Presentation on Sustainable Use, Supply and Production of

Transcription

ADB
UNEP
IEA
FINESSE AFRICA PROGRAM
JOINT WORKSHOP ON
Sustainable Use, Supply and Production of
Biomass Energy in Africa
NAIROBI - KENYA
Date: 9th – 11th October 2006
Biogas Technologies, West Africa Ltd.
www.biogasonline.com
SUSTAINABLE SEWAGE AND BIODEGRADABLE
SOLID ORGANIC WASTE-TO-ENERGY
TECHNOLOGY
PRESENTATION
By:
Dr. John Afari Idan (CEO)
BIOGAS TECHNOLOGIES WEST AFRICA LTD. (BTWAL)
BIOMASS AS RAW
MATERIAL
IS
POPULATION
DEPENDANT
SOURCES OF BIOMASS
IN AFRICA
Human
Animals
Plants
HUMAN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN
IN AFRICA
DOMESTIC: Households
PUBLIC FACILITIES: Churches,
Mosque’s, Public Places of
Convenience, etc
COMMERCIAL: Offices, Stores,
Markets, etc
ENTERTAINMENT CENTRES:
Restaurants, Hotels, Cinema's, Service
Stations, Tourist Areas, Stadia, etc
INSTITUTIONS: Schools, Hospitals, Real
Estates, Police and Military Barracks,
Prisons, etc
ANIMALS BIOMASS SUPPLY
CHAIN IN AFRICA
MEAT PROCESSING
ABATTOIR
FISH PROCESSING
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
PLANTS BIOMASS SUPPLY
CHAIN IN AFRICA
FOOD PROCESSING
AGRO-PROCESSING
WOOD PROCESSING
THE 3 R’s PRINCIPLE
RECOVERY
RECYCLE
RE-USE
RECOVERY
Recover as much as
possible all discarded
Biodegradable
Organic Matter
RECYCLE
Integrate Sewage,
Biodegradable
Municipal Waste, and
Waste from Animals
RE-USE
Re-use the
products that will
be the results of
recycling
THE BIOGAS
TECHNOLOGIES, WEST AFRICA LIMITED (BTWAL) /
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION SYSTEM (ADS)
SUSTAINABLE INTERGRATED
APPROACH
WASTE-TO-ENERGY
TECHNOLOGY
MAIN DRIVERS OF THE BTWAL/ADS
SANITATION
SUSTAINABLE LAND USE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
QUANTIFIABLE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
BENEFITS
CONSUMABLE WATER SAVINGS
HEALTH IMPACTS
ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS (CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Components of BTWAL/ADS
Waste-to-Energy Plant
The Bio-digester (s)
The Expansion Chambers
Filtration Beds
UV Water Treatment System
Treated Effluent storage
Biogas Recovery Balloon
Biogas end-use accessories
A COMPLETED BIOGAS DIGESTER AND FILTRATION BED
Trasacco Valley Estates, Accra - Ghana
THE BIOGAS PLANT AT THE NESTLE FACTORY, TEMA - GHANA
THE BIOGAS PLANT AT THE ACCRA
PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL – GHANA
PRODUCTS OF THE
BTWAL/ADS PLANTS
BIOGAS
(Methane 60-70%, Carbon Dioxide 30-40%, Hydrogen
Sulphide 0.15%, Nitrogen 20% and Water 4%
EFFLUENT SLURRY
The Biogas Capture Balloon at the Accra
Psychiatric Hospital
Biogas Meters
Typical Monthly biogas generation
Metering Data,1995-2003`
- St Dominic’s Hospital Plant. Akwatia, Ghana
12,000
10,000
Liters Biogas
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
Dec. Apr. Aug. D
94
95
95 ec95
Apr. Aug. D
96
96 ec96
Apr. Aug. D
97
97 ec97
PLANT NO 1
Apr. Aug. D
98
98 ec98
PLANT NO 2
Apr. Aug. D
99
99 ec99
PLANT NO 3
Apr00
PLANT NO 4
A
ug00
D
ec00
Apr01
PLANT NO 5
A
ug01
D
ec01
Apr02
A
ug02
D
ec02
Apr03
A
ug03
Typical Annual biogas generation
Metering Data,1995-2003`
Annual Biogas Generation, 1995-2003
100,000
90,000
80,000
Liters Biogas
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
-
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
PLANT NO 5 (Liters) 13,478
12,059
12,266
9,105
13,237
15,015
16,790
14,023
12,310
19,224
18,393
23,903
25,920
31,387
20,726
15,845
12,866
17,644
19,622
16,189
23,608
20,144
25,808
33,817
25,307
12,303
15,709
12,814
15,155
17,119
17,262
15,155
8,255
12,065
16,588
18,924
14,359
14,047
13,964
15,898
14,377
Annual biogas generation and Equivalent in other fuel
types, 1995-2003
Biogas Generation Equivalent to Other Fuel Types
600.0
500.0
400.0
300.0
200.0
100.0
1995
1996
TOTAL BIOGAS (m3/year)
1997
1998
LPG Equivalent (kg/year)
1999
2000
LPG Equivalent (Cylinders/year)
2001
2002
Wood Fuel Equivalent
2003
Charcoal Equivalent
Biogas Utilization Equipment
for Gas Combustion

STOVE

REFRIDGERATOR

ELECTRICITY GENERATOR
COOKING EQUIPMENT – Biogas Stoves at
Valley View University, Accra - Ghana
ABSORPTION DIFFUSION GAS
REFRIDGERATOR
BIOGAS ELECTRICITY GENERATOR
THE TREATED EFFLUENT SLURRY
Nitrogen Rich Liquid Slurry
(Fertilizer)
THE TREATED EFFLUENT
SLURRY FOR NON-CRITICAL
APPLICATION
W. C. FLUSHING
AFFORESTATION
LANDSCAPING
THE TREATED EFFLUENT STORAGE FOR RE-USE IN TOILETS
Alternative uses of Treated water for
Woodlot Plantation Irrigation
THE DIRECT ECONOMIC
BENEFITS
•
•
•
•
Replacement of Septic Tank
Replacement of Waste Stabilization Ponds
Water Savings (Cistern
Methods)
Treated Effluent (water) Utilization
Alternative Uses
– Water use reduction
– Treated Effluent for re-flushing
–
•
Biogas Generation
Community and Health Benefits
• Pathogen Destruction
• Sanitation and Health Benefits
•
Avoidance of odour nuisance from Septic
Emptying
•
Elimination of seasonal overflows of septic
tanks
Effluent Water Quality Analysis
Sample Code: TRASACO VALLEY ESTATES
Sampling Date: 13/8/2004
Sampling Time: 11.45 a.m. – 12.10 a.m.
Date of Analysis: 13 – 18 /8/2004
Source/Purpose: Trasacco Valley Estates Quality Evaluation
Sample Size: 2 Litres
Date of Report: 21/8/2004
Parameters
Site 1:BIOGAS
Effluent
E.P.A. Guideline
Values
Temperature (oC)
PH
Conductivity (µS/cm)
Dept
Salinity (%)
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l)
Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)
COD (mgO2/l)
BOD (mgO2/l)
Sulphate (mg/l)
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg/l)
Iron (mg/l)
Ammonium Nitrogen
Total coliforms (MPN/100 ml)
Zinc
Lead
34.6
7.15
709
1.9 meters
0.1
40
1.9
46
142
14
9
30
0.10
16.9
137
0.4
0.2
<3oC above ambient
6-9
1500
1000
50
250
50
300
50
1.0
50
400
10
0.1
*Exceeds Environmental Protection Agency Effluent Quality Guidelines
Submitted by
MR. EMMANUEL APPOH (ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST)
E. P. A.
OPERATING BIOGAS PLANTS IN GHANA
DESIGNED AND CONSTRUCTED BY: BIOGAS TECHNOLOGIES WEST AFRICA LTD.
PROJECT
NO.
PROJECT TITLE
PLANTS CAPACITY
BENEFICIARY
YEAR OF
CONSTRUCTIO
N
INSTITUTION
HEALTH
1
Construction of Biogas
Plants
280m3 (Five Plants)
The Hospital
1994
St. Dominic’s Cath. Hosp.
Akwatia
2
Plants
240m3 (Four Plants
The Hospital
1995
Battor Catholic Hospital
3
Plant
Twin 60m3
The Hospital
2001
Tamale Regional Hospital
4
Construction of Biolatrine
12 seater with a 40m3 digester
The Hospital
2002
Tamale West Hospital
5
Sewage System
Rehabilitation
Twin 50m3
The Hospital
2003
Accra Psychiatric Hospital
6
Sewage Treatment Plant
80m3
The Hospital
2004
Koforidua Regional Hospital
1
Biogas Plant
50m3
Dept. of Animal Science
1999
KNUST - KUMASI
2
Biogas Plant
30m3
Tema East Basic Exp.
Sch.
2002
Educational
3
Biogas Plant
78.3m3
The University
2003
Valley View University
4
Biogas Plant
20m3
The Orphanage Home
2001
Abdullam Orphanage,
Obuasi
5
Anaerobic Sanitation Plant
50m3
Kinder Paradise,
Prampram
2004
Children Orphanage,
Prampram
1
Biogas Plant
14 plants with a total volume of
886m3
Anglo-Gold Ashanti
Estate Department
2000
Anglo-Gold Ashanti
2
Biogas Plant
Twin 60m3
Nestle Ghana Limited
2004
Nestle Ghana Limited, Tema
EDUCATION
INDUSTRIES
MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY
1
Biolatrine
16-seater Biolatrine with a 40m3
Plant
Abeman/Oshiuman
2000
GPRP – Social Investment
Fund
2
Twin 8-seater Biolatrine
8-seater Biolatrine with a 30m3
Plant
Sege – Sokorpe
2002
GPRP – Social Investment
Fund
Sewage Treatment Plant
4 Plant with a total volume of
260m3
Trasacco Valley Estates
2002
Trasacco Valley Estates
Develop.
Biogas Plant
50m3
The Hotel
2006
Airport West Hospitality,
Accra
1
Biogas Plant
8m3
Dr. E. N. Mensah
2002
Tema
2
Biogas Plant
8m3
Mr. Ransford Tetteh
2002
Teshie, Tsuiblewoo
3
Biogas Plant
12m3
Mr. Kofi Ayim
2002
Anyaa Down
4
Biogas Plant
10m3
Mr. Quainoo
2004
New Legon
5
Biogas Plant
10m3
Bethlehem All Family
2005
Bethlehem, Tema
REAL ESTATE
1
HOTELS
1
DOMESTIC
THE RELEVANCE OF THE BTWAL/ADS TO
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)

The KYOTO Protocol

World Bank Quantified Emission
Reduction (WBQER)

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

UNIDO Cleaner Production
[email protected]
Thanks for your
Attention

Presentation on Sustainable Use, Supply and Production of

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