Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. - Gujarat Pollution Control Board

Transcription

Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.
Draft Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report
Proposed Project of Manufacturing of Speciality
Chemicals
Location at: Survey No. 382, Village: Neja, Taluka: Khambhat, Dist.:
Anand, Gujarat
January, 2013
Prepared By:
Ramans Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd.
SF –23 & 24, Camps Corner, Near AUDA Garden, Prahaladnagar
Ahmedabad 380 015 Phone: 079-26937472. Fax: 079-40064440
E-mail: [email protected]
(Format of first inside page for EIA reports mentioning the names of the experts involved)
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA Report Of
Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that
developed the above EIA.
EIA Coordinator:
Mr. Samir C. Choksi.
Name :
Signature & Date :
Period of involvement :
March 2012 to December 2012
Contact information:
Ramans Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd.
SF-23 & 24, Camps Corner – I,
Nr. AUDA Garden, Prahaladnagar,
Ahmedabad -15 , GUJARAT.
E-mail : [email protected]
[email protected]
M. No.: 98240 34495
Functional Area Experts:
S.
Functional
Name of the
No.
Areas
expert/s
1
Mr. Samir C.
Choksi
&
Ms. Prakruti
Shah
AP*
2
WP*
Mr. Samir C.
Choksi
&
Ms. Prakruti
Shah
Involvement
(Period & Task**)
Period of involvement : March 2012 to
December 2012
 Baseline data collection/survey (March
2012 to May 2012) including planning of
sampling network
and sampling
parameters
 Compilation of data/survey in the EIA
report
 Identification & verification of activities
involved in and sources which impart air
pollutants from proposed manufacturing
capacity including project site visit.
 Identification of impacts related to air
quality and suggestions for mitigation
measures as a part of Environment
management plan
 Framing of Environmental monitoring
programme
December 2012
 Planning of sampling network for Water
quality monitoring including site visit
report
3
Mr. Samir Choksi
SHW*
4
Mr. Ajay Mishra.
& Ms.
Priyadarshini
SE*
5
Mr. Avinash B.
Vora
EB*
6
LU*
7
Mr. Vinay Kumar
& Mr. Sanket
Patel.
Mr. Vinay Kumar
NV*
 Identification & verification of activities
involved in and sources which impart water
pollution from proposed manufacturing
capacity
 Identification of impacts related to water
quantity & quality suggestions for
mitigation
measures as a part of
Environment management plan
 Framing of Environmental monitoring
programme
December 2012
 Identification & categorization of sources
which
imparts
generation
of
hazardous/solid waste from proposed
manufacturing capacity
 Identification of impacts related to
solid/hazardous waste and suggestions
for mitigation
measures as a part of
Environment management plan
Period of involvement : May 2012 to
December 2012
 Socio-economic survey of the study area
including household survey as well as
Focused Group Discussion with villagers
(May 2012 & December 2012)
 Delineation of CSR for upliftment of
community of study area
Period of involvement : May 2012 to
September 2012
 Reconnaissance survey for primary data
collections for flora and fauna in study
area
 Impact
assessment
on
ecological
environment and delineation of mitigative
measures
Period of involvement : October 2012 to
December 2012
 Preparation of draft landuse map based
on available satellite imagery
 Ground truth survey for verification of
landuse map prepared
 Finalization of landuse map
Period of involvement : May 2012
 Baseline data collection/survey
report
 Identification
of
noise
generating
activities and suggested mitigative
measures
Krupa A. Oza &
Mr. Sanket Patel. Decmber 2012
 Compilation of secondary data for
AQ*
meteorological conditions
 Modelling study based on various input
parameters and plotting of GLC
9
Mr. Nirzar Lakhia Period of involvement : May 2012 to
December 2012
HG*
 Assessment of ground water quality data
generated

Collection of secondary data for
10
hydrology of the study area
 Collection of secondary data for geology
of the study area
GEO*
 Prepared geological map of the study
area based on data interpretation
 Impact assessment for geo-hydrological
attribute
11
Mr. Gopal Shah
Period of involvement : November to
December 2012
 Compilation of input data for Risk
assessment study
RH*
 Risk
assessment
study
report
preparation
including
consequence
analysis
 Delineation of Safety aspects and
Disaster management plan
12
Mr. B. S. Lole
Period of involvement : July 2012
SC*
 Interpretation of baseline data of soil
analysis
13
Mr. Bhavin
Mudiya
December 2012
 Baseline data collection for Ambient air
quality monitoring
Team
 Compilation and assessment of project
member
details received from client
 Assisting FAE for Geo-hydrology survey
work
 Report writing and compilation
**Please attach additional sheet if required
8
EIA STUDY REPORT FOR MANUFACTURING OF SPECIALITY CHEMICALS BY TRION CHEMICALS PVT.
LTD., S. No. 382, VILLAGE : NEJA, TA. : KHAMBHAT, DIST. ANAD:, GUJARAT
SR. NO.
TITLE
I
II
III
IV
IV
V
CONTENTS
LIST OF ANNEXURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
COPY OF TOR ISSUED FROM MOEF
COMPLIANCE OF ADDITIONAL TOR
PAGE NO.
I - IV
IV
V-VI
VII
VII-XI
XII-XVIII
CONTENTS
SR. NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the report
The Project Proponent
Brief Description of the Project
Justification of the Project
Scope of Study
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.7
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Type of the Project
Location of the Project
The Project
2.3.1
Landuse breakup within plant area
2.3.2
Product profile
2.3.3
Resource requirement
2.3.3.1
Raw material requirement
2.3.3.2
Energy requirement
2.3.3.3
Water requirement
2.3.4
Manufacturing Process
2.3.5
Major Equipments
Sources of Pollution
2.4.1
Liquid Effluent
2.4.2
Gaseous Emissions
2.4.3
Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation
Green Belt Development Plan
Rain Water Harvesting
Environment, Health & Safety
2.1
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.11
2.15
2.16
2.16
2.21
2.22
2.22
2.23
2.23
3.0
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
2.4
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.2.1
3.3.1
3.3.1.1
Introduction
Micrometeorology of the area
Wind rose
Air Environment
Ambient Air Quality
Location of AAQ Monitoring Stations
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.4
CONSULTANT :
RAMANS ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., Ahmedabad
I
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
3.3.1.2
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
3.7.4
3.9.1
3.9.2
3.10.1
3.10.2
3.10.3
Baseline Data
Water Environment
Noise
Soil
Baseline data
Physical Characteristics
Chemical Characteristics
Land-use pattern
Methodology
Land use Map Analysis
Digital Image Classification and Maps
Wild life Sanctuary, National Park
occupancy in the study area
Geology and Geomorphology of Study Area
Ecology
Introduction
Study Area
Socio-economic Environment
Introduction
Impact Area
Road Map to Development
3.6
3.8
3.13
3.13
3.13
3.14
3.14
3.17
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.22
3.25
3.28
3.28
3.28
3.45
3.45
3.46
3.54
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION
MEASURES
Introduction
4.1
Identification of impacts
4.2
Identification of Environmental Attributes
4.2
Impact Identification Matrix
4.3
Impact Assessment
4.4
4.5.1
Impact on Water Environment
4.5
4.5.1.1
Water Quantity
4.5
4.5.1.2
Water Quality
4.5
4.5.2
Impact on Air Environment
4.7
4.5.2.1
Air pollution dispersion modeling of stack
4.8
emissions
4.5.3
Impact on Noise Environment
4.25
4.5.4
Impact on Land / Soil quality
4.26
4.5.5
Impact on Biological Environment
4.27
4.5.6
Impact on Socio-economic Environment
4.27
4.5.7
Impact on Occupational Health & Safety
4.27
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
Objective
Environment Monitoring & Control
Proposed Monitoring Program
Monitoring Methods & Data Analysis
5.4.1
Air Quality Monitoring
5.4.2
Noise Monitoring
5.4.3
Wastewater Quality monitoring
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
CONSULTANT :
II
5.5
5.6
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
5.4.4
Data Analysis
Reporting schedules of the monitoring data
Infrastructural Requirement
RISK ASSESSMENT
Introduction
Product Profile
6.2.1
Raw Material Requirement
Glossary and Terms used in Risk
Assessment
Scope of the Study
Hazard Identification
6.5.1
Chemicals to be Handled
6.5.2
Specific safeguard for storage & handling of
Hazardous Chemical
6.5.3
General safeguard during Handling of
Hazardous Chemicals
6.5.4
Worst Case Scenario
Risk Mitigation
6.6.1
General precautions during the project and
operational stages
6.6.2
General Precautions during Storage
6.6.3
Various engineering methods for mitigation
of Hazards
6.6.4
Management Measures
6.6.4.1
Facilities and Resources
6.6.4.2
Management Policies, Plans & Procedures
6.6.4.3
Training
6.6.4.4
Maintenance
6.6.5
Fire Fighting Measures
Occupational Health & Safety Management
Disaster Management Plan
6.8.1
Introduction
6.8.2
Main Component of Emergency Plan
6.8.3
Key Personnel and Their Responsibility
6.8.4
Communication System
6.8.4.1
Declaring the Major Emergency
6.8.4.2
Communication Of Emergency
6.8.5
Evacuation & Transportation
6.8.6
Safe Plant Shut - Down
6.8.7
Accounting for Personnel
6.8.8
Public Relation
6.8.9
Emergency Services
6.8.10
Post Emergency Activities
7.0
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.0
8.1
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
Introduction
5.4
5.5
5.5
6.1
6.2
6.2
6.3
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.13
6.15
6.16
6.19
6.19
6.19
6.20
6.21
6.21
6.22
6.22
6.22
6.22
6.23
6.24
6.24
6.25
6.25
6.28
6.28
6.29
6.30
6.30
6.31
6.31
6.32
6.32
7.1 – 7.2
8.1
CONSULTANT :
III
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.4.3
8.4.4
8.4.5
Administrative aspects for EMP
Operational philosophy
Environment Management Cell
Corporate Environmental Responsibility
Environmental Management Practices
Water environment
Air environment
Land / Soil quality
Noise environment
Occupational Health & Safety
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.7
8.8
8.8
9.0
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
9.1 – 9.11
10.0
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
ENGAGED
10.1 – 10.3
LIST OF ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE
NO.
A
B
DESCRIPTION
Map showing the distance of Critically / severely polluted area
from site
Material Safety Data Sheet
CONSULTANT :
IV
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
2.1
Physical Environmental Setting in vicinity of the Site
2.2
2.2
List of Industries in Nearby Region
2.2
2.3
Land use breakup of the Site
2.3
2.4
Product Profile
2.7
2.5
Raw Material Consumption
2.8
2.6
Storage Inventory of Hazardous Chemicals
2.8
2.7
Energy Requirement
2.8
2.8
Details of Water Usages
2.9
2.9
Major Equipments
2.15
2.10
Details of Effluent Generation
2.16
2.11
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant
2.17
2.12
Details of Mechanical Vapor Compressor
2.18
2.13
Details of Air Pollution Control Systems
2.21
2.14
Details of Solid / Hazardous Waste
2.22
3.1
Micrometeorological Data
3.2
3.2
Sampling Locations
3.4
3.3
Ambient Air Quality Status of Study Area
3.6
3.4
Water Quality Parameters (Ground water sources)
3.9
3.5
Water Quality Parameters (Surface water Source)
3.11
3.6
Noise Level Data
3.13
3.7
Particle Size Distribution of Soil samples
3.15
3.8
Physical Characteristics
3.15
3.9
Chemical Characteristics
3.16
3.10
Land use statistics of the Study area
3.20
3.11
Total Number of Plant Species
3.30
3.12
Species – Fauna and Avifauna
3.42
3.13
Sources and accessibility to drinking water
3.48
3.14
Access to public healthcare services
3.49
4.1
4.2
Impact Identification Matrix
Impact Evaluation Matrix
4.3
4.4
CONSULTANT :
V
4.3
Resultant Concentration Value
4.10
4.4
24 hr incremental increase in GLC of SO2 (µg/m3) for
4.12
the proposed project
4.5
24 hr incremental increase in GLC of NOx (µg/m3) for
4.14
proposed project
4.6
24 hr incremental increase in GLC of PM (µg/m3) for
4.16
proposed project
4.7
24 hr incremental increase in GLC of Chlorine
4.18
(µg/m3) for proposed project
5.1
Environment Monitoring Schedule
5.2
6.1
Product Profile
6.2
6.2
Raw Material Consumption
6.2
6.3
Storage Inventory of Hazardous Chemicals
6.3
CONSULTANT :
VI
FIGURE
NO.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
TITLE
LIST OF FIGURES
Location Map
Location Map Showing 7 Km Radius
Layout
Water Balance Diagram
Mass balance diagram of Tricholor Isocynurate
Mass balance diagram of Sodium Dichloro
PAGE NO.
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.10
2.12
2.14
Isocynurate Dihydrate
2.7
Line diagram of Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant
2.19
2.8
Line Diagram of Mechanical Vapor Compressor
2.20
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.3
Wind rose Diagram for the month of March 2012 to
May 2012
Sampling Location Map
Satellite Image
3.5
3.23
3.4
Land use map
3.24
3.5
Land use Distribution chart of the Study Area
3.21
3.6
Map showing Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park
occupancy in state of Gujarat
Geology Map of Study area
Isopleths for Concentration of SO2 due to emission
from stacks for proposed scenario
Isopleths for Concentration of NOx due to emission
3.22
3.7
4.1
4.2
3.27
4.20
4.21
4.3
Isopleths for Concentration of PM due to emission
4.22
4.4
Isopleths for Concentration of Chlorine due to
emission from stacks for proposed scenario
4.23
CONSULTANT :
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
COMPLIANCE OF ADDITIONAL TOR AWARDED BY MOEF
Compliance statement of TOR awarded by EAC – Industrial Projects vide letter
no. F. No. J-11011/143/2012-IA.II(I) dated 31st December, 2012
TOR NO.
DESCRIPTION OF TOR
COMPLIANCE
1
Executive summary of the project
Refer Chapter 9
2
Justification of the project
Refer Para 1.4, Chapter 1, Page no.
1.2
3
Project location and plant layout

For project location, refer Para
2.2, Chapter 2, Page no. 2.1&
Figure no. 2.1, Page no. 2.3

For plant lay out, refer Para 2.3.1,
Chapter 2, Page no. 2.2 & Figure
no. 2.3, Page no. 2.5
4
Promoters and their back ground
1.1
5
Regulatory framework
1.1
6
A map indicating location of the project For project location, refer Figure no.
and distance from severely polluted area
2.1, Chapter 2, Page no. 2.4,
For the map showing distance of the
project location with respect to
severely
polluted
area,
refer
Annexure A.
7
Infrastructure facilities including power Refer Para 2.3.3.2, Chapter 2, Page
sources
no. 2.8
8
Total cost of the project alongwith total 
capital cost and recurring cost/annum for
environmental pollution control measures.

For total cost of project, refer Para
2.1, Chapter 2, Page no. 2.1
For capital cost and recurring cost
for environmental pollution control
measures, refer Para 8.2.1,
Chapter 8, Page no. 8.2
XII
9
10
Project site location alongwith site map of
10 km area and site details providing
various
industries, surface water bodies, forests
etc.
Present land use based on satellite
imagery for the study area of 10 km
radius
Refer Table no. 2.1 & 2.2, Chapter 2,
Page no. 2.2 for details and Figure no.
Refer para 3.7, Chapter 3, Page no.
3.17 to 3.24 for landuse pattern
details
11
Location of National Park/Wild life There is no national park / wild life
sanctuary/Reserve Forest within 10 km sanctuary / reserve forest within 10
radius of the project.
km radius of the project site.
12
Details of the total land and break-up of Refer para 2.3.1, Chapter 2, Page no.
the land use for green belt and other uses 2.3
13
List of products along with the production Refer para 2.3.2, Table no. 2.4,
capacities
14
Detailed list of raw material required and
source,
mode
of
storage
and
transportation
Manufacturing process details along with
the chemical reactions and process flow
chart
Site-specific micro-meteorological data
using temperature, relative humidity,
hourly wind
speed and direction and rainfall is
necessary
Ambient air quality monitoring at 6
locations within the study area of 5 km.,
aerial
coverage from project site as per
NAAQES notified on 16th September,
2009. Location
of one AAQMS in downwind direction.
One
season
site-specific
micrometeorological data using temperature,
relative humidity, hourly wind speed and
direction and rainfall and AAQ data
(except monsoon) for PM10, SO2, NOx
including HC and VOCs should be
collected. The monitoring stations should
15
16
17
18
Refer para 2.3.3.1, Table no. 2.5 &
Refer para 2.3.4, Figure no. 2.5 & 2.6,
Chapter 2, Page no. 2.11 to 2.14
Refer para 3.2, Table no. 3.1, Figure
no. 3.1, Chapter 3, Page no. 3.1 to 3.3
Refer para 3.3.1.2, Table no. 3.2,
Chapter 3, Page no. 3.6 & 3.7
Refer para 3.2 & 3.3.1.2, Chapter 3,
Page no. 3.1 to 3.7
XIII
19
20
21
take into account the pre-dominant wind
direction, population zone and sensitive
receptors including reserved forests. Data
for water and noise monitoring should
also be
included.
Air pollution control measures proposed
for the effective control of gaseous
emissions
within permissible limits.
Name of all the solvents to be used in the
process and details of solvent recovery
system.
Design details of ETP, incinerator, if any
along with control of Dioxin & Furan,
boiler,
scrubbers/bag filters etc
Refer para 2.4.2, Table no. 2.13,
No solvent is being used for proposed
manufacturing facility.
For
details
of
wastewater
management system, para 2.4.1,
Table no. 2.11 & 2.12, Figure no. 2.7,
22
Details of water and air pollution and its
mitigation plan
Refer para 4.5.1 & 4.5.2, Chapter 4,
Page no. 4.5 to 4.24
23
Action plan to control ambient air quality
as per NAAQES Standards notified by the
Ministry on 16th September, 2009
An action plan to control and monitor
secondary fugitive emissions from all the
sources.
Determination of atmospheric inversion
level at the project site and assessment of
ground level concentration of pollutants
from the stack emission based on sitespecific
meteorological features. Air quality
modelling for proposed plant.
Permission for the drawl of 300 m3/day
water from the CGWA. Water balance
chart
including quantity of effluent generated
recycled and reused and discharged
24
25
26
Refer para 2.4.2, Chapter 2, Page no.
2.20
Refer para 4.5.2.1, Chapter 2, Page
no. 4.8 to 4.23, Table no.4.3 to 4.7 ,
Figure no. 4.1 to 4.4

Refer para 2.3.3.3, Chapter 2,
Page no. 2.9 for water withdrwal
details.

Refer Figure no. 2.4, Chapter 2,
Page no. 2.10 for water balance
diagram

Chapter 2, Page no. 2.16 for
XIV
details of effluent generation and
recycled / reused.
27
28
29
30
31
32
Action plan for ‘Zero’ discharge of effluent 
should be included.
Chapter 2, Page no. 2.16 for
details of effluent generation and
recycled / reused.

There will be only discharge of
domestic wastewater.
Ground water quality monitoring minimum 
at 6 locations should be carried out.
Geological features and Geo-hydrological
status of the study area and ecological

status
(Terrestrial and Aquatic).
Refer para 3.4, Table no. 3.4,
Chapter 3, Page no. 3.9 & 3.10 for
Ground water quality data.

Refer para 3.9, Chapter 3, Page
no. 3.28 to 3.45 for Ecology data.
The details of solid and hazardous wastes
generation, storage, utilization and
disposal
particularly related to the hazardous
waste calorific value of hazardous waste
and
detailed characteristic of the hazardous
waste.
Action plan for the management of fly ash
generated from boiler should be included.
Tieup
or
agreement
with
brick
manufacturer to be provided.
Precautions to be taken during storage
and
transportation
of
hazardous
chemicals
should be clearly mentioned and
incorporated
A copy of the Memorandum of
Understanding signed with cement
manufacturers
indicating clearly that they will utilized all
the organic solid waste generated.
Refer para 3.8, Figure no. 3.7,
for Geology details.
In absence of use of coal as fuel, not
applicable
Refer para 6.5.2, Chapter 6, Page no.
6.13
No organic solid waste is to be
generated
from
proposed
manufacturing unit.
XV
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
A
copy
of
‘Memorandum
of
Understanding’ (MoU) signed with coal
supplier for imported
coal and brick manufacturers for
management of fly ash.
Authorization/Membership
for
the
disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and
solid/hazardous
waste in TSDF, if any.
Risk assessment for storage for
chemicals/solvents.
Material safety data sheet of chemicals to
be submitted.
An action plan to develop green belt in 33
% area
Action plan for rainwater harvesting
measures at plant site should be included
to harvest rainwater from the roof tops
and storm water drains to recharge the
ground water
Details
of
occupational
health
programme.
i) To which chemicals, workers are
exposed directly or indirectly.
ii) Whether these chemicals are within
Threshold
Limit
Values
(TLV)/
Permissible
Exposure Levels as per ACGIH
recommendation.
iii) What measures company have taken
to keep these chemicals within PEL/TLV.
iv) How the workers are evaluated
concerning their exposure to chemicals
during preplacement and periodical
medical monitoring.
v) What are onsite and offsite emergency
plan during chemical disaster.
vi) Liver function tests (LFT) during preplacement and periodical examination.
vii) Details of occupational health
surveillance programme.
Socio-economic development activities
should be in place.
In absence of use of coal as fuel, not
applicable
Membership of TSDF site will be
obtained prior to commencement of
the project.
Refer Chapter 6
Refer Annexure B.
2.21 & 2.22
Refer Chapter 6
XVI
3.47
41
42
43
44
45
46
Note
on
compliance
to
the
recommendations mentioned in the
CREP guidelines.
Detailed Environment management Plan
(EMP) with specific reference to details of
air
pollution control system, water &
wastewater management, monitoring
frequency,
responsibility
and
time
bound
implementation
plan for
mitigation
measure should be
provided.
EMP should include the concept of wasteminimization, recycle / reuse / recover
techniques, Energy conservation, and
natural resource conservation.
Corporate Environmental Responsibility
(a) Does the company have a well laid
down Environment Policy approved by its
Board of Directors? If so, it may be
detailed in the EIA report.
(b) Does the Environmental Policy
prescribe
for
standard
operating
process/procedures
to bring into focus any infringement /
deviation / violation of the environmental
or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may
be detailed in the EIA report
What is the hierarchical system or
Administrative order of the company to
deal with the environmental issues and
for ensuring compliance with the EC
conditions? Details of this system may be
given.
Does the company have a system of
reporting of non compliance / violations of
environmental norms to the Board of
Directors of the company and / or
shareholders or stakeholders at large?
This reporting mechanism should be
In absence of any CREP guideline for
chemical industry, not applicable
Refer Chapter 8 for EMP and Chapter
5 for Env. Monitoring Programme.
Refer Chapter 8
8.4
8.4
8.4
XVII
detailed in the EIA report.
47
Any litigation pending against the project
and/or any direction/order passed by any
Court of Law against the project, if so,
details thereof.
48
Public hearing to be conducted and
issues raised and commitments made by
the project
proponent on the same should be
included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of
tabular
chart with financial budget for complying
with the commitments made.
49
A tabular chart with index for point wise
compliance of above TORs.
The following general points shall be noted:
i.
All documents shall be properly indexed,
page numbered.
ii.
Period/date of data collection shall be
clearly indicated.
iii.
Authenticated English translation of all
material provided in Regional languages.
iv.
The letter/application for EC shall quote
the MOEF file No. and also attach a copy
of
the letter.
v.
The copy of the letter received from the
Ministry shall be also attached as an
annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report.
vi.
The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the
Ministry must incorporate the issues in
this
letter. The index of the final EIA-EMP
report must indicate the specific chapter
and
page no. of the EIA-EMP Report.
vii.
Certificate of Accreditation issued by the
QCI to the environmental consultant shall
be included.
Being a proposed unit, no litigation is
pending against the project.
Will be complied with.
Submitted herewith.
Being complied with.
XVIII
CHAPTER 1
EIA STUDY REPORT FOR MANUFACTURING OF SPECIALITY CHEMICALS BY TRION
CHEMICALS PVT. LTD., S. No. 382, VILLAGE : NEJA, TA. : KHAMBHAT, DIST. ANAD:, GUJARAT
1.1
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. intends to set up manufacturing plant for
speciality chemicals at Village : Neja, Ta : Khambhat, Dist. : Anand,
Gujarat.
The proposed product establishment falls under the Item 5 (f) of Schedule
I of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14/09/2006
under the provisions of Environmental Protection Act, 1986. The location
of the proposed project not being within the any notified industrial estate;
it will be treated as Category A project.
As per the Notification, for Category A Project, it is necessary to obtain
Environmental
Clearance
Certificate
(ECC)
from
the
Ministry
of
Environment & Forest (MOE&F), GOI, New Delhi. As a procedural part it is
necessary to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study as per
ToR approved by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of MOE &F.
The unit had applied to EAC in prescribed Form -1 for obtaining
Environmental Clearance and were called for the scoping meeting on
25/09/2012. Based on the application submitted and discussion held during
the scoping meeting, TOR was issued by EAC vide letter no. F. No. J11011/143/2012-IA.II(I) dated 31st December, 2012. The copy of TOR
awarded by EAC with its compliance status is the part of the report.
1.2
THE PROJECT PROPONENT
Mr. Rajesh Shah, a chemical engineer from DDIT, had given his services as
consultant to various Dye and Dye-Intermediate industries and he
specializes in manufacturing of liquid dyes for paper industry. Later on in
association with Mr. Soumit K. Shah they have ventured into international
trading of chemicals. Soumit Shah is a chemical engineer who has worked
EIA CONSULTANT :
RAMANS ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., ahmedabad
at Reliance Industries Ltd. on PTA plant and later joined family owned
chemical trading business and has since worked for the exponential
growth of their business. Now he is looking after international trading
network of chemical business in countries like Hong-Kong, South Africa &
U.S.A.
Naishad Desai is an international management post graduate with vast
experience in international trading and import of instruments and
machinery with Japan, Korea and China. His acute admistrative skills,
financial planning, accounting, international trading and trouble-shooting
of managerial problems he also gives services as a trainer to LIC,
Corporate, Jaycees and many other NGO’s.
1.3
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The unit will manufacture speciality chemicals namely Tri Chloro
Isocyanurate and Sodium Dichloro Isocyanurate Dihydrate @ 1400MT/M
cumulative capacity.
The proposed project will be established in @ 33200 sq.m. area. For the
proposed project power requirement will be @ 800 KW which will be
sourced from Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. Total water requirement
for the said project will be @ 300 KLD including processing and utilities
requirement. Coal will be utilized as fuel for Thermic fluid heater and Hot Air
Generator. The estimated cost of the said project is @ Rs. 18 Crores, out of
which Rs. 5 Crores will be toward Environment management system
installation.
1.4
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
The Isocyanurates based Chlorine chemicals are one of the most prevalent
swimming pool chemicals world-wide. Though its use is more prevalent in
the Western Region, these products have found their application in India
and Asian countries also. Compared to the conventional Chlorine
EIA CONSULTANT :
1.2
products like the Chlorine gas itself or Bleaching Powder, these products
are expensive, but at the same time, more stable.
The use of these products is growing rapidly. Also, USA is a very big market
for these products and hence there is a big export potential. AT the same
time, with the levying of Anti-Dumping duty on the Chinese products in
USA, the Indian manufacturing activity will be of immense importance and
has a huge potential.
1.5
SCOPE OF STUDY
Present study has been conducted to fulfill the following objectives
alongwith compliance to proposed TOR and additional TOR awarded by
EAC :

To delineate the project activities along with anticipated
sources of pollution as well as Environmental Management
System (EMS) to be adopted.

To describe the prevailing baseline environmental quality
within the impact zone (study area) based on one season field
studies.

To identify and predict the likely impacts due to establishment
of proposed manufacturing facility.

To outline EMP describing control technologies to be adopted
for mitigation of adverse impacts.

To describe the measures to be adopted for occupational
health and safety of the workers as well as carry out Risk
assessment for the hazards associated with the proposed
project activities.
EIA CONSULTANT :
1.3
CHAPTER 2
2.1
CHAPTER -2
PROJECT DETAILS
2.1
TYPE OF THE PROJECT
The speciality chemicals used in water treatment plant & swimming pool
are in demand in global market. To fulfill the demand of the chemicals in
global market, M/s Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. has intended to establish the
unit for the manufacturing of speciality chemicals.
The unit intends to engage itself in manufacturing of synthetic organic
speciality chemicals for the water treatment facilities and swimming pools
in commitment to world class standards.
The cost for the proposed manufacturing plant will be @ Rs. 18 Crores,
which includes cost of land, building and machineries.
2.2
LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
The proposed project is coming up at, Village Neja, District Khambhat,
Gujarat State. The co-ordinate of the site is 22°20'48.03"N & 72°35'47.76"E.
For the proposed project the land bearing S. No. 382, has been acquired
by Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. The location map is attached as Figure No. 2.1.
The site location is @ 3 Km distance away from Khambhat.
The selection of the site has been done based on following:
 Availability of the adequate land
 Suitability
of
the
land
from
topographical
and
geological
considerations
 Minimum haulage distance for transportation of finished goods for
export.
The details of physical environmental setting in the vicinity of the project
site have been given at Table no. 2.1 and location map covering 7 Km
radius is given at Figure no. 2.2. The list of industries in nearby region is
mentioned in Table no. 2.2.
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.2
TABLE NO. 2.1 PHYSICAL ENVIROMENTAL SETTING IN VICINITY OF THE SITE
Sr. No.
1
Particulars
Latitude and Longitude of the site
Description
Distance from Site
22°20'48.03"N
--
72°35'47.76"E
2
Nearest village
3
Nearby Water body
4
National Highway
Neja
1.5 Km
Neja Pond
1.5 Km
SH – 6
@ 3 KM away
from the site
5
Heritage Site
--
Not within radius
6
National park / Wild life sanctuary /
--
of 7 Km from site.
Reserved forest
(Source: RESPL)
TABLE NO. 2.2 LIST OF INDUSTRIES IN NEARBY REGION
Sr. No.
Name of Unit
1
Shital Chemicals Industries
2
Cambay Organics Pvt. Ltd.
3
Gujarat Halogen Petrochem Corporation
4
Gujarat Industrial Chemical Co. Pvt. Ltd.
5
Vipson Chemical Industries
6
Unit Dye Chem Pvt. Ltd.
7
S. M. Industries
8
Technical Organics Pvt. Ltd.
9
Tulsi Intermediates Pvt. Ltd.
10
Savita Intermediates Pvt. Ltd.
(Source: RESPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.3
2.3
THE PROJECT
2.3.1 Landuse Breakup within Plant Area
Land area acquired by M/s. Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. for the proposed
project is @ 33200 sq.m., layout map of the same is shown at Figure no. 2.3.
The details of landuse break up are given at Table no. 2.3.
TABLE NO. 2.3 LAND USE BREAKUP OF THE SITE
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
Particulars
Land area
(sq.m.)
Plant facilities
Storage Area
(Raw materials & Finished
goods)
Administrative & other
buildings
Utilities
ETP area
HW storage area
Open Area & Roads
Green Belt / space
4
5
6
7
8
TOTAL
(Source: RESPL)
% of Total
Area
1500
2000
4.5
6.0
500
1.5
1500
1250
4.5
3.8
16450
10000
33200
49.7
30.0
100.00
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.4
EIA STUDY REPORT FOR MANUFACTURING OF SPECIALITY CHEMICALS BY TRION CHEMICALS PVT. LTD., S. No. 382, VILLAGE : NEJA, TA. :
KHAMBHAT, DIST. ANAD:, GUJARAT
Figure 2.1: Location Map
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.5
Figure 2.2: Location map Covering 7 Km radius
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.6
Gardening
Parking
Admin
Building
Gardening
Open Area
Canteen
Finished
Goods Store
TCCA Plant
Chlorine
Yard
Scrubbing
Area
SDIC Plant
Raw
Material
Storage Area
ETP & Haz.
Waste
Storage Area
Chiller &
Tanks
Figure 2.3: Layout of the unit
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.7
The plant layout shown at Figure no. 2.3 is prepared considering
environmental and safety aspects. The unit will approach the factory
department as well as explosive department for the approval of plant /
factory building and final plant layout will be as per approval. The layout is
being planned considering the need of plant machineries, separate
storage requirements for different chemicals, administration and parking
requirement, prevailing wind direction, nearby infrastructure facilities,
requirement of approachable peripheral road for excavation and
emergency purpose of vehicular movement etc.
2.3.2 Product Profile
Details of products to be manufactured and by product to be generated
along with its quantification are presented at Table no. 2.4.
TABLE NO. 2.4 PRODUCT PROFILE
Sr.
No.
Name of Product
Production Capacity
(MT/M)
Product
1
Trichloro Isocynurate (TCCA)
2
Sodium Dichloro Isocynaurate Dihydrate
(SDIC)
1000
400
By Product
1
Sodium Chloride (Salt)
300
(Source : TCPL)
2.3.3 Resource Requirement
2.3.3.1 Raw Material Requirement
The list of raw material required along with its monthly requirement is given
at Table no. 2.5. It will be purchased from the local market. The details
regarding storage of major hazardous chemicals are given at Table no.
2.6.
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.8
TABLE NO. 2.5 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
SR. NO.
RAW MATERIAL
1
Caustic Lye (35%)
2
Chlorine
3
Cyanuric Acid
4
Soda Ash
(Source: TCPL)
QTY (MT/Month)
2250
1550
1050
50
TABLE NO. 2.6 STORAGE INVENTORY OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
Sr.
No.
Name of
Hazardous
Chemicals
1
2
Chlorine
Cyanuric
Acid
3
Caustic Lye
(35%)
(Source: TCPL)
Maximum
Storage
Quantity
Physical
State
Storage
200 MT
500 MT
State of
Operation
Temperature
& Pressure
Ambient
Ambient
Gaseous
Solid
Cylinders
Bags
400 MT
Ambient
Liquid
Storage
Tanks
2.3.3.2 Energy Requirement
The power requirement @ 800 KW will be satisfied by Madhya Gujarat Vij
Company Ltd. (MGVCL). It is also proposed to install Diesel based 2 nos of
D.G. set of @ 100KVA, which will be operated in case of emergency during
power failure. During the operation of D.G. set (@100 KVA), diesel will be
consumed @ 20 L/hour each.
The energy requirement in terms of power and fuel for proposed project is
presented at Table no. 2.7.
TABLE NO. 2.7 ENERGY REQUIREMENT
Sr.
No.
1
Particulars
Quantity
Fuel requirement : Natural Gas for Thermic Fluid
Heater and Hot Air Generator
2
Power requirement
3
Diesel for D.G. set (2 Nos.) 100 KVA (for
emergency)
(Source: TCPL)
120 SCM / Hour
800 KW
20 L/hour each
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.9
2.3.3.3 Water Requirement
The water requirement for the proposed project will be for process, utility
(Boiler & Cooling), washing and domestic purpose. At the time of
commencement, the initial fresh water requirement will be @ 240 KLD.
While after commencement of the production fresh water requirement of
43 KLD will be satisfied through bore well and balance 197 KLD will be
satisfied through recovered water. As learnt, the location of the proposed
unit falls under Semi-critical zone (<100 KLD withdrawl permitted) on basis
of availability of water.
However, as a part of TOR compliance, an
application for withdrawal of Ground Water is being submitted to Central
Ground Water Authority. The pattern of water usage is given at Table no.
2.8.
The water balance diagram for proposed project has been shown at
Figure no. 2.4.
Table No. 2.8 Details of Water Uses
Sr. No.
Source
A
Domestic
B
Industrial
1
Process
2
Quantity (m3/day)
Fresh Recycled Ultimate
5.0
0.0
5.0
33.0
117.0
150.0
Cooling Make up
0.0
10.0
10.0
3
Washing
0.0
6.5
6.5
4
Scrubbing Water
0.0
3.5
3.5
5
Gardening
5.0
60.0
65.0
43.0
197
240
TOTAL
(Source: RESPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.10
Water
Requirement
240
Fresh Water
43
Recycled Water
197
Domestic
5
Process
33 + 117
Gardening
5 + 60.0
Utility
13.5
Washing
6.5
Cooling
10.0
To Soak
Pit
4.0
8
Evaporation
Losses
12
Scrubbing
3.5
3.5
To MVC
266
248
6.5
Concentrate
(Sodium Chloride Salt)
57
Condensate
for Reuse
197
Figure 2.4: Water Balance Diagram
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.11
2.3.4 Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process has been described in the section below along
with chemical reactions, whereas process flow diagram has been given at
Figure no. 2.5 & Figure no. 2.6 respectively. The major product profile is as
under:
A. Trichloro Isocyanurate (TCCA)
B. Sodium Dichloro Isocynurate Dihydrate (SDIC Hydrate)
A. Manufacturing Process of TCCA:
1. Water, cyanuric acid, 35% NaOH to be added in accordance with a
certain proportion of in the reactor. The dissolved mass is to be
filtered through neutch filter.
2. The mass is to be sent for chlorination where in chilling water is to be
circulated to maintain temperature at 5 ºC.
3. The materials released by the reactor pumping directly into the
sealed filter, the filter cake are to be washed with water. Salt of
sodium chloride solution will be generated after filtration.
4. Wet cake having water content 8-12 % is taken for the air drying.
5. Air dried mass is to be sent for granulation and packing.
A1. Chemical Reactions:
1) Salt of Cynuric Acid
C3H3N3O3 + 3NaOH  C3N3O3Na3 + 3H2O
2) Chlorination
C3N3O3Na3 + 3Cl2  C3N3O3Cl3 + 2NaCl
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.12
Cyanuric Acid (600)
Caustic Lye 35% (1336)
Reactor
Water (1600)
3535
Clarification
Process
Waste (1)
3535
Chlorine (1000)
CW in
5
Chlorination
CW Out
Scrubber
4535
Filtration
3308
1222
Sodium Chloride
Solution (By-product)
(4108)
800
Water
(2400)
Washing
2400
To ETP
1600
Recycled water to first
step reaction
1222
Hot Air
Flash Drying
1002
Granulation
220
Scrubber
2
Bag
Filter
1000
Finished Product
Figure 2.5: Mass Balance Diagram of Trichloro Isocyanurate
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.13
B. Manufacturing Process of SDIC Hydrate:
1. Water, Cyanuric Acid and 35% NaOH are to be mixed in definite
proportion in a Reactor, after total addition and stirring it is to be
filtered and stored for next step.
2. The Sodium Salt solution and Chlorine gas are to be fed into
Chlorinator in decided flow rate and Discharge valve is also adjusted
in balance proportion to achieve required chlorination Standard.
3. The discharged chlorinated mass is to be neutralized with Soda ash
and filtered through sealed filter and the cake to be washed by
water and then to be sent for drying.
4. Dried SDIC is to be granulated and then to be sent for packing.
B1. Chemical Reactions:
1) Salt of Cynuric Acid
C3H3N3O3 + 2NaOH  C3HN3O3Na2 + 2H2O
2) Chlorination
C3HN3O3Na2 + 2Cl2  C3HN3O3Cl2 + 2NaCl
3) Neutralization
C3HN3O3Cl2 + Na2CO3  C3N3O3Cl2Na + CO2 + NaOH
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.14
Cyanuric Acid (730)
Caustic Lye 35% (1459)
Reactor
Water (2200)
4388
Clarification
Process
Waste (1)
4388
Chlorine (650)
CW in
8
Chlorination
CW Out
Scrubber
5030
Filtration
4410
620
Sodium Chloride
Solution (By-product)
(5210)
800
Water
(3000)
Washing
3000
To ETP
2200
Recycled water to first
step reaction
620
Soda Ash (500)
Blending
1120
Hot Air
Flash Drying
120
Scrubber
2
1000
Granulation
Bag
Filter
1000
Finished Product
Figure 2.6: Mass Balance Diagram of Sodium Dichloro Isocyanurate Dihydrate
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.15
2.3.5 Major Equipments
The list of major equipments/machinery required for the proposed
production is given at Table no. 2.9.
Table No 2.9 Major Equipments
Sr. No.
Name of Equipment
Nos.
Capacity
1
Caustic Lye Storage Tank
2
200 KL each
2
Trisodium salt Reactor
2
10 KL
3
Chlorine Connector System
--
--
4
Caustic Lye Pump
2
--
5
Water Pumps
2
--
6
Cynuaric Addition System
1
--
7
Trisodium Salt Pump (For TCCA Product)
2
--
8
Pre Cooler (For TCCA Product)
2
--
9
Chlorination Reactor (For TCCA Product)
4
5.0 KL
10
Vacuum Filtration System (For TCCA Product)
2
--
11
Flash Dryer (For TCCA Product)
2
1000 Kg/hr
12
Hot Air Generator
1
400000 Kcal/hr
13
Granulator (For TCCA Product)
2
1000 Kg/hr
14
Chilling Plant
1
50 TFR
15
Cooling Tower
1
100 TFR
16
Disodium Reactor (For SDIC Product)
2
7 KL
17
Disodium Salt Pump (For SDIC Product)
2
--
18
Pre Cooler (For SDIC Product)
1
--
19
Chlorination Reactor (For SDIC Product)
2
5 KL
20
Vacuum Filtration System (For SDIC Product)
2
--
21
Flash Dryer (For SDIC Product)
1
800 Kg/hr
22
Granulator (For SDIC Product)
1
800 Kg/hr
23
Combination
of
MEE
with
Thermal
Compression with Thermic Fluid Heater of
5,60,000 Kcal/hr
1
16 KL/hour
(Source: TCPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.16
2.4 SORUCES OF POLLUTION
2.4.1 Liquid Effluent
As can be seen from the manufacturing process diagram, the major
source of wastewater generation will be filtration & washing, which will be
taken in to Mechanical
Vapor
Compressor for evaporation. The
evaporated water will be condensed and reused back in the process and
for other purposes except domestic use. The water requirement will be
satisfied through recycled water as well as fresh water withdrawal from
ground water soruce.
Based on the water balance diagram shown in Figure no. 2.4 the
wastewater quantity from different sources has been estimated and given
at Table no. 2.10.
Table No. 2.10 Details of Effluent Generation
Sr. No.
Source
A
Domestic
B
Industrial
1
Process
2
Effluent in m3/day
Generation Recycle Discharge
4.0
0.0
4.0
248.0
248.0
0.0
Cooling bleed off
8.0
8.0
0.0
3
Washing
6.5
6.5
0.0
4
Scrubbing
3.5
3.5
0.0
5
Others
0.0
0.0
0.0
TOTAL of Industrial
266
266*
0.0
TOTAL of Domestic & Industrial
270
266*
4.0
(Source: RESPL)
Note: *The effluent will be sent to MVC, hence out of 266 KLD only 197 KLD effluent
will be received for reuse. From the balance quantity i.e. 69 KLD, 57 KLD
will be received in the form of concentrate slurry i.e. by Product (Sodium
Chloride) and 12 KLD will be evaporation losses.
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.17
Domestic wastewater will be discharged through septic tank system.
Wastewater from process and utilities will be collected in collection cum
equalization cum neutralization tank and taken to holding tank through
filter press after correcting the pH. The effluent from holding tank will be
sent to Mechanical Vapor Compressor (MVC), where effluent will be
evaporated and sodium salt will be recovered. The evaporated effluent
will be condensed and stored for reuse in process and other uses except
domestic use. The details of ETP units have been given at Table no. 2.11,
whereas the line diagram of the proposed treatment scheme is given at
Figure no. 2.7. The technical detail of Mechanical Vapor Compressor
(MVC) is given in Table no. 2.12, where as the line diagram of MVC is given
at Figure no. 2.8.
Table No. 2.11 Details of Effluent Treatment Plant
Sr.
Treatment unit
Nos. Volume/Capacity
No.
1
Collection cum equalization tank
2
200 m3 each
cum Neutralization tank
2
Filter Press
1
20 m3/hr
3
Holding tank
1
200 m3
4
MVC
1
16 m3/hr
5
Condensate collection tank
1
160 m3
6
Concentrate collection tank
1
100 m3
7
Flash dryer for concentrate drying
1
1530 Kg/hour
(Source: RESPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.18
Table No. 2.11 Details of Mechanical Vapor Compressor
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Description
Capacity
Operating hours
Fluid
Feed rate
Evaporation Capacity
Initial Solids TDS
Concentrate Outlet Rate (with 6-8% Free
Moisture)
Cooling Water Quantity
Cooling Water inlet/ outlet Temperature
Thermic Fluid In Temp.
Thermic Fluid Out Temp.
Thermic Fluid Quantity (Recirculating)
Power Consumption – MVR
Power Consumption – Evaporator
Power Consumption - Centrifuge
Power Consumption - Dryer
Power Consumption – Cooling Water
Circulation &
Cooling Tower Fan
TOTAL
Unit
Hrs.
Kg/hr.
Kg/hr
PPM
Value
320
20
Effluent
17250
15720
80000
kg/hr
M3/hr
Deg C
Deg C
Deg C
M3/hr
KW
KW
KW
KW
1530
20
32/39
320
290
10
480
220
20
47
KW
3
KW
770
M3/day
(Source : TCPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.19
Figure 2.7: Proposed ETP Line Diagram
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.20
Figure 2.8: Line Diagram of Mechanical Vapor Compressor
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.21
2.4.2 Gaseous Emissions
The sources of gaseous emission identified are from the Hot Air Generator,
Thermic Fluid Heater and process emission from various reaction vessels as
well as fugitive emissions from handling of raw materials.
The unit proposes to install natural gas based Hot Air Generator and
Thermic Fluid Heater.
The fugitive emissions due to handling and storage of chemicals will be
handled by suitable engineering and administrative practices.
The details of the Air Pollution Control Measures are given at Table no. 2.13.
The proposed project location is adjacent to national highway, having well
established infrastructure including roads.
Table No. 2.13 Details of Air Pollution Control System
Sr.
No.
Attached To
Fuel used
Fuel
Consumption
Stack
Height
in m
Pollution
control
measures
Flue Gas Emissions
1
2
Hot Air Generator
(4,00,000 Kcal)
Thermic
Fluid
Heater
(5,60,000
Kcal)
Natural
Gas
@ 50 SCM/hr
30 m
--
Natural
Gas
@ 70 SCM/hr
30 m
--
15 m
Alkali
Scrubber
Process Gas Emissions
Filtration System
1 (2 Nos. – TCCA
Product)
Flash Dryer (2 Nos.
2
– TCCA Product)
Granulator (2 Nos.
3
– TCCA Product)
Filtration System
4 (2 Nos. – SDIC
Product)
Flash Dryer
5
(SIDC Product)
Granulator (SDIC
6
Product)
(Source : TCPL)
--
--
--
--
--
--
15 m
15 m
15 m
--
--
--
--
--
--
15 m
15 m
Scrubber
Bag Filter
Alkali
Scrubber
Scrubber
Bag Filter
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.22
2.4.3 Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation
The details of solid and hazardous waste generation and its handling and
management have been presented in Table no. 2.14. Approximately 200
sq.m. area has been earmarked for storage of hazardous waste covered
with pucca roof top. The membership for GPCB authorized TSDF site will be
takne prior to commencement of the production activity.
TABLE NO. 2.14 Details of solid waste/Hazardous Waste
Sr.
No.
Description
Category
Quantity
per Year
Hazardous Waste
5.1
2.5 MT
1
Used Oil
2
Discarded
Containers / Bags /
Drums / cylinders
Process Waste
33.3
5 MT
26.1
2 MT
Chemical sludge
from ETP
34.3
3
4
1
6 MT
(Max.)
Non Hazardous Solid Waste
Sodium Chloride Salt
-3500 MT
from MVC
Method of Storage
and Disposal
Will be collected in
drums, stored and
reused.
Will be sold out to
authorized recyclers /
reusers.
Will be disposed to
TSDF site
Will be disposed to
TSDF site
Will be sold out to
end potential users as
by product
(Source : TCPL)
2.5 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Green belt / zone will be developed within area of @10000 sq.m. The
services of qualified horticulturist will be rendered to select the species to
be grown in the premises. For development of green belt @Rs. 5.0 Lakhs will
be invested. For the maintenance of the Green Belt annual Recurring cost
of @ Rs. 1.5 Lacs will be allocated in the budget. Greenbelt will be
designed to minimize the predicted levels of the possible air pollutants and
noise.
EIA CONSULTANT :
2.23
The green belt development will be carried out considering the following :

Type of pollution anticipated from the project activities

Agro climatic zone and sub-zone where green belt is to developed

Water quality and quantity available in the area

Soil characteristics of the area
2.6 RAIN WATER HARVESTING
Concept of rain water harvesting is getting importance and has also
become need of the hour considering the scarcity of water. The basic aim
of rain water harvesting is collecting, storing and using the rain water as per
the need. The components of rain water harvesting system are Catchment
area, conveyance system, filtration system, storage system and recharge
structure.
Design of rain water harvesting structure is being done
considering following points:

Catchment area

Average rain fall intensity

Run-off coefficient
The services of the expert will be rendered for designing of rain water
harvesting structure alongwith recharging of ground water.
2.7 ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY
The unit is committed towards the Health and Safety of workers. The unit will
provide adequate number of first aid boxes at strategic locations and give
training to designated person for the emergency purpose. The unit will also
appoint part-time medical officer for medical assistance and for ensuring
the better health of workers.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 3
3.1
EIA STUDY REPORT FOR MANUFACTURING OF SPECIALITY CHEMICALS BY TRION CHEMICALS
PVT. LTD., S. No. 382, VILLAGE : NEJA, TA. : KHAMBHAT, DIST. ANAD:, GUJARAT
CHAPTER – 3
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
3.1 INTRODUCTION
To assess environmental impacts from proposed project at a specific location
it is essential to monitor the environment quality prevailing in the surrounding
area prior to implementation of the proposed project. The environment status
within the study area could be used for identification of significant
environmental issues to be addressed in the impact assessment study.
The impact from an existing industrial project on its surrounding environment
are mainly regulated by the nature of the pollutants, their quantities
discharged to the environment, existing environmental quality, assimilative
capacity of the surrounding environment and topography and terrain of the
project site (its location) as well as the surrounding area. In order to identify
and establish the extent of likely impacts, it is essential to gather information
on existing environmental quality with regard to various components of the
environment.
For collecting the baseline information, primary data were generated
wherever possible and the other information was gathered from secondary
data sources. For the primary data, study area was selected that included
towns and villages within 5 km radius considering the project site as a center.
3.2 MICROMETEOROLOGY OF THE AREA
A general description of weather which includes diurnal and seasonal wind
pattern and wind direction, humidity etc is necessary to identify those
EIA CONSULTANT :
3.2
features of the local, sub regional and regional meteorology that influence
the air quality in area of the proposed project.
Site specific meteorological data for study period from March 2012 to May
2012
has
been
collected
from
Indian
Meterologivcal
Department,
Ahmedabad for Vadodara weather monitoring station. The maximum
temperature recorded for a period between March 2012 to May 2012 was
during the month of May, 44.4 oC whereas the minimum temperature
recorded was during the month of March, 40.4o C. The relative humidity
levels varied from 15.0 to 88.0. The maximum, minimum as well as relative
humidity for a period of March 2012 to May 2012 are presented at Table No.
3.1.
Table No. 3.1 Micrometeorological Data
Temperature oC
humidity %
Month
Maximum
Minimum
Maximum
Minimum
Mar-12
40.4
13.7
84.0
15.0
Apr-12
41.0
23.4
84.0
20.0
May-12
44.4
25.8
88.0
15.0
(Source: IMD VADODARA STATION)
3.2.1 Wind rose
Based on site specific IMD Vadodara station meteorological data, wind roses
have been prepared for the period between Mar-12 to May-12. As per
meteorological data it shows that average wind speed is 3.15 m/s and Calm
wind of 3.58 % and predominant wind direction blowing from NW during the
morning time and SW during the evening time. Based on meterological data
wind roses have been prepared for the month Mar-12 to May-12 is shown at
Figure 3.1.
EIA CONSULTANT :
3.3
FIGURE 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of Mar 2012 to May 2012
EIA CONSULTANT :
3.4
3.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT
3.3.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ)
The basic objective of collection of base line data for air environment is to
identify project specific air pollutants being released into the atmosphere,
which will have significant impact on air environment of immediate vicinity of
the proposed project site. For assessment of the baseline data it is important
to specify the study area in respect of the location of the proposed project. It
was decided to study ambient air quality at 6 locations in different directions
in the probable impact zone including the project site.
3.3.1.1 Location of AAQ Monitoring Stations
Ambient air quality stations were chosen considering the various factors like
the most prevailing wind direction, terrain of the area, pockets of habitation,
available infrastructure facilities like power supply, accessibility
etc. The
location of AAQ monitoring stations are shown in figure no. 3.2 and tabulated
at Table no. 3.2.
Table No. 3.2 Sampling Locations
Sr.
No.
1.
Paldi
Direction from
the Site
NW
Distance
(Km)
2.94
2.
Khambhat
SE
2.60
3.
site
Core
00
4.
5.
6.
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
E
NNE
WNW
1.54
3.40
2.60
Location
Site Selection Criteria
Upwind Direction
Nearest poppulated
habitation in Downwind
direction
To Collect existing AAQ
status at site
Crosswind Direction
Crosswind Direction
Crosswind Direction
EIA CONSULTANT :
3.5
EIA STUDY REPORT : MANUFACTURING PLANT OF Specialty Chemicals BY trion
chemicals PVT. LTD. AT VILLAGE : neja, Dist. : khambhat, Gujarat
FIGURE 3.2 SAMPLING LOCATIONS MAP
CONSULTANT :
3.6
3.3.1.2 Base Line Data
The frequency of monitoring was twice in a week for a period of 12 weeks
(commencing from March 2012) to assess the existing sub regional air quality
status. Analytical methods prescribed by CPCB were used for carrying out air
quality monitoring. At all these sampling locations PM2.5, PM10, SOx, NOx
were monitored on 24 hourly basis to enable the comparison with ambient
air quality standards prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board
(CPCB). In absents of any source identify for VOCs and HC from process or
handling VOCs and HC monitoring was not carried out.
Based on data obtained through ambient air quality survey the statement
showing maximum, minimum, average concentration and 98 percentile
values at different monitoring locations in the study area have been
computed and presented at Table No. 3.3.
Table No. 3.3 Ambient Air Quality Status of Study Area
LOCATION
MAX. VALUE MIN. VALUE AVG. VALUE
STANDARD
DEVIATION
98 PERCENTILE
VALUE
PM 10 µg/m3 (Permisibble Limit: 100 µg/m3)
Paldi
Khambhat
site
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
79.00
58.00
70.73
4.87
78.58
81.00
56.00
70.00
7.24
80.16
79.00
51.86
66.78
8.25
79.00
83.00
59.00
71.95
5.83
81.74
79.00
59.00
69.73
5.44
78.58
79.00
63.00
71.45
4.58
79.00
PM 2.5
Paldi
Khambhat
site
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
µg/m3
(Permisibble Limit: 60 µg/m3)
56.28
22.02
41.44
14.24
56.23
57.00
18.73
38.03
13.06
56.78
64.00
32.66
48.60
9.52
63.12
57.00
32.40
43.71
9.95
56.60
55.00
29.55
44.76
7.61
54.64
58.00
34.48
45.44
8.68
57.58
SOx µg/m3
(Permisibble Limit: 80 µg/m3)
CONSULTANT :
3.7
LOCATION
Paldi
Khambhat
site
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
MAX. VALUE MIN. VALUE AVG. VALUE
3.79
8.92
3.34
16.21
15.06
5.45
9.01
2.52
14.04
14.60
4.04
9.09
2.70
13.94
13.62
5.12
9.39
2.63
13.38
18.64
5.53
11.53
3.87
17.40
15.87
4.86
10.23
3.32
15.67
µg/m3
(Permisibble Limit: 80
µg/m3)
29.22
4.31
13.16
6.64
26.66
20.08
3.13
14.26
5.16
19.82
19.70
3.53
12.01
4.10
19.45
21.95
2.69
14.77
5.87
21.68
26.02
3.69
16.80
6.48
25.35
37.68
1.96
16.27
8.33
32.32
Cl (Detection limit=
Paldi
Khambhat
site
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
98 PERCENTILE
VALUE
17.82
NOx
Paldi
Khambhat
site
Neja
Jhalapur
Lunej
STANDARD
DEVIATION
5µg/m3)
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
---
---
---
BDL
BDL
--
--
--
BDL
BDL
--
--
--
BDL
BDL
--
--
--
BDL
BDL
--
--
--
Based on data obtained, it could be stated that,
During the study period the average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
and NOx are below the permissible limit at all locations.
The average concentration of all pollutants at all 6 ambient air locations are
found to varying in the following range:

PM10 from 83.00 to 51.86 µg/m3

PM2.5 from 64.00 to 18.73 µg/m3

SO2 from 18.64 to 3.79 µg/m3

NOx from 29.22 to 1.96 µg/m3
However, Cl detected below detection limit at all station during the study
period. Detection limit for Cl is 5µg/m3.
CONSULTANT :
3.8
3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water environment is widely divided into two categories:
1. Surface water : river, drains, canals, ponds etc
2. Ground water: Accumulation in deeper strata of ground.
Ground water samples (from 6 locations) and surface water samples (from 4
locations)
were
collected
and
analyzed
for
drinking
water
quality
parameters i.e. physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals. The
sampling was carried out once during the study period. The map showing
location of sampling points is shown at Figure no. 3.2. The analysis results are
presented at Table No.3.4 & 3.5.
CONSULTANT :
3.9
Table No. 3.4 Water Quality Parameters (Ground water sources)
IS 10500: 1991
Sampling Location
Colour
Hazen
5
25
<2
<2
<2
Adjecent
to Site
(TGW4)
<2
Odour
--
Unobjectionable
--
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Taste
--
Agreeable
--
Agreeable
5
10
0.1
Not
Possible
0.2
Not
Possible
0.6
Agreeable
NTU
Not
Possible
1.8
0.3
Not
Possible
3.8
--
6.5 - 8.5
6.5 – 8.5
7.9
7.8
8.1
8
8.2
8.3
Total
hardness (as
CaCO3)
mg/L
300
600
281.88
417.96
383.94
233.28
345.06
320.76
Iron (as Fe)
mg/L
0.3
1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Chloride (as
Cl)
Residual free
chlorine
mg/L
250
1000
162.45
508.09
760.4
760.4
504.63
483.89
mg/L
0.2
--
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
Fluoride (as F)
mg/L
1
1.5
0.6
0.59
0.87
1.48
0.81
0.8
TDS
mg/L
500
2000
782
1646
2724
2768
1750
1652
Calcium (as
Ca)
Magnesium
(as Mg)
Copper
(as
Cu)
Manganese
(as Mn)
Sulphate(as
SO4)
Nitrate
mg/L
75
200
101.09
69.98
112.75
79.7
104.98
120.53
mg/L
30
100
7.09
59.05
24.8
8.27
20.08
4.72
mg/L
0.05
1.5
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.03
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
0.1
0.3
0.05
0.18
<0.05
0.05
<0.05
<0.05
mg/L
200
400
43.38
145.32
191.83
179.35
132.95
118.31
mg/L
45
45
<2
9.48
27.34
7.91
22.1
26.26
Phenolic
compounds
(as Phenol)
mg/L
0.001
0.002
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
Mercury (as
Hg)
Cadmium (as
Cd)
Selenium (as
Se)
Aresenic (as
As)
Cyanide (as
CN)
Lead (as Pb)
mg/L
0.001
0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
0.05
0.05
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
0.05
0.05
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
Zinc (as Zn)
mg/L
5
15
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Anionic
detergents
(as MBAS)
Chromium
mg/L
0.2
1
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
mg/L
0.05
0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
Parameters
Turbidity
pH
Unit
Desirable
Permissible
Jhalalpur
(TGW1)
Neja
(TGW2)
Khambhat
(TGW3)
Paldi
(TGW5)
Lunej
(TGW6)
<2
<2
CONSULTANT :
<0.1
3.10
IS 10500: 1991
Sampling Location
Jhalalpur
(TGW1)
Neja
(TGW2)
Khambhat
(TGW3)
Adjecent
to Site
(TGW4)
Paldi
(TGW5)
Lunej
(TGW6)
0.03
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
200
600
315.81
341.91
485.46
469.8
433.26
443.7
mg/L
0.03
0.2
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
mg/L
1
5
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
MPN/
100ml
1
10
22
28
<1
<1
8
1
Absent
--
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
Absent
28.00
30.00
33.00
32.00
33.50
35.00
Parameters
Unit
Polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons
Mineral oil
Desirable
Permissible
mg/L
--
--
mg/L
0.01
Alkalinity (as
CaCO3)
Aluminium
(as Al)
Boron
mg/L
MPN coliform
count
E.coli
Faecal
Coliform
Temperature
mg/L
Deg.C
--
--
CONSULTANT :
3.11
Table no. 3.5 Water Quality Parameters (Surface water Source)
Parameters
IS 10500: 1991
Unit
Sampling Location
Colour
Hazen
5
25
10
10
green
Khambhat
Estuary
(TSW4)
20
Odour
--
Unobject
--
unagreeable
unagreeable
unagreeable
unagreeable
-NTU
Agreeable
5
-10
Not Possible
1450
Not Possible
1250
Not Possible
Not Possible
Not Possible
4.1
--
6.5 - 8.5
6.5 – 8.5
8.4
8.3
7.2
8.1
Total
hardness (as
CaCO3)
Iron (as Fe)
mg/L
300
600
106.92
476.28
194.4
9306.9
mg/L
0.3
1
5.86
0.34
24.54
<0.1
Chloride (as
Cl)
Residual free
chlorine
mg/L
250
1000
321.44
1693.62
51.85
35185.9
mg/L
0.2
--
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
<0.2
Fluoride (as F)
mg/L
1
1.5
1.85
1.86
2.1
3.83
TDS
mg/L
500
2000
1050
5294
1768
>50000
Calcium (as
Ca)
Magnesium
(as Mg)
mg/L
75
200
36.94
112.75
38.88
690.12
mg/L
30
100
3.54
47.24
23.62
1842.33
Copper
(as
Cu)
Manganese
(as Mn)
mg/L
0.05
1.5
<0.01
<0.01
0.18
0.01
mg/L
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.23
1.13
0.42
Sulphate(as
SO4)
Nitrate
mg/L
200
400
102.12
159.21
62.59
1682.37
mg/L
45
45
<2
4.93
<2
15.28
Phenolic
compounds
(as Phenol)
mg/L
0.001
0.002
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
Mercury (as
Hg)
Cadmium (as
Cd)
Selenium (as
Se)
Aresenic (as
As)
Cyanide (as
CN)
Lead (as Pb)
mg/L
0.001
0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.003
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.07
mg/L
0.01
0.01
<0.01
0.01
0.16
0.03
mg/L
0.05
0.05
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
0.05
0.05
0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
Zinc (as Zn)
mg/L
-
-
<0.1
<0.1
0.2
<0.1
Taste
Turbidity
pH
Desirable
Permissible
Neja
(TSW1)
Paldi
(TSW2)
Lunej
(TSW3)
CONSULTANT :
3.12
Parameters
Unit
IS 10500: 1991
Sampling Location
Anionic
detergents
(as MBAS)
mg/L
0.2
1
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
Khambhat
Estuary
(TSW4)
<0.05
Chromium
mg/L
0.05
0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
0.05
Polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons
mg/L
--
--
Mineral oil
mg/L
0.01
0.03
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
mg/L
200
600
193.14
506.34
208.8
274.05
mg/L
0.03
0.2
4.6
0.29
14.78
0.04
mg/L
1
5
<1
<1.0
<1
5.54
MPN/100ml
1
10
43
35
35
24
Absent
--
present
present
present
Absent
mg/L
--
--
present
present
present
Absent
Deg.C
--
--
34.00
36.00
37.00
36.5
Alkalinity
CaCO3)
(as
Aluminium
(as Al)
Boron
MPN coliform
count
E.coli
Faecal
Coliform
Temperature
Desirable
Permissible
Neja
(TSW1)
Paldi
(TSW2)
Lunej
(TSW3)
CONSULTANT :
3.13
3.5 NOISE
The noise level measurement within study area was carried out so as to have
estimation of back ground noise level. Measurements were carried out using
a sound level meter. The map showing sampling locations where noise level
was estimated is shown at figure no. 3.2.
Table No. 3.6 Noise Level Data
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Location
LEQ (dB(A))
Day time
Night time
63.55
56.54
53.96
56.43
59.06
55.16
60.35
48.32
46.26
55.90
53.48
46.22
lunej
paldi
Neja
jhalapur
site
khambhat
During monitoring period, the LEQ (dB(A)) noise levels varied between 60.00
to 68.89 during daytime and 49.39 to 71.10 during the night time for whole
study area. The noise level varied at the same place at different times due to
fluctuations in traffic movements as well as commercial and domestic
activities going on in the study area.
3.6 SOIL
3.6.1 Baseline Data
Description of soil environment is becomes crucial particularly when the
(treated) effluent is to be discharge on land for disposal or treatment. The soil
environment is usually described by determining the physical & chemical
characteristics of soil samples collected from Site.
CONSULTANT :
3.14
3.6.2 Physical Characteristics
Physical characteristics of soil are delineated through specific parameters,
viz. particle size distribution (grain size analysis), porosity, water holding
capacity and permeability. The particle size distribution in terms of gravel,
sand, silt and clay are presented at Table No. 3.7.
Soil porosity is a measure of air filled pore spaces and gives information about
movement of gases, inherent moisture, and development of root system and
strength of soil. Soil porosity, water holding capacity and permeability of soil
samples are shown at Table No. 3.8.
3.6.3 Chemical Characteristics
Data for chemical characterization of soil were collected through selected
parameters viz. pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and
sodium absorption ratio and are presented at Table No. 3.9.
pH is an important parameter indicative of the alkaline or acidic nature of
the soil. It greatly affects the microbial species as well as the solubility of
metal ions and regulates nutrients availability. pH of soil sample collected
from site was found to be 7.76 indicating it’s alkaline nature.
Electrical conductivity and cation exchange capacity of the soil samples
was measured in range 1979 to 253 μmho/cm and 23.19 to 11.23 meq of
H+/100 gm respectively.
CONSULTANT :
3.15
Table No. 3.7 Particle Size Distribution of Soil samples
Sr. No.
Sampling Locations
1.
2.
3
4
5
6
Jalalpur
neja
khambhat
site
paldi
lunej
G(%)
1
5
3
0
0
3
Particle size distribution
S(%)
M+C(%)
43
56
52
43
56
41
57
43
48
52
46
51
NOTE:
G:
S:
Gravel (> 4.75 mm)
Sand (75 μm – 4.75 mm)
M:
C:
Silt (2 μm - 75 μm)
Clay (<2 μm)
Table No. 3.8 Physical Characteristics
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3
4
5
6
Sampling Locations
Jalalpur
Neja
Khambhat
Site
Paldi
Lunej
Permeability
(mm/sec)
Water Holding
Capacity (%)
Porosity (%)
1.3 x 10-6
34.1
36.7
1.8x 10-6
21.1
28.9
1.9 x 10-6
20.3
31.2
2.1x 10-6
20.1
30.8
1.6x 10-6
19.8
30.1
1.8x 10-6
20.7
31
CONSULTANT :
3.16
Table No. 3.9 Chemical Characteristics
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3
4
5
6
Sampling
Locations
Jalalpur
Neja
Khambhat
Site
Paldi
Lunej
pH
Electrical
conductivity
(mho/cm)
Cation exchange
capacity (meq of
H+/100 gm)
Sodium
Absorption
Ratio
7.27
384
15.73
11.37
7.85
559
23.19
14.66
8.36
1245
18.78
5.34
7.76
1979
11.23
8.55
7.90
913
21.08
9.84
7.63
253
15.64
7.62
CONSULTANT :
3.17
3.7 LAND USE PATTERNS
Remote sensing technology has emerged as a powerful tool in providing
reliable information on various natural resources at different levels of
details in a spatial form. Land use distribution in the study area has been
estimated using remote sensing technique. The land use pattern of the
study area has been studied by satellite imaginary picture and details
about satellite imagery are given below.
Satellite Data:
Data acquired from National Remote Sensing Center,
Govt. of India
Sl.
No.
1
Satellite Data
Scene
IRS LISS IV
098
Date
Format Description
01 Nov TIFF
Orbit no. 26173
2008
resolution 5.0 m.
2
IRS LISS IV
084
18 Oct TIFF
Orbit no. 28564,
2009
resolution 5.0 m.
In the present study, landuse and landcover information of the study area
of ten kilometers around the proposed site near Neja village and
surrounding in Taluka and district of Khambhat, has been mapped using
the digital data dated 01 Nov.2008 of IRS P6 LISS IV MX sensor of the IRS
series of satellite having resolution of 5 metre. Data has been corrected
geometrically and radiometrically. This corrected data has been used for
classifying
the
image.
Various
major
categories
like
Agriculture,
Wasteland, Waterbody, Wetland etc were identified and mapped. Area
statistics is calculated for different Landuse/Landcover categories along
with pie chart. A thematic map is also generated depicting various classes
with different symbols.
3.7.1 Methodology
The overall methodology adopted and followed to achieve the objectives
of the present study involves the following steps:

Satellite data of IRS P6 LISS IV sensor is geometrically corrected and
enhanced using principal component method and Nearest
Neighborhood resampling technique.
CONSULTANT :
3.18

Preparation of basic themes like layout map, transport & settlement
map and from the satellite image by visual interpretation.

Essential maps (related to natural resources) like Land use / Land
cover map are prepared by visual interpretation of the satellite
imagery. Visual interpretation is carried out based on the image
characteristics like tone, size, shape, pattern, texture, location,
association, background etc. in conjunction with existing maps/
literature.

Preliminary quality check and necessary corrections are carried out
for all the maps prepared.

All the maps prepared are converted into soft copy by digitization
of contours and drainages. In that process editing, labeling,
mosaicing, quality checking, data integration etc are done, finally
Land use areas are measured in Square Kilometers.
3.7.2 Land use Map Analysis
Land use Map Analysis done based on the image color, texture, Tone etc.
Following steps are used to analyze the Land use pattern of project site:

Collection of IRS LISS IV images and made fused and blended the
images for color combinations using Image interpreter-Utilities and
Layer stack option available in ERDAS.

Identification AOI and made a buffer of 10km radius.

Enhance the Fused and blended LISS IV image using the Spatial,
Radiometric and Temporal options in ERDAS.

Rectified the LISS IV image using Georeferencing technique,
Toposheet to get UTM coordinate system.

Subset the LISS images and Toposheet using 10Kms buffer AOI.

Automatic classifications done for LISS IV images using maximum
iterations and number of options in unsupervised classification
options.

Created the signature file by selecting the more samples of different
features with AOI on Unsupervised classification image.
CONSULTANT :
3.19

Export to Vector layer from supervised classification image.

Gone through the QC / QA and finalized the data.
3.7.3 Digital Image Classification and maps:
Overview of Classifications: Digital Image classification procedures were
applied to the mosaiced images of LISS-IV. In order to do a Land use
classification of the area that comes under a 10km buffer radius of the
study area, IRS-P6 images were used.
Since all the data of the study area were georeferenced to UTM 43N
WGS84 projection system, the satellite images were also obtained with the
same georeferencing from NRSA who provided the GeoTIFFs of the
scenes. Before a classification could be performed, however, the satellite
images needed to be pre-processed. All the processing and classification
of the satellite images were performed in the ERDAS Imagine 9.1 software.
The data was delivered in separate bands of 2, 3 and 4. As such, the first
step was to stack the data layers together to get a composite. The scenes
were then mosaiced together since the study area covered parts of both
the scenes. Once a satisfactory mosaic was done whereby the joins were
no longer visible and the radiometric resolution of both the scenes
matched, the satellite image was then subset using a vector of the 10 kms
buffer radius of the study area. This subset of the original images was then
run through the unsupervised classification tool of the software to finally
create the grouping of classes present in the study area. The data was in
two parts, one part taken in 2008 and the other part taken in 2009. The
difference in shades in the two parts is due to reflectance changes. The
image is in two parts because there was no availability of archival data of
two consecutive date of that region. Satellite imagery of the proposed site
is shown at Figure no. 3.3.
The villages situated within the 10 km radius of the proposed site have
been considered for the study of the land use pattern. The land use
pattern classification of the study area within 10 km buffers is shown at
Figure no. 3.4.
CONSULTANT :
3.20
As per the study results , there is no any sanctuary or national parks within
10 km radius location of proposed project site. As per the map there is no
Sanctuaries or National Parks nearby the proposed site.
The land use classification of the satellite image yielded the following
classes as shown at Table no.3.10 and the distriubution chart of the study
area is shown at Figure no 3.5.
Table No. 3.10 Landuse Statistics of the Study Area
Class
Area in Sq. Kms.
Sea
Percentage
39.30
12.51%
8.26
2.63%
Sandy area
13.41
4.27%
Scrub
18.85
6.00%
183.62
58.45%
Salt pans area
25.28
8.05%
Industrial area
11.78
3.75%
Settlement
13.66
4.35%
314.16
100.00%
Water bodies
Crop land
Total
CONSULTANT :
3.21
Figure 3.5 Distribution Chart of the study area
However, the biggest land cover in this area is crop Land (About 58.45%)
followed by Sea area and the dominancy of Land Cover gradually
decreased up to Sandy Area.

Salt pan area : The area occupied by the salt pan is 8.05%.

Sandy Area : Parts of river bed, which is a uplifted portion of river,
where water flow is vary less. Having a occupancy of 4.27%.

Scrub : Area occupied by scrubs. 6.00% it includes both dense and
open scrub.

Crop Land : It is a good agricultural land as can be seen in satellite
images. It is occupied 58.45%.

Industrial area : The industrial area in this area is very less. It covers
3.75% of total area.

Settlement : It is defined as an area of human habitation developed
due to nonagricultural use. Settlement and developed area in the
study area constitutes 4.35%of the total study area.

Water Bodies : The water bodies in the study area occupies 2.63 %.
CONSULTANT :
3.22
3.7.4 Wild Life Sanctuary, National Park occupancy in the study area.
The wild life sanctuary map shows the location of all the national parks,
bird reserves and sanctuary of Gujarat state. As per the study results , there
is no any sanctuary or national parks within 10 km radius location of
proposed M/s Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd site. The Black national park is
located at about 90 km from the site. Map showing wild life sanctuary,
National Park occupancy in the study area is shown at Figure no. 3.6.
Figure no. 3.6 Map showing Wild Life Sanctuary, National Park occupancy
in State of Gujarat
CONSULTANT :
3.23
Figure 3.3 Location of Proposed site on Satellite Image
CONSULTANT :
3.24
Figure 3.4 Landuse Map of Proposed Site
CONSULTANT :
3.25
3.8 Geology and Geomorphology of Study Area:
The mahi and Sabarmati are two main rivers of the district. The other rivers
are shedhi, vatrakmesha, khari, mohar and Luni with annual rainfall is
about 64 cm.
The metasedimentary rocks such as mica-schist, meta-subgraywacke and
quartzites belonging to the kadana formation of the Lunavada group
(Aravallisupergroup) are exposed in the north eastern part of the district.
These are of lower Proterozoic age. These rocks are intruded by the
godhra granite. At places these are overlain by the Lameta beds. Basalts,
belonging to the Deccan Traps are found in the northeastern part of the
district containingintertrappen sediments. Laterite and bauxite cappings
(Salod formation) are found over the Deccan Traps at many places.
Limestone, sandstone and marl belonging to the Vagadkhoi formation of
the Eocene age are found in the area between Dakor and Kapadvanj,
calcareous sand belonging to the Miliolite formation of the porbandar
group is found WNW of Khambhat. The district mostly occupied by the
Holocene sediments. These sediments are of marine, fluvial and Aeolian
origin. The marine sediments include the older tidal flats and tidal marsh of
Rann Clay formation and shoal, tidal flat and marsh of younger Mahuva
formation. The fluval sediments include flood plain and delta of katpur
formation and channel-fill and flood plain of younger Varahi formation.
The Aeolian sediments include stabilized sand sheet and sand dune of
Akhaj formation and sand sheet of younger Jantra formation.
Study area is mostly a waste land comprising of shoal on the southern
portion i.e. Navagam Bara, Akhol, Lunej; older tidal flats on the western &
northern side i.e villages like Gudel, Bhimtalav, JinajRangpur etc. and flood
plains on the eastern side of the site i.e. villages like Neja, Sokhada,
Jhalapur, Malu,Vadola, VasnaUndel.
Sand Dunes are also present at places and a petroleum site is also found
on the SW side of the project site near village Akhol. Map for the Geology
of the study area is shown at Figure 3.7.
CONSULTANT :
3.26
3.8.1 Soils
There are mainly three typoes of soils in the district. The soils of alluvial
plains consist of very deep, well-drained calcareous fine to coarse loam,
occupying the major part of the district. Soils of hilly plains and interfuves
occur in the northern part. The central part of the district, being a fertile
land is highly urbanized. The area where our site is located is a part of
marshly waste land located in the southern part of the district. The
groundwater level is 5-10 m in the southern part and 10-20 m in the
northern region.
CONSULTANT :
3.27
Figure 3.7 Geology Map of study area
CONSULTANT :
3.28
3.9 Ecology of Study Area:
3.9.1 Introduction
Khambhat is formerly known as Cambay, is a city and a municipality in
Anand district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It was formerly an important
trading center, although its harbour has gradually silted up, and the
maritime trade has moved elsewhere. Khambhat lies on an alluvial plain
at the north end of the Gulf of Khambhat, which is noted for the extreme
rise and fall of its tides, which can vary as much as thirty feet in the vicinity
of Khambhat.
3.9.2 Study Area
Khambhat is located at 22.3°N 72.62°E. It has an average elevation of 8
metres (26 feet). Khambhat has warm & humid climate. It is located on the
plains. The land on which Khambhat sits right now is the silt deposited by
Mahi River, so Khambhat has got very fertile & wet soil. Soil over here is
Coastal Alluvial. The area south of Khambhat is muddy wetlands and then
coast line comes. Normally April to June is summer. From July, it rains until
September. It has muggy climate for most part of the year except winters.
Sometimes Khambhat receives heavy rain. And sometimes surrounding
areas gets affected from the floods in Mahi River. October to February is
winter. max. average temperature remains 25°c to 30°c and min. average
temperature goes until 10°c to 12°c. Summer max. average temperature
remains 38°c and minimum remains around 22°c. In summer, wind blows
high. Khambhat coast's tides are the highest in the world. It goes high up
to 35 feet.
The Gulf of Khambhat, (3,120sq.km) is aligned in a north-south orientation.
It is marked by the huge interaction of saline and fresh waters, providing it
the characteristics of an extended estuarine system. The coastal belt
(20km) passes through as many as 6 districts and 19 talukas. The coastal
area is about 11,000 sq. km. Extensive mudflats, estuaries and creeks with
high regime, large quantities of sediment transport characterize the
CONSULTANT :
3.29
Khambhat coast. There are extensive areas of inter tidal mud and sand
flats, coastal salt marshes and degraded mangrove associations,
particularly in the deltas of the Mahi and Sabarmati rivers.
The detail on site survey on flora and fauna existing in study area was
carried out. The Study area belongs to Khambhat, Anand district and
having 7 km. radius around “Trion Chemicals”, Khambhat. 21 villages and
their surrounding
were identified
for
the
study
of ecology and
environment. These areas are Jinaj, Daheda, Malasoni, Bhat Talavadi,
Motipura, Kodava, Paladi, Jalapur, Navagam Vanta, Sokhada, Nagara,
Kali Talavadi, Lunej, Neja, Chhatardi, Akhol Juni, Khambhat, Kalodara
Mota, Sakarpur, Machipura and Metpur.
A village/location-wise list of flora recorded during field survey is tabulated
at Table No. 3.11. A list of avi-fauns (bird species) and animal species
found during survey is presented at Table No. 3.12.
Table No 3.11 Total number of plant species
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Scientific Name
Abelmoschus manihot
L.
Abrus precatorius L.
Abutilon indicum L.
Acacia auriculiformis
A.Cunn. ex Benth.
Acacia nilotica L.
Acalypha indica L.
Achyranthus aspera L.
Aegle marmelos L.
Aeluropus lagopoids L
Agave americana L.
Ailanthus
excelsaa
Roxb.
Albizia lebbeck L.
Alstonia scholaris L.
Alternanthera sesilis L.
Argemone mexicana
L.
Azadirachta indica A.
Juss.
Local Name
Bhinda
Family
Malvaceae
Remarks
C
Chanothi
Kansaki
Australian
baval
Desi Baval
Dadro
Andhedi
Bili
Aaliyu
Ketaki
Arduso
Papilionaceae
Malvaceae
Mimosaceae
W
W
R
Mimosaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Amaranthaceae
Rutaceae
Poaceae
Agavaceae
Simaroubaceae
R
W
W
P
W
O
R
Kalo Shirish
Saptaparni
Jal jambvo
Darudi
Mimosaceae
Apocynaceae
Amaranthaceae
Papavaraceae
R
O
W
W
Neem
Meliaceae
P
CONSULTANT :
3.30
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
Balanites aegyptiaca
L.
Bauhinia purpurea L.
Boerhavia diffusa L.
Borassus flabellifer L.
Bougainvillea
spectabilis L.
Butea
monosperma
Lam.
Caesalpinia crista L.
Caesalpinia
pulcherrima L.
Callestimon
lanceolatus D.C.
Calotropis gigantea L.
Calotropis procera Ait.
Canna indica L.
Capparis
decidua
Forsk.
Carica papaya L.
Caryota urens L.
Cassia auriculata L.
Cassia fistula L.
Cassia siamea Lam.
Cassia tora L.
Casuarina
equisetifloia L.
Chloris barbata Sw.
Cieba pentandra L.
Clerodendrum inerme
Gaertn.
Coccinea
grandis
Voigt.
Cocculus
hirsutus
Diels.
Cocos nucifera L.
Commelina
benghalensis L.
Corchorus capsularis
L.
Cordia
dichotoma
Forst.
Cordia gharaf Forsk.
Cordia sebestena L.
Crinum asiaticum L.
Ingorio
Balanitaceae
W
Kachnar
Satodi
Tad
Boganvel
Caesalpiniaceae
Nyctaginaceae
Arecaceae
Nyctaginaceae
O
W
W
O
Khakhro
Papilionaceae
R
Kachaka
Galtoro
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
W
O
Bottle brush
Myrtaceae
O
Moto Akdo
Akdo
Bajarbattu
Kerdo
Asclepiadaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Cannaceae
Capparaceae
W
W
O
W
Papaya
Shivjata
Aval
Garmalo
Kasid
Kunvadyu
Saru
Caricaceaee
Arecaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Casuarinaceae
P
O
W
P/R
R
W
O
Mindadiyu
Liso Shimlo
Arni
Poaceae
Bombacaceae
Verbenaceae
G
R
O
Tindora
Cucurbitaceae
P
Vevdi
Menispermaceae
W
Nariyeli
Shish muliyu
Arecaceae
Commelinaceae
P/O
W
Chunch
Tiliaceae
W
Gunda
Ehretiaceae
R
Liyal gundi
Orange cordia
Nagdamni
Ehretiaceae
Ehretiaceae
Amaryllidaceae
R
O
O
CONSULTANT :
3.31
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
Cryptostegia
grandiflora R. Br.
Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.
Cyamopsis
tetragonoloba L.
Cynodon dactylon L.
Cyperus sp.
Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
Datura metel L.
Dectyloctenium
aegyptium L.
Delonix regia L.
Dendrocalamus
strictus Nees.
Dicanthum annulatum
Forsk.
Duranta repens L.
Eclipta alba L.
Eichornia
crassipes
Mart.
Emblica
officinalis
Gaertm.
Eucalyptus
globulus
Labill.
Euphorbia hirta L.
Euphorbia neriifolia L.
Ficus benghalensis L.
Ficus benjamina L.
Ficus recemosa L.
Ficus religiosa L.
Ficus rumphii L.
Gmelina arborea L.
Gossypium
herbaceum auct.Non
L.
Hibiscus rosa – sinensis
L.
Holoptelea integrifolia
Roxb.
Ipomoea biloba Forsk.
Ipomoea
carnea
auct. Non Jacq.
Ipomoea sp.
Ixora coccinea L.
Jatropha curcas L.
Rubber vel
Periplocaceae
W
Amarvel
Guvar
Cuscutaceae
Papilionaceae
W
C
Darbh
Chiyo
Sisam
Dhaturo
Tarakiyu
Poaceae
Cyperaceae
Papilonaceae
Solanaceae
Poaceae
G
W
R
W
G
Gulmohar
Vans
Caesalpiniaceae
Poaceae
Jinjavo
Poaceae
Damyanti
Bhangaro
Jalkumbhi
Verbenaceae
Asteraceae
Pontederiaceae
O/P
W
W
Amla
Euphorbiaceae
P
Nilgiri
Myrtaceae
R/P
Rati dudheli
Thor
Vad
Java fig
Umro
Pipalo
Pipar
Sevan
Kapas
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Verbenaceae
Malvaceae
W
P
R
O
W
R
R
R/P
C
Jasud
Malvaceae
O
Kanjo
Ulmaceae
R
Maryada vel
Besharam vel
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae
W
W
Morning glory
Ratinevari
Ratanjot
Convolvulaceae
Rubiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
W
C
P
R
P/O
G
CONSULTANT :
3.32
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
Jatropha gossypifolia
L.
Lantana
camara
auct. Non L.
Lawsonia inermis L.
Leucaena
leucocephala Lam.
Limonia asidissima L
Luffa cylindrica L.
Mangifera indica L.
Manilkara
hexandra
Roxb.
Manilkara zapota L.
Martynia annua L.
Medicago sativa L.
Melia azadirach L.
Moringa oleifera Lam.
Morus alba L.
Murraya koenigii L.
Musa paradisiaca L.
Nerium indicum Mill.
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
L.
Ocimum gratissimum
L.
Opuntia elatior Mill.
Parkinsonia aculeata
L.
Parthenium
hysterophorus L.
Peltophorum
pterocarpum DC.
Pennisetum
purpureum Schum. &
Thonn..
Pennisetum typhoides
Staph. & Hubb.
Pergularia
daemia
Forsk.
Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
Phyllanthus fraternus
Wevst.
Pithecellobium dulce
Roxb.
Plumeria alba L.
Ratanjot
Euphorbiaceae
W
Indradhanush
Verbenacee
W
Mehndi
Subaval
Lythraceae
Mimosaceae
P
P
Kothu
Galka
Ambo
Rayan
Ruraceae
Cucurbitaceae
Anacardiaceae
Sapotaceae
W
W
P
P
Chikoo
Vichudo
Rajko
Bakan Limdo
Saragavo
Setur
Mitho Limdo
Kela
Lal Karen
Parijat
Sapotaceae
Martyniacae
Papilionaceae
Meliaceae
Moringaceae
Moraceae
Rutaceae
Musaceae
Apocynaceae
Oleaceae
Tulsi
Lamiaceae
Fafda thor
Rambaval
Cactaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Congress grass
Asteraceae
W
Tamrfali
Caesalpiniaceae
R
Poaceae
G
Bajari
Poaceae
G
Chamar
dhudeli
Khajuri
Bhoy Amli
Asclepiadaceae
W
Goras Amli
Mimosaceae
R
Champo
Apocynaceae
O
-
P
W
C
P
R/P
P
P
P
O
O
O
Arecaceae
Euphorbiaceae
W/P
W
W/P
W
CONSULTANT :
3.33
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
Polyalthia
longifolia
Sonn.
Pongamia pinnata L.
Portulaca quadrifida
L.
Prosopis cineraria L.
Prosopis juliflora Sw.
Psidium guajva L.
Punica granatum L.
Quisqualis indica L.
Rhynchosia
viscosa
DC.
Ricinus communis L.
Rosa indica L.
Sachcharum officinalis
L.
Salvadora persica L.
Samanea
saman
Jacq.
Scindapsus aureus L.
Sida acuta Burm f.
Solanum
surrattense
Burm. f.
Sorghum bicolor L.
Streblus asper Lour
Suaeda fruticoasa (L)
Forsk.
Syzygium cumini L.
Tamarindus indica L.
Tecoma stans L.f.
Tephrosia purpurea L.
Terminalia arjuna L.
Terminalia catappa L.
Thespesia populnea L.
Thevetia neriifolia Juss.
Tinospora
cordifolia
Willd.
Tridax procumbens L.
Asopalav
Annonaceae
O
Karanj
Zini luni
Papilionaceae
Portulacaceae
R
W
Khijdo
Gando baval
Jamfal
Dadam
Madhumalti
Runchdo fagio
Mimosaceae
Mimosaceae
Myrtaceae
Punicaceae
Combretaceae
Papilionaceae
W
W
P
P
O
W
Arando
Gulab
Sherdi
Euphorbiaceae
Rosaceae
Poaceae
P
C
G
Pilu
Rain tree
Salvadoraceae
Mimosaceae
W
R
Money plant
Bala
Bhoy Ringani
Araceae
Malvaceae
Solanaceae
O
W
W
Jowar
Harero
Moras
Poaceae
Urticaceae
Chenopodiaceae
G
W
W
Jambu
Amli
Vasant
Sarpankho
Arjun Sadad
Badam
Paras Piplo
Pili Karen
Galo
Myrtaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Bignoniaceae
Papilionaceae
Combretaceae
Combretaceae
Malvaceae
Apocynaceae
Menispermaceae
P
P/R
O
W
W
P
O
O
W
Pardesi
bhangro
Typha angustata Vory Ghabajariyu
and Chaub.
Vernonia cinerea L.
Sahdevi
Vinca rosea L.
Barmasi
Vitex negundo L.
Nagod
Withania somniferum Ashwagandha
Asteraceae
W
Typhaceae
W
Asteraceae
Apocynaceae
Verbenaceae
Solanaceae
W
O
P/W/O
W
CONSULTANT :
3.34
L.
146. Xanthium strumarium Gadariyu
Asteraceae
W
L.
147. Zea mays L.
Makai
Poaceae
G
148. Zizyphus
mauritiana Bor
Rhamnaceae
W
Lam.
149. Zizyphus nummularia Bordi
Rhamnaceae
W
Burm. f.
C – Cultivated, G – Grass, O – Ornamental, P – Planted, R – Road side, W – Wild
Family wise list of plant species:
Sr.
Family
Scientific Name
No.
1. Agavaceae
Agave americana L.
2. Amaranthaceae
Achyranthus aspera L.
Alternanthera sesilis L.
3. Amaryllidaceae
Crinum asiaticum L.
4. Anacardiaceae
Mangifera indica L.
5. Annonaceae
Polyalthia longifolia Sonn.
6. Apocynaceae
Alstonia scholaris L.
Nerium indicum Mill.
Plumeria alba L.
Thevetia neriifolia Juss.
Vinca rosea L.
7. Araceae
Scindapsus aureus L.
8. Arecaceae
Borassus flabellifer L.
Caryota urens L.
Cocos nucifera L.
Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
9. Asclepiadaceae
Calotropis gigantea L.
Calotropis procera Ait.
Pergularia daemia Forsk.
10. Asteraceae
Eclipta alba L.
Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Tridax procumbens L.
Vernonia cinerea L.
Xanthium strumarium L.
11. Balanitaceae
Balanites aegyptiaca L.
12. Bignoniaceae
Tecoma stans L.f.
13. Bombacaceae
Cieba pentandra L.
14. Cactaceae
Opuntia elatior Mill.
15. Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia purpurea L.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.
Caesalpinia crista L.
Local Name
Ketaki
Andhedi
Jal jambvo
Nagdamni
Ambo
Asopalav
Saptaparni
Lal Karen
Champo
Pili Karen
Barmasi
Money plant
Tad
Shivjata
Nariyeli
Khajuri
Moto Akdo
Akdo
Chamar dhudeli
Bhangaro
Congress grass
Pardesi bhangro
Sahdevi
Gadariyu
Ingorio
Vasant
Liso Shimlo
Fafda thor
Kachnar
Galtoro
Kachaka
CONSULTANT :
3.35
Cassia auriculata L.
Cassia fistula L.
Cassia siamea Lam.
Cassia tora L.
Delonix regia L.
Parkinsonia aculeata L.
Peltophorum pterocarpum
DC.
Tamarindus indica L.
16. Cannaceae
Canna indica L.
17. Capparaceae
Capparis decidua Forsk.
18. Caricaceaee
Carica papaya L.
19. Casuarinaceae
Casuarina equisetifloia L.
20. Chenopodiaceae Suaeda fruticoasa (L) Forsk.
21. Combretaceae
Quisqualis indica L.
Terminalia catappa L.
Terminalia arjuna L.
22. Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea biloba Forsk.
Ipomoea carnea auct. Non
Jacq.
Ipomoea sp.
23. Cucurbitaceae
Coccinea grandis Voigt.
Luffa cylindrica L.
24. Cuscutaceae
Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.
25. Cyperaceae
Cyperus sp.
26. Ehretiaceae
Cordia dichotoma Forst.
Cordia gharaf Forsk.
Cordia sebestena L.
27. Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha indica L.
Emblica officinalis Gaertm.
Euphorbia hirta L.
Euphorbia neriifolia L.
Jatropha curcas L.
Jatropha gossypifolia L.
Phyllanthus fraternus Wevst.
Ricinus communis L.
28. Lamiaceae
Ocimum gratissimum L.
29. Lythraceae
Lawsonia inermis L.
30. Malvaceae
Abelmoschus manihot L.
Abutilon indicum L.
Gossypium
herbaceum
auct.Non L.
Hibiscus rosa – sinensis L.
Sida acuta Burm f.
Thespesia populnea L.
Aval
Garmalo
Kasid
Kunvadyu
Gulmohar
Rambaval
Tamrfali
Amli
Bajarbattu
Kerdo
Papaya
Saru
Moras
Madhumalti
Badam
Arjun Sadad
Maryada vel
Besharam vel
Morning glory
Tindora
Galka
Amarvel
Chiyo
Gunda
Liyal gundi
Orange cordia
Dadro
Amla
Rati dudheli
Thor
Ratanjot
Ratanjot
Bhoy Amli
Arando
Tulsi
Mehndi
Bhinda
Kansaki
Kapas
Jasud
Bala
Paras Piplo
CONSULTANT :
3.36
31. Martyniacae
32. Meliaceae
33. Menispermaceae
34. Mimosaceae
35.
36.
37.
38.
Moraceae
Moringaceae
Musaceae
Myrtaceae
39. Nyctaginaceae
40. Oleaceae
41. Papavaraceae
42. Papilionaceae
43. Periplocaceae
44. Poaceae
Martynia annua L.
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Melia azadirach L.
Cocculus hirsutus Diels.
Cocculus vilosus DG
Tinospora cordifolia Willd.
Acacia
auriculiformis
A.Cunn. ex Benth.
Acacia nilotica L.
Albizia lebbeck L.
Leucaena
leucocephala
Lam.
Pithecellobium dulce Roxb.
Prosopis juliflora Sw.
Prosopis cineraria L.
Samanea saman Jacq.
Morus alba L.
Moringa oleifera Lam.
Musa paradisiaca L.
Callestimon
lanceolatus
D.C.
Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
Psidium guajva L.
Syzygium cumini L.
Bougainvillea spectabilis L.
Boerhavia diffusa L.
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.
Argemone mexicana L.
Abrus precatorius L.
Butea monosperma Lam.
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.
Medicago sativa L.
Pongamia pinnata L.
Rhynchosia viscosa DC.
Tephrosia purpurea L.
Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
Cryptostegia grandiflora R.
Br.
Aeluropus lagopoids L
Chloris barbata Sw.
Cynodon dactylon L.
Dectyloctenium aegyptium
L.
Dendrocalamus
strictus
Nees.
Vichudo
Neem
Bakan Limdo
Vevdi
Vevdi
Galo
Australian baval
Desi Baval
Kalo Shirish
Subaval
Goras Amli
Gando baval
Khijdo
Rain tree
Setur
Saragavo
Kela
Bottle brush
Nilgiri
Jamfal
Jambu
Boganvel
Satodi
Parijat
Darudi
Chanothi
Khakhro
Guvar
Rajko
Karanj
Runchdo fagio
Sarpankho
Sisam
Rubber vel
Aaliyu
Mindadiyu
Darbh
Tarakiyu
Vans
CONSULTANT :
3.37
45.
46.
47.
48.
Pontederiaceae
Portulacaceae
Punicaceae
Rhamnaceae
49. Rosaceae
50. Rubiaceae
51. Rutaceae
52. Rutaceae
53. Salvadoraceae
54. Sapotaceae
55. Simaroubaceae
56. Solanaceae
57. Tiliaceae
58. Typhaceae
59. Ulmaceae
60. Urticaceae
61. Verbenaceae
Dicanthum
annulatum
Forsk.
Pennisetum purpureum
Pennisetum
typhoides
Staph. & Hubb.
Sorghum bicolor L.
Zea mays L.
Eichornia crassipes Mart.
Portulaca quadrifida L.
Punica granatum L.
Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.
Zizyphus nummularia Burm.
f.
Rosa indica L.
Ixora coccinea L.
Limonia asidissima L
Aegle marmelos L.
Murraya koenigii L.
Salvadora persica L.
Manilkara hexandra Roxb.
Manilkara zapota L.
Ailanthus excelsaa Roxb.
Datura metel L.
Solanum surrattense Burm. f.
Withania somniferum L.
Corchorus capsularis L.
Typha angustata Vory and
Chaub.
Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb.
Ficus benghalensis L.
Ficus benjamina L.
Ficus recemosa L.
Ficus religiosa L.
Ficus rumphii L.
Streblus asper Lour
Clerodendrum
inerme
Gaertn.
Duranta repens L.
Gmelina arborea L.
Vitex negundo L.
Lantana camara auct. Non
L.
Jinjavo
Bajari
Jowar
Makai
Jalkumbhi
Zini luni
Dadam
Bor
Bordi
Gulab
Ratinevari
Kothu
Bili
Mitho Limdo
Pilu
Rayan
Chikoo
Arduso
Dhaturo
Bhoy Ringani
Ashwagandha
Chunch
Ghabajariyu
Kanjo
Vad
Java fig
Umro
Pipalo
Pipar
Harero
Arni
Damyanti
Sevan
Nagod
Indradhanush
CONSULTANT :
3.38
Total Tree Species
Sr. no. Scientific name
1.
Acacia auriculiformis
2.
Acacia nilotica
3.
Aegle marmelos
4.
Ailanthus excelsa
5.
Albizia lebbeck
6.
Alstonia scholaris
7.
Azadirachta indica
8.
Bauhinia purpurea
9.
Butea monosperma
10.
Borassus flabellifer
11.
Callestimon lanceolatus
12.
Carica papaya
13.
Caryota urens
14.
Cassia fistula
15.
Cassia siamea
16.
Casuarina equisetifolia
17.
Cieba pentandra
18.
Cocos nucifera
19.
Cordia dichotoma
20.
Cordia gharaf
21.
Cordia sebestena
22.
Dalbergia sissoo
23.
Delonix regia
24.
Dendrocalamus strictus
25.
Emblica officinalis
26.
Eucalyptus globules
27.
Ficus benghalensis
28.
Ficus benjamina L.
29.
Ficus recemosa
30.
Ficus religiosa
31.
Ficus rumphii
32.
Gmelina arborea
33.
Holoptelea integrifolia
34.
Leucaena leucocephala
35.
Limonia asidissima
36.
Mangifera indica
37.
Manilkara hexandra
38.
Manilkara zapota
39.
Melia azadirach
40.
Moringa oleifera
41.
Morus alba
42.
Musa paradisiacal
43.
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Local name
Australian baval
Desi Baval
Bili
Arduso
Kalo Sirish
Saptaparni
Neem
Kachnar
Khakhro
Tad
Bottle Brush
Papaya
Shivjata
Garmalo
Kasid
Saru
Liso Simlo
Nariyeli
Gunda
gundi
Orange cordia
Sisam
Gulmohar
Vans
Amla
Nilgiri
Vad
Java fig
Umro
Pipalo
Pipar
Sevan
Kanjo
Subaval
Kothu
Ambo
Rayan
Chikoo
Bakan Limdo
Saragavo
Setur
Kela
Parijat
Family
Mimosaceae
Mimosaceae
Rutaceae
Simaroubaceae
Mimosaceae
Apocynaceae
Meliaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Papilionaceae
Arecaceae
Myrtaceae
Caricaceaee
Arecaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Casuarinaceae
Bombacaceae
Arecaceae
Ehretiaceae
Ehretiaceae
Ehretiaceae
Papilonaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Poaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Myrtaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Urticaceae
Verbenaceae
Ulmaceae
Mimosaceae
Ruraceae
Anacardiaceae
Sapotaceae
Sapotaceae
Meliaceae
Moringaceae
Moraceae
Musaceae
Oleaceae
CONSULTANT :
3.39
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
Peltophorum pterocarpum
Phoenix sylvestris
Pithecellobium dulce
Plumeria alba
Polyalthia longifolia
Pongamia pinnata
Prosopis cineraria
Psidium guajva
Punica granatum
Samanea saman
Streblus asper
Syzygium cumini
Tamarindus indica
Terminalia catappa
Thespesia populnea
Total Shrubs Species
Sr. no. Scientific name
1.
Balanites aegyptiaca
2.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima
3.
Caesalpinia crista
4.
Calotropis gigantean
5.
Calotropis procera
6.
Capparis deciduas
7.
Cassia auriculata
8.
Clerodendrum inerme
9.
Euphorbia neriifolia
10.
Ficus benjamina
11.
Gossypium herbaceum
12.
Hibiscus rosa – sinensis
13.
Ipomoea carnea
14.
Jatropha curcas
15.
Jatropha gossypifolia
16.
Lantana camara
17.
Lawsonia inermis
18.
Murraya koenigii
19.
Nerium indicum
20.
Opuntia elatior
21.
Parkinsonia aculeata
22.
Prosopis juliflora
23.
Ricinus communis
24.
Rosa indica
25.
Salvadora persica
26.
Tecoma stans
Tamrfali
Khajuri
Goras Amli
Champo
Asopalav
Karanj
Khijdo
Jamfal
Dadam
Rain tree
Harero
Jambu
Amli
Badam
Paras Piplo
Caesalpiniaceae
Arecaceaee
Mimosaceae
Apocynaceae
Annonaceae
Papilionaceae
Mimosaceae
Myrtaceae
Punicaceae
Mimosaceae
Urticaceae
Myrtaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Combretaceae
Malvaceae
Local name
Ingorio
Galtoro
Kachaka
Moto Akdo
Akdo
Kerdo
Aval
Arni
Thor
Java fig
Kapas
Jasud
Besharam vel vel
Ratanjot
Ratanjot
Indradhanush
Mahendi
Mitho Limdo
Karen
Fafda thor
Rambaval
Gando baval
Arando
Gulab
Pilu
Vasant
Family
Balanitaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Capparaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Verbenaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Urticaceae
Malvaceae
Malvaceae
Convolvulaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Lamiaceae
Lythraceae
Rutaceae
Apocynaceae
Cactaceae
Caesalpiniaceae
Mimosaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Rosaceae
Salvadoraceae
Bignoniaceae
CONSULTANT :
3.40
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Thevetia neriifolia
Vitex negundo
Withania somniferum
Zizyphus mauritiana
Zizyphus nummularia
Total Hurbs Species
Sr. no.
Scientific name
1.
Abelmoschus manihot
2.
Abutilon indicum
3.
Acalypha indica
4.
Achyranthus aspera
5.
Agave americana
6.
Alternanthera sessilis
7.
Argemone mexicana
8.
Boerhavia diffusa
9.
Canna indica
10.
Cassia tora
11.
Commelina benghalensis
12.
Corchorus capsularis
13.
Crimum asiaticum
14.
Cyamopsis
tetragonoloba
15.
Cyperus sp.
16.
Datura metel
17.
Duranta repens
18.
Eclipta alba
19.
Eichornia crassipes
20.
Euphorbia hirta
21.
Ixora coccinea
22.
Martynia annua
23.
Medicago sativa
24.
Ocimum gratissimum
25.
Parthenium hysterophorus
26.
Phyllanthus fraternus
27.
Portulaca quadrifida
28.
Sida acuta
29.
Suaeda fruticoasa
30.
Solanum surrattense
31.
Tephrosia purpurea
32.
Tridax procumbens
33.
Typha angustata
34.
Vernonia cinerea
35.
Vinca rosea
Pili Karen
Nagod
Ashwagandha
Bor
Bordi
Apocynaceae
Verbenaceae
Solanaceae
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae
Local name
Bhinda
Kanski
Dadro
Andhedi
Rambaan
Jal jambvo
Darudi
Satodi
Bajarbattu
Kunvadyu
Shishmuliyu
Chunch
Nagdamni
Guvar
Family
Malvaceae
Malvaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Amaranthaceae
Agavaceae
Amaranthaceae
Papavaraceae
Boraginaceae
Cannaceae
Caesapiniaceae
Commelinaceae
Tiliaceae
Amaryllidaceae
Papilionaceae
Chiyo
Dhaturo
Damyanti
Bhangro
Jalkumbhi
Rati dudheli
Ratinevari
Vichudo
Rajko
Tulsi
Congress grass
Bhoy Amli
Nani luni
Bala
Moras
Bhoy ringni
Sarpankho
Pardesi bhangro
Ghabajariyu
Sahdevi
Barmasi
Cyperaceae
Solanaceae
Verbenaceae
Asteraceae
Pontederiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Rubiaceae
Martyniacae
Papilionaceae
Lamiaceae
Asteraceae
Euphorbiaceae
Potulacaceae
Malvaceae
Chenopodiaceae
Solanaceae
Papilionaceae
Asteraceae
Typhaceae
Asteraceae
Apocynaceae
CONSULTANT :
3.41
36.
Xanthium strumarium
Total Grasses
Sr. no.
Scientific name
1.
Aeluropus lagopoids
2.
Chloris barbata
3.
Cynodon dactylon
4.
Dectyloctenium
aegyptium
5.
Dicanthum annulatum
6.
Pennisetum purpureum
7.
Pennisetum typhoides
8.
Sachcharum officinalis
9.
Sorghum bicolour
10.
Zea mays
Total Climbers
Sr. no.
Scientific name
1.
Abrus precatorius
2.
Bougainvillea spectabilis
3.
Coccinea grandis
4.
Cocculus hirsutus
5.
Cuscuta reflexa
6.
Cryptostegia grandiflora
7.
Ipomoea biloba
8.
Ipomoea carnea
9.
Ipomoea sp.
10.
Luffa cylindrical
11.
Pergularia daemia
12.
Quisqualis indica
13.
Rhynchosia viscose
14.
Scindapsus aureus
15.
Tinospora cordifolia
Gadariyu
Asteraceae
Local name
Aaliyu
Mindadiyu
Darb
Tarakiyu
Family
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Jinjavo
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Poaceae
Bajari
Sherdi
Jowar
Makai
Local name
Chanothi
Boganvel
Tindora
Vevdi
Amarvel
Rubber vel
Maryada vel
Besharam Vel
Galka
Chamar dhudeli
Madhumalti
Runchdo fagio
Money plant
Galo
Family
Papilionaceae
Nyctaginaceae
Convolvulaceae
Menispermaceae
Cuscutaceae
Periplocaceae
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae
Cucurbitaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Combretaceae
Papilionaceae
Araceae
Menispermaceae
CONSULTANT :
3.42
Table No 3.12 List of Fauna and Avifauna
Fauna
S.
Common Name
No.
1 Red
sand
Boa
chakad)
2 Jackal (Shiyal)
3 Indian Fox (Lokdi)
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Family Name
Scientific Name
(Andhadi Boidae
Eryx johnii
Canidae
Canidae
Conis aureus
Vulpes
benghalensis
Common Langur (Hanuman Cereopithecidae Presbytis
langur)
enetellus
Indian Rat Snake (Dhaman)
Colubridae
Ptyas mocosos
Checkered
Keel
back Colubridae
Xenochrophis
(Dendavo)
piscator
Common
Indian
Krait Elapidae
Bungarus
(Kadotaro)
caeruleus
Common cobra (Nag)
Elapidae
Naja naja
Pale Hedgehog (Shelo)
Erinaceidae
Paraechinus
misfopus
Common mongoose (Noliyo)
Herpestidae
Herpestes
edwardsi
Striped Hyena (Jharakh)
Hyaenidae
Hyaena hyaene
Indian Porcupine (Shahudi)
Hystricidae
Hystrix indica
Indian Hare (Sasalu)
Leporidae
Lepus nigricollis
Long Tailed Tree Mouse
Muridae
Vandeleuria
oleraceae
Indian Ratel (Ghor khodiyu)
Mustelidae
Mallivora
capensis
Indian Flying fox (Vagol)
Pteropidae
Pteropus
giganteus
Indian Cricket Frog
Ranidae
Limnonectes
limnocharis
Musk shrew (Bhukhru kasturi, Soricidae
Suncus murinus
Chhachhundar)
Indian mud or lap shell turtle Trionychidae
Lissemys
(Kacher)
punctata
Common
Indian
Monitor Varnidae
Varanus
(Ghajro, Gho, Patala Gho)
bengalensis
Avifauna
Sr.
Common name
Scientific Name
no.
1. Ashy
crowned Eremopterix
sparrow lark
grisea
2. Ashy prinia
Prinia socialis
Family
Alaudidae
Silvidae
Status
R
R
CONSULTANT :
3.43
3. Asian koel
4. Bank myna
5. Black drongo
6. Black ibis
7. Black winged stilt
8. Black-shouldered
kite
9. Blue rock pigeon
10. Brahminy starling
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
Eudynamis
scolopacea
Acridotheres
ginginianus
Dicrurus
macrocercus
Pseudibis
papillosa
Himantopus
himantopus
Elanus caeruleus
Columba livia
Sturnus
pagodarum
Cattle egret
Bubulcus ibis
Common babbler Turdoides
caudatus
Common coot
Fulica atra
Common golden Chrysocolaptis
backed
festivus
woodpecker
Common hoopoe Upapa epops
Common myna
Acridotheres
tristis
Common swallow
Hirundo rustica
Common
Tephrodornis
woodshrike
pondicerianus
Coppersmith
Megalaima
barbet
haemacephala
Eurasian
collard Streptopelia
dove
decaocto
Eurasian
golden Oriolus oriolus
oriole
Eurasian spoonbill
Platalea
leucorodia
Greater coucal
Centropus
sinensis
House crow
Corvus splendens
House sparrow
Passer
domesticus
Indian peafowl
Pavo cristatus
Indian pond heron Ardeola grayii
Indian Robin
Saxicoloides
fulicata
Cuculidae
R
Sturnidae
R
Dicruridae
R
Threskiornithidae
R
Recurvirostridae
R
Accipitridae
R
Columbidae
Sturnidae
R
R
Ardeidae
Muscicapidae
R,M
R
Rallidae
Picidae
RM
R
Upupidae
Sturnidae
RM
R
Hirundinidae
Corvidae
RM
R
Megalaimidae
R
Columbidae
R
Oriolidae
RM
Threskiornithidae
RM
Centropodidae
R
Corvidae
Passeridae
R
R
Phasianidae
Ardeidae
Muscicapidae
R
R
R
CONSULTANT :
3.44
29. Indian short toed Calandrella
lark
raytal
30. Jungle crow
Corvus
macrorhyncos
31. Large egret
Casmerodius
albus
32. Large
grey Turdoides
babbler
malcolmi
33. Lesser
pied Ceryle ludis
kingfisher
34. Little brown dove
Streptopelia
senegalensis
35. Little cormorant
Phalacrocorax
niger
36. Little egret
Egretta garzetta
37. Little grebe
Tachybabtus
ruficollis
38. Oriental
magpie Copsychus
robin
saularis
39. Oriental white ibis
Threskiornis
melanocephalus
40. Pariah kite
Milvus migrans
41. Purple heron
Ardea purpurea
42. Purple sunbird
Nectarinia
asiatica
43. Red vented bulbul Pycnonotus
cafer
44. Red
wattled Vanellus indicus
lapwing
45. River tern
Sterna aurantia
46. Rose
ringed Psittacula
parakeet
krameri
47. Rufous
backed Lanis schach
shrike
48. Shikra
Accipiter badius
49. Small bee eater
Merops orientalis
50. Small
blue Alcedo atthis
kingfisher
51. Spot-billed duck
Anas
poeciloryncha
52. Syke’s crested lark Galerida deva
53. White
breasted Halcyon
kingfisher
smyrnensis
54. White
breasted Amourornis
water-hen
phoenicurcus
Alaudidae
R
Corvidae
R
Ardeidae
RM
Muscicapidae
R
Cerylidae
R
Columbidae
R
Phalacrocoracidae
RM
Ardeidae
Podicipitidae
R
R
Muscicapidae
R
Threskiornithidae
R
Accipitridae
Ardeidae
Nectarinidae
R
RM
R
Pycnonotidae
R
Charadridae
R
Laridae
Psittacidae
R
R
Daniidae
R
Accipitridae
Meropidae
Alcedinidae
R
R
RM
Anatidae
RM
Alaudidae
Dacelonidae
Rallidae
R
R
RM
CONSULTANT :
3.45
55. White eared bulbul Pycnonotus
leucotis
56. White wagtail
Motacilla alba
57. Wire tailed swallow Hirundo smithii
58. Yellow
crowned Dendrocopos
woodpecker
mahrattensis
59. Yellow wagtail
Motacilla flava
60. Yellow
wattled Vanellus
lapwing
malabaricus
Pycnonotidae
R
Passeridae
Hirundinidae
Picidae
RM
R
R
Passeridae
Charadridae
RM
R
The information about the Fauna and Avifauna were observed and
recorded with naked eye or with binocular or with the references of local
peoples.
Based on data obtain, it could be stated that there are 58 Tree species [T],
31 Shrub species [S], 36 Herb species [H], 10 grass species [G] and 15
Climber/Creeper [C] species. One parasites viz. Cuscuta reflexa were also
noticed. Total 149 plant species were recorded. As can be seen from the
list of species they belong to 61 different families. Most of the species
recorded are common. Birds and animals are also common.
3.10 SOCIO ECONMICS
3.10.1 Introduction
This study was conducted in 21 villages of Khambat block of Anand district
in the State of Gujarat in order to assess socio-economic impact on local
communities in the context of a proposed industrial unit.
M/s Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. has intended to establish the unit for the
manufacturing of speciality chemicals. The final product of the industry will
be synthetic organic specialty chemicals used for the water treatment
facilities and swimming pools.
The proposed project is coming up at, Village Neja, District Khambhat,
Gujarat State. The co-ordinate of the site is 22°20'48.03"N & 72°35'47.76"E.
For the proposed project the land bearing S. No. 382, has been acquired
by Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd.
The study was conducted using both quantitative methods viz. survey and
qualitative method viz. focus group discussion. During the assessment local
CONSULTANT :
3.46
communities actively participated in group discussions by sharing their
views, ideas, expectations and grievances with the assessment team. The
community was encouraged to articulate and prioritise their needs. The
tools used in the needs assessment process were
A comprehensive village data collection questionnaire

A Focused Group Discussion (FGD) guideline separately for
men and women groups s

A infrastructure verification checklist
3.10.2 Impact Areas
Looking to the nature, size and operation process of the industry the
possible socio-economic impact areas are as follows –
Impact on accessibility to safe drinking water due to probable
contamination from raw materials and leakages during handling of
effluent
Health impact originated from water contamination, air pollution due to
dust particles originated from vehicular movement, gaseous elements
Impact on agricultural production and productivity due to water and soil
contamination
Positive and negative impact on employment generation, wage rates
and livelihood opportunities
CONSULTANT :
3.47
Focused discussion and community meetings
Drinking water and sanitation scenario
The overall responsibility of drinking water supply is of Gujarat Water Supply
and Sewerage Board but, for internal distribution, operation and
maintenance is mainly an affair grampanchayats.
The overall drinking
CONSULTANT :
3.48
water accessibility is better in the villages. The following table provides the
overall drinking water scenario in the villages surveyed.
Table No 3.13 Sources and accessibility to drinking water
Water availability
Round
the
year
Source
No. of
Percent
villages
age
Only
A few month
No
in
monsoon
%
.
% age
No.
age
Pipe line
21
100
17
80.95
4
19.05
Dug well
6
28.57
2
33.33
4
66.67
Bore well 5
23.81
4
80
1
20
19.05
2
50
1
25
No.
%age
1
25
Water
Hand
pump
4
This was found that water pipeline is available in all the surveyed villages.
In addition to the pipeline a few villages have alternative sources of water
also. In six villages dug well, in five villages bore well and in four villages’
handpum is available in addition to water pipe lines. However, water is
available only in 17 villages round the year. Further, this is also need to be
inquired to what proportion of population is access to water through pip
line.
As observed, drinking water in the villages is supplied through pipeline
which is drawn from ground water. Any contamination in the surface
water may infiltrate to groundwater level. Community has reported poor
quality of drinking water which may be further deteriorated due to any
type of contamination. At present villages do not have any process of
water testing and purification except chlorination in some villages.
Absence of proper drainage system in most of the villages and lack of
proper maintenance in the villages where drainage system is exists is also
a probable factor for possibilities of contamination if any leakage occurs.
CONSULTANT :
3.49
Any impact on drinking water and thereby on public health system can
be tackled with following types of action –
A primary assessment of drinking water quality in each project fringe
villages including laboratory testing, leakages in pipelines and possibility of
contamination
1. Regular monitoring of drinking water supply system, quality
parameters and apply proper purification measures
2. Construction of drainage system and proper maintenance of the
same to prevent any contamination likely to arise from jam and
water logging in the drainage
Village- Neja
Public healthcare scenario
The public healthcare service started with ICDS scheme runs through
anganwadis at villages which primarily deals with preventive healthcare
and nutritional health. This has been observed that anganwadi is available
within the village in all the studied villages. However, not the entire
population is using the facility in any of the villages. The following table
provides proportion of population using anganwadi. The other public
healthcare services available are as stated in the table belowTable 3.14 Access to public healthcare services
Within village <5Km
Health sub-centre
%age of village
5-10KM
>10KM
3
5
8
5
14.3
23.8
38.1
23.8
CONSULTANT :
3.50
PHC
1
6
8
6
%age of village
4.76
28.57
38.1
28.57
Private doctors
2
6
10
3
%age of village
9.52
28.57
47.62
14.29
The quality of services in health sub-centres was reported to be good in
nearly in half of the villages in terms of regularity, treatment and
effectiveness. The amenities and infrastructure was reported average and
below in more than half of the villages. This was observed that people in
large dependent on PHC for major diseases. Through group discussions it
was found that people prefer sub-centre or para-medical or ayurvedic
practitioner and for critical diseases prefer to go to a private doctor.
People in most of the villages are not happy with the service of the PHC.
The quality of services specially refers to the formalities and long queues of
patients, behaviour of staff and other support services. People shared that
due to long queues they often have to return from PHC without getting a
chance to meet the doctor – it is very time consuming to access services
of PHCs. This is why people prefer to visit a private doctor than going to a
PHC.
However, accessibility and services of private doctors is also not up to the
mark. In most of the villages private doctors are available within 10km from
the villages. However, not all the private practitioners possess a MBBS
degree, but a BAMS degree, who are permitted only to practice
ayurvedic treatments. Still, people in the area prefer private practitioners
due to easy access and to avoid queues and formalities in government
hospitals. The project may have an impact on respiratory infections,
occupational hazourds and water born diseases. In this context to tackle
such conditions the public healthcare services need to be strengthened in
following ways 
This indicates that quality of services and infrastructure need to be
improved in most of the villages especially in anganwadis and subcentres.
CONSULTANT :
3.51




Healthcare awareness need to be generated in communities for
avoidance of negligence to health problems, treatment with
paramedics, self medication and incompletion of medication
courses.
The availability of doctors, paramedical staff, equipments and
services at PHC need to be improved for increasing satisfaction
level of people
The administrative services need to be improved in PHCs for better
accessibility, communication, amenities and to manage long
queues in the hospitals
Practices of unlicensed private doctors need to be regulated and
awareness in public need to generated about differences of
training among BAMS, MMBS and paramedics
Scenario of Livelihood and Employment
This was observed that agriculture is the major occupation in majority of
villages in which 66-80% households are engaged in half of the villages.
Dairy is the second highly employing occupation which is undertaken by
20-50% of households in half of the villages and more than that in the rest.
Wage labour is also a supplementary occupation taken by 36-50%
households in more than half of the villages. Industrial labour, government
& private jobs, and small villages are not adopted by more than 20%
almost in all the villages. This was observed that in most of the villages
more than 75% of area under cultivation is un-irrigated. This was observed
that in most of the villages more than 50 buffalo is available and less than
50 cows are available. Looking to the size of the villages, these numbers
are quite less in comparison to other areas. The major problem behind
underdevelopment of the dairy sector in the area is shortage of fodder
and poor water quality as shared by local community. However, dairy
cooperatives are available in eighteen villages. Milk collection in peak
period varies from 70 to 400 liters depending upon number of milch
animals.
The scenario of livelihood shows that agriculture is the major occupation
but mainly rain-fed. Irrigation facilities are limited and poorly maintained.
Even though dairy is a secondary occupation it is underdeveloped in
CONSULTANT :
3.52
comparison to other places of the state due to unavailability of fodder
and poor water quality. Economic conditions of the household are
therefore low in comparison to the other part of the state. Wage labour
plays a crucial role in household income as nearly 50% of the household
one or other person is engaged in wage labour.
In such scenario stress on water resource may further impoverish the
agriculture based livelihood system. However, as the proposed industry
has limited stress on the natural resources especially water and soil it will
bring positive changes in economic conditions of the people through
direct and indirect employment generation. Wage rate in the area is also
low due to surplus labour and underperforming agriculture sector.
Therefore, minimum wage rate for industrial labour will improve the
economic conditions of the people getting wage employment in the
industry. Depending upon number of employees and auxiliary services
required for the industry wage employment will also be generated in the
subsector viz. small shops, transportation, workshops etc for a limited
number of households.
For better wage employment in the area, the following actions needed to
be taken –

Technical skill building of local wage labouer as required for the
industry viz. wielding, fitting, plumbing etc.

Linkages with bank and government schemes for facilitating
finance for development of small business by the locales

Development
of
adequate
safety
parameters
to
tackle
occupational hazard and provide insurance services to the wage
labourers
Employability
Beyond
wage
employment,
for
employment
in
technical
and
administrative works employability of local youth is an important issue.
Proportion of people with technical education and higher education is
CONSULTANT :
3.53
very less in the area. Facilities for education from the primary level to the
higher education level are also not satisfactory in the area.
This was observed that primary schools are available within village in all
the surveyed villages; senior secondary school in four villages and college
in one village. No ITI is located in the area. This was found that in majority
of the villages children have to travel more than five kilometers to access
educational
facilities beyond primary level. People during group
discussion shared that poor transportation facilities is affecting parents’
interest in educating their children beyond primary level. The girl child
education is especially affected due to poor accessibility to secondary
school. The table below shows the adequacy of teachers against number
of students in schools.
This was observed that in more than half of the primary schools teachers
are not in adequate numbers and in secondary schools three out of four
schools teachers are not in proportion to the students. Due to various
social problems and at institutional factors many eligible children are
reported to be out of school in every village. Looking to the poor
educational scenario and lack of institution for technical institutions, it is
can be inferred that employability of the local youths is not of the desired
level. For any employment generation for the local youths beyond wage
employment, the employability level of youths to be improved. For this
purpose the following actions needed to be taken –

Strengthen the education system from primary level to higher
secondary with coordination of education department

Quality of education at schools needed to be improved through
consultation with teachers and participation of parents

Student needed to be oriented for career opportunities in different
sector in their own locality

Establish technical educational institutions viz. ITI in coordination with
respective authority
CONSULTANT :
3.54

Technical skill building of local youths in probable areas of
employment
Conclusion
The proposed industry is a SME (Small and Medium Enterprise) size and its
direct impact on the society and local community may be less. But
cumulative impact, positive or negative will obviously be high if numbers
of such industries grows up in the area. Therefore, impact areas especially
water, health and employment needed be taken seriously and proper
mitigation plan needed to be prepared. This study primarily recommends
for the following action for reducing negative impacts and dissemination
of positive impacts to larger population –

Any stress on surface or ground water level need to be tackled
immediately since it has very close relation to agriculture which is
the major employment provider

Drinking water supply system and quality management system need
to be strengthened

Drainage system need to be strengthened to prevent any
contamination of water and soil due jam and water logging

Public healthcare system needed to be strengthened especially at
PHC level in order to tackle any

Technical education and skill trainings needed to be promoted for
better employability of local youths so that they and Trion both get
in win-win position.
3.10.3 Road Map to Development
The TRION Chemicals plans to initiate CSR activities in the 21 villages of
Khambat taluka. The aim of this CSR initiative would be to improve the
standard of living of atleast 70% of the people in these 21 villages. The
focus would be to provide increased access to basic services like
infrastructure development, sanitation, education and health for all
CONSULTANT :
3.55
households. Livelihood opportunities both in agriculture and non-farm
would be promoted ensuring increase in real incomes by at least 50% by
the end of five years.
A three pronged approach to the same would be followed

Improve quality of education

Promotion of Sustainable Livelihood Activities

Rural Infrastructure Development
The strategy would be to work with local gram panchayat for planning
and development of infrastructure, while user groups will be created
operation and maintenance of these structures. TRION Chemical would
provide around 80% of the capital cost of the structures, while the
respective Panchayat would be supported to raise the funds through
various government schemes and community contribution. It is also
proposed that a user fee based maintenance mechanism would be
developed for all infrastructure created. A special focus will be given on
providing training on skill development programs to increase employability
for building the capacities of the communities on local governance; SHGs
of women; Youth Clubs and Farmers Societies will be promoted and
strengthened.
Activities to be Initiated
The following activities can done by preparing the micro-plans at the
village level
and get it approved
by GRAMSABHA and GRAM
PANCHAYAT, so that the same can be taken up by the R&B department in
their planning. This will be a slow process but this will surely give them a
roadmap.
Infrastructure Development

Repair and maintenance of approach roads to the villages. The
incomplete internal roads should be constructed. Waste disposal
system and drainage system for waste water disposal

Promote
soil-moisture
conservation
practices
through
adequate
infrastructures viz. check dams, contour bunds and farm ponds etc
CONSULTANT :
3.56

Construct
and
encourage
individual
toilets
by
linking
with
government’s sanitation programmes

Erect street lights and ensure total coverage

Construct additional classrooms, where proportion of classrooms to
students is less. Also provide adequate furniture and other facilities viz.
bench, desk, blackboard, drinking water, fan and sport facilities

Provide and upgrade the
basic infrastructure in anganwadi viz.
compound wall, sports and education facilities
Improving the quality of education
a. Internal education facilities

Encourage extra-curricular activities in the schools by developing
library and providing learning materials, where the children can
learn through play way methods.

Ensure proper utilization of televisions by providing educational and
informative educational CDs & video in the regional language for
better learning by the children.

Ensure that every child get an opportunity to learn computer skills

Ensure community participation to improve the quality of education
in schools and ensure active participation of the community
members in School Management Committees.
b. Promote girl child education

Promote
girl
child
education
by
providing
incentives
e.g.
Scholarships, school Bags, uniform, bicycles etc.

Provide additional scholarship to girl child and link government
scheme for better utilization and effectiveness.

Provide special exposure to parents of girl child and encourage
them to allow their child to pursue higher education.

Organize personality development courses and competitions
exclusively for girls.
c. Promote career oriented higher education
CONSULTANT :
3.57

The students pursuing their secondary education must be informed
about the various career opportunities available.

Provide after school care or additional classes for students of
secondary schools

Provide
extra
classes
to
help
them
prepare
for
competitive
examinations after secondary education.

Encourage participation in sports and exchange programmes for the
overall growth and development of the students.

Organize inter school events like essay writing, quiz, debates etc
through develop their cognitive ability.

Organize periodic career/Job counselling camps.
Improve livelihood and employment opportunities
a. Introduce improved Agriculture and Animal husbandry practices

Introduce latest technology to increase the agricultural productivity
and income. Organize training and exposure visits to create awareness
and promote use of improved seeds and technologies.

Encourage farmers to adopt high yield varieties of crops; promote dairy
along with agriculture as a secondary source of livelihood.

Encourage, train and support youths for taking up dairy farming as a
commercial activity.

Promote development of fodder plots in common and wastelands

Introduce Organic Farming and Vermi Compost in the area and also
create awareness amongst the community members.

Promote surface water to reduce the salinity in the areas. Soil
amendment measures such as gypsum coating can also be adopted
and promoted for tackling the problem.
b. Skill Development to increase employability

Increase employability among youths by imparting technical / work
skills in the areas of wielding, fitting, plumbing etc.
CONSULTANT :
3.58

Organize soft skill training for youth for personality development and
confidence building

Train village youths in the skill areas based on the needs and
requirements of the local industries. This would help the youth secure
jobs immediately after the training.
CONSULTANT :
3.59
Photo Documentation
Ground Water Sampling at Jhalapur
Soil sampling at Jhalapur Village
Village
Surface water sampling near Neja
Soil sampling at Lunej Village
Village
Ambient air location
Ground water sampling at Khambhat
CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 4
4.1
CHAPTER – 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION
MEASURES
4.1 INTRODUCTION:
Baseline environmental conditions of the proposed project site as well as study
area have been described at sections 3.2 through 3.9 of Chapter 3. An attempt
has been made to identify the impacts due to proposed project on the existing
environmental conditions and evaluation.
1.
Identification and evaluation of the impacts which are likely to occur
due to proposed project is an important aspect of Environmental Impact
Studies.
Among
the
various
methods
available
for
the
impact
identification i.e. checklist, matrices, network, overlay, cause-effect
diagram etc., matrix method has been used for identification of the
potential environmental impacts due to proposed project.
2. An attempt has been made to identify the probable environmental
impacts due to different project components involved in the proposed
project
by
establishing
cause-effect
relationship
through
impact
identification matrix as given at Table 4.1
Different activities involved in completion of each project phase has been listed
at section 4.2 whereas, section 4.3 gives a list of environmental attributes which
are anticipated to be affected due to the proposed project.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.2
4.2
IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES:
Overall project has been divided into two phases, namely
A. Construction Phase
B. Operation Phase
The activities identified for project under each phases are:
A. Construction Phase
1. Excavation
2. Foundation & Civil work
3. Transportation
of
construction materials, equipments
&
machineries
4. Installation of equipments & machineries
B. Operation Phase
1. Raw Material storage and handling
2. Plant & Utilities operation
3. Hazardous waste handling and management
4. Green belt development
4.3
IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES :
Environmental attributes likely to be affected due to activities involved in
different components of different phases are:
1. Water quantity
2. Water quality
3. Air quality
4. Noise
5. Terrestrial ecology
6. Socio-economic environment
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.3
7. Occupational health & Safety
4.4
IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX
Impact identification matrix has been developed, which establishes the causeeffect relationship between activities of the project and the environmental
attributes as identified at 4.2 & 4.3 respectively. The same has been presented at
Table 4.1
Table No: 4.1 Impact Identification Matrix
ENVIRONMENTAL
ATTRIBUTES
PROJECT
ACTIVITY
Excavation
Foundation &
Civil work
Transportation
of construction
materials and
equipments /
machineries
Installation of
machineries /
equipments
Raw Material
storage &
handling
Plant & Utilities
operations
Hazardous
waste handling
and
management
Green belt
development
Land
Environment
Water
quantity
Water
quality
Air
quality
Noise
Terrestrial
Ecology
Socioeconomic
Environment
6
Occupational
health and
safety
7
1
2
3
4
5
X
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
X
X
X
X
X
-
X
X
X
X
-
-
-
X
X
-
X
-
X
-
-
-
X
-
X
-
--
-
OPERATION PHASE
X
X
-
X
X
--
X
X
X
X
-
X
X
--
-
X
X
-
-
-
X
X
X
-
X
X
X
X
-
X
8
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.4
4.5 IMPACT ASSESSMENT:
For the identified impact for each of the environmental attribute due to various
activities of the proposed project based on cause effect relationship,
assessment in terms of its significance to surrounding environment, which has
been presented at Table 4.2.
Table No: 4.2 Impact Evaluation Matrix
ENVIRONMENTAL
ATTRIBUTES
PROJECT
Water
Water
Air
Noise
Terrestrial
Socio-
Occupational
Land
quantity
quality
quality
4
Ecology
economic
health and
Environ
1
2
3
5
Environment
safety
mnet
6
7
8
ACTIVITY
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Excavation
--
--
0
Foundation &
Civil work
Transportation of
construction
materials and
equipments /
machineries
Installation of
machineries /
equipments
0
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
0
--
--
---
OPERATION PHASE
Raw Material
storage &
handling
Plant & Utilities
operations
Hazardous waste
handling and
management
Green belt
development
--
--
--
-
0
0
0
0
--
--
---
--
---
0
--
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.5
NOTATIONS / SYMBOLS
0
Insignificant impact
Major negative impact
Minor negative impact
Major positive impact
Minor positive impact
4.5.1
Impact on Water Environment
4.5.1.1 Water Quantity
In the proposed project, the water will be required during construction and
operation phases, which will be taken from the tankers and the borewell
respectively.
During construction phase, marginal quantity of water will be required, while
during operation phase of the project, the estimated requirement of fresh water
quantity is @ 43 KLD, whereas @ 197 KLD water recovered from MVC will be
utilized . As the major quantity of water is to be recycled, there will be
insignificant impact of water usage on water resources during the operation
phase. Moreover, the unit is also proposing the rain water harvesting structure as
well as recharging borewells for the harvested rain water. Hence, the overall
impact on water quantity due to proposed project will be insignificant.
4.5.1.2 Water Quality
During the operation phase, there will be generation of @ 266 KLD effluents,
which will be mainly containing of process water having sodium chloride
solution. The entire effluent quantity will be fed to MVC after providing necessary
primary treatment. Water recovered from the MVC will be used in the process
and other activities within the premises, whereas the dry salt generated from the
MVC will be sold out as by-product to potential users.
In absence of any direct discharge of effluent into environmental sink, there will
not be any adverse impact on water quality of the region. However, 65 KLD
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.6
water (60 KLD recycled and 5 KLD fresh) is to be used for gardening / plantation
purpose within premises, which will penetrate through ground and may affect
ground water quality in long run.
Some of the mitigation measures to minimize the likely environmental impacts on
water environment, due to operation of the proposed project are described
below :
Sr. Environmental
No.
Attribute
1
Water
Mitigation Measure










Optimum use of water shall be done for construction
activities required for proposed project.
Record of water consumption to be maintained
through providing water meter at strategic location
Any wastages/leakages shall be avoided at all
possible locations / opportunities.
Proper handling of spillages if any shall be ensured by
introducing spill control procedures for various
chemicals.
Water usage shall be carefully monitored and re-use
shall be maximized to the extent possible.
Proper facilities for storage of raw materials (i.e. with
roof and pucca floor) shall be provided to prevent
storm water contamination during the storage of
various raw materials.
Operation of MVC will be reviewed periodically for
ascertaining its efficiency and quality of recovered
water for its further use.
Monitored data shall be analyzed and reviewed at
regular intervals and compared with the operating
standards so as to take necessary corrective actions.
Enough care shall be taken to prevent any leakages /
accidental spillages from ETP units in order to avoid
any ground water resource contamination.
The regular environment monitoring shall be carried
out through established laboratory and the same
practice will be continued.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.7
4.5.2 Impact on Air Environment
Impacts on air environment during construction phase are likely to occur mainly
due to dusting and air borne particles of construction materials. As there will be
moderate construction work to be carried out, the impact will be for shorter
period of time and will return to its original condition with the passage of time.
Vehicular traffic associated with the construction as well as operation phase of
the project for transportation of raw materials and finished products lead to
increased concentration of PM, NOx, SO2, CO, HC due exhaust emissions, from
their original concentration in surrounding environment. However, this effect will
remain localized near to the plant site during the time of vehicular movement
only. The concentrations will return to its original state with the passage of time.
Hence, the impact on air environment during construction phase will be
temporary and reversible in nature.
The unit has proposed to install natural gas based Thermic fluid heater and Hot
air generator to meet with the steam requirement for production as well as
thermal destruction of effluent stream. Hence, the expected pollutant from the
operation phase will be NOx only.
Fugitive emissions are likely to occur only during leak from pumps, valves and
pipes or leak / spill from storage vessels/facilities.
The anticipated sources of process emissions from the proposed project are flash
dryer, granulator and filtration system having pollutants PM and Cl 2. The unit has
proposed suitable air pollution control measures (Alkali scrubber and Bag filter)
to curb the pollutants at source. Hence, impacts associated from operational
phase of the plant will be adverse and of minor significance.
To evaluate the impacts of gaseous emissions on air quality, air pollution
dispersion modeling has been carried out and described in following sub
sections.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.8
4.5.2.1 Air Pollution Dispersion Modeling of Stack Emissions
The objective of air pollution dispersion modelling is to predict the ground level
concentration (GLC) for SO2, NOx, Particulate Matter and Chlorine (Cl) during
operation of the proposed stacks and its impact on ambient air quality of the
area. The ground level concentrations (GLC) of pollutants have been
computed using Lakes Environments computer simulation model ISCST3 Short
Term Model developed by USEPA and as per guidelines stipulated by Central
Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.
Methodology
Prediction of GLC values are carried out by using Lakes environment’s Industrial
Source Complex Short Term Model Version–3 (ISCST-3) software. This model uses
a steady state, sector-averaged Gaussain plume equation for application in
complex terrain (i.e. terrain stack or release height) and is run using stability
classes developed by Pasquill and Gifford.
The various source veriable were considered such as Height of Stack,
Temperature, flue gas Velocity, Diameter of Stack and Fuel type and loading
rate.
Following are the assumptions made while using the model:
 The flue gas volumetric rates & source strength was calculated based on
the ultimate analysis of the fuel and its loading rate. Excess air has also
been added to the actual air requirement for combustion. Emission Load
for the Process emission was calculated using emission factor retrieved
from EPA’s WebFIRE (Factor Information Retrieval System). Details about
proposed stack are presented at Table 2-14 in chapter 2 Project
description.

The terrain of the study area was considered as FLAT with no flag pole.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.9

The earth surface acts as a perfect reflector of plume and negligible
physic-chemical processes like no dry and wet depletion and chemical
transformation of pollutants.

Emission rates from the point sources were considered as constant during
the entire period.

The mixing height for the region from CPCB’s publication “Atlas of Hourly
Mixing Height & Assimilative capacity of Atmosphere in India has been
considered in the model”.

Stability class was evaluated based on solar insolation and cloud cover.

Meteorological data for the project area has been obtained for a period
starting from March 2012 to May 2012.
Dispersion Modeling Results
The results of the air quality modeling conducted for summer season period
between March 2012 to May 2012 can be summarized as:
24 hourly Ground Level Concentrations
The 24 hourly average ground level concentration (GLC) values have been
computed for SO2, NOx, PM and Cl considering topographical features around
the proposed plant.
Proposed Scenario
The maximum 24 hourly average GLC values for SO2, NOx, PM and Cl for
proposed scenario are given in Table 4-4, Table 4-5, Table 4-6 and Table 4-7,
respectively. Isopleths for 24 hourly predicted values for SO2, NOx, PM and Cl for
proposed scenario are generated which are shown in Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2,
Figure 4-3 and Figure 4-4 respectively.
Meteorological data was processed in WRPLOT view and windrose diagram for
the area has been generated and it was observed that due to the coastal sea
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.10
breeze effect the Pre-dominant wind direction is from West direction during
morning hours and from South West direction during evening hours with 3.58 %
calm condition and the average wind speed is 3.15 m /sec.
It may be noted from the computed results for the proposed scenario that the
maximum 24 hourly average GLC’s value for proposed scenario as 0.0019
g/m3 for SO2, 0.329 g/m3 for Nox, 0.322 g/m3 for Particulate Matter and
0.138 g/m3 Chlorine (Cl). These GLC’s are expected to occur at a distance of
900 m from the source towards the East (E) direction for SO2 and NOx, 100 m
from the source towards the South East (SE) direction for Particulate Matter and
Chlorine (Cl).
The maximum incremental GLCs due to the proposed project for PM, SO2 and
NOx are superimposed on the baseline concentrations recorded during the
study period to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations after implementation
of the proposed plant. However, Cl detected below detection limit at all station
during the study period. Detection limit for Cl is 5µg/m3 and highest Incremental
value is 0.138 g/m3 so, cumulative concentrations values will remain below the
detection limit.
The cumulative concentrations (baseline + incremental) of the project is
tabulated below in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3 Resultant Concentration Value
Location
Baseline Average
Value
Incremental
Value
Resultant Value
Particulate Matter µg/m3 (Permissible Limit :100 µg/m3)
Paldi
70.73
0.004
70.734
Khambhat
70.00
0.020
70.020
site
66.78
0.246
67.026
Neja
71.95
0.122
72.072
Jhalapur
69.73
0.017
69.747
Lunej
71.45
0.008
71.458
SO2 µg/m3(Permissible Limit :80 µg/m3)
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.11
Paldi
8.92
0.0001
8.9201
Khambhat
9.01
0.0006
9.0106
site
9.09
0.0008
9.0908
Neja
9.39
0.0020
9.3920
Jhalapur
11.53
0.0004
11.5304
Lunej
10.23
0.0003
10.2303
NOx µg/m3(Permissible Limit :80 µg/m3)
Paldi
13.16
0.008
13.168
Khambhat
14.26
0.106
14.366
site
12.01
0.125
12.135
Neja
14.77
0.328
15.098
Jhalapur
16.8
0.062
16.862
Lunej
16.27
0.041
16.311
The predicted GLC values for SO2, NOx and PM10 have been added to the
background levels to determine the resultant value. As it evident from the Table
4, the resultant concentration values remain well below the prescribed NAAQS
at all AAQM locations, indicating that the impact on the ambient air quality will
be insignificant.
Further, it is emphasized that all the emission have to be strictly controlled as
mentioned in the mitigation measure.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.12
Table 4.4: 24 hr Predicted GLC of SO2 (µg/m3) due to proposed project
Direction
(Degrees)
DISTANCE (metres)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0
0.0000
0.0003
0.0008
0.0010
0.0012
0.0013
0.0013
0.0014
0.0013
10
0.0000
0.0002
0.0005
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
20
0.0000
0.0004
0.0009
0.0010
0.0010
0.0009
0.0009
30
0.0000
0.0005
0.0011
0.0012
0.0011
0.0009
0.0008
40
0.0000
0.0007
0.0014
0.0018
0.0018
0.0018
50
0.0000
0.0007
0.0014
0.0018
0.0018
60
0.0000
0.0005
0.0008
0.0009
70
0.0000
0.0004
0.0007
0.0008
80
0.0000
0.0005
0.0009
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
10000
0.0013
0.0008
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0002
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0009
0.0008
0.0008
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0007
0.0006
0.0006
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0018
0.0017
0.0016
0.0014
0.0008
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0001
0.0018
0.0018
0.0017
0.0016
0.0014
0.0008
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0001
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0005
0.0005
0.0004
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0006
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0008
0.0007
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
90
0.0000
0.0006
0.0012
0.0013
0.0014
0.0017
0.0018
0.0019
0.0020
0.0020
0.0013
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0003
100
0.0000
0.0006
0.0010
0.0010
0.0007
0.0006
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
110
0.0000
0.0003
0.0007
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0007
0.0007
0.0004
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
120
0.0000
0.0004
0.0008
0.0011
0.0010
0.0008
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
130
0.0000
0.0008
0.0014
0.0015
0.0014
0.0013
0.0012
0.0012
0.0012
0.0011
0.0006
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
140
0.0000
0.0008
0.0014
0.0015
0.0014
0.0013
0.0012
0.0012
0.0012
0.0011
0.0006
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
150
0.0000
0.0004
0.0009
0.0011
0.0009
0.0008
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
160
0.0000
0.0003
0.0007
0.0008
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0006
0.0005
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
170
0.0000
0.0002
0.0005
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
180
0.0000
0.0002
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
190
0.0000
0.0005
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
200
0.0000
0.0007
0.0012
0.0011
0.0010
0.0011
0.0011
0.0011
0.0011
0.0011
0.0009
0.0007
0.0006
0.0005
0.0003
210
0.0000
0.0006
0.0010
0.0010
0.0009
0.0008
0.0006
0.0006
0.0005
0.0005
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
220
0.0000
0.0006
0.0012
0.0012
0.0012
0.0011
0.0010
0.0008
0.0007
0.0007
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
230
0.0000
0.0006
0.0010
0.0011
0.0012
0.0011
0.0010
0.0008
0.0007
0.0006
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
240
0.0000
0.0003
0.0005
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
250
0.0000
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
260
0.0000
0.0003
0.0006
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0002
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.13
Direction
(Degrees)
DISTANCE (metres)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
270
0.0000
0.0005
0.0009
0.0010
0.0009
0.0007
0.0006
0.0004
0.0004
280
0.0000
0.0003
0.0006
0.0006
0.0005
0.0004
0.0003
0.0003
290
0.0000
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
0.0002
0.0003
300
0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
310
0.0000
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0001
320
0.0000
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
330
0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
340
0.0000
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
350
0.0000
0.0002
0.0005
0.0006
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
10000
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0005
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.14
Table 4-5: 24 hr Predicted GLC of NOx (µg/m3) due to proposed project
100
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
200
0.049
0.038
0.071
0.088
0.118
0.115
300
0.125
0.080
0.151
0.187
0.230
0.230
400
0.166
0.093
0.170
0.201
0.289
0.289
500
0.194
0.079
0.166
0.182
0.293
0.293
600
0.212
0.066
0.156
0.156
0.300
0.300
DISTANCE (metres)
700
800
900
0.222
0.225
0.221
0.057
0.050
0.044
0.147
0.140
0.134
0.134
0.118
0.106
0.292
0.276
0.258
0.292
0.276
0.258
1000
0.214
0.040
0.128
0.096
0.239
0.239
2000
0.128
0.019
0.082
0.047
0.130
0.130
3000
0.085
0.012
0.062
0.031
0.083
0.083
4000
0.067
0.009
0.049
0.022
0.059
0.060
5000
0.063
0.007
0.040
0.018
0.046
0.046
10000
0.040
0.003
0.019
0.008
0.021
0.021
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.074
0.066
0.076
0.106
0.091
0.057
0.139
0.113
0.143
0.204
0.166
0.107
0.155
0.136
0.136
0.208
0.157
0.124
0.135
0.134
0.107
0.233
0.123
0.130
0.108
0.135
0.083
0.273
0.091
0.131
0.095
0.134
0.072
0.304
0.072
0.131
0.086
0.134
0.064
0.322
0.064
0.128
0.078
0.137
0.057
0.329
0.057
0.123
0.071
0.138
0.052
0.328
0.052
0.117
0.033
0.095
0.026
0.208
0.026
0.061
0.022
0.065
0.017
0.137
0.017
0.037
0.016
0.049
0.012
0.111
0.013
0.033
0.013
0.038
0.010
0.094
0.010
0.029
0.006
0.017
0.005
0.051
0.005
0.016
160
170
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.063
0.125
0.125
0.064
0.049
0.032
0.139
0.237
0.237
0.152
0.119
0.074
0.176
0.251
0.254
0.173
0.138
0.078
0.163
0.230
0.230
0.155
0.130
0.064
0.133
0.210
0.210
0.126
0.114
0.048
0.105
0.204
0.204
0.101
0.101
0.036
0.084
0.198
0.198
0.081
0.091
0.028
0.069
0.191
0.191
0.067
0.084
0.024
0.058
0.184
0.184
0.057
0.079
0.021
0.021
0.106
0.106
0.024
0.068
0.007
0.013
0.068
0.068
0.016
0.067
0.004
0.009
0.048
0.048
0.011
0.061
0.003
0.007
0.037
0.037
0.009
0.054
0.002
0.003
0.016
0.016
0.004
0.029
0.001
180
190
200
210
220
230
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.025
0.077
0.121
0.103
0.103
0.091
0.047
0.124
0.200
0.168
0.191
0.168
0.045
0.108
0.179
0.160
0.198
0.190
0.034
0.091
0.173
0.145
0.198
0.198
0.025
0.077
0.177
0.124
0.182
0.182
0.020
0.066
0.182
0.105
0.160
0.160
0.017
0.058
0.186
0.092
0.139
0.139
0.015
0.052
0.188
0.085
0.120
0.120
0.013
0.046
0.187
0.079
0.108
0.105
0.005
0.023
0.151
0.042
0.053
0.049
0.003
0.015
0.122
0.028
0.034
0.031
0.002
0.011
0.100
0.020
0.025
0.023
0.001
0.009
0.083
0.016
0.019
0.018
0.000
0.004
0.042
0.008
0.009
0.009
240
250
260
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.048
0.016
0.050
0.083
0.028
0.100
0.080
0.026
0.102
0.067
0.020
0.085
0.054
0.014
0.067
0.044
0.010
0.053
0.038
0.008
0.042
0.033
0.006
0.033
0.029
0.006
0.027
0.013
0.002
0.007
0.008
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.001
0.002
0.004
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.000
0.001
Direction
(Degrees)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.15
DISTANCE (metres)
Direction
(Degrees)
270
280
290
300
310
100
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
200
0.074
0.050
0.015
0.011
0.020
300
0.156
0.100
0.027
0.021
0.037
400
0.162
0.102
0.025
0.021
0.033
500
0.140
0.085
0.019
0.016
0.024
600
0.113
0.067
0.032
0.011
0.017
700
0.091
0.053
0.044
0.008
0.011
800
0.073
0.042
0.052
0.009
0.009
900
0.060
0.033
0.057
0.010
0.007
1000
0.050
0.027
0.059
0.010
0.007
2000
0.056
0.007
0.041
0.005
0.007
3000
0.066
0.003
0.027
0.003
0.008
4000
0.064
0.002
0.019
0.002
0.007
5000
0.058
0.001
0.014
0.001
0.006
10000
0.034
0.001
0.005
0.000
0.003
320
330
340
350
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.020
0.011
0.014
0.034
0.037
0.021
0.033
0.080
0.033
0.019
0.038
0.093
0.024
0.014
0.032
0.079
0.017
0.009
0.023
0.057
0.011
0.006
0.015
0.051
0.009
0.005
0.010
0.045
0.007
0.004
0.007
0.041
0.007
0.003
0.006
0.037
0.007
0.002
0.002
0.017
0.008
0.001
0.001
0.011
0.007
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.006
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.003
0.000
0.000
0.003
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.16
Table 4-6: 24 hr Predicted GLC of PM (µg/m3) due to proposed project
Direction
(Degrees)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
100
0.151
0.122
0.156
0.171
0.222
0.222
0.199
0.151
0.142
0.194
0.156
0.146
0.242
0.323
0.301
0.205
0.198
0.109
0.066
0.153
0.221
0.199
0.255
0.226
0.121
0.037
0.089
0.128
0.089
200
0.124
0.060
0.099
0.096
0.205
0.205
0.103
0.143
0.081
0.276
0.087
0.113
0.142
0.246
0.246
0.132
0.133
0.068
0.029
0.083
0.144
0.116
0.149
0.142
0.065
0.017
0.054
0.081
0.054
300
0.128
0.033
0.107
0.063
0.171
0.171
0.076
0.138
0.051
0.272
0.053
0.098
0.084
0.212
0.212
0.081
0.120
0.038
0.016
0.047
0.181
0.076
0.099
0.095
0.034
0.009
0.034
0.052
0.034
400
0.108
0.025
0.108
0.046
0.135
0.135
0.057
0.115
0.036
0.223
0.036
0.081
0.057
0.164
0.164
0.060
0.135
0.024
0.009
0.030
0.190
0.055
0.073
0.071
0.022
0.006
0.023
0.080
0.023
500
0.100
0.020
0.100
0.035
0.109
0.109
0.044
0.096
0.027
0.184
0.027
0.076
0.040
0.127
0.127
0.046
0.139
0.017
0.006
0.019
0.181
0.041
0.056
0.055
0.014
0.004
0.016
0.096
0.016
600
0.107
0.016
0.091
0.028
0.091
0.091
0.035
0.080
0.022
0.174
0.022
0.074
0.029
0.100
0.100
0.035
0.134
0.014
0.004
0.013
0.166
0.031
0.045
0.044
0.010
0.002
0.012
0.100
0.012
DISTANCE (metres)
700
800
900
0.106
0.101
0.094
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.081
0.072
0.065
0.024
0.020
0.018
0.076
0.066
0.057
0.076
0.066
0.057
0.029
0.024
0.021
0.069
0.061
0.055
0.019
0.016
0.015
0.161
0.147
0.134
0.019
0.016
0.015
0.068
0.062
0.056
0.021
0.016
0.013
0.082
0.068
0.058
0.082
0.068
0.058
0.028
0.023
0.020
0.124
0.114
0.103
0.012
0.011
0.009
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.150
0.134
0.120
0.027
0.023
0.020
0.036
0.030
0.025
0.035
0.029
0.025
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.009
0.007
0.005
0.097
0.091
0.085
0.009
0.007
0.005
1000
0.087
0.010
0.058
0.016
0.050
0.050
0.018
0.049
0.013
0.122
0.013
0.051
0.011
0.050
0.050
0.018
0.094
0.008
0.002
0.008
0.108
0.018
0.022
0.022
0.004
0.001
0.004
0.078
0.004
2000
0.045
0.005
0.027
0.008
0.023
0.023
0.008
0.022
0.006
0.060
0.006
0.024
0.003
0.020
0.020
0.009
0.044
0.004
0.001
0.004
0.050
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.002
0.000
0.001
0.040
0.001
3000
0.030
0.003
0.017
0.005
0.014
0.014
0.004
0.014
0.004
0.039
0.004
0.015
0.002
0.012
0.012
0.006
0.027
0.003
0.000
0.002
0.032
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.026
0.000
4000
0.022
0.002
0.012
0.004
0.010
0.010
0.003
0.010
0.003
0.028
0.003
0.011
0.002
0.008
0.008
0.004
0.019
0.002
0.000
0.002
0.023
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.019
0.000
5000
0.017
0.002
0.009
0.003
0.008
0.008
0.002
0.007
0.003
0.022
0.003
0.008
0.001
0.006
0.006
0.003
0.015
0.002
0.000
0.001
0.017
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.015
0.000
10000
0.008
0.001
0.004
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.010
0.001
0.003
0.000
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.006
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.007
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.007
0.000
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.17
DISTANCE (metres)
Direction
(Degrees)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
10000
0.033
0.046
0.053
0.045
0.037
0.031
0.026
0.023
0.020
0.018
0.008
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.001
290
0.030
0.013
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
300
0.036
0.017
0.011
0.018
0.021
0.021
0.020
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.001
310
0.036
0.017
0.011
0.018
0.021
0.021
0.020
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.001
320
0.023
0.011
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
330
0.062
0.029
0.015
0.009
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
340
0.122
0.060
0.033
0.021
0.014
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
350
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.18
Table 4-7: 24 hr Predicted GLC of Chlorine (Cl) (µg/m3) due to proposed project
Direction
(Degrees)
DISTANCE (metres)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0
0.065
0.052
0.051
0.041
0.043
0.046
0.045
0.043
0.040
10
0.052
0.024
0.013
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
20
0.067
0.040
0.045
0.045
0.042
0.037
0.033
30
0.073
0.039
0.022
0.015
0.011
0.009
0.007
40
0.095
0.086
0.068
0.050
0.037
0.031
50
0.095
0.086
0.068
0.050
0.037
60
0.085
0.042
0.029
0.020
70
0.065
0.060
0.056
0.046
80
0.061
0.032
0.019
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
10000
0.037
0.018
0.011
0.007
0.005
0.002
0.004
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.029
0.025
0.022
0.009
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.027
0.023
0.020
0.018
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.031
0.027
0.024
0.021
0.018
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.015
0.012
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.037
0.031
0.026
0.024
0.021
0.019
0.008
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.013
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
90
0.083
0.116
0.112
0.091
0.074
0.070
0.065
0.060
0.054
0.049
0.022
0.013
0.009
0.007
0.003
100
0.067
0.034
0.019
0.013
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
110
0.063
0.048
0.039
0.031
0.032
0.031
0.029
0.026
0.024
0.021
0.009
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.001
120
0.104
0.059
0.032
0.019
0.012
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
130
0.138
0.105
0.087
0.064
0.048
0.036
0.028
0.023
0.021
0.018
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
140
0.129
0.105
0.087
0.064
0.048
0.036
0.028
0.023
0.021
0.018
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
150
0.088
0.055
0.030
0.020
0.014
0.012
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
160
0.085
0.056
0.048
0.054
0.056
0.054
0.050
0.046
0.042
0.038
0.017
0.010
0.006
0.005
0.002
170
0.047
0.029
0.015
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
180
0.028
0.012
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
190
0.066
0.034
0.017
0.010
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
200
0.095
0.060
0.073
0.076
0.072
0.065
0.058
0.051
0.045
0.040
0.018
0.010
0.007
0.005
0.002
210
0.085
0.048
0.028
0.018
0.013
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
220
0.109
0.063
0.038
0.025
0.018
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
230
0.097
0.060
0.036
0.024
0.017
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
240
0.052
0.027
0.013
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
250
0.016
0.007
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
260
0.038
0.021
0.011
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.19
Direction
(Degrees)
DISTANCE (metres)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
270
0.055
0.032
0.020
0.034
0.041
0.043
0.042
0.039
0.036
280
0.038
0.021
0.011
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
290
0.014
0.020
0.023
0.019
0.015
0.012
0.010
300
0.013
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
310
0.016
0.007
0.005
0.008
0.009
0.009
320
0.015
0.007
0.005
0.008
0.009
330
0.010
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
340
0.027
0.012
0.005
0.003
350
0.052
0.024
0.012
0.006
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
10000
0.033
0.015
0.009
0.006
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.009
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.20
Figure 4.1: Isopleths for Concentration of SO2
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.21
Figure 4.2: Isopleths for Concentration of NOx
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.22
Figure 4-3: Isopleths for Concentration of PM
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.23
Figure 4-4: Isopleths for Concentration of Chlorine (Cl)
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.24
As part of precautionary measure, to minimize the likely environmental
impacts on air environment due to the proposed project, necessary
mitigation measures are described below:
Sr.
No.
1
Environmental
Attribute
Air
Mitigation Measures
 Handling of soils and construction materials shall
be carefully managed to minimize the risk of
wind-blown material and dust.
 For suppression of dust during required
construction activities, water shall be sprinkled at
regular interval.
 For proposed project, all transferring and feeding
areas shall be well covered to avoid any fugitive
emissions.
 For the plant area, proper ventilation shall be
provided on the shop floor for proper air
circulation to maintain the work area air quality.
 Proper preventive maintenance of fuel firing system
shall be ensured.
 Air - fuel ratio shall be optimized.
 Efficient working of proposed APC system shall be
ensured through regular monitoring.
 It shall be ensured that the vehicles to be deployed at
the site should have PUC certification.
In addition to the above stated process controls, development of green belt
will act as a pollutant sink and can help to control the spread of pollution in
the surrounding area. It will have positive effect on the surrounding area. Unit
will also participate in community green belt development programs to
compensate the adverse effects on the ambient air surrounding the plant
site.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.25
4.5.3 Impact on Noise
Operation of construction machineries will be the source of noise generation
during construction phase of the project alongwith source of transportation
of equipments and machineries. The sound level will be higher than ambient
noise levels, which will return to its original once the construction phase is
over, hence, the impact will be short term and reversible.
Vehicular movement for transportation of various raw materials and finished
products is one of the sources of noise generation during operational phase
alongwith the operation of various equipments, machineries and utilities.
Necessary mitigative measures to be undertaken for maintaining the sound
pressure level within the stipulated standards have been delineated below :
Necessary mitigation measures to minimize the likely environmental impacts
on noise environment due to operation of the proposed project are
described below:
Sr.
No.
1
Environmental
Attribute
Noise
Mitigation Measures
 High noise generating machines and processes shall be
enclosed and insulated.
 Insulation of ventilation pipes and use of dampers shall be
made at all possible places.
 Implementation of management control on site for limiting
transportation timing by adopting mechanical and
technological ideas.
 Preventive maintenance schedule shall be followed for all
instruments and machineries to maintain good working
condition.
 Enclosures and barriers shall be provided to pumps and
machineries producing high noise levels, required for
proposed project.
 There shall be periodical noise level measurements for
verifying compliance with relevant laws.
 Workers exposed to high noise generating operations shall
be provided with suitable ear protection devices.
 Green belt development shall act as a medium for noise
absorbance.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.26
4.5.4 Impact on Land / Soil Quality
The application for conversion of land in to N.A. for proposed project has
been made. During construction phase, the site preparation, leveling and
development work will have adverse impact on quality of soil. Moreover,
during construction phase, due to vehicular movement for transportation
purpose, there will be disturbance to top soil causing dusting, which is having
minor adverse impact on soil quality.
During operative phase, the disposal of hazardous solid wastes will be made
in designated area having pucca floor and Leachate collection system,
contributing insignificant impact on land / soil. Use of treated effluent for
green belt development may affect soil quality in long run.
Necessary mitigation measures to minimize the likely environmental impacts
on soil quality / land environment due to operation of the proposed unit is
described below :
Sr.
Environmental
No.
Attribute
1 Soil quality /
Land
environment
Mitigation Measures
 There shall be adoption of practice of segregation
and storage of all hazardous solid waste generated
for the production plant.
 Regular record keeping of volumes / weights of
wastes generated and disposed shall be maintained
for the proposed production.
 Proper storage, handling and disposal of all type of
hazardous solid wastes as per the guidelines
prescribed shall be ensured.
 Any spillage of hazardous chemicals on land area of
plant premises should be avoided.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.27
4.5.5 Impact on Biological Environment
As per the ecological survey carried out, no rare or endangered species has
been observed in the study area leading to any adverse impact.
The terrestrial ecology of the site will be affected adversely during the
construction phase of the project, which may be compensated due to
development and maintenance of green belt during operation phase.
Development of green belt within the plant premises, will lead to reversing
the various negative impacts of air and noise quality associated with plant
operations. It can also held to develop terrestrial ecology and attract avian
ecology with positive effect in the long run.
4.5.6 Impact on Socio-economic Environment
All the activities to be carried out during construction and operation phases
will require skilled and unskilled labours, hence creating temporary as well as
permanent employment for local people.
Impact in terms of displacement of habitation and settlements due to the
proposed project is totally absent. No loss or disturbance of any historic and
cultural heritage is associated with the proposed project. Proposed project
will provide the surrounding region with business potential as well as
subsequent employment opportunities.
4.5.7 Impact on Occupational Health & Safety
In operative phase of the project, various effects on occupational health and
safety of the employees working in the plant are envisaged. Major health
and safety issues encountered will be physical hazards, respiratory hazards,
electrical hazards, noise, fire & explosion hazards associated while working
within the plant. A chemical industry also poses risk such as accidents due to
spillage, fire & explosion. Preventive safety measures shall be taken to
minimize the risk of accident with respect to chemical handling.
EIA CONSULTANT :
4.28
Sr. Environmental
Mitigation Measures
No.
Attribute
1
Occupational  All reasonably practical measures shall be adopted by
Health
&
the unit to minimize the risk of accidents within the
Safety
manufacturing unit.
 All building plans and installations shall be as per
relevant laws and shall be approved by competent
authority.
 Trained workers shall be employed for all the hazardous
process operations within the plant and shall be
supervised by experienced supervisors.
 Safety features such as fire extinguishers at strategic
locations and suitable personal protective equipments
shall be provided.
 Flame-proof electrical fittings, flame arrestors etc., shall
be installed .
 All the raw materials & solvents shall be stored in
designated storage area equipped with necessary
safety features .
 Periodic inspection & testing of pressure vessels,
equipments, machineries shall be done.
 Good house-keeping shall be ensured within the
factory premises.
 Training shall be provided to the designated staff &
workers for fire fighting, work permit system, first aid &
safe handling of hazardous chemicals.
 Incident / accident reporting system shall be
developed and all the employees shall be made
aware for the same.
 Suitable notices / boards shall be displayed at
designated locations indicating appropriate hazard
warnings.
 Antidotes as well as MSDS for all the chemicals shall be
made available within the factory premises and plant
area.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 5
5.1
CHAPTER – 5
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
5.1
OBJECTIVE :
Regular monitoring program of the environmental parameters is essential to
take into account the changes in the environment. The objective of
environmental monitoring program is :

To verify the results of the impact assessment study with regards to
proposed development.

To follow the evolution of parameters which have been identified as
critical.

To check the effectiveness of the environment management system in
operation.

To confirm statutory compliance.

To establish a data base for future impact assessment studies.
5.2 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING & CONTROL :
To implement midterm corrective measures as well as to achieve effective
implementation of the same, environment monitoring and control program is
essential. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters is of immense
importance to assess the status of environment during project operation. With
the knowledge of baseline environmental status, monitoring program will
serve as a tool to assess any deterioration in environmental conditions due to
operation of the project.
Generally the EIA study for any project is carried out over a short period of
time and the data generated cannot bring out all variations induced by
natural or human activities. Hence, regular monitoring program is essential to
take into account the changes in the environment quality.
EIA CONSULTANT :
5.2
Scope of the monitoring program generally focuses on various environmental
parameters viz., Air quality, Water quality, Noise, Soil characteristics, Ecology,
Land use pattern and socio-economic environment. For the proposed
project, monitoring of various environmental parameters will be required to
assess proper functioning and efficiency of all the proposed pollution control
systems. For the proposed project, monitoring activity is mainly envisaged for
stack emissions to analyze the performance of APC system, effective
operation of MVC and to measure the prevailing noise levels due to plant
operation.
5.3 PROPOSED MONITORING PROGRAM
The monitoring program for proposed project is shown at Table No: 5.1. The
unit will
allocate
the
budgetary
provision
of
Rs.
5
Lakhs
towards
implementation of EMP as well as Env. Monitoring.
Table No: 5.1 Environment Monitoring Schedule
Sr.
No.
1
Particulars
Frequency of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
Parameters for
Monitoring
Air Quality
a.
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring within
Plant premises and at
three locations within
3 Km radius
Once in a
month
One 24
hourly
sample
PM10, SOx, NOx,
PM2.5,Cl2
b.
Stack Monitoring
Once in a
quarter
--
PM, SOx, NOx,
Cl2
2
Water and Wastewater Quality
One in a
quarter
Grab
sampling
As per IS 10500
Once in 15
--
Primary
2a. Water quality
2b. Wastewater quality
(i)
Quality of raw effluent
EIA CONSULTANT :
5.3
days
parameters
such as pH, TDS,
SS, COD,
Temperature,
colour
(ii)
Quality of recovered
water from MCV
3
Noise Quality
a.
Within plant premises
at identified locations
b.
At the periphery of
plant premises at least
5 locations
4
Soil quality
a.
At 2 – 3 locations
within premises
5
Work zone monitoring
6
Solid waste
generation
Records of quantity of generation, handling,
storage and transportation of solid and
hazardous waste will be maintained.
7
Employee Health
Pre-employment and periodical health checkup of every employee at least once in six
months
One in a
quarter
8 hourly
Leq Levels
8 hourly
Day and night
time Leq levels
One in a
year
--
Routine Physical
and
chemical
parameters,
Organic matter,
Moisture
content,
Chloride
ions,
Phosphorous,
Nitrates, Sulfates
and Cations (Al,
Fe, Mg, Na, Ca,
K)
One in a
quarter
8 hourly
SPM
EIA CONSULTANT :
5.4
5.4
MONITORING METHODS & DATA ANALYSIS
5.4.1 Air Quality Monitoring

Stack Monitoring
Emissions from all the stacks should be monitored regularly. Exit gas
temperature, velocity and pollutant concentration shall be measured. Air
blowers should also be checked for any drop in exit gas velocity.

Work zone Monitoring
Concentration of air-borne pollutants in the work-space / work zone should
be monitored periodically. Work zone monitoring should be carried out in
respect of particulate matter concentration. If concentrations beyond
threshold limits are observed than the source should be immediately
identified and necessary corrective measures should be taken.

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Ambient concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SOx, NOx, Cl2 should be monitored at
regular intervals. Any abnormality should be investigated to identify the
causes and appropriate action should be initiated.
5.4.2 Noise Monitoring
Work zone noise at high noise generating work areas within the plant
premises and ambient noise in surrounding areas of project site should be
measured at periodical intervals. Audiometric tests should be conducted for
the workers working at high noise generating areas.
5.4.3 Wastewater quality Monitoring
Wastewater stream shall be monitored for flow rate and physical and
chemical characteristics. Monitoring shall be carried out for raw effluent &
recovered water.
5.4.4 Data Analysis
All environmental monitoring data should be stored as a computer database
for proper storage, retrieval and interpretation of the same. A regular
database format should be maintained to keep a track of monitored
EIA CONSULTANT :
5.5
parameters and causes should be identified in case of non-conformity with
the permissible limits.
5.5
REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA
Voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to EMP will
be undertaken. The in-charge of environment, health and safety department
of the unit has to co-ordinate all monitoring programmes at site and data
generated shall be submitted regularly to the statutory agencies. Frequency
of reporting shall be once every six months to concerned Authority.
5.6
INFRASTRUCTURAL REQUIREMENT
For carrying out regular environment monitoring, it is to be outsourced to
outside agencies. MoEF / GPCB recognized agencies should be deployed to
carry out such work.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 6
6.1
CHAPTER -6
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
6.1
INTRODUCTION
Chemical industries handle, store and process large quantities of hazardous
chemicals.
These activities involve many different types of material, some of
which can be potentially harmful if released into the environment, because of
their toxic, flammable or explosive properties. The rapid growth in the use of
hazardous chemicals in industry and trade has increased the risk to employees
as well as the neighboring community.
Under these circumstances, it is essential to apply modern approaches to safety
practices based on good design, management and operational control .The
major hazard units should try to achieve and maintain high standards of plant
integrity with due regards to the probabilities of undesirable events.
While
assessing design and development proposals for plants, which handle
hazardous materials, it is essential to identify potential hazards. Risk assessment
techniques have been recognized as an important tool for integrating and
internalizing safety in plant operation and production sequencing. Hence, the
risk assessment is mandatory for all new projects process industries dealing with
hazardous chemicals and severe operating conditions.
6.2
PRODUCT PROFILE
Details of products to be manufactured and by product to be generated for
the proposed project along with its quantification are presented at Table no. 6.1
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.2
TABLE NO. 6.1 PRODUCT PROFILE
Sr. No.
Name of Product
Production Capacity
(MT/M)
Product
1
Trichloro Isocynurate
1000
2
Sodium Dichloro Isocynaurate Dihydrate
400
By Product
1
Sodium Chloride (Salt)
300
(Source: TCPL)
6.2.1 Raw Material Requirement
The list of raw material requirement for manufacturing of proposed products is given at
Table No. 6.2, whereas storage inventory of raw materials is given at Table no. 6.3.
TABLE NO.6.2 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
SR. NO.
RAW MATERIAL
QTY (MT/Month)
1
Caustic Lye (35%)
2249
2
Chlorine
1510
3
Cyanuric Acid
1042
4
Soda Ash
20
(Source: TCPL)
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.3
TABLE NO. 6.3 STORAGE INVENTORY OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
Sr.
Name of
Maximum
State of
Physical
No.
Hazardous
Storage Quantity
Operation
State
Chemicals
Storage
Temperature &
Pressure
1
Chlorine
200 MT
Ambient
Gaseous
Cylinders
2
Cyanuric Acid
500 MT
Ambient
Solid
Bags
3
Caustic Lye
450 MT
Ambient
Liquid
Storage
(35%)
Tanks
(Source: TCPL)
Relevant information required for carrying out the risk assessment is reproduced
here for quick reference. However, the project details including manufacturing
process and pollution potential may be referred in Chapter- 2 of the report.
6.3
GLOSSARY AND TERMS USED IN RISK ASSESSMENT
The common terms used in risk assessment and disaster management are
elaborated as below.
Accident
Accident is an unplanned event, which has a probability of causing personal
injury or property damage or both.
Disaster
Disaster is defined as a catastrophic situation that cause damage, economic
disruptions , loss of human life and deterioration of health and health services
on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the
affected are or community. Disasters occasioned by man are factory fir
explosions and release of toxic gases or chemical substances etc.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.4
Emergency
Emergency is defined as a situation where the demand exceeds the resources.
This highlights the typical nature of emergency. It will be after experience that
enough is not enough in emergency situations. Situations of this nature are
avoidable but it is not possible to them always.
Emergency preparedness
Emergency preparedness is one of the key activities in the overall
management. Preparedness, though largely dependent upon the response
capability of the person engaged in direct action, will require support from
others in the organization before, during and after emergency.
Hazard
Hazard is defined as a physical situation, which may cause human injury,
damage to property or the environment or some combination of these criteria.
Hazardous process
Hazardous process is defined as any process or activity in relation to an industry,
which may cause impairment to the health of the persons engaged or
connected therewith or which may result in pollution of general environment.
Hazardous substance
Hazardous substance means any preparation, which by reason of its chemical
or physico-chemical properties or handling is liable to cause harm to human
beings other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, property or the
environment.
Risk
Risk is defined as a likelihood of an undesired event (accident, injury or death)
occurring within a specified period or under specified circumstances. This may
be either a frequency or a probability depending on the circumstances.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.5
6.4
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Present study has been carried out to assess the risk involved in the proposed
project. The study specifically focuses on the followings:
1. Identification of potential hazards
2. Identification of representative failure cases
3. Assess the impact of accidental release from upcoming facility
4. Compatibility studies and identification of special hazards.
5. Risk mitigation & safety provision during storage of hazardous chemicals.
6. Disaster Management Plan
6.5
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Introduction of hazards in the proposed project is of primary significance in the
analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accident as it involves
chemicals and process of such nature. Infect identification of hazards and
development of accident scenario is the starting point of risk analysis, which is
then, addressed for further analysis. Hazard is defined as a chemical or physical
condition that has the potential to cause damage to people, properties or the
environment in general. Hence, all the components of system / plant / process
need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or
propagating an unplanned events / sequence of events, which can be termed
as an accident.
Probability of an unexpected event and its consequences from has been
estimated from the basis of quantification of risk in terms of damage to property
/ environment / personnel. Therefore the type, quantity, location and conditions
of release of toxic or flammable substances have to be identified in order to
estimate its damaging effects, the area involved and the possible precautionary
measures required to be taken.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.6
Hazard is defined as a chemical or physical conditions those have the potential
for causing damage to people, property or the environment. Hazard
identification is the first step in the risk analysis and entails the process of
collecting information on:

The types and quantities of hazardous substances stored and handled,

The location of storage tanks & other facilities,

Potential hazards associated with the spillage and release of
hazardous chemicals.
6.5.1 Chemicals to be handled
M/s TCPL will be engaged in handling and storage of various hazardous
chemicals. Important characteristic of these materials are described in details
below:
(A)Caustic flake/Lye:

Caustic is a colorless liquid. Harmful if swallowed or inhaled Causes burns
to any area of contact.

It is not considered to be fire hazard.

Do not handle without PPEs. Use safety goggles, Gumboots, PVC hand
gloves and rubber apron if required.
Main Physical & chemical properties are summarized below:
Molecular formula
: NaOH
Appearance
: Clear Soapy Liquid
Odor
: Odorless
Boiling point
: 1480C
Vapor pressure at 40 C : 3.6 mm Hg
Bulk density
: 1.5 g/ml
pH
: Highly alkaline
Specific gravity
: 2.12
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.7
(B) Chlorine :
Properties
Chemical Name : Chlorine
Synonym
: None
Chemical Formula

: Cl2
It is a toxic, nonflammable gas with greenish yellow colour. Liquid
chlorine has amber colour. It has a strong pungent and irritating
odour.

Chlorine is sparingly soluble in water.

Vapour density is 2.49, Air = 1
Chemical Hazard

Chlorine reacts violently with alcohols. Chlorine reacts explosively
with metals. Reactions with Sulphide are potentially dangerous.

Toxic products are formed when combustibles burn in chlorine.

In the presence of moisture chlorine is corrosive to steel, copper,
bronze etc.

Chlorine can cause fires / explosion on contact with turpentine,
polypropylene, rubber, acetaldehyde and alcohol.
Health hazard
a) Vapour inhalation

Chlorine gas is primarily an irritant to the respiratory system.
Inhalation of chlorine can cause respiratory injury ranging from
irritation to death, depending upon its concentration and
duration of inhalation.

Inhalation of chlorine leads
to irritation
to
the mucous
membranes of nose and throat, which increases to burning pain.
Irritations spread to chest. A reflex cough develops which may
be intense and often associated with pain behind the
breastbone. The cough may lead to vomiting. If the duration of
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.8
exposure or the concentration of chlorine is excessive, it will
cause restlessness, throat irritation, and sneezing and copious
salivation. In extreme cases, lung tissues may be attacked
resulting in pulmonary edema, fall of blood pressure.
b) Eye contact
Exposure to eyes causes burning of eyes, conjunctivitis, swelling

of eyelids, ulceration of tissues and opaqueness of cornea.
Exposures to high concentrations may result in loss of sight.

c) Skin contact
Contact with chlorine causes severe burns and inflammation to

the skin.
Burns may be very painful and causes profound damage to the

tissues.
d) Exposure limits
TLV
= 0.5 ppm (3 mg / m3)
STEL
= 2 ppm (9 mg / m3)
IDLH = 25 ppm
e) Effects of Chlorine at various concentrations
Concentration
PPM
0.2 - 0.5
Effect
Slight odor
1
Definite odour, threshold limit value
3
Irritation to eyes, nose.
6
Irritation of throat
30
Intense Cough
40 - 60
Serious damage may occur within 30 minutes
100
Lethal damage within minutes
1000
Instantly fatal
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.9
Fire and explosion hazard

Chlorine is neither flammable nor explosive by itself, but reacts with
many organic substances like ether, turpentine, hydrogen and
hydrocarbons with evolution of heat. Carbon steel ignites at
temperatures above 250 deg. C in the presence of chlorine.

Chlorine can form explosive mixture with hydrogen at high
temperature.

Chlorine reacts with ammonia and ammonium compounds to form
nitrogen tri chloride, which is explosive in nature.

Containers of chlorine may explode due to internal pressure build
up if the containers are heated.
Precautions

Prevent contact with other chemicals and combustible materials
that can cause fire.

Keep away from source of heat and flame.

Use self-contained breathing apparatus set in positive pressure
mode during fire fighting
Symptoms of exposure

Watering of eyes

Burning sensation in eyelids and eyes

Burning sensation in the respiratory tract

Opaqueness of the cornea

Cold sweat and pale complexion

Sneezing

Coughing

Difficulty in breathing
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.10
First aid
a) Inhalation
i) If the victim is conscious and breathing

Immediately remove the victim form the affected area to a
well-ventilated area.

Loosen the victim’s clothes.

Keep the victims warm using a blanket.

Place the victim on his back with his head and back
elevated.

Milk, buttermilk, limejuice and fresh water may be given can
be given by mouth for relief from throat irritation.
ii) If the Victim coughs a great deal

Make the victim inhale, from a gauze pad soaked with a little
ethyl alcohol or few drops of ether.

Make the victim inhale medical oxygen under low pressures.
iii) If the victim is unconscious but breathing

Administer medical oxygen at low pressure.

Do not give to victim anything to drink.
iv) If the breathing is ceased

Remove the victim as quickly as possible from the affected
area.

Lay the victim down on his stomach over a blanket.

Loosen victim’s clothes.

Begin artificial respiration; be very gentle to avoid injury to his
lungs.

Continue the same treatment until the physician arrives or the
victim begins to breathe unaided.

As soon as victim begins to breathe or to move, lay him down
with his body raised and continues to administer oxygen.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.11

Take the victim to the nearest medical center.
b) Skin contact

Remove the victim form the source of contamination and take
him to the nearest safety shower.

Wash the affected area under the shower with large quantity of
water.

In case of burns (Inflammation, blisters), apply a dry sterile
dressing.

c) Eye contact

Remove the victim from the source of contamination and take
him to the nearest eye wash shower.

Wash affected eye under slowly running water for 15 minutes or
longer keeping the victims eyelids open.

Recommended Personal Protective Equipment
a) Non respiratory
Chemical splash proof goggles, PVC hand gloves, over clothing
and shoes. Do not use rubber gloves or shoes.
b) Respiratory
i. Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): Air bottle capacity
of 30 minutes to be used while working near the area where
chlorine leak is suspected.
ii. Airline mask: For operations requiring continuous use of
breathing air.
Leak detection system
a) Fixed monitoring system

As a part of the integrated fire and gas system continuous
monitoring of chlorine gas through electrochemical detectors
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.12
will be provided. Chlorine detectors will be provided in all areas
where chlorine is handled.

Chlorine detectors activate alarm when the concentration of
gas present is more than 0.5 ppm.

Prerecorded message about the declaration of emergency is
played automatically through PA system to warn the people at
the respective plant / area. The location and nature of
emergency is also communicated.

Please refer to On Site Emergency Plan for details regarding
handling of major emergencies arising out of release of chlorine.
b) Portable / handheld detectors
1. Dragger detector tubes

This system consists of specific tubes for gases that are to be
measured. The tubes when broken and exposed to the
atmosphere to be tested draw the air through a hand held
pump. The colour of the contents of the tube changes in
proportion to the concentration of gas. The concentration
can be directly read from the graduation in the tube. The
tube contains the chemicals, which selectively reacts to the
gas to be measured and changes in the colour.

For measuring chlorine gas in the atmosphere, short-term
measuring tubes are provided which could measure the gas
within the range 0.3 – 5 ppm.

These tubes are very useful in measuring the concentration:
-
At a specific moment
-
At defined intervals
-
During the pipe / Cylinders leakage
-
Investigation of confined space
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.13
6.5.2 Specific safeguard for Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals
The various chemicals to be handled and stored at TCPL are listed at Table No
6.3.
(A) Storage and Handling of Caustic lye/flake

There will be separate isolated storage in a cool, well - ventilated
place away from source of heat, moisturizer and incompatibilities.

Storage in a tightly closed container. Protect from physical
damage. Always add the caustic to water while stirring; never the
reverse. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty
since they retain product residues (dust, solids); observe all warnings
and precautions listed for the product.

Do not store with aluminum or magnesium. Do not mix with acids or
organic materials.

Use any means suitable for extinguishing surrounding fire. Adding
water to caustic solution generates large amounts of heat.

In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSHapproved self-contained breathing apparatus with full face piece
operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.

In case of leak or spill ventilate area around it. Keep unnecessary
and unprotected people away from area of spill. Wear appropriate
personal protective equipment.

Do not flush caustic residues to the sewer. Residues from spills can
be diluted with water, neutralized with dilute acid such as acetic,
hydrochloric or sulfuric. Absorb neutralized caustic residue on clay,
vermiculite or other inert substance and package in a suitable
container for disposal.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.14
(B) Storage and Handling of Chlorine
Safe handling of Cylinders

Chlorine Cylinders should not be exposed to direct sunlight, naked
flame and heat. Temperature over 70 deg. C is likely to cause
bursting of

Cylinders should be placed in a position such that both vapour and
liquid outlet valves are one above the other.

Cylinders should be placed with stoppers to prevent accidental
rolling.

Full-face respirator to be worn by personnel during connecting and
disconnecting the cylinders.

Persons performing jobs like sampling, draining, inspection etc.,
should always stay upwind and wear the recommended personal
protective equipment.

Water should not be poured over a leaky Cylinder, as the solubility
of chlorine in water is very less. The leakage will increase due to high
rate of corrosion.

When Cylinders is not in use, the hood should be placed in position
to prevent accidental damage to valves.

Ammonia swab may be used to detect the leakage of gas as
ammonia evolves dense white fumes when contacted with
chlorine.

Chlorine emergency leak control kits for arresting Cylinders leaks are
available at fire station

Personnel handling chlorine should be trained in the usage of
chlorine emergency kit used for arresting the leakage from the
Cylinders
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.15

Breathing Apparatus Sets should be kept near the chlorine handling
areas as these will be very useful to handle the emergencies due to
chlorine leakage.

Personnel handling chlorine should be trained in the usage of
Breathing Apparatus set.
Plant Manager

Ensure that toxic gas detectors are in working condition and not
bypassed without proper authorization.

Ensure that all people are adequately trained in understanding of
hazards and safety precautions to be taken in case of emergency.

Ensure that all persons working in unit undergo two-hour training
before allowing them to work for the first time.

Ensure adequate breathing sets are available in working area
handling toxic chemicals.
Safety Department

To provide training to all the persons in safe handling of hazardous
chemicals.

To provide specialized training before allowed working for first time
and validation of the same.

To carry out periodic audit of the toxic chemical handling areas.
6.5.3 General safeguard during Handling of Hazardous Chemicals

Personal protective equipment will be issued to each worker
personally for his or her exclusive use.

If a worker must enter a contaminated area, he must wear adequate
protective equipment.

Employees should be taught when and how to use respiratory
apparatus
provided,
and
how
to
recognize
defects
in
the
equipment. Full dress escape drills should be conducted at least
once a year.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.16

If
such
safety
equipment
is
not
available,
entry
into
the
contaminated area should not be attempted.

Keep personal protective equipment where it can be accessed
quickly, outside the chlorine storage area and away from areas of
likely contamination.

Each
employee
should
maintain
his/her
personal
protective
equipment in clean, working condition at all times.

All equipment should be used and maintained in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions.

Personal protective equipment used by the person during handling of
hazardous chemicals, should be replaced after certain time.

If any spillage of hazardous chemicals, it should be cleaned and
disposed as per standard practiced.

Empty drums of hazardous chemicals should neutralize immediate.

Personnel engaged in handling of hazardous chemicals should be
made aware of properties of hazardous chemicals.
6.5.4 Worst Case Scenario
For, Chlorine Gas Cylinder leakage –

Max. Storage of Chlorine Cylinders at storage - 200 nos.

Max. Leakage at a time – 2 Chlorine Cylinder

One Cylinder Weight – 982 kg.
Worst Case Scenario – In case of Chlorine Cylinder Rupture
CHEMICAL DATA:

Chemical Name: CHLORINE

Molecular Weight: 70.91 g/mol

AEGL-1(60 min): 0.5 ppm AEGL-2(60 min): 2 ppm AEGL-3(60 min): 20
ppm

IDLH: 10 ppm
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.17
ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 3 meters/second from SW at 3 meters

Stability Class: E
SOURCE STRENGTH:

Direct Source: 2000 kilograms

Source Height: 0.2 meters

Release Duration: 1 minute

Release Rate: 33.3 kilograms/sec

Total Amount Released: 2,000 kilograms
THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Heavy Gas

Red : 3.1 kilometers --- (20 ppm = AEGL-3(60 min))

Orange: 8.4 kilometers --- (2 ppm = AEGL-2(60 min))

Yellow: greater than 10 kilometers --- (0.5 ppm = AEGL-1(60 min))
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.18
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.19
6.6 RISK MITIGATION:
6.6.1 General precautions during the project and operational stages
A: Equipment:
Vendors for fabrication should be selected based on the exposure in the related
field.
During fabrication the inspections should be done at every stage like material
checking, weld joint checking, dimensions like thickness, diameters.
B: CIVIL:
In principal R.C.C. frame structure/ steel structure frame design should be
considered.
To have more precise design, Mix Design should be considered. Architectural
views, Wind directions, Safety for escape at the time of accidents, Bylaws of G.I
.D.C. & factories inspectors office and site development should be taken for
consideration of design in view of Equipments live loads, loads, working space
and other related details of equipments.
Roads, Drainage, mechanical and electrical layouts are planned in easy and
safe handling from maintenance consideration.
Plants should be designed as partly R.C.C and Steel Structure.
6.6.2 General precautions during Storage
Fire being a major hazard following shall be ensured for prevention/ fighting
of fire.

Availability of water supply

Foam system

First aid appliances

Secondary containment for the storage of hazardous chemicals.

Critical switches and alarm should be always kept in line.

Fire extinguishers should be tested periodically and should be always kept
in operational mode.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.20

Shut off and isolation valves should be easily approachable in
emergencies.

Surrounding population (includes all strata of society) should be made
aware of the safety precautions to be taken in the event of any mishap
within the plant. This can effectively be done by conducting the training
programs.

A wind direction pointer should also be installed at storage site, so that in
an emergency the wind direction can be directly seen and downwind
population can be cautioned.

The fire protection equipment shall be kept in good operating condition
at all time and fire fighting system should be periodically tested for proper
functioning and logged for record and corrective actions.
6.6.3 Various engineering methods for mitigation of hazards
A) Maintenance and inspection schedules,
Regular maintenance and preventive maintenance should be carried out as
per schedule.
The thickness test for the applicable vessel and tanks should be carried out by
the outside agency at a regular interval. The lifting device will be tested
regularly to avoid any accident.
B) Description of responsibility for plant safety,
Safety committee should be form which comprises of senior persons with officers
& workers from each field. This committee should be meet minimum once in
every three months. The points raised in the committee should be implemented
based on the evaluation.
C) Work permits system
The meaning of work permit is the permit or approval for the work other than the
manufacturing process or routine manufacturing jobs.
This is one type of accident prevention technique. The main objectives of the
permit systems are as follows,
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.21

To ensure the safe working place

To ensure that all necessary precautions are taken

To prevent the human error

To prevent the unsafe condition

To prevent the incidents / accidents

To give information to the plant personnel

To make the hazardous operations smooth and tension free
The various work permits should be introduced according to the requirement.
6.6.4 Management Measures
Major aim to operate the industrial plant with the following performance
requirements arising from the identified risks:
-Minor environmental impacts;
-Minor impacts to personnel;
-No negative impacts to the local community;
-Minimal disruption to operations;
-Insignificant financial loss; and No legal consequences.
The
key
strategy
for
managing
the
potential
risks
associated
during
manufacturing activity will be the development and implementation of the
following actions, policies and procedures.
6.6.4.1 Facilities and resources

Chemical storage facilities to comply with relevant legislation, standards,
building codes as well as codes of practice with regard provision of
ventilation and separation requirements;

Sufficient quantities of spill response equipment for containing and
cleaning up chemical and fuel spills; and

Fire equipment to comply with relevant legislation, standards, building
codes as well as codes of practice.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.22
6.6.4.2 Management Policies, Plans & Procedures

Incident Reporting Policy

Fire Action Plan (including preventative measures)

Environmental Management Plan

Maintenance Schedule

Spill Response Procedures
6.6.4.3 Training

Chemical storage (separation and ventilation requirements), handling
(reading labels, MSDS etc) and response (spill containment and clean
up);

Oil spill containment and clean-up;

Fire
safety
(identifying
and
managing
fire
risks
and
suppression
techniques);

Incident reporting

Operation of equipment
6.6.4.4 Maintenance

Inspect and maintain equipments as per legal requirements (fire
equipment), the maintenance schedule (machinery, facilities vehicles
and tools) and documented procedures (spill response equipment and
chemical stores); and

The routine inspection and monitoring of equipments.
6.6.5 Fire Fighting Measures
Extinguishing Media:
Large fire:
Product flow must be stopped and container cooled by water spray. Water or
CO2 type or DCP type fire extinguisher should be used to assist approach to
the source of the fire. Large fires should only be fought by the Fire Brigade.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.23
Small fire:
Dry Powder, CO2
Use water or foam.
Special Protective Equipment for Fire Fighters:
In confined spaces use self-contained breathing apparatus
6.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Unit is committed towards the Health and Safety of workers and will provide a
facility of pre medical and regular medical check-up of employees for
detecting any kind of adverse effect on the health of employee due to the
chemical or work place condition and providing opportunity to improve the
working condition.
The workers exposed to fugitive emission will be provided with some protective
devices like dust mask to prevent respiratory disorders. The workers exposed to
higher noise level will be provided with ear muffs/ ear plugs.
The protective devices will be provided to the employees handling hazardous
substances. Proper handling of the hazardous chemicals and the maintenance
of Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) will be followed to ensure safety within the
plant area.
Drinking water supply for the employees will be provided by the project
proponent and the standard of the drinking water will be as per WHO
guidelines. Proper sanitary facilities will be made available by the project
proponent so that employees do not suffer from any health ailments.
The employees will be made aware of general sanitary practices. Periodical
training programme to inform the employees about their task, associated risk,
and safe-working practices will be undertaken.
Training will also include information on accident prevention, proper control and
maintenance of equipment and safe material handling practices.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.24
A regular monitoring of the Occupational Health and Safety will reduce the
chances of accidents hence all the records of job related accidents and illness
should be maintained as per the requirements of factory act. This information
will be reviewed and evaluated to improve the effectiveness of Environmental
Health and Safety programme.
The following occupational measures will be adopted:

The workers will be provided with personal protective equipments such as
gloves, goggles, safety shoes, helmets and duct masks.

Periodic medical checkup of the workers for audiometric, blood tests,
physical examination, etc as per applicable rules.

First aid medical facility will be made available at the site and medical kit
will be made available at strategic location and plant personnel will be
trained for first aid medical treatment.

Dispensary and medical facility is available in the nearby GIDC area and
that will be utilized in the case of emergency. However. The company will
appoint one doctor for further consultation and treatment in case of
emergency.
6.8 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6.8.1 Introduction
The Disaster Management Plan gives a broad idea of the detailed emergency
preparedness in case of an accident due to the manufacturing plant. The
Disaster Management Plan is prepared keeping in view to conform to the
requirements of the provisions of the Factories Act 1948 under Section 41 B (4)
and guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India
and Manufacture, Import and Storage of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 2000,
Schedule 11 under Environmental Protection Act 1986 and the various guideline
issued by State Chief Inspectors of Factories from time to time.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.25
Disaster Management Plan envisages the need for defining appropriate action
so as to minimize loss of life/property and for restoration of normalcy within the
minimum time.
6.8.2 Main Component of Emergency Plan
Main component of Disaster Management Plan are as follows:

Emergency Response Organization: Emergency Organization and Roles of
Incident Controller, Site Main Controller, Other Key Personnel, Essential
Workmen and others.

Communication System: Declaration of major emergency, Communication
system, Telephone Massages and Communication of major emergency.

Action on the Site: Pre-emergency activities, Post – emergency activities

Facilities Available at Site: Public Address System, Telephone, Fire fighting
equipment, First Aid and Rescue, Medical Services Available, etc.
6.8.3 Key Personnel and their Responsibility
To take the action in the event of an emergency, roles and responsibilities have
been described in following subsections:
Site Main Controller
The General Manager shall have overall responsibility for the plant and its
personnel. In the absence of General Manager, Plant Manager shall assume the
responsibility of Site Controller. Duties of site controller during emergency shall
be:

To assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if employees need to
be evacuated to assembly points.

To maintain continuous review of possible development and assess in
consultation with incident controller as to whether the shutting down the
plant or part of plant and evacuation of person is required.

To give necessary instructions to Liaison Officer, HOD (P&A) regarding the
help to be obtained from outside agencies like fire brigade, police and
medical.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.26

To advice liaison officer to pass necessary information about the incident to
new media and ensure that the evidences are preserved for inquiries to be
conducted by statutory authorities.
Incident Controller
The HOD of affected department shall have overall responsibility for controlling
the incident and directing the personnel. Section In-Charge of the affected
department shall assume the responsibility of incident controller in the absence
of HOD of affected department. His duties during emergencies shall be:

To inform communication officer about the emergency, control center and
assembly point.

To direct all operators within the affected areas with priorities for safety of
personnel, to minimize damage to the plant and environment and to
minimize loss of material.

To act as Site Controller till the later arrives

To provide advice and information to fire squad., security officer and local
fire services when they arrive

To ensure that all non-essential persons are sent to the assembly point.
Primary Controller
The primary controller is the employee is who gives the first information about the
incident/ accident. He will be responsible for:

To inform the security office (Main Gate) & environment /Sr. Engineers/ Shift
In- Charges / HOD of Section of the aforesaid Department/Section from the
nearest available telephone about the location and the nature of incident.

To assist Fire Brigade in their operation, and would assist in clearing any
obstruction coming in way of fire extinguishers.

To carry out all instructions from Incident Controller
Liaison Officers
HOD (P&A) shall be the Liaison Officer. He shall be responsible for:
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.27

To contact, fire brigade, police and medical facilities on intimation from site
controller and arrange for the rescue operation.

To ensure that the casualties receive attention.

To inform relatives of affected employees at the earliest.

To arrange the additional transport if required.

To arrange for relief of personnel and organize refreshment /catering
facility, in case the duration of emergency is prolonged.

To issue authorized statements to news media and ensure that evidence is
preserved for esquires to be conducted.
Section – In Charge (Medical)
On receiving the information, Section In-Charge will reach hospital immediately
and take following actions:

He will keep necessary first aid medicines and artificial respiration
equipment ready.

Inform doctors at other places to be ready, for attending serious injury and
burns cases.
Communication Officer
Section In-Charge (Safety) shall act as Communication Officer. He shall work
from Control Center and maintain communication between relevant personnel.
He shall be responsible for:

To apprise the site controller of the situation, based on the information
received, suggest the evacuation of personnel from assembly points, if
needed.

To arrange for suitable persons to act as runners/messengers in case of
failure to communication system.

To carry out any other works as assigned by site controller/incident
controller.
Section – In Charge (Security)
Section In-charge shall be responsible for:
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.28

The Section In charge of the security shall guide the fire crew in fire fighting.
He shall give instruction to Security Guards to cordon off area as required
by Incident Controller. He shall render all help to incident Controller to
handle the emergency and carry out the work as assigned to him.

He shall be responsible for unauthorized persons inside the affected are as
well as inside the plant during emergency.
Shift In-charge (Security)
Shift In-charge shall be responsible for:

To arrange the necessary help as requested by Primary Controller.

To inform section In-charge (Security).

To below emergency Siren, if instructed by primary Controller.

To send Ambulance to accident site with fire brigade along with available
trained security persons.
6.8.4 Communication System
Any person noticing an emergency should be able to raise or cause to be
raised the Emergency Alarm. All employees must be trained to operate such
emergency alarms.
There should be an adequate number of points from which the alarm can be
raised either directly, by activating an audible warning of individual signal or
message to a preliminary manned location. This has advantage of permitting
the earliest possible action to be taken to control the situation, which in turn may
avoid the development of a major emergency. All such points must be
distinctively marked and known to all employees.
6.8.4.1 Declaring the Major Emergency
Major emergency will be declared after sufficient and through check because
the declaration of major emergency puts many agencies on action and it may
disturb the running plant, which may be costly or its consequence may be
serious. Therefore, major emergency must not be decided on whims or
immature judgment or without proper thought. Looking to all the above, the
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.29
plant will take care to nominate the persons who can declare the emergency,
will select them on the basis of their knowledge & experience.
The joint decision to declare major emergency may be taken but it should be as
early as possible and without wasting the time.
6.8.4.2 Communication of Emergency
The plant will initiate effective system to communicate emergency:
a)
Inside the plant i.e. workers including key personnel and essential workers,
on duty & inside during normal working hours.
b)
To key personnel and essential workers not on duty and outside during
normal working hours.
c)
To the outside emergency services and the Government Authorities.
d)
To the neighboring plant & the General Public in the vicinity.
a)
Inside the plant to the workers
Copy of the manual fulfilling the entire statutory requirement will be distributed
to concerned personnel.
Frequently training and mock drills will be conducted to make the workers
aware about their duties and action to be taken during the emergency.
b)
To key personnel outside daring normal working hours
As per emergency planning, the key personnel & essential workers will be
available in all shifts or on short call. But due to some reason, if someone is
outside the plant premises or not on duty and if their help is required, an
updated list and address of the essential workers and key personnel will be
available in the Emergency Control Center.
c)
To the outside Emergency Services and the Authorities
Once the emergency is declared, it is essential that the outside emergency
services should be informed in the shortest possible time.
Responsibilities will be fixed as per the Incident/Emergency Command to
contact outside agencies for help and to communicate to the all the
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.30
Government and other authorities, such as, Fire Brigade, Police, District
Emergency Authorities, Factory Inspectorate & Hospitals, etc.
d)
To neighboring factories and the General Public
A major emergency will affect areas outside the works and it is essential that
neighboring plants and general public, should be informed to enable them to
take prompt action to protect their own employees and to take whatever
measures may be possible to prevent further escalation of the emergency due
to effects on their own installations, at the same time, they may be able to
provide assistance as part of a prearranged mutual aid plan.
Further responsibilities will be fixed to inform the neighboring plants and the
general public residing in the vicinity.
6.8.5 Evacuation & Transportation
During emergency, personnel may require to be evacuated from the incident
area and also from adjacent areas. Evacuation should to be at pre-determined
assembly points in a safe part of the plant. At the plant, assembly points need to
be clearly marked. The plan should designate someone to record all personnel
arriving at assembly point so that the information can be passed to the
emergency control center.
Personnel required to be transported for the purpose of medical care or for
better shelter should be transported with care and facilities.
Assembly Points
Assembly points should be set up farthest from the location of likely hazardous
events, where pre-designated persons would assemble in case of emergency.
6.8.6 Safe Plant Shut-Down
If necessary, full or partial shutdown of the plant should be followed under the
judgment of the incident controller or the site, main controller. For single plant
sites, shut down may be comparatively simple, with the knock-on effects,
elsewhere on the site.
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.31
6.8.7 Accounting for Personnel
It is necessary to know that everyone on the site has been accounted for and
that the relatives of causalities have been informed. The problem of accounting
can be particularly difficult, especially on large works and hinges on being able
to know, with any certainty, who is on site at any one time. It can be
exacerbated if an accident occurs, as it frequently does, at a shift change or at
a time when large number of contractor’s personnel are on the work.
It may be impracticable in many situations, to have an updated list of names of
peoples on site at any one time. Holiday and sickness absence will mean that
relief personnel are present and some others may be off site at the time
engaged on the other work.
Contractors should maintain a similar list of personnel on site. If a record is
maintained of the arrival and departure of visitors, together with the names of
those they have called to see, it will prove useful in establishing their where
about
in
the
emergency.
Visitors
should
wherever
practicable,
be
accompanied on the site by a responsible member of the work staff. The
procedures so far suggested have included certain actions, which will assist in
establishing the whereabouts of personnel.
At the Emergency Control Center, a responsible person should be appointed to
collate the lists, check those against the nominal role of these believed to be
missing. Where missing people could have had cause to be at the affected
area, the Incident Controller should be informed and arrangement made for
further search.
6.8.8 Public Relations
Inevitably, major incident will attract the attention of the press, television and
radio services. It is essential to make arrangements of authoritative release of
information to them, preferably at a place remote from the workers to avoid
any possible harm to the people concerned. A senior personnel should be
appointed as the sole authoritative source of information of the news media. All
EIA CONSULTANT :
6.32
other employees should be instructed not to divulge information themselves
which may, in the event, be misleading or inaccurate.
6.8.9 Emergency Services
This includes fire-fighting system, first aid centre, hospital etc. Alternate sources of
power supply for operating fire-pumps, communication with local bodies, firebrigade etc. should also be clearly identified. Adequate number of external and
internal telephone connections should be installed.
6.8.10 Post Emergency Activities
Post emergency activities comprise of steps taken after the emergency is over
so as to establish the reasons of the causation of the emergency and preventive
measures. The steps to be involved are:

Collection of records

Conducting inquiry and concluding preventive measures

Making insurance claims

Preparation of inquiry report’s recommendations

Rehabilitate the affected persons within the plant and outside the plant

To restart the plant.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 7
7.1
CHAPTER – 7
PROJECT BENEFITS
The scope and nature of the potential benefits varies between the
construction phase and the operational phase of the project.
Potential
project benefits such as improvement in the physical infrastructure, social
infrastructure, employment and other tangible benefits related to these two
phases of the project are discussed below.
The Isocyanurates based Chlorine chemicals are one of the most prevalent
swimming pool chemicals world-wide. Though its use is more prevalent in the
Western Region, these products have found their application in India and
Asian countries also. Compared to the conventional Chlorine products like
the Chlorine gas itself or Bleaching Powder, these products are expensive,
but at the same time, more stable and eco friendly.
The use of these products is growing rapidly. United States of America is a
very big market for these products and hence there is a big export potential.
The proposed project will have revenue generation potential considering its
export potential.
Additional government revenue expected from royalty,
taxes, duties and other fees.
The basic requirement of the community needs will be strengthened by
organizing healthcare camp, educational facilities, skill training to the
community, sports activities and other similar in the area in consultation with
nearby industries as well as NGOs working in the area for upliftment of
community.
Project will create direct & indirect employment opportunities within the
surrounding region. Unit will use good faith efforts to employ local people
from the nearby villages depending upon the availability of skilled & un-skilled
man-power surrounding the project site.
EIA CONSULTANT :
7.2
In operation phase, the proposed project will require workforce of nontechnical and technical persons. Migration of highly education and skilled
experience will result in increase of literacy in the surrounding villages.
Assessment of the potential socioeconomic benefits during construction
focused primarily on work force requirements, acquisition of supplies, and the
temporary increased demand for services related to the construction project
like food, housing, communications, law enforcement, medical care, local
transportation etc. Due to these, additional revenue to local suppliers for
required products and services related to the construction and operation
phases of the project will generate.
Thus, construction activities will provide numerous new, although temporary,
work opportunities for both skilled and unskilled labor, as well as contribute
significantly to the local economy.
An added benefit to the proposed project will result in considerable growth
of stimulating the industrial and commercial activities in the region. Small and
medium scale industries may be further developed as a consequence.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 8
8.1
CHAPTER – 8
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
8.1 INTRODUCTION
An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a project and site specific plan
developed to ensure that the project is being implemented / operated in an
environmentally sustainable manner where all stakeholders including the
project proponents, contractors, sub-contractors, consultants understand the
potential
environmental
impacts arising from
the project and
take
appropriate actions to properly manage the same. Adequate environmental
management measures need to be incorporated during the planning phase
to minimize any adverse impact and assure sustainable development of the
area. This plan helps in formulations, implementation of environment
protection
measures
suggested
and
development
and
monitoring
programme for environmental parameters during the operation phase of the
project. EMP translates the various conditions of statutory approvals like EC,
NOC & CC&A etc. into action. EMP document states that what action will be
taken and to be executed, what measures will be implemented and what
structures will be required to implement.
8.2 ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS FOR EMP
8.2.1 Operational Philosophy :
All the activities to be undertaken at the plant shall be in complete
compliance with all applicable laws, regulation, standards and guidelines. In
order to achieve this, the unit will establish a resource base for the
management of health, safety, environmental and social issues during
operation phase of the project. Technically qualified and experienced staff
will be in-charge of this activity. The HSE objectives for the unit will consist of
no accidents in plant, no harm to people of surrounding area and no
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.2
damage to the environment. Unit will also be responsible to the community
regarding environmental protection and will promote all practicable control
measures to ensure implementation of project operation phase in an efficient
and environmentally responsible manner.
Success of well formulated Environment Management Plan lies in the
following which shall be fulfilled simultaneously:
1) Management support
2) Efficiency of Environment Management Cell
3) Acceptability of resulting environmental quality
Approximately Rs. 5 Crores will be invested towards implementation of Env.
Management System, whereas recurring cost towards the same will be @ Rs.
1.2 Lacs/ day.
8.2.2 Environment Management Cell :
To facilitate the Environment Management System, one of the most
important aspect is the organization and personnel.
The unit shall form an Environment Management Cell for achievement of the
following :

Collect information from regular monitoring and create a database.

Analyze the data and decide the critical areas for immediate attention
and corrective actions.

Work out action plan for implementation of the recommendations made
under Environment Management Plan.

Prepare budget for environment management program and proper
allocation of the funds for the same.
Qualified and experienced person in the field of Environment either
environmental engineer or environmental scientist will be appointed for
overall responsibility for the management of all the issues related to
Environment, Health and Safety within the plant. In consultation with incharge of the plant, he will directly report to the Senior Management
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.3
(Director / Executive Director) of the company for issues related to the
Environment Management System of the unit.
Organogram of the Environment Management Cell shall be as shown below :
(Director / Executive Director) Senior Managment
Unit Head
Manager
(Environment & Safety)
EMS Team
EMS Team will be responsible for following :

Overall effective and regular operation of Environment Management
System at the plant level.

Effective implementation of the suggested environmental monitoring
program at the plant level.

Measurement of various parameters suggested in environmental
monitoring program as per suggested schedule either departmentally
or through appointing an external agency,

To control the pollution levels below the prescribed limits.

To rectify the problem areas in the EMS, if any and provide necessary
assistance in the form of replacement of any equipment or by
improving performance of the same.

To ensure compliance with the stipulated statutory standards & norms
as well as condition of statutory clearances & approval like EC and
CC&A
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.4
8.3 CORPORATE ENVIRONMNETAL RESPONSIBILITY
Prior to commencement of operative phase of the project, the company will
frame an Environmental policy to be implemented in strict manner. The policy
will cover the following points mainly :

To prepare and maintain site specific legal register listing out all
applicable regulations and compliance requirements

To be in compliance with the conditions granted through statutory
clearances viz. EC, CC&A

To achieve discharge standards beyond the legal compliances
through statutory clearances

To protect and maintain health & safety of the employees as well as
surrounding communities

To minimize/optimize the consumption of natural and manmade
resources by encouraging reduction, reuse and recycle concept

To promote environmental awareness among the employees and
encourage them to work in environmentally responsible manner

To communicate the environmental commitment and performance of
the organization to its clients/customers/public.

To monitor and review of corporate environmental performance and
reporting of non-compliance to Board of directors
The policy shall be communicated to all employees for its effective
implementation. The management shall ensure the availability of resources
essential to implement the corporate environmental policy across all its
activities/projects.
The Environmental management cell to be appointed/framed will be
responsible for compliance with Corporate environmental responsibility.
The
planning, implementation
and
monitoring
of
the
organizational
environmental performance have to be documented meticulously. All
achieved milestones should be well supported by documentary evidence in
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.5
the form of photographs, monitoring records, and/or reports, wherever
applicable.
T he company shall prepare Corporate Environmental Performance Report
inclusive of the major violations / non-conformance occurred in a year. The
same shall be made a part of the Annual report of the company to inform
the stakeholders /shareholders about the same.
8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Above described environment management cell will implement and coordinate the suggested environmental management practices for mitigation
of various impacts associated with the project activity on different
environmental components as described below :
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.6
8.4.1 WATER ENVIRONMENT :

Optimum use of water will be done for construction activities required for
proposed expansion.

Any wastages/leakages will be avoided at all possible locations /
opportunities.

Proper handling of spillages if any will be ensured by introducing spill
control procedures for various chemicals.

Water usage will be carefully monitored and re-use shall be maximized to
the extent possible.

Proper facilities for storage of raw materials (i.e. with roof and pucca
floor) will be provided to prevent storm water contamination during the
storage of various raw materials.

Operation of MVC will be reviewed periodically for ascertaining its
efficiency and quality of recovered water for its further use.

Monitored data will be analyzed and reviewed at regular intervals and
compared with the operating standards so as to take necessary
corrective actions.

Enough care shall be taken to prevent any leakages / accidental
spillages from ETP units in order to avoid any ground water resource
contamination.

The regular environment monitoring shall be done through established
laboratory.
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.7
8.4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT :
 Handling of soils and construction materials will be carefully managed
to minimize the risk of wind-blown material and dust.
 For suppression of dust during required construction activities, water
will be sprinkled at regular interval.
 For proposed project, all transferring and feeding areas will be well covered
to avoid any fugitive emissions.
 For the process area of the plant, proper ventilation will be provided
on the shop floor for proper air circulation to maintain the work area
air quality.
 Proper preventive maintenance of fuel firing system will be ensured.
 Air - fuel ratio will be optimized.
 Efficient working of proposed APC system will be ensured.
 It will be ensured that the vehicles to be deployed at the site should have
PUC certification.
8.4.3 LAND / SOIL QUALITY :

The segregation and storage of all hazardous solid waste generated will be
done for the proposed project.

Regular record keeping of volumes / weights of wastes generated and
disposed will be maintained for the proposed project.

Proper storage, handling and disposal of all type of hazardous solid wastes
as per the guidelines prescribed will be ensured.

There will be no disposal of untreated water on land for the proposed
project.

Any spillage of hazardous chemicals on land area of plant premises should
be avoided.
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.8
8.4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT :
High noise generating machines and processes required for proposed

project will be enclosed and insulated.
Insulation of ventilation pipes and use of dampers will be made at all

possible places.
Implementation of management control on site for limiting transportation

timing by adopting mechanical and technological ideas.
Preventive maintenance schedule will be followed for all instruments and

machineries to maintain good working condition.
Enclosures and barriers will be provided to pumps and machineries

producing high noise levels, required for proposed project.
There will be periodical noise level measurements for verifying compliance

with relevant laws.
Workers exposed to high noise generating operations will be provided with

suitable ear protection devices.
Green belt development will act as a medium for noise absorbance.

8.4.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY :

All reasonably practical measures will be adopted by the unit to minimize
the risk of accidents within a chemical manufacturing unit.

All building plans and installations will be as per relevant laws and will be
approved by competent authority.

Trained workers will be employed for all the hazardous process operations
within the plant and will be supervised by experienced supervisors.

Safety features such as fire extinguishers at strategic locations and suitable
personal protective equipments will be provided.

Flame-proof electrical fittings, flame arrestors etc., will be installed.

All the raw materials will be stored in designated storage area equipped
with necessary safety features.

Periodic inspection & testing of pressure vessels, equipments, machineries
EIA CONSULTANT :
8.9
will be done.

Good house-keeping will be ensured within the factory premises.

Training will be provided to the designated staff & workers for fire fighting,
work permit system, first aid & safe handling of hazardous chemicals.

Incident / accident reporting system will be developed and all the
employees will be made aware for the same.

Suitable notices / boards will be displayed at designated locations
indicating appropriate hazard warnings.

Antidotes as well as MSDS for all the chemicals will be made available
within the factory premises.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 9
9.1
CHAPTER- 9
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
9.1 INTRODUCTION
1. The Isocyanurates based Chlorine chemicals are one of the most
prevalent swimming pool chemicals world-wide. Though its use is
more prevalent in the Western Region, these products have found
their application in India and Asian countries also.
2. Looking to growing demand of speciality chemicals, Trion Chemicals
Pvt. Ltd. intends to set up manufacturing plant for speciality chemicals
at Village : Neja, Ta : Khambhat, Dist. : Anand, Gujarat.
3. The unit will manufacture speciality chemicals namely Tri Chloro
Isocyanurate
and
Sodium
Dichloro
Isocyanurate
Dihydrate
@
1400MT/M cumulative capacity.
4. The proposed product establishment falls under the Item 5 (f) of
Schedule I of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated
14/09/2006 under the provisions of Environmental Protection Act, 1986.
The location of the proposed project not being within the any notified
industrial estate; it will be treated as Category A project.
9.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
5. The proposed project is coming at S. No. 382, Village : Neja, Ta. :
Khambhat, Dist. : Anand, Gujarat.
6. Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. has acquired land area of @33,200 sq. m. for
proposed project, out of which @10,000 sq.m. area will be developed
in form of green area.
7. The cost for the proposed manufacturing plant will be @ Rs. 1800 lacs,
which includes cost of land, building and machineries.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.2
8. The power requirement @ 800 KW will be satisfied by Madhya Gujarat
Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL). To curb with the emergency situations,
during power supply failure, diesel based D.G. set of 100 KVA (2 nos.)
has been proposed to install.
9. At the time of commencement, the initial fresh water requirement will
be @ 240 KLD. While after commencement of the production fresh
water requirement of 43 KLD will be satisfied through bore well and
balance 197 KLD will be satisfied through recovered water from MVC.
10. The major source of wastewater generation will be filtration & washing,
to be taken in to Mechanical Vapor Compressor for evaporation. The
evaporated water will be condensed and reused back in the process
and for other purposes except domestic use.
11. The sources of flue gas emission identified are from the natural gas fired
Thermic fluid heater and Hot air generator.
Being natural gas fired
HAG & TFH, no air pollution control measures have been proposed.
There will be chances of fugitive emissions from handling of raw
materials, which will be controlled through suitable engineering control
measures.
12. The process emissions have been envisaged from the reaction vessels
namely Filtration system, Flash dryer and Granulator for both the
products. Alkali scrubber and Bag fitler have been proposed as air
pollution control measures to control the process emissions within
permissible limits.
13. The sources of hazardous waste generation will be process waste, ETP
sludge, used oil, discarded containers which will be handled as per
HWM Rules, 2008 and its amendment. Moreover, there will be
generation of sodium salt from MVC, which will be sold out to potential
users as by-product.
14. The unit is committed towards the Health and Safety of workers. The
unit will provide adequate number of first aid boxes at strategic
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.3
locations and given training to designated person for the emergency
purpose. The unit will also appoint part-time medical officer for medical
assistance and for ensuring the better health of workers.
15. All the workers will be provided with required personal protective
equipments as and when required as per the nature of job.
16. Green belt / zone will be developed within area of @10000 sq.m. For
development of green belt @Rs. 5.0 Lakhs will be invested. For the
maintenance of the Green Belt annual Recurring cost of @ Rs. 1.5 Lacs
will be allocated in the budget. Greenbelt will be designed to minimize
the predicted levels of the possible air pollutants and noise.
9.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
17. Study period for the baseline data generation work Summer season
(March 2012 to May 2012) and study area was considered as 7 Km
radius considering site as center.
18. Site specific meteorological data for study period from March 2012 to
May 2012 has been collected from Indian Meteorological Department,
Ahmedabad for Vadodara weather monitoring station.
19. The maximum temperature recorded during study period was in the
month of May 2012, i.e. 44.4o C, whereas the minimum temperature
recorded was in the month of March 2012, i.e. 40.4o C. The relative
humidity has varied from 15% to 88% during study period.
20. Total 6 ambient air quality stations were selected in the radius of 7 km
from the project site as centre considering the various factors.
21. At all these sampling locations PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and Cl were
monitored to enable the comparison with ambient air quality
standards prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). In
absents of any source identify for VOCs and HC from process or
handling VOCs and HC monitoring was not carried out.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.4
MINIMUM VALUE
(µg/m3)
MAXIMUM VALUE
(µg/m3)
PM10
51.86
83.00
PM2.5
18.73
64.00
Sulfur dioxide
3.79
18.64
Oxides of Nitrogen
1.96
29.22
PARAMETERS
However, Cl detected below detection limit at all station during the
study period. Detection limit for Cl is 5µg/m3.
22. For characterization of water sources, Ground water samples (from 6
locations)
and surface water samples (from 4 locations)
were
collected and analyzed for drinking water quality parameters i.e.
physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals. All parameters were
found within permissible limit of IS 10500: 2000 (drinking water
standards). No heavy metals were found in any of the samples.
23. The noise levels were measured once during the study period at all
study locations for day time and night time. During monitoring period,
the LEQ (dB(A)) noise levels varied between 60.00 to 68.89 during
daytime and 49.39 to 71.10 during the night time for whole study area.
24. Total 6 sampling locations within study area were identified for
characterization of soil. Physical characteristics of soil have been
delineated through specific parameters, viz. particle size distribution
(grain size analysis), porosity, water holding capacity and permeability
whereas
data
for
chemical
characterization
of
soil,
selected
parameters viz. pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity,
and alkali matter and sodium absorption ratio have been analyzed.
25. Land use pattern of the study area have been obtained through LISS IV
satellite imaginary. The biggest land cover in this area is crop Land
(About 58.45%) followed by Sea area and the dominancy of Land
Cover gradually decreased up to Sandy Area.
26. A detailed on-site survey on flora and fauna existing in study area was
carried out. The study
area does
not
have
any
identified
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.5
endangered species and also does not have any designated forest,
national park, sanctuaries.
27. The general observation of the site visit is that none of the plant and
animal species recorded is rare or endangered. The species of flora
and fauna found in the study area are common as anywhere and
everywhere.
28. Total population of study area is 261,012 with sex ratio of 923 and
average literacy rate of 72 %.
29. At present, agriculture is the major occupation in majority of villages in
which 66-80% households are engaged in half of the villages. Dairy is
the second highly employing occupation which is undertaken by 2050% of households in half of the villages and more than that in the rest.
30. All villages have electric supply available for all purpose. All the villages
are having education facilities up to Primary education.
31. Medical facilities are found satisfactory. All villages have community
health workers.
32. Tap and well, Tube well and Hand pump are prime sources of water in
all villages. For communication purpose, post office and phones are
available in most of the villages.
33. Villages are connected with paved roads. Bus is the main source of
transportation for all villages.
9.4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT
34. Impacts are identified due to proposed project in two phases:
Construction & Operation.
35. Impacts for construction phase will be short term temporary in nature
either positive or negative.
36. The adverse impact will be on air quality and noise level due to
identified activities of proposed project during construction as well as
operation phases.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.6
37. Green belt development will be the activity revealing beneficial
impacts on surrounding environment.
38. Employment generation will contribute positively to the local people
due to proposed project.
39. During operation phase of the project, the estimated requirement of
fresh water quantity is @ 43 KLD, whereas @ 197 KLD water recovered
from MVC will be utilize. As the major quantity of water is to be
recycled, there will be insignificant impact of water usage on water
resources during the operation phase.
40. The unit is also proposing the rain water harvesting structure as well as
recharging borewells for the harvested rain water. Hence, the overall
impact on water quantity due to proposed project will be insignificant.
41. In absence of any direct discharge of effluent into environmental sink,
there will not be any adverse impact on water quality of the region.
However, 65 KLD water (60 KLD recycled and 5 KLD fresh) is to be used
for gardening / plantation purpose within premises, which will
penetrate through ground and may affect ground water quality in long
run.
42. The air quality will be affected moderately during construction phase
of proposed project. The unit has proposed to install natural gas fired
HAG & TFH, hence, no air pollution control measures have been
proposed for flue gas emissions.
43. The anticipated sources of process emissions from the proposed project
are flash dryer, granulator and filtration system having pollutants PM
and Cl2. The unit has proposed suitable air pollution control measures
(Alkali scrubber and Bag filter) to curb the pollutants at source. Hence,
impacts associated from operational phase of the plant will be adverse
and of minor significance.
44. There will be minor significant adverse impact on air quality during
operation phase of the project due to material handling, operation of
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.7
utilities. Development of Green belt of different species will absorb and
confine the pollutants within the premises.
45. The dispersion modeling was done as per the general guidelines of
CPCB vide their publication “Assessment of Impact to Air Environment:
Guidelines for conducting Air Quality Modeling”, 1998 and using ISCST-3
model of USEPA. From the dispersion model, it is observed that the
predicted ambient air quality due to proposed plant operations is well
within limits specified by the CPCB.
46. Incremental increase within the study area due to proposed project will
be as follow :
a. Particulate matter : 0 – 0.322 µg/m3
b. SO2 : 0 – 0.0019 µg/m3
c. NOx : 0 – 0.329 µg/m3
d. Cl: 0 – 0.138 µg/m3
Thus it can be concluded that proposed plant operations will not
adversely impact the air quality. Further, it is emphasized that all the
emissions have to be strictly controlled as mentioned in the mitigation
measures and summarized in the Environmental Management Plan, to
maintain ambient air quality within norms in the future.
47. Placement and fixation of heavy machineries and vessels will have
moderate impact on noise for particular time period only. There will be
continuous generation of noise during plant operations, operation of
boiler having minor significant impact on the environment.
48. The application for conversion of land in to N.A. for proposed project
has been made. During construction phase, the site preparation,
leveling and development work will have adverse impact on quality of
soil.
49. During operative phase, the disposal of hazardous solid wastes will be
made in designated area having pucca floor and Leachate collection
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.8
system, contributing insignificant impact on land / soil. Use of treated
effluent for green belt development may affect soil quality in long run.
50. As per the ecological survey carried out, no rare or endangered
species has been observed in the study area leading to any adverse
impact. The terrestrial ecology of the site will be affected adversely
during the construction phase of the project, which may be
compensated due to development and maintenance of green belt
during operation phase.
51. The proposed project is anticipated to have positive socio-economic
impact as it will generate employment during construction as well as
operation phase. Impact in terms of displacement of habitation and
settlements due to the proposed project is totally absent. No loss or
disturbance of any historic and cultural heritage is associated with the
proposed project. Proposed project will provide the surrounding region
with
business
potential
as
well
as
subsequent
employment
opportunities.
52. Major health and safety issues encountered will be physical hazards,
respiratory hazards, electrical hazards, noise, fire & explosion hazards
associated while working within the plant. A chemical industry also
poses risk such as accidents due to spillage, fire & explosion.
9.5 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY
53. Risk assessment study has been carried out for the storage of identified
hazardous which will be used for manufacturing of proposed products.
The characteristic of the potential hazardous material to be stored are
identified for deciding preventive measures required during storage,
handling and transportation.
54. For the worst case leakage from chlorine cylinders has been carried
out.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.9
55. Statutory guidelines have been followed for preparation of risk
mitigation measures on basis of risk analyzed. Fire fighting system as per
guideline will be installed and maintained.
56. The manual handling of chemical will be avoided as far as possible
and required safety measures will be provided for handling and
transportation of this chemical. Risk mitigation measures are specifically
provided for major and minor spills from storage.
57. Occupational health surveillance program will be planned and
implemented during operational stage.
58. DMP has be prepared for the proposed manufacturing plant and
implemented.
9.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
59. Approximately Rs. 5 Crores will be invested towards implementation of
Env. Management System, whereas recurring cost towards the same
will be @ Rs. 1.2 Lacs/ day.
60. Prior to commencement of operative phase of the project, the
company will frame an Environmental policy to be implemented in
strict manner.
61. The Environmental management cell to be appointed/framed will be
responsible for compliance with Corporate environmental responsibility.
62. The company shall prepare
Corporate Environmental Performance
Report inclusive of the major violations / non-conformance occurred in
a year. The same shall be made a part of the Annual report of the
company to inform the stakeholders /shareholders about the same.
63. The regular environment monitoring shall be done through established
laboratory.
64. Optimum use of water will be done for construction phase as well as for
labours with adequate water supply to labours for drinking water and
sanitation facilities.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.10
65. Operation of MVC will be reviewed periodically for ascertaining its
efficiency and quality of recovered water for its further use.
66. Dust will be the main pollutant affecting the ambient air quality during
construction phase alongwith gaseous emissions during transportation
of required materials. For suppression of dust during construction
activities, water will be sprinkled.
67. For proposed project, all transferring and feeding areas will be well
covered to avoid any fugitive emissions. For the process area of the
plant, proper ventilation will be provided on the shop floor for
proper air circulation to maintain the work area air quality.
68. Efficient working of proposed APC system will be ensured through
periodical monitoring.
69. The segregation and storage of all hazardous solid waste generated
will be done for the proposed project.
70. Proper storage, handling and disposal of all type of hazardous solid
wastes as per the guidelines prescribed will be ensured.
71. Regular maintenance of equipments / machineries will be done by
application of proper lubricating agent. Enclosures and barriers will be
provided to pumps and machineries producing high noise levels for
proposed project.
72. There will be periodical noise level measurements for verifying
compliance with relevant laws.
73. There will be practice of pre medical checkup and regular medical
checkup of employees and periodical training will be imparted for
better occupational health of workers.
74. Training will be provided to the designated staff & workers for fire
fighting, work permit system, first aid & safe handling of hazardous
chemicals.
EIA CONSULTANT :
9.11
75. Trained workers will be employed for all the hazardous process
operations within the plant and will be supervised by experienced
supervisors.
76. Antidotes as well as MSDS for all the chemicals will be made available
within the factory premises.
EIA CONSULTANT :
CHAPTER 10
10.1
CHAPTER- 10
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED
(A) Name
: Ramans Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd.
(B) Address
: 23 & 24 , SF ,Camps Corner ,
Nr. Auda Garden , Prahaladnagar,
Ahmedabad - 380 015
Gujarat
INDIA.
(C)
Telephone
: 91 – 79 –26937472
Fax
: 91 – 79 –40064440
E mail address
:
Company’s Capabilities
[email protected]
:
The company deals with the issues related to environmental pollution control
and also provide better options/solutions for effective control of environmental
pollution i.e. air, water and solid waste disposal. The company has sufficing
infrastructure of its technical staff and has its own laboratory for analysis of
water, wastewater, and solid waste and gaseous emission.
(D) List of Laboratory Equipments :
Sr. No. Name of Instrument
Sr. No. Name of Instrument
1
Monopan Balance
13
Heating mantle
2
Magnetic Stirrer
14
Hot Plate
3
COD
Apparatus
Spectra
Lab
of
M/s 15
Distillation apparatus.
Mumbai
capable to carry out COD of
15 samples at a time using
air condenser columns
4
Refrigerator
16
Muffle Furnace
5
Oven
17
Imhoff Cone
EIA CONSULTANT :
10.2
6
pH meter
18
Stack Sampling kit for PM &
gaseous emission (2 Nos.O
7
Conductivity meter
19
High volume air samplers /
Respirable dust samplers (3
nos)
8
TDS meter
20
Automatic
Sampler
for
Analysis of CO, O2 & CO2 in
combustion process.
9
Spectrophotometer
21
Two handy Air Samplers
10
BOD incubator
22
Weather monitoring station
11
Jar
apparatus
for
the 23
Integrated noise level meter
treatability studies
12
Kjehdal Assembly
24
Fine particle sample PM2.5
(Envirotech APM 550)
EIA CONSULTANT :
10.3
(E)
Details of Technical Persons :
Sr.
Name
No.
1
Mr. Samir
Choksi
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Ms.
Shah
Qualifications
C.
B.E. (Civil),
M.E.
(Env. Eng.)
Prakruti
M.E.
(Env. Mgmt.),
Diploma in Env.
Management &
ISO 14000/1,
Diploma in
Industrial Safety
Ms.
Bhavisha
B.E.
Shah
(Env. Engg.)
Ms. Krupa OZa
B.E.
(Env. Engg.)
Prof. A. B. Vora
Ph.d. (Botany)
Mr. Ajay Mishra
B.Com, Masters
in Sociology
Mr. Sanket Patel
M.Sc. (Env.
Science),
Masters in
Information
System
Ms. Priyadarshini M.A. (sociology)
Parida
Ms. Hiral Mehta
M.Sc. (Env.
Science)
Associate Team Members
10
Mr.
Bhavin
M.E.
Mudiay
(Env. Mgmt.),
11
Ms. Hetal Patel
Empanelled Experts
1
Mr. Vinay kumar
2
Mr. B. S. Lole
M.Sc. (Env.
Science)
Responsibilities in
Total Experience
EIA report
EIA co-ordinator,
20 years with GPCB
FAE – WP, AP
(1978 – 1998)
Since 1998, working
as
Technical
Director
of
the
company
FAE – WP, AP
9.5 years
FAE – SHW
12 years
FAE – AQ
6.5 years
FAE – EB
FAE – SE
56 years
16 years
FAE – AQ, LU
5 years
FAE-SE
5 years
Associate FAE- EB
Baseline data
generation work
2 years
Team member,
EIA report
compilation
Baseline data
generation work
1.5 years
4 years
FAE – NV, LU
FAE – SC
EIA CONSULTANT :
Annexure A
Map showing the distance of Critically / severely polluted area from site
Annexure B
MSDS
Of
SODA ASH
10077 - SODA ASH
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
SODA ASH
1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
TRADE NAME:
SODA ASH
CHEMICAL CLASS:
Sodium carbonate
APPLICATIONS:
Oil well drilling fluid additive. Calcium precipitation
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE:
281-561-1600
SUPPLIER:
TELEPHONE:
FAX:
Supplied by a Business Unit of
M-I L.L.C.
P.O. Box 42842, Houston, Texas 77242-2842
See cover sheet for local supplier.
281-561-1509
281-561-7240
CONTACT PERSON:
Sam Hoskin - Manager, Occupational Health
2. COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
INGREDIENT NAME:
Sodium carbonate
CAS No.:
497-19-8
CONTENTS :
100 %
EPA RQ:
TPQ:
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW:
CAUTION! MAY CAUSE EYE, SKIN AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION. Avoid contact with eyes, skin
and clothing. Avoid breathing airborne product. Keep container closed. Use with adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly
after handling.
amber white powder. Slippery when wet. A nuisance dust.
ACUTE EFFECTS:
HEALTH HAZARDS, GENERAL:
Particulates may cause mechanical irritation to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. Particulate inhalation may lead to
pulmonary fibrosis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and bronchial asthma. Dermatitis and asthma may result from short
contact periods.
INHALATION:
May be irritating to the respiratory tract if inhaled.
INGESTION:
May cause gastric distress, nausea and vomiting if ingested.
SKIN:
May be irritating to the skin.
EYES:
May be irritating to the eyes.
CHRONIC EFFECTS:
CARCINOGENICITY:
IARC: Not listed. OSHA: Not regulated. NTP: Not listed.
1/6
10077 - SODA ASH
ROUTE OF ENTRY:
Inhalation. Skin and/or eye contact.
TARGET ORGANS:
Respiratory system, lungs. Skin. Eyes.
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
GENERAL:
Persons seeking medical attention should carry a copy of this MSDS with them.
INHALATION:
Move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Perform artificial respiration if breathing has stopped. Get medical attention.
INGESTION:
Drink a couple of glasses water or milk. Do not give victim anything to drink of he is unconscious. Get medical attention.
SKIN:
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. Get medical attention if any discomfort
continues.
EYES:
Promptly wash eyes with lots of water while lifting the eye lids. Continue to rinse for at least 15 minutes. Get medical
attention if any discomfort continues.
5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
AUTO IGNITION TEMP. (°F):
FLAMMABILITY LIMIT - LOWER(%):
FLAMMABILITY LIMIT - UPPER(%):
N/D
N/D
N/D
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
Carbon dioxide (CO2). Dry chemicals. Foam. Water spray, fog or mist.
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES:
No specific fire fighting procedure given.
UNUSUAL FIRE & EXPLOSION HAZARDS:
No unusual fire or explosion hazards noted.
HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS:
Irritating gases/vapors/fumes. Oxides of: Carbon. and Sodium.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
PERSONAL PRECAUTIONS:
Wear proper personal protective equipment (see MSDS Section 8).
SPILL CLEAN-UP PROCEDURES:
Carefully sweep up and put in closed containers. Avoid making dust. Do not contaminate drainage or waterways.
Repackage or recycle if possible.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
HANDLING PRECAUTIONS:
Avoid handling causing generation of dust. Wear full protective clothing for prolonged exposure and/or high
concentrations. Eye wash and emergency shower must be available at the work place. Wash hands often and change
clothing when needed. Provide good ventilation. Mechanical ventilation or local exhaust ventilation is required.
2/6
10077 - SODA ASH
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
Store at moderate temperatures in dry, well ventilated area. Keep in original container.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
INGREDIENT NAME:
Sodium carbonate
CAS No.:
497-19-8
OSHA PEL:
TWA: STEL:
5
ACGIH TLV:
OTHER:
TWA: STEL: TWA: STEL: UNITS:
3
mg/m3
resp.dust
INGREDIENT COMMENTS:
Exposure limits are for Particulates Not Otherwise Classified (PNOC).
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
ENGINEERING CONTROLS:
Use appropriate engineering controls such as, exhaust ventilation and process enclosure, to reduce air contamination and
keep worker exposure below the applicable limits.
VENTILATION:
Supply natural or mechanical ventilation adequate to exhaust airborne product and keep exposures below the applicable
limits.
RESPIRATORS: Use at least a NIOSH-approved N95 half-mask disposable or reuseable particulate respirator. In work environments
containing oil mist/aerosol use at least a NIOSH-approved P95 half-mask disposable or reuseable particulate respirator.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Use suitable protective gloves if risk of skin contact.
EYE PROTECTION:
Wear dust resistant safety goggles where there is danger of eye contact.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
Wear appropriate clothing to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact.
HYGIENIC WORK PRACTICES:
Wash promptly with soap and water if skin becomes contaminated. Change work clothing daily if there is any possibility
of contamination.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE/PHYSICAL STATE:
COLOR:
ODOR:
SOLUBILITY DESCRIPTION:
MELT./FREEZ. POINT (°F, interval):
DENSITY/SPECIFIC GRAVITY (g/ml):
BULK DENSITY:
VAPOR DENSITY (air=1):
VAPOR PRESSURE:
pH-VALUE, DILUTED SOLUTION:
Powder, dust.
White.
Odorless or no characteristic odor.
Soluble in water.
1564
2.509
TEMPERATURE (°F): 68
48 lb/ft3; 769 kg/m3
N/A
N/A
TEMPERATURE (°F):
11.4
CONCENTRATION (%,M): 1%
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
3/6
10077 - SODA ASH
STABILITY:
Normally stable.
CONDITIONS TO AVOID:
Reacts with hydrated lime to form sodium hydroxide.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION:
Will not polymerize.
POLYMERIZATION DESCRIPTION:
Not relevant.
MATERIALS TO AVOID:
Strong acids.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS:
No specific hazardous decomposition products noted.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Component:
Sodium carbonate
TOXICOLOGICAL DATA:
Corrosive effects.
Eye irritation test.
Corrosive effects.
TOXIC DOSE - LD 50:
TOXIC CONC. - LC 50:
24 hours.
24 hours.
Eye.
Skin.
Rabbit.
Rabbit.
100 mg - Moderate Irritation
500 mg - Mild Irritaiton
4090 mg/kg (oral rat)
1200 mg/m3/2h (inh-mus)
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ACUTE AQUATIC TOXICITY:
This product is approved for use under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region IX (California) General
NPDES Permit which regulates offshore discharges of drilling fluids. Contact M-I's Environmental Affairs Department
for more information.
This product passes the mysid shrimp toxicity test required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region
VI (Gulf of Mexico) NPDES Permit, which regulates offshore discharge of drilling fluids, when tested in a standard
drilling fluid. Contact M-I's Environmental Affairs Department for more information.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
WASTE MANAGEMENT:
This product does not meet the criteria of a hazardous waste if discarded in its purchased form. Under RCRA, it is the
responsibility of the user of the product to determine at the time of disposal, whether the product meets RCRA criteria for
hazardous waste. This is because product uses, transformations, mixtures, processes, etc, may render the resulting
materials hazardous.
DISPOSAL METHODS:
Recover and reclaim or recycle, if practical. Should this product become a waste, dispose of in a permitted industrial
landfill. Ensure that containers are empty by RCRA criteria prior to disposal in a permitted industrial landfill.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
PRODUCT RQ:
N/A
4/6
10077 - SODA ASH
U.S. DOT:
U.S. DOT CLASS:
Not regulated.
CANADIAN TRANSPORT:
TDGR CLASS:
Not regulated.
SEA TRANSPORT:
IMDG CLASS:
Not regulated.
AIR TRANSPORT:
ICAO CLASS:
Not regulated.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
REGULATORY STATUS OF INGREDIENTS:
CAS No:
NAME:
Sodium carbonate
497-19-8
US FEDERAL REGULATIONS:
WASTE CLASSIFICATION:
REGULATORY STATUS:
TSCA: CERCLA: SARA 302: SARA 313: DSL(CAN):
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Not a hazardous waste by U.S. RCRA criteria. See Section 13.
This Product or its components, if a mixture, is subject to following regulations (Not meant to
be all inclusive - selected regulations represented):
SECTION 313: This product does not contain toxic chemical subject to the reporting
requirements of Section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization
Act of 1986 and 40 CFR Part 372.
SARA 311 Categories:
1: Immediate (Acute) Health Effects.
The components of this product are listed on or are exempt from the following international
chemical registries:
TSCA (U.S.)
EINECS (Europe)
DSL (Canada)
STATE REGULATIONS:
STATE REGULATORY STATUS:
This product or its components, if a mixture, is subject to following regulations (Not meant to
be all inclusive - selected regulations represented):.
None.
PROPOSITION 65: This product does not contain chemicals considered by the State of
California's Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 as causing cancer or
reproductive toxicity, and for which warnings are now required.
CANADIAN REGULATIONS:
LABELS FOR SUPPLY:
REGULATORY STATUS:
This Material Safety Data Sheet has been prepared in compilance with the Controled Product
Regulations.
Canadian WHMIS Classification: D2B - Other Toxic Effects: Toxic Material
5/6
10077 - SODA ASH
16. OTHER INFORMATION
NPCA HMIS HAZARD INDEX:
FLAMMABILITY:
REACTIVITY:
NPCA HMIS PERS. PROTECT. INDEX:
1 Slight Hazard
1 Slight Hazard
0 Minimal Hazard
E - Safety Glasses, Gloves, Dust Respirator
USER NOTES:
N/A = Not applicable N/D = Not determined
INFORMATION SOURCES:
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits, 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, Section 1910.1000, Air
Contaminants.
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices for Chemical Substances
and Physical Agents (latest edition).
Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 9th ed., Lewis, R.J. Sr., (ed.), VNR, New
York, New York, (1997).
Product information provided by the commercial vendor(s).
PREPARED BY:
Sam Hoskin/bb
REVISION No./Repl. MSDS of:
2/January 27, 1998
MSDS STATUS:
Approved.
DATE:
June 16, 2000
DISCLAIMER:
MSDS furnished independent of product sale. While every effort has been made to accurately describe this product, some of the data are obtained from sources
beyond our direct supervision. We cannot make any assertions as to its reliability or completeness; therefore, user may rely on it only at user's risk. We have
made no effort to censor or conceal deleterious aspects of this product. Since we cannot anticipate or control the conditiions under which this information and
product may be used, we make no guarantee that the precautions we have suggested will be adequate for all individuals and/or situations. It is the obligation of
each user of this product to comply with the requirements of all applicable laws regarding use and disposal of this product. Additional information will be
furnished upon request to assist the user; however, no warranty, either expressed or implied, nor liability of any nature with respect to this product or to the data
herein is made or incurred hereunder.
6/6
MSDS
Of
Cyanuric Acid
1
1
0
He a lt h
1
Fire
1
Re a c t iv it y
0
P e rs o n a l
P ro t e c t io n
E
Material Safety Data Sheet
Cyanuric Acid MSDS
Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Cyanuric Acid
Contact Information:
Sciencelab.com, Inc.
14025 Smith Rd.
Houston, Texas 77396
Catalog Codes: SLC1363
CAS#: 108-80-5
US Sales: 1-800-901-7247
International Sales: 1-281-441-4400
RTECS: XZ1800000
TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Cyanuric Acid
Order Online: ScienceLab.com
CI#: Not available.
Synonym: Isocyanuric acid; 2,4,6-Trihydroxy-1,3,5triazine; 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triol; Trihydroxycyanidine;
Tricyanic acid; s-2,4,6-Triazinetriol
CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:
1-800-424-9300
International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887
For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400
Chemical Name: s-Triazine-2,4,6-Triol
Chemical Formula: C3-H3-N3-O3
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name
CAS #
% by Weight
Cyanuric Acid
108-80-5
100
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Not applicable.
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of
inhalation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. Repeated or prolonged exposure is not known to aggravate medical condition.
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact:
Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
p. 1
Skin Contact:
Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water
may be used.
Serious Skin Contact: Not available.
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical
attention.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Points: Not available.
Flammable Limits: Not available.
Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2...).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat. Non-flammable in presence of shocks.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Slightly explosive in presence of open flames and sparks. Non-explosive in presence of shocks.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Evolves cyanic acid upon heating As with most organic solids, fire is possible at elevated
temperatures
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards:
Fine dust dispersed in air in sufficient concentrations, and in the presences of an ignition source is a potential dust explosion
hazard.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill:
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on
the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill:
Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the
contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Section 7: Handling and Storage
Precautions:
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. If ingested, seek medical
advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
p. 2
Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Hygroscopic
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended
exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants
below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection: Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:
Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid
inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this
product.
Exposure Limits: Not available.
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Crystals solid. Crystalline powder.)
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Bitter.
Molecular Weight: 129.07 g/mole
Color: Not available.
pH (1% soln/water): Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Melting Point: 360°C (680°F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: Density: 2.5 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: Not available.
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available.
Ionicity (in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.
Solubility:
Partially soluble in cold water. Insoluble in methanol, diethyl ether, acetone. Insoluble in benzene, chloroform. Soluble in
aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, hot alcohols, pyridine, concentrated hydrochloric acid. Solubility in water: 2000 mg/l
@ 25 deg. C; 1000 mg/200 ml water B
Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data
Stability: The product is stable.
p. 3
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Excess heat, dust generate, moist air or water, incompatible materials
Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents.
Corrosivity: Not available.
Special Remarks on Reactivity:
Violent reaction with ethanol. Hygroscopic; keep container tightly closed.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals:
Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 3400 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): >5000 mg/kg [Rabbit].
Chronic Effects on Humans: Not available.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May cause cancer based on animal test data
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:
Acute Potential Health Efects: Skin: May cause skin irritation. Eyes: Causes mild eye irritation. Inhalation: May cause
respiratory tract irritation. Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May decrease the appetite. Chronic Potential
Health Effects: Ingestion: Prolonged or repeated ingestion may affect the kidneys, metabolism (anorexia/weight loss). The
toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Section 12: Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:
Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal:
Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations.
Section 14: Transport Information
DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
Identification: Not applicable.
p. 4
Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.
Section 15: Other Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations:
Minnesota: Cyanuric Acid TSCA 8(b) inventory: Cyanuric Acid
Other Regulations: EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
Other Classifications:
WHMIS (Canada): Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
DSCL (EEC):
This product is not classified according to the EU regulations. S24/25- Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S26- In case
of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S28- After contact with skin, wash
immediately with plenty of water. S36/37/39- Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45- In case of
accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).
HMIS (U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 1
Fire Hazard: 1
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: E
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 1
Flammability: 1
Reactivity: 0
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:
Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Safety glasses.
Section 16: Other Information
References: Not available.
Other Special Considerations: Not available.
Created: 10/09/2005 05:02 PM
Last Updated: 06/09/2012 12:00 PM
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we
make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume
no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for
their particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for
lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.com
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
p. 5
MSDS
Of
CHLORINE
(CHLORINE)
I.
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
Chemical Name : Chlorine
Trade Name
: Liquid Chlorine
Synonyms
: Liquefied chlorine gas, chlorine gas, chlor,
Molecular chlorine, diatomic chlorine, Cl
II.
COMPOSITION / INGREDIENTS
Liquid Chlorine, % : 99.99 % by volume
Chemical Formula : Cl 2
Molecular Weight : 70.90 g/mole
CAS Registry No. : 7782 -50-5
III.
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EXPOSURE TO THIS PRODUCT IS :
Highly toxic age nt via inhalation and ingestion. Primarily
an intense respiratory irritant and a major potential hazard
upon contact to skin and eyes. Sufficient concentration of
the gas irritates the mucous membranes. It can cause
pulmonary edema. Liquid chlorine in con tact with skin will
cause frostbite, smarting of the skin and first-degree burns
on short exposure; may cause secondary burns on long
exposure. Vapors will cause severe irritation of eyes and
throat and can cause eye and lung injury. Vapors cannot
be to lerated even at low concentrations. In extreme
cases, difficulty of breathing may increase to the point
where death can occur from suffocation. The
characteristic, penetrating odor of chlorine gas gives
warning of its presence in the air.
IV.
FIRST AID MEASURES
GENERAL:
Prompt treatment of anyone overcome or seriously
exposed to chlorine, is of utmost importance. The patient
should be removed from contaminated area. Obtain
medical assistance as soon as possible.
CONTACT WITH SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBR ANES: Immediately
wash contaminated skin and clothing with copious amounts of
water for a minimum of 15 minutes . Contaminated clothing
should be removed under the shower and the chlorine should
be washed off with very large quantities of water. Skin area s
should be washed with large quantities of soap and water.
Never attempt to neutralize chlorine with chemicals. Salves
and ointment should not be applied unless directed by a
physician. Call or see a physician . (If victim has also inhaled
chlorine, first aid for inhalation should be given first).
Immediately flush eyes with
large
amount of running water for at least 15 minutes even if
minute quantities of liquid chlorine enter the eyes. Never
attempt to neutralize wi th chemicals. The eyelids should
be held apart during this period to ensure contact of
water with accessible tissues of the eyes and lids. Call a
physician, preferably and eye specialist, at once. If
physician is not immediately available, the eye irriga tion
should be continued for a second period of 15 minutes.
No oils or oily ointments, or any medications should be
instilled unless ordered by the physician.
INHALATION: Remove victim from source of exposure. If
breathing has not ceased, the patient should be placed in
a comfortable position and be kept warm and remain at
rest until medical help arrives
. If breathing stops,
administer artificial respiration. If available, oxygen
should be administered. Call a physician.
INGESTION: Not pertinent , ingestion unlikely (chlorine is a
gas above –34.5 0C).
CONTACT WITH EYES:
V.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
Autoignition Point : Not Applicable
Flash Point
: Not Flammable
Flammability/Explosive limits : Not Flammable
Fire/Explosion Hazards: Toxic products are genera ted when
combustibles burn with chlorine, although gas is not
flammable.
Fire Prevention/ Extinguishing Media : Not Applicable
VI.
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
IN CASE OF SPILL OR RELEASE
;
Move people from the area. Move upwind. Avoid contact with
acid. Stop leaks if safe to do so. Reposition container if this
will reduce or stop leakage. If leak continues, remove leaking
container fr om vehicle or move other materials from vehicle
away from container. Never use water on a chlorine leak.
Water will make the leak worst. If efforts to control leak fails,
and the leakage continues, suitable provision should be
available with all Chlorin e from the leaking containers.
Chlorine maybe absorbed in solution of caustic soda, soda
ash or hydrated lime.
(CHLORINE)
VII.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Storage Requirements: Protect against physical damage.
Store outdoors or indoors in a well -ventilated, detached, or
segregated area of noncombustible construction.
Incompatible Materials: Store away from heat. Separate from
combustible, organic, or easily oxidizable materials and
especially isolate from acetylene, ammonia, hydrogen,
hydrocarbons, ether, turpentine, and finely divided metals.
Containers: 50Kg, 68Kg and 1 Ton cylinders
Use Instructions: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and
eye/face protection. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear
suitable respiratory equipment.
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE for all emergencies – Shut off
vehicle engine and any electrical equipment. Move people
from immediate area; keep upwind. Consider initial
evacuation distance of 100 meters in all directions. Send
messenger, notify fire brigade telling th
em location,
material, quantity, UN number and emergency contact as
well as condition of vehicles and damaged observed. Do
not move vehicle if movement could cause spillage. Warn
traffic.
VIII.
EXPOSURE CONTROLS AND PROTECTION
Ventilation: Use only in well-ventilated areas.
Protective Equipment for the eyes and skin :
Splash proof and face shield goggles, disposable latex/
rubber apron, PVC rain suits, rubber boots with pant legs
over boots.
Respiratory Protection Requirements: NIOSH/MSHA approved
respirator should be used.
Precautionary Hygiene/health/control measures :
Chlorine is not a serious industrial hazard if workers are
adequately instructed and supervised in proper means of
handling it. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and c
lothing.
Do not breathe mist or vapor. Wash thoroughly after
handling. Safety showers and eye wash fountains should
be available in storage and handling area. Any protective
clothing contaminated with hydrochloric acid should be
removed immediately and thoroughly laundered before
wearing again.
IX
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
STATE
: Gas at normal condition, liquefied
APPEARANCE
: Greenish yellow gas, amber liquid in
compressed gas (as shipped)
pressured container
characteristic choking/ pungent
0
0
-34 C = -29 F at 1 atmosphere
0
0
- 101 C = -150 F
Liquid = 1.467 at 0 0C, 1.424 at 150C
Vapor (Gas) = 2.4
CRITICAL PRESSURE : 76.05 atm = 1118 psia
0
0
CRITICAL TEMPERATURE: 144 C = 291 F
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: slightly soluble
ODOR
BOILING POINT
FREEZING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
:
:
:
:
X.
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Stability: Stable.
Hazardous polymerization will not occur.
Hazardous decomposition product: will not decompose.
Reactivity with water: Forms a corrosive solution. Weak
solutions of hydrochlo ric acid and hypochlorous acids are
formed. Highly corrosive in the presence of moisture.
Reactivity with metals : Reacts vigorously with most metals at
high temperature. Copper may burn spontaneously.
Reactions with other elements: Unites with most elem
ents
under specific conditions. These reactions may be
extremely rapid.
Reactions with Inorganic Compounds: Forms soda and lime
bleaches (hypochlorites). Reacts with hydrogen sulfide,
ammonia or ammonium compounds.
Reactions with Organic Compounds: May f orm chlorinated
derivatives and hydrogen chloride.
XI.
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ACUTE TOXICITY : When a sufficient concentration of chlorine
gas is present, it will irritate the mucous membranes, the
respiratory system and the skin. Larg e amounts cause
irritation of eyes, coughing and labored breathing. If the
duration of exposure or the concentration of chlorine is
excessive, general excitement of the person affected,
accompanied by restlessness, throat irritation, and
sneezing and copious salivation results. The symptoms of
exposure to high concentrations are retching and vomiting,
followed by difficult breathing. Chlorine produces no
systemic effect. All symptoms and signs result directly or
indirectly from the local irritant action.
CHRONIC TOXICITY: Low concentrations of chlorine gas in the
air may have a minor irritating effect or may produce slight
symptoms after several hours exposure, but careful
examination of persons repeatedly exposed to such
conditions reportedly have shown no chronic effect.
Reproductive Effects/Cancer Information:
XII.
No data available
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ECOTOXICITY DATA : Combination of chlorine with ammonia ,
organic matter, and cyanide maybe detrimental to fish
life.
WATER-POLLUTION RISK CLASSIFICATION: Harmful to aquatic
life in very low concentrations
XIII.
DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Add to large volume of concen
trated reducer (hypo, a
bisulfite, or a ferrous salt and acidify with 3M H2SO4). When
reduction is complete, add soda ash or dilute HCl to
neutralize.
Dispose of in accordance with all Government and Local
regulations regarding health and safety.
(CHLORINE)
XIV.
TRANSPORT INFORMATION
Transportation of Dangerous Goods
TDG Classification: Do not ship by air.
DOT Hazard Classification: Nonflammable gas;
Label : Nonflammable gas and poison
DOT Shipping Name : Liquefied Chlorine Gas ID: UN 1017
XV.
REGULATORY INFORMATION
No data available
XVI.
OTHER INFORMATION
References:
1. Manufacturing Chemists' Association, 1825 Connecticut
Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009
Chemical Safety Data Sheet No. SD 80 "Chlorine"
(1970 )
2. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Material Report, Vol.
9, No. 4, 1989 "Chlorine"
3. "Chlorine Manual" Mabuhay Vinyl Corporation, Iligan
City
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PRESENTED IN GOOD FAITH AND BELIEVED TO BE CORRECT AS OF THE DATE OF
ISSUE. HOWEVER, NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED IS GIVEN BY MABUHAY VINYL CORPORATION REGARDING THE USE OF
THIS MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) .
MSDS
Of
CAUSTIC LYE
Caustic Soda Lye (CSL)
MSDS Name:
Caustic Soda Lye (CSL), 50 wt% solution in water
Synonyms:
Company Identification:
Company Identification: (INDIA)
For information in the INDIA, call:
Hazel Mercantile Limited
701, Embassy Centre , Nariman Point , Mumbai – 400 021
+91-22-2282 4444 (50 Lines)
Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients
CAS#
Chemical Name:
%
EINECS#
Hazard Symbols:
Risk Phrases:
1310-73-2
50
215-185-5
C
35
7732-18-5
Water
50
231-791-2
Text for R-phrases: see Section 16
Hazard Symbols:
C
Risk Phrases:
35
Section 3 - Hazards Identification
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Causes severe burns.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes severe eye burns.
Skin:
Causes skin burns. May cause deep, penetrating ulcers of the skin.
Ingestion:
Inhalation:
Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Causes severe pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock.
May cause corrosion and permanent tissue destruction of the esophagus and digestive tract.
Irritation may lead to chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. Causes severe irritation of
upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. Causes
chemical burns to the respiratory tract.
Chronic:
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures
Eyes:
Skin:
Ingestion:
Inhalation:
Notes to Physician:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the
upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Discard contaminated clothing
in a manner which limits further exposure.
Do not induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately.
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Treat symptomatically and supportively.
Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures
General
Information:
Extinguishing
Media:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand,
MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. May react with metals and
lead to the formation of flammable hydrogen gas.
Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures
General
Information:
Spills/Leaks:
Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable
container.
Section 7 - Handling and Storage
Handling:
Storage:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Do not allow water to get into
the container because of violent reaction. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not
get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, wellventilated area away from incompatible substances. Corrosives area. Store under an inert
atmosphere.
Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a
safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Use adequate
general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible
exposure limits.
Exposure Limits
CAS# 1310-73-2:
United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 2 mg/m3 STEL
United States OSHA: 2 mg/m3 TWA
Belgium - TWA: 2 mg/m3 VLE
France - VME: 2 mg/m3 VME
Germany: 2 mg/m3 TWA (inhalable fraction)
Japan: 2 mg/m3 Ceiling
Malaysia: 2 mg/m3 Ceiling
Spain: 2 mg/m3 VLA-EC
CAS# 7732-18-5:
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes:
Skin:
Clothing:
Respirators:
Wear chemical splash goggles.
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN
149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure
limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical State:
Color:
Odor:
pH:
Vapor Pressure:
Viscosity:
Boiling Point:
Freezing/Melting Point:
Autoignition Temperature:
Flash Point:
Explosion Limits: Lower:
Explosion Limits: Upper:
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water:
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula:
Molecular Weight:
Viscous liquid
clear colorless
Not available
>13
Not available
Not available
145 deg C ( 293.00°F)
12 deg C ( 53.60°F)
Not available
Not available
Not available
Not available
Not available
Soluble
0.935
NaOH
40
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity
Chemical Stability:
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatibilities with Other
Materials
Hazardous Decomposition
Products
Hazardous Polymerization
Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage
and handling conditions. Absorbs carbon dioxide from the air.
Incompatible materials, exposure to air.
Water, acids, aluminum, chlorinated solvents, copper, copper alloys,
magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, tin, organic materials.
Sodium oxide.
Will not occur.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information
RTECS#:
LD50/LC50:
Carcinogenicity:
Other:
CAS# 1310-73-2: WB4900000
CAS# 7732-18-5: ZC0110000
RTECS:
CAS# 1310-73-2: Draize test, rabbit, eye: 400 ug Mild;
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 1% Severe;
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 50 ug/24H Severe;
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 1 mg/24H Severe;
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Severe;
RTECS: CAS# 7732-18-5: Oral, rat: LD50 = >90 mL/kg;
Other:
Sodium hydroxide - Not listed as a carcinogen by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65.
Water - Not listed as a carcinogen by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65.
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
Section 12 - Disposal Considerations
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.
Section 13 - Transport Information
Shipping
Name:
Hazard Class:
IATA
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SOLUTION
8
IMO
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SOLUTION
8
UN Number:
1824
1824
Packing
II
II
Group:
USA RQ: CAS# 1310-73-2: 1000 lb final RQ; 454 kg final RQ
RID/ADR
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SOLUTION
8
1824
II
Section 14 - Regulatory Information
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: C
Risk Phrases:
R 35 Causes severe burns.
Safety Phrases:
S 26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label
where possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 1310-73-2: 1
CAS# 7732-18-5: Not available
Canada
CAS# 1310-73-2 is listed on Canada's DSL List
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List
US Federal
TSCA
CAS# 1310-73-2 is listed on the TSCA Inventory.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on the TSCA Inventory.
Section 15 - Other Information
Text for R-phrases from Section 2
R 35 causes severe burns.
MSDS Creation Date:
Revision #1 Date
08/16/2007
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we
make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we
assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the
information for their particular purposes. In no event shall the company be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any
third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential, or exemplary damages howsoever arising, even
if the company has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

Trion Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. - Gujarat Pollution Control Board

Transcription

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