Македонско-Англиски и Англиско

Transcription

Боне Величковски
МАКЕДОНСКО-АНГЛИСКИ
И
АНГЛИСКО-МАКЕДОНСКИ
ПОСЛОВИЧНИ ПАРАЛЕЛИ
Скопје, 2002
ИНСТИТУТ ЗА ФОЛКЛОР „МАРКО ЦЕПЕНКОВ“ - СКОПЈЕ
Посебни изданија
Книга 49
INSTITUTE OF FOLKLORE “MARKO CEPENKOV” - SKOPJE
Special Editions
Volume 49
Bone Veličkovski
MACEDONIAN-ENGLISH
AND
ENGLISH-MACEDONIAN
PARALLELS OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS
Skopje, 2002
Посебни изданија
Книга 49
Боне Величковски
МАКЕДОНСКО-АНГЛИСКИ
И
АНГЛИСКО-МАКЕДОНСКИ
ПОСЛОВИЧНИ ПАРАЛЕЛИ
Скопје, 2002
DEL I/PART I
MAKEDONSKO-ANGLISKI
POSLOVI^NI PARALELI
MACEDONIAN-ENGLISH PARALLELS
OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS
VOVED
So objavuvaweto na ovaa kniga imav namera da i' priop{tam na
nau~nata i po{irokata javnost trud so poslovici na makedonski i angliski jazik. Posebno se nadevam deka so nejzinoto publikuvawe }e
moè da otpo~ne edna skromna sorabotka so stru~wacite od oblasta na
poslovi~arstvoto od razli~ni zemji na svetot.
Minatite nekolku godini uspeav da sporedam pove}e od dve iljadi makedonski tradicionalni poslovici na tema vistina, pravda, solidarnost, doblest, qubov, kako i na neomilenite, no za àl neodminlivi
temi kako {to se lagata, omrazata, zavista itn., koi imaat ekvivalentna
ili identi~na srodnost so onie na angliski jazik. Se nadevam deka vo
dobar del od niv e ostvarena respektivnata prezentacija pred
~itatelite i eventualnite korisnici.
Za angliskata verzija koja korespondira so makedonskiot korpus
se pronajdeni sli~nite ili istite poslovici za istite ~ove~ki doblesti, mani i sostojbi. Trudot e zamislen kako mal pridones vo koj bi se
promoviral duhot na univerzalnosta, so cel da se pokaè deka kaj razli~nite civilizacii i nacionalnite kulturi postojat zaedni~ki i istovetni vrednosti. So toa istovremeno se potvrduva poznatata teza na
humanistite za potrebata od sorabotka me|u narodite, istaknuvaj}i ja po
kojznae koj pat premisata deka vo razli~ni op{testva, od onie {to se
najblisku do prirodata pa se' do najrazvienite, nasekade vo svetot nu`no
e da se zboruva vistinata, da se bide hrabar, da im se pomaga na nemo}nite, da se bide velikodu{en i dobar, a da se bide zol i da im se nanesuvaat povredi i navredi na drugite, da se krade i da se bide sebi~en
ne se doblesti {to bi trebalo da se na cena vo ovie vremiwa na krupni
promeni {to so golema brzina se slu~uvaat na globalen plan. Ostanuvam
so uverenieto deka vakviot potfat }e naide na odek vo naporite, veruvam ne naprazno, da i' se zastane na patot na moralnata relativnost so
{to }e se podobri humanisti~kiot stav za univerzalnata dimenzija na
se~ija tatkovina oddelno.
ŽSo na~inot na koj e prezentiran materijalot bi se pokaàlo
deka sekoj narod budno ja ~uva i se griì za svojata obi~ajna, moralna i
jazi~na tradiciska osobenost i deka toa e vo soobraznost so nastojuvawata na drugite narodi, za{to na{ite kulturni pridobivki so vekovi i'
pripa|aat na istata civilizaciska tradicija. Humanisti~kite, moralnite vrednosti se nao|aat vo civilizaciskoto nasledstvo na sekoj narod.
Duhot na univerzalnosta e vsaden vo rodnokrajnosta na site narodi.
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Site nie u~estvuvame vo nasledstvoto koe im pripa|a na mnogu nacii na
svetot, a go spodeluva i cela Evropa ~ij del sme i nie.
Se razbira, site lu|e ne sekoga{ se dràt do istite zaedni~ki
vrednosti. No bitno e da se znae deka lu|eto se svesni za toa deka sekoja
civilizacija }e se raspadne vo slu~aj koga poro~noto, la`noto stanuva
pravilo na odnesuvawe. Istata taa Evropa, pa taka i nie, nastojuvame da
vostanovime stabilni moralni vrednosti kako i da imame seriozni i
silni li~nosti, koi ne samo so zborovi tuku i so dela, }e pobudat nade`
vo eden svet vo koj }e vladeat moralni vrednosti vo koi radikalno }e
bidat otstraneti pri~inite za otstustvoto na ~ove~koto dostoinstvo,
tolku devalvirano i svedeno na negovata re~isi totalna negacija, da
zavladee pravoto so koe }e bide garantirano postoeweto na vistinski
~ove~ki i human ìvot. 1
U{te edna{, ovoj obid da se pretstavi samo del od makedonskoto
tradicionalno duhovno bogatstvo, vo koe nedvosmisleno se povtoruva i
varira lajtmotivot za ~ove~nosta, }e bide skromen prilog kon progresivnite dvièwa {to ne' motiviraat na{ata egzistencija da se obideme
da ja izdigneme na edno pohumano nivo.
Komparatisti~kite aspekti i metodskiot pluralizam vo paremiolo{kite istraùvawa
Za oblasta na paremiologijata, kako i za drugite oblasti od
folkloristikata voop{to, se nametnuva i pra{aweto za zna~eweto na
komparatizmot vo naukata, a za usnata literatura posebno, ~ija cel e
odgovorot na slednite nepoznati: kako, so koja namera i na koj na~in so
taa postapka moè da se sogleda sloènata problematika na paremiologijata, odnosno, {to moè pri istraùvawata da se sogleda, a {to da se
previdi.
Najpogodna po~va za komparativnite istraùvawa i teorijata na
varijantite, osven proznite oblici na usnata narodna knièvnost so
svojata {iroko razviena i interesna raskaùva~ka motivika i tematika, pretstavuvaat i paremiolo{kite formi. 2 Komparatizmot, i kako
metoda i kako koncepcija, na podra~jeto na paremiolo{kite istraùvawa seu{te ne go postignal zasluènoto mesto koe{to ve}e dominantno se nametnal kako edinstven nau~no meritoren na~in na is1
Božica Sedli}, Lijepa lijepu donosi : Rječnik poslovica na dvadeset različitih europskih jezika, Zagreb,
Matica Hrvatska, 2001.
2
Tvrtko ûbeli}, Povijest i historija usmene narodne knjièvnosti: Historijske i literarno-teorijske
osnove te genolo{ki aspekti - Analiti~ko-sintet~ki pogledi, Zagreb, 1988, str. 188-196.
−9−
VOVED
traùvawe vo ostanatite ànrovi na narodnata literatura, kako so
svoite zna~ajni taka i zavidni rezultati, ne samo vo visoko razvienite
anglosaksonski nau~ni institucii, tuku i vo istraùva~kite centri na
slednite dràvi koi se poznati po nesomneniot pridones vo folkloristikata: Ruskata Federacija, Estonija, Latvija, Letonija i, sekako, Finska.
Poa|aj}i od pove}epati potvrdenata logi~ka premisa deka
pome|u predmetot na prou~uvawe i negovata metodska obrabotka mora da
postojat vnatre{ni i relevantni logi~ki korelacii, za prisustvoto na
komparativniot aspekt na podra~jeto na paremiolo{kite formi ima
opravdani pri~ini, {to e usloveno od: 1) sloènosta na paremiolo{kata gra|a kako po jazi~niot karakter, formalno-poetskiot, kulturno-istoriskiot, literarno-istoriskiot i nacionalno-istoriskiot
karakter i 2) raznovidnite vlijanija od pobliskite i podale~enite kulturi. Vo pojavata, kontinuitetot i opstojuvaweto na paremiologijata,
pokraj mnogu va`nite komponenti na motivite, temite i samata proverbijalna gra|a, deluvaat i drugi zna~ajni i presudni faktori. Paremiolo{kite oblici se sloèni proizvodi na umot koi go pretpostavuvaat
postoeweto na cela niza ~initeli pred nivnata pojava, cela serija komponenti vo procesot na nivniot postanok i oblikuvawe.
Iako naslovot go najavuva komparativniot aspekt vo istraùvaweto na poslovicite na respektivnite jazici, makedonskiot i
angliskiot, toj ne e i ekskluzivniot priod na prou~uvawe, bidej}i problemot na paremiologijata vo svojata su{tina e problem na interdisciplinarnite vidovi, na raznorodnite metodolo{ki priodi i ne e mo`no da
se ostane vo ramkite na op{tite etnolo{ki koncepcii, a so toa i na
nejzinite komparativni ispituvawa bez da postoi obid uspe{no da se
re{ava problematikata na narodnite poslovici i pogovorki, koja{to
pretstavuva samo eden mal del od delokrugot na etnolo{kite problemi.
So toa se otvara moderniot problem na metodolo{kiot pluralizam, bidej}i se' pove}e stanuva izrazena potrebata od poinakov metodolo{ki priod vo prou~uvaweto na preostanatite problemi. Samo edna
edinstvena metodska obrabotka vodi kon ednostranost i o~igledno kon
necelosni zaklu~oci. Na takov na~in, zna~itelno se stesnuva osoznavaweto na odreden knièven fenomen vo negovata polnova`nost i
sloènost.
Sepak, potrebata od komparativni prou~uvawa na paremiolo{kite formi e rakovodena od mo`nosta za proniknuvawe vo nekoi
skrieni elementi na narodnite poslovici, pogovorki i sli~ni paremiolo{ki oblici do ~ie otkrivawe ne bi moèlo da se dojde so nikakvi
op{ti studii nitu so prou~uvawe na regionalnite i nacionalnite proverbijalni korpusi: na primerot na edna poslovica ili pogovorka i nejzinoto {irewe niz vekovite i kontinentite, vo site aspekti na nejzi-
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Bone Veli~kovski
nite sitni, naizgled bezna~ajni, a navistina mnogu karakteristi~ni izmeni koi{to nastanale vo tekot na pove}evekovnite vrski me|u narodite i nivniot istoriski razvoj, moè da se po~uvstvuva vistinskiot
puls na folklornoto knièvno tvore{tvo. Tokmu na toj primer moè da
se nabljuduva kako se kr{at ramkite na tesniot nacionalen egocentrizam koj{to sekoja folklorna tvorba ja gleda kako iskonski proizvod na
svojot sopstven nacionalen genij, pri koj{to do{le do izraz i onie sekoga{ vitalni tvore~ki pridonesi, {to sekoj narod oddelno na poseben
na~in gi vnesuva vo oblikuvaweto na me|unarodnata folklorna tradicija.
Zna~i, od celokupiot korpus na makedonskoto narodno
tvore{tvo, eden zna~aen negov del go so~inuva i poslovi~noto
tvore{tvo. No toa mu e malku poznato ili sosema nepoznato na ostanatiot svet. Za da se izleze od takvata zatvorenost treba da se iskoristi
momentumot koga {iroko ni' se otvoreni vratite vo ova vreme na globalni slu~uvawa, koi{to predizvikuvaat i neizbe`ni promeni na
po{irok plan. Zapoznavaweto na ostanatiot svet so na{eto poslovi~no
bogatstvo e ostvarlivo preku negovoto pretstavuvawe na angliski jazik,
kako edna od direktnite mo`nosti za neposredna afirmacija vo svetot,
bidej}i zna~eweto na ovoj svetski jazik kako svoevidna lingua franca vo
svetski ramki e pove}e od o~igledno.
Selektiraniot korpus na makedonski poslovici so adekvatnite
angliski ekvivalenti e podreden azbu~no, odnosno abecedno, a sekoja
poslovica ili grozd od poslovici nosi soodveten reden broj zaradi nivno polesno nao|awe, potpomognato od priloènite indeksi.
Prevodot ne e striktna verbalna interpretacija, zatoa {to poslovicata moè da ja prenesuva istata poraka so drugi zborovi, {to
zna~i deka treba da go sodrì nejzinoto to~no zna~ewe.
Za osobenosta na makedonskite poslovici
Ograni~eni na usnoto izrazuvawe i kolektivnoto pomnewe, Makedoncite uspeale da so~uvaat zna~itelen del od svoite tradicionalni
poslovici, pogovorki i frazeolo{ki izrazi koi{to glavno se odnesuvaat na nekoi pojavi, predmeti i situacii koi{to pak, od svoja strana,
odigrale va`na i odlu~uva~ka uloga vo nivniot na~in na ìveewe. Bidej}i poslovicite i poslovi~ni izrazi pretstavuvaat vaèn del od makedonskoto folklorno nasledstvo, mojata cel be{e da navedam nekoi pozabeleìtelni poslovi~ni primeri koi se koristat denes i koi{to slobodno moàt da vlezat vo eden relevanten paremiolo{ki korpus.
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VOVED
Bidej}i poslovicite se folkloren ànr, tie prvenstveno cirkuliraat me|u narodot po usten pat, pa ottuka ovoj potfat bi trebalo da se
nabljuduva vo sklad so nekoi porane{ni opservacii koi{to go postuliraat postoeweto na razli~ni analiti~ki ramni{ta na folklornite pojavi, vklu~uvaj}i gi i nivoata na "tekstot" i " teksturata" na specifi~niot op{testven, socijalen i interakciski "kontekst". Nemo`no e
da se odredi opsegot na zna~eweto na poslovicata bez da se povikame na
kontekstualnite faktori. Takvata situacija uslovuva upotrebata na
poslovicata da zavisi od dva razli~ni tesno povrzani procesa, imeno:
1) Procesot koj{to ja povrzuva proverbijalnata situacija za
kontekstualnata situacija i
2) înot na govoreweto so primena na poslovicata vo interakciska situacija.
Se ~ini deka vrz osnova na ovaa {ema, moè da se diferencira
konceptot na funkcijata na poslovicata kako folkloren ànr, koja{to,
vsu{nost se analizira na razli~ni na~ini pri istraùvaweto na poslovicite.
Za poimot na poslovi~nite tipovi
Sega nekolku op{ti zabele{ki vo vrska so problemite za poslovi~nite tipovi i kompilacijata na tekstovite za nau~no prezentirawe na zbirkite so poslovici, za sistematizacijata na nacionalnite
korpusi na poslovici, za istraùva~ite i nivnite metodi, za varijantite i razvojot na nivnata op{testvena sodrìna i umetni~ki formi,
kako i za paremiolozite koi se zanimavaat so komparativnoto istraùvawe na poslovicite.
Vsu{nost, terminot 'poslovi~en tip' retko se sre}ava vo paremiolo{kata literatura, a u{te poretko se rasprava za negovata
sodrìna, iako niz prou~uvawata na klasifikatorite na narodnite
prikazni ili drugite folklorni ànrovi, ne e te{ko toj da se definira. Se raboti za set od nacionalni varijanti (na me|unarodno nivo stanuva zbor za pove}ejazi~ni ekvivalenti) na edna odredena poslovica. 3
Vo tekstovite do poslovici podatocite od nekolku ramni{ta
~esto se isprepletuvaat, povtoruvaat ili se sovpa|aat na izvesen na~in,
od edna, ili pak se oddale~uvaat i se razvivaat vo oddelni nasoki, od
3
Setot se podrazbira uslovno, bidej}i e apsolutno nemo`no da se opfatat site porane{ni
i sega{ni zapisi na poslovici i slu~aite koga tie se koristele vo pi{ana forma. Koga se
sistematiziraat poslovicite i se vr{i kompilacija od fundamentalni izdanija, obi~no
se koristat raspoloìvite tekstovi od rakopisnite zbirki i najva`nite objaveni izvori.
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Bone Veli~kovski
druga strana. Poradi toa, voop{to ne e lesno da se ima jasen uvid vo toa
kako moè da se odredi krajot na edna poslovica i po~etokot na druga.
Pri klasifikacijata na poslovicite i nivnoto podreduvawe za sistematizirano publikuvawe, moè da se primenat najrazli~ni postapki.
Moè da se sretnat kontradiktornosti vo teoretskite prou~uvawa, odnosno pri samata sistematizacija na tekstovite, vo vovednite zabele{ki pri objavuvaweto na poslovicite i vo posebnite trudovi za
niv. Vo nekoi pozna~ajni studii, paremiolozite ve}e se osvrnale na
problemot za poslovi~niot tip i toa do izvesen stepen, za sistematiziraweto na poslovicite, vo glavni crti, za avtorskata koncepcija na tipot kako i za mo`nostite za klasifikacija na poslovicite.
Poznatiot amerikanski paremiolog Ar~er Tejlor e prviot {to
go vovel terminot 'poslovi~en tip'. Vo negovata kniga Za poslovicata, 4
objavena vo 1931 godina, koja{to doìvea {iroko me|unarodno priznanie, toj se zanimava so poslovicite kako me|unarodna pojava od razli~ni
aspekti, koristej}i primeri od angliski, germanski, latinski i francuski dela. Osvrnuvaj}i se na poslovicata kako sopstvenost na pove}e
nacionalni kulturi, toj ekvivalentite od edna ista izreka izrazena na
eden odreden jazik ili na nekolku jazici gi narekuva 'varijanti' na poslovicata, dodeka setot na varijantite go imenuva kako 'tip'. Diskutiraj}i za na~inite na varijacijata, Tejlor ukaùva na raznoobraznosta na
nekoi specifi~ni detali i na glavnite osobenosti na poslovicite, kako
i na vol{ebnite prikazni, baladite ili drugite folklorni vidovi. Tie
se povrzani so nivnite sli~nosti, izrekite se pro{ireni bilo so udvojuvawe na analogiite ili so dodavawe na kontrastivni elementi ili so
promena na zastarenite i nerazbirlivi detali.
Finskiot paremiolog Mati Kuusi ja podvlekuva va`nosta od
monografski analizi na oddelni, reprezentativni poslovici vo 1957
godina, a poslovicata ja nabljuduva kako set od varijanti, zapi{ani na
razli~ni mesta i vo razli~ni vremenski periodi. Toj go svrtel svoeto
vnimanie vrz grupite varijanti, koi{to se javuvaat kako primarni i
sekundarni. 5 Analizata i sporedbata na ekvivalentite, spored Kuusi,
moè da pomogne vo re{avaweto na problemite svrzani so potekloto na
pretstavata, evolucijata i op{testvenite funkcii na poslovicata. Vo
1965 godina toj ja iznesuva idejata za indeks na tipovi na me|unarodni
poslovici, 6 a vo 1966 godina toj gi predloùva glavnite kriteriumi i
termini za analiza na strukturata na poslovicata. 7 Toj gi istaknuva
4
Archer Taylor, The Proverb, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1931.
Matti Kuusi, Parömiologische Betrachtungen, FF Communications, no. 172: 1-52, Helsinki, 1957, pp.
47-48.
6
Matti Kuusi, "Suum cuique", Proverbium, no. 1, Helsinki, 1965, pp. 11-14.
7
Matti Kuusi, "Ein Vorschlag für die Terminologie der parömiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium,
no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.
5
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VOVED
komponentite {to ja opredeluvaat poslovicata na tri nivoa, a toa se: 1)
idejata, 2) strukturata 8 i 3) jadroto.
Kuusi se povikuva na tekstovite na razli~ni narodi kade{to
idejata i jadroto koincidiraat kako varijanti na edna ista poslovica.
Tekstovite povrzani so zaedni~kata ideja i struktura predlaga da se vikaat ekvistrukturalni sinonimni poslovici; tekstovite so ista struktura i so isto jadro vo porakata, no koi{to izrazuvaat razli~na ideja,
bi moèle da se nare~at kongruentni ili sli~ni poslovici. Vo trudot
toj se osvrnuva i na na~inite na razvojot na varijantite vo koi se inkorporirani dopolnitelni motivi, kontaminativni poslovici, a se
opi{ani i kompleksnite poslovici. Isto taka, toj pokaùva deka vo
varijantite nekoi elementi se komparativno stabilni, dodeka drugi se
podvi`ni.
Istovremeno se javuvaat redica teoretski studii i pra{awa vo
vrska so tekstovite, obiduvaj}i se da gi objasnat i prakti~no pokaàt
mo`nostite za sistematizirawe na poslovicite. Sovetskiot paremiolog Grigorij Permjakov eksperimentira vrz teorijata na klasifikacijata, Kuusi gi izloùva svoite proekti za indeksot na tipovi na
me|unarodni poslovici, a nekoi polemi~ni opservacii se objavuvaat od
estonskiot folklorist Arvo Krikman i latviskiot paremiolog Elza
Kokare.
Pri klasificiraweto na poslovicite na razli~ni narodi,
Permjakov ne obrnuva vnimanie na toa dali se internacionalni ili ne.
Toj gi grupira ruskite prevodi na poslovicite na isto~nite narodi
spored logi~ko-semioti~kite karakteristiki koi, pokraj drugoto, nastojuva da se sovpadnat so t.n. relevantni parovi. Analiziraj}i gi raznite aspekti na stroeòt na poslovicite kako znaci na soodvetni situacii ili me|uzavisnosti na predmetite, 9 Permjakov ja primenuva svojata
sopstvena {ema koja se temeli na Bregeloviot trud "Poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi na isto~nite narodi" 10 i na razni drugi tekstualni primeri. Vo negoviot sistem se izdeferencirani ~etiri klasi na situacii
ili situaciski invarijanti, vklu~uvaj}i gi postoe~kite i mo`ni na~ini
na generalizacija izrazeni vo vid na poslovica.
Podeluvaj}i go materijalot na dva dela, Permjakov gi pretstavuva tekstovite vo dva oddela vo negovoto posledno izdanie na poslovicite i poslovi~nite izrazi na isto~nite narodi. Obrazuvanite grupi go
so~inuvaat prviot oddel. Negovata su{tina e opi{ana vo podnaslovot:
8
S. Neumann predlaga terminot 'struktura" {to go koristi Kuusi, zemaj}i gi predvid sintaksi~kite formi na re~enicata da se zameni so zborot 'formula', "Zur Terminologie der
parömiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 6, Helsinki, 1966, p.130.
9
GrigoriŸ PermÔkov, Poslovicì i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Moskva, 1979, str. 17.
10
"Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases of Oriental Nations", In: Poslovicì i pogovorki narodov
Vostoka, Somr. by Yu. Bregel, Moscow, 1971.
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Bone Veli~kovski
"Poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi na isto~nite narodi, podredeni spored
vidot na vnatre{nite vrski {to postojat me|u ne{tata, so pomo{ na
logi~kata transformacija". Vo vtoriot oddel tekstovite se podeleni na
predmetni grupi, a pomalite oddeli vo dvata dela se izrazeni niz metatekstovi.
Kuusi go kritikuva sistemot na Permjakov, objavuvaj}i gi svoite
sopstveni proekti za indeksot na tipovi na internacionalni poslovici. Toj istaknuva deka i heterogenite poslovici spa|aat vo tipovite
opfateni od Permjakoviot sistem 11 i zaklu~uva deka da se pronajde edna
dadena poslovica spored ovoj sistem e kako da se bara igla vo plast seno. 12 Vo svoite proekti M. Kuusi ne dava opis na stukturata na celiot
planiran indeks (makrostuktura), tuku naveduva ilustracija za bazi~nite delovi (mikrostruktura). Zemaj}i go predvid faktot deka sekoja poslovica se sostoi od podatoci koi se odnesuvaat na pove}e nivoa,
pri baraweto na stabilnite nivoa na univerzalnata skala, Kuusi go
opi{uva tipot vo eden od negovite najelaborirani proekti koi se odnesuvaat na vrskite na binarnite opozicii.
A. Krikman go naglasi prisustvoto na osnovnoto i komplementarnoto zna~ewe na ovie sistemi, kako i faktot deka tie se odnesuvaat
na formulai~nite opisi vo odnos na klasifikacijata na poslovi~nite
tekstovi. 13 Toj isto taka ukaùva na nekoi neadekvanosti i somnitelnosti vo odnos na dvata sistema. Neiscrpnosta na semanti~kite karakteristiki i obrascite na hierarhiskite sistemi predizvikaa ogromni
somnevawa. Kako {to na toa gleda samiot Krikman, poetskata kako i
folkloristi~kata strana na poslovicite strada i vo dvata sistema.
Poslovicite ne se logi~ki ili filozofski iskazi tuku frazi koi so
sebe go nosat prenosnoto zna~ewe. Toj veli deka e somnitelno dali
voop{to ima "nekakva osnova da se zboruva za postoewe na poslovi~nite
zna~ewa kako "potencijalnosti", pokraj onie realni zna~ewa {to tie gi
imaat ili gi imale vo tradicijata na nekoi konkretni narodi, kulturi,
itn." Poslovicite se sloèni strukturi, a metatekstovite pretstaveni
vo opisite na tipovite ne se sposobni da gi opi{at site odnosi koi se
manifestiraat vo poslovicite. Koga bi se obidele da dademe eden
iscrpen opis na edna semanti~ka struktura, toga{ takviot opis bi stanal mnogu kompliciran i ne bi moèl da se razbere. Me|utoa, toj jasno bi
pokaàl deka "apstrahiraweto i generaliziraweto na poslovi~niot
semanti~ki opis ne e ni{to drugo osven izvlekuvawe na izvesna sup11
Matti Kuusi, "How Can a Type-index of International Proverbs Be Outlined?", Proverbium, no. 15,
Helsinki, 1970, pp. 473-476.
12
Matti Kuusi, "Towards an International Type-system of Proverbs", Proverbium, no. 19, Helsinki, 1972,
pp. 699-736.
13
Arvo Krikmann, "Some difficulties arising at semantic classifying of proverbs", Proverbium, no. 23,
Helsinki, 1974, pp. 865-879.
− 15 −
VOVED
struktura ili odredena relacija od celosnata stuktura na smetka na
prekinuvaweto na nejzinite vrski so ona {to ostanalo od nea (odnosno
zapostavuvawe na site drugi semanti~ki informacii)". Krikman zabeleàl deka mnogu sli~ni celini vo Permjakovoto delo moàt da se
smestat pod razli~ni klasi i deka nekoi klasi se povtoruvaat edni so
drugi. 14
E. Kokare go nabljuduva sistemot na Permjakov od aspekt na
komparativnata paremiologija. Taa smeta deka negovata kniga glavno e
korisna i se bazira vrz striktni kriteriumi, iako ne moè da ne
podleì na izvesni kritiki. Spored nea, naslovite na oddelite i pododdelite vo knigata na Permjakov se premnogu apstraktni vo mnogu
slu~ai, oddale~eni od umetni~kite generalizacii na poslovicite
koi{to sodràt figurativni zna~ewa. 15 Kombiniraj}i gi dvata kriteriuma (logi~kiot i lingvisti~kiot) pri grupiraweto na tekstovite,
Permjakov ne moèl da go izbegne povtoruvaweto. Taa zabeleùva samo
nekolku slu~ai na isti primeri koi moàt da potpadnat pod razli~ni
oddeli. Premnogu vnimanie i' e posveteno na modalnosta na re~enicite;
premnogu mali podgrupi se obrazuvani. Mnogu razli~ni primeri mu se
pripi{uvaat na eden ist tip. Naslovite ponekoga{ obvrzuvaat na nekoi
specifi~ni zna~ewa koi{to tie ne gi poseduvaat. Tuka Kokare diskutira i za pra{aweto za dimenzijata na sodrìnata na tipot. Taa istaknuva
deka samo celosnite tipovi, vklu~itelno i sinonimnite poslovici i
nivnite varijanti, otkolku oddelnite varijanti na poslovicite, mora da
bidat vklu~eni pri publiciraweto na sporedbenite tekstovi. 16 Pri
sporedbenoto prou~uvawe na poslovicite, nacionalnite poslovici se
sporeduvaat so onie na drugite narodi. Vo toj slu~aj treba da se diskutira i za problemot na tipot, so formulirawe na slednite kriteriumi
pri definiraweto na tipot: 1) Sli~nosta na sintakti~kata i poetskata
struktura; 2) Semanti~kata adekvatnost na sistemot na pretstavi.
Stabilnosta na nekoi komponenti na obrazecot, na primer na
onoj od sintaksti~ka priroda, Kokare go opi{uva kako relativen, za{to
razli~ni varijanti i ekvivalenti vo kompleksot na tipot obi~no se
izrazeni so re~enici od nekolku modeli; podatocite od ostanatite ramni{ta, odnosno strukturata na poetskata slika se popostojani. Spored
Kokare, slu~aite kade{to se koristat poslovici so eden adekvaten
umetni~ki obrazec, a so razli~ni zna~ewa, se mnogu retki, iako ponekoga{ e nemo`no da se izbegne atribucijata na tekstovite, izrazena preku
istite motivi na pretstavata vrz razli~ni tipovi.
14
Ibid., p. 865.
ÏlÝza Kokare, "TeoriÔ i praktika sravnitelÝnoŸ paremiologii", Folklor: Obraz i
poeti~eskoe slovo v kontekste, Moskva, 1984, str. 274-289.
16
Ibid., str. 282.
15
− 16 −
Bone Veli~kovski
Problemite pri formulirawe na tipot se zasegnati so nekoi
aspekti vo teoretskite trudovi. Ungarskiot paremiolog Vilmo{ Voit,
pri analiziraweto na edna poslovica vo vid na pra{alnik, ja izloìl
idejata deka zna~ewata na poslovicite, izrazeni preku sosema adekvatni
lingvisti~ki formi variraat vo zna~itelna merka. 17 Nivnite situaciski funkcii zavisat i od t.n. situaciski varijanti.
Na eden ili na drug na~in, izobilstvoto od trudovi za analizata
na stukturata na poslovicata vodi kon problemot vo odnos na tipot. Taka, na primer, amerikanskiot folklorist Alan Dandis, vo potragata po
konstantni komponenti vo stukturata na poslovicata, naveduva koja bi
trebalo da bide osnovnata edinica pri strukturalnata analiza. Za taa
cel toj gi nabrojuva: pretstavata, zna~eweto ili formulata pri modeliraweto na poslovicata. Spored nego, poslednoto zasluùva najgolemo
vnimanie. 18 Toj go svrtuva vnimanieto kon faktot {to vo tekstovite ─
koi{to se sostojat od eden deskriptiven element i sodràt samo eden
predmet na interes i eden komentar ─ ne e mo`na opozicija. Toj ja obrazloùva nemo`nosta na principite na Permjakov i Kuusi vo odnos na
binarnite antipodi za da moàt da bidat primenlivi na site poslovici
vo procesot na nivnata klasifikacija.
Zna~aen pridones za razbiraweto na tipot se sre}ava kaj D.
Burkhart. Vo nejziniot trud za poslovicata kako primer od naukata za
komunikacijata i semiotikata, taa ukaùva na toa deka e beskorisno da
se otfrlaat klasifikaciskite indikacii od sferata na realnosta, kako
{to toa se slu~uvalo porano. 19 Materijalot go nudi samata stvarnost na
edno odredeno op{testvo i negovata kultura, odreduvaj}i ja su{tinata
na mikro i makro metaforite na poslovicite. Na toj na~in spomenatata
ideja na Permjakov indirektno e diskvalifikuvana, spored koja realnosta formira eden indiferenten konstrukciski materijal vo odnos na
klasifikacijata.
Pri prviot obid da se sostavi edna iscrpna publikacija na poslovici avtorite se sre}avaat so problemot na poslovicata kako kompleks od varijanti i nivnite internacionalni ekvivalenti. Nekoi sostavuva~i na poslovi~ni publikacii, na primer Duringsfeldovi, 20 obrnale pove}e vnimanie na pojavata spored koja ekvivalentite na poslovicata pretstavuvaat tekstovi koi ponekoga{ nudat razli~ni pretstavi,
17
Vilmos Voigt, "Variantenschichten eines ungarischen Proverbiums", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki,
1970, pp. 125-128.
18
Alan Dundes, "On the Structure of the Proverb", Proverbium, no. 25, Helsinki, 1975, pp. 961-973.
19
Dagmar Burkhart-Chatzeeliades, "Das Sprichwort als Factum der Kommunikationswissenschaft und
der Semiotik", Proverbium, no. 2, Helsinki, 1981, pp. 141-172.
20
O. F. Düringsfeld, I.; Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875, Leipzig, 1875.
− 17 −
VOVED
dodeka drugi sostavuva~i, na primer Vander, 21 mu daval prednost na
formalniot kriterium, drèj}i se edinstveno do principot na klu~ni
zborovi.
Kokare go sledi svojot sopstven princip na odreduvawe na tipot, za koj stanuva zbor vo nejzinata kniga so latviski i litvanski poslovici. Vo nea taa gi priklu~ila sinonimnite poslovici kon eden zaedni~ki tip i i' dava prednost na zaedni~kata ideja otkolku na edinstvoto
na slikovnata stuktura. Zatoa, pokraj tipovite vo koi spomenatata
srodnost od sintaksi~ka i poetska priroda e pove}e ili pomalku
po~uvstvuvana, se javuvaat akumulacii od tekstovi vo koi se manifestiraat pove}e razli~ni i nepovrzani poetski pretstavi.
Vo informacijata od me|unarodniot simpozium na paremiolozite objavena vo spisanieto Proverbium br. 25 od 1975 godina, na sostavuva~ite na nacionalni i regionalni publikacii na poslovici im se
prepora~uva da se rakovodat spored klasifikaciskite sitemi na Tili, 22
Vajting 23 i Adalberg-K{iànovski. 24 Kaj site ovie pra{awa so koi se
soo~uvaat avtorite, u~estvuvaat celi kompleksi od varijanti vo koi
glavnite elementi nosat poetski sliki i se pretstaveni kako nezavisni
poslovici. Eden zaedni~ki osnoven zbor e najden za sekoja poslovica
(tip); tipovite se metodski raspredeleni vo izdanieto, vodej}i smetka
za alfabetskoto podreduvawe na zborovite na soodvetniot jazik.
Bidej}i zbirkite objaveni od Vajting i Tili ne se golemi, sobranite tekstovi koi sodràt oddelni poslovici (tipovi) se umereno
ednostavni. Tekstovite vo tipovite se podredeni spored hronologijata
na izvorite. Adalberg-K{iànovskoto golemo izdanie na polski poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi, od druga strana, vklu~uva golemi grupi na
tekstovi koi sodràt oddelni poslovici. Tie se podeleni na pomali
oddeli, ozna~eni so bukvite na alfabetata; tekstovite vo pomalite delovi se ozna~eni hronolo{ki. Funkciite na osnovniot zbor gi imaat
zborovite {to naj~esto se povtoruvaat vo tekstovite, iako onie kaj koi
otsustvuva osnovniot zbor funkciite gi nosi celata poslovica, taka{to na toj na~in i tie se vklu~eni.
Materijalot od varijantite izbran spored ovoj princip gi
so~inuva tipovite poslovici, iako nitu Adalberg vo XIX-ot vek, nitu
21
Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander et al., Deutches Sprichwörter-Lexikon, vol. 1/1867, 2/1870, 3/1873, 4/
1876, 5/1880, Leipzig.
22
M. P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,
Michigan, 1950.
23
Proverbs, Sentences and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly Before 1500 by Barlett Jere
Whiting with the collaboration of Helen Wescott Whiting, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968.
24
Nowa ksiega przyslo'w i wyrazen przys lwiowych polskich, vol. I/ 1969, 2/1970, 3/1972, W oparciu o
dzielo Samuela Adalberga opracoval Zespol redakcyjny pod kierunkiem Juliana Krzyzanowskiego, Warsaw.
− 18 −
Bone Veli~kovski
K{iànovski vo negovata neodamna objavena publikacija go upotrebuvaat terminot 'tip'. I kako vo sekoja sistematizirana publikacija, nekoi diskutabilni i somnitelni slu~ai na povrzuvawe ili ispu{tawe na
tekstovite iskrsnuvaat tuka, no prakti~no sosema e nemo`no da se izbegnat vo sekoj sistem na klasifikacija.
Poslovicite se predmet na istraùvawe na folkloristite i
Permjakov gi opi{al kako predmet interesen i za lingvistite i filozofite-logi~ari. 25 Samiot toj bil mnogu zainteresiran za oformuvaweto na logi~kata misla vo poslovicite. 26 Istovremeno, treba da se istakne deka toj poslovicite ne gi klasificiral od folkloristi~ka
gledna to~ka. Poradi toa negovata metoda na sistematizacija ne soodvetstvuva pri istraùvaweto na poslovicite kako folklorni fenomeni. So izvesna rezerva bi moèlo da se re~e istoto i za principot na
sistematizacija prilagoden na globalniot indeks na poslovici na Kuusi, nesomneno korisen za istraùva~ite koi vo poslovicite gi baraat
na~inite za stilisti~ko-strukturalno modelirawe, zaedni~ki za site
narodi, iako so toa ne se vodi smetka za mnogu drugi komponenti na
strukturata na poslovicata, relevantni za folkloristite. Osnovata za
sistemot na Permjakov kako i za sistemot na Kuusi e oformena od podatocite za povisokite strukturni nivoa na poslovicata.
U{te od samite po~etoci na folkloristikata, istraùva~ite
najmnogu se interesirale za tradicionalnite zapleti, li~nostite kako
proizvodi na istoriskata stvarnost i op{testvenite odnosi, odrazeni
vo veruvawata, obi~aite, eti~kite i estetskite pogledi svrteni kon
takvite odnosi. Folkloristikata evoluira i se razvi kako nauka blagodarenie na sobiraweto, sistematiziraweto i prou~uvaweto na folklornoto nasledstvo, so koristewe na istoriskoto pametewe so~uvano
vo tradiciskata, umetni~kata i obrednata re~. Za drugite nauki, kako
{to se semiotikata, lingvistikata, sociologijata, psihologijata itn.,
folklorot e pomo{no sredstvo, izvor na ilustrativni primeri. Klasifikacijata na folklorot soglasno aspektite koi se va`ni za niv e mnogu ograni~ena. Od svoja strana pak, folkloristikata se bavi so istraùvawe na potekloto i razvitokot na folklornite edinici, so
problemite na nivnite vrski so etni~kite kulturi i bara metodi koi }e
bidat orientirani kon nejzinata su{tina.
Iako se mnogu razli~ni od drugite folklorni ànrovi vo odnos
na funkcijata i relacijata so op{testvenata stvarnost, poslovicite se,
pred se', folklorna pojava. Tie se tradicionalni kombinacii na umet25
GrigoriŸ PermÔkov, "O logi~eskom aspekte poslovic i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 10,
Helsinki, 1968, pp. 225-235.
26
GrigoriŸ PermÔkov, "O lingvisti~eskom aspekte poslovic i pogovorok", Proverbium, no.
11, Helsinki, 1968, str. 276-285.
− 19 −
VOVED
ni~kite zborovi, nivnata istorija go odrazuva razvojot na
op{testvenata i estetskata misla i tie se tesno povrzani so biografiite na razni etniciteti od po{irokite oblasti na kulturata. Pa zatoa, folkloristi~kiot aspekt dokaùva deka e najvaèn pri sistematizacijata na poslovicite.
Folklorot, koj{to se sostoi od pogolemite ànrovi kako {to
se prikaznite, predanijata, legendite, pesnite, baladite, e od narativna
priroda. Zapletot, koj{to e najva`nata komponenta na nacionalnite
varijanti i nivnite internacionalni ekvivalenti, e jadroto na sekoe
kreativno delo, osnovnata komponenta na umetni~kata struktura. Pri
analiziraweto na tekstualnite varijanti so pomo{ na komparativnata
metoda se stignuva do najdlabokite sloevi na minatoto. Tekstovite na
zaedni~kite zapleti se pretstaveni vo katalozite kako tipovi. Terminot 'tip' bil za prvpat primenet so takvoto zna~ewe pri teoretskata
analiza samo na prikaznite, a podocna e koristen i za ostanatite narativni ànrovi. Katalozite na narativniot folklor naj~esto se narekuvani katalozi na tipovi, a me|unarodnite broevi na tipovi vovedeni vo
niv se pogodni za komparativno istraùvawe.
Za taka mali i op{ti edinici kako {to se poslovicite, bi bilo
neefikasno da se vovede numeracija na me|unarodno ramni{te, a od druga strana, verbalnite formuli na oddelni poslovici ne se podolgi od
samo nekolku zborovi, koi{to pak se lesno pomlivi i vedna{ ja otkrivaat su{tinata na deloto. Vo tradicijata na oddelni narodi prili~en
broj na poslovici, isklu~itelno nacionalni ili zaedni~ki se koristat
kaj mnogu bliskite ili srodni jazici, pa taka me|unarodnite tipovi bi
moèle da se izgubat me|u niv. Glavnite kriteriumi pri razlikuvaweto
na tipot, me|utoa, treba da bidat konkretni, postojani i lesno potvrdeni kako pri klasifikacijata na drugite folklorni ànrovi.
Se ~ini deka Kuusi ve}e diskutiral i gi ilustriral ovie elementi i toa mnogu jasno vo pogore spomenatite sugestii vo vrska so
pra{awata za paremiologijata; 27 me|utoa, poradi nemu poznati pri~ini
toj gi zapostavil pri podgotvuvaweto na me|unarodniot indeks na poslovi~nite tipovi. Toj tvrdi deka tekstovite, povrzani so zaedni~kata
ideja i jadroto, treba da bidat sfateni kako varijanti na edna ista poslovica. Sledstveno, tie gi so~inuvaat osnovnite edinici na tipot. Vo
negovite primeri jadroto e motivot, zaedni~ko za site varijanti, obrazuvaj}i soodvetna metafora kaj poslovicite nositeli na slikata ili
pretstavata i postojaniot argument na neumetni~kata generalizacija kaj
niv se sfa}a bukvalno.
27
no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.
− 20 −
Bone Veli~kovski
Idejata, t.e. mislata izrazena preku umetni~kata slika ili neumetni~kata generalizacija vo tekstovite na istoto verbalno jadro
obi~no e istata. Toa e odredeno od ~udesnata sposobnost na jazikot kako
sredstvo za kodirawe na mislite za ograni~uvawe i regulirawe na denotativnite i konotativnite zna~ewa na zborovite i nivnite kombinacii
vo soodvetni konteksti. Toa ja otstranuva opasnosta od nedorazbirawe
vo slu~aite na t.n. slobodni ili konstantni kombinacii na zborovite.
Toa e pri~inata {to vo primerite analizirani od Kuusi, t.n. kongruentni tekstovi, t.e. onie so ista struktura i jadro, a koi{to izrazuvaat
razli~ni idee, se mnogu retki.
Sinonimnite poslovici se sosema druga rabota. Tekstovite,
povrzani so zaedni~ki ili sli~ni idei, a imaat razli~no jadro, se ~esti.
Kako {to toa taka ubedlivo e izrazeno vo primerite na Kuusi, tie ne
obrazuvaat edna i ista poslovica. Idejata, predmetot i semantikata se
derivativni, apstrahirani komponenti na strukturata od najvisoko nivo. Tie stanuvaat zaedni~ki crti koga }e se ottrgnat od konkretnata
slika.
Spomenatite sostavuva~i na publikacii na poslovi~nite tekstovi ja sogledale bazi~nata komponenta koja ja oformuva poslovicata na
ist na~in kako Kuusi. Samiot materijal namenet za istraùva~ite koi
rabotele individualno ja smetale poslovicata kako akumulacija na varijanti. Ve}e vo XIX-ot vek ovaa ideja skoro bila dostignata od sostavuva~ite na golemite publikacii, kako Vander, avtorot na golemata zbirka na germanski poslovici, 28 Duringsfeldovi, avtorite na sporedbenoto
izdanie na poslovici na germanski i romanski jazici. 29 Vo poslednite
desetletija od XIX-ot vek istiot princip na tipsko oblikuvawe konsistentno e primenuvano i potvrduvano od estonskite sostavuva~i na sporedbeni zbirki i nacionalna edicija na poslovi~ni tekstovi. 30
Jadroto na slikata na poslovicata e fraza, koja{to e oformena
od strukturata na verbalnite varijanti. Toa e konkretna i relativno
stabilna edinica, lesno dostapna i podatna za opservacija, na koja moè
da i' se opredeli organskoto edinstvo na slikata i potekloto na iskazot. Zborovite se kodovi na realnosta i apstrakni poimi koi i' pripa|aat na kategorijata od poniskite ramni{ta na stukturata. Zborovite
i nivnite kombinacii obrazuvaat konkretna i stabilna osnova tekstovite da moàt da se sporeduvaat, da se pravat paraleli ili da se anali28
1876, 5/1880, Leipzig.
29
I. Düringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig.
30
Vadja vanasõnad eesti, soome, karjala ja vene vastetega, Somr. by Vaina Mälk. Tallinn, 1976; Liivi
vanasõnad eesti, vadja ja läti vastetega, vol. 1-2, Somr. by Vaina Mälk, Tallinn, 1981; Eesti vanasõnad,
vol. 1/1980, 2/1983, 3/1985, Tallinn, 1985.
− 21 −
VOVED
ziraat nivnite razliki, t.e. da se organiziraat tipovite na poslovici.
Semanti~kite podatoci, na primer, za onie od povisokite nivoa se derivativni. Istraùva~ite, a naj~esto samite korisnici, moè da se
slu~i razli~no da gi tolkuvaat poslovicite, duri i na kontradiktoren
na~in. Posmatraj}i gi kako vistinski kriterium za sistematizacija,
nemo`no e da se izbegne opasnosta od razli~no razbirawe i potekloto
na idejata. Tie se premnogu op{ti i {iroki za da se dobie opis na tipot
kako organsko edinstvo.
Iskustvoto od sistematiziraweto i prou~uvaweto na poslovicite, a osobeno od sostavuvaweto na sporedbeni izdanija na tekstovi na
poslovici, pokaùva deka podatocite za povr{inskata struktura na
tekstovite redovno se povtoruva ili se javuva ne samo kaj nacionalnite
(ednojazi~ni) tuku i kaj me|unarodnite (mnogujazi~ni) tipovi na poslovici. Zaedni~kite motivi vo srodnite jazici, a isto taka vo onie koi
pripa|aat na razli~ni jazi~ni familii se sozdadeni pri koristeweto
na ista ili sli~na realnost i apstraktni poimi, izrazuvaj}i gi leksi~kite ekvivalenti. Tie se modelirani so pomo{ na re~enici so analogni sintaksi~ki konstrukcii. Kolku po{iroko poslovicata e rasprostraneta vo razli~ni jazici i kulturni zoni, dotolku pogolem e brojot
na varijantite, adaptaciite ili regionalnite verzii nastanati od nea.
Me|utoa, edinstvoto na glavnite komponenti, vospostavuvaweto na
strukturata na slikata e, sepak, o~igledno. Toa e dokaàno vo mnogu
slu~ai so zabele{kite, objasnuvaweto na zna~ewata na umetni~kite
tekstovi i situaciite pri nivnoto koristewe kaj mnogu zbirki na poslovici.
Sosema jasen koncept na strukturniot tip na popularnite
me|unarodni poslovici moè da se sretne pri konsultacija na sporedbenoto izdanie na Duringsfeldovi, vo koe e napravena paralela na izvesen
broj na ekvivalentni poslovici na romanskite i germanskite jazici. 31
So cel da se elaborira ovaa misla, pretstavena e strukturata na edna
me|unarodna i osobeno stara poslovica, a koja glasi: "Koj kopa grob na
drugogo, sam pa|a u nego" (MNU 3032) ili "Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam
(toj) padvit vo nego" (MNU 3034); (br. 846 od I del od aktuelnava kniga).
Poslovicata e zemena od Sv. Pismo i nejzinoto prenosno zna~ewe glasi:
"Koj misli ili mu gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego". Site
evropski narodi gi znaat nejzinite ekvivalenti, a se sre}ava i na
Bliskiot Istok. Jadroto na poslovicata se sostoi od temata na kopawe
grob ili jama vo koja pa|a samiot nejzin kopa~. Taa se sre}ava vo mnogu
varijanti so menuvawe na mestata na nejzinite komponenti, a isto taka
organski ima mnogu zaedni~ki elementi vo odnos na strukturata na ti31
I. Düringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig.
− 22 −
Bone Veli~kovski
pot. Edinstvoto na idejata na ekvivalentite ubedlivo e izrazena preku
kontekstot vo Biblijata ili vo nekoi drugi izvori ako se koristi vo
bilo koja druga koherentna narativa. Edinstvoto na jadroto na pretstavata vo site verzii e isto taka o~igledno. Poimot razli~ni verzii, so
kombinacija na motivite implicira deka samo kopaweto na jama postojano se javuva. Edinstvenata razlika se sostoi vo toa {to komponentata
na kopaweto jama se sfa}a pove}e kako umetni~ki argument dodeka
pa|aweto vo nea se podrazbira kako umetni~ko voop{tuvawe ili predupreduvawe. Glavno, vo odnos na verziite izrazeni na razli~ni na~ini i
so razli~ni vidovi na re~enici, od edna strana gi sogleduvame adekvatnite razliki na modalitetot na iskazite kodirani od niv, no vo zavisnost od jazi~niot kontekst i ekstralingvisti~kite situacii od druga
strana.
Pri nabljuduvaweto na korelacijata na ekvivalentite, mo`no e
da se pretpostavi postoeweto na nekoi osobenosti na nadvore{nata
struktura uslovena od istoriskiot razvoj i etni~koto okruùvawe.
Faktot {to edna verzija se zdobila so golem broj na ekvivalenti vo
evropskite jazici ne' tera na pomislata deka nejziniot lingvisti~ki
model moè da bide osnovata na najstarata poslovica. No ne site verzii
stanuvaat popularni do taa merka kaj site jazici.
Ako jadroto na pretstavata se podrazbere kako fundamentalna
komponenta na strukturata na poslovicata, a samo onie tekstovi vo koi
jadroto se povtoruva se narekuvaat varijanti i ekvivalenti na poslovicata, toga{ e nesoodvetno da se nadopolnuva tipskata kompozicija so
poslovici izrazeni so drugi, iako sli~ni, motivi. Zatoa, tekstovite vo
koi se sodrì motivot za kopaweto grob/jama se razlikuvaat od onie vo
koi istata ideja e izrazena, na primer, so pretstavite za postavuvawe
stapica: "Narodite padnaa vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to
ja stavija tajno, ja fati nivnata noga." (Sirah 27, 26; Psalmi 9, 15; (br.
1223 od I del na knigava). Nejzinite ekvivalenti se sre}avaat vo poslovicite na mnogu evropski jazici 32 .
I dvata kompleksa od ekvivalenti i varijanti, iako bliski na
ramni{teto na semantikata, funkcioniraat nezavisno u{te od najstari
vremiwa. Nivnite sliki, koi{to izrazuvaat razli~na realnost i sosema
poinakvi poimi, ~esto se koristeni na paralelen na~in vo eden ist jazik. Tie ne moàt da se smetaat kako dve modulacii na edna ista slika,
bidej}i na niv se primenuvaat razli~ni metafori. Izrazuvaj}i ja istata
ideja, tie moàt da posluàt kako supstituti, no nikoga{ ne se povtoruvaat slikovnite motivi na drugite. Poradi toa, bi bilo zgodno da se
nazna~at semanti~kite vrski na dvata tipa vo klasifikaciskiot sistem,
no nema pri~ina da se spojat vo eden zaedni~ki tip.
32
Za makedonskite varijanti vidi gi primerite br. 666 i 1248.
− 23 −
VOVED
Vo odnos na pogore iznesenoto, kako zaklu~ok bi moèlo da se
kaè slednoto:
1.
Prou~uvaweto na tipot kako osnovna edinica e eden od
prvite ~ekori vo sostavuvaweto na nau~ni zbirki na poslovici ili vo
nivnoto sporedbeno istraùvawe. Pravilnoto sfa}awe na osnovnata
komponenta na strukturata na poslovicata, konsistentnata referenca
kon nejzinite podatoci se uslovite koi{to odlu~uvaat za nau~nata
vrednost na takvata aktivnost. Komponentata {to ja pravi poslovicata
avtonmna edinica i ni' pruà mo`nost da ja razlikuvame od drugite
poslovici, e vsu{nost jadroto na umetni~kata slika, dodeka vo izrazite
koi{to go zadràle neposrednoto zna~ewe leì logi~kata kombinacija
na poimite. Nejzinata su{tina se ocenuva spored verbalnata struktura
na tekstot.
2.
Definiraj}i ja interakcijata na drugite komponenti i
jadroto vo negoviot teoretski trud za problemite na strukturata na
poslovicite, M. Kuusi sfatil deka jadroto e najva`nata komponenta
koja{to go obrazuva tipot. Znaej}i dobro deka materijalot treba da se
sistematizira, sostavuva~ite na najdobrite nau~ni zbirki na poslovici,
jadroto go smetale za osnovnata komponenta na poslovicata i se povikuvale na nego. Podatocite se koristeni i pri izrabotkata na katalozite
na repertoarot na nacionalnite poslovici. Zna~eweto na samoto jadro e
pokaàno vo sporedbenite studii na oddelni poslovici.
3.
Ocenuvaj}i go tipot spored komponentite koi{to im
pripa|a na povisokite strukturalni nivoa, neizbe`no e istraùva~ite
da zaskitaat vo neograni~enite dimenzii na zaedni~kite crti svojstveni na poslovicite. Sodrìnata na poimot na tipot stanuva premnogu
sloèna, izrazite, duri i od najrazli~no poteklo se zdobivaat so statusot na varijanti i ekvivalenti. Zatoa, istraùva~ot e prinuden da se
povika na edinstvoto od zna~ewa i na idejata, ako podatocite gi nadminuvaat granicite na edinstvoto na jadroto na slikata.
Pri sistematizacijata na tekstovite sekoga{ se javuvaat nekoi
somnitelni i nejasni slu~ai. Te{kotiite proizleguvaat pri nabljuduvaweto na isprepletenosta na motivi na jadroto, koi im se svojstveni na
razli~ni tipovi na poslovici, koi{to se soo~uvaat so kontaminacija,
koja{to ponekoga{ zna~itelno ja menuva slikata na poslovicata. Perifernite tekstovi koi{to egzistiraat vo opsegot na dva ili pove}e
tipovi doa|aat do poseben izraz. Seto toa go prinuduva istraùva~ot
uslovno da postapuva, da se odlu~i za nekoj od postoe~kite principi,
ili pak, da kombinira dva ili pove}e tipa. Me|utoa, toa ne go namaluva
zna~eweto na jadroto na porakata.
Ova e samo eden od obidite da se razjasnat nekoi aspekti na
problemot na primerot na eden kratok ànr kako {to e poslovicata i
na eden poim, poto~no poslovi~niot tip. Paremiologijata i paremio-
− 24 −
Bone Veli~kovski
grafijata dosega prvenstveno se koristele so ve}e objaveni izdanija na
poslovici (i prethodno sobrani rakopisni zbirki), kako i so arhivski
materijali kako svoi izvori. Ne mnogu narodi moàt da se pofalat so
poseduvawe na obemni folklorni arhivski materijali. Dve koncepcii
za tipolo{kata priroda na poslovicite stanaa poznati bladodarenie
pred se' na izvorniot materijal.
Od dotuka izloènoto se vide deka do neodamna, teoretskite istraùvawa na poslovicite i poslovi~nite izrazi predimno bea lingvisti~ki orientirani, so stavawe na akcentot pred se' na strukturalnite i semioti~kite aspekti na poslovicite prio|aj}i im od komparativen aspekt. êsto naveduvaniot sovetski lingvist i folklorist Grigorij Permjakov so objavuvaweto svoeto sega klasi~no delo "Od poslovici do prikazni" vo '70-te godini od minatiot vek, izvr{i nesomneno
golemo vlijanie vrz me|unarodnite paremiolo{ki prou~uvawa.
Poa|aj}i od zna~eweto na negoviot trud, mnogubrojni nau~nici prodolìja da rabotat vo istata nasoka i zaedno so nego ja postavija modernata paremiologija, odnosno naukata za poslovicite, na cvrsti temeli.
Iako ovie postignuvawa pretstavuvaat golem pridones vo odnos
na definicijata, jazikot, strukturata i zna~eweto na poslovicite, tie
vo mnogu ne{ta ne uspeaja da se vsredoto~at na dve osobeno va`ni
pra{awa koi{to gi nadminuvaat ~isto lingvisti~kite aspekti na proverbijalnite tekstovi. Ednoto pra{awe se odnesuva na dijahroniskiot
problem na tradicionalnosta, odnosno na faktot deka sekoj tekst {to
moè da se okvalifikuva kako poslovica mora da ima nekakva upotreba
za eden odreden vremenski period. Tesno so ova e svrzano i sinhroniskoto pra{awe za ~estotata na koristeweto ili poznavaweto na poslovicite, odnosno na dadeniot tekst vo opredeleno vreme. Niedna od mnogubrojnite definicii za poslovicite ne moè da odgovori na ovie
pra{awa, pa sepak kako osnovno se postavuva baraweto sekoja poslovica
da mora da pokaè deka poseduva barem izvesna tradicionalnost i
~estota, odnosno zastapenost vo govorot za da moè da se smeta za verbalen folkloren vid.
[to se odnesuva do poslovicite od minatite, odnosno prethodnite pokolenija, pra{awata vo odnos na nivnata vistinska poslovi~nost moè da se potvrdi, i ve}e e potvrdeno, so postoeweto na istoriski re~nici na poslovici vo koi{to se sodràt podatoci i varijanti
na odredeni poslovici od pi{ani izvori. 33 Paremiografite od celiot
svet imaat sobrano grandiozni dijahroniski zbirki na poslovici,
33
Du{an Nedeqkovi¢, "Narodne poslovice i pojava wihovih re~nika u predrevolucionom
pokretu prosve¢enosti Francuske XVIII-og veka", Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU,
Beograd, 1957, str. 29-52.
− 25 −
VOVED
~ij{to model se masivnite anglo-amerikanski zbirki, makotrpno sostaveni i redaktirani od ve}e spomnatiot istraùva~ Vajting. 34 So koristeweto na sovremenite kompjuteri takvite istoriski orientirani
zbornici i ponatamu se objavuvaat na razni jazici vo svetot, pa sepak
ovoj vid na paremiografska rabota obi~no ne moè da odgovori na nekoi
isklu~itelno va`ni pra{awa vo odnos na situacijata so sovremenite
poslovici, kako i za sostojbata na poslovicite od prethodnte generacii
koi{to seu{te se vo upotreba, potoa za upatenosta na sovremenicite vo
poslovi~nata problematika itn.
Tvrdeweto deka poslovicite mnogu malku se koristat vo kompleksnite kulturi so zabrzan trend na op{testveni promeni, pove}e ne
e validno od aspekt na ponovite prou~uvawa. Imaj}i go predvid soznanieto deka makedonskata populacija se nao|a vo vitelot na globalnite
slu~uvawa, blagodarenie pred se' na svojata polilingvalnost, ne be{e
neo~ekuvano {to od moite istraùvawa na makedonskite poslovici
proizleze korpus koj ja nadminuva brojkata od 2.000 najmnogu koristeni
poslovici i pogovorki, dobien od anketa sprovedena me|u informatorite. Toj broj na poslovici koi gi zapi{av za celite na moite istraùvawa, a koi gi ubicirav vo ve}e objavenite zbirki i zbornici kako
proizvodi na narodnata mudrost, vlezeni se vo ovaa kniga naslovena kako "Makedonsko-angliski i anglisko-makedonski poslovi~ni paraleli".
Poslovi~niot repertoar e registriran vo poslednive nekolku
godini od pogolem broj na ìteli od pove}e mesta na Makedonija. Od
moite terenski istraùvawa me|u makedonskite informatori moèv da
zaklu~am deka eden vozrasen informator znae ad hoc minimum sto poslovici, poslovi~ni izrazi, poslovi~ni sporedbi i drugi frazeolo{ki
izrazi. Pove}eto od niv se sre}avaat ne samo na makedonski, tuku i na
jazicite na ostanatite balkanski narodi, {to go potvrduva ne samo nivniot nacionalen karakter vo odnos na jazi~nata izraznost, tuku i nivnoto bogatstvo vo pogled na internacionalnata tematska zastapenost.
Poradi toa se nametnuva razmisluvaweto deka moèbi niedno
drugo postignuvawe na ~ove~kiot um ne go predizvikuvalo tolku mnogu
vnimanieto na golemite intelektualci kako poslovicite vo tekot na
mnogu vekovi na postoeweto na najrazli~ni civilizacii. Filozofi,
eruditi, poeti i genijalni prozaisti i poznati dejci od site vremiwa i
site zemji vo niv nao|ale izvori na ogromno zadovolstvo, a onie koi se
zanimavale so niv uìvale golema ~est; tie gi inkorporirale vo nivnite besmrtni dela, so niv gi ilustrirale svoite misli, pa duri i gi so-
34
Bartlett Jere Whiting, Modern Proverbs and Proverbial Sayings, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard
University Press, 1989.
− 26 −
Bone Veli~kovski
birale. 35 Za taa cel da go spomneme Plaut, genijalniot latinski poet,
potoa, odej}i hronolo{ki, Servantes, {panskiot poet poznat {irum
svetot, kako i mnogu drugi golemi umovi, vo ~ii{to dela ~itatelot mnogu ~esto naiduva na ovoj knièven ànr. No najeklatanten e primerot so
[ekspir, koj ne samo {to poslovicite gi raseal niz svoite dela, tuku i
gi zel za naslovi na dve poznati negovi drami, 36 a niz ustata na Hamlet 37
se izre~eni poslovici vo koi{to se sodrì tolku zdrava i racionalna
filozofija {to go intrigira duhot se' do dene{ni dni. I navistina, vo
ovie kratki literarni vidovi se sodràt tolku mnogu nikulci na
bleskava imaginativnost, otvorena mudrost i zdrav moral {to bil razvivan postapno od najgolemite svetski filozofi vo nivnite zna~ajni i
brojni dela.
Mnogu formi na ~ove~kata misla se sre}avaat u{te vo poslovicite na Solomon, kako arhetipi na najvozvi{eniot izraz. I najgolemiot
del od u~eweto na Isus Hristos e iskovan vo poslovi~na forma, osobeno
vo prvite tri Evangelija, {to podocna preminalo kaj narodot i prodolìlo da se {iri preku negovite usni. I voop{to ne e neobi~no da se
re~e deka, ako nekoj saka da istraùva kako eden narod misli i
~uvstvuva, kakov e negoviot genij i negovata prirodna mudrost, treba
samo da frli eden poprodlabo~en pogled vrz aksiomite so koi se ispolneti ovie suptilni proizvodi na ~ove~kiot um.
A bidej}i pove}e
od izvesno e deka mnogu od poslovicite poteknuvaat od mnogu damne{ni
vremiwa, tie pretstavuvaat samo veren odraz na eden identi~en zaedni~ki koncept na mnogu drugi narodi, poim koj denes pod druga obleka se
so~uval neizmenet niz bavniot protok na vekovite, taka {to ostanuva
validno uverenieto deka nasproti etni~kite i op{testvenite barieri,
potekloto na ~ovekoviot um i moral e edinstveno, tokmu kakvo {to e
potekloto na negovite poslovici koe moè sporedbeno da se istraùva.
Spored
toa,
komparativnata
paremiologija,
odnosno
prou~uvaweto na poslovicite pokaùva deka site narodi na svetot im35
Spored zborovite na Erazmo, "prviot koj po~nal da se zanimava so sobirawe na poslovicite bil Aristotel, a osven nego i Krisip, Zenodot i Kleant. Osven toa se sre}avaat nekoi zbirki pod koi stoi imeto na Plutarh. Atenej me|u najpoznatite paremiografi go
spomenuva Klearh Solens i Aristid; Zenodot sostavil kompendium od poslovicite na
Didim i Tarej. Vo komentarite za Demosten se zboruva i za poslovicite na Teofrast. Pokraj nego se naveduva i paremiografot Milon i izvesen Demon. Na krajot da go spomeneme
u{te i postoeweto na zbirkite na Diogenian, a za mnogu drugi zbirki so poslovici zboruvaat Esikij i Suida koi mu gi pripi{uvaat na Tetet, za kogo ne postojat nikakvi popodrobni podatoci", Adagiorum D. Erasmi Roterodami epitome Apud Seb. Gryphium, Lugduni, 1550
(spored: Augusto Arthaber, Dizionario comparato di proverbi e modi proverbiali italiani, latini, francesi,
spagnoli, tedeschi, inglesi e greci antichi con relativi indici sistematico-alfabetici, Ulrico Hoepli, Milano,
1981, str. Vii).
36
"Mesure for mesure" - "All is well that ends well".
37
"Hamlet", Act I, Scene 5.
− 27 −
VOVED
aat mnogu zaedni~ki ne{ta nasproti granicite i prostornata oddale~enost koi gi delat edni od drugi, i deka tie se kako edno golemo
semejstvo koe egzistira nezavisno od razli~nite ìvotni uslovi na svojot razvoj i razli~nite formi na op{testveno-politi~ki sistemi. Sporedbenoto prou~uvawe na poslovicite, vo izvesna merka, moè da se
smeta za faktor koj pridonesuva za podobroto zaemno razbirawe i pribliùvawe na narodite. 38
Makedoncite imaat relativno bogato nasledstvo od narodnata
kultura i mudrost koi {to go spodeluvaat so ostanatite narodi na svetot. Aktuelnava zbirka na poslovici govori vo prilog na na{ata tradicionalna mudrost. Tie i denes prakti~no se upotrebuvaat od site sloevi
na op{testvoto. Pokraj toa, vo nea se vklu~eni i postari poslovici
prethodno objaveni vo razni zbirki i zbornici, kako i takvi koi se
li~no zabeleàni ili poteknuvaat od bogatiot fond na Arhivot na Institutot za folklor "Marko Cepenkov" vo Skopje.
Ovoj trud se sostoi od dva dela. Vo prviot del se poa|a od makedonskiot repertoar na poslovici koj pretstavuva negov prevod kako i
tolkuvawe onamu kade{to bukvalniot navod ne e dovolen da mu go dobliì na angliskiot korisnik pravoto zna~ewe na makedonskiot primer,
dodeka vo vtoriot del se dava korpusot od anglisko-makedonski ekvivalentni ili identi~ni paraleli.
Pri pretstavuvaweto na poslovicite primenet e kombiniraniot
pristap: azbu~niot, odnosno alfabetskiot, pri {to nivnite ekvivalenti i identi~ni primeri se nadopolneti so soodvetni varijanti kade {to
moàt da se najdat pojmovni sli~nosti me|u primerite na dvete respektivni kulturi. Ovaa metoda se pokaàla kako najsoodvetna za vakvite
celi, pa zatoa i se koristi vo ovoj slu~aj. Na krajot od sekoj del se nao|a
indeks na najfrekventnite klu~ni zborovi, frazeolo{ki izrazi i karakteristi~ni termini koi moàt da posluàt za polesno nao|awe na
baranata poslovica.
Se nadevam deka ovie biseri na narodnata mudrost nasobrani vo
tekot na izminatite vekovi }e go privle~at vnimanieto na mnozina korisnici koi od najrazli~ni pri~ini }e se zainteresiraat za niv.
Moèbi ovaa dvojazi~na i dvonaso~na zbirka na poslovici se javuva so
izvesno zadocnuvawe, za{to tie denes ne se tolku interesni kako {to
bea do neodamna, kako za onie koi neposredno poteknuvaa od narodnata
kultura, taka i za pripadnicite od gradskata sredina, bidej}i tie so niv
go zbogatuvaat svojot govor, a nivnata misla se izdiga nad sekojdnevnata
prozai~nost. Ovoj izbor na poslovici e moèbi prili~no arbitraren,
38
Jerzy Gluski, “Proverbs, A Comparative Book of English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Russian Proverbs with a Latin Appendix”, 1971.
− 28 −
Bone Veli~kovski
no sepak vo nego ima dobar del koj zasluùva da bide priop{ten ne samo
na makedonskiot korisnik, tuku i vo po{iroki ramki.
Ovie poslovici koi se nesomneno izvor na narodnata mudrost,
no so pogled svrten kon minatoto, odnosno kon istorijata na koja{to i'
go dolìme toa {to sme denes, go pretstavuvaat na~inot na izrazuvawe
na jadroto na narodot, {to za nekogo vo ova vreme na celokupni promeni
moèbi }e zvu~i zastareno, koga gi slu{a ovie frazi koi se povikuvaat
na avtoritativnosta. No toa e taka za{to nivnata namena e prvenstveno
da go zaklu~at sekoj razgovor ili raspravija {to na{iroko se vodi,
po~nuvaj}i od obi~nata sekojdnevna komunikacija pa se' do debatite i
polemikite na razni nivoa (javni nastapi, mediumi itn.). Poslednite
nekolku decenii, nekoi u~eni krugovi po~naa da se distanciraat od niv,
moèbi ne od prezir, tuku povle~eni od tekovite na la`niot intelektualizam na sovremeniot svet koj za sebe smeta deka misli so svoja glava
i odbiva da ~ue nekoja dobra misla, pa taka go tera da kaùva sekakvi
ne{ta bez pokritie, ~isti kli{ea ili krajni apsurdnosti, bidej}i kako
nikoga{ dosega ~ovekot ne bil podloèn na tu|ite slogani, propagandata, reklamite, uniformizacijata {to izbliknuva od dnoto na duhot i
teloto.
Vakvata sostojba ne e nikakva novost. Toa e hroni~na bolest na
civilizaciite koi mislat deka se pametni, a koi se i verojatno takvi, no
sepak se snobovi, zadovolni so sebesi samite pa poradi toa i omrazeni, a
toa se onie od izminatite vekovi od intelektualnata Evropa koi
isfrlija mnogubrojnite misli i maksimi vo knièvnite dela, vpro~em
ne pomlku voshituva~ki, za da gi zamenat poslovicite. êsto toa bilo
pri~ina da se dojde do op{ti kataklizmi, vojni i revolucii, za na krajot
povtorno da se vratime na starite vrednosti. Koga kone~no treskavi~nata eufrija stivnuva, gordosta se zasituva od sebesi samata, se' se
vra}a na stariot poredok, a zborovite na pretcite odyvonuvaat vo
na{eto se}avawe, i sosema prirodno povtorno ja nao|aat naklonosta
{to nikoga{ i ne ja zagubile. Taka toa se odvivalo so mileniumi.
Se razbira nekoi poslovici is~eznale dodeka drugi go zazele
nivnoto mesto so izrazi koi osvetluvaat sosema novi situacii, ili se
javile nekoi navistina memorabilni izreki iskaàni vo nekoi isklu~itelni priliki, a koi {irokite narodni masi sosema spremno gi
prifatile i usvoile. Drugi minuvale triumfalno niz minatite vekovi
kako da im pripa|aat na site epohi, taka {to pretstavuvaat nerazdelen
del od narodniot genij.
Denes naprazno se protivat silnite duhovi velej}i deka ne moè
da i' se veruva na edna poslovica koga taa se poreknuva so druga i kako e
mo`no da se povika ~ovek na edna izreka ~ie{to najo~igledno iskustvo
ja pokaùva nejzinata neto~nost? Toa e taka poradi toa {to poslovicata ne e matemati~ka teorema i ne pretendira da izrazi nekoja apsolutna
− 29 −
VOVED
vistina. Taa e pohumana i go otslikuva ~ovekot i ìvotot ~ija{to kompleksnost, nasproti izgledot, e beskrajno pogolema otkolku sloènosta
na t.n. egzaktni nauki; a toa e i poradi toa {to nejzinite korewa se dlaboko proniknati vo na{ata du{a taka{to ne e mo`no ottamu lesno da se
otstranat.
Ako poedine~niot slu~aj nikoga{ ne e povod za nejzinoto sozdavawe, poslovicata sekoga{ se drì do stvarnosta, a glavniot junak im go
ostava na bajkite, prikaznite i na drugite ànrovi, nu`no ne se drì do
op{toto i ne propu{ta da gi istakne poznatite ne{ta, ~ove~kite nastojuvawa duri i toga{ koga nemaat univerzalna vrednost. "Daleku od
o~ite, daleku od srceto", veli poslovicata, iako ~esto oddale~enosta
moè da ja zgolemi qubovta, a od bliskosta da se rodi omrazata i netrpenieto. Taa moè so pravo da zabeleì deka deteto moè da li~i na
svoite roditeli ("Kru{ata pod kru{a pa|a", odnosno, "Kakov tatko takov sin"), od niv da gi nasledi nivnite poroci ili mani i da se odnesuva
tokmu kako niv. No na ovaa poslovica moè da i' se zabeleì deka deteto moè napolno da se razlikuva od roditelite i da deluva sprotivno od
nivnoto odnesuvawe ("Na skràv tatko, rasipnik sin"), podvlekuvaj}i
na toj na~in dva kontradiktorni fakta, no sosema to~ni, vo odnos na
teìnata na nasledniot faktor, od edna, i na va`nosta i potrebata od
obrazovanieto, od druga strana. Ottuka, treba li da ja optuìme za nekoherentnost ili za neto~nost? Nezavisnite i silni duhovi koi toa nema da go propu{tat, }e re~at deka se vo pravo, pokaùvaj}i na toj na~in
deka se vsu{nost slabi po svojot karakter. Poslovicata moè, bez pritoa da i' se zeme kako nejzina slaba strana, da go pokaè i sprotivnoto
od ona {to se slu~uva vo ìvotot, za{to nejzinata namera vo toj slu~aj e
da pou~i, da predloì eden ideal ili da ponudi nekoj sovet vo odnos na
pretpazlivosta ili predosto`nosta. Dali moè da i' se veruva koga
tvrdi deka "Lo{o spe~alenoto ne odi ni do tretoto koleno"? No dali e
lo{o toa {to so toa se saka da se ubedi deka da se stori nepravda e navistina v red? Koga poslovicata tvrdi deka prvin "treba da se otepa
me~kata pa potoa da i' se prodava koàta", toj {to ja kaùva ovaa poslovic isto taka mnogu dobro znae deka hrabriot, nasproti rizikot i
opasnostite, }e odi do kraj so svojata re{itelnost, dodeka cinikot misli deka podobro e da se zemat parite, a da ne se ispora~a stokata. No dali tuka poslovicata e taa {to gre{i?
Mnogu po~esto, me|utoa, taa go konstatira, ponekoga{ ne bez
izvesna gor~ina, moèbi so ironija ili so izvesna doza na revolt, a isto
taka i so srde~en izbliv na smea, postoeweto na realnosta takva kakva
{to e, realnost koja{to e vaè~ka barem za socijalnata sredina od
kade{to iskrsnuva i ~ij{to registar se protega od najskromnoto do najrafiniranoto, za{to bi se izlagale ako vo nea ne bi go sogledale izrazot na duhot kako na poniskite, taka i na povisokite slovevi na
− 30 −
Bone Veli~kovski
op{testvoto, realnost koja{to e vaè~ka i za toj na kogo taa mu se
obra}a i od kogo poteknuva. Edna poslovica bi moèla razli~no da se
primeni vo Makedonija vo odnos na Angli~anite, osobeno koga se raboti, a toa e prili~no ~est slu~aj, za klimatskite, socijalnite, pa duri i
semejnite priliki: "Kade ima ~ad, ima i kavga", ili: "Kamenot {to se
trkala ne sobira mahovina/treva".
Poseduvaj}i vrhovna sloboda koja voshituva, poslovicata si dozvoluva se': ja odbiva sekoja prepreka koja{to bi moèla da ja drì vo
zato~eni{tvo, odi od edna krajnost vo druga, stignuva do edna koncentrirana i koncizna literarna forma koja{to ~esto i' dava izvonredna
ubavina. Taa zadira vo site oblasti na ìvotot, rasprava za se' i
otse~no debatira, no nikoga{ ne stanuva `rtva na svoite sopstveni ekscesi. Taa e narodot - kral, eden kapriciozen kral koj moè da si go dozvoli takvoto odnesuvawe, bidej}i vladee, a ne upravuva. A sekoj moè da
si go zadrì pravoto da ja slu{a ili voop{to da ne i' obrnuva nikakvo
vnimanie.
Poslovicata moè da se smeta za poseben ànr samo ako e bezimena, ili e stanata anonomna samo ako se zaboravi nejziniot avtor, i taa
glavno e ma{ka tvorba za {to govori nejzinata postojana mizoginija,
univerzalna i ~esto surova, no koja{to pretstavuva sredstvo koe se prenesuva od generacija na generacija naj~esto so posredstvo na ènite. Isto kako i prikaznite i prispivnite pesni, poslovicata bez somnenie e
stara kolku i svetot i morala da gi izrazi ~ove~kite ~uvstva u{te toga{ koga tie moèle da ja oformat, na ist na~in kako i umetnosta.
Glavnata osobenost na poslovicata e nejzinata univerzalna pojava. Ne
postoi vreme nitu narod {to ne ja poznava. Stariot Egipet ja gael isto
kako {to toa se pravelo vo Kina, vo judejskite i gr~ko-rimskite obrasci
vo koi se oformila nejzinata dene{na forma kaj evropskite narodi.
Sekoga{ i nasekade, taa se povinuva na istite na~ela i zakonitosti na ànrot na koj{to mu pripa|a. A tie principi ne se taka ednostavni za definirawe kako {to se ~ini na prv pogled. Mnogu nau~nici
u{te od najstarite epohi se potrudile da ja stavat vo kalupi bez da uspeat da gi opfatat nejzinite ramki nitu pak da dadat kone~na formulacija za nea koja{to bi bila zadovolitelna. U{te poparadoksalno e toa
{to vo su{tina sekoj od nas sovr{eno ~uvstvuva {to e taa i ne rizikuva
da ja pome{a so aforizmot, maksimata, izrekata, osven vo izvesen broj
na ekstremni slu~ai, {to vsu{nost e pri~inata za te{kotiite so
koi{to se sre}avame pri nejzinoto prou~uvawe. Takviot nejzin karakter poradi koj{to ne moè da se definira ne i' odzema ni{to od nejzinata privle~nost koja se nadovrzuva na onie osobenosti {to ve}e gi poseduva, a toa e mudrosta {to ponekoga{ izgleda za~uduva~ka vo odnos na
toa kako taa vladee so jazikot, so onaa raznovidnost na tonovite i formite, sekoga{ koncizna, lesno pomliva, so nejzinoto neprestano proiz-
− 31 −
VOVED
veduvawe na novi pretstavi, sliki, stilski figuri i sporedbi, so nejzinata ~udesna vitalnost, tolku intenzivna i raznovidna isto kako onaa
{to moè da se sretne samo vo prirodata, so nejzinata postojanost i
dolgove~nost, zaedno so nejzinata neulovlivost, kratkost, spontan izblik i, sekako, brzo zaboravawe. Toa e ona zaboravawe koe{to se javuva
koga se lista edna zbirka na poslovici i se dobiva vpe~atok kako da sme
vo poseta na retki i skapoceni anti~ki spomenici.
Me|utoa, ona {to ja so~inuva nejzinata najvisoka vrednost i zasluùva da go zadrì najmnogu na{eto vnimanie e toa {to taa na eden
mo{ne ednostaven i neposreden na~in go izrazuva ona {to se narekuva
narodna mudrost i {to ednostavno pove}e bi odgovaralo da se nare~e
dlaboka sovest na ~ovekot. Tuka naiduvame na eden golem problem. Nikoj
ne bi moèl seriozno da porekne deka poslovicata kako narodna umotvorba vo naj{irokata i najblagorodnata smisla na zborot ne go izrazuva
na~inot na ~uvstvuvawe i mislewe na eden kolektivitet. Samo
pra{aweto e vo toa da se znae dali sekoja zaednica misli i ~uvstvuva na
na~in na koj moè da se izrazi sebesi nasproti neizbe`nite provincijalizmi, na eden entitet {to se protega od najbliskiot do najoddale~eniot od nas. So drugi zborovi, dali e toa eden Angli~anec ili
Makedonec.
Na~inot na ìveewe, klimata, op{testveno-ekonomskite uslovi, jazi~nata struktura, a moèbi u{te i religijata sekako deka vo golema mera povlijaele vrz pretstavata za svetot okolu nas, pa poradi toa
i na na~inot na izrazuvawe. Zna~i, cel eden korpus na poslovici nu`no
gi odrazuvaat nacionalnite ili provinciskite preokupacii. Dali toa
se odnesuva na site? Obi~no se veli, poradi uprostuvawe na problemot,
deka se raboti za, na primer, "makedonski poslovici", bez da se precizira deka me|u niv ima i stru{ki poslovici koi ne moàt da bidat i
prilepski, skopski ili kumanovski. Sepak moè da se vidi deka me|u niv
postojat srodnosti i zaedni~ki crti so drugite indoevropski narodi,
davaj}i i' pred se' prednost na lingvisti~kata struktura. Na istiot
na~in bi moèlo da se ispita postoeweto na hristijanski poslovici,
davaj}i im ovojpat prednost na religioznite kriteriumi. Taka barem bi
moèl da se pro{iri horizontot i da se prenese komparativnoto
prou~uvawe na dva ili pove}e narodi.
Vo ovoj trud, so dobliùvaweto na eden odreden kvantum od makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki na izvesen na~in moè da se
naseti postoeweto na edinstvoto na ~ove~kata misla, iako se raboti za
komparacija na ovie kratki ànrovi samo na dve jazi~ni celini. Za
po~etok, ostanuva ubedenosta deka paremiografijata i paremiologijata
moàt da pomognat vo me|usebnoto zapoznavawe i pribliùvawe na narodite, {to o~igledno zavisi i od mnogu drugi faktori.
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Bone Veli~kovski
Zapoznavawe na narodite? Ako poslovicata e samata du{a na
narodot koja se izrazuva na najneposreden i najednostaven na~in, {to
zna~i deka e najmalku ve{ta~ki, kako {to pogore be{e postaveno kako
premisa, toga{ kako edna zbirka na poslovici ne bi moèla da bide najdobroto sredstvo za stapuvawe vo najblizok odnos so narodot? Makedoncite na koi{to im pretstoi period na kopleksni promeni, seu{te imaat
mo`nost da se soo~at so eden re~isi negibnat i prili~no golem sloj na
pripadnici od selskata sredina, za{to se znae deka vo takvata sredina
najmnogu otkolku vo drugite sredini se javile i seu{te se ra|aat poslovicite. I ne e slu~ajno {to makedonskiot narod koj{to do neodamna
vode{e tradicionalen na~in na ìveewe, narod na zemjodelci i
sto~ari, e eden od onie koj im pridaval osobeno zna~ewe na poslovicite,
gi sozdal vo golem broj, vklu~uvaj}i se kako dostoen tvorec na ovoj
priznat literaturen ànr {to go deli so golemoto svetsko semejstvo.
Golem broj od poslovicite {to tuka se izbrani ne se samo panorama na
edno minato vreme, tuku tie seu{te se vo ìva upotreba i zasluùvaat,
poradi nivnata o~igledna vrednost i nesporno zna~ewe, da bidat pretstaveni na po{irokata javnost vo nivnata izvorna forma, za{to vo niv e
zadràna sveìnata na jazikot i negovite slobodni i sirovi izrazni
mo`nosti nasledeni od minatite epohi, koga ne postoele sredstva i
na~in da bidat grafiski fiksirani.
Se razbira, postojat i drugi na~ini da se zapoznae Makedonija i
Makedoncite pokraj nivnite poslovici i jazikot na koi tie se izrazeni.
No izu~uvaj}i ja istorijata, razgleduvaj}i gi spomenicite na kulturata
i umetni~kite dela vo koi{to nesporno se o~ituva darbata na eden narod, ne moè odblisku da se zapoznae narodot i zemjata ako podolgo ne se
kontaktira so nejzinite lu|e. A toa najlesno moè da se ostvari so namerno ili slu~ajno druèwe so ovie male~ki frazi koi tuka se sobrani
so odredena cel, a {to moè patem moè da pruì ogromno zadovolstvo.
Nivniot broj e ograni~en, dadeni se vo original i kako prevod na angliski ili e navedena nivnata identi~na ili ekvivalentna angliska
verzija, klasificirani spored eden od voobi~aenite kriteriumi prifateni vo naukata za poslovicite. Tie so~inuvaat relativno mala zbirka so nade` deka }e pretstavuva neophodna referenca za najrazli~ni
korisnici.
Dali se raboti za komparativno prou~uvawe? Osnovnite prerogativi se tuka i nema somnevawe deka paremiografot ili paremiologot,
~itaj}i gi makedonskite poslovici samiot }e izvle~e nekoi pribliùvawa koi se nametnuvaat vo odnos na angliskite poslovici. No site
ne se specijalisti za poslovicite! A, bidej}i ponekoga{ izrazot ne e
ist, odnosno ne korespondira bukvalno vo dvata jazika, makedonskiot,
odnosno angliskiot ekvivalent vedna{ ne ni' pa|a na pamet. So komparativnoto naveduvawe na makedonskite i angliskite poslovici vo dvete
− 33 −
VOVED
nasoki, }e i' se pomogne na na{ata memorija podobro i polesno da se
snajdeme (koristej}i gi i neophodnite indeksi), kako i da gi oìveeme i
osveìme na{ite se}avawa za edno vreme i edna sostojba na duhot. So
predavaweto na ekvivalentite na dvata respektivni jazika, makedonskiot i angliskiot, pred na{ite o~i iskrsnuva panoramata na bogatoto
proverbijalno kulturno nasledstvo. Bidej}i podgotvuvaweto na eden
vakov trud bara zna~itelen napor i vnimatelnost, se nadevam deka negovite vistinski dimenzii }e go najdat svoeto mesto me|u onie na koi tie
}e im bidat neopodni za najrazli~ni celi. Poslovicite kako: "Vo
carstvoto na slepite ednookiot e car", "[to o~i brgu ne vidat, brgu }e
zaboravaat", "Koga ma~kata ne e doma, gluvcite oro vodat", ponekoga{
se prevedeni, a ponekoga{ se ekvivalentna ili indenti~na jazi~na realizacija.
Takvite sli~nosti, sekako, go nametnuvaat pra{aweto za eventualnite pozajmici od zaedni~ki izvori, za imitacija na na~inot na
mislewe i izrazuvawe itn. Vo sekoj slu~aj tie go pottiknuvaat istraùva~kiot duh i otvoraat ogromni perspektivi i, moèbi, neograni~eno pole na idni istraùvawa. Tie se samo edna brazda, prv ~ekor
kon edno poopse`no komparativno prou~uvawe taka{to ovoj trud e samo
edna suma, edna etapa so koja se otvoraat novi vrati za drugi dela koi
moèbi u{te utre }e bidat napi{ani.
Makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki
A
1.
2.
A so grneto po kamen, a so kamenot po grne - te{ko na grneto.
(Kav. 184). Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher, it
is bad for the pitcher.
Ajvanot se vrzvit so j'è, a ~vek so zbor. (Kav. 4). Ajvanot se
vrzvit so oglamnik, a ~vekot so j'zik. (Kav. 5). An animal can be tied
with a rope; a human being with a word. An ox is taken by the horns and a man
by the tongue.
3.
4.
Ako arno prajme, arno }e ostajme. (Kav. 8). If we perform good
works, we will leave something worthwhile behind.
Ako bide baba moma, ponapred dedo }e bide ergenin. (MNU 21). If
my granny had been a girl, my grandpa would have been a boy. If my aunt
had been a man, she'd have been my uncle.
5.
6.
7.
Ako bidi{ magare, sekoj }e te vjat. (Kav. 11). If you're a donkey,
everyone will ride you.
Ako vrnit se àqat na vlaga, ako ne vrnit se àqat na su{a.
(Kav. 12). If it rains, they complain about the wet; if it doesn't, they complain about the drought.
Ako go vati{ prijatel kamilxijata, brgo praj ja povisoko portata. (MNU 28). If you want to become a camel owner's friend, start quickly
to build your gates higher. He who builds by the roadside has many masters. A
house built by the wayside is either too high or too low.
8.
9.
10.
Ako go pu{ti{ pod krevet, }e ti se ka~i na krevet. If you let him
under the bed, he will come into it. Take the bit and the buffet with it.
Ako gorit ku}ata od kom{ijata, vardi ja i tvojata. (Kav. 17). Look
to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire.
Ako da znaev koga }e umrev, sam grobot }e si go iskopav. (MNU
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Bone Veli~kovski
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
30). If I knew the exact hour of my death, I would dig my own grave immediately.
Ako dojdi redo da go toara{, "vrap~e sum ti", veli; a pak ako mu
re~i{: "e de, letni de, koa si vrap~e!" - "e da kamila sum", ti veli. (MNU 33). He bellows like a bull, but is as weak as a bulrush.
Ako e kus denot, d'lga e godinata. (Kav. 23). If the day is short, at least
the year is long.
Ako e ocedo bez pari, on e posladok i od medo. (MNU 42). Vinegar
that doesn't cost anything is sweeter than honey.
Ako e ~oekot kus od ali{teto, moì{ da mu pridai{; ama ako e
od umot - ne moì{. (MNU 50). If somebody is short of clothes, you can
help them - if they're short of brains, you can't.
Ako eden budala frlat kamen v bunar, sto pametni ne moàt da go
izvadat. (P.D. 48). A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred
wise men cannot pull out.
Ako i' zgazi{ na zmijata na opa{kata, }e se svrtit da te ukasat.
(MNU 55). If you step on a snake's tail, it will turn around and bite you.
Ako 'i slu{a{e Gospod ku~iwana, pastrma }e vrne{e. (Kav. 47). If
God listened to the dogs, it would rain dog food (pastrami).
Ako 'i slu{a{e Gospod magariwana, nieden samarxija ne }e ostane{e ìv. (Kav. 48). If God listened to the donkeys, not a single saddle
maker will be left alive.
Ako ima nekade poarno, vikaj me i mene. (MNU 63). If there's a better place than this world somewhere else, call me.
Ako ima pari, ima sekade; ako nema pari, nema nikade. (MNU 64).
With money, there's an everywhere. Without money, there's nowhere.
Ako ima{ vujko vladika, lesno }e se stori{ pop. (Kav. 42). If your
uncle is the bishop, you won't have a problem getting an appointment as a
priest.
Ako ima{ ma{a, ne va}aj go ogno so raka. (MNU 71). If you have a
pair of tongs, there is no need to pick up the embers with your bare hands.
Ako je sluì{ na parata, si najsiromav. (Kav. 50). If you are a slave
to money, you are the poorest of people.
Ako me besite, probesite me (pobrgu), otu mi pla~at decata.
(MNU 81). If you're going to hang me, do it quickly, because my children
are crying.
Ako mi bie{ senkata, koga ne mi bie{ snagata. (MNU 88). I don't
have a problem so long as you beat my shadow and not my body. Sticks and
stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. Hard words break no
bones. Call me cousin but cousin me not. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy.
26.
Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja ispredam kadelkata.
(MNU 92). Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja svr{am rabotata. (MNU 93). If my neighbour is merry, I'll do my work quickly. A
− 37 −
Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli
good neighbour, a good morrow. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace. A near neighbour is
better than a far-dwelling kinsman.
27.
Ako mi e kriv oxako, koga mi izleguva naprao ~adot. (MNU 94).
Although my chimney is crooked, the smoke goes straight away. Crooked
logs make straight fires.
28.
29.
Ako moì{ da trpi{, kako beg }e si pomini{. (MNU 98). If you
are tolerant, you will live well (like a lord).
Ako mu go podaj{ prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav. 62). Give
him your finger, and he will take your hand. Give him an inch, and he'll take an
ell.
30.
31.
32.
Ako mu dava{ na maloto dete se' {to sakat, }e te naterat da mu ja
simni{ i mese~inata. (MNU 100). A spoilt child, who is given everything, will ask you to get the moon down from the heavens.
Ako mu dade{ peda, }e ti bara cel ar{in. Give him an inch, and he'll
take an ell.
Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto. (MNU 101). Give
him the cover, and he'll take the pot. Give him an inch, and he'll take an ell. Give
a clown your finger, and he will take your hand.
33.
Ako na magareto ne moè da udre, na samaro }e udre. (MNU 104).
He can't beat the donkey, so he beats the saddle instead. He that cannot beat
the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the saddle.
34.
35.
36.
37.
Ako na mladost ni{to ne si sobiral, na starost ni{to nema da
najde{. An idle youth, a needy age. (Sirah 25, 5 / Ecclesiasticus 25, 3). A
young courtier, an old beggar. If you lay upon roses when young, you'll lie upon
thorns when old.
Ako nau~i{ da pla~e{, }e znae{ i kako da se smee{. (Onie {to
sejat so solzi, `neat so pesni). Learn weeping, and you shall gain laugh-
ing. (Psalmi 126, 5 / Psalms 126, 5).
Ako ne mi bea o~ive da vidam, moè{e i da se izlaàm. (MNU
125). I would have been deceived if it weren't for these very eyes.
Ako ne moè da go fane za grivata, neka go fane za opa{kata.
(MNU 128). Ako ne moj{ da ja fati{ za griva, fati ja za opa{ka.
(Ovaa poslovica se odnesuva na rabotata i zna~i: Rabotaj vo sekoe
vreme.). (Kav. 74). If you can't grab it by the mane, at least grab it by the
38.
39.
40.
tail.
Ako ne moìt ~oek da bidit li~en i bogat, da za umen i ~esen
moìt. (MNU 131). If it's not possible to be beautiful and rich, it certainly
is possible to be intelligent and honourable.
Ako ne moj{ da napraj{ kako saka{, napraj kako moj{. (Kav. 75).
If you can't do what you want, do what you can.
Ako ne rani{ ma~ki, }e rani{ gluvci. (MNU 133). If you don't feed
cats, you'll certainly feed mice.
− 38 −
Bone Veli~kovski
41.
42.
Ako ne umre u krastavici }e umre u tikvi. (MNU 139). If doesn't
die in the time of cucumbers, he will die in the season of pumpkins.
Ako nekoj ne saka da raboti, neka i ne jade! He that will not work
shall not eat. (II Solunjani 3, 10 / II Thessalonians 3, 10). If you won't
work, you shan't eat. No pains, no gains. No sweet without some sweat. No mill, no
meal. A horse that will not carry the saddle must have no oats.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
Ako nema{e temnica, i~ ne }e se miluva{e videlinata. (MNU
121). If there were no darkness, people would not be fond of the light.
Ako oj{ po dale~nijot p't, porano }e ftasa{. (Kav. 83). The longest way round is the shortest way home.
Ako padnam, pa }e stanam; ne sum grne da se skr{am. (MNU 143). If
I fall, I can pick myself up again as I am not a pot that can be broken.
Ako prijatelot ti e od med ili {e}er, ne go jadi celiot. If your
friend is made of honey or sugar, don't eat him completely. (If our friends are
good people, we ought to respect them and not to exploit their goodness).
Ako saka kameno da puka od gore{tina, jas }e trajam. (MNU 155).
Let the rock burst from the heat, I will endure.
Ako saka{ da go otepaat nekoj pes, re~i, oti e od bes. (MNU 156).
If you want a dog killed, spread a rumour that it has gone mad. He that would
hang his dog gives out first that he is mad. It is easy to find a stick to beat a dog. A
staff is quickly found to beat a dog. If you want a pretence to whip a dog, say that he
ate the frying-pan.
49.
50.
51.
52.
Ako saka{ nekogo da go zbudali{, pofali go. (Kav. 94). If you want
to make a fool of someone, praise him to the skies.
Ako saka{ nekogo da go poznaj{, napraj go (stori go) golemec.
(Kav. 96). If you want to get to know someone, make him out to be important.
Ako saka{ nekogo da go poznaj{, trebit edno vre{~e soq da
izej{ so nego. (Kav. 95). If you want to get to know someone really well,
you need time - as much time as it takes to eat a huge bag of salt with him.
Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159).
Ako se pla{e{e dedo od rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav.
100). Forbear not sowing because of birds. He that counts all costs will never
put plough in the earth.
53.
54.
Ako se omrsam, barem za jagne pe~eno da se omrsam, a ne za jajce
vareno. (MNU 175). If you should sin by breaking my Lenten fast, let it be
for roast lamb rather than a mere boiled egg.
Ako se stori{ med, i muite }e te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet).
(MNU 178). Make yourself all honey and the flies will devour you. The
wolf shall eat him that makes himself a sheep.
55.
56.
Ako se stori{ ovca, sekoj }e te striìt. (MNU 179). If you're a
sheep, everybody will shear you.
Ako si v'lk, sekoj }e begat od tebe. (Od lo{jot ~vek sekoj begat.).
(Kav. 103). If you're a wolf, everyone will run from you.
− 39 −
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
Ako si mi tatko, ne si mi Gospod, da {to saka{ da mi se ka~i{
kako petel na vrato? (MNU 184). You are my father, not my God, so
why do you want to stand on my neck like some rooster?
Ako si mos', sekoj preku tebe }e vrvit. (GK, II, str. 179). Make
yourself a bridge and everyone will step on you.
Ako si pomagame eden na drugi, i Gospod }e ni pomoìt. (MNU
188). If we help each other, God Himself will help us.
Ako si poseal, }e po`ne{. (GK, II, str. 179). As you sow, so you shall
reap.
Ako si siromav, barem ne bidi mrsulav. (MNU 192). Don't go around
with a runny nose, even if you are poor.
Ako slepec slepca vodit, dvajcata v endek }e padnet. (Kav. 113).
Ako slepec vodi slepec, obata }e padnat vo jama. If the blind leads
the blind, both will fall in the ditch. (Matej 15, 14 / Matthew 15, 14). A
blind leads the blind.
63.
Ako sme bra}a }esiwata ne ni' se sestri. (Kav. 114). If we are brothers, our purses are not sisters. Brothers should always keep good accounts with
64.
Ako snema ~avki, }e snema i koko{ki. (MNU 200). If there were no
crows, there would also be no chickens.
Ako sum siromav, ama kabul ne ~inam tu|o da izeam. (MNU 207). I
will not consent to eat another's food, even if I am poor.
Ako sum ti èna, ne sum ti robinka. (Kav. 120). I may be your wife,
but I'm certainly not your slave.
Ako te vidi so otvoreni o~i, toj }e ti zavidi. (MNU 210). If he
sees that your eyes are still open, he will envy you.
Ako te udri nekoj so kamen, ti udri go so leb. (MNU 212). If someone hits you with a stone, you throw back a loaf of bread at him.
Ako ti e ènata mlada, ne sedi mnogu na tu|ina. (MNU 215). If
your wife is young, don't stay too long in foreign lands.
Ako ti e krivo liceto, ne quti mu se na ogqaloto. (Kav. 122). If
your face is crooked, don't blame the mirror.
Ako ti e slab uma, da ti e jak grba. (MNU 219). If your mind is weak,
make sure you have a strong back.
Ako ti ja klaat alkata na nosot, kako me~ka }e mi te vodat.
(MNU 221). Once they put the ring on your nose, you will be dragged
around everywhere like a bear.
Ako trpi{, ko beg }e ìvej{. (Kav. 134). If you can forbear, you will
live like a lord. Be still, and have thy will.
Ako umram, zer vekot }e go sotram. (MNU 226). If I die, it's not as if
the whole world would be annihilated.
Ako ~oekot et vo snaga kako skot, ama vo du{ata et kako bog.
each other. Business is business. One hand will not wash the other for anything.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
− 40 −
Bone Veli~kovski
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
(MNU 228). A man is like an animal in body, and like a god in spirit.
Alal da ti (mu) e mlekoto maj~ino. (Kav. 137). A blessing on the
milk he imbibed from his mother!
Ali se stori ~oek aramija, po sebesi ja vle~e ortomata. (MNU
236). Once a man has taken the path of crime, he drags his own noose.
Ali{tata go pokaùvaat ~oeka za bogat i siromav. (MNU 239).
The dress makes the man rich or poor.
Ama {to bri~ mu trgnav, duri koàta mu ja sodrav. (MNU 254). I
shaved him so closely that I removed his skin!
Apetitot doa|a so jadeweto. Appetite comes with eating. Eating and
scratching wants but a beginning.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
Aram stoka spe~alena, }e iste~it kako voda. (MNU 283). Ill-gotten
gains are soon wasted.
Aramija od aramija ne se sramuva. (MNU 271). A thief feels no shame
before another thief. A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf.
Aramija od aramija razlika ima. (MNU 272). There are criminals and
criminals.
Aramija so skorni niz ~ar{ija odi. (MNU 274). A thief passes for a
gentleman when stealing has made him rich.
Aren ti e zborot, ama tikven ti e gro{ot. (MNU 294). Your word is
good, but your coin is of a pumpkin. Good words fill not a sack. Many words
will not fill a bushel.
86.
87.
Arnata ovca mnogu ne blejt, ama mnogu mleko dat. (Kav. 168). The
good sheep doesn't bleat much, but gives lots of milk.
Arnata re~ carskata porta ja otvarat. (MNU 302). The good word
will open royal doors. Kind words go a long way. A man's hat in his hand, never
did him any harm.
88.
89.
90.
Arnata stoka sama se prodava. (MNU 304). Worthwhile products sell
themselves.
Arnata stoka seki pat si ~ini parata. (MNU 305). Good ware
makes quick markets.
Arniot zbor èlezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 172). The good word will
open iron doors. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way. Lip-Honour
costs little, yet may bring in much. Civility costs nothing.
91.
92.
Arniot junak doma ne umirat. (MNU 314). The real hero does not die
in his bed.
Arniot kow i pod lo{ mutav se poznaat. (MNU 317). You can spot
the good horse even under a shabby blanket. You can spot the good horse even
with a bad rider.
93.
94.
95.
Arniot ~oek se' dobrina prait i pak nikomu ne se falit. (MNU
320). The good man performs good deeds without boasting.
Arnoto ne idit vedna{, da za lo{oto duri da trepni{. (MNU
334). Good takes time, whereas evil comes in the blink of an eye.
Arnoto sekoj go valit, ama sekoj ne go drìt. (MNU 336). Every-
− 41 −
96.
body sings the praises of good, but not all do it.
Atoite koga se klocaat, magariwata poarnoto seno go jadat.
(MNU 344). When horses kick each other, the donkeys get the best hay.
B
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
Badijala kiselina i od med e poslatka. (MNU 378). Vinegar that
doesn't cost anything is sweeter than honey.
Badijalxijata si bara badijalxija. (MNU 380). The loafer only
wants other loafers for company.
Baraj go dobroto i najdi go, oti ne ti idi samo. (MNU 386). Make
an effort to seek out goodness because it won't come of its own accord.
Baraj k'smed vo rabotata, a ne vo nade`ta. (Kav. 193). Seek good
luck with hard work, not with high hopes.
Baraj, ako saka{ da dobie{. (P.D. 228). Ask if you want to obtain. He
that cannot ask cannot live.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
Barajte i }e najdete. Ask, and it shall be given you. (Matej 7, 7 / Matthew 7, 7).
Ba~ilo od sviwi ne se prajt. (Kav. 202). You can't have a dairy farm
with pigs.
Ba{tavanxijata saka drugo [do`d], a kirimit~ijata - drugo
[sonce]. (MNU 400). The gardener prays for rain, while the brick maker
wants sunny days. The sun does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once.
Begaj od pijanio kako od ulaio. (MNU 403). Avoid the drunkard as
you would avoid the crazy man.
Beganoa majka belo nosila, a Stojanova crno (nosila). (MNU
408). He that fights and runs away may live to fight another day.
Begat volo, deka go dupit so osteno voloaro. (MNU 412). The ox
gets a move on because the herdsman goads him.
Begat volo, deka go du{a {trkalo. (MNU 411). The ox flees from the
yoke (stinging fly).
Begat kako |aol od temjan. (MNU 413). He fled like a devil from incense. The devil loves no holy water.
Begat kako |aolot od temjan i Evreinot od krstot. (MNU 414). He
fled like a devil from incense and Jew from cross. The devil loves no holy
water.
111.
112.
113.
114.
Begat kako nekoja jagula, {to se slizga od raka. (MNU 416). Like
an eel in your hands - that's how slippery he is.
Bez vreme ni{to ne zree. (MNU 424). Without time, nothing ripens.
Bez duri ne zianit trgoecot, ne dobivat. (MNU 427). For the businessman, there is no profit without loss.
Bez duri ne pa|a dete, ne moì da se nau~i da odi. (MNU 428). A
− 42 −
Bone Veli~kovski
115.
116.
child learns to walk after many falls.
Bez duri ne se ispoti{, v ambar ne moì{ da turi{. (MNU 430).
Your barn will be empty unless you sweat.
Bez èna, bez ku}a. (MNU 431). A man without a wife is like being
without a house. It is not good that the man should be alone. A man without a wife
is but half a man.
117.
Bez zdravje nemat bogatstvo. (Kav. 214). Health is better than wealth.
118.
Bez maka nema nauka. (MNU 435). Without suffering, there is no knowledge.
Bez mera koj{to jadi, brzo }e se poboli. (MNU 437). Whoever eats
without moderation, will fall sick.
Bez mera koj{to raboti, brgo }e se umori. (MNU 438). Whoever
works without moderation, will soon be exhausted.
Bez m'ka ni pesma ne se ispevjat. (Kav. 217). Without suffering, not
even a song can be sung.
Bez pari ni v raj, ni v pekol ne te priberveet. (Parite se nu`ni za
sekoja rabota i vo sekoja okolnost i slu~aj, dobar ili lo{.). (MNU
446). Without money, they won't even let you in hell or in heaven.
Bez pot nemat beri}et. (Kav. 220). No sweet without some sweat. No
Health is great riches.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
pains, no gains.
124.
Bez rabota, bez leb; bez rabota, bez ~est. (Kav. 221). No work, no
bread; no work, no honour. If you won't work, you shan't eat. He that will not
125.
Bez sloboda ko riba bez voda. (Kav. 223). To be without freedom, is to
be a fish without water.
Bela para za crnega dena. (GK II, str. 179). Beli pari za crni dni.
(Kav. 228, MNU 460, Kis. 32). Save white coins for black days. Spare
work shall not eat. No mill, no meal.
126.
when you're young and spend when you're old. For age and want save while you
may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample provision for old age. Lay up
against a rainy day. Keep something for a rainy day. Keep something for him that
rides on the white horse.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
Beloto ne prai go crno, koga te va}a inato. (MNU 472). Don't say
white is black out of sheer pigheadedness.
Beloto si e sekoga{ belo, a crnoto - crno. (MNU 473). White is
always white - and black, always black.
Berbero }e bri~i i zdrao i }elao. (MNU 485). The barber will shave
all types of heads.
Berberot na ludiot se u~i da bri~i. A barber learns to shave by shaving fools.
Besot gla |init. (Kav. 238). Anger leads to death. Anger is half madness.
Anger is a short madness.
132.
Bi go samaro, da se seti magareto. (MNU 494). Hit the saddle so that
donkey will get the hint.
− 43 −
133.
134.
135.
Bidi mu na |aolot drugar, ako saka{ da te turni v bunar. (MNU
497). Be the devil's friend and expect to be pushed down a well.
Bidi ~oek, a ne ne~oek. (MNU 498). Be a human being and not its opposite.
Biqbiqot od j'zikot si trgat. (Kav. 240). The tongue of the
nightingale talks at its head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own
throat.
136.
137.
138.
Biol vo bav~a ne se pu{ta, oti seta }e ja iscapa. (MNU 506). You
should not allow a bull into a garden, as it will destroy everything.
Blag, blag, duri muite }e go izeat. (Blag se pokaùva so zborot, a so
srceto e kako luta zmija.). (MNU 517). He's so sweet that the flies will eat
him; in fact, he is as poisonous as a snake.
Blaga re~ èlezna vrata otvorat. (MNU 515). Blagata lakrdija
èlezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Blagiot zbor i èlezna vrata
otvorat. (Kav. 244). A kind word opens iron gates. A soft word opens
iron gates. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way. Full of courtesy,
full of craft. A man's hat in his hand never did him any harm. Civility costs nothing.
Lip-Honour costs little, yet may bring in much.
139.
140.
Blagosoeno vino, a prokleto pijanstvo. (MNU 521). Blessed wine,
accursed drunkenness.
Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata p~ejnca. (MNU 527). Bliznata jar{ je poblaga od p~eincata. (MNU 528). A near rye is better
than wheat far away. A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Better is a neighbour that is near than a brother far off. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. A good friend is my nearest relation. A good neighbour, a
good morrow.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
Bog da ne' pazi od siroma{tija i od prostotija. (MNU 542). May
God protect us from poverty and ignorance.
Bog da ne' ~ua od ludi mladi. (MNU 543). May God protect us from
wild youth.
Bog da ne' ~ua od prepraeni svetci. (MNU 544). May God protect us
from false saints.
Bog da ne' ~ua od stari nerazbrani. (MNU 545). May God protect us
from crabby old age.
Bog da pazi od lo{i èni, od kalu|eri i od lo{i drugari. (MNU
538). May God protect us from evil women, monks and bad company.
Bog da te ~ua od gladna vo{ka: deka }e ti se zapie, meso }e ti
otkine. (MNU 551). God protect you from a hungry flea.
Bog da te ~ua od doma{en aramija. (MNU 552). May God protect us
from a thief in your own house.
Bog da te ~ua od lo{i prijateli, da za od du{mani sam }e se ~ua{.
(MNU 1200). God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can
defend myself. Save us from our friends.
− 44 −
Bone Veli~kovski
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
Bog da te ~ua od tamav}ar i od zavisliv. (MNU 554). May God protect us from the greedy and the envious.
Bog da te ~ua od tu|a beqa i od lo{a stre}a. (MNU 555). God protect you from someone else's misfortunes and quarrels.
Bog et vo srcata na tie, {to go baraat. (MNU 557). God is in the
hearts of those who seek Him.
Bog zabaat (da otplatit ili da nakaèt), ama ne zaboraat. (MNU
558). Bog, spolaj mu, zabavja ama ne zaboravuva. (MNU 563). God
stays long, but strikes at last. God hath leaden feet, but iron hands.
Bogatiot ima mnogu drugari. Rich folk have many friends. (Poslovici 14, 20; 19, 4 / Proverbs 14, 20; 19, 4).
Bogatiot ~ovek se smeta za mudar sebesi. He is wise that is rich.
(Poslovici 28, 11 / Proverbs 28, 11).
Bogatstvoto ima krilja. Riches have wings. (Poslovici 23, 5 / Proverbs 23, 5).
Boj se od tia voda. (MNU 584). Take heed of still waters. Take heed of
still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me from the still water, and I'll keep
myself from the rough. Still waters run deep.
157.
158.
159.
Bolen leì lo{io ~ovek, na postela et i pak od lo{oto ne se
ostava. (MNU 589). Even on his sick bed, the evil man persists in his
wicked ways.
Bolesta et po lu|eto, a ne po planiweto i po kameweto. (MNU
597). Sickness is found amongst people, not in mountains and rocks.
Bolesta idi u ~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Mischief
comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce. Diseases come on horseback,
but go away on foot.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
Bolesta lesno doa|a, a lesno ne si ode. (MNU 600). Illness comes
easily, but is very hard to get rid of. Mischief has swift wings.
Bolesta se va}a za ~oeka kako nekoja pijaica. (MNU 601). Disease
fastens on people like a leech.
Bolnio vo bolesta najmnogu za greo se se}aa. (MNU 602). The sick
man usually reflects on his faults during his illness.
Bori se so zloto, i vikni go na pomo{ dobroto. (MNU 606). Struggle against evil and always call on good to help you.
Borxot e lo{ drugar. (Kav. 263). Debt is a dreadful companion.
Borxot et polo{ i od volkot. (MNU 612). Debt is worse than the
wolf.
Bradata arno ja ima bela, tuku glaata ja ima zelena. (MNU 614).
His beard is definitely white, but his head is green. He does have a white
beard, but his brains are young. If the beard were all, the goat might preach.
167.
168.
Bradata mu siva, glavata mu diva. (MNU 615). His beard is gray, but
his head is wild. The head gray and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool.
Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). He has a
beard like a king, but his brains are of a miller. The brains don't lie in the beard.
− 45 −
Mickle head, little wit.
169.
Brat za brata, sireweto so pari. (Kav. 273). Bratstvo za bratstvo,
sirewe za pari. (MNU 625). Brothers are brothers, but the cheese costs
money. Brothers should always keep good accounts with each other. Business is
170.
Brat od brat pomognat, pojak et od eden grad. (MNU 624). A brother
helped by a brother is stronger than a fortified town.
Brat sum ti, ama i vrag sum ti. (MNU 626). I can be your brother, but
I can also be a demon.
Bra}a koga }e se zbijat, tr~aj da i otmi{, oti }e se umrtvat.
(MNU 627). When brothers fight, act fast to make peace between them, or
there will be bloodshed.
Bra}a kolku i da se skaraat, pak }e se smirat. (MNU 628). No matter how terrible the quarrel between brothers, they will always be reconciled
in the end.
Brz e zajakot, ama pobrz e 'rtot. (MNU 645). The rabbit is quick, but
the hound is even quicker.
Brzata i silnata voda i od kamen mos turka. (MNU 641). The strong
and rapid rush of water can wear away bridges.
Brzata ku~ka slepi kutriwa ra|a. (MNU 643). Brzata ku~ka slepi~i{ta (ili slepi) ku~iwa ra`dat. (MNU 644). The hasty bitch
brings forth blind whelps. A fast dog (bitch) gives birth to blind dogs. (It is
business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
not necessary to do things in a hurry, it is better to reflect before doing something.
This proverb is used when someone makes a mistake, as a result of hurry and lack of
thoughtfulness, but it is not used with an offensive intention). More haste, less
speed.
177.
178.
Budalata se smejt i koga ne e za smeewe. (Kav. 290). The fool laughs
even when laughter is uncalled for.
Bukvata ubiva, a Duhot oìvuva. The letter killeth, but the spirit giveth
life. (II Korintjani 3, 6 / II Corinthians 3, 6).
V
179.
Vardi go (vrzi go) popot, za da e mirno seloto. (Kav. 291). Tie the
priest and the village will be quiet. Beware of the forepart of a woman, the hind
180.
Vardi se od krava ocpredi, a od m'ska odoyadi. (Kav. 296). Take
heed of an ox before; an ass behind, and a monk of all sides.
Vari go, pe~i go, pa si e toj. (MNU 699). Boil him, roast him, he will
always remain himself.
Vati ja koprivata, da ako saka{ da ti ja izxarka rakata. (MNU
706). Grab the nettles by hand if you want to be stung.
Vati prijatel pop, da ako saka{ da mu go rani{ kowo so zob.
part of a mule, and all sides of a priest.
181.
182.
183.
− 46 −
Bone Veli~kovski
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
(MNU 708). Be a priest's friend if you want to feed his horse oats.
Vati se da se drì{ za dab, a ne za {ip. (MNU 710). Hold on to an
oak, not to a thorn tree.
Vekov et skala: edni lu|e se ka~uvaat, a druzi sleguvaat. (MNU
718). The world is a ladder, which some people climb others descend.
Veli mu ti na ~oeka arno, da ako toj ti re~i lo{o. (MNU 722). Be
polite and say nice things to people who say awful things to you.
Veligden, Veligden! dojde i Veligden i si pojde. (MNU 720). For
all the anticipation and excitement, Easter came and Easter went.
Vera da verua{, ama i dobri raboti da prai{. (MNU 726). Be devout, but perform good deeds as well.
Vera imalo od veka i }e ima do veka. (MNU 727). Human beings
have had faith since time immemorial, and will have it for all eternity.
Verata ni se va}a, ni se gleda; ni se jadi, ni se mirisa. (MNU
730). Faith can be neither grasped with the hand, nor seen with the eye; it
can neither be eaten nor smelt.
Veresija koj dava, nepara }e napreduva. (MNU 735). Whoever is too
trusting, will not get far in business.
Veresija, (e) potresija. (MNU 736). Veresija, potresija, daj so
race, baraj so noze. (MNU 737). Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738).
Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739). From a bad paymaster get what you can.
He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing.
193.
194.
Veseloto srce go razvedruva liceto. The joy of the heart makes the
face fair. (Poslovici 15, 13 / Proverbs 15, 13).
Videla kamilata u{i, pobarala rogoj. (MNU 757). Noticing it had
ears, the camel demanded horns as well. The camel going to seek horns, lost his
ears.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
Vidi go prvo drvoto, da posle sedni pod nego. (MNU 774). Have a
good look at the tree before you decide to sit under it.
Vidi mu umot, da posle esapi go domakino. (MNU 779). His home
reflects the quality of his mind.
Vidi si v kese, da posle kupi si prase. (MNU 781). Look in your
wallet before you decide to buy the whole pig.
Vie koi ne znaete {to }e bide utre! Ye know not what shall be on the
tomorrow. (Jakov 4, 14 / James 4, 14).
Vika kako magare koga rika. (MNU 791). He's as noisy as a braying
ass.
Vikaj me grne, samo ne kr{i me. (Imeto ne e ni{~o, ami ~vekot.).
(Kav. 326). You can even call me "jug", as long as you don't break me!
Hard words break no bones. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy. Call me cousin
but cousin me not. Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt
me.
201.
Vikaj na vukot "vujko", dodeka si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Call
the wolf 'uncle' till you are in the pit. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe across
− 47 −
the bridge. The danger past and God forgotten. Once on shore, we pray no more.
202.
203.
Vikaj po volkot, duri ne vlegol vo bulukot. (MNU 789). Make sure
you yell at the wolf before he enters the flock.
Vinoto go prai ~oeka edni pati vezir, a edni pati rezil. (MNU
802). Wine can make a man feel like a lord; but there are times when it
brings total disgrace. Wine is a turncoat. Wine is a turncoat, first a friend, then an
enemy.
219.
Vinoto go razveseluva ìvotot. Vinoto go razveseluva
~ove~koto srce. Wine makes glad the heart of man. (Propovednik 10,
19 / Ecclesiastes 10, 19; Psalmi 104, 15 / Psalms 104, 15).
Vinoto kako {to stoi vo bo~va, ne stoi vo ~oveka. (MNU 803).
Wine does not sit in a man in quite the same way that it sits in a barrel.
Vinskoto grne se drì so edna raka, a pu{kata - so dve. (Za da se
sprotivstavi lesnoto na ma~noto.). (MNU 807). The wine jug is held
with one hand; to hold a rifle, you need both hands.
Visokite planiwe si nosat svoite teìwe. (MNU 811). High
mountains carry their own heavy burdens.
Visoko orelo leta, za toa daleku gleda. (MNU 814). The eagle flies
high, and that is why he sees so far and wide.
Vistinata i masloto sekoga{ izleguvaat na povr{ina. Truth and
oil are ever above.
V'lk na v'lk ni v planina ne udirat. (Kav. 423). A thief knows a thief
as a wolf knows a wolf.
V'lkot vlaknoto go menvit, ama u}ot (tabietot) ne go menvit.
(Kav. 421). The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature.
V'lkot v'~iwa ro`xat. (Kav. 424). The she-wolf will always give birth
to wolf-cubs, not lambs.
Vo vinoto e vistinata. There is truth in wine. In wine there is truth.
Vo volov rog da se skriet i pak smrta }e go najdit. (MNU 843).
Even if a man were to hide in the horn of a bull, Death will find him.
Vo golema voda golemi ribi se loet. (Kav. 346). Big fish are caught
in big waters.
Vo eden ~as ~oek ~es dobivat i vo eden izgubuat. (MNU 871). In
one hour, a man could win honour, and in one hour, he could lose it.
Vo edna gemija kaj {to imat mnogu kapidani, taja moì i da propadni. (MNU 872). A ship (regiment of soldiers) with too many captains
will soon fall apart.
Vo ednoto uo mu vleze, vo drugoto mu izleze. (MNU 875). In at one
ear and out at the other.
Vo zatvorena usta ne vleguvaat muvi. Into a shut mouth flies fly not. A
220.
Vo zborot go gleda{ blag, a vo srceto lukav. (MNU 877). You can
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
close mouth catches no flies.
− 48 −
Bone Veli~kovski
221.
see how his words are sweet and how his heart is shrewd.
Vo jaziko med nosi p~elata, a na gazo (odzadi) otrua~ka. (Cep.
2709 i 365). The bee carries honey in its tongue, poison in its tail. Bees that
have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails. Honey is sweet, but the bee
stings.
222.
Vo ku}ata na obesen ne zborvi za j'è (fortoma). (Kav. 370). Don't
talk about ropes in the house where a man has hanged himself. Never mention rope in the house of a man who has been hanged. Name not a rope in the house
of a man that was hanged himself.
223.
224.
Vo lutinata nema razum. Rage is without reason.
Vo qubovta nema razum. Love is without reason. No folly like being in
love.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
Vo matno se lovi. It is good fishing in troubled waters.
Vo neoqa i pesot b'lvi jajt. (Kav. 382). In hard times, a dog will even
eat his fleas.
Vo neoqa ne se pla~it, ami ~are se barat. (Kav. 383). In hard times,
don't whinge, but work on a solution.
Vo pogolem grad, pogolem glad. (MNU 925). In the bigger city - greater hunger.
Vo prazen ambar glu{ec ne vleguat. (MNU 926). The mouse does not
raid the empty basket (barn).
Vo svojata {kolka, biserot e bezvreden. (P.D. 487). The pearl is
worthless in its own shell. A prophet is not without honour save in his own country.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
Vo sekoe selo i grad ba{ka adet. (MNU 934). In all villages and all
towns there are different customs.
Vo sekoe stado ima crna ovca. There are black sheep in every flock.
Vo sekoj zakon ima dupki. Every law has a loophole.
Vo son se rodiv, vo son ìveam, vo son }e umram. (MNU 938). I was
born in a dream, I live in a dream, and will die in a dream.
Vo sred slepi i }orav e car. (MNU 939). In the country of the blind
the one-eyed man is king. In the Kingdom of blind men, the one-eyed is king.
Vo sto orej zdravi, eden lo{ ne se poznat. (Kav. 393). Among a
hundred walnuts, it's impossible to know the bad one.
Vo tivka voda povisoko krevaj 'i polite. (Kav. 395). Still waters run
deep. Take heed of still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me from the still
water, and I'll keep myself from the rough.
238.
239.
240.
241.
Vo ~u`da (ili tu|a) manxa ne turaj sol. (MNU 945). Don't salt other
people's dishes.
Vo {egata ima polovina vistina. Many a true word is spoken in jest.
Voda neka pijat ajvanite, jas }e pijam vino. (MNU 848). Let the
animals drink water - I'll stick to wine.
Vodata so vreme go roni kamenot. Constant dropping wears away the
stone. (Jov 14, 19 / Job 14, 19).
− 49 −
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
Voden od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav. 363). The wet man fears no rain.
Volk vo ov~a koà. (P.D. 518). A wolf in a sheep's skin. (Matej 7, 15 /
Matthew 7, 15). An ass in a lion's skin. A wolf in sheep's clothing.
Volk od volk ne se pla{it. (GK, II, str. 179). A thief knows a thief as
a wolf knows a wolf.
Volk pastrma ne ~uvat. (MNU 904, Kav. 427). The wolf will not guard
the pastrami.
Volko ako go klai{ da ti pasi ovci, toj site }e ti i' izdavi.
(MNU 884). If you put the wolf in charge of the sheep, he will devour the
whole flock. To set the wolf to keep the sheep.
Volko davi, ne davi, sekoj {to da go vidi, }e go goni. (MNU 889).
Everyone hunts down the wolf regardless of whether he is up to any mischief.
Volko dlakata ja menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU 890). The
wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature. The fox may grow gray, but never
good.
249.
250.
251.
Volko na sinoro ne davi. (MNU 895). The wolf preys farthest from his
home. The fox preys farthest from his home (den).
Volko ovca ne se ~init. (MNU 901). A wolf will never become a
sheep. The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature.
Volko sekoa{ ra|a vol~iwa, a ne jagniwa. (MNU 896). A wolf always gives birth to small wolfs, never to lambs. The wolf may lose his teeth,
but never his nature.
252.
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
Volkot vo atarot ne davi. The wolf preys farthest from his home.
Volkot go klale da (gi) vardit ovcite. (MNU 898). To set the wolf
to keep the sheep.
Vrag na vrag psaltir ne ~ete. (MNU 951). A devil will not sing
psalms to another devil.
Vrana na vrana o~i ne kopat. (MNU 956). Crows will not pick out
crows' eyes.
Vrato mu e pretrien od jaremo. (MNU 963). His neck has been blistered by the yoke.
Vrbata rodila grozje. (MNU 966). The willow bore grapes. Plant the
crab-tree where you will, it will never bear pippins.
258.
259.
260.
261.
Vrvat saatite, dnite i godiweto, kako po rekite vo|eto. (MNU
968). The hours, days, and years flow on like the waters of a river.
Vrvi si po patot ~oe~ki, za sekoj da ti zablaznit. (MNU 969).
People will be grateful to you if you just go your way like a normal human
being.
Vreme za qubewe i vreme za mrazewe. There is a time to love, and a
time to hate. (Propovednik 3, 8 / Ecclesiastes 3, 8).
Vreme za mol~ewe i vreme za zboruvawe. There is a time to speak, and
a time to be silent. (Propovednik 3, 7/ Ecclesiastes 3, 7).
− 50 −
Bone Veli~kovski
262.
263.
264.
Vreme za pla~ewe i vreme za smeewe. There is a time to weep, and a
time to laugh. (Propovednik 3, 4 / Ecclesiastes 3, 4).
Vreme za ra|awe i vreme za umirawe. There is a time to be born, and a
time to die. (Propovednik 3, 2 / Ecclesiastes 3, 2).
Vremeto (si) leta. Time flies. Time flees away without delay. Time has
wings.
265.
266.
267.
Vremeto e najgolem u~itel. Time, as he grows old, teaches many lessons. Time shall teach thee all things.
Vremeto e pari. Time is money.
Vremeto se' le~it. (Kav. 408). Time cures all things. Time is a great healer.
268.
269.
270.
271.
272.
Vremeto te~it, pqagi (rani) le~it. (Kav. 408). Time cures all
wounds. Time is a great healer.
Vremeto ~uda pravi. Time works wonders.
Vremiwata se menuvaat i nie so niv. Times change and we with them.
Vrzan pop, mirno selo. (Kav. 413). Lock up the priest if you want peace
in the village.
Vrzi go kowot kade{to }e ti kaè gazdata. A horse must be tied
where the master will have him. An ass must be tied where the master will have
him.
G
273.
Gavran gavranu o~i ne kopat. (MNU 1025). Gavraw na gavraw o~i
ne vajat. (GK, II, str. 177). Crows will not pick out crows' eyes. One crow
never pulls out another’s eyes. One crow will not pick out another crow’s eyes.
Hawks will not pick out hawks' eyes.
274.
275.
276.
277.
278.
279.
280.
Gajleto go jadi ~oeka, kako èlezoto 'r|ata. (MNU 1034). Worry
devours a person just as rust eats iron.
Gajret na bolniot, duri da mu izlezi du{ata. (MNU 1035). Console
the sick right up to the last moment.
Glaata dinamit ne mu ja cepit. (Kav. 444). He has such a hard head,
dynamite won't split it.
Glaata }e mu trgat od pustata mrza. (MNU 1056). Be not idle, and
you shall not be longing.
Glavata e postara od knigata. Years know more than books.
Gladen v'lk postred selo ojt. (Kav. 436). Hunger drives the wolf out of
the woods.
Gladen kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). The thirsty horse
doesn't mind drinking muddy water. A bellyful is a bellyful, whether it be meat
or drink.
281.
282.
Gladen ~oek sui korki griza. (MNU 1078). A hungry man will eat dry
crusts of bread. The cat is hungry when a crust contents her.
Gladna me~ka oro ne igrat. (Gladen ne moè da raboti.). (MNU
− 51 −
283.
284.
285.
1081). A hungry bear will not dance.
Gladnata koko{ka proso sonua. (MNU 1083). The hungry hen dreams
of chicken feed. The hungry hen dreams of millet. His belly cries cupboard.
Gladni o~i ne zaspivaat. (MNU 1085). The hungry eyes do not fall
asleep. The belly wants ears. Hungry bellies have no ears.
Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt. (MNU 1084). The hungry hunting dog eats
even ears of corn. Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings. Hunger finds no fault with
the cookery. Hunger is the best sauce. Hunger makes hard beans sweet.
286.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.
Gladot e najgolema sila. (Kav. 441). There is no greater power than
hunger.
Gladuam, èduam, gol, bos odam i na ~esta si stojam. (MNU 1086).
Hungry, thirsty, naked and barefoot, I still maintain my dignity.
Glasot na narodot e glasot na Boga. The voice of the people, the voice
of God. (Daniel 10, 6 / Daniel 10, 6; Otkrovenie 19, 6 / Revelation 19,
6).
Gledaj da ne kupi{ toa {to ne ti treba, oti da da ne prodai{ toa
{to ti treba. (MNU 1092). Don't buy what you don't need, or else you'll
end up selling what you do need.
Gledaj duri ne letnalo vrap~eto od raka, oti posle ma~no se
fa}a. (MNU 1093). Hold on to the bird; if it flies away it will be hard to
catch.
Gledaj se sebe kakov si, da posle da gleda{ svetskite kusuri.
(MNU 1094). Take a good look at yourself before you pick faults in others.
Gledaj sos kom{ijata da si aren. (MNU 1096). Love thy neighbour as
thyself.
Glupecot se smeta za mudar koga mol~i. Fools are wise as long as silent. (Poslovici 17, 28 / Proverbs 17, 28).
Glu{ecot {to ima samo edna dupka, brgu go fa}a ma~kata. The
mouse that has but one hole is quickly taken.
Go vatil |aolot za vrat, ta go zauzdal pijaniot. (MNU 1113). The
devil has grabbed the drunkard by the throat, and has a bit and bridle on
him.
Go izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). He swallowed the
buffalo, and choked with the tail. To swallow an ox, and be choked with the tail.
It is idle to swallow the cow and choke on the tail.
297.
298.
Go opitale ku~eto: - Zo{~o laj{? - Za{~o ne zn'm drugi zanaet
(drugo {~o da pram), reklo to. (Kav. str. 150, br. 11). Asked why it
barked, the dog replied: "It' my profession".
Go opitale starjot vol: - Ke ti e polesno ko da ora{: v brazda,
ali v ledina? - Se' mi e edno, deqmi jaremot mi e na vratov, rekol volot. (Kav. str. 149, br. 5). They asked the old bull [ox] whether
he preferred old or new fields to plough: "As long as the yoke is on my
− 52 −
Bone Veli~kovski
299.
300.
301.
neck, it's all the same to me," he answered.
Go podul nosot kako nekoj patlixan. (MNU 1170). When his is angry, his nose swells to the size of an eggplant.
Go pokanile magareto na svadba, ama mu rekle i samarot da si go
zejt. (Kav. 494). The donkey was invited to the wedding, but it was asked
to bring its saddle.
Go preplival moreto, se udajl na krajot. (Kav. 497). He swam the
whole sea, and was drowned at the shore. He came safe from the East Indies,
and was drowned in the Thames.
302.
303.
304.
305.
306.
Golemata lakomija ~oeka pobolua. (MNU 1132). Excessive greed is a
sickness.
Golemata riba golema voda barat. (Kav. 476, 475). The big fish asks
deep water. A great ship asks deep waters.
Golemata riba pomalata ja izedvit (ili jadit). (Posilniot sekoga{ go nadviva poslabiot i mu zapoveda). (MNU 1135). Big fish eat little
fish. The great fish eat up the small.
Golemata riba, golema voda saka. (MNU 1134). Big fish wants big
waters.
Golemite bolki se nemi. Small sorrows speak; great ones are silent.
Little grieves are loud, great grieves are silent. Little cares speak, great ones are
dumb.
307.
308.
Golemite korabi vo golemi vodi plovat. Great ships ask deep waters.
Golemite po~esti se golemi tovari. Great honours are great burdens.
309.
Gordosta vrvi pred gibelta, i visokoumnosta pred pa|aweto. Pride
goes before a fall. (Poslovici 16, 18 / Proverbs 16, 18). Pride never left his
310.
Gore li na kom{ijata ku}ata, tr~i da gase{ tvojata. (MNU 1181).
Look to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire.
Gospod boj mu dal, ama um ne mu dal. (Kav. 502). Tall men had ever
very empty heads.
Gospod bor~ ne pla}a. (MNU 1187). God does not pay our debts.
Gospod go kaznuva onoj, kogo go qubi. Whom the Lord loveth, he chasteneth. (Evrei 12, 6 / Hebrews 12, 6).
Gospod da me branit od budali prijateli, a od du{manite }e se
branam sam. (Kav. 507). Gospod da me vardit od prijatelite, a od
du{manite sam }e se vardam. (Kav. 513). God defend me from my
friends; from my enemies I can defend myself. Save us from our friends.
Gospod da te branit od pokonduren opinok. (Kav. 525). May God
protect you from jackboots (parvenu).
Gospod da te ~ua od diva sviwa v planina i od lo{a druìna.
(MNU 1197). God save you from the wild boar in the mountains, and bad
company.
Gospod da te ~ua od dolzi stapoi i od niski odai. (MNU 1198).
The more cost, the more honour.
master without a fall.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
− 53 −
318.
God save you from long sticks and low ceilings (beatings in dungeons).
Gospod da te ~ua od }ose ~ovek i od sakat. (MNU 1202). Beware of
him whom God hath marked. Take care of that man whom God has set his mark
upon.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
Gospod davat, ama v ambar ne ti tura. (MNU 1190). Gospod davat,
ama v ko{ara ne vnesuat. (MNU 1191). God gives, but He does not
pour grain in our barns. God gives, but He does not put in your hut.
Gospod dat, ama niz oxak ne pu{~at. (Kav. 515). God gives, but He
does not drop through the chimney. God gives the milk, but not the pail.
Gospod zabaa, ama ne zabraa. (MNU 1209). God stays long, but doesn't
forget. God stays long, but strikes at last.
Gospod i~ ne spiet. (MNU 1219). God never sleeps.
Gospod ne e ma~ka da te drapnit odedno{. (Kav. 537). God stays
long, but doesn't forget. God stays long, but strikes at last. God hath leaden feet,
but iron hands.
324.
Gospod prvo umot }e mu go zejt na ~veka, a posle stokata. (Kav.
541). When God will punish, he will first take away the understanding.
Whom the Gods would destroy, they first make mad. Whom fortune wishes to destroy, she first makes mad.
325.
326.
327.
Gospodi, Ti mu vra}a{ sekomu spored delata. As the work, so the
pay. (Psalmi 62, 12 / Psalms 62, 12; Poslovici 24, 12 / Proverbs 24,
12).
Greota e da laì{, ami i sramota e da se laì{. (MNU 1264). It is
a sin to lie, but it is a shame to deceive yourself.
Gre{kite se po insanot (qu|eto). (Kav. 563). By ignorance we mistake, and by mistakes we learn. Failure teaches success. Mistakes are often the
best teachers.
328.
329.
Grn~aro kaj saka, tam ra~ka klaa na grneto. (MNU 1275). The potter
can put the handle on the jug wherever he chooses.
Grobi{~a od glad nemat. (Kav. 566). There is no cemetery from hunger.
D
330.
331.
332.
333.
Da go ostavite volkot da gi ~uva ovcite. To set the wolf to keep the
sheep. (Matej 10, 16 / Matthew 10, 16).
Da znae ~ovek koga }e umre, grobo sam }e si iskopa. (MNU 1347). If
the man knew the exact hour of his death, he would dig his own grave immediately.
Da 'i kupime edno{ volojte, ta }e vidime koj }e 'i pasit. (Kav.
607). Let's buy the oxen first, then worry about who will take them out to
pasture.
Da me ritne nekoj at ne me bole, a da me ritne nekoe krivo ma-
− 54 −
Bone Veli~kovski
gare, ne mo`' da go trpam. (MNU 1411). When a horse kicks you, it
hurts me not, but when a lame ass kicks me, I can not bear it. When an ass
kicks you, never tell it.
334.
335.
336.
Da mu re~et: "Letat magare", toj }e izlezit da go vidit. (Kav.
630). If someone said: "There's a donkey flying in the sky," he would go out
and look.
Da ne bideme umorni da pravime dobro. Never be weary of well
doing. (Galatjani 6, 9 / Galatians 6, 9).
Da padnit na ple{~i, noson }e go skr{it. (Kav. 641). He would fall
on his back and break his nose. An unfortunate man would be drowned in a teacup.
337.
Da se gre{i, ~ove~ki e. To err is human. Every man has a fool in his sleeve.
No man is wise at all times. He is lifeless that is faultless. Even Homer sometimes
nods. No man is infallible. There are spots even in the sun.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
344.
345.
346.
Davaj si na caro danoko i na popo kolako. (MNU 1306). Give the
king your taxes and your bread to the priest.
Davalec - pitalec. (MNU 1308). Davalec, pitalec, na vratata
driskalec. (MNU 1309). He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing.
Daj veresija, ama na mrazo pi{i ja. (MNU 1360). Give a helping
hand, but record it on ice.
Daj mu na budalata stap, za da ti e skr{it glata. (Kav. 620). Give
the fool a stick so that he can break your head.
Daj mu na pijanica milostiwa, za da se bie {ega. (MNU 1376).
Give the drunkard a handout so that he can make fun of you.
Daj na pop, a ne sakaj. (MNU 1381). Give to priests, but don't ask for
anything.
Daj sadaka (milostina), na Gospoda zaem mu da{. (Kav. 622). He that
hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord.
Dala baba edna para za da se hvatit na oroto; posle davala dve za
da ja pu{~it, ama ne ja pu{~ale. (MNU 1392). Give the piper a penny
to play and two pence to leave off.
Daleko od o~i, daleko od srce. (MNU 1396). Far from eye, far from
heart. Out of sight, out of mind. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Long absent, soon
forgotten. What the eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. Salt water and
absence wash away love.
347.
Daleku odi, ama i za doma misli. (MNU 1397). Go far off, but think
about home. One's own hearth is gold's worth. East, west, home's best. Home is
home, though it be never so homely.
348.
349.
350.
Dali stomnata }e udri vo kamen, ili kamenot vo stomna, lo{o e
za stomnata. Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher,
it is bad for the pitcher.
Dva le{nika eden orev go kr{at. (MNU 1494). Two hazelnuts can
break a walnut.
Dva ostri kamewa ne meqat bra{no. (MNU 1498). Dva quti (os-
− 55 −
351.
352.
tri) kamena bra{no ne melet. (Kav. 668). Two sharp stones will not
grind flour together. Hard with hard makes not the stone wall.
Dva petla na edno buni{~e ne pejet. (Kav. 669). Dva petla na edno
buni{te ne moàt da peat. (MNU 1502). Two roosters cannot crow on
the same dunghill. Two sparrows on one ear of corn make an ill agreement.
Dvaica koga se karaat, koj povi{e vika, nego mu go davaat pravoto. (Nedeq. str. 187). Dvajca koga se karat, koj poe}e vikat, nemu
pravoto mu go davat. (MNU 1490). When two quarrel, the crowd will
say the one who shouts most is right. Of two disputants, the warmer is generally
in the wrong.
353.
354.
355.
356.
Dvajca so ist zanaet retko se sloùvaat. Two of a trade seldom
agree. The herringman hates the fisherman.
Dvapati dava koj brgu dava. He gives twice who gives quickly.
Dvapati meri, edna{ se~i. Measure twice, cut but once.
Dve lubenici pod edna mi{ka ne se nosat. (MNU 1512). Dve lubenici pod ista pazuva ne se nosat. You can't carry two watermelons
under the same arm. (This saying is used when someone wants to achieve two
aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither). Don't carry two watermelons
under one arm, or you'll lose both. If you run after two hares you will catch neither.
357.
Deveeset i devet umoj slu{aj, pak na svojot ostani. (Kav. 686).
Listen to ninety-nine opinions, yet hold to your own. Though thou hast never
so many counsellors, yet do not forsake the counsel of thy own soul.
358.
359.
360.
361.
Deka ima kva~ki, tam ima i pilci. (MNU 1542). Where there are
brooding hens, there are also chicks.
Deka nema do{ i grad e dobar. (MNU 1547). If there is no rain, hail is
good enough.
Deka nema ogin, tam nema i ~urqava. (MNU 1549). No smoke without fire. No fire, no smoke.
Deka ripa oveno, tamo ripa i jagneto. (MNU 1556). Where the ram
leaps over, the lamb follows. As the old cock crows, so the young crows. The
young pig grunts like the old sow.
362.
363.
364.
365.
366.
367.
Deka {~o jadat, tr~aj; deka {~o bijat, begaj. (MNU 1572). Run to
where they eat; run from where they beat.
Dela, a ne zborovi. Deeds, not words.
Delata govorat pove}e od zborovite. Actions speak louder than
words.
Deqmi mi cojsa kowot, sega i treva do kolena neka rastit ako
sakat. (Kav. 690). Now that my horse is dead, let the grass grow till my
knees! It is too late to shut the stable-door after the horse has bolted.
Den do den, no} do no}, pobrzu ~oekot do grob. (MNU 1578). Day by
day, night by night, man comes closer to the grave.
Den za den, go zaboraiv. (MNU 1591). One day after another passed,
and I clean forgot about it.
− 56 −
Bone Veli~kovski
368.
369.
370.
371.
372.
Denes mene, utre tebe. V~era mene, denes tebe. I today, you tomorrow. (Sirah 38, 24 / Ecclesiasticus 38, 22).
Deneska bil bogat, utre osiroma{el. (MNU 1579). Rich today, poor
tomorrow.
Deneska bil ìv, utre si umrel. (MNU 1580). Alive today, dead tomorrow.
Deneska g'ltaj, utre xvakaj. (Kav. 696). Stuff today and starve tomorrow.
Deneska ne' ima, utre ne' nema, }e zaginime kako parea. (MNU
1584). Here today, gone tomorrow - we vanish like steam. Here today and
gone tomorrow. Today gold, tomorrow dust. Today a man, tomorrow none.
373.
374.
375.
376.
Deneska o-ho-ho, utre oh i oh. (MNU 1586). Today - ha! ha! ha! Tomorrow - ah! ah! ah!
Deneska se storil gospodar, utre goedar. (MNU 1537). A lord today,
a herdsman tomorrow.
Deneska sme, utre ne sme. (Kav. 697). Here today and gone tomorrow.
Deneska ~oek se rodi i grob mu se otvori. (Nedeq. str. 183, MNU
1589). The grave opens as soon as a person is born. As soon as a man is born
he begins to die. It is as natural to die as to be born. Our lives are but our marches to
the grave.
377.
Dene{nata rabota ne ja ostavaj za utre. (MNU 1590). Never put off
till tomorrow what you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much
378.
Deno se poznava u{te od utrinata, kako }e bide do ve~era. (MNU
1596). You can tell what sort of day it is going to be first thing in the morning.
Decata gajle ne berat, zatoa i brgu rastat. (MNU 1623). Children
are carefree, and that's why they grow so quickly.
Decata kako i budalite ja kaùvaat vistinata. Children and fools
tell the truth. Children and fools cannot lie. Drunkards and fools cannot lie.
Decata na tatka si ja }e mu ja otvorat ku}ata, ja }e mu ja zatvorat.
(MNU 1624). Children can make or break a home.
Decata si se deca. Boys will be boys.
Dimi si e ku~e, pa si e ku~e, kolku saka{ ti go gali. (MNU 1647).
No matter how much it is caressed, a dog will remain a dog.
Doa|a no}, koga nikoj ne }e moè da raboti. The night comes when
no man can work. (Jovan 9, 4 / John 9, 4).
Dobar sosed, dobro utro. A good neighbour, a good morrow.
Dobra zemja - lo{ zakon. Good land: evil way.
Dobra ~orba vo staro grne. Good broth may be made in an old pot.
Dobrata majka ne veli dali saka{; taa dava. The good mother says
not, Will you? but gives.
Dobrata re~ oit na daleku, a lo{ata u{te ponadaleku. (MNU
you may be hindered tomorrow.
379.
380.
381.
382.
383.
384.
385.
386.
387.
388.
389.
− 57 −
1677). Good news goes far away, ill news goes even further. Ill news comes
apace. Ill news comes unsent for. Bad news has wings.
390.
Dobri prijateli, ama i dobri esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687).
Good friends should always keep good accounts with each other. Business is
391.
Dobrio vladika za svetec sam ne se slaga. (MNU 1680). A good bishop will not nominate himself for sainthood.
Dobriot (~ovek) prilega na budaliot. The good-natured man resembles the fool. The better-natured, the sooner undone.
Dobriot ov~ar treba da gi striè svoite ovci, a ne da gi dere. A
good shepherd must fleece his sheep, not flay them.
Dobro ime e podobro od golemo bogatstvo. A good name is better
than riches. (Poslovici 22, 1 / Proverbs 22, 1).
Dobro so dobro se vra}a. One good turn deserves another. A good deed is
business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.
392.
393.
394.
395.
never lost. Do well and have well.
396.
397.
398.
399.
400.
401.
402.
Dobro utro mu rekov, beqa si najdov. (Kav. 710). Dobro utro mu
rekov, beqata si najdov. (MNU 1699). All I said to him was "Good
morning!" and had no end trouble as a result. Even the "Good morning!" of
the evil man can harm you.
Dobrodetelnata èna e venec na svojot ma`, re~e mudriot Solomon. Koj na{ol dobra èna, ja na{ol sre}ata i dobil milost od Gospoda. Koj }e najde dobrodetelna èna? Taa vredi pove}e od biseri. A good
wife 's a goodly prize, saith Solomon the wise. (Poslovici 12, 4; 18, 22;
31, 10 / Proverbs 12, 4; 18, 22; 31, 10).
Dobrodetelta e nagrada sama za sebe. Virtue is its own reward.
Dobroto vino samo se fali. Good wine needs no bush.
Dodeka di{am, se nadevam. (P.D. 808). While there is life, there is
hope.
Dodeka ne dune vetero, listata ne se poklatuat. (MNU 1713). The
leaves will not shimmer unless the wind blows.
Dojde kosa do kamena: ja kosata }e se skr{i, ja kameno }e se
kr{it. (MNU 1726). The scythe came to the stone: whether the scythe or
the stone breaks, it remains to be seen. Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or
the stone the pitcher, it is bad for the pitcher.
403.
404.
405.
406.
407.
Dojde mu uma, koga si otide kuma. (MNU 1731). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late.
Dojdi, bre zlo, oti bez tebe u{te pozlo. (MNU 1736). Come misfortune, as without you, worse will come.
Dojdoa divi (lu|e, ta) isteraa pitomi (te). (MNU 1738). The barbarians drove out the civilised people.
Dojdoa ludi, iskaraa mirni. (MNU 1739). The ill-mannered guests
drive away the courteous ones.
Dol`nikot e sluga na pozajmuva~ot. The borrower is servant to the
− 58 −
Bone Veli~kovski
408.
409.
410.
411.
412.
lender. (Poslovici 22, 7 / Proverbs 22, 7).
Dockna ènidba, rani siraci. (Kav. 728). He that marries late, marries
ill.
Drva {to berat nepara se obogatuat. (MNU 1777). Those who go
wood - gathering don't exactly get rich.
Drvjata rastat na zemjava za dobroto na ~oe{tinata. (MNU 1776).
Trees grow on this earth for the good of humanity.
Drvoto se poznava po plodot. A tree is known by its fruit. (Matej 7,
19; 12, 33 / Matthew 7, 19; 12, 33).
Dreono se vitkat duri e mlado. (Kav. 736). D'roto se vie dode e
suroo. (MNU 1811). Best to bend while it is a twig. The tree can bend
while it is still young. Make hay while the sun shines. Hoist your sail when the
wind is fair.
413.
414.
415.
Drì se za novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli. (Kav. 739). Stick to
the old friends and the new roads. Old friends and old wine are best.
Drì si go v r'ka, da ne ti e m'ka. (Kav. 742). Hold fast when you
have.
Drug vade ko{~anite, a drug gi jade. (MNU 1795). One takes out the
chestnuts and another eats them. The poor man turns his cake and another comes
and takes it away.
416.
417.
418.
419.
420.
Drug zbira, drug }e jadit, {to ne spe~alil. (MNU 1797). One sows
and another reaps.
Drug zina, drug se pri~esti. (MNU 1799). One opens his mouth, yet
another takes the holy communion.
Drug jadi jaguridata, drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug
jadit nezdreloto, drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). The fathers
have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge.
Drug jajcata i izede, drugemu ostanaa lupe{kite. (MNU 1801).
One ate the eggs, another was left with the shells.
Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata. (Drug rabotel, a drug se
polzuva od negoviot trud). (MNU 1808). One keeps the sheep and another
takes the pay. One beats the bush and another catches the birds. Little dogs start the
hare, the great get her.
421.
422.
423.
424.
425.
Drug prai gre{kata, drug trga xezata. (MNU 1809). One makes the
mistake and another pays the fine.
Drug sadi drvoto, drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). One plants the tree
and another eats the fruit.
Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene mi se zbilo. (MNU 1796). One makes
the damage and I suffer for it.
Drugi vremiwa, drugi obi~ai. Drugo vreme, drugi um. (Kav. 747).
Other times, other manners.
Drugi jajt slivi, drugi fa{~at oskomina. (Kav. 745). One eats the
plums, and another's teeth are set on edge. One does the scathe, and another has
the scorn.
− 59 −
426.
427.
428.
429.
430.
431.
432.
433.
434.
435.
436.
437.
Drugo krojat gluvcite, drugo ma~orot. (MNU 1803). The mice are
scheming one thing, the cat another.
Drugo misli kiraxijata, drugo anxijata. (MNU 1805). The coachman is thinking one thing, the innkeeper another.
Duri da re~i{ }iselina, re~i med. (Kav. 756). You might as well say
"honey" rather than "vinegar".
Duri e v postela bolniot, }e mu zemi poe}e pari ekimot. (MNU
1826). The longer the sick man is confined, the more money the doctor will
take.
Duri ednemu ne mu se stemnit, drugemu ne mu se razdenvit. (Kav.
758). One man's breath another's death. One man's loss is another man's gain.
Duri majstorska tesla da ~ukni v ku}a, da posle }e vidi{ kolku
~init majstoro! (Cep. V, str. 35). Building and marrying of children
are great wasters. Building is a sweet impoverishing.
Duri ne vidi{ kup zemja, ne pla~i. (MNU 1839). Don't cry until you
see the mound of earth piled up.
Duri ne vidi{ rekata, ne sobuaj ga}ite. (MNU 1840). Don't take off
your pants until you come to the river.
Duri ne vrzi{ prs i ne bara{ lek, da komu kako }e mu tekni i lek
}e ti kaìt. (MNU 1842). If you don't bandage and try to heal the finger
yourself, everyone will offer you a cure.
Duri ne vrli{ rip~e, ne nao|a{ krap~e. (MNU 1884). You should
throw a little fish to catch a big one. He, who gives a duck, expects a goose.
Duri ne dai{ devet, ne zema{ deset. (MNU 1846). If you don't have
nine, you won't get ten.
Duri ne zapla~it deteto, majka mu ne mu davat da cicat. (MNU
1848). The lame tongue gets nothing. He that cannot ask cannot live. Dumb men
get no land.
438.
439.
440.
441.
442.
443.
Duri ne ja vati{ rabotata, sama ne se srabotua. (MNU 1850). If
you don't make a start, the job won't complete itself.
Duri ne se izmatit vodata, ne se va}at ribi mnogu. (MNU 1858). It
is good fishing in troubled waters.
Duri se dumet umnite (itrite), budalite si go vrvet vekov. (Kav.
776). While thinking people are trying to make sense of things, the foolish
ones get on with life.
Duri te ~estat svetot, ~esti se i ti. (MNU 1862). As long as people
respect you, you can respect yourself.
Duhot e bodar, no teloto e slabo! The spirit is willing, but the flesh is
weak. (Matej 26, 41 / Matthew 26, 41; Marko 14, 38 / Mark 14, 38; Jovan 6, 63 / John 6, 63).
Du{a dava, pari ne dava. (MNU 1870). He'd rather give up his soul than
his money.
− 60 −
Bone Veli~kovski
444.
445.
Du{a e mila, ako e bez ko{ula. @ivotot mil mu e, ako odi bez
ko{ula. (MNU 1871, 2125). Even though he hasn't a shirt on his back, he
still loves life.
Du{a od mr{a lesno ne se delit. (Kav. 784). It is hard for the body to
split with the soul.
\
446.
447.
\avolot ne saka krstena voda. The devil loves no holy water.
\avolot ni orat, ni kopat, samo 'i u~i lu|eto da se ne}a. (MNU
1889). The Devil neither ploughs nor digs; he just teaches people to hate
each another.
E
448.
449.
Eden v'lk na edno stado mu e dosta. (Kav. 806). One wolf per flock of
sheep is enough.
Eden den radost, iljada dni àlost. Short pleasure, long pain. In war,
hunting, and love men for one pleasure a thousand griefs prove.
450.
451.
452.
453.
454.
455.
456.
Eden dram milos da ima ~oek, odo{to oka alt'ni da davat v crkva.
(MNU 1906). Better to possess a gram of love, than give a kilogram of
gold in church.
Eden j'zik, a dve o~i ~vek imat. (Kav. 815). Eden j'zik, a dve u{i
~vek imat. (Kav. 816). Nature has given us two ears, two eyes and but one
tongue; to the end we should hear and see more than we speak.
Eden kako nieden. One and none is all one. One is no number.
Eden pravi, drug trga. One does the scathe, and another has the scorn.
Eden se rodil da sejt, a drugi da pejt. (Kav. 820). One man is born to
sow another to sing.
Eden see, a drug `nee! One sows and another reaps. (Jovan 4, 37 / John
4, 37).
Eden ulav frqat eden kamen v bunar, trista umni ne moàt da go
izvadat. (MNU 1913). A crazy man throws a rock down a well, and three
hundred wise men can't fish it out. A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a
hundred wise men cannot pull out.
457.
458.
Eden ~as nautro vredi kolku dva nave~er. An hour in the morning is
worth two in the evening.
Eden {ugav kow ~e{a drug. One scabby horse scrubs another. One ass
scrubs another.
459.
460.
Edna gre{ka - ve~na maka. (MNU 1928). One mistake could lead to
permanent torment.
Edna krasta koza celo stado (cel buquk) }e go okrastajt. (Kav.
829). A scabby goat will spoil all the herd. One scabbed sheep will mar a whole
flock.
− 61 −
461.
462.
463.
464.
Edna lastojca ne prajt prolet. (Kav. 830). One swallow does not
make a summer.
Edna usta, a dve r'ce ~vek imat. (Kav. 836). Man has one mouth, but
two hands.
Ednata raka drugata ja mie, a obete liceto. (MNU 1941). One hand
washes another and both the face. One hand washes the other.
Edna{ kradec, sekoga{ kradec. Once a thief, always a thief. Once a
knave, and ever a knave. He that has done ill once will do it again.
465.
466.
467.
468.
469.
470.
Edni lu|e ostarele i pak ne se odlo{ile. (MNU 1953). Some
people remain bad-natured even in old age.
Ednio edno rekol, drug drugo i se pogodile. (MNU 1955). Ednio
edno rekol i drugio iljado, i se pogodile. (MNU 1956). The one
said one price, the other another (one thousand), and they made a good
agreement. A lean agreement is better than a fat judgement.
Ednio umira od glad, a drugio go pra{al {to ru~al. (MNU 1959).
One man is dying of hunger, another asks him what he had for lunch.
Edniot ja trgat ortomata od ednio kraj, drugio od drugio: koga }e
se skinit, da vidime koj }e padnit. (MNU 1957). One person pulls
the rope in one direction, another in opposite direction; when the rope
breaks, we shall see who falls.
Edno mislet glufcite, a drugo ma~kata. (Kav. 846). The mice are
scheming one thing, the cat another.
Edno mislit kamiqata, a drugo kamiqarot. (Kav. 849). The camel
thinks one thing and he that rides him another. One thing thinks the horse, and
another he that saddles him. The horse thinks one thing and he that rides him another. One thing thinketh the bear, and another he that leadeth him.
471.
472.
473.
474.
475.
Edno mislit, drugo zborvit, treto prajt. (Kav. 848). He thinks one
thing, says another, and does a third.
Edno na srceto, drugo na jazikot. (MNU 1966). One in the heart,
another in the tongue.
Edno skapano jabolko, }e gi rasipe drugite. The rotten apple injures
its neighbours.
Edno ~vek krojt, drugo Gospod prajt. (Kav. 857). Man proposes, God
disposes.
Er {~o da zafati{ pomisli kakov }e mu bidit krajot. (Kav. 881).
Of whatever you begin, you should always bear the end in mind.
@
476.
@abata videla m'skata k'de ja kojat, si potkrenala taa nogata (da
ja potkojat). (MNU 2028). @abata videla, kak kovat, i ona si podala nogata da (e) kovat. (MNU 2027). The frog saw the horse being
shod, so it also put out its leg. The camel going to seek horns lost his ears.
− 62 −
Bone Veli~kovski
477.
@abata na suvo ne kreka. (Nedeq. str. 186). The frog doesn't croak in
dry places. Hungry bellies have no ears. His belly cries cupboard. A hungry bear
478.
@aden kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 2034). A thirsty horse doesn't
mind muddy water.
@alta, radosta se poznaa vo liceto na ~oeka. (MNU 2038). Sadness
and joy can be read on people's faces.
@elezono se kojt duri e xe{ko. (Kav. 892). Strike while the iron is
hot.
@elezoto èlezo trie, a zboroite umo. (MNU 2043). Iron whets
iron, and words mind.
@elezoto i drvo i kamen se~it, ama i nego 'r|ata go jadit. (MNU
2044). Iron can cut both wood and stone, but rust can destroy it.
@elezoto se ostri so èlezo. Iron whets iron. (Proverbs 27, 17. Poslovici 27, 17).
@elezoto se ~uka, dodeka e vru}o. (MNU 2046). @elezoto se kove
dodeka je è{ko. (MNU 2045). Strike while the iron is hot.
@ena netepana i motika neklepana ne biva. A woman, a dog, and a
walnut tree, the more you beat them the better they are. A spaniel, a woman,
will not dance.
479.
480.
481.
482.
483.
484.
485.
and a walnut-tree, the more they're beaten the better they are.
486.
487.
488.
489.
490.
491.
492.
493.
494.
495.
496.
@ena, kow, pu{ka, ne se daat na tu|a raka. (MNU 2055). A horse, a
wife, and a sword may be showen, but not lent.
@enata e dolgokosna, (a) kusoumna. (MNU 2071). @enata et dolgokosa, a kratkouma. (MNU 2073). Long hair and short wit.
@enata e od opa{kata na |avolot. Women are the devil's nets.
@enite se pla~at od maìte, maìte od ènite. (MNU 2098).
Women complain about men, and men complain about women.
@enckoto ne znait na kakov ma` }e padni, zato, koa }e se rodi, se
pla~i. (MNU 2112). When a girl is born there is much weeping, as it is
not known what sort of man she will end up with.
@ivej i ostavi gi i drugite da ìveat. Live and let live.
@ivot i zdravje i dobra misla koga da ima u ~oeka, ne mu treba
mnogu stoka. (MNU 2124). A lively, healthy and friendly person doesn't
need many possessions.
@ivot je merdivan, eden slaga, drug se ka~ue. (Nedeq. str. 186).
The world is a ladder for some to go up and some down. In the world, who
knows not to swim goes to the bottom.
@ivotot e kratok, a umetnosta - ve~na. (P.D. 991). Art is long and
life is short. He who has an art has everywhere a part.
@ivotot na ~ovekot na zemjata e borba. (P.D. 995). Life is a battle.
@ito se melit, bra{no ne padinat (ne padvit). (Kav. 932). The
millstone is turning, but there is no flour falling.
− 63 −
Z
497.
498.
499.
500.
Za badijala budalata ja gazi zemjata. (MNU 2134). The fool's presence on earth is needless.
Za biol slama, a za ma~ka riba. (MNU 2138). Hay for the ox, fish for
the cat.
Za budalata (glupaviot) nema lek. He that is born a fool is never cured.
Za vkusovite ne se diskutira. There is no accounting for tastes. Everyone as they like best. Tastes differ. Every man to his taste.
501.
502.
503.
504.
505.
506.
507.
508.
Za volkot zborvime, a toj bil zad vrata. (MNU 2145). We were
speaking of the wolf, and he happened to be behind the door.
Za guska - m'ska. (Kav. 954). Set a cow to catch a hare.
Za deca ra`xawe i vrapcite znaat (ili: moàt). (MNU 2157). It's
easy to have children - raising them is the problem.
Za edna bolva ne gori ja celata ~erga. (MNU 2163). You shouldn't
burn the rug to destroy a flea. Burn not your house to fright the mouse away.
Za edna para ne se ne}i lo{oto od nikogo. (MNU 2167). He is so
greedy, he would have himself hanged for a cent.
Za edna raka urda, o{ol duri na Bistra, (ili na Yvezda). (MNU
2169). For a handful of cottage cheese, he walked all the way to Istanbul.
Za edno zrno p~enica vrap~eto se va}a vo sklupcata i si pridaa
ìvota. (MNU 2172). The sparrow is caught in the trap, losing its life for
a grain of wheat.
Za kow {to tr~a ne treba bi~. A running horse needs no whip. A running horse needs no spur. Do not spur a free horse. A good horse should be seldom
spurred. The beast that goes always never wants blows.
509.
510.
511.
512.
513.
514.
515.
516.
517.
Za ku~e baklava ne trebat. (MNU 2186). You don't need to feed a dog
baclava.
Za qubovta nema lek. No herb will cure love.
Za magarinata sedlo ne trebit. (MNU 2192). Asses don't need a horse
saddle.
Za nerazbranjot i t'pan da bijet ne e dosta. (Kav. 980). Few words
to the wise suffice. A word to a wise man is enough.
Za neskrotliv kow treba cvrsta uzda. A boisterous horse must have a
rough bridle.
Za onoj koj e me|u ìvite, ima nade`. While there is life, there is
hope. (Propovednik 9, 4 / Ecclesiastes 9, 4).
Za o{to da jadam vrap~e, koga ima prase. (MNU 2204). Why should
I eat a sparrow when there is roast pork?
Za o{to mu e glava, koga mu e prazna. (MNU 2206). What's the use of
having a beard, if his head is empty?
Za pari se' moè da se kupi. Money will do anything. All things are obedient to money. Love does much, money does everything. Money commands all.
− 64 −
Bone Veli~kovski
518.
519.
520.
521.
522.
Za pe~ena koko{ka vera ne se prodat (vera ne prodam). (Kav. 983).
You should not sell you faith for the sake of roast chicken.
Za pop viket doktur, a za doktur viket pop. (Kav. 986). They call a
doctor for the priest, and a priest for the doctor.
Za razbranjot i ajpida da zbr~it, dosta e. (Kav. 990). Few words to
the wise suffice. A word to a wise man is enough.
Za se' ima lek osven za smrtta. There is a remedy for everything but
death.
Za se' ima merka. There is a measure in all things. Measure is treasure.
Moderation in all things.
523.
Za sekogo negoviot dom e najubav. There is no place like home. An En-
524.
Za tu|o lele ne trebi pla~ewe. (MNU 2228). A stranger's misfortunes
should not make you weep. Whoever weeps for the misfortunes of the world, will
525.
Za }efot tvoj ne si go pukam meot moj. (MNU 2229). I won't give you
satisfaction of giving myself ulcers.
Za umrenite se' najdobro. Say nothing of the dead but what is good.
glishman's home is his castle.
have no eyes left.
526.
Never speak ill of the dead. Speak well of the dead.
527.
528.
529.
530.
531.
532.
533.
534.
535.
536.
Za ~istite se' e ~isto. To the pure all things are pure. (Tit 1, 15 / Titus
1, 15).
Zabranetoto ovo{je e najslatko. Forbidden fruit is sweet. (Bitie 3, 6
/ Genesis 3, 6). Stolen fruit is sweet. Stolen waters are sweet.
Zavisliv bogat od siromav um ne priima. (MNU 2144). A jealous
rich man will not take the advice of a poor man.
Zad grbo i caro se psua. (MNU 2155). Even the king is abused behind
his back.
Zaedni~kiot kow e najlo{o potkovan. The common horse is worst
shod.
Zakonot e dobar, ako nekoj go primenuva zakonski. The law is good,
if a man use it lawfully. (I Timotej 1, 8 / I Timothy 1, 8).
Zaludo da ima{, koga ne znai{ da si pomini{. (MNU 2189). If you
don't know how to live, it is absurd to have many possessions.
Zanaet ‡ kanaet. (Kis. 29). Who has a trade, has a share everywhere.
Zanaetot e zlaten. (Kav. 974). A handful of trade is a handful of gold.
Zanaetot pari ~init. (P.D. 1044). Trade is the mother of money. A
trade is better than service.
537.
538.
539.
Zanaet~ijata rabotata go falit. (Kav. 978). The work shows the
workman. The workman is known by his work.
Zanajat bez alat ne biva. (MNU 2199). There is no trade without its
tools.
Zar toj zborual so boga, da {to znael. (MNU 2323). Come on now,
has he spoken to God Almighty Himself that he pretends to know a thing
like that?
− 65 −
540.
541.
542.
543.
Zatoa bidete mudri kako zmii i bezopasni kako gulabi. Be ye
therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. (Matej 10, 16 / Matthew
10, 16).
Zbiraj na mladost, da ima{ na starost. (P.D. 1054). Make ample
provision for old age.
Zbor od ustata ne mu izleguat, ama od srceto afrat mu izleguat.
(MNU 2241). Not a word escapes his mouth, but poison comes from his
heart.
Zbor {to }e se kaè i kamen {to }e se frli, nazad ne se vra}aat.
A word and a stone let go cannot be called back. A word spoken is past recalling. Words have wings and cannot be recalled.
544.
545.
546.
547.
Zborveweto e strebro, a mal~eweto zlato. (Kav. 1009). Speech is
silver, but silence is golden. Silence is golden.
Zboroi treba da arxi{, koga saka{ ne{to da prodai{. (MNU
2243). Many words have to be wasted when you want to sell something.
Zborojte se meret, ne se broet. (Kav. 1015). Words should be measured, not counted.
Zborot dupka ne otvorat, ama rana (pqaga) otvorat. (Kav. 1018).
Slander leaves a score behind it. If the ball does not stick to the wall, it will at
least leave a mark.
548.
Zborot duri ne go preduma{ i preìva{ arno, ne zbori go pred
sekogo. (MNU 2248). Before you speak your mind, think long and hard.
549.
Zborot ne e strela, ama polo{o od strela ustreqvit. (Kav. 1020).
A word is not an arrow, but is much deadlier when it hits the target.
Zborot rani (pqagi) otvorat. (Kav. 1022). The word opens wounds.
Zboruav, zboruav, usta me dobole i pak ne me razbra. (MNU 2253).
I talked and talked till my mouth ached, but I still didn't get through to him.
Zboruat kako prazna vodenica. (MNU 2258). He talks like an empty
mill wheel grinding away.
Zdiot maj~in i tatkov fa{~at, a kamoli kletvata. (Kav. 1027).
The very sigh of the father or mother takes effect, let alone their curse.
Zdrav duh vo zdravo telo. A sound mind in a sound body.
Zdravje - najgolemo bogatstvo (Nedeq. str. 198). Health is better than
wealth. Health is great riches.
Zdravje i topol somun, i od komiwe voda. (MNU 2279). "Good
health, hot bread and brandy", say the people who are content with life.
Zdravjeto e za ~oeko najgolemo bogatstvo. (MNU 2281). Health is a
person's greatest wealth.
Zdravjeto, parite i slobodata se baret (se cenet) ko }e 'i nema{.
(Kav. 1036). Health, money and freedom are always sought when they are
absent.
Speak fitly, or be silent wisely.
550.
551.
552.
553.
554.
555.
556.
557.
558.
− 66 −
Bone Veli~kovski
559.
560.
561.
562.
563.
564.
565.
Zdrelite kru{i divite sviwi 'i jadat. (MNU 2283). The wild boars
eat the ripe pears. Into the mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone.
Zedov, dadov od ovoj vek, zao{to ne }e se raduam. (MNU 2284). I
gave and took from this world, so why shouldn't I be cheerful?
Zelenata treva e na o~ite mila. (MNU 2285). Green grass is lively to
behold.
Zemja da ne me primi, ako te laàm! (MNU 2294). May the earth not
accept my remains, if I am lying to you!
Zemjenoto grne mora da stoi podaleku od bakarniot kotel. The
earthen pot must keep clear of the brass kettle. (Sirah 13, 2 / Ecclesiasticus
13, 2).
Zer volko ne bara magla, za da napadni ov~kite stada? (MNU
2301). Is it not fog that the wolf seeks so that he can attack the sheep flocks
more easily?
Zer deka ima brada, da itar saka da se kaì. (MNU 2304). He has
grown a beard to give every appearance of being intelligent. He knows he has
a beard, so he thinks he has much brains. It is not the beard that makes the philosopher.
566.
Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da rodi maslinki? (MNU 2306). Do you really
expect olives to grow on a willow tree? Plant the crab-tree where you will, it
567.
Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da ti rodi jabolka. (MNU 2307). Do you really
expect apples to grow on a willow tree?
Zer mu ispila ~avka umot, da nekanet na gosti }e odit. (MNU
2310). Have the crows eaten his brains that he turns up to feasts uninvited?
Zinale tamav}arite, da i goltat ìvi siromasite. (MNU 2345).
The greedy open their mouths wide to swallow the poor.
Z'jakot v planina, a toj r'èn gotvit. (Kav. 1105). The hare in the
wood, he made a spit.
Z'jakot je rekol na èqkata: "Vjaj me èqko, duri (za{~o) orelon letat nad mene". (Kav. 1107). The rabbit said to the tortoise: "Ride
on my back while the eagle is hovering above."
Zlatoto e klu~ za site vrati. (P.D. 1120. A golden key can open any
door. No lock will hold against the power of gold. He that will enter into paradise
will never bear pippins.
568.
569.
570.
571.
572.
must have a good key.
573.
574.
Zlatoto se ispituva vo ogan. Gold is tried in the fire. (I Petar 1, 7 / I
Peter 1, 7; Otkrovenie 3, 18 / Revelation 3, 18).
Zlatoto se kalit v ogan, a ~vek vo neoqa. (Kav. 1064). Gold is tempered in fire, people in suffering. Fire is the test of gold; adversity of friendship.
Gold is tried in the fire.
575.
576.
Zlo ku~e koskata je grizit, ni drugemu je dat. (Kav. 1067). The malicious dog will not gnaw the bone, nor will it give it to anyone else.
Zlo trn, zlo kopa~ka. (MNU 2357). Knotty timber must have sharp
wedges. A crabbed knot must have a crabbed wedge.
− 67 −
577.
578.
579.
580.
581.
582.
583.
584.
585.
586.
587.
588.
Zmija mu vlegla v kese, {to ne}i da si plati. (MNU 2359). Is there
a poisonous snake in his wallet that stops him from digging in and paying
up?
Zmija od nego da k'snit, }e se otrujat. (Kav. 1078). If a snake bit him,
it would be poisoned.
Znaeweto bez praksa ne vredi mnogu. Knowledge without practice is
nothing.
Znaeweto e sila. Knowledge is power.
Znait Gospod ~ie maslo gori vo tvoeto kandilo. (MNU 2371). God
knows whose oil burns in front of your icon.
Zn'eweto ostaj go ovde, a tajnata priberi si ja v grob. (Kav. 1085).
Leave your knowledge and experience behind; take your secrets with you to
the grave.
Zo{~o mi e zlaten legen koga krv }e pquvam vo nego. (Kav. 1099).
What's the good of having a golden basin if I spit blood in it?
Zo{~o mi si (si mi) na volja, ko te nemat vo neoqa. (Kav. 1102).
What use are you when I am happy, if you are absent when I am sad?
Zrelata kru{a sama si pa|a. When the pear is ripe, it falls.
Zrno po zrno - poga~a, kamen po kamen - palata. (P.D. 1141). Grain
by grain - a whole bread, stone by stone - a palace.
Zulum duri ne bide, carstvo ne gine. (P.D. 1142). Kingdoms divided
soon fall. Divide and rule.
Zulumot koga navali, lu|eto trgaat trista maki. (MNU 2379).
When there is oppression, the people suffer three hundred miseries. In time
of war, the people suffer three hundred calamities.
Y
589.
590.
Yvonecot svoj ne besi go na ~u`x oven. (Kav. 1116). Don't hang your
bell on someone else's ram.
Yid bez male~ki kam~iwa ne stoit. (ôve~koto op{testvo ne moè
da postoi, ako nema vo nego lu|e od razli~ni stepeni, duri i od najdolnite, za da moàt da se vr{at site negovi najrazli~ni nu`di.). (MNU
592.
2382). You can't build a wall without small stones.
Yid so glaa ne se turkat. (MNU 2383). You can't knock a wall down
with your head.
Yidoite imat u{i. (GK, II, str. 180). Walls have ears. Fields have eyes,
593.
Yizdot imat i o~i i u{i. (Kav. 1119). Walls have both eyes and ears.
591.
and woods have ears.
Walls have ears. Fields have eyes, and woods have ears. The day has eyes, the night
has ears.
594.
Yizdot u{i imat, plotot o~i imat. (Kav. 1120). Walls have eyes, the
fence has eyes.
− 68 −
Bone Veli~kovski
I
595.
596.
597.
598.
599.
600.
601.
602.
603.
I bez petli moè da se os'mne. (MNU 2391). The day will dawn, even
if the cock doesn't crow.
I bez pop se zakopvit. (Kav. 1127). People can be buried even without
a priest.
I bijolicana belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1130). Even the buffalo cow gives
white milk.
I b'lvana imat `'l~ka. (Kav. 1131). Even the flea has her gall. The fly
has her spleen and the ant her gall. Even a worm will turn. Tread on a worm and it
will turn.
I vodana imat u{i. (Kav. 1138). Waters have ears. The day has eyes, the
night has ears.
I Gospod se smejt koga aramja na aramja }e mu ukradit. (Kav.
1142). Even God has a good laugh when a thief robs another thief.
I da stisne{ i da prdni{, ne se mojt. (Kav. 1155). You cannot have
your cake and eat it.
I èna si za pari bi je prodal. (Kav. 1175). He would even sell his
wife for money.
I za najmiliot gostin tri dni se dosta. (Kav. 1166). Even for the
most welcome guest, three days are enough. Fish and guests stink after three
days. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three days. A constant guest is never
welcome.
604.
605.
606.
607.
I yizdojne imet u{i. (Kav. 1177). Walls have ears.
I itriot se laìt, kako budalata {to se laìt. (MNU 2421). The
intelligent person is deceived as easily as the fool is.
I j'sikana e visoka, ama senka nemat. (Kav. 1180). The poplar is tall,
but it makes no shadow.
I j'sikana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1181). The poplar is
tall, but the crows leave their droppings on it. Tall men had ever very empty
heads.
608.
609.
I lisicana e itra, ama koàta nejzina na }urk~i je prodavet.
(Kav. 1193). The fox is cunning, they still sell its fur in the market place.
I maloto kam~e moìt kola da prevrtit. (Kav. 1197). A little stone
in the way overturns a great wain. Little strokes fell great oaks. A small leak will
sink a great ship.
610.
611.
612.
613.
I ma~kana bi fa{~ala rip~iwa, ama ne sakat da si 'i kvasit
noyete. (Kav. 1206). The cat would eat fish and would not wet her feet.
I ma~orokon imat musta}i. (Kav. 1207). Even the cat has moustache.
I ma~orot ima musta}i, ama ènite go brkaat so ma{a. Even the
cat has moustache, but women chase him with tongs.
I na sviwata }e i' re~i{ vujko (ili striko), duri da si pomini{
mostot. (MNU 2486). Call the pig 'uncle' till you are safe across the
− 69 −
614.
bridge.
I najarnijot pliva~ mojt da se udajt. (Kav. 1225). Even the best
swimmer can drown. He came safe from the East Indies, and was drowned in the
Thames.
615.
616.
617.
618.
I najdobrata kola moè da se prevrti. The best cart may overthrow.
I najdobriot strelec moè da proma{i. A good marksman may
miss.
I najubavata roza na krajot ovenuva. The fairest rose at last is withered.
I na{ite petli crveni jajca noset. (Kav. 1228). Our roosters too lay
red eggs. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money.
619.
I nego go ogrjalo s'nce. (Kav. 1229). The sun has shone on him. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money.
620.
621.
622.
623.
I nemu Gospo mu pomaga, ako e druga vera. (MNU 2495). God helps
all people, including those of a different faith.
I ne~istata voda gasi poàr. Dirty water will quench fire. (Sirah 3,
29 / Ecclesiasticus 3, 30).
I ova }e pominit, ama tr'ga (luzna) }e ostajt. (Kav. 1235). We shall
overcome this as well, but a scar will remain.
'I ostajle me~kite da 'i vardet drenkite. (Kav. 1241). They set the
bears to keep the cornel berries. To set the wolf to keep the sheep. You give the
wolf the wether to keep. He sets the fox to keep his geese.
624.
625.
626.
I penot e ubav ko da e promenat i na}iten, ama pak si e pen. (Kav.
1243). A tree stump is beautiful when it is well dressed and ornated, but it is
still a stump.
I pepelta od ogni{teto mu ja iscrpa. (Karakterizirawe na bezboèn kreditor.). (MNU 2501). They even took the ashes from his fireplace (of bad creditors).
I petlite mu (ti, vi, im, je) noset. (Kav. 1244). He is such a lucky
man that his roosters lay eggs. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in
cycles. Money begets money.
627.
628.
629.
I plevnata izgore, ama i gluvcite. (MNU 2506). The barn was burnt,
but so were the mice.
I prao da kaùa, pak ne go verua. (MNU 2510). You can't believe him
even when he tells the truth.
I pr~on brada imat. (Kav. 1250). I pr~ot ima brada. (MNU 2511).
Even the goat has a beard. If the beard were all, the goat might preach. The brains
don't lie in the beard.
630.
631.
I svetcite zgre{ile, ama pak se osvetile, od koa se pokajale.
(MNU 2513). The saints were once sinners, but were canonised after doing
penance.
I se' Moe - e Toe, i Tvoeto - Moe. What's yours is mine, and what's
− 70 −
Bone Veli~kovski
632.
633.
mine is my own. (Jovan 17, 10 / John 17, 10).
I toa {to mi go dade, niz nos mi go izvade. (MNU 2539). What he
gave me, he made me pay back through the nose.
I topolana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1262). The poplar is
tall, but the crows leave their droppings on it. Tall men had ever very empty
heads.
634.
I }orata koko{ka mojt da najt zrno. (Kav. 1264). A blind hen may
sometimes find a grain. A blind man may sometimes hit the mark. A blind man
635.
I ulaiot bega od pijaniot, kamo li umniot da ne bega. (MNU
2549). Even a crazy man runs from the drunkard, let alone the thinking
man.
I umren da e, ako ~ujat za pari, bi stanal. (Kav. 1266). Even if he
were dead and buried, he would get up if he heard the word "money".
I utre imat den. (Kav. 1267). Tomorrow is another day. Never say die.
I crnata krava belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1721). Even the black cow gives
white milk. A black hen lays a white egg.
I ~oekot da ja seit ìto zemjata, ama i Gospod so sonce da ja
stoplit. (MNU 2558). Man must sow the earth with grain, but God must
warm it with the sun.
Iglata e gola, a cel svet go oblekuva. A needle is naked, but dresses
the entire world. A candle lights others and consumes itself.
Izbira~ot neènat ostanvit. (Kav. 1167). The blemish-seeker will
remain unmarried.
Izvadi si prvo gredata {~o e vo o~ite tvoi, ta posle da vidi{
raskata, ({~o) e vo o~ite na drugite. (MNU 2406). You see the
splinter in your brother's eye, but not the beam in your own.
Izgledot laè. Appearances are deceptive.
Izgorel ambarot (izgorela plevnata), izgorele i gluvcite. (Kav.
1170). The barn was burnt, but so were the mice.
Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se vra}a. Time lost cannot be won again.
may perchance catch the hare (crow).
636.
637.
638.
639.
640.
641.
642.
643.
644.
645.
An occasion lost cannot be redeemed. Yesterday will not be called again.
649.
Izobilstvoto zborovi ne biduva bez grev. A great talker is a great
liar. (Poslovici 10, 19 / Proverbs 10, 19).
Ikonomijata e du{man na siroma{~ijata. (Kav. 1187). Thrift is the
enemy of poverty.
Ikonomijata e majka na bogatstvoto. (Kav. 1188). Thrift is the mother of wealth. Spare well and have well.
Ili so sila ili so itrina. Either by might or by sleight. In the lion's skin
650.
Ima granica na se~ija strplivost. There is a limit to one's patience.
651.
Ima lo{o, ima i polo{o. (MNU 2450). There is bad, and there is
worse.
646.
647.
648.
cannot the fox's shall.
Patience provoked turns to fury.
− 71 −
652.
653.
654.
655.
656.
657.
658.
659.
Ima umira~ka za nestre}a i za stre}a. (MNU 2465). There can be
either good fortune, or misfortune, in dying.
Ima ~oek {to imat pari i pak ~oe~ki ne ìvei. (MNU 2469).
There are people with money who don't live like human beings.
Ima ~oek {to si kolni i tepa tatka si i majka si. (MNU 2470). It's
hard to believe, but there are people who abuse and even beat their own
parents!
Imaj si brada, da za ~e{li kolku ti du{a saka. (MNU 2442). Get
yourself a beard; as for combs, you can have as many as you like.
Imaj si krotko srce, ako saka{ da ìvee{ poe}e godiwe. (MNU
2445). Have peace of mind, if you want to live longer.
Imat lu|e, em ne znaat, em ne pra{aat. (MNU 2461). There are
people who don't know, yet don't even ask to find out.
Ima{ li grb, samari trista. (MNU 2474). If you have the back for it,
three hundred saddles can easily be found.
Ima{ pari - vezir, nema{ pari - reziq. (Kav. 1210). If you have
money you are a gentleman, and if you haven't you are no one. A man without money is no man at all.
660.
661.
Ima{ pari, ima{ fara (rodnini); nema{ pari, nema{ fara.
(Kav. 1212). If you have money, you have relatives; no money - no relatives.
Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est. (Kav. 1213). Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est, nema{ pari nema{ ~est. (Kav. 1214). If you have money, you have honour; no money - no honour. A man without money is no man at all. A gentleman
without an estate is like a pudding without suet. A man without money is a bow
without an arrow. Money commands all.
662.
663.
664.
665.
666.
Inaetot i od medot e poblag. Inato e poblag od medo. (MNU 2484,
2490). Stubbornness is sweeter than honey.
Inat prait kako magare na mos. (MNU 2491). Inate se kako magare na mos. (MNU 2487). He is as stubborn as a donkey on a bridge.
Inato vadi oko. (MNU 2488). Stubbornness will gouge out your eyes.
Inat~ijata umirat, ama zborot nazad ne si go zemat. (MNU 2492).
The stubborn man is dying, yet he still refuses to take back his words.
Iskopal grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego. (Kav. 1256). He who digs
a pit for others falls in himself. To make a snare for another and fall into it oneself. Harm watch, harm catch.
667.
668.
669.
670.
Iskustvoto e najdobar u~itel. (P.D. 1253). Iskustvoto e u~itel
na se'. (P.D. 1254). Experience is the best teacher.
Istr~al ko `drebe pred ruda. (Kav. 1259). He runs like a colt before
the cart. Don't put the cart before the horse.
Itar kako zmijul~e, krotok kako gulap~e. (MNU 2535). Wise as
serpents, and harmless as doves.
Itrite duri da go preesapat vekot, budalite }e go pominat.
− 72 −
Bone Veli~kovski
671.
(MNU 2546). While thinking people are trying to make sense of things, the
foolish ones get on with life.
I{~av se otvorat so jadeweto. (Kav. 1272). Appetite comes with eating. Eating and scratching wants but a beginning.
J
672.
673.
674.
675.
Ja brz terzija da bidi{, ja brz pita~, ja brz aramija. (MNU 2562).
You're either a nimble tailor, or a nimble beggar, or a nimble thief.
Ja zbirat parata kako peso bolvite. (MNU 2582). He gathers money
like a dog catches fleas.
Ja zbirat parata, kako ~umata decata. (MNU 2584). He gathers money like the plague taking children.
Ja pra{ale Cigankata ~ie dete e najubavo, taa pokaàla na Cigan~eto. The crow thinks her own bird fairest. The owl thinks her own young
fairest. Fair is not fair, but that which pleases.
676.
677.
Ja um (da ti dait gospod), - ja (v) Sveti Naum (da te pratime, za da
ti go donesat). (MNU 2622). Either a sound mind, or off to Saint Naum's
(Noam) monastery. (Saint Naum of Ohrid is traditionally regarded as a patron and
healer of the mentally ill in Macedonia).
Jadewe, piewe bratski, sirewe za pari. (MNU 2570). Eat and drink
like brothers, but business is business. Brothers should always keep good accounts with each other.
678.
679.
680.
681.
682.
683.
684.
685.
686.
687.
Jadi za da ìve{, ne ìvi za da jade{. (Nedeq. str. 198). Eat to
live, not live to eat.
Jadi, Maro, sirewe za{~o ov~ar saka{e. (Kav. 1278). Eat cheese
now, Mary, because you married a dairy farmer.
Jazel so raka ne se odvrzuat, a so sabja se prese~uat. (MNU 2585).
A knot that cannot be untied by hand, can be cut by a sword.
Jazik kquka, glava puka. (MNU 2586). The tongue talks at the head's
cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.
Jazik prait dobro, jazik prait lo{o. (MNU 2591). The tongue may
say good things, but it could talk at the head's cost.
Jal ne jal - tri ipol. (MNU 2594). Regardless of this, that, and the other, the outcome is always good.
Jas go ostaam tutunot, arno ama toj ne me ostaat. (MNU 2604). I'm
quitting tobacco, but unfortunately it won't quit me.
Jas gospodin, ti gospodin (ako sme), ami koj }e go turit ìtoto v
ambar? (MNU 2605). If I'm in charge, and you're in charge, who will put
the grain in the granary? I proud and thou proud, who shall bear the ashes out?
J'zikot koski nemat, (ama) koski kr{it. (MNU 2636). Tongue
breaks bone and itself has none. The tongue is not of steel, yet it cuts.
J'zikot se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). The tongue cuts sharper
− 73 −
than the sword. Words cut more than swords. Ill air slays sooner than the sword.
The tongue is sharper than the knife.
688.
J'opitale lisicata: - Zo{~o si tolku itra? - Za{~o imat pobudali od mene, rekla lisicata. (Kav. str. 151, br. 26). The fox said it
was cunning only because others were not as smart.
K
689.
690.
691.
692.
693.
694.
695.
696.
697.
698.
699.
Kavgata za nikogo ne e arna. (Kav. 1327). Quarrelling does no one any
good.
Kade e tvoeto bogatstvo, tamu }e bide i tvoeto srce. Where your
treasure is, there will your heart be also. (Matej 6, 21 / Matthew 6, 21).
Kade ima volja, }e se najde i na~in. Where there's a will, there's a way.
A willful man will have his way. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
Kade ima sila nema pravina. Might is right.
Kade ima trska, tamu ima voda. Where there are reeds, there is water.
Kade mi e dobro, tamu mi e domot. Where is well with me, there is my
country. A wise (valiant) man esteems every place to be his own country.
Kade nema ~est, nema ni kaewe. Where there is no honour, there is no
grief.
Kade se pileto opililo, tam mu e milo. Kaj se rodilo pileto, si
prai sedelceto. (MNU 2640, 2657). The chick's favourite spot is the
place where it was hatched.
Kade sonceto vleguva, doktorot ne doa|a. Where the sun enters, the
doctor does not.
Kade }e bide trupot, tamu orlite }e se sobiraat! Where the carcass
is, there shall the eagles be gathered together. (Matej 24, 28 / Matthew 24,
28; Luka 17, 37 / Luke 17, 37). Wheresoever the carcass is, there will the
ravens be gathered together.
Kade{to ogradata e najniska, tamu najlesno se minuva. Where the
hedge is lowest, men may soonest over. A low hedge is easily leaped over. Men
leap over where the hedge is lowest.
700.
701.
702.
Kaì mi so kakvi se druì{, }e ti kaàm kakov si. A man is
known by the company he keeps.
Kaì mi so kogo oj{, da ti kaàm kakov si. (Kav. 1330). Tell me
with whom thou goest, and I'll tell thee what thou doest.
Kaì na sviwata "vujko", dodeka da zamine{ mosto. (MNU 2644).
Call the pig 'uncle' till you are in the pit. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe
across the bridge.
703.
704.
Kaj zbor ne pomaga, tamo stap pomaga. (MNU 2649). Where words are
of no use, the rod will be useful.
Kaj {to go boli na ~oeka zabot, tamo mu oit jazikot. (MNU 2660).
The tongue ever turns to the aching tooth.
− 74 −
Bone Veli~kovski
705.
706.
707.
708.
709.
710.
711.
712.
Kaj {to zmiite èlezo grizat. (Vo lo{o i ma~no mesto o{ol.).
(MNU 2661). They were such hard times, the very snakes gnawed iron.
Kaj {to ima gnasotii, tamo se zbiraat mui. (MNU 2663). Wherever
there are disgusting smells, flies gather.
Kaj {to ima ìto ima i gluvci. No larder but hath his mice.
Kaj {to motika ne kopa, grojze ne se ra|a. (MNU 2673). Where no
spade digs, grapes will not grow.
Kaj {to ne pomaga zbor, tamo i stap ne pomaga. (MNU 2676).
Where words are of no avail, a rod is also unhelpful.
Kaj {to nemat ma~ka gluvcite barat pqa~ka. (MNU 2675). When
the cat's away, the mice will play.
Kaj {to stapi, trava ne porasna. (MNU 2683). Wherever he stood,
the grass would not grow.
Kaj {to starite ne se slu{aat, i Gospod ne mu daat. (MNU 2684).
Those who don't obey the elderly people, God doesn't help. If you wish good
advice, consult an old man.
713.
Kaj {to te vikaat, odi; kaj {to te teraat, begaj. (MNU 2685). Go
to where they call you; run from where they chase you. Run to where they eat;
run from where they beat. Give neither counsel nor salt till you are asked for it.
Come not to counsel uncalled.
714.
715.
716.
Kaj {to treba motika, ne treba molitva. (MNU 2687). When the
situation calls for a spade, prayer is not necessary.
Kak' }e soli{, tak' }e jadi{. (MNU 2819). As you salt, so shall you
eat.
Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto. (MNU 2691). Like vine, like grapes.
A chip off the old block. Like father, like son. Like mother, like daughter.
717.
718.
Kakva majka, takva }erka. Like mother, like daughter. (Ezekiel 16, 44
/ Ezekiel 16, 44).
Kakva ptica, takvi jajca. Such bird, such egg. An evil crow, an evil egg.
Like crow, like egg.
719.
720.
721.
722.
Kakva rabota, takva plata. As the work, so the pay.
Kakva re~ (}e re~e{), takov ustrel (}e udri{). (MNU 2692).
Words reveal the person.
Kakvo drvo, takov plod. Like tree, like fruit.
Kakvo drvce, takvo svir~e. Like wood, like whistle. Like wood, like arrow.
723.
724.
725.
726.
Kakvo e posejal, takvo i }e po`nie. (MNU 2695). What is sewn will
be what is worn.
Kakvo pra{awe, takov odgovor. Like question, like answer.
Kako doma nigde nema. There is no place like home.
Kako do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (MNU 2725). Kako do{lo, taka i
oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Easy come, easy go. So got, so gone. Lightly
gained, quickly lost. Quickly come, quickly go. Ill gotten, ill spent. Evil gotten, evil
spent. Come with the wind, go with the water.
− 75 −
727.
728.
729.
730.
Kako magareto i prleto. (MNU 2742). As the old ass bauls, so bauls
the young.
Kako muva na med. A fly follows the honey.
Kako prvio zalak {to e sladok, ne et i vtoriot. (MNU 2776). The
second mouthful is not as tasty as the first.
Kako si poslal, taka }e si legni{. (MNU 2783). As you make your
bed, so you must lie on it. As they brew, so let them bake. As you bake, so shall
you eat. As they brew, so let them drink.
731.
732.
Kako smrtta pred mene da si ja gledam, koga tebe }e te vidam.
(MNU 2791). Seeing him, is like seeing the Grim Reaper before my eyes.
Kako srce bolelo, taka (i) o~i plakale. (Soàlenieto i sostradanieto na{e sprema nekogo e srazmerno so na{ata qubov kon nego, t.e.
kolku pove}e go sakame, tolku pove}e }e go àlime i }e ne' boli koga bi
go na{la nekoja nesre}a i obratno.). (MNU 2793). The eyes wept exactly
733.
734.
735.
736.
as the heart ached.
Kako Struga nema druga. (MNU 2794). He who has not seen Seville has
not seen a wonder.
Kako }e ti svirat, taka }e igra{. (MNU 2800). You will dance according to the tune they play for you.
Kako {to do{lo, taka i si po{lo. (MNU 2805). Easy come, easy go.
Kako {to drobil, taka neka srka. (MNU 2806). As he cooked, so let
him eat. As you bake, so shall you eat. As they brew, so let them bake. As they
brew, so let them drink. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.
737.
Kako {to zborua, taka i misli. (MNU 2808). What the heart thinks,
the tongue speaks. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth.
Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
738.
739.
740.
741.
742.
743.
744.
745.
746.
747.
Kako {to se arxat pari za vino i rakija, taka da se arxea i za
nauka, ne }e trgaa siromasite maka. (MNU 2811). If money were
spent on education the way it is spent on beer and gambling, the people
would not suffer so much.
Kakov grev, takva kazna. As a man sinneth, so is his punishment.
Kakov kral, takov narod. Like king, like people.
Kakov mu et umot, takov mu et i domot. (MNU 2706). Such mind,
such home. Like crow, like egg.
Kakov pretsedatel, takov narod. (P.D. 1415). Like president, like
people. Like prince, like people.
Kakov stopan, takov sluga. Like master, like man. Like king, like people.
Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352). Like father, like son.
Kakov ti e atot, takov ti e i patot. (MNU 2713). As the horse, so the
road.
Kakov {to e tatkoto takov e i sino. (MNU 2715). Like father, like
son. A chip off the old block.
Kalot ne go buri~kaj da ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191). Don't stir
− 76 −
Bone Veli~kovski
mud as it will smell. Don't stir cow dung as it will smell. He that touches pitch
shall be defiled. He that has to do with what is foul never comes away clean. He that
measures oil shall anoint his fingers.
748.
749.
750.
751.
752.
753.
754.
755.
Kalu|er koj se storil, na tatko si i na majka si ne mu poàl.
(MNU 2871). Whoever became a monk never spared a thought for his
mother and father.
Kalu|er stori se, od rabota ma~na otkini se. (MNU 2872). Become
a monk, and spare yourself hard work.
Kamen da stisne, voda }e pu{ti. (P.D. 1420). He is able to get water
from a stone.
Kamen {~o se trkaqat, nigde treva ne fa{~at. (MNU 2830). Kamen {to se trkala, toj trava ne va}a. (MNU 2829). A rolling stone
gathers no moss.
Kameweto i pesokta set te{ki, ama zboroite lo{i odbezumnio
set pote{ki. (MNU 2831). Rocks are heavy, but evil words from the
thoughtless are heavier.
Kamilata oti{la da traè rogove, ta ostanala i bez u{i. (MNU
2836). Kamiqata pobarala rogoi, ta izgubila i u{ite. (MNU
2837). The camel going to seek horns lost his ears.
Kao crv vo drvo se vie siromaijo (MNU 2848). The poor man writhes
like a grub in wood.
Kapka po kapka vir stanuje. (Nedeq. str. 184). Many drops make a
pool. Many drops make a shower. Large streams from little fountains flow. Many
small make a great. Penny and penny laid up will be many.
756.
757.
758.
759.
Kapka po kapka se prai reki. (MNU 2851). Drop by drop - a river is
formed.
Kapkana i kamenon go zdlabit. (Kav. 1392). Kapkana i vo kamen
dupka otvorat. (Kav. 1391). Constant dropping wears away the stone.
Kataden Veligden ne biduat. (MNU 2859). Christmas comes but once
a year. Every day is not Sunday.
Kataden gost, (e) kako kisel grozd. (êstite poseti mu se zdodevni na
onoj {to gi prima). (MNU 2862). A guest that comes every day is like a
sour grape. Fish and guests stink after three days. Fresh fish and new-come guests
smell in three days. A constant guest is never welcome.
760.
Kafeno je crno, ama begoj go pijeet; snegot je bel, ama ku~iwata
go gazeet. (MNU 2873). The coffee is black, but the Turkish lords drink
it; the snow is white, but the dogs trample it. Pepper is black and hath a good
761.
K'de babat mnogu babi, decata bez gla se ro`xet. (Kav. 1807).
Where there are too many midwives the children are born without head. Too
762.
Ke je kno~ko se }init. (Kav. 1408). The thread breaks where it is weakest. The chain is no stronger than its weakest link.
Ke nemat ogan, ne ~adit. (Kav. 1416). No fire, no smoke. Make no fire,
smack. Spice is black, but it has a sweet smack.
many cooks spoil the broth.
763.
− 77 −
raise no smoke. No smoke without fire.
764.
765.
766.
767.
Ke skokat kozana i jareto po neja. (Kav. 1427). Where the dam leaps
over, the kid follows.
Ke {~o ne pomogvit zbor, }e pomoìt stap. (Kav. 1446). Where
words are of no use, the rod will be useful.
Ke {~o pla~et i ti pla~i, ke {~o se smeet, smej se. (Kav. 1448).
Where there is weeping, weep; where there is laughter, laugh.
Ke {~o ~adit imat i ogan. (Kav. 1450). No smoke without fire. No fire,
no smoke. Make no fire, raise no smoke.
768.
769.
Kiselo vince, radosno srce. (MNU 2883). Good vintage wine, life is
joyful and fine.
Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453). One nail drives out another.
One poison drives out another. One devil drives out another. Like cures like.
770.
771.
772.
773.
774.
775.
776.
777.
778.
779.
780.
781.
782.
783.
Ko delel Gospod um, toj stoel zad vrata. (Kav. 1498). When God was
parcelling out brains, that fellow was behind the door.
Ko na{ol E|uptinot poj}e mas, go nama~kal g'zot da mu svetit.
(Kav. 1726). They that have got good store of butter may lay it thick on
their bread.
Ko }e oj{ u v'lkot na gosti, zej go i stapot. (Kav. 1752). When you
pay a visit to the wolf, take a stick.
Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto. (Kav. 1755).
When the pig has eaten its fill, it overturns the trough.
Koga boli glavata, celoto telo e vo bolka. Ako strada eden ~len, so
nego stradaat site ~lenovi. When the head aches all the body is the worse.
(I Korintjani 12, 26 / I Corinthians 12, 26).
Koga bolkata spie, ne treba da se budi. When sorrow is asleep, wake
it not.
Koga brodot tone, gluvcite prvi go napu{tat. Rats desert a sinking
ship. Rats desert a falling house.
Koga da ja nema doma ma~kata, gluvcite oro si igraat. (MNU
2914). When the cat's away, the mice will play.
Koga dvajca se karet, tretiot go jajt }otegot. (Kav. 1461). When
two quarrel, the third man cops a beating.
Koga dojde umo, ne go najde kumo. (MNU 2919). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late.
Koga drvoto }e padne sekoj tr~a kon nego so svojata sekira. When
the tree is fallen every one runs to it with his axe.
Koga e za doktur, viket pop, a koga e za pop, viket doktur. (Kav.
1464). They call a doctor for the priest, and a priest for the doctor.
Koga e najpotrebno, toga{ Gospod pomaga. When need is highest,
God's help is nighest. When the night's darkest, the dawn's nearest.
Koga zgle`xa{ momi~ka, frli opuq i na majkata. (Kav. 1463).
When appraising the daughter, cast an eye on the mother as well. He that
− 78 −
Bone Veli~kovski
would the daughter win must with the mother first begin. He that would the mistress
win must with the maid first begin. Praise the child, and you make love to the mother.
784.
785.
786.
787.
788.
789.
790.
791.
792.
793.
Koga me~ka ne ti gazi lozeto, ne vikaj po nea. (MNU 2926). If the
bear is not trampling your vineyard, don't yell at it.
Koga ne te pra{aat, ne treba da kaùa{. (MNU 2934). Don't tell if
you're not being asked.
Koga nema |aolot rabota, si i e... decata. (MNU 2930). When the
Devil is unemployed, he abuses his own children.
Koga nemat glaa, ~umu mu e brada? (MNU 2932). Since he has no
(head), he doesn't need a beard.
Koga nemat pile, arna e i stra~ka. (Kav. 1470). If you have not a
chicken, feed on magpie.
Koga praj{ crkva, napraj i altar (kambanarija). (Kav. 1472).
When building a church, make an altar (a bell) as well.
Koga praj{ xamija, napraj i minare. (Kav. 1473). When building a
mosque, make a minaret as well.
Koga pusni kowa roga. (MNU 2941). At latter Lammas. (To put off for
ever).
Koga se davit ~vek, i za usviteno èlezo se fa{~at. (Kav. 1474).
Koga se davit ~vek, i za zmija se fa{~at. (Kav. 1475). A drowning
man will clutch at a straw (snake).
Koga se storil E|uptinot car, prvo tatka si go obesil. (Kav.
1478). When a knave is in a plum-tree, he has neither friend nor kin. Set a
beggar on horseback, and he'll ride to the Devil. No pride like that of an enriched
beggar.
794.
Koga si bogat ima{ mnogu prijateli, a koga }e osiroma{i{ nema
da ti ostane nitu eden. In time of prosperity friends will be plenty; in
time of adversity not one amongst twenty. Prosperity makes friends, adversity
795.
Koga si vo Rim, odnesuvaj se kako Rimjanite. When in Rome, do as
the Romans do. When you go through the country of the one-eyed, be one-eyed.
Koga siroma{tijata }e dojde na vrata, qubovta izleguva niz prozorec. When poverty comes in at the door, love flies out of the window.
tries them. Poverty parts fellowship. A poor man has no friends.
796.
Love lasts as long as money endures.
797.
Koga site }e ti re~at magare si, vreme e da po~ne{ da rika{.
When all men say you are an ass, it is time to bray. If one or three tell you, you
798.
Koga sre}ata tropa na vrata, otvori i'. When fortune knocks, open
the door. When fortune smiles, embrace her.
Koga stopanot ne e doma ku}ata se zapustuva. Master absent and
house dead.
Koga ti se gqat (ti se ~init) lisicana najkrotka, najmnogu vardi
'i koko{kite. (Kav. 1482). When the fox is on its best behaviour, give
are an ass, put on a bridle (tail). What everybody says must be true.
799.
800.
− 79 −
801.
802.
803.
804.
805.
806.
807.
808.
809.
810.
811.
812.
813.
814.
815.
extra protection to your chickens.
Koga }e dojt ~vek do pita~ki stap, sekoj begat od nego. (Kav.
1486). When a man picks up beggar's stick, everybody runs away from him.
Koga }e je dojt za nosewe, koko{kata sama }e si najt sedelo. (Kav.
1489). When the egg is about to be laid, the hen quickly finds a nest.
Koga }e najde{ med, jadi umereno, za da ne se prejade{ i da go izbluva{ izedenoto. Too much honey cloys the stomach. (Poslovici 25,
16. Proverbs 25, 16).
Koga }e se ugasi sve}ata, site èni se isti. When the candles are
out, all women are fair.
Koga }e ti dadat prase, ubavo drì ja vre}ata. When the pig is proffered, hold up the poke.
Koe leto bez gore{tina. (MNU 2968). Which summer without heat,
and which winter without cold?
Kozata e majstor, {to prai so g... petlici. (MNU 2971). Yes, I hear
what you say, but the goat is also a good craftsman - with the little buttons
that come out of his backside!
Koi se fa}aat za no` od no` }e zaginat. All they that take the sword
shall perish with the sword. (Matej 26, 52 / Matthew 26, 52; Otkrovenie
13, 10 / Revelation 13, 10). He who lives by the sword dies by the sword.
Koj arno zafa{~at, arno }e bitisat. (Kav. 1514). A good beginning
makes a good ending.
Koj arno zafa{~at, polojna rabota bitisvit. (Kav. 1515). Well
begun is half done. The first blow is half the battle.
Koj bara, }e najde. He that seeks finds. (Matej 7, 7-8 / Matthew 7, 7-8;
Luka 11, 10 / Luke 11, 10). The dog that trots finds a bone.
Koj barat èna bez kusur, bez èna }e ostanit. (Kav. 1516).
Whoever seeks a marriage partner without faults, will stay single.
Koj barat rogoi, }e zagubit i u{ite. (MNU 2991). The camel going
to seek horns lost his ears.
Koj brzo se èni poleka se kae. The end of passion is the beginning of
repentance.
Koj bura see, nevreme `nee. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches.
He that hurts another hurts himself.
816.
Koj visoko letat, nisko }e padnit. (Kav. 1538). He that flies high will
fall low. The higher standing, the lower fall. The higher the mountain, the greater
descent. The bigger they are, the harder they fall. Hasty climbers have sudden falls.
817.
818.
Koj vjat magare, }e mu go mirisat prdeòt. (Kav. 1536). He who
rides an ass, must endure his smell.
Koj vjat magare, }e mu go slu{at rikaweto. (Kav. 1537). He who
rides an ass, must listen to his bray. He who wants a mule without a fault, must
walk on foot.
819.
Koj go potiskat nosot (prstot) vo ~u`xa vrata, bez nos (bez prst)
− 80 −
Bone Veli~kovski
}e ostanit. (Kav. 1544). Put not thy hand between the bark and the tree.
Between the hammer and the anvil.
820.
Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva sinot. (P.D. 1503). Spare the rod
and spoil the child. (Poslovici 13, 24 / Proverbs 13, 24; Sirah 30, 1 /
Ecclesiasticus 30, 1). The man who has not been flogged is not educated. A pitiful
821.
Koj daleku patuval mnogu znae. He that travels far knows much. (Sirah 34, 10 / Ecclesiasticus 34, 10).
Koj d'lgo spijat, bor~lija stanvit. (Kav. 1549). Whoever sleeps in all
the time, will wake up in debt.
Koj dobro prajt, nema zo{~o da se kajt. (Kav. 1546). One never loses
by doing a good turn. A good deed is never lost.
Koj docna doa|a, lo{o sedi. (P.D. 1505). He that comes last to the pot
is soonest wroth.
Koj drìt mnogu praznici, brgu osiroma{vit. (Kav. 1548). Every
day is holiday with sluggards. He that does nothing always finds helpers.
Koj drìt praznik, prazna mu e ku}ata. (Kav. 1547). Every day is
holiday with sluggards.
Koj e apnal med, on mu znae sladosta. (MNU 3014). Whoever has
eaten honey, will know its sweetness.
Koj e k'snat od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU
3017). Whom a serpent has bitten, a lizard alarms. He that has been bitten by a
mother makes a scabby daughter. Better children weep than old men.
822.
823.
824.
825.
826.
827.
828.
serpent is afraid of a rope. Once bitten, twice shy. A scalded cat fears cold water. A
scalded dog fears cold water. A burnt child dreads the fire.
829.
Koj e }eqav, da ne sedit gologlav. (Kav. 1555). He that is bald must
not stay without a hat. He that has a head of wax must not walk in the sun. Be not
a baker if your head be of butter. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw
stones. Who has skirts of straw needs fear the fire. He that has a head of glass must
not throw stones at another.
830.
831.
Koj edno{ka izm'mit, vtor p't ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550). Koj edno{ka izm'mit, posle i vistinata da je ka`vit, ne mu vervet.
(Kav. 1550a). A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. He that once
deceives is ever suspected.
Koj àqat klinecot, (toj) }e zagubit plo~ata; (a) koj àqat
plo~ata, (toj) }e zagubit i kojnot. (MNU 3019). For want of a nail
the shoe is lost; for want of a shoe the horse is lost; for want of a horse the
rider is lost. Oft times for sparing of a little cost a man has lost the large coat for
the hood.
832.
833.
Koj za sebesi e lo{, kako }e bidit za drugi aren. (Kav. 1556).
Whoever is no good for himself, will be no good for anyone else.
Koj zafa{~at mnogu rabo}e niedna ne bitisvit. (Kav. 1557). He
that begins many works will not end any. A man of many trades begs his bread
on Sunday.
834.
Koj zborvit {~o mu drago, }e slu{at {~o ne mu e drago. Koj
− 81 −
835.
836.
zborvit {~o sakat, }e slu{at {~o ne sakat. (Kav. 1559, 1560).
Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He who says
what he likes shall hear what he does not like.
Koj zborit mnogu, mnogu gre{i. (GK, II, str. 181). Whoever talks a
lot, makes many mistakes. A great talker is a great liar.
Koj zboruva kakvoto saka, on slu{a kakvoto ne saka. (MNU 3020).
Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He who says what
he likes shall hear what he does not like. He that speaks the thing he should not
hears the thing he would not.
837.
838.
839.
840.
841.
Koj zboruva see, a koj mol~i `nee. He that speaks sows and he that
holds his peace gathers.
Koj zn'jt da ~ekat, }e do~ekat. (Kav. 1561). All things come to those
who wait. Everything comes to him who waits.
Koj zn'jt mnogu zanaeti, bez ko{uqa ostanvit (bez ko{uqa ojt).
(Kav. 1562). A Jack-of-all trades and master-of-none, usually loses his
shirt. A man of many trades begs his bread on Sunday.
Koj ima bra{no doma, siromav ne slagaj go. (MNU 3164). Don't consider a man poor if he has flour in his house.
Koj ima nogo piper i v zeleto toruve. (MNU 3024). He who has
plenty of pepper will pepper his cabbage. He that has plenty of good shall have
more. The more you get, the more you want. Much would have more.
842.
Koj kak postele, taka i legnuve. (MNU 3031). As you make your bed,
so you must lie on it. As they brew, so let them bake. As they brew, so let them
843.
Koj kako rabotat, taka e i platen. (Kav. 1576). As the work, so the
pay.
Koj kamewa u kal frla }e se isprska. (Nedeq. str. 191). Whoever
throws rocks in the mud, will be splashed. Don't stir mud as it will smell. Don't
drink. As you bake, so shall you eat.
844.
stir cow dung as it will smell. He that touches pitch shall be defiled. He that has to
do with what is foul never comes away clean. He that measures oil shall anoint his
fingers.
845.
846.
Koj koj zboruva nevnimatelno, za glavata mu e. The tongue talks at
the head's cost. (Poslovici 13, 3; 21, 23 / Proverbs 13, 3; 21, 23).
Koj kopa grob na drugogo, sam pa|a u nego. (MNU 3032). Koj kopat
drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego. (Zemena od Sv. Pismo: "Koj
misli ili mu gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego"). (MNU
3034). Whoever digs a grave for another, will fall into it himself. He who
digs a pit for others falls in himself. To make a snare for another and fall into it oneself.
847.
Koj krivjot go àqat, na pravjot mu gre{it. (Kav. 1583). Koj
lo{jot go àqat, na arniot lo{o mu prajt. (Kav. 1588). Pardoning
the bad is injuring the good. Who pardons the bad, injures the good. He that helps
the evil hurts the good. Mercy to the criminal may be cruelty to the people.
− 82 −
Bone Veli~kovski
848.
849.
Koj kupvit {~o ne mu trebit, }e prodat i to {~o mu trebit. (Kav.
1584). Don't buy what you don't need, or else you'll end up selling what you
do need.
Koj laè, toj i krade. (P.D. 1528). He that will lie will steal. Lying and
thieving go together. Show me a liar and I will show you a thief.
850.
851.
852.
853.
854.
855.
Koj lo{o zboruva za drugite, }e zboruva isto i za tebe. Who chatters to you will chatter of you.
Koj lo{o prajt, lo{o do~ekvit. (Kav. 1589). He that does ill finds the
ill. He that does ill hates the light.
Koj lo{o prajt, na dobro neka ne se nadejt. (Kav. 1590). He that
does ill let him not hope for the good.
Koj malku see, malku `nee. Sow thin and mow thin.
Koj merit (ili frqat) na mnogu vrap~iwa, toj ne udirat niedno.
(Koj brka mnogu raboti, ne zavr{uva niedna.). (MNU 3041). Whoever
aims at a lot of birds at once, will not even hit one.
Koj m'mit i kradit. (Kav. 1603). He that will lie will steal. Lying and
thieving go together.
856.
857.
858.
Koj mnogu blagodarit, ne mislit da platit. (Kav. 1598). Koj mnogu
molitvit, ne mislit da vratit. (Kav. 1597). He that promises too
much means nothing.
Koj mnogu zn'jt, mnogu trgat. (Kav. 1596). Much science, much suffering. Much science, much sorrow.
Koj mu se smee na kriviot, na krajot i samiot toj }e po~ne da kuca. If you mock the lame, you will go so yourself in time. He that mocks a
cripple, ought to be whole.
859.
860.
Koj na drug mu nanesuva nepravda, sam }e si ja trga. He that hurts
another hurts himself. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches.
Koj na mladost ne u~it (ne se u~it), na starost }e se m'~it. (Kav.
1604). If you lie upon roses when young, you'll lie upon thorns when old.
An idle youth, a needy age.
861.
862.
863.
864.
Koj ne e za sebe, ne e ni za drugego. (Kav. 1612). He that is not for
himself cannot be for the others.
Koj ne e so Mene, toj e protiv Mene. He that is not with me is against
me. (Matej 12, 30 / Matthew 12, 30; Luka 11, 23 / Luke 11, 23).
Koj ne znae da gubi, ne zasluùva da dobie. He that cannot abide a bad
market deserves not a good one.
Koj ne znae da slu{a, ne moè da nareduva. He that cannot obey cannot command. He commands enough that obeys a wise man. No man can be a
good ruler unless he has first been ruled.
865.
Koj ne ja vardit parata, ne }e vardit ni gro{. (Kav. 1615). Who
will not keep a penny never shall have many. Take care of the pence, and the
866.
Koj ne moè sebesi da se povela, ne moè da gi povela ni drugite.
He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.
pounds will take care of themselves.
− 83 −
867.
Koj ne prajl ku}a i svadba, ni{to ne znait od vekov. (Cep. V, str.
35). Building and marrying of children are great wasters. Building is a sweet
868.
Koj ne probal {to e gorko, ne znae {to e slatko. He deserves not
the sweet that will not taste the sour. He knows best what good is that has en-
869.
Koj ne saka koga moè, koga }e saka ne }e moè. He that will not
when he may, when he will he shall have nay.
Koj ne se rodil, ne }e umrit; a koj se rodil, }e umrit. (MNU
3053). He that was not born, will not die. He that is once born, once must die.
impoverishing.
dured evil.
870.
All that lives must die. All men are mortal.
871.
Koj ne stiska parata, ne }e ja dostiska i lirata. (MNU 3055). Who
will not keep a penny, never shall have many. Take care of the pence, and the
872.
Koj ne }e po~nit, ne }e svr{it. (MNU 3054). He who doesn't begin,
never ends. Every beginning is hard. All beginnings are hard (difficult). It is the
pounds will take care of themselves.
first step that is difficult.
873.
874.
875.
876.
Koj nema kow, java na stap. Who hath no horse may ride on a staff.
Koj nema pari ne mu treba }ese. He that has no money needs no purse.
Koj nemat mera, nemat ni vera. (Kav. 1620). A man without moderation and restraint, is a man without faith.
Koj nemat um, imat noye. (Kav. 1621). Koj nemat vo glata, imat vo
noyete. (Kav. 1617). A forgetful head makes a weary pair of heels. Little
wit in the head makes much work for the feet. Who has not understanding, let him
have legs.
877.
878.
879.
Koj ni{to ne pra{uva, ni{to ne nau~uva. He that nothing questions,
nothing learns.
Koj nogu zborua, ili nogu znae ili nogu laè. (MNU 3057).
Whoever talks too much, either knows a great deal, or just tells lies.
Koj nosi dve lubenici pod edna mi{ka, on ostanua i bez edna. You
can't carry two watermelons under the same arm. (This saying is used when
someone wants to achieve two aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither).
If you run after two hares you will catch neither.
880.
881.
Koj odi bos, ne treba da sadi trwe. He that goes barefoot must not
plant thorns.
Koj odi po bumbar, na lajno }e go odnesit. (MNU 3070). Koj ojt po
bumbar, }e go odnesit na lepe{ka. (Kav. 1639). Koj ojt po muva, }e
go odnesit na lajno. (Kav. 1640). Whoever follows a beetle, will end up
on cow dung. Whoever follows a fly, will end up on shit. He that takes the
raven for his guide will light on carrion.
882.
883.
Koj ojt popoleka, }e ftasat podaleku. (Kav. 1641). Who goes slowly
goes far. He that goes softly goes safely. Soft pace goes far.
Koj padnal v ezero (v reka, vo voda), od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav.
− 84 −
Bone Veli~kovski
884.
885.
1643). Whoever has fallen in a lake, will not fear rain.
Koj pejt, lo{o ne mislit. (Kav. 1644). Whoever sings from the heart,
will not think evil.
Koj pita, ne skita. (MNU 3078). Who asks, doesn't wander. Better to ask
the way than to go astray. Nothing is lost for asking.
886.
Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079). Koj
pque na nagore, si pque na liceto. (MNU 3081). Koj pquvat naugore, (nemu) pqunkite mu padvet na liceto. (MNU 3080). Who spits
against the wind, it falls in his face. Who spits against the heaven, it falls in
his face. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom. Piss not against the
wind. Puff not against the wind. An arrow shot upright falls on the shooter's head.
887.
888.
Koj poe}e znait, poe}e }e trgat. (MNU 3082). He that increaseth
Knowledge increaseth sorrow.
Koj prajt arno (dobro), ne }e se kajt (ne se kajt). (Kav. 1648).
Whoever does good works, will have no regrets. One never loses by doing a
good turn.
889.
890.
Koj prs da prese~i{, se' }e te bolit. (MNU 3090). Whichever finger
you cut, it will hurt.
Koj raboti, }e zaraboti. Who works, will earn his living. A good bestir is
worth a groat.
891.
Koj rano ranit, dve stre}i grabit. (Kav. 1654). Koj rano stanvit,
vesel stanvit. (Kav. 1656). If you get up early you get two possibilities.
The early riser is a merry riser. The early riser is a better organiser. Early to bed
and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. The early bird catches the
worm. The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The Muses love the morning.
892.
893.
894.
Koj rano ru~at i mlad se oènit, ne }e se kajt. (Kav. 1655). He,
who early eats and early marries, never repents.
Koj saka da se nau~i da se krsti i moli, pratete go na more. He that
would learn to pray, let him go to sea.
Koj saka nogu, bez malku ostanua. (MNU 3092). All covet, all lose.
Grasp all, lose all. He that too much embraceth holds little.
895.
896.
897.
Koj saka rogove, i bez u{i ostanua. (MNU 3093). Whoever wants
horns, will lose his ears. The camel going to seek horns, lost his ears.
Koj sakat na starost da si po~init, na mladost trebit da se potit.
(Kav. 1659). Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow.
Koj sam se fali, sam se srami. He that praises himself spatters himself.
A man's praise in his own mouth stinks. Self-praise is no recommendation. Praise to
the face is open disgrace.
898.
899.
Koj se bie {ega, {egata odit po nego. (MNU 3097). Don't mock, for
it will come back to you.
Koj se boe od vrapcite, ne see proso. (MNU 3098). Koj se pla{it
od rap~iwa (~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669). Forbear not sowing
because of birds. He that forecasts all perils will never sail the sea. He that fore-
− 85 −
casts all perils will win no worship. He that will sail without danger must never
come upon the main sea. He that is afraid of wounds must not come nigh a battle. He
that fears leaves, let him not go into the wood.
900.
901.
902.
Koj se luti, brgo }e ostarei. (MNU 3107). Whoever is quick to anger,
will age rapidly.
Koj se nadei na nade{, ne }e ima vade{. (MNU 3111). Hope often
deludes the foolish man.
Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na m'{tejnca. (Kav. 1670). Koj se
poparil od vrelo mleko duva i vo ma{tenica. Who burned himself
with hot milk, blow on the yogurt too. (Painful experiences make us very distrustful). A scalded cat fears cold water. A scalded dog fears cold water. A burnt
child dreads the fire. He that has been bitten by a serpent is afraid of a rope. Whom a
serpent has bitten, a lizard alarms. Once bitten twice shy.
903.
904.
Koj se pravda, toj se optuùva. (P.D. 1568). He who excuses himself,
accuses himself.
Koj se ro`xat i umirat. (Kav. 1673). Whoever was born, will die;
whoever was not born, will not die. He that is once born, once must die. All that
lives must die. All men are mortal.
905.
Koj se smejt najoyadi, najblago se smejt. (Kav. 1675). He laughs best
who laughs last. He who laughs last, laughs longest. Better the last smile than the
first laughter. Laugh before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. He that laughs in the
morning, weeps at night. If you sing before breakfast, you'll cry before night. He that
sings on Friday, will weep on Sunday. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Sadness and gladness succeed each other. Let them laugh that win. He laughs who wins.
906.
907.
908.
909.
910.
911.
912.
913.
Koj se trudit, (toj) ne gubit. (MNU 3115). No pains, no gains.
Koj se hrani so nade`, umira gladen. (P.D. 1573). Who lives by hope
will die by hunger. He that lives in hope hath a slender diet.
Koj se ~init ovca (ili jagne, nego) go izedvit volkot. (MNU
3118). He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.
Koj sede na dva stola, lesno pa|a. (MNU 3102). Between two stools
one falls to the ground.
Koj sedit pod kru{a, toj jadit kru{ite. (MNU 3104). Whoever sits
under the pear tree, will eat the ripe pears.
Koj sekade pquvat, cel svet go trujat. (Kav. 1667). Whoever spits
everywhere, poisons the whole world.
Koj si bie ènata, toj si bie snagata. (MNU 3120). Whoever beats
his wife, beats his own body.
Koj si ima vinata se pla{i i od senkata. He that has a guilty conscience fears his own shadow. A guilty conscience feels continual fear. A guilty
conscience needs no accuser. The thief does fear each bush an officer.
914.
915.
Koj si imat arna (uba) èna, ne mu trebit raj. (Kav. 1563). The man
who has a good wife does not need heaven.
Koj si ja bara beqata }e si ja najde. He that seeks trouble, never
misses. Harm watch, harm catch.
− 86 −
Bone Veli~kovski
916.
Koj si nema pari v keseto, neka si ima med of ustata. (MNU
3129). He that has not money in his purse should have honey on his tongue.
He that has not silver in his purse should have silk on his tongue. He that has no
honey in his pot, let him have it in his mouth.
917.
918.
919.
920.
Koj sovet dava, ne go boli glava. The comforter's head never aches.
Koj ti i izvade o~ite? - Brat mi. - Za toa tolku dlaboko. (MNU
3135). Koj ti iskopa o~ite? - Brat mi. - Zatoa tolku globoko ti i
iskopal. (MNU 3136). Who gouged out your eyes? - My brother. - Ah!
That explains why the wounds are so deep. Between two brothers two witness and a notary.
Koj trait, raj }e nait. (MNU 3140). Patience is the path to paradise.
Koj }e se nam'~it, }e se nau~it. (Kav. 1681). No pains, no gains. Nothing to be got without pains.
921.
Koj ukradit jajce, }e ukradit i koko{ka. (Kav. 1688). He that will
steal an egg will steal a chicken. He that will steal an egg will steal an ox. He
that will steal a pin will steal a better thing.
922.
Koj fa}a smola, }e se izlepi. He that touches pitch shall be defiled.
(Sirah 13, 1 / Ecclesiasticus 13, 1). He that has to do with what is foul never
923.
Koj frla kamene u kalta, on se oprskua. (MNU 3148). Whoever
throws rocks in the mud, will be splashed.
Koj ~eka, }e do~eka. All things come to those who wait. Everything comes
comes away clean. He that measures oil shall anoint his fingers.
924.
to him who waits.
925.
926.
927.
928.
929.
Koj {tedi, ima. Spare well and have well.
Koj {~o prajt, sebesi si prajt. (Kav. 1692). He that hurts another
hurts himself. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches.
Koj {~o sakat, to mu se slu{at. (Kav. 1693). We soon believe what
we desire.
Koj {~o }e re~it slu{aj, od svojot um ne deli se. (Kav. 1694). Believe nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see.
Koja koza (ovca) se delit od stadoto (buqukot), v'lci je jadet.
(Kav. 1507). The lone sheep is in danger of the wolf. The lone man is in danger of the wolf.
930.
931.
Koja mi mesi kola~e, taja mi je tetka. (Nedeq. str. 185). Who
makes me a cake is my aunt. Let every man praise the bridge he goes over.
Koja nevesta ja mrzit da mesit leb, (taa) seedno se' bra{no seit.
(MNU 2985). Idle people have the least leisure. A sluggard takes an hundred
steps because he would not take one in due time.
932.
933.
Koja ovca se delit od stadoto, (nea) ja izedvit volkot. (MNU
2986). The lone sheep is in danger of the wolf.
Koja rabota se ostat za posle, nikoga{ ne se bitisvit. (Kav.
1509). Work left for tomorrow is never done. Never put off till tomorrow what
you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered
tomorrow.
− 87 −
934.
935.
Koja stomna poj}e p'ti ojt na voda, brgu se kr{it. (Kav. 1510). The
water pitcher that goes most often to the well, is soonest broken.
Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka, koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511).
Every magpie has its tail and every girl will find her boy. All meats to be eaten, and all maids to be wed. Every pot has its cover.
936.
937.
938.
939.
940.
941.
942.
943.
944.
945.
946.
947.
948.
949.
950.
Koj{to dava milostina, mnogu brgu osiroma{uva. (MNU 2923).
He who gives alms, soon becomes poor.
Koj{to dava na siromav milostina, pred Boga mu se nao|a. (MNU
3159). Whoever gives to the poor, will find mercy before God in the fullness of time.
Koj{to ima pari, {to saka so niv raboti. (MNU 3172). He that has
money has what he wants.
Koj{to kradi igla, kradi i {to da mu padni. (MNU 3176). Whoever steals a needle, will steal anything.
Koj{to kradi, ne }e se najadit. (MNU 3178). Whoever steals will
never be satiated.
Koj{to mnogu taksua, malku ispolnua. (MNU 3182). Whoever promises much, will deliver little.
Koj{to na mladost istura, na staros }e strada. (MNU 3184). Blind
waste in youth leads to suffering in old age.
Koj{to ne et bor~lija, za bogat se slagat. (MNU 3185). Whoever is
not in debt, should be considered rich.
Koj{to ne znait da mol~it, ne znait i da zborua. (MNU 3186).
Whoever does not know when to be silent, will not be a good speaker.
Koj{to nema um, neka nema ni glava. (MNU 3187). He who has no
brains, should not have a head.
Koj{to odi na bawa, saka ne}i, }e se ispoti. (MNU 3190). Whoever has a Turkish bath, like it or not, will sweat.
Koj{to pa|a v more, i za slamkata se va}a. (MNU 3192). Koj{to
pa|a v more, i za zmijata se va}a. (MNU 3191). A drowning man will
clutch at a straw. Whoever falls in the sea, will even grab hold of a snake.
Koj{to raboti ~esno, }e ìveit polesno. (MNU 3195). An honest
worker lives well.
Koj{to razbira od eden zbor razbirat, a koj ne razbirat i iljada
da mu veli{, pak ne }e te razberit. (MNU 3196). Whoever understands, will grasp it with a single word; whoever doesn't, will be in the dark
after a thousand repetitions.
Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3198). Koj{to rano
stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199). Koj{to rano stanua, toj ne
gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava.
(MNU 3198). The early riser is a better organiser. Early to bed and early to
rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. The morning hour has gold in its
− 88 −
Bone Veli~kovski
mouth. The Muses love the morning.
951.
Koj{to saka da si po~init na staros, neka se poma~it na mlados.
(MNU 3201). Whoever wants to rest in old age must work in youth. Eident
952.
Koj{to sam pa|at, ne trebit da pla~it. (MNU 3202). Whoever falls
through his own fault, should not complain.
Koj{to sam pa|at, ne trebit drug da go turkat. (MNU 3203).
Whoever falls of his own accord, does not need anyone to push him.
Koj{to se va}a na tanec, treba da go igrat. (MNU 3206). Whoever
joins the dance, should continue till it finishes.
Koj{to si pastri ustata, toj si pastri du{ata. (MNU 3208).
Whoever watches his tongue, looks after his soul. The more silent you keep,
(diligent) youth makes easy age.
953.
954.
955.
the better you will speak.
956.
957.
958.
959.
960.
961.
Koj{to }e ispletka koncite, ma~no }e mu go, najdi krajo. (MNU
3210). Whoever tangles up the threads, will have trouble finding their ends.
Koj{to umira edna{, ne umira dva{. (MNU 3211). Whoever dies
once, will not die twice.
Koj{to ~ini, sebe ~ini; koj{to dava, sebe davat. (MNU 3213).
Whoever is worthy, is worthy in their own right; whoever gives graciously,
gives for its own sake.
Koj{~o nose tovarot, toj mu znae teìnata. (MNU 3215). Whoever
carries the burden, knows its weight.
Koko{kana edno jajce }e snosit, cel svet }e je razberit, a
p~elata nikoj ne je zn'jt {~o prajt. (Kav. 1696). The hen lays an egg,
and let's the whole world know; the bee makes honey without anyone knowing.
Kolku glavi (lu|e), tolku umovi. So many heads, so many minds. So
many men, so many opinions. Many men have many minds.
962.
Kolku jazici znae{, tolku lu|e vredi{. As many languages you
know as many persons you are worth. With every language you learn you enrich
963.
Kolku poe}e imat skràiot, tolku poe}e stiskat. (MNU 3240).
The more he has, the more grasping the miser becomes.
Kolku postar pr~ot, tolku pojak rogot. (Kav. 1709). The older the
billy goat, the harder the horn.
Kolku prav na tapan air da ima{. (MNU 3241). May you see as
much good as there is dust on a beating drum.
Kolku si poumen, tolku si poaren. (MNU 3244). The more intelligent
you are, the more moral you will be.
Kolku stareit, (tolku) i magareit. (MNU 3245). The head gray, and
no brains yet. No fool to the old fool.
Kolku ti e pokrovot, tolku pu{~i si 'i nozete. (MNU 3246).
Kolku ti e rogoàta, tol'ku pruì 'i nogite. (GK, II, str. 181).
Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. Everyone stretches his legs ac-
your personality and you are better able to understand different points of view.
964.
965.
966.
967.
968.
− 89 −
cording to the length of his coverlet. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve
will reach. Cut your coat according to your cloth.
969.
970.
971.
972.
Kolni kako vladika. (MNU 3254). He curses like a bishop.
Komu srceto e veselo, na gozbi e postojano. A contented mind is a
continual feast. (Poslovici 15, 15 / Proverbs 15, 15). Content is happiness.
Kom{ijata e poj}e od brat. (Kav. 1722). The neighbour is more than a
brother.
Kom{iskata koko{ka se gqat kako guska. (Kav. 1725). Our neighbour's hen looks like a goose. All his geese are swans. Our neighbour's cow
yields more milk than ours. Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours. The
grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.
973.
974.
975.
976.
977.
978.
979.
980.
981.
982.
983.
984.
985.
986.
987.
Kow bez uzda si odi kaj saka. (MNU 3267). An unbridled horse goes
anywhere it likes.
Kow se falit po eden mesec, a ~vek po edna godina. (Kav. 1734).
Praise a horse after a month; wait a year before you praise a man.
Kopaj, sadi, (a) drugi jadi. (MNU 3280). You dig and you sow, and
someone else eats the produce.
Kosata mu obele, i umot ne mu dojde. (MNU 3284). The head gray,
and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool.
Kravata }e dade mleko, }e ritne da go isture. (MNU 3290). The
cow gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over.
Kradenata voda e slatka. Stolen waters are sweet. (Poslovici 9, 17 /
Proverbs 9, 17).
Kradenoto grozje e poslatko. Stolen grapes are sweeter. Stolen pleasures
are sweet. The apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest. Forbidden fruit
is sweet.
Krajot deloto go krasi. (B.D.). The end crowns the work. The end tries
all. The evening crowns the day.
Krvta voda ne biduva. (P.D. 1619). Blood is not water. Blood is thicker
than water.
Krivi so nogata, oti go boli zabot. (MNU 3298). He limps because
he has a toothache.
Krivio (gre{niot) ~oek i od senkata se boit. (MNU 3297). The
guilty man is troubled by his own shadow.
Krotkite }e ja nasledat zemjata. The meek will inherit the earth. (Matej 5, 5 / Matthew 5, 5).
Krpen bidi so ali{tata, ama ne bidi bor~lija vo ~ar{ijata.
(MNU 3318). Have patches on your clothes, but don't have debts.
Krsti se i plukni si v pazua, koga da vidi{ pijanica. (MNU
3323). Cross yourself whenever you see a drunkard.
Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (MNU 3324). Kru{ata pa|a pod
kru{ata. (MNU 3325). Kru{ata si pa|a pod koreno. (MNU 3326).
The pear falls under the pear tree. The apple never falls far from the tree. An
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Bone Veli~kovski
apple never falls far from the tree. Like father, like son. Like mother, like daughter.
988.
Krckat (~krtat) kako kolce (oska) bez katran. (Kav. 1777). It
creaks like a wheel of a cart without grease. The worst wheel of a cart creaks
989.
Kupi si prvo kom{ija, (ta) setne ku}a. (MNU 3340). First buy a
neighbour, then buy a house. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in
990.
Ku}a bez èna - vodenica bez voda. (P.D. 1631). A man without a wife
is like mill without water. A man without a wife is but half a man. It is not good
991.
Ku}ata mu gorit, a toj pesni si peit. (MNU 3354). His house is in
fire, but he continues to sing songs.
Ku~e {~o lajt, ne k'sat. (Kav. 1804). A barking dog never bites. Barking
most. The worst wheel of a cart makes most noise.
peace.
that the man should be alone.
992.
dogs seldom bite. His bark is worse than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's
a good dog, but dares not bite.
993.
Ku~iwata laet, karvanot si vrvit. (Kav. 1806). Dogs bark, but the
caravan goes on. The moon does not heed the barking of dogs.
L
994.
995.
Lavovski del. The lion's share.
Lagata kusa ja ima nogata. (MNU 3404). The lie has short legs. Lies
have short legs.
996.
997.
998.
999.
1000.
1001.
1002.
1003.
1004.
1005.
Lagata poarno ja veruaat odo{to vistinata. (MNU 3406). Falsehood is more readily believed than truth.
La` i skràv vedna{ se pogoduvaat vo pazaro. (MNU 3420). The
liar and the miser readily come to an agreement in the market place.
La`goto ima dobro pamtewe. (P.D. 1649). A liar has a good memory.
La`liv pop seedno da kaùat za boga, nikoj ne go veruat. (MNU
3423). Even if he were to talk of nothing but God, the false priest will not
be believed by anyone.
Laòt i sam sebe se laìt. (MNU 3426). The liar deceives himself as
well.
Leb i voda e najarna hrana. (MNU 3448). Bread and water is the best
food.
Legnal na kolk kako beg. (MNU 3458). He loafed around like a Turkish
lord.
Leìt mrzlivion na ple}i i ~ekat ne{to od boga da mu padnit.
(MNU 3467). The lazybones lies on his back waiting for something to fall
in his lap from heaven.
Lekare, izle~i se sam! Physician, heal thyself! (Luka 4, 23 / Luke 4,
23).
Lenosta e majka na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834). Idleness is the mother of
all vice. Idleness is the root (mother) of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.
− 91 −
1006.
1007.
Lesno e da bidi{ aren so ~u`xo arno (so ~u`xo azno, imawe).
(Kav. 1840). It is easy to give generously from someone else's bag.
Lesno e da se zborvit, ama te{ko e da se rabotat. (Kav. 1841).
Lesno e da zborvi{, ama te{ko e da stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav.
1842). Great braggers, little doers. The greatest talkers are the least doers. They
brag most that can do least. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast.
Much cry and little wool. A long tongue is a sign of a short hand.
1008.
1009.
1010.
1011.
1012.
1013.
Lete koj sedi pod senka, zime pod strea. (MNU 3487). Whoever lies
in the shade in summer, will lie under the eaves in winter.
Letoska gospodar, zimoska sluga. (MNU 3499). A master in summer,
a servant in winter.
Lisicata i axiica da bidi, pak koko{ki }e jadit. (MNU 3509).
Even if the fox were to take religious vows, don't trust it with the chickens.
Lisicata se vatila v stapica, i pak vo koko{kite gledat. (MNU
3510). Caught in a trap, the fox still looked longingly at the chickens.
Lisjeto na drvjata mu set du{ata. (MNU 3511). The leaves of the tree
are its soul.
Liceto go pokaùa srceto. (MNU 3514). The face shows the quality of
the heart. The face is the index of the mind. What the heart thinks, the tongue
speaks. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth. Out of the
abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
1014.
1015.
1016.
1017.
1018.
1019.
1020.
1021.
Liceto go prodaa devoj~eto. (MNU 3515). Beauty carries its dower in
its face.
Li~nata moma so li~otata se prodaa. (MNU 3519). Beauty carries its
dower in its face. A fair face is half a portion.
Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto gnezdo. It is an ill/sorry
bird that fouls its own nest.
Lo{ata pqaga (rana) zazdravjat, ama lo{jot zbor ne se zaborat.
(Kav. 1869). A serious wound can be healed, but an ill word can never be
forgotten. He that has an ill name is half hanged.
Lo{io ~oek zmija ne go jadit. (MNU 3536). Not even a snake will bite
the evil man.
Lo{ite (strogite) zakoni ne traat dolgo. Wrong laws make short
governance.
Lo{ite vesti patuvaat brgu. Bad news travels fast.
Lo{oto donesua u{te polo{o. (MNU 3549). The bad brings worse.
Of one ill come many. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. Misfortunes never come singly.
1022.
1023.
1024.
Lo{oto lesno idet (dojdvit), ama lesno ne si ojt, (ama m'~no si
ojt.). (Kav. 1878). An ill turn is soon done.
Lo{oto poe}e ~oek go pametua odo{to dobroto. (MNU 3550). Evil
is more easily remembered than good.
Lud g... presna rana. (MNU 3553). Luda koza, presna rana. The pea-
− 92 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1025.
1026.
1027.
cock hath fair feathers, but foul feet.
Lu|eto lesno veruvaat vo toa {to go sakaat. (P.D. 1703). We soon
believe what we desire.
Lu|eto set vrzani so al'{-vere{, kako alkite od sinxiro. (MNU
3558). Like the links of a chain, buying and selling bind everyone together.
Lu|eto set kako trevata. (Mnozina {to bile bogati osiroma{ele, i
mnozina siromasi se obogatile.). (MNU 3559). People are like the grass.
(Many rich people had become poor and many poor people had become rich).
1028.
1029.
1030.
1031.
1032.
1033.
1034.
Lut kako diva sviwa. (MNU 3574). Angry as a wild boar.
Lut kako yver. (MNU 3575). Angry as a monster.
Lut ~oek prijatel ne drìt. (MNU 3578). The wrathful man has no
friends.
Lutinata e |aolcka. (MNU 3563). Anger leads to hell.
Lutinata e na |aola molitva. (MNU 3564). Anger is a prayer to the
Devil.
Lutinata e ogon od ve~nata maka. (MNU 3565). Anger is the fire from
hell.
Lutinata et polojna ulav{tina. (MNU 3566). Anger is half madness.
Anger is the halfway house to madness.
1035.
1036.
1037.
Lutinata mnogu pakos storila. (MNU 3568). Anger brings destruction.
Lutio ~oek sam sebe se jadit. (MNU 3571). The angry man is selfdestructive. The angry man eats himself. He that is angry is seldom at ease.
Luto ako jadi{, ama blago da zboruva{. (MNU 3577). Eat hot and
spicy food, but speak sweetly.
Q
1038.
1039.
1040.
1041.
1042.
1043.
Qubeznite zborovi se kako med. (P.D. 1718). Kind words go a long
way. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Lip-Honour costs
little, yet may bring in much.
Qubi go tvojot blièn kako sebesi. Love thy neighbour as thyself.
(Levit 19, 18 / Leviticus 19, 18; Matej 19, 19; 22, 39 / Matthew 19, 19;
22, 39; Marko 12, 31, 33 / Mark 12, 31, 33; Rimjani 13, 9 / Romans 13,
9; Galatjani 5, 14 / Galatians 5, 14).
Qubov i ka{lica ne se krijet (ne moèt da se skrijet). (Kav.
1882). Love and a cough cannot be hid.
Qubovta gi pokriva site pogre{ki. Love covers many infirmities.
(Poslovici 10, 12 / Proverbs 10, 12). Love covers many faults.
Qubovta e p'lna so med i so pelin. (Kav. 1883). Love is full of honey
as well as bitter weeds.
Qubovta e po~etok na dobroto i zloto. (P.D. 1730). Love is sweet in
the beginning but sour in the ending.
− 93 −
1044.
1045.
1046.
1047.
1048.
1049.
1050.
1051.
1052.
Qubovta e rabota za tie {to se bez rabota. (P.D. 1731). Love is the
fruit of idleness.
Qubovta e silna kako smrtta. Love is strong as death. (Pesna nad
pesnite 8, 6 / Song of Solomon 8, 6).
Qubovta e slepa. Love is blind.
Qubovta e ubava, no e slepa. (MNP 2070). Love is blind. Affection
blinds reason.
Qubovta i ka{licata ne se krijat. (MNP 2071). Love and a cough
cannot be hid.
Qubovta pobeduva se'. (P.D. 1740). Love will find a way.
Qubovta ubajna ne gqat. (Kav. 1884). Love is blind.
Qubomorata e cvrsta kako grob. Jealousy is cruel as the grave. (Pesna
nad pesnite 8, 6 / Song of Solomon 8, 6).
Qu{~enkata ne padinat mnogu daleku od penot. (Kav. 1889). A chip
off the old block.
M
1053.
1054.
1055.
1056.
1057.
1058.
1059.
Magare vjaaj, kow fali. (MNU 3584). Ride on an ass and praise the
horse. Better ride on an ass that carries me than a horse that throws me.
Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne
moè{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.) (MNU 3585). You look for the ass
you ride on. You look for the horse you ride on. You are like the man that sought
his mare, and he riding on her. The butcher looked for his knife and it was in his
mouth.
Magare i (voena) muzika! (B.D.). An ass and a military band! A sow to a
fiddle. Did you ever hear an ass play on a harp?
Magare i na axilak da ojt, pak magare }e si ostanit, (}e si bidit).
(Kav. 1896). Even if the ass goes on a holy pilgrimage, it will still be an
ass. An ass stays but an ass, though returned from pilgrimage.
Magare od prekor ne umira. (MNU 3586). Calling a donkey names
will not kill it.
Magare od {ega ne umira (ne cojsvit). (Kav. 1893). An ass does not
die from being laughed at.
Magare pojde, i magare si dojde. (Cep. 4565). If an ass goes atravelling, he'll not come home a horse. Never went out ass and came home
horse. He that sends a fool expects one. Send a fool to the market (far, to France)
and a fool he will return again. How much the fool who goes to Rome excels the
fool who stays at home.
1060.
1061.
Magareto ne go vikaat na svadba za nunko, ami za da nosi voda i
drvo toareno. (MNU 3589). The donkey is not invited to the wedding to
be godfather, but rather to fetch and carry.
Magareto si e magare, makar i zlato da nosi. (S.M.). An ass is but
− 94 −
Bone Veli~kovski
an ass, though laden with gold. An ape's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be
clad in silk or scarlet.
1062.
Magareto so rikawe mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU
3590). The donkey hopes to frighten the world with its braying. The braying
of an ass does not reach heaven. The prayers of the wicked won't prevail. The moon
does not heed the barking of dogs.
1063.
Maì za jadewe, deca za rabotewe. Men to eat and children to work.
1064.
Maìte koi se umni, si 'i ~estat ènite. (MNU 3596). Intelligent
men honour their wives.
Maòt e glava na ènata. The husband is the head of the wife. (Efesjani 5, 23 / Ephesians 5, 23; I Korintjani 11, 3 / I Corinthians 11, 3).
Majska rosa sekoja kapka i florin. (Kav. 1901). Every drop of dew
in May is worth a golden coin.
Majski do`xoj pla{~et borxoj. (Kav. 1902). The rains of May, pay
the debts. April rains for men; May, for beasts. April rains for corn; May, for grass.
He has two stomachs to eat and one to work.
1065.
1066.
1067.
A dry March, wet April and cool May, fill barn and cellar and bring much hay.
1068.
1071.
Makata e za ~oeka, da duri do veka. (MNU 3627). Suffering lasts a
lifetime.
Mala ve~eri~ka - dolga ìvea~ka. (P.D. 1777). To lengthen your life,
lessen your meals.
Malite prikazni golem um davaat. (MNU 3634). Small tales give
great wisdom.
Malku, ama dobro. The mean is the best. The middle way of measure is ever
1072.
Mal~eweto e zlato. (Kav. 1915). Silence is golden. Quietness is a great
1069.
1070.
golden.
treasure. Speech is silver, but silence is golden.
1073.
1074.
1075.
1076.
1077.
1078.
1079.
1080.
1081.
Manxa {to ne jadi{, {to se griì{ ak' izgore. (MNU 3650).
Scald not your lips in another man's pottage.
Ma~ka so yvonec ne va}a glu{ec. (MNU 3669). A cat with a bell
around its neck, will not catch mice. A cat in gloves catches no mice.
Ma~kata ima devet du{i. (MNU 3671). A cat has nine lives.
Meanata et stapica za pijanicata. (MNU 3677). The pub is a trap for
the drunkard.
Medenata usta èlezni vra}e otvorat. (Kav. 1930). A soft word
opens iron gates. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way.
Me|u ~ekan i nakovalno. Between the hammer and the anvil.
Me|u ~u`xi qu|e ko da si (ko da se no`xa{), trebit da ima{
z'ja~ki u{i i sokoloj o~i. (Kav. 1935). Among strangers, you need the
ears of a rabbit and the eyes of a falcon.
Mekiot jazik kr{i i koski. Tongue breaks bone and itself has none.
Mekite posteli ne set za siromasi. (MNU 3692). Soft and comfortable beds are not for the poor.
− 95 −
1082.
1083.
1084.
1085.
1086.
1087.
1088.
1089.
1090.
Mene daj mi kopano, da ti jadi go orizo. (MNU 3699). Give me the
chicken drumstick, you eat the rice.
Mene do srce me dobole, toj mi veli: {to vika{ olele. (MNU
3700). It cut me to the heart, yet he asked, "Why do you cry out?"
Mene laga, tebe vistina. (MNU 3702). What's false for me is true for
you.
Mene mi e àl, da znam {to da mu praam na pijaniot. (MNU 3703).
If it weren't for pity's sake, I'd certainly know what to do with the drunkard.
Mene mi idit da puknam od maka, toj se smeit. (MNU 3706). I'm
close to bursting with anguish, whereas he just laughs at me.
Mene mi se zapalile ga}ite, toj veli: stoj da si zapalam cigarata.
(MNU 3707). My pants were on fire, but all he said was: "Stand still so I
can light my cigarette"!
Me~ka so mravi ne se najadvit. (Kav. 1951). A bear will not be fully
fed on ants alone.
Me~kata {to igrat u kom{iite, }e dojt da poigrat i doma ti.
(MNU 3731). A bear that dances in your neighbour's house will come to
yours too. Look to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire.
Miì da te laàm. (Nemoj da razbira{ deka jas te laàm, tuku veruvaj
mi {to ti velam, ako i da te laàm. Se upotrebuva za lu|e {to laàt
drugi taka otvoreno, ta lagite im se poznavaat, no pri seto toa pak pretendiraat da im veruva{ deka govorat vistina.). (MNU 3736). Just close
1091.
1092.
your eyes that I can put one over you.
Milosrdieto pokriva mnogu grevovi. Charity covers a multitude of
sins. (I Petar 4, 8 / I Peter 4, 8).
Milosrdieto po~nuva od doma. Charity begins at home. Love your friend,
but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself.
1093.
1094.
1095.
1096.
1097.
Mirisa pijaniot kako rasol vo mart. (MNU 3747). The drunkard
stinks like rotten cabbage.
Mladost(a) te~it kako reka, ama ne e za dva veka. (MNU 3763).
Youth will have its course.
Mladosta da ti ja imam, srceto da ti go nemam. (Kav. 1972). If the
young man would and the old man could, there would be nothing undone.
Mladosta ne e doveka. (Kav. 1973). Youth will have its course.
Mnogu arno ne e arno. More than enough is too much. You can have too
much of a good thing. Too much breaks the bag. Covetousness breaks the bag.
1098.
1099.
1100.
1101.
1102.
Mnogu babi (koga babat), kilavo dete izva`dat. (MNU 3766). Too
many midwives make deliver a hernial child. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Mnogu vreva za ni{to. Much ado about nothing.
Mnogu dadeno, od imawe, a ne od srce. (Kav. 1976). A lot was given
from having too much rather than from the heart.
Mnogu zakon, malku pravda. Much law, little justice.
Mnogu znai{, (ta i) mnogu }e trga{. (MNU 3772). You know a lot,
− 96 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1103.
1104.
1105.
1106.
so you'll have to put up with a lot.
Mnogu kosa, malku pamet. Bush natural; more hair than wit.
Mnogu lo{o pominuva koj em~i za drug. He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. (Poslovici 11, 15 / Proverbs 11, 15).
Mnogu pominalo, malu ostanalo. (MNU 3778). Much has passed, little has remained.
Mnogu p'ti i najarniot pliva~ se davit. (Kav. 1983). Seldom the
best swimmer can drown. He came safe from the East Indies, and was drowned in
the Thames.
1107.
Mnogu race blaosoeni, a mnogu usti aforesani (prokleti). (MNU
3782). Mnogu r'ce blaosoeni, mnogu usti k'lnati. (Kav. 1986).
Many hands are blessed, and many mouths are damned. Many hands make
1108.
Mnogupati odit stomnata na voda zdrava, ama edna{ den }e se
okr{it. (MNU 3777). The pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last.
Mnozina znajat za pari da vadat, a malcina znaat da i' dràt.
(MNU 3787). Keeping is harder than winning.
Mnozina imam prijateli, ama poe}e mi se ~a{a-dosti. (MNU
3788). I have many friends, but most of them are not but drinking partners.
light work.
1109.
1110.
Rich folk have many friends. The rich hath many friends. He that has a full purse
never wanted a friend. Everyone is akin to the rich man.
1111.
1112.
1113.
1114.
Mnozina lu|e si mijat racete, za da ru~aat so vladikata, a malcina }e sednat na negoata trpeza. (MNU 3791). Many wash their
hands in preparation for lunch with the bishop, but few actually get to sit at
the table with him. Many are called, but few are chosen.
Mnozina lu|e umrele i se zaboraile. (MNU 3792). Many people
have died and are forgotten.
Mnozina odat na tu|ina, ama malcina pari dobivaat. (MNU 3793).
Many go to foreign lands, but few gain wealth.
Mnozina padnale od me~, no ne tolku kako od jazikot. Words cut
more than swords. (Sirah 28, 19 / Ecclesiasticus 28, 18). Tongue breaks
bone and herself has none.
1115.
1116.
1117.
1118.
1119.
1120.
Mnozina sakaat da umrat, za od maka da kurtulisaat. (MNU 3794).
Many want to die to be free from suffering.
Mnozina se povikani, a malkumina izbrani. Many are called, but
few are chosen. (Matej 20, 16; 22, 14 / Matthew 20, 16; 22, 14).
Mnozina se pri~estuvaat, bez da se pokaat. (MNU 3796). Many take
holy communion without being penitent.
Mnozina se rodile lu|e i magariwa umrele. (MNU 3797). Many are
born as men, but die as asses.
Mnozina filozofi pasat goveda. (MNU 3800). Many philosophers
are common herdsmen.
Mnozina carei i kralei umrele, a Gospod si ìveit. (MNU 3801).
− 97 −
1122.
Many kings and emperors have died, but God abides forever.
Moli se ponekoga{ i na |aolo kako na angelo, za da ne ti naprai
lo{o. (MNU 3810). Offer a prayer to the Devil occasionally, so that he
won't harm you.
Mol~eweto e zlato. Silence is golden. Quietness is a great treasure. Quiet-
1123.
Mol~eweto zna~i odobruvawe. Silence means consent. Silence gives
1121.
ness is best.
consent.
1124.
1125.
1126.
1127.
Mol~i, ne zbori lo{o, da ne si potkasa{ jazikot. (MNU 3815).
Speak no evil in case you have to bite your tongue.
Mrava so me~ka ne moìt da se borit. (MNU 3833). An ant cannot
fight a bear.
Mrzata e krasta. (MNU 3838). Laziness is a scabby disease.
Mrzata si ja nosit siroma{tijata po sebe. (MNU 3839). Idleness is
the key of poverty. Sloth is the key to poverty. The slothful man is the beggar's
brother.
1128.
Mrzelivosta e po~etok na site lo{otii. (P.D. 1884). Idleness is the
beginning of all vice. Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root (moth-
1129.
Mrzelivosta u~i na mnogu lo{otii. Idleness is the mother of all vice.
(Sirah 33, 27 / Ecclesiasticus 33, 27).
Mrzlivio sekoa{ pra{aj go, da kaìt kolku e saatot. (MNU
3850). Always ask the loafer the time of day.
Mrzliviot e brat na pita~ot. The slothful man is the beggar's brother.
Mrzlivosta go jade ~ovekot kako 'r|ata èlezoto. Sloth, like rust,
consumes faster than labour wears.
Mrzlivosta e klu~ot za siroma{tijata. Idleness is the key of poverty. Sloth is the key to poverty.
Mrtvi i ìvi mu iskara i pak ne se strami. (MNU 3858). He
abused the man's living and dead, yet still feels no shame.
Mrtvite da stanat od grobot i pak ne moàt da go kandisaat inat~ijata. (MNU 3859). Even if the dead were to come to life, they could
not get the die-hard to change his mind.
Mrtvite so mrtvi, ìvite so ìvi. We must live by the living, not by
the dead. We must live by the quick, not by the dead. Let the dead bury the dead
er) of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.
1130.
1131.
1132.
1133.
1134.
1135.
1136.
and the living lead a gay life. Let the dead bury their dead.
1137.
1138.
1139.
Mu dojde pametta na rastura~ot, ama od koga ja izede stokata.
(MNU 3883). The good-for-nothing did come to his senses, but only after
he had wasted everything.
Mu dojde umot, ama mu pojde kumot. (MNU 3884). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late.
Mu plukaa vo liceto i pak ne se strami lo{io. (MNU 3900).
People spit in his face, but the bad man is still dead to all shame.
− 98 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1140.
1141.
Mu se ~ine na decata, oti se' {to letat se jadit. (MNU 3920).
Small children believe that everything which flies is edible.
Mu se ~ini deka pe~eni koko{ki (fazani) pa|aat od neboto. He
thinks that roasted chickens fall from the sky. He thinks that roasted larks will
fall into his mouth. To think that larks will fall into one's mouth ready roasted. You
may gape long enough ere a bird fall in your mouth. If the sky falls we shall catch
larks.
1142.
1143.
1144.
Mu turi sin mu na ogni{teto voda i go ostai siromav do veka.
(MNU 3930). The son poured water on the hearth, and left his father a
pauper.
Muata se vrzua so edno vlakno pajaìnoo, a biolo so debela ortoma. (MNU 3868). A fly can be tied with a strand of the spider's web, but
for a bull, you need a thick rope.
Mudrite se u~at na tu|ite gre{ki; ludite na svoite. Wise men
learn by other men's harms; fools, by their own. It is good to beware by other
men's harms. It is good to learn at other men's cost. He is happy whom other men's
perils make wary. Learn wisdom by the follies of others.
N
1145.
1146.
Na aramjata sekoj mu e bor~lija. (Kav. 2080). Everybody is in debt to
the thief.
Na ariàn kon zabite ne se gledat. (MNU 3939). Look not a gift
(given) horse in the mouth. Never look a gift horse in the mouth. No man ought
to look a gift horse in the mouth.
1147.
1148.
Na arnata èna ime mu vadat. (MNU 3941). They're the sort of people
who would give a bad name even to a perfectly good woman.
Na begliska ~e{ma voda nema. (MNU 3945). There is no water at the
master's fountain. He that eats the King’s goose, shall be chocked with the feathers.
1149.
1150.
1151.
1152.
1153.
1154.
1155.
Na bel kow i na ubava èna nikoj ne moè da im ugodi. He that has
a white horse and a fair wife never wants trouble.
Na bogatiot zer v grob }e mu ja klaat stokata. (MNU 3950). Will
the rich man really take his possessions with him to the grave?
Na bogatiot i kamewata mu pomagaet. (MNU 3951). Even the very
stones of the earth help the rich man.
Na budalata ne trebit da mu obesi{ yvonec, i bez yvonec se poznat. (Kav. 2090). There is no need to put a bell around the neck of the fool,
as it is obvious who it is.
Na vla`na zemja do`d ne je trebit. (Kav. 2099). The moist earth does
not need rain.
Na gladniot i piperot mu e med. (Kav. 2107). To the hungry person,
hot pepper is like honey.
Na gluvcite mu e maka, dur eden da napravi dupka, da site posle
− 99 −
1156.
1157.
1158.
1159.
1160.
1161.
1162.
1163.
1164.
1165.
niz nea }e se proviraat. (MNU 3969). Times are tough for mice until
one of them breaks through the wall; after that they can all get through.
Na gnila {tica ne gazi. (MNU 3971). Don't step on rotten floorboards.
Na Gospod mu pozajmuva koj e milostiv kon bedniot. He that hath
pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord. (Poslovici 19, 17 / Proverbs
19, 17).
Na gre{kite se u~ime za da ne gi povtorime. (P.D. 1947). By ignorance we mistake, and by mistakes we learn.
Na gre{kite se u~ime. He that doth amiss may do well.
Na dve vra}e ku~eto od gladost umirat, (cojsvit). (Kav. 2119). No
man can serve two masters.
Na docna dojdenite - koskite. He that comes last to the pot is soonest
wroth.
Na drvoto {to ra|a lu|eto frlaat kamewa. It is only at the tree
loaded with fruit that people throw stones.
Na |aolo udri mu ~ado od temjano. (MNU 4001). Give the Devil heaps
of incense smoke.
Na ednaga da si izme}ar poarno et, o{to na siot grad. (MNU
4003). No man can serve two masters. You cannot serve God and Mammon.
Na edni lu|e i petlite mu nosat jajca. (MNU 4005). Some people are
such braggarts that they''ll tell you their roosters lay eggs. Whom GOD loves,
his bitch brings forth pigs. Good things come to some when they are asleep.
1166.
1167.
1168.
1169.
1170.
1171.
1172.
Na ìv v'lk ne mu se merit opa{ka. (Kav. 2134). You cannot measure
the tail of a living wolf.
Na zdravite ne im treba lekar, tuku na bolnite! They that be whole
need not a physician, but they that are sick. (Matej 9, 12 / Matthew 9, 12;
Marko 2, 17 / Mark 2, 17; Luka 5, 31 / Luke 5, 31).
Na kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit.
(MNU 4030). The neighbour's hen lays bigger eggs. All his geese are swans.
Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours has. The grass is always greener
on the other side of the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than ours do.
Na kukov den. Na kukovo leto. At latter Lammas. (To put off forever).
Na lagata i' se kusi nozete. The lie has short legs. Lies have short legs.
Na lancko ogni{te ogon ne baraj. (MNU 4037). Don't look for fire in
last year's hearth. There are no birds of this year in last year's nests.
Na lice svetec, na srce v'lk. (Kav. 2161). In the face a saint and in the
heart he is a wolf. His face is that of a saint, but he has a wolf's heart. Beads about
the neck and the devil in the heart. The beads in the hand and the devil in capuche.
The cross on his breast and the devil in his heart.
1173.
Na lo{ sin stoka ne mu treba da mu ostaa{, oti }e ja izeit, i na
aren ne mu treba, oti sam }e si spe~alit. (MNU 4042). Don't leave
property to a bad son as he will waste it; is not necessary for the good son as
he will acquire it through his own efforts.
− 100 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1174.
1175.
1176.
1177.
1178.
1179.
Na lo{io dobrina koj prait, na |aolo kandilo mu prait. (MNU
4041). Whoever does a wicked man a favour, is lighting a candle to the Devil.
Na luta, rana lut lek. (P.D. 1982). Desperate diseases must have desperate remedies. Desperate cuts must have desperate remedies.
Na magare sedlo ne prilega. (MNU 4044). A saddle doesn't suit an ass.
Na makata ~oek i na peso brate mu velit. (MNU 4050). During hard
times, a man will even call a dog "brother".
Na mudrite ustata im e vo srceto, a na ludite srceto im e vo ustata. Wise men have their mouth in their heart, fools their heart in their
mouth. (Sirah 21, 28 / Ecclesiasticus 21, 26).
Na neroden Petko kapa mu skroile. They sewed a hat to Peter who is
not born yet. (One never knows what is yet to happen.). Don't count your chicken
until they're hatched.
1180.
Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e dosta. A word to a wise man is enough.
1181.
1182.
Na parata site vrati i' se otvoreni. Money opens all doors.
Na pes koga }e mu dojdit umira~kata, na crkovna vrata }e se izmo~it. (MNU 4068). A dying dog will even piss on the threshold of a
church.
Na pijanjot ezerono (moreto) mu e do kolena. (Kav. 2187). The
drunkard thinks the sea is knee-deep.
Na poklowen kow zubi ne se gledaat. (Nedeq. str. 188). Never look
a gift horse in the mouth.
Na pop i na kalu|er ne taksuj, oti ako ne mu go dade{, }e si go
zemit. (MNU 4071). Don't waste your breath promising anything to a
priest or a monk, because they'll just take it anyway.
Na popo mu e okoto vo vinoto. (MNU 4072). The priest has a keen eye
for the wine.
Na prazna plemwa pokrov ne i' trebe. (MNU 4076). The empty barn
does not need a roof.
Na prefaleni jagodi ne odi sos golema ko{nica. (MNU 4084).
Great boast and small roast makes unsavoury mouths.
Na prosjakot liceto mu e crno, a torbata mu e puna. (MNU 4087).
The face of the beggar is black, but his bag is always full. A beggar can never
Half a word is enough for a wise man. Few words to the wise suffice.
1183.
1184.
1185.
1186.
1187.
1188.
1189.
be bankrupt. The beggar may sing before the thief.
1190.
Na svetecot zapali mu edna sve{~a, (za da ti pomoìt); a na
|aolot - dve, (za da ne ti rasipit rabotata). (MNU 4099). Light a
candle to the saint, so that he will help you; light two to the Devil, so that he
won't spoil your work. It is sometimes good to hold a candle to the devil. Give the
1191.
Na sveto ustite ne moì{ da mu 'i zatni{, da ne zboruaat za tebe
lo{o ili arno. (MNU 4102). You can't stop people speaking either well
or ill about you.
devil his due.
− 101 −
1192.
Na sviwa biser ne niì. (MNU 4104). Do not throw pearls to swine.
1193.
1194.
Na se' ima granica. There is a limit to everything.
Na sekoe zlo smrtta mu e lekot. (MNU 4107). For every evil under the
sun, death is the cure.
Na sekoe rap~e svoeto sedelo mu e milo. (Kav. 2201). Every bird
likes his own nest best. The bird loves her nest.
Na sekoja boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). There is a remedy for every
disease. A disease known is half cured. A danger foreseen is half avoided. Na sekoja boqka imat lek, a na stramot ni do vek (ni na toj vek). (Kav.
2203). For every ill there is a cure, but for shame, not even in the next
world. There is a remedy for everything but death.
Na siromajot yvezdata mu et ugasnata. (MNU 4114). The star of the
poor man is extinguished.
Na siromajot k'smetot ne mu rabotit. (MNU 4116). Fate is against
the poor man.
Na siromajot nikoj praoto ne mu go daa, koga da zborua. (MNU
4117). No one believes the poor man when he speaks.
Na skapernik tatko, rasipnik sin. A miserly father makes a prodigal
son.
Na slep (na }or) sve{~a ne se dat. (Kav. 2210). A blind man doesn't
need a candle. A blind man will not thank you for a looking-glass. A blind man has
To cast pearls before swine.
1195.
1196.
1197.
1198.
1199.
1200.
1201.
no need of a looking-glass.
1202.
Na slepjot (na }orjot) i denot i no}ta mu se edno. (Kav. 2209). To
the blind man the day and the night are all the same. Blind men should judge
no colours.
1203.
1204.
1205.
1206.
Na smrt lekot mu e umira~kata. (MNU 4124). Dying is the cure for
death.
Na tanec koj{to igra, sekoj }e go gledat. (MNU 4139). Whoever
leads the dance, will be noticed by everyone.
Na tu|i grobi{ta plakala, ta za toa solzi ne pu{tila. (MNU
4147). It was said that she wept on the tombs of strangers - that is why she
did not really shed any tears.
Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit. (Kav. 2231). A bald man has no need
of a comb. A blind man has no need of a looking-glass. A blind man will not thank
you for a looking-glass. In vain is the mill-clock if the miller his hearing lack.
1207.
1208.
1209.
1210.
Na }eqava glava bri~ ne i' trebe. (MNU 4150). A bald head doesn't
need a razor. Scabbed horse cannot abide the comb.
Na usta med i maslo, na srce pelin i zer. (Kav. 2237). A honey tongue, a heart of gall. He has honey in the mouth and the razor at the girdle.
Na faleni j'gotki (koga odi{), so prazni ko{nici (se vra{~a{).
(MNU 4156). Great boast and small roast makes unsavoury mouths.
Na ~ija kola se vozi{, nego fali go. (Kav. 2241). Praise the man
− 102 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1211.
1212.
1213.
1214.
1215.
1216.
1217.
1218.
1219.
1220.
1221.
1222.
1223.
1224.
1225.
1226.
1227.
1228.
1229.
1230.
1231.
whose cart you are riding in.
Na ~isto lice malu voda mu trebit. (Kav. 2245). The clean face
doesn't need much water.
Na {tedliv tatko, rasipnik sin. After a thrifty father a prodigal son.
Navedena glaa pod carska sabja pominua. (MNU 3959). The king's
sword will not cut off the head bowed in submission.
Navikata e na{a vtora priroda. (B.D.). Custom is a second nature.
Nade`ta ne razo~aruva. Hope maketh not ashamed. (Rimjani 5, 5 /
Romans 5, 5).
Najdobro se lovi vo matno. It is good fishing in troubled waters.
Najprvin Gospod sebe si si stvoril brada. The parson always christens his own child first.
Najsilen e vetrot pred da tivnit. (Kav. 2145). The sharper the storm,
the sooner it's over. Rain before seven; fine before eleven.
Najumniot na vekov }e umri, kako najneumniot. (MNU 4026). The
wisest man will die as surely as the biggest fool.
Nama~kaj ja oskata da ne ~krtat. (Kav. 2164). Grease the axle so that
it won't squeak.
Naprazno e da se optegnuva mreà pred o~ite na site ptici. In
vain the net is spread in the sight of any bird. (Poslovici 1, 17 / Proverbs
1, 17).
Naredil Gospod da ima i bogati i siromasi. (MNU 4092). God ordained that there be rich and poor people.
Narodite padnaa vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to ja
stavija tajno, ja fati nivnata noga. To make a snare for another and
fall into it oneself. (Sirah 27, 26 / Ecclesiasticus 27, 26; Psalmi 9, 15 /
Psalms 9, 15).
Narodo se izlo{uat od urnekot od lo{ite popoi, a nivjeto i lozjata se rasipuaat od lo{ite argati. (MNU 4095). The debauchery of
priests ruins the people, just as bad workers ruin the fields and vineyards.
Na{el selo bez ku~iwa, trgnal bez stap. (MNU 4168). He found a
village without dogs, so he passed through it without a stick.
Ne bi se {ega na starec, oti i ti }e ostaree{. (MNU 4190). Don't
mock the elderly because you yourself will one day be old.
Ne bi se {ega, da ne ti dojdi na glaa {egata. (MNU 4189). Don't
mock in case it comes back on your own head.
Ne buri~kaj lepe{ka, da ne ti smrdit. (MNU 4194). Don't stir cow
dung as it will smell.
Ne vali se' kakov si bil, ami kakov si. (MNU 4195). Don't boast
about what you once were, but speak of how you are now.
Ne vlegvi v bunar so gnilo j'è (so gnila fortoma). (Kav. 2264).
Don't descend the well with a rotten rope.
Ne gqaj mi ja kapava, tuku pod kapava. (Kav. 2274). Do not look at the
− 103 −
1232.
1233.
1234.
1235.
1236.
1237.
1238.
1239.
1240.
1241.
1242.
1243.
1244.
1245.
1246.
hat, but at what is under the hat.
Ne e vremeto lo{o, tuku lu|eto. (Kav. 2292). The times aren't bad,
only the people are.
Ne e zlato se' {to sveti. (MNP 2510). All that glitters is not gold.
Ne e marifet da zn'j{, marifet e da umej{. (Kav. 2298). Real skill
is not so much having knowledge, as having the ability of think.
Ne e sekoj vrat za yvonec (za amut, za jarem). (Kav. 2299). Not every
neck is meant to wear a yoke.
Ne za kogo e pe~eno, ami za kogo e re~eno. (Kav. 2306). He struck at
Tib, but down fell Tom.
Ne zavrzuvaj mu ja ustata na volot koga vr{i. Muzzle not the oxen's
mouth. (Petta Mojseeva kniga - Vtorozakonie 25, 4 / Deuteronomy
25, 4).
Ne znaj da napoe magare i voda, a ne da pi{i kniga. (MNU 4247).
He can't even lead a donkey to water, let alone read book.
Ne istr~vi ko prle pred magarica. (Kav. 2311). Don't run like an ass
kid before its mother. Don't put the cart before the horse.
Ne ja dobivaat trkata brzite; ni bojot hrabrite. The race is not to
the swift, nor the battle to the strong. (Propovednik 9, 11 / Ecclesiastes 9,
11).
Ne ja se~i grankata na koja sedi{. Don't cut the bough you are standing on. Cut not the bough that thou standest upon.
Ne ka`vi mi za taa boles {~o sum leàl. (Ne raspravaj mi za raboti {to mi se poznati.). (MNU 4262). Don't tell me about the illness I've
just had.
Ne ka`vi mu ja na budalata kamarata so kamewa, za{~o }e ti ja
skr{it glata. (Kav. 2316). It is ill putting a sword in a madman's hand.
Do not put a sword into your enemy's hands. It is ill putting a sword in a child's
hand.
Ne ka`vi mu na deda ti nivjeto. (Ne sovetuvaj postar i poopiten
~ovek od tebe.). (MNU 4261). You don't have to show your grandfather
where his fields are.
Ne ka`vit baba {~o son videla, ami {~o sakat da vidit. (Kav.
2317). Granny is not talking about the dream she saw, but about the dream
she would like to have seen.
Ne kako {to znai{, ami kako {to }e nai{. (MNU 4265). Ne kako
{~o znajt, a kako }e najt, (}e ~init). (Rabotite ne vrvat sekoga{
spored na{ata èlba; zatoa ~esto, poradi okolnostite, sme prinudeni da
se soobrazuvame so niv.). (MNU 4266). Forget the theory, look at the prac-
1247.
tice.
Ne klaj prst me|u dve vra}e. (Kav. 2321). Put not thy hand between the
bark and the tree.
− 104 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1248.
1249.
1250.
Ne kopaj grob drugemu, oti sam pa|a{ u nego. (Cep. 1972, II: 77). He
who digs a pit for others falls in himself.
Ne krevaj se na golemo, da ne padni{ na koleno. (MNU 4283).
Don't be so high and mighty, or you'll end up on your knees.
Ne kupuvaj ma~ka vo vre}a. Don't buy a cat in a sack. Never buy a pig in a
poke.
1251.
1252.
1253.
1254.
1255.
Ne kupuj ku}a bez kom{ija. (MNU 4285). Don't buy a house without a
neighbour. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace.
Ne me gazi{ ti, tuku gornion. (Kav. 2362). You are not stepping on
me, but the guy above me is.
Ne moè da ja vidi {umata od drvoto. He cannot see the wood for the
trees. You cannot see the city for the houses.
Ne moè dobro drvo da dava lo{i plodovi. A good tree cannot bring
forth evil fruit. (Matej 7, 18 / Matthew 7, 18). Good fruit of a good tree.
Ne moìt na magareto, go bie samaro. (MNU 4306). Ne mojt na
magareto - na samarot. (MNU 4309). He can't beat the donkey, so he
beats the saddle instead. He that cannot beat the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the saddle.
1256.
Ne mo~aj sproti vetrot! Piss not against the wind! Who spits against the
1257.
Ne nadevajte se na knezovite. Put not your trust in princes. (Psalmi
146, 3 / Psalms 146, 3).
Ne na{ol Grkot koko{ka, arna mu bila (dosta mu bila) i
stra~ka. (Kav. 2383). The Greek didn't find a chicken, and the magpie
was good enough.
Ne nosi ~avka na orawe. (MNU 4317). Don't take a crow when you
want to plough the earth.
Ne odil na u~ili{te, ami se nau~il poe}e od mene. (MNU 4318).
He never went to school, but he learnt more than me.
Ne ostavaj sega{nata rabota za utre. (MNU 4323). Never put off till
tomorrow what you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much you
wind, it falls in his face.
1258.
1259.
1260.
1261.
may be hindered tomorrow.
1262.
1263.
1264.
1265.
1266.
1267.
1268.
Ne otvoraj stari rani. It is not wise to open old wounds.
Ne padinet pe~eni piliwa od nebo. (Kav. 2397). Roasted chickens
don't fall from the sky. He thinks that roasted larks will fall into his mouth.
Ne pi voda od begli~ka ~e{ma. (Kav. 2400). Don't drink water from
the master's fountain.
Ne pla~i gorata od sekirata, ami od ra~kata. (MNU 4335). The
forest does not weep from the axe, but from its handle.
Ne praj mu se na sekoj ma{a (most). (Kav. 2409). Don't be a pair of
tongs for everyone to use.
Ne praj se na sekoe grne (tenxere) kapak. (Kav. 2410). Don't be a lid
to every pot.
Ne praj se pogolem katolik od papana. (Kav. 2411). Don't try to be a
− 105 −
1269.
1270.
1271.
1272.
1273.
bigger Catholic than the pope.
Ne se zn'jt ni koj pijat, ni koj pla{~at. (Kav. 2417). You couldn't
tell who was drinking, or who was paying (of a serious drinking orgy).
Ne se kolit vol za oka meso. (Kav. 2419). You don't slaughter the bull
for a mere kilogram of meat.
Ne se letat duri ne porastet krilja. (Kav. 2421). No flying without
wings.
Ne se pla{it siromav od arami. (Kav. 2425). The poor man is not
afraid of thieves.
Ne se rodil toj {~o moìt sekomu da mu pomoìt. (Kav. 2427).
The person who could help everybody, has not been born yet. He who
pleased everybody died before he was born. He has need rise betimes that would
please everybody. You can't please everyone. It is hard to please all parties. He that
all men will please shall never find ease.
1274.
1275.
1276.
Ne se stanuva majstor u{te prviot den. No man is his craft's master
the first day.
Ne sobirajte si bogatstva na zemjata. Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth. (Matej 6, 19 / Matthew 6, 19).
Ne spru`vi 'i noyete nadvor od cergata. (Kav. 2433). Don't stretch
your legs no further than your coverlet. Stretch your legs according to your coverlet.
1277.
1278.
1279.
1280.
1281.
1282.
1283.
1284.
1285.
1286.
1287.
Ne sudete ni{to predvreme. Judge nothing before the time. (I Korintjani 4, 5 / I Corinthians 4, 5).
Ne sudete, za da ne bidete sudeni. Judge not, that ye be not judged.
(Matej 7, 1 / Matthew 7, 1).
Ne sum s'nce, ta sekogo da ogream. (Kav. 2443). I am not the sun, so I
can't warm everybody.
Ne te gledaat sveto, {to jade{, ami {to ~es ima{. (MNU 4375).
People don't look at what you eat, but at how much honour you have.
Ne turaj na ognot maslo. (MNU 4393). Pouring oil on the fire is not the
way to quench it.
Ne umri, kowu, do zelena treva. (MNU 4402). Ne umri, magare, do
zelena treva. (MNU 4403). Live, horse, and you'll get grass. Live, donkey, and you'll get grass.
Ne u~i bav~anxija kako se sadet krastajci. (Kav. 2469). Don't teach
the farmer how to grow cucumbers. An old fox needs learn no craft.
Ne u~i ja ribata da pliva. You must not teach fish to swim.
Ne u~i starec da makat jajca. (Kav. 2470). Don't teach an old man how
to eat omelet. An old fox needs learn no craft.
Ne frlajte gi svoite biseri pred sviwite. Do not throw pearls to
swine. (Matej 7, 6 / Matthew 7, 6).
Ne ~ukaj ~u`da 'r`. (Ne se griì za drug.). (MNU 4416). Don't thresh
someone else's rye. (Don't worry about the other people's business). Scald not your
− 106 −
Bone Veli~kovski
lips in another man's pottage.
1288.
Nevikan gostin zad vrata sedit. (GK, II, str. 178). An unbidden guest
sits outdoors. An unbidden guest must bring his stool with him. He who comes
1289.
Negqani o~i brgu se zaboravet. (Kav. 2280). Long absent, soon forgotten. Out of sight, out of mind.
Nego v selo ne go pu{taat, toj od popo }erkata (ku}ata) ja barat.
(MNU 4214). The villagers can't stand him, yet he wants to marry the village priest's daughter.
Neka vrni na mene, ne sum sol da se stopam. (MNU 4257). Let it rain
on me as much as it likes - I am not salt to dissolve away.
Neka te fali drug, a ne tvojata usta. He that praises himself spatters
himself. (Poslovici 27, 2 / Proverbs 27, 2).
Nekanat gost, goto magare. (Nekanat gostin, goto magare.). (Kav.
2320). An unbidden guest is like a donkey.
Nekanen gost (e) kako kisel grozd. (MNU 4269). An uncalled guest is
like a sour grape.
Nekanet gost e kako magare na jasli. (MNU 4271). An unbidden
guest is like a donkey on a manger.
Nekanet gost mol~it kako }os na jajca. (MNU 4272). An unbidden
guest keeps quiet like a blackbird sitting on eggs.
Nekomu glata mu pukat, nekomu oro mu se igrat. (Kav. 2325).
Someone is in mental agony, while someone else feels like dancing.
Nema dim bez ogin. No smoke without fire. No fire, no smoke.
Nema dobriwe bez trudewe. (MNU 4293). No pains, no gains.
Nema ìto bez kakol. No garden without its weeds. On fat land grow foul-
uncalled sits unserved.
1290.
1291.
1292.
1293.
1294.
1295.
1296.
1297.
1298.
1299.
1300.
est weeds.
1301.
1302.
1303.
1304.
Nema lek za strav. There is no remedy for fear.
Nema ni{to novo pod sonceto. There is nothing new under the sun.
(Propovednik 1, 9 / Ecclesiastes 1, 9). Nothing new under the sun.
Nema pogluv od toj {to ne saka da ~ue. There's none so deaf as those
who will not hear. None so deaf as those who won't hear.
Nema pogolema mudrost od mol~eweto. No wisdom to silence. (Sirah 20, 5-6 / Ecclesiasticus 20, 5-6). Silence is often the best answer. A wise
head makes a close mouth. Speak fitly, or be silent wisely.
1305.
1306.
Nema poslep od toj {to ne saka da vidi. There's none so blind as
those who will not see. None so blind as those who won't see.
Nema radost bez neprijatnost. No pleasure without pain. No pleasure
without repentance. After joy comes annoy. After pleasure comes pain.
1307.
1308.
Nema{~inata e karajnca v ku}i. (Kav. 2360). Poverty leads to quarrels and disorders in families.
Neolata um davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321). Adversity makes a man
wise, not rich. Experience is the mother of knowledge. Experience is the best
teacher. An ounce of practice is worth a pound of precept.
− 107 −
1309.
Neoqa zakon ne gqat. (Kav. 2387). Necessity has no law. Misfortune
knows no rules.
1310.
1311.
1312.
Neoqata go u~it ~veka na se'. (Kav. 2390). Necessity is the mother of
invention. Misfortune teaches all things.
Neoqata i od kamen e pojaka. (Kav. 2391). Misfortune is harder than a
rock.
Neoqata najmnogu pomogvit. (Kav. 2392). Necessity is the best helper.
Necessity is the is the best teacher.
1313.
1314.
Nepara miluj ja ~a{ata, oti }e si ja ostai{ rabotata. (MNU
4332). Don't go caressing the wine glass so much, or else your work will be
left undone.
Nepravedno spe~aleno, ne stigvit ni do tretoto koleno. (Kav.
2408). Ill gotten don't even reach to the third generation. Ill gotten, ill spent.
Evil gotten, evil spent.
1315.
Netreben bunar smrdit. (Kav. 2452). Uncleaned well stinks. Standing
1316.
Ne{~o e poarno (e poj}e) od ni{~o. (Kav. 2484). Something is better
than nothing. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Better some of a pudding than
1317.
Ni vo ku~e vera, ni vo lakom mera. (Kav. 2493). There is neither faith
in dogs nor measure in covetous people. Covetousness breaks the bag. Bind the
pools gather filth.
none of a pie.
bag before it is full.
1318.
1319.
1320.
1321.
1322.
1323.
1324.
Ni ìv, ni umren, dve pari ~es nema. (MNU 4434). He is neither living nor dead, as he hasn't any honour.
Ni ku~iwa badijava ne lajat. (Nedeq. str. 186). Even dogs don't bark
for free. Business is business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.
Ni lik jal, ni luk mirisal. (MNU 4446). He neither ate garlic nor
smelt of it.
Ni na bogastvo raduj se, ni na siroma{ija àlaj. (MNU 4449). Do
not rejoice at wealth, do not grieve at poverty.
Ni od Boga go grev, ni od ~oeka go stram. (MNU 4453). He feels no
guilt before God, and no shame before people.
Ni od Boga pomo} bara, ni pa za du{a gajle ima. (MNU 4454). He
neither seeks God's help, nor gives a damn for his soul.
Ni trendafiq bez trn, ni sevda (ni qubov) bez kavga. (Kav. 2550).
Neither a rose without thorns, nor love without quarrels. No rose without a
thorn.
1325.
1326.
Nie za volkot, a volkot zad vrata. Talk of the wolf, and his tail appears. Talk of the devil, and he is bound to appear.
Niedna lo{otija ne doa|a sama. (P.D. 2424). Misfortunes never come
alone. Misfortunes never come singly. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. It never rains but it pours. Of one
ill come many.
− 108 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1327.
Niedna ma~ka bez opa{ka. There is no cat without a tail. Every man has
1328.
1329.
Niedna nesre}a ne doa|a sama. Misfortunes never come singly.
Nije ne sme kamen na grob, da sedni sekoj na nas. (Ne trpit nekoj da
pravi nekoe zlo.). (MNU 4438). We are not tombstones for others to sit on
us and get away with it!
Nikoga{ ne e dockna. (Kav. 2508). It is never too late.
Nikoj (Nieden sluga) ne moè da im sluì na dva gospodara. No
man can serve two masters. (Matej 6, 24 / Matthew 6, 24; Luka 16, 13 /
Luke 16, 13).
Nikoj ne gleda koga e ludo zaquben. (P.D. 2432). Love is blind. Affec-
his faults.
1330.
1331.
1332.
tion blinds reason.
1333.
1334.
1335.
1336.
1337.
1338.
1339.
1340.
1341.
1342.
Nikoj ne e angel (bezgre{en). Men are not angels.
Nikoj ne e prorok vo svojata zemja. A prophet is not without honour
save in his own country. A prophet has no honour in his own country.
Nikoj ne zn'jt {~o nosit den, a {~o no}. (Kav. 2515). No one knows
what the day or the night will bring.
Nikoj ne znojt koga }e umrit. (P.D 2442). No man has a lease of his
life.
Nikoj ne se rodil u~en. (MNU 4443). No one is born educated.
Nikoj u~en (nau~en) ne se rodil. (Kav. 2521). None is born a master.
Nikoja reka ne go mie, leli vo bor~ vleze. (MNU 4439). Now that
he is in debt, no river can wash him clean.
Ni{to ne e pobolno od vistinata. Nothing hurts like the truth.
Ni{to ne uspeva kako ({to uspeva) uspehot. Nothing succeeds like
success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money.
Nov bunar kopaj vo starjot (fetjot) ne pquvaj. (Kav. 2555). Dig a
new well, but don't spit into the old one. Cast no dirt into the well that hath given you water.
1343.
1344.
1345.
1346.
1347.
Nov den, nov k'smed. (Kav. 2556). New day, new fortune.
Novata metla dobro mete. (P.D. 2457). Novata metla ~isto mete.
(Kav. 2554). A new broom sweeps clean. New brooms sweep clean.
Novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli baraj i'. (Kav. 2558). Seek
new paths and old friends. Old friends and old wine are best.
Novo sito na klu~oi (obeseno). (MNU 4473). Novo sito na
kqu~ej. (Kav. 2560). A new sieve stands on the wall.
Novoto sito samo sejt. (Kav. 2561). The new sieve saws by itself. A
new broom sweeps clean.
1348.
1349.
1350.
No}a mesit, dewa vezit. (MNU 4483). Night kneads, day weaves.
No}ta den da ja stori{ i da spe~ali{. (MNU 4484). Turn day into
night, and make a lot of money.
No}ta otrudnua, i deno go ra|a. (MNU 4485). Night becomes pregnant
and gives birth to the day.
− 109 −
1351.
Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487). Necessity has no law. Make
a virtue of necessity. To make the best of a bad job. Nurture passes nature. Art improves nature.
O
1352.
1353.
1354.
Obesete go brata mi, oti mene mi se meli umot. (MNU 4493). Hang
my brother, not me, because I suffer from dizzy spells.
Obikolniot pat e najkratkiot pat do doma. The longest way round is
the shortest way home.
Oblekata ne go ~ini ~ovekot. (P.D. 2462). The coat doesn't make the
man. It is not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. The cowl does not make the
monk. The hood (habit) does not make the monk. The gown does not make the friar.
1355.
1356.
Obrazovanieto e sila. Education is power.
Ovoj vek da go pomineme nadve-natri, da za onoj vek, kako saka
neka bide. (MNU 4507). Let's get through this life as best we can; as for
the next, who cares what happens! It is hard to get through this clack and grim
1357.
Ovoj vek e mo{ne mil, ama smrten ~as da ne be{e bil. (MNU
4508). This life is extremely sweet; if only there were no hour appointed for
death.
Ovcite se krotki i budali, da za toa stojat da 'i davit volkot.
(MNU 4517). Sheep are placid and mindless, and that is why the wolf devours them.
Ognot i vodata se arni izme}ari, ama lo{i gospodari. (Kav.
2588). Fire and water are good servants, but bad masters.
Ogon i barut ne trebit nablizu da stojeet. (MNU 4523). Fire and
gunpowder are not to be kept in the one place.
Ogon so slama ne se gasit. (MNU 4526). Fire cannot be put out with
straw.
Od apsaana potamo nema, nema da mu se bojam. (MNU 4529). You
can't do worse than prison.
Od at na magare. Od kow na magare. (MNU 4532, 4639). He got off a
horse and mounted a donkey.
Od bolva slon (pravi). He changes a fly into an elephant. To make a
world.
1358.
1359.
1360.
1361.
1362.
1363.
1364.
mountain out of a molehill.
1365.
1366.
1367.
1368.
Od v'lk cela ovca ne se zemat nazad. (Kav. 2606). You can't get the
sheep back from the wolf in one piece.
Od vo{ka remen ne se prajt. (Kav. 2603). You can't make a belt from a
louse.
Od gol ko{uqa ne se barat (ne se slekvit). (Kav. 2609). Don't ask
for a shirt from a naked man.
Od golema nu`da si prodaa ~oek i ~eladta. (MNU 4549). In times of
− 110 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1369.
great need, a man would even sell his children.
Od golema su{a i na grad blagodari se. (MNU 4550). Od golema
su{a samo gradot blagodaren ostanvit. (Kav. 2608). During great
drought, you should be grateful for hail. If there is severe drought, hail is wellcome.
1370.
1382.
Od dva vola i me~kata se upla{ila. (MNU 4555). Even the bear was
frightened of two bulls.
Od dve ne{ta da se ~uat ~oekot: od bor~ i izme}arlak. (MNU
4556). Two things should be feared: becoming a servant, and falling into
debt.
Od deka ne se nadee{, od tamu te ogreva. (MNU 4558). Good fortune
comes from where you least expect it.
Od eden vol dve koì ne se derat. (MNU 4567). You can't skin an ox
twice.
Od eden izvor ne izvira blaga i solena voda. (MNU 4568). You
don't get both salt water and fresh water from the same spring.
Od eden kol se odvrzav, za drug se vrzav. (MNU 4570). I untied myself from one stake, merely to tie myself to another.
Od edna bo~va i voda i kiselina ne se pu{ta. (MNU 4571). You
can't get both wine and vinegar to flow from the same barrel at the same
time.
Od edna iskra golem ogon bidua. (MNU 4573). A little spark kindles a
great fire. Of a small spark a great fire. A little fire burns up a great deal of corn.
Od edna strana go lepe{, od druga se puka. (MNU 4576). You patch
up one side, another cracks.
Od edno manuawe sekirata ne se~e. (MNU 4580). An oak is not felled
at one stroke. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks. Rome was not built in a day.
Od edno uho vleze, (a) od drugoto izleze (zborot). (MNU 4581). In
at one ear and out at the other.
Od zboroi preku glaa kapata mi se skina. (MNU 4595). So many
words were shot at me, that they were over my head and even tore my hat!
Od zboroj popara ne se prajt. (Kav. 2632). Fair words fill not the belly.
1383.
Od zort i babata zaigrala. (Kav. 2634). Need makes the old wife trot.
1371.
1372.
1373.
1374.
1375.
1376.
1377.
1378.
1379.
1380.
1381.
Good words fill not a sack.
Adversity makes strange bedfellows. Need makes the naked man run and sorrow
makes websters spin.
1384.
Od iskra plamen. (MNU 4607). Od iskra plamen, od plamen pepel.
(MNU 4608). Od iskra plamen se prajt. (Kav. 2640). Of a small spark
a great fire. A little spark kindles a great fire. A little fire burns up a great deal of
1385.
Od jadewe i piewe mu se zdodeua na ~oeka, a ne od kavga ~inewe.
(MNU 4612). There are those who get sick and tired of food and drink, but
never of quarrelling.
Od jaloa krava tele izvaat. (MNU 4615). He can get a calf from a
corn.
1386.
− 111 −
1387.
1388.
1389.
1390.
barren cow.
Od koga mi go otru srceto, posle blago }e mi davat. (MNU 4624).
After poisoning my heart, he gave me sweets.
Od koga }e nema lu|e pravi i vekov }e propadnit. (MNU 4626).
The world will go to rack and ruin, when there are no moral people.
Od koj si mlogo krsti, ~uvaj se. (MNU 4629). Be wary of the man
who crosses himself too often.
Od komarec - magarec. To make a mountain out of a molehill. He changes
a fly into an elephant.
1391.
Od krasto prase debel vepar (debela matorica) se prajt. (Kav.
2660). A scabby pig may make a fat hog (swine). A ragged colt may make a
good horse. Wanton kittens make sober cats.
1392.
1393.
1394.
1395.
Od lo{o imat polo{o. (Kav. 2663). Nothing so bad but it might have
been worse.
Od lut i od pijan u~i{ najstinata. (MNU 4644). From a drunkard
and an angry man, you can learn the truth.
Od mala iskra, golem ogon. Of a small spark a great fire. (Sirah 11, 34
/ Ecclesiasticus 11, 32; Jakov 3, 5 / James 3, 5).
Od mrza pote{ko nema. (MNU 4661). Idleness is the mother of all vice.
Idleness is the root of all evil.
1396.
1397.
1398.
1399.
1400.
1401.
1402.
1403.
Od mrzava du{a izlava. (MNU 4660). By doing nothing we can loose
our soul.
Od nevolja baba molja. (MNU 4666). In time of adversity I ask granny
for help.
Od no` i od se}ira pqagata (ranata) zarastvit, ama od lo{ j'zik
ne (nikoga{). (Kav. 2688). The wound from a knife or an axe will heal,
but never from a bad tongue.
Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692). Penny and penny laid up will
be many. Many small make a great. Sparing is the first gaining.
Od pisanoto ne se begat. (Od pi{anoto nikoga{ ne se begat). (Kav.
2694). No flying from fate.
Od re~eno do storeno, ko od nebo do zemi. (Kav. 2709). The distance
from what is said to what is done, is often the distance from heaven to earth.
Od rob se vra{~at, od grob nikoga{. (Kav. 2710). You can escape
slavery, but not the grave.
Od svinska koà mev (gajda) ne se prajt. (Kav. 2711). You cannot
make a bagpipe of a pig's skin. You cannot make a silk purse of a sow's ear. You
cannot make a horn of a pig's tail. You cannot make a sieve of an ass's tail.
1404.
1405.
1406.
Od svoja ku}a ni{~o pomilo i poubo nemat. (Kav. 2714). There is no
place like home.
Od sekoe drvo emi{ ne se berit. (MNU 4695). You can't pick fruit
from every tree.
Od sekoe dreo svirka ne se prajt. (Kav. 2718). Every reed will not
− 112 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1407.
1408.
1409.
1410.
make a pipe. Every block will not make a Mercury.
Od skràviot i tamav}arot druzi stokata }e ja jadat. (MNU
4700). The possessions of the miser will eventually be devoured by others.
Od son ni{to poslatko nemat. (MNU 4703). There is nothing on earth
sweeter than sleep.
Od strav ~oek pobegnua, a od stram ne moìt. (MNU 4707). You
can escape fear, but not shame.
Od sudenoto (pi{anoto) ne se bega. (B.D.). No flying from fate. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. The fated will happen. What must be, must
be.
1411.
1412.
1413.
1414.
1415.
1416.
1417.
1418.
1419.
1420.
1421.
1422.
Od toa {to se boi{, }e nalepi{. (MNU 4720). You usually cop it
from the thing you fear most.
Od toj {~o se krstit mnogu, mnogu vardi se. (Kav. 2729). Be wary of
the man who crosses himself too often.
Od trwe bor~ saka da plati (ili: od trwe saka grozje da zbira.
(MNU 4730). Plant the crab-tree where you will, it will never bear pippins.
Od }elepur manxa stomak ne puknuva. Better belly burst than good
meat lost.
Od ulav um ne kupuj. (MNU 4733). Don't seek the advice of a degenerate.
Od usta v usta, na caro v u{i. (MNU 4738). From mouth to mouth,
into the king's ears.
Od ~elad poslatko i pogorko nemat. (MNU 4747). There is nothing
that could be more sweet or more bitter than children.
Od ~oeka ni{to ne otkinua. (MNU 4748). All is possible with human
beings.
Od {to nema i caro ne zema. (MNU 4751). Even the king can't have
what's not available.
Odvoj se od svoite neprijateli i ~uvaj se od svoite prijateli.
God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself.
(Sirah 6, 13 / Ecclesiasticus 6, 13).
Odi kaj }e ode{, doma da si dojde{. (MNU 4602). There is no place
like home. One's own hearth is gowd's worth.
Odi na voda na noviot bunar, ne plukaj na stariot. (MNU 4605).
Go for water to the new well, but don't spit into the old. Cast no dirt into the
well that hath given you water.
1423.
1424.
1425.
Odit kako slep kow vo grobi{ta. (MNU 4610). He walks like a blind
horse in a graveyard.
Odloùvanata nade` go iznemo{tuva srceto. Hope deferred maketh
the heart sick. (Poslovici 13, 12 / Proverbs 13, 12).
Ozgora mazno, ozdola azno. (@ena so vo{ki vo glavata.). (Cep. 1825).
Above pampered, underneath spoiled. Appearances are deceptive. Appearances
are deceiving.
1426.
Oko za oko i zab za zab. An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. (Ma-
− 113 −
1427.
1428.
1429.
1430.
1431.
1432.
1433.
1434.
1435.
1436.
1437.
1438.
1439.
1440.
tej 5, 38 / Matthew 5, 38).
Okoto poarno neka mu izlezit na ~oeko, a lo{ zbor da ne mu izlezit. (MNU 4775). Sooner lose an eye than have an ill word spoken of
you.
Omodre, ocrne, od stram {to mu dojde. (MNU 4782). Terrible things
can come out of the blue.
Opinci nema na nozete, gajda bara da kupit. (MNU 4784). He
doesn't even own a pair of shoes, yet he wants to buy a set of bagpipes!
Opitale nekoj umen starec: - [~o go krepit vekov, (svetov)? Itriot - umot, bogatiot - parite, siromajot - krpeòt i trpeòt,
a site ~esta, odgoril starecot. (Kav. str. 152, br. 37). Asked what
made the world go round, a wise old man said: "Mind for the intelligent;
money for the wealthy; patches and patience for the poor; and honour for
everybody."
Opsekliv pes od volkot nemat strav. (Re{itelniot i silniot ~ovek
ne se pla{i od neprijatelot.). (MNU 4787). The determined dog does not
fear the wolf.
Opupulil o~i kako plo~i, sankim nekoj }e mu se upla{it. (MNU
4793). He gouged out his own eyes, so whom could he blame?
Orala muvata cel den na rogojte od volot. (Kav. 2774). The fly
claimed it worked all day because it sat on the horn of a bull that ploughed.
Ostaj ja mrzata, vati ja brzata. (MNU 4812). Be not idle, and you
shall not be longing.
Ostare, obele i umot vo glavata ne mu dojde. (MNU 4817). The head
gray, and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool.
Ostroto na noòt se~i i dobroto i lo{oto. (MNU 4819). The
sharp edge of the knife cuts both the good and the bad.
Otkako }e se prevratit kolata, (setne) p'ti{~a mnogu (se
nao`xeet). (MNU 4830). After the car is overturned, many roads are
found. The highway is never about. It is easy to be wise after the event.
Otrua~ka praveden da se napie, pak ne }e se otrue. (MNU 4841). If
the just man were to drink poison, he would not be harmed.
O~i {to nabrgu ne se viduaat se zaboravaat. (MNU 4859). Eyes that
don't see each other often soon forget each other.
O~ite mu igrajat kako na voden |avol. (MNU 4852). He is so cunning his eyes flash in forty directions.
P
1441.
Pazete se od la`nite proroci. Beware of false prophets. (Matej 7,
15; 24, 11, 24 / Matthew 7, 15; 24, 11, 24; Marko 13, 22 / Mark 13, 22; II
Petar 2, 1 / II Peter 2, 1; I Jovan 4, 1 / I John 4, 1; Otkrovenie 16, 13 /
− 114 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1442.
1443.
Revelation 16, 13).
Pazi Boè od krsten |aol. (MNU 4887). God save us from a christened devil. God protect you from a baptised devil.
Pazi se od beleàniot. Beware of him whom God hath marked. Take
care of that man whom God has set his mark upon.
1444.
1445.
1446.
1447.
1448.
1449.
1450.
1451.
1452.
1453.
1454.
1455.
1456.
Pali mu sve}a i na |aolot da ne ti prait pakos. (Cep. 1871). It is
sometimes good to light a candle to the devil. Give the devil his due.
Para na para odi. Money draws money. Money begets money.
Parata e trkalezna, lesno si odi. Money is round, and rolls away.
Parata èlezna vrata otvara i zatvara. (MNU 4902). Money opens
and closes iron gates. No lock will hold against the power of gold.
Parata i èlezna vrata otvarat. (Kav. 2817). Money opens iron
gates. A golden key can open any door.
Pari davam, oro igram. (MNU 4906). I give money therefore I dance.
Pari davam, svirka sviram. (MNU 4907). I give money and I choose
the tune.
Pari dadov se' si kupiv. (MNU 4909). I gave money and bought everything.
Pari dadov, beqata si zedov. (MNU 4908). I gave money and got
nothing but trouble in return.
Pari kalpoj se arxat ja nave~er na meana, ja na svadba na dajre, ja
na popo v kotle. (MNU 4911). Money is easily spent: in the pubs at
night, gifts for weddings, and the priest's collection.
Pari saka da ima, leèj}i pod senka. (MNU 4913). He wants to have
money, yet he is stretched out in the shade all day.
Parite go vrtat svetot. Money makes the world go round.
Parite zboruaat, bez parite mol~at. (MNU 4919). Those with money speak; those without money are silent. Money will speak even if the person
is dumb.
1457.
1458.
1459.
1460.
1461.
1462.
1463.
1464.
Parite i od topo se posilni. (MNU 4920). Money is more powerful
than a cannon.
Parite set Judino èlezo. (MNU 4926). Money is the metal of Judas.
Parite set pomili i od ~elad. (MNU 4927). Money is more loved
than children.
Parite {to se pe~alat, ako ne se arxat, {to biduat? (MNU 4929).
In spending lies the advantage.
Pat so odewe, bor~ so pla}awe. (MNU 4932). He who pays his debts
begins to make a stock. Out of debt, out of danger.
Patot do pekolot e poplo~en so dobri nameri. The road to hell is
paved with good intentions. Hell is paved with good intentions.
Peda ~ovek - lakot brada. (MNU 4934). A little body often harbours a
great soul.
Pes od kasapnica ma~no se odu~uat. (MNU 4952). It's not easy to tear
− 115 −
1465.
1466.
a dog away from the butcher shop.
Pesnata stopan nemat. (MNU 4946). Folk songs do not have owners.
Pe~aleno magare od krastavici, rekata go nose. (MNU 4971). A
donkey earned from cucumbers is taken away by the river. Lightly gained,
quickly lost. Come with the wind, go with the water.
1467.
1468.
1469.
1470.
1471.
1472.
1473.
1474.
1475.
Pijan be{e za v ko{ da go krenat. (MNU 4978). He was so drunk, he
had to be carried in a basket.
Pijanio nemat pari za bri~ewe, a imat za piewe. (MNU 4984).
The drunkard can't afford to shave himself, but he can afford a drink.
Pijanio se valka kako sviwata vo kalta. (MNU 4985). The drunkard
wallows in the mud like a pig.
Pijaniot ne}i turkawe, oti sam si pa|a vo kalta. (MNU 4986).
The drunkard does not need to be pushed, as he falls in the mud of his own
accord.
Pijanicata sade }ev terat, a decata bez leb sedat. (MNU 4990). A
drunkard has fun, but leaves his children in fear and trembling for bread.
Pijanstvoto e od ~umata polo{o. (MNU 4993). Drunkenness is a
greater evil than the plague.
Piper v o~i ne mu davat, ne pari da mu dait. (MNU 4999). He
wouldn't throw pepper in his eyes, let alone give him money.
Pita~kata torba nikoga{ ne e polna. (P.D. 2667). A beggar's scrip
is never filled. A beggar's purse is bottomless. A beggar's purse is always empty.
Plue vo ustata na zmijata. (Se veli za ~ovek {to znae mnogu i na mesto da zboruva.). (MNU 5020). He can spit in the mouth of a snake. (He is
very intelligent).
1476.
Po do`do ~umu ti e kla{eniko. (MNU 5073). When the rain has
stopped, you don't need th raincoat. When the house is burned down, you bring
water. It is too late to shut the stable-door after the horse has bolted. It is easy to be
wise after the event.
1477.
Po |aolot ojt, na boga se molit. (Kav. 2941). He has one face to God
and another to the devil. The cross on his breast and the devil in his heart. The
beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. Beads about the neck and the devil in the
heart.
1478.
Po zimata leto, po s'nceto do`d. (Kav. 2944). After winter comes
summer, after sun comes rain. After black clouds, clear weather. After a storm
1479.
Po Kra~un krastavici. (Nesvoevremeno.). (MNU 5106). When a thing
is done, advice comes too late. It is easy to be wise after the event. When the
comes a calm.
house is burned down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the stable-door after the
horse has bolted. It is too late to shut the stable-door when the steed is stolen.
1480.
1481.
Po majkata }e ja poznaj{ i }erkata. (Kav. 2970). Like mother, like
daughter.
Po nara~ano volkot ne jadit. (MNU 5133). The wolf does not eat à la
− 116 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1482.
1483.
1484.
1485.
carte.
Po radost - neprijatnost. After pleasure comes pain. After joy comes
annoy. After your fling, watch for the sting. No pleasure without pain. Sadness and
gladness succeed each other. He that sings on Friday will weep on Sunday. Sorrow
treads upon the heels of mirth. Laugh before breakfast, you'll cry before supper.
Po svadba topani. (MNU 5169). After wedding the music. When a thing
is done, advice comes too late. It is easy to be wise after the event.
Po smeh vik dohad'. (MNU 5179). Sadness and gladness succeed each
other.
Po smrt boles. (MNU 5180). After death the doctor. It is easy to be wise
after the event. When a thing is done, advice comes too late.
1486.
1487.
1488.
Po smrtta kaewe nemat. (Kav. 3000). Repentance comes too late.
Po utroto se poznava denot. You can tell what sort of day it is going to
be first thing in the morning.
Poaren si da ima{ edno vrap~e v raka odo{to sto da letaat.
(MNU 5042). Better a bird in the hand, than a hundred in flight. A bird in
the hand is worth two in the bush. A feather in hand is better than a bird in the air.
Better a fowl in hand nor two flying.
1489.
1490.
Poarno bez vera, odo{~o bez leb. (Kav. 2867). Better to be without
religion, than to be without bread.
Poarno v selo xorbaxija, odo{~o v grad }umurxija. (Kav. 2871).
Better a rich man in the village, than a garbage collector in the big city. Better be first in a village than second at Rome. Better be the head of the yeomary than
the tail of the gentry.
1491.
1492.
1493.
Poarno da dava{ odo{to da saka{. (MNU 5024). It is better to give
than to receive. Better give than take. It is more blessed to give than to receive.
Poarno da ostane otkolku da ne stigne. Better leave than lack.
Poarno da si na ovcite gla, otkolku na gojadata opa{ka. (Kav.
2879). Better to be at the head of sheep, than at the tail of bovines. Better to
be at the head of cats, than at the tail of lions. Better be the head of a dog than the
tail of a lion. Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of
a lizard than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a mouse than the tail of a lion.
Better be the head of a pike than the tail of a sturgeon.
1494.
1495.
Poarno da ti zavidit, a ne da te àlat. (MNU 5025). Better be envied than pitied.
Poarno da ti izlezit edno oko, otkolku lo{ zbor (lo{o ime).
(Kav. 2882). Better to have one eye gouged out, than earn a bad name. He
that has an ill name is half hanged. Ill deemed, half hanged. An ill wound is cured,
not an ill name.
1496.
1497.
1498.
Poarno deneska da mi dai{ leb i sol odo{to utre leb i {e}er.
(MNU 5026). Give me today bread and salt, than bread and sugar tomorrow.
Poarno deneska leb i soq, odo{~o utre pe~ena koko{ka. (Kav.
2884). Better bread and salt today, than roast chicken tomorrow.
Poarno e da bidi{ glaa na ma~kite odo{to opa{ka na arslanite.
− 117 −
1499.
1500.
1501.
(MNU 5027). Better to be at the head of cats, than at the tail of lions.
Poarno e da prosi{ otkolku da krade{. Better beg than steal.
Poarno e da ti zavidit, a ne da te àlat. Poarno et da ti zaviduat, odo{to da te àlat. (MNU 5025, 5036). Better to be envied than
pitied.
Poarno e sol i leb sos slatka lakrdija, a ne mnogu manxi sos
lo{i lafove. (MNU 5031). Better to eat bread and salt and crack the
odd joke, than to eat rich dishes and hear ill-chosen words. Dry bread is better
with love than a fat capon with fear. Better an egg in peace than an ox in war.
1502.
1503.
Poarno eden prijateq, otkolku eden ~ivlig. (Kav. 2890). Better one
good friend, than a huge estate.
Poarno eden umen du{man da ima{ odo{to sto prijateli budali.
(MNU 5030). You are better off with one intelligent enemy, than a hundred
fools as friends. Better an open enemy than a false friend. Nothing worse than a
familiar enemy.
1504.
Poarno et da ima{ ime ~esno o{to mnogu strebro. (MNU 5033).
Better an honourable reputation than heaps of silver. A good name is better
1505.
Poarno et da se slizni{ so noga odo{to so zbor. (MNU 5034).
Podobro e da se slizne{ na pat otkolku so jazik. Better a slip of the
foot, than a slip of the tongue. (Sirah 20, 18 / Ecclesiasticus 20, 18).
Poarno et da si veruva{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i re~oi. (MNU
5035). Believe nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see.
than riches. A good name is better than gold. Good name is better than a good face.
1506.
Seeing is believing; feeling is the naked truth. One eyewitness is better than ten
hear-so's.
1507.
Poarno i bez ve~era da legni{, otkolku bor~lija da stani{.
(Kav. 2892). Better to go to bed without dinner, than get up in debt. Better
to go to bed on an empty stomach, than get up in debt. Better go to bed supperless
than to rise in debt.
1508.
1509.
1510.
1511.
1512.
Poarno i prazna torba, odo{~o zmija v torba. (Kav. 2896). Better
an empty bag, than one with a snake in it.
Poarno leb i sol da jadi{ odo{to doma da se kara{. (MNU 5039).
Better to eat bread and salt, than roast lamb with quarrels.
Poarno nekoga{, otkolku nikoga{. (Kav. 2901). Better late than never. It is not lost that comes at last.
Poarno nepraina da trpi{, otkolku nepravo (krivo) da praj{.
(Kav. 2902). Better to endure injustice, than commit it.
Poarno ne{~o, otkolku ni{~o. (Kav. 2903). Something is better than
nothing. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Better some of a pudding than none of a
pie.
1513.
Poarno o~ite da izlezat na ~oeka o{to lo{o ime. (MNU 5041).
Better to have your eyes gouged out, than earn yourself a bad name. He that
has an ill name is half hanged.
− 118 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1514.
Poarno prijateq blizu da ima{, odo{~o brat daleku. (Kav. 2910).
A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Better is a neighbour
that is near than a brother far off. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. A good friend is my nearest relation. A good neighbour, a good morrow.
1515.
1516.
1517.
1518.
1519.
Poarno so umen da pla~i{ odo{to so ulav da se smei{. (MNU
5043). Better to grieve with a thoughtful person, than laugh with a fool.
Poarno staromu pod bradata (da si) od {~o mladomu pod streata.
(MNU 5043). Better to be under the beard of an old man, than under the
eaves of a young man.
Poarno suv leb so mir, otkolku pe~eno jagne so kavga. (Kav. 2917).
Better to eat dry bread in peace, than roast lamb with quarrels.
Poarno tvoe jajce odo{to tu|o kokov~e. (MNU 5045). Better your
own egg, than someone else's chicken.
Poarno tri dni petel, otkolku sto godini koko{ka. (Kav. 2918).
Better three days as a rooster, than a hundred years as a hen. A man of straw
is worth a woman of gold.
1520.
1521.
1522.
Pobaraj mnogu, da dobie{ malku. Ask much to have a little.
Poblag da mi doj{ (da mi ida{) /t.e. poretko da ide/. (Kav. 2921). A
rare guest is always welcome.
Poblizu do o~ite, poblisku do srceto; podaleku od o~ite, podaleku od srceto. (Kav. 2922). Out of sight, out of mind. Far from eye, far
from heart. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Salt water and absence wash away love.
Long absent, soon forgotten. What the eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over.
1523.
1524.
1525.
1526.
1527.
1528.
1529.
1530.
1531.
Poblisku do crkvata, podaleku od boga. (Kav. 2923). The nearer the
church, the farther from God. He has one face to God and another to the devil.
Poveruva, za{to Me vide. Blaèni se koi ne videle, a poveruvale.
Seeing is believing; feeling is the naked truth. (Jovan 20, 29 / John 20, 29).
Pove}e vredi zdravjeto i snagata otkolku celoto bogatstvo na
ovoj svet. Health is better than wealth. (Sirah 30, 15 / Ecclesiasticus 30,
15).
Pogolem zalak kasni, pogolem zbor ne re~i. (MNU 5067). Pogolem k'saj k'sni, pogolem zbor ne progori. (Kav. 2931). Better take a
big mouthful, than talk a lot of nonsense.
Pod volot bara tele. (Kav. 2934). He looks for a calf under an ox.
Pod volot tele ne se barat. (Kav. 2935). Look not for a calf under an
ox. You go to an ass for wool. Look not for musk in a dog's kennel.
Pod Sonceto ni{to ne e sovr{eno. (P.D. 2743). There is nothing
new under the sun. Nothing new under the sun.
Podajte mu go carevoto na carot, a Bo`joto na Boga! Render unto
Caesar the things, which are Caesar's. (Matej, 22, 21 / Matthew 22, 21;
Marko 12, 17 / Mark 12, 17; Luka 20, 25 / Luke 20, 25).
Podaleko od o~i, podaleko od srce. (Nedeq. str. 185). Far from eye,
far from heart. Out of sight, out of mind.
− 119 −
1532.
1533.
1534.
1535.
1536.
1537.
1538.
1539.
Podobar e sosedot vo blizina, otkolku bratot daleku. A near
neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman (brother). (Poslovici 27,
10 / Proverbs 27, 10).
Podobra e mudrosta otkolku ja~inata. Wisdom is better than strength.
(Propovednik 9, 16 / Ecclesiastes 9, 16; Poslovici 24, 5 / Proverbs 24,
5).
Podobro da ima{ ne{to o{to da nema{ ni{to. (MNU 5072). Better to have something than nothing at all.
Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da se le~i. Good watch prevents misfortune. A stitch in time saves nine.
Podobro e da kine{ ~evli otkolku ~ar{afi. Better wear out shoes
than sheets.
Podobro e da si prv v selo otkolku posleden v grad. Better be first
in a village than second at Rome.
Podobro e ìvo ku~e, otkolku mrtov lav. (P.D. 2754). Better to be a
dog alive than a dead lion.
Poe}e slu{aj odo{to da zborua{. (MNU 5088). Hear and see and say
nothing. Wide ears and a short tongue. Hear much, speak little. He that would live
in peace and rest, must hear, and see, and say the best.
1540.
Poe}e slu{aj o{to zboruj. (MNU 5089). Hear much, speak little. Hear
1541.
Poj}e vervi im na o~ite, odo{~o na ustite. (Kav. 2946). Seeing is
believing; feeling is the naked truth.
Poj}e o~i, poj}e gqavet, (poarno gqavet). (Kav. 2949). Four eyes
see more than two. Two eyes can see more than one.
Poj}e se udajle v ~a{a, otkolku v more. (Kav. 3050). More men
drowned in a glass than in see. More people have drowned in the wine of glass
and see and say nothing.
1542.
1543.
than in the sea.
1544.
Poj}e umrele od jadewe i pijawe, odo{~o od glad i èd. (Kav.
2950). More died from overeating and drinking, than from hunger and
thirst. More men died from overeating and drinking than from hunger and thirst.
1545.
Pokanal gosti so polojna usta. (Kav. 2953). He invited his guests only
through half his mouth.
Pokori mu se (pokloni mu se) na |aolot, duri da go pomini{ mostot. (Kav. 2961). Bow to the devil till you are safe across the bridge. Call
Bacchus hath drowned more men than Neptune.
1546.
the bear 'uncle' till you are safe across the bridge.
1547.
Pokrien g . . . nikoj ne go plukat. (MNU 5107). Pokrijan g'z nikoj
ne go pquvat. (Kav. 2958). Nobody spits in covered backside. A close
1548.
Pokrieno mleko ma~ki ne go lokat. (MNU 5108). Pokrijanoto
mleko ma~ki ne go loket. (Kav. 2959). Cats don't lap covered milk.
Pokrieno mleko muvite ne go pquvet. (MNU 5109). A covered milk
mouth catches no flies. Into a shut mouth flies fly not.
− 120 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1549.
1550.
1551.
catches no flies. Pokrieno mleko ne go jadi peso. (MNU 5110). Dogs
don't eat covered meat. At open doors dogs come in.
Pole okato, gora u{ata. (MNU 5116). Fields have eyes, and woods
have ears. The day has eyes, the night has ears. Walls have ears.
Poleka no sigurno. Slow but sure. Fair and softly goes far.
Poleka, da daleko; ne brzaj, oti brzata ku~ka slepi ku~iwa ra|a.
(MNU 5115). Slow but sure, for the hasty bitch brings forth blind whelps.
Haste makes waste. Too hasty burned his lips.
1552.
1553.
1554.
1555.
Polesno e da se kaè otkolku da se napravi. (P.D. 2783). Easier
said than done.
Polesno i' e na kamilata da (po)mine niz igleni u{i, otkolku na
bogatiot da vleze vo Bo`joto Carstvo. It is easier for a camel to go
through the eye of a needle than it is for a rich man to enter the kingdom of
heaven. (Matej 19, 24 / Matthew 19, 24; Luka 18, 25 / Luke 18, 25).
Polo{o od mrza ni{~o nemat na vekov. (Kav. 2966). Idleness is the
mother of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil.
Polo{o se~it zborot, odo{~o noòt. (Kav. 2967). The tongue cuts
sharper than the sword. The tongue is sharper than the knife. The tongue is not
steel, yet it cuts.
1556.
Pomina zimata, ~umu ti je gunata. (MNU 5126). After meat, mustard.
1557.
Pomoì si sam i Gospod da ti pomoìt. (Kav. 2981). God helps
those who help themselves. Get thy spindle and thy distaff ready and God will
After dinner, mustard. After death the doctor.
send thee flax.
1558.
1559.
Ponekoga{ i ènata treba da se poslu{a. A woman's advice is no
great thing, but he who won't take it is a fool.
Ponisko tovari, povisoko pej. (Kav. 2984). Lower load your donkey
and high sing your song. An ass endures his burden, but not more than his burden.
It is not the burden, but the overburden that kills the beast. Take no more on you
than you're able to bear.
1560.
1561.
1562.
1563.
1564.
1565.
Pop bez popadija ne e blagodaren od popua~kata. (MNU 5140). A
priest without a wife is unhappy in his vocation.
Pop i kalu|er ni davat, za{to imat pu dve r'ki: s adnata zimat, s
drugata blagoslavjat. (MNU 5143). A priest or a monk cannot give, as
he only has two hands - one for blessing, and the other for taking.
Pop od dale~na zemja, podobro ~ita molitva. (P.D. 2804). A prophet is not without honour save in his own country.
Pop {to gleda za v xeb, ne gleda za narod. (MNU 5164). A priest
who looks at your pocket, does not care for people.
Poparen od mleko, duat i od ma{tenica. (MNU 5136). Scalded by
hot milk, he now cautiously blows on yoghurt.
Popareno ku~e i od do`d se pla{it. (Kav. 2986). A scalded dog is
scared of the rain. A scalded dog fears cold water. A scalded cat fears cold water.
A burnt child dreads the fire.
− 121 −
1566.
1567.
1568.
1569.
1570.
1571.
1572.
1573.
1574.
Popo ako e pijan, ostanuat zeto i nevestata nedoven~ani. (MNU
5151). If the priest is drunk, the bride and groom will have an incomplete
wedding ceremony.
Popo go klade v xeb. (MNU 5152). The priest put him in his pocket (i.e.
he died).
Popu popovo, caru carevo. (P.D. 2810). Render unto Caesar the things
which are Caesar's. Every man should take his own.
Popuj, pope, ama i pooruj! (MNU 5161). Even though he is a priest, he
still works.
Poseaja veter, i }e po`neat bura. They that sow the wind shall reap
the whirlwind. (Osija 8, 7 / Hosea 8, 7).
Poslednite }e bidat prvi. The last shall be the first. (Matej 19, 30 /
Matthew 19, 30).
Postaro e utroto od ve~erta. (Kav. 3003). Night is the mother of
counsel. To take counsel of (consult with) one's pillow.
Poten ru~eg sekoga{ e poblag. (Kav. 3006). No sweet without some
sweat.
Potkadi go |avolot duri da go mine{ mostot. (P.D. 2822). Flatter
the devil till you are safe across the bridge. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe
across the bridge. Once on shore, we pray no more. The river past and God forgotten. The danger past and God forgotten.
1575.
1576.
Potta e beri}et (beri}etlija). (Kav. 3008). No sweet without some
sweat.
Poubo od doma nigde nemat. (Kav. 3010). There is no place like home.
East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be never so homely. An Englishman's home is his castle. One's own hearth is gowd's worth.
1577.
Po~etokot e polovina od sekoja rabota. (P.D. 2831). A good beginning makes a good ending. Well begun is half done. The first blow is half the
1578.
Po~ni najprvin pred svojata ku}a. (P.D. 2833). Sweep before your
own door. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would soon be
1579.
Prav kako jaè v torba. (MNU 5201). He is as straight [just] as a rope
in a bag.
Pravednikot }e ìvee od verata. The just shall live by faith. (Rimjani 1, 17 / Romans 1, 17).
Pravednite }e ja nasledat zemjata. The meek will inherit the earth.
(Psalmi 36, 29 / Psalms 36, 29).
Pravi kako {to velam, a ne kako {to pravam jas. Do as I say, not as
I do.
Pravinata ne se boj ni od vladikata. (MNU 5196). Not even a bishop
can corrupt Truth.
Pravinata sekoga{ izleguva na videlina. (P.D. 2844). Truth is
battle.
clean.
1580.
1581.
1582.
1583.
1584.
− 122 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1585.
1586.
mighty and will prevail. Truth will out.
Pravio se smeit, krivio se kriet. (MNU 5200). The just man laughs,
the false man hides.
Pravi{ od muvata slon. (P.D. 2846). He changes a fly into an elephant.
To make a mountain out of a molehill.
1587.
1588.
1589.
Prazna bo~va mnogu yve~it. (Kav. 3015). Praznata ~upka sekoga{
tropat (yve~it). (Kav. 3019). Empty barrel makes the greatest sound.
Praznite sadovi najsilno tropkaat. (P.D. 2850). Empty vessels
make the greatest sound. Empty vessels make the most sound.
Prazno vre{~e prosto ne stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne moè ni da raboti
ni da ìvee.). (MNU 5215). An empty sack cannot stand upright. Empty
sacks will never stand upright. Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus grows cold.
1590.
1591.
1592.
1593.
1594.
1595.
1596.
Prainata poj}e svetit i od s'nceno. (Kav. 3034). Truth outshines the
sun itself.
Prvata qubov e poslatka i od med. (P.D. 2860). No love like the first
love. Of soup and love, the first is the best.
Prvite ~ekori se te{ki (najte{ki). (Kav. 3039). It is the first step
that is difficult. The greatest step is that out of doors. Every beginning is hard.
Prvo is~isti si go svojot dvor, posle baraj od drugite. (P.D.
2868). Sweep before your own door. If every man would sweep his own
doorstep the city would soon be clean.
Prvo operi ja me~kata, posle prodaj ja koàta. (Kav. 3041). First
kill the bear, then sell off its skin. First catch your hare, then cook him.
Pred smrtta ne kaùvaj za nikogo deka e sre}en, za{to duri na
svojot kraj }e se vidi kakov bil ~ovekot. Praise no man till he is
dead. (Sirah 11, 28 / Ecclesiasticus 11, 28). Call no man happy till he dies.
Pred smrtta site se isti. Death makes equal the high and low. All's
alike at the latter day: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The end makes all equal.
1597.
Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e drag. (Nedeq. str. 189). A tempered
saint is not dear even to God. The nearer the church, the farther from God. He
has one face to God and another to the devil. Cabbage twice cooked is death. Take
heed of reconciled enemies and of meat twice boiled.
1598.
Prekutrupa e poblisku, a nekoga{ podaleku. (P.D. 2876). He that
leaves the highway to cut short, commonly goes about. Who leaves the old
1599.
Pri nogu babi kilavo dete izliza. (MNU 5260). Where there too
many midwives the child is born with hernia. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Prijatel bidi mi, ama v kese ne posigaj mi. (MNU 5245). Be my
friend, but don't reach into my purse.
Prijatelo vo nu`da se poznaat, a ne vo svadba. (MNU 5249). A
friend in need is known, not at wedding. A friend in need is a friend indeed. A
way for the new, will find himself deceived.
1600.
1601.
friend is never known till a man have need.
1602.
Prijatelo se poznaa vo nu`da, kako strebroto vo ogon. (MNU
5250). Fire is the test of gold; adversity of friendship. Fire is the test of gold.
− 123 −
Gold is tried in the fire.
1603.
1604.
1605.
1606.
1607.
1608.
1609.
1610.
1611.
1612.
1613.
1614.
1615.
1616.
1617.
1618.
1619.
1620.
1621.
Prijatelot e poprivrzan od brat. A good friend is my nearest relation.
Prijatelot e treben vo nu`da. (MNU 5252). A friend in need is a
friend indeed.
Prijateq bez fajde (bez pomo{) du{man se vikat. (Kav. 3059). An
unhelpful friend is really an enemy.
Prijateqstvoto go prajt ìotov ubav. (Kav. 3062). Friendship
makes the world beautiful.
Prirodata na site ni' dala eden jazik, a dve u{i, da ne' potseti
malku da zboruvame, a pove}e da slu{ame. (P.D. 2907). Nature has
given us two ears, two eyes and but one tongue; to the end we should hear
and see more than we speak.
Prodaj si go pesot, laj sam. (Kav. 3065). Sell your dog, and you have to
bark yourself.
Prodaj si ko{ulata i plati si vergijata. (MNU 5266). Sell your
shirt so you can pay your taxes.
Prorokot ne e bez ~est, osven vo svojata tatkovina i vo svojot
dom. A prophet is not without honour save in his own country. (Luka 4, 24
/ Luke 4, 24; Matej 13, 57 / Matthew 13, 57; Marko 6, 4 / Mark 6, 4; Jovan 4, 44 / John 4, 44).
Protiv smrtta nema lek. (P.D. 2914). There is a remedy for everything
but death.
Pruì si nozete sproti jorgano. (MNU 5276). Stretch your legs according to your coverlet.
P't so odewe (se svr{it), bor~ so pla{~awe. (MNU 5315). He who
pays his debts begins to make a stock. Out of debt, out of danger.
Pticite od istiot rod, ~esto letaat zaedno. (P.D. 2917). Birds of a
feather flock together. Likeness causes liking. Like will to like.
Puknato grne m'~no se lepit (nikako ne se lepit). (Kav. 3078). A
cracked bell can never sound well.
Pusta pustelija vo ku}ata od pijanica. (MNU 5289). The house of
the drunkard is a wasteland.
Pusta rabota, {to }e ~eka{ od pijanica. (MNU 5291). A shoddy
job - what else can you expect from a drunkard?
Pustata zavis, od siromav um ne}i. (MNU 5292). A jealous man will
not take the advice of a poor man.
Pu{kata do sebe, (a) ènata pri sebe (drì si ja). (MNU 5296). A
horse, a wife, and a sword may be showed, but not lent.
Pu{ti go petelot v ku}i, da za na polica sam }e se ka~it. (MNU
5299). Let the rooster into the house, and he will climb up your shelf.
Pu{ti mu go prstot, }e ti ja fati rakata. (P.D. 2923). Give a clown
− 124 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1622.
your finger, and he will take your hand. Give him an inch and he'll take an ell.
Pu{~aj si 'i noyete, kouku {~o ti je ~ergata. (Kis. 8). Stretch your
legs according to your coverlet. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will
reach.
1623.
1624.
Pu{~i go budalata na vojska, ta sedni àli go (t'ì go). (Kav.
3080). Send the fool into the army, then sit at home and weep for him.
Pu{~i si noyete kolku ti e pokrivot. (MNU 5303). Stretch your
legs according to your coverlet.
R
1625.
Rabotaj da jaj{, kri da ima{. (Kav. 3089). Rabotaj na mladost, kri
za starost. (Kav. 3090). Work to eat, hide to have. Work in youth, hide
for old age. Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. For age and want
save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample provision for
old age. Keep something for a rainy day. Lay up against a rainy day. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse.
1626.
Rabotata go krasi ~oeka, a mrzata go gnasi. (MNU 5319). Work
adorns a person, whereas laziness makes him hideous. Idleness is the mother
1627.
Rabotata go falit majstorot. (Kav. 3093). The work shows the
workman.
Rabotata et od Boga blaosovena. (MNU 5321). He that labours has the
God's blessing.
Rabotata {to }e vati{, krajot da i' go misli{. (MNU 5324). Better never to begin than never to make an end. Let him that beginneth the song
of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.
1628.
1629.
make an end.
1630.
1631.
1632.
1633.
1634.
1635.
Raboti kako za sto godini da ìvee{, a misli kako za utre oti }e
umri{. (MNU 5326). Work as if you'd live a hundred years, and think as
if you'd die tomorrow.
Raboti kako kow, se inati kako kamila. (MNU 5327). He works like
a horse, but he's as stubborn as a camel.
Radosta na bogatite e taga na siroma{nite. The pleasures of the
mighty are the tears of the poor. Tears of the poor.
Razbirat kolku magare od k'ntar (od muzika). (Kav. 3099). His understanding is as good as a donkey's appreciation of music.
Razdeli, pa vladej. Divide and rule.
Rani ku~e da te lae. (MNU 5348). Rani ku~e da te lait. (MNU
5349). Breed up a dog and he will bark at you. Breed up a crow and he will tear
out your eyes. He has brought up a bird to pick out his own eyes.
1636.
1637.
Rani lo{a ~elad da te kolnit. (MNU 5347). Breed up evil children
and they will curse you. To nourish a snake (viper) in one's bosom.
Rani ~avka da ti 'i iskquvkat o~ite. (Kav. 3110). Feed the crows so
that they can pick your eyes.
− 125 −
1638.
Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352). The early bird sings ealy in the morning. The early bird catches the worm. The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The
Muses love the morning.
1639.
1640.
1641.
1642.
'R|ata go jade èlezoto. Rust eats up iron. Iron not used soon rusts.
Re~i mu ago, da mu e drago. (B.D.). Call him Sir, so that he should be
glad of it.
'Ràn lebec da jadam, ama na tu|ina da ne odam. (MNU 5380). I'd
rather eat rye bread than go to a foreign land (Macedonians traditionally regarded eating rye bread as a sign of poverty).
Ribata v more, klal tavata na ognot. (MNU 5392). He put the frying
pan on the fire before he had caught the fish. Never fry fish till it's caught.
Don't sell the bear's skin before you have caught him. Do not count your chickens
before they are hatched. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not
halloo till you are out of the wood. Don't cross the bridge till you come to it. It is not
good praising a ford till a man be over.
1643.
1644.
Ribata vo more (do koga e) ne se pazarit. (MNU 5394). If the fish is
still in the sea, don't bargain over it.
Ribata i gostinot se usmrduvaat po tri dena. (B.D.). Fish and guests
stink after three days. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three days. A constant guest is never welcome.
1645.
1646.
1647.
1648.
1649.
1650.
1651.
Ribata od glaata se smrdvit. (MNU 5395). Ribata od glavata sa
osmrdove. (MNU 5396). The fish always stinks from the head downwards. Fish begins to stink at the head.
Ribata tripati pliva: vo voda, maslo i vino. (B.D.). Fish must swim
thrice.
Rikalo edno magare, koj go slu{a. (MNU 5399). A donkey was braying, but no one paid attention.
Rim ne e izgraden za eden den. Rome was not built in a day.
Rodi me so kasmet, ta frli me na buni{te. (MNU 5413). Give a
man luck and cast him into the sea.
Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420). It is not the gay coat that makes
the gentleman. The cowl does not make the monk.
Ruvo krasit, ruvo gn'sit. (Kav. 3133). The coat makes the man. The
coat doesn't make the man. It is not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. The
cowl does not make the monk.
1652.
1653.
Runo volna dala selanka, za da kupi oka jabolki. (MNU 5421). Set
a cow to catch a hare.
Ruti{~ata go praet ~veka bogat, aq' siromav. (Kav. 3134). The coat
makes the man. Apparel makes the man. The garment makes the man. Fine
feathers make fine birds. Dress up a stick and it does not appear to be a
stick.
S
− 126 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1654.
1655.
1656.
1657.
1658.
1659.
1660.
1661.
1662.
1663.
Sam Gospod se ~udi, koga gleda pop da laì i da kradi. (MNU
5455). When He sees a priest who robs and steals, God himself is amazed.
Sam si sviri, sam si igra: koj go gleda mu se ~udi. (MNU 5473). To
everyone's amazement, he plays on his own, and dances to his own tune.
Sam ~oek i vo raj ne go prilega. (MNU 5475). It wouldn't be right for
a person to be alone, even in paradise.
Samo Gospo znai {to e arno i lo{o. (MNU 5460). God is the only
one who doesn't deal in lies.
Samo si jadi i si preìva, kako volo koa da leì. (MNU 5464).
He just eats and lives like a lazy bull.
Samo stori se ovca, v'lcite se gotoj. (Kav. 3156). Become a sheep,
and you'll see how ready, willing and able the wolves become.
Svadba bez gajda na mrtoec prilega. (MNU 5485). A wedding without bagpipes resembles a funeral.
Svadba i mrtoec bez lu|e ne biduat. (MNU 5488). Weddings and
funerals are impossible without people.
Svetec da bidi{, pak treba da raboti{ i Boga da moli{. (MNU
5492). Even if you were a saint, you would still need to work and pray.
Sveto e merdiven: edni se ka~uat, a drugi slevat. (MNU 5500). The
world is a ladder for some to go up and some down. Thus fareth the world, that
one goeth up and another goeth down. In the world, who knows not to swim goes to
the bottom.
1664.
1665.
1666.
1667.
1668.
Sve}ata im sveti na drugite, a se tro{i samata. A candle lights others and consumes itself.
Sviwata jala ne jala, pak si ro{kat po |ubreto. (P.D. 3036). It is
hard to break a hog of an ill custom.
Sviwata koga }e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto. When the pig
has had a belly full, it upsets the trough.
Svoi kamewe sebe po glavata. (MNU 5516). His own rocks were
thrown back at his own head.
Svoja ku}a, svoja popradalnica. (MNU 5517). One's own hearth is
gowd's worth. East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be never so homely.
1669.
1670.
1671.
1672.
1673.
Se' vo svoe vreme. (P.D. 3113). Everything has its time.
Se' e dobro {to dobro }e zavr{i. All's well that ends well.
Se zavrtvit kako voda vo re~ina. (MNU 5547). He meanders along
like a river, never stopping anywhere.
Se zarekla vo petok da ne raboti, a vo sabota da kradi. (MNU
5552). She made a religious vow not to work on Fridays, but she stole on
Saturdays.
Se zatresla gora, se rodilo gluv~e. The mountains have brought forth
a mouse.
− 127 −
1674.
1675.
1676.
1677.
1678.
Se zatr~al ko `drebe pred kobila. (Kav. 4243). He ran like a colt
before its mother. Don't put the cart before the horse.
Se' ima granica. There is a limit to everything.
Se' ima svoe doba. There is a time for everything. (Propovednik 3, 1 /
Ecclesiastes 3, 1).
Se' moì{ da kupi{ za pari, samo zdravje ne moì{. (MNU
5649). You can buy everything, except natural good health.
Se naquti na magareto, (a) se natu{i na samarot. (MNU 5656). He
that cannot beat the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the
saddle.
1679.
1680.
1681.
1682.
1683.
1684.
1685.
Se opijanila kozata, ta go pobarala v'lkot da se boret. (Kav.
3278). The goat got drunk and challenged the wolf to a fight.
Se pla{i od svojata senka. He is afraid of his own shadow.
Se posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682). The bald laughed at
the scabby. The pot calls the kettle black.
Se posmeal ~erepot na {utarot. (MNU 5681). Se posmeal 'rbol na
{~rbol. (MNU 5680). The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse).
The pot calls the kettle black.
Se provre i ova nedela, kako glu{ec niz dupka. (MNU 5688). And
this week slipped by as well, exactly as a mouse slipping through a hole.
Se rodil, sade da jadi i da pie i kako goedo da ìvee. (MNU
5696). He was born to eat and drink, and live like an animal.
Se' si e so vreme. (P.D. 3121). There is a time for everything. Everything
has its time.
1686.
1687.
Se smejt denot na no}nata rabota. (Kav. 3297). An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
Se' so vreme bi`xat. (Kav. 3300). There is a time for everything. Everything has its time.
1688.
Se stori gro{ot zolata. (Kav. 3301). The penny saved became a
pound. A penny saved is a penny gained. Penny and penny laid up will be many.
1689.
Se' }e bidit, i nikoj ne }e vidit. (Zna~i odre~en odgovor.). (MNU
5720). All things will be, but we won't be around to see it.
Se falit - ne palit. (Kav. 3311). A barking dog never bites. Barking
Sparing is the first gaining.
1690.
dogs seldom bite. His bark is worse than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's
a good dog, but dares not bite.
1691.
1692.
1693.
1694.
Se' {to bilo pominalo i {to }e bidi }e pominit. (MNU 5728).
Whatever was, has passed, and what will be, will also pass.
Se' {to sakate da vi pravat lu|eto, pravete im i vie taka. DO unto
others as you would they should do unto you. (Matej 7, 12 / Matthew 7, 12;
Luka 6, 31 / Luke 6, 31). Do as you would be done by.
Se' {to sveti, ne e zlato. (P.D. 3129). All that glitters is not gold.
Sega se nao|am me|u dva ogna. (P.D. 3132). I am between two fires.
− 128 −
Bone Veli~kovski
Between the hammer and the anvil.
1695.
1696.
1697.
1698.
1699.
1700.
1701.
Seedno e dali e ma~kata crna ili bela, samo da lovi gluvci. (P.D.
3147). No matter whether the cat is black or white, it only matters if she
catches mice. A black hen lays a white egg.
Seko ku~e doma si lait. (MNU 5632). Every dog is a lion at home.
Sekoe grne si saka svojata poklupka. (MNU 5566). Every pot has its
cover.
Sekoe drvo se poznava po plodot. (P.D. 3154). A tree is known by its
fruit.
Sekoe zafa{~awe e te{ko. (Kav. 3216). Every beginning is hard.
Sekoe za{to ima svoe zatoa. (B.D.). Every why has its wherefore.
Sekoe zlo za dobro. (Kav. 3217). Sekoe zlo, ima svoe dobro. (P.D.
3155). Ill luck is good for something. Nothing so bad in which there is not
something of good. Nothing but is good for something. No great loss but some small
profit. There is bad which brings good.
1702.
1703.
1704.
Sekoe znaewe e bogatstvo. (P.D. 3157). Every knowledge is wealth.
Sekoe ku~e pred portata si lae. (MNU 5568). Every dog is valiant at
his own door. Every dog is a lion at home.
Sekoe magare svojot tovar si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Every donkey
carries his own burden. Let every pedlar carry his own burden. Let every pedlar
carry his own pack. Every man has his cross to bear. Every heart has its own ache.
1705.
1706.
Sekoe petle na svoeto buni{te si pee. (MNU 5574). A cock is bold
on his own dunghill.
Sekoe selo svoj adet (zakon). (Kav. 3220). Sekoe selo svoj zakon
(si imat). (MNU 5576). Every land has its own law. So many countries, so
many customs.
1707.
1708.
1709.
1710.
1711.
1712.
Sekoe ~udo za tri dni. (Kav. 3221). All wonders last three days.
Sekoj vodeni~ar si ja vrti vodata na svoja vodenica. (B.D.). Every
miller draws water to his own mill.
Sekoj go nosi svojot krst. (P.D. 3163). Every man has his cross to
bear. Every heart has its own ache.
Sekoj da si metit pred porta. (MNU 5599). Everyone should sweep
their own porch. Sweep before your own door.
Sekoj den bez nasmevka e izguben den. (P.D. 3164). The day is lost on
which you did not laugh.
Sekoj den Veligden ne biva. (MNU 5600). It is impossible for every
day to be as joyous as Easter. Christmas comes but once a year. Every day is not
Sunday.
1713.
1714.
1715.
Sekoj e kova~ na svojata sudbina. (P.D. 3166). Every man is the architect of his own fortune.
Sekoj e potcenet vo tatkovinata, pa bilo da e toj i prorok. (P.D.
3167). A prophet is not without honour save in his own country.
Sekoj za sebe, a Gospod za site nas. (B.D.). Every man for himself and
God for us all.
− 129 −
1716.
1717.
1718.
1719.
1720.
1721.
Sekoj zn'jt ke go nabivjat (stegvit) opinokot (kondurot). (Kav.
3237). No one but the wearer knows where the shoe pinches.
Sekoj kamen na mesto si teìt. (MNU 5605). Every stone has its own
burden. Every heart has its own ache. Every man has his cross to bear.
Sekoj kau|er ne moìt da bidit egumen. (MNU 5606). Not all monks
can become abbots.
Sekoj koj pravi zlo ja mrazi svetlinata. He that does ill hates the
light. (Jovan 3, 20 / John 3, 20).
Sekoj na svoeto si e ubav. (P.D. 3171). Each bird loves to hear himself
sing.
Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te pee. (P.D. 3174). Every cock crows
on his own dunghill. A cock is bold on his own dunghill. Every man is a king in
his own house.
1722.
1723.
Sekoj po~etok e teòk. (P.D. 3176). Every beginning is hard.
Sekoj pred svojata ku}a metit. (Kav. 3243). Every man should sweep
before his own house. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would
1724.
Sekoj prijatel ti biduat za od tebe koga da dobivat. (MNU 5613).
Everyone wants to be your friend when there is something to get from you.
Sekoj sam se bendisal. (MNU 5616). Each bird loves to hear himself
sing.
Sekoj sam si znajt kade go stiskat ~eolot. (Sekoj sam si znae kakva
maka si ima.). (MNU 5617). Everyone knows best where his own shoe
pinches. Everyone knows where the shoe pinches.
Sekoj samo um ti prodat, a nikoj ne ti pomogvit. (Kav. 3245). Everyone is generous with advice, but no one offers any real help.
Sekoj si e so svojot krst na ~elo. (P.D. 3181). Every man has his
cross to bear. Every heart has its own ache.
Sekoj si kroj so ar{ino svoj. (MNU 5620). Don't judge every one by
your own measure.
Sekoj siromav sakat da se obogatit, a bogat ne}i da se osiroma{it. (MNU 5622). Every poor man wants to get rich, but no rich man
wants to become poor.
Sekoj so umot se bogateat, za da stori ne{to na vekov. (MNU
5625). Everyone enriches their mind to do something worthwhile with their
lives.
Sekoj starec i znalec. (P.D. 3183). Every old man is a wise man. If you
soon be clean.
1725.
1726.
1727.
1728.
1729.
1730.
1731.
1732.
wish good advice, consult an old man.
1733.
Sekoj treba da si ja gleda svojata rabota; Sekoj neka ostane onakov
kakov e povikan! Every man must walk in his own trade. (I Korintjani 7,
20 / I Corinthians 7, 20). Every man must walk in his own calling. Every man as
1734.
Sekoj }e go nosi svoeto breme. (Galatjani 6, 5 / Galatians 6, 5). Every
his business lies.
− 130 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1735.
1736.
1737.
1738.
1739.
1740.
1741.
1742.
1743.
1744.
man shall bear his own burden.
Sekoj }e ja primi svojata nagrada spored svojot trud. As the work,
so the pay. (I Korintjani 3, 8 / I Corinthians 3, 8; II Korintjani 5, 10 /
II Corinthians 5, 10; Otkrovenie 22, 12 / Revelation 22, 12).
Sekoj ~evel ne e za sekoja noga. Every shoe fits not every foot.
Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU 5580). A disease known is half
cured. A danger foreseen is half avoided.
Sekoja vistina ne se kaùva. All Truths are not to be told.
Sekoja vre}a si ima svoja zakrpa. (B.D.). Every Jack must have his
Jill. There is not so bad a Gill, but there's as bad a Will.
Sekoja krava svoeto tele go liìt. (Kav. 3224). Every cow licks her
own calf.
Sekoja motika vle~e kon sebe. (P.D. 3190). Every spade draws earth
to itself. Every miller draws water to his own mill.
Sekoja ovo{ka na vreme si zdreit. (MNU 5591). All fruit ripen in
their own time.
Sekoja olxica ne e za sekoja usta. (Kav. 3226). Not all spoons are for
all mouths.
Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata teìna. (P.D. 3192). Every mountain has its own weight. Every heart has its own ache. Every man has his cross to
bear.
1745.
1746.
1748.
Sekoja p~ela ne berit med. (MNU 5596). Not all bees gather honey.
Sekoja Ciganka svoeto sito si go fali. Every pedlar praises his
needles.
Selo gorit, baba se ~e{lat. (MNU 5638). Granny combs her hair
while the village burns.
Selo fali v grad sedi. (P.D. 3202). Praise the village, but keep in city.
1749.
Sestra sestra m'ìt. (Kav. 3306). A sister marries her sister. Like moth-
1750.
Seti se, ~oveku, deka si prav, i deka vo pravta }e se vrati{. (P.D.
3207). All are of the dust, and all turn to dust again.
Seto more matenica - za nas pa nema laìca. (Za razo~arenieto {to
nastapuva po neostvareni nadeì.). (MNU 5715). If the sea turned into
soup, with my luck, I won't have a spoon.
Se~it so zborot kako sabja. (MNU 5724). He cuts with the tongue like
a saber.
Si go ne}el da go sretne{ na patot, on ti do{ol na katot. (MNU
5741). You'd rather not bump into him in the street, yet he comes to your
very doorstep.
Si imat kru{a opa{ka. (Kav. 3325). Every pot has its cover.
Si na{ol selo bez ku~iwa, {etaj si i bez stap. (MNU 5769). He
found a village without dogs, so he passed through it without a stick.
1747.
Praise the sea, but keep on land. Praise the hill, but keep below.
er, like daughter.
1751.
1752.
1753.
1754.
1755.
− 131 −
1756.
1757.
1758.
1759.
1760.
1761.
1762.
1763.
Sila bez um sama se upropastvit. (Kav. 3333). Power without intelligence is self-destructive.
Sina èni koga saka{, }erka m'ì koga moj{ (ko }e moj{). (Kav.
3337). Marry your son when you will, your daughter when you can.
Siromav od arami ne se pla{it. (Kav. 3345). The poor do not fear the
thief.
Siromav pred bogat samo si mol~it. (MNU 5778). The poor man is
always silent before the rich man.
Siromav ~vek - gotov |aol. (Kav. 3346). An idle person is the devil's
cushion.
Siromav ~ovek - ìv |avol. (P.D. 3233). Poverty is the mother of all
arts.
Siromajot i vo raj }e sedi podolu od bogatiot. (MNU 5782). The
poor man will still have less status in heaven than the rich man.
Siromajot od jangan ne berit gajle, ~unki vetvata ruguzina ne mu
gorit. (MNU 5783). The poor man is not afraid of fire, for all he has is his
old straw carpet. He that has nothing needs fear to lose nothing. You cannot lose
what you never had. A man cannot give what he hasn't got. Where nothing is, the
king must lose his right.
1764.
1765.
Siromasite so du{a 'i ~ekaat postite. (MNU 5785). The poor look
forward to Lent.
Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187). A
poor man's tale cannot be heard. The reasons of the poor weigh not. Of two disputants, the warmer is generally in the wrong.
1766.
1767.
1768.
1769.
Siroma{tijata et od boles polo{a. (MNU 5788). Poverty is worse
than sickness.
Siroma{tijata ja strav da vlezi u èna rabotnica. (MNU 5789).
Poverty is scared of the industrious woman.
Siroma{~ija i ka{lica ne moèt da se skrijet. (Kav. 3348). Poverty and coughs cannot be hid.
Siroma{~ija(ta e) usilna. (MNU 5790). Poverty is the mother of all
arts. The belly teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of all arts. Necessity is the
mother of invention.
1770.
1771.
1772.
1773.
Siroma{~ijata ne e grev. (Kav. 3352). Poverty is no disgrace.
Siroma{~ijata ne e stram, tuku kradeweto. (Kav. 3353). Poverty is
not a shame; but the being ashamed of it is.
Sit gladen ne veruva. (MNU 5796). He whose belly is full believes not
him who is fasting.
Site lu|e se smrtni. All men are mortal. It is as natural to be born as to die.
He that is once born, once must die. All that lives must die.
1774.
Site negovi guski se lebedi. All his geese are swans. The grass is always
greener on the other side of the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than
ours. Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours.
− 132 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1775.
1776.
1777.
Site reki te~at vo moreto. All rivers run into the sea. (Propovednik
1, 7 / Ecclesiastes 1, 7).
Site stanaa od prav i se vra}aat vo pravot. All are of the dust, and
all turn to dust again. (Propovednik 3, 20; 12, 7 / Ecclesiastes 3, 20; 12,
7).
Sitiot gladnego ne vervit (oti e gladen). (MNU 5807). He whose
belly is full believes not him who is fasting. Little knows the fat man what the
lean does mean.
1778.
1779.
1780.
1781.
1782.
1783.
1784.
1785.
1786.
1787.
1788.
Skopvit prasiwa, samo da mu viket "majstore". (Kav. 3361). He
became a pig gelder so that people would call him "maestro".
Sk'p na tricite, evtin na bra{noto. (Kav. 3362). Penny wise and
pound foolish. Spare at the spigot, and let it out at the bung-hole.
Skràviot e sluga na svoeto bogatstvo, a ne toa nemu. A covetous
man serves his riches, not they him. The rich are rather possessed by their
money than possessors.
Skràviot za nikogo ne e dobar, a najlo{ e za sebe. A covetous
man is good to none but worse to himself.
Skràviot i sviwata se dobri samo po nivnata smrt. He is like a
swine, he'll never do good while he lives. A covetous man does nothing that
he should till he dies.
Skràviot nikoga{ ne se nasituva. Skràiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). The miser is always in want.
Skràiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). The miser is always
in want.
Slaboto `drebe moè da porasne vo dobar kow. A ragged colt may
make a good horse. Wanton kittens make sober cats.
Slaboto ku~e sekoj go davi. (Nedeq. str. 187). The poor man is aye
put to the worst.
Slavej~eto od j'zikot si patit. (Kav. 3365). The tongue talks at the
head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.
Sladkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). Slatkata re~
i èlezna vrata otvarat. (MNU 5829). A soft word opens golden
gates. Full of courtesy, full of craft. Lip-Honour costs little, yet may bring in much.
Civility costs nothing. Good words cost naught. A man's hat in his hand, never did
him any harm. Kind words go a long way.
1789.
1790.
Slezi, Gospodi, nazemi i vidi {to se prait. Slezi, Gospodi, od
nebesi i nayri, da da vidi{ {to se prai nazemi. (MNU 5832,
5833). Come down from heaven, O Lord, and take a glance at what's happening on earth!
Slep slepca vodit. (MNU 5840). A blind leads the blind. If the blind lead
the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.
1791.
1792.
Sli~noto sli~no lekuva. Like cures like.
Sli~noto so sli~no se privlekuva. Like will to like. Likeness causes
liking. Birds of a feather flock together.
− 133 −
1793.
1794.
1795.
1796.
1797.
1798.
1799.
1800.
1801.
1802.
1803.
1804.
1805.
1806.
1807.
Slonot ne fa}a muvi. (P.D. 3284). Eagles don't catch flies.
Slu{aj {~o zborvit popon, a ne praj to {~o prajt toj. (Kav.
3373). Do as the friar says, not as he does. Do as I say, not as I do.
Smeeweto e dobro za zdravjeto. (P.D. 3287). The heart's mirth does
make the face fair.
Smetka bez kr~mar ne se pravi. He that reckons without his host must
reckon twice.
Smrtta ater ne gledat. (MNU 5850). Death does not inconvenience
itself.
Smrtta i Propasta ne moàt da se zasitat. Hell and destruction are
never full. (Poslovici 27, 20 / Proverbs 27, 20).
Smrtta ne opitvit ~i si. (Kav. 3381). Death does not look at your pedigree.
Smrtta ne pra{uva star i mlad. (P.D. 3294). All's alike at the latter
day: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The end makes all equal.
Smrtta ne pra{uet. (MNU 5852). Death keeps no calendar.
Sneg na s'nce ne trae. (MNU 5853). Snow does not last long in the sun.
So bogat ne sudi se, so rogat ne bori se. (Kav. 3390). Don't go to the
courts against a rich man.
So budala ne se prajt {aka, (ne se terat {ega). (Kav. 3392). Don't
banter with a fool.
So vikawe "med", ne se nasladuva ustata. It is not with saying Honey,
Honey, that sweetness will come into the mouth.
So vila orei ne se nosat. (MNU 5858). You can't shovel walnuts with
a pitchfork.
So vreme vistinata izleguva na videlina. Time tries truth. Time is the
father of truth. Truth is time's daughter.
1808.
1809.
So vreme gluv~eto na dve go kine jaèto. A mouse in time may bite in
two a cable.
So vreme i j'guridata med se prajt (pekmez se prajt). (Kav. 3393).
Time and straw make medlars ripe. With time and art the leaf of the mulberrytree becomes satin.
1810.
1811.
1812.
1813.
1814.
So vreme se' }e se otkrie. Time discloses all things. (Matej 10, 26 /
Matthew 10, 26; Marko 4, 22 / Mark 4, 22). Time will tell.
So vrzan hrt zaec ne se lovi. (MNU 5861). You can't hunt rabbits if
your hound is tied.
So gladni ku~iwa ovci ne se vardet, (stado ne se vardit). (Kav.
3395). You can't protect a flock of sheep with hungry dogs.
So |aol rod ne prai se. (MNU 5870). Don't make the Devil your relation.
So eden direk ku}a ne se krepit. (MNU 5871). A house cannot be
built with one pillar only.
− 134 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1815.
1816.
1817.
1818.
1819.
1820.
1821.
1822.
1823.
So edna lasto'ica ne idet leto. (MNU 5872). So edna lastojca
prolet ne idit. (MNU 5873). One swallow does not make a summer.
So edna ovca ba~ilo ne biduat. (MNU 5874). You can't have a dairy
farm with one sheep only.
So edno drvo ba{~e ne se prajt. (MNU 5877). One tree makes no garden.
So edno mavnuvawe drvo ne se se~it. (MNU 5878). An oak is not
felled at one stroke. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks.
So edno mawe d'b ne se urivat, (ne padinat). (Kav. 3409). An oak
cannot be felled with one blow of the axe.
So edno pile prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879). One swallow does not
make a summer.
So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (MNU 5880). One flower makes no garland. One swallow does not make a summer.
So zborovi ne se polnat ko{ei. Many words will not fill a bushel.
So zboroj piqav ne se prait, oti saka oris i mas. (MNU 5883).
You can't make pilaf with words - you need rice and butter. Good words fill
not a sack. Fair words fill not the belly. Many words will not fill a bushel.
1824.
1825.
1826.
1827.
1828.
1829.
1830.
1831.
1832.
1833.
1834.
1835.
1836.
So zimbiq Gospod ne pu{~at od nebeto. (MNU 5884). God does not
concentrate blessings in one place.
So igla bunar ne se kopa. (MNU 5887). You can't dig a well with a
needle.
So inka um ne se turat. (MNU 5892). You can't pour knowledge into
someone's head with a funnel.
So kakva merka merite, so takva }e vi se (od)meri. And with what
measure you meet, it shall be measured to you again. (Matej 7, 2 / Matthew
7, 2; Luka 6, 38 / Luke 6, 38).
So kovawe se stanuva kova~. Practice makes perfect. Use makes mastery.
So kogo si, takov si. (Kav. 3423). Tell me with whom thou goest, and
I'll tell thee what thou doest. A man is known by the company he keeps.
So kola zajak da fati{. (MNU 5895). He caught the rabbit by the foot
(i.e. he was very cunning).
So ku~e v torba (ili vo vre}a) ne vleguj. (MNU 5897). I wouldn't
get into a sack with a dog.
So laìcata me rani, so ra~kata mi kopa o~i. He covers me with his
wings, and bites me with his bill.
So maslo ogin ne se gasne. Pouring oil on the fire is not the way to
quench it.
So nepravewe ni{to, nau~uvame da pravime lo{o. By doing nothing
we learn to do ill. Idleness is the mother of all vice.
So ogan {ega ne bi`xat ({aka ne se prajt, ne se igrat. (Kav.
3435). Don't play with fire.
So opitvewe duri Stambol se odit. So pra{ajne i Stambol se
− 135 −
nao|at. So pra{uewe duri v Stambol oj{. (MNU 5921, 5932, 5933).
By asking you go all away to Istanbul. If you keep asking for the way, you can
arrive as far as Istanbul. Nothing is lost for asking.
1837.
1838.
1839.
So pot poblaga e ve~erata. (Kav. 3443). No sweet without some sweat.
So svoeto jadi, pi, davawe-zemawe ne praj. (MNU 5942). So svoj
~oek jadi i pi, ala{-veri{ ne praj. (MNU 5945). Eat and drink with
a relative, but avoid doing business. Business is business.
So sila qubov nema. Love cannot be compelled. Fanned fires and forced
love never did well yet.
1840.
1841.
So sila 'rt na lov ne odit. (MNU 5951). You can take a horse to the
water, but you can't make him drink.
So sila ubavina nema. (P.D. 3355). Love cannot be compelled. Fanned
fires and forced love never did well yet.
1842.
1843.
So strplivost se' se postignuva. Patience overcomes all things.
So tvoj kamejna po tvoja glaa. (MNU 5972). With your stones at your
own head. The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut
his own throat.
1844.
So tvojata palica po tvojata glavica. (MNU 5971). With your stick
at your own head. The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long
enough to cut his own throat.
1845.
1846.
1847.
1848.
1849.
1850.
1851.
1852.
1853.
So tebe jajt i pijat, zad tebe grobot ti go kopat. (Kav. 3465). He
eats and drinks with you, and digs your grave behind your back.
So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi. Fair words fill not the belly.
Fine words butter no parsnips.
So umo ~oek gre{aa, so glaata si trga. (MNU 5980). The tongue
talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.
So ustata med i maslo (leit), a vo srceto (poln e so) pelin i
strav. (MNU 5981). From his mouth honey and oil are pouring, but his
heart is full of bitterness (bitter weeds) and fear.
So ~u`x kow pobrgu se ojt. (Kav. 3476). A hired horse tired never.
So ~u`xi r'ce zmi se fa{~at (lojt). (Kav. 3478). It is good to strike
the serpent's head with your enemy's hand.
So ~u`xi r'ce lesno se fa{~at vreno èlezo. (Kav. 3479). Take the
chestnuts out of the fire with the cat's paw.
Sovr{enata qubov go izgonuva stravot. Perfect love casteth out fear.
(I Jovan 4, 18 / I John 4, 18).
Sol i sovet se davaat samo koga ti baraat. Do not offer salt or brains.
Help you to salt, help you to sorrow.
1854.
1855.
1856.
1857.
Sonot e brat na smrtta. Sleep is the brother of death.
Sonot e ogledalo na smrtta. Sleep is the image of death.
Sonceto greit i na lepe{ka. (MNU 5916). The sun also shines on
cow dung.
Sonceto da ne zajde vo va{iot gnev. Never let the sun go down on your
− 136 −
Bone Veli~kovski
anger. (Efesjani 4, 26 / Ephesians 4, 26). Let not the sun go down upon your
wrath.
1858.
1859.
1860.
1861.
1862.
1863.
1864.
1865.
1866.
Sonceto nad site isto izgreva. The sun shines upon all alike. (Matej
5, 45 / Matthew 5, 45).
Sonceto ne gree istovremeno od dvete strani na ogradata. The sun
does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once.
Sos edin kamen ku}a ne se prave. (MNU 5947). You can't build a wall
by one stone only.
Sos kakva mera meri{, sos takva }e ti merat. (MNU 5955). Judge
not, that ye be not judged.
Sos kakvi se sobere{, takov }e bide{. (MNU 5956). A man is
known by the company he keeps.
Spoznaj se samiot sebe si. Know thyself.
Sproti agata i bak{iòt. (Kav. 3484). Suit the gift to the man in authority (bakshish - in this case a gift offered as a bribe).
Sproti bijolot (volot) i ostenot (i jaremot). (Kav. 3487). Suit the
yoke to the bull.
Sproti vera i ve~era. (MNU 5992). Like faith, like dinner. Like saint,
like offering.
1877.
Sproti svetecot i praznikot. (MNU 5997). Sproti svetecot i
sve}ata. (MNU 5998). Like saint, like offering.
Sram èna ne zima. (MNU 6000). Faint heart never won fair lady.
Srebrenicite nabavuvaat se'. Money answers all things. (Propovednik 10, 19 / Ecclesiastes 10, 19).
Srebroqubieto e koren na sekakvi zla. The love of money is the root
of all evil. (I Timotej 6, 10 / I Timothy 6, 10). Money is the root of all evil.
Sre}ata e promenliva. Fortune is variant.
Sre}ata im pomaga na hrabrite. Fortune favours the brave (bold).
Sre}ata tropa samo edna{ na se~ija vrata. Fortune knocks once at
least at every man's gate. Opportunity never knocks twice at any man's door.
Stapovite i kamewata moàt da mi skr{at koskite, no zborovite
nikoga{ nema da me povredat. Sticks and stones may break my bones,
but words will never hurt me.
Star v'lk z'bi ne menvit. (Kav. 3510). An old wolf does not change
teeth.
Stara magarica, (a) crvena podopa{nica (nosit). (MNU 6017). Put
not an embroidered crupper on an ass. My old mare would have a new crupper.
Starata qubov ne 'r|osuva. (P.D. 3423). Old love doesn't rust. Old love
1878.
Starata qubov ne se zaborava. Old love will not be forgotten. Of soup
1879.
1880.
Stariot grev nosi nov sram. Old sin makes new shame.
Starite prijateli i staroto vino se najdobri. Old friends and old
1867.
1868.
1869.
1870.
1871.
1872.
1873.
1874.
1875.
1876.
will not be forgotten.
and love, the first is the best.
− 137 −
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
wine are best.
Starite se dvapati deca. Old men are twice children.
Starjot vol poarno orat. (Kav. 3511). An old ox makes a straight furrow.
Starjot prijateq poaren e od dvajca novi. (Kav. 3514). Old friends
and old wine are best.
Staro dreo ne se presadvit. (Kav. 3519). An old tree cannot be replanted.
Staro ku~e ko da lajt, trebit da vidi{ {~o e. (Kav. 3520). If the
old dog barks, he gives counsel.
Staro sum drvo, ama i kako nof obru~ se vitkam. (Nedeq. str.
189). I am an old tree, but I bend like a new one. Better bend than break. All
that shakes falls not.
1887.
Starost - gotova bolest. Old age is sickness of itself. An old man is a bed
1888.
Sto dram k'smed, sto oka taksirat. (Kav. 3530). One hundred grams
of good luck, one hundred kilograms of misfortune.
Sto stapoi po tu| g... tebe ne te bolat. (MNU 6057). A hundred rods
across someone else's backside will not hurt you; but one across your own
will.
Stomnata kataden ojt na voda, a eden den }e se skr{it. (MNU
6049). The pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last.
Stori arno, (stori dobro), frli go v more. (Kav. 3540). Napraj
dobro i v more vrli go. (MNU 4077). Do a favour, but throw it in the
sea.
Stori toa {to druga{ ne storil. (MNU 6056). He did what he had
never done before - he died.
St'paqka po st'paqka duri Stambol se ojt. (Kav. 3557). Step by
step, you will at last arrive in Istanbul.
Strav lozje ~ua. (MNU 6060). Fear keeps the garden better than the gardener. Fear keeps and looks to the vineyard, and not the owner.
Stram dupka ne rani. (Itar treba da bide.). (MNU 6064). Faint heart
never won fair lady.
Stram so sapun ne se mijat. (Kav. 3549). Soap will not wash away
shame.
Stramotata sedit vo bezrabotata. (MNU 6067). Shame sits on the
idle. Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil. By doing noth-
full of bones.
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896.
1897.
ing we learn to do ill.
1898.
1899.
1900.
Strogite vladeteli ne vladeat dolgo. The strong rulers make short
governance.
Strplivosta e doblest. Patience is a virtue.
Strplivosta e najdobar lek. Patience is a remedy for every grief. Patience is a plaster for all sores. Patience is the best remedy.
− 138 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1901.
Studeni race toplo srce. Cold hands, warm heart. A cold hand and a
warm heart.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
Suv leb da jadam samo tu|ina da ne odam. Dry bread at home is better
than roast meat abroad.
Suv leb da jadam, ama mrza da nemam. (MNU 6076). Let me eat stale
bread, but don't let laziness come near me.
Suvo dreo list ne pu{~at. (Kav. 3560). A withered tree will not put out
leaves.
Sudbi boìi neispitani. (MNU 6079). That's how the Fates wrote out
his destiny.
Sueta nad suetite, se' e sueta! Vanity of vanities, all is vanity. (Propovednik 1, 2 / Ecclesiastes 1, 2).
T
1907.
1908.
Tagata i radosta odat raka pod raka. Sadness and gladness succeed
each other. (Poslovici 14, 13 / Proverbs 14, 13).
Tajnata e premala za eden, dovolna za dvajca, premnogu za trojca.
A secret is too little for one, enough for two, too much for three. Three may
keep counsel if two be away. Two may keep counsel if one be away.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
Takovcite jadea kiselo grozje, a na sinovite zabite im fa}aat
oskomina. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are
set on edge. (Ezekiel 18, 2 / Ezekiel 18, 2).
Taman go nau~iv magareto da ne jajt, to cojsa. (Kav. 3574). Just as I
had taught the donkey to go without food, it died on me.
Taman siromajot se vati na tanec, se skina tapanot. (MNU 6118).
Just as the poor man joined the dance, the drum burst.
Tapani da buaat i ne se razbuduat pijaniot. (MNU 6123). Even loud
drums will not wake the sleeping drunkard.
Tatarite sam}im go brkaat. (Mnogu vjasa da raboti.). (MNU 6125).
He works at such speed, you'd think the Tartars were after his head.
Tatkoini brkotini sinoini sirotini. (MNU 6130). If fathers behave badly, their sons will be left poor. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and
the children's teeth are set on edge.
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
Tatkoto jal jaguridata na decata }e im skominaat zabite. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge.
Tatkoto koga }e mu delit stokata na decata, ne treba na edno da
davat so grs i na drugo so prs. (MNU 6137). When a father divides the
inheritance, he mustn't give with handful to one child, and with a finger to
another.
Tvarot e lesen na ~u`xi ple{~i. (Kav. 3580). A burden is always
lighter on another person's back.
Te prevrla od edna planina na druga. (Itro{tina ti prodava.).
− 139 −
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1924.
1925.
1926.
1927.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
(MNU 6158). He tosses you from one mountain to another with his cunning.
Temnica mu et na aramijata i sonce koga ogrevat. (MNU 6154).
Even when the sun is shining, it is still dark for the thief.
Terzijata so zakrpeni be~vi (ruti{~a) ojt. (Kav. 3588). The tailor
goes with mended clothes.
Terzijata so zakrpeno ali{te odit, a grn~aro so skr{eno grne.
(MNU 6166). The tailor wears patched clothes, and the potter drinks out of
a cracked jug.
Te{ka rana ozdravua, ama te{ka re~ ne se zaboraa. (MNU 6168). A
deep wound heals, but a heavy word is not forgotten.
Te{ko i gorko na toj ~oek {to e od umot lesen. (MNU 6170). Woe
to the mindless man!
Te{ko koj e bolen i skuden. (MNU 6172). Woe to whoever is sick and
in want!
Te{ko na taa ku}a bez èna. Woeful is the household that wants a
woman.
Te{ko na taa ku}a kade{to koko{kata pee, a petelot jajca kva~i.
It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock.
Te{ko na toa magare {to ne moè da si go nosi svojot tovar. 'Tis a
sorry ass that will not bear his own burden.
Te{ko na toj {to e sam. Woe to him that is alone.
Te{ko na toj {to sakat da imat mnogu pari i te{ko na toj {to
ne}it i~ da imat. (MNU 6174). Woe to the person who wants a lot of
money, and woe to the person who doesn't want any.
Te{ko tebe, zemjo, koga ti e carot premlad! Woe to thee, O land,
when thy King is a child! (Propovednik 10, 16 / Ecclesiastes 10, 16).
Te{tata i snaata se pekol vo ku}ata. Mother-in-law and daughter-inlaw are a tempest and hail storm.
Ti ako me vati{ za glaa, jas }e te vatam za brada. (MNU 6177). If
you grab my head, I'll grab your beard.
Ti go pquva{, a toj mislit od Gospoda rosica. (Kav. 3606). You
spit in his face, and he thinks it is a gentle shower from God (i.e. he is and
incorrigible optimist).
1934.
1935.
Ti mu veli{: sum ad'm, toj te pra{a: kolku deca ima{. (MNU
6198). You tell him: "I'm not married." He asks: "How many children do
you have?"
Ti re~i: {e}er, jas da re~am: med, i }e se ujdisame. (MNU 6204).
You sey "sugar" and I'll say "honey", and then we'll both be laughing (come
to an agreement).
1936.
1937.
Tivkata voda e dlaboka. Still waters run deep.
Titiz (skràv) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622). A miserly father
− 140 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1938.
1939.
makes a prodigal son.
Titizot (skràviot) i koga umirat ne prajt arno (dobro). (Kav.
3621). The miser is always in want.
Toa {~o nemat i carot ne jajt. (MNU 6215). Where nothing is, the
king must lose his right. Where nought's to be got, kings lose their scot. A man
cannot give what he hasn't got. He that has nothing needs fear to lose nothing.
1940.
1941.
1942.
Toj kolit, toj besit. (MNU 6222). He's the boss - he hangs, draws and
quarters.
Toj {to go buri~kat medot, }e si 'i lizne prstite. (MNU 6231).
Whoever mixes the honey with his hands, will inevitably lick his fingers.
Toj {to zboruva {to saka, mora da slu{a i toa {to ne saka. (P.D.
3595). Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He that
speaks the thing he should not hears the thing he would not. He who says what he
likes shall hear what he does not like.
1943.
Toj {to ne slu{a postar }e ostanit prostak. (MNU 6241). Whoever doesn't listen to the elderly, will remain ignorant. He who doesn't hear the
councils of the elderly people will remain an ignorant. If you wish good advice,
consult an old man.
1944.
1945.
1946.
1947.
1948.
1949.
1950.
1951.
1952.
1953.
1954.
1955.
1956.
Toj {to nema stram nema ni grev. (MNU 6237). The person who
knows no shame, lacks compassion as well.
Toj {to nikoga{ ne bil ~irak, ne moè da bide majstor. He can ill
be a master that never was a scholar.
Toj {to pita gladen ne ostanuat. (MNU 6243). The lame tongue gets
nothing. He that cannot ask, cannot live. Dumb men get no land.
Toj {to rano stanua i Gospod mu pomagat. (MNU 6244). The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The Muses love the morning.
Tolku arno go znam toj ~oek, {to duri zabite kolku mu se mu 'i
znam. (MNU 6251). I know him so well, that I know the exact number of
teeth in his head.
Torbata na pita~ot so ni{to ne se polnit. (MNU 6258). The bag of
the beggar is bottomless.
Traj (za) da naj{ raj. (MNU 6265). Be still, and have thy will.
Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6266). Patience overcomes all
things. Patient men win the day. Suffer and expect.
Trgni go - na nos, turni go - na g'z. (Kav. 3641). Pull him - he falls on
his nose; push him - he falls on his bum.
Trgovec e i onoj {to dobiva i toj {to gubi. He that loses is merchant
as well as he that gains.
Treba da se bide umeren vo se'. Moderation in all things.
Trendafilot imat trn~iwa i ~oekot imat gajliwa. (MNU 6278).
The rose has thorns, and a person has worries.
Tri èni i edna guska cel pazar. Three women and a goose make a
market. Many women, many words; many geese, many turds. Where there are
women and geese, there wants no noise.
− 141 −
1957.
1958.
1959.
1960.
Tri ne{ta (se) nevozmo`ni: do neboto skala ne se prai, na moreto poklopka ne se klava i na smrtta nema zamenka. (MNU 6287).
Three things are impossible: a ladder that goes all the way to heaven; a lid
that would cover all the ocean; and a human being escaping from death.
Tripati meri, edna{ se~i. Measure thrice what thou buyest; and cut it
but once.
Trista lakrdii za para. (MNU 6289). Three hundred carryings-on for
a mere dollar!
Trkaloto na sre}ata postojano se vrti. Fortune's wheel is never
stopped. Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing else in
the world.
1961.
1962.
1963.
1964.
1965.
1966.
Trn grozje ne ra|a. (MNU 6291). Plant the crab-tree where you will, it
will never bear pippins.
Trne na nozete ne ti klaov, ni àr na papokot. (MNU 6293). I have
neither put a thorn in your leg, nor ashes (embers) on your stomach.
Trweto, i da ne 'i sei{, }e niknat, a p~enica saka maka. (MNU
6298). Weeds grow naturally, whereas wheat requires toil and effort.
Trpe` mu e majkata. (Kav. 3656). Patience is the mother of salvation.
Trpenie spasenie. (Nedeq. str. 192). Bear and forbear.
Trpenieto od murenkov list (od list od murenka) prajt koprina.
(Kav. 3658). With time and art the leaf of the mulberry-tree becomes satin.
Time and straw make medlars ripe.
1967.
1968.
1969.
1970.
1971.
Trskana se vitkat sproti vetrot. (Kav. 3663). Oaks may fall when
reeds stand the storm.
Trudbenikot ja zasluùva svojata plata. The labourer is worthy of his
hire. (Luka 10, 7 / Luke 10, 7).
Trudot e imawe. (Kav. 3664). No pains, no gains.
Trudot nikogo nikoga{ ne postramotil. (Kav. 3665). Labour and
effort never brought shame to anybody.
Tu|ata koko{ka e pogolema od na{ata misirka. (MNU 6319).
Someone else's hen is bigger than our own turkey. Someone else's hen is always plumper than your own turkey.
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
Tu|ata koko{ka pogolemi jajca snesla. (MNU 6320). Someone else's
hen has laid bigger eggs.
Tu|ina vali - sam ne odi. (MNU 6321). Praise foreign lands, but don't
go there yourself.
Tu|inata e za siromav bel obraz. (MNU 6323). Migrating to a foreign
land is for a poor man in disgrace.
Tuku klapa kako volk vo magla. (MNU 6333). He howls like a wolf in
the mist.
Tuku klapa kako kako besen pes po sokaci. (MNU 6332). He howls
like a mad dog in the alleyways.
− 142 −
Bone Veli~kovski
1977.
Tutun sitos ne drìt. (MNU 6361). Smoking never totally gratifies.
]
1978.
1979.
1980.
1981.
1982.
]arot i zararot bra}a se. (MNU 6363). Profit and loss are brothers.
]arot i zijanot se bra}a. (MNU 6364). He that loses is merchant as
well as he that gains. Profit and loss are brothers.
]e gi prekovaat me~evite vo plugovi. They shall beat their swords
into ploughshares. (Isaija 2, 4 / Isaiah 2, 4).
]e go brka duri e ìv. (MNU 6367). He will hunt him down as long as
he lives.
]e dojde kolce na trkalce. (B.D.). Fortune's wheel is never stopped.
Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing else in the world.
1983.
1984.
1985.
]e im platam spored nivnite raboti i spored delata na nivnite
race. As the work, so the pay. (Eremija 25, 14 / Jeremiah 25, 14; Matej
16, 27 / Matthew 16, 27; II Timotej 4, 14 / II Timothy 4, 14).
]e ti donesi od devet reki vodi. (Mu se fali od merata nadvor.).
(MNU 6424). He is such a braggart, he reckons he'll bring water from nine
rivers.
]ela gla lesno se bri~it. (Kav. 3697). It's easy to shave a bald head.
U
1986.
U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733). The potter has no pot. U grn~ara
novo grne ne sakaj. (P.D. 3723). Don't look for a new pot at the potter's.
Let the cobbler stick to his last. Let not the cobbler go beyond his last. None more
bare than the shoemaker's wife and the smith's mare.
1987.
U sekogo ima lutina, ama blaze na toj, {to ja zauzda. (MNU 6547).
There is anger in everyone, but happy is the person who can control it. An-
1988.
U sekogo ima misla, ama blaze si mu, koj si ja ima ~ista. (MNU
6548). Everyone has conscience, but blessed are those with a clear one.
U sekogo ima pone{to aresno i svesno. (MNU 6549). In everyone
there is something good and worthwhile.
U sekogo se nao|a po edna para um. (MNU 6552). There is at least a
spark of intelligence in everyone.
U siromav mrzliv ne baraj pari, vo mesto pari toj si ima vo{ki.
(MNU 6554). Instead of money, lice are what you will find in a lazy poor
man.
Ubaata èna e ugodna na o~ite, a umnata na srceto. (MNU 6438).
The pretty woman gratifies the eyes; the intelligent woman, the heart.
Ubavinata brgu minuva. Prettiness dies first. Beauty is but a blossom.
Ubavinata kako cve}e ovenuva. Beauty fades like a flower.
ger is a real test for the sensible person.
1989.
1990.
1991.
1992.
1993.
1994.
− 143 −
1995.
1996.
1997.
1998.
1999.
Ubavo lice, ludo srce. A fair face, foul heart. Fair without, foul within.
Ubaite kru{i gi jadat svinite. (MNU 6441). The worst hog often
gets the best pear. Into the mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone.
Ubata stoka sama se prodat. (Kav. 3730). Good ware makes quick
markets.
Ugnetuvaweto gi pravi mudrite - bezumni. Oppression makes a wise
man mad. (Propovednik 7, 7 / Ecclesiastes 7, 7).
Ugore visoko, udolu dlaboko. (MNU 6454). It is too high to go up, and
too deep to go down. Between the hammer and the anvil. Put not thy hand between the bark and the tree.
2000.
2001.
Ukasan od zmija, begat i od gu{terica. (MNU 6477). Bitten by a
snake, he is now frightened of lizards.
Umira~ka - bel obraz. (Kav. 3747). Umira~ka - kurtula~ka od sekoja maka. (MNU 6503). Dying - relief from all misery. At the end of the
game the king and the pawn go into the same bag. Six feet of earth make all men
equal.
2002.
2003.
2004.
2005.
2006.
2007.
2008.
2009.
2010.
2011.
2012.
2013.
2014.
Umira~kata ispravjat se'. (Kav. 3750). Death is the great leveller.
Umniot e junak, a ne silniot. (Kav. 3753). The intelligent person is the
real hero, not the strong person.
Umno u~i, da bidit poumno. (MNU 6512). The wise person teaches
others to be intelligent.
Umot vo glaat stoit, a ne vo kapata. (MNU 6514). The mind is in the
head, not in the hat.
Umren ~oek prijatel nemat. (MNU 6534). The dead have no friends.
Umrenite od nikogo strav nemaat. (MNU 6530). The dead fear no
one.
Umri, da ako saka{ da te àlam, oti duri si ìv, }e te karam.
(MNU 6536). Die, if you want me to mourn, because as long as you live, I
will quarrel with you.
Ustata prait, ustata rasipuat. (MNU 6562). The mouth creates and
the mouth destroys.
U~ej}i gi drugite, se u~ime samite. Teaching others teacheth yourself.
One learns in teaching.
U~i se na mudrosta od ludosta na drugite. Learn wisdom by the follies of others.
U{te edna beqa ne pomina, vtasala druga. (MNU 6584). One trouble
was scarcely over, when another came.
U{~e v'lkot neviden, vikat po ku~iwata. (Kav. 3790). Don't call the
dogs till you see the wolf.
U{~e z'jakot nefaten izdelkal r'èn. (Kav. 3791). Z'jakot v planina, a toj r'èn gotvit. (Kav. 1105). The hare in the wood, he made a
spit.
− 144 −
Bone Veli~kovski
2015.
2016.
U{~e ne videl rekata, (a) slekol ga{~ite. (MNU 6596). Don't take
off your shoes (pants) until you come to the river.
U{~e nevidena rekata, 'i slekol ga{~ite. (Kav. 3793). Don't undress till you come to the river. Don't cross the bridge till you come to it.
F
2017.
Falba e 'r|a. (MNU 6600). Falbata e krasta. (MNU 6601). A man's
praise in his own mouth stinks. He that praises himself spatters himself. He that
is a blab is a scab. Self-praise is no recommendation.
2018.
Fatil j'gula za opa{ka (Kav. 3804). He caught an eel by the tail (i.e. he
was very cunning).
2019.
2020.
2021.
Fetenoto e borx. (Kav. 3809). Promise is debt.
Frli glista, (ta) da naj{ (ili da izvaj{) j'guqa. (MNU 6625).
Through a worm to catch an eel. He, who gives a duck, expects a goose.
Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{ (ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631).
Throw out a sprat to catch a mackerel. Throw out a sprat to catch a salmon (herring, whale). Bait a sprat to catch a herring.
H
2022.
Hartijata trpi se'. Paper endures all. Paper won't blush. Pens may blot, but
they cannot blush.
C
2023.
2024.
2025.
2026.
2027.
2028.
2029.
2030.
2031.
2032.
Car e na àbite. (MNU 6649). He's a king - of frogs!
Car se stori, pak ne se blagodari. (MNU 6651). Even though he became king, he was still dissatisfied.
Car, kral, kwaz, bogat, siromav, site }e umrime. (MNU 6650).
Emperor, king, prince, rich man, poor man - all of us shall die and enter the
earth.
Cve}e vo gradina sekoj go miluat. (MNU 6655). Everyone loves a
flower in the garden.
Cve}eto rasti, za ~oekot da go veselit. (MNU 6658). The flower
blooms and brings joy to human beings.
Celta go opravduva sredstvoto. (B.D.). The end justifies the means.
He that wills the end, wills the means.
Cojsan kow ne klocat. (Kav. 3824). A dead horse doesn't kick.
Crven remen, (a) na gol korem (mev). (MNU 6679). A red belt on a
naked belly.
Crkvata miet du{ata, a bawata snagata. (MNU 6685). The church
cleanses the soul, whereas the baths cleanse the body.
Crn piper na bel oriz se solit. (Kav. 3840). Black pepper seasons
− 145 −
2033.
2034.
2035.
2036.
2037.
white rice.
Crna bijolica (krava) belo mleko dat. (Kav. 3831). A black cow
gives white milk.
Crna koko{ka beli jajca nosit. (Kav. 3830). A black hen lays a white
egg.
Crnata zemja beli poga~i ro`xat. (Kav. 3833). The black earth gives
white breads.
Crni dni imat, ama i beli imat. (MNU 6687). There are black days,
but also white days.
Crni r'ce, bela poga~a. (Kav. 3834). Black hands, white cake.
^
2038.
2039.
2040.
2041.
2042.
2043.
2044.
2045.
2046.
2047.
2048.
âfka so ~afka o~ite ne si vadat. (MNU 6703). Crows will not pick
out crows' eyes.
âfkata gulab ne biduat. (MNU 6704). A crow cannot be a pigeon.
^vek vervit vo {~o mu se sakat. (Kav. 3849). We soon believe what
we desire.
^vek dvap'ti se prajt doma{en izme}ar: koga e mal i koga
}'ostarit. (Kav. 3850). Man is twice home servant: as a child and as an
old man. Old men are twice children.
^vek mislit edno, Gospod dat drugo. (Kav. 3857). Man proposes, God
disposes.
^vek na ~veka mu e |aol. (Kav. 3858). Man is a devil to his fellow man.
^vek se u~it dur e ìv. (Kav. 3869). ^vek se u~it dur e ìv i pak
neu~en umirat. (Kav. 3870). Never too old to learn. Live and learn.
^vekot se vrzvit za j'zik, a volot za rogoj. (Kav. 3864). An ox is
taken by the horns and a man by the tongue.
êvlarot sekoga{ odi so skinati ~evli. The shoemaker always goes
with shabby shoes. Let the cobbler stick to his last.
êkan fali, od kalem ìvej. (Kav. 3884). Praise the hammer, but keep
on pencil. Praise the sea, but keep on land. Praise the hill, but keep below.
êrep {utarka prekarvit. (Kav. 3887). The pot calls the kettle black.
The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse).
2049.
2050.
2051.
2052.
êsta e nagrada za doblesta (dobrodetelta). Honour is the reward of
virtue.
êsta ne moè da se odzeme, taa moè samo da se zagubi. (MNP
3905). Honesty may be dear bought, but can never be an ill pennyworth.
êsta ~est nosit. (MNU 6721). Honour brings more honour.
îvijata ~ivija vadi. (Nedeq. str. 199). îvija ~ivija iskaruva.
(MNU 6726). One nail drives out another. One poison drives out another. One
devil drives out another. Like cures like.
− 146 −
Bone Veli~kovski
2053.
îe lice gqame, to go celivame. (Kav. 3898). Whose face we see, we
kiss it. Out of sight, out of mind. Far from eye, far from heart. Seldom seen, soon
2054.
îs kako gulab, iter kako |aol. (MNU 6733). Pure as a dove, sly as a
devil. Sly as a snake, gentle as a dove. Wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
îst esap, bratska qubov. (Kav. 3903). Even reckoning makes dear
brotherhood. Even reckoning makes long friends. Short reckonings make long
forgotten.
2055.
friends.
2056.
îstotata nosi zdravje. Cleanliness brings health. Cleanliness is next to
godliness.
2057.
îstotjata e polojna zdravje. (Kav. 3907). Cleanliness is half a health.
2058.
ôvek bez pari e kako senka bez telo. (P.D. 3926). A man without
money is like a shadow without body. A man without money is no man at all.
ôvek se u~i dodeka e ìv. Live and learn. Never too old to learn. Though
Cleanliness is next to godliness.
2059.
old and wise, yet still advise.
2060.
2061.
2062.
2063.
2064.
ôveko i od èlezoto e pojak. ôekot e i od jajce poslab. (MNU
6746, 6761). The human being is stronger than iron, and more fragile than
an eggshell.
ôvekot ne }e ìvee samo od leb. Man cannot live by bread alone.
(Matej 4, 4 / Matthew 4, 4; Luka 4, 4 / Luke 4, 4).
ôve~kite usti ne sa vre}a da 'i zatne{. (MNU 6749). Human
mouths are not bags that can be sealed.
ôek verua toa {to poe}e mu se sakat. (MNU 6751). We soon believe what we desire.
ôek se u~i duri da umri, i na se' ne }e se nau~it. (MNU 6775). A
person learns till they die, and yet their knowledge remains imperfect. Never
too old to learn. Live and learn.
2065.
2066.
2067.
2068.
2069.
2070.
2071.
2072.
ôek se u~i so zbor, a me~ka so stap. (MNU 6776). You can teach a
human being with words, but for a bear, you need a stick.
«oek treba da jadi za da ìveit, a ne da ìveit i da jadit. (MNU
6777). A human being has to eat in order to live, but should not live just to
eat.
«oek ~oeku e angel i |aol. (MNU 6778). A human being is both angel
and devil.
«oeko se rodil na vekov, za ne{to da poznait za{to se rodil.
(MNU 6758). A person is born to discover his or her purpose in life.
«oekot e i od kamen pojak. (MNU 6762). The human being is sturdier
than a rock.
«oekot e ~elo na vekov. (MNU 6763). The human being is apex of the
world.
«oekot so pla~ se ra|a, so pla~ umirat. (MNU 6768). The human
being is born crying and dies crying.
«uvat zmija v pazva. (Kav. 3911). To nourish a snake in one's bosom.
− 147 −
Breed up a crow and he will tear out your eyes.
2073.
2074.
2075.
«u`x komad poblag e. (Kav. 3918). «u`xiot maznik potu~en e.
(MNU 6788). «u`xoto vino poslatko e. (MNU 6791). Another's pie
is sweet. Someone else's wine is sweet. Stolen waters are sweet. Stolen
pleasures are sweet. Forbidden fruit is sweet.
«u`xina fali, sam ne odi (doma sedi). (Kav. 3913). Praise foreign
lands, but don't go there yourself (stay at home). There is no place like
home.
«u`xjot kow malu jajt, mnogu nosit (mnogu tr~at, mnogu trgat).
(Kav. 3915). Someone else's horse eats little, but carries a lot. A hired horse
is never tired.
2076.
«un po plitko ne ojt. (Kav. 3925). A ship doesn't go in shallow water.
A great ship asks deep waters.
[
2077.
2078.
2079.
2080.
2081.
2082.
2083.
2084.
2085.
2086.
2087.
[aka, {aka, posle lutina i kara~ka. (MNU 6805). One joke after
another, yet it all ended in a brawl.
[apkata mu et arna, ama glaata mu et prazna. (MNU 6807). The hat
looks good on him, but his head is empty.
[ega koj se biet, na drugio {egata odit po nego. (MNU 6822).
People who scoff at others should never be praised.
[iri mi se, me{e, oti }e jadi{ tu|o prase. (MNU 6834). Expand
dear stomach, as you're going to eat gourmet food at someone else's expense.
[irok ~oek na srce ìveit poe}e godiwe. (MNU 6836). The person
with a generous heart lives longer.
[iroko srce od se' e blagodarno. (MNU 6835). The generous heart is
content with everything.
[to deka davala krava mnogu mleko, koga ko klocnuala i go isturala, klae go volkot neka ja davit. (MNU 6854). So what if the cow
gives a lot of milk? If she kicks the pail over and spills it, throw her to the
wolves! The cow gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over.
[to deka e li~na nekoja nevesta, koga e bezrizi~na. (MNU 6855).
So what if the bride is beautiful if she is without good fortune?
[to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu pokaùa i liceto. (MNU
6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa bilo i vo mislata. (MNU 6865).
What the heart thinks, the face shows. Whatever comes out of the mouth has
been on the mind.
[to mi je ftesen dru|io, ko ne mi raboti k'smeto. (MNU 6874). If
you lack good fortune, all your efforts will be wasted.
[to najprvin }e se nau~i, najdobro }e se zapameti. What we first
learn we best know. Whoso learneth young forgets not when he is old. What youth
− 148 −
Bone Veli~kovski
is used to, age remembers.
2088.
2089.
2090.
2091.
2092.
2093.
[to ne}i{ tebe da ti praat, ne praj drugemu. (MNU 6883). Do unto
others as you would they should do unto you.
[to nosit saatot, ne nosit godinata. (MNU 6884). It chances in an
hour that happens not in seven years.
[to pove}e znaewe, toa pove}e bolki. He that increaseth Knowledge
increaseth sorrow. (Propovednik 1, 18 / Ecclesiastes 1, 18).
[to ste rekle vo temnina, }e se ~ue na videlina. What is done by
night appears by day. (Luka 12, 3 / Luke 12, 3).
[to te u~i pop, slu{aj, {to pravi toj - ne pravi. (MNU 6894). Do
as the friar says, not as he does. Do as I say, not as I do.
[to treba doma ne se nosi v crkva. Charity begins at home. Love your
friend, but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself.
2094.
2095.
2096.
2097.
2098.
2099.
2100.
2101.
2102.
[to }e bide, neka bide. What must be, must be. Whatever happens, all
happens, as it should. No flying from fate. The fated will happen.
[to }e re~e{ Mrsulko, re~i Biserko. (B.D.). Instead of saying
"Runny Nose", rather say "Pearl Boy".
[to }e se{, toa }e ti niknet. (GK, II, str. 180). As you sow, so it will
sprout. You will harvest what you have sown.
[to }e ~ujat doma, decata kaùvaat nadvor. What children hear at
home, soon flies abroad. The child says nothing, but what it heard by the fire.
[to ~ovekot }e posee, toa i }e `nee. As you sow, so you reap. (Galatians 6, 7. Galatjani 6, 7).
[uplivite jabolki pocrveni set od zdravite. (MNU 6931). Seldom
apples outwardly fair ashes at the core.
[uplivite jabolki sami si pa|aat od granka. (MNU 6932). The
withered apple falls off the branch by itself.
[~o vleglo v lelejka, }e vlezit i v nosilo. (Sekoj {to se rodil i
}e umre.). (MNU 6940). All that lives must die.
[~o da mu bara{ tragite (na kowo, poarno) broj mu 'i rebrata.
(MNU 6945). Don't look for the horse's trace, you'd rather count his ribs. A
stitch in time saves nine. He that repairs not a part builds all. The tailor that makes
not a knot loses a stitch. Who repairs not his gutter repairs his whole house.
2103.
2104.
[~o e pisano sve }e bidit. (MNU 6950). No flying from fate.
[~o ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (MNU 6956). That that comes
of a cat will catch mice. Cat after kind, good mouse-hunt. He that comes of a hen
must scrape.
2105.
[~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu i na srce. (Kav. 3967). What the
heart thinks, the tongue speaks. Out of the fullness of the heart the mouth speaks.
Heart in mouth, mouth in heart.
2106.
2107.
[~o mu treba brada, koga nema um u glavata. (MNU 6957). What is
the use of a beard, if he has no brains at all. Mickle head, little wit.
[~o ne{~o e najlo{o na vekov? Tri raboti: ogan, voda i lo{a
èna. (MNU 6960). Three things drive a man out of his house - smoke,
− 149 −
2108.
rain and a scolding wife.
[~o o~i brgo ne vidat, }e zaboravaat. (Nedeq. str. 185). What the
eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. Out of sight, out of mind. Long
absent, soon forgotten.
2109.
2110.
[~o si poseal, toa i }e ti niknit. (MNU 6965). You will harvest
what you have sown. As you sow, so you shall reap.
[~o trezven mislit, to pijan zborvit. (Kav. 3996). What the sober
man only thinks, the drunken man says aloud. What soberness conceals, drunkenness reveals. He speaks in his drink what he thought in his drouth.
INDEKS
na klu~nite zborovi i pokarakteristi~nite termini
A
aga 1640, 1864
adam (adamin) 1934
adet 231; svoj ~ 1706
azno 1425; tu|o ~ 1006
air (korist) 965
ajvan 2; ajvani 240
ajpida 520
alal 76
alat, bez 538
ali{ta 78, 1653; krpeni ~ 985;
ali{te 14; zakrpeno ~ 1921
alka 72; alki 1026
altani, oka 450
altar 789 v. oltar
al'{-veri{ 1026; ala{-veri{ 1838
ambar 115, 319, 644, 685; prazen ~ 229
amut 1235
angel 1121, 1333, 2067
anxija 427
apetit 80, 671
apsaana 1362
aram stoka 81
aramija 77, 82, 83, 84, 600, 1919, 1937
v. razbojnik, kradec; brz ~ 672; doma{en ~ 147; aramii 1272, 1758
argati, lo{i 1224
aren 85, 292, 689, 788, 832, 1006; ~
zbor 90; ~ junak 91; ~ kow 92; ~ sin
1173; ~ ~ovek 93, 847;
aresno 1989
arizan kow 1146
arna 1258, 2078; ~ èna 914, 1147; ~
ovca 86; ~ re~ 87; ~ stoka 88, 89;
arni izme}ari 1359; arno 3, 94, 95,
166, 186, 548, 809, 810, 888, 1097,
1191, 1657, 1783, 1784, 1891, 1938,
1948 v. dobro; tu|o ~ 1006
arslani 1498
ar{in 31; svoj ~ 1729
at 333, 1363; kakov ~ 745; atovi 96
atar 252
ater 1797
aforesani usti 1107
afrat 542
axiica 1010; axilak 1056
B
baba 4, 345, 1245, 1383, 1397, 1747;
mnogu babi 761, 1098, 1599
bav~a 136; bav~anxija 104, 1283;
bav~i~ka 1817
badijava 1319, badijala 497; ~ kiselina 97; badijalxija 98
bakaren kotel 563
baklava 509
bak{i{ 1864
bawa 946, 2031
barut 1360
ba~ilo 103, 1816
ba{ka 231
beg 28, 73, 1002; begovi 760
Beganova majka 106
begliska (begli~ka) ~e{ma 1148,
1264
beden 1157
bez alat 538; ~ vera 1489; ~ ve~era
1507; ~ voda 125; ~ vreme 112; ~ gajda 1660; ~ glava 761; ~ gore{tina
806; ~ grev 646; ~ èna 116, 812,
1925; ~ zdravje 117; ~ kavga 1324; ~
ko{ula 444, 839; ~ kom{ija 1251; ~
kr~mar 1796; ~ ku}a 116; ~ ku~iwa
1225, 1755; ~ kusur 812; ~ leb 124,
1471, 1489; ~ lu|e 1661; ~ maka 118,
121; ~ malku 894; ~ mera 119, 120; ~
miraz 2084; ~ nasmevka 1711; ~ nos
819; ~ ogin 1298; ~ opa{ka 1327; ~
pari 13, 122, 1456, 2058; ~ petli
595; ~ pomo{ 1605; ~ pop 596; ~ popadija 1560; ~ pot 123; ~ praksa
579; ~ prst 819; ~ rabota 124, 1044;
~ sloboda 125; ~ stap 1225, 1755; ~
− 152 −
Bone Veli~kovski
telo 2058; ~ trn 1324; ~ uzda 973; ~
u{i 753, 895; ~ um 1756; ~ fajde
1605; ~ ~est 124, 1610
bezboèn kreditor 625
bezvreden 230
bezgre{en 1333
bezopasni 540
bezrabota 1897
bezrizi~na nevesta 2084
bezumen 752; bezumni 1998
bel kow 1149; ~ obraz 1974, 2001; ~
oriz 2032; ~ sneg 760; bela brada
166; ~ ma~ka 1695; ~ para 126; ~ poga~a 2037; beli dni 2036; ~ jajca
2034; ~ pari 126; ~ poga~i 2035; belo 106, 127, 128; ~ mleko 597 638,
2033
beleàn 1443
beqa 396, 915, 1452; druga ~ 2012;
tu|a ~ 150
berber 129, 130
beri}et 123, 1575; beri}etlija 1575
bes 48, 131; besen pes 1976
be~vi, zakrpeni 1920
bivol 136, 296, 498, 1143, 1865; bivolica 597; crna ~ 2033
bilbil 135
biser 230, 1192; biseri 397, 1286;
Biserko 2095
Bistra 506
bi~ 508
blag 137, 220; ~ zbor 138; blaga voda
1374; ~ lakrdija 138; ~ re~ 138;
blago 1037, 1387
blagodaren 1560; blagodarno srce
2082
blagoslovena rabota 1628, 1630;
blagosloveni race 1107; blagosloveno vino 139
blaèni 1524
blièn tvoj 1039; bli`na 'r` 140;
blizina 1532; blizu, prijatel 1514
Bog 75, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146,
147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 288, 539,
937, 999, 1003, 1322, 1323, 1477,
1523, 1530, 1597, 1628, 1662
bogat 38, 78, 153, 369, 794, 943, 1150,
1151, 1430, 1553, 1653, 1730, 1759,
1762, 1803, 2025; zavisliv ~ 529; ~
~ovek 154; bogati 1027, 1222, 1632;
bogatstvo 117, 155, 648, 690, 1321,
1702; golemo ~ 394; najgolemo ~
555, 557; svoe ~ 1780; celo ~ 1525;
bogatstva 1275
bodar duh 442
bo`ji, sudbi 1905; bo`jo 1530; ~
carstvo 1553
boj 311, 1240
bolva 598, 1364; edna ~ 504; bolvi
226, 673
bolen 157, 162, 275, 429, 1924; bolest
158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 1242, 1485,
1766; gotova ~ 1887; sekoja ~ 1737;
bolka 774, 775; sekoja ~ 1196; golemi bolki 306; pove}e ~ 2090; bolni
1167
borba 495
bor~ 164, 165, 312, 1339, 1371, 1413,
1461, 1613, 2019 v. dolg; bor~ovi
1067; bor~lija 822, 943, 985, 1507 v.
dol`nik
bos 287
bo~va 205; edna ~ 1376; prazna ~ 1587
brada 564, 629, 655, 787, 1217, 1516,
1932, 2106; bela ~ 166; lakot ~
1463; siva ~ 167; carska ~ 168
brazda 298
brat 169, 170, 171, 918, 971, 1131,
1177, 1352, 1532, 1603, 1854; daleku
~ 1514; bra}a 63, 172, 173, 1978,
1979; bratska qubov 2055; bratski
677; bratstvo 169
bra{no 350, 496, 840, 931, 1779
breme, svoe 1734
brgu 354, 825, 900, 934, 936, 1020,
1289, 2108; brz 174; ~ aramija 672; ~
pita~ 672; ~ terzija 672; brza voda
175; ~ ku~ka 176, 1551; ~ rabota
1434; brzi 1240; brzo 814
bri~ 79, 1207; bri~ewe 1468
brkotini, tatkovini 1914
brod 776
− 153 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
budala 177, 341, 497, 499, 605, 1152,
1243, 1623, 1804; eden ~ 14; ~ ~ovek
392; budali 380, 440, 670, 1358,
1503; ~ prijateli 314
bukva 178
buluk 202; buquk 929; cel ~ 460
bumbar 881
bunar 14, 133, 456, 1230, 1825; vetov ~
1342; netreben ~ 1315; nov ~ 1342,
1422; star ~ 1342, 1422
buni{te 1649; edno ~ 351; svoe ~
1705, 1721
bura 815, 1570
V
vade` 901
vareno, jajce 53
vedna{ 94, 997
vezir 203, 659
vek 74, 185, 189, 440, 670, 867, 1062,
1068, 1142, 1196, 1219, 1388, 1430,
1554, 1731, 2068, 2070, 2107 v. svet;
mil ~ 1357; ovoj ~ 560, 1356, 1357;
onoj ~ 1356; toj ~ 1196; dva veka
1094
Veligden 187, 1712; kataden ~ 758
venec 397
vepar, debel 1391
vera 188, 189, 190, 518, 875, 1317,
1580, 1866; bez ~ 1489; druga ~ 620
vergija 1609
veresija 191, 340
vesel 891; veselo srce 193, 970
vesti, lo{i 1020
veteno 2019
veter 401, 1218, 1570, 1967; sproti ~
886, 1256
vetva roguzina 1763; vetov bunar
1342
ve~er 1572; ve~era 378, 1866; bez ~
1507; poblaga ~ 1837; mala
ve~eri~ka 1069
ve~na maka 459, 1033; ~ umetnost 494
videlina 43, 1584, 1807, 2091
vik 1484; vikawe 1805
vila 1806
vina 913
vino 203, 204, 205, 213, 240, 738, 1186,
1646; blagosloveno ~ 139; dobro ~
399; staro ~ 1880; tu|o ~ 2073;
vinsko grne 206; kiselo vince 768
vinoven 847
vir 755
visoka jasika 606, 607; ~ topola 633;
visoki planini 207; visoko 208,
816; ugore ~ 1999; visokoumnost
309
vistina 209, 213, 380, 830, 996, 1084,
1090, 1340, 1393, 1807; polovina ~
239; sekoja ~ 1738
vkusovi 500
vlaga 6; vla`na zemja 1153
vladeteli, strogi 1898
vladika 21, 969, 1111, 1583; dobar ~
391
vlakno 211; v. dlaka; pajaìno ~
1143
voda 81, 240, 241, 439, 556, 599, 693,
750, 883, 934, 981, 990, 1001, 1060,
1108, 1142, 1148, 1238, 1264, 1359,
1376, 1422, 1646, 1671, 1708, 1890,
2107; bez ~ 125; blaga ~ 1374; brza ~
175; golema ~ 215, 303, 305; kradena
~ 978; krstena ~ 446; malku ~ 1211;
matna ~ 280, 478; ne~ista ~ 621;
silna ~ 175; slatka ~ 978; solena ~
1374; tivka ~ 156, 237, 1936; vodi
258, 1984; golemi ~ 307; voden
|avol 1440
vodenica 990; prazna ~ 552; svoja ~
1708; sekoj vodeni~ar 1708; vodeni~arska glava 168
vojska 1623
vol 107, 108, 1237, 1270, 1433, 1527,
1528, 1658, 1865, 2045; eden ~ 1373;
star ~ 298, 1882; volov rog 214; volovar 107; volovi 332; dva vola
1370
volja 584, 691
volk 56, 165, 201, 202, 210, 211, 212,
243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250,
− 154 −
Bone Veli~kovski
251, 252, 253, 330, 501, 564, 772, 908,
932, 1172, 1325, 1358, 1365, 1431,
1481, 1679, 1975, 2013, 2083; gladen
~ 279; eden ~ 448; ìv ~ 1166; star ~
1875; volci 929, 1659; vol~iwa 212,
251
volna, runo 1652
vo{ka 1366; gladna ~ 146; vo{ki
1425, 1991
vrag 171, 254
vrana 255
vrapci 52, 503, 899; vrap~e 11, 290,
507, 515; edno ~ 1488; niedno ~ 854;
sekoe ~ 1195; vrap~iwa 899; mnogu
~ 854; sto ~ 1488
vrat 57, 256, 295, 298; sekoj ~ 1235
vrata 339, 501, 796, 798, 1325; èlezna ~ 90, 138, 1447, 1448, 1788; zad ~
770, 1288; zlatna ~ 1788; se~ija ~
1873; tu|a ~ 819; crkovna ~ 1182;
dve vrati 1160, 1247; èlezni ~
1077; site ~ 572, 1181
vrba 257, 566, 567
vreva, mnogu 1099
vrelo èlezo 1851; ~ mleko 901
vreme 241, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265,
266, 267, 268, 269, 797, 1685, 1687,
1742, 1807, 1808, 1809, 1810; bez ~
112; drugo ~ 424; izgubeno ~ 645;
lo{o ~ 1232; pred ~ 1277; svoe ~
1669; sekoe ~ 37; vremiwa 270; drugi ~ 424
vre}a 805, 1250, 1831, 2062; sekoja ~
1739; vre}i~e sol 51; prazno ~ 1589
vrzan pop 271; ~ 'rt 1811
vrnewe 6
vtor zalak 729; vtora priroda 1214;
vtorpat 830
vujko 21, 201, 613, 702
v~era 368
G
gavran 273
gaz 221, 771, 807, 1952; lud ~ 1024;
pokrien ~ 1547; tu| ~ 1889
gazda 272
gajda 1403, 1429; bez ~ 1660
gajle 274, 379, 1323, 1763; gajliwa
1955
gajret 275
ga}i 433, 1087, 2015, 2016
gemija, edna 217
gibel 309
glava 131, 276, 277, 278, 341, 591, 681,
774, 787, 845, 876, 917, 945, 1065,
1227, 1243, 1297, 1381, 1425, 1435,
1493, 1498, 1645, 1667, 1847, 1932,
2005, 2078, 2106; bez ~ 761; vodeni~arska ~ 168; diva ~ 167; zelena
~ 166; navedena ~ 1213; prazna ~
516; tvoja ~ 1843; }elava ~ 1207,
1985; kolku glavi 961; tvoja glavica 1844
glad 286, 329, 467, 1160, 1544; pogolem ~ 228; gladen 282, 907, 1154,
1772, 1777, 1946; ~ volk 279; ~ kow
280; ~ 'rt 285; ~ ~ovek 281, 1589;
gladna vo{ka 146; ~ koko{ka 283;
~ me~ka 282; gladni ku~iwa 1812; ~
o~i 284
glas 288
glista 2020
glupav 499; glupec 293
glu{ec 229, 294, 1074, 1683; gluvci
40, 426, 469, 627, 644, 707, 710, 776,
777, 1155, 1695, 2104; gluv~e 1673,
1808
gnasotii 706
gnev 1857
gnezdo, svoe 1016
gnila {tica 1156; gnilo jaè (ortoma) 1230
govedo 1684 v. ajvan; goveda 1119,
1493; govedar 374
godina 2089; dolga ~ 12; edna ~ 974;
godini 258; pove}e ~ 656, 2081; sto
~ 1519, 1630
gozbi 970
gol 287, 640, 1367; ~ korem (mev) 2030
golem ogon 1394, 1377; ~ um 1070;
golema voda 215, 303, 305; ~ lakomija 302; ~ nu`da 1368; ~ riba 303,
304, 305; ~ su{a 1369; golemi bol-
− 155 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
ki 306; ~ vodi 307; ~ korabi 307; ~
po~esti 308; ~ ribi 215; ~ tovari
308; golemo 1249; ~ bogatstvo 394;
golemec 50
gologlav 829
gora 1265, 1673; ~ u{ata 1549
gordost 309
gore{tina 47; bez ~ 806
gorko 868,1923
Gornion (Gospod) 1252; Gospod 17,
18, 57, 59, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315,
316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323,
324, 325, 397, 474, 581, 600, 620, 639,
676, 712, 770, 782, 1120, 1157, 1217,
1222, 1557, 1657, 1715, 1789, 1824,
1933, 1947, 2042; sam ~ 1654
gospodin 685; gospoda 344; gospodar
374, 1009; dva gospodara 1331;
lo{i gospodari 1359
gost, kataden 759; nekanen (nekanet)
~ 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296; gostin
1644; najmil ~ 603; nevikan ~ 1288;
gosti 568, 772, 1545
gotov |avol 1760; gotova bolest
1887; gotovo magare 1293
grad 359, 1369, 1490, 1537, 1748; eden
~ 170; pogolem ~ 228; sekoj ~ 231;
cel ~ 1164
gradina 2026
granica 650, 1193, 1675
granka 1241, 2100
grb 658; zad ~ 530; jaka grba 71
grev 162, 1322, 1770, 1944; bez ~ 646;
kakov ~ 739; star ~ 1879; mnogu
grevovi 1091; greota 326; gre{en
~ovek 983; gre{ka 421; edna ~ 459;
gre{ki 327, 1158, 1159; svoi ~ 1144;
tu|i ~ 1144
greda 642
griva 37
Grk 1258
grne 1, 32, 45, 200, 328; zemjeno ~ 563;
novo ~ 1986; puknato ~ 1615; sekoe
~ 1267, 1697 skr{eno ~ 1921; staro
~ 387; grn~ar 328, 1921, 1986
grob 10, 331, 366, 376, 582, 666, 846,
1051, 1135, 1150, 1248, 1329, 1402,
1845; grobi{ta 329, 1423; tu|i ~
1205
grozd, kisel 759, 1294; grozje 257,
708, 979, 1413, 1961; kiselo ~ 1909;
kradeno ~ 979; takvo ~ 716
gro{ 865, 1688; tikven ~ 85
grst 1916
gulab 2039, 2054; gulabi 540; gulap~e
669
guna 1556
guska 502, 972; edna ~ 1956; site
guski 1774
gu{terica 828, 2000
D
dab 184, 1819
davalec 339; davawe-zemawe 1838;
mnogu dadeno 1100
dajre 1453
dale~en pat 44; dale~na p~enica
140; ~ zemja 1562; daleku 208, 346,
347, 389, 821, 1532, 1551; brat ~
1514
danok 338
dva veka 1094; ~ vola 1370; ~ gospodara 1331; ~ kamena 350; ~ le{nika
349; ~ ogna 1694; ~ petla 351; ~ stola 909; ~ ~asa 457; dve vrati 1160,
1247; ~ jajca 1168; ~ koì 1373; ~
lubenici 356, 879; na ~ 1808; ~
ne{ta 1371; ~ o~i 451; ~ pari 345,
1318; ~ race 206, 462, 1561; ~ sre}i
891; ~ strani 1859; ~ sve}i 1190; ~
u{i 451, 1607; dvajca 62, 352, 353,
778, 1908; ~ prijateli 1883; dvapati 354, 355, 1881, 2041; dva{ 957
dvor, svoj 1593
debel vepar 1391; debela matorica
1391; ~ ortoma 1143
devet 436; ~ du{i 1075; ~ reki 1984;
devedeset i devet umovi 357
devoj~e 1014
dedo 4, 52, 1244
− 156 −
Bone Veli~kovski
del, lavovski 994
delanka 1052
delo 980; dela 325, 363, 364, 1983
den 366, 367, 378, 637, 1108, 1202,
1335, 1349, 1487, 1686; eden ~ 449,
1648, 1890; izguben ~ 1711; kukov ~
1169; kus ~ 12; nov ~ 1343; prv ~
1274; sekoj ~ 1711; cel ~ 1433; crn ~
126; tri dena 1644; denes 368; deneska 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374,
375, 376, 1496, 1497; dene{na rabota 377; dewe 1348; dni 258; beli ~
2036; crni ~ 126, 2036; iljada ~ 449;
tri ~ 603, 1519, 1707
deset 436
dete 30, 114, 437, 675; drugo ~ 1916;
edno ~ 1916; kilavo ~ 1098, 1599;
deca 24, 379, 380, 381, 382, 503, 674,
761, 786, 1063, 1140, 1471, 1881,
1915, 1916, 1934, 2097
diva glava 167; ~ sviwa 316, 1028;
divi (lu|e) 405; ~ sviwi 559
dim 1298
dinamit 276
direk, eden 1814
dlaboko 918, 1936, 1999
dlaka 248 v. vlakno
doba, svoe 1676
dobar 359, 1781; ~ vladika 391; ~
zakon 532; ~ kow 1785; ~ ov~ar 393;
~ sosed 385; ~ ~ovek 392; dobra
èna 397; ~ zemja 386; ~ majka 388; ~
misla 492; ~ re~ 389; ~ ~orba 387;
dobri 1782; ~ esapi 390; ~ nameri
1462; ~ prijateli 390; ~ raboti
188; dobrina 93, 1174; dobriwe
1299; dobro 99, 163, 335, 395, 410,
682, 694, 823, 852, 888, 1023, 1043,
1071, 1344, 1436, 1670, 1795, 1891 v.
arno; ~ vino 399; ~ drvo 1254; ~ ime
394; ~ pamtewe 998; ~ utro 385, 396;
svoe ~ 1701; dobrodetel 398, 2049;
dobrodetelna èna 397
doblest 1899, 2049
doveka 1096
dodeka 400, 401
do`d 104, 242, 359, 883, 1153, 1476,
1478, 1565; majski do`dovi 1067
dojdeni, docna 1161
doktor 429, 519, 697, 781
dolg 1339 v. bor~; dol`nik 407, 822
v. bor~lija
dolga godina 12; ~ ìvea~ka 1069;
dolgi stapovi 317; dolgo 822, 1019,
1898
dolgokos(n)a èna 487
dom 694; svoj ~ 523, 1610; takov ~ 741;
doma 91, 347, 725, 777, 799, 840,
1089, 1092, 1353, 1421, 1509, 1576,
1696, 2074, 2093, 2097; doma{en
aramija 147; ~ izme}ar 2041; doma}in 196
dosta 448, 512, 520, 603, 1180, 1258
docna 824, 1330; docna ènidba 408;
~ dojdeni 1161
drag 1597; drago 834, 1640
dram, eden 450; sto ~ 1888; dramovi
159
drvo 195, 411, 412, 422, 482, 754, 780,
1162, 1253, 1818; dobro ~ 1254; edno
~ 1817; kakvo ~ 721; sekoe ~ 1405,
1406, 1698; staro ~ 1884, 1886; suvo
~ 1904; drva 409, 1060; drvja 410,
1012; kakvo drvce 722
drenki 623
driskalec 339
drug 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421,
422, 425, 453, 454, 455, 466, 467, 468,
493, 575, 859, 861, 953, 975, 1104,
1248, 1287, 1292, 2079, 2086; ~ kol
1375; ~ kow 458; ~ kraj 468; ~ um
424; druga vera 620; ~ planina
1918; ~ raka 463, 1561; ~ strana
1378; drugi 491, 642, 666, 832, 850,
866, 1407, 1593, 1663, 1664, 2010,
2011; ~ vremiwa 424; ~ jabolka 473;
~ lu|e 185; ~ obi~ai 424; drugo 426,
427, 466, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474,
2042; ~ vreme 424; ~ uvo 218, 1380
drugar 133; lo{ ~ 164; lo{i drugari
145; mnogu drugari 153
drugemu 423, 430, 2088
drugpat 1892
− 157 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
druìna, lo{a 316
duma, slatka 1788
dupka 547, 757, 1155, 1683, 1895; edna
~ 294; dupki 233
duh 178; bodar ~ 442; zdrav ~ 554
du{a 75, 275, 443, 445, 655, 955, 1012,
1323, 1396, 1764; mila ~ 444; devet
du{i 1075
du{man 647, 1503, 1605; du{mani
148, 314
\
|avol 109, 110, 133, 295, 446, 447, 488,
786, 1032, 1121, 1163, 1174, 1190,
1444, 1477, 1546, 1574, 1813, 2043,
2054, 2067; voden ~ 1440; gotov ~
1760; ìv ~ 1761 krsten ~ 1442;
|avolska lutina 1031
|ubre 1665
E
Evrein 110
evtin 1779
egumen 1718
eden 452, 453, 454, 455, 466, 467 468,
493, 1164, 1908; ~ budala 14; ~ vol
1373; ~ volk 448; ~ grad 170; ~ den
449, 1648, 1890; ~ direk 1814; ~
dram 450; ~ zbor 949, 1180; ~ izvor
1374; ~ jazik 451, 1607; ~ kamen 456,
1860; ~ kol 1375; ~ kow 458; ~ kraj
468; ~ mesec 974; ~ (na drug) 59; ~
orev 236, 349; ~ prijatel 794, 1502;
~ ulav 456; ~ umen 1503; ~ ~as 216,
457; ~ ~iflik 1502; ~ ~len 774; edna beqa 2012; ~ bolva 504, 1376; ~
gemija 217; ~ godina 974; ~ gre{ka
459; ~ guska 1956; ~ dupka 294; ~ iskra 1377; ~ koza 460; ~ lastovica
461, 1815; ~ lubenica 879; ~ mi{ka
356, 879; ~ ovca 1816; ~ para 345,
505, 1990; ~ planina 1918; ~ raka
206, 463, 506, 1561; ~ sve}a 1190; ~
strana 1378; ~ usta 462; edni 1663;
~ lu|e 185, 465, 1165; ~ pati 203;
edno 466, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474,
2042; ~ buni{te 351; ~ vrap~e 1488;
~ dete 1916; ~ drvo 1817; ~ zrno 507;
~ jabolko 473; ~ jajce 960; ~ mavawe
(mavnuvawe) 1379, 1818, 1819; ~ oko
1495; ~ pile 1820; ~ stado 448; ~ uvo
218, 1380; ~ cve}e 1821; edna{ 332,
355, 464, 830, 957, 1108, 1958; samo ~
1873; ednemu 430
E|uptin 771; ~ car 793
ezero 883, 1183
ekim 429
ekonomija 647, 648
emi{ (ovo{je) 1405
endek (jama) 62
ergenin 4
esap, ~ist 2055; dobri esapi 390
@
àba 476, 477; àbi 2023
àl 479, 748, 1085; àlost 449
àr 1962
`drebe 668, 1674; slabo ~ 1785
èd 1544; èden kow 478
èlba 1246
èlezo 274, 481, 482, 483, 705, 1132,
1639, 2060; vrelo ~ 1851; è{ko ~
480, 484; Judino ~ 1458; usviteno ~
792; èlezna vrata 90, 138, 1447,
1448, 1788; èlezni vrati 1077; ~
porti 138
èlka 571
èna 66, 486, 488, 602, 812, 912, 990,
1065, 1425, 1558, 1619, 1868; ~ rabotnica 1767; arna ~ 914, 1147; bez
~ 116, 1925; dobra ~ 397; dobrodetelna ~ 397; dolgokos(n)a ~ 487;
kratkouma (kusoumna) ~ 487; lo{a
~ 2107; mlada ~ 69; netepana ~ 485;
ubava ~ 914, 1149, 1992; ugodna ~
1992; umna ~ 1992; èni 489, 612,
1064; lo{i ~ 145; site ~ 804; tri ~
1956; docna ènidba 408; ènsko
490
− 158 −
Bone Veli~kovski
è{ko èlezo 480, 484
ìv 18, 370, 1318, 1981, 2008, 2044,
2059; ~ volk 1166; ~ |avol 1761;
ìvi 514, 569, 1134, 1136; ìvo
ku~e 1538; ìvot 204, 492, 493, 495,
507; kratok ~ 494; mil ~ 444; ubav ~
1606; dolga ìvea~ka 1069
ìvotni 240 v. ajvan(i)
ìto 496, 639, 685, 707, 1300
òl~ka 598
Z
zab 704, 982, 1426; zabi 1146, 1184,
1875, 1909, 1915, 1948
zabraneto ovo{je 528
zavisliv 149; ~ bogat 529; pusta zavist 1618
zad vrata 770, 1288; ~ grb 530
zaedni~ki kow 531; zaedno 1614
zaem 344
zajak 174, 570, 571, 1811, 1830, 2014;
zaja~ki u{i 1079
zakon 1309, 1351; dobar ~ 532; lo{ ~
386; mnogu ~ 1101; svoj ~ 1706; sekoj
~ 233; lo{i zakoni 1019; strogi ~
1019; zakonski 532
zakrpa, svoja 1739; zakrpeni be~vi
1920; ~ ruti{~a 1920; zakrpeno
ali{te 1921
zalak, vtor 729; pogolem ~ 1526; prv
~ 729; sladok ~ 729
zaludo 533
zaquben, ludo 1332
zamena 1957
zanaet 297, 534, 536, 538; zlaten ~
535; ist ~ 353; mnogu zanaeti 839;
zanaet~ija 537
zarar (gubitok) 1978
zatvor 1362; zatvorena usta 219
zatoa, svoe 1700
zafa}awe, sekoe 1699
za{to, sekoe 1700
zbor 2, 85, 137, 220, 542, 543, 547, 548,
549, 550, 665, 703, 709, 765, 1380,
1505, 1555, 1752, 2065; aren ~ 90;
blag ~ 138; eden ~ 949, 1180; lo{ ~
1017, 1427, 1495; pogolem ~ 1526;
zborovi 363, 364, 481, 545, 546, 646,
1381, 1382, 1822, 1823, 1874; iljada
~ 949; lo{i ~ 752; qubezni ~ 1038;
ubavi ~ 1846; zboruvawe 261, 544
zdiv, maj~in i tatkov 553
zdrav 129; ~ duh 554; zdrava stomna
1108; zdravi 1167; ~ jabolka 2099; ~
orevi 236; zdravje 492, 555, 556,
557, 558, 1525, 1677, 1795, 2056; bez
~ 117; polovina ~ 2057; zdravo telo
554
zelena glava 166; ~ treva 561, 1282
zelje 841
zemja 410, 495, 497, 562, 639, 984, 1275,
1401, 1581, 1930; vla`na ~ 1153;
dale~na ~ 1562; dobra ~ 386; kup ~
432; na ~ 1789; svoja ~ 1334; crna ~
2035; zemjeno grne 563
zer (otrov) 1208
zet 1566
zijan 1979
zima 1478, 1556; zime 1008; zimoska
1009
zimbil 1824
zla kopa~ka 576; sekakvi ~ 1870; zlo
163, 404, 1043, 1329, 1719; ~ ku~e
575; sekoe ~ 1194, 1701; zol trn 576
zlaten legen 583; ~ zanaet 535; zlatna vrata 1788; zlato 544, 572, 573,
574, 1061, 1072, 1122, 1233, 1693
zlota 1688
zmija 16, 577, 578, 792, 828, 947, 1018,
1475, 1508, 2000, 2072; luta ~ 137;
zmii 540, 705, 1850; zmiul~e 669
znaewe 579, 580, 582; pove}e ~ 2090;
sekoe ~ 1702; znalec 1732
zob 183
zort 1383
zrela kru{a 585; zreli kru{i 559
zrno 586, 634; ~ p~enica 507; edno ~
507
zulum 587, 588
Y
Yvezda 506; ugasnata yvezda 1197
− 159 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
yver 1029
yvonec 1074, 1152, 1235; svoj ~ 589
yid 590, 591, 593, 594; yidovi 592, 604
I
igla 640, 939,1825; igleni u{i 1553
izbira~ 641; malkumina izbrani
1116
izvor, eden 1374
izgled 643
izguben den 1711; izgubeno vreme
645
izlez 227
izme}ar 1164; doma{en ~ 2041; arni
izme}ari 1359; izme}arlak 1371
izobilstvo 646
iljada 466; ~ dni 449; ~ zborovi 949
ime 200, 1147; dobro ~ 394; lo{o ~
1495, 1513; ~esno ~ 1504
imot 1100, 1969; tu| ~ 1006
inaet 127, 662, 663, 664; inaet~ija
665, 1135
inka 1826
insan (lu|e) 327
iskra 1384; edna ~ 1377; mala ~ 1394
iskustvo 667
ist rod 1614; ~ zanaet 353; ista pazuva 356; isti 804, 1596; istovremeno 1859
itar 564, 605, 669, 1430, 1895, 2054;
itra lisica 608, 688; itri 440, 670;
itrina 649, 1918
i{tav (apetit) 671
J
jabolko, edno 473; skapano ~ 473;
jabolka 567; drugi ~ 473; zdravi ~
2099; oka ~ 1652; pocrveni ~ 2099;
{uplivi ~ 2099, 2100
jagne 361, 908; ~ pe~eno 53, 1517; jagniwa 251
jagodi, faleni 1188, 1209
jagula 111, 2018, 2020
jagurida 418, 1809, 1915
jadewe 80, 671, 677, 1063, 1385, 1544
jaè 2, 222, 1579, 1808; gnilo ~ 1230
jazik 2, 135, 221, 472, 681, 682, 686,
687, 704, 1114, 1124, 1505, 1787,
2045, 2105; eden ~ 451, 1607; lo{ ~
1398; mek ~ 1080; kolku jazici 962
jazol 680
jajce 921, 2060; vareno ~ 53; edno ~
960; tvoe ~ 1518; jajca 419, 1165,
1285, 1296, 1926; beli ~ 2034; dve ~
1168; pogolemi ~ 1168, 1972; takvi
~ 718; crveni ~ 618
jaka grba 71
jalova krava 1386
jama 62, 201, 1223
jangan (ogin) 1763
jare 764
jarem 256, 298, 1235, 1865
jasika, visoka 606, 607
jasli 1295
ja~ina 1533
jorgan 1612
Judino èlezo (pari) 1458
junak 2003; aren ~ 91
K
kavga 689, 1385, 1517; bez ~ 1324
kadelka 26
kaewe 695, 1486
kazna, takva 739
kako 1582; ~ do{lo 726, 735; ~ drobil 736
kakov 701, 1229; ~ at 745; ~ grev 739;
~ kral 740; ~ pretsedatel 742; ~
stopan 743; ~ tatko 744, 746; ~ um
741; kakva loza 716; ~ majka 717; ~
ptica 718; ~ rabota 719; ~ re~ 720;
kakvi 700; kakvo 723; ~ drvo 721; ~
drvce 722; ~ pra{awe 724
kakol 1300
kal 747, 844, 923, 1469, 1470
kalem 2047
kalu|er 748, 749, 1185, 1561; sekoj ~
1718; kalu|eri 145
kamara 1243
− 160 −
Bone Veli~kovski
kambanarija 789
kamen 1, 14, 47, 68, 175, 241, 348, 402,
482, 543, 586, 750, 751, 757, 1311,
1329, 2069; eden ~ 456, 1860; sekoj ~
1717; dva kamena 350; kamewa 752,
844, 923, 1151, 1162, 1243, 1874; luti ~ 350; ostri ~ 350; tvoi ~ 1843;
kamewe 158; svoi ~ 1667; malo
kam~e 609; male~ki kam~iwa 590
kamila 11, 194, 470, 753, 1553, 1631;
kamilar 470; kamilxija 7
kanaet 534
kandilo 581, 1174
kantar 1633
kapa 1179, 1231, 1381, 2005
kapak 1267
kapidani, mnogu 217
kapka 755, 756, 757, 1066
karavan 993
kara~ka 2077; karanica 1307
kasapnica 1464
kasmet 1649 v. k'smed
kasnat 828
kat 1753
kataden 1890; ~ gost 759; ~ Veligden
758
katolik, pogolem 1268
katran 988
kafe, crno 760
ka{lica 1040, 1048, 1768
kva~ki 358
kese 197, 577, 916, 1600 v. }ese
kilavo dete 1098, 1599
kiramit~ija 104
kiraxija 427
kisel grozd 759, 1294; kiselina 428,
1376; badijala ~ 97; kiselo grozje
1909; ~ vince 768
kla{enik 1476
kletva 553
klin 769 v. ~ivija; klinec 831
klu~ 572, 1133; klu~ovi 1346
knez 2025; knezovi 1257
kniga 278, 1238
kno~ko (tenko) 762
kobila 1674
kova~ 1713, 1828; kovawe 1828
koà 79, 608, 1594; ov~a ~ 243; svinska ~ 1403; dve koì 1373
koza 764, 807, 929, 1679; edna ~ 460;
krastava ~ 460; luda ~ 1024
koko{ka 802, 921, 960, 1168, 1258,
1519, 1926; gladna ~ 283; kom{iska
~ 972; pe~ena ~ 518, 1497; pogolema
~ 1971; tu|a ~ 1971, 1972; }orava ~
634; crna ~ 2034; koko{ki 64, 800,
1010, 1011; pe~eni ~ 1141; tu|o kokov~e 1518
kol, drug 1375; eden ~ 1375
kola 609, 1210, 1437, 1830; najdobra ~
615
kolak 338; kola~e 930
koleno 1249; treto ~ 1314; kolena
365, 1183
kolk 1002
kolku 967, 968; ~ glavi 961; ~ jazici
962; ~ lu|e 961; ~ postar 964; ~
poumen 966; ~ pove}e 963
kolnati usti 1107
kolce 988, 1982
komad, tu| 2073
komarec 520, 1390
komiwe 556
kom{ija 9, 26, 292, 310, 971, 989, 1168
v. sosed; bez ~ 1251; kom{ii 1089;
kom{iska koko{ka 972
kon sebe 1741
kondura 1716
konci 956
kow 1053, 1282, 1363, 1631, 183, 2102,
272, 333, 365, 486, 508, 791, 831, 873,
973, 974; aren ~ 92; arizan ~ 1146;
bel ~ 1149; gladen ~ 280; dobar ~
1785; drug ~ 458; eden ~ 458; èden
~ 478; zaedni~ki ~ 531; neskrotliv
~ 513; pcovisan ~ 2029; podaren ~
1146; poklonet ~ 1184; potkovan ~
531; slep ~ 1423; tu| ~ 1849, 2075;
{ugav ~ 458
kopan 1082
kopan~e 773
kopa~ka, zla 576
kopriva 182
koprina 1966
− 161 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
korabi, golemi 307
korem, (mev) gol 2030
koren 987, 1870
korito 1666
korki, suvi 281
kosa 402, 976; mnogu ~ 1103
koska 575; koski 686, 1080, 1161, 1874
kotel, bakaren 563; kotle 1453
ko~ani 285, 415
ko{ 1467; ko{ovi 1822; ko{ara 319;
golema ko{nica 1188; prazni
ko{nici 1209
ko{ula 1367, 1609; bez ~ 444, 839
krava 180, 977, 2083; jalova ~ 1386;
sekoja ~ 1740; crna ~ 638, 2033
kradec 464, 1937; kradena voda 978;
kradeno grozje 979; kradewe 1771
kraj 301, 475, 617, 956, 980, 1595; drug
~ 468; eden ~ 468
kral 2025; kakov ~ 740; kralevi 1120
krap~e 435, 2021
krasta 1126, 2017; krastav 1681;
krastava koza 460; krastavo prase
1391
krastavici 41, 1283, 1466, 1479
kratkoum(n)a èna 487
kratok ìvot 494
Kra~un 1479
krv 583, 981
krevet 8
kreditor, bezboèn 625
krznar 608
kriv 858, 1585, 2086; ~ ~ovek 847, 983;
~ oxak 27; krivo 1511; ~ lice 70; ~
magare 333
krilja 155, 1271
krotok 669; krotki 984, 1358; krotko
srce 656
krpe` 1430; krpeni ali{ta 985
krst 110; svoj ~ 1709, 1728; krsten
|avol 1442; krstena voda 446
kru{a 910, 987, 1754; zrela ~ 585;
zreli kru{i 559; ubavi ~ 1996
kr~mar, bez 1796
k'saj (zalak) 1526
k'smed (k'smet) 100, 1888, 1198, 2086;
nov ~ 1343
kukov den (kukovo leto) 1169
kum 779, 1138; kuma 403
kup zemja 432
kurtula~ka 2001
kus 14; ~ den 12; kusa noga 995; kusi
noze 1170
kusoumna èna 487
kusur, bez 812; svetski kusuri 291
ku}a 9, 222, 310, 381, 431, 799, 867,
989, 990, 991, 1251, 1616, 1814, 1860,
1925, 1926, 1931; bez ~ 116; prazna ~
826; svoja ~ 1404, 1578, 1668, 1723;
ku}i 1307, 1620
kuc 858
ku~e 297, 383, 509, 992, 1160, 1317,
1635, 1831; ìvo ~ 1538; zlo ~ 575;
popareno ~ 1565; sekoe ~ 1696,
1703; staro ~ 1885; ku~iwa 17, 760,
993, 1319, 2013; bez ~ 1225, 1755;
gladni ~ 1812; slepi ~ 176 (kutriwa), 1551; brza ku~ka 176, 1551
L
lav, mrtov 1538; lavovski del 994
laga 995, 996, 1084, 1170; lagi 1090;
la`liv pop 999; la`ni proroci
1441; la`go 997, 998, 1000
laìca 1743, 1751, 1832
lajno 881
lakom 1317; golema lakomija 302
lakot brada 1463
lakrdija, blaga 138; slatka ~ 1501;
trista lakrdii 1959
lansko ogni{te 1171
lastovica, edna 461, 1815
lafovi, lo{i 1501
leb 68, 931, 1001, 1496, 1496, 1497,
1501, 1509, 1783, 1784, 2061; bez ~
124, 1471, 1489; suv ~ 1517, 1902,
1903; 'ràn lebec 1641
lebedi 1774
legen, zlaten 583
ledina 298
− 162 −
Bone Veli~kovski
lek 434, 499, 509, 521, 1194, 1196,
1203, 1301, 1611, 1737; lut ~ 1175;
najdobar ~ 1900; lekar 429, 1004,
1167
lele, tu|o 524
lelejka (lulka) 2101
lenost (mrzlivost) 1005
lepe{ka 881, 1228, 1856
lesen tovar 1917; ~ um 1923; lesno
1006, 1007, 1022, 1025, 1446, 160,
1851, 1985, 206, 21, 445, 909
lete 1008; leto 806, 1478, 1815, 1821;
kukovo ~ 1169; letoska 1009
le{nika, dva 349
lik 1320
lira 871, 1399
lisica 1010, 1011; itra ~ 608, 688;
najkrotka ~ 800
lisje 401, 1012; list 1904; murenkov
~ 1966
lice 193, 463, 479, 886, 1013, 1014,
1139, 1172, 2053, 2085; krivo ~ 70;
ubavo ~ 1995; crno ~ 1189; ~isto ~
1211; li~en 38; li~na moma 1015; ~
nevesta 2084; li~ota 1015
lov 1840
loza, kakva 716; lozje 784, 1894; lozja
1224
lo{ 832, 1139; ~ drugar 164; ~ zakon
386; ~ zbor 1017, 1427, 1495; ~ jazik
1398; ~ mutav 92; ~ orev 236; ~ sin
1173; ~ ~ovek 56, 157, 847, 1018,
1174; lo{a druìna 316; ~ èna
2107; ~ pqaga 1017; ~ ptica 1016; ~
rana 1017; ~ re~ 389; ~ sre}a 150; ~
~elad 1636; lo{i argati 1224; ~
vesti 1020; ~ gospodari 1359; ~
drugari 145; ~ èni 145; ~ zakoni
1019; ~ zborovi 752; ~ lafovi 1501;
~ plodovi 1254; ~ popovi 1224; ~
prijateli 148; lo{o 94, 186, 348,
505, 651, 682, 824, 847, 850, 851, 852,
884, 1021, 1022, 1023, 1121, 1124,
1191, 1392, 1436, 1657, 1834; ~ vreme
1232; ~ ime 1495, 1513; ~ mesto 705;
mnogu ~ 1104; lo{otija 1326; nied-
na ~ 1326; lo{otii 1005; mnogu ~
1129; site ~ 1128
lubenica, edna 879; dve lubenici
356, 879
lud 130; ~ gaz 1024; luda koza 1024;
ludi 406, 1144, 1178; ~ mladi 142;
ludo srce 1995; ~ zaquben 1332; ludost 2011
lu|e 158, 327, 447, 588, 657, 1025,
1026, 1027, 1118, 1162, 1232, 1388,
1692 v. insan; bez ~ 1661; drugi ~
185; edni ~ 185, 465, 1165; kolku ~
961; mnozina ~ 1111, 1112; site ~
1773; tolku ~ 962; tu|i ~ 1079
luzna 622
lukav 220
lupe{ki (lu{pi) 419
lut 1028, 1029, 1393; ~ lek 1175; ~
~ovek 1030, 1036; luta zmija 137; ~
rana 1175; luti kamena 350; lutina
223, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1987,
2077; |avolska ~ 1031; luto 1037
Q
qubezni zborovi 1038
qubewe 260; qubov, 224, 509, 796,
1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1048,
1049, 1050, 1324, 1839 v. sevda;
bratska ~ 2055; prva ~ 1591; silna
~ 1045; slepa ~ 1046, 1047;
sovr{ena ~ 1852; stara ~ 1877,
1878; ubava ~ 1047
qubomora 1051
M
mavawe (mavnuvawe), edno 1379,
1818, 1819
magare 5, 33, 132, 199, 300, 334, 663,
727, 797, 817, 818, 1053, 1054, 1055,
1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061,
1062, 1176, 1238, 1255, 1282, 1295,
1363, 1633, 1647, 1678, 1910, 1927;
gotovo ~ 1293; krivo ~ 333;
pe~aleno ~ 1466; sekoe ~ 1704; ma-
− 163 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
garec 1390; magarica 1239; stara ~
1876; magariwa 18, 96, 511, 1118
magla 564, 1975
ma` 490, 1065; svoj ~ 397; maì 489,
1063; umni ~ 1064
maznik (zelnik), tu| 2073; ozgora
mazno 1425
majka 437, 648, 654, 748, 783, 1005,
1480, 1964; Beganova ~ 106; dobra ~
388; kakva ~ 717; Stojanova ~ 106;
maj~in zdiv 553; maj~ino mleko 76
majska rosa 1066; majski do`dovi
1067
majstor 431, 807, 1274, 1627, 1778,
1945; majstorska tesla 431
maka 414, 738, 1068, 1086, 1115, 1155,
1177, 1726, 1963; bez ~ 118, 121; sekoja ~ 2001; ve~na ~ 459, 1033;
trista maki 588
mal 2041; mala iskra 1394; ~
ve~eri~ka 1069; male~ki kam~iwa
590; mali prikazni 1070; malku
853, 941, 1071, 1520, 1607, 2075; bez
~ 894; ~ voda 1211; ~ ostanalo 1105;
~ pamet 1103; ~ pravda 1101; malo
kam~e 609; malkumina izbrani
1116; malcina 1109, 1111, 1113
manxa 1073; tu|a ~ 238; }elepur ~
1414; mnogu manxi 1501
Mara 679
marifet 1234
mart 1093
maska 180, 476, 502
maslinki 566; maslo 209, 581, 1208,
1281, 1646, 1833, 1848; mast 771,
1823
matenica 1751 v. ma{tenica
matna voda 280, 478; matno 225, 1216
matorica, debela 1391
ma~ka 294, 323, 469, 498, 610, 710, 777,
1074, 1075, 1250, 2104; bela ~ 1695;
niedna ~ 1327; crna ~ 1695; ma~ki
40, 1498, 1548; ma~or 426, 612;
ma~orok 611
ma~na rabota 749; ma~no 206, 956,
1022, 1464, 1615; ~ mesto 705
ma{a 22, 612, 1266
ma{tenica 901, 1564 v. matenica
meana 1076, 1453
mev 1403, 2030; moj ~ 525
med 13, 46, 54, 97, 221, 428, 662, 728,
803, 827, 916, 1038, 1042, 1154, 1208,
1591, 1745, 1805, 1809, 1848, 1935,
1941; medena usta 1077
mek jazik 1080; meki posteli 1081
mene 423, 571, 731, 862; protiv ~ 862
mera 875, 1317, 1861; bez ~ 119, 120
merdivan (skala) 493, 1663
merka 522, 1827
mesec, eden 974; mese~ina 30
meso 146; oka ~ 1270
mesto 1717; lo{o ~ 705; ma~no ~ 705
metla, nova 1344
me~ 1114; me~evi 1980
me~ka 72, 784, 1088, 1089, 1125, 1370,
1594, 2065; gladna ~ 282; me~ki 623
me{e 2080
mil 561; ~ vek 1357; ~ ìvot 444;
mila du{a 444; milo 1195; milosrdie 1091, 1092; milost 397, 450;
milostina 342, 344, 936, 937; milostiv 1157
minare 790
mir 1517; mirni 406; mirno selo 179,
271
miraz, bez 2084
misirka, na{a 1971
misla 1988, 2085; dobra ~ 492
mi{ka (pazuva), edna 356, 879
mlad 892, 1516, 1800; mlada èna 69;
ludi mladi 142; mlado 412; mladost 34, 541, 860, 896, 942, 951, 1094,
1095, 1096, 1625
mleko 902, 977, 1564; maj~ino ~ 76;
belo ~ 597, 638, 2033; mnogu ~ 86,
2083
mnogu 579, 821, 835, 856, 857, 878, 894,
941, 1102, 1389, 1412, 1520, 1587,
2075; ~ arno 1097; ~ babi 761, 1098,
1599; ~ brgu 936, ~ vrap~iwa 854; ~
vreva 1099; ~ grevovi 1091; ~ dadeno 1100; ~ daleku 1052; ~ drugari
− 164 −
Bone Veli~kovski
153; ~ zakon 1101; ~ zanaeti 839; ~
kapidani 217; ~ kosa 1103; ~ lo{o
1104; ~ lo{otii 1129; ~ manxi
1501; ~ mleko 86, 2083; ~ pari 1929;
~ pati 1106; ~ pati{ta 1437; ~ piper 841; ~ pominalo 1105; ~ praznici 825; ~ prijateli 794; ~ raboti
833, 854; ~ race 1107; ~ srebro
1504; ~ stoka 492; ~ usti 1107; ~ pati 1108; mnozina 1027, 1109, 1113,
1114, 1115, 1117, 1118, 1119, 1120; ~
lu|e 1111, 1112; ~ povikani 1116; ~
prijateli 1110
molitva 714, 1032, 1562
mol~ewe 261, 544, 1072, 1122, 1123,
1304
moma 4; li~na ~ 1015; momi~ka 783,
935; mom~e 935
more 301, 893, 947, 1183, 1543, 1642,
1643, 1751, 1775, 1891, 1957
most 58, 175, 613, 663, 702, 1266, 1546,
1574
motika 708, 714; neklepana ~ 485;
sekoja ~ 1741
mrava 1125; mravi 1088
mraz 340
mrazewe 260
mreà 1221
mrza 1126, 1127, 1395, 1396, 1434,
1554, 1626, 1903; pusta ~ 277;
mrzliv 1003, 1130, 1131, 1991;
mrzlivost 1128, 1129, 1132, 1133
mrsulav 61; mrsulko 2095
mrtov lav 1538; mrtovec 1660, 1661;
mrtvi 1134, 1135, 1136
mr{a 445
muva 728, 881, 1143, 1433, 1586; muvi
54, 137, 219, 706, 1548, 1793
mudar 154, 293; mudri 540, 1144, 1178,
1998; Mudriot Solomon 397; mudrost 1533, 2011; pogolema ~ 1304
muzika 1633; voena ~ 1055
murenkov list 1966
musta}i 611, 612
mutav, lo{ 92
N
navedena glava 1213
nave~er 457
navika 1214
nagrada 398, 2049; svoja ~ 1735
nadve 1808; nadve-natri 1356
nadvor 2097
nade` 100, 514, 901, 907, 1215, 1439;
odloùvana ~ 1424
nazad 543, 645, 665
najaren pliva~ 614, 1106; najarna
hrana 1001
najblago 905
najgolema sila 286; najgolemo bogatstvo 555, 557
najdobar lek 1900; ~ strelec 616; ~
u~itel 667; najdobra kola 615; najdobro 526, 1216, 2087
najkratok pat 1353
najkrotka lisica 800
najlesno 699
najlo{ 1781; najlo{o 2107; ~ potkovan kow 531
najmnogu 800
najneumen 1219
najniska ograda 699
najodzadi 905
najpotrebno 782
najprvin 1217, 1578, 2087
najsilen 1218; najsilno 1588
najsiromav 23
najslatko 528
najubav 523; najubava roza 617; najubavo 675
najumen 1219
nakiten pen 624
nakovalna 1078
nameri, dobri 1462
napravo 27
naprazno 497, 1221
nara~ano 1481
narod 288, 1224, 1563; takov ~ 740,
742; narodi 1223
nasmevka, bez 1711
nauka 738; nema ~ 118
Naum, Sveti 676
nautro 457
− 165 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
nau~en 1338
na~in 691
nebesi 1789; nebo 1141, 1263, 1401,
1824, 1957
nevesta 931, 1566; bezrizi~na ~ 2084;
li~na ~ 2084
nevikan gostin 1288
nevnimatelno 845
nevozmo`ni ne{ta 1957
nevolja 226, 227, 574, 584, 1308, 1309,
1310, 1311, 1312, 1397
nevreme 815
negledani o~i 1289
nedela 1683
nedoven~ani (zet i nevesta) 1566
neènet 641
nezrelo 418
neispitani sudbi 1905
nekanet 568; ~ gost(in) 1293, 1294,
1295, 1296
neklepana motika 485
nekoga{ 1598; poarno ~ 1510
nekogo 49, 50, 51; nekoj 42, 68, 1329
nema{tina 1307
nemi 306
nepravda 859; nepravedno spe~aleno
1314; nepravina 1511
nepravewe 1834
neprijatel 1431; neprijateli 314,
1420
neprijatnost 1306, 1482
nerazbran 512; stari nerazbrani 144
neroden Petko 1178
nesewe (jajca) 802
neskrotliv kow 513
nesre}a 652, 1888; niedna ~ 1328
netepana èna 485
netreben bunar 1315
neu~en 2044
ne~ista voda 621
ne~ovek 134
ne{to 545, 1003, 1316, 1534, 1731,
2068, 2107; poarno ~ 1512; dve
ne{ta 1371; nevozmo`ni ~ 1957;
tri ~ 1957
nivje 1224, 1244
nivni raboti 1983; ~ race 1983
nigde (nikade) 20, 725, 1576
nieden 452; ~ samarxija 18; ~ sluga
1331; niedna lo{otija 1326; ~
ma~ka 1327; ~ nesre}a 1328; ~ rabota 833, 854; niedno vrap~e 854
niz nos 632
nikako 1615
nikoga{ 933, 1330, 1783, 1874;
otkolku ~ 1510
nikogo 505; nikoj 384, 999, 1149,
1199, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335,
1336, 1337, 1338, 1547, 1689, 1727,
1765; nikoja reka 1339
niski odai 317; nisko 816
nitu eden (prijatel) 794
ni{to 34, 112, 867, 877, 1099, 1277,
1316, 1340, 1341, 1418, 1529, 1534,
1554, 1834, 1949; ~ novo 1302
nov bunar 1342, 1422; ~ den 1343; ~
k'smed 1343; ~ obra~ 1886; ~ sram
1879; nova metla 1344; novi pati{ta 413, 1345; ~ prijateli 1883;
novo grne 1986; ~ sito 1346, 1347;
ni{to ~ 1302
noga 476, 982, 1223, 1505; kusa ~ 995;
sekoja ~ 1736; noze 191, 610, 876,
968, 1276, 1429, 1612, 1622, 1624,
1962; kusi ~ 1170
no` 808, 1398, 1436, 1555
nos 72, 299, 336, 819, 1952 niz ~ 632
nosilo 2101
no} 366, 384, 1202, 1335, 1349, 1349;
no}e 1348; no}na rabota 1686
nu`da 1351, 1601, 1602, 1604; golema
~ 1368
nunko 1060
O
obesen 222; obeseno sito 1346
obikolen pat 1353
obi~aj 231; drugi obi~ai 424
obleka 1354
obraz, bel 1974
obrazovanie 1355
− 166 −
Bone Veli~kovski
obra~, nov 1886
oven 361; tu| ~ 589
ovoj svet 1525; ~ vek 560, 1356, 1357
ovo{je, zabraneto 528; sekoja
ovo{ka 1742
ovca 55, 250, 908, 929, 932, 1659; arna
~ 86; edna ~ 1816; cela ~ 1365; crna
~ 232; ovci 246, 253, 330, 393, 420,
1358, 1493, 1812; ov~a koà 243;
ov~ar 679; dobar ~ 393; ov~ki stada
564
ogin 22, 360, 573, 574, 763, 767, 1033,
1171, 1281, 1359, 1360, 1361, 1602,
1642, 1763, 1833, 1835, 2107; bez ~
1298; golem ~ 1377, 1394; dva ogna
1694
oglamnik 2
ogledalo 70, 1855
ogni{te 625, 1142; lansko ~ 1171
ograda 1859; najniska ~ 699
odai, niski 317
odgovor 724
odedna{ 323
odewe 1461, 1613
odzadi 180, 221
odobruvawe 1123
odo{to 1514, 1515, 1516, 1518, 1539,
1540, 1541, 1544, 1555
ozgora mazno - ozdola azno 1425
oka altani 450; ~ jabolka 1652; ~
meso 1270; sto ~ 1888; oki 159
oko 664, 1186, 1426, 1427; edno ~ 1495;
okato pole 1549
okolnosti 1246
oltar 789 v. altar
olxica (laìca) 1743
omjaz (lice) 886
onoj vek 1356
opa{ka 16, 37, 296, 488, 935, 1166,
1493, 1498, 1754, 2018; bez ~ 1327
opinok 1716; pokonduren ~ 315;
opinci 1429
opsekliv (hrabar) pes 1431
opul 783
orawe 1259
orev, eden 236, 349; lo{ ~ 236; orevi
1806; zdravi ~ 236; sto ~ 236
orel 208, 571; orli 698
oriz 1082, 1823; bel ~ 2032
oro 282, 345, 777, 1297, 1449
ortoma 77, 222, 468; gnila ~ 1230;
debela ~ 1143
osven 1610
oska 988, 1220
oskomina 418, 425, 1909
osten 107, 1865
ostro (na no`) 1436; ostri kamewa
350
otvoreni o~i 67
otkolku 1517, 1519, 1525, 1532, 1533,
1535, 1536, 1537, 1538, 1543, 1552,
1553; ~ nepravo 1511; ~ ni{to 1512;
~ nikoga{ 1510
otrov 1208; otruva~ka 221, 1438
otspredi 180
ocet 13
o~i 36, 255, 273, 346, 561, 593, 594,
642, 732, 918, 1432, 1439, 1440, 1473,
1522, 1531, 1541, 1637, 1832, 1992,
2038, 2108; gladni ~ 284; dve ~ 451;
negledani ~ 1289; otvoreni ~ 67;
poarno ~ 1513; pove}e ~ 1542; pred
~ 1221; sokolovi ~ 1079; tvoi ~ 642,
1506
oxak 320; kriv ~ 27
P
pa|awe 309
pazar 997; cel ~ 1956
pazuva 986, 2072; ista ~ 356
pajaìno vlakno 1143
pakost 1035, 1444
palata 586
palica, tvoja 1844
pamet 1137; malku ~ 1103; pameten
1180; sto pametni 14; dobro pamtewe 998
papa 1268
papok 1962
para 23, 89, 673, 674, 865, 871, 1181,
1445, 1447, 1448, 1959; bela ~ 126;
edna ~ 345, 505, 1990; trkalezna ~
1446; pari 20, 169, 266, 429, 443,
− 167 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
517, 536, 558, 602, 636, 653, 659, 660,
661, 677, 738, 874, 916, 938, 1109,
1113, 1430, 1449, 1450, 1451, 1452,
1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458,
1459, 1460, 1468, 1473, 1677, 1991;
bez ~ 13, 122, 1456, 2058; beli ~ 126;
dve ~ 345, 1318; mnogu ~ 1929
parea 372
pastrma 17, 245
pat 1461, 1462, 1505, 1613, 1753;
dale~en ~ 44; najkratok ~ 1353; obikolen ~ 1353; takov ~ 745;
~ove~ki ~ 259; mnogu pati{ta
1437; novi ~ 413, 1345
patlixan 299
peda 31; ~ ~ovek 1463
pekmez 1809
pekol 122, 1462, 1931
pelin 1042, 1208, 1848
pen 1052; nakiten (promenet, ubav) ~
624
pepel 625, 1384
pes 48, 226, 673, 1177, 1182, 1464,
1548, 1608; besen ~ 1976; opsekliv
~ 1431
pesna 121, 1465; pesni 35, 991
pesok 752
petel 57, 1519, 1620, 1926; sekoj ~
1721; dva petla 351; petli 626,
1165; bez ~ 595; na{i ~ 618; sekoe
petle 1705
Petko, neroden 1179
petla~iwa 1399
petlici 807
petok 1672
pe~aleno magare 1466
pe~ena koko{ka 518, 1497; pe~eni
koko{ki 1141; ~ piliwa 1263;
pe~eno 1236; ~ jagne 53
piewe 677, 1385, 1468, 1544; pijan
105, 295, 635, 1085, 1093, 1183, 1393,
1467, 1468, 1469, 1470, 1912, 2110; ~
pop 1566; pijanica 342, 986, 1076,
1471, 1616, 1617; pijanstvo 1472;
prokleto ~ 139
pijavica 161
pilav 1823
pile 696, 788; rano ~ 1638, 1820;
pe~eni piliwa 1263; pilci 358
piper 1154, 1473; mnogu ~ 841; crn ~
2032
pita~ 1131, 1949; brz ~ 672; pita~ka
torba 1474; pita~ki stap 801; pitalec 339
pitomi (lu|e) 405
pi{ano 1400, 1410, 2103
plamen 1384
planina 210, 316, 570, 2014; druga ~
1918; edna ~ 1918; sekoja ~ 1744;
planini 158; visoki ~ 207
plata 420, 421; svoja ~ 1968; takva ~
719; platen 843; pla}awe 1461,
1613
pla~ 2071; pla~ewe 262, 524
plevna 627, 644; prazna ~ 1187
ple}i 336, 1003; tu|i ~ 1917
pliva~, najaren 614, 1106
plitko 2076
plod 411, 422, 1698; takov ~ 721;
lo{i plodovi 1254
plot 594
plo~a 831; plo~i 1432
plugovi 1980
plunki 886
pqaga (rana) 547, 1398; lo{a ~ 1017;
pqagi 550
pqa~ka 710
poaren 1883; tolku ~ 966; poarno 19,
950, 996, 1164, 1316, 1427, 1489,
1490, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1495,
1496, 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500, 1501,
1502, 1503, 1504, 1505, 1506, 1507,
1508, 1509, 1514, 1515, 1516, 1517,
1518, 1519, 1542, 1882, 2102; ~ nekoga{ 1510; ~ nepravina 1511; ~
ne{to 1512; ~ o~i 1513
poblag 662, 1521, 2073; ~ ru~ek 1573;
poblaga ve~era 1837
poblisku 1522, 1523, 1598
pobrgu 26, 366, 1849; pobrz 174
pobudali 688
− 168 −
Bone Veli~kovski
pove}e 364, 887, 971, 1023, 1110, 1316,
1525, 1539, 1540, 1541, 1590, 1607,
2063; ~ bolki 2090; ~ godini 656,
2081; ~ znaewe 2090; ~ lu|e 1543,
1544; ~ o~i 1542; ~ pati 934; kolku
~ 963; tolku ~ 963
povikan 1733; mnozina povikani
1116
povisoko 237, 1559
povr{ina 209
poga~a 586; bela ~ 2037; beli poga~i
2035
pogluv 1303
pogolem glad 228; ~ zalak 1526; ~
zbor 1526; ~ katolik 1268; pogolema koko{ka 1971; ~ mudrost 1304;
pogolemi jajca 1168, 1972
pogorko 1417
pogre{ki 1041
pod raka 1907; ~ sonce 1302
podaleku 389, 563, 882, 1522, 1523,
1531, 1598
podaren kow 1146
podobar 1532; podobra 1533; podobro 394, 1534, 1535, 1536, 1537,
1538, 1562
podopa{nica, crvena 1876
poàr 621
pozajmuva~ 407
pozlo 404
pojak 170, 2060, 2069; tolku ~ 964
poklonet kow 1184
poklupka 32, 1957; svoja ~ 1697
pokonduren opinok 315
pokriv 1624
pokrien gaz 1547; pokrieno mleko
1548
pokrov 968, 1187
pole, okato 1549
poleka 814, 1550, 1551
polesno 948, 1552, 1553
poli (skutovi) 237
polica 1620
polna torba 1189
polovina vistina 239; ~ zdravje
2057; ~ rabota 810, 1577; ~
ulav{tina 1034; ~ usta 1545
polo{ 165; polo{o 549, 651, 1021,
1392, 1554, 1555
pomala riba 304
pomilo 1404
pominalo, mnogu 1105
pomognat 170; pomo{ 163, 1323; bez ~
1605
ponekoga{ 1121, 1558
ponisko 1559
poopiten ~ovek 1244
poostro 687
pop 21, 179, 183, 338, 343, 519, 781,
1185, 1186, 1453, 1560, 1561, 1562,
1563, 1567, 1568, 1569, 1654, 1794,
2092; pijan ~ 1566; bez ~ 596; vrzan
~ 271; la`liv ~ 999; popova ku}a
1290; ~ }erka 1290; lo{i popovi
1224; popovo 1568; popuva~ka 1560;
popadija 1560
popara 1382; poparen 1564; popareno
ku~e 1565
popoleka 882
popradalnica, svoja 1668
porano 44
porta 7; pred ~ 1703, 1710; carska ~
87; èlezni porti 138
poseti, ~esti 759
poslab 2060
posladok 13; poslatka 97; poslatko
1408, 1417, 2073; ~ grozje 979
posle, 324, 345, 642, 830, 933, 1593,
1594, 2077; posleden 1537; posledni 1571
poslep 1305
postar 1244, 1943; kolku ~ 964; postaro utro 1572
postela 157, 429; meki posteli 1081
posti 1764
postojano 970, 1960
pot 1575, 1837; bez ~ 123; poten
ru~ek 1573
potkovan kow 531
potresija 191
potu~en 2073
potcenet 1714
poubavo 1404, 1576
poumen, kolku 966; poumno 2004
− 169 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
pocrveni jabolka 2099
po~esti, golemi 308
po~etok 1043, 1128, 1577; sekoj ~
1722
prav 965, 1579, 1585, 1750, 1776; ~
~ovek 847; malku pravda 1101; praveden 1438; pravedni 1581; pravednik 1580; pravina 692, 1583, 1584,
1590
pravo (ispraveno) 352, 628, 1199,
1589, 1765
prazen ambar 229; prazna 2078; ~
bo~va 1587; ~ vodenica 552; ~ glava
516; ~ ku}a 826; ~ plevna 1187; ~
torba 1508; ~ ~upka 1587; prazni
ko{nici 1209; ~ sadovi 1588;
prazno vre}i~e 1589
praznik 826, 1867; mnogu praznici
825
praksa, bez 579
prase 197, 515, 773, 805; krastavo ~
1391; tu|o ~ 2080; prasiwa 1778
pra{awe, kakvo 724; pra{uvawe
1836
prv 1537; ~ den 1274; ~ zalak 729;
prva qubov 1591; prvi 1571; ~
~ekori 1592; prvo 195, 324, 642,
793, 989, 1593, 1594
prde` 817
pred vreme 1277; ~ o~i 1221; ~ porta
1703, 1710; ~ svoja ku}a 1723
prekalen svetec 1597
prekor 1057
prekutrupa 1598
premlad car 1930
prepraveni svetci 143
presna rana 1024
pretsedatel, kakov 742
prefaleni jagodi 1188
prijatel 7, 46, 183, 1030, 1600, 1601,
1602, 1603, 1604, 1605, 1724, 2006;
blizu ~ 1514; eden ~ 794, 1502; star
~ 1883; dvajca prijateli 1883; dobri ~ 390; mnogu ~ 794; mnozina ~
1110; novi ~ 1883; stari ~ 413, 1345,
1880; sto ~ 1503; svoi ~ 1420; prijatelstvo 1606
prikazni, mali 1070
priroda 211, 1607; vtora ~ 1214
prle 727, 1239
prozorec 796
prokleti usti 1107; prokleto pijanstvo 139
prolet 461, 1815, 1820
promenet pen 624
promenliva sre}a 1871
propast 1798
prorok 1334, 1610, 1714; la`ni proroci 1441
prosjak 1189
proso 52, 283, 899
prostak 1943; prostotija 141
prosto (prostum, ispraveno)1589
prst 29, 434, 819, 889, 1247, 1621,
1916; prsti 1941
pr~ 629, 964
psaltir 254
ptica, kakva 718; lo{a ~ 1016; ptici
1614; site ~ 1221
puknato grne 1615
pusta zavist 1618; ~ mrza 277; ~ pustelija 1616; ~ rabota 1617
pu{ka 206, 486, 1619
pcovisan kow 2029
p~ela 221, 960; sekoja ~ 1745
p~enica 140, 1963; dale~na ~ 140;
zrno ~ 507
R
rabota 26, 37, 100, 438, 537, 786, 933,
1044, 1190, 1313, 1626, 1627, 1628,
1629; bez ~ 124, 1044; blagoslovena
~ 1628, 1630; brza ~ 1434; kakva ~
719; ma~na ~ 749; niedna ~ 833, 854;
no}na ~ 1686; polovina ~ 810, 1577;
pusta ~ 1617; svoja ~ 1733; sega{na
~ 1261; sekoja ~ 1577; raboti 1242,
1246; dobri ~ 188; mnogu ~ 833, 854;
nivni ~ 1983; tri ~ 2107; rabotewe
1063; rabotnica, èna 1767
− 170 −
Bone Veli~kovski
radosno srce 768; radost 449, 479,
1306, 1482, 1632, 1907
ra|awe 263, 503,
raèn 570, 2014
razbojnik 1937
razbran 520
razum 223, 224
raj 122, 914, 919, 1656, 1762, 1950,
1951
raka 22, 29, 111, 182, 290, 414, 680,
1488, 1621; ~ urda 506; druga ~ 463,
1561; edna ~ 206, 463, 506, 1561; pod
~ 1907; tu|a ~ 486; race 191, 1111;
blagosloveni ~ 1107; dve ~ 206,
462, 1561; mnogu ~ 1107; nivni ~
1983; obete ~ 463; studeni ~ 1901;
tu|i ~ 1850, 1851; crni ~ 2037
rakija 738
rana 547, 1398; lo{a ~ 1017; luta ~
1175; presna ~ 1024; te{ka ~ 1922;
rani 268, 550; stari ~ 1262
rani siraci 408; rano 891, 892, 950,
1947; ~ pile 1638
rasipnik sin 1200, 1212
raska 642
rasol 1093
rast 311
rastura~ 1137
ra~ka 328, 1265, 1832
'rbol 1682
'r|a 274, 482, 1132, 1639, 2017
rebra 2102
rezil 203, 659
reka 433, 883, 1094, 1466, 2015, 2016;
nikoja ~ 1339; reki 258, 756; devet
~ 1984; site ~ 1775
remen 1366; crven ~ 2030
retko 353
re~, arna 87; blaga ~ 138; dobra ~
389; kakva ~ 720; lo{a ~ 389;
slatka ~ 1788; te{ka ~ 1922;
re~eno 1236, 1401; tu|i re~ovi
1506 v. zborovi
re~ina (re{eto) 1671
re{enie 227
re{itelen ~ovek 1431
'r`, bli`na 140; tu|a ~ 1287; 'ràn
lebec 1641
riba 125, 498, 1284, 1642, 1643, 1644,
1645, 1646; golema ~ 303, 304, 305;
pomala ~ 304; ribi 439; golemi ~
215; rip~e 435, 2021; rip~iwa 610
rikawe 818, 1062
Rim 795, 1648; Rimjanin 795
rob 1402; robinka 66
rog 791, 964; volov ~ 214; rogovi 194,
753, 813, 895, 1433, 2045; rogat 1803
roguzina 968; vetva ~ 1763
rod 1813; ist ~ 1614; rodnini 660
roza, najubava 617
rosa, majska 1066; rosica 1933
'rt 174, 1840; vrzan ~ 1811; gladen ~
285
ruba 1650
ruvo 1651
ruga 420
ruda 668
runo volna 1652
ruti{~a (ali{ta) 1653; zakrpeni ~
1920
ru~ek, poblag 1573; poten ~ 1573
S
saat 1130, 2089; saati 258
sabja 680, 687, 1752; carska ~ 1213
sabota 1672
sadaka (milostina) 344
sadovi, prazni 1588
sakat 318
sam 897, 952, 953, 1004, 1557, 1620,
1655, 1928, 1973, 2074; ~ gospod
1654; ~ sebe 1000, 1036, 1863; sekoj
~ 1725, 1726; ~ ~ovek 1656
samar 33, 132, 300, 1255, 1678; samari
trista 658; samarxija 18
sapun 1896
svadba 300, 867, 1060, 1453, 1483,
1601, 1660, 1661
svesno 1989
svet 441, 1191, 1280, 1430, 1455, 1663;
ovoj ~ 1525; cel ~ 640, 911, 960;
svetski kusuri 291
− 171 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
svetec 391, 1172, 1190, 1662, 1867;
prekalen ~ 1597; svetci 630; prepraveni ~ 143
Sveti Naum 676
svetlina 1719
sve}a 804, 1201, 1444, 1664, 1867; edna
~ 1190; dve sve}i 1190
sviwa 613, 702, 1192, 1469, 1665, 1666,
1782; diva ~ 316, 1028; sviwi 103,
1286, 1996; divi ~ 559; svinska
koà 1403
svirka 1406, 1450; takvo svir~e 722
svoe 1720, 1838; ~ bogatstvo 1780; ~
buni{te 1705, 1721; ~ vreme 1669; ~
gnezdo 1016; ~ doba 1676; ~ dobro
1701; ~ zatoa 1700; ~ sedelo 1195; ~
sito 1746; ~ tele 1740; svoj adet
1706; ~ ar{in 1729; ~ dvor 1593; ~
dom 523, 1610; ~ zakon 1706; ~ yvonec 589; ~ krst 1709, 1728; ~ ma`
397; ~ tovar 1704, 1927; ~ trud 1735;
~ um 357, 928; ~ ~ovek 1838; svoja
vodenica 1708; ~ zakrpa 1739; ~
zemja 1334; ~ ku}a 1404, 1578, 1668;
~ nagrada 1735; ~ plata 1968; ~
poklupka 1697; ~ popradalnica
1668; ~ rabota 1733; ~ senka 1680; ~
sudbina 1713; ~ tatkovina 1610; ~
teìna 1744; svoi gre{ki 1144; ~
kamewe 1667; ~ prijateli 1420; ~
teìni 207
se' 1669, 1670, 1675, 1676, 1685, 1687,
1689, 1691, 1692, 1693, 1810, 1842,
1906, 1954, 2022, 2064, 2082
sebe, 291, 861, 958, 1127, 1619, 1667,
1715, 1781; kon ~ 1741; sebesi 154,
866, 926, 1039, 1217
sevda 1324 v. qubov
sega 365; sega{na rabota 1261
sedelo 802; svoe ~ 1195; sedelce 696
sedlo 511, 1176
seedno 999
sekade 20
sekakvi zla 1870
sekira 780, 1265, 1379, 1398
sekoga{ 128, 209, 251, 464, 1130, 1246,
1573, 1584, 1587, 2046
sekoj 58, 95, 259, 780, 801, 1204, 1266,
1329, 1709, 1710, 1713, 1714, 1715,
1716, 1719, 1720, 1723, 1724, 1727,
1728, 1729, 1731, 1733, 1734, 1735,
1786, 2026, 2101; ~ vodeni~ar 1708;
~ vrat 1235; ~ grad 231; ~ den 1711,
1712; ~ zakon 233; ~ kamen 1717; ~
kalu|er 1718; ~ petel 1721; ~
po~etok 1722; ~ sam 1725, 1726; ~
siromav 1730; ~ starec 1732; ~
~evel 1736; sekoe vrap~e 1195; ~
vreme 37; ~ grne 1267, 1697; ~ drvo
1405, 1406, 1698; ~ zafa}awe 1699;
~ za{to 1700; ~ zlo 1194, 1701; ~
znaewe 1702; ~ ~udo 1707; sekoja
bolest 1737; ~ bolka 1196; ~ vistina 1738; ~ vre}a 1739; ~ kapka 1066;
~ krava 1740; ~ maka 2001; ~ motika
1741; ~ noga 1736; ~ olxica
(laìca) 1743; ~ ovo{ka 1742;
~ planina 1744; ~ p~ela 1745; ~ rabota 1577; ~ usta 1743; ~ Ciganka
1746
sekojpat 89
sekomu 325, 1273
selo 279, 1225, 1290, 1490, 1537, 1747,
1748, 1755; mirno ~ 179, 271; sekoe
~ 231, 1706; selanka 1652
senka 25, 606, 913, 983, 1008, 1454,
2058; svoja ~ 1680
seno 96
sestra 1749; sestri 63
setne 989
se~ija strplivost 650; ~ vrata 1873
siva brada 167
sigurno 1550
sila 580, 649, 692, 1355, 1756, 1839,
1840, 1841; najgolema ~ 286; silen
2003; ~ ~ovek 1431; silna voda 175;
~ qubov 1045
sin 820, 1142, 1757, 1937; aren ~ 1173;
lo{ ~ 1173; rasipnik ~ 1200, 1212;
takov ~ 744, 746; sinovi 1909; sinovini sirotini 1914
− 172 −
Bone Veli~kovski
sinor 249
sinxir 1026
siraci, rani 408
sirewe 169, 677, 679
siromav 61, 65, 78, 529, 754, 840, 937,
1142, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1272, 1430,
1618, 1653, 1758, 1759, 1762, 1763,
1765, 1911, 1974, 1991, 2025; ~ ~ovek
1730, 1760, 1761; siromasi 569, 738,
1027, 1081, 1222, 1764; siroma{ni
1632; siroma{tija 141, 647, 796,
1127, 1133, 1321, 1766, 1767, 1768,
1770, 1771; usilna (stra{na) ~
1769; sinovini sirotini 1914
sit 1772, 1777; sitost 1977
site 797; 1596, 1607, 1715, 1776, 2025;
~ vrati 572, 1181; ~ guski 1774; ~
èni 804; ~ lo{otii 1128; ~ lu|e
1773; nad ~ 1858; ~ ptici 1221; ~
reki 1775; ~ ~lenovi 774
sito, novo 1346, 1347; obeseno ~
1346; svoe ~ 1746
skala 185, 493, 1663, 1957
skap 1779
skapano jabolko 473
skapernik 1938 v. titiz; ~ tatko
1200
skinati ~evli 2046
sklupca 507
skorni 84
skot 75
skràv 149, 963, 997, 1407, 1780, 1781,
1782, 1783, 1784, 1937, 1938;
skràvi 569
skr{eno grne 1921
skuden 1924
slab um 71; slabo `drebe 1785; ~
ku~e 1786; ~ telo 442
slavej~e 1787
sladok 13; ~ zalak 729; sladost 827;
slatka duma 1788; ~ voda 978; ~
lakrdija 1501; ~ re~ 1788; slatko
868
slama 498, 1361; slamka 947
slep 1201, 1202, 1790; ~ kow 1423;
slepa qubov 1046, 1047; slepec 62;
slepi
235;
slepi
kutriwa
(ku~iwa) 176, 1551; slepi~i{ta
176
slivi 425
sli~no 1791, 1792
sloboda 558; bez ~ 125
slon 1364, 1586, 1793
sluga 407, 1009, 1164, 1780; nieden ~
1331; takov ~ 743
smea 1484; smeewe 177, 262, 1795
smetka 1796; smetki 390
smola 922
smrt 214, 521, 731, 1045, 1194, 1203,
1485, 1486, 1595, 1596, 1611, 1782,
1797, 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801, 1854,
1855, 1957; smrten ~as 1357; smrtni
1773
snaa 1931
snaga 25, 75, 912, 1525, 2031
sneg 1802; bel ~ 760
sobi 317
sovet 917, 1853
sovr{ena qubov 1852; sovr{eno
1529
sokaci 1976
sokolovi o~i 1079
sol 238, 1291, 1496, 1497, 1501, 1509,
1853; vre}i~e ~ 51; solena voda
1374
solzi 35, 1205
Solomon, Mudriot 397
somun, topol 556
son 234, 1245, 1408, 1854, 1855
sonce 104, 619, 639, 697, 1279, 1478,
1529, 1590, 1802, 1856, 1857, 1858,
1859, 1919; pod ~ 1302
sosed 9, 1532 v. kom{ija; dobar ~ 385
spasenie 1965
spe~alena stoka 81; nepravedno
spe~aleno 1314
sproti svetec 1867; ~ veter 886, 1256
sram 1196, 1322, 1409, 1428, 1771,
1868, 1895, 1896, 1944; nov ~ 1879;
sramota 326, 1897
srebrenici 1869; srebro 544, 1602;
mnogu ~ 1504; srebroqubie 1870
sredstvo 2028
− 173 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
sre}a 397, 652, 798, 1872, 1873, 1960,
2086; lo{a ~ 150; promenliva ~
1871; dve sre}i 891; sre}en 1595
srce 137, 220, 346, 472, 542, 690, 732,
1013, 1083, 1095, 1100, 1172, 1178,
1208, 1387, 1424, 1522, 1531, 1848,
1992, 2081, 2085, 2105; blagodarno ~
2082; veselo ~ 193, 970; krotko ~
656; ludo ~ 1995; radosno ~ 768;
toplo ~ 1901; ~ove~ko ~ 204;
{iroko ~ 2082; srca 151
stado 929, 932, 1812; edno ~ 448; sekoe ~ 232; celo ~ 460; ov~ki stada
564
Stambol 1836, 1893
stap 341, 703, 709, 765, 772, 820, 873,
2065; bez ~ 1225, 1755; pita~ki ~
801; stapovi 1874; dolgi ~ 317; sto
~ 1889
stapalka 1893
stapica 1011, 1076, 1223
star 1516, 1800; ~ bunar 1342, 1422; ~
vol 298, 1882; ~ volk 1875; ~ grev
1879; ~ prijatel 1883; stara magarica 1876; ~ qubov 1877, 1878; starec 1226, 1285; sekoj ~ 1732; umen ~
1430; stari 712, 1881; ~ nerazbrani
144; ~ prijateli 413, 1345, 1880; ~
rani 1262; staro vino 1880; ~ grne
387; ~ drvo 1884, 1886; ~ ku~e 1885;
starost 34, 541, 860, 896, 942, 951,
1625, 1887
sto vrap~iwa 1488; ~ godini 1519,
1630; ~ dram 1888; ~ oka 1888; ~
orevi 236; ~ pametni 14; ~ prijateli 1503; ~ stapovi 1889
Stojanova majka 106
stoka 324, 1137, 1150, 1173, 1407,
1916; aram ~ 81; arna ~ 88, 89; mnogu ~ 492; spe~alena ~ 81; ubava ~
1997
stola, dva 909
stolb 1814
stomak 1414
stomna 348, 934, 1890; zdrava ~ 1108
stopan 272, 799, 1465; kakov ~ 743
storeno 1401
strav 828, 1301, 1409, 1431, 1767,
1848, 1852, 1894, 2007
strana, druga 1378; edna ~ 1378; dve
strani 1859
stra~ka 788, 935, 1258
streja 1008, 1516
strela 549; najdobar strelec 616
striko 613
strogi vladeteli 1898; ~ zakoni
1019
strplivost 1842, 1899, 1900; se~ija ~
650
Struga 733
studeni race 1901
suv leb 1517, 1902, 1903; suvi korki
281; suvo 477; ~ drvo 1904
sudbi bo`ji 1905; ~ neispitani 1905;
svoja sudbina 1713; sudeni 1278;
sudeno 1410
sueta 1906
surovo 412
su{a 6; golema ~ 1369
T
tabiet (priroda) 211
tava 1642
taga 1632, 1907
tajna 582, 1908; tajno 1223
taka 730, 734, 735, 726
takva }erka 717; ~ kazna 739; ~ plata
719; takvi jajca 718; takvo 723; ~
grozje 716; ~ svir~e 722; takov
1829, 1862; ~ dom 741; ~ narod 740,
742; ~ odgovor 724; ~ pat 745; ~
plod 721; ~ sin 744, 746; ~ sluga
743; ~ ustrel 720
taksirat (nesre}a) 1888
tamav}ar (skràv) 149, 1407; tamav}ari 569
tamu 1372
tanec 954, 1204, 1911
tapan 512, 965, 1911, tapani 1483,
1912
Tatari 1913
− 174 −
Bone Veli~kovski
tatko 57, 381, 654, 748, 793, 1915,
1916, 1937; {tedliv ~ 1212; kakov ~
744 746; skapernik ~ 1200; tatkov
zdiv 553; tatkovina 1714; svoja ~
1610; tatkovini brkotini 1914;
tatkovci 1909
tvoe 631; ~ jajce 1518; tvoj blièn
1039; ~ }ef 525; tvoja glava 1843; ~
glavica 1844; ~ palica 1844; ~ usta
1292; tvoi kamewa 1843; ~ o~i 642,
1506
tebe 1845, 2088
teòk 1722; te{ka rana 1922; ~ re~
1922; te{ki kamewa 752; ~ ~ekori
1592; te{ko 1007, 1923, 1924, 1925,
1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930; teìna
959; svoja ~ 1744; svoi teìni 207
tele 1386, 1527, 1528; svoe ~ 1740
telo, bez 2058; zdravo ~ 554; slabo ~
442; celo ~ 774
temjan 109, 110, 1163
temnina 2091; temnica 43, 1919
tenko 762
tenxere 1267
terzija 1920, 1921; brz ~ 672
tesla, majstorska 431
tetka 930
te{ta 1931
tivka voda 156, 237, 1936
tikvi 41; tikven gro{ 85
titiz (skapernik) 1938, 1937
toj vek 1196
tovar 959; lesen ~ 1917; svoj ~ 1704,
1927; golemi tovari 308
tolku 967, 968; ~ lu|e 962; ~ poaren
966; ~ pove}e 963; ~ pojak 964; ~
umovi 961
top 1457
toplo srce 1901; topol somun 556
topola 633
torba 1579, 1831, 1949; pita~ka ~
1474; polna ~ 1189; prazna ~ 1508
traga 622; tragi 2102
trgovec 113, 1953
treva 365, 711, 751, 1027; zelena ~
561, 1282
trezen 2110
trendafil 1324, 1955
tri dena 1644; ~ dni 603, 1519, 1707; ~
èni 1956; ~ ipol 683; ~ ne{ta
1957; ~ raboti 2107; tripati 1646,
1958; trista lakrdii 1959; ~ maki
588; ~ samari 658; ~ umni 456; tret
778; treto 471; ~ koleno 1314;
trojca 1908
trici 1779
trka 1240
trkalce 1982; trkalo 1960; trkalezna para 1446
trn 1961; bez ~ 1324; zol ~ 576;
trn~iwa 1955; trwe 1413, 1962,
1963
trpe` 1430, 1964; trpenie 1965, 1966
trpeza 1111
trska 693, 1967
trud 1969, 1970; svoj ~ 1735; tu| ~ 420;
trudbenik 1968; trudewe 1299
trup 698
tu| gaz 1889; ~ imot 1006; ~ komad
2073; ~ kow 1849, 2075; ~ maznik
2073; ~ oven 589; ~ trud 420; tu|a
beqa 150; ~ vrata 819; ~ koko{ka
1971, 1972; ~ manxa 238; ~ raka 486;
~ 'r` 1287; tu|i gre{ki 1144; ~
grobi{ta 1205; ~ zborovi 1506; ~
lu|e 1079; ~ ple}i 1917; ~ race
1850, 1851; tu|ina 69, 1113, 1641,
1902, 1973, 1974, 2074; tu|o 65; ~ azno 1006; ~ arno 1006; ~ vino 2073; ~
kokov~e 1518; ~ lele 524; ~ prase
2080
turkawe 1470
tutun 684, 1977
]
}ar 1978, 1979
}ev 1471 v. }ef
}elav 129, 829, 1206, 1681; }elava
glava 1207, 1985
}elepur manxa 1414
}erka 1480, 1757; popova ~ 1290; takva ~ 717
}ese 874 v. kese; }esiwa 63
− 175 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
}ef, tvoj 525 v. }ev
}or(av) 235, 1201, 1202; }orava koko{ka 634
}os 1296; }ose ~ovek 318
}otek 778
}ud 248
}umurxija 1490
}urk~ija 608
}utuk 624
U
ubav 1720; ~ pen 624; ~ ìvot 1606;
ubava èna 914, 1149, 1992; ~ qubov
1047; ~ stoka 1997; ubavi zborovi
1846; ~ kru{i 1996; ubavina 1050,
1841, 1993, 1994; ubavo 805; ~ lice
1995
uvo, drugo 218, 1380; edno ~ 218, 1380
ugasnata yvezda 1197
ugnetuvawe 1998
ugodna èna 1992
ugore visoko - udolu dlaboko 1999
uzda, bez 973; cvrsta ~ 513
ukasan 2000
ulav 105, 635, 1415, 1515; eden ~ 456;
polovina ulav{tina 1034
um 14, 196, 311, 324, 403, 481, 529, 568,
676, 770, 779, 876, 945, 976, 1138,
1308, 1352, 1415, 1430, 1435, 1618,
1727, 1731, 1826, 1847, 1990, 2005,
2106; bez ~ 1756; golem ~ 1070; drug
~ 424; kakov ~ 741; lesen ~ 1923;
svoj ~ 357, 928; slab ~ 71; umen 38,
635, 1515, 2003; ~ starec 1430; eden
~ 1503; umna èna 1992; umni 440; ~
maì 1064; trista ~ 456; umno
2004; devedeset i devet umovi 357;
tolku ~ 961
umeren 1954; umereno 803
umetnost, ve~na 494
umirawe 263
umira~ka 652, 1182, 1203, 2001, 2002
umren 636, 1318; ~ ~ovek 2006; umreni 526, 2007
umorni 335
urda, raka 506
urnek 1224
usviteno èlezo 792
usilna (stra{na) siroma{tija 1769
uspeh 1341
usta 542, 551, 916, 955, 1178, 1208,
1237, 1416, 1475, 1805, 1848, 2009,
2085, 2105; edna ~ 462; zatvorena ~
219; medena ~ 1077; polovina ~
1545; sekoja ~ 1743; tvoja ~ 1292;
usti 1191, 1541; aforesani ~ 1107;
kolnati ~ 1107; mnogu ~ 1107;
prokleti ~ 1107; ~ove~ki ~ 2062
ustrel, takov 720
utre 198, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374,
375, 377, 637, 1261, 1496, 1497, 1630;
utrina 378; utro 1487; dobro ~ 385,
396; postaro ~ 1572
u} (priroda) 211
u~en 1337, 1338; u~ili{te 1260;
u~itel 265; najdobar ~ 667;
u{i 194, 592, 593, 594, 599, 604, 813,
1416; bez ~ 753, 895; dve ~ 451, 1607;
zaja~ki ~ 1079; igleni ~ 1553;
u{ata gora 1549
F
fazani 1141
fajde, bez 1605
falba 2017
faleni jagotki 1209
fara 660 v. rodnini
filozofi 1119
florin (para) 1066
ftesen (kriv) 2086
H
hartija 2022
hrabri 1240, 1872
hrana, najarna 1001
C
− 176 −
Bone Veli~kovski
car 235, 338, 530, 1416, 1419, 1530,
1568, 1939, 2023, 2024, 2025;
E|uptin ~ 793; premlad ~ 1930; carevi 1120; carevo 1530, 1568; carska brada 168; ~ porta 87; ~ sabja
1213; carstvo 587; bo`jo ~ 1553
cve}e 1994, 2026, 2027; edno ~ 1821
cvrsta uzda 513
cel 2028; ~ buquk 460; ~ grad 1164; ~
den 1433; ~ pazar 1956; ~ svet 640,
911, 960; cela ovca 1365; ~ ~erga
504; celo bogatstvo 1525; ~ stado
460; ~ telo 774
Ciganka 675; sekoja ~ 1746; Cigan~e
675
cigara 1087
crv 754
crven remen 2030; crvena podopa{nica 1876; crveni jajca 618;
crkva 450, 789, 1523, 2031, 2093;
crkovna vrata 1182
crn den 126; ~ piper 2032; crna bivolica 2033; ~ zemja 2035; ~ koko{ka 2034; ~ krava 638, 2033; ~
ma~ka 1695; ~ ovca 232; crni dni
126, 2036; ~ race 2037; crno 106,
127, 128; ~ kafe 760; ~ lice 1189
^
~avka 568, 1259, 1637, 2038, 2039; 64,
607, 633, 899
~ad 27, 360, 1163, 1298
~are 227
~ar{afi 1536
~ar{ija 84, 985
~as, eden 457; smrten ~ 1357; dva ~asa
457
~a{a 1313, 1543; ~a{a-dosti (prijateli) 1110
~evel 1726; sekoj ~ 1736; ~evli 1536;
skinati ~ 2046; ~evlar 2046
~ekan 1078, 2047
~ekori, prvi 1592
~elad 1368, 1417, 1459; lo{a ~ 1636
~elo 1728, 2070
~erga 1276, 1622; cela ~ 504
~erep 1682, 2048
~esen 38; ~esno 948; ~ ime 1504; ~est
216, 287, 661, 695, 1280, 1318, 1430,
2049, 2050, 2051; bez ~ 124, 1610
~esti poseti 759; ~esto 1614
~e{el 1206; ~e{li 655
~e{ma, begliska (begli~ka) 1148,
1264
~ivija 2052 v. klin
~irak 1945
~ist 2054; ~ esap 2055; ~ista misla
1988; ~isti 527; ~isto 527, 1344; ~
lice 1211; ~istota 2056, 2057
~iflik 1502
~len 774; ~lenovi 774
~ovek 2, 14, 38, 75, 77, 78, 134, 159,
161, 186, 200, 203, 205, 216, 274, 302,
324, 331, 366, 376, 450, 451, 462, 474,
479, 492, 495, 557, 574, 639, 653, 654,
704, 792, 801, 974, 1023, 1068, 1132,
1177, 1308, 1310, 1322, 1354, 1368,
1371, 1385, 1409, 1418, 1427, 1513,
1595, 1626, 1653, 1750, 1847, 1923,
1948, 1955, 2027, 2040, 2041, 2042,
2043, 2044, 2045, 2058, 2059, 2060,
2061, 2063, 2064, 2065, 2066, 2067,
2068, 2069, 2070, 2071, 2085, 2098;
aren ~ 93, 847; bogat ~ 154; budala
~ 392; gladen ~ 281, 1589; gre{en ~
983; dobar ~ 392; kriv ~ 847, 983;
lo{ ~ 56, 157, 847, 1018; lut ~ 1030,
1036; peda ~ 1463; poopiten ~ 1244;
prav ~ 847; re{itelen ~ 1431; sam
~ 1656; svoj ~ 1838; silen ~ 1431;
siromav ~ 1760, 1761; }ose ~ 318;
umren ~ 2006; {irok ~ 2081;
~ove~ki 337, 653; ~ pat 259; ~ usti
2062; ~ove~ko srce 204; ~ove{tina
410
~orba 387; ~orbaxija 1490
~uda 269; sekoe ~udo 1707
~uma 674, 1472
~un 2076
~upka, prazna 1587
X
− 177 −
INDEKS
na klu~ni zborovi
xamija 790
xeb 1563, 1567; xepovi 1846
xeza 421
[
{aka 1804, 1835, 2077 v. {ega
{apka 2078
{ega 239, 342, 898, 1058, 1226, 1227,
1804, 1835, 2079 v. {aka
{e}er 46, 1496, 1935
{ip 184
{irok ~ovek 2081; {iroko srce
2082
{kolka 230
{tedliv tatko 1212
{teta 1444
{tica, gnila 1156
{trkol 108
{ugav kow 458
{uma 1253
{uplivi jabolka 2099, 2100
{utar(ka) 1682, 2048
{~rbol 1682
D E L II / P A R T II
ENGLISH-MACEDONIAN PARALLELS
OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS
ANGLISKO-MAKEDONSKI
POSLOVI^NI PARALELI
INTRODUCTION
This bilingual comparative dictionary of proverbs and sayings contains
more than 2,000 semantic units including Macedonian and English entries followed
by its analogues in the comparing language. Any proverb or saying can be easily
located in the subject indexes by its initial word or key words.
The first part of the present Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian
Dictionary of equivalent proverbs contains 2,110 and the second one 1,183 entries.
Apart from the main proverb in each entry, the variants and synonyms of the
proverb are given, as well as a literal translation, a logical interpretation, the
Macedonian correspondences and illustrative material from the cited sources. This
work is actually a collection of parallel proverbs and sayings in two directions, and
it is mainly aimed to proverb scholars but it can also be of help to translators and
language specialists. The book could be of great interest for a broad audience:
learners and teachers, lecturers of Macedonian in English-speaking countries as
well.
By definition, equivalent proverbs are those which express the same
concept literally or metaphorically. This concise juxtapositional dictionary of
proverbs and sayings is in fact a collection of wisdom of the common people, both
from the past and the present time, for a great deal of the proverbs are created by
different strata of the Macedonian-speaking people. They exist in today's
Macedonian language spoken in the Republic of Macedonia. Comparing the
proverbs of written sources from the 19th century with those of our own time, we can
be given a glimpse into another world and time, and at the same time we can noticed
that some of the proverbs and sayings are still alive and functioning if not in the
same manner at least the Macedonians stick to the same concept of behavior despite
the cardinal changes that occurred in modern Macedonian society, notwithstanding
the new values, attitudes, and norms, a process which is still going on. These “new
values and norms almost always clash with central and unquestioned categories with
which they often seem to be incompatible”, because there are always people,
especially young people, who rebel against the norms of society and express their
attitude through folkloric channels of popular culture. Radost Ivanova 1 discusses
this kind of contemporary folklore, the “folklore of crisis and change”, as Klaus
Roth calls it 2 . The corpus of the present collection refers to folklore but it contains
both folkloristic and ethnological approaches and methods. Some of the sources,
such as of proverbs, sayings, slogans, etc. involve textual analysis, which is a
1
Radost Ivanova, Folklore of the Change. Folk Culture in Post-Socialist Bulgaria.
Folklore Fellows’ Communications No. 270, Helsinki, Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 1999, 127 pp.
2
Klaus Roth: “Bourgeois Culture and Civil Society in Southeast Europe - A Contribution to the Debate
on Modernization”, (NIF Papers 5/1997: 11).
− 182 −
Bone Veličkovski
traditional method in folkloristics. These manifestations of popular culture can also
be discussed from an ethnological perspective. These minor forms can also be seen
as a sociological barometer of a nation, a compendium of cultural data. Their focus
is on the essential symbols of the popular culture, on their changing meanings and
the dynamic processes that are reflected in these verbal symbols. By researching
folklore, we can get to know about the people and their mentalities, about social
processes and constructing new identities. Folkloric self-reflections of an ethnic
group or a nation can spread to the oral traditions of the others and determine how
other nations see them. A nation can be interpreted as a living organism whose
world-view is reflected in folklore. The relationship between tradition and
innovation in folklore is a constant research problem, and as topical now as it was in
the recent past, although the approaches and emphases have changed. Thus, similar
historical processes can be traced both in folklore and folkloristics. It is well known
the cyclic nature of folklore and in general. However, channels of folklore
transmission have changed and become more diverse.
Macedonia is situated in the central part of the Balkans. Because of its
situation, the Balkan Peninsula has since ancient times been a bridge between the
East and the West. The main roads between Asia and Europe ran across it. They
were lively communication lines between the two continents. Many tribes and
peoples crossed the Peninsula or settled on it. Some of the latter were absorbed by
other ethnical groups and disappeared. The Turks came to the Balkans in the 14th
century; their domination gradually spread and even went beyond the boundaries of
the Balkan Peninsula. Several Balkan peoples lived for centuries within the
framework of the Ottoman State. Many Turks settled in different parts of the
Peninsula. They lived in close contact with the local population and passed on to
them something of their folklore.
There existed cultural contacts among the Balkan peoples before and after
the Ottoman conquest. It is amazing to notice how great is the number of parallels in
their folklore, particularly in the sphere of proverbs, sayings, songs and tales.
The present work is a contribution to the study of one of the most
interesting folklore genres ─ of proverbs and sayings. I have selected the abovementioned number of proverbial parallels, which together with some variants
considerably surpass it. The majority of them have correspondences, undoubtedly
due to the same way of thinking and common origin inherited from the religious or
literary sources. I have done my best to make this collection as complete and precise
as possible, but naturally the collected material is not quite exhaustive.
The vast number of parallel proverbs and sayings is a proof in itself of the
existence of great cultural and spiritual ties between the European countries. The
features they have in common are not only because they are members of the same
civilization, but also to the social, economic and cultural relations which have
existed in Europe over the past centuries.
− 183 −
INTRODUCTION
I would like to point out that many proverbs and sayings of Turkish and
Greek origin has been either translated literally into the Macedonian language or has
been only slightly changed in the course of history. I must also stress the fact that
there are many parallel proverbs that come from outside the Balkan Peninsula,
although the local population looks upon them as typically their own. Many of them
are of Arab, Persian and Armenian origin and have been brought to the Balkan
Peninsula by the Turks. The number of Latin proverbs is also considerable ─ they
have come down to us from the time of the Roman domination on the Peninsula, or
came later with the Crusaders; some of them were brought by merchants trading
with Italy via Venice, Dubrovnik or other towns on the Adriatic. The study of such
removed epochs is outside the aims of the present work. Of course, the folklore of
the Macedonian people contains many original, purely local sayings, but the number
of parallels (of Balkan or other origin) is really significant and that is why I have
made them the object of this study. They speak of the similarity in the life and
ideology of the Balkan peoples, which are not only neighbors but also had to a
certain extent a common history during the time of the Turkish domination 3 . The
parallels reveal the same feelings, moral and ethical values.
We can see from the classification of the proverbs and sayings in groups
according to subject matter how close are the ideas of the Macedonian and English
peoples concerning all the spheres of human activity.
The proverbs and sayings figuring in the collection are arranged in
alphabetic order, in the Macedonian-English section, and according the key words
(alphabetically) in the English-Macedonian part; all the parallels are given
immediately underneath. All found Macedonian and English variants are also given.
This Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian Dictionary of
equivalent proverbs demonstrates that both tongues contain hundreds of the same
proverbs with the same implications and manifests the proximity of our cultures and
the links which reunite us. Many regions of contemporary Republic of Macedonia
also contributed considerably to the treasury of Macedonian proverbs. Brief
aphorisms associated with anecdotes are another important source for Macedonian
proverbs. Here are a few examples: "The frog saw how the horses were shod, so she
also lifted up her foot"; "The mouse, though it could not squeeze into the hole, had a
pumpkin tied to its tail"; "They asked the wolf, 'Why is your neck so thick?'
'Because I do my own work myself,' he answered"; "They asked the old ox whether
he preferred old or new fields to plough: 'As long as the yoke is on my neck, it's all
the same to me,' he answered."
In addition, many stories and tales are the biggest and richest anecdotal
source for Macedonian proverbs. They contain many proverbs, idioms, and some of
these anecdotes, associated with certain proverbs and idioms are incorporated in this
book.
3
Nikolai I. Ikonomov, Folk Wisdom of the Balkan Peoples : Parallel Proverbs and Sayings in Bulgarian,
Serbian, Turkish, Rumanian, Albanian and Greek, Sofia, Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, Institute of Balkan Studies, 1968, p. 322.
− 184 −
Bone Veličkovski
The orthodox fate inspired many proverbs in the Macedonian language. A
great number of proverbs and sayings are either from different chapters in the Holy
Bible, or “The Sayings of Solomon” (or “The proverbs of Solomon”, or “Solomon's
Advice to His Son”): "A soft answer turneth away wrath"; "The borrower is servant
to the lender"; "Fools are wise as long as silent"; "A good friend is my nearest
relation"; "Iron whets iron"; "The joy of the heart makes the face fair"; "A contented
mind is a continual feast", etc.
It is a well known fact that numerous Macedonian proverbs are of Turkish
origin; some Western authors often contest the Turkish proverbs' origin. For instance
the proverb, "The guest is not welcome to a guest, but both are not to the host" is
recognized as an Albanian one, though it is Turkish 4 and can be met as a Serbian
proverb in the famous collection of proverbs that has been assembled by the
language reformer Karadjich, in the first edition that dates from the year 1849. 5 It is
also registered among the Macedonians. Rosalind Fergusson 6 quotes as English
proverbs "Every sheep is hung by its own leg" and "He that cannot beat the ass,
beats the saddle” that are known both in the Turkish collection of proverbs appended
to Teshil (published in 1480) and in the Macedonian one (from 1954). 7
Here are other examples, which show that the proverbs of Turkish origin
have been translated almost literally into Macedonian. According to Nejat
Muallimoglu, 8 Petros D. Baz, M.D., credits only two proverbs to Turkish origins:
"God builds the nest of a blind bird," and "Rejoice not in another's sorrow," which
have their identical counterpart in Macedonian. His book contains many Turkish
proverbs which first appeared in Diwan-i Lugat-it Turk (1074), The Book of Dede
Korkut (thirteenth century), Hibet-ul Hakaayik (thirteenth century), and Teshil
(1480): "Use not the sword against him who asks forgiveness" (a widespread
Macedonian proverb), which is from The Book of Dede Korkut; "One must beat the
iron while it is hot" ["Strike the iron while it is hot"]; "Without thorns, no roses";
"All fingers are not alike", which is also found in Diwan-i Lugat-it Turk. Many of
these variant forms are in use in Macedonia today and can be both heard and found
in written texts.
There are other Turkish proverbs appearing in this book which seem to
have been taken ─ as patterns and variants ─ with the proverbs mentioned above,
from Rev. E.J. Davisos Osmanli Proverbs and Quaint Sayings (1897), which was
the translation of Ahmed Midhad Effendi’s Muntahabat-I Durub-I Amsal (1871): "It
is too late to shut the stable after the horse is stolen"; “Alms are the golden keys that
4
Nejat Muallimo}lu New York City September 1988, From The Turkish Delights, A Treasury of
Proverbs and Folk Saying, National Education Press, 1998.
5
Vuk Stefanovich Karadjich, Serbian Proverbs and Sayings, Vienna, Armenian Monastery Press, 1849.
6
Rosalind Fergusson, The Penguin Dictionary of Proverbs, Harmondsworth, 1986.
7
Macedonian Folklore, Volume IV, Book 1, Proverbs, Edited by Haralampie Polenakovich and Kiril
Penushliski, Skopje, Publishing Hous "Kocho Ratsin", 1954. (6979 proverbs).
8
Nejat Muallimoglu, From The Turkish Delights, A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Saying, National
Education Press, 1998. See also: Necat Muallimo}lu, Turkish Delights: A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk
Sayings, Istanbul Avci}ol Matbaasx, 1988.
− 185 −
INTRODUCTION
open the gates of heaven"; "The best apple is eaten by the bear" ["The best pears are
eaten by the swine", in the Macedonian variant]; "I'd rather an ass that carries me
than a horse that throws me"; "Every horse thinks his own pack heaviest" or "Every
donkey carries his own burden"; "No one knows the weight of another's burden";
"Choose neither a woman nor linen by candlelight"; "Cleanliness is from faith"; "A
cock is bold on his own dunghill"; "No road is long with good company"; "Stretch
your legs according to the length of your quilt (coverlet)"; "Marry your son when
you will, your daughter when you can"; "The dog barks and the caravan passes";
"We have two ears and one mouth, that we may listen the more and talk the less";
"Uninvited guests sit on thorns"; "One scabbed sheep will taint a whole flock"; "To
the lazy every day is a holiday"; "The mouse that has one hole is quickly taken";
"Two (many) captains sink the ship" and others.
None of these proverbs are among the 960 in The Concise Oxford
Dictionary of Proverbs, 9 which states that the proverb "The apple never falls far
from the tree" is "apparently of eastern origin" (the Macedonian variant is "The pear
never falls far from the tree").
Of course, Macedonians did borrow proverbs from other cultures and
languages. After they embraced the Orthodox religion in the tenth century, proverbs
of Greek a Hebrew origin began to strain into the Old Slavonic language in
Macedonia. There are also proverbs of Arab and Persian origin introduced into
Macedonian by means of the Turkish Language: "Free vinegar is sweeter than
honey" is one of them. During and after the Crusades, Turks came into contact with
the West. It is quite possible that proverbs as well as weapons were exchanged. The
Turkish proverb "If a bald man knew a remedy, he would rub it on his own head"
has its counterpart in Latin: Medice, cura te ipsum (Physician, heal thyself).
In English there is a proverb "The fish always stinks from the head
downwards." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs says that it is of Greek
origin and first appeared in English in 1581. The Turkish version of it, "The fish
stinks from the head," appeared among the proverbs attached to Teshil. This and
"Every fish that escapes appears greater than it really is" are also cited as Turkish
proverbs in the book published by the Armenian monastery of St. Lazarus in Venice,
Italy. In this book, we also see "Do not observe the teeth of a horse given as a
present," which The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs attributes to a Greek
origin. The Turks and the Macedonians too have known this proverb and its
connection with the Greek sample.
Since human nature is much the same all over the world, our minds react
more or less the same way. It is expected that similar proverbs will be found in
different languages. An English-speaking reader may be accustomed to thinking of
the Macedonians as differing widely from himself or herself in habits of thought,
yet, as one can see, many English and American proverbs have counterparts in
9
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs, Edited by John Simpson and Jennifer Speake, Third
Edition, Oxford University Press, 1999.
− 186 −
Bone Veličkovski
Macedonian. Because of the influence of environment and climate, different peoples
vary in rendering the same idea. In England, not enough sunshine but plenty of rain
inspired "Make hay while the sun shines", but in arid Macedonia, "The rains of May,
pay the debts" and "Every drop of dew in May is worth a golden coin". In England
and Macedonia "There is no smoke without fire", a picture of the cold climate; but
in Macedonia, a country with a continental climate, "No leaf flutters without a
wind", offers a picture of open-air pastoral life.
By one of countless definitions, the proverb is a traditional saying, which
offers advice or presents a moral in a short or pithy manner. As with proverbs of
other nations, the Macedonian folk philosophy, distinctive regional customs and,
above all, the peculiar flavor of the language and phraseology constitute the
distinctiveness of the Macedonian proverbs. A close examination of these proverbs
reveals observations about people and things, customs and ceremonies that are near
to the oriental mentality, facts of natural history, fragments of poetry, and quaint
rhymes, puns, and similes.
The Macedonian word for a proverb, poslovica 10 possesses the Latin
meaning. The Macedonian proverbs, "with the exception of a few comparatively
modern ones, are mostly very old, dating from early centuries when the
Macedonians came to the Balkan Peninsula and were leading a nomadic and
agricultural life. The figurative rendering of many proverbs, which frequently refer
to country life, can prove this and domestic animals, especially the latter, for animals
constitute the main metaphorical feature and in figurative language of Macedonian
proverbs. The concentration is focused on 'animal proverbs', on an available choice
of a fair amount of texts containing words denoting animal referents (zoological
creatures): fish, birds, insects, etc, but also the names of animal families and genera,
like animal, predator, bird, snake, etc., including those in proverb and proverbial
phrase form. The registered material about animals in both metaphorical and nonmetaphorical uses is interesting for research approaches that are able to relate these
areas to each other - for example, the potential of cognitive linguistics for making
inter-lingual comparisons of figurative language.
Macedonian proverbs also tell us what the authors of those wise sayings
cultivated and ate. Honey ("It is not by saying 'honey, honey’ that sweetness will
come into the mouth", advises us that only action produces results, not talking about
things to be done), milk, yogurt, bread, rice, wheat, grapes, apple, pear, cucumber
("A cucumber being given to a poor man, he did not accept it, because it was
crooked", is a reference to ingratitude), beans, salt, onion, garlic ("Your mouth will
not smell if you do not eat garlic", tells us that a clear conscience does not fear
accusation), sugar, eggplant ("When his is angry, his nose swells to the size of an
eggplant", implies that the angry man cannot control himself), vinegar ("You can't
get both wine and vinegar to flow from the same barrel at the same time"), and
watermelon ("One cannot carry two watermelons under one armpit", is a warning
10
pogovorka corresponds to the English saying.
− 187 −
INTRODUCTION
against doing more than one thing at a time), or "You can't carry two watermelons
under the same arm". This saying is also used when someone wants to achieve two
aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither); they are all employed
metaphorically in these proverbs.
The Turks disseminated their proverbs in the Balkan countries when they
occupied them; the natives of those countries have kept them alive. Albanian,
Bulgarian 11 , Hungarian, Romanian, and the different languages of the exYugoslavia including the Macedonian, all contain large numbers of proverbs from
Turkish. Professor S. Topalian, an Armenian scholar at the School of Oriental
Studies in London in the 1930s, pointed out that "Turkish proverbs with their idyllic
rendering remind one of the teachings of Christ who took his similes from shepherds
and lambs, from flowers and seeds, and this perhaps explains the reason why they
are cherished so much by the Christian subjects of the former Ottoman Empire, who
hold them in great respect and affection." 12
In trying to understand a proverb, the peculiarities of its language should be
taken into consideration. This will explain many points that might appear at first
unclear and incongruous. In the English proverbs as well as in the Macedonian ones,
there is a reasonable contrast of one with two. "One bird in the hand is better than
two in the bush [branch]", or 'three': "Fish and guests stink after three days"; or, for
the sake of rhyme, "One stitch in time saves nine"; but sometimes, on all similar
occasions the Macedonian, has 'hundred': "Better three days as a rooster, than a
hundred years as a hen"; "Work as if you'd live a hundred years, and think as if
you'd die tomorrow"; "A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred wise
men cannot pull out", or 'three hundred': "A crazy man throws a rock down a well,
and three hundred wise men can't fish it out"; "When there is oppression, the people
suffer three hundred miseries"; "In time of war, the people suffer three hundred
calamities"; "If you have the back for it, three hundred saddles can easily be found";
or even 'a thousand': "The one said one price, the other another (one thousand), and
they made a good agreement"; "Whoever understands, will grasp it with a single
word; whoever doesn't, will be in the dark after a thousand repetitions"; "Measure a
thousand times before cutting once", and also: "Measure a three times before cutting
once", etc. A superficial explanation will attribute this to inherited Oriental
exaggeration, but the true explanation lies in the fact that the Turkish words for a
thousand and one 'bin, bir', have an alliteration and euphonic charm almost too
strong to resist", and these proverbs were automatically translated from the Turkish
into Macedonian. Similar examples are the following ones: "He who looks for a
11
Nikolai I. Ikonomov, Folk Wisdom of the Balkan Peoples : Parallel Proverbs and Sayings in
Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish, Rumanian, Albanian and Greek, Sofia, Publishing House of the Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, Institute of Balkan Studies, 1968. (It contains many Macedonian proverbs and
sayings considered as Bulgarian).
12
Necat Muallimo}lu, Turkish Delights: A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Sayings, Istanbul Avci}ol
Matbaasx, 1988.
− 188 −
Bone Veličkovski
friend without fault, remains without a friend"; "A man who is drenched does not
fear rain"; "The mouse that has only one hole in soon caught".
A preferred type of Macedonian proverb consists of two complementary
clauses. We find the same sort of parallelism sometimes in English: "Two blacks do
not make a white; two wrongs do not make a right". This balanced structure is
highly characteristic of Macedonian proverbs: "A man becomes experienced by
being defeated; a scholar, by making mistakes"; "He who is well-fed does not know
the one who is hungry; he who is well does not know the one who is ill"; "Moisture
ruins the wall; grief ruins the man"; "Worn cotton does not become doth; the old
enemy does not become a friend".
Alliteration, as in many English proverbs (e.g., "Where there's a will there's
a way"; "A miss is as good as a mile"; "One swallow doesn't make a summer";
"Practice makes perfect") plays a conspicuous part in Macedonian proverbs together
with the rhythmic effect produced by harmonious arrangements of syllables, or by
parallelism, which is generally reinforced by internal rhymes. These poetic
characteristics enhance the following proverbs: "What soberness conceals,
drunkenness reveals"; "A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf"; "He that
speaks the thing he should not hears the thing he would not"; "Do not look at the hat,
but at what is under the hat"; "He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing"; "One in
the heart, another in the tongue"; "The face shows the quality of the heart"; If your
friend is made of honey or sugar, don't eat him completely" (If our friends are good
people, we ought to respect them and not to exploit their goodness).
Often an element of quaint or humorous exaggeration in the Macedonian
proverbs adds to their charm: "A neighbor's hen looks as big as a goose"; "The bald
laughed at the scabby"); "If God listened to the donkeys, not a single saddle maker
will be left alive"; "A hungry hen dreams she is in the barley barn"; "The old cat
looks for a young mouse"; "Get yourself a beard; as for combs, you can have as
many as you like"; "When God was parceling out brains, that fellow was behind the
door"; "The head gray, and no brains yet" ("No fool to the old fool").
Like proverbs from other nations, the Macedonian proverbs share the
common characteristics of proverbial philosophy: "Asked what made the world go
round, a wise old man said: "Mind for the intelligent; money for the wealthy;
patches and patience for the poor; and honor for everybody"; "Better to possess a
gram of love, than give a kilogram of gold in church"; with its emphasis on courage:
"The determined dog does not fear the wolf"; self-reliance: "God helps those who
help themselves": work: "Work adorns a person, whereas laziness makes him
hideous", "Work to eat, hide to have", "Work in youth, hide for old age"; prudence:
"May God protect us from poverty and ignorance"; virtues: "A good bishop will not
nominate himself for sainthood", and its skeptical attitude toward the world and
human motives. Numerous proverbs are tinged with a titillating cynicism: "One
makes the mistake and another pays the fine", "What's the use of having a beard, if
his head is empty?", "If you don't know how to live, it is absurd to have many
possessions", "He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left" (When a thing is
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INTRODUCTION
done, advice comes too late), "The donkey was invited to the wedding, but it was
asked to bring its saddle", "He swam the whole sea, and was drowned at the shore",
etc.
A careful reading of some Macedonian proverbs will show that the
traditional Macedonian society ─ and to a large extent Macedonian society today ─
is still somehow patriarchal. The father is the head of the family: "The very sigh of
the father or mother takes effect, let alone their curse", "When a father divides the
inheritance, he mustn't give with handful to one child, and with a finger to another".
Because of their long life and experience, elder men are highly respected: "Whoever
doesn't listen to the elderly, will remain ignorant" ("He who doesn't hear the councils
of the elderly people will remain an ignorant", and "If you wish good advice, consult
an old man"). Sons are more valued than daughters are, for they carry the family
name and its tradition to the following generation. This should not be taken to mean
that women are second-class citizens. On the contrary, they are very much
appreciated: "The pretty woman gratifies the eyes; the intelligent woman, the heart".
Motherhood is the greatest honor a woman can achieve: "A blessing on the milk he
imbibed from his mother!", "The good mother says not, Will you? but gives",
"When appraising the daughter, cast an eye on the mother as well", and "He that
would the daughter win must with the mother first begin" ─ these are some of the
proverbs showing the high esteem accorded to mothers. However, there are some
harshly denigrating and insulting proverbs about women that exist in Macedonian
similar to those in the English language: "Long hair ─ short brain" (Women have
long hair but little intelligence).
Numerous proverbs about God show that religion plays a very important
role in an average Macedonian's life. As will also be seen when one reads the
numerous proverbs on destiny, a Macedonian believes that events are predetermined
and inevitable. He is sometimes a fatalist. A Macedonian is not a devout Christian;
even before the communist era people believed: "Better to be without religion, than
to be without bread"; his exemplary tolerance of other faiths is evident in the
proverb passed from one generation to another: "God helps all people, including
those of a different faith", "Be devout, but perform good deeds as well", "A man
without moderation and restraint, is a man without faith", and "Like faith, like
dinner" ("Like saint, like offering"). One must add that despite the high regard a
Macedonian has for his religious leaders, the pops, he did not shrink from making
fun of them when he thought it was necessary: "Give to priests, but don't ask for
anything", "A priest or a monk cannot give, as he only has two hands ─ one for
blessing, and the other for taking", "A priest who looks at your pocket, does not care
for people" (which is an allusion to pops' alleged stinginess), "Even if he were to
talk of nothing but God, the false priest will not be believed by anyone", "Don't
waste your breath promising anything to a priest or a monk, because they'll just take
it anyway", "The priest has a keen eye for the wine", "The debauchery of priests
ruins the people, just as bad workers ruin the fields and vineyards", etc.
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Bone Veličkovski
Some Macedonian proverbs may resemble puzzling riddles for those
unfamiliar with Macedonian customs and way of thinking. Here are two examples of
that kind: "Whoever steals a needle, will steal anything". What the proverb implies
is this: Anyone who accepts a task as insignificant as stealing a needle must be ready
for all the obstacles on his way to achieve his goal, or a man must accept the full
consequences of what he does willingly or knowingly; "Caught in a trap, the fox still
looked longingly at the chickens", which refers to a ruling passion strong as death,
or to one who looks regretfully back to things that are lost.
When studying Macedonian proverbs, one sees the same sentiment
sometimes expressed by different proverbs: "No one will give suck [breast milk] to a
baby who does not cry" ("The lame tongue gets nothing", "He that cannot ask cannot
live", "Dumb men get no land"). The proverbs imply that anyone who needs help
must ask for it. Again, "An empty sack cannot stand upright" ("Empty sacks will
never stand upright"; "Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus grows cold"). The
implication of these proverbs is that in order to have someone do something for you,
you must give him something in return.
No translation of any proverb, no matter how carefully done, can convey
the true form and charm of the original. This is especially true of Macedonian
proverbs since brevity and rhyme, which play a very important part in them, often
have to be sacrificed in translations. Despite that, 2,110 proverbs and folk sayings in
the first part of this book are classified alphabetically and accompanied by
explanations, sometimes with their closest English equivalents. In the Western
world, it is said that with the spread of education, the use of proverbs has lessened.
This cannot be said of all Macedonian proverbs, for the teaching of proverbs is not
only a part of the curriculum in Macedonian schools but there is hardly any
conversation without mentioning, or alluding to, a proverb.
Now some explanatory remarks about the problems of the type of proverbs
relevant to compilation of texts for scientific collections, to systematization of a
national stock of proverbs, to researchers of their history, variation and the
development of their social content and artistic forms, as well as to paremiologistscomparativists. 13 Actually, the term 'proverb-type' is seldom met in paremiological
literature and even more seldom its content is discussed, although through the
studies of systematizers of folk tales or other types of folklore, it might not be
difficult to define it. It is a set of national variants (on an international scale ─
multilingual equivalents) of a separate proverb. 14
13
Kazys Grigas, Problems Of The Type In The Comparative Study Of Proverbs, Vilnius, Institute of
Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, 2001.
14
A set is understood conditionally, as it is inconceivable to embrace absolutely all the past and the
present recordings of proverbs and the cases of their usage in the written language. When systematizing
proverbs and compiling their fundamental editions, the texts available in the depositories of manuscript
stocks and in the most important printed sources are usually used.
− 191 −
INTRODUCTION
In entire groups of the texts of proverbs the data of several levels often
interlace, repeating or concurring in some respects on the one hand, or retreating
from one another into separate directions on the other. Therefore, it is not easy to
distinguish stable indications in order to establish the end of one proverb and the
beginning of another one. In classifying proverbs and arranging them for
systematized publications, the solution of these questions varies. There appear
contradictions in theoretical studies, i.e. in the projects of systematizing the texts, in
the introductions of proverb publications, in articles. In several significant studies
paremiologists have discussed the type problem of proverb to some extent, and the
systematizing of proverbs in general, laying out the author's conception of the type
and the possibilities of classifying proverbs. 15
The famous American paremiologist Archer Taylor was the first to
introduce the term 'proverb-type'. In his book The Proverb, 16 published in 1931 and
recognized world-wide, he dealt with proverbs as an international phenomenon from
different aspects, using the examples from English, German, Latin, French works.
Referring to the proverb as a property of many national cultures, he called the
equivalents of the same saying expressed in one separate language or by means of
several tongues, 'the variants of the proverb', while a set of variants was called 'the
type'. Discussing the ways of variation Taylor indicated the diversity of some
specific details and the main features in proverbs, as well as in fairy-tales, ballads or
in other genres of folklore. They are linked by similarities, the locutions being
broadened either by duplicating analogues or adding contrasting elements or
changing obsolete and incomprehensible details.
The Finnish paremiologist Matti Kuusi stressed the significance of the
monographic analysis of separate, representative proverbs in 1957, and he referred
to the proverb as a set of variants, written down in different places and on different
periods. He drew attention on the groups of variants, which appear as primary or
secondary. 17 The analysis and comparison of equivalents, according to Kuusi, may
help in solving the problems of the origin of the image, evolution and social
functions of the proverb. In 1965 Kuusi presented the idea of a type-index of
international proverbs, 18 and in 1966 he suggested the main criteria and terms for
the analysis of the structure of the proverb. 19 He pointed out the components
shaping the proverb on three levels:
1) an idea;
15
Kazys Grigas, Problems Of The Type In The Comparative Study Of Proverbs, . . .
Archer Taylor, The Proverb, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1931.
17
Matti Kuusi, Parömiologische Betrachtungen, FF Communications, no. 172: 1-52, Helsinki, 1957, pp.
47-48.
18
Matti Kuusi, "Suum cuique", Proverbium, no. 1, Helsinki, 1965, pp. 11-14.
19
no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.
16
− 192 −
Bone Veličkovski
2) a structure; 20
3) a kernel.
Kuusi refers to the texts of different nations where the idea and the kernel
coincide as the variants of the same proverb. The texts linked by the common idea
and structure are suggested to be called equistructural synonymous proverbs; the
texts with the same structure, and having the adequate kernel of a message, but
expressing a different idea, might be called congruous proverbs. The article also
deals with the ways of developing the variants incorporating additional motives,
contaminative proverbs and compound proverbs are described. It is also shown that
in variants some elements appear to be comparatively stable, others are mobile.
A series of theoretical studies and issues of texts followed trying to explain
and to practically demonstrate the possibilities for systematizing proverbs. Russian
paremiologist Grigori Permiakov experimented on the theory of classification, Kuusi
reported his projects of the type-index of international proverbs, some polemic
observations were published by Estonian folklorist Arvo Krikmann and Latvian
paremiologist Elza Kokare.
While classifying proverbs of different nations, Permiakov did not pay
attention to whether they were international or not. He grouped the Russian
translations of proverbs of Oriental nations according to the logical-semiotic features
which, in addition, were made to agree with the so-called topical pairs. Having
analyzed different aspects of the structure of proverbs as the signs of conformable
situations or interrelations of things, 21 Permiakov applied his self-made scheme to
Bregel's "Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases of Oriental Nations" 22 and to other
textual issues. Four classes of situations or situational invariants, including the
existing and possible ways of generalization expressed in the form of a proverb, are
singled out in the system.
Dividing the bulk of the texts concurrently into two, Permiakov presented
them in two sections in his last edition of proverbs and proverbial phrases of
Oriental nations. Shaping groups make up the first section. Its essence is described
in the subtitle: "Proverbs and proverbial phrases of Oriental nations, arranged with
reference to the types of interrelations of things while inside them, by the means of
logic transformation". In the second section the texts are divided into subject groups.
Smaller sections in both parts are expressed by metatexts as well.
Kuusi criticized Permiakov's system, publishing his own projects of a typeindex of international proverbs. He pointed out that heterogeneous proverbs also fall
under types marked out according to Permiakov's system 23 and therefore to find a
20
S. Neumann suggested the term 'structure' used by M. Kuusi, taking into account the syntactic forms of
a sentence, to be replaced by the word 'formula', "Zur Terminologie der parömiologischen
Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 6, Helsinki, 1966, p.130.
21
Grigori Permiakov, Poslovitsy i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Moscow, 1979, p. 17.
22
Poslovitsy i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Somr. by Yu. Bregel, Moscow, 1971.
23
Matti Kuusi, "How Can a Type-index of International Proverbs Be Outlined?", Proverbium, no. 15,
Helsinki, 1970, pp. 473-476.
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INTRODUCTION
required proverb in Permiakov's system is as easy as to look for a needle in a
haystack. 24 In his projects M. Kuusi does not describe the structure of the whole
planned index (macrostructure), but provides the illustration of its basic sections
(microstructure). Taking into consideration the fact that every proverb consists of
the data of several levels and while searching for those stable on the universal scale,
Kuusi describes the type in one of his most elaborate projects referring to the
relations of binary opposition.
A. Krikmann stressed the presence of essential and complementary
meanings in these systems, as well as the fact that they assign sentence-shaped
descriptions to classifiable texts. 25 He also marked out some shortcomings and
questionable things referring the one and the other. The non-exhaustiveness of
semantic characteristics and the patterns of hierarchic systems caused the strongest
doubts. As Krikmann sees it, the poetic as well as the folkloristic sides of proverbs
suffer in both systems. Proverbs are not logical or philosophical statements but
phrases bearing figurative meaning. He says it is doubtful whether there is "any
ground to speak of proverbial meanings as "potentials" at all, beside those actual
meanings they have or have had in the tradition of concrete peoples, cultures, etc."
Proverbs are complicated structures, and the metatexts presented in the descriptions
of types are not capable of describing all the relations manifested in proverbs. If we
would try to compile an exhaustive description of a semantic structure, then this
description would turn out a complicated one beyond comprehension. However, it
would show clearly, that "the abstracting or generalizing of the proverb's semantic
description is nothing else than tearing a certain substructure or a particular relation
out of the total structure at the cost of severing its ties with the rest of it (i.e.,
neglecting all other semantic information)". Krikmann has noticed that many similar
units in Permiakov's work fall under different classes and that some classes repeat
the others. 26
E. Kokare has regarded Permiakov's system from the aspect of comparative
paremiology. She considers Permiakov's book as generally valuable and based on
strict criteria, though it does not escape criticism. As Kokare sees it, the titles of
sections and subsections in Permiakov's book are too abstract in many cases,
detached from the artistic generalizations of the proverbs having figurative
meanings. 27 Combining the two criteria (logical and linguistic) while grouping the
texts, Permiakov could not avoid repetition. She notices quite a few cases of the
same example falling under different sections. Too much attention is paid to the
modality of sentences; too many small subgroups are formed. Quite different
24
Matti Kuusi, "Towards an International Type-system of Proverbs", Proverbium, no. 19, Helsinki, 1972,
pp. 699-736.
25
Arvo Krikmann, "Some difficulties arising at semantic classifying of proverbs", Proverbium, no. 23,
Helsinki, 1974, pp. 865-879.
26
Ibid., p. 865.
27
Elza Kokare, "Teoria i praktika sravnitelnoi paremiologii", Folklor: Obraz i poeticheskoie slovo v
kontekste, Moscow, 1984, pp. 274-289.
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Bone Veličkovski
examples are attributed to the same type. The titles sometimes impose on specific
texts meanings which they do not possess. Here Kokare also discusses the question
of the content size of the type. She states that but entire types, including
synonymous proverbs and their variants, rather than separate variants of proverbs,
must be attached to the edition of comparative texts. 28 In the comparative study of
proverbs the national proverbs are compared to the ones of other nations. It also has
to be discussed the problem of the type, formulating the following criteria for the
ascertainment of the type:
1) The similarity of the syntactic and poetic structure;
2) The semantic adequacy of the image system.
The stability of some components of a pattern, for example that of syntactic
ones, is described by Kokare as relative, because different variants and equivalents
in the complex of the type are usually expressed by sentences of several models; the
data of other levels, i.e. the structure of the poetic image are more constant. As
Kokare states, the cases where proverbs of an adequate artistic pattern are used in
different meanings are very rare, though sometimes it is impossible to avoid the
attribution of the texts, expressed by the same motives of an image to different
types.
The problems of the ascertainment of the type are touched upon in some
aspects in theoretical articles. Hungarian paremiologist Vilmos Voigt, having
analyzed one proverb in the form of a questionnaire, has formulated the idea that the
meanings of the proverbs, expressed by completely adequate linguistic forms vary
noticeably. 29 Their situational functions also depend on the so-called situational
variants.
In one way or another, the abundance of articles on the analysis of the
structure of the proverb points to the problem of the type. For example, the
American folklorist Alan Dundes, searching for constant components in the
structure of the proverb, considers what the essential unit of the structural analysis
should be: an image, a meaning or a formula for the modeling of the proverb.
According to him, the latter might deserve the most consideration. 30 He drew
attention to the fact that in the texts ─ which consist of one descriptive element and
have only one topic and one comment ─ opposition is impossible. It demonstrates
the impossibility of Permiakov's and Kuusi's principle of referring to binary
antipodes that can be applied to all proverbs in the process of their classification.
A significant statement for the understanding of the type is found in D.
Burkhart-Chatzeeliades' article on the proverb as an example of the science of
communication and semiotics. She indicates that it is inexpedient to reject the
28
Ibid., p. 282.
Vilmos Voigt, "Variantenschichten eines ungarischen Proverbiums", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki,
1970, pp. 125-128.
30
Alan Dundes, "On the Structure of the Proverb", Proverbium, no. 25, Helsinki, 1975, pp. 961-973.
29
− 195 −
INTRODUCTION
classification indications of the sphere of realities, as it frequently occurred earlier. 31
The material has been provided by the reality of some social culture, settling the
essence of the micro and macro metaphors of proverbs. In this way the abovementioned idea of Permiakov's is indirectly discarded, according to which the
realities form an indifferent construction material in respect to classification.
The very first attempt to compile an exhaustive publication of proverbs
encounters the problem of the proverb as a complex of variants and their
international equivalents. Some compilers of proverb publications, e.g. the
Düringsfelds, 32 paid more attention to the idea that equivalents of the proverb render
texts expressed at times by very diverse images, while other compilers, e.g.
Wander, 33 gave preference to a formal criterion, observing the principle of the
allotment of the basic words only.
Kokare followed her own principle for the distinguishing of the type,
discussed in the earlier mentioned book of Latvian and Lithuanian proverbs. In it,
she joined synonymous proverbs into one common type. She gave preference to the
common idea rather than to the unity of the image structure. Therefore, besides the
types in which the discussed congeniality of the syntactic and poetic is more or less
sensed, there appear accumulations of texts, manifesting rather diverse and unrelated
poetic images.
In the information of the international symposium of paremiologists,
published in Proverbium no. 25 of 1975, compilers of national and regional
publications of proverbs are recommended to be guided by M. P. Tilley's, 34 V. J.
Whiting's 35 and S. Adalberg-J. Krzyzanowski's 36 systems of classification. In all
these issues complexes of variants, in which the essential elements of a poetic image
concur, are presented as independent proverbs. One common basic word is found for
every proverb (type); the types are allotted in the publication, considering the place
of the words in the alphabet of a corresponding language.
Because the collections published by Whiting and Tilley are not large, the
accumulations of texts comprising separate proverbs (types) are comparatively
simple. Texts in the types are arranged according to the chronology of sources.
Adalberg-Krzyzanowski's great publication of Polish proverbs and proverbial
31
Dagmar Burkhart-Chatzeeliades, "Das Sprichwort als Factum der Kommunikationswissenschaft und
der Semiotik", Proverbium, no. 2, Helsinki, 1981, pp. 141-172.
32
O. F. Düringsfeld, I.; Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen
Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875, Leipzig, 1875.
33
1876, 5/1880, Leipzig.
34
M. P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,
Michigan, 1950.
35
Proverbs, Sentences and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly Before 1500 by Barlett Jere
Whiting with the collaboration of Helen Wescott Whiting, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968.
36
Nowa ksiega przyslo'w i wyrazen przys lwiowych polskich, vol. I/ 1969, 2/1970, 3/1972, W oparciu o
dzielo Samuela Adalberga opracoval Zespol redakcyjny pod kierunkiem Juliana Krzyzanowskiego,
Warsaw.
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Bone Veličkovski
phrases, on the other hand, includes large groups of texts comprising separate
proverbs. They are divided into smaller sections, marked by the letters of the
alphabet; the texts in smaller divisions are marked chronologically. The functions of
the basic word are attributed to the words which are repeated in the texts most
frequently, although those lacking the basic word attributed to the whole proverb are
also attached.
The stocks of variants selected according to this principle, make up the
types of proverbs, though neither Adalberg in the 19th century, nor Krzyzanowski in
his recently compiled publication have used the term 'type'. True, as in every
systematic publication some disputable and questionable cases of binding and
detaching of texts occur here, but it has practically been impossible to avoid these
completely in any system of classification.
Proverbs are objects of folkloristics and Permiakov has described proverbs
as an object of research for linguists, folklorists and philosophers-logicians. 37 He
himself was mostly interested in the shaping of logical thought in proverbs. 38 At the
same time, it should be pointed out that he did not classify proverbs from the point
of view of folkloristics. That is why his method of systematization is unsuitable for
the research of proverbs as folklore phenomena. With certain reservations one could
say the same about the principle of systematization adapted to Kuusi's global index
of proverbs, undoubtedly valuable for researchers searching in the proverbs for the
ways of stylistic-structural modeling common to all nations, though not respecting
many other components of the structure of the proverb significant for folklorists.
The basis for Permiakov's as well as Kuusi's system is formed by the data from the
higher structural levels of the proverb.
From the beginning of folkloristics, researchers have mostly been interested
in traditional plots, characters as products of historical reality and social relations,
and which are formed by belief, customs, ethical and aesthetic views oriented to
those relations. Folkloristics evolved and developed as a science due to the process
of collecting, systematizing and studying of folklore heritage, using historic
memories preserved in the traditional, artistic and ritual word. For other sciences,
such as semiotics, linguistics, sociology, psychology, folklore is an auxiliary means,
a source of illustrative examples. The classification of folklore according to aspects
significant to them is very limited. Folkloristics in turn explores the origin and
development of folklore units, the problems of their ties to ethnic cultures, and
requires methods oriented towards their essence.
Though very different from other folklore genres in terms of function and
relation to social reality, proverbs are, first of all, phenomena of folklore. They are
traditional combinations of artistic words, their history reflects the development of
social and aesthetic thought, and they are closely related to biographies of various
37
Grigori Permiakov, "O logicheskom aspekte poslovits i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 10, Helsinki,
1968, pp. 225-235.
38
Grigori Permiakov, "O lingvisticheskom aspekte poslovits i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 11, Helsinki,
1968, pp. 276-285.
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INTRODUCTION
ethnicities and of larger cultural areas. And therefore, the folkloristic aspect proves
to be the most important for the systematization of proverbs.
Folklore ─ comprised of the major genres such as fairy-tales, legends,
songs, ballads ─ is narrative. The plot ─ being the most common component of
national variants and their international equivalents ─ is the kernel of a separate
piece of creation, the basic component of the artistic structure. While analyzing
textual variants by the comparative method, the deepest layers of the past are
revealed. The texts of common plots are presented in catalogues as types. The term
'type' was first applied in this meaning to the theoretical analysis of fairy-tales only,
later it was used for other narrative genres as well. The catalogues of narrative
folklore are most often called type catalogues and the international type numbers
introduced in them are convenient for comparative research.
For such small and common units as proverbs, it might be inexpedient to
introduce numeration, on an international scale, and on the other hand, the verbal
formulae of separate proverbs are not longer than a few words, which are easily
remembered and reveal the essence of the work. In the tradition of separate nations
quite a number of sayings, exceptionally national or common in very close
languages are used. International types might get lost among them. The main criteria
for distinguishing a type, however, must be as concrete, constant, and easily stated
as in the classification of other folklore genres.
Kuusi seems to have discussed and illustrated these elements most clearly
in the above-mentioned suggestions on the terms of paremiology; 39 however, for
some reasons he has ignored them in preparing the international index of types. He
states that the texts, related by the common idea and the kernel, must be understood
as variants of the same proverb. Consequently, they form the basic units of the type.
In his examples the kernel is the motif, common to all variants, forming a
corresponding metaphor in image-bearing proverbs and the constant argument of
non-artistic generalization in those is understood literally.
The idea, i.e. the thought expressed by artistic image or non-artistic
generalization in texts of the same verbal kernel is commonly the same. This is
determined by the amazing ability of a language as means for coding thoughts to
limit and regulate denotative and connotative meanings of words and their
combinations in corresponding contexts. It eliminates the danger of
misunderstanding in cases of the so-called free and constant combinations of words.
That is why in examples analyzed by Kuusi, the so-called congruent texts, i.e. those
of the same structure and kernel but expressing different ideas, are very scarce.
Synonymous proverbs are quite a different matter. The texts, linked by
common or similar ideas but having a different kernel, are frequent. As expressed
persuasively in Kuusi's examples, they do not form one and the same proverb. The
idea, subject and semantics are derivative, abstracted components of the structure of
39
no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.
− 198 −
Bone Veličkovski
the highest level. They become common traits when detached from a concrete
image.
The afore-mentioned compilers of the publications of texts perceived the
basic component shaping the proverb concurrently with Kuusi. The material itself
suggested for researchers who had worked individually to consider the proverb as an
accumulation of variants. Already in the 19th century this idea was nearly reached by
compilers of large publications, such as Wander, the author of the great collection of
German proverbs, 40 the Düringsfelds, the authors of the comparative edition of
German and Roman proverbs. 41 In recent decades the same principle of type shaping
has been consistently applied and corroborated by the Estonian compilers of
comparative collections and the national edition of texts. 42
The kernel of the image of the proverb is a phrase, being shaped by the
structure of verbal variants. It is a concrete and relatively stable unit accessible to
direct observation, and settling the organic unity of the image and the origin of the
statement. Words as codes of realities and abstract notions belong to the category of
lower levels of the structure. Words and their combinations form a concrete and
stable basis for the texts to be compared, paralleled and distinguished, i.e. to
organize the types of proverbs. The semantic data, for example, of those of higher
levels are derivative. Analyzers, researchers, and rather often the very users of
proverbs may interpret them differently, even in contradictory ways. Observing
them as the very criterion for systematization, it is impossible to avoid the danger of
diverse comprehension and ascription of the idea. They are too general and broad to
enable a description of type as an organic unity.
The experience of systematizing and studying of proverbs, and especially
the compiling of comparative editions of texts, demonstrate that the data on the
surface structure of texts repeat regularly or concur not only in national
(monolingual) but also in international (polylingual) types of proverbs. Common
motives in kindred languages and also in those belonging to different families are
created by using the same or similar realities and abstract notions, expressing lexical
equivalents. They are modeled with the help of sentences with analogous syntactical
constructions. The more widely the proverb has spread in different languages and
zones of culture, the greater number of variants, adaptations or regional versions of
it are created. However, the unity of the main components, settling the structure of
the image is, nevertheless, evident. It is proved in many cases by the notes,
explaining the meanings of artistic texts and situations of their usage, found in
collections.
40
1876, 5/1880, Leipzig.
41
I. Düringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen
Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig.
42
Vadja vanasõnad eesti, soome, karjala ja vene vastetega, Somr. by Vaina Mälk. Tallinn, 1976; Liivi
vanasõnad eesti, vadja ja läti vastetega, vol. 1-2, Somr. by Vaina Mälk, Tallinn, 1981; Eesti vanasõnad,
vol. 1/1980, 2/1983, 3/1985, Tallinn, 1985.
− 199 −
INTRODUCTION
Quite a clear concept of the type structure of popular international proverbs
can be formed observing the Düringsfelds' comparative edition, in which a number
of equivalents in Romanic and Germanic languages have been paralleled. 43 In order
to elaborate on this idea, in the following the structure of an international and
particularly old proverb is described. The proverb is: "He that digs a pit for another,
falls himself into it". It is referred to in the Bible. All European nations know its
equivalents and the Far East is also aware of it. The kernel of the proverb consists of
the themes of the digging of the pit and the digger himself falling in. There is a
variant of it, where only the first component (he/she digs a pit for somebody) is
used. It also joins in the structure of the type organically. The unity of the idea of the
equivalents is convincingly expressed by the context in the Bible or in some other
sources if used in any other coherent narrative. The unity of the kernel of the image
in all versions is evident. The idea of different versions, combining the motifs,
implies that only the theme of digging a pit merges. The only difference is that the
component of the digging of the pit is perceived more as an artistic argument while
that of falling into it is understood as an artistic generalization or warning. In
general, while dealing with versions expressed in a different way and by different
types of sentences, we also perceive the adequate differences of modality of
statements, coded by them, and their dependence on the linguistic context and
extralinguistic situations in turn.
While observing the correlation of equivalents, it is possible to guess some
peculiarities of the external structure determined by historic development and ethnic
environment. The fact that one version has got the largest amount of equivalents in
European languages, gives rise to the thought, that its linguistic model may be the
fundamental and the oldest one. Not all versions have become popular to the same
extent in different languages.
If the kernel of the image is understood as the fundamental component of
the structure of the proverb, and only those texts in which the kernel is repeated are
called the proverb's variants and equivalents, then it is inexpedient to supplement the
type composition with proverbs expressed by other ─ though similar ─ motifs.
Therefore, the texts having the motif of digging a pit are distinguished from those in
which the same idea is expressed by, for example, the images of setting a trap or a
snare: "He that sets a snare for another, falls himself into it". Its equivalents are also
found in many European languages, including the Macedonian examples.44
Both complexes of equivalents and variants, though close on the level of
semantics, function independently from the oldest times. Their images, bearing
various realities and notions, were often used in parallel ways in the same language.
They cannot be referred to as two modulations of the same image, because different
metaphors have been applied to them. Expressing the same idea, they can serve as
43
I. Düringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwörter der germanischen und romanischen
Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig.
44
For that purpose see the following examples in the first part of this book: 666, 846, 1223 and 1248.
− 200 −
Bone Veličkovski
substitutes but one never repeats the image motifs of the other. Therefore, it will
come in very handy to indicate the ties of semantics of both types in the system
classification but there are no reasons to join them into one common type.
In conclusion could be said the following:
1. The study of the type as the basic unit is one of the first stages in the
compilation of the scientific collections of proverbs or their comparative research.
The exact comprehensions of the basic component of the structure of the proverb,
the consistent reference to its data are the conditions determining the scientific value
of the activity. The component which forms the proverb as an autonomous unit and
enables us to single it out from other proverbs, is the kernel of the artistic image,
while in the expressions which have maintained their direct meaning, it is the logical
combination of notions. Its essence is judged by the verbal structure of the text.
2. Defining the interaction of the other components and the kernel in his
theoretical article on the terms of the structure of proverbs M. Kuusi realized the
kernel to be the most important component, forming the type. Knowing well the
material to be systematized, the compilers of the best scientific collections
considered the kernel to be the essential component of the proverb and referred to
them. The data is also used for the compilation of card-indexes of the stocks of
national proverbs. The importance of the kernel itself is revealed in the comparative
studies of separate proverbs.
3. Judging the type by the components belonging to higher structural levels,
it is inevitable that researchers are lost in the unlimited expanses of common traits
characteristic to proverbs. The content of the notion of the type becomes too
complicated, the expressions, even of the diverse origin, acquire the status of
variants and equivalents. Therefore, the analyzer is obliged to refer to the unity of
meanings and idea if the data exceed the bounds of the unity of the kernel of the
image.
The systematization of the texts always presents some doubtful and obscure
cases. The difficulties arise while observing the interlaced motives of the kernel,
which are characteristic of diverse types of proverbs, confronting the contamination,
the elaboration which sometimes change the image of the proverb considerably.
Peripheral texts existing within the limit of two or several types come into being. All
this compels the analyzer to ascribe or delimit conditionally and, in addition, employ
references, combining two or more types. However, it does not diminish the
significance of the kernel of the message.
This is only an attempt to clarify some aspects of the problem on the
example of a single genre (proverbs) and a single notion (proverb type).
Paremiology and paremiography thus far have used primarily printed proverb
publications (and earlier manuscriptal collections) and/or archival manuscript
material as their sources. Not many nations boast extensive folkloric archives. Two
conceptions about the typological nature of proverbs have become dominant, partly
due to the nature of source material.
A Dictionary of English and Macedonian
equivalent proverbs
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
ABSENCE makes the heart grow fonder. Otsustvoto go tera srceto
posilno da qubi. Sim. Men are best loved farthest off.
ABSENCE sharpens love, presence strengthens it. Otsustvoto ja izostruva qubovta, a prisustvoto ja jakne. Var. O~i so o~i {to
nabrgo se viduaat i se miluvaat. (Cep. 1854).
Long ABSENT, soon forgotten. Negqani o~i brgu se zaboravet. (Kav.
2280). [~o o~i brgo ne vidat, }e zaboravat. (Nedeq. str. 185).
Cf. Out of SIGHT, out of mind.
The ABSENT are always in the wrong. Tie {to ne se tuka sekoga{ se
krivi. Sim. He is neither absent without fault, nor present without excuse.
ABUNDANCE, like want, ruins many. Izobilstvoto mnozina upropastilo.
Out of the ABUNDANCE of the heart the mouth speaketh. Od prepolnuvaweto na srceto zboruva ustata. (Matthew 12, 34 / Matej 12, 34;
Luke 6, 45 / Luka 6, 45). Var. [to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu
pokaùa i liceto. (MNU 6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa
bilo i vo mislata. (MNU 6865). [~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu
i na srce. (Kav. 3967). Out of the fullness of the heart the mouth speaks.
Cf. What the HEART thinks, the tongue speaks. [~o na srce, to i na
j'zik. (Kav. 3968).
There is no good ACCORD where every man would be a lord. Begaj od
ku}a kade mnozina se stopani. Cf. Where every man is MASTER the
world goes to wreck.
There is no ACCOUNTING for tastes. Za vkusovite ne se diskutira.
Sim. Everyone as they like best. Tastes differ. Cf. Every man to his TASTE.
ACORNS were good till bread was found. Dodeka lebot ne bil pronajden, dobri bile i èladite. Var. Koga nemat pile, arna e i
− 202 −
Bone Veličkovski
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
stra~ka. (Kav. 1470). Ne na{ol Grkot koko{ka, arna mu bila
(dosta mu bila) i stra~ka. (Kav. 2383). Od golema su{a samo gradot blagodaren ostanvit. (Kav. 2608). Deka nema do{ i grad e
dobar. (MNU 1547). Sim. If you have not a capon, feed on onion. They
that have no other meat, bread and butter are glad to eat. Better a mouse
(louse) in the pot than no flesh at all.
ACTIONS speak louder than words. Delata govorat pove}e od zborovite. Cf. DEEDS, not words.
When ADAM delved and Eve span, who was then the gentleman? Ako
site bea gazdi koj }e rabote{e?
If the ADDER could hear, and the blindworm could see, neither man nor
beast would ever go free. Ako ima{e Ku{a sre}a, }e ima{e i
opa{ka. (S.M.).
Much ADO about nothing. Mnogu vreva za ni{to. Var. @ito se melit, bra{no ne padinat (ne padvit). (Kav. 932). Sim. Much cry and
little wool.
ADVERSITY makes a man wise, not rich. Makata go u~i ~oveka na se'.
Neolata um davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321). Cf. EXPERIENCE is the mother of knowledge. EXPERIENCE is the best teacher. An ounce of PRACTICE is
worth a pound of precept.
A woman's ADVICE is no great thing, but he who won't take it is a fool.
Ponekoga{ i ènata treba da se poslu{a.
If you wish good ADVICE, consult an old man. Sekoj starec i znalec.
(P.D. 3183). Var. Toj {to ne slu{a postar }e ostanit prostak.
(MNU 6241). Kaj {to starite ne se slu{aat, i Gospod ne mu
daat. (MNU 2684). Cf. If the old DOG barks, he gives counsel. Staro
ku~e ko da lajt, trebit da vidi{ {~o e. (Kav. 3520).
When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. Dojde mu uma, koga si
otide kuma. (MNU 1731). Var. Koga dojde umo, ne go najde kumo.
(MNU 2919). Mu dojde umot, ama mu pojde kumot. (MNU 3884). Po
do`do ~umu ti e kla{eniko. (MNU 5073). Cf. When the HOUSE is
burned down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after
the horse has bolted. It is easy to be WISE after the event.
For AGE and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole
day. Beli pari za crni dni. (MNU 460, Kis. 32). Sim. Keep something
for him that rides on the white horse. Spare when you're young and spend
when you're old. Cf. Make ample PROVISION for old age. Keep SOMETHING
for a rainy day.
Old AGE is sickness of itself. Starost - gotova bolest. Sim. An old man
is a bed full of bones.
A lean AGREEMENT is better than a fat judgement. Podobro lo{a
spogodba otkolku nikakva nagodba. Var. Ednio edno rekol, drug
drugo i se pogodile. (MNU 1955). Ednio edno rekol i drugio il-
− 203 −
English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs
21.
22.
23.
24.
jado, i se pogodile. (MNU 1956).
Ill AIR slays sooner than the sword. J'zikot se~it poostro od sabja.
(Kav. 1323).
ALMOST and very (well) nigh saves many a lie. Toj {to veli moèbi,
polovina e laga. Cf. "They say so" is half a LIE.
ALMS never make poor. Koj mu dava na bedniot, ne trpi skudnost.
(Proverbs 28, 27 / Poslovici 28, 27). Var. Koj{to dava milostina,
mnogu brgu osiroma{uva. (MNU 2923).
It is not good that the man should be ALONE. Ne e dobro ~ovekot da
bide sam. (Genesis 2, 18 / Bitie 2, 18). Var. Bez èna, bez ku}a.
(@enata e predopredelena da si gi gleda i sureduva doma{nite raboti
i voop{to ku}ata; sledstveno: vo koja ku}a nema èna, taa ku}a ne
moè da se nare~e ku}a vo vistinskata smisla na zborot.). (MNU 431).
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Cf. A MAN without a wife is but half a man.
Woe to him that is ALONE. Te{ko na toj {to e sam.
He that serves at the ALTAR ought to live by the altar. Toj {to sluì
na oltarot, neka ostane pokraj nego.
He that doth AMISS may do well. Na gre{kite se u~ime.
Men are not ANGELS. Nikoj ne e angel (bezgre{en). Cf. Every MAN
has his faults. Var. Niedna ma~ka bez opa{ka.
ANGER cannot stand without a strong hand. Lutio ~oek et ordibozan
(pobednik, buntovnik). (MNU 3569). Sim. If you cannot bite, never
show your teeth. Lutio ~oek et turileke. (MNU 3570).
ANGER is a short madness. Lutinata et polojna ulav{tina. (MNU
3566). Var. Lutinata e polovina budal{tina. (P.D. 1715). Besot gla |init. (Kav. 238).
He that is ANGRY is seldom at ease. Lutio ~oek sam sebe se jadit.
(MNU 3571).
He that is ANGRY without a cause shall be pleased without amends. Koj
brgu se luti, brgu i }e se odluti.
A soft ANSWER turneth away wrath. Blagiot odgovor ja ublaùva
jarosta. (Proverbs 15, 1 / Poslovici 15, 1). Var. Blagata lakrdija
èlezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Blaga re~ èlezna vrata otvarat. (MNU 515). Parata èlezni vrata otvara i zatvara.
(MNU 4902). Slatkata re~ i èlezna vrata otvarat. (MNU
5829). Slatkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). Cf.
Good words cool more than cold water.
The ANVIL fears no blows. Nakovalnata ne se pla{i od udari. Var.
Voden od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav. 363).
When you are an ANVIL, hold you still; when you are a hammer, strike
your fill. Ako si nakovalna, drì se dobro, ako si ~ekan mavaj
u{te podobro.
An APE's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be clad in silk or scar-
− 204 −
Bone Veličkovski
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
let. I penot e ubav ko da e promenat i na}iten, ama pak si e pen.
(Kav. 1243). Cf. An ASS is but an ass, though laden with gold. Var. Magareto si e magare pa makar noselo pari so tovari.
APPEARANCES are deceptive. Izgledot laè. Var. Ozgora mazno,
ozdola azno. (@ena so vo{ki vo glavata.). (Cep. 1825). Odgore mazno, (a) oddolu azno. (Nadvore{nosta mu e prekrasna, no vnatre{nosta mu e sosem rasipana.). (MNU 4552). Appearances are deceiving.
Never judge from APPEARANCES. Ne sudete po nadvore{niot izgled.
(John 7, 24 / Jovan 7, 24). Cf. Under a ragged COAT lies wisdom. Var.
Pod skinatite ali{ta leì mudrosta.
APPETITE comes with eating. Apetitot doa|a so jadeweto. Var.
I{~av se otvorat so jadeweto. (Kav. 1272). Sim. Eating and scratching wants but a beginning.
An APPLE never falls far from the tree. Kru{a pod kru{a padinat.
(Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e bidat ~edata.). (MNU 3324). Cf. A CHIP
off the old block.
The rotten APPLE injures its neighbours. Edno skapano jabolko, }e gi
rasipe drugite. Var. Edna krasta koza celo stado (cel buquk) }e
okrastajt. (Kav. 829).
Seldom APPLES outwardly fair, ashes at the core. [uplivite jabolki
pocrveni set od zdravite. (MNU 6931).
APRIL rains for men; May, for beasts. Vo mart edna àba da se izmo~a ima air. Var. Majska rosa sekoja kapka i florin. (Kav.
1901). Majski do`xoj pla{~et borxoj. (Kav. 1902). April rains for
corn; May, for grass. A dry March, wet April and cool May, fill barn and
cellar and bring much hay.
Every man is the ARCHITECT of his own fortune. Sekoj e kova~ na svojata sudbina. (P.D. 3166).
An ARMY of stags led by a lion would be more formidable than one of
lions led by a stag. Cela surija goveda vodena od lav e posilna,
otkolku edna vojska vodena od govedo.
An ARROW shot upright falls on the shooter's head. Koj frla kamen
naugore, na glava mu pa|a. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 25 / Sirah 27, 25). Var.
Koj pquvat naugore, (nemu) pqunkite mu padvet na liceto.
(MNU 3080). Sim. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom.
Cf. Who SPITS against the wind, it falls in his face. Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079).
ART has no enemy but ignorance. Zanaetot najmnogu trpi od neznaeweto. Sim. Science has no enemy but the ignorant.
ART improves nature. Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487). Cf.
NURTURE passes nature.
ART is long and life is short. @ivotot e kratok, a umetnosta - ve~na.
− 205 −
50.
51.
52.
(P.D. 991). He who has an ART has everywhere a part. Var. Zanaet ‡
kanaet. (Kis. 29). Who has a trade, has a share everywhere.
ASK, and it shall be given you. Barajte i }e najdete. (Matthew 7, 7 /
Matej 7, 7).
He that cannot ASK cannot live. Koj ne moè da bara, ne moè da
ìvee. Var. Baraj ako saka{ da dobie{. (P.D. 228).
Nothing is lost for ASKING. Za pra{uvawe pari ne se zemaat. Var.
Koj pita, ne skita. (MNU 3078). So opitvane duri Stambol se
odit. (MNU 5921). So pra{ajne i Stambol se nao|at. (Koga ne
znae{ ne{to, sovetuvaj se so poumnite i pove{tite lu|e; za{to kolku i da e te{ko ne{to, preku sovetite na mudri lu|e moè da se
nau~i.). (MNU 5932). So pra{uewe duri v Stambol oj{. (MNU
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
5933).
An ASS endures his burden, but not more than his burden. Ponisko
tovari, povisoko pej. (Kav. 2984). Sim. It is not the burden, but the
overburden that kills the beast. Cf. Take no more on you than you're able to
BEAR.
An ASS in a lion's skin. Volk vo ov~a koà. (P.D. 518).
An ASS is but an ass, though laden with gold. Magare i na axilak da
ojt, pak magare }e si ostanit, (}e si bidit.). (Kav. 1896). Var. Magareto si e magare, makar i zlato da nosi. (S.M.). Cf. An APE's an
ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be clad in silk or scarlet.
An ASS must be tied where the master will have him. Vrzi go kowot
kade{to }e ti kaè gazdata.
Better ride on an ASS that carries me than a horse that throws me. Podobro e da java{ magare {to }e te nosi otkolku kow {to }e te
frli. Var. Magare vjaaj, kow fali. (MNU 3584).
Did you ever hear an ASS play on a harp? Magare i (voena) muzika!
(B.D.). Sim. A sow to a fiddle.
He that cannot beat the ASS beats the saddle. Ne moìt na magareto,
na samarot. (Kis. 15). Var. Ako na magareto ne moè da udre, na
samaro }e udre. (MNU 104). Ne moìt na magareto, go bie samaro. (MNU 4306). Ne moìt na magareto, na samarot. (MNU
4307). Ne mojt na magareto - na samarot. (MNU 4309). Se naquti na magareto, (a) se natu{i na samarot. (Koga nekoj, navreden
od drug, posilen od nego, ne moè da mu se odmazdi nemu, mu se odmazduva
na tret, poslab makar i nevin.). (MNU 5656). He that cannot beat the
60.
horse beats the saddle.
If an ASS goes a-travelling, he'll not come home a horse. Magare pojde,
i magare si dojde. (Cep. 4565). Var. Never went out ass and came home
horse. Sim. He that sends a fool expects one. Send a fool to the market (far,
to France) and a fool he will return again. How much the fool who goes to
Rome excels the fool who stays at home.
− 206 −
Bone Veličkovski
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
One ASS scrubs another. Eden {ugav kow ~e{a drug.
The ASS loaded with gold still eats thistles. Magareto go viknale na
svadba da nosi voda.
'Tis a sorry ASS that will not bear his own burden. Te{ko na toa magare {to ne moè da si go nosi svojot tovar.
When all men say you are an ASS, it is time to bray. Koga site }e ti
re~at magare si, vreme e da po~ne{ da rika{. Sim. If one, or three
tell you, you are an ass, put on a bridle (tail). What everybody says must be
true.
When an ASS kicks you, never tell it. Da me ritne nekoj at ne me bole,
a da me ritne nekoe krivo magare, ne mo`' da go trpam. (MNU
1411).
You go to an ASS for wool. Pod volot bara tele. (Kav. 2934). Var.
Pod volot tele ne se barat. (Kav. 2935). Sim. Look not for musk in a
dog's kennel.
He that washes an ASS 's head loses both his lye (soap) and his labour.
Koj go mie magareto, naprazno si go tro{i sapunot i trudot.
If my AUNT had been a man, she'd have been my uncle. Ako bide baba
moma, ponapred dedo }e bide ergenin. (Ako edna nevozmo`na rabota
moè da se ostvari toga{ druga sli~na na nea }e moè da se ostvari polesno.). (MNU 21).
B
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
BACCHUS hath drowned more men than Neptune. Poj}e se udajle v
~a{a, otkolku v more. (Kav. 3050). Var. Poj}e umrele od jadewe i
pijawe, odo{~o od glad i èd. (Kav. 2950a). Poe}e lu|e umiraat
od preaduawe odo{to od gladuawe. (MNU 5085). Grobi{~a od
glad nemat. (Kav. 566).
He would fall on his BACK and break his nose. Da padnit na ple{~i,
noson }e go skr{it. (Kav. 641). Sim. An unfortunate man would be
drowned in a tea-cup.
Nothing so BAD but it might have been worse. Od lo{o imat polo{o.
(Kav. 2663).
Nothing so BAD in which there is not something of good. Sekoe zlo za
dobro. (Kav. 3217). Var. Nothing but is good for something. Sim. No great
loss but some small profit. Cf. ILL LUCK is good for something.
As you BAKE, so shall you eat. Kako si solil, taka }e srka{. (MNU
2784). Var. Kako {to drobil taka }e srka. (MNU 2806). Kak' }e
soli{, tak' }e jadi{. (MNU 2819). [~o }e zdrobi{, }e si srka{.
(Kis. 20). As they brew, so let them bake. Cf. As you make your BED, so
you must lie on it. As they BREW, so let them drink.
Make not a BALK of good ground. Dobra zemja ne se ostava neorana.
− 207 −
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
A BARBER learns to shave by shaving fools. Berberot na ludiot se
u~i da bri~i.
BE what you would seem to be. Bidi toa {to si, a ne toa {to misli{ deka si. Var. Be what you seem, and seem what you are.
BEADS about the neck and the devil in the heart. Na lice svetec, na
srce v'lk. (Kav. 2161). Var. The beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. Cf. The CROSS on his breast and the devil in his heart. Edno na
srceto, drugo na jazikot. (MNU 1966). Vo zborot go gleda{
blag, a vo srceto lukav. (MNU 877). So ustata med i maslo
(leit), a vo srceto (poln e so) pelin i strav. (MNU 5981).
A BEAN in liberty is better than a comfit in prison. Leb i sol da jadam
samo sloboda da imam. Sim. Liberty is more worth than gold. Lean liberty
is better than fat slavery.
BEAR and forbear. Trpenie spasenie. (Nedeq. str. 192). Var. Trpe`
mu e majkata. (Kav. 3656). Ako trpi{, ko beg }e ìvej{. (Kav.
134).
Call the BEAR 'uncle' till you are safe across the bridge. Vikaj na vukot
"vujko", dodeka si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Var. I na sviwata
}e i' re~i{ vujko (ili striko), duri da si pomini{ mostot.
(MNU 2486). Kaì na sviwata "vujko", dodeka da zamine{ mosto. (MNU 2644). Pokori mu se (pokloni mu se) na |aolot, duri da
go pomini{ mostot. (Kav. 2961). Potkadi go |avolot duri da go
mine{ mostot. (P.D. 2822). Sim. Once on shore, we pray no more. The
river past and God forgotten. Cf. The DANGER past and God forgotten.
Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught him. Ribata vo
more, klal tavata na ogon. (MNU 5392). Var. Z'jakot v planina, a
toj r'èn gotvit. (Kav. 1105). U{~e z'jakot nefaten izdelkal
r'èn. (Kav. 3791). Sim. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Never fry fish till it's caught.
Cf. Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. Do not count your CHICKENS
before they are hatched. It is not good praising a FORD till a man be over.
Take no more on you than you're able to BEAR. Ne zemaj pove}e
otkolku {to moè{ da nosi{. Var. Kolku ti e pokrovot, tolku
pu{~i si i nozete. (Spored materijalnata sostojba pravi si gi i
tro{ocite.). (MNU 3246). Pruì si nozete sproti jorgano.
(MNU 5276). Pu{~i si noyete kolku ti e pokrivot. (Tro{i, pravi saltanati ne pove}e otkolku {to ti dozvoluvaat materijalnite
sredstva.). (MNU 5303). Cf. An ASS endures his burden, but not more than
83.
his burden.
If the BEARD were all, the goat might preach. I pr~ot ima brada. (Ozna~uva star, no neumen ~ovek.). (MNU 2511). Var. I pr~on brada imat. (Kav. 1250). I ma~orokon imat musta}i. (Kav. 1207). Koga
nemat glaa, ~umu mu e brada? (Bezumniot ~ovek ne moè da go ukrasi
− 208 −
Bone Veličkovski
nikakva nadvore{na i telesna ukraska.). (MNU 2932). Bradata arno
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
ja ima bela, tuku glaata ja ima zelena. (MNU 614). Bradata mu
siva, glavata mu diva. (MNU 615). Cf. The BRAINS don't lie in the
beard.
It is not the BEARD that makes the philosopher. [~o mu treba brada,
koga nema um u glavata. (MNU 6957). Var. Zer deka ima brada, da
itar saka da se kaì. (MNU 2304).
BEAUTY carries its dower in its face. Liceto go prodaa devoj~eto.
(MNU 3515). Var. Li~nata moma so li~otata se prodaa. (MNU
3519). Lice pice prodava. (B.D.). Sim. A fair face is half a portion.
BEAUTY fades like a flower. Ubavinata ne se jade. Sim. Beauty is but a
blossom.
As you make your BED, so you must lie on it. Kako si poslal, taka }e
si legni{. (Spored delata {to si gi storil na ovoj svet prez ìvotta,
takva nagrada }e dobie{ od boga po svojata smrt.). (MNU 2783). Var.
Koj kak postele, taka i legnuve. (MNU 3031). Sim. As they brew, so
let them bake. Cf. As you BAKE, so shall you eat. As they BREW, so let them
drink.
Better go to BED supperless than to rise in debt. Poarno i bez ve~era
da legni{, otkolku bor~lija da stani{. (Kav. 2892).
Early to BED and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.
Koj{to rano stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199). Var. Koj{to
rano stanua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Koj rano stanvit, vesel stanvit. (Kav. 1656). Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava.
(MNU 3198). Koj rano ru~at i mlad se oènit, ne }e se kajt.
(Kav. 1655).
Who goes to BED supperless, all night tumbles and tosses. Koj legnuva
bez ve~era, cela no} se prevrtuva i jadewe sonuva.
BEES that have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails. Vo jaziko med nosi p~elata, a na gazo (odzadi) otrua~ka. (Cep. 2709 i
365).
Better BEG than steal. Poarno e da prosi{ otkolku da krade{.
The BEGGAR may sing before the thief. Na prosjakot liceto mu e
crno, a torbata mu e puna. (MNU 4087). Sim. A beggar can never be
bankrupt. Cf. No NAKED man is sought after to be rifled.
A BEGGAR's purse is bottomless. Pita~kata torba nikoga{ ne e
polna. (P.D. 2667). Var. A beggar's purse is always empty. A beggar's
scrip is never filled.
Better never to BEGIN than never to make an end. Rabotata {to }e
vati{, krajot da i' go misli{. (MNU 5324). Sim. Let him that beginneth the song make an end.
Good to BEGIN well, better to end well. Dobar po~etok, podobar
svr{etok.
− 209 −
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
A bad BEGINNING, a bad ending. Lo{o po~nato, lo{o zavr{eno.
A good BEGINNING makes a good ending. Po~etokot e polovina od
sekoja rabota. (P.D. 2831). Var. Koj arno zafa{~at, arno }e bitisat. (Kav. 1514).
Every BEGINNING is hard. Sekoj po~etok e teòk. (P.D. 3176). Var.
Sekoe zafa{~awe e te{ko. (Kav. 3216). Koj ne }e po~nit, ne }e
svr{it. (MNU 3054). Var. All beginnings are hard (difficult). Cf. It is
the first STEP that is difficult.
Well BEGUN is half done. Po~etokot e polovina od sekoja rabota.
(P.D. 2831). Var. Koj arno zafa{~at, polojna rabota bitisvit.
(Kav. 1515). Sim. The first blow is half the battle.
BELIEVE nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see.
Poarno et da si verua{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i re~oi. (MNU
5035). Var. Koj {~o }e re~it slu{aj, od svojot um ne deli se.
(Kav. 1694).
We soon BELIEVE what we desire. Lu|eto lesno veruvaat vo toa {to
go sakaat. (P.D. 1703). Var. ^vek vervit vo {~o mu se sakat. (Kav.
3849). Koj {~o sakat, to mu se slu{at. (Kav. 1693). ôek verua
toa {to poe}e mu se sakat. (MNU 6751).
A cracked BELL can never sound well. Puknato grne m'~no se lepit
(nikako ne se lepit). (Kav. 3078).
A BELLY full of gluttony will never study willingly. Poln stomak ne
raboti. Sim. Fat paunches have lean pates.
Better BELLY burst than good meat lost. Od }elepur manxa stomak ne
puknuva.
He whose BELLY is full believes not him who is fasting. Sit gladen ne
veruva. (MNU 5796). Var. Sitiot gladnego ne vervit (oti e
gladen). (Bogatite ne veruvaat i ne znaat kakvi maki tegnat siromasite od siroma{tijata, pa i ne gi soàluvaat. Za toa ima i prikaska.). (MNU 5807). Cf. Little knows the FAT man (sow) what the lean
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
does mean.
His BELLY cries cupboard. Gladnata koko{ka proso sonuva. (MNU
1083).
The BELLY wants ears. Gladni o~i ne zaspivaat. (MNU 1085). Var.
Hungry bellies have no ears.
A BELLYFUL is a bellyful, whether it be meat or drink. Gladen kow
matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). Var. Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani
jajt. (MNU 1084).
Better BEND than break. Staro sum drvo, ama i kako nof obru~ se
vitkam. (Nedeq. str. 189). Cf. All that SHAKES falls not.
A good BESTIR is worth a groat. Koj raboti, }e zaraboti.
If BETTER were within, better would come out. Od dobroto, dobro
− 210 −
Bone Veličkovski
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
izleguva.
The BETTER-natured, the sooner undone. Dobriot (~ovek) prilega na
budaliot.
A BIRD in the hand is worth two in the bush. Podobro da ima{ ne{to
o{to da nema{ ni{to. (MNU 5072). Var. Poaren si da ima{ edno
vrap~e v raka odo{to sto da letaat. (MNU 5042). Sim. A feather
in hand is better than a bird in the air. Better a fowl in hand nor two flying.
Poarno staromu pod bradata (da si) od {~o mladomu pod
streata. (Za mladi èni ili momi {to se omaìle za stari maì ili
vdovci.). (MNU 5043). Poarno deneska da mi dai{ leb i sol
odo{to utre leb i {e}er. (MNU 5026).
Each BIRD loves to hear himself sing. Sekoj na svoeto si e ubav. (P.D.
3171). Var. Sekoj sam se bendisal. (MNU 5616). ôekot ako sam ne
se bendisa{e, sam sebe }e se ubie{e. (MNU 6759).
It is an ill BIRD that fouls its own nest. Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto gnezdo. Cf. When the PIG has had a belly full, it upsets the
trough. Var. Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto.
(Kav. 1755). Sviwata koga }e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto.
Such BIRD, such egg. Kakva ptica, takvi jajca. Var. [~o ma~ka
stralo, toa glusci loalo. (Kakvi bile roditelite, i kakvi ~eda
rodile, takvi }e bidat i tie.). (MNU 6956). Kakov mu et umot,
takov mu et i domot. (MNU 2706). Sim. An evil crow, an evil egg.
Like crow, like egg.
The BIRD is known by his note. Sekoja ptica se poznava po glasot.
Cf. The BIRD is known by his note, the man by his words.
The BIRD is known by his note, the man by his words. Pticata se poznava po glasot, a ~ovekot po zborot. Cf. The BIRD is known by his note.
The BIRD loves her nest. Sekoe pilence si go miluva svoeto gnezdence. Var. Na sekoe rap~e svoeto sedelo mu e milo. (Kav. 2201).
Every bird likes his own nest best.
The early BIRD catches the worm. Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352).
Thou art a bitter BIRD, said the raven to the starling. Se posmeal
'rbol na {~rbol. (MNU 5680). Var. Se posmeal ~erepot na
{utarot. (Se udavil vo vini, a obvinuva drug, kaj kogo zabeleàl nekoja mala pogre{ka.). (MNU 5681). Se posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682). Sim. The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burntarse). The pot calls the kettle black. Cf. The FRYING-PAN said to the kettle,
"Avaunt, black brows!"
BIRDS of a feather flock together. Sekoja ptica so svoeto jato si leta. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 9 / Sirah 27, 9). Var. Pticite od istiot
rod, ~esto letaat zaedno. (P.D. 2917). Sim. Likeness causes liking.
Cf. LIKE will to like.
There are no BIRDS of this year in last year's nests. Na lancko og-
− 211 −
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
ni{te ogon ne baraj. (MNU 4037).
Great BIRTH is a very poor dish at table. Deneska o-ho-ho, utre oh i
oh. (MNU 1586).
Take the BIT and the buffet with it. Ako go pu{ti{ pod krevet, }e ti
se ka~i na krevet.
The hasty BITCH brings forth blind whelps. Brzata ku~ka slepi gi
ra`da. (MNU 642). Var. Brzata ku~ka slepi kutriwa ra|a.
(MNU 643). Brzata ku~ka slepi~i{ta (ili slepi) ku~iwa
ra`dat. (MNU 644). Poleka, da daleko; ne brzaj, oti brzata
ku~ka slepi ku~iwa ra|a. (MNU 5115). Cf. HASTE makes waste. Too
HASTY burned his lips.
BLAB is wist and out it must. [to na du{a toa na gu{a.
He that is a BLAB is a scab. Falba e r|a. (MNU 6600). Var. Falbata
e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok, svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601).
Two BLACKS do not make a white. Dve crni ne pravat edno belo.
A BLIND man may sometimes hit the mark. I }orata koko{ka mojt da
najt zrno. (Kav. 1264). Sim. A blind man may perchance catch the hare
(crow).
A BLIND man will not thank you for a looking-glass. Na slep (na }or)
sve{~a ne se dat. (Kav. 2210). Var. Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit.
(Kav. 2231). A blind man has no need of a looking-glass.
BLIND men should judge no colours. Na slepjot (na }orjot) i denot i
no}ta mu se edno. (Kav. 2209).
If the BLIND lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch. Ako slepec
vodi slepec, obata }e padnat vo jama. (Matthew 15, 14 / Matej 15,
14). Var. Slep slepca vodit. (MNU 5840).
There's none so BLIND as those who will not see. Nema poslep od toj
{to ne saka da vidi. Var. None so blind as those who won't see.
BLOOD is thicker than water. Krvta voda ne se ~init. (MNU 3293).
Var. Krvta voda ne se prajt. (Kav. 1771). Krvta voda ne biduva.
(P.D. 1619). Blood is not water.
You cannot get BLOOD from a stone. Od kamen krv ne se pu{ta. Var.
You cannot get milk (water) from a stone. Kamen da stisne, voda }e
pu{ti. (P.D. 1420). Od vo{ka remen ne se prajt. (Kav. 2603).
Great BOAST and small roast makes unsavoury mouths. Na prefaleni
jagodi ne odi sos golema ko{nica. (MNU 4084). Var. Na faleni
j'gotki (koga odi{), so prazni ko{nici (se vra{~a{). (Kaj {to
davaat golemi vetuvawa, tamu ~esto nema uspeh.). (MNU 4156).
A little BODY often harbours a great soul. Peda ~ovek - lakot brada.
(MNU 4934).
The nearer the BONE, the sweeter the flesh. Mesoto e poslatko do
− 212 −
Bone Veličkovski
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
koskata.
What is bred in the BONE will not out of the flesh. [to ima vo koskata, }e ima i vo mesoto. Var. Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto.
(MNU 2691). Sim. Though you cast out nature with a fork, it will still return. Like father, like son. Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352).
Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e bidat
~edata.). (MNU 3324).
As soon as a man is BORN he begins to die. Deneska ~oek se rodi i
grop mu se otvori. (Nedeq. str. 183). Sim. It is as natural to die as to
be born. Our lives are but our marches to the grave.
He that is once BORN, once must die. Koj se ro`xat i umirat. (Kav.
1673). Cf. All that LIVES must die. All MEN are mortal.
The BORROWER is servant to the lender. Dol`nikot e sluga na pozajmuva~ot. (Proverbs 22, 7 / Poslovici 22, 7).
He that goes a-BORROWING, goes a-sorrowing. Davalec - pitalec.
(MNU 1308). Var. Davalec, pitalec, na vratata driskalec.
(MNU 1309). Veresija, potresija, daj so race, baraj so noze. (MNU
737). Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738). Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739).
Cut not the BOUGH that thou standest upon. Ne ja se~i grankata na
koja sedi{. Var. Don't cut the bough you are standing on.
BOYS will be boys. Decata si se deca.
Great BRAGGERS, little doers. Lesno e da se zborvit, ama te{ko e da
se rabotat. (Kav. 1841). Var. Lesno e da zborvi{, ama te{ko e da
stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav. 1842). So laf ne se pravi pilaf. They
brag most that can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast
and little roast. Much cry and little wool. Cf. The greatest TALKERS are the
least doers. A long TONGUE is a sign of a short hand.
The BRAINS don't lie in the beard. Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). Cf. If the BEARD were all, the goat might preach.
The BRAYING of an ass does not reach heaven. Magareto so rikawe
mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU 3590). Cf. The PRAYERS
of the wicked won't prevail.
Dry BREAD at home is better than roast meat abroad. Suv leb da jadam
samo tu|ina da ne odam.
Dry BREAD is better with love than a fat capon with fear. Poarno e sol
i leb sos slatka lakrdija, a ne mnogu manxi sos lo{i lafove.
(MNU 5031). Var. Poarno lep i sol da jadi{ odo{to doma da se
kara{. (MNU 5039). Poarno suv leb so mir, otkolku pe~eno jagne
so kavga. (Kav. 2917). Sim. Better an egg in peace than an ox in war.
Eaten BREAD is soon forgotten. Se izede jadeweto, se zaboravi
druèweto. Sim. When good cheer is lacking, our friends will be packing.
Man cannot live by BREAD alone. ôvekot ne }e ìvee samo od leb.
(Matthew 4, 4 / Matej 4, 4; Luke 4, 4 / Luka 4, 4).
− 213 −
155.
156.
157.
Keep (Save) your BREATH to cool your broth (porridge). ûvaj go zdivot da go oladi{ lebot.
One man's BREATH another's death. Edni gubat drugi dobivaat. Var.
Duri ednemu ne mu se stemnit, drugemu ne mu se razdenvit. (Kav.
758). Sim. One man's loss is another man's gain.
As they BREW, so let them drink. Kako si solil (ili si drobil), taka }e srka{ (ili srkaj si). (Kako {to si pogre{il, taka i }e si podnese{ (ili podnesi si gi) posledicite od tvoite bezumni postapki.).
158.
159.
160.
(MNU 2784). Var. Kako {to drobil, taka neka srka. (MNU 2806).
Kak }e drobi{, tak }e jadi{. (MNU 2818). Kak }e soli{, tak' }e
jadi{. (MNU 2819). Sim. As they brew, so let them bake. Cf. As you BAKE,
so shall you eat. As you make your BED, so you must lie on it. Kako si
poslal, taka }e si legni{. (MNU 2783).
Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. U{~e nevidena rekata, 'i
slekol ga{~ite. (Kav. 3793). Var. U{~e v'lkot neviden, vikat po
ku~iwata. (Kav. 3790). Sim. Count not four, except you have them in the
wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Never fry fish till it's
caught. Cf. Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught him. Do not
count your CHICKENS before they are hatched. It is not good praising a FORD
till a man be over.
Let every man praise the BRIDGE he goes over. Koja mi mesi kola~e,
taja mi je tetka. (Nedeq. str. 185).
A new BROOM sweeps clean. Novata metla ~isto mete. (Kav. 2554).
Var. Novata metla dobro mete. (P.D. 2457). Novo sito na
klu~oi (obeseno). (Dodeka e nov, se trudi da se pokaè prgav, trudoqubiv i sposoben vo rabotata; no {tom }e ponavikne malku, }e si ja
pokaè seta lenivost i nesposobnost. Se upotrebuva obi~no za takvi
nevesti ili slugi.). (MNU 4473). Novo sito na kqu~ej. (Kav. 2560).
161.
162.
Novoto sito samo sejt. (Kav. 2561). New brooms sweep clean.
Good BROTH may be made in an old pot. Dobra ~orba vo staro grne.
Between two BROTHERS two witness and a notary. Koj ti iskopa
o~ite? - Brat mi. - Zatoa tolku globoko ti i iskopal. (Bli`niot
tvoj rodnina ili prijatel, ako ti stane neprijatel, moè da ti napakosti
mnogu pove}e od nadvore{nite i podale~nite tvoi neprijateli.). (MNU
163.
164.
3136).
BUILDING and marrying of children are great wasters. Koj ne prajl
ku}a i svadba, ni{to ne znait od vekov. (Cep. V, str. 35). Var. Duri majstorska tesla da ~ukni v ku}a, da posle }e vidi{ kolku
~init majstoro! (Cep. V, str. 35). Sim. Building is a sweet impoverishing.
He who BUILDS by the roadside has many masters. Koj gradi ku}a pokraj patot ima mnogu gospodari. Var. Ako go vati{ prijatel kamilxijata, brgo praj ja povisoko portata. (MNU 28). Sim. A house
− 214 −
Bone Veličkovski
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
built by the wayside is either too high or too low.
He bellows like a BULL, but is as weak as a bulrush. Ako dojdi redo da
go toara{, "vrap~e sum ti", veli; a pak ako mu re~i{: "e de, letni
de, koa si vrap~e!" - "e da kamila sum", ti veli. (MNU 33). Var. Se
tresela gora, se rodilo gluv~e.
Every man shall bear his own BURDEN. Sekoj }e go nosi svoeto
breme. (Galatians 6, 5 / Galatjani 6, 5).
BUSH natural; more hair than wit. Mnogu kosa, malku pamet. Sim.
Long hair and short wit. @enata e dolgokosna, (a) kusoumna. (MNU
2071). @enata et dolgokosa, a kratkouma. (MNU 2073).
One beats the BUSH and another catches the birds. Drug sadi drvoto,
drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). Var. Drug vade ko{~anite, a drug gi
jade. (MNU 1795). Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene mi se zbilo.
(MNU 1796). Drug zbira, drug }e jadit, {to ne spe~alil. (MNU
1797). Drug zbira stoka so maka, drug }e jadi bez maka. (MNU
1798). Drug zina, drug se pri~esti. (MNU 1799). Drug jadi jaguridata, drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug jadit nezdreloto, drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). Drug jajcata i izede,
drugemu ostanaa lupe{kite. (MNU 1801). Drug prai gre{kata,
drug trga xezata. (MNU 1809). Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira
rugata. (MNU 1807). Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata.
(Drug rabotel, a drug se polzuva od negoviot trud). (MNU 1808).
Sim. Little dogs start the hare, the great get her. Cf. The POOR man turns his
cake and another comes and takes it away. One SOWS and another reaps.
BUSINESS is business. So svoeto jadi, pi, davawe-zemawe ne praj.
(MNU 5942). Var. So svojot ~oek jadi, pij (ama) ala{-veri{ ne
~ini. (Interesot e vo sostojba da gi rasipe i najqubeznite odnosi
me|u najtesno svrzanite rodnini i prijateli; zaradi toa, za da izbegneme takvo nesakano rasipuvawe na qubov me|u nas i na{ite rodnini,
treba da sme pretpazlivi i da odbegnuvame sekakvi trgovski vrski, −
zemawe-davawe so niv.). (MNU 5944). So svojot ~oek jadi i pi,
170.
171.
ala{-veri{ ne praj. (MNU 5945). Dobri prijateli ama i dobri
esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687). Jadewe, piewe bratski, sirewe za pari. (MNU 2570). Bratstvo za bratstvo, sirewe za pari. (MNU 625). Ako sme bra}a }esiwata ne ni' se sestri. (Kav.
114). Brat za brata, sireweto so pari. (Kav. 273). Ni ku~iwa
badijava ne lajat. (Nedeq. str. 186). @abata na suvo ne kreka.
(Nedeq. str. 186). Gladna me~ka oro ne igra. (Nedeq. str. 186).
Sim. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.
The BUTCHER looked for his knife and it was in his mouth. Magare
vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne moè{ da
go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.) (MNU 3585). Cf. You look for the HORSE you
ride on.
They that have got good store of BUTTER may lay it thick on their
− 215 −
172.
bread. Ko na{ol E|uptinot poj}e mas, go nama~kal g'zot da mu
svetit. (Kav. 1726).
The BUYER needs a hundred eyes, the seller but one. Kupuva~ot treba
da otvori iljada o~i, a prodava~ot samo edno. Sim. Let the buyer
beware.
C
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
CABBAGE twice cooked is death. Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e drag.
(Nedeq. str. 189). Var. Mnozina imam prijateli, ama poe}e mi se
~a{a-dosti. (MNU 3788). Sekoj prijatel ti biduat za od tebe
koga da dobivat. (MNU 5613). Sim. Take heed of reconciled enemies
and of meat twice boiled. Cf. A broken FRIENDSHIP may be soldered, but will
never be sound.
Render unto CAESAR the things which are Caesar's. Podajte mu go
carevoto na carot, a Bo`joto na Boga! (Matthew 22, 21 / Matej, 22,
21; Mark 12, 17 / Marko 12, 17; Luke 20, 25 / Luka 20, 25). Sim. Every
man should take his own; Popu popovo, caru carevo. (P.D. 2810).
You cannot have your CAKE and eat it. I da stisne{ i da prdni{, ne
se mojt. (Kav. 1155).
It is easier for a CAMEL to go through the eye of a needle than it is for a
rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. Polesno i' e na kamilata
da (po)mine niz igleni u{i, otkolku na bogatiot da vleze vo
Bo`joto Carstvo. (Matthew 19, 24 / Matej 19, 24; Luke 18, 25 / Luka
18, 25).
The CAMEL going to seek horns lost his ears. Kamiqata pobarala rogoi, ta izgubila i u{ite. (Koj{to ne se zadovoluva so malo dobro,
{to ve}e go ima, ami bara pogolemo, koe ne go zasluùva, go gubi i ona
{to go ima.). (MNU 2837). Kamilata oti{la da traè rogove, ta
ostanala i bez u{i. (MNU 2836). Var. Sakae{tem ko{uta rogovi, ostana i bez u{i. (MNU 5440). Koj barat rogoi, }e zagubit i
u{ite. (Koj bara pove}e od ona {to go zasluùva, }e go zgubi i ona
{to go ima.). (MNU 2991). @abata videla, kak kovat, i ona si
podala nogata da (e) kovat. (MNU 2027). @abata videla m'skata k'de ja kojat, si potkrenala taa nogata (da ja potkojat).
(Slabite i nesposobni lu|e, koga gi gledaat mnogu pojakite od sebe
kako vr{at golemi i va`ni raboti ({to odgovaraat na nivnata sila
i sostojba), se napregaat kutrite da gi podraùvaat.). (MNU 2028).
178.
179.
A CANDLE lights others and consumes itself. Sve}ata im sveti na drugite, a se tro{i samata. Var. Iglata e gola, a cel svet go oblekuva.
It is sometimes good to hold a CANDLE to the devil. Na svetecot zapali mu edna sve{~a, (za da ti pomoìt); a na |aolot - dve, (za da ne
− 216 −
Bone Veličkovski
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
ti rasipit rabotata). (MNU 4099). Var. Pali mu sve}a i na
|aolot da ne ti prait pakos. (Cep. 1871). Sim. Give the devil his
due.
When the CANDLES are out, all women are fair. Koga }e se ugasi
sve}ata, site èni se isti.
Where the CARCASS is, there shall the eagles be gathered together. Kade
}e bide trupot, tamu orlite }e se sobiraat! (Matthew 24, 28 / Matej
24, 28; Luke 17, 37 / Luka 17, 37). Var. Wheresoever the carcass is, there
will the ravens be gathered together.
CARE and diligence bring luck. Griàta i rabotata nosat sre}a.
A creaking CART goes long on the wheels. Kolata {to krcka najdolgo
vozi. Sim. A creaking door hangs long on its hinges.
Don't put the CART before the horse. Ne se vpregnuva kow zad kola.
Var. Istr~al ko `drebe pred ruda. (Kav. 1259). Se zatr~al ko
`drebe pred kobila. (Kav. 4243). Ne istr~vi ko prle pred magarica. (Kav. 2311).
The best CART may overthrow. I najdobrata kola moè da se prevrti.
A CAT has nine lives. Ma~kata ima devet du{i. (MNU 3671).
A CAT in gloves catches no mice. Ma~ka so yvonec ne va}a glu{ec.
(MNU 3669).
A CAT may look at a king. Za gledawe pari ne se zema.
A scalded CAT fears cold water. Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na
m'{~ejnca. (Kav. 1670). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A burnt CHILD
dreads the fire. A scalded DOG fears cold water. He that has been bitten by
a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms.
Koj e k'snat od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU
3017).
That that comes of a CAT will catch mice. [~o ma~ka stralo, toa
glusci loalo. (Kakvi bile roditelite, i kakvi ~eda rodile, takvi }e
bidat i tie.). (MNU 6956). Sim. Cat after kind, good mouse-hunt. Cf. He
that comes of a HEN must scrape.
The CAT is hungry when a crust contents her. Gladen kow matna voda
ne gleda. (MNU 1075). Var. Gladen ~oek sui korki griza. (MNU
1078). Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt. (Gladot e najvkusnoto jadewe;
gladniot ne prebira {to da jade, ami jade {to }e najde.). (MNU 1084).
The CAT would eat fish and would not wet her feet. I ma~kana bi
fa{~ala rip~iwa, ama ne sakat da si 'i kvasit noyete. (Kav.
1206). Var. Voden gaz jadit ribi. (MNU 865). Vodeni ga}i jadat
ribi, a sui jadat piperki. (MNU 866). îsti race ne jadat
pe~eno prase. (MNU 6740).
When the CAT's away, the mice will play. Koga da ja nema doma
ma~kata, gluvcite oro si igraat. (MNU 2914). Var. Kaj {to ne-
− 217 −
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
mat ma~ka gluvcite barat pqa~ka. (MNU 2675).
All CATS are gray in the dark. No}e site ma~ki se crni. Var. All cats
are alike gray in the night.
Without CERES and Bacchus, Venus grows cold. Prazno vre{~e
prosto ne stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne moè ni da raboti ni da ìvee.).
(MNU 5215). Var. Gladen gaz ne prdi.
The CHAIN is no stronger than its weakest link. Ke je kno~ko se }init.
(Kav. 1408). Cf. The THREAD breaks where it is weakest.
CHARITY begins at home. Milosrdieto po~nuva od doma. Var. [to
treba doma ne se nosi v crkva. Sim. Love your friend, but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself.
CHARITY covers a multitude of sins. Milosrdieto pokriva mnogu
grevovi. (I Peter 4, 8 / I Petar 4, 8).
Who CHATTERS to you will chatter of you. Koj lo{o zboruva za drugite, }e zboruva isto i za tebe.
Those that eat CHERRIES with great persons shall have their eyes
squirted out with the stones. Koj sadi tikvi so |avolot od glava }e
mu se skr{at. Var. Eat peas with the king, and cherries with the beggar.
Sim. Share not pears with your master, either in jest or in earnest.
Take the CHESTNUTS out of the fire with the cat's paw. Lesno e da vadi{ kosteni od ogon so tu|a raka. Var. So ~u`xi r'ce lesno se
fa{~at vreno èlezo. (Kav. 3479). Sim. To take the nuts from the fire
with the dog's foot. Cf. It is good to strike the SERPENT's head with your
enemy's hand. So ~u`xi r'ce zmi se fa{~at (lojt). (Kav. 3478).
Do not count your CHICKENS before they are hatched. Ribata v more,
klal tavata na ognot. (MNU 5392). Sim. Never fry fish till it's caught.
Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you
are out of the wood. Cf. Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught
him. Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. It is not good praising a
FORD till a man be over.
A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na
m'{tejnca. (Kav. 1670). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT
fears cold water. A scalded DOG fears cold water. He that has been bitten by
a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms.
The CHILD says nothing, but what it heard by the fire. [to }e ~ujat
doma, decata kaùvaat nadvor. Sim. What children hear at home, soon
flies abroad.
Better CHILDREN weep than old men. Podobro e da pla~at decata
otkolku starcite. Sim. The man who has not been flogged is not educated. Cf. Spare the ROD and spoil the child. Koj go {tedi stapot go
rasipuva sinot.
CHILDREN and fools tell the truth. Decata kako i budalite ja
− 218 −
Bone Veličkovski
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
kaùvaat vistinata. Var. Children and fools cannot lie. Cf. DRUNKARDS
and fools cannot lie.
A CHIP off the old block. Delankata ne pa|a podaleku od trupot.
Var. Qu{~enkata ne padinat mnogu daleku od penot. (Kav.
1889). Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e
bidat ~edata.). (MNU 3324). Kru{ata pa|a pod kru{ata. (MNU
3325). Kru{ata si pa|a pod koreno. (MNU 3326). Sestra sestra
m'ìt. (Kav. 3306). Cf. An APPLE never falls far from the tree. Like
FATHER, like son. Like MOTHER, like daughter.
CHRISTMAS comes but once a year. Kataden Veligden ne biduat.
(MNU 2859). Var. Sekoj den Veligden ne biva. (MNU 5600). Cf.
Every DAY is not Sunday.
The nearer the CHURCH, the farther from God. Poblisku do crkvata,
podaleku od boga. (Kav. 2923). Var. Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e
drag. (Nedeq. str. 189). Sim. He has one face to God and another to the
devil. Po |aolot ojt, na boga se molit. (Kav. 2941).
CLEANLINESS is next to godliness. îstotata nosi zdravje. Var.
îstotjata e polojna zdravje. (Kav. 3907).
Hasty CLIMBERS have sudden falls. Koj visoko letat, nisko }e padnit. (Kav. 1538). Sim. The bigger they are, the harder they fall. The higher
standing, the lower fall. The higher the mountain, the greater descent.
After black CLOUDS, clear weather. Po zimata leto, po s'nceto do`d.
(Kav. 2944). Cf. After a STORM comes a calm.
Cut your COAT according to your cloth. Pu{~aj si 'i noyete, kouku
{~o ti je ~ergata. (Kis. 8). Var. Ne spru`vi 'i noyete nadvor od
cergata. (Kav. 2433). Sim. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve
will reach. Cf. Stretch your LEGS according to your coverlet.
Do not look at the COAT, but at what is under the coat. Ne gledaj vo
ali{tata, gledaj {to ima pod niv. Var. Ne gqaj mi ja kapava, tuku pod kapava. (Kav. 2274).
It is not the gay COAT that makes the gentleman. Ruvo krasit, ruvo
gn'sit. (Kav. 3133). Var. Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420).
Ali{tata go pokaùvaat ~oeka za bogat i siromav. (MNU 239).
Cf. The COWL does not make the monk.
Near is my COAT, but nearer is my shirt. Blisku mi e ko{ulata, u{te
poblisku mi e koàta. Sim. Near is my doublet (kirtle, petticoat), but
nearer is my smock. Cf. Near is my SHIRT, but nearer is my skin.
The COAT makes the man. Ruti{~ata go praet ~veka bogat, aq' siromav. (Kav. 3134). Sim. Apparel makes the man. The garment makes the
man. Fine feathers make fine birds. Dress up a stick and it does not appear
to be a stick.
Under a ragged COAT lies wisdom. êsto pod partalavite ali{ta se
krie mudrosta. Cf. Never judge from APPEARANCES.
− 219 −
219.
220.
Let the COBBLER stick to his last. êvlarot sekoga{ odi so skinati
~evli. Var. U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733). U g'n~ara novo grne
ne baraj. (Kav. 3734). Terzijata so zakrpeni be~vi (ruti{~a) ojt.
(Kav. 3588). Let not the cobbler (shoemaker) go beyond his last.
A COCK is bold on his own dunghill. Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te
pee. (P.D. 3174). Var. Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te si pejt.
(Sekoj ima vlijanie vo svojata tatkovina, vo svoeto mesto, vo svojata
ku}a.). (MNU 5611). Every cock crows on his own dunghill. Sim. Every
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
dog is a lion at home. Every dog is valiant at his own door. Sekoe ku~e
pred portata si lae. (MNU 5568). Cf. Every man is a KING in his own
house.
A ragged COLT may make a good horse. Slaboto `drebe moè da
porasne vo dobar kow. Var. Od krasto prase debel vepar (debela
matorica) se prajt. (Kav. 2660). Sim. Wanton kittens make sober cats.
The COMFORTER's head never aches. Koj sovet dava, ne go boli glava.
He is not fit to COMMAND others that cannot command himself. Koj ne
moè sebesi da se povela, ne moè da gi povela ni drugite. Var.
Koj ne e za sebe, ne e ni za drugego. (Kav. 1612).
A good CONSCIENCE is a soft pillow. îsta sovest, miren son. Sim. A
good conscience is a continual feast.
A guilty CONSCIENCE feels continual fear. Koj si ima vinata se pla{i
i od senkata. Var. A guilty conscience needs no accuser. Cf. The THIEF
does fear each bush an officer.
Too many COOKS spoil the broth. Mnogu babi (koga babat), kilavo
dete izva`dat. (Koga vo edna rabota se brkaat mnogumina, taa nema da
izleze dobra i uspe{na.). (MNU 3766). Var. Pri nogu babi kilavo
dete izliza. (MNU 5260). K'de babat mnogu babi, decata bez gla
se ro`xet. (Kav. 1807).
He that counts all COSTS will never put plough in the earth. Ako se
pla{e{e dedo od rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav. 100). Var.
Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159).
Give neither COUNSEL nor salt till you are asked for it. Ne davaj ni sovet ni sol, ako ne ti baraat. Var. Kaj {to te vikaat, odi; kaj
{to te teraat, begaj. (MNU 2685). Sim. Come not to counsel uncalled.
Though thou hast never so many COUNSELLORS, yet do not forsake the
counsel of thy own soul. Deveeset i devet umoj slu{aj, pak na svojot
ostani. (Kav. 686).
So many COUNTRIES, so many customs. Sekoe selo svoj adet (zakon).
(Kav. 3220). Cf. Every LAND has its own law.
In the COUNTRY of the blind the one-eyed man is king. Vo sred slepi i
− 220 −
Bone Veličkovski
232.
233.
}orav e car. (MNU 939). Var. In the Kingdom of blind men, the one-eyed
is king.
Where is well with me, there is my COUNTRY. Kade mi e dobro, tamu
mi e domot. Sim. A wise (valiant) man esteems every place to be his own
country.
Full of COURTESY, full of craft. Blaga re~ èlezna vrata otvorat.
(MNU 515). Var. Slatkata re~ i èlezna vrata otvarat. (So
blagi zborovi moè{ da gi skroti{ i najkoravite srca i da gi
privle~e{ kon sebe i najsvirepite lu|e.). (MNU 5829). Sladkata du-
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
ma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826).
All COVET, all lose. Koj saka nogu, bez malku ostanua. (MNU 3092).
Sim. Grasp all, lose all. Cf. He that too much EMBRACETH holds little.
A COVETOUS man is good to none but worse to himself. Skràviot za
nikogo ne e dobar, a najlo{ e za sebe.
A COVETOUS man serves his riches, not they him. Skràviot e sluga
na svoeto bogatstvo, a ne toa nemu. Sim. The rich are rather possessed
by their money than possessors.
COVETOUSNESS breaks the bag. Od skràvost puka vre}ata. Sim.
Bind the bag before it is full. Ni vo ku~e vera, ni vo lakom mera. (Kav.
2493).
It is idle to swallow the COW and choke on the tail. Ne vredi da ja
goltne{ kravata i da se zadavi{ so opa{kata. Var. Go izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). To swallow an ox, and be
choked with the tail.
Set a COW to catch a hare. Za da fati zajak, postavil krava. Var. Za
guska - m'ska. (Kav. 954). Za b'lvata jorgan gorit. (Kav. 946). Runo
volna dala selanka, za da kupi oka jabolki. (MNU 5421).
The COW gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over. [to deka
davala krava mnogu mleko, koga go klocnuala i go isturala, klaj e
go volkot neka ja davit. (MNU 6854). Var. Kravata }e dade mleko,
}e ritne da go isture. (MNU 3290).
The COWL does not make the monk. Ruvo krasit, ruvo gn'sit. Kav.
3133. Var. Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420). Oblekata ne go
~ini ~ovekot. (P.D. 2462). The hood (habit) does not make the monk.
The gown does not make the friar. The coat makes the man. Cf. It is not the
gay COAT that makes the gentleman.
Plant the CRAB-TREE where you will, it will never bear pippins. Trn
grozje ne ra|a. (MNU 6291). Var. Vrbata rodila grozje. (MNU
966). Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da rodi maslinki. (MNU 2306). Zer i od
vrba ~eka{ da ti rodi jabolka. (MNU 2307). Od trwe bor~ saka
da plati (ili: od trwe saka grozje da zbira. (MNU 4730).
CREDITORS have better memories than debtors. Dol`nikot treba
pove}e da pameti od kreditorot.
− 221 −
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
He that mocks a CRIPPLE, ought to be whole. Koj mu se smee na kriviot, na krajot i samiot toj }e po~ne da kuca. Sim. If you mock the
lame, you will go so yourself in time.
Every man has his CROSS to bear. Sekoj si e so svojot krst na ~elo.
(P.D. 3181). Var. Sekoj si go nosi svojot krst. Sekoe magare svojot tovar si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Sekoja planina svojata
teìna (si znajt). (Sekoj sam si ja znae svojata maka.). (MNU 5593).
Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata teìna. (P.D. 3192). Cf. Every
HEART has its own ache.
The CROSS on his breast and the devil in his heart. Po |aolot ojt, na
boga se molit. (Kav. 2941). Sim. The beads in the hand and the devil in
capuche. Cf. BEADS about the neck and the devil in the heart.
Breed up a CROW and he will tear out your eyes. (MNU 5348). Rani
ku~e da te lait. (MNU 5349). Var. Rani lo{a ~elad da te kolnit.
(MNU 5347). He has brought up a bird to pick out his own eyes. Cf. To
nourish a SNAKE (viper) in one's bosom.
The CROW thinks her own bird fairest. Ja pra{ale Cigankata ~ie
dete e najubavo, taa pokaàla na Cigan~eto. Var. The owl thinks her
own young fairest. Cf. FAIR is not fair, but that which pleases.
CROWS will not pick out crows' eyes. Vrana na vrana o~i ne kopat.
(Lo{ na lo{ ne pravi zlo, ili dvajca isti ne si pakostat.). (MNU 956).
Var. âfka so ~afka o~ite ne si vadat. (MNU 6703). Gavran gavranu o~i ne kopat. (MNU 1025). Gavraw na gavraw o~i ne vajat.
(GK, II, str. 177). One crow never pulls out another’s eyes. Sim. One
crow will not pick out another crow’s eyes. Hawks will not pick out hawks'
eyes.
Put not an embroidered CRUPPER on an ass. Stara magarica, (a)
crvena podopa{nica (nosit). (Stara èna, ama se nakontila kako
mlada nevesta so nevestinska ruba i belila, {to ne i' prilega na godinite.). (MNU 6017). Var. Crven remen, (a) na gol korem (mev).
(MNU 6679). Za magarinata sedlo ne trebit. (Na ne~esen ~ovek ne
treba da mu pravi{ ~est; ili nedostojniot ne treba da go udostojuvame so po~esti.). (MNU 2192). Na magare sedlo ne prilega. (MNU
251.
4044). Cf. My old MARE would have a new crupper.
CUSTOM is a second nature. Navikata e na{a vtora priroda. (B.D.).
Var. Nau~il se pop na varen bob, dovr{il se bob, odu~il se pop.
(MNU 4154).
D
252.
Where the DAM leaps over, the kid follows. Ke skokat kozana i jareto
po neja. (Kav. 1427). Var. Deka ripa oveno, tamo ripa i jagneto.
(MNU 1556). Sim. As the old cock crows, so crows the young. The young
− 222 −
Bone Veličkovski
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
258.
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
pig grunts like the old sow. Kako magareto i prleto. (MNU 2742).
The DANGER past and God forgotten. Vikaj na vukot "vujko", dodeka
si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Sim. Once on shore, we pray no more.
The river past and God forgotten Cf. Call the BEAR uncle' till you are safe
across the bridge.
He that would the DAUGHTER win must with the mother first begin. Koga zgle`xa{ momi~ka, frli opuq i na majkata. (Kav. 1463). Var.
He that would the mistress win must with the maid first begin. Sim. Praise
the child, and you make love to the mother.
Say nothing of the DEAD but what is good. Za umrenite se' najdobro.
Sim. Never speak ill of the dead. Speak well of the dead.
There's none so DEAF as those who will not hear. Nema pogluv od toj
{to ne saka da ~ue. Var. None so deaf as those who won't hear.
After DEATH the doctor. Po smrt bolest.
DEATH keeps no calendar. Smrtta ater ne gledat. (MNU 5850). Var.
Smrtta ne pra{uet. (MNU 5852).
DEATH makes equal the high and low. Pred smrtta site se isti. Var.
Smrtta ne pra{uva star i mlad. (P.D. 3294). Sim. Death is the
great leveller. At the end of the game the king and the pawn go into the
same bag. Six feet of earth make all men equal. Cf. All's alike at the latter
DAY: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The END makes all equal. Umira~kata ispravjat se'. (Kav. 3750). Umira~ka - bel obraz. (Kav.
3747).
He who pays his DEBTS begins to make a stock. Pat so odewe, bor~ so
pla}awe. (MNU 4932). Var. P't so odewe (se svr{it), bor~ so
pla{~awe. (MNU 5315). Sim. Out of debt, out of danger.
A good DEED is never lost. Napraj dobro, pa frli go v more. Sim. One
never loses by doing a good turn. Cf. DO well and have well. One good
TURN deserves another.
DEEDS, not words. Dela, a ne zborovi. Cf. ACTIONS speak louder than
words.
One DEVIL drives out another. Klin so klin se izbiva. Var.
îvijata ~ivija vadi. (Nedeq. str. 199). Sim. One poison drives out
another. Cf. LIKE cures like. One NAIL drives out another.
The DEVIL is not so black as he is painted. \avolot ne e tolku crn
kolku {to se (veli) misli. Sim. The lion is not so fierce as he is
painted.
The DEVIL loves no holy water. \avolot ne saka krstena voda. Var.
Begat kako |aol od temjan. (MNU 413). Begat kako |aolot od
temjan i Evreinot od krstot. (MNU 414).
A man can DIE but once. Samo edna{ se umira.
Better DIE with honour than live with shame. Poarno e da umre{
~esno otkolku da ìvee{ sramno. Var. A fair death honours the whole
− 223 −
268.
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
277.
278.
279.
life. Better a glorious death than a shameful life.
Cast no DIRT into the well that hath given you water. Odi na voda na
noviot bunar, ne plukaj na stariot. (MNU 4605). Var. Nov bunar
kopaj vo starjot (fetjot)ne pquvaj. (Kav. 2555).
A DISEASE known is half cured. Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU
5580). Var. Na sekoja boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). Sim. A danger
foreseen is half avoided.
Desperate DISEASES must have desperate remedies. Na luta, rana lut
lek. (P.D. 1982). Var. Desperate cuts must have desperate remedies.
DISEASES come on horseback, but go away on foot. Bolesta idi u
~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Var. Bolesta lesno
doa|a, a lesno ne si odi. (MNU 600). Cf. MISCHIEF comes by the pound
and goes away by the ounce.
Of two DISPUTANTS, the warmer is generally in the wrong. Dvaica koga
se karaat, koj povi{e vika, nego mu go davaat pravoto. (Nedeq.
str. 187). Var. Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187).
DO as I say, not as I do. Pravi kako {to velam, a ne kako {to pravam jas.
DO as the friar says, not as he does. Slu{aj {~o zborvit popon, a ne
praj to {~o prajt toj. (Kav. 3373). Var. [to te u~i pop, slu{aj,
{to pravi toj - ne pravi. (MNU 6894). Cf. DO as I say, not as I do.
DO unto others as you would they should do unto you. Se' {to sakate
da vi pravat lu|eto, pravete im i vie taka. (Matthew 7, 12 / Matej 7,
12; Luke 6, 31 / Luka 6, 31). Cf. DO as you would be done by. [to
ne}i{ tebe da ti praat, ne praj drugemu. (MNU 6883).
A barking DOG never bites. Ku~e {~o lajt, ne k'sat. (Kav. 1804). Var.
Ku~e koe mnogo lae, ne k'sa. (Nedeq. str. 191). Ku~e {to ne lai i
ne kasa. (MNU 3367). Barking dogs seldom bite. Sim. His bark is worse
than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's a good dog, but dares not
bite. Se falit - ne palit. (Kav. 3311).
A scalded DOG fears cold water. Popareno ku~e i od do`d se
pla{it. (Kav. 2986). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT fears
cold water. A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. He that has been bitten by a
SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms.
DOGS bark, but the caravan goes on. Ku~iwata laet, karvanot si
vrvit. (Kav. 1806). Cf. The MOON does not heed the barking of dogs.
Hungry DOGS will eat dirty puddings. Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt.
(Gladot e najvkusnoto jadewe; gladniot ne prebira {to da jade, ami jade
{to }e najde.). (MNU 1084).
280.
By DOING nothing we learn to do ill. So nepravewe ni{to, nau~uvame
da pravime lo{o. Cf. IDLENESS is the mother of all vice. Lenosta e maj-
− 224 −
Bone Veličkovski
281.
282.
283.
284.
285.
286.
ka na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834).
At open DOORS dogs come in. Pokrijanoto mleko ma~ki ne go loket.
(Kav. 2959).
Constant DROPPING wears away the stone. Vodata so vreme go roni
kamenot. (Job 14, 19 / Jov 14, 19). Var. Kapkana i vo kamen dupka
otvorat. (Kav. 1391). Kapkana i kamenon go zdlabit. (Kav. 1392).
Many DROPS make a shower. Kapka po kapka vir stanuje. (Nedeq.
str. 184). Sim. Large streams from little fountains flow. Cf. MANY small
make a great. PENNY and penny laid up will be many.
A DROWNING man will clutch at a straw. Koj{to pa|a v more, i za
slamkata se va}a. (MNU 3192). Var. Koj{to pa|a v more, i za zmijata se va}at. (MNU 3191). Koga se davit ~vek, i za zmija se
fa{~at. (Kav. 1475). Koga se davit ~vek, i za usviteno èlezo se
fa{~at. (Kav. 1474).
He who gives a DUCK, expects a goose. Frli glista, (ta) da naj{ (ili
da izvaj{) j'guqa. (Daj malku za da zeme{ mnogu.). (MNU 6625). Var.
Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{ (ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631). Duri
ne vrli{ rip~e, ne nao|a{ krap~e. (MNU 1884).
All are of the DUST, and all turn to dust again. Site stanaa od prav i
se vra}aat vo pravot. (Ecclesiastes 3, 20; 12, 7 / Propovednik 3, 20;
12, 7). Var. Seti se, ~oveku, deka si prav, i deka vo pravta }e se
vrati{. (P.D. 3207).
E
287.
288.
289.
290.
EAGLES don't catch flies. Orli ne lovat muvi. Var. Slonot ne fa}a
muvi. (P.D. 3284).
In at one EAR and out at the other. Vo ednoto uo mu vleze, vo drugoto
mu izleze. (MNU 875). Var. Od edno uho vleze, (a) od drugoto izleze (zborot). (Ne sum vnimaval {to si mi zboruval, sprema toa nitu
pomnam {to si mi kaàl.). (MNU 4581).
Nature has given us two EARS, two eyes and but one tongue; to the end
we should hear and see more than we speak. Prirodata na site ni'
dala eden jazik, a dve u{i, da ne' potseti malku da zboruvame, a
pove}e da slu{ame. (P.D. 2907). Var. Eden j'zik, a dve o~i ~vek
imat. (Kav. 815). Eden j'zik, a dve u{i ~vek imat. (Kav. 816). Edna usta, a dve r'ce ~vek imat. (Kav. 836).
EASY come, easy go. Kako {to do{lo, taka i si po{lo. (MNU
2805). Var. Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Kako
do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (Bez trud spe~aleno bogatstvoto bespolezno se rastura.). (MNU 2725). Sim. Quickly come, quickly go. So got, so
gone. Cf. LIGHTLY gained, quickly lost. Come with the WIND, go with the
water. Pe~aleno magare od krastavici, rekata go nose. (MNU
− 225 −
291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
303.
304.
4971).
EAT to live, not live to eat. Jadi za da ìve{, ne ìvi za da jade{.
(Nedeq. str. 198).
EDUCATION is power. Obrazovanieto e sila.
The END crowns the work. Krajot deloto go krasi. (B.D.). Sim. The
end tries all. The evening crowns the day.
The END justifies the means. Celta go opravduva sredstvoto. (B.D.).
Sim. He that wills the end, wills the means.
Better an open ENEMY than a false friend. Poarno eden umen du{man
da ima{ odo{to sto prijateli budali. (MNU 5030). Cf. Nothing
worse than a familiar ENEMY.
Better be ENVIED than pitied. Poarno da ti zavidit, a ne da te
àlat. (MNU 5025).
To ERR is human. Da se gre{i, ~ove~ki e. Sim. Every man has a fool in
his sleeve. No man is wise at all times. He is lifeless that is faultless. Even
Homer sometimes nods. No man is infallible. There are spots even in the
sun.
EVIL gotten, evil spent. Lo{o spe~aleno, lo{o potro{eno. Var.
Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). ILL gotten, ill spent.
He who EXCUSES himself, accuses himself. Koj se pravda, toj se optuùva. (P.D. 1568).
EXPERIENCE is the best teacher. Iskustvoto e najdobar u~itel. (P.D.
1253). Var. Iskustvoto e u~itel na se'. (P.D. 1254). Neolata um
davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321).
An EYE for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. Oko za oko i zab za zab.
(Matthew 5, 38 / Matej 5, 38).
The EYE is the mirror of the soul. O~ite se ogledalo na du{ata. Var.
The eyes are the window of the soul.
What the EYE doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. [~o o~i brgo
ne vidat, }e zaboravaat. (Nedeq. str. 185). Cf. Out of SIGHT, out of
mind. Daleku od o~ite, daleku od srceto. (S.M.).
Four EYES see more than two. êtiri o~i pove}e gledaat od dve.
Var. Poj}e o~i, poj}e gqavet, (poarno gqavet). (Kav. 2949). Cf.
Two EYES can see more than one.
F
305.
306.
307.
A fair FACE, foul heart. Ubavo lice, ludo srce. Sim. Fair without, foul
within.
The FACE is the index of the mind. Liceto go pokaùa srceto. (MNU
3514).
No flying from FATE. Od pisanoto ne se begat. (Od pi{anoto niko-
− 226 −
Bone Veličkovski
308.
309.
310.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
ga{ ne se begat). (Kav. 2694). Var. [~o e pisano sve }e bidit.
(Uverenie vo sudbinata i predopredelenieto.). (MNU 6950). Od sudenoto (pi{anoto) ne se bega. (B.D.). Sim. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. Cf. The FATED will happen. He that is born to be HANGED
shall never be drowned. What MUST be, must be.
After a thrifty FATHER a prodigal son. Na {tedliv tatko, rasipnik
sin. Var. Titiz (skràv) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622). Sim. A
MISERLY father makes a prodigal son.
Like FATHER, like son. Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352). Var. Kakov {to e tatkoto takov e i sino. (MNU 2715). Kakov tatko
takov Petko. Cf. A CHIP off the old block. Like MOTHER, like daughter.
The FATHERS have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on
edge. Takovcite jadea kiselo grozje, a na sinovite zabite im
fa}aat oskomina. (Ezekiel 18, 2 / Ezekiel 18, 2). Var. Tatkoini
brkotini sinoini sirotini. (MNU 6130). Drug jadi jaguridata,
drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug jadit nezdreloto,
drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene
mi se zbilo. (MNU 1796). Tatkoto jal jaguridata na decata }e
im skominaat zabite.
FEAR keeps and looks to the vineyard, and not the owner. Strav lozje
~ua. (MNU 6060). Var. Fear keeps the garden better than the gardener.
FIELDS have eyes, and woods have ears. Poleto ima o~i, {umata ima
u{i. Var. Pole okato, gora u{ata. (MNU 5116). Sim. The day has
eyes, the night has ears. I vodana imat u{i. (Kav. 1138). Cf. WALLS
have ears. I yizdojne imet u{i. (Kav. 1177). Yizdot imat i o~i i
u{i. (Kav. 1119). Yizdot u{i imat, plotot o~i imat. (Kav.
1120).
Give a clown your FINGER, and he will take your hand. Pu{ti mu go
prstot, }e ti ja fati rakata. (P.D. 2923). Var. Ako mu go podaj{
prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav. 62). Cf. Give him an INCH
and he'll take an ell. Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto.
(MNU 101). Pu{ti go petelot v ku}i, da za na polica sam }e se
ka~it. (MNU 5299).
Don't play with FIRE. So ogan {ega ne bi`xat ({aka ne se prajt, ne
se igrat. (Kav. 3435).
FIRE and water are good servants, but bad masters. Ognot i vodata se
arni izme}ari, ama lo{i gospodari. (Kav. 2588).
FIRE is the test of gold; adversity of friendship. Zlatoto se kalit v
ogan, a ~vek vo neoqa. (Kav. 1064). Var. Prijatelo se poznaa vo
nu`da, kako strebroto vo ogon. (MNU 5250). Fire is the test of gold.
Cf. GOLD is tried in the fire.
No FIRE, no smoke. Ke nemat ogan, ne ~adit. (Kav. 1416). Var. Make
no fire, raise no smoke. Ke {~o ~adit imat i ogan. (Kav. 1450). Cf.
− 227 −
318.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
324.
325.
No SMOKE without fire.
Better be FIRST in a village than second at Rome. Podobro e da si prv
v selo otkolku posleden v grad. Var. Poarno v selo xorbaxija,
odo{~o v grad }umurxija. (Kav. 2871).
Big FISH eat little fish. Golemata riba pomalata ja izedvit (ili jadit). (Posilniot sekoga{ go nadviva poslabiot i mu zapoveda.). (MNU
1135). Var. The great fish eat up the small. Golemata riba je jajt pomalata. (Kav. 477).
FISH and guests stink after three days. Ribata i gostinot se usmrduvaat po tri dena. Var. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three
days. Sim. A constant GUEST is never welcome. Kataden gost, (e) kako
kisel grozd. (êstite poseti mu se zdodevni na onoj {to gi prima).
(MNU 2862). I za najmiliot gostin tri dni se dosta. (Kav.
1166).
FISH must swim thrice. Ribata tripati pliva: vo voda, maslo i vino.
The FISH always stinks from the head downwards. Ribata od glaata se
smrdvit. (Rabotata se rasipuva poradi nedostoinstvoto i nesposobnosta od glavatarot − upravitelot.). (MNU 5395). Var. Fish begins to stink
at the head. Ribata od glavata sa osmrdove. (MNU 5396).
You must not teach FISH to swim. Ne u~i ja ribata da pliva. Sim. An
old fox needs learn no craft. Ne u~i starec da makat jajca. (Kav.
2470). Ne u~i bav~anxija kako se sadet krastajci. (Kav. 2469).
It is good FISHING in troubled waters. Vo matno se lovi. Var. Najdobro se lovi vo matno. (Duri ne se izmatit vodata, ne se va}at ribi
mnogu.). (MNU 1858).
One FLOWER makes no garland. So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (Samo
eden ~ovek, kolku i da e dostoen, ni{to ne moè da svr{i bez pomo{ta
od drugi; ili op{testvo ne moè da se sostoi samo od eden ~ovek.).
326.
327.
328.
329.
330.
(MNU 5880). Cf. One SWALLOW does not make a summer. So edno pile
prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879).
A FLY follows the honey. Kako muva na med.
He changes a FLY into an elephant. Od bolva slon (pravi). Sim. To
make a mountain out of a molehill. Pravi{ od muvata slon. (P.D.
2846). Od komarec - magarec.
No FLYING without wings. Ne se letat duri ne porastet krilja.
(Kav. 2421).
A FOOL may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred wise men cannot pull out. Eden ulav frqat eden kamen v bunar, trista umni ne
moàt da go izvadat. (MNU 1913). Var. Ako eden budala frlat
kamen v bunar, sto pametni ne moàt da go izvadat. (P.D. 48).
He that is born a FOOL is never cured. Za budalata (glupaviot) nema
− 228 −
Bone Veličkovski
331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
lek.
FOOLS are wise as long as silent. Glupecot se smeta za mudar koga
mol~i. (Proverbs 17, 28 / Poslovici 17, 28).
Better the FOOT slip than the tongue. Podobro e da se slizne{ na pat
otkolku so jazik. (Ecclesiasticus 20, 18 / Sirah 20, 18). Var. Poarno
et da se slizni{ so noga odo{to so zbor. (MNU 5034).
FORTUNE favours the brave (bold). Sre}ata im pomaga na hrabrite.
FORTUNE is variant. Sre}ata e promenliva.
FORTUNE knocks once at least at every man's gate. Sre}ata tropa samo edna{ na se~ija vrata. Var. Opportunity never knocks twice at any
man's door.
When FORTUNE knocks, open the door. Koga sre}ata tropa na vrata,
otvori i'. Var. When fortune smiles, embrace her.
FORTUNE's wheel is never stopped. Trkaloto na sre}ata postojano se
vrti. Var. Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing
else in the world. ]e dojde kolce na trkalce. (B.D.)
The FOX may grow gray, but never good. Lisicata moè da ostari,
no nema da se opameti. Cf. The WOLF may lose his teeth, but never his
nature. Volko dlakata ja menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU
890).
A FRIEND in need is a friend indeed. Prijatelot e treben vo nu`da.
(MNU 5252). Var. A friend is never known till a man have need. Prijatelo vo nu`da se poznaat, a ne vo svadba. (MNU 5249).
A good FRIEND is my nearest relation. Prijatelot e poprivrzan od
brat. (Proverbs 18, 24 / Poslovici 18, 24). Var. Kom{ijata e poj}e
od brat. (Kav. 1722). Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata
p~ejnca. (Sakaj go pove}e bli`noto i vidlivoto, od kolku {to
dale~noto i nevidenoto, makar i polo{o da e prvoto.). (MNU 527).
Cf. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.
Before you make a FRIEND eat a bushel of salt with him. Treba da
izede{ edna vre}a sol dodeka da go zapoznae{ vistinskiot prijatel. Sim. You should know a man seven years before you stir his fire.
Old FRIENDS and old wine are best. Starite prijateli i staroto vino se najdobri. Var. Starjot prijateq poaren e od dvajca novi.
(Kav. 3514). Drì se za novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli.
(Kav. 739). Novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli baraj 'i. (Kav.
2558).
Forbidden FRUIT is sweet. Zabranetoto ovo{je e najslatko. (Genesis
3, 6 / Bitie 3, 6). Var. Stolen fruit is sweet. Cf. Stolen WATERS are sweet.
G
344.
No
GARDEN
without its weeds. Nema ìto bez kakol. Sim. On fat land
− 229 −
345.
grow foulest weeds.
All his GEESE are swans. Site negovi guski se lebedi. Var.
Kom{iskata koko{ka se gqat kako guska. (Kav. 1725). Tu|ata
koko{ka e pogolema od na{ata misirka. (MNU 6319). Na
kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit.
(Tu|oto sekoga{ ni' izgleda podobro i mu zaviduvame na onoj {to go
ima.). (MNU 4030). Sim. The grass is always greener on the other side of
346.
the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than ours. Our neighbour's
ground yields better corn than ours.
Never look a GIFT horse in the mouth. Na poklowen kow zubi ne se
gledaat. (Nedeq. str. 188). Var. Na ariàn kon zabite ne se gledat. (MNU 3939). Na arizaniot kojn ne mu se gledat z'bite (za
da se vidi dali e mlad ili star). (Podarocite da gi primame so blagodarnost, ne pravej}i zabele{ka dali bile vakvi ili onakvi, t.e. dobri ili lo{i.). (MNU 3940). Look not a gift (given) horse in the mouth.
347.
348.
349.
350.
351.
352.
353.
No man ought to look a gift horse in the mouth.
It is better to GIVE than to receive. Poarno da dava{ odo{to da saka{. (MNU 5024). Var. Better give than take. It is more blessed to give
than to receive.
He GIVES twice who gives quickly. Dvapati dava koj brgu dava.
Beware of him whom GOD hath marked. Pazi se od beleàniot. Var.
Take care of that man whom God has set his mark upon. Gospod da te
~ua od }ose ~ovek i od sakat. (MNU 1202).
GOD defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself.
Odvoj se od svoite neprijateli i ~uvaj se od svoite prijateli.
(Ecclesiasticus 6, 13 / Sirah 6, 13). Var. Gospod da me vardit od prijatelite, a od du{manite sam }e se vardam. (Kav. 513). Gospod da
me branit od budali prijateli, a od du{manite }e se branam
sam. (Kav. 507). Bog da te ~ua od lo{i prijateli, da za od
du{mani sam }e se ~ua{. (MNU 1200). Save us from our friends.
GOD gives the milk, but not the pail. Gospod davat ama v ko{ara ne
vnesuat. (MNU 1191). Var. Gospod dat, ama niz oxak ne pu{~at.
(Kav. 515).
GOD helps those who help themselves. Pomoì si sam i Gospod da ti
pomoìt. (Kav. 2981). Sim. Get thy spindle and thy distaff ready and God
will send thee flax.
GOD stays long, but strikes at last. Gospod zabaa, ama ne zabraa.
(MNU 1209). Var. Bog zabaat (da otplatit ili da nakaèt),
ama ne zaboraat. (Dobroto ili zloto ne ostanuva neotplateno. Bilo koga, makar i podocna, dobrite lu|e }e bidat nagradeni za svoite
dobri dela, a lo{ite }e se kaznat za zlostorstvata i prestapite
svoi, ~esto duri i na ovoj svet.). (MNU 558). Bog, spolaj mu, zabavja
ama ne zaboravuva. (MNU 563). Gospod ne e ma~ka da te drapnit
− 230 −
Bone Veličkovski
354.
355.
356.
357.
358.
359.
360.
361.
odedno{. (Kav. 537). Sim. God hath leaden feet, but iron hands.
When GOD will punish, he will first take away the understanding. Gospod prvo umot }e mu go zejt na ~veka, a posle stokata. (Kav. 541).
Var. Whom the Gods would destroy, they first make mad. Cf. Whom
FORTUNE wishes to destroy, she first makes mad.
Tell me with whom thou GOEST, and I'll tell thee what thou doest.
Kaì mi so kogo oj{, da ti kaàm kakov si. (Kav. 1330). Var. So
kogo si, takov si. (Kav. 3423). Sim. A man is known by the company he
keeps.
All that glitters is not GOLD. Se' {to sveti, ne e zlato. (P.D. 3129).
Var. Ne e zlato se' {to sveti. (MNP 2510).
GOLD is tried in the fire. Zlatoto se ispituva vo ogan. (I Peter 1, 7 / I
Petar 1, 7; Revelation 3, 18 / Otkrovenie 3, 18). Var. Zlatoto v
ogan se kalit. (Kav. 1062). Fire is the test of gold. Cf. FIRE is the test of
gold; adversity of friendship. Zlatoto se kalit v ogan, a ~vek vo
neoqa. (Kav. 1064).
He that eats the King’s GOOSE, shall be chocked with the feathers. Go
izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). Var. Ne pi voda od
begli~ka ~e{ma. (Kav. 2400). Na begliska ~e{ma voda nema. (Beglisko e se' ona {to e gradeno so kuluk, pa e prokleto.). (MNU 3945).
The GRAPES are sour. Kiselo e grozjeto, rekla lisicata koga ne
moèla da go doka~i. Sim. Fie upon hens! quoth the fox, because he
could not reach them.
A constant GUEST is never welcome. Kataden gost, (e) kako kisel
grozd. (êstite poseti mu se zdodevni na onoj {to gi prima). (MNU
2862). Var. Nekanen gost (e) kako kisel grozd. (Koga ne go saka{, ni
od prisustvoto negovo ne moè{ da bide{ zadovolen.). (MNU 4269).
Nekanat gost, goto magare. (Nekanat gostin, goto magare.).
(Kav. 2320). Nekanet gost e kako magare na jasli. (MNU 4271).
Nekanet gost mol~it kako }os na jajca. (MNU 4272). Poblag da
mi doj{ (da mi ida{). /t.e. poretko da ide/. (Kav. 2921). Cf. FISH and
guests stink after three days.
An unbidden GUEST knows not where to sit. Nevikan gostin zad vrata
sedit. (GK, II, str. 178). Var. An unbidden guest must bring his stool with
him. Sim. He who comes uncalled sits unserved.
H
362.
Between the HAMMER and the anvil. Me|u ~ekan i nakovalno. Var.
Sega se nao|am me|u dva ogna. (P.D. 3132). Ugore visoko, udolu
dlaboko. Cf. Put not thy HAND between the bark and the tree. Ne klaj
prst me|u dve vra}e. (Kav. 2321). Koj go potiskat nosot
(prstot) vo ~u`xa vrata, bez nos (bez prst) }e ostanit. (Kav.
− 231 −
363.
364.
365.
366.
367.
368.
369.
370.
371.
372.
373.
1544).
One HAND washes another and both the face. Ednata raka drugata ja
mie, a obete liceto. (MNU 1941). Var. One hand washes the other.
Cold HANDS, warm heart. Studeni race toplo srce. Var. A cold hand
and a warm heart.
Many HANDS make light work. Mnogu race blaosoeni, a mnogu usti
aforesani (prokleti). Var. (MNU 3782). Mnogu r'ce blaosoeni,
mnogu usti k'lnati. (Kav. 1986).
HARD with hard makes not the stone wall. Dva quti (ostri) kamena
bra{no ne melet. (Kav. 668).
First catch your HARE, then cook him. Prvo operi ja me~kata, posle
prodaj ja koàta. (Kav. 3041).
A forgetful HEAD makes a weary pair of heels. Koj nemat vo glata,
imat vo noyete. (Kav. 1617). Sim. Little wit in the head makes much work
for the feet. Who has not understanding, let him have legs. Koj nemat um,
imat noye. (Kav. 1621).
Better be the HEAD of a dog than the tail of a lion. Poarno e da bidi{
glaa na ma~kite odo{to opa{ka na arslanite. (MNU 5027). Sim.
Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a
lizard than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a mouse than the tail of a
lion. Better be the head of a pike than the tail of a sturgeon. Poarno da si
na ovcite gla, otkolku na gojadata opa{ka. (Kav. 2879). Podobro e ìvo ku~e, otkolku mrtov lav. (P.D. 2754).
He that has a HEAD of glass must not throw stones at another. Koj ima
staklena glava ne treba da frla so kamewa po drug. Sim. He that
has a house of glass must not throw stones at another. People who live in
glass houses shouldn't throw stones. Cf. He that has a HEAD of wax must not
walk in the sun.
He that has a HEAD of wax must not walk in the sun. Koj e }eqav, da
ne sedit gologlav. (Kav. 1555). Sim. Be not a baker if your head be of
butter. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones. Who has
skirts of straw needs fear the fire. Cf. He that has a HEAD of glass must not
throw stones at another.
Mickle HEAD, little wit. Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). Var. [~o mu treba brada, koga nema um u
glavata. (MNU 6957).
The HEAD gray, and no brains yet. Bradata mu siva, glavata mu diva.
(MNU 615). Var. Kosata mu obele, i umot ne mu dojde. (MNU
3284). Ostare, obele i umot vo glavata ne mu dojde. (MNU 4817).
Sim. No fool to the old fool. Kolku stareit, (tolku) i magareit.
(Starite godini ne go napravile poopiten, ta da stanal poumen; naprotiv, od den na den toj se' pove}e se rasipuva. Se odnesuva za onie
stari koi{to kolku se postari, tolku pove}e se izopa~uvaat.). (MNU
− 232 −
Bone Veličkovski
374.
375.
376.
377.
378.
379.
380.
381.
382.
383.
384.
385.
386.
3245).
When the HEAD aches all the body is the worse. Koga boli glavata,
celoto telo e vo bolka. Ako strada eden ~len, so nego stradaat site
~lenovi. (I Corinthians 12, 26 / I Korintjani 12, 26).
So many HEADS, so many minds. Kolku glavi, tolku umovi. Cf. So
many MEN, so many opinions.
HEALTH is better than wealth. Pove}e vredi zdravjeto i snagata
otkolku celoto bogatstvo na ovoj svet. (Ecclesiasticus 30, 15 / Sirah
30, 15). Var. Zdravje - najgolemo bogatstvo (Nedeq. str. 198). Bez
zdravje nemat bogatstvo. (Kav. 214). Sim. Health is great riches.
HEAR and see and say nothing. Poe}e slu{aj odo{to da zborua{.
(MNU 5088). Var. Hear all, see all, say nowt. Sim. Wide ears and a short
tongue. Cf. HEAR much, speak little. He that would live in PEACE and rest,
must hear, and see, and say the best.
HEAR much, speak little. Poe}e slu{aj o{to zboruj. (MNU 5089). Cf.
HEAR and see and say nothing.
Every HEART has its own ache. Sekoja planina svojata teìna (si
znajt). (Sekoj sam si ja znae svojata maka.). (MNU 5593). Var. Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata teìna. (P.D. 3192). Sekoj kamen
na mesto si teìt. (MNU 5605). Cf. Every man has his CROSS to bear.
Sekoj go nosi svojot krst. (P.D. 3163).
Faint HEART never won fair lady. Sram èna ne zima. (MNU 6000).
Var. Stram dupka ne rani. (Itar treba da bide.). (MNU 6064).
HEART in mouth, mouth in heart. [~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu i
na srce. (Kav. 3967). Var. [to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu pokaùa i liceto. (MNU 6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa bilo
i vo mislata. (MNU 6865).
Nothing is impossible to a willing HEART. Ni{to ne e nevozmo`no za
toj {to mnogu saka da ja ispolni svojata èlba. Var. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. Sim. A good heart conquers ill fortune. Cf.
Where there's a WILL, there's a way. Ako se ima volja, }e se najde i
na~in.
What the HEART thinks, the tongue speaks. Liceto go pokaùa srceto. (MNU 3514). Var. Kako {to zborua, taka i misli. (MNU
2808). Sim. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth.
Cf. Out of the ABUNDANCE of the heart the mouth speaketh.
The HEART's letter is read in the eye. O~ite se ogledalo na du{ata.
Sim. In the forehead and the eye, the lecture of the mind doth lie. Cf. The
EYE lets in love.
The HEART's mirth does make the face fair. Smeeweto e dobro za
zdravjeto. (P.D. 3287).
One's own HEARTH is gold's worth. Svoja ku}a, svoja popradalnica.
(MNU 5517). Sim. East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be
− 233 −
387.
388.
389.
390.
391.
392.
393.
394.
395.
396.
never so homely. Daleku odi, ama i za doma misli. (MNU 1397). Odi
kaj }e ode{, doma da si dojde{. (MNU 4602). Cf. An ENGLISHMAN's
home is his castle. There is no PLACE like home. Za sekogo negoviot dom
e najubav.
There is no going to HEAVEN in a sedan. Vo rajot ne se stignuva so
ko~ija. Var. To go to heaven in a featherbed.
Where the HEDGE is lowest, men may soonest over. Kade{to ogradata
e najniska, tamu najlesno se minuva. Var. A low hedge is easily leaped
over. Men leap over where the hedge is lowest.
HELL and destruction are never full. Smrtta i Propasta ne moàt da
se zasitat. (Proverbs 27, 20 / Poslovici 27, 20).
HELL is paved with good intentions. Patot do pekolot e poplo~en so
dobri nameri. Var. The road to hell is paved with good intentions.
A black HEN lays a white egg. Crna koko{ka beli jajca nosit. (Kav.
3830). Var. I crnata krava belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1721). Crna
bijolica (krava) belo mleko dat. (Kav. 3831). I bijolicana belo
mleko dat. (Kav. 1130). Crnata zemja beli poga~i ro`xat. (Kav.
3833). Crni r'ce, bela poga~a. (Kav. 3834). Crn piper na bel oriz
se solit. (Kav. 3840). Seedno e dali e ma~kata crna ili bela, samo da lovi gluvci. (P.D. 3147).
He that comes of a HEN must scrape. Se' {to }e se izvede od koko{ka mora da ~epka. Cf. That that comes of a CAT will catch mice. [~o
ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (MNU 6956).
He that leaves the HIGHWAY to cut short, commonly goes about. Prekutrupa e poblisku, a nekoga{ podaleku. (P.D. 2876). Sim. Who
leaves the old way for the new, will find himself deceived.
The HIGHWAY is never about. Otkako }e se prevratit kolata,
(setne) p'ti{~a mnogu (se nao`xeet). (MNU 4830).
It is hard to break a HOG of an ill custom. Sviwata jala ne jala, pak
si ro{kat po |ubreto. (P.D. 3036).
The worst HOG often gets the best pear. Ubaite kru{i gi jadat svinite. (MNU 6441). Var. Zdrelite kru{i divite sviwi (i jadat).
(Nedostojni lu|e ~esto uspevaat poarno od dostojnite i sposobnite.
Obi~no se upotrebuva koga nekoj dolen mladi~ uspee da se oèni so nekoja li~na i dobra moma, ili obratno.). (MNU 2283). Sim. Into the
397.
398.
399.
mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone.
HOLD fast when you have. Drì si go v r'ka, da ne ti e m'ka. (Kav.
742).
Every day is HOLIDAY with sluggards. Za mrzlivite sekoj den e praznik. Var. Koj drìt praznik, prazna mu e ku}ata. (Kav. 1547).
Koj drìt mnogu praznici, brgu osiroma{vit. (Kav. 1548). Sim.
He that does nothing always finds helpers.
HONESTY may be dear bought, but can never be an ill pennyworth.
− 234 −
Bone Veličkovski
400.
401.
402.
403.
404.
405.
406.
407.
408.
409.
410.
411.
412.
413.
414.
415.
416.
êsta ne moè da se odzeme, taa moè samo da se zagubi. (MNP
3905).
He that has no HONEY in his pot, let him have it in his mouth. Koj si
nema pari v keseto, neka si ima med of ustata. (MNP 3129). Sim.
He that has not silver in his purse should have silk on his tongue.
HONEY catches more flies than vinegar. Na medot se fa}aat pove}e
muvi otkolku na ocetot. Cf. You will catch more FLIES with a spoonful
of honey than with a gallon of vinegar.
HONEY is not for the ass's mouth. Medot ne e za magare{ka usta.
HONEY is sweet, but the bee stings. Medot e sladok, no p~elata bocka.
It is not with saying HONEY, Honey, that sweetness will come into the
mouth. So vikawe "med", ne se nasladuva ustata.
Make yourself all HONEY and the flies will devour you. Ako se stori{
med, i muite }e te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet). (MNU 178). Cf. He that
makes himself a SHEEP shall be eaten by the wolf. Ako se stori{ ovca,
sekoj }e te striè. (MNU 179).
Too much HONEY cloys the stomach. Koga }e najde{ med, jadi umereno, za da ne se prejade{ i da go izbluva{ izedenoto. (Proverbs 25,
16 / Poslovici 25, 16).
HONOUR is the reward of virtue. êsta e nagrada za doblesta (dobrodetelta).
Where there is no HONOUR, there is no grief. Kade nema ~est, nema ni
kaewe.
Great HONOURS are great burdens. Golemite po~esti se golemi tovari. Sim. The more cost, the more honour.
HOPE deferred maketh the heart sick. Odloùvanata nade` go iznemo{tuva srceto. (Proverbs 13, 12 / Poslovici 13, 12).
HOPE maketh not ashamed. Nade`ta ne razo~aruva. (Romans 5, 5 /
Rimjani 5, 5).
Too much HOPE deceives. Koj mnogu se nadeva, mnogu se razo~aruva.
Sim. Hope often deludes the foolish man. Koj se nadei na nade{, ne }e
ima vade{. (MNU 3111).
Who lives by HOPE will die by hunger. Koj se hrani so nade`, umira
gladen. (P.D. 1573). Sim. He that lives in hope hath a slender diet.
A boisterous HORSE must have a rough bridle. Za neskrotliv kow
treba cvrsta uzda.
A hired HORSE tired never. Tu|iot kow nikoga{ ne e izmoren. Var.
So ~u`x kow pobrgu se ojt. (Kav. 3476). û`xjot kow malu jajt,
mnogu nosit (mnogu tr~at, mnogu trgat). (Kav. 3915).
A HORSE, a wife, and a sword may be showen, but not lent. @ena, kow,
pu{ka, ne se daat na tu|a raka. (MNU 2055). Var. Pu{kata do
sebe, (a) ènata pri sebe (drì si ja). (Ne se ostavaj da ja od-
− 235 −
dale~i{ od sebe pu{kata ni èna si; za{to od prvata moè{ da postrada{, a vtorata moè da pretrpi nekoja moralna navreda, ili najva`noto ne{to ne mu go doveruvaj na drug i sam ~uvaj si go.). (MNU
417.
418.
419.
420.
421.
422.
423.
424.
425.
426.
5296).
A HORSE may stumble that has four legs. Kowot ima ~etiri noze, no
moè da se sopne. Sim. It is a good horse that never stumbles.
A running HORSE needs no spur. Za kow {to tr~a ne treba bi~. Var.
Do not spur a free horse. A good horse should be seldom spurred. Sim. The
beast that goes always never wants blows.
He that has a white HORSE and a fair wife never wants trouble. Na bel
kow i na ubava èna nikoj ne moè da im ugodi. Var. Na bel kow
seiz i na nov majstor kalfa da ne bidi{. (MNU 3947).
Live, HORSE, and you'll get grass. Ne umri, kowu, do zelena treva.
(MNU 4402). Var. Ne umri, magare, do zelena treva. (êkaj do neopredeleno vreme.). (MNU 4403). Sim. While the grass grows, the horse
starves.
One thing thinks the HORSE, and another he that saddles him. Edno
misli kowot, a drugo toj {to go osedluva. Var. Edno mislit kamiqata, a drugo kamiqarot. (Kav. 849). Edno mislet glufcite,
a drugo ma~kata. (Kav. 846). The horse thinks one thing and he that
rides him another. Sim. One thing thinketh the bear, and another he that
leadeth him. Drugo krojat gluvcite, drugo ma~orot. (MNU 1803).
Drugo misli kiraxijata, drugo anxijata. (MNU 1805).
Scabbed HORSE cannot abide the comb. Na }eqava glava bri~ ne i'
trebe. (MNU 4150).
The common HORSE is worst shod. Zaedni~kiot kow e najlo{o
potkovan.
The HORSE that draws most is most whipped. Kowot {to najmnogu
trga, najve}e go mavaat.
Who hath no HORSE may ride on a staff. Koj nema kow, java na stap.
You can take a HORSE to the water, but you can't make him drink. Kowot moè{ da go odnese{ na poilo, no ne moè{ da go natera{
da pie. Var. So sila 'rt na lov ne odit. (Nasila ne moè{ nikogo
da go natera{ da ti svr{i rabota, {to od nego bi barala samovolnost i samopregor.). (MNU 5951). So sila ubavina ne biva. (MNU
427.
428.
429.
5952).
You look for the
HORSE you ride on. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go
bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne moè{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.). (MNU 3585). Cf. The BUTCHER looked for his knife and it was in his
mouth. You are like the man that sought his MARE, and he riding on her.
Trust not a HORSE's heel, nor a dog's tooth. Pazi se od kowsko kopito i od pesji zabi.
He that reckons without his HOST must reckon twice. Smetka bez
− 236 −
Bone Veličkovski
430.
431.
432.
433.
434.
435.
436.
437.
438.
439.
440.
441.
442.
443.
444.
kr~mar ne se pravi.
An HOUR in the morning is worth two in the evening. Eden ~as nautro
vredi kolku dva nave~er. Var. Ne menuvaj belo za crno. (Dewe raboti, no}e spij!). Se smejt denot na no}nata rabota. (Kav.
3297).
It chances in an HOUR, that happens not in seven years. [to nosit
saatot, ne nosit godinata. (MNU 6884).
The morning HOUR has gold in its mouth. Koj rano ranit, dve stre}i
grabit. (Kav. 1654). Var. Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava.
(MNU 3198). Koj{to rano stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199).
Koj{to rano stanua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352). Toj {to rano stanua i Gospod mu pomagat.
(MNU 6244). Sim. The Muses love the morning.
Burn not your HOUSE to fright the mouse away. Ne pali ja ku}ata za
da go istera{ glu{ecot. Var. Za edna bolva ne pali ja celata
~erga. (MNU 2163).
In the HOUSE of a fiddler all fiddle. Vo ku}ata na tapanxija, se' babni.
It is a sad HOUSE where the hen crows louder than the cock. Te{ko na
taa ku}a kade{to koko{kata pee, a petelot jajca kva~i.
When the HOUSE is burned down, you bring water. Po svadba topani.
(MNU 5169). Var. Po smrt boles. (MNU 5180). Cf. When a thing is
done, ADVICE comes too late. It's too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the
horse has bolted. It is easy to be WISE after the event.
Woeful is the HOUSEHOLD that wants a woman. Te{ko na taa ku}a bez
èna.
HUNGER drives the wolf out of the woods. Gladen v'lk postred selo
ojt. (Kav. 436).
HUNGER finds no fault with the cookery. Gladen kow matna voda ne
gleda. (MNU 1075). Sim. Hunger is the best sauce. Hunger makes hard
beans sweet.
All are not HUNTERS that blow the horn. Ne sekoj e lovec {to nosi
pu{ka.
He that HURTS another hurts himself. Koj na drug mu nanesuva nepravda, sam }e si ja trga. Var. Koj {~o prajt, sebesi si prajt.
(Kav. 1692). Cf. He that MISCHIEF hatches, mischief catches.
A HUSBAND must be deaf and the wife blind to have quietness. Maòt
treba da e gluv, a ènata slepa za da bidat obajcata sre}ni. Var. A
deaf husband and a blind wife are always a happy couple.
HUSBAND, don't believe what you see, but what I tell you. Ne im veruvaj na o~ite, maù, slu{aj {to ti velam jas.
The HUSBAND is always the last to know. Maòt sekoga{ posleden
doznava. Var. The cuckold is the last that knows of it.
− 237 −
445.
The HUSBAND is the head of the wife. Maòt e glava na ènata.
(Ephesians 5, 23 / Efesjani 5, 23; I Corinthians 11, 3 / I Korintjani 11,
3).
I
446.
447.
448.
An IDLE person is the devil's cushion. Mrzliviot e pernica na
|avolot. Var. Siromav ~vek - gotov |aol. (Kav. 3346).
Be not IDLE, and you shall not be longing. Glaata }e mu trgat od pustata mrza. (MNU 1056). Var. Ostaj ja mrzata, vati ja brzata.
(MNU 4812).
IDLE people have the least leisure. Mrzlivite (bezrabotnite) lu|e
imaat najmalku vreme. Sim. A sluggard takes an hundred steps because
he would not take one in due time. Koja nevesta ja mrzit da mesit
leb, (taa) seedno se' bra{no seit. (Koj ne saka da svr{i nekoja rabota, toj se' }e nao|a pre~ki, boèm ima nekakvi pri~ini za toa itn.).
449.
450.
451.
452.
453.
454.
(MNU 2985).
IDLENESS is the key of poverty. Mrzlivosta e klu~ot za siroma{tijata. Mrzata si ja nosit siroma{tijata po sebe. (MNU
3839). Var. Sloth is the key to poverty. Cf. The SLOTHFUL man is the beggar's brother.
IDLENESS is the mother of all vice. Mrzelivosta u~i na mnogu
lo{otii. (Ecclesiasticus 33, 27 / Sirah 33, 28). Var. Lenosta e majka
na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834). Mrzelivosta e po~etok na site
lo{otii. (P.D. 1884). Idleness is the root (mother) of all evil. Polo{o
od mrza ni{~o nemat na vekov. (Kav. 2966). Rabotata go krasi
~oeka, a mrzata go gnasi. (MNU 5319). Od mrza pote{ko nema.
(MNU 4661). Od mrzava du{a izlava. (MNU 4660). Stramotata
sedit vo bezrabotata. (MNU 6067). Cf. By DOING nothing we learn to
do ill.
By IGNORANCE we mistake, and by mistakes we learn. Na gre{kite se
u~ime za da ne gi povtorime. (P.D. 1947). Var. Gre{kite se po
insanot (qu|eto). (Kav. 563). Sim. Failure teaches success. Mistakes
are often the best teachers.
He that does ILL hates the light. Sekoj koj pravi zlo ja mrazi svetlinata. (John 3, 20 / Jovan 3, 20). Var. Koj lo{o prajt, lo{o
do~ekvit. (Kav. 1589). Koj lo{o prajt, na dobro neka ne se nadejt. (Kav. 1590).
ILL gotten, ill spent. Kako do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (Bez trud
spe~aleno bogatstvoto bespolezno se rastura.). (MNU 2725). Var. Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Evil gotten, evil spent.
Of one ILL come many. Lo{oto donesua u{te polo{o. (MNU 3549).
Sim. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes
− 238 −
Bone Veličkovski
455.
456.
457.
458.
459.
460.
461.
on the neck of another. Cf. MISFORTUNES never come singly.
ILL LUCK is good for something. Sekoe zlo, ima svoe dobro. (P.D.
3155). Var. Sekoe zlo za dobro. (Kav. 3217). Cf. Nothing so BAD in
which there is not something of good.
An ILL TURN is soon done. Lo{oto lesno idet (dojdvit), ama lesno
ne si ojt, (ama m'~no si ojt.). (Kav. 1878).
Give him an INCH, and he'll take an ell. Ako mu dade{ peda, }e ti bara cel ar{in. Var. Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto. (MNU 101). Cf. Give a clown your FINGER, and he will take your
hand. Ako mu go podaj{ prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav.
62).
INDUSTRY is fortune's right hand, and frugality her left. Rabotlivosta
e desna raka na sudbinata, a mrzlivosta leva.
IRON not used soon rusts. @elezoto {to ne se koristi brgu
'r|osuva. Cf. RUST eats up iron. 'R|ata go jade èlezoto.
IRON whets iron. @elezoto se ostri so èlezo. (Proverbs 27, 17 /
Poslovici 27, 17). Var. @elezoto èlezo trie, a zboroite umo.
(MNU 2043). Sim. One knife whets another.
Strike while the IRON is hot. @elezoto se kove dodeka je è{ko.
(MNU 2045). Var. @elezono se kojt duri e xe{ko. (Kav. 892).
@elezoto se ~uka, dodeka e vru}o. (MNU 2046). D'roto se vie
dode e suroo. (MNU 1811). Sim. Make hay while the sun shines. Hoist
your sail when the wind is fair.
J
462.
463.
464.
465.
466.
467.
468.
469.
Every JACK must have his Jill. Sekoja vre}a si ima svoja zakrpa. Cf.
There is not so bad a GILL, but there's as bad a Will.
JEALOUSY is cruel as the grave. Qubomorata e cvrsta kako grob.
(Song of Solomon 8, 6 / Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6).
Leave a JEST when it pleases you best. Prestani koga ti e najslatko.
Var. Leave a jest when it pleases lest it turn to earnest. Sim. Leave off while
the play is good.
Long JESTING was never good. Golemo uìvawe, golemo kaewe. Cf.
Leave a JEST when it pleases you best.
JOVE laughs at lovers' perjuries. Jupiter se smee na qubovnite zakletvi.
After JOY comes annoy. Po radost - neprijatnost. Var. Po smeh vik
dohad'. (MNU 5179). Cf. SADNESS and gladness succeed each other.
The JOY of the heart makes the face fair. Veseloto srce go razvedruva liceto. (Proverbs 15, 13 / Poslovici 15, 13).
Don't JUDGE every one by your own measure. Sekoj si kroj so
ar{ino svoj. (MNU 5620).
− 239 −
470.
471.
472.
JUDGE not, that ye be not judged. Ne sudete, za da ne bidete sudeni.
(Matthew 7, 1 / Matej 7, 1). Var. Sos kakva mera meri{, sos takva }e
ti merat. (MNU 5955).
JUDGE nothing before the time. Ne sudete ni{to predvreme. (I Corinthians 4, 5 / I Korintjani 4, 5).
The JUST shall live by faith. Pravednikot }e ìvee od verata. (Romans 1, 17 / Rimjani 1, 17).
K
473.
474.
475.
KEEPING is harder than winning. Pote{ko e da se so~uva otkolku da
se spe~ali. Var. Mnozina znajat za pari da vadat, a malcina
znaat da i' dràt. (MNU 3787).
He that will eat the KERNEL must crack the nut. Ako saka{ da ja jade{
jatkata treba da ja skr{i{ lu{pata. Sim. You cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs. Cf. He that would eat the FRUIT must climb the
tree.
The KETTLE calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse). Se posmeal 'rbol
na {~rbol. (MNU 5680). Var. Se posmeal ~erepot na {utarot.
(Se udavil vo vini, a obvinuva drug, kaj kogo zabeleàl nekoja mala pogre{ka.). (MNU 5681). Sim. The pot calls the kettle black. Cf. Thou art a
476.
477.
478.
479.
480.
481.
bitter BIRD, said the raven to the starling. The FRYING-PAN said to the kettle,
"Avaunt, black brows!" êrep {utarka prekarvit. (Kav. 3887). Se
posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682).
A golden KEY can open any door. Zlatniot klu~ ja otvora sekoja
vrata. Var. Parata èlezna vrata otvara i zatvara. (MNU
4902). Parata i èlezna vrata otvarat. (Kav. 2817). Sim. There is
no lock but a golden key will open it. Cf. No LOCK will hold against the
power of gold.
The KICK of the dam hurts not the colt. Od klocata na kravata nema
da umre teleto.
Every man is a KING in his own house. Sekoj e stopan vo svojata
ku}a. Var. Every groom is a king at home. Sim. Every dog is a lion at home.
Sekoe petle na svoeto buni{te si pee. (MNU 5574). Seko ku~e
doma si lait. (MNU 5632). Cf. A COCK is bold on his own dunghill.
Like KING, like people. Kakov kral, takov narod. Var. Kakov pretsedatel, takov narod. (P.D. 1415). Like prince, like people. Cf. Like
MASTER, like man. Kakov stopan, takov sluga.
The KING is dead. Long live the King! Kralot e mrtov. Da ìvee
kralot!
Where nothing is, the KING must lose his right. Toa {~o nemat i carot ne jajt. (MNU 6215). Var. Where nought's to be got, kings lose their
− 240 −
Bone Veličkovski
482.
483.
484.
485.
486.
487.
488.
489.
scot. Cf. A man cannot GIVE what he hasn't got. He that has NOTHING needs
fear to lose nothing.
KINGDOMS divided soon fall. Podelenite kralstva brgu propa|aat.
Var. Zulum duri ne bide, carstvo ne gine. (P.D. 1142). Sim. Divide
and rule. Razdeli i vladej.
A fat KITCHEN is near to poverty. Bogata trpeza, skora siroma{tija.
When a KNAVE is in a plum-tree, he has neither friend nor kin. Koga se
storil E|uptinot car, prvo tatka si go obesil. (Kav. 1478). Sim.
Set a beggar on horseback, and he'll ride to the Devil. No pride like that of
an enriched beggar.
KNOW thyself. Spoznaj se samiot sebe si.
KNOWLEDGE is power. Znaeweto e sila. Var. Sekoe znaewe e bogatstvo. (P.D. 3157).
He that increaseth KNOWLEDGE increaseth sorrow. [to pove}e
znaewe, toa pove}e bolki. (Ecclesiastes 1, 18 / Propovednik 1, 18).
Var. Koj poe}e znait, poe}e }e trgat. (MNU 3082). Koj mnogu
zn'jt, mnogu trgat. (Kav. 1596). Sim. Much science, much sorrow. Koj
mnogu znae, mnogu }e strada.
KNOWLEDGE without practice is nothing. Znaeweto bez praksa ne
vredi mnogu.
He that KNOWS nothing doubts nothing. Toj {to ni{to ne znae, vo
ni{to ne se somneva.
L
490.
491.
492.
493.
At latter LAMMAS. (To put off forever). Koga pusni kowa roga. (MNU
2941). Var. Na kukovo leto. Na kukov den.
The LABOURER is worthy of his hire. Trudbenikot ja zasluùva svojata plata. (Luke 10, 7 / Luka 10, 7).
He that LABOURS and thrives spins gold. Koj raboti i {tedi zlato
prede. Var. Rabotata et od boga blaosovena. (MNU 5321).
Every LAND has its own law. Sekoe selo svoj zakon (si imat). (Sekoj
si ja vr{i rabotata kako {to naviknal; ili sekoj si ja upravuva ku}ata i
si gi vr{i ku}nite raboti spored svojot sopstven doma{en obi~aj i navika.). (MNU 5576). Cf. So many COUNTRIES, so many customs.
494.
495.
496.
497.
498.
Good LAND: evil way. Dobra zemja - lo{ zakon.
Many a one for LAND takes a fool by the hand. Mnozina za pari stanale |avoli.
Woe to thee, O LAND, when thy King is a child! Te{ko tebe, zemjo,
koga ti e carot premlad! (Ecclesiastes 10, 16 / Propovednik 10, 16).
No LARDER but hath his mice. Kaj {to ima ìto ima i gluvci.
To think that LARKS will fall into one's mouth ready roasted. Mu se
~ini deka pe~eni koko{ki (fazani) pa|aat od neboto. Var. Ne
− 241 −
499.
500.
501.
502.
503.
504.
505.
506.
507.
508.
509.
510.
511.
512.
513.
514.
515.
padinet pe~eni piliwa od nebo. (Kav. 2397). He thinks that roasted
larks will fall into his mouth. Sim. You may gape long enough ere a bird fall
in your mouth. If the sky falls we shall catch larks.
He that comes LAST to the pot is soonest wroth. Na docna dojdenite koskite. Var. Koj docna doa|a, lo{o sedi. (P.D. 1505).
The LAST shall be the first. Poslednite }e bidat prvi. (Matthew 19,
30 / Matej 19, 30).
Better LATE than never. Poarno nekoga{, otkolku nikoga{. (Kav.
2901). Var. Nikoga{ ne e dockna. (Kav. 2508). Cf. It is not LOST that
comes at last.
LAUGH before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. Koj se smee nautro,
}e pla~e nave~er. He that laughs in the morning, weeps at night. If you
sing before breakfast, you'll cry before night. He that sings on Friday, will
weep on Sunday. Sim. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Cf. SADNESS
and gladness succeed each other.
The day is lost on which you did not LAUGH. Sekoj den bez nasmevka e
izguben den. (P.D. 3164).
He LAUGHS best who laughs last. Koj se smejt najoyadi, najblago se
smejt. (Kav. 1675). Var. He who laughs last, laughs longest. Sim. Let them
laugh that win. He laughs who wins. Better the last smile than the first
laughter.
Too much LAUGHTER discovers folly. Koj mnogu se smee go smetaat za
budala.
Every LAW has a loophole. Vo sekoj zakon ima dupki.
Much LAW, little justice. Mnogu zakon, malku pravda.
The LAW grows of sin, and chastises it. Zakonot rasne vrz vinata za
da ja kazni. Sim. Of evil manners spring good laws.
The LAW is good, if a man use it lawfully. Zakonot e dobar, ako nekoj
go primenuva zakonski. (I Timothy 1, 8 / I Timotej 1, 8).
LAWS go as kings like. Zakonot se sproveduva po volja na kralevite. Sim. What the kings wills, that the law wills.
Wrong LAWS make short governance. Lo{ite (strogite) zakoni ne
traat dolgo. Var. Strogite vladeteli ne vladeat dolgo.
LAWSUITS consume time, and money, and rest, and friends. Na sudeweto se tro{at pari, se gubi vreme i se ostanuva bez prijateli.
A LAWYER's opinion is worth nothing unless paid for. Misleweto na
advokatot vredi samo ako dobro mu se plati.
A small LEAK will sink a great ship. Od malo dup~e moè da potone i
golem brod. Sim. Little strokes fell great oaks. Cf. A little STONE in the way
overturns a great wain.
LEARN weeping, and you shall gain laughing. Ako nau~i{ da pla~e{,
}e znae{ i kako da se smee{. Var. Onie {to sejat so solzi,
− 242 −
Bone Veličkovski
516.
517.
518.
519.
520.
521.
522.
523.
524.
525.
526.
527.
528.
529.
530.
531.
532.
533.
`neat so pesni. (Psalms 126, 5 / Psalmi 126, 5).
What we first LEARN we best know. [to najprvin }e se nau~i, najdobro }e se zapameti. Sim. Whoso learneth young forgets not when he is
old. Cf. What YOUTH is used to, age remembers.
Much LEARNING makes men mad. Tvoite mnogubrojni pisma te dovele do ludilo; Tvoeto golemo znaewe te pravi lud. (Acts 26, 24 /
Apostolski dela 26, 24). Var. Od mnogu u~ewe glava boli.
Better LEAVE than lack. Poarno da ostane otkolku da ne stigne.
Everyone stretches his LEGS according to the length of his coverlet.
Kolku ti e rogoàta, tol'ku pruì 'i nogite. (GK, II, str. 181).
Var. Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. Sim. Stretch your arm no
further than your sleeve will reach. Cf. Cut your COAT according to your
cloth.
The LETTER killeth, but the spirit giveth life. Bukvata ubiva, a Duhot
oìvuva. (II Corinthians 3, 6 / II Korintjani 3, 6).
A LIAR is not believed when he speaks the truth. Koj edno{ka
izm'mit, posle i vistinata da je ka`vit, ne mu vervet. (Kav.
1550a). Sim. He that once deceives is ever suspected. Koj edno{ka
izm'mit, vtor p't ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550).
Show me a LIAR, and I will show you a thief. Pokaì mi la`livec,
}e ti pokaàm kradlivec. Var. Koj laì, i kradi. (MNU 3037). Cf.
He that will LIE will steal. LYING and thieving go together.
LIARS have need of good memories. La`livcite treba da imaat dobro pomnewe. Var. La`goto ima dobro pamtewe. (P.D. 1649).
He that will LIE will steal. Koj laè toj i kradi. Koj m'mit i kradit.
(Kav. 1603). Cf. Show me a LIAR and I will show you a thief. LYING and
thieving go together.
One LIE makes many. Od edna laga pove}e se ra|aat.
"They say so" is half a LIE. Koj veli "taka kaùvaat", ve}e e polovina laga. Cf. ALMOST and very (well) nigh saves many a lie.
Though a LIE be well dressed, it is ever overcome. Iako na lagata i' e
ubava rubata, ne moè da se sokrie.
LIES have short legs. Lagata kusa ja ima nogata. (MNU 3404).
He is unworthy of LIFE that causes not life in another. Ne zasluùva
da ìvee toj {to drug go li{uva od ìvot.
LIFE is a battle. @ivotot na ~ovekot na zemjata e borba. (P.D. 995).
No man has a lease of his LIFE. Nikoj ne znojt koga }e umrit. (P.D
2442).
To lengthen your LIFE, lessen your meals. Ako saka{ da si go prodolì{ ìvotot, olesni si go obrokot. Var. Mala ve~eri~ka dolga ìvea~ka. (P.D. 1777).
While there is LIFE, there is hope. Za onoj koj e me|u ìvite, ima
nade`. (Ecclesiastes 9, 4 / Propovednik 9, 4). Var. Dodeka di{am, se
− 243 −
534.
535.
536.
537.
538.
539.
540.
541.
542.
543.
nadevam. (P.D. 808).
LIGHTLY gained, quickly lost. Nepravedno spe~aleno, ne stigvit ni
do tretoto koleno. (Kav. 2408). Sim. Quickly come, quickly go. So got,
so gone. Cf. EASY come, easy go. Come with the WIND, go with the water.
LIKE cures like. Sli~noto sli~no lekuva. Var. Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453). Sim. One poison drives out another. Cf. One DEVIL
drives out another. One NAIL drives out another.
LIKE will to like. Sli~noto so sli~no se privlekuva. Sim. Likeness
causes liking. Cf. BIRDS of a feather flock together.
There is a LIMIT to everything. Se' ima granica.
There is a LIMIT to one's patience. Ima granica na se~ija strplivost. Sim. Patience provoked turns to fury.
One does not wash one's dirty LINEN in public. Ne~istite ali{ta
doma se perat. Var. Do not wash your dirty linen in public. Dirty linen
should be washed at home.
The LION is known by his claws. Lavot po kanxite se poznava. Sim.
An ass is known by his ears. The devil is known by his claws.
In the LION's skin cannot the fox's shall. Vo lavovska koà lisica ne
stoi. Cf. Either by MIGHT or by sleight.
The LION's share. Lavovski del.
LIP-HONOUR costs little, yet may bring in much. Arniot zbor èlezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 172). Var. Blagiot zbor i èlezna vrata
otvorat. (Kav. 244). Medenata usta èlezni vra}e otvorat.
(Kav. 1930). Blaga re~ èlezna vrata otvorat. (MNU 515). Blagata lakrdija èlezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Slatkata re~
i èlezna vrata otvarat. (So blagi zborovi moè{ da gi skroti{
i najkoravite srca i da gi privle~e{ kon sebe i najsvirepite lu|e.).
544.
545.
546.
547.
548.
(MNU 5829). Sladkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU
5826). Sim. Civility costs nothing. Good words cost naught. A man's hat in
his hand, never did him any harm. Cf. Kind WORDS go a long way.
Scald not your LIPS in another man's pottage. Ne gori si gi usnite vo
tu|a ~orba. Var. Ne ~ukaj ~u`da 'r`. (MNU 4416). Sim. Manxa
{to ne jadi{, {to se griì{ ak' izgore. (MNU 3650).
LISTENERS never hear any good of themselves. Koj gi slu{a drugite
nikoga{ ubavo za sebe ne }e ~ue. Var. Eavesdroppers never hear any
good of themselves. Sim. He who peeps through a hole, may see what will
vex him.
LITTLE and often fills the purse. Malku i ~esto go polni }eseto. Sim.
Grain by grain, and the hen fills her belly. Zrno po zrno - poga~a, kamen
po kamen - palata. (P.D. 1141).
LIVE and learn. ôvek se u~i dodeka e ìv. Cf. Never too OLD to learn.
LIVE and let live. @ivej i ostavi gi i drugite da ìveat.
− 244 −
Bone Veličkovski
549.
550.
551.
552.
553.
554.
555.
556.
557.
558.
559.
560.
561.
562.
563.
564.
565.
We must LIVE by the quick, not by the dead. Mrtvite so mrtvi,
ìvite so ìvi. Var. We must live by the living, not by the dead. Sim. Let
the dead bury the dead and the living lead a gay life. Cf. Let the DEAD bury
their dead.
All that LIVES must die. Se' {to e ìvo mora da umre. Var. [~o
vleglo v lelejka, }e vlezit i v nosilo. (Sekoj {to se rodil i }e
umre.). (MNU 6940). Koj ne se rodil, ne }e umrit; a koj se rodil, }e
umrit. (MNU 3053). Cf. He that is once BORN, once must die. All MEN are
mortal.
He LIVES long that lives well. Dolgo ìvee koj dobro ìvee.
No LOCK will hold against the power of gold. Zlatoto e klu~ za site
vrati. (P.D. 1120. Cf. A golden KEY can open any door.
Crooked LOGS make straight fires. Ako mi e kriv oxako, koga mi izleguva naprao ~adot. (MNU 94).
LOOKERS-ON see more than players. Gleda~ite gledaat pove}e od
igra~ite. Var. Lookers-on see most of the game. Standers-by see more
than gamesters.
A LORD without riches is a soldier without arms. Gospodar bez bogatstvo e kako vojnik bez oru`je. Sim. Nothing agreeth worse than a
lord's heart and a beggar's purse.
Whom the LORD loveth, he chasteneth. Gospod go kaznuva onoj, kogo
go qubi. (Hebrews 12, 6 / Evrei 12, 6).
The LOSER is always laughed at. Toj {to gubi, sekoga{ e ismean.
Sim. Loss embraces shame.
One never LOSES by doing a good turn. Koj pravi dobro nikoga{ ne
gubi. Var. Koj dobro prajt, nema zo{~o da se kajt. (Kav. 1546). Cf.
A good DEED is never lost.
There's no great LOSS without some gain. Nema gubitok bez nekoja
dobivka. Var. No great loss but some small profit.
It is not LOST that comes at last. Podobro podocna otkolku nikoga{.
Sim. It is never long that comes at last. Cf. Better LATE than never.
Follow LOVE and it will flee thee; flee love and it will follow thee. Ako
odi{ po qubovta, taa }e bega od tebe; ako bega{ od nea taa }e
tr~a po tebe.
LOVE and a cough cannot be hid. Qubov i ka{lica ne se krijet (ne
moèt da se skrijet). (Kav. 1882). Var. Qubovta i ka{licata ne
se krijat. (MNP 2071).
LOVE cannot be compelled. So sila qubov nema. Sim. Fanned fires and
forced love never did well yet. So sila ubavina nema. (P.D. 3355).
LOVE covers many infirmities. Qubovta gi pokriva site pogre{ki.
(Proverbs 10, 12 / Poslovici 10, 12). Var. Love covers many faults.
LOVE is a sweet torment. Qubovta e slatko ma~ewe (izma~uvawe).
Sim. Love is full of trouble. The course of true love never did run smooth.
− 245 −
566.
567.
568.
569.
570.
571.
572.
573.
574.
575.
576.
577.
578.
579.
580.
581.
582.
583.
LOVE is blind. Qubovta e slepa. Var. Qubovta e ubava, no e slepa.
(MNP 2070). Sim. Affection blinds reason. Qubovta ubajna ne gqat.
(Kav. 1884). Nikoj ne gleda koga e ludo zaquben. (P.D. 2432).
LOVE is never without jealousy. Qubov bez qubomora ne odi.
LOVE is not found in the market. Qubovta ne se prodava na pazar.
LOVE is strong as death. Qubovta e silna kako smrtta. (Song of Solomon 8, 6 / Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6).
LOVE is sweet in the beginning but sour in the ending. Qubovta e
slatka na po~etokot, no gorka na krajot. Var. Qubovta e
po~etok na dobroto i zloto. (P.D. 1730).
LOVE is the fruit of idleness. Qubovta e rabota za tie {to se bez
rabota. (P.D. 1731).
LOVE is without reason. Vo qubovta nema razum. Sim. No folly like
being in love.
LOVE makes all hearts gentle. Qubovta go razne`nuva sekoe srce.
LOVE will find a way. Qubovta pobeduva se'. (P.D. 1740).
LOVE will go through stone walls. Qubovta niz kameni yidovi minuva.
No herb will cure LOVE. Za qubovta nema lek.
No LOVE like the first love. Prvata qubov ne se zaborava. Var.
Prvata qubov e poslatka i od med. (P.D. 2860). Sim. Of soup and
love, the first is the best.
Old LOVE will not be forgotten. Starata qubov ne se zaborava. Var.
Starata qubov ne 'r|osuva. (P.D. 3423). Sim. Of soup and love, the
first is the best.
Perfect LOVE casteth out fear. Sovr{enata qubov go izgonuva stravot. (I John 4, 18 / I Jovan 4, 18).
The LOVE of money is the root of all evil. Srebroqubieto e koren na
sekakvi zla. (I Timothy 6, 10 / I Timotej 6, 10). Var. Money is the root
of all evil.
There is nothing worse than an old LOVER. Nema ni{to polo{o od
star qubovnik.
Give a man LUCK and cast him into the sea. Rodi me so kasmet, ta
frli me na buni{te. (MNU 5413).
LYING and thieving go together. Koj laè, toj i krade. (P.D. 1528).
Cf. Show me a LIAR and I will show you a thief. He that will LIE will steal.
M
584.
All meats to be eaten, and all MAIDS to be wed. Sekoe meso e za jadewe, sekoja devojka e za maèwe. Var. Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka,
koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511).
− 246 −
Bone Veličkovski
585.
586.
587.
588.
589.
590.
591.
592.
593.
594.
595.
596.
597.
598.
A MAN is known by the company he keeps. Kaì mi so kakvi se
druì{, }e ti kaàm kakov si. Var. Sos kakvi se sobere{, takov
}e bide{. (MNU 5956).
A MAN of straw is worth a woman of gold. Ma` od slama vredi kolku
èna od zlato. Var. Poarno tri dni petel, otkolku sto godini
koko{ka. (Kav. 2918).
A MAN without a wife is but half a man. Ma` bez èna e polovina
ma`. Var. Ku}a bez èna - vodenica bez voda. (P.D. 1631). Cf. It is
not good that the man should be ALONE.
Every MAN for himself and God for us all. Sekoj za sebe, a Gospod za
site nas.
Every MAN has his faults. Nikoj ne e bezgre{en. Sim. Show me a man
without a spot, and I'll show you a maid without a fault. Cf. Men are not
ANGELS. Lu|eto ne se angeli.
Every MAN must walk in his own trade. Sekoj treba da si ja gleda
svojata rabota; Sekoj neka ostane onakov kakov e povikan! (I Corinthians 7, 20 / I Korintjani 7, 20). Var. Every man must walk in his own
calling. Sim. Every man as his business lies.
Let an ill MAN lie in thy straw, and he looks to be thy heir. Ako na
lo{iot mu dozvoli{ da legne na tvoja slama, }e bara da ti bide
naslednik. Sim. I gave the mouse a hole and she is become my heir.
MAN proposes, God disposes. ^vek mislit edno, Gospod dat drugo.
(Kav. 3857). Var. Edno ~vek krojt, drugo Gospod prajt. (Kav. 857).
No MAN is born into the world, whose work is not born with him.
ôvekot se ra|a so svojot zanaet.
Remember thou art but a MAN. Seti se deka si samo ~ovek.
The hurt MAN writes with steel on a marble stone. Toj {to patel
pi{uva so ~eli~no pero na mermerna plo~a. Sim. Injuries are written
in brass.
MANY are called, but few are chosen. Mnozina se povikani, a malkumina izbrani. (Matthew 20, 16; 22, 14 / Matej 20, 16; 22, 14). Var.
Mnozina lu|e si mijat racete, za da ru~aat so vladikata, a
malcina }e sednat na negoata trpeza. (MNU 3791).
MANY small make a great. Od malku mnogu stanuva. Sim. Many a little
makes a mickle. Cf. Many DROPS make a shower. PENNY and penny laid up
will be many.
My old MARE would have a new crupper. Stara magarica, (a) crvena
podopa{nica (nosit). (Stara èna, ama se nakontila kako mlada nevesta so nevestinska ruba i belila, {to ne i' prilega na godinite.).
599.
(MNU 6017). Cf. Put not an embroidered CRUPPER on an ass.
You are like the man that sought his MARE, and he riding on her. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne
moè{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.). (MNU 3585). Cf. The BUTCHER
− 247 −
600.
601.
602.
603.
604.
605.
606.
607.
608.
609.
610.
611.
612.
613.
614.
615.
616.
617.
looked for his knife and it was in his mouth. You look for the HORSE you ride
on.
He that cannot abide a bad MARKET deserves not a good one. Koj ne
znae da gubi, ne zasluùva da dobie.
A good MARKSMAN may miss. I najdobriot strelec moè da proma{i.
MARRIAGES are made in Heaven. Brakot e zapi{an na Neboto. Var.
MARRIAGES are planned in Heaven.
He that MARRIES late, marries ill. Dockna ènidba, rani siraci.
(Kav. 728).
Before you MARRY, be sure of a house, wherein to tarry. Pred da se
oèni{, treba ku}a da napravi{.
MARRY your equal. Oèni se so tvojot sli~en. Var. Marry your like
(match). Sim. Like blood, like good, and like age, make the happiest marriage.
Better MASTER one than engage with ten. Podobro eden otkolku deset gospodari.
He can ill be a MASTER that never was a scholar. Toj {to nikoga{ ne
bil ~irak, ne moè da bide majstor.
Like MASTER, like man. Kakov stopan, takov sluga. Cf. Like KING, like
people.
MASTER absent and house dead. Koga stopanot ne e doma ku}ata se
zapustuva.
No man is his craft's MASTER the first day. Ne se stanuva majstor
u{te prviot den.
None is born a MASTER. Nikoj u~en (nau~en) ne se rodil. (Kav.
2521).
Where every man is MASTER the world goes to wreck. Kade {to sekoj
e gospodar svetot propa|a. Cf. There is no good ACCORD where every
man would be a lord.
No man can serve two MASTERS. Nikoj (Nieden sluga) ne moè da
im sluì na dva gospodara. (Matthew 6, 24 / Matej 6, 24; Luke 16, 13 /
Luka 16, 13). Var. Na dve vra}e ku~eto od gladost umirat, (cojsvit). (Kav. 2119). Na ednaga da si izme}ar poarno et, o{to na
siot grad. (MNU 4003). Cf. You cannot serve GOD and Mammon.
He that is not with ME is against me. Koj ne e so Mene, toj e protiv
Mene. (Matthew 12, 30 / Matej 12, 30; Luke 11, 23 / Luka 11, 23).
The MEAN is the best. Malku, ama dobro. Sim. The middle way of measure is ever golden.
Use the MEANS, and God will give the blessing. Mudro postapuvaj i
Gospod }e te blagoslovi.
And with what MEASURE you meet, it shall be measured to you again.
− 248 −
Bone Veličkovski
618.
619.
620.
621.
622.
623.
624.
625.
626.
627.
628.
629.
630.
631.
632.
633.
634.
635.
So kakva merka merite, so takva }e vi se (od)meri. (Matthew 7, 2 /
Matej 7, 2; Luke 6, 38 / Luka 6, 38).
MEASURE for measure. Merka za merka.
MEASURE thrice what thou buyest; and cut it but once. Tripati meri,
edna{ se~i. Var. Measure twice, cut but once.
There is a MEASURE in all things. Za se' ima merka. Sim. Measure is
treasure. Moderation in all things.
After MEAT, mustard. Pomina zimata, ~umu ti je gunata. (MNU
5126). Var. After dinner, mustard. Cf. After DEATH the doctor.
The MEEK will inherit the earth. Krotkite }e ja nasledat zemjata.
(Matthew 5, 5 / Matej 5, 5). Pravednite }e ja nasledat zemjata.
(Psalms 36, 29 / Psalmi 36, 29).
All MEN are free of other men's goods. Lesno e da si dare`liv so
tu|a stoka. Sim. Men are very generous with what costs them nothing. Cf.
Men cut large THONGS of other men's leather.
All MEN are mortal. Site lu|e se smrtni. Sim. It is as natural to be
born as to die. Cf. He that is once BORN, once must die. All that LIVES must
die.
Mind other MEN, but most yourself. Vnimavaj na drugite, no najmnogu na sebesi.
So many MEN, so many opinions. Kolku lu|e, tolku umovi. Var. Many
men have many minds. Cf. So many HEADS, so many minds.
Tall MEN had ever very empty heads. Na visokite lu|e prazni im se
glavite. Var. Gospod boj mu dal, ama um ne mu dal. (Kav. 502). I
j'sikana e visoka, ama senka nemat. (Kav. 1180). I j'sikana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1181). I topolana e visoka, ama
~avki je seret. (Kav. 1262).
There are more MEN threatened than stricken. Pove}emina ima zapla{eni otkolku ubieni.
He that loses is MERCHANT as well as he that gains. Trgovec e i onoj
{to dobiva i toj {to gubi. Var. ]arot i zijanot se bra}a.
MESSENGERS should neither be headed nor hanged. Glasnicite nitu
se pogubuvaat nitu besat (se po{teduvaat).
Either by MIGHT or by sleight. Ili so sila ili so itrina. Cf. In the
LION's skin cannot the fox's shall.
MIGHT is right. Kade ima sila nema pravina.
In vain is the MILL-CLOCK if the miller his hearing lack. Vo vodenica
budilnik ne treba. Var. Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit. (Kav.
2231).
Every MILLER draws water to his own mill. Sekoj vodeni~ar si ja
vrti vodata na svoja vodenica. Var. Sekoja motika vle~e kon sebe.
(P.D. 3190).
A contented MIND is a continual feast. Komu srceto e veselo, na gozbi
− 249 −
636.
637.
638.
639.
640.
641.
642.
643.
644.
645.
646.
647.
648.
649.
650.
651.
e postojano. (Proverbs 15, 15 / Poslovici 15, 15). Cf. CONTENT is happiness.
A sound MIND in a sound body. Zdrav duh vo zdravo telo.
He that MISCHIEF hatches, mischief catches. Koj bura see, nevreme
`nee. Cf. He that HURTS another hurts himself.
MISCHIEF comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce. Bolesta
idi u ~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Cf. DISEASES come
on horseback, but go away on foot.
MISCHIEF has swift wings. Bolesta lesno doa|a, a lesno ne si ode.
(MNU 600).
The MISER is always in want. Skràviot nikoga{ ne se nasituva.
Var. Skràiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). Titizot
(skràviot) i koga umirat ne prajt arno (dobro). (Kav. 3621).
A MISERLY father makes a prodigal son. Na skapernik tatko, rasipnik sin. Var. Titiz (skràv) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622).
MISFORTUNES never come singly. Niedna nesre}a ne doa|a sama.
Var. Niedna lo{otija ne doa|a sama. (P.D. 2424). Misfortunes never
come alone. Sim. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. It never rains but it pours. Cf. Of one
ILL come many.
MODERATION in all things. Treba da se bide umeren vo se'.
A man without MONEY is no man at all. ôvek bez pari e kako senka
bez telo. (P.D. 3926). Var. Ima{ pari - vezir, nema{ pari - reziq.
(Kav. 1210). Ima{ pari, ima{ fara (rodnini); nema{ pari, nema{ fara. (Kav. 1212). Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est, nema{ pari nema{ ~est. (Kav. 1214). Sim. A gentleman without an estate is like a pudding without suet. A man without money is a bow without an arrow.
He that has MONEY has what he wants. Koj{to ima pari, {to saka so
niv raboti. (MNU 3172).
He that has no MONEY needs no purse. Koj nema pari ne mu treba
}ese.
Lend your MONEY and lose your friend. Prijatelot ako saka{ da go
izgubi{, pozajmi mu pari. Sim. When I lent, I had a friend; but when I
asked, he was unkind. Cf. If you would make an ENEMY, lend a man money,
and ask it of him again.
MONEY answers all things. Srebrenicite nabavuvaat se'. (Ecclesiastes 10, 19 / Propovednik 10, 19).
MONEY commands all. Parata se' moè. Sim. All things are obedient to
money. Love does much, money does everything. Cf. MONEY will do anything.
MONEY draws money. Para na para odi. Sim. Money begets money.
MONEY is round, and rolls away. Parata e trkalezna, lesno si odi.
− 250 −
Bone Veličkovski
652.
653.
654.
655.
656.
657.
658.
659.
660.
661.
662.
663.
664.
665.
666.
667.
668.
669.
MONEY makes money. Para na para se lepi. Cf. MONEY draws money.
MONEY makes the man. Parata go pravi ~ovekot ~ovek. Sim. It is not
what is he, but what has he.
MONEY makes the world go round. Parite go vrtat svetot.
MONEY opens all doors. Na parata site vrati i' se otvoreni.
MONEY will do anything. Za pari se' moè da se kupi. Var. Ima{
pari, ima{ ~est. (Kav. 1213). Sim. All things are obedient to money.
Love does much, money does everything. Cf. MONEY commands all.
The MOON does not heed the barking of dogs. Mese~inata ne se
pla{i od laeweto na ku~iwata. Var. The dog (wolf) barks in vain at
the moon. Cf. DOGS bark, but the caravan goes on. Magareto so rikawe
mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU 3590).
The MOON is not seen where the sun shines. Koga sonceto sveti,
mese~inata ne se gleda. Var. Stars are not seen where the sun shines.
The MORE you get, the more you want. Kolku pove}e ima{, tolku
pove}e saka{. Cf. MUCH would have more. He that has PLENTY of good
shall have more.
Like MOTHER, like daughter. Kakva majka, takva }erka. (Ezekiel 16,
44 / Ezekiel 16, 44). Var. Po majkata }e ja poznaj{ i }erkata.
(Kav. 2970). Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto. (MNU 2691). Cf. A
CHIP off the old block. Like FATHER, like son.
The good MOTHER says not, Will you? but gives. Dobrata majka ne
veli dali saka{; taa dava.
MOTHER-IN-LAW and daughter-in-law are a tempest and hail storm.
Te{tata i snaata se pekol vo ku}ata.
If the MOUNTAIN will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet must go to the
mountain. Ako planinata (bregot) ne dojde kaj Muhamed, Muhamed
}e pojde kaj planinata.
The MOUNTAINS have brought forth a mouse. Se zatresla gora, se
rodilo gluv~e.
A MOUSE in time may bite in two a cable. So vreme gluv~eto na dve go
kine jaèto.
The MOUSE that has but one hole is quickly taken. Glu{ecot {to ima
samo edna dupka, brgu go fa}a ma~kata.
A close MOUTH catches no flies. Vo zatvorena usta ne vleguvaat muvi.
Var. Into a shut mouth flies fly not. Pokrijan g'z nikoj ne go pquvat.
(Kav. 2958). Pokrien g ... nikoj ne go plukat. (MNU 5107). Pokrieno mleko ma~ki ne go lokat. (MNU 5108). Pokrieno mleko
muvite ne go pquvet. (MNU 5109). Pokrieno mleko ne go jadi
peso. (MNU 5110).
Ask MUCH to have a little. Pobaraj mnogu, da dobie{ malku.
MUCH would have more. Koj ima mnogu, }e dobie (}e ima) u{te
pove}e. Cf. The MORE you get, the more you want. He that has PLENTY of
− 251 −
670.
671.
good shall have more.
He who wants a MULE without a fault, must walk on foot. Koj saka
maska bez mana, }e mora da odi pe{. Var. Koj vjat magare, }e mu go
mirisat prdeòt. (Kav. 1536). Koj vjat magare, }e mu go slu{at
rikaweto. (Kav. 1537).
What MUST be, must be. [to }e bide, neka bide. Sim. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. Cf. No flying from FATE. The FATED will happen. He that is born to be HANGED shall be never drowned.
N
672.
For want of a NAIL the shoe is lost; for want of a shoe the horse is lost;
for want of a horse the rider is lost. Koj àqat klinecot, (toj) }e
zagubit plo~ata; (a) koj àqat plo~ata, (toj) }e zagubit i kojnot.
(Koj gi {tedi malite, no nu`ni tro{oci, toj }e zagubi mnogu pove}e od
niv, t.e. se' ona za koe se potrebni tie tro{oci.). (MNU 3019). Sim. Oft
673.
674.
675.
676.
677.
678.
679.
680.
times for sparing of a little cost a man has lost the large coat for the hood.
One NAIL drives out another. Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453).
îvija ~ivija iskaruva. (MNU 6726). Var. îvija ~ivija vade.
(MNU 6727). Sim. One poison drives out another. Cf. One DEVIL drives out
another. LIKE cures like.
No NAKED man is sought after to be rifled. Ne se pla{it siromav od
arami. (Kav. 2425). Cf. The BEGGAR may sing before the thief.
A good NAME is better than riches. Dobro ime e podobro od golemo
bogatstvo. (Proverbs 22, 1 / Poslovici 22, 1). Var. Poarno et da
ima{ ime ~esno o{to mnogu strebro. (MNU 5033). A good name is
better than gold. Sim. Good name is better than a good face.
He that has an ill NAME is half hanged. Toj {to ima lo{o ime e blizu
do besilkata. Var. Poarno o~ite da izlezat na ~oeka o{to
lo{o ime. (MNU 5041). Poarno da ti izlezit edno oko, otkolku
lo{ zbor (lo{o ime). (Kav. 2882). Sim. Ill deemed, half hanged. An ill
wound is cured, not an ill name. Lo{ata pqaga (rana) zazdravjat,
ama lo{jot zbor ne se zaborat. (Kav. 1869).
NATURE does nothing in vain. Prirodata ne pravi ni{to bez
pri~ina.
NECESSITY has no law. Neoqa zakon ne gqat. (Kav. 2387). Var.
Nu`da zakon menuva.
NECESSITY is the mother of invention. Neoqata go u~it ~veka na se'.
(Kav. 2390). Var. Neoqata najmnogu pomogvit. (Kav. 2392). Od
nevolja baba molja. (MNU 4666). Sim. The belly teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of the arts. Cf. POVERTY is the mother of all arts.
NEED makes the old wife trot. Od nu`da i starata baba potskoknuva.
− 252 −
Bone Veličkovski
681.
682.
683.
684.
685.
Var. Od zort i babata zaigrala. (Kav. 2634). Sim. Adversity makes
strange bedfellows. Need makes the naked man run and sorrow makes websters spin.
When NEED is highest, God's help is nighest. Koga e najpotrebno, toga{ Gospod pomaga. Sim. When the night's darkest, the dawn's nearest.
A good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow. Ako ima{ dobar sosed, }e ima{
dobro utro. Var. Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja ispredam kadelkata. (MNU 92). Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu
}e si ja svr{am rabotata. (MNU 93). Sim. All is well with him who is
beloved of his neighbours. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in
peace. Cf. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.
A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Podobar e
sosedot vo blizina, otkolku bratot daleku. (Proverbs 27, 10 / Poslovici 27, 10). Var. Poarno prijateq blizu da ima{, odo{~o
brat daleku. (Kav. 2910). Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata
p~ejnca. (Sakaj go pove}e bli`noto i vidlivoto, od kolku {to
dale~noto i nevidenoto, makar i polo{o da e prvoto.). (MNU 527).
Bliznata jar{ je poblaga od p~eincata. (MNU 528). Better is a
neighbour that is near than a brother far off. Sim. All is well with him who
is beloved of his neighbours. Cf. A good FRIEND is my nearest relation. A
good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow.
Love thy NEIGHBOUR as thyself. Qubi go tvojot blièn kako sebesi.
(Leviticus 19, 18 / Levit 19, 18; Matthew 19, 19; 22, 39 / Matej 19, 19;
22, 39; Mark 12, 31,33 / Marko 12, 31,33; Romans 13, 9 / Rimjani 13, 9;
Galatians 5, 14 / Galatjani 5, 14). Var. Gledaj sos kom{ijata da si
aren. (MNU 1096).
You must ask your NEIGHBOUR if you shall live in peace. Ne kupuj ku}a
bez kom{ija. (MNU 4285). Var. Kupi si prvo kom{ija, (ta) setne
ku}a. (@ivea~kata vo edna ku}a moè da ti bide prijatna ako sosedite se dobri lu|e. Zatoa, koga saka{ da kupi{ tu|a ku}a ili bilo kakov nedvièn imot, potrudi se da se nau~i{ kakvi se sosedite na toj
imot, pa posle re{avaj.). (MNU 3340).
686.
687.
688.
Look to thyself when thy NEIGHBOUR's house is on fire. Ako gorit
ku}ata od kom{ijata, vardi ja i tvojata. (Kav. 17). Var. Gore li na
kom{ijata ku}ata, tr~i da gase{ tvojata. (MNU 1181).
Me~kata {to igrat u kom{iite, }e dojt da poigrat i doma
ti. (Nesre}ata {to gi na{la drugite, ne }e zadocni da te najde i
tebe.). (MNU 3731).
He dwells far from NEIGHBOURS that is fain to praise himself. Toj {to
samiot se fali, daleku ìvee od sosedite. Var. Koj se fali, sam
se pali.
In vain the NET is spread in the sight of any bird. Naprazno e da se
optegnuva mreà pred o~ite na site ptici. (Proverbs 1, 17 / Poslovici 1, 17).
− 253 −
689.
690.
691.
692.
693.
694.
695.
696.
697.
698.
Everything NEW is fine. Se' {to e novo e ubavo. Sim. New things are
fair.
Bad NEWS has wings. Lo{ite vesti imaat krilja. Var. Bad news travels fast. Lo{ite vesti patuvaat brgu.
Ill NEWS comes apace. Dobrata re~ oit na daleku, a lo{ata u{te
ponadaleku. (MNU 1677). Var. Ill news comes unsent for. Cf. Bad NEWS
has wings.
Ill NEWS is too often true. Lo{ite vesti naj~esto se to~ni.
NIGHT is the mother of counsel. Postaro e utroto od ve~erta. (Kav.
3003). Sim. To take counsel of (consult with) one's pillow.
The NIGHT comes when no man can work. Doa|a no}, koga nikoj ne
}e moè da raboti. (John 9, 4 / Jovan 9, 4).
What is done by NIGHT appears by day. [to ste rekle vo temnina,
}e se ~ue na videlina. (Luke 12, 3 / Luka 12, 3).
He that has NOTHING needs fear to lose nothing. Koj nema ni{to, ne
moè da izgubi ni{to. Var. Siromajot od jangan ne berit gajle,
~unki vetvata ruguzina ne mu gorit. (MNU 5783). Siromav od
arami ne se pla{it. (Kav. 3345). Ne se pla{it siromav od arami.
(Kav. 2425). Sim. You cannot lose what you never had. Cf. A man cannot
GIVE what he hasn't got. Where nothing is, the KING must lose his right.
NOTHING comes of nothing. Od ni{to ni{to nema. Var. From nothing
nothing can come. Sim. Nought lay down, nought take up.
NURTURE passes nature. Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487).
Cf. ART improves nature.
O
699.
700.
701.
702.
An OAK is not felled at one stroke. So edno mavnuvawe drvo ne se
se~it. (MNU 5878). Var. Od edno manuawe sekirata ne se~e.
(MNU 4580). Sim. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks. Cf. Rome was not
built in a day.
OAKS may fall when reeds stand the storm. Vo nevreme dabot moè
da se otkorne, a trskata da ostane. Var. Trskana se vitkat sproti vetrot. (Kav. 3663).
He that cannot OBEY cannot command. Koj ne znae da slu{a, ne
moè da nareduva. Sim. He commands enough that obeys a wise man. No
man can be a good ruler unless he has first been ruled.
He that measures OIL shall anoint his fingers. Koj maslo meri, }e si
gi izmasti prstite. Cf. He that has to do with what is FOUL never comes
away clean. He that touches PITCH shall be defiled. Kalot ne go buri~kaj da ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191). Koj kamewa u kal frla
}e se isprska. (Nedeq. str. 191).
− 254 −
Bone Veličkovski
703.
704.
705.
706.
707.
708.
709.
710.
711.
712.
713.
714.
715.
716.
717.
Pouring OIL on the fire is not the way to quench it. So maslo ogin ne
se gasne. Var. Ne turaj na ognot maslo. (MNU 4393).
If you would not live to be OLD, you must be hanged when you are
young. Ako ne saka{ da do~eka{ starost, obesi si dodeka si mlad.
Never too OLD to learn. ôvek nikoga{ ne e star za da nau~i. Cf.
LIVE and learn. ^vek se u~it dur e ìv. (Kav. 3869).
None so OLD that he hopes not for a year of life. Sekoj saka {to podolgo da ìvee. Var. Ovoj vek e mo{ne mil, ama smrten ~as da ne
be{e bil. (MNU 4508).
OLD men are twice children. Starite se dvapati deca. Var. ^vek
dvap'ti se prajt doma{en izme}ar: koga e mal i koga }'ostarit.
(Kav. 3850).
Though OLD and wise, yet still advise. ôvek kolku i da e star i mudar, sekoga{ ima ne{to novo da doznae. Var. ôek se u~i duri da
umri, i na se' ne }e se nau~it. (MNU 6775). ^vek se u~it dur e
ìv i pak neu~en umirat. (Kav. 3870).
ONE and none is all one. Eden kako nieden. Sim. One is no number.
ONE does the scathe, and another has the scorn. Eden pravi, drug
trga. Var. Drugi jajt slivi, drugi fa{~at oskomina. (Kav. 745).
OPPORTUNITY makes the thief. Prilikata od ~esniot pravi
ne~esen. Sim. Ease makes thief. The hole calls the thief. Cf. An open DOOR
may tempt a saint. The back DOOR robs the house.
OPPRESSION makes a wise man mad. Ugnetuvaweto gi pravi mudrite - bezumni. (Ecclesiastes 7, 7 / Propovednik 7, 7).
An OUNCE of fortune is worth a pound of forecast. Pove}e sre}a od
pamet. Var. An ounce of good fortune is worth a pound of discretion.
An old OX makes a straight furrow. Ne u~i star vol da odi pravo vo
brazda. Var. Starjot vol poarno orat. (Kav. 3511).
An OX is taken by the horns, and a man by the tongue. ^vekot se
vrzvit za j'zik, a volot za rogoj. (Kav. 3864). Var. Ajvanot se
vrzvit so j'è, a ~vek so zbor. (Kav. 4). Ajvanot se vrzvit so oglamnik, a ~vekot so j'zik. (Kav. 5). Sim. Words bind men.
Take heed of an OX before; an ass behind, and a monk of all sides. Vardi se od krava ocpredi, a od m'ska odoyadi. (Kav. 296). Var. Vardi
go (vrzi go) popot, za da e mirno seloto. (Kav. 291). Sim. Beware of
the forepart of a woman, the hind part of a mule, and all sides of a priest.
Muzzle not the OXEN's mouth. Ne zavrzuvaj mu ja ustata na volot
koga vr{i. (Deuteronomy 25, 4 / Petta Mojseeva kniga - Vtorozakonie 25, 4).
P
718.
No
PAINS,
no gains. Nema dobriwe bez trudewe. (MNU 4293). Var.
− 255 −
Koj se trudit, (toj) ne gubit. (Trudot nikoga{ ne ostanuva nenagraden.). (MNU 3115). Trudot e imawe. (Kav. 3664). Koj }e se
719.
720.
721.
722.
723.
724.
725.
726.
727.
nam'~it, }e se nau~it. (Kav. 1681). Nothing to be got without pains.
Bez maka nema nauka. (MNU 435). Sim. A horse that will not carry a
saddle must have no oats. Cf. No SWEET without some sweat. He that will
not WORK shall not eat.
PAPER endures all. Hartijata trpi se'. Sim. Paper won't blush. Pens
may blot, but they cannot blush.
He that will enter into PARADISE must have a good key. Koj saka da
vleze vo rajot, mora da ima dobar klu~. Var. Zlatniot klu~ rajski vrati otvora. Zlatoto e klu~ za site vrati. (P.D. 1120.
PARDONING the bad is injuring the good. Koj mu prostuva na lo{iot,
mu nanesuva nepravda na dobriot. Var. Koj krivjot go àqat, na
pravjot mu gre{it. (Kav. 1583). Koj lo{jot go àqat, na arniot lo{o mu prajt. (Kav. 1588). Who pardons the bad, injures the
good. Sim. He that helps the evil hurts the good. Mercy to the criminal may
be cruelty to the people.
The PARSON always christens his own child first. Najprvin Gospod
sebe si si stvoril brada.
The end of PASSION is the beginning of repentance. Koj brzo se èni
poleka se kae.
PATIENCE is a remedy for every grief. Strplivosta e najdobar lek.
Var. Patience is a plaster for all sores. Patience is the best remedy.
PATIENCE is a virtue. Strplivosta e doblest.
PATIENCE overcomes all things. So strplivost se' se postignuva.
Var. Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6266). Sim. Patient men win
the day.
From a bad PAYMASTER get what you can. Veresija, (e) potresija.
(Koj si ja prodava stokata na verba, }e dojde vreme, koga }e se trese za
edna para, - ne }e ima niedna.). (MNU 736). Cf. Of ill DEBTORS men take
728.
729.
730.
731.
oats. Veresija, potresija, daj so race, baraj so noze. (MNU 737).
Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738). Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739).
He that would live in PEACE and rest, must hear, and see, and say the
best. Koj saka da ìvee mirno, treba da slu{a, gleda i malku da ne
zboruva. Sim. Wide ears and a short tongue. Hear and see and say nothing.
Cf. HEAR much, speak little.
The PEACOCK hath fair feathers, but foul feet. Paunot ima ubavo
perje, no ludi noze. Var. Lud g... presna rana. (MNU 3553). Luda
koza, presna rana.
When the PEAR is ripe, it falls. Zrelata kru{a sama si pa|a.
Do not throw PEARLS to swine. Ne frlajte gi svoite biseri pred
sviwite. (Matthew 7, 6 / Matej 7, 6). Var. To cast pearls before swine.
− 256 −
Bone Veličkovski
732.
733.
734.
735.
736.
737.
738.
739.
740.
741.
742.
743.
744.
745.
746.
Na sviwa biser ne niì. (MNU 4104).
Every PEDLAR praises his needles. Sekoja Ciganka svoeto sito si go
fali.
Let every PEDLAR carry his own burden. Sekoe magare svojot tovar
si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Var. Let every pedlar carry his own pack. Sekoja koza za svojata noga visi.
A PENNY at a pinch is worth a pound. Parata vo nema{tina vredi
kolku eden gro{.
A PENNY saved is a penny gained. Za{tedena para e zarabotena para. Var. Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692). Se stori
gro{ot zolata. (Kav. 3301). Sim. Sparing is the first gaining.
In for a PENNY, in for a pound. Kade minuva edno, tamu minuvaat
stotina.
PENNY and penny laid up will be many. Kapka po kapka vir, denar po
denar sto iljadi. Var. Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692).
Cf. Many DROPS make a shower. MANY small make a great.
PENNY wise and pound foolish. Sk'p na tricite, evtin na bra{noto.
(Kav. 3362). Sim. Spare at the spigot, and let it out at the bung-hole.
Who will not keep a PENNY, never shall have many. Koj ne stiska parata, ne }e ja dostiska i lirata. (MNU 3055). Var. Koj ne ja vardit parata, ne }e vardit ni gro{. (Kav. 1615). Sim. Take care of
the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.
He who has plenty of PEPPER will pepper his cabbage. Koj ima nogo
piper i v zeleto toruve. (MNU 3024).
PEPPER is black and hath a good smack. Kafeno je crno, ama begoj go
pijeet (snegot je bel, ama ku~iwata go gazeet). (MNU 2873). Var.
Spice is black, but it has a sweet smack.
He that forecasts all PERILS will never sail the sea. Koj se pla{it od
rap~iwa (~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669). Var. Koj se boe od
vrapcite, ne see proso. (MNU 3098). Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159). Ako se pla{e{e dedo od
rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav. 100). He that forecasts all perils
will win no worship. Sim. He that will sail without danger must never come
upon the main sea. He that is afraid of wounds must not come nigh a battle.
He that fears leaves, let him not go into the wood.
No PHYSICIAN like a true friend. Sekoj na sebe si e najdobar lekar.
PHYSICIAN, heal thyself! Lekare, izle~i se sam! (Luke 4, 23 / Luka 4,
23).
They that be whole need not a PHYSICIAN, but they that are sick. Na
zdravite ne im treba lekar, tuku na bolnite! (Matthew 9, 12 / Matej 9, 12; Mark 2, 17 / Marko 2, 17; Luke 5, 31 / Luka 5, 31).
PHYSICIANS' faults are covered with earth. Gre{kite na doktorot se
pokrivaat so zemja. Sim. If the doctor cures, the sun sees it; but if he kills,
− 257 −
747.
748.
749.
750.
751.
752.
753.
754.
755.
756.
757.
the earth hides it.
Never buy a PIG in a poke. Ne kupuvaj ma~ka vo vre}a.
We don't kill a PIG every day. Sekoj den ne se jade banica.
When the PIG has had a belly full, it upsets the trough. Sviwata koga
}e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto. Var. Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto. (Kav. 1755). Cf. It is an ill BIRD that
fouls its own nest. Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto
gnezdo.
When the PIG is proffered, hold up the poke. Koga }e ti dadat prase,
ubavo drì ja vre}ata.
He that will steal a PIN will steal a better thing. Koj }e ukrade igla, }e
ukrade i ne{to pogolemo. Var. Koj ukradit jajce, }e ukradit i
koko{ka. (Kav. 1688). Cf. He that will steal an EGG will steal an ox.
Give the PIPER a penny to play and two pence to leave off. Dala baba
edna para za da se hvatit na oroto; posle davala dve za da ja
pu{~it, ama ne ja pu{~ale. (MNU 1392).
He who digs a PIT for others falls in himself. Koj kopa jama, sam pa|a
vo nea. (Proverbs 26, 27 / Poslovici 26, 27). Var. Koj kopa grob na
drugogo, sam pa|a u nego. (MNU 3032). Koj kopat drugemu grob,
sam (toj) padvit vo nego. (Zemena od Sv. Pismo: "Koj misli ili mu
gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego".). (MNU 3034). Ne kopaj
grob drugemu, oti sam pa|a{ u nego. (Cep. 1972, II: 77). Iskopal
grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego. (Kav. 1256). Cf. To make a SNARE
for another and fall into it oneself. Sim. Harm watch, harm catch.
He that touches PITCH shall be defiled. Koj fa}a smola, }e se izlepi.
(Ecclesiasticus 13, 1 / Sirah 13, 1). Cf. He that has to do with what is
FOUL never comes away clean. He that measures OIL shall anoint his fingers.
The PITCHER goes so often to the well that it is broken at last. Mnogupati odit stomnata na voda zdrava, ama edna{ den }e se okr{it.
(MNU 3777). Var. Stomnata kataden ojt na voda, a eden den }e
se skr{it. (Lo{ite slu~ai ne doa|aat sekoga{, no kako i da e, eden
den moè i da dojdat.). (MNU 6049).
Whether the PITCHER strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher, it is bad
for the pitcher. Dali stomnata }e udri vo kamen, ili kamenot vo
stomna, lo{o e za stomnata. Var. A so grneto po kamen, a so kamenot po grne - te{ko na grneto. (Kav. 184). Dojde kosa do kamena: ja kosata }e se skr{i, ja kameno }e se kr{it. (MNU 1726).
There is no PLACE like home. Kako doma nigde nema. Var. Od svoja
ku}a ni{~o pomilo i poubo nemat. (Kav. 2714). Poubo od doma
nigde nemat. (Kav. 3010). Sim. East, west, home's best. Home is home,
though it be never so homely. Cf. An ENGLISHMAN'S home is his castle. One's
− 258 −
Bone Veličkovski
758.
759.
760.
761.
762.
763.
764.
765.
766.
767.
768.
769.
770.
771.
772.
773.
774.
own HEARTH is gowd's worth. û`xina fali, sam ne odi (doma sedi).
(Kav. 3913).
Hand PLAY, churls' play. Komarot ku}a zapustuva.
You can't PLEASE everyone. Ne se rodil toj {~o moìt sekomu da
mu pomoìt. (Kav. 2427). Sim. It is hard to please all parties. He that all
men will please shall never find ease. He who pleased everybody died before he was born. He has need rise betimes that would please everybody.
After PLEASURE comes pain. Po radost - neprijatnost. Sim. After your
fling, watch for the sting. Cf. After JOY comes annoy. No PLEASURE without
pain.
No PLEASURE without pain. Nema radost bez neprijatnost. Var. No
pleasure without repentance. Cf. After JOY comes annoy. After PLEASURE
comes pain.
Short PLEASURE, long pain. Eden den radost, iljada dni àlost. Sim.
In war, hunting, and love men for one pleasure a thousand griefs prove.
Who will in time present PLEASURE refrain, shall in time to come the
more pleasure obtain. Koj tivko se raduva, dolgo mu trae.
Stolen PLEASURES are sweetest. Kradenite zadovolstva se najslatki.
Var. Kradenoto grozje e poslatko. Sim. Stolen pleasures are sweet.
The apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest. Cf. Forbidden
FRUIT is sweet.
The PLEASURES of the mighty are the tears of the poor. Radosta na bogatite e taga na siroma{nite. Var. Tears of the poor.
He that has PLENTY of good shall have more. Koj ima mnogu, }e ima
u{te pove}e. Cf. The MORE you get, the more you want. MUCH would have
more.
PLENTY brings pride. Bogatstvoto nosi gordost.
PLOUGH deep, while sluggards sleep; and you shall have corn to sell and
keep. Oraj dlaboko, dodeka mrzlivcite spijat; taka }e ima{
p~enka i za prodavawe i za sebe.
The PLOUGH gets not well if the ploughman hold it not. Plugot ne stoi
pravo, ako ora~ot ne go drì cvrsto.
Standing POOLS gather filth. Netreben bunar smrdit. (Kav. 2452).
A POOR man has no friends. Siroma{niot nema prijateli. Sim. Poor
folk's friends soon misken them. Poverty parts fellowship. Prosperity makes
friends, adversity tries them. Cf. In time of PROSPERITY friends will be plenty; in time of adversity not one amongst twenty.
A POOR man wants some things, a covetous man all things. Siroma{niot bara bilo {to, a lakomiot se{to.
A POOR man's tale cannot be heard. Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187). Sim. The reasons of the poor weigh
not.
Giving much to the POOR doth enrich a man's store. Ako mu dava{ na
− 259 −
775.
776.
777.
778.
779.
780.
781.
782.
783.
784.
785.
786.
787.
788.
siromaviot, sebesi si dava{.
He is not POOR that has little, but he that desires much. Ne e siromav
toj {to ima malku, tuku toj {to saka mnogu.
He that hath pity upon the POOR lendeth unto the Lord. Na Gospod mu
pozajmuva koj e milostiv kon bedniot. (Proverbs 19, 17 / Poslovici
19, 17). Var. Daj sadaka (milostina), na Gospoda zaem mu da{.
(Kav. 622).
POOR folks are glad of porridge. Siroma{niot e zadovolen i so leb
i kromid.
The POOR man is aye put to the worst. Slaboto ku~e sekoj go davi.
(Nedeq. str. 187).
The POOR man turns his cake and another comes and takes it away.
Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira rugata. (MNU 1807). Cf. One beats
the BUSH and another catches the birds.
Every POT has its cover. Sekoe grne i kapa~e. Var. Sekoe grne si
saka svojata poklupka. (Sekoe ne{to si go bara svoeto ili sli~niot
si go miluva sli~niot.). (MNU 5566). Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka,
koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511). Si imat kru{a opa{ka.
(Kav. 3325).
The earthen POT must keep clear of the brass kettle. Zemjenoto grne
mora da stoi podaleku od bakarniot kotel. (Ecclesiasticus 13, 2 /
Sirah 13, 2).
POVERTY is no vice but an inconvenience. Siroma{tijata ne e porok,
no nikoj ne ja saka. Sim. Poverty is no sin (crime).
POVERTY is not a shame; but the being ashamed of it is. Siroma{~ijata ne e stram, tuku kradeweto. (Kav. 3353). Var. Siroma{~ijata ne e grev. (Kav. 3352). Sim. Poverty is no disgrace.
POVERTY is the mother of all arts. Siromav ~ovek - ìv |avol. (P.D.
3233). Var. Siroma{~ija(ta e) usilna. (MNU 5790). Sim. The belly
teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of all arts. Cf. NECESSITY is the mother of invention.
When POVERTY comes in at the door, love flies out of the window. Koga
siroma{tijata }e dojde na vrata, qubovta izleguva niz prozorec.
Sim. Love lasts as long as money endures.
PRACTICE makes perfect. So kovawe se stanuva kova~. Sim. Use makes
mastery.
A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. Falba e 'r|a. (MNU 6600).
Var. Falbata e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok,
svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601). Cf. He that PRAISES himself spatters himself. SELF-PRAISE is no recommendation. Koj se fali, sam
se pali.
PRAISE no man till he is dead. ôvekot se fali otkako }e umre.
− 260 −
Bone Veličkovski
789.
790.
791.
792.
793.
794.
795.
796.
797.
798.
799.
800.
801.
802.
Pred smrtta ne kaùvaj za nikogo deka e sre}en, za{to duri na
svojot kraj }e se vidi kakov bil ~ovekot. (Ecclesiasticus 11, 28 / Sirah 11, 28). Cf. Call no man HAPPY till he dies.
PRAISE to the face is open disgrace. Koj sam se fali, sam se pali.
He that PRAISES himself spatters himself. Neka te fali drug, a ne
tvojata usta. (Proverbs 27, 2 / Poslovici 27, 2). Var. Koj sam se fali, sam se srami. Cf. A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. SELF-PRAISE
is no recommendation.
He that would learn to PRAY, let him go to sea. Koj saka da se nau~i da
se krsti i moli, pratete go na more.
The PRAYERS of the wicked won't prevail. Molitvite na lo{iot
~ovek nema da bidat usli{eni. Cf. The BRAYING of an ass does not
reach heaven.
PRETTINESS dies first. Ubavinata brgu minuva. Sim. Beauty is but a
blossom. Cf. BEAUTY fades like a flower.
PRIDE goes before a fall. Gordosta vrvi pred gibelta, i visokoumnosta pred pa|aweto. (Proverbs 16, 18 / Poslovici 16, 18). Sim. Pride
never left his master without a fall.
PRIDE goes before, and shame follows. Gordosta odi napred, a sramot
po nea.
PROCRASTINATION is the thief of time. Odloùvaweto e kradewe
vreme. Cf. TOMORROW never comes.
PROMISE is debt. Fetenoto e borx. (Kav. 3809).
Great PROMISES and small performances. Koj mnogu vetuva, malku
ispolnuva. Sim. He promises mountains and performs molehills.
He that PROMISES too much means nothing. Koj mnogu vetuva, ne
misli da stori. Var. Koj mnogu molitvit, ne mislit da vratit.
(Kav. 1597). Koj mnogu blagodarit, ne mislit da platit. (Kav.
1598).
Between PROMISING and performing a man may marry his daughter.
Me|u vetuvaweto i ispolnuvaweto, moè da se omaì }erkata.
A PROPHET is not without honour save in his own country. Prorokot
ne e bez ~est, osven vo svojata tatkovina i vo svojot dom. (Luke 4,
24 / Luka 4, 24; Matthew 13, 57 / Matej 13, 57; Mark 6, 4 / Marko 6, 4;
John 4, 44 / Jovan 4, 44). Var. Nikoj ne e prorok vo svojata zemja. A
prophet has no honour in his own country. Sekoj e potcenet vo
tatkovinata, pa bilo da e toj i prorok. (P.D. 3167). Vo svojata
{kolka, biserot e bezvreden. (P.D. 487). Pop od dale~na zemja,
podobro ~ita molitva. (P.D. 2804).
Beware of false PROPHETS. Pazete se od la`nite proroci. (Matthew
7, 15; 24, 11, 24 / Matej 7, 15; 24, 11, 24; Mark 13, 22 / Marko 13, 22; II
Peter 2, 1 / II Petar 2, 1; I John 4, 1 / I Jovan 4, 1; Revelation 16, 13 /
Otkrovenie 16, 13).
− 261 −
803.
804.
805.
806.
807.
808.
809.
810.
811.
812.
813.
He who swells in PROSPERITY will shrink in adversity. Koj se due koga
e bogat, }e splasne koga }e osiroma{i.
In time of PROSPERITY friends will be plenty; in time of adversity not
one amongst twenty. Koga si bogat ima{ mnogu prijateli, a koga }e
osiroma{i{ nema da ti ostane nitu eden. Sim. Poverty parts fellowship. Prosperity makes friends, adversity tries them. Cf. A POOR man has no
friends.
PROSPERITY lets go the bridle. Blagosostojbata vodi kon rasipni{tvo.
I PROUD and thou proud, who shall bear the ashes out? Jas gospodin,
ti gospodin (ako sme), ami koj }e go turit ìtoto v'ambar? (MNU
2605).
Make ample PROVISION for old age. Zbiraj na mladost, da ima{ na
starost. (P.D. 1054). Var. Rabotaj na mladost, kri za starost.
(Kav. 3090). Sim. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse.
Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. Cf. For AGE and want
save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Keep SOMETHING for
a rainy day.
PROVISION in season makes a rich house. Ako se snabdi{ so se' na
vreme, ti si bogat ~ovek. Var. Koj ima bra{no doma, siromav ne
slagaj go. (MNU 3164).
Better some of a PUDDING than none of a pie. Poarno suvi korki
otkolku goli koski. Cf. SOMETHING is better than nothing.
It is easier to PULL DOWN than to build. Lesno e da sru{i{, te{ko e
da izgradi{. Var. Lesno e da rasipe{, te{ko e da napravi{.
To the PURE all things are pure. Za ~istite se' e ~isto. (Titus 1, 15 /
Tit 1, 15).
He that has a full PURSE never wanted a friend. Na toj {to mu e polno
}eseto ne mu trebaat prijateli. Cf. RICH folk have many friends.
You cannot make a silk PURSE of a sow's ear. Od svinska koà mev
(gajda) ne se prajt. (Kav. 2711). Sim. You cannot make a horn of a pig's
tail. You cannot make a sieve of an ass's tail.
Q
814.
815.
816.
Like QUESTION, like answer. Kakvo pra{awe, takov odgovor.
He that nothing QUESTIONS, nothing learns. Koj ni{to ne pra{uva,
ni{to ne nau~uva.
QUIETNESS is a great treasure. Mol~eweto e zlato. Sim. Quietness is
best. Cf. SILENCE is golden.
R
− 262 −
Bone Veličkovski
817.
818.
819.
820.
821.
822.
823.
824.
825.
826.
827.
828.
829.
830.
831.
832.
833.
The RACE is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong. Ne ja dobivaat trkata brzite; ni bojot hrabrite. (Ecclesiastes 9, 11 / Propovednik 9, 11).
RAGE is without reason. Vo lutinata nema razum.
RAIN before seven; fine before eleven. Najsilen e vetrot pred da tivnit. (Kav. 2145).
RATS desert a sinking ship. Koga brodot tone, gluvcite prvi go napu{tat. Sim. Rats desert a falling house.
He that takes the RAVEN for his guide will light on carrion. Koj ojt po
bumbar, }e go odnesit na lepe{ka. (Kav. 1639). Var. Koj ojt po
muva, }e go odnesit na lajno. (Kav. 1640).
The RECEIVER is as bad as the thief. Toj {to prima se smeta za kradec isto kako onoj {to ukral. Sim. No receiver, no thief.
Short RECKONINGS make long friends. Dobri prijateli, ama i dobri
esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687). Var. îst esap, bratska qubov. (Kav. 3903). Even reckoning makes long friends.
Every REED will not make a pipe. Od sekoja trska ne se pravi svirka.
Var. Od sekoja vrba svirka ne biva. Od sekoe dreo svirka ne se
prajt. (Kav. 2718). Sim. Every block will not make a Mercury.
Where there are REEDS, there is water. Kade ima trska, tamu ima voda.
The REMEDY may be worse than the disease. Lekot moè da bide polo{ od ranata. Sim. The doctor is often more to be feared than the disease.
There is a REMEDY for everything but death. Za se' ima lek osven za
smrtta. Var. Protiv smrtta nema lek. (P.D. 2914). Na sekoja
boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU
5580). Na sekoja boqka imat lek, a na stramot ni do vek (ni na
toj vek). (Kav. 2203). Sim. A deadly disease neither physician nor physic
can ease. There is no medicine against death.
There is no REMEDY for fear. Nema lek za strav.
Who REPAIRS not his gutter repairs his whole house. Koj nema da go
popravi olukot, }e ja poprava celata ku}a. Sim. He that repairs not a
part builds all. The tailor that makes not a knot loses a stitch. Cf. A STITCH
in time saves nine. Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da se le~i.
REPENTANCE comes too late. Po smrtta kaewe nemat. (Kav. 3000).
As long as I am RICH reputed, with solemn voice I am saluted. Sekoj go
fali bogatiot.
Everyone is akin to the RICH man. Sekoj saka da se srodi so bogatiot.
RICH folk have many friends. Bogatiot ima mnogu drugari. (Proverbs
14, 20; 19, 4 / Poslovici 14, 20; 19, 4). Var. Mnozina imam prijate-
− 263 −
834.
835.
836.
837.
838.
839.
840.
841.
842.
843.
844.
845.
846.
847.
li, ama poe}e mi se ~a{a-dosti. (MNU 3788). Sim. The rich hath
many friends. Cf. He that has a full PURSE never wanted a friend. Everyone
is akin to the RICH man.
RICH man may dine when he will, the poor man when he may. Bogatiot ru~a koga saka, a siroma{niot koga moè.
RICHES bring care and fears. Bogatstvoto nosi grià i strav. Sim.
Much coin, much care.
RICHES have wings. Bogatstvoto ima krilja. (Proverbs 23, 5 / Poslovici 23, 5).
All RIVERS run into the sea. Site reki te~at vo moreto. (Ecclesiastes
1, 7 / Propovednik 1, 7).
To ROB Peter to pay Paul. Go soblekuva Sv. Petar da go oble~e Sv.
Pavle.
Spare the ROD and spoil the child. Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva
sinot. (Proverbs 13, 24 / Poslovici 13, 24; Ecclesiasticus 30, 1 / Sirah
30, 1). Var. Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva sinot. (P.D. 1503).
Sim. The man who has not been flogged is not educated. A pitiful mother
makes a scabby daughter. Cf. Better CHILDREN weep than old men.
ROME was not built in a day. Rim ne e izgraden za eden den.
When in ROME, do as the Romans do. Koga si vo Rim, odnesuvaj se
kako Rimjanite. Var. When you are at Rome, do as the Romans do. Sim.
When you go through the country of the one-eyed, be one-eyed.
Never mention ROPE in the house of a man who has been hanged. Vo
ku}ata na obesen ne zborvi za j'è (fortoma). (Kav. 370). Var.
Name not a rope in the house of a man that was hanged himself.
No ROSE without a thorn. Ni trendafiq bez trn, ni sevda (ni qubov) bez kavga. (Kav. 2550).
The fairest ROSE at last is withered. I najubavata roza na krajot ovenuva.
He that fights and RUNS away, may live to fight another day. Koj se
bori i bega, moè da se spasi i povtorno da se bori. Var. Beganoa
majka belo nosila, a Stojanova crno (nosila). (MNU 408).
He that RUNS fast will not run long. Koj brgu bega, nema dolgo da bega.
RUST eats up iron. 'R|ata go jade èlezoto. Var. Gajleto go jadi
~oeka, kako èlezoto 'r|ata. (MNU 1034). Cf. IRON not used soon
rusts.
S
848.
An empty SACK cannot stand upright. Prazno vre{~e prosto ne
stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne moè ni da raboti ni da ìvee.). (MNU 5215).
− 264 −
Bone Veličkovski
849.
850.
851.
852.
853.
854.
855.
856.
857.
858.
859.
860.
861.
862.
863.
864.
Var. Empty sacks will never stand upright.
SADNESS and gladness succeed each other. Tagata i radosta odat raka
pod raka. (Proverbs 14, 13 / Poslovici 14, 13). Var. Po radost - neprijatnost. Sim. After joy comes annoy. He that sings on Friday will
weep on Sunday. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Cf. LAUGH before
breakfast, you'll cry before supper.
He came SAFE from the East Indies, and was drowned in the Thames.
Go preplival moreto, se udajl na krajot. (Kav. 497). Var. Mnogu
p'ti i najarniot pliva~ se davit. (Kav. 1983). I najarnijot
pliva~ mojt da se udajt. (Kav. 1225).
Easier SAID than done. Polesno e da se kaè otkolku da se napravi.
(P.D. 2783).
No sooner SAID than done. U{te ne dore~e, se stori.
Like SAINT, like offering. Sproti svetecot i sve}ata. (MNU 5998).
Var. Sproti svetecot i praznikot. (MNU 5997). Sproti vera i
ve~era. (MNU 5992).
All are not SAINTS that go to church. Ne e sekoj kalu|er {to nosi
raso i kamilavka. Sim. All are not merry that dance lightly. Cf. All are
not HUNTERS that blow the horn.
Do not offer SALT or brains. Sol i sovet se davaat samo koga se bara.
Var. Help you to salt, help you to sorrow.
SAYING and doing are two things. Od kaùvawe do biduvawe e daleku kako od zemja do nebo. Var. Od re~eno do storeno, ko od nebo
do zemi. (Kav. 2709). Cf. SAYING is one thing, and doing another. From
WORD to deed is a great space.
SAYING is one thing, and doing another. Zboruvawe e edno, a pravewe
e drugo.
Who SAYS A must say B. Ako kaè{ edno, mora{ da kaè{ i drugo.
Var. You cannot say A without saying B.
There is a SCORPION under every stone. Pod sekoj kamen ima ~krapja.
Sim. Snake in the grass.
SCRATCH where it itches. ]e se ~e{a{ kaj{to ne te jade. Var. I
scratch (claw) where it itches not.
Praise the SEA, but keep on land. Selo fali v grad sedi. (P.D. 3202).
êkan fali, od kalem ìvej. (Kav. 3884). Sim. Praise the hill, but keep
below.
Everything is good in its SEASON. Se' vo svoe vreme.
A SECRET is too little for one, enough for two, too much for three. Tajnata e premala za eden, dovolna za dvajca, premnogu za trojca. Sim.
Three may keep counsel if two be away. Two may keep counsel if one be
away.
He that soweth good SEED shall reap good corn. [to }e se{, toa }e ti
niknet. (GK, II, str. 180). Var. Ako si poseal, }e po`ne{. (GK, II,
− 265 −
865.
866.
867.
868.
869.
870.
871.
872.
873.
874.
875.
876.
877.
str. 179).
SEEING is believing; feeling is the naked truth. Poveruva, za{to Me
vide. Blaèni se koi ne videle, a poveruvale. (John 20, 29 / Jovan
20, 29). Var. Poj}e vervi im na o~ite, odo{~o na ustite. (Kav.
2946). Poarno et da si veruva{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i
re~oi. (MNU 5035). Cf. One EYEWITNESS is better than ten hear-so's.
He that SEEKS finds. Koj bara, }e najde. (Matthew 7, 7-8 / Matej 7, 7-8;
Luke 11, 10 / Luka 11, 10). Sim. The dog that trots finds a bone.
SELF-PRAISE is no recommendation. Falbata e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok, svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601).
Cf. A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. He that PRAISES himself spatters
himself.
He that has been bitten by a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Koj e k'snat
od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU 3017). Sim. Once
bitten, twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT fears cold water. A burnt CHILD dreads
the fire. A scalded DOG fears cold water. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms.
Be ye therefore wise as SERPENTS, and harmless as doves. Zatoa bidete mudri kako zmii i bezopasni kako gulabi. (Matthew 10, 16 /
Matej 10, 16). Var. Itar kako zmijul~e, krotok kako gulap~e.
(MNU 2535).îs kako gulab, iter kako |aol. (MNU 6733).
So many SERVANTS, so many enemies. Kolku slugi, tolku neprijateli.
He who has not seen SEVILLE has not seen a wonder. Koj ne ja videl
Sevilja ne znae {to e ~udo. Var. Vidi go Neapol, pa umri! Kako
Struga nema druga. (MNU 2794).
Catch not at the SHADOW and lose the substance. Ne tr~aj po senkata,
nikoga{ nema da ja stigne{.
He is afraid of his own SHADOW. Se pla{i od svojata senka.
All that SHAKES falls not. Se' {to se trese ne pa|a. Cf. Better BEND
than break.
He that makes himself a SHEEP shall be eaten by the wolf. Koj se ~init
ovca (ili jagne, nego) go izedvit volkot. (MNU 3118). Var. Ako se
stori{ ovca, sekoj }e te striè. (MNU 179). Cf. Make yourself all
HONEY and the flies will devour you. Ako se stori{ med, i muite }e
te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet). (MNU 178). Ako si mos', sekoj preku tebe }e vrvit. (GK, II, str. 179).
One scabbed SHEEP will mar a whole flock. Edna krasta koza celo
stado (cel buquk) }e go okrastajt. (Kav. 829).
The lone SHEEP is in danger of the wolf. Koja ovca se delit od stadoto, (nea) ja izedvit volkot. (Koj se deli i otstranuva od op{testvoto
i od svoite drugari i saka da ìvee bez sekakava vrska so niv, toj nema da
− 266 −
Bone Veličkovski
vidi dobro.). (MNU 2986). Var. Koja koza (ovca) se delit od sta-
878.
879.
880.
881.
882.
883.
884.
885.
886.
887.
888.
889.
890.
891.
892.
893.
doto (buqukot), v'lci je jadet. (Kav. 1507). The lone man is in danger of the wolf.
There are black SHEEP in every flock. Vo sekoe stado ima crna ovca.
Where every hand fleeceth, the SHEEP goes naked. Ako sekoja raka
striè{e, ovcite }e odea goli.
A good SHEPHERD must fleece his sheep, not flay them. Dobriot ov~ar
treba da gi striè svoite ovci, a ne da gi dere.
A great SHIP asks deep waters. Golemite korabi vo golemi vodi
plovat. Var. ûn po plitko ne ojt. (Kav. 3925). Golemata riba
golema voda barat. (Kav. 476, 475).
If my SHIRT knew my design I'd burn it. Ako mojata ko{ula znae {to
}e pravam, }e ja zapalam. Var. If my skirt knew my design I'd burn it.
Near is my SHIRT, but nearer is my skin. Blisku mi e ko{ulata, no
poblisku mi e koàta. Sim. Near is my doublet (kirtle, petticoat), but
nearer is my smock. Cf. Near is my COAT, but nearer is my shirt.
Every SHOE fits not every foot. Sekoj ~evel ne e za sekoja noga.
Everyone knows best where his own SHOE pinches. Sekoj sam si znajt
kade go stiskat ~eolot. (MNU 5617).
No one but the wearer knows where the SHOE pinches. Sekoj zn'jt ke
go nabivjat (stegvit) opinokot (kondurot). (Kav. 3237).
None more bare than the SHOEMAKER's wife and the smith's mare. U
grn~ara novo grne ne sakaj. (P.D. 3723). Var. U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733).
Better wear out SHOES than sheets. Podobro e da kine{ ~evli
otkolku ~ar{afi.
He that waits for dead men's SHOES may go long enough barefoot. Toj
{to gi ~eka ~evlite na mrtovecot moè dolgo da odi bos. Var. It's
ill waiting for dead men's shoes. Sim. He pulls with a long rope that waits
for another's death.
Out of SIGHT, out of mind. Podaleko od o~i, podaleko od srce. (Nedeq. str. 185). Var. Daleko od o~i, daleko od srce. (MNU 1396).
Daleku od o~ite, daleku od srceto. (S.M.). Poblizu do o~ite,
poblisku do srceto; podaleku od o~ite, podaleku od srceto.
(Kav. 2922). îe lice gqame, to go celivame. (Kav. 3898). Sim. Far
from eye, far from heart. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Salt water and absence wash away love. Cf. Long ABSENT, soon forgotten. What the EYE
doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over.
The SIGN invites you in, but your money redeem you out. Napisot te
tera da vleze{, no parite te zadrùvaat nadvor.
SILENCE does seldom harm. Mol~eweto retko {teti. Cf. More have
repented SPEECH than silence.
SILENCE is golden. Mal~eweto e zlato. (Kav. 1915). Cf. QUIETNESS is a
− 267 −
894.
895.
896.
897.
898.
899.
900.
901.
902.
903.
904.
905.
906.
907.
908.
great treasure. SPEECH is silver, but silence is golden.
SILENCE is often the best answer. Mol~eweto ~esto e najdobriot
odgovor. Cf. SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. No WISDOM to silence.
SILENCE means consent. Mol~eweto zna~i odobruvawe. Var. Silence
gives consent.
He that fights with SILVER arms is sure to overcome. Koj se bori so
srebreno oru`je sigurno }e pobedi.
Every SIN brings its punishment with it. Sekoj grev ja nosi svojata
kazna so sebe. Sim. As a man sinneth, so is his punishment.
Old SIN makes new shame. Stariot grev nosi nov sram.
SLANDER leaves a score behind it. Zborot dupka ne otvorat, ama rana
(pqaga) otvorat. (Kav. 1018). Sim. If the ball does not stick to the wall, it
will at least leave a mark.
SLEEP is the brother of death. Sonot e brat na smrtta.
SLEEP is the image of death. Sonot e ogledalo na smrtta.
SLOTH, like rust, consumes faster than labour wears. Mrzlivosta go
jade ~ovekot kako 'r|ata èlezoto.
The SLOTHFUL man is the beggar's brother. Mrzliviot e brat na pita~ot. Cf. IDLENESS is the key to poverty.
SLOW but sure. Poleka no sigurno. Sim. Fair and softly goes far.
Who goes SLOWLY goes far. Koj odi poleka, stignuva daleku. Var.
Koj ojt popoleka, }e ftasat podaleku. (Kav. 1641). Sim. He that
GOES softly goes safely. Soft pace GOES far.
No SMOKE without fire. Nema ~ad bez ogin. Sim. No FIRE, no smoke.
Deka nema ogin, tam nema i ~urqava. (MNU 1549).
The SMOKE of a man's own house is better than the fire of another's.
Poarno ~ad vo svoja ku}a otkolku ogin vo tu|a.
Three things drive a man out of his house - SMOKE, rain and a scolding
wife. Kakvi se kiselinata za zabite i dimot za o~ite, takov e
mrzlivecot za onie {to go pra}aat. Bezumniot sin e nesre}a za svojot tatko, i èninite prepirki se postojano prokisnuvawe. Pokrivot
{to prokisnuva za vreme na poroen do`d i prepirliva èna - edno isto
se. (Proverbs 10, 26; 19, 13; 27, 15 / Poslovici 10, 26; 19, 13; 27, 15).
909.
910.
Var. [~o ne{~o e najlo{o na vekov? Tri raboti: ogan, voda i
lo{a èna. (MNU 6960). Sim. Dicing, drabbing and drinking bring men
to destruction. Play, women, and wine undo men laughing. Cf. GAMING,
women and wine, while they laugh, they make men pine.
To nourish a SNAKE in one's bosom. ûvat zmija v pazva. (Kav. 3911).
Cf. Breed up a CROW and he will tear out your eyes.
To make a SNARE for another and fall into it oneself. Narodite padnaa
vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to ja stavija tajno, ja
fati nivnata noga. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 26 / Sirah 27, 26; Psalms 9, 15 /
− 268 −
Bone Veličkovski
911.
912.
913.
914.
915.
916.
917.
918.
919.
920.
921.
922.
923.
Psalmi 9, 15). Var. Iskopal grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego.
(Kav. 1256). Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego.
(MNU 3034). Cf. He who digs a PIT for others falls in himself.
What SOBERNESS conceals, drunkenness reveals. [~o trezven mislit,
to pijan zborvit. (Kav. 3996). Sim. He speaks in his drink what he
thought in his drouth.
Keep SOMETHING for a rainy day. Beli pari za crni dni. (Kav. 228).
Var. Bela para za crnega dena. (GK II, str. 179). Rabotaj da jaj{,
kri da ima{. (Kav. 3089). Lay up against a rainy day. Sim. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse. Spare when you're young and
spend when you're old. Cf. For AGE and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample PROVISION for old age.
SOMETHING is better than nothing. Ne{~o e poarno (e poj}e) od
ni{~o. (Kav. 2484). Var. Poarno ne{~o, otkolku ni{~o. (Kav.
2903). Sim. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Cf. Better some of a
PUDDING than none of a pie.
Marry your SON when you will, your daughter when you can. Sina
èni koga saka{, }erka m'ì koga moj{ (ko }e moj{). (Kav. 3337).
SORROW for a husband is like a pain in the elbow, sharp and short.
@aleweto za maòt e kako bolkata vo laktot: ostra i kratka.
Small SORROWS speak; great ones are silent. Golemite bolki se nemi.
Var. Little grieves are loud, great grieves are silent. Little cares speak,
great ones are dumb.
When SORROW is asleep, wake it not. Koga bolkata spie, ne treba da
se budi.
As you SOW, so you reap. [to ~ovekot }e posee, toa i }e `nee. (Galatians 6, 7 / Galatjani 6, 7). Var. [~o si poseal, toa i }e ti niknit. (Kakva rabota si rabotel, takov plod i }e dobie{; {to si im
storil na drugite, dobro ili zlo, takvo i }e ti se vrati.). (MNU
6965).
SOW thin and mow thin. Koj malku see, malku `nee.
Forbear not SOWING because of birds. Koj se pla{it od rap~iwa
(~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669).
One SOWS and another reaps. Eden see, a drug `nee! (John 4, 37 / Jovan 4, 37). Var. Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira rugata. (MNU
1807). Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata. (Drug rabotel, a
drug se polzuva od negoviot trud.). (MNU 1808). Drug sadi drvoto,
drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). Sim. Little dogs start the hare, the great
get her. Cf. One beats the BUSH and another catches the birds.
Better SPARE at brim than at bottom. Po~ni da {tedi{ odozgora, a
ne odozdola.
SPARE well and have well. Koj {tedi, }e ima. Var. Ikonomijata e
du{man na siroma{tijata. (Kav. 1187). Ikonomijata e majka na
− 269 −
924.
925.
926.
927.
928.
929.
930.
931.
932.
933.
934.
bogatsvoto. (Kav. 1188).
Of a small SPARK a great fire. Od mala iskra, golem ogon. (Ecclesiasticus 11, 32 / Sirah 11, 34; Od mala iskra, moè da izgori golema
{uma. James 3, 5 / Jakov 3, 5). Var. Od edna iskra golem ogon bidua.
(MNU 4573). Od iskra plamen. (MNU 4607). Od iskra plamen se
prajt. (Kav. 2640). Od iskra plamen, od plamen pepel. (MNU
4608). Sim. A little spark kindles a great fire. Cf. A little FIRE burns up a
great deal of corn.
SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. Zborot duri ne go preduma{ i
preìva{ arno, ne zbori go pred sekogo. (MNU 2248). Sim. Be still,
and have thy will. Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer. No WISDOM to silence.
He that SPEAKS sows and he that holds his peace gathers. Koj zboruva
see, a koj mol~i `nee.
He that SPEAKS the thing he should not hears the thing he would not.
Koj zboruva kakvoto saka, on slu{a kakvoto ne saka. (MNU 3020).
Var. Toj {to zboruva {to saka, mora da slu{a i toa {to ne
saka. (P.D. 3595). He who says what he likes shall hear what he does not
like.
More have repented SPEECH than silence. Mnogu se pokajale {to
zboruvale otkolku da mol~ele. Cf. SILENCE does seldom harm.
SPEECH is silver, but silence is golden. Zborveweto e strebro, a
mal~eweto zlato. (Kav. 1009). Cf. SILENCE is golden.
Who more than he is worth doth SPEND, he makes a rope his life to end.
Koj pove}e tro{i otkolku {to treba, si go stega jaèto okolu
vratot.
In SPENDING lies the advantage. Parite se za tro{ewe. Var. Parite
{to se pe~alat, ako ne se arxat, {to biduat? (MNU 4929).
The SPIRIT is willing, but the flesh is weak. Duhot e bodar, no teloto e
slabo! (Matthew 26, 41 / Matej 26, 41; Mark 14, 38 / Marko 14, 38; John
6, 63 / Jovan 6, 63).
Who SPITS against the wind, it falls in his face. Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079). Koj pque na nagore, si pque
na liceto. (MNU 3081). Var. Who spits against the heaven, it falls in his
face. Sim. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom. Piss not
against the wind. Cf. An ARROW shot upright falls on the shooter's head.
You see the SPLINTER in your brother's eye, but not the beam in your
own. Izvadi si prvo gredata {~o e vo o~ite tvoi, ta posle da vidi{ raskata, ({~o) e vo o~ite na drugite. (Zemena od Sv. pismo:
"Popravi si gi prvo svoite krupni gre{ki, za da ima{ setne pravo i da
moè{ da gi izobli~uva{ drugite lu|e za malite nivni gre{ki i da im
gi poprava{".). (MNU 2406).
935.
Throw out a
SPRAT
to catch a mackerel. Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{
− 270 −
Bone Veličkovski
936.
937.
938.
939.
940.
941.
942.
943.
944.
945.
(ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631). Var. Throw out a sprat to catch a
salmon (herring, whale). Bait a sprat to catch a herring.
It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse has bolted. Docna
e da se zatvora {talata otkako }e izbega kowot. Var. Deqmi mi
cojsa kowot, sega i treva do kolena neka rastit ako sakat.
(Kav. 690). Po Kra~un krastavici. (Nesvoevremeno.). (MNU 5106).
It is too late to shut the stable-door when the steed is stolen. Cf. When a
thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. When the HOUSE is burned down, you
bring water. It is easy to be WISE after the event.
It is the first STEP that is difficult. Prvite ~ekori se te{ki
(najte{ki). (Kav. 3039). Sim. The greatest step is that out of doors. Cf.
Every BEGINNING is hard.
STEP after step the ladder is ascended. êkor po ~ekor }e se iska~i
skalata.
It is easy to find a STICK to beat a dog. Lesno e da se najde stap da se
otepa pes. Var. Ako saka{ da go otepaat nekoj pes, re~i, oti e od
bes. (MNU 156). Sim. A staff is quickly found to beat a dog. If you want a
pretence to whip a dog, say that he ate the frying-pan. Cf. He that would
hang his DOG gives out first that he is mad.
STICKS and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.
Stapovite i kamewata moàt da mi skr{at koskite, no zborovite
nikoga{ nema da me povredat. Var. Vikaj me grne, samo ne kr{i
me. (Imeto ne e ni{~o, ami ~vekot.). (Kav. 326). Sim. Hard words break
no bones. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy. Call me cousin but cousin
me not.
Be STILL, and have thy will. Traj (za) da naj{ raj. (MNU 6265). Var.
Ako trpi{, ko beg }e ìvej{. (Kav. 134).
A STITCH in time saves nine. Edna zakrpa na vreme za{teduva devet
podocna. Var. [~o da mu bara{ tragite (na kowo, poarno) broj
mu 'i rebrata. (MNU 6945). Sim. He that repairs not a part, builds all.
The tailor that makes not a knot loses a stitch. Cf. Who REPAIRS not his gutter, repairs his whole house.
He has two STOMACHS to eat and one to work. Ima dva meva za jadewe, a eden za rabotewe. Var. Za jadewe - maì, za rabota - deca.
A little STONE in the way overturns a great wain. I maloto kam~e
moìt kola da prevrtit. (Kav. 1197). Sim. Little strokes fell great
oaks. Cf. A small LEAK will sink a great ship.
A rolling STONE gathers no moss. Kamen {to se trkala, toj trava ne
va}a. (MNU 2829). Var. Kamen {~o se trkaqat, nigde treva ne
fa{~at. (Na kogo ne mu se bendisuva edno mesto za rabota, ami se
mesti od edno na drugo, toj nema da se namesti na cvrsta i postojana
rabota i nema da napredne.). (MNU 2830).
946.
Who remove
STONES
bruise their fingers. Koj kr{i kamewa, toa go
− 271 −
947.
948.
949.
950.
951.
952.
953.
954.
955.
956.
957.
958.
959.
960.
961.
povreduva. (Ecclesiastes 10, 9 / Propovednik 10, 9). Cf. He that handles
THORNS shall prick his fingers.
Between two STOOLS one falls to the ground. Koj sede na dva stola,
lesno pa|a. (MNU 3102).
After a STORM comes a calm. Po nevreme sonce izgreva. Cf. After
black CLOUDS, clear weather.
The sharper the STORM, the sooner it's over. Najsilen e vetrot pred
da tivnit. (Kav. 2145).
Cross the STREAM where it is ebbest. Pomini go potokot kade{to e
najplitko. Sim. No safe wading in an unknown water.
He STRUCK at Tib, but down fell Tom. Ne za kogo e pe~eno, ami za
kogo e re~eno. (Kav. 2306).
Nothing succeeds like SUCCESS. Ni{to ne uspeva kako ({to uspeva)
uspehot. Sim. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money. I petlite mu
(ti, vi, im, je) noset. (Kav. 1244). I na{ite petli crveni jajca
noset. (Kav. 1228). I nego go ogrjalo s'nce. (Kav. 1229).
SUFFER and expect. Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6267).
Although the SUN shines, leave not thy cloak at home. Iako sonceto
gree, ne ja ostavaj guwata doma.
Never let the SUN go down on your anger. Sonceto da ne zajde vo
va{iot gnev. (Ephesians 4, 26 / Efesjani 4, 26). Var. Let not the sun go
down upon your wrath.
The SUN does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once. Sonceto ne
gree istovremeno od dvete strani na ogradata. Var.
Ba{tavanxijata saka drugo [do`d], a kirimit~ijata - drugo
[sonce]. (MNU 400).
The SUN shines upon all alike. Sonceto nad site isto izgreva. (Matthew 5, 45 / Matej 5, 45).
There is nothing new under the SUN. Nema ni{to novo pod sonceto.
(Ecclesiastes 1, 9 / Propovednik 1, 9). Var. Nothing new under the sun.
Pod Sonceto ni{to ne e sovr{eno. (P.D. 2743).
Where the SUN enters, the doctor does not. Kade sonceto vleguva,
doktorot ne doa|a.
He that is SURETY for a stranger shall smart for it. Mnogu lo{o pominuva koj em~i za drug. (Proverbs 11, 15 / Poslovici 11, 15).
One SWALLOW does not make a summer. Edna lastojca ne prajt prolet. (Kav. 830). Var. So edna lastojca prolet ne idit. (MNU
5873). So edna lasto'ica ne idet leto. (MNU 5872). So edno pile
prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879). So edna ovca ba~ilo ne biduat.
(MNU 5874). So eden direk ku}a ne se krepit. (MNU 5871). Sos
edin kamen ku}a ne se prave. (MNU 5947). Cf. One FLOWER makes no
garland. So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (Samo eden ~ovek, kolku i da e
− 272 −
Bone Veličkovski
dostoen, ni{to ne moè da svr{i bez pomo{ta od drugi; ili
op{testvo ne moè da se sostoi samo od eden ~ovek.). (MNU 5880). So
962.
963.
964.
965.
966.
967.
968.
969.
970.
edno drvo ba{~e ne se prajt. (MNU 5877).
He that will SWEAR will lie. Toj {to se kolne moè i da izlaè.
SWEEP before your own door. Sekoj da si metit pred porta. (MNU
5599). Var. Sekoj pred svojata ku}a metit. (Kav. 3243). Po~ni
najprvin pred svojata ku}a. (P.D. 2833). Sim. If every man would
sweep his own doorstep the city would soon be clean. Prvo is~isti si
go svojot dvor, posle baraj od drugite. (P.D. 2868).
He deserves not the SWEET that will not taste the sour. Koj ne probal
gorko, ne znae {to e slatko. Sim. He knows best what GOOD is that has
endured evil.
No SWEET without some sweat. Bez pot nemat beri}et. (Kav. 220).
Potta e beri}et (beri}etlija). (Kav. 3008). Var. Poten ru~eg sekoga{ e poblag. (Kav. 3006). So pot poblaga e ve~erata. (Kav.
3443). If you won't work, you shan't eat. Sim. No mill, no meal. A horse that
will not carry the saddle must have no oats. Cf. No PAINS, no gains. He that
will not WORK shall not eat. Bez rabota, bez leb; bez rabota, bez
~est. (Kav. 221).
He is like a SWINE, he'll never do good while he lives. Skràviot i
sviwata se dobri samo po nivnata smrt. Cf. A COVETOUS man does
nothing that he should till he dies.
All they that take the SWORD shall perish with the sword. Koi se
fa}aat za no` od no` }e zaginat. (Matthew 26, 52 / Matej 26, 52;
Revelation 13, 10 / Otkrovenie 13, 10). Cf. He who lives by the SWORD
dies by the sword.
He who lives by the SWORD dies by the sword. Koj ìvee od me~, od
me~ umira. Var. He that strikes with the sword shall be stricken with the
scabbard. Cf. All they that take the SWORD shall perish with the sword.
It is ill putting a SWORD in a madman's hand. Ludo e da mu dade{ v
raka me~ na ludiot. Var. Ne ka`vi mu ja na budalata kamarata so
kamewa, za{~o }e ti ja skr{it glata. (Kav. 2316). Do not put a
sword into your enemy's hands. It is ill putting a sword in a child's hand.
They shall beat their SWORDS into ploughshares. ]e gi prekovaat
me~evite vo plugovi. (Isaiah 2, 4 / Isaija 2, 4).
T
971.
972.
Who depends upon another man's TABLE often dines late. Koj ~eka da
jade na tu|a trpeza ~esto docna ve~era. Sim. He that waits upon
another's trencher makes many a little dinner. Cf. He that is fed at another's
HAND may stay long ere he be full.
One "TAKE IT" is more worth than two "Thou shalt have it". Poarno
− 273 −
973.
974.
975.
976.
977.
978.
979.
980.
981.
982.
983.
984.
e "na' ti otkolku "}e ti dadam". Sim. Better to have than wish. One
today is worth two tomorrows.
Always TAKING OUT of the meal-tub, and never putting in, soon comes
to the bottom. Ako postojano zema{ od grneto, a nikoga{ ne stava{ vo nego, brgu }e se isprazni.
A great TALKER is a great liar. Izobilstvoto zborovi ne biduva bez
grev. (Proverbs 10, 19 / Poslovici 10, 19). Var. Koj zborit mnogu,
mnogu gre{i. (GK, II, str. 181). Poj}e zborewe, poj}e gre{ewe.
(GK, II, str. 181). Great talkers are great liars. Koj mnogu zboruva,
mnogu laè.
The greatest TALKERS are the least doers. Lesno e da se zborvit, ama
te{ko e da se rabotat. (Kav. 1841). Var. Lesno e da zborvi{, ama
te{ko e da stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav. 1842). They brag most that
can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast.
Much cry and little wool. Cf. Great BRAGGERS, little doers. A long TONGUE
is a sign of a short hand.
Every man to his TASTE. Sekoj spored vkusot svoj. Sim. Everyone as
they like best. Tastes differ. Cf. There is no ACCOUNTING for tastes.
TEACHING others teacheth yourself. U~ej}i gi drugite, se u~ime samite. Var. One learns in teaching.
A THIEF knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf. Aramija od aramija ne
se sramuva. (MNU 271). Var. Volk od volk ne se pla{it. (GK, II,
str. 179). V'lk na v'lk ni v planina ne udirat. (Kav. 423).
A THIEF passes for a gentleman when stealing has made him rich. Kradecot go smetaat za gospodin koga }e se zbogati od kradewe. Var.
Aramija so skorni niz ~ar{ija odi. (MNU 274).
Once a THIEF, always a thief. Edna{ kradec, sekoga{ kradec. Sim.
Once a knave, and ever a knave. He that has done ill once will do it again.
Save a THIEF from the gallows and he will help to hang you. Ako
po{tedi{ kradec od besilka, toj }e pomogne da te obesat. Var.
Save a thief from the gallows and he will hate you. Sim. Save a stranger
from the sea, and he'll turn your enemy. Cf. Let an ill MAN lie in thy straw,
and he looks to be thy heir.
The THIEF does fear each bush an officer. Kradecot i od senkata se
pla{i. Var. Aramijata i no}e gleda, ama i od senkata se pla{i.
(MNU 277). Sim. A guilty CONSCIENCE feels continual fear.
Little THIEVES are hanged, but great ones escape. Malite kratci gi
besat, a golemite se spasuvaat. Var. Petty thieves are hanged, the great
ones go free. Sim. Laws catch flies but let hornets go free.
Good THINGS come to some when they are asleep. Ubavite ne{ta na
nekoi im doa|aat duri i koga spijat. Cf. Whom GOD loves, his bitch
brings forth pigs. Na edni lu|e i petlite mu nosat jajca. (MNU
− 274 −
Bone Veličkovski
985.
986.
987.
988.
989.
990.
991.
992.
993.
994.
995.
996.
997.
998.
999.
1000.
1001.
4005). I na{ite petli crveni jajca noset. (Kav. 1228). Na
kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit.
(MNU 4030).
The best THINGS come in small packages. Najdobrite ne{ta doa|aat
vo mali paketi. Var. Good things are wrapped up in small parcels.
First THINK, and then speak. Dobro razmisli, pa kaì. Var. Think
first and speak afterwards. Cf. Think on the END before you begin.
He that sows THISTLES shall reap prickles. Koj ~i~ki see, trwe }e
`nee.
Men cut large THONGS of other men's leather. Od tu|a koà pogolemi
par~iwa se se~at. Sim. All men are free of other men's goods. Men are
very generous with what costs them nothing. To cut large shives of another's
loaf.
He that goes barefoot must not plant THORNS. Koj odi bos, ne treba
da sadi trwe.
He that handles THORNS shall prick his fingers. Koj bere trwe, }e si
gi izgrebe racete. Cf. Who remove STONES bruise their fingers.
THOUGHT is free. Misleweto ne ~ini ni{to (e besplatno). Var.
Thoughts be free from toll.
Second THOUGHTS are best. Podobro e ubavo da razmisli{. Cf. It is
easy to be WISE after the event.
The THREAD breaks where it is weakest. Ke je kno~ko se }init. (Kav.
1408). Cf. The CHAIN is no stronger than its weakest link.
Knotty TIMBER must have sharp wedges. Za zol trn, zla kopa~ka
treba. Var. Zlo trn, zlo kopa~ka. (MNU 2357). Sim. A crabbed knot
must have a crabbed wedge.
He that has TIME and looks for time, loses time. Koj ima vreme, a bara
vreme, gubi vreme.
There is a TIME for everything. Se' ima svoe doba. (Ecclesiastes 3, 1 /
Propovednik 3, 1). Var. Se' vo svoe vreme. (P.D. 3113). Se' si e so
vreme. (P.D. 3121). Se' so vreme bi`xat. (Kav. 3300). Sim. Everything has its time.
There is a TIME to be born, and a time to die. Vreme za ra|awe i
vreme za umirawe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 2 / Propovednik 3, 2).
There is a TIME to love, and a time to hate. Vreme za qubewe i vreme
za mrazewe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 8 / Propovednik 3, 8).
There is a TIME to speak, and a time to be silent. Vreme za mol~ewe i
vreme za zboruvawe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 7 / Propovednik 3, 7).
There is a TIME to weep, and a time to laugh. Vreme za pla~ewe i
vreme za smeewe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 4 / Propovednik 3, 4).
TIME and straw make medlars ripe. So vreme i j'guridata med se
prajt (pekmez se prajt). (Kav. 3393). Cf. With TIME and art the leaf of
the mulberry-tree becomes satin.
− 275 −
1002.
1003.
1004.
1005.
1006.
1007.
1008.
1009.
1010.
1011.
1012.
1013.
1014.
1015.
1016.
1017.
1018.
1019.
TIME, as he grows old, teaches many lessons. Vremeto e najgolem
u~itel. Var. Time shall teach thee all things.
TIME cures all things. Vremeto se' le~it. (Kav. 408). Vremeto te~it,
pqagi (rani) le~it. (Kav. 408). Sim. Time is a great healer.
TIME devours all things. Vreme se' pravi i se' rasipuva.
TIME discloses all things. So vreme se' }e se otkrie. (Matthew 10, 26 /
Matej 10, 26; Mark 4, 22 / Marko 4, 22). Sim. Time will tell.
TIME flies. Vremeto (si) leta. Var. Time flees away without delay. Time
has wings.
TIME is a file that wears and makes no noise. Vremeto bes{umno minuva.
TIME is money. Vremeto e pari.
TIME lost cannot be won again. Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se vra}a.
Sim. An occasion lost cannot be redeemed. Sekoja izgubena mo`nost,
retko moè povtorno da se ukaè.
TIME tries truth. So vreme vistinata izleguva na videlina. Sim.
Time is the father of truth. Truth is time's daughter.
TIME works wonders. Vremeto ~uda pravi.
With TIME and art the leaf of the mulberry-tree becomes satin. Trpenieto od murenkov list (od list od murenka) prajt koprina. (Kav.
3658). Cf. TIME and straw make medlars ripe.
Other TIMES, other manners. Drugi vremiwa, drugi obi~ai. Var.
Drugo vreme, drugi um. (Kav. 747).
TIMES change and we with them. Vremiwata se menuvaat, a nie so
niv.
Here TODAY and gone tomorrow. Deneska sme, utre ne sme. (Kav.
697). Var. Deneska ne' ima, utre ne' nema, }e zaginime kako parea.
(MNU 1584). Today gold, tomorrow dust. Sim. Today a man, tomorrow
none.
I TODAY, you tomorrow. Denes mene, utre tebe. V~era mene, denes
tebe. (Ecclesiasticus 38, 22 / Sirah 38, 24).
Stuff TODAY and starve tomorrow. Denes krkaj, utre crkaj. Var. Deneska g'ltaj, utre xvakaj. (Kav. 696).
Never put off till TOMORROW what you can do today. Ne ostavaj sega{nata rabota za utre. (MNU 4323). Var. Dene{nata rabota ne
ja ostavaj za utre. ([to ima{ da svr{i{, svr{i go i ne go ostavaj za
drugo vreme, za{to ne znae{ {to }e stane posle.). (MNU 1590). Sim.
Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow.
Koja rabota se ostat za posle, nikoga{ ne se bitisvit. (Kav.
1509).
TOMORROW is another day. I utre imat den. (Kav. 1267). Sim. Never
say die.
− 276 −
Bone Veličkovski
1020.
1021.
1022.
1023.
1024.
1025.
1026.
1027.
TOMORROW is another day. "Utre" nikoga{ nema da dojde. Cf.
PROCRASTINATION is the thief of time. Var. Delays are dangerous. There's no
time like the present.
Ye know not what shall be on the TOMORROW. Vie koi ne znaete {to
}e bide utre! (James 4, 14 / Jakov 4, 14).
A honey TONGUE, a heart of gall. Na usta med i maslo, na srce pelin
i zer. (Kav. 2237). Sim. He has honey in the mouth and the razor at the
girdle.
A long TONGUE is a sign of a short hand. Dolg jazik, kratka raka. Var.
They brag most that can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great
boast and little roast. Much cry and little wool. Cf. Great BRAGGERS, little
doers. The greatest TALKERS are the least doers.
The lame TONGUE gets nothing. Toj {to pita gladen ne ostanuat.
(MNU 6243). Var. Duri ne zapla~it deteto, majka mu ne mu davat da cicat. (Ako ne posaka{ i ne pobara{ ne{to, ne moè{ ni da
go dobie{.). (MNU 1848). Sim. He that cannot ask, cannot live. Dumb
men get no land.
The TONGUE ever turns to the aching tooth. Kaj {to go boli na ~oeka
zabot, tamo mu oit jazikot. (MNU 2660).
The TONGUE talks at the head's cost. Koj koj zboruva nevnimatelno,
za glavata mu e. (Proverbs 13, 3; 21, 23 / Poslovici 13, 3; 21, 23). Var.
Jazik kquka, glava puka. (MNU 2586). Biqbiqot od j'zikot si
trgat. (Kav. 240). Slavej~eto od j'zikot si patit. (Kav. 3365).
Jazik prait dobro, jazik prait lo{o. (MNU 2591). So umo ~oek
gre{aa, so glaata si trga. (MNU 5980). So tvojata palica po
tvojata glavica. (MNU 5971). So tvoj kamejna po tvoja glaa.
(MNU 5972). Sim. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.
TONGUE breaks bone and herself has none. Mekiot jazik kr{i i
koski. (Proverbs 25, 15 / Poslovici 25, 15). Mnozina padnale od
me~, no ne tolku kako od jazikot. (Ecclesiasticus 28, 18 / Sirah 28,
18). Var. J'zikot koski nemat, (ama) koski kr{it. (Pu{taj}i go
jazikot na volja, t.e. ako zboruvame mnogu i besmisleno, moè da postradame i telesno, da ni' gi skr{at koskite.). (MNU 2636). J'zikot
1028.
1029.
1030.
1031.
1032.
se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). Polo{o se~it zborot,
odo{~o noòt. (Kav. 2967). The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts.
Foolish TONGUES talk by the dozen. Ludiot jazik se{to zboruva.
You can have TOO MUCH of a good thing. Mnogu arno ne e arno. Sim.
More than enough is too much. Too much breaks the bag. Cf.
COVETOUSNESS breaks the bag.
A handful of TRADE is a handful of gold. Zanaetot e zlaten. (Kav.
974).
He that learns a TRADE has a purchase made. Zanaetot ku}a rani.
TRADE is the mother of money. Zanaetot pari ~init. (P.D. 1044).
− 277 −
1033.
1034.
1035.
1036.
1037.
1038.
1039.
1040.
1041.
1042.
1043.
1044.
1045.
1046.
1047.
1048.
1049.
1050.
Sim. A trade is better than service.
Two of a TRADE seldom agree. Dvajca so ist zanaet retko se
sloùvaat. Sim. The herringman hates the fisherman.
A man of many TRADES begs his bread on Sunday. Koj zn'jt mnogu
zanaeti, bez ko{uqa ostanvit (bez ko{uqa ojt). (Kav. 1562). Var.
Koj zafa{~at mnogu rabo}e niedna ne bitisvit. (Kav. 1557).
Jack of all TRADES and master of none. Koj mnogu zanaeti raboti, na
nieden majstor ne stanuva.
A TRAVELLER may lie with authority. Koj mnogu patuval, moè mnogu
da laè. Sim. Old men (soldiers) and travellers may lie by authority. Long
ways, long lies.
He that TRAVELS far knows much. Koj daleku patuval mnogu znae.
(Ecclesiasticus 34, 10 / Sirah 34, 10).
TREACHERY will come home to the traitor. Na izmamnikot izmamata
doma }e mu dojde.
Where your TREASURE is, there will your heart be also. Kade e tvoeto
bogatstvo, tamu }e bide i tvoeto srce. (Matthew 6, 21 / Matej 6, 21).
Lay not up for yourselves TREASURES upon earth. Ne sobirajte si
bogatstva na zemjata. (Matthew 6, 19 / Matej 6, 19).
A good TREE cannot bring forth evil fruit. Ne moè dobro drvo da
dava lo{i plodovi. (Matthew 7, 18 / Matej 7, 18). Sim. Good fruit of a
good tree.
A TREE is known by its fruit. Drvoto se poznava po plodot. (Matthew
7, 19; 12, 33 / Matej 7, 19; 12, 33). Var. Sekoe drvo se poznava po
plodot. (P.D. 3154).
In the place where the TREE falleth, there it shall be. Kade }e padne
drvoto, tamu i ostanuva. (Ecclesiastes 11, 3 / Propovednik 11, 3).
Var. As a tree falls, so shall it lie.
It is only at the TREE loaded with fruit that people throw stones. Na
drvoto {to ra|a lu|eto frlaat kamewa.
Like TREE, like fruit. Kakvo drvo, takov plod. Var. Jabolknicata
po jabolkoto se poznava.
The highest TREE hath the greatest fall. Najvisokoto drvo najdaleku
pa|a. Sim. The post of honour is the post of danger.
When the TREE is fallen every one runs to it with his axe. Koga drvoto
}e padne, sekoj tr~a kon nego so svojata sekira.
He that seeks TROUBLE, never misses. Koj si ja bara beqata, }e si ja
najde. Sim. Harm watch, harm catch.
In TRUST is treason. Vo verbata e predavstvoto. Sim. Quick believers
need broad shoulders. Distrust is the mother of safety. Trust is the mother of
deceit. He who trusteth not is not deceived.
Put not your TRUST in princes. Ne nadevajte se na knezovite. (Psalms
− 278 −
Bone Veličkovski
1051.
1052.
1053.
1054.
1055.
1056.
1057.
1058.
1059.
1060.
1061.
1062.
1063.
1064.
1065.
1066.
1067.
1068.
146, 3 / Psalmi 146, 3).
Face to face, the TRUTH comes out. @imi o~i, pa u o~i.
Nothing hurts like the TRUTH. Ni{to ne e pobolno od vistinata.
There is TRUTH in wine. Vo vinoto e vistinata. Var. In wine there is
truth.
TRUTH and oil are ever above. Vistinata i masloto sekoga{ izleguvaat na povr{ina. Var. Pravinata sekoga{ izleguva na videlina.
(P.D. 2844). Cf. TRUTH is mighty and will prevail. TRUTH will out.
TRUTH finds foes, where it makes none. Vistinata nao|a neprijateli
kade{to ne gi o~ekuva.
TRUTH has a scratched face. Na vistinata i' e izgrebano liceto.
Sim. Follow not truth too near the heels, lest it dash out thy teeth.
TRUTH is mighty and will prevail. Vistinata e semo}na i }e nadvladee. Cf. TRUTH and oil are ever above. TRUTH will out.
TRUTH may be blamed, but cannot be shamed. Vistinata moè da se
napa|a, no ne moè da se posrami.
TRUTH needs not many words. Na vistinata ne i' se potrebni mnogu
zborovi. Sim. In many words the truth goes by.
TRUTH will out. Vistinata }e izleze na povr{ina. Cf. TRUTH and oil
are ever above. TRUTH is mighty and will prevail.
All TRUTHS are not to be told. Sekoja vistina ne se kaùva.
The more you stir a TURD, the worse it stinks. Kalot ne go buri~kaj da
ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191).
One good TURN deserves another. Dobro so dobro se vra}a. Cf. A good
DEED is never lost. DO well and have well.
One ill TURN deserves (asks, requires) another. Lo{oto lo{o donesuva.
Best to bend while it is a TWIG. D'roto se vie dode e suroo. (MNU
1811).
No man can do TWO things at once. Nikoj ne moè da vr{i dve raboti odedna{.
TWO bigs will not go in one bag. Dve golemi ne vleguvaat vo edna
vre}a.
TWO sparrows on one ear of corn make an ill agreement. Dva petla na
edno buni{~e ne pejet. (Kav. 669).
U
1069.
1070.
Better UNBORN than untaught. Podobro neroden otkolku neu~en.
UNION is strength. Vo edinstvoto e silata. Var. In union (concord) is
strength. Sim. United we stand, divided we fall.
V
− 279 −
1071.
1072.
1073.
1074.
1075.
1076.
1077.
1078.
VANITY of vanities, all is vanity. Sueta nad suetite, se' e sueta! (Ecclesiastes 1, 2 / Propovednik 1, 2).
The noblest VENGEANCE is to forgive. Najblagorodnata osveta e da
prosti{. Sim. Pardons and pleasantness are great revenges of slanders.
Empty VESSELS make the greatest sound. Praznite sadovi najsilno
tropkaat. (P.D. 2850). Var. Prazna bo~va mnogu yve~it. (Kav.
3015). Praznata ~upka sekoga{ tropat (yve~it). (Kav. 3019).
Var. Empty vessels make the most sound.
The VINE brings forth three grapes: the first of pleasure, the second of
drunkenness, the third of sorrow. Lozata dava tri grozda: prviot e
zadovolstvoto, vtoriot pijanstvoto, tretiot kaeweto.
Make a VIRTUE of necessity. Nu`da menuva zakon. Sim. To make the
best of a bad job.
VIRTUE is a jewel of great price. Dobrodetelta e skapocen kamen so
visoka cena.
VIRTUE is its own reward. Dobrodetelta e nagrada sama za sebe.
The VOICE of the people, the voice of God. Glasot na narodot e glasot
na Boga. (Daniel 10, 6 / Daniel 10, 6; Revelation 19, 6 / Otkrovenie
19, 6).
W
1079.
1080.
1081.
1082.
1083.
1084.
1085.
1086.
1087.
1088.
All things come to those who WAIT. Koj ~eka, }e do~eka. Var. Koj
zn'jt da ~ekat, }e do~ekat. (Kav. 1561). Everything comes to him who
waits.
A white WALL is a fool's paper. Beliot yid e hartija za budaliot.
WALLS have ears. Yidoite imat u{i. (GK, II, str. 180). Cf. FIELDS
have eyes, and woods have ears.
WAR is death's feast. Vojnata e pir na smrtta.
Good WARE makes quick markets. Ubata stoka sama se prodat. (Kav.
3730). Var. Arnata stoka sama se prodava. (MNU 304). Arnata
stoka seki pat si ~ini parata. (MNU 305).
Good WATCH prevents misfortune. Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da
se le~i.
Dirty WATER will quench fire. I ne~istata voda gasi poàr. (Ecclesiasticus 3, 30 / Sirah 3, 29).
Foul WATER as soon as fair will quench hot fire. Lo{ata voda isto
kako i dobrata }e go izgasi besniot poàr.
WATER afar off quenches not fire. Dale~nata voda ne gasi poàr.
We never know the worth of WATER till the well is dry. Ne ja znaeme
vrednosta na vodata se' dodeka ne presu{i bunarot. Var. You never
− 280 −
Bone Veličkovski
1089.
1090.
1091.
1092.
1093.
1094.
1095.
1096.
1097.
1098.
1099.
1100.
1101.
1102.
1103.
miss the water till the well runs dry. Cf. The COW knows not what her tail is
worth till she hath lost it. A GOOD thing lost is a good thing valued.
Still WATERS run deep. Tivkata voda e dlaboka. Var. Boj se od tia
voda. (MNU 584). Vo tivka voda povisoko krevaj 'i polite. (Kav.
395). Sim. Take heed of still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me
from the still water, and I'll keep myself from the rough.
Stolen WATERS are sweet. Kradenata voda e slatka. (Proverbs 9, 17 /
Poslovici 9, 17). Var. û`x komad poblag e. (Kav. 3918).
û`xoto vino poslatko e. (MNU 6791). û`xiot maznik potu~en e. (MNU 6788). Stolen pleasures are sweet. Cf. Forbidden FRUIT is
sweet.
The longest WAY round is the shortest way home. Obikolniot pat e
najkratkiot pat do doma. Var. Ako oj{ po dale~nijot p't, porano
}e ftasa{. (Kav. 83).
The greatest WEALTH is contentment with a little. Najgolemoto bogatstvo e da se zadovoli{ so malku. Sim. He hath enough who is contented with little. Content is more than a kingdom. He is rich enough that
wants nothing.
In fair WEATHER prepare for foul. Koga e ubavo vremeto, podgotvi se
za lo{o.
Ill WEEDS grow apace. Korovot rasne nasekade.
Ill WEEDS wax well. Korovot najbrgu rasne.
All's WELL that ends well. Se' e dobro {to dobro }e zavr{i.
Never be weary of WELL doing. Da ne bideme umorni da pravime dobro. (Galatians 6, 9 / Galatjani 6, 9).
The worst WHEEL of a cart creaks most. Najlo{oto trkalo na kolata
najmnogu krcka. Var. Krckat (~krtat) kako kolce (oska) bez
katran. (Kav. 1777). The worst wheel of a cart makes most noise.
He who greases his WHEELS helps his oxen. Koj gi podma~kuva kolcata im pomaga na volovite.
Every WHITE hath its black, and every sweet its sour. Sekoe belo ima
svoe crno, i sekoe slatko ima svoe gorko.
Every WHY has its wherefore. Sekoe za{to ima svoe zatoa.
A fair WIFE and a frontier castle breed quarrels. Ubavata èna i pograni~nata tvrdina sekoga{ predizvikuvaat raspravii.
A good WIFE's a goodly prize, saith Solomon the wise. Dobrodetelnata
èna e venec na svojot ma`, re~e mudriot Solomon. Koj na{ol dobra èna, ja na{ol sre}ata i dobil milost od Gospoda. Koj }e najde dobrodetelna èna? Taa vredi pove}e od biseri. (Proverbs 12, 4; 18, 22; 31,
1104.
1105.
10 / Poslovici 12, 4; 18, 22; 31, 10).
Refuse a WIFE with one fault, and take one with two. Ako ne zeme{
èna so edna gre{ka, }e zeme{ druga so dve.
The cunning WIFE makes her husband her apron. Na lukavata èna
− 281 −
1106.
1107.
1108.
1109.
1110.
1111.
1112.
1113.
1114.
1115.
1116.
1117.
1118.
1119.
1120.
1121.
1122.
maòt i' e prestilka.
He that WILL not when he may, when he will he shall have nay. Koj ne
saka koga moè, a koga }e saka ne }e moè.
Where there's a WILL, there's a way. Ako ima volja, }e se najde i
na~in. Sim. A willful man will have his way. Cf. Nothing is impossible to a
willing HEART.
Where your WILL is ready, your feet are light. Ako tvojata volja e
spremna, nozete }e ti bidat lesni.
Blow the WIND never so fast, it will fall at last. Kolku i da e silen vetrot, najposle }e stivne.
Come with the WIND, go with the water. Doneseno so vetrot, odneseno so vodata. Sim. Light come, light go. Cf. EASY come, easy go. LIGHTLY
gained, quickly lost.
They that sow the WIND shall reap the whirlwind. Poseaja veter, i }e
po`neat bura. (Hosea 8, 7 / Osija 8, 7).
Good WINE needs no bush. Dobroto vino samo se fali.
The best WINE is that a body drinks of another man's cost. Najdobroto
vino e ona za koe drug pla}a.
When the WINE is in, the wit is out. Koga vinoto }e se ispie, pametta
se gubi.
WINE is a turncoat. Vinoto e vrtikapa. Var. Prijateli po ~a{a ne
se ve~ni prijateli. Wine is a turncoat, first a friend, then an enemy.
WINE makes glad the heart of man. Vinoto go razveseluva
~ove~koto srce. (Psalms 104, 15 / Psalmi 104, 15). ]e im se raduva
srceto kako od vino. (Zechariah 10, 7 / Zaharija 10, 7). Vinoto go
razveseluva ìvotot. (Ecclesiastes 10, 19 / Propovednik 10, 19).
He covers me with his WINGS, and bites me with his bill. So laìcata
me rani, so ra~kata mi kopa o~i. Var. So l'ìca srka, (a) so
opa{kata o~ite mu izva`da. (MNU 5903).
A fair day in WINTER is the mother of a storm. Ubaviot den vo zima e
majka na nevremeto.
Learn WISDOM by the follies of others. U~i se na mudrost od ludosta
na drugite.
No WISDOM to silence. Nema pogolema mudrost od mol~eweto. (Ecclesiasticus 20, 5-6 / Sirah 20, 5-6). Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer.
SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. A WISE head makes a close mouth.
WISDOM is better than strength. Podobra e mudrosta otkolku
ja~inata. (Ecclesiastes 9, 16 / Propovednik 9, 16; Proverbs 24, 5 /
Poslovici 24, 5).
A WISE head makes a close mouth. Mudriot ja drì zatvorena ustata. Var. Umniot trae i pravi. Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer.
SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. No WISDOM to silence.
− 282 −
Bone Veličkovski
1123.
1124.
1125.
1126.
1127.
1128.
1129.
1130.
1131.
1132.
1133.
1134.
1135.
He is WISE that is rich. Bogatiot ~ovek se smeta za mudar sebesi.
(Proverbs 28, 11 / Poslovici 28, 11).
It is easy to be WISE after the event. Lesno e da si mudar po nastanot.
Cf. When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. When the HOUSE is burned
down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse
has bolted.
No man is WISE at all times. Nikoj ne moè sekoga{ da bide mudar.
Cf. Every man is a FOOL sometimes and none at all times. Every man is MAD
on some point.
WISE men have their mouth in their heart, fools their heart in their
mouth. Na mudrite ustata im e vo srceto, a na ludite srceto im e
vo ustata. (Ecclesiasticus 21, 26 / Sirah 21, 28).
WISE men learn by other men's harms; fools, by their own. Mudrite se
u~at na tu|ite gre{ki; ludite na svoite. Sim. It is good to beware by
other men's harms. It is good to learn at other men's cost. He is happy
whom other men's perils make wary. Cf. LEARN wisdom by the follies of others.
A WOLF in sheep's clothing. Volk vo ov~a koà. (Matthew 7, 15 / Matej 7, 15).
It never troubles a WOLF how many the sheep be. Volkot ne vodi
smetka kolku ovci ima.
Talk of the WOLF, and his tail appears. Nie za volkot, a volkot zad
vrata. Cf. Talk of the DEVIL, and he is bound to appear.
The WOLF may lose his teeth, but never his nature. Volko dlakata ja
menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU 890). Var. V'lkot vlaknoto go menvit, ama u}ot (tabietot) ne go menvit. (Kav. 421).
Volko ovca ne se ~init. (Od lo{ ~ovek nikoga{ ne izleguva aren.).
(MNU 901). Volko sekoa{ ra|a vol~iwa, a ne jagniwa. (MNU 896).
Cf. The FOX may grow gray, but never good.
The WOLF preys farthest from his home. Volkot vo atarot ne davi.
Var. Volko na sinoro ne davi. (MNU 895). Sim. The fox preys farthest
from his home (den).
To set the WOLF to keep the sheep. Da go ostavite volkot da gi ~uva
ovcite. (Matthew 10, 16 / Matej 10, 16). Var. Volkot go klale da
(gi) vardit ovcite. (Postavile da ja ~uva ti{inata i spokojstvoto ~ovek po priroda nemiren i zlostornik.). (MNU 898). Volko ako
go klai{ da ti pasi ovci, toj site }e ti 'i izdavi. (MNU 884).
'I ostajle me~kite da 'i vardet drenkite. (Kav. 1241). You give
the wolf the wether to keep. Sim. He sets the FOX to keep his geese.
Who keeps company with the WOLF will learn to howl. Koj se druì so
volci, }e nau~i da zaviva. Var. One must howl with the wolves.
A bad WOMAN is worse than a bad man. Lo{ata èna e polo{a od
lo{iot ma`.
− 283 −
1136.
1137.
1138.
1139.
1140.
1141.
1142.
1143.
1144.
1145.
1146.
1147.
1148.
1149.
1150.
1151.
1152.
A fair WOMAN without virtue is like palled wine. Ubavata èna bez
doblest e kako izvetreano vino.
A WOMAN, a dog, and a walnut tree, the more you beat them the better
they are. @ena netepana i motika neklepana ne biva. Var. A spaniel,
a woman, and a walnut-tree, the more they're beaten the better they are.
Dally not with WOMEN or money. Da si nema{ rabota so èni i so
pari.
Never choose your WOMEN or your linen by candlelight. @ena i obleka ne se biraat na sve}a. Var. Choose neither a woman nor linen by the
candle-light.
Three WOMEN and a goose make a market. Tri èni i edna guska cel
pazar. Sim. Many women, many words; many geese, many turds. Where
there are women and geese, there wants no noise.
When an ass climbs a ladder, we may find wisdom in WOMEN. Magare
na skala i mudra èna, ne moè da bide.
WOMEN are as changeable as the wind. @enite se promenlivi kako
vetrot (vremeto). Var. Women are as wavering as the wind. Sim. A
woman is a weathercock. A woman's mind and winter wind change oft.
WOMEN are the devil's nets. @enata e od opa{kata na |avolot.
He cannot see the WOOD for the trees. Ne moè da ja vidi {umata od
drvoto. Var. You cannot see the wood for the trees. Sim. You cannot see
the city for the houses.
Like WOOD, like arrow. Kakvo drvce, takvo svir~e.
Better give the WOOL than the sheep. Poarno neka otide volnata
otkolku ovcata.
A WORD and a stone let go cannot be called back. Zbor {to }e se
kaè i kamen {to }e se frli, nazad ne se vra}aat. Sim. A word spoken is past recalling. Words have wings and cannot be recalled.
A WORD to a wise man is enough. Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e
dosta. Sim. Half a word is enough for a wise man. Cf. Few WORDS to the
wise suffice.
An honest man's WORD is as good as his bond. êsta na ~ovekot vredi kolku {to vredi negoviot zbor.
From WORD to deed is a great space. Mnozina znaat da zboruvaat, a
malcina znaat da rabotat. Var. Dolg e patot od zborot do deloto. Cf. SAYING and doing are two things. SAYING is one thing, and doing
another.
Many a true WORD is spoken in jest. Vo {egata ima mnogu vistina.
Var. Vo {egata ima polovina vistina.
Fair WORDS fill not the belly. So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi.
Var. Od zboroj popara ne se prajt. (Kav. 2632). Cf. Good WORDS fill
not a sack.
− 284 −
Bone Veličkovski
1153.
1154.
1155.
1156.
1157.
1158.
1159.
1160.
1161.
1162.
1163.
1164.
1165.
Fair WORDS hurt not the mouth. Od ubavi zborovi nema da ti padne
ustata. Cf. Fair WORDS break no bones.
Few WORDS to the wise suffice. Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e dosta.
Var. Za razbranjot i ajpida da zbr~it, dosta e. (Kav. 990). Za
nerazbranjot i t'pan da bijet ne e dosta. (Kav. 980). Cf. A WORD to
a wise man is enough.
Fine WORDS butter no parsnips. Ubavite zborovi ne se ma~kaat na
leb. Var. So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi.
Good WORDS anoint us, and ill do unjoint us. Dobrite zborovi gi
stavaat me~ovite vo kanii.
Good WORDS cool more than cold water. Dobrite zborovi ladat podbro od voda. Cf. A soft ANSWER turneth away wrath.
Good WORDS fill not a sack. So zboroj piqaf ne se prait, oti saka
oris i mas. (MNU 5883). Cf. Fair WORDS fill not the belly. Many WORDS
will not fill a bushel.
Kind WORDS go a long way. Qubeznite zborovi daleku patuvaat.
Sim. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Cf. LIP-HONOUR
costs little, yet may bring in much. Qubeznite zborovi se kako med.
(P.D. 1718). Arnata re~ carskata porta ja otvarat. (MNU 302).
Many WORDS will not fill a bushel. So zborovi ne se polnat ko{ei.
Var. Aren ti e zborot, ama tikven ti e gro{ot. (MNU 294). Cf.
Good WORDS fill not a sack.
WORDS and feathers the wind carries away. Zborovite i perduvite
gi nosi vetrot. Sim. Words are but wind. Words fly, writings remain.
WORDS cut more than swords. Mnozina padnale od me~, no ne tolku
kako od jazikot. (Ecclesiasticus 28, 18 / Sirah 28, 19). Var. J'zikot
se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323).
After the WORK is done, repose is sweet. Po rabotata, slatka e
po~ivkata.
As the WORK, so the pay. Kakva rabota, takva plata. Sekoj }e ja
primi svojata nagrada spored svojot trud. (I Corinthians 3, 8 / I Korintjani 3, 8; II Corinthians 5, 10 / II Korintjani 5, 10; Revelation 22,
12 / Otkrovenie 22, 12). Gospodi, Ti mu vra}a{ sekomu spored delata. (Psalms 62, 12 / Psalmi 62, 12; Proverbs 24, 12 / Poslovici 24,
12). ]e im platam spored nivnite raboti i spored delata na nivnite race. (Jeremiah 25, 14 / Eremija 25, 14; Matthew 16, 27 / Matej
16, 27; II Timothy 4, 14 / II Timotej 4, 14). Var. Koj kako rabotat,
taka e i platen. (Kav. 1576).
He that will not WORK shall not eat. Ako nekoj ne saka da raboti, neka i ne jade! (II Thessalonians 3, 10 / II Solunjani 3, 10). Var. If you
won't work, you shan't eat. Sim. No mill, no meal. A horse that will not carry the saddle must have no oats. Cf. No PAINS, no gains. No SWEET without
some sweat.
− 285 −
1166.
1167.
1168.
1169.
1170.
1171.
1172.
The WORK shows the workman. Rabotata go falit majstorot. (Kav.
3093). Var. Zanaet~ijata rabotata go falit. (Kav. 978). Cf. The
WORKMAN is known by his work.
WORK today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow. Koj sakat na starost da si po~init, na mladost trebit da se
potit. (Kav. 1659).
A bad WORKMAN quarrels with his tools. Lo{iot zanaet~ija se kara
so svojot alat.
The WORKMAN is known by his work. Majstorot se poznava po negovata rabota. Cf. The WORK shows the workman.
The WORLD is a ladder for some to go up and some down. @ivot je
merdivan, eden slaga, drug se ka~ue. (Nedeq. str. 186). Var. Sveto
e merdiven: edni se ka~uat, a drugi slevat. (MNU 5500). Sim. Thus
fareth the world, that one goeth up and another goeth down. In the world,
who knows not to swim goes to the bottom.
Even a WORM will turn. I crvot da go nagazi{ }e se svrti. Var.
Tread on a worm and it will turn. Cf. The FLY has her spleen and the ant her
gall. I b'lvana imat `'l~ka. (Kav. 1131).
It is not wise to open old WOUNDS. Ne otvoraj stari rani.
Y
1173.
1174.
1175.
1176.
1177.
1178.
1179.
1180.
It will be all the same a hundred YEARS hence. Vodata sekoga{ te~e
kon rekata. Var. Kradecot sekoga{ }e si ostane kradec. It will be
all one a thousand years hence. Edna{ na sto godini i pe~ena guska
moè da leta.
YEARS know more than books. Glavata e postara od knigata.
Better be the head of the YEOMARY than the tail of the gentry. Podobro e da si prv vo selo otkolku posleden vo grad.
YESTERDAY will not be called again. Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se
vra}a.
If the YOUNG man would and the old man could, there would be nothing undone. Ako mladiot naprave{e se' {to stariot znae{e,
ni{to ne }e ostane{e nezavr{eno. Var. Mladosta da ti ja imam,
srceto da ti go nemam. (Kav. 1972).
If you lie upon roses when YOUNG, you'll lie upon thorns when old. Ako
na mladost leì{ na rozi, na starost }e leì{ na trwe. Var. Koj
na mladost ne u~it (ne se u~it), na starost }e se m'~it. (Kav.
1604). Cf. An idle YOUTH, a needy age.
What's YOURS is mine, and what's mine is my own. I se' Moe - e Toe,
i Tvoeto - Moe. (John 17, 10 / Jovan 17, 10).
An idle YOUTH, a needy age. Ako na mladost ni{to ne si sobiral,
− 286 −
Bone Veličkovski
1181.
1182.
1183.
na starost ni{to nema da najde{. (Ecclesiasticus 25, 3 / Sirah 25, 5).
Var. A young courtier, an old beggar. Cf. If you lay upon roses when
YOUNG, you'll lie upon thorns when old.
Eident (diligent) YOUTH makes easy age. Koj{to saka da si po~init
na staros, neka se poma~it na mlados. (MNU 3201).
What YOUTH is used to, age remembers. Upatuvaj go deteto po negoviot pat, pa koga i }e ostare, nema da otstapi od nego. ([to nau~il
vo lulka, }e mu ostane do groba). Sim. Whoso learneth young forgets not
when he is old. Cf. What we first LEARN, we best know. (Proverbs 22, 6 /
Poslovici 22, 6).
YOUTH will have its course. Mladost(a) te~it kako reka, ama ne e za
dva veka. (Mladosta pominuva, kratkovremena e: taa ne trae mnogu, a
skoro si istekuva.). (MNU 3763). Var. Mladosta ne e doveka. (Kav.
1973).
SUBJECT INDEX
of the most commonly used key words and proverbial expressions
A
above 1054
abroad 151, 204
absence 1, 2, 890; absent 4; long ~ 3;
master ~ 609
abundance 5, 6, 383
accord 7; good ~ 612; according 519
accounting 8, 976
accuser 225
ache 245, 379; aching tooth 1025
acorn 9
action 10; actions 262
Adam 11
adder 12
ado 13
advantage 931
adversity 14, 316, 680, 771, 803
advice 15, 16, 17, 436, 936
afar off 1087
affection 566
afraid 868, 873
after 948, 1163; ~ death 621; ~ joy 760 ~
pleasure 760; afterwards 986
again 980, 1176; won ~ 1009; against
614, 933
age 18, 516, 605, 912, 1182; easy ~ 1181;
needy ~ 1178, 1180; old ~ 19, 807, 912
agreement, ill 1068; lean ~ 20
air 114; ill ~ 21
akin 832
alike 957
all 293, 719, 829, 854, 874, 957, 967,
1096; ~ arts 679, 784; ~ costs 227; ~
covet 234; ~ doors 655; ~ evil 580; ~
grasp 234; ~ honey 875; ~ lose 234; ~
maids 584; ~ meats 584; ~ men 623,
624, 759, 988; ~ parties 759; ~ perils
742; ~ rivers 837; ~ sides 716; ~ sores
724; ~ things 620, 726, 772, 811, 1002,
1003, 1004, 1005, 1079; ~ times 297; ~
truths 1061; ~ vice 450
alms 23
alone 24, 25
altar 26
always 973, 980
amends 32
amiss 27
ample provision 807, 912
an hour 430, 431
angel 28
anger 29, 30, 955; angry 31, 32
annoy 467, 760
another 156, 168, 441, 710, 753, 779,
910, 921; ~ day 845, 1019, 1020; ~ devil 673; ~ hand 363; ~ man 544; ~
man's 971, 1113; ~ nail 673; ~ poison
673; ~ thing 421, 85; 7; ~ turn 1063;
another's 156; ~ death 889; ~ hand 971;
~ house 907; ~ loaf 988; ~ trencher 971
answer, best 925; like ~ 814; soft ~ 33
ant 1171
anvil 34, 35, 362
apace 691, 1094
ape 36
apparel 217
appearance 37, 38
appetite 39
apple 40, 42; rotten ~ 41; apples 764
April 43
apron 1105
architect 44
arm 213, 519; arms 555; silver ~ 896
army 45
arrow 46, 644, 933; like ~ 1145
art 47, 48, 49, 698, 1001, 1012; all arts
679, 784
ascended 938
ashamed 783
ashes 42, 806
asking 50, 51, 52
asleep 917, 984
− 288 −
Bone Veličkovski
ass 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62,
63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 150, 250, 369, 402,
540, 716, 792, 1141; ass's tail 813
at last 1109; ~ once 956, 1066
aunt 68
authority 1036
avoided, half 269
axe 1047
B
Bacchus 69, 195
back 70; ~ door 711; called ~1147
bad 71, 72, 97, 455, 462, 721, 756, 822; ~
dog 396; ~ job 1075; ~ man 1135; ~
market 600; ~ masters 315; ~ news 690,
691; ~ paymaster 727; ~ woman 1135;
~ workman 1168
bag 237, 259, 1029, 1067
baker 371
balk 74
ball 899
barber 75
bare 887; barefoot 889, 989
bark 276, 362; barkers, great 276; barking
278, 657; ~ dog 276
barn 43
battle 100, 530, 742, 817
bead 77; beads 246
bean 78; hard beans 439
bear 80, 421
beard 83, 84, 149
beast 12, 43, 53, 418
beaten 1137
beauty 85, 86, 793
bed 19, 87, 88, 89, 90; strange bedfellows
680
bee 91, 403
before 986; ~ breakfast 502; ~ supper 502
beggar 93, 94, 200, 484, 674; enriched ~
484; old ~ 1180; beggar's brother 449,
903; ~ purse 555
beginning 39, 97, 98, 99, 570, 723; every
~ 937
behind 899
believed 521; quick believers 1049; believing 865
bell, cracked 103
belly 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 546, 679,
749, 784, 1152, 1158; bellyful 109
beloved 682
below 861
best 120, 377, 386, 464, 504, 516, 577,
615, 724, 816, 885, 976, 992, 1065,
1075, 1182; ~ answer 894, 925; ~ cart
185; ~ pear 396; ~ teacher 300; ~ things
985; ~ wine 1113
bestir 111
betimes 759
better 78, 92, 95, 96, 105, 110, 112, 114,
151, 152, 267, 295, 296, 311, 318, 332,
340, 347, 369, 376, 501, 518, 606, 675,
682, 809, 865, 874, 888, 907, 913, 922,
972, 1032, 1069, 1137, 1146, 1175; ~
children 839; ~ corn 345; ~ late 560; ~
some 809; ~ thing 751; better-natured
113
between 947
big fish 319; two bigs 1067
bill 1117
bird 114, 117, 118, 119, 120, 123, 124,
168, 247, 248, 498, 688; bitter ~ 122,
475; each ~ 115; early ~ 121; ill ~ 116,
749; birds 217, 536, 779, 920, 921
birth 125
bit 126
bitch 984; hasty ~ 127
bite 276; biters 276; bitten 868; once ~
189, 277
bitter bird 122, 475
blab 128, 129
black 122, 130, 264, 741, 1100; ~ clouds
212, 948; ~ hen 391; ~ sheep 878;
black-brows 122, 475
blamed 1058
blessed 347; blessing 616
blind 134, 135, 231, 442, 566; ~ man 131,
132; ~ men 133; ~ whelps 127; blindworm 12
block, every 824; old ~ 207, 660
blood 136, 137, 605
blossom 86, 793
blow 34; first ~ 100; blows 418, 940
boast, great 138, 148, 975
body 374, 1113; little ~ 139; sound ~ 636
boisterous horse 414
bold 333, 478
− 289 −
SUBJECT INDEX
bolted 436
bond 1149
bone 19, 140, 141, 866, 1027; good ~
396; bones 940, 1153
books 1174
born 142, 143, 550, 593, 611, 624, 759,
997
borrower 144; borrowing 145
bosom 46, 247, 909, 933
both hands 363; ~ sides 956
bottom 922, 973, 1170; bottomless 94
bough 146
bow 644
boy 147
braggers, great 148, 975
brains 149, 373, 855
brass 595; ~ kettle 781
brave 333
braying 150, 792
bread 9, 154, 171, 1034; dry ~ 151, 152;
eaten ~ 153; no ~ 913
breakfast, before 502
breaking 474
breast 246
breath 155, 156
bred 141
bridge 80, 158, 159
bridle 64, 805; rough ~ 414
brim 922
broad shoulders 1049
broken 755
broom, new 160
broth 155, 226; good ~ 161
brother 683, 900; beggar's ~ 449, 903;
two brothers 162
bruit 148; much ~ 975
buffet 126
building 163; built 699, 840
bull 165
bulrush 165
bung-hole 738
burden 53, 63, 166; own ~ 733 great burdens 409
burned down 436, 936; burnt child 203,
277; burnt-arse 122, 475
bush 114, 168, 779, 921, 1112; bush natural ~ 167; each ~ 982
bushel 341, 1158, 1160
business 169, 590
butcher 170, 427
butter 9, 171, 371, 1155
buyer 172
C
cabbage 173, 740
cable 665
Caesar 174
cake 175, 779
calendar 258
call 122; called 596, 1176; calling 590
calm 948
camel 176, 177
candle 178, 179, 180; candle-light 1139
capon 9; fat ~ 152
capuche 77, 246
caravan 278, 657
carcass 181
care 182, 835; much ~ 835; great cares
916; little cares 916
carrion 821
cart 184, 1098; best ~ 185; creaking ~
183
castle 386; frontier ~ 1102
cat 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194 ,
392; ~ in gloves 187; scalded ~ 189,
277; cat's paw 201; sober cats 221
cause 32
cellar 43
Ceres 195
chain 196, 993
changeable 1142
charity 197, 198
cheer, good 153
cherry 200; cherries 454
chestnuts 201
chickens 202
child 204, 254, 496, 839, 969; burnt ~
203; own ~ 722; children 163, 204, 205,
206; children, better ~ 839; children,
twice ~ 707; children's teeth 310
chip 207, 660
chosen 596
Christmas 208
church 209, 854
churls' play 758
− 290 −
Bone Veličkovski
city 963, 1144
civility 543
clad 36
claws 540
clean 160, 702, 754, 963; cleanliness 210
clear weather 212, 948
climbers, hasty 211
cloak 954
close mouth 667, 1122
cloth 213, 519; sheep's clothing 1128
clouds, black 212, 948
clown 313, 457
coat 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 241,
519, 883; large ~ 672
cobbler 219
cock 220, 435, 478; old ~ 252
coin, much 835
cold 195; ~ hands 364; ~ water 189, 277,
1157
colour 133
colt 221, 477
comb 422
comfit 78
comforter's head 222
common horse 423; commonly 393
company 355, 585, 1134
compelled 563
concord 1070
conscience, good 224; guilty ~225, 982
consent 895
constant dropping 282; ~ guest 320, 360
content 191, 635; little ~ 1092; contented
1092; ~ mind 635; contentment 1092
continual fear 225, 982; ~ feast 224, 635
cookery 439; many cooks 226
cool 43
core 42
corn 43, 768, 924, 1068; better ~ 345;
good ~ 864
cost 1113; at head's ~ 1026; little ~ 672;
more ~ 409; all costs 227
cough 562
counsel 228, 229, 693, 863; many counsellors 229
country 231, 232, 841; own ~ 801; many
countries 230, 493
couple, happy 442
course 565, 1183
courtesy 233; young courtier 1180
cousin 940
cover 780; covered 746; coverlet 519
covet 234; covetous man 235, 236, 772,
966; covetousness 237, 1029
cow 238, 239, 240, 1088; neighbour's ~
345
cowl 215, 241
crabbed knot 994; ~ wedge 994
crab-tree 242
cracked bell 103
craft 233, 323; craft's master 610; creaking cart 183; ~ door 183
creditors 243
crime 782; criminal 721
cripple 244
crooked logs 553
cross 245, 246, 379
crow 131, 247, 248, 909; evil ~ 117;
crows 249
cruel 463; cruelty 721
crupper, embroidered 250; new ~ 250,
598
crust 191
cry 13; much ~ 148, 975
cuckold 444
cunning wife 1105
cupboard 107
cured 676; half ~ 269
cushion, devil's 446
custom 251; ill ~ 395; many customs 230,
493
cuts, desperate 270
cycles 952
D
dam 252, 477
danger 260, 742, 877, 1046; ~ foreseen
269; ~ past 253; dangerous 1020
dark 194; darkest 681
daughter 254, 660, 800, 914, 1010; scabby ~ 839; daughter-in-law 662
dawn 681
day 293, 398, 503, 695, 699, 726, 840;
day, another ~ 845, 1019, 1020; every ~
748; fair ~ 1118; first ~ 610; rainy ~
807, 912; whole ~ 18, 807, 912; three
days 320
− 291 −
SUBJECT INDEX
dead 255, 480, 549, 788, 889; ~ house
609; deadly disease 827
deaf 256, 442
deal, great 924
death 156, 173, 257, 258, 259, 569, 827,
900, 901; after ~ 621; another's ~ 889;
fair ~ 267; glorious ~ 267; feast ~ 1082
debt 88, 797; debtors 243; ill ~ 727; debts
260
deceit 1049; deceived 393, 1049; deceiving 37; deceptive 37
deed 856, 1150; good ~ 261, 558; deeds
262
deemed, ill 676
deep 768, 1089; deep waters 881
defiled 702, 754
delay 1006; delays 1020
den 1132
descent, greater 211
design 882
desperate cuts 270; ~ diseases 270; ~
remedies 270
destruction 389, 908
Devil 77, 179, 209, 246, 263, 264, 265,
484, 540, 1130; another ~ 673; one ~
673; devil's cushion 446; devil's nets
1143
dicing 908
died 759
diet, slender 413
difficult 99, 937
diligence 182; diligent youth 1181
dinner 621; little ~ 971
dirt 268; dirty linen 539; ~ puddings 279;
~ water 1085
discretion 713
disease 826, 826; ~ known 269; deadly ~
827; diseases 271, 638; desperate ~ 270
disgrace 454, 783; open ~ 789
dish 125
disputants, two 272
distaff 352
distrust 1049
ditch 134
divided 482, 1070
doctor 257, 621, 746, 826, 959
doers 975; little ~ 148, 975
dog 66, 220, 369, 478, 866, 939, 1137;
bad ~ 396; barking ~ 276; scalded ~
277; dog's foot 201; ~ tooth 428; dogs
278, 281, 657; great ~ 921; hungry ~
279; little ~ 168, 921
doing 856, 857, 1150; ~ nothing 280,
450; well ~ 1097; done 851, 852, 1163
door 220, 335, 336, 476, 552, 785, 963;
back ~ 711; creaking ~ 183; open ~
711; doors 937; all ~ 655; open ~281;
doorstep 963
doublet 216, 883
doves 869
dower 85
down, burned 936
dozen 1028
drabbing 908
drink 109, 911; drinking 908
dropping, constant 282; many drops 283,
597, 737
drouth 911
drowned 69, 70, 671, 850; drowning man
284
drunkenness 911, 1074
dry 43, 1088; ~ bread 151, 152
duck 285
due 179; ~ time 448
dumb 916
dunghill 220; own ~ 478
dust 286; tomorrow ~ 1015
E
each bird 115; ~ bush 982; ~ other 467
eagle 181; eagles 287
ear 177, 288; one ~ 1068; sow's ~ 813;
ears 108, 312, 540, 1081; two ~ 289;
wide ~ 377, 728
early 89; ~ bird 121
earnest 200, 464
earth 227, 259, 622, 746, 1040; earthen
pot 781
ease 711, 759; at ~ 31; easier 810; ~ said
851; easily 388; easy 290, 936, 939,
1124; ~ age 1181; ~ come 534; ~ go
534
East 386, 757; East Indies 850
eaten 875; ~ bread 153; eating 39
− 292 −
Bone Veličkovski
eavesdroppers 545
ebbest 950
edge 310
educated 839; education 292
egg 117, 152, 751; white ~ 391; eggs 474
eident youth 1181
elbow 915
elephant 327
eleven 819
ell 313, 457
embroidered crupper 250
empty 94; ~ heads 627; ~ sack 848; ~
vessels 1073
end 293, 294, 723, 986; ending 97, 98,
570
enemy 47, 647, 969, 981, 1115; familiar
~ 295; open ~ 295; enemies 350; many
~ 870; reconciled ~ 173
Englishman's home 386
enough 863, 1029, 1092, 1148; long ~
889, 1026; rich ~ 1092
enriched beggar 484
envied 296
equal 259, 605
estate 644
Eve 11
even reckoning 823
evening 293, 430
event 436, 936, 1124
ever 521, 980
every beginning 937; ~ block 824; ~ day
748; ~ flock 878; ~ foot 884; ~ man
963, 976; ~ miller 634; ~ one 1047; ~
pedlar 732, 733; ~ shoe 884; ~ sin 897;
~ stone 859; ~ sweet 1100; ~ white
1100; ~ why 1101
everybody 759
everyone 759, 832, 885, 976
everything 537, 862, 996, 1079; ~ new
689
evil 46, 721, 933, 964; ~ crow 117; ~ fruit
1041; ~ gotten 298, 453; ~ manners
508; ~ spent 298, 453; ~ way 494; all ~
580
excuse 4
experience 300
eye 301, 302, 303, 384, 890; ~ of a needle
176; one ~ 304; eyes 200, 247, 249,
312, 909, 1081; four ~ 304; hundred ~
172; two ~ 289, 304; eyewitness 865
F
face 209, 306, 363, 468, 789, 933, 1051;
fair ~ 85, 305, 385; good ~ 675;
scratched ~ 1056
fade 86
failure 451
fain 687
faint heart 380
fair 42, 180, 305, 461, 468, 689, 904; ~
day 1118; ~ death 267; ~ face 85, 305;
~ feathers 729; ~ lady 380; ~ water
1086; ~ weather 1093; ~ wife 419,
1102; ~ without 305; ~ woman 1136; ~
words 1152, 1153, 1158; fairest 248; ~
rose 844
faith 472
fall 794; greatest ~ 1046; lower ~ 211;
fallen 1047; falling house 820; sudden
falls 211
false friend 295; ~ prophets 802
familiar enemy 295
fanned fires 563
far 904, 905, 1037; far-dwelling kinsman
340, 682, 683; farthest 1132
fast 397, 846; so ~ 1109; faster 902
fasting 106
fat 78; ~ capon 152; ~ judgement 20; ~
kitchen 483; ~ land 344; ~ paunches
104
fate 671, 307; fated 671
father 141, 309, 1010; like ~ 660; miserly
~ 308, 641; thrifty ~ 308; fathers 310
fault 4, 439, 670; one ~ 1104; faultless
297; faults 564, 589; physicians' ~ 746;
two ~ 1104
fear 152, 311, 579, 828, 982; continual ~
225, 982; feared 826; fears 835
feast, continual 224, 635; death's ~ 1082
feather 114, 123, 536; featherbed 387;
feathers 217, 358, 1161; fair ~ 729
fed 971
feeling 865
feet 192, 259, 368, 1108; foul ~ 729;
leaden ~ 353
felled 699
− 293 −
SUBJECT INDEX
fellowship 771, 804
fence 345
few 596; ~ words 1148, 1154
fiddler 434
fields 312, 1081
fierce 264
file 1007
fill 35
filth 770
fine 689, 819; ~ words 1155
finger 313, 457; fingers 702, 754, 946,
990
fire 201, 203, 204, 277, 314, 315, 316,
317, 341, 357, 371, 686, 703, 906, 907,
1085, 1087; great ~ 924; hot ~ 1086;
little ~ 924; no ~ 906; fanned fires 563;
straight ~ 553
first 318, 367, 500, 504, 516, 701, 722,
793, 986, 1115, 1182; ~ blow 100; ~
day 610; ~ gaining 735; ~ love 577; ~
step 937
fish 81, 192, 202, 320, 321, 322, 323, 360
fish, big 319; fresh ~ 320; great ~ 319;
little ~ 319; small ~ 319; fisherman
1033; fishing 324
fitly 894, 925
flax 352
flesh 9, 140, 141, 932
fling 760
flock, every 878; whole ~ 876
flogged 839
flower 86, 325, 793; one ~ 961
fly 326, 327, 1171; flies 287, 401, 405,
667, 875, 983
flying 307, 328, 671
foes 1055
folk, rich 812, 833
folly 505, 572; follies 1119
fool 15, 60, 75, 297, 329, 330, 373, 495;
fool's paper 1080; ~ tongue 1026; foolish man 412; ~ tongues 1028; ~ pound
738; fools 206, 331, 1126
foot 271, 332, 638, 670; dog's ~ 201;
every ~ 884
forbidden fruit 343, 764, 1090
forced love 563
forecast 713
forehead 384
forepart 716
foreseen, danger 269
forever 490
forgetful head 368
forgotten 578; God ~ 80, 253; soon ~ 3,
153, 890
fork 141
formidable 45
fortune 44, 333, 334, 335, 336, 354, 458,
713; good ~ 713; ill ~ 382; fortune's
wheel 337
foul 702, 754; ~ feet 729; ~ heart 305; ~
water 1086; ~ weather 1093; ~ within
305; foulest weeds 344
fountains, little 283
four eyes 304; ~ legs 417
fowl 114
fox 338, 359, 541, 1132, 1133; old ~ 323
France 60
free 623, 983, 988, 991; horse ~ 418
fresh fish 320
friar 241, 274
Friday 502
friend 153, 197, 339, 341, 484, 647, 812,
1115; false ~ 295; good ~ 340, 683;
true ~ 743; friends 350, 512, 771, 804;
long ~ 823; many ~ 812, 833; old ~
342; friendship 316
frontier castle 1102
frugality 458
fruit 148, 474, 571, 1042, 1044, 1045;
evil ~ 1041; forbidden ~ 343, 764,
1090; good ~ 1041; little ~ 975; stolen
~ 343
frying-pan 475, 939
full 106, 389, 749, 971; full ~ 812, 833
furrow, straight 714
fury 538
G
gain 156, 559; lightly gained 290, 534;
gained, penny ~ 735; first gaining 735;
no gains 718, 965
gall 1022, 1171
gallon 401
gallows 981
game 554; gamesters 554; gaming 908
− 294 −
Bone Veličkovski
garden 311, 344; gardener 311; garland
325, 961
garment 217
gate 335
geese 345, 1133; many ~ 1140
generous 623, 988
gentle 573; gentleman 11, 215, 644, 979
gentry 1175
gift horse 346
Gill 462
girdle 1022
given horse 346; giving much 774
glad 777, 1116; gladness 467, 502, 849
glass 370; ~ houses 371
glorious death 267
gloves, cat in ~ 187
gluttony 104
goat 83
God 209, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354,
588, 592, 613, 616, 984, 1078, 1089; ~
forgotten 80, 253; godliness 210; God's
help 681
going 387; gone 1015; so ~ 534
gold 55, 62, 78, 316, 356, 357, 386, 432,
476, 492, 552, 586, 675, 1030; today ~
1015; golden 615, 816, 893, 929; ~ key
476, 552
good 24, 72, 74, 96, 98, 105, 111, 179,
255, 338, 455, 464, 465, 509, 545, 605,
659, 721, 766, 862, 964, 1149; ~ accord
612; ~ bone 396; ~ broth 161; ~ cheer
153; ~ conscience 224; ~ corn 864; ~
deed 261, 558; ~ face 675; ~ fortune
713; ~ friend 340, 683; ~ fruit 1041; ~
heart 382; ~ horse 418; ~ intentions
390; ~ key 720; ~ land 494; ~ laws 508;
~ market 600; ~ memories 523; ~ morrow 682; ~ mother 661; ~ mouse-hunt
190; ~ name 675; ~ neighbour 682; ~
ruler 701; ~ seed 864; ~ servants 315; ~
shepherd 880; ~ smack 741; ~ store
171; ~ thing 1029, 1088; ~ things 984,
985; ~ tree 1041; ~ turn 261, 558, 1063;
~ ware 1083; ~ watch 1084; ~ wife
1103; ~ wine 1112; ~ words 543, 1152,
1156, 1157, 1158, 1160; goodly prize
1103; goods 623, 988; men's ~ 623
goose 285, 1140; king’s ~ 358
gotten, evil 453; ill ~ 453
governance, short 511
gowd's worth 757
gown 241
grain 546
grapes 359, 1074; sour ~ 310
grass 43, 345, 420, 859
grave 142, 463
gray 194, 338; ~ head 373
great 72, 125, 283, 597, 737; ~ barkers
276; ~ boast 138, 148, 975; ~ braggers
148, 975; ~ burdens 409; ~ cares 916; ~
deal 924; ~ dogs 921; ~ fire 924; ~ fish
319; ~ healer 1003; ~ honours 409; ~
liar 974; ~ loss 559; ~ oaks 514, 699,
944; ~ persons 200; ~ price 1076; ~
promises 798; ~ revenges 1072; ~ riches 376; ~ ship 514, 881, 944; ~ sorrows
916; ~ soul 139; ~ space 856, 1150; ~
talker 974; ~ thieves 983; ~ treasure
816, 893; ~ wain 514, 944; ~ wasters
163; greater descent 211; greatest fall
1046; ~ sound 1073; ~ step 937; ~ talkers 975; ~ wealth 1092
greener 345
grief 408, 724; thousand griefs 762
groat 111
ground 74, 947; neighbour's ~ 345
guest, constant 320, 360; unbidden ~ 361;
uncalled ~ 361; unserved ~ 361; guests
320, 360; new-come ~ 320
guide 821
guilty conscience 225, 982
gutter 829
H
habit 241
hail storm 662
hair, more 167
half 85, 100, 101; ~ a loaf 913; ~ a word
1148; ~ avoided 269; ~ cured 269; ~
hanged 676
hammer 35, 362
hand 77, 114, 246, 313, 457, 495, 543,
879, 969, 1159; ~ play 758; another ~
363; another's ~ 971; left ~ 458; one ~
169, 170, 363; right ~ 458; short ~ 975,
1023; strong ~ 29; handful 1030; both
− 295 −
SUBJECT INDEX
hands 363; cold ~ 364; iron ~ 353;
many ~ 365
hanged 630, 671, 704, 842, 983; half ~
676
happiness 635; happy 788; ~ couple 442
hard 99, 366, 395, 759, 937; ~ beans 439;
~ words 940; harder 473
hare 921
harm 543, 753, 1048, 1159; harmless
869; harms 1127
harp 58, 131, 168, 239, 367
hasty bitch 127; ~ climbers 211
hat 543; man's ~ 1159
hatched 202
hawks 249
hay 43, 461
head 46, 67, 322, 369, 370, 371, 374, 445,
1175; comforter's ~ 222; forgetful ~
368; gray ~ 373; mickle ~ 372; shooter's ~933; wise ~ 1122; headed 630;
head's cost 1026; empty heads 627;
many ~ 375, 626
healer, great 1003
health 376; healthy 89
hearing 633; ten hear-so's 865
heart 1, 6, 77, 245, 246, 303, 379, 381,
383, 410, 468, 573, 890, 1022, 1039,
1116, 1126; faint ~ 380; foul ~ 305;
good ~ 382; lord's ~ 555; warm ~ 364;
willing ~ 382, 1107; heart's letter 384; ~
mirth 385
hearth 386; own ~ 757
heaven 150, 176, 387, 602, 792, 933
heavy 940
hedge 388, 956; low ~ 388
heed 173
heel, horse's 428; heels 368, 502, 1056
heir 591, 981
hell 389, 390
help, God's 681; helpers 398
hen 392, 435, 546; black ~ 391; hens 359
hence 1173
herb 576
here 1015
herring 935; herringman 1033
hid 562
high 259; too ~ 164; higher mountain
211; ~ standing 211; highest 681; ~ tree
1046
highway 393, 394
hill 861
himself 875, 910
hind part 716
hindered 1167
hinges 183
hire 491; hired horse 415
hog 395; worst ~ 396
hole 545, 591, 666, 711
holiday 398; holy water 265
home 60, 151, 197, 204, 220, 386, 478,
539, 757, 954, 1038, 1091, 1132, 1132;
like ~ 757; homely 386
honest man's 1149; honesty 399
honey 91, 326, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404,
405, 406; ~ tongue 1022; all ~ 875
honour 267, 407, 408, 801, 1046; more ~
409; great honours 409
hood 241, 672
hope 410, 411, 413, 533; much ~ 412
horn 440, 813, 854; horns 177, 715
hornets 983
horse 57, 59, 60, 184, 221, 416, 417, 420,
421, 424, 425, 426, 427, 436, 672, 718,
936, 965; boisterous ~ 414; common ~
423; free ~ 418; gift (given) ~ 346;
good ~ 418; hired ~ 415; running ~
418; scabbed ~ 422; white ~ 18, 419,
807, 912; horseback 271, 484, 638;
horse's heel 428
host 429
hot 461; ~ fire 1086
hour, an 430, 431; morning ~ 432; two
hours 430
house 164, 370, 433, 434, 435, 436, 604,
711, 842, 908, 936; dead ~ 609; another's ~ 907; falling ~ 820; man's own ~
907; neighbour's ~ 686; own ~ 478; rich
~ 808; whole ~ 829; household 437;
houses 1144; glass ~ 371
human 297
hundred 329; ~ eyes 172; ~ steps 448; ~
years 1173
hunger 413, 438, 439, 679, 784; hungry
191; ~ dogs 279
− 296 −
Bone Veličkovski
hunters 440, 854; hunting 762
hurt man 595
husband 442, 443, 444, 445, 915, 1105
I
idle 447; ~ people 448; ~ person 446; ~
youth 1178, 1180; idleness 280, 449,
450, 571, 903
ignorance 47, 451; ignorant 47
ill 255, 280, 450, 452, 454, 603, 980,
1156; ~ agreement 1068; ~ air 21; ~
bird 116, 749; ~ custom 395; ~ debtors
727; ~ deemed 676; ~ fortune 382; ~
gotten 298, 453; ~ luck 455; ~ man 591,
981; ~ name 676; ~ news 691, 692; ~
pennyworth 399; ~ spent 298, 453; ~
turn 456, 1064; ~ weeds 1094, 1095; ~
wound 676
image 901
impossible 382, 1107
impoverishing, sweet 163
in 1114
inch 313, 457
inconvenience 782
index 306
industry 458
infallible 297
infirmities 564
injuries 595; injuring 721
intentions, good 390
invention 679, 784
iron 459, 460, 461, 847; ~ hands 353
J
Jack 462; ~ of all trades 1935
jealousy 463, 567
jest 200, 464, 1151; long jesting 465
jewel 1076
Jill 462
job, bad 1075
Jove 466
joy 467, 468; after ~ 760
judged 470; fat judgement 20
just 472; little justice 507
K
keep 18; keeping 473
kennel 66, 474
kettle 122, 475; brass ~ 781
key 449, 903; golden ~ 476, 552; good ~
720
kick 477
kid 252
kin 484
kind 190; ~ words 543, 1159
king 188, 200, 231, 259, 478, 479, 480,
481, 496, 696; king’s goose 358; kingdom 176, 231, 1092; kingdoms 482;
kings 510
kinsman, far-dwelling 340, 682, 683
kirtle 216, 883
kitchen, fat 483
kitten, wanton 221
knave 484, 980
knife 170, 427, 460
knot 829; crabbed ~ 994; knotty timber
994
knowledge 486, 487, 488; known 118,
119, 585, 1042; disease ~ 269
L
labour 67, 902; labourer 491
ladder 938, 1141, 1170
lady, fair 380
lame 244
Lammas 490
land 493, 495, 496, 861; fat ~ 344; good
~ 494
larder 497
large coat 672; ~ shives 988; ~ streams
283; ~ thongs 623, 988
larks 498; roasted ~ 498
last 444, 499, 500, 501, 504, 560; ~ year
124; at ~ 1109
late 501, 603, 971; better ~ 560; too ~
830, 936
laughing 515; much laughter 505
law 493, 506, 508, 509, 678; much ~ 507;
lawfully 509; laws 510, 983; good ~
508; wrong ~ 511; lawsuits 512; lawyer's opinion 513
leaden feet 353
leaf 1001, 1012
leak, small 514, 944
− 297 −
SUBJECT INDEX
lean 78; ~ agreement 20; ~ pates 104
learning, much 517
least 975; ~ doers 975; ~ leisure 448
leather 623, 988
leaves 742
lecture 384
left hand 458
legs 368, 519; four ~ 417; short ~ 528
leisure, least 448
lender 144
length 519
lent 416
lessons, many 1002
lest 464, 1056
letter 520; heart's ~ 384
leveller 259
liar 521, 522, 524, 583; great ~ 974; liars
523; lie 525, 526, 527; lies 528; long ~
1036
liberty 78
life 49, 520, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 549,
706, 930; shameful ~ 267; whole ~ 267;
lifeless 297; nine lives 186
light 452, 1108; ~ come 1110; ~ go 1110;
~ work 365; lightly 854; ~ gained 290,
534
like 263, 535, 536; ~ answer 814; ~ arrow
1145; ~ father 660; ~ home 757; ~ offering 853; ~ question 814; ~ saint 853;
~ son 660; ~ wood 1145; likeness 123,
536; liking 123, 536
limit 537, 538
linen 1139; dirty ~ 539
link 196, 993
lion 45, 54, 220, 264, 369, 478, 540;
lion's share 542; ~ skin 541
lip-honour 543
lips 544
listeners 545
little 378, 543, 546, 668, 775, 1092; ~
body 139; ~ cares 916; ~ content 1092;
~ cost 672; ~ dinner 971; ~ doers 148,
975; ~ dogs 168, 921; ~ fire 924; ~ fish
319; ~ fountains 283; ~ fruit 975; ~ justice 507; ~ roast 148, 975; ~ stone 514,
944; ~ strokes 514, 944; ~ thieves 983;
~ wit 368, 372; ~ wool 148, 975; many
a ~ 597; too ~ 863
live 142; living 549
lizard 277, 369
loaded, tree 1044
loaf, another's 988; half a ~ 913
lock 476, 552
logs, crooked 553
lone man 877; sheep ~ 877
long 551, 846; ~ absent 3; ~ enough 889,
1026; ~ friends 823; ~ jesting 465; ~
lies 1036; ~ pain 762; ~ rope 889; ~
tongue 975, 1023; ~ way 543, 1159; ~
ways 1036; ~est 504; ~ way 1091;
lookers-on 554; looking-glass 132
loophole 506
Lord 7, 555, 556, 612, 776; Lord's heart
555
lose, all 234; loser 557; loss 72, 156, 557,
559; great ~ 559; lost 105, 261, 501,
503, 558, 672, 1088; occasion ~ 1009;
quickly ~ 290, 534; time ~ 1009
louse 9
love 2, 152, 384, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565,
566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573,
574, 575, 576, 580, 762, 785, 890; first
~ 577; forced ~ 563; old ~ 578; perfect
~ 579; true ~ 565; old lover 581; lovers'
perjuries 466
low 259; ~ hedge 388; too ~ 164; lower
fall 211; lowest 388
luck 182, 582, 952; ill ~ 455
lying 522, 583
M
mackerel 935
mad 354, 517, 712, 939; madman 969;
short madness 30
Mahomet 663
maid 254; all maids 584
main sea 742
Mammon 613
man 7, 12, 14, 24, 44, 68, 89, 142, 154,
156, 159, 166, 174, 197, 217, 241, 245,
266, 297, 335, 355, 379, 427, 478, 479,
509, 531, 543, 582, 585, 586, 587, 588,
589, 590, 592, 593, 594, 599, 608, 610,
612, 613, 644, 653, 672, 694, 715, 788,
800, 839, 842, 897, 908, 1015, 1034,
− 298 −
Bone Veličkovski
1116, 1125; another ~ 544; bad ~ 1135;
blind ~ 131, 132; covetous ~ 235, 236;
drowning ~ 284; every ~ 963; hurt ~
595; ill ~ 591; lone ~ 877; naked ~ 674,
680; no ~ 701; one-eyed ~ 231; poor ~
834; rich ~ 176, 832, 834; slothful ~
449, 903; unfortunate ~ 70; valiant ~
232; willful ~ 1107; wise ~ 701, 712,
1148; man's hat 1159; ~ own house
907; ~ praise 787, 867; ~ store 774;
another ~ 971, 1113; men 28, 43, 64,
69, 259, 388, 517, 550, 715, 727, 762,
908; all ~ 623, 624, 759, 988; blind ~
133; many ~ 375, 626; more ~ 628; old
~ 839; other ~ 625; patient ~ 726; tall ~
627; wise ~ 329; men's shoes 889; other
~ 623, 988, 1127
manners, evil 508; other ~ 1013
many 5, 22, 495, 596, 737, 739, 971,
1151; ~ a little 597; ~ cooks 226; ~
counsellors 229; ~ countries 230, 493;
~ customs 230, 493; ~ drops 283, 597,
737; ~ enemies 870; ~ friends 812, 833;
~ geese 1140; ~ hands 365; ~ heads
375, 626; ~ lessons 1002; ~ masters
164; ~ men 375, 626; ~ minds 375, 626;
~ opinions 375, 626; ~ servants 870; ~
small 283, 597, 737; ~ strokes 699; ~
trades 1034; ~ turds 1140; ~ women
1140; ~ words 1059, 1140, 1158
marble stone 595
March 43, 142
mare 427, 599; old ~ 250, 598; smith's ~
887
mark 131, 349, 899
market 60, 349, 568, 1140; bad ~ 600;
good ~ 600; quick markets 1083
marksman 601
marriage 605; marriages 602; marrying
163
master 56, 200, 479, 606, 607, 608, 610,
611, 612, 794; absent ~ 609; ~ of none
1935; bad masters 315; many ~ 164;
two ~ 613; mastery 786
May 43
meal 965, 1165; meals 532; meal-tub 973
mean 615; means 294, 616
measure 615, 617, 618, 620; own ~ 469
meat 9, 105, 109, 173, 621; roast ~ 151;
all meats 584
medicine 827
medlars 1001
meek 622
memories 243; good ~ 523
merchant 629
mercury 824
mercy 721
merry 854
messengers 630
mice 187, 190, 193, 392, 497
mickle 597; ~ head 372
middle way 615
might 541, 631, 632; mighty 765, 1054
milk 240, 345, 351
mill 965, 1165; own ~ 634; mill-clock
633; miller 633; every ~ 634
mind 303, 306, 384, 890; contented ~
635; sound ~ 636; woman's ~ 1142;
many minds 375, 626
mine 1179
mirror 302
mirth 502; heart's ~ 385
mischief 271, 441, 637, 638, 639
miser 640; miserly father 308, 641
misfortune 454, 1084; misfortunes 642
mistakes 451
mistress 254
moderation 620, 643
molehill 327; molehills 798
money 236, 512, 580, 644, 645, 646, 647,
648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655,
656, 785, 891, 952, 1008, 1032, 1138
monk 241, 716
moon 278, 657, 658
more 53, 78, 82, 347, 659, 669, 766, 928,
930, 1029, 1062, 1174; ~ cost 409; ~
hair 167; ~ honour 409; ~ men 628; ~
pleasure 763; ~ worth 972; none ~ 887
morning 430, 432, 502; ~ hour 432; ~ sun
18, 807, 912
morrow, good 682
mortal 550, 624
moss 945
most 975; ~ noise 1098; ~ sound 1073
mother 254, 280, 450, 660, 679, 693, 784,
1032, 1049, 1118; good ~ 661; pitiful ~
839; mother-in-law 662
− 299 −
SUBJECT INDEX
mountain 327, 663; higher ~ 211; mountains 664, 798
mouse 9, 369, 433, 591, 664, 665, 666;
good mouse-hunt 190
mouth 6, 46, 91, 170, 346, 381, 383, 396,
400, 402, 404, 427, 432, 498, 933,
1022, 1126, 1153; close ~ 667, 1122;
own ~ 787, 867; oxen's ~ 717; ~ shut
667; unsavoury ~138
much 43, 378, 543, 659, 668, 669, 766,
775, 1037; ~ bruit 975; ~ care 835; ~
coin 835; ~ cry 148, 975; ~ hope 412; ~
laughter 505; ~ law 507; ~ learning
517; ~ science 487; ~ sorrow 487; ~
work 368; giving ~ 774; too ~ 799, 863,
1029
mulberry-tree 1001, 1012
mule 670, 716
multitude 198
Muses 432
musk 66
mustard 621
my own 1179
N
nail 263, 672; another ~ 673; one ~ 673
naked 879; ~ man 674, 680; ~ truth 865
name, good 675; ill ~ 676
natural 142, 624; ~ bush 167; nature 48,
141, 289, 338, 677, 1131; second ~ 251
nay 1106
near 483, 883; ~ neighbour 340, 682, 683;
too ~ 1056; nearer 140, 883; nearest
197, 681; ~ relation 340, 683
necessity 678, 679, 784, 1075
neck 77, 454
need 339, 680, 681; needles 732; needy
age 1178, 1180
needle, eye of a ~ 176
neighbour 41, 684, 685; good ~ 682; near
~ 340, 682, 683; neighbours 682, 687;
neighbour's cow 345; neighbour's ~
345; neighbour's ~ 686
Neptune 69
nest 116, 120, 124; own ~ 749
net 688; devil's nets 1143
never 276, 501, 558, 560, 705, 955, 973,
1018, 1048, 1097, 1139; ~ welcome
320, 360
new broom 160; ~ crupper 250, 598; ~
shame 898; ~ things 689; ~ way 393;
everything ~ 689; nothing ~ 958; newcome guests 320
news, bad 690, 691; ill ~ 691, 692
nighest 681
night 90, 194, 312, 502, 681, 693, 694,
695
nine 829, 942; ~ lives 186
no biters 276; ~ bread 913; ~ fire 906; ~
gains 718, 965; ~ man 297, 701, 1066;
~ one 886; ~ pains 718, 965; ~ place
757; ~ pleasure 760, 761; ~ smoke 906;
~ sooner 852; ~ sweet 718, 965; ~ wisdom 894
noblest 1072
noise 1007, 1140; most ~ 1098
none 611, 706, 709, 913, 1015, 1027;
more ~ 887
nose 70
notary 162
note 118, 119
nothing 481, 488, 489, 543, 555, 623,
677, 696, 697, 718, 728, 799, 809, 815,
913, 952, 966, 988, 1052, 1092, 1107,
1177; ~ new 958; ~ worse 295; doing
~280, 450
nought 697; nought's 481
number 709
nurture 698
nut 474; nuts 201
O
oak 699; oaks 700; great ~ 514, 699, 944;
tall ~ 699
oats 718, 727, 965
obedient 649
occasion lost 1009
offering, like 853
officer 982
oft 1142; oft times 672; often 546, 894,
971; so ~ 755; too ~ 692
oil 702, 703, 754, 1054
− 300 −
Bone Veličkovski
old 18, 516, 547, 704, 708, 807, 912,
1002, 1178; ~ age 19, 807, 912; ~ beggar 1180; ~ block 207, 660; ~ cock 252
; ~ fool 373; ~ fox 323 ; ~ friends 342 ;
~ love 578 ; ~ lover 581; ~ man 16, 19,
1177; ~ mare 250, 598; ~ men 707,
839, 1036; ~ ox 714 ; ~ pot 161 ; ~ sin
898 ; ~ sow 252; ~ way 393 ; ~ wife
680 ; ~ wine 342; ~ wounds 1172; so ~
706; too ~705
omelette 474
once 521, 550, 619, 980; ~ bitten 189,
277; at ~ 956
one 495, 709, 710, 863, 921, 947, 972; ~
devil 673; ~ ear 1068; ~ eye 304; ~
eyewitness 865; ~ fault 1104; ~ flower
961; ~ hand 169, 170, 363; ~ nail 673;
~ pleasure 762; ~ poison 673; ~ stomach 943; ~ stroke 699; ~ swallow
961; ~ thing 421, 857; ~ tongue 289;
one-eyed 841; ~ man 231
oneself 753, 910
onion 9
open disgrace 789; ~ door 711; ~ doors
281; ~ enemy 295
opinion, lawyer's 513; many opinions
375, 626
opportunity 335, 711
oppression 712
other manners 1013; ~ men 625; ~ men's
623, 988, 1127; ~ other side 345, 764; ~
times 1013; others 223, 275, 753, 910,
1119
ounce 271, 638, 713
out 1114
owl 248
own 120; ~ burden 733; ~ child 722; ~
country 801; ~ dunghill 478; ~ hearth
757; ~ house 478; ~ measure 469; ~
mill 634; ~ mouth 787, 867; ~ nest 749;
~ pack 733; ~ reward 1077; ~ shadow
873; ~ shoe 885, 886; ~ throat 1026;
owner 311
ox 152, 238, 715, 716, 751; ox, old ~ 714;
oxen 1099; oxen's mouth 717
P
pace, soft 905
pack, own 733; small packages 985
pail 240, 351
pain 760, 761, 915; long ~ 762; no pains
965
painted 264
pair, weary (of heels) 368
palled wine 1136
paper 719; fool's ~ 1080
paradise 720
parcels, small 985
pardoning 721; pardons 1072
parsnips 1155
parson 722
part 49, 829; hind ~ 716; all parties 759
passion 723
past recalling 1147; danger ~ 253; river ~
253
pates, lean 104
patience 538, 724, 725, 726; patient men
726
Paul 838
paunches, fat 104
paw, cat's 201
pawn 259
pay 1164; bad paymaster 727
peace 152, 377, 682, 685, 728, 926
peacock 729
pear 730; best ~ 396; pears 200
pearls 731
peas 200
pedlar, every 732, 733
penny 283, 597, 734, 736, 737, 739, 752;
~ gained 735; ~ saved 735; ~ wise 738;
ill pennyworth 399; pence 739; two ~
752
pens 719
people 371, 479, 721, 1044, 1078; idle ~
448
pepper 740, 741
perchance 131
perfect 786; ~ love 579
performances, small 798; performing 800
perils, all 742
perjuries, lovers' 466
person, idle 446; great persons 200
Peter 838
petticoat 216, 883
petty thieves 983
philosopher 84
− 301 −
SUBJECT INDEX
physic 827; physician 743, 744, 745, 827;
physicians' faults 746
pie 809, 913
pig 747, 748, 749, 750; young ~ 252;
pig's tail 813; pigs 984
pike 369
pillow 693; soft ~ 224
pin 751
pinch 734
pine 908
pipe 824; piper 752
pippins 242
pit 753, 910
pitch 702, 754
pitcher 755, 756
pitied 296; pitiful mother 839; pity 776
place 232, 386, 1043; no ~ 757
plaster 724
play 464, 908; churls' ~ 758; hand ~ 758;
players 554
pleasantness 1072; pleasure 1074; pleasure, after ~ 760; pleasure, more ~ 763;
pleasure, no ~ 760, 761; pleasure, one ~
762; pleasure, short ~ 762; pleasures
765; stolen ~ 764, 1090
plenty 659, 740, 766, 767, 804
plough 227, 769; ploughman 769;
ploughshares 970
plum-tree 484
poison 263; another ~ 673; one ~ 673
poke 747, 750
pools, standing 770
poor 23, 125, 765, 775, 776; ~ folk 771; ~
folks 777; ~ man 771, 772, 778, 779,
804, 834; ~ man's tale 773
porridge 155, 777
portion 85
possessors 236
post 1046
pot 9, 122, 400, 475, 499, 780; earthen ~
781; old ~ 161
pottage 544
pound 271, 638, 713, 734, 736; ~ foolish
738; pounds 739
poverty 449, 483, 679, 771, 782, 783,
784, 785, 804, 903
power 292, 476, 486, 552
practice 488, 786
praise 790; man's ~ 787, 867
prayers 792
preach 83
presence 2; present 4, 1020; ~ time 763
pretence 939
prettiness 793
price, great 1076
prickles 987
pride 484, 767, 794
priest 716
prince 479; princes 1050
prison 78
prize, goodly 1103
procrastination 796, 1020
prodigal son 308, 641
proffered 750
profit 72; small ~559
promise 797; great promises 798; promising 800
prophet 801; false prophets 802
prosperity 771, 803, 804, 805
provision 808; ample ~ 807, 912
public 539
pudding 644, 809, 913; dirty puddings
279
punishment 897
purchase 1031
pure 811
purse 94, 400, 546, 646; beggar's ~ 555;
full ~ 812, 833; silk ~ 813
putting in 973
Q
quarrels 1102
question, like 814
quick 549, 1089; ~ believers 1049; ~
markets 1083; quickly 290, 348, 666,
939; ~ come, ~ go 534; ~ lost 290, 534
quietness 442, 816, 893
R
race 817
rage 818
rain 43, 819, 908; rainy day 807, 912
rats 820
raven 122, 181, 475, 821
− 302 −
Bone Veličkovski
razor 1022
ready 1108; ~ roasted 498
reason 566, 572, 818; reasons 773
recalling, past 1147
receiver 822
reckoning, even - short ~ 823
recommendation 787, 867
reconciled enemies 173
redeemed 1009
reed, every 824; reeds 700, 825
relation, nearest 340, 683
remedy 724, 826, 827, 828; desperate
remedies 270
repentance 723, 761, 830
reputed 831
rest 377, 512, 728
revenges, great 1072
reward 407; own ~ 1077
rich 14, 831, 833, 979, 1123; ~ enough
1092; ~ folk 812, 833; ~ house 808; ~
man 176, 832, 834; riches 236, 555,
675, 835, 836; great ~ 376
rider 672
rifled 674
right 481, 632, 696; ~ hand 458
ripe 730
river 80; river ~ 253; all rivers 837
road 390; roadside 164
roast meat 151; little ~ 148, 975; small ~
138; roasted larks 498; ready ~ 498
rod 839
rolling stone 945
Romans 841; Rome 60, 318, 699, 840,
841
root 580
rope 277, 842, 868, 930; long ~ 889
rose 843; fairest ~ 844; roses 1178
rotten apple 41
rough 1089; ~ bridle 414
round 651, 654, 1091
ruler, good 701
running horse 418
rust 459, 847, 902
S
sack 1152, 1160; empty ~ 848
saddle 59, 718, 965
sadness 467, 502, 849
safe 850; ~ wading 950; safely 905, 905;
safety 1049
said 852; easier ~ 851
sail 461
saint 711; like ~ 853; saints 854
salmon 935
salt 228, 341, 855
saluted 831
same 1173
satin 1001, 1012
sauce 439
saved, penny 735
saying 856, 857, 858, 1150
scab 129
scabbard 968
scabbed horse 422; ~ sheep 876
scabby daughter 839
scalded cat 189, 277; ~ dog 277
scarlet 36
scathe 710
scholar 607
science 47; much ~ 487
scolding wife 908
score 899
scorn 710
scorpion 859
scot 481
scratched face 1056; scratching 39
scrip 94
sea 582, 742, 791, 837, 861, 981; main ~
742
season 808, 862
second 318; ~ nature 251; ~ thoughts 992
secret 863
sedan 387
seed, good 864
seeing 865; seen 871; seldom ~ 890
seldom 31, 892, 1033; ~ seen 890
self-praise 787, 867
seller 172
serpent 277, 868; serpents 869
servant 144; good servants 315; many ~
870; service 1032, 1033
seven 819; ~ years 341, 431
Seville 871
shadow 872; own ~ 873
shame 267, 557, 783, 795; new ~ 898;
shamed 1058; shameful life 267
share 49; lion's ~ 542
− 303 −
SUBJECT INDEX
sharp 915; ~ wedges 994; sharper 949
shaving 75
sheep 405, 875, 879, 880, 1129, 1133,
1146; black ~ 878; lone ~ 877; scabbed
~ 876; sheep's clothing 1128
sheets 888
shepherd, good 880
ship, great 514, 881, 944; sinking ~ 820
shirt 216, 882, 883
shives, large 988
shoe 672, 886; every ~ 884; own ~ 885;
shoemaker 219; shoemaker's wife 887;
shoes 888; men's ~ 889
shooter 46; shooter's head 933
shore 80, 253
short 49, 393, 915; ~ governance 511; ~
hand 975, 1023; ~ legs 528; ~ madness
30; ~ pleasure 762; ~ reckonings 823; ~
tongue 377, 728; ~ wit 167; shortest
way 1091
shoulders, broad 1049
showen 416
shower 283, 597, 737
shut mouth 667
shy, twice 189, 277
sick 410, 745; sickness 19
side, other 345, 764; all sides 716; both ~
956
sieve 813
sight 303, 688, 890
sign 891, 975, 1023
silence 816, 892, 893, 894, 895, 925, 928,
929, 1120; silent 331, 894, 916, 925,
999
silk 36, 400; ~ purse 813
silver 400, 893, 929; ~ arms 896
sin 198, 508, 782; every ~ 897; old ~ 898
singly 454, 642
sinking ship 820
skin 54, 81, 883; lion's ~ 541
skirt 882; skirts 371
sky 498
slander 899; slanders 1072
slavery 78
sleep 900, 901
sleeve 213, 297, 383, 519
sleight 541, 631
slender diet 413
sloth 449, 902; slothful man 449, 903
slow 904; slowly 905
sluggard 448; sluggards 398, 768
smack, good 741; sweet ~ 741
small 72; ~ fish 319; ~ leak 514, 944; ~
packages 985; ~ parcels 985; ~ performances 798; ~ profit 559; ~ roast 138;
~ sorrows 916; ~ spark 924; many ~
283, 597, 737
smith's mare 887
smock 216, 883
smoke 317, 907, 908; no ~ 906
snake 247, 859, 909
snare 753, 910
so fast 1109; ~ gone 534; ~ got 534; ~
often 755; ~ old 706
soap 67
sober cats 221; soberness 911
soft answer 33; ~ pace 905; ~ pillow 224;
softly 904, 905
soldier 555; soldiers 1036
solemn voice 831
Solomon (the wise) 1103
some 809, 913; ~ sweat 718, 965; ~
things 772; something 455, 807, 809,
912, 913
son 141, 309, 914; like ~ 660; prodigal ~
308, 641
song 95
soon 102, 456, 459, 482, 973; ~ forgotten
3, 153, 890; sooner 113, 949; sooner,
no 852; soonest 388, 499
sores, all 724
sorrow 145, 487, 502, 680, 855, 915, 917,
1074; much ~ 487; great sorrows 916;
small ~ 916
soul 229, 302; great ~ 139
sound body 636; ~ mind 636; greatest ~
1073; most ~ 1073
soup 577
sour 359, 570, 964, 1100; ~ grapes 310
sow, old 252; sow's ear 813
sowing 920
space, great 856
spaniel 1137
sparing 672, 735
spark, small 924
sparrows, two 1068
− 304 −
Bone Veličkovski
speech 892, 893, 928, 929
spending 931; evil spent 453; ill ~ 453
spice 741
spigot 738
spindle 352
spirit 520, 932
spleen 1171
spoken 1151; word ~ 1147
spoonful 401
spots 297
sprat 935
spread 688
spur 418
stable-door 436, 936
staff 425, 939
stag 45
standers-by 554; standing pools 770;
higher ~ 211
starling 122, 475
stars 658
stealing 979
steed 936
steel 595, 1027
step 938; first ~ 937; greatest ~ 937; hundred steps 448
stick 217, 939; sticks 940
still 925, 941; ~ waters 1089
sting 91, 760
stitch 829, 942
stock 260
stolen 936; ~ fruit 343; ~ pleasures 764,
1090; ~ waters 343, 1090
stomach 406; one ~ 943; two stomachs
943
stone 137, 200, 282, 329, 756, 1147; ~
wall 366; ~ walls 575; every ~ 859; little ~ 514, 944; marble ~ 595; rolling ~
945; stones 370, 371, 940, 946, 990,
1044
stool 361; two stools 947
store, good 171; man's ~ 774
storm 700, 948, 949, 1118; hail ~ 662
straight fires 553; ~ furrow 714
strange bedfellows 680; stranger 960, 981
straw 284, 371, 586, 591, 981, 1001
stream 950; large streams 283
strength 1070, 1121
stricken 628
stroke, one 699; little strokes 514, 944;
many ~ 699
strong 569, 817; ~ hand 29; stronger 196,
993
sturgeon 369
substance 872
success 451, 952
sudden falls 211
suet 644
summer 325, 961
sun 297, 371, 461, 658, 746, 954, 955,
956, 957, 958, 959; morning ~ 18, 807,
912
Sunday 502, 1034
supper, before 502; supperless 88, 90
sure 896, 904; surety 960
suspected 521
swallow 325; one ~ 961
swans 345
sweat, some 718, 965
sweet 343, 439, 570, 764, 964, 1090,
1163; ~ impoverishing 163; ~ smack
741; ~ torment 565; every ~ 1100; no ~
718, 965; sweeter 140; sweetest 764;
sweetness 404
swift 817; ~ wings 639
swine 731, 966
sword 21, 416, 967, 968, 969; swords
970, 1162
T
table 125, 971
tail 64, 91, 238, 369, 1088, 1130, 1175;
ass's ~ 813; pig's ~ 813
tailor 829
taken 666, 715; taking out 973
tale, poor man's 773
talker, great 974; greatest talkers 975
tall men 627; ~ oaks 699
taste 8, 976
teacher 679, 784; best ~ 300; teaching
977
tea-cup 70
tears 765
teeth 29, 338, 1056, 1131; children's ~
310
tempest 662
ten hear-so's 865
− 305 −
SUBJECT INDEX
test 316
Thames 850
thief 93, 522, 524, 583, 674, 711, 796,
822, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 1020;
great thieves 983; little ~ 983; petty ~
983; thieving 522, 583
thin 919
thing 436, 927, 936; another ~ 421, 857;
better ~ 751; good ~ 1029, 1088; one ~
421, 857; all things 620, 726, 772, 811,
1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1079; best ~
985; good ~ 984, 985; new ~ 689; some
~ 772; three ~ 908; two ~ 1066
this year 124
thistle 62; thistles 987
thongs, large 623, 988
thorn 843; thorns 946, 989, 990, 1178
thought 991; second thoughts 992
thousand griefs 762; ~ years 1173
thread 196, 993
threatened 628
three 863; ~ days 320; ~ things 908; ~
women 1140; thrice 619
thrifty father 308
throat, own 1026
Tib 951
tied 56
timber, knotty 994
time 64, 471, 512, 665, 796, 804, 829,
942, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000,
1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006,
1007, 1007, 1008, 1010, 1011, 1012,
1020; ~ lost 1009; due ~ 448; present ~
763; times 1014; all ~ 297; oft ~ 672;
other ~ 1013
tired 415
today 972, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1167;
~ gold 1015
toll 991
Tom 951
tomorrow 796, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018,
1019, 1020, 1021, 1167; ~ dust 1015;
tomorrows 972
tongue 332, 383, 400, 715, 1025, 1026,
1027; fool's ~ 1026; honey ~ 1022; long
~ 975, 1023; one ~ 289; short ~ 377,
728; foolish tongues 1028
too high 164; ~ late 830, 936; ~ little 863;
~ low 164; ~ much 799, 863, 1029; ~
near 1056; ~ often 692; ~ old 705
tools 1168
tooth 301; aching ~ 1025; dog's ~ 428
torment, sweet 565
trade 49, 590, 1030, 1031, 1032; many
trades 1034
traitor 1038
traveller 1036; travellers 1036
treachery 1038
treason 1049
treasure 620, 1039; great ~ 816, 893;
treasures 1040
tree 40, 362, 474, 1042, 1043, 1045,
1047; loaded ~ 1044; good ~ 1041;
highest ~ 1046; trees 1144
trencher, another's 971
trouble 419, 565, 1048; troubled waters
324
trough 749
true 64, 692; ~ friend 743; ~ love 565; ~
word 1151
trust 1049, 1050
truth 206, 521, 1010, 1051, 1052, 1053,
1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059,
1060; naked 865; all truths 1061
turd 1062; many turds 1140
turn, another 1063, 1064; good ~ 261,
558, 1063; ill ~ 456
turncoat 1115
twenty 771, 804
twice 348, 619; ~ children 707; ~ shy
189, 277
twig 1065
two 863, 972, 1033; ~ bigs 1067; ~ brothers 162; ~ disputants 272; ~ ears 289; ~
eyes 289, 304; ~ hours 430; ~ masters
613; ~ pence 752; ~ sparrows 1068; ~
stomachs 943; ~ stools 947; ~ things
1066, 1150; ~ witness 162
U
unbidden guest 361
unborn 1069
uncalled guest 361
uncle 68, 80
− 306 −
Bone Veličkovski
under 859
understanding 354, 368
undone 113, 1177
unfortunate man 70
union 1070; united 1070
unkind 647
unknown water 950
unsavoury mouth 138
unsent 691
unserved guest 361
untaught 1069
unworthy 529
upright 848
used 459
V
vain 677, 688
valiant 220; ~ man 232
valued 1088
vanity 1071; vanities 1071
variant 334
varlet 36
vengeance 1072
Venus 195
vessels, empty 1073
vice 280, 782; all ~ 450
village 318
vine 1074
vinegar 401
vineyard 311
viper 247
virtue 407, 725, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1136
voice 1078; solemn ~ 831
W
wading, safe 950
wain, great 514, 944
wall 764, 899; stone ~ 366; white ~ 1080;
walls 312, 1081; stone ~ 575
wallet 81, 158, 202
walnut tree 1137
want 5, 18, 640, 672, 912
wanted 833
wanton kitten 221
war 152, 762, 1082
ware, good 1083
warm heart 364; warmer 272
wasters, great 163
watch, good 1084
water 136, 137, 268, 290, 315, 426, 436,
534, 634, 825, 890, 936, 1087, 1088,
1110; cold ~ 189, 277, 1157; dirty ~
1085; fair ~ 1086; foul ~ 1086; holy ~
265; unknown ~ 950; deep waters 881;
stolen ~ 343, 1090; troubled ~ 324
wavering 1142
wax 371
way 382, 514, 574, 703, 1107; evil ~ 494;
long ~ 543, 1159; longest ~ 1091; middle ~ 615; new ~ 393; old ~ 393; shortest ~ 1091; long ~ 1036; wayside 164
weak 165, 932; weakest 196, 993
wealth 376; greatest ~ 1092; wealthy 89
wearer shoe, own 886; weary 1097; ~ pair
(of heels) 368
weather, clear 212, 948; fair ~ 1093; foul
~ 1093; weathercock 1142
websters 680
wedge, crabbed 994; sharp wedges 994
weeds 344; foulest ~ 344; ill ~ 1094,
1095
weeping 515
welcome, never 320, 360
well 26, 27, 96, 100, 103, 255, 551, 563,
769, 923, 1095, 1096; ~ doing 1097;
well (n.) 268, 329, 755, 1088
West 386, 757
wet 43
whale 935
wheel 183; fortune's ~ 337; worst ~ 1098;
wheels 1099
whelps, blind 127
wherefore 1101
whipped 424
whirlwind 1111
white 130; ~ egg 391; ~ horse 18, 419,
807, 912; ~ wall 1080; every ~ 1100
whole 244, 745; ~ day 18, 807, 912; ~
flock 876; ~ house 829; ~ life 267
why, every 1101
wicked 792
wide ears 377, 728
wife 416, 442, 445, 587, 1104; cunning ~
1105; fair ~ 419, 1102; good ~ 1103;
scolding 908; shoemaker's ~ 887
Will 462
− 307 −
SUBJECT INDEX
will 382, 925, 941, 1107, 1108
willful man 1107
willing 932; ~ heart 382, 1107; willingly
104
wind 290, 461, 534, 933, 1109, 1110,
1111, 1142, 1161; winter ~ 1142
window 302, 785
wine 908, 1053, 1114, 1115, 1116; best ~
1113; old ~ 342; palled ~ 1136
wings 328, 690, 691, 836, 1006, 1117,
1147; swift ~ 639
winning 473
winter 1118; ~ wind 1142
wisdom 218, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1141; no
~ 894; wise 14, 89, 232, 297, 331, 436,
708, 869, 936, 1103, 1123, 1124, 1125,
1126, 1127, 1148, 1154, 1172; ~ head
1122; ~ man 701, 712, 1148; ~ men
329, 1126, 1127; penny ~ 738; wisely
894, 925
wit 1114; little ~ 368, 372; short ~ 167
withered 844
without, fair 305
witness, two 162
woe 25, 496; woeful 437
wolf 338, 405, 438, 875, 877, 978, 1128,
1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134
woman 15, 437, 586, 716, 1137; bad ~
1135; fair ~ 1136; woman's mind 1142;
women 180, 908, 1138, 1139, 1141,
1142, 1143; many ~ 1140; three ~ 1140
won again 1009
wonder 871; wonders 1011
wood 81, 742, 1144; like ~ 1145; woods
312, 438, 1081
wool 66, 1146; little ~ 148, 975
word 10, 119, 856, 1147, 1148, 1149,
1150; spoken ~ 1147; half a ~ 1148;
true ~1151; words 262, 715, 940, 1147,
1161, 1162; fair ~ 1152, 1153, 1158;
few ~ 1148; fine ~ 1155; good ~ 543,
1152, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1160; hard ~
940; kind ~ 543, 1159; many ~ 1059,
1140, 1158, 1160, 1160
work 293, 593, 1163, 1164, 1166, 1169;
light ~ 365; much ~ 368; workman
1166, 1169; bad ~ 1168
world 337, 593, 612, 654, 1170
worm 121, 1171
worse 71, 276, 374, 555, 581, 826, 1062,
1135, 1135; nothing ~ 295; worst 778;
~ hog 396; ~ wheel 1098
worship 742
worth 78, 111, 114, 513, 586, 713, 734,
1088; gowd's ~ 757; more ~ 972; worthy 491
wound, ill 676; wounds 742; old ~ 1172
wrapped up 985
wrath 33, 955
wreck 612
writings 1161; written 595
wrong 4, 272; ~ laws 511
wroth 499
Y
year 208, 706; last ~ 124; this ~ 124;
years 1174; hundred ~ 1173; seven ~
341; thousand ~ 1173
yeomary 1175
yesterday 1176
young 18, 516, 704, 807, 912, 1178; ~
courtier 1180; ~ man 1177; ~ pig 252
yours 1179; yourself 875, 977
youth 516, 1182, 1183; diligent ~ 1181;
eident ~ 1181; idle ~ 1178, 1180
IZVORI I KRATENKI / SOURCES AND ABBREVIATIONS
Anastas Tahovski, Gr~ko-makedonski paraleli I-II, "Makedonski jazik",
Skopje, 1956, kn. 1, 2, str. 41-72, 174-193.
Augusto Arthaber, Dizionario comparato di proverbi e modi proverbiali italiani,
latini, francesi, spagnoli, tedeschi, inglesi e greci antichi con relativi indici
sistematico-alfabetici, Ulrico Hoepli, Milano, 1981.
B.V. - Bone Velickovski, Collection of proverbs and sayings, Archives of the Institute of Folklore, Skopje, 2001.
Biblija (Sveto pismo): Stariot i Noviot zavet. Prevod: D-r/D-r Du{an
H. Konstantinov. Bitola: Euroliber, 1999.
Biblija. Stari i Novi zavjet. Zagreb: Kršćanska sadašnjost, 1974.
Cep. = Marko K. Cepenkov, Makedonski narodni umotvorbi : vo deset
knigi / red. Kiril Penu{liski; [glaven urednik] Blaè Ristovski
; [odgovoren urednik] Tome Sazdov; jazi~en urednik Todor Dimitrovski. - Skopje : "Makedonska kniga" ; Institut za folklor,
1972. Kn. VIII. - Poslovici, pogovorki, gatanki, kletvi, blagoslovi. (5032 poslovici).
Council of Europe Le Conseil d'Europe, Proverbs, Sayings.
English-Romanian Dictionary of Equivalent Proverbs. © Teodor Flonta, 1995. First
edition 1992, published by Teopa, Bucharest. Second edition 1995. ISBN 1
875943 00 5. Published by arrangement with Teopa, Bucharest.
Jerzy Gluski, “Proverbs, A Comparative Book of English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish and Russian Proverbs with a Latin Appendix”, 1971.
Kav. = Filip Kavaev, Narodni poslovici i gatanki od Struga i
Stru{ko, sobral i priredil Filip Kavaev, Skopje, Filozofski
fakultet, Institut za makedonski jazik, 1961.
La Sainte Bible. Traduite sur les textes originaux hebreu et grec. Nouvelle édition
d'après la traduction de Louis Segond. London: Trinitarian Bible Society,
1970.
MNP = Makedonski narodni poslovici, sobral Apostol Pop Jovanovski, Skopje, Studentski zbor, 1991. (4.098 poslovici).
MNU = "Makedonski narodni umotvorbi", tom IV, kniga 1, Poslovici,
vo redakcija na Haralampie Polenakovi} i Kiril Penu{liski,
Skopje, Knigoizdatelstvo "Ko~o Racin", 1954. (6979 poslovici).
Nedeq. - Du{an Nedeqkovi¢, Osnovne etografsko-etolo{ke karakteristike skopskog narodnog ìvota, "Glasnik Skopskog nau~nog
dru{tva", 1925, kw. I, sv. I, str. 177-204. (Vkupno: 282 poslovici).
Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, 3rd ed. By F. P. Wilson, 1970.
P. D. = Petko Domazetovski, Apostol Pop - Jovanovski: "Zrno po zrno
poga~a, kamen po kamen - palata": Makedonski narodni poslovici
i pogovorki. Sobrale i priredile Petko Domazetovski i Apostol
Pop - Jovanovski. Jablanica: "Vi{arica", 2002.
− 310 −
Rosalind Fergusson, The Penguin Dictionary of Proverbs, 1983.
Slovarw anglijskih poslovic i frazeologi=eskih vyra-enij. Sostavitelw A. A.
Hazan. Smolensk: Rusi=, 2001.
Sveto pismo na Stariot i Noviot zavet, so blagoslov na Svetiot Arhijerejski sinod na Makedonskata Pravoslavna Crkva, Svindon,
Britansko inostrano Biblisko dru{tvo, vo sorabotka so Makedonska kniga, Skopje, 1991.
The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ with Psalms and Proverbs.
1973. London: The Gideons International. Poslovici i izreki na str.
574-614.
Thomev, Jim, Small Tales, Great Wisdom: Macedonian Sayings and Fables: Exercises in the Art of Astonishment, Black on White Publication, Queenscliff,
Victoria, Australia, 1999.
Yurtba{x, Metin, A Dictionary of Turkish Proverbs (More then 5,000 Turkish proverbs with their translations, explanations and equivalents in English, arranged
into 172 categories, 172 illustrations, Turkish and English indexes), Turkish
Daily News, Ankara, 1993.
Yurtba{x, Metin, Turkish Proverbs and their equivalents in fifteen languages (3,500
Turkish proverbs, 35,000 world proverbs, 172 categories, 172 illustrations,
Index). Introduction by Steven E. Hegaard, Préface par Prof. Jean-Paul Roux,
Einleitung von Prof. Wilfried Buch. Instanbul: Metin Yurtba{x, 1996.
SODR@INA/CONTENTS
str.
DEL I/PART I
Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli / MacedonianEnglish parallels of equivalent proverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki . . . . . . . . . . .
Indeks na klu~nite zborovi i pokarakteristi~nite termini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
7
35
151
D E L II / P A R T II
English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs / Angliskomakedonski poslovi~ni paraleli. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Dictionary of English and Macedonian equivalent proverbs . . . . .
Subject index of the most commonly used key words and proverbial
expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Izvori i kratenki / Sources and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sodrìna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
181
201
287
309
311
За издавачот:
Д-р Сeвим Пиличкова, директор
Рецензенти:
Д-р Сeвим Пиличкова, научен советник
Д-р Ермис Лафазановски, виш научен соработник
Секретар:
Д-р Кокан Грчев
Техничко уредување, графичко и ликовно обликување:
Горан Шукулоски
Печат:
„БороГрафика“ - Скопје
Тираж: 500 примероци
CIP - Каталогизација во публикација
Народна и универзитетска библиотека „Св. Климент Охридски“, Скопје
398.9(=163.3) : (=111)
398.9(=111) : (=163.3)
ВЕЛИЧКОВСКИ, Боне
Македонско-англиски и англиско-македонски пословични паралели / Боне
Величковски. - Скопје : Институт за фолклор „Марко Цепенков“, 2002. - 311
стр.; 22 см. - (Посебни изданија / Институт за фолклор „Марко Цепенков“ ;
кн. 49)
На наспор. насл. стр.: Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian parallels of
equivalent proverbs / Bone Veličkovski. - Фусноти кон воведот. Библиографија: стр. 309-310.
ISBN 9989-642-01-Х, (ед.)
ISBN 9989-642-46-Х, (кн. 49)
а) Македонски народни поговорки - Англиски народни поговорки Компаративни анализи б) Англиски народни поговорки - Македонски
народни поговорки - Компаративни анализи
COBISS.MK-ID 0
Изданието е финансирано со средства од Министерството за
Образование и наука на Република Македонија
Институт за фолклор „Марко Цепенов“
Скопје
9989-642-01-Х, едиција
9989-642-46-Х, книга 49

Македонско-Англиски и Англиско

Transcription

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