MALAYSIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION COMMISSION SURUHANJAYA

Transcription

MALAYSIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION COMMISSION
SURUHANJAYA PENCEGAHAN RASUAH MALAYSIA
MALAYSIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION
COMMISSION ACT 2009
CODE OF CONDUCT
[ RESPONSIBILITIES
And
ACCOUNTIBILITIES ]
By
JAMALUDIN BIN HJ.BAKAR
SENIOR ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER
COMMUNITY EDUCATION DIVISION
H/P No.019-9623400
E-mail: [email protected]
This presentation is divided into
the following parts:• Corruption
: General Discussion and Definition
: Offences and Penalties
: Legal Obligation
: Reporting Acts of Corruption
: Protection of Informers
: Effects of Corruption
• Conduct of Responsibilty and Accountibility
• Conduct of Integrity
Objectives
On completion of this presentation, participants
will have a better understanding of :-
1. The legislation on corruption
2. The various acts and omission which
constitute a corrupt act punishable
by the law and
3. The important statutory role that
staffs of an organization/company
have to play to eradicate the practice
of corruption in their organization
which will contribute towards nation
building
Part 1: Definition of corruption
Definition
In general:Arabic word – Al-risywah
Kamus Dewan – Pemberian Menumbuk Rusuk
P.G. Osborne in A Concise Law Dictionary
- giving or offering any reward to any person
to influence his conduct.
Joseph J. Senthuria in Encyclopedia Of The
Social Sciences
– the misuse of public power for private profit
Definition of corruption
•
Corruption is generally understood to be
the giving or offering of any reward to
any person in power to influence his
conduct so that
he can abuse his
power and act in favouring the giver.
•
Corruptibility is the latent willingness to
accept self-enrichment to the detriment
of the community.
•
Corruption signals the failure of
leadership, as personal ambitions and
political
objectives
are
unlawfully
interlinked.
Definition of corruption
GREED
+
OPPORTUNITY
TRANSPARENCY
=
CORRUPTION
Rumusan Hasil Kajian SPRM
MEREKA YANG MENGAMALKAN RASUAH
BUKAN KERANA TIDAK CUKUP GAJI ATAU
PENDAPATAN.
BUKAN
MEREKA
KERANA
MELAKUKAN
KELAPARAN
ATAU
SERBA KEKURANGAN TETAPI MEREKA
MELAKUKANNYA KERANA RASA TAMAK
HALOBA, SENTIASA INGIN HIDUP LEBIH
MEWAH,
TIDAK
BERTANGGUNGJAWAB
DAN MENGKHIANATI AMANAH.
VERSI 1.0
Monopoly + Discretion
Accountability
Integrity
= Corruption
Robert
Klitgaard
Gratification
(a) money, donation, gift, loan, fee, reward,
valuable security, property or interest in
property
being
property
of
any
description
whether
movable
or
immovable, or any similar advantage;
(b) any office, dignity, employment, contract
of employment or services and any
agreement to give employment or render
services in any capacity;
(c) any payment, release, discharge or
liquidation of any loan, obligation or
other liability, whether in whole or in part;
Gratification means
(d) any valuable consideration of any kind, any
discount,
commission,
rebate,
bonus,
dedication or percentage;
(e) any forbearance to demand any
money’s worth or valuable thing;
money or
(f) Any other service or favour of any description,
including protection from any penalty or
disability incurred or apprehended or from any
action or proceeding of a disciplinary, civil or
criminal nature, whether or not already
instituted, and including the exercise or the
forbearance from the exercise of any right or
any official power or duty
(g) Any offer, undertaking or promise, whether
conditional
or
unconditional,
of
any
gratification within the meaning of any of the
preceding paragraphs ( a ) to ( f ).
Now what is gratification.
is not restricted
to money alone. It can
MALAYSIANGratification
ANTI-CORRUPTION
COMMISSION
be anything that
can gratifies the
receiver whichRASUAH
would include
sexual favours
SURUHANJAYA
PENCEGAHAN
MALAYSIA
or anything which is money or monies worth.
CORRUPT TERMINOLOGIES
[ COMMON TERMS ]
1.
LET’S SETTLE
2.
COFFEE MONEY
3.
KAO TIM
4.
UNDER COUNTER PAYMENT/MONEY
5.
MISUSED OF POWER
6.
GREASE
TYPES OF GRATIFICATION
1. GIFTS
2. MONIES
3. SERVICES
4. AIR TICKET
5. POST
6. CONTRACT
7. LOAN
8. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTION
Part 2: Offences and Penalties
Section 16
Corruption Offences :
• Any person who by himself, or by in
conjuction with any other person -
1.Soliciting /Receiving Bribe
2.Offering/ Giving Bribe
a. Corruptly solicits, receives, or agrees to
receive for himself or for any other person;
or
3.False Claims
4.Abuse of Office / Position
b. Corruptly gives, promise or offers to any
person for the benefit of that person or
another, any gratification, as an inducement
to or reward for any person or any public
official doing or forbearing to do anything, is
guilty of an offence under the Act.
Part 2: Offences and Penalties
A is in charge of the
procument department in a local
municipal and the local municipal had
been purchasing a substantial amount
of materials from a few suppliers.
A asked for a certain sum of
money from supplier B so that B will be
favored over the others to supply most
of the materials to the local municipal.
B then pays the amount demanded by
A to secure the majority of the contract
supplies.
In this case, A is guilty of an
offence for either corruptly soliciting or
receiving the corrupt payment. B on the
other hand is guilty of corruptly giving to A.
Offences committed:A - soliciting and receiving bribe
- taker
B - giving bribe to A
- giver
Example 1
Offences
A
Procurement
Officer
is
managing a competitive tender
between sub-contractors. One of
the sub-contractors offers a free
holiday to the Procurement
Officer if the Procurement Officer
were to award the contract to the
Sub-Contractor
The Procurement Officer was
found to have awarded the
contract to the Sub-Contractor.
What are the possible corrupt offences
being committed in this case ?
Offences committed:Procurement Officer : ?
Sub-Contractor : ?
Can this happen in department ?
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU’RE
THE DIRECTOR ?
Example 2
Offences
Company Z has been a
supplier and contractor of
several projects awarded by
MBKK.
One of the MBKK Officer
requested that Company A
sponsor his golfing trip to
Medan together with YOU and
a few other contractors.
Offences committed:MBKK Officer : ?
You : ?
WHAT WOULD YOU DO ?
Examples 3
Offences
Company Z has been a supplier
and contractor of several projects
awarded by a Municipal Council
[ MBKK ]
On and off, there are MBKK staffs
approaching the management of
Company Z asking for bribes or
“ something in return “ or “ for helps
done “. You came to know that the
management of Company Z has
succumbed to these demands.
Offences committed:MBKK Staffs : ?
Your staff : ?
Can this happen in your department ?
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU’RE
THE DIRECTOR ?
Examples 4
Example 5 - Section 18: Offence of intending to deceive principal by agent
On the 2nd April 2010, Aboo, a supplier of office equipments obtained a contract to supply 3000
office equipments to Syarikat Mawar. The equipments are to be sent to the various company’s branches
throughout Malaysia by the 30th July 2010
The total contract price was worth about RM 600,000. Ah Tee is the Procurement Officer of
Syarikat Mawar while Rajoo is its Accountant. In early June 2010, Aboo started supplying the office
equipments. To enable him to get more profit, Aboo in collaboration with Ah Tee short-supply the office
equipments. 500 of those equipments were not supplied. On the 30th July 2010, Aboo then submitted his
invoice to Ah Tee in which he certified that he had supplied all of the 3000 office equipments. Ah Tee then
certified that he had received the 3000 office equipments when in actual fact he knows that 500 of those
equipments had not been supplied. He then submitted the invoice to Rajoo for payment. Rajoo acting on Ah
Tee’s certification, approved the payment of RM 600,000 to Aboo.
In the above case, although there is no evidence of any corrupt payment received by Ah Tee
from Aboo, nonetheless Ah Tee could be charged for using the invoice which contains false
particulars with intent to deceive his principal. Aboo could also be charged for abetting Ah Tee or
charge for the principal offence of giving the invoice which contains false particulars to Ah Tee.
Section 23 – Offence of using
office or position for gratification
• Under
this section, any
public
officer who uses
his office or
position for any gratification, whether
for himself, his relative or associate,
commits an offence.
Offences
Company A is said to have given a
contract for a job from MBKK and upon
instruction from one of the Tender
Board Committee, sub-contract the job
to a Company B belonging to one of
the Tender Board Committee wife to
carry out the job.
WHAT DO YOU
SITUATION ?
THINK
OF
THIS
MBKK opened a tender to all its approved
contractors. However, MBKK awarded the
contract to a contractor who quoted the
second lowest price and justified that the
award was based on the contractor’s good
track record.
WHAT DO YOU
SITUATION ?
THINK
OF
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU’RE THE
DIRECTOR ?
Example 6
THIS
Offences
Company A is said to be a proxy of
one of the Tender Board Members.
Company A has been awarded a
number of contracts by the Board
presided by the Board members.
Your relative is one of the Tender
Board Member. You seek his help
and advice in obtaining some of the
tendered
contracts
for
your
contractor friend ?
WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THIS
SITUATION ?
WHAT DO YOU
SITUATION ?
THINK
OF
WHAT WOULD YOU DO ?
Example 7
THIS
Section 24 - Penalty
Any person who is found guilty of any
offence under section 16,17,18,20,21,22
and 23 shall be liable to:
Palace of Justice Putrajaya
• Imprisonment for a term of not exceeding
twenty [ 20 ] years; and
• a fine of not less than 5 times the sum or
value of the false or erroneous or
defective material particular or of a
pecuniary nature or ten thousand ringgit,
whichever is higher.
Offences and Penalties
Section 33 : Seizure of movable property
Section 37 : Seizure of movable property in
bank
Section 38 : Seizure of immovable property
Section 40 : Forfeiture of property upon
prosecution for an offence
Section 41 : Forfeiture of property where
there is no prosecution for an
offence
Part 3: Legal Obligation
Section 25 – DUTY TO REPORT BRIBERY
• Section 25 ( 1 ) of the Act makes it
mandatory on every person to whom
a gratification has been given, promised
or offered, in contravention of any
provision of this Act shall report such
gift, promise or offer to report
such
acts to the nearest officer of the
Commission or to any police officer.
Failure to do is clearly an offence and
if found guilty the offender could be
fined not exceeding RM100,000 or to
imprisonment of ten years or both.
Part 3: Legal obligation
Section 25.
• Section 25 ( 3 ) of the Act makes it
mandatory on every person to whom a
gratification has been solicited or obtained
or an attempt to obtain such gratification
in contravention of the Act, shall at the
earliest opportunity to report
such acts
of soliciting or obtaining or attempt to
obtain to the nearest officer of the
Agency or to any police officer. Failure
to do is clearly an offence and if found
guilty the offender could be fined not
exceeding RM10,000 or to imprisonment
for a term not exceeding two years or to
both.
Duty & Legal Obligation
After the job had been awarded to
Contractor A, the Contractor gave a
Rolex watch to the Head of Contracts
of PBT as a token of appreciation.
SITUATION ?
Usually during festive seasons, it has been
a culture that companies send out
hampers to the government department as
a token appreciation for the services
rendered.
WHAT DO YOU
SITUATION ?
THINK
OF
WHAT SHOULD YOU DO ?
Example 8
THIS
6/17/2014
35
Duty & Legal Obligation
A few of public sector staffs
requested to carry out the job that a
company
contracted
from
government agencies ?
SITUATION ?
You came to know that a few public
sector staffs have
be carrying out
illegal jobs [ certain job relating to
government contract jobs but not in
their official capacity ].
WHAT DO YOU
SITUATION ?
THINK
OF
Example 9
THIS
Part 4: Reporting acts of corruption
How to lodge your complaints /
reports
• Go to the nearest MACC office
• Contact MACC at 03-88867000 or toll free line
1-800-88-6000
• Contact any MACC officer
Jamaludin B. Hj. Bakar - H/P: 019-9623400
[email protected]
• Write to MACC office and send to P.O Box
6000 in any state [ no stamps required ]
• Use the MACC website / e-mail :
MACC website : www.sprm.gov.my
E-mail: [email protected]
VERSI 1.0
COMPLETE INFORMATION
Provide information with the following
details:
• Date, time and place of incident.
• The people involved in the incident or
transaction.
• Witnesses who know about or saw the
incident.
• Relevant documents.
• Amount of money/gifts/services or other
matters involved.
• Other details like account number, receipt,
identity card number, car license plate,
house address, office address or identity
of the person involved.
Part 5: Protection to the informers and contents of
information
Section 65(1) and (2)
• The Act gives statutory protection to
such
informers
against
disclosure
whether as to his identity or to the type of
information given.
- The identity of the person who gives
information to MACC officers is protected
and cannot be disclosed or ordered to be
disclosed in any court. Any part to the
information pertaining to the identity of
the
informer
shall
be obliterated,
concealed or kept secret.
Protection to the informers and contents of information…cont
• MACC Act 2009 gives protection
including disclosing matters which
categorized under Official Secrets
Act
• A person is not liable to any
prosecution or claim under any
written law because of his act of
disclosing
information
or
any
document on the direction of MACC
officer.
MALACCA – An engineer charged for
accepting bribe of RM 7,000.00 from
Mohd. Shamsur bin Kamis as a favor
to help Mohd Shamsur to obtain a
contract
of
work
for
the
contractor.
Section 17(a) of the MACC Act 2009
IMMIGRATION OFFICERS CHARGED
APA YANG MENJIJIK
YANG ANDA MAKAN
Creator Comments:
46
INGAT !!!
DARAH KOTOR
HASIL DARI
SUMBER YANG
HARAM AKAN
TERUS
MENGALIR
DALAM ZURIAT
47
SAJALAH
Ops Balak
49
)
AKAUNTABILITI (KEBERTANGGUNGJAWABAN
Definisi Kamus Dewan:
Bertanggungjawab kepada atau terhadap sesuatu tindakan dan
perbuatan
Bertanggungjawab,
menerima
tanggungjawab
bagi
setiap
keputusan iaitu keputusan yang dijangkakan di atas perbuatan
yang telah diambil dan sedang dilaksanakan serta menjadi contoh
kepada orang lain. Ibubapa, guru, pekerja, profesional dan
penjawat awam mempunyai kewajipan menjadi contoh bagi
menjaga keselamatan, meningkatkan integriti dan reputasi
keluarga, syarikat, profesion dan kerajaan.
Perangai kakitangan awam curi tulang
TERINGIN sangat hati penulis hendak bersarapan nasi kerabu. Pilihan terbaik ialah kedai Kak Mah Nasi Dagang, Sungai Merab di pintu
belakang Putrajaya yang terletak berhampiran dengan rumah di Bangi. Seperti biasa pengunjungnya ramai, setiap meja dipenuhi pelanggan
termasuk pegawai dan kakitangan kerajaan berdasarkan jaket 'korporat' yang dipakai dan tag nama yang jelas terpapar nama-nama agensi
atau kementerian masing-masing.
Jam hampir menginjak ke pukul 10 pagi, mereka masih lagi rancak berborak, sambil menghirup teh tarik yang sudah sejuk dan sesekali
menyedut asap rokok. Sesuatu yang pasti mereka ini sudah berada di kedai ini seawal pukul 9 pagi.
Apabila penulis bergerak untuk membayar kira-kira pukul 9.50 pagi, langsung tidak kelihatan mereka akan bangun dan kembali ke pejabat
masing-masing.
Soalannya, tidak bekerjakah mereka atau sudah siap semua kerja yang diamanahkan? Berapa jam sebenarnya mereka ini bekerja dalam
sehari, jika ditolak masa terbuang semasa bersarapan dan makan tengah hari.
Adilkah perbuatan ini? Mereka mendapat gaji yang sudah semestinya daripada duit rakyat, berbanding dengan kakitangan lain yang tekun
bekerja seperti guru yang memulakan tugas seawal 7.30 pagi dan akan habis pada sebelah petang jika tidak ditambah dengan aktiviti
kokurikulum atau kerja-kerja perkeranian.
Selain itu, saban tahun, Kongres Kesatuan Pekerja-Pekerja Dalam Perkhidmatan Awam (Cuepacs) akan berjuang untuk meminta bonus dan
kenaikan gaji. Malah Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak juga berkali-kali mendambakan perkhidmatan terbaik kelas pertama
daripada penjawat awam.
Tetapi pada masa sama masih terdapat segelintir yang seolah-olah sekadar menumpang dan mengambil kesempatan daripada nikmat yang
dilimpahkan kerajaan. Oleh itu, jangan hanya kerana segelintir atau kerana nila setitik akan menyebabkan seluruh sektor awam dipandang
serong.
Beberapa tahun lepas, masih segar diingatan penulis teguran Menteri Besar Negeri Sembilan, Datuk Seri Mohamad Hassan terhadap segelintir
penjawat awam yang sanggup memandu hingga ke Nilai atau Port Dickson dari Seremban hanya semata-mata untuk bersarapan atas alasan
makanan di tempat berkenaan lebih lazat.
Apa salahnya sesekali pihak-pihak berkuasa dalam sektor awam ini turun padang dan membuat kunjungan 'hormat' ke restoran-restoran yang
mempunyai rating tinggi bagi melihat sendiri perangai anak-anak buah mereka.
Kerja iaitu mencari rezeki halal adalah ibadah yang akan diperhitungkan soal dosa pahala di akhirat. Dalam mengerjakan ibadah tiada istilah
jalan pintas semuanya wajib dilakukan mengikut turutan atau rukun.
Berkatkah rezeki yang diperoleh jika jalan pintas diamalkan? Bagaimana hukumnya pendapatan yang dituai pada hujung bulan itu diberi
makan kepada anak-anak dan untuk saraan keluarga?
Malah pada padang mahsyar nanti, segala perbuatan kita akan dihisab dan dipertontonkan kepada umum, mulut akan terkatup rapat, anggota
badan pula yang akan mengambil peranan menjelaskan setiap apa yang dilakukan oleh tuan punya badan, walaupun sekecil zarah sekalipun.
Timbang-timbangkanlah
hidup di dunia hanya sementara
sebelum meneruskan perjalanan
abadi ke akhirat MALAYSIA
SURUHANJAYA
PENCEGAHAN
RASUAH
sumber : utusan online
Utusan
INTEGRITY
•
Adherence to moral principles,
honesty
•
Wholeness
•
The quality of being unimpaired;
•
Soundness
- Collin English Dictionary Third Edition 1994
BRIBERY A WAY OF LIFE IN MALAYSIA
SURVEY: BRIBERY
A WAY OF LIFE
IN MALAYSIA
“Malaysia
Transparency’s
Perception Survey
2007 which found
that problems of
integrity and
transparency were
acute and serious”.
It’s a matter of addiction and
a bad habit more than an act
of desperation.
“If
people
have
this
perception that corruption
is serious, it’s possible
that
they
may
be
practicing it as well”.
SURVEY: BRIBERY
A WAY OF LIFE
IN MALAYSIA
Bribery is such a longstanding problem that
most
Malaysians
acknowledge and accept
it as part of life.
It
is
rampant,
but
corruption only happens
if the public partakes in
it. After all, it takes two
hands to clap.
 One of the problems affecting the integrity of
the public sector is corruption. Generally the
private sector is seen as the “giver” while
public officials the “receiver”. However both
forms of corruption – giving and receiving –
also take place in the public and private sector.
 Efforts at curbing corruption in the public
sector are still inadequate. Various cases and
malpractices involving both foreign and local
companies have time and again demonstrated
the need to uphold good governance.
 At the same time, other crimes such as
corporate fraud have tarnished the credibility
and integrity of the private sector among the
investor and the public.
 For this reason, it is essential to enhance the
integrity of both sector.
Enhancing Ethics and Integrity in the Public Sector
 The problems mentioned underscore one key
point, i.e the importance of adopting good
governance and management practices in
every sphere of the sector.
 It also shows the importance of monitoring and
enforcement by IIM and MACC in order to
promote integrity and sustain economic
prosperity.
 Factors affecting Integrity: Individual Weaknesses
 Leadership
 Systems and Procedures
 Structure and Institution
 Culture
LEADERSHIP ROLE
SURVEY DONE ON 2,600 TOP
MANAGEMENT OF CORPORATE
BODIES :-
THE LEADERSHIP
CHALLENGE
by James Kouzes And
Barry Posner
CHARATERISTIC OF A LEADER
•
•
•
•
HONEST 83%
COMPETENT 67%
FORWARD LOOKING 62%
INSPIRING 58%
LEADERSHIP ROLE
Survey sponsored by The American
Management
Association
on
1,500
Respondents regarding “ VALUES LOOK
FORWARD IN YOUR SUPERIOR ”
by James Kouzes & Barry Posner
Most frequent responses in order of mention
are as follows:
* INTEGRITY
* COMPETENCE
* LEADERSHIP
PUBLIC SECTOR
1.
Integrity of many public sector agencies is tainted

Based on public perception of the 31 surveyed agencies:


Overall mean score 2.92

(Note: 1 = low probability, 5 = high probability of
being involved in corruption)
None scored below 2 points on probability scale

Agencies which should be high in terms of
integrity such as LUTH & ACA had a score of 2.0
& 2.72 respectively
Five TOP AGENCIES
perceived as
most involved in
corruption
Royal Malaysian Customs Department (3.90)
Royal Malaysian Police (3.90)
Road Transport Department (3.89)
[ mean score of 3.6
& above ]
Immigration Department (3.81)
Agencies involved in issuing licences (3.62)
SEVEN had a score of 3.5 - 3.0
 City Hall/Municipal Councils [ 3.43 ]
 Enforcement Division Ministry of
Consumer Affairs [ 3.42 ]
 District/Land Office [ 3.40 ]
 Public Works Department [ 3.29 ]
 Cooperative (3.28)
 Registrar of Companies (3.20)
 PUSPAKOM ( 3.15 )
Private Sector
TOP FIVE agencies in private sector
perceived most involved in bribe-giving:
Construction companies (3.25)
Supplier companies (3.16)
Import & export companies (3.11)
Driving schools (3.09)
Entertainment & recreation outlets (3.07)
Occupations of bribe-takers as
experienced
by
14.9%
of
respondents who had been asked to
give bribes
Police - 76.3%
RTD officers – 4.6%
Other Enforcement officers (City
Hall / Municipal) – 7.0%
Other government officers – 6.3%
Others (intermediaries) – 5.9%
MONEY MONEY MONEY
Money can buy you bed but not sleep.
Money can buy you books but not knowledge.
Money can buy you food but not appetite.
Money can buy you clothes but not beauty.
Money can buy you house but not home.
Money can buy medicine but not health.
Money can buy you luxuries but not happiness.
When money is lost, not everything is lost.
But and Please Remember that
When character is lost then everything is lost
CONCLUSION
Many officials and staffs from the government sector had fallen
on the wayside because of mismanagement and corruption.
Their corrupt acts brought untold hardship and uncertainty to the
future growth and development of our nation. It is thus
imperative that members of all sector especially the government
sector helped the MACC in its duty to eradicate the menace. We
don’t condone corruption neither do we tolerated the corrupt
acts.
REmEMbER
We don’t condone corruption
Neither do we tolerated corrupt acts.
WE CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE
FIGHT CORRUPTION
So act at once!
REPORT CORRUPTION
Q&A
Thank you

MALAYSIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION COMMISSION SURUHANJAYA

Transcription

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