A R E '
lain to the 16th Division, writing to Mrs.
Redmond, says:—''Anything I could say
would fall very short in trying to express to
you how we all feel about poor Willie's death.
R-I-P. He was the heart and soul of the
How W i l l i e Redmond Fell
Irish Division. We all worshipped him, and
made his troubles and joys our own.
We
Some of the Nationalist and Ulster soldier,
have lived in a little world of our .own for the who went over the top w i t h Major Willi?
past two years, and have been supremely Redmond have arrived in London, says th?
happy. I hear only a uniform expression of
" Daily News," and speak w i t h poignatt
grief from all on the loss of a true and sincere
friend and, mingled with this, a pride and feeling of the loss of a much-loved leader.
" Major Redmond," said one young sufcsatisfaction in the glorious circumstances that
attended his death. AH the chaplains deplore altern, " was in high spirits and as irreprtt
sible
as ever. He had a joke and a smile fa
poor Willie's loss. He was always their cham­
every man, and as we flew over the parapA
pion. "
to the shouts of 'Cp the County Clare!' Maja
Willie showed us a clean pair of heels. M,
L I E U T - C O L O N E L ROCHE K E L L Y .
Lieut.-Col. Roche Kelly, Commanding Offi­ this moment there was a hurricane of sheik,
cer of the Royal Irish, writes to Mrs. Red one of which exploded almost beside Major
j\U,U<4D&Tf
,•
-r»
i TTII^I.
rw\ t
r s i , —
.otually larger. - x r a d a
by disposition for both
, a n d ' values a l l r o u n d
una
im-
6d;
ing each other half-way.
It would bs > IRISH TEACHERS I N D U B L I N SCHOOLS.
fine memorial to the men who have d«e»
Mr. B Y R N E asked the Chief Secretary if he
so splendidly if we could, over their g r a * could state the number of principal and assist­
build up a bridge between the North S»< ant teachers respectively employed in Na­
tional Schools of all kinds in Dublin City and
South.
„'«
County, and the number of such teachers who
" I have been thinking a lot about Jhi were registered as qualified to teach Irish.
lately in France—no one could help doing s< Mr. DUKE—The Commissioners of National
when one finds that the two sections iron Education have no returns'available to enable
Ireland are actually side by side holding th<
information desired.
tin
trenches! No words could do justice to thi
DESTRUCTIVE CROWS.
splendid action of the new Irish soldiers. Thej
never have flinched, they never give anj Replying to a question,
THE MOST R E V . DR. FOLEY,
Mr. D U K E said that the Department of
The Most Rev. Dr. Foley, Bishop of Kildare trouble, and they are steady and sober
Agriculture were fully aware of the importand Leighlm, who wired:—" Deepest sympa­
" Had poer Kettle lived he would have a nee of dealing with the damage done to
thy m death of noble-hearted, chivalrous,
given the world a wonderful account oi crops this season by crows, rooks, and daws;
lovable brother."
"ley had been in communication with
things out there. I saw a good deal o; 5
lice and military authorities as to what
MR. T. P. O'CONNOR.
Kettle, and we had many talks of the unitj
al steps could be taken. He believed
Mr. T. P. O'Connor writes :—
einents had been made for authority to
we both hoped would come out of the
en to manufacturers t'o supply shot to
My Dear Mrs. Redmond,—The d r e a d f u l I have been an extreme Nationalist al
news of Wilb'e's death was a shock a s w e l l as
i for sale to holders of licences issued
a grief to me. I can only say that Jo's death I
) Royal Irish Constabulary. No addlvcu Worthy of his generous a n d brave char- I
o r d e r under the Defence of the Reulm
»<J t a I..- . lUI.-.l (.
gave Asm "1 pray tnatUie land Tor which be able to hit upon a plan to SJ
he gave his life may be wise enough to accept
EXPORT OF POTATOES.
sentiment and the Imperial sei
all the magnificent love he gave to her."
Replying to Mr. T. M. Healy, who asked
and the same time."
SENIOR CATHOLIC C H A P L A I N , 16th
whether permits for the export of potatoes
DIVISION.
were issued on the 6th June by the Depart
Rev. M. O'Connell, senior Catholic Chap­
of Agriculture to Culleji and Allen to
UP T H E COUNTY C L A R E " ment
lain lo the 16th Division, writing to Mrs
export 1,000 tons; to the North of Ireland
Redmond, says:—"Anything I could say
Produce Co. 200 tons; to Warden and Stewart
would fall very short in trying to express to
1.000 tons; and to Messrs. Hugh T. Bacrie
you how we all feel about poor Willie's death.
and Co. for a large consignment; whether at
R.I.P. He was the heart and soul of the
How W i l l i e Redmond Fell the same time permits were refused to Ulster
Irish Division. We all worshipped him, and
Catholic merchants, and, if so, would he say
made his troubles and joys our own.
We
Some of the Nationalist and Ulster soldien on what grounds.
have lived in a bttle world of our own for the who went over the top with Major Willi:
Mr. D U K E said—On the 4th, 5th, and 6th
past two years, and have been supremely Redmond have arrived in London, says tte June licences were issued to army contrac­
happy. I hear only a uniform expression of
tors,
including tiie firms mentioned in the
grief from all on the loss of a true and sincere *' Daily News," and speak with poignait question, for the export of 1,525 tons of pota­
feeling
of
the
loss
of
a
much-loved
leader.
friend and, mingled with this, a pride and
" Major Redmond," said one young sub­ toes which had been secured but were not
satisfaction in the glorious circumstances that
immediately required by the military authori­
attended his death. A l l the chaplains deplore altern, " was in high spirits and as irrepres­ ties. Licences are granted only in the case
poor Willie's loss. He was always their cham sible as ever. He had a joke and a smile fcr of potatoes actually secured for the military,
every man, and as we flew over the parapd
pion."
to the shouts of 'Up the County Clare!' Majff and there is no ground for the suggestion in
Willie showed us a clean pair of heels. At. the concluding portion of the question.
LIEUT.-COLONEL ROCHE K E L L Y .
Lieut.-Col. Roche Kelly, Commanding Offi­ this moment there was a hurricane of shells,
RELEASING W I N E S A N D SPIRITS
cer of the Royal Irish, writes to Mrs. Red one of which exploded almost beside Major
FROM BOND.
He fell, but at the time we
mond from France:—"I wish to convey to Redmond.
The
Mr. N U G E N T asked the Chief Secretary
you, on behalf of myself and all ranks of the thought his wound was not serious.
battalion, our deepest sympathy in your very men went on with the attack and carried whether under the regulations made by the
great loss. We all feel for you very much, their objective. We took the Germans com­ Customs and Excise licensed traders are en­
and we aro all very sad at our loss and our pletely by surprise, and returned wit:i titled to release from bond for the year ending
absurdly light casualties."
j 31st March, 1918, on paying the duty asses­
country's lo»s. Your husband was w i t h me a
Speaking of the camaraderie ^existing be­ sable, fifty per cent, of t-lw quantity of winest
few hours before the battle commenced. He
and spirits cleared by them during the year
was quite cheerful and happy to be going over tween the men of the North and South of
1916, and if i t is understood that this amount
with the men. He went round the companies Ireland in the trenches, this officer related a is to be spread over quarterly periods ending
in the treuches that night and spoke to them story of how a well-known Irish Unionist, a 30th June, 1917; 30th September, 1917; and
all, and I feel sure his words were an incentive stauuch Protestant, bad repeatedly risked bis 31st March, 1918, during each of which peto all. On all sides I hear expressions of real life to save old political opponents. " The lods the quantity allowable wotdd be I2£ per
battlefield," he said, "has melted the passions
regret at his death."
of 1916 clearances; why i t is
of bygone days. I ' m a Belfast man myself, cent.
that
Dublin traders
who
made
re­
E A R L OF DERBY.
so I know."
turns
in
March last have not yet been
The Earl of Derby telegraphed:—" I can­
furnished
with
authority
to
clear
what
they
not tell you how deeply I sympathise with
are entitled to for even the first quarter end­
you in the loss you and the nation have sus­
ing 30th June, 1917; whether mstalnient
tained by the death of your gallant brother.
authorities have been issued for the half-year
Quite apart from other feelings he was a great
to the 30th September, 1917, and when
personal friend of my own, and 1 shall miss
traders have applied to be furnished with
him very much, as he never failed to come
authority for the balance to which tliey are
and see me when on leave in this country, lie
Sorrow for Deaths of Major entitled they have been informed that when
was one of the most gallant and patriotic
the accuracy of the returns made had been
soldiers that this war has produced.—Derby."
Redmond and A i d . Cotton established
the Advisory Committee w i l l
authorise the clearance of whatever amount
A MESSAGE FROM FRANCE.
A meeting of the Irish Parliamentary Party appears to be due; why, after the lapse of
Mr. Patrick O'Brozill, Sterling Hotel, Pon- was held at noon yesterday i n the House of nearly three months, i t has not been possible
thier, Place de la Liberte, Mornant, France,
to check the returns; i f i t is intended jto
tabled:—" Je vous prie d'accepter mon senti­ Commons.
give any fair play at all to a trade which has
Mr. P. O'Brien presided, and the members provided so much revenue for the Govern­
ment de profound sympathie pour le mort de
votre cher'et brave frere, Major Redmond." present included:—Messrs. Boland, Byrne, ment; if certain regulations in restriction of
Clancy, Condon, Crumley, Devlin, Doris, trade
" W I L L I E S OLD CURATE. '
french, FieL
Father Doherty, D.D.. Arran qu
Messages of deep regret at the death of
Major Redmond continue to be received.
" H . M. Queen Alexandra has telegraphed to
Mr. John Redmond:—" Accept the expression
of my Seep and heartfelt sympathy with you
on the death of your gallant and most distin­
guished brother, who baa laid down his life
in the glorious cause.
U A L E X A N D R A . "Mrs. W. Redmond and Mr. John Redmond
have received further messages of sympathv
from the following^—
3
t
h
e
m
t o
f
u
r
n
U
h
t
h
e
J
-
THE IRISH PARTY
Kilquade. Loved him in life, forget him not
in death. Said Mass Sunday for his noble
soul and asked prayers of a big congregation."
Father Henry, Foxford, telegraphs
"Deepest sympathy on death of Major Red­
mond. Cannot forget his noble lead i n land
war on the De Freyne estate."
Keating, Kelly, Law, Luudon, MacNeill,
MacVeagh, Molloy, Mponey, Muldoon, Mur­
phy,
Nolan, Sir W . Nugent, O'Dowd,
O'Malley, Dr, O'Neill, O'Shee, Reddy, Scan
lan, White, P. J. W h i t t y .
On the motion of M r . Clancy, seconded by
Mr. O'Malley, the following resolution was
unanimously adopted:—
titled to under the regulations m a d o by or
under t h e authority o f t h e I m p e r i a l Govern: ment.
Mr. B A L D W I N — T h e Regulations under
the Intoxicating Liquor Order, 1917, dated
March 29, 1917, provide for the issue of au­
thorities to clear from ships' side or bonded
warehouses during'each of the two periods of
six months ending 30th September, 1917, and
31st Match, 1918, quantities of spirits not ex­
ceeding 25 per cent, of the total quantities de­
livered during the year, 1916, and the quanti­
ties that may be delivered in each period can
be cleared at any time in the period.
The
Board
of
Customs
and
Excise
are
not
aware of
any
case
in
which
a Dublin trader who had made ap­
plication for an authority and whose appli­
cation appeared to furnish correct particulars,
has not yet been furnished with an instalment
authority to clear, but if the hon. member
will furnish them with particulars inquiry
will be made into the matter. I t is a fact
that traders have been informed that autho­
rities for the balances to which they are en­
titled will be issued when the accuracy of the.
returns made in connection with the applica­
tions for authorities has been established, and
the delay in the issue of such authorities has
been due partly to pressure of work and in
some cases to the failure of traders to give
correct particulars i n their returns. Every
effort is, however, being made to issue as
rapidly as possible authorities to applicants
to clear the full quantities to which they may
be entitled.,
T R I B U T E FROM T H E IRISH M E D I C A L
That at this, the first meeting of the Irish
ASSOCIATION.
Party, since the death i n action of our dear
A t the annual meeting of the Irish Medical
Association i n the College of Surgeons, Dub
colleague, Major Wilbam Redmond, we
lin, to-day.
desire to place on record an expression of
Dr Green, Vice-President, moved:
our deep sorrow that one who so eminently
This meeting of the Irish Medical Asso­
fulfilled the character of an Irish patriot and
ciation hereby expresses to M r . John E.
faithful representative of the Irish people,
Redmond, M.P., and family, and Mrs.
William Redmond, our sincerest regret at
and who. by the sacrifice of his life for
the sad occurrence which has deprived Ire­
his country, has set the crown on a life of
land and the Parliamentary Party generally
devotion to Ireland, has passed away, and
and humanity at large, of one of the
that we beg to tender to Mrs. Redmond,
brightest and most self-sacrificing men that
I have ever come across.
to our Leader, M r . John E . Redmond, and
He said that Major Redmond had died fight­
to the other relatives of the deceased patriot
ing for his country and the Empire at an age
our
most sincere sympathy with them in
when other men would be sitting in their arm­
their great misfortune.
chairs.
Dr. Marshall Day seconded.
On the motion of M r . Kelly, seconded by
Dr. Marley Blake (the President) in putting
the resolution, which was passed with the Mr. MacVeagh, the following resolution was
members standing, said no words of his were passed unanimously:—
reeded to bring home that resolution to all of
them. The whole hearts of Ireland and the
That we, the members of the Irish Parlia­
Empire at large had gone out to the Redmond
mentary Party, hereby tender to the widow
family in their sad loss.
The death of this
M U L L I N G A R SEWAGE SYSTEM.
and relatives of A i d . Cotton our sincere
glorious and very gallant gentleman had
Replynig to a member,
sympathy i n their beroavement, and ex­
brought fresh lustre upon the fighting Iri.-h
Mr. MACTHERSON said that no report
name and the Irish race. He had died as he
press our regret at the loss of a most loyal
from the sanitary officer of Mullingar with
was sure Major Redmond would wish to have
and respected colleague.
reference to the danger to the pubhc health
died.
from an open sewer running from the military
barracks through certain private grounds ap­
PORT BOARD'S S Y M P A T H Y .
peared to have reached the military authori­
FRE
Alderman Moran, J.P., Chairman,^presided
iecn no fresh ton- ties.
No action was contemplated, as the
L O N D O N — J u n e 14—Th'
at to-day's meeting of the Port and Docks nnge
quently charterers local officers report that the whole sewage
placed on the mark
u n a i l y , quotations
Board, the other members present being:— cannot execute their ore
system,
which was uot an ocen sewer, but a
Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, John Hollwey r e m a i n u n c h a n g e d .
with the subject of a birth of a
nation.
Dr. Green proposed that copies of the Bill
would be procured, and sent to each county
branch of the Association for their considera­
tion.
Dr. Hennessy said the Bill should be sent
to the Local Committees of the Medical Pro­
fession, for all the doctors were conpenied in
the matter, and the views of all of them
should be taken upon the measure.
The President said he did not see why all
the members of the Medical Profession would
not see a copy of this Bill. The provisions
of the Bill had been submitted t some mem­
bers of the profession already.
Dr Hennessy seconded the motion of Dr.
Green, which, however, was ruled out ©f
order by the President, and the subject
dropped.
.
Tho President said the financial state of
the Association was satisfactory, and on the
motion of Dr. Higgins, seconded by Dr.
Connolly, the report and statement of ac­
counts were adopted.
0
.Replying to question put » y iur. jyilirath
in cross-examination, witness said there was
to be special treatment for Ireland in the mat­
ter of increased wages, and objection was
raised to the inclusion of Ireland in a national
arrangement.
Mr. M'Grath inquired from which quarter
the objection came.
Mr. Bnrne said the objection came from the
Secretary's Department of the Employers'
Federation.
Witness said there were different arrange­
ments for different countries.
Mr. M'Grath*-Is it a fact that in Belfast
the iron founders have got an increase cor­
responding with the English increase?
Witness said that Belfast was different f r o m
Dublin.
He knew they were getting more
than in Dublin, but he did not know how
much.
•*>
DONEGAL W I L L
ride. A- race of a similar character at the
last Curragh Meeting proved a big success.
Entries close on Wednesday next.
W E L L - K N O W N GREYHOUND DEAD.
Mr. M. G. Hale has lost his dog, Happy
Challenge, who run up in the Waterloo Cup I
in 1915, when he was beaten by Sir Thomas
Dewar's Winning Number.
CYCLING.
Fingal Rovers.
The first of the club handicaps for the
season will take place on Saturday, 23rd inst..
when a 25-mile road race will be held over
the usual out-ahd-home course at Ashtown.
Members intending to compete, are requested
to send in their entries to Mr. F. J . Ryder,
hon. secretary, 13 Upper Baggot street,-be­
fore Wednesday, 20th inst.
j
The
Suit
Presidency.
Dr.
Involving
CITY TEACHERS'
£ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0
CLAIMS
Te the COMer oi *h#-£vnmg T*ii0*mph,
I
meeting, said the profession had done him a
very great honour to an obscure country
doctor in electing him as President of the
Association for the second session. It was a
certificate of honour that the members ap­
peared to be satisfied with his action during
the past year. He did not intend to give
a Presidential address on that occasion, but
he would ask them to remember that his
whole heart and soul were ever and always
wrapped up in the Association. He thought
he could claim that he had done a great deal
for it—at all events he had done what he
could. He had worked hard and honestly,
and having come of a fighting breed he would
fight for the Association to the last (ap­
plause).
Dr. G. E. J. Greene, Monte Vista, Ferns,
Co.
Wexford, was also re-elected Vicepresident, and suitably returned thanks.
The Council and Committee having been
elected and routine business disposed of the
meeting terminated.
t
MR. W . J. DOLLAR
Resignation from Port Btoard
A t to-day's meeting of the Port an4 Docks
Board, Alderman Moran, J.P. (Chairman),
presiding, a report was read from tin Law
Agent giving the judgment of the Court of
King's Bench in the case of the K i n g (Scott)
v. Dollar, and noted.
A letter was read from Mr. W. J. Dollar,
formally notifying that he had vacated his
seat on the Board. This was brought about
owing to the " law's delay," and ia any
event, the writer stated, he now no longer
possessed the qualifications he held when
elected in January, 1916.
properly
order.
designed pipe hue, was in perfect
A REBELLION V I C T I M .
Mr? N U G E N T asked the Chief Secretary
whether compensation at the rate of 10s. per
week had been awarded in the case of Chris­
topher Broughal, 133 Foley street, Dublin,
who was injured during the rebelhon in
Dublin last year, and who was Jthe sole sup­
port of his' mother, since deceased, and a
young sister aged eight years; whether he is
aware th.it on the death of Christopher
^roucrhal in April this year, as a result of Ihe
To-day the hearing was resumed of the Pro­
Dear Sir.—As there aoDears to be considei
bate suit of Gallagher against O'Donnell and
another. The plaintiff, James Gallagher, was
oue of the next of kin of the late Charles
to ask you to
M'Devitt, merchant, of Glenties, Co. Done­
copy of our
gal, who died a bachelor on the 15th April, please
memoi
1914, leaving assets representing over
*' We,
£100,000. His will was dated 20th January,
1911, and there* were two codicils dated re­ you t o i
spectively 13th and 14th April, 1914. Pro­
bate of the will and codicils was granted to
the defendants, the Most Rev. Dr. O'Donnell,
high house rents in the city
(1)
Bishop of Raphoe, and Mr. Peter Gallagher,
as compared wit rents i n the c o u n t r y ,
(2) H i g h cost t
Postmaster, Glenties, as executors, and the
articles of food
plaintiff sought to have the probate and codi­
vegetables, etc;.,
cils revoked and declared null and void on the
sometimes even
ground that testator was not of testamentary
(3) Expenses n
customs incident
capacity, and did not know and ap­
(4) Facilities c
prove of them. The defendants
deny
at disposal of coi
the allegations in the statement of claim,
(5) R e c o g n i t a
Police, a n d C h i
contend that the will and codicils were pro­
tion Authorities*
perly executed, and asked the. Qourt to de­
v. ,iv a n d other
cree probate.
The testator bequeathed by
• tlie element of
his will certain sums to relatives, and by the
codicils £10,000 to provide four nurses at Glen­
ties, Rosses and Fintown, £4,000 for Christian
Brothers, £3,000 for a church, £3.000 for a
convent, etc., and the residue to be applied
by the executor for technical, industrial and
benevolent purposes.
Mr. Sergt. Matheson, M r . James MacLoone,
K.C., and M r . T. W. Brown (instructed by
Messrs. George Mclldownie ana Son) for the
plaintiff.
Mr. Sergeant Sullivan, M r . M'Cann, K . C . ;
Mr. Pigot, K . C , and M r . Little (instructed
by MesBis. O'Hagan and Son) for the defen­
dants.
Mr. T. H . Maxwell (instructed by Mr. T.
M . Maxwell) for the Commissioners of Chari­
table Donations and Bequests.
Mr. R. R. Smilie (instructed by Mr. Haw­
thorne) held a watching brief for next-of-kin.
The Most Rev. Dr. O'Donnell was re­
called.
The Lord Chief Justice—I just wanted to
ask one question. Can you recall whether,
before you came to Dublin to see the testator
during Easter week, you received any com­
munication as to his condition? I cannot re­
collect receiving any communication from the
home.
Mr. MacLoone, K . C , then addressed the
jury for the plaintiff", and said the courts
had very seldom to deal with a case of this
kind, involving such a vast sum of money as
£100,000.
The Lcfrd Chief Justice—§k> far as I under­
stand, vonr client gets nothing so far as the
first codicil is concerned.
'
Mr. MacLoone said that was so.
Serjeant Matheson said it depended on the
actual construction of the two codicils.
Counsel on both sides having addressed the
court, the case was adjourned until to-morrow
moruing.
been dependent on him
a n d w h o , after her mother's death, had gone
t o live with, her half-brother, John Kelly, at
14 S t . Joseph's parade; if he w i l l explain wny
compensation had been refused ni the case of
this dependant; and if he will see that provi­
sion is made for this young girl's upkeep by
haviug reasonable compensation awarded
DESERTED HER CHILDREN
Mr. D U K E — A n award of 10s. a week was
approved i n the case of Christopher' Broughal
in respect of injuries sustained by him in the
rebellion, with effect from the 25th April, Dublin Woman Sentenced to One
1916, and the allowance was paid down to the
date of his death. A n application was sub­
Month's Imprisonment
sequently made for a grant oi compensation
I n the Northern Police Court to-day, before
to the sister of the deceased, but I am in­
formed that dependancy was not established. Mr. Macinerney, K . C , a woman named Annie
Fitzgerald, the wife of a soldier at present on
S U B M A R I N I N G OF IRISH FISHING
active service, was charged on remand at the
BOATS.
instance of the N . S . P . C C , w i t h neglecting
Mr. O ' L E A R Y asked the Secretary to the her children—Mary (9). Evelyn (8), Nicholas
Admiralty whether measures had been (5), John (3), and Annie (1£). I t was stated
adopted to give Irish fishing boats adequate that accused left the children and went to
protection against the operations of enemy reside m Manchester, where she was arrested
on warrant by Detective-Sergeant Cummins,
submarines.
Dr. M A C N A M A R A — T h e Irish fishing ves­ of the Dublin Police.
Inspector O'Connor, of the Society, pre­
sels receive all the protection that can be
sented consents from a Sister of the Convent
given to them.
at Golden Bridge, agreeing tQ take the girls,
D U B L I N C H I L D W E L F A R E COM­
and also a consent.from a woman who whs
M I T T E E ' S SUGGESTION
recommended by him to take the boys.
Mr. D U K E informed Mr. Byrne that he
Mr. J. W . Davis, solicitor, who appeared for
had received a copy of a resolution passed the prosecution, explained that no corre­
at a meeting of the Child Welfare Committee, spondence could be had with the War Office
of the Women's National Health Association, as regards the Way i n which the soldiers'
held in D f t i l i n on the 10th May last, to the money could be applied for the benefit of the
effect that section 7 of the Poor Law (Ire­ children until the Court had made its order.
land) Act, 1862, should be amended so as to He had custody of the original " ring paper"
enable necessitous children requning medical issued by the War Office, which would en­
or surgical treatmeut to be sent by the Guar­ able him to see that the needs of the cliildians to an hospital or infirmary without in­ dren should be properly. looked after.
sisting on such Children being previously
The magistrate made an order handing the
made inmates of a workhouse, and that children oyer to the custody of the persons
further legislation vrss requested for the pur­ mentioned in the consents, and senteaced the
pose of enabling the Guardians to provide mother to one month's imprisonment.
out of the rates institutional care for crippled
o? other defective children. I n the event of
W A R V E T E R A N ' S DEATH.—The death has
a revision of the Poor Law the proposal in taken place at Gurteen, Co. Sligo, of Thomas
question would not be overlooked.
Kane, a veteran of the American Civil War.
Broughal,
who
had
T
%
Dpolitan),
i to-dav.
Office Authorities for Sorting and T e l e g r a p h Clerks
in Ireland.
I^S%a
" We, therefore, most earnestly beg to request that
in fixing the future salaries of I r i s h teachers the
principle of increased salaries to meet, e x t r a cast of
living" no recognised, a n d that we be p a i d the full
economic equivalent of the salaries of country
teachers.
" We further very respectfully request that In
deciding as to salaries to be paid to city teachers.
than in the smaller towns a n d country district!. Tours truly,
M. H A N L E Y , Secretary,
C i t y Teachers' Committee.
48 Conuaught street,
13th J u n e , 1917.
THE L A T E A L D E R M A N COTTON, M.P.
A t the meeting of the Port and Docks
Board to-day, the Chairman (AldermanMoran) said that since the Board had last
met, one who had been an old and valued
member of that Board had passed away,
in the person of the late Alderman CottoA
They all regretted his death, and he moved
that a vote of condolence he passed to the
family of the late Alderman.
Mr. M'Cormick seconded the ,vote of copdoleuce, and said he had always found Alder­
man Cotton a faithful and generous -col-
J u n e 14.—51 be
These were n
cows, £24 to £34, with £47 lor excep
es.
it I * . — F a i r l v good shmf of Irish store
opolitan)—Second
paid per 8 lbs. for 90-stoue fat cows—3s 4d
100-stono fat bulls, 8s lOd to 9s; rough do.,
8s 6d. No sheep or lambs were offered for I
PIGS."
D T B U N (North C i c c u t a r R o a d j , J u n e J.4.
market this morning was on the small si
Stores, £ 2 10s to £5 as.
.12s to 30s and 45s each.
Mr. Wallace joined in the vote of con­
dolence, which was passed, all the members
standing.
demand, t
d a y s the U<
LATEST LONDON MONEY.
2.30—Money wanted. Call loans, 4£ to 4^
per cent.; bills, 4 11-16 to 4J per cent. ;Rio,
13 21-32d; Buenos Ayres, 50d; Valparaiso,
12 17-32d; Madrid, "20.17; Petrograd, 208.
The Stock Exchange is extremejy quiet, the
oirly feature being the firmness of Industrials,
though
business
is
restricted.
Frascr
Chalmer, 18s; Lambert, 47s: Thorucroft,
35s 6d; Nobels, 60s; National Explosives,
52s 9d. Gilte-dged securities extremely quiet,
and prices are quotably unchanged. Consols.
54J; War Loin. 94 7-16.
Home Rails are
quotably unchanged, the record of dealings
being very small. Great Western shows the
most activity, marking 88£. Foreign- Rails
featureless, but an inquiry prevails for Antofagasta Preferred Ordinary at 86. Argentine
issues steady. Absence of support has caused
an unsettled tone in the Rubber market,
several descriptions being .easier. The feature
in Oils is the firmness of Shells.
LONDON,
HAY
J u n e 14.-
ula, 130s to
>er load, de
Rice—Good demand, late r..tc
fhm.
Nitrate good demand.
T u r p e n t i n e nrn?, 55s. Logwocterect C&stor, 8d. Palm kerne
SUGAR.
C L Y D E (Crushed), J u n e 14.Changed.
Births, M a r r i a g e s and Deaths
shea
Announcements
of Births,
Marriages, the
tolei
and Deaths are charged at the rate o{
One Pennxj per word. Minimum
charge
2/6.
All announcements
must
be
authenticated.
DEATHS.
C L A R E (Dubl
PimJico, .
deeply reg
F u n e r a l fi
at 10.30
papers, pi
C
G
i sto bo allocs
A u g u s t 31, but
ddress to-morrow (Friday)
in Cemetery.
American
E L L A R Man w a n t e d ; to bo able to wash and
bottle; good references. J . P. C u l l e n , Vernon
avenue, C l o n t a r l ; telephone, Clontarf 1 L
p47i
R A T E F U L T h a u k s to Sacred Heart. B . V . M . , and
L i t t l e F l o w e r for favours r e c e i v e d ; publication
promised.—M.M.
J?472
ton;
| jj
w
e
0 I l S
]
j
.
p t o
j
are agai
for nie<
I tactoqr.
I 1 ( ? S i !
g
and s t r a w , 45s
THEJgAg£R
If
you
wish
informed
to
secure
T H E PAPER CRISIS
c r i s i s
a copy
of the
If
best
p a p e r in Ireland regularly, with­
out disappointment,
become
a
you
wish
informed
gularly,
subscriber
to
secure a copy
morning
without
a
paper
of
in
the
Ireland
disappointment,
subscriber
best
re­
become
to
to
T H E FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
DUBLIN:
Belfast was increasing by-leaps and bounds,
and i n 1757 the town possessed n o less than
339 linen looms. The only drawback
was that
i t gradually came to
be
more
and
more
confined ,to
Ulster,
and i t is probable t h a t ' the
immu­
A Further Reply from
nities conferred o n Protestant Weavers by O u r T e l e p h o n e N o . 3 0 0 1 ( 3 l i n e s )
the lri«h Parliament had some thing to say
Mr. O'Kane
to this." ("History of Commercial and Fin­
To the Editor of the Evening Telegrapn.
ancial Relations between England and Ire­
land," p. 123 and 134.)
Newenham, M r .
Sir—I agree that Ballycastle had nothing Moles' friend, after stating that about
to do w i t h the controversy. W h y , then, did £24,000 was annually spent o n subsidies,
M r . Moles introduce i t i n his first letter! says i t is a pity farmers couldn't get a share,
He says the penal laws are outside the sub­ and, i n irony, adds—"But they are for the
ject, and yet staring h i m i n the face are the most part Papists forsooth; and the owners
S T O P
P R E S S .
Acts of Parliament inviting " foreign Pro­ are mostly Protestants. When shall we see
testants " over, and giving, " i n the Pro­ an end of this political fatuity, t o speak of i t
testant interest i n Ireland, the utmost en­ i n t h e mildest terms.
T H E R E L E A S E O F T H E
The linen manufac­
couragement to the liiien industry," and ture, valuable as i t is, has certainly been,
" immunities given to Protestant weavers bolstered up long enough" ( p p . 116-117).
PRISONERS.
""v"
and Protestant flax-dressers " which, accord­ Lecky gives the following illuminating inci­
ing to the very author quoted by M r . Moles dent:—"Although the encouragement of the
(Newenham), contributed " t o confine the linen manufacture was the great compensa­
linen manufacture i n a great .degree to tion which England had offered for the ruin
We are in a position to announce that
Ulster." The very words which I used, of Irish wool, no sooner was there a prospect
he
Government have decided to release
stating that the trade restrictions and penal of that manufacture being extended to-the
code acted and reacted on each other, and wretched population of Leinster than a fierce II the Sinn Fein prisoners.
were, i n fact, intertwined, were not mine, opposition sprang up" ("History of Eng­
They were the words of Lecky and Froude. land," H . , p. 215). Miss Murray epitomises
Quotation marks were purposely omitted just the situation—"It is only when we take Eng
to test M r . Moles's criticism. These eminent lish commercial and financial policy in con
historians were, therefore, in the classic lan- junction with the policy of persecuting the
Irish Catholics that we can get a clear idea
^ ^ r ^ ^ ^ ^ B l e s at work, during the Eigh­
lose en esuu years of a start teenth Century, preventing the development
in commercial life, and M r . Moles sees ncJ of HII Irish Nation and leaving the Irish
undue advantage in this. H e doesn't want' people i n such depths of misery and barbar
to. I t is pure balderdash to argue that no' i s m " (pp. 9394). Finally, a table of the
Catholic ever sought to be • L o r d Mayor. flax sown i n 1809 gives 62,441 acres for
Would he have got i t i f he did? Is a Ulster and only 14,303 acres for the other
Catholic to go begging for the position ? jthree provinces ( " Wakefield's Account of
Rather is i t not the duty of a majority, if Ireland,"- I . , p. 683).
i t wants to be generous, to offer £he honour
Dublin was the export M a r t for all Ireland.
to one of the minority? I t only adds insult Mr. Moles m u s t remember that Belfast is a
to injury to say that Protestants were con­ city of recent growth. The Statistical Sur­
cerned about a Catholic Councillor's pocket. vey o f A n t r i m says:—" Most of the linen
I again ask when was a Catholic ever asked, that is finished is sent there, and b u y e r B r e ­
publicly or privately, to accept the post? I sort to Dublin from a l l parts of Great Bri­
venture to repeat that he never w i l l be asked. t a i n " (p. 384).
Dublin was the export
I n my last I specifically stated that I deferred Mart, therefore, the linen industry flourished
dealing w i t h Cavan and Armagh for want of in the South and Midlands.
Is this Air.
space, and I am now charged with running Moles' logic?
I f i t is, i t , i s unique of its
away. Perhaps this is the method of an old kind.
The "application of power i n 1830
campaigner. I t was my intention to say that raised t h e linen t o the position of the staple
I was not accurate in claiming for Cavan that industry of the N o r t h , " says my friend.
the highly-paid offices were chiefly held by Now assume tho industry made great strides
Protestants. I find, however, nine Protestant titer the introduction of " power."
Would
officials out of thirty-three i n good positions. this disprove the benefits conferred before
The chief position—county surveyor—held by this on a young industry b y bounties and
a Cathalic, was filled by open competition. fosterage which lasted over 120 years?
It
When the County Council took over control would certainly prove tho immense impetus
in 1899 i t was found that i n a county over which machinery gives an industry, but i t
80 per cent. Catholic not a single member doed not disprove the benefits which subsi­
of the popular faith had been employed i n dies and fostering give t o a comparatively
any capacity. I n spite of this example, a new industry, established as a substitute for
few years ago, Cavan Urban Council, consist­ a flourishing trade elsewhere that was
i n g of fourteen Catholics to four Protestants, to be killed off.
Belfast waa the seat
elected a Protestant town surveyor, there of t h e cotton trade.
Granted, and yet
being a strong Catholic candidate against Wakefield
found
1,300
looms
at
him. who only got six votes. I n Armagh Collon, Co. Louth, and 500 persons employed
the • acquisition of the tolls was' resisted by ra,Co. Wicklow. This does not disprove Bel­
tho Ascendancy at every step, and it put fast was the centre, and so w i t h the linen
£2,000 of costs on tho town, and because the trade Ulster was the Linen Province, although
Council appointed their own solicitor, i n place the industry was not unknown elsewhere in
of one who had fought against them on all Ireland. By ono test alone, triumphantly
occasions, i t is made a fault. On the eve of cries Mr. Moles my theory re the Subsidy
acquiring the tolls the secretary died, and System x a n be shattered. " I t ceased in
the Council requested the committee, who 1827," but the York street Spinning Com­
were almost out of office, not to fill the p a n y , the pioneer of the power manufacturing
position. This was refused, and an old man concerns, wae not b u i l t . t i l l 1830. -' One
was appointed. He was not retained; neither would think three years made little difference.
was the superintendent, a farmer, living three Apparently, however, i f the subsidy had con­
miles out. The other officials, w i t h one ex­ tinued t i l l 1830 my friend's case would, on
ception—a recently-appointed ex-policeman— his own showing, collapse. Well, the boun­
were retained.
I t was, however, County ties did continue till 1830. Several eminent
A r m a g h I had referred to, and M r . .Moles authorities I admit are of opinion that 1827
replied that we were represented " " i n the was' the date of. cessation, and I quoted the
coroners, rate collectors, and assistant sur­ date , usually given. I candidly admit I
veyors." This sounds fine, but let us analyse wanted to test M r . Moles knowledge—he
i t . There is one coroner out of three, one knows a l l about the subject, and I know no­
assistant surveyor oat of six,.and one rate thing. I find the following bounties paid on
collector out of twelve, and w i t h the poorest Irish linen—In 1827, £12,U4; i n 1828, £9,494
• h"strict.
Out of fifty officials live are
I . and i ; . 1829, £6 886 1?. l t d . WHSnT
-Catholics i n a county numbering 68,740 Ioch'sBritish Empire I . , p. 711). To prevent
Protestants
and 56,662
Catholic.-,
and all cavil I give a recognised statistician and
M r . Moles is so content with the position unimpeachable authority, Mulhall (Dictionary
that he couldn't wait t i l l I got space to reply. of Statistics,-p. 494), who states that boun­
L e t him visit Tyrone and he will think he ties were not abolished till 1830. He adds
is in heaven, for there he will find 22 rate- that between 1690 and 1830 "Great Britain
collectors, and not one a Catholic, and the paid Belfast and Dundee 2 8 millions sterling
Secretary of the County Council and his six to sell and export Irish and Scotch linen at
clerks all Protestants. D r . O'Doherty, assis­ less than cost." After the foregoing I ' m
tant medical officer, to the Asylum, w i t h 13 afraid M r . Moles may give up any more
years' service, wouldn't get the principal post. theorising and "frankly admit he has made a
They took a Protestant doctor from Belfast. mistake," and a pretty gross one at that.
I said M r . Gregg was not known to be a H i s crucible of t r u t h must »have a false
PILLAR
Catholic to many who voted for h i m . M r . bottom.
Moles leaves out the last si$ words, and pro­
P
I
C
T
U
RE
HOUSE
He says he has tabled
"unchallengeable
ceeds to criticise my statement as doctored
by him, and insinuates that it means that proofs," and asks where have I "countered
TO-DAY,
Mr. Gregg was not a virile Catholic. The any of the authorities quoted." I regret t o
dead might be immune from M r . Tom Moles's have to term this i n plain language an un­
hunt for literary scalps. I repeat my asser­ truth.
He quoted only one authority—
IN O N E A . M .
tion, and I know the facts better than M r . Newenham—the rest were a l l statement* of
Moles. He doesn't deny the effort" mado at his own. Your readers can refer to his first
A n d F u l l C h a n g e of P r o g r a m m e .
next meeting t o make the appointment a letter and test this for themselves. I gave
2—10.30 p.m. CONTINUOUS.
full references for everything I stated, and I
COME EARlIv.
THE
REAL
ULSTER
THE VERY LATEST
. -
JUNE
DUBLIN STOCK EXCHANGE
MINES
Last Price.
S U B S T A N T I A L RISE I N BURKES.
Thursday Evening.
There was a falling off in business on the
•Dublin Stock Exchange this afternoon, b u t
markets remained fairly firm in tone. I n the
Funds, there was less doing and no change
of note. Banks were a neglected market;
but in Brewery and Distillery issues dealings
were active, and Dublin Distillers Ordinary
rose to 18s. 6d. Telegraph shares wore little
dealt i n , while as regards Railway Stocks
there was nothing done. Dublin Trams were
in demand, and rose
Tyre shares were a
quiet market, but Parent Deferred hardened.
In the Miscellaneius market, Burke Ordinary
and Preference rose to 62s. 6d. and 70s,,
respectively.
Government Funds.—The 41 per Cent. " B "
War Stock was unaltered, at 98 13-16, as was
the 5 per Cent. Stock, at'94J.
The 4 per
Cent. Stock (tax compounded) rose £, to
101?. India 3£ per Cent, issue declined ^,to
66J-.
Banks.—Business i n this market was re|«tricted to Provincials (New), which repeated
osed on sale
Belfast (Old and
ares remalhed buyers, a t 9 5-16 a n d
11-16, respectively.
Brakpan
Ueduld
Russo
Springs Mines
51-16
42/3
42/6
14
31-16
Asiatic
m
?
RUBBER MARKET
L a s t Price.
Anglo J a v a 2/- s h
B r i t . B u b . E . J a v a , 2/- s h .
Bukit Rajah
B u k i t Sembawang 2/- s h .
East Java
Highlands and Lowlands.
Johore R u b . L a n d s
Kapar Para
K c p o n g 2/- s h
Ledbury
L i n g g i Plantation 21- s h .
Malacca O r d . .-.
Rotterdam Delhi 2/- s h . . . .
R u b . E s . K r i a n 2/- s h
Rubber Trust
U n i t e d S u a Betong
7/6
3/0
104
3/6
2J
"58/0
39/0
7i
17/0
To-day's Price.
7/lixd
2/104xd
10 7-16
3/lixd
si
57/6
37/6x*
7xd
17/3
3;
31
28/3
28/0
5i
54
4/0
5/10*
4/0
27/9
3/9xd
3 7-16
27/6
3gxd
A l l the above shares are £1 fully paid, unless
otherwise stated.
You need a War-diet correctiv
I t s u p p l i e s t h e s y s t e m w i t h the c l e a n s i n g
elements contained i n the l&s- plentiful?
AcZi
Vegetables.
F r u i t s a n d C e r e a l s , w h o s e N a t u r a l S a t t s * arte
it effectively substitutes,. •
Andrews' w i l l keep you fit in War-time, loir'
The restricted diet imposed on the general
occasional use will disperse tbjse system*
Public by War-time conditions—involving Bread
clogging accumulations which m«n meat, Je*d
economy, lessened Fruit imports, scarcity of
bread and Uss vegetables are apt tdproduce.
Vegetables and a liberal Meat proportion—
In a n easy and natural w a y , Audreys' cleansed
requires the aid of some easy corrective for
internally, keeping the Liver active, S t o m a c o f
the maintenance of good Health,
normal.
Bowels regular, and Kidneys e f f e c t
Andrews* meets the need quite well. For
five. It benefits equally Father, Mother, andl
years, seafaring men have relied upon it to
the Children, and is best used n the e a r l y
supply the deficiency resulting from the Fruitmorning. Keep a tin handy on the she\f in th«C
and-Vegetable restricted Shipboard Diet, To
Bathroom, Order a tin this week,
^
them, Andrews' is a necessity.
Here it is—Andrews*!
and
health-maintaining
R A T H D 0 W N DOCTOR
N.B.
B E E R RESTRICTIONS.
•
PUBLIC MEETING OF PROTEST,;
CITY HALL, KILKENNY,
Sunday,
MwERIES
AND
DISTILLERIES.
D u b l i n Distillers O r d . .......
17/0
Dublin Dis. 6 p.c. C . F r e t
Guinness ( A . ) O w l i n a r y . . .
Jameson ( J . ) 4 p.c. D e b . . .
78/6
t244
—
17/6-18/018/6 —
79/0-78/3 —
24
—
6 5-16
—
TELEGRAPHS AND TELEPHONES.
Marconi Wireless O r d i n a r y
61,6
164,6
( T . ) Stock...
86
< 854 (13/6/1T)—
RAILWAY PREFERENCE STOCKS.
(With Dividend! contingent oo the Profit ot e a c h
separate y e a r . )
68-
Belfast * Co. D o w n 4 p.c.
RAllWAY BARONIAL GUARANTEED SHARES.
Chaplin
I n P e r p e t u i t y u n d e r A c t , 1883.
yf ,st
r
6i
CUTO 4 p.c.
TRAMWAYS.
p b . U. Tram. Ord
u
\"i
m
-
1917,
O F KILKENNY.
|
T h i s Meeting will be constituted of M . P . s of the C i t y and Count*
of Kilkenny, and other Parliamentary Representatives; C h a i r m e i
and Delegations from the several P u b l i c Boards of Kilkenny,
Farmers' Association of K i l k e n n y , and Barley G r o w e r s of thi
District. Chairman and Secretary of L i c e n s e d Vintners' P r o f
tection Association, Dublin, will address the Meeting, in addition t f
other prominent speakers. A common platform and all a*e welcome.
EDWARD O'CONNELL,
Town Clerk, Hon. Secretary to'Executive.
BRIEF PREPAID NOTICES.
Price {or Prepaid
Advertisements
[Smalls) :-rllp
to 18 words,
6d.
One Halfpenny
per word
after­
wards.
Minimum
—
_ _
C
I
Q
L
P
MEDICAL.
A
P E R F E C T Cure— "Weltreene" ram
Solt C o r n s , o r W a r t s ; r a p i d a n d p a i
a n d best; I s . ; post free. 1?. l ; . l .
20 U p p e r Baggot street, D u b l i n .
J g L A t S D ' S Bloodoius for Blood si
_
work.
Counsel also referred to a lette]
ORRECTION—Carmel—Theresa
Stall—Result of
of the Local Government Board stating thej
Raffle, Statue, 16a, Y e l l o w ticket.
were now prepared to sanction the appoint N C O M E T a n R e c o v e r e d ; no failures.
Returns
filled; accounts prepared.
J . T . Wallace, Kxmerit, the grounds of their previous dis
» r t , 74 D a m e street, Dublin^
F14
approval being removed.
I t was furtbej
stated that the Guardians knew of this urt
SITUATIONS V A C A N T .
fitness.
Mr. S. L . Brown, K . C , with whom wa!
for I n d u s t r i a l a o d
Mr. W. G. Shannon (instructed by M r . W . J N SoUrRd Ai nNa Cr yE aCsas nu vr aa snwc er ; wanted
ealary £ 2 10s. per week
Shannon), appeared for the Guardians, ant sad c o m m i s s i o n ; apply stating age, enperienoe. etc.
F15
said that, except through their clerk, the; Address, 324, F r e e m a n Office.
E N E R A L S e r v a n t w a n t e d , accustomed to chil­
had no knowledge of-these certificates. Thi
d r e n ; R . C . ; wages £10 to £12.
A p p l y , 10 H o m e
first they heard of them was in a lettei farm R o a d , , D r u m c o n d r a .
Fib
written by Dr. Boland on 24th May, 1916
A U N D R Y Marker a n d F a e k e r , head Calender
b a n d , I r o n e r s , w a n t e d ; also experienced woman
in which the doctor asked the clerk what
washhouse; seaside r e s o r t ; p e r m a n e n t situations
steps he should take. Counsel suggested thai fcr
snd good wages to suitable w o r k e r s ; fares paid.
each party should, under the circumstances Bare L a u n d r y , B a r e , Morecambe, L a n w r i i r e ,
fnglaud.
F.15
abide their own costs.
H O T O E n g r a v i n g — W a n t e d first-class tone and line
M r . Powell said the Guardians knew of this
etcher, also metal p r i n t e r , for Glasgow News­
on the 25th May, and they allowed the Local paper.
E n c o u r a g e m e n t to capable worker?.
Mu^-t
Government Board to go on incurring useless | e over m i l i t a r y age. State salary and experience.
I E n g r a v i n g , " c / o S c r i m g e o u r , 13 St. V i n c e n t P l a c e ,
expense.
filasgow.
lib
Mr. Justice Gibson said the Court wonld
tWarhuro* the. nrrlei>. and would ffiv« no costs,
I
RAILWAY ORDINARY STOCKS.
june,
A T 3 P.M. (New Time).
3
1
Ot. Sorfbern
i7th
Chairman-HIS W O R S H I P T H E M A Y O R
Tarkes Preference advanced 6d., to
l 1 ]
N.Bi
DUBLIN D E P O T — G t . Ship S t , or B E L F A S T D E P O T — 2 8 , Waring S t A s t L H . ^
a
M r . Justice Gibson—The question could no
have been raised i f that fact had been befor
you.
Exchequer 6 per Cent. (1920)
Regd.,
M r . Powell—Of course. When that infoi
Bonds were dealt i n at 101^, and the 5.per mation was laid before the Local Governmen
Cent. (1921), Transferable b y Deefl, a t 99£
Board, we said we would not disapprove c
the appointment.
GOVERNMENT FUNDS.
Mr. Justice Gibson—There is no doubt t h
Nominal mandamus was not necessary, because yoi
Quota.
P r e r . B u s . Done
will give your approval on the new facts
1 o'c.
Price. lor Cash.
B . A . The only question then is as to costs.
M r . Powell—It was never suggested to th
W a r Loan. « B " 6tock...„.
9813-16 98 13-16
Local Government Board that this gentlemai
5 p.e. Wat Loan. fu»y P
<Jwas unfit for military service.
101i
4 p.o. W a r L o a n , » y I * 664
Mr. Justice .Gibson—How does that no^
I n d i a 34 p . c Stock
6oJ
appear!
1, ?:
BANKS.
M r . Powell said i t appeared in the corres
9 5-16— pondence.
He had sent in certificates fron
9 5-16
Belfstfc B *
3 11-16— Surgeon McArdlo and Surgeon Haydeu U
3 23-32
T h e p r o p o r t i o n of S u g a r hitherto u t e d (for the t a k e of p a l a t a b l e n e M o n l y )
h a t b e a n lessened in conformity with N a t i o n a l r e q u i r e m e n t s . A n d r e w * ' U ,
nevertheless, still pleasantly palatable, a n d its MEDICINAL PROPERTIES ARE
GUARANTEED T O B E UNALTERED.
Sold by Grocers. Chemists. Stores, e t c
Shtmli fou cxperur.ee any difficulty, please sent 7d. in stamts 10 DeH. (A 46 ) tithtr Depot, «f<stWHng you*.
Chemist's or Grocer's mm* and address, and your o a n . A tiitwiU be sent post free and
yourpcsMprefundtd?
r d i n
to 70s.
16s.
ORDINARY
SIZE
7dJ
F A M I L Y
* When Fruit is scarce, Andrews
will duplicate its natural correc­
tive influences."
To-day's Trice.
GUARDIANS PROCEEDING
Breweries, Etc.—Dublin Distillers Ordinary
AGAINST T H E L.G.B.
•ere actively bought, aud closed Is. 6d.
er, at 18s. 6 d . ; the Preference closed 3d.
I n the King's Bench Division to-day, before
estier, at 78s. 3d., after being dealt i n at
'9s. Guinness Ordinary were a limited mar- M r . Justice Gibson, M r . Justice Madden,
kit, and fell
to 24. John Jameson Deben­ and M r . Justice Kenny, the case of the King
(Guardians of the Poor of Rathdown Union)
tures rose 1-16, t o 6 5-16.
the Local Government Board was listed for
Telegraphs.—There was a small transac­ hearing. I t was a motion to make absolute
tion i n Marconi Ordinary, at 64s. 6d., and this a conditional order of 15th May for a man­
damus to compel the Local Government Board
was all the business in this market.
to give their approval to the appointment of
Railways.—All Ordinary, Preference and Dr. Boland as a Medical Officer of the RathDebenture issues were idle.
I n Baronials down Union.
West Clares were undftmged at ,6^.
M r . Powell, K . C , w i t h whom were Mr.
Tramways.—Dublin Ordinary shares ad-< Wylie, K . C , and M r . A . E. Wood (instructed
vanced \ , to 7 | , for » small lot. None of the by Messrs. T. T. Mecredy and Son), said he
was showing cause, but since the conditional
others quoted.
order was made certain facts had been
Tyres.—Business was limited to Parent brought to light which he had to mention to
Deferred and Rubber " A " Preference; the the Court. The whole basis of the decision of
former recovered 6d., at 35s., and the latter the Local Government Board that they would
were dealt i n at 20s. Parent Ordinary were not approve of Dr. Boland's appointment as
marked buyers at 26s.
medical officer was because i n their view such
Miscellaneous.—A fairly good business was an appointment should not be given to a medi
done in this market. Textiles were active. cal gentleman of military age fit for military
Cottons were busy, and touched 53s., but service. The question that would have had
closed at 52s. 9d.
Fino Spinner Ordinary to be tried before the Court was whether the |
Were 6d. better, at 30s. 3d., and the Prefer Local Government Board were justified in
ence hardened l ^ d . , to 18s. lO^d. Coats Ordi in that, or whether they have power under
statute t o refuse
their
sanction
nary and Preferred were firm and unchanged, the
at 6 i and 36$, respectively. Calico O
» 7 The conditional order was obtained on 15ih
were quieter, and eased off 3d., to 14s. 3d. May by the Guardians, and since then the
Bradford Dyers Ordinary repeated 27s. V d . Local Government Board had shown cause.
Arnotts were 1-16 down, at 7, for a small l o t ; On 7th June M r . Shannon, 'the solicitor foi
but Tt»od, Burns Preference maintained 90s the Guardians, made a communication to th<
Lever " C " Preference were nominally 20s Local Government Board t h a t in fact t h i
104d to 21s. l ^ d . Burke Ordinary rose l i s doctor had medical certificates that he wa
not fit for military service.
3d., to 62s. 6d., and the Preference 7s 6d
;
Charlie
T H E FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
1917.
LX> F i s b i n g S u n d r i e s
«s, F l i e s ,
Portmau.
eto
A l l T r a v e l l i n g Goods,
t - i u s Trunk!", l i n g - Waterproof Coats.-Wcle C a p e s ,
Footballs, . T e r j c } ; . Boots.
W . A . M6*«» ' A s t o n ' s
quay, Dublio.
P14
1I1MY Blin h-ix, strongly reconstwosw; 3», 4 b d ,
r , 7d e x t r a postal*- Nugent, 80
Talbot sireet. D u b l i u .
Jg.
.
F15
S S O P T M E N T — T t u n k s , Bags. Pofte»nt aus, At*
tache C a e s . Hat, Boxes, R u g snd_Truiik s t r a p , ,
Old B a g s , etc.. allowed for i n exewnga.
Fr»d
Moore, 4 Bedford r o w , D u b l i n .
Fl»
R E D I T ; High-Class Tailor-MsdsiOBS*onies; n e w e i l
materials a n d latest d e s i g n s ; « « f * w L m o n t U j
pavments.
T h e Reliable Tailors. » t e m p l e B a n ,
•I'bone—204L
„
.„„..
H27
E L P H — H a w k e r s , Markets, Shops, »<nk C r a t ^ a ,
38s. 6 d . ; B e g i n n e r ' s Crate, S* * • ' *•
Lista
free.
Normacot A r t Pottery. Feoton, i*afls.
T t E A T U E R Beds ot a l l classes of » v ? ' f » w a n t e d ;
would send to make oflats « tn c i t y o e
s u b u r b s ; if i n country seodjostal s a m p l e s ;
w e pav c a r r i a g e : Mattresses supplied in
exchange if r e q u i r e d l r » * [ P . o r i g i n a l
advertiser.
Telephone ool- n s o F e a t b a e
C o . , L t d . . T a t a s t r e e t DuW"
t«
J ^ E A T H E R Beds, H a i r Mattressafcj»a°ted; h i g h e s t
\
A
V
C
D
I
S
e
f
o r
H
e
n
l
5
2
9
being a strong Catholic candidate against
h i m . who only got six vt>tes. I n Armagh £ ^ ' w \ f °
'^
P °
employed
the acquisition of the tollsI'ww resisted by ntCkt W,cklow. T h does not disprove Bel
tho Ascendancy at every step, and i t put r S « i n V °
" * » . « d so w i t h the linen
£2,000 of costs on the town, and because the trade Ulster was the Linen Province, although
Council appointed their own solicitor, i n place
" • k n o w n elsewhere in
of one who had fought against them on all
ti
£ ,
> triumphantly
occasions, i t is made a fault. On the eve of cries M r . Moles my theory re the Subsidy
acquiring the tolls the secretary died, and ? 2 o ^ . S ?
Mattered. " I t ceased i n
the Council requested the committee, who 1BZ7,
but the York street Spinning Com­
were almost o u t of office, not to fill the pany, the pioneer of the power manufacturing
position. This was refused, and an old man concerns, was not built t i l l 1830." Ojie
was appointed. He was not retained; neither would think three years made little difference.
was the superintendent, a farmer, living three Apparently, however, i f the subsidy had con­
miles out. The other officials, w i t h one ex­ tinued t i l l 1830 my friend's case would, on
ception—a recently-appointed ex-policeman— his own showing, collapse. Well, the boun­
were retained.
I t was, however, Count; ties did oontinua t i l l 1830. Several eminent
Armagh I had referred t o , and Mr. .Moles authorities I admit are of opinion that 1827
replied that wo were represented ' ^ i n the was the date of cessation, and I quoted the
coroners, rate collectors, and assistant sur­ date , usually given. I candidly admit I
veyors." This sounds fine, but let us analyse wanted to test M r . Moles knowledge—he
i t . ^ There is one coroner out of three, one knows all about the subject, and I know no­
assistant surveyor out of six,. and one rate thing, I find the following bounties paid on
collector out of twelve, and w i t h the. poorest Irish linen—In 1827, £12,114; in 1828, £9,494
district.
Out of fifty officials live are 7s. 54i"and in 1S29, tfc6,886 1«. l i d . ( M r C u l -Catholics i n a county numbering 68,740 loch's British Empire I . , p. 711). To prevent
Protestants
and 56,652
Catholics,
and all cavil I give a recognised statistician and
M r . Moles is so content w i t h the position unimpeachable authority, Mulhall (Dictionary
that he couldn't wait t i l l I got space to reply. of Statistics,-p. 494), who states that boun­
Let him visit Tyrone and he w i l l think he ties were not abolished t i l l 1830. He adds
is in heaven, for there he w i l l find 221 rate that between 1690 and 1830 "Great Britain
collectors, and not one a Catholic, and the paid Belfast and Dundee 28 millions sterling
Secretary of the County Council and his six to sell and export Irish and Scotch linen at
clerks all Protestants. Dr. O'Doherty, assis­ less than cost." After the foregoing I ' m
tant medical officer, t o the Asylum, w i t h 13 afraid Mr. Moles may give up any more
years' service, wouldn't get the principal post. theorising and "frankly admit he has made a
They took a Protestant doctor from Belfast. mistake," and a pretty gross one at that.
I said M r . Gregg was not known to be a His crucible of t r u t h must "have a false
Catholic to many who voted for him. M r . bottom.
Moles leaves out the last siJc words, and pro­
He says he has tabled "unchallengeable
ceeds t o criticise my statement as doctored
proofs," and asks where have I "countered
by h i m , and insinuates that i t means that
any of the authorities quoted." I regret to
M r . Gregg was not a virile Catholic. The
have to term this i n plain language an un­
dead might be immune from M r . Tom Moles's
truth.
He quoted only one authority—
Imnt for literary scalps. I repeat my asser­
Newenham—the rest were all statements ot
tion, and I know the facts better than M r
his own. Your readers can refer to his first
Moles. He doesn't deny the effort" made. at
letter and test this for themselves. I gave
next meeting to make the appointment a
full references for everything I stated, and I
temporary one. Neither does he deny that
dared Mr. Moles to test their genuineness.
Mr. Charles M'Auley disappeared w i t h the
He cannot and dare not. Instead he plays the
local circumstances that caused his co-option.
old trick of the defeated advocate, he calls
In Ballycastle case, when one Presbyterian
names at what he can't refute. M y refer­
resigned or died another was co-opted. His
ences are "slabs" which I have "sawed."
assertion as to a pledge to attend the Na
His mere statements are "unchallengeable
tional Convention, and that there was no
proofs." I t is all very amusing to me and
• Dther candidate for the Workhouse Medica
very satisfactory too. By the way, this
DfBcership are dropped without apology or
modern Mencius omitted to. notice the serious
withdrawal. He also thought that the rate
error he made and which I pointed out to him
collectors appointed in place of two Catholics
wherein he was not only wrong i n his dates
-one dead, another resigned—were Catholics
and figures from Newenham, but actually
They turned cut to be Protestants, and M r .
quoted words which the author never used.
Mojes drops them like hot chestnuts. - I t is
Perhaps i t was • a figment from the Arabian
evident M r . Moles thought that the District
Nights o r a fable from. "Ossian"—a la M r .
Council appointed such officers. I ' m afraid
Tom M o k s A n d this is the gentleman that
i t is ho that should make a frank admission
talks to me of admitting an error like a man,
of mistakes and also a remarkable want of
and making the "amende honorable." Evi­
knowledge of Local Government routine. H e
dently, conscience was whispering
little
does one prudent t h i n g : he declines my chal­
things to »ny friend. She is a troublesome
lenge re the Penal Laws.
jade, Conscience!
On the personal point, I have not the
The Linen'and Woollen Trades.
slightest feeling of irritation w i t h M r . Moles.
He can't be allowed to escape the point at I have known him from boyhood and old
issue. M y position, clearly stated i n my first memories revive whenever I see him. A l l
arfciel" was that Ulster owes its "prosperity tho same I assure him that I did not require
to a favoured, fostered, and. subsidised in to ascertain my facts before writing. He and
dustry, substituted for one which was killed I may, perhaps, have a controversial bout
and which had flourished all over Ireland some future day, and i f ho then desires to
but chiefly i n the Midlands and South
test my.facts or quotations I shall bo happy
also mentioned the Ulster Custom and the to oblige. I n no spirit of vanity I repeat that
advantageous renewable leaseholds of the I always quote firsthand, and M r . Moles
Donegal! estate. I t was denied that the linen should never 'charge an opponent w i t h want
trade had its root in Protestant Ulster or of knowledge at the beginning of a contro~t might have awkward developments
Yours, etc.,
J . P.
floundere'
Belfast, 13th June, 1917.
were quoted or references given. I n reply, I
quoted, w i t h full references, " Strafford, the
Protestant historians Burdey and Gordon,
Lecky and Froude, to prove that the subsidy INCORPORATED LAW SOCIETY
was, i n the words of Lecky, of " real use."
The. very Acts of Parliament were quoted,
which i n speclfio terms set out that the linen
industry was to be encouraged in the " Pro­
The Results of Examinations
testant interests,"
and all Protestants,
weavers, etc., were to be favourably treated.
Announced
The seyeral authors were unanimous i n de­
A t tbe P r e l i m i n a r y E x a m i n a t i o n for candidates
claring the linen trade was practically con­
p p l y i n g to be bound as apprentices to s o l i c i t * * ,
fined to the province of Ulster. Admittedly, aheld
upon the 17th and 18th days of May, the follow­
it had been i n other parts of Ireland, and if ing passed the E x a m i n a t i o n and their names arc
the industries of Ireland had been left alone, a r r a n g e d i n order of merit:—1, F r a n k T h o r n t o n :
P a t r i c k J . C a l l e r y , 3, J o h n J . C o n n o l l y ; 4, Patrick
In all probability i t would have continued so. 2,
L i s t o n a n d Robert N. M'Mahon ( e q u a l ) .
Once, however, i t was substituted for the J o h n C u s a c k , Michael J . Spears, and A l e x . Suther­
woollen trade and fostered and favoured i n land passed the modified P r e l i m i n a r y E x a m i n a t i o n ,
had liberty to present themselves.
the Protestant interest, the very act of sub­ forT hwe h ircehm athey
i n i n g candidates are postponed.
stitution established i t i n Ulster and kept it
Preliminary
Examination
Prizes,
1916-17.—The
there. The woollen trade was killed, and the C o u n c i l have awarded a Special Certificate to Samuel
Love.
linen trade at once began to prosper. After
A t the F i n a l E x a m i n a t i o n for apprentices seeking
some time, England got jealous of i t ; but • o m
i s s i o n as solicitors, held upon the 21st, 22nd, a n d
ere irreparable damage had been done Grat- 23rd d a y s of M a y , the following passed the examina­
tan's Volunteers and Free Trade saved i t tion, a n d t h e i r names are arranged i n order of
Daniel J . B r o w n e ; 2, Aloysius J . R e d d y ,
and gave i t fair play, but, alas! the merit:—1.
B . A . , N . U . I . ; 3, F r a n c i s J . M a c C a b e ; 4, J o h n K . S.
woollen industry was gone.
Ulster bad its B e d d i n ; 5, F r e d e r i c k M. D u f l y ; 6, B a v m o n d C .
fostered industrv; the rest of Ireland had M e r e d i t h ; 7, D a v i d M ' l l v e n n a n ; 8, L o u i s b . O w e n s ;
J a m e s F a g a n ; 10, William P. P. C a h i l l ; 11, Charles
neither
its creed
nor Its trade.
I 9;
Mag-wood; 12, Thomas D u n b a r .
gave full references for the foregoing
The
C o u n c i l have awarded a Gold Medal to
all, Protestants, and not a solitary one is even D a n i e l J . B r o w n e , and a Special Certificate to Aloysius
J
Reddy, B . A . . N.U.I.
touched by Mr. Moles.
?
J
U
¥
h
itVv™t
n i
The
Let me, without comment, add a few
"slabs" more. 'Subsequent to 1698 Ireland
at an enormous expense to the publick, made
a progress i n the linen manufacture. . . .
iView tho North of Ireland, for there behold
a whcie province peopled by weavers. . . .
A mo6t prosperous manufacture is- earned
on." ( A r t h u r Young, " T o u r in Ireland,"
pp. 119-120).
Primate Boulter, writing i n
1728, complaining of the emigration of Pro­
testants, says that "the North is the seat of
our linen manufacture."
(Letters, n., p.
262.)
Hera is a present day authority of
acknowledged eminence, Mis* Alice £ . Mur­
ray, D.Sc.,, e t c r - " l h e linen manuf&ctt're at
t
h
I
d
5
0
0
e r s
Bradford Dyers Ordinary repeated 27a. 7^d.
Arnotls were 1-16 down, at 7, for a small l o t ;
but Tood, Burns Preference maintained 90s.
Lever " C" Preference were nominally 20s.
10£d. io 21s. l j d . Burke Ordinary rose l i s .
3d., to 628. 6d., and tho Preference 7s. 6d.,
to 70s. Parkes Preference advanced 6d., to
16s.
n s
1 5
c e
y
l
r e
W
M
0 1 1 0
n
0
t
t e s t
a , o n e
n
remaining
candidates
are
postponed.
FIRE I N T H E C I T Y .
A slight outbreak of fire was discovered
last evening at Rathdown House, Rathdown
road, the residence of Mrs. Joires.
The
Dorset street section of the Fire Brigade was
summoned and found portion of the roof i n
flames. After about an hour's work, the fire
was got under control, but the roof and some
furniture are stated to have been destroyed.
Insure with the Hibernian Fire and Genera]
Insurance Co.," Limited, Head Office, 49 Dame
street, Dublin, for prompt settlep**^- The
pnly .Genelfcl Irish Insurant-
Local Government Board had shown cause.
A T 5 r.jyi. (New T i m e ) .
On 7th June M r . Shannon,'the solicitor foi
Chairman—HIS
WORSHIP T H E MAYOR O F K I L K E N N Y .
the Guardians, made a communication to th«
Local Government Board t h a t i n fact t h i :
T h i s Meeting will be constituted of M . P . s of the City and County
doctor had medical certificates that he wa
of Kilkenny, and other Parliamentary Representatives; Chairmen
not fit for military service.
and Delegations from the several Public Boards of Kilkenny,
Mr. Justice Gibson—The question could no
have been raised if that fact had been befor
Farmers' Association of Kilkenny, and Barley G r o w e r s of the
you.
District. Chairman and Secretary of Licensed Vintners' P r o .
Exchequer 6 per Cent. (1920), Rcgd.,
Mr. Powell—Of course. When that infoi
Bonds were dealt in at 1 0 t i , and the 5 per
tection
Association. Dublin, will address the Meeting, in addition to
mation was laid before the Local Governmen
Cent. (1921), Transferable by Deed, at 99£.
other prominent speakers. A common platform and all a*e welcome,
Board, we said we would not disapprove 0
the appointment,
E D W A R D O'CONNELL,
GOVERNMENT FUNDS.
Mr. Justice Gibson—There is no doubt t h
Town
Clerk,
Hon. Secretary to* Executive.
Nominal mandamus was not necessary, because yoi
Prev. B u s . D o n a
Quota.
P r i c e , for C a s h .
1 o'c. will give your approval on the new facts
B . A . The only question then is as to costs.
M r . Powell—It was never suggested to thi
W a r L o a n , " B " Stock
9813-16 9813-16 —
MEDICAL.
Local Government Board that this gentlemai B R I E F P R E P A I D NOTICES.
5 p . c W a r L o a n , fully pd.
94J
944
—
was unfit for military service.
4 p - c W a r L o a n , fully pd- M l |
l" *
—
A P E R F E C T C u r e — *' Wellseene " remove* Hare" ©<
I n d i a 3 i p . c Stock
662
66i
Ti.1
Suit, Cotos, or Warts;, r a p i d and painless; safes*
Price for Prepaid
Advertisements
Mr. Justice .Gibson—How does that no^
and best; l a ; post free. I s . * l i d .
W. Weill,Chemist.
appear
r
,
{Smalls) :-rUp to 18 words,
6d.
BANKS.
20 Upper Baggot street. D u b l i n .
F25
Mr. Powell said i t appeared in the corres
One Halfpenny
per word
afterL A U D ' S Blood-'ids for Blood aod Nerv**, l a 7?<I
Belfast B a
pondence. He had sent in certificates fron
per
-gross;
postage,
2d.
Leonard's
Apetbecaries,
wards.
Minimum Charge, 6d.
Do.
1
3A» H e u r y str.»et and 36 Talbot street, Duboc. Blood}
Surgeon McArdlo and Surgeon Haydeu to
Frcviacitl.
B . n u s . Ii perfootW.?;rxmutue &L
H.IS
tlno effect, t h a t
T10 was
unfit fop R.A.MVCf NOTICES.
B R E W E R I E S AND D I S T I L L E R I E S .
work.
Counsel also referred to a letter
ORRECTION—Carmel—Theresa
Stall—Result of
of tho Local Government Board stating thej)
MISCELLANEOUS.
17/6-18/0D u b l i B Distilters O r d . . . . . . .
17/0
Raffle, Statue, 16a, YeUow ticket.
18/6 •
were now prepared to sanction the appoint N C O M E T a x R e c o v e r e d ; no failures. R e t u r n a
79/0-78/3L L F i s h i n g Sundries, Rods, Reels,- l i n e s , Fliet»
D u b l i n Dis. 6 p.c. O. F r e L
78/6
filled; accounts prepared.
J . T . Wallace, E x ­
mcnt,
the
grounds
of
their
previous
dis
24
\ etc
A l l T r a v e l l i n g Goods, B a n , P o r t m a n .
Guinness ( A . ) O r d i n a r y . . . f244
F14
approval being removed.
I t was furthef pert, 74 D a m e street, D u b l i n .
6 5-16 •
trails. T r u n k s , R u g s Waterproof Coals, Cycle C a p e t ,
Jameson ( J . ) 4 P-c. Deb...
—
Footballs, .Terse} s. Boots.
W . A . Moore, 7 Aston's
stated that the Guardians knew of this un­
()ii8v, D u b l i n .
FM
T E L E G R A P H S AND T E L E P H O N E S .
SITUATIONS V A C A N T .
fitness.
R.MY Bluchers', strongly reconstructed; 3 i , 4s 6 d ,
Mr.
S.
L
.
Brown,
K
.
C
,
with
whom
wal
Marconi Wireless O r d i n a r y
61,6
164/6 '
—
5s 64 per p a i r , 7d extra postage. Nugent, 80
N S U R A N C E Canvasser wanted for I n d u s t r i a l and Talbot s-treet, D u b l i n .
Mr. W. G. Shannon (instructed by M r . W . J
F15
assurance; salary £2 10s. per week
RAILWAY ORDINARY STOCKS.
S S O R T M E N T — T r u n k s , Bags, Portmanteaus, At»
Shannon), appeared for the Guardians, ahi tod ordinary
commission; apply stating age, experience, e t c 1 \ .
tache Cases, H a t Boxes, R u g and T r u n k Strap*:
said that, except through their clerk* the; Address, 324, F r e e m a n Office.
F15
Ot, flortbem ( L ) Stock...
86
1854 ( 1 3 / 6 / 1 7 ) - Old B a g s , etc., allowed for in exchange.
Frea
E N E R A L Servant wanted, accustomed to chil­ Moore, 4 Bedford row, D u b l i n .
had no knowledge of these certificates. Tht
F19
d r e n ; R . C . ; wages £10 to £12.
A p p l y , 10 H o m e
RAItWAY P R E F E R E N C E STOCKS.
first they heard of them was in a lettel
R E D I T ; H i g h CI ass Tailor-Made Costumes; newest
Farm R o a d , .Drumcondra,
F16
materials
a
n
d
lateqt
designs;
weekly
or
monthly
(With Dividends contingent on tbe Profit of each
written by Dr. Boland on 24th May, 1916,
A U N D R Y Marker a n d P a c k e r , head Calender payments.
T h e Reliable Tailors, 23 T e m p l e B a q
separate y e a r . )
in which the doctor asked the clerk what
b a n d , Ironers, w a n t e d ; also experienced woman 'Phone—204L
H27
for washhouse; seaside resort; permanent situations
steps
he
should
take.
Counsel
suggested
that
E L P H — H a w k e r s , Markets, Shops; B u l k C r a t e * ,
68Belfast A Co. Down 4 p.c68
38s. 6 d . ; Beginner's Crate, £5 5s. Od.
List*
each party should, under the circumstances »nd good wages to suitable workers; fares paid.
Bare
Laundry,
Bare,
Morecambe,
Lancashire, free
Normacot A r t Pottery, Fenton, Staffs.
H28
RAILWAY B A R O N I A L G U A R A N T E E D S H A R E S .
abide their own costs.
England.
F . 15
L E A T H E R Beda ot a l l classes ot Feathers w a n t e d ;
I n Perpetuity u n d e r A c t , 1883.
H O T O E n g r a v i n g — W a n t e d first-class tone and line
Mr. Powell said the Guardians knew of this
'
would send to make offers i l in c i t y oe
also metal p r i n t e r , for Glasgow News­
suburbs; if i n country send postal s a m p l e s ;
on the 25th May, and they allowed the Local paper.etcher,
West Clare. 4 p.c
6i
Encouragement to capable workers.
Must
we pav c a r r i a g e ; Mattresses s u p p l i e d , i n
Government Board to go on incurring useless be over m i l i t a r y age.
State salary and experience.
e x c h a n g e ' if required. Irish firm, original
TRAMWAYS.
" E n g r a v i n g , " c/o Scrimgeour, 13 St. Vincent Place,
expense.
advertiser.
Telephone 661, I r i s h F e a t h e r
E16
Mr. Justice Gibson said the Court would Glasgow.
C o . . L t d . . T a r a s t r e e t Dublin.
te
Dub. U, Tram. Ord
t7j
L E A T H E R Beds, H a i r Mattressej. wanted; highest
discharge the order, and would give no costs.
p r i c e s ; would send to examine.
Americas
T Y R E , C Y C L E A N D MOTOR S H A R E S .
The ratepayers would have to bear the costs HOUSES, ETC., W A N T E D .
F e a t h e r C o . , Mercer street, D u b b n ; 'Ph6ne 2460. F 2 3
of the Guardians.
The result of the cas?
E Y B U R N E M u r p h v (Readymade Clothing E x p e r t j
—
26/0—
27/6
Parent Tyre 8 p.c, C . O r d .
U I T A B L E C a m p Site wanted, within seven miles'
— K h a k i , W h i t e , N a v y , Brown Dust C o a t s ; Oyer^
showed the importance of public bodies nof
34/6(13/6/17);
35/3
Do. Deferred
radius of D u b l i n ; must, be secluded; ,r»nt
alls.
Apron*, a l l trades, professions; lowest T r i c e * ,
135/0 —
taking up a case on behalf of an individual moderate; Sutton district preferred.
Address 435,
E x c h e q u e r street.
S" ?
Freeman
Office.
who had a personal grievance.
MISCELLANEOUS.
E Y B U R N E Murphv—Boj-s' College Suite CPlaiq
1
B
C
I
V
I
PILLAR
PICTURE HOUSE
TO-DAY,
Charlie Chaplin
I N ONE A . M .
And
Full
C h a n g e of
Programme.
2—10.3O p.m. CONTINUOUS.
COME
EARLY.
G
L
MARY ST. PICTURE HOUSE
TO-DAY, F R I D A Y and S A T U R D A Y ,
1st Episode PURPLE DOMINO,
Last Episode
And
Magnificent
LIBERTY,
Programme.
2.30 to 10.30 p.m. CONTINUOUS.
POPULAR
PRICES.
U.I.L, IN D U B L I N
College Green Division
A very important meeting of the College
Green Divisional Executive, United Irish
League w i l l be held next Monday everting,
at
8. o'clock
sharp
in the
League
rooms, 39 Upper O'Connell street, Dublin.
The Secretaries of the Arran quay, Inns quay,
South City Ward, Rotunda Ward, and North
City Ward United Irish League are requested
to have a full attendance of their delegates, as
matters of great urgency affecting the econo­
mic and National welfare of the Nationalists
of Dublin w i l l be under consideration, and ar­
rangements will be made to carry them into
P
D
1
S
I
L
2
Arnott and Co
Todd. Burns 6 p . c C . Prf.
Bradtcrd D y e r s As. O r d .
Calico Printers' O r d
Coats ( J . and P . ) O r d
Do. 20 p.c. N . C . P . O r d .
English Sew. Cotton O r S .
Fine Cotton Spin. O r d
Fine Cotton Spin. 5% C P .
Lever Bros 6% C . " C " Pf.
Bucke ( E . and J . )
Do. 6 p.c. C . Pref
Parkes ( J . C . ) 54 r-c. C . P .
Irtifa Times 64% 2nd C P .
17
— 90/0
—
90/0
27/7J
27/74
—
14/6
14/3
—
•6i
6i
354
354
—
52/6
52/3(13/6/17);
52/6-53/0-52/9
130/3
29/9
18>10i
—
18/9
— 20/104—21/14
51/3
62/6
—
62/6
70/0
—
15/6
16/0
—
15/0
15/0
—
20/104
O T H E R BUSINESS DONE.
1 L 4 5 o'clock.
Dunlop R u b b e r C o . , 6 p.c. " A " C u m . Pref
20/0
Exchequer, 6 p.c. Bonds, 1920, R e g
1014
Do. 5 p.c. Bonds, 1921 (Transferable by Deed)...99g
Ku3la Pahi R u b b e r Estate
2/84
t Exceptional Amount at Special Price.
The Stock E x c h a n g e closed on Saturdays.
T H E B A N K RATE.
Bank rate, 5 per cent., no change.
a
T
L
L
P
J
K n e e s ) . Sports Coats, pre-war T w e e d s , ch<uc9
<";rev>. B r o w n s , natty styles.
F23
E Y B U R N E M u r p h y ; Gentlemen*, Y o u t h s ' ( p e r .
L L Classes ot I r o n , L e a d , B r a s s , Copper, R a g s ,
manent t u r n - u p ) L o n g Trousers S u i t s , T a u o r e d ,
Tailors' and Ladies' C l i p p i n g s , Bones, Feathers, square shoulders. E x c h e q u e r street.
F23
E Y B T ' R N E Murphy—Gentlemen's S h i r t s , SockF,
A concert by the Students' Musical Union H a i r Mattresses, O l d F u r n i t u r e , e t c . ; highest prices
iven.
R u b b e r .and Metal C o . . 25 H i l l street. Dublin
Underwear. See Exhibition Windows for B a r ­
R . I . A . M . , was given in the Aberdeen Hall elephone 4065.
G2 gains. E x c h e q u e r street,
F23
Gresham
Hotel,
when
an
enjoyable
L L classes Rags, Bones, Bottles, B r a s s , C o p p e r ,
R E P A I D Advertisement* (Smalls) for the " F r e e '
L e a d , I r o n , H a i r , F u r n i t u r e , Sacks, e t c ; highest
man's J o u r n a l , " " E v e n i n g Telegraph," " W e e k l y
programme
was
presented.
The
first
p r i c e s ; immediate attention. M. Mirrelaon, 20 Martin F r e e m a n , ' ' a n d " S p o r t , " may be handed in at M r ,
item consisted of two choruses entitled street,
S . C road. D u b l i n , a n d 74 Y o r k road, fiinga- J . M. B u t l e r ' s Stationery Depot. 41 A m i e n s street.
"Songs of the Errhine," and "Sir Eglamore," town.
F23
E P A I R E D A r m y Boots, 3s. 6d., 4s. 6 d . , 6s. 6 d J
N T I Q U E S W a n t e d , C h i n a , C u t Glasa, E n g r a v i n g s ,
the ladies' choir being conducted by M r . W.
30 pairs, unrepaired, 25s . Savers, 49 M i d d l s
Paintings F u r n i t u r e , Needlework, Plated Ware. Abbey street. D u b l i n .
F19)
Hopkins. A trio by Miss B. O'Hart Bourke
B u t l e r Sisters, 29 L o w e r O r m o n d quay,
E P A I R E D A r m y Boote, 3o. 6d., 4s. 6d., 6s 6 d . ;
.(violin), M r . R. Potterton (violin), and Miss Miniatures
D u b l i n (late Abbey s t and Nassau s t . ) .
G16
30 pairs, unrepaired, 25s. Sayers, 49 M i d d l *
May Lord (viola) followed. Another pleasing
L O T H E S Wanted for C a s h ; Mrs. Wine, 35 Welling
Abbey street, D u b l i n .
••>.,••
ton q u a y ; utmost value given for Clothes, ** O I C K W a t c h Hospital "—Urgent a n d troublesome
contribution was "Les Djinns," the orchestra
J
e
w
e l l e r y . F a l s e Teeth.
'Phone 2691.
G17
^
cases receive prompt and careful attention.
being conducted by Mr. J. F . Larchet, with
GREEN,
109 Lower G a r d i n e r street, D u b l i n , Gordon. J e w e l l e r , 44 M a r v street, near T o d d B u m s .
Miss Annie Lord at the piano.
" M y broTnhighest prices. Rags, Bones, L e a d , B r a s s , CopF16
haired boy," was sung i n Irish by Miss per. Rubber, Feather Beds, H a i r , Cost-off Clothes, H C J I G N , t
Spex," Gordon. 44 M a r y street,
Kathleen Roddy—the string accompaniment F u r n i t u r e , C h i n a W a r e ; prompt attention by post;
O
D u b l i n , for troublesome and stopping Watches.
by an orchestra under the direction of Jlr. closed Saturdays. 'Phone 4870.
J26. Established over a quarter century; best quality of
F18
L D Iron. Brass, Copper, L e a d , Ztno wanted; workmanship guaranteed.
J. F. Larchet.
A number of rousing »ea
highest prices paid.
Apply, Gerald Jackson t t r p H E Sick W a t c h Hospital,'' 44 M a r y street,
song were rendered by M r . Percy Whitehead • n d Co.
X
Gordon,
sign,
"
T
h
e
Blue
Spex."
K
e
e
p
this
Wholesale Metal Merchants, 22 Cifcv quay,
in the solp parts, w i t h a large chorus and D u b l i n .
We estimate for y o u r
'Phone 285.
G29 address always before you.
work
before,
doing
it.
Note.
F
1S
A
N
T
E
D
,
T
w
i
n
Combination;
A
.
J
.
S
.
preferred;
orchestra, Mr. T. H . Weaving conducting.
tate price, etc., 445 F r e e m a n Office.
F16 ii C J I G H T S T e s t e d F r e e "—Gordbn, O p t i c i a n , IJjary
Other contributions were, a piano solo by Miss
O
street. D u b l i n ; Spectacles. I s . 6 d . ; P r e s c r i p Edith Boxwell, and "Serenade Suite" (Weintions a speciality; Gold-filled Folders and Spectacle?.
TO-DAYS
' LONDON STOGKS.
12TW p.ni. —Money in good demand at 4.
1 c e n t . ; ' t h r e e months' bills, 4 11-1& to 4?
per cent.
The Stock Markets maintain a
steady appearance, but business is still very
quiet, with few- movements i n values. Con­
sols remain unaltered at 54J, but War Loan
is a trifle easier at 94 . Home Rails continue
idle, but prices show a hardening tendency.
Trunks remain unaltered, and there is no
change i n Argentine Raih. Mining shares
are quiet, but fairly steady, with no move­
ment of interest. Rubbers keep steady. Oil
shares are firm, w i t h Shells in active demand
at 6 j . Iron and Steel issues meet with good
support.
I 30.—Bankers' Clearing House Return for
IRELAND'S LEADING
the week ended 13th'June, £342,330,000; in­
WEEKLY
crease, £51,957,000. Bank Return—Increased
public deposits, £1,785,000; other deposits,
5,056,000; other Securities, £6,375,000coin
Ireland's leading weekly newspaper is pub­ and bullion, £269,000.
Decreases—Circula­
£187,000;
Government
Securities,
lished this morning and can be had from all tion,
newsagents i n Dublin and throughout Ireland £39.000; total reserve, £35,028,000; increase,
£456,000; proportion, 19-94 per cent.
and Great Britain, price three halfpence.
General, political, home and foreign in­
L a s t Price.
To-day's Price.
telligence, w i l l be found i n its columns. A l l
BRITISH FUNDS.
information w i t h reference to the Irish Na­
66*
India U%
57*
tional cause, and all the latest details re­
56*
Do. 3%
94 7-16
W a r - L o a n 5%
garding the coming Conference on the Irish
AMERICANS.
problem are provided.
63J
634
Chesapeake
The special departments are maintained at Southern R a i l w a y
29j(
the highest level.
Agriculture, Poultry,
CANADIAN. .
177
Bee-keeping, Gardening, Civil Service, and Canadian Pacific
Education, are dealt w i t h by experts, who
FOREIGN RAILS.
..t
answer readers' queries fully every week.
Mexican E a i l i
Do. 1st Pref
52
A Woman's *Page of exceptional interest
Dc. 2nd Pref.
;
'
32
and value is included i n the contents, and the
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL.
children are specially catered for in the Irish33/9
ioutr, D u r h a m Steel
Fireside Club by Uncle Remus, who awards Brit and A r g . Meat
attractive prizes every week.
Court aulds
j.
The Irish Language and Gaelic Sports and LJptct"
Marconi C a n a u i a n ....
Pastimes are dealt w i t h i n a manner sur­ Court L i n *
35/0
...
49,0
passing that of any other Irish paper. The F u r n e s s W i t h y
116
Royal
Mail
weekly article i n the ancient tongue is the
6 3-16
Shell T r a n s p o r t . . . . . . .
best available t o readers' a w l speakers of North C a u c a s i a n .....
26/b
Irish*
DRUMCONDRA B R A N C H .
*A meeting of tho Drumcondra Branch will
be held next Wednesday at 8 p.m. sharp in
the A.O.H. Hall, Claude road. Glasnevin. As
matters of importance will be before the meet­
ing for consideration, i t is expected that there
w i l l be a full attendance of members and
those desiring to join tho National Organisa­
tion. The Municipal and Poor Law repre­
sentatives will bo present, and M r . J. P.
Kelly, U . I . L . organiser, on behalf of the Na­
tional Directory, will attend.
C
R.I.A. S T U D E N T S ' UNION
FOR SALE A N D W A N T E D .
A
f
A
A
C
R
R
I-
h o
B
l
u
B
w
gartner) by the string orchestra, conducted CYCLES A N D ACCESSORIES.
by Mr. Larchet.
G E N T S , wby keep customers w a i t i n g
A
B E AT YOUfi BEST
as Nature intends you to be! I n the all"
important matter of Health do not be satis­
fied with a sort of second-best, or a condi­
tion of " half-health." Be all that you can
be; go i n for the Best of Health! I n order
to do so—in order to give your powers a fair
chance—you must ensure a good digeetion.
Any weakness or lack of efficiency hi this
direction w i l l impede whatever efforts you
may make otherwise to improve your fitness.
BY TAKING
a course of Beecham's Pills you w i l l be able
to maintain the digestive system i n sound
working order. As is well known, this
popular remedy exercises a cleansing and
tonic action upon the stomach, liver and
bowels, speedily correcting irregularities and
removing waste accretions. Beecham's Pills
are also valuable for purifying the blood and
bracing - the nervous system. I n a word
there is no medicine so generally useful or so
necessary to the majority as
BEECHAM'S
PILLS
Prepared only by
THOMAS B E E C H A M , St. Helens, Lane.
Sold everywhere i n boxes,
price 1/1 j, (56 pills) & 2/9 (168 pills).
Printed and Published by the " Freeman's
Journal " Company, L t d . , at 6 and 7
Townsend street.
D u b l i n : Thursday, June 14, 1917,
F?Q
W
I N D O W B i l l s for a l l Businesses. T h o u s a n d s is]
for Cycles
stock. D a l y ' s , P r i n t e r s , 7 L i t t l e S t r a n d s t .
of doubtful menta, when y o u c a n obtain prompt
'Hm
delivery of the reliable ' E l s t o n , " " U n i v e r s a l , " and Cape! st,. D u b l i n .
O
T
A
BUSINESS C a r d s , Billheads, or Merooe.
" Overstooe ' Ladies' .and Gents* Modela. F u l l par­
postage 5d. L e i n s t e r P r i n t i n g Cov» 7 Upr»ee
t i c u l a r s on application.
Rudge-Whitworth. L t d . ,
n d quay, D u b l i n .
Stephen's GreenF.15 1
A L L C y c l i s t s r e q u i r i n g new Ma<_t..u«:o t,,..u'.i . . . . . . j 1 1 11 1
J \
us "for particulars of " E l s t o n , " " U n i v e r s a l , " I X » W
Fit*
and " O r e r a t o n V Models; C a s h or deferred payments; j P r i n t i n g
W E E K L Y earned with Automatic Stocking
all makes of second-hand cycles taken in part pay­ 1 1 K /
Knitter.
Price L i s t from E . Scott Cooper.
ment; inspection invited.—Kudge-Whitwortb, L t d . , ± 0 / "
5 South K i n g street, D u b l i n .
F15
Stephen's Greeo.
F.15
L L C y c l i s t s r e q u i r i n g new Machines should write
us, for particulars of " E l s t o n , " " U n i v e r s a l . "
and " O v e r s t o n e " Models; Cash or deferred pay­
ments; a l l makes of secondhand cycles taken in J E W E L L E R Y .
part payment; inspection invited.—Hudge-Whitworth,
L t d . , Stephen's Green.
G15
E N S O N ' S , 51a Mary street and 15* Wexford street,
L L S T E E L Raleighs, H u m b e r s , Swifts, C e n t a u r s ;
cheapest a n d most reliable for watch, clock a n d
Secondhand; a n y make taken part payment. j e w e l l e r y repairs.
F20
Price Brothers, Chatham street, D u b l i n , and PortO R Reliable W a t c h Repair* (work guaranteed)
arlington.
F19
t r y T . G r a v e s a n d C o . . 5 Talbot street, t h e
MONGST the many High Grade C y c l e s to choose Watch Hospital.
C o u n t r y orders special attention.
from, the Royal F r a n k f o r t s hold the premier
F1S
position; if a corner in I r e l a n d could be found where
A T C H E S C l e a n e d , I s ; Mainsprings, l i ; H a i r two bicycles only are in use, y o u w i l l find one, if
spring, I s . ; w o r k guaranteed two y e a n ;
not both, F r a n k f o r t s ; where there are thousands you c o u n t r y work immediate attectioo.
Hubert Brawill find seventy-five per cent. " F r a n k f o r t s . " - W h y ? h a m , 1 Mary street, D u b l i n .
F H
Because they represent the highest grade cycles at
the lowest possible prices obtainable.
L i s t s and
terms on receipt of postcard.
J . F i t z g e r a l d , 128
Stephen's Green. F a c t o r y . 56 Rathmines road.
F15 FARM A N D G A R D E N REQUISITES.
A N Y H i g h Grade Secondhand C y c l e y o u w i s h 1
XX
can supply at anv price y o u wish to pay, in­
I C K S O N ' S H a w l m a r k Manures for til Crop*, in*
cluding Roval Frankforts, Humbera, Swifts, R o v e r . ,
crease tho q u a n t i t y , ensure th* quality, a n d
Piercer Osmond, Rudge, Enfield, L u c a n i a , B . S . A . , enhance the beauty of y o u r vegetables and flowers;
Ladies', Gent's, G i r l s ' and B o y s ' ; prices £ 3 , £3 10s., Special Sweet Pea, Rose, F r u i t Tree, Lawn, a n d
£4 £5, £6, £7, and £ 8 ; complete.with all accessories; G e n e r a l Purpose M a n u r e s , T i n s , 64 tod 1*.; 71b».,
all' in good condition. J o h n F i t z g e r a l d , 128 Stephen's 2s. 6 d . ; 141bs., 4s.; 281bs.. 7s. 6d.; 1 a r t , 30*. A l e x .
Green.
F a c t o r y , 56 R a t h m i n e s road.
F 1 5 Dickson and Sons, L i d . . H a w l m a r s , 61 Daw*on s t r e e t
A M P I O N C y c l e House. 26 Bachelor's Walk, for
All-Steel Raleigh and Campion
Cycles; all
iccessoriea stocked; see our window for prices; a
I C K S O N ' S E m e r a l d L a w n Gr<j«»irifl provide y o a
special display of C y c l e Goods now showing. H o u r s ,
with the c r o w n i n g glorv r>s l garden—« rich
8 30 to a
S a t u r d a y s 6 o'clock
'Pfcone-1619.
Note green velvety lawn or grass plot, price, l a 4d. p e i
t i e Address—26 Bachelor's Walk.
l b . , 16s. per ttoue.
Dickson's Hiwlmark L e w s
A M the Premier Agent.
C a l l and inspect tbe Mower w i l l keep it in the perfelSoe of beauty;
1917 Models; best value in tbe trade.
Sole price? from 37s. 64. to 59s. 64.
AlB. Dickson a n d
Agent: K e l l y for Bikes. 27 Bachelor'* W a l k , D u b l i n . Sons, L t d . , H a w l m a r k , 61 DaT«.-D, itreet, Dublin.
R E P A I D Advertisements ( S m a l l s ) for tbe "Frqe
Fit
man'* J o u r n a l , " " E v e n i n g T e l e g r a p h , " "Weeklj
I C K S O N ' S H a w l m a r k Wallflower-SK&
P™*
F r e e m a n , ' and " Sport," may be handed in at Mr
sent s o w i n g ; easily raised, i -jssotlv perfumed,
J . M. B u t l e r ' * Stationery Depot, 41 Amiens s t r e e t
varied in c o l o u r ; F l o o d R « l , P u r * (ftkL Violet BlueL A D I E S ' , Gent's, and J u v e n i l e Secondhand Primrose D a m e , E a s t e r n Queen
Job? Gem, and
0\)
Cycle*, from £3 c a s h ; immediate delivery a n d other sorts, 3d., fed., and I s r V pjdtet . Alex.
satisfaction guaranteed.
R e y n o l d s , . 110 Leeson st.. D i c k s o n and Sons. L t d . , bl l.i.,« .-:... .itreet, Dublin. F31
A W N M o w e r s ; a l l make* s u p p M R t n d repaired
Upper, D u b l i n .
on the premises by a u t o n i s f machinery, s t
moderate
prices; Hughes
B r - / Diwson rtreei*
Dublin.
"' .
F15
FINAHCt.
A
A
A
B
F
W
D
C
I
P
^
D
m
D
FOR
r
s
L
L
L
O A N S ; £3, u p w a r d * ; s t r i c t p r i v a c y (no collectors
c a l l i n g ) ; easy repayment* a t office. Manager,
Norton, 11 Fownes' s t r e e t D u b l i n .
H7
OANS—£3 to £100; s t r i c t p r i v a c y ( n o collector*
c a l l i n g ) ; easy repayment* a t office. Manager,
Norton. U yowne* street, D u b l i n .
H7
LOST.
P
O C K E T - B O O K l . . - t : J o h n r u r . v j « c * « : lettm*
Offio*" ^'
A p p l y «5t,
fir,-,'a***
Fit***
0 1
200
HER HO' r
T h e Coombo Hospital staff treated 30
•wounded cases during the troubles.
One
•oldier brought in was beyond human aid.
Manv poor women m d their children
sought sanctuary in the institution.
Rev.
• P . Monahiin, C . ' C , Francis street, was in­
defatigable i n his attention to patients and
others.
During the food crisis i n Howth the Kev.
. t r f " . - W i l l i a m s , C.C., aesisted bv Mr.
S m i t h , helped t h o Howth people admir­
a b l y . Often under fire they drove to the
c i t y or n e i g h b o u r i n g towns, prornring pro­
visions w h i c h xvere welcomed by the famine
ireatened people,
1
—
t