Description of high speed systems currently in use, being

Transcription

SECOND TRAINING COURSE ON HIGH-SPEED SYSTEMS
UIC – Paris - June 2005
Description of high speed systems currently
in use, being constructed or being designed
in Europe and the world:
• Europe
Mr Jean-Pierre Loubinoux,
Director of International Development – SNCF
Chairman of SNCF International
Training on High Speed Systems, 19.6.2006 -1-
Umeå
1981: Paris – Lyon
410
1989: Le Mans – Tours
Oslo
Helsinki
St.Petersburg
Stockholm
1991: Mannheim – Stuttgart
Tallinn
1991: Hannover – Würzburg
Göteborg
1992: Firenze – Roma
Riga
1992: Madrid – Sevilla
Edinburgh
Glasgow
Moskva
1993: Calais
– Lille
København
Vilnius 1994: Lyon – Valence
Gdansk
1994: Channel Tunnel
Hamburg
Dublin
Minsk
1995: Paris Junction
Berlin
Amsterdam
1996: Lille – Bruxelles
Hann.
London
Warszawa
1998: Fyn – Sjæland
Brux.
Köln
Fr.
Katowice
1998:
Hannover - Berlin
Praha
Lviv
Kiev
Nürnberg
Lux.
2000: København – Malmö
Mann.
Paris
Wien
2001: Valence Nîmes Marseille
München
Bratislava
Rennes
2002: Köln Wiesbaden Frankfurt
Budapest
Zürich
ChisinauLouvain – Liège
2002:
Genève
Ljubljana
Milano
2003: Madrid – LLeida
Lyon
Bordeaux
Zagreb
2006: Rome – Naples / Turin-Nova
Beograd
Bucuresti
Bologna
Genova
Sarajevo
Sofia
Marseille
410 km
Skopje
Porto
Madrid
Barcelona
Istanbul
Roma
High-speed line
Tirana
Napoli
Bari
Ankara
Valencia
Reggio di C.
Lisboa
Athinai
Source: UIC maps,
Sevilla
Málaga
network
data
Training on High Speed
Systems,
19.6.2006 -20
500 km
Umeå
410
280
Oslo
1989:
Le Mans – Tours
Helsinki
St.Petersburg
Stockholm
99
Tallinn
326
Göteborg
246
Riga
471
Edinburgh
Glasgow
Moskva
332
1993: Calais
– Lille
København
Vilnius
122
1994: Lyon – Valence
Gdansk
52
Hamburg
Dublin
Minsk
102
Berlin
Amsterdam
Hann.
London
Warszawa
Brux.
Köln
Fr.
Katowice
Praha
1998:
Lviv
Kiev Hannover - Berlin
Nürnberg
Lux.
Mann.
Paris
Wien
München
Bratislava
Rennes
Budapest
Zürich
Chisinau
2002: Louvain – Liège
Genève
Ljubljana
Milano
Lyon
Bordeaux
Zagreb
Beograd
2006: Rome – Naples / Turin-Nova
Bucuresti
Bologna
Genova
Sarajevo
Sofia
Marseille
2,240 km
Skopje
Porto
Madrid
Barcelona
Istanbul
Roma
Tirana
Napoli
Bari
Ankara
High-speed line
Valencia
Reggio di C.
Lisboa
Athinai
Source: UIC maps,
Sevilla
Málaga
network
data
Systems,
19.6.2006 -30
500 km
Umeå
Oslo
Helsinki
St.Petersburg
Stockholm
Tallinn
Göteborg
Riga
Edinburgh
Glasgow
Moskva
1993: Calais
– Lille
København
Gdansk
Hamburg
Dublin
Minsk
Berlin
Amsterdam
Hann.
London
Warszawa
Brux.
Köln
Fr.
Katowice
1998:
Hannover - Berlin
Praha
Lviv
Kiev
Nürnberg
Lux.
Mann.
Paris
Wien
München
Bratislava
Rennes
Budapest
Zürich
2002:
Genève
Ljubljana
Milano
Lyon
Bordeaux
Zagreb
2006: Rome – Naples / Tur-Nov
Beograd
Bucuresti
Bologna
Genova
Sarajevo
Sofia
Marseille
4,574 km
Skopje
Porto
Madrid
Barcelona
Istanbul
Roma
Tirana
Napoli
410
280
99
326
246
471
332
122
52
102
73
15
152
18
295
219
69
470
314
Bari
Ankara
High-speed line
Valencia
Reggio di C.
Lisboa
Athinai
Source: UIC maps,
Sevilla
Málaga
network
data
Systems,
19.6.2006 -40
500 km
Umeå
Oslo
Helsinki
St.Petersburg
Stockholm
Tallinn
Göteborg
Riga
Edinburgh
Glasgow
Moskva
1993: Calais
– Lille
København
Gdansk
Hamburg
Dublin
Minsk
Berlin
Amsterdam
Hann.
London
Warszawa
Brux.
Köln
Fr.
Katowice
1998:
Hannover - Berlin
Praha
Lviv
Kiev
Nürnberg
Lux.
Mann.
Paris
Wien
München
Bratislava
Rennes
Budapest
Zürich
2002:
Genève
Ljubljana
Milano
2003: Madrid – Lleida
Lyon
Bordeaux
Zagreb
2006: Rome – Naples / Tur-Nov
Beograd
Bucuresti
Bologna
Genova
Sarajevo
Sofia
Marseille
Skopje
Porto
Madrid
Barcelona
410
280
99
326
246
471
332
122
52
102
73
15
152
18
295
219
69
470
314
Roma
Projects
under construction in 2006
Istanbul
Tirana
Napoli
Bari
Ankara
Valencia
Reggio di C.
Lisboa
Athinai
High-speed line
Line under
construction
Source: UIC maps,
Sevilla
Málaga
network
data
Systems,
19.6.2006 -50
500 km
Umeå
Oslo
1989:St.Petersburg
Le Mans – Tours
Helsinki
Stockholm
Tallinn
Göteborg
Riga
Edinburgh
Glasgow
Moskva
1993: Calais
– Lille
København
Gdansk
Hamburg
Dublin
Minsk
Berlin
Amsterdam
Hann.
Warszawa
London
Brux.
Köln
Fr.
Katowice
1998:Kiev
Hannover - Berlin
Praha
Lviv
Nürnberg
Lux.
Mann.
Paris
Wien
München
Bratislava
Rennes
Budapest
Zürich
2002:
Genève
Ljubljana
Milano
Lyon
Zagreb
Bordeaux
Beograd
Bucuresti
Bologna
Genova
Sarajevo
Sofia
Marseille
Skopje
Porto
Madrid
Barcelona
Roma
Napoli
Reggio di C.
Sevilla
Málaga
10,000 km
On the horizon for
2020
Istanbul
Tirana
Bari
High-speed line
Converted lines
Classic line
Ankara
Valencia
Lisboa
410
280
99
326
246
471
332
122
52
102
73
15
152
18
295
219
69
470
Athinai
Training on High Speed Systems, 19.6.2006 -60
500 km
Europe – Countries
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
France
Germany
Spain
Italy
Great Britain
Belgium
The Netherlands
Scandanavia
France - History
• Since its creation in 1981, the TGV network
has been extended to
cover 1,540 km
• Running speed
Initially travelled at 270km/h
The TGV currently travels at
300km/h and at 320km/h on some stretches
France – The network
• TGV trains can run on standard
lines and serve any train station.
• Extended links to European
countries
– Eurostar: England via the Channel
Tunnel
– Thalys: Belgium, the Netherlands
and Germany
– Route to Switzerland and Italy,
classic line
France – The network
France – Statistics
• 41.44 billion passenger-km per year
(2004, with Thalys and Eurostar)
45
40
35
30
Thalys
Eurostar
Jonction
Nord
Atlantique
Sud-Est
25
20
15
10
5
0
1996
2002
2003
2004
France – Statistics
• Pool of more than 400 TGV trains
• Average cost of construction per km: €10m
• Average cost of ticket: € 0.11/km
(2nd class standard fare for a journey of more than 300km)
• Electricity supply: 25,000V - 50Hz
• TVM 430 Signalling system
France – Records
• 1990: the TGV reached 515.3km/h
• 2001: a TGV travelled the Calais – Marseille
route in 3h29
– Distance: 1,067.2km
– Average speed: 306.4km/h
• 2003: 1st billion travellers carried by the
TGV
(87 million passengers carried in 2003 for the
year 2003 alone)
• Aim: 100 million passengers annually in
2010
France – Projects
•
•
•
•
2007: Extension to the east: TGV Est
(300 km)
2011: Extension Rhine – Rhône east
(190 km)
2012: Nîmes – Montpellier bypass (70 km)
2013 - 2016: Extension to the south-west
(LGV Sud Europe Atlantique (302 km)
• Other projects: Brittany, PACA…
• Extensions to other countries
– Germany, with the extension of the LGV Est
– Spain, with the construction of the mixed-use
Perpignan-Figueras line (of which the 45 contracted
km are to enter into service in 2009)
– Italy, with the construction of the mixed-use LyonTurin line (300km)
Germany – History
• High-speed trains began
in 1991 with the ICE train
• Speed and network
– 250km/h initially
– 300km/h at the moment
– New stock designed for 330 km/h
Germany – The network
• Some high-speed
stretches
Completed high-speed stretches
High-speed stretches planned/under
construction
Stretch taken by the Thalys
Germany – Statistics
• 900km of high-speed track
• Infrastructure designed for mixed transport
(Only the Cologne – Frankfurt line is reserved
solely for high-speed)
• 47.6 million travellers, or 15.2 billion
passenger-km per year (2002)
• Pool of 160 ICE trains
• Average ticket price (2nd class standard fare):
€0.20/km
• 15000V 16.7Hz
• LZB Signalling system
Germany – Projects
• Aim is for a network with a minimum speed of
200km/h.
• Today, ICE trains run on 1,800km of track (highspeed and normal track). It is planned to increase
this to 4,000km by 2015.
• Construction of a bridge over the Rhine at Kehl
• Several routes planned
– Nuremberg Ingolstadt
– Mannheim Saarbruck
(entry into service in 2006)
(entry into service in 2009)
Spain – History
• 1992: Madrid – Seville
• 2003: Madrid – Lerida
• Network being extended:
- 950 km in use,
- 500 km under construction
- 550 km planned
In Use
Under
construction
Planned
At study stage
• Links planned for other
countries: France,
Portugal (Madrid- Lisbon
2013)
Spain – The network
• Inconsistent gauges :
1668mm for classic and 1435mm for
high-speed lines
• Running speed:
– 300km/h on some stretches of the MadridSeville route
– 220km/h on Madrid-Lérida (waiting for the
ERTMS, track and new rolling stock
designed for 350km/h)
• Variety of rolling stock
Spain – Statistics
•
•
•
•
•
950km of high-speed track
2 billion passenger-km per year (2001)
Pool to have 120 high-speed trains in the future
Average cost of construction per km: €27m
Average ticket price (2nd class standard fare):
€0.20/km
• The main strength of the AVE: the quality of the
on-board service
• 25,000V
50Hz
• Level 2 ERTMS signalling in process
Italy – History
Bern - Zürich
Lyon
Innsbruck - München
Ljubljana
•
1992: Historic RomeFlorence axis “Direttissima”
(line in use since 1978, with
updates)
• 246km to 250km/h
• Tilting technology
• 3,000V
• 15.1 billion
passenger-km per year
(2001)
Line in use
Line under construction
Line at planning stage
Line at study stage
Italy - Characteristics
• Relaunch of high-speed: the Alta Velocita projects
– 700km in operation & under construction
(Rome – Naples 2006, Turin – Novara 2006,
Novara - Milan, Milan - Bologne – Florence)
– 230km at study stage
– 250km/h (track and new rolling stock designed
for 300km/h)
– 25,000V
• Links planned for other countries:
France, Germany, Slovenia, Switzerland
• Pool to have 120 high-speed trains in future
• ERTMS signalling planned
Belgium
• Thalys is the undisputed market leader of the
Brussels-Paris route.
• Eurostar links Brussels to London, via Lille and
the Channel Tunnel.
• The TGV network provides direct links between
Brussels and the main tourist destinations in
France.
• A high-speed line between Louvain
and Liege has been in servcie since
2002
• Since December 2002, German ICE
trains have provided a daily link
between Brussels and Frankfurt via
Liege and Cologne.
Belgium – Characteristics
• Running of:
Thalys ParisBrussels Amsterdam
Thalys ParisBrussels KölnAmsterdam
ICE
25,000V
50Hz
3,000V
DC
1,500V
DC
25,000V
50Hz
3,000V
DC
1,500V
DC
15,000V
16.7Hz
• 0.9 billion passenger-km per year (2001)
• 3,000V
• TBL signalling system
Belgium – Projects
• High-speed extension to Cologne (2006)
• High-speed
extension to
Amsterdam (2007)
• Extension to
Luxembourg (planned)
Under
construction
Planned
Great Britain
• The Eurostar serves London from Paris and
Brussels via the Channel Tunnel
• The CTRL1 section (2003):
speeds of 300 km/h
Great Britain
• Construction of CTRL2 (gaining 20 min)
(2007)
• High-speed service to and from Kent
–
–
–
–
–
First regional high-speed service in the world
London – Stratford – Ebbsfleet – Ashford line
Serves other towns in the region (Canterbury, etc.)
Regional trains travel at 225km/h
Operated under contract (2008)
Great Britain – Statistics
• 0.8 billion passenger-km per year (2001)
• Pool of 31 Eurostar trains
• Average ticket price (2nd class standard fare):
€0.44/km
• 750V
(3rd rail supply)
• AWS signalling system
The Netherlands
• Currently, Thalys
serves Amsterdam
• HSL Project:
Creation of a new 100km line linking
Amsterdam and Rotterdam to the Belgium
border
The Netherlands – The HSL Project
Future line to run alongside existing infrastructure
(motorways, rail tracks) and be linked to the existing network.
A 3-part construction:
– Six contracts for the planning and construction of the
earthworks and civil engineering structures ( approx. €3bn).
– Infrastructure contract. A public private partnership for the
track, energy supply, telecommunications and signalling
(approx. €1.5bn).
– Operating contract. Also a public private partnership
(€0.5bn).
⇒ High Speed Alliance (HSA – NS/KLM consortium)
⇒ Tolls will be based on the number of train journeys
⇒ Collaboration foreseen for the SNCB/NMBS (Belgium) and the SNCF
(France)
The Netherlands – The HSL project
•
•
•
•
ERTMS signalling
Supply 25,000V
300km/h
75% civil engineering structures (170
structures): tunnels (one of 7km),
underwater tunnels, major bridges, etc
• Cost of 5bn euros
• Opening in April 2007
• Stations served: Amsterdam, Schiphol
Airport, Rotterdam, The Hague and
Breda.
Operators
• National operators
SNCF
RENFE
FS
(France)
(Spain)
(Italy)
SNCB (Belgium)
DB
(Germany)
NS
(Netherlands)
• Partnerships
Thalys (SNCF – SNCB)
Eurostar (SNCF – SNCB – EUKL)
Future alliance SNCF DB
• Private contracts
HSL (NS – KLM)
(Operating)
Perpignan - Figueras (For infrastructure)
Comparison
France
Germany
Spain
Italy
United
Kingdom
Belgium
Km of dedicated track
1,540
900
950
250
100
150
Km of running track
7,000
1,800
950
n.a.
100
470
Passenger-km/year
(in billions)
41.4
15.2
2
15.1
0.8
0.9
Pool (number of
trains)
400
160
120
120
31
10
28
27
n.a.
27
Average cost of
construction (€m)
n.a.
Supply – Signalling
France
25,000V
HS
Compatibility 1,500V
50Hz
TVM
DC
Germany
HS
15,000V
16.7Hz
LZB
Spain
HS
25,000V
50Hz
LZB/ERTMS
HS
Compatibility
25,000V
50Hz
ERTMS
3,000V
DC
HS
Compatibility
25,000V
50Hz
TVM
1,500V
DC
TBL2
HS
Compatibility
25,000V
50Hz
TVM
750V
DC
ATP
25,000V
50Hz
ERTMS
1,500V
DC
ATB
Italy
Belgium
UK
NetherlandsHS
Compatibility
The issue of interoperability
• Signalling
– Each country has its own signalling system
– TVM (France, England, Belgium)
– LZB (Germany and Spain)
– ERTMS, a European standard, currently under
development
•
•
•
•
Rail gauges
Bend radii and cants
Electricity supply
But also other questions (height of
platforms, emergency coupling, linguistic
questions, etc)
Europe
Estimated development of high-speed lines
Km
12,000
10,000
average: 370km/year
8,000
6,000
4,000
average: 170km/year
2,000
2019
2017
2015
2013
2011
2009
2007
2005
2003
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
1987
1985
1983
1981
0

Description of high speed systems currently in use, being

Transcription

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