hammonds fuel additives, inc. - Technology Lubricants Corporation

Transcription

HAMMONDS FUEL ADDITIVES, INC.
15760 WEST HARDY ROAD, SUITE 400 •HOUSTON, TEXAS 77060-3147 • (281) 999-2900 • (800) 584-9166 • FAX: (281) 847-5129
“BUGS IN MY FUEL”
Answers to the Most Frequently Asked Questions on Microbial Growth in Fuel
What are microorganisms, or bugs?
The scientific names for the types of organisms that live in petroleum products are Cladosporium
Resinae and Pseudomonas Aeruqinosa. The organisms are either air or water borne and contaminate fuel
systems be entering through vents, standing water in sump bottoms, dissolved “free water” or trash incurred
during transport or delivery. They grow at incredible rates with some varieties having the ability to double in
size every 20 minutes.
What do these bugs do?
These slimy bugs live and multiply in the fuel / water interface. They actually exist in the water and
feed off the hydrocarbons in the fuel. They are referred to as Hydrocarbon Utilizing Microorganisms,
commonly known as HUM-Bugs. As they grow, they form mats that are dark in color and appear gel-like.
Their waste produces water, sludge, acids and other harmful by-products. Microorganisms will also
consume rubber gaskets, o-rings, hoses or tank linings and coatings for their mineral contents.
How do I know I have bugs?
The signs of microbial growth can vary. Some of the obvious signs are clogged filters, loss of
engine power due to fuel starvation because of plugged lines, contamination on tank bottoms, fuel with a
sulfur smell and tank access lids with green or brown slimy formations.
A more definite appraisal may be made with the use of a microbe detector kit. An easy-to-use test
kit is the HUM-Bug Detector® Kit available through Hammonds Fuel Additives, Inc.
Why do I need to control microbes in fuel systems?
A sterile fuel system is one with lower maintenance costs. That translates to reduce equipment
disruptions, or downtime due to fuel system complications. The elimination of bugs in both storage and
equipment tanks will also produce the chances of leaking tanks due to corrosion from microorganisms’ acid
waste products.
Isn’t good fuel management and proper “housekeeping” enough to avoid problems?
Keeping petroleum products dry and clean is essential to any well-maintained storage operation. The
monitoring of water bottoms and removal of trash and particulate matter is very important. However, the
highest standards of housekeeping will not ensure the absence of microbial infestations and associated
problems. Microbial spores can exist in a dormant stage for extended periods of time, waiting for trace
amounts of water or improved growing conditions.
What should I do if I find I have a bug problem?
Blend BIOBOR® JF into your fuel tank at the recommended 270 PPM by weight. Allow the tanks to
be uninterrupted for at least 24 hours. Depending on the severity of the infestation, results may be seen in as
little as 16 hours but can require as much as 72 hours in order to provide a complete kill. Place tank back in
operation and monitor filters for residual build up. Once BIOBOR® JF has done its job of exterminating the
infestation, the remains might appear as coffee grains in the bottom of the tank.
Once I have a sterile tank and fuel system, how can I prevent these problems from happening
again?
The use of BIOBOR® JF at a rate of 135 PPM is a preventative measure and will deter any future
infestations. BIOBOR® JF Fuel Additive will correct and prevent microorganism contamination in
petroleum products. Periodic fuel testing with the Hum-bug Detector® Kit will also verify the effectiveness
of the BIOBOR® JF additive.
Aren’t there other products on the market that can cure the problem and do other things in
addition?
Yes, there are other products on the market, some that have a list of problems that they propose to
cure. However, when a product is formulated, it can have many different ingredients designed to do many
different things. When this is done, it is difficult to get enough of any one ingredient to perform any job
well. BIOBOR® JF is specifically designed to do one job, and do it very effectively without being harmful to
the user, the fuel or the environment.
Why is Biobor® JF so effective?
As you may have noted from the can label, BIOBOR® JF is registered with the EPA as a pesticide.
Any additive which has the proper amount of the effective ingredients with dosages strong enough to truly
“kill” or eliminate a growing organism, must have its contents and label approved and registered by the EPA.
How can I find out more about Biobor® JF?
Call or write Hammonds Fuel Additives, Inc. at:
15760 WEST HARDY ROAD, SUITE 400
HOUSTON TEXAS 77060-3147
PHONE: 281 820 5674 OR TOLL FREE 800 548 9166
FAX: 281-847 5129
We will be glad to send you additional technical data, or have our Marketing Technical Services
Department visit with you to discuss your particular problem and solution.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USE
OF BIOBOR® JF
BIOBOR® JF is best used with a fuel management plan. Included in this regular maintenance
schedule should be daily inspection routines. The plan for BIOBOR® JF use includes correct dosage,
frequency and method of applications.
Maintenance includes the care of the fuel and the fuel system. Of prime importance is the frequent
and regular removal of water from both the storage tank and vehicles. Check tanks for uneven bottoms
which cannot be drained.
Inspect fuel for quality. Check storage tanks, fuel systems and vehicle’s operational tanks for
microbes. Early detection prevents damage, and allows for easier treatment with BIOBOR® JF.
Proper fuel management is necessary to control microbial growth, but as with the use of
preservatives to prevent food spoilage, some other insurance is needed. BIOBOR® JF is that insurance.
BIOBOR® JF is a powerful, safe, and effective biocide for fuel. When used correctly, it will bring a
fuel system to sterility and keep it that way. The necessary information and steps are outlined below.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Correct dosage.
Careful addition injection to the system.
Suitable contact time.
Frequency of use.
There are two (2) levels of addition; a shock dose for contaminated or at risk systems, and the
maintenance dose for clean, less risky systems.
The meaning of a contaminated system is obvious. Microorganisms have been identified or
contamination is highly suspected because one or more of the following exist:
1. Slime has been found on the filters.
2. Slime has been found on the surfaces.
3. A problem has developed with fuel lines plugging.
Once one of these preliminary symptoms is noticed, a fuel sample should be taken and tested. One
of the industry wide, recognized tests for the existence of harmful Hydrocarbon Utilizing Microorganisms is
the HUM-Bug Detector® Kit, also available through Hammonds Fuel Additives, Inc., Houston, Texas.
A system is at risk if one or more of the following conditions exist:
1. The fuel will be stored or the vehicle is not in constant use.
2. Fuel quality is suspect. (Some fuels are heavily contaminated due to improper
handling).
3. The vehicle operates in warm, humid areas.
4. Past history of the vehicle or sip indicates a continuing potential for problems.
5. Condensation with side variations in day / night temperature, spring and fall may be
higher risk times.
Systems can be a lower risk under the following conditions;
1. Fuel is bought with good quality assurance and is maintained carefully with frequent
inspections.
2. Vehicles are used frequently (this only lowers the risk slightly).
3. Tanks are sumped frequently and regularly, and / or have water removal systems.
4. Past history indicates problems of contamination are rare.
5. Winter will slow the growth rate (most microorganisms slow their growth rate in the
cold). Note: Microorganisms are not killed by cold, only put into a dormant state.
Assessing risk is a judgment matter. Manufactures have to be taken into account, and are necessarily
different for each case.
The highest dosage level of BIOBOR® JF ever recommended is 270 parts per million (PPM). This
level is approximately equal to one gallon of BIOBOR® JF for 5,000 gallons of fuel. The 135 PPM dose may
not be strong enough to clean a contaminated system.
There are two (2) factors of consideration when using BIOBOR® JF.
1. BIOBOR® JF must reach all areas of a system to be effective.
2. The fuel / water BIOBOR® JF system is a complex one, and BIOBOR® JF needs to be
distributed evenly throughout.
The most reliable way to get BIOBOR® JF into the fuel is by metered injection. With proper metered
injection, BIOBOR® JF is blended instantly to the correct dose so there are no areas in the tank that get high
of low levels, and the problem of solids formation is avoided. (The subject of solids formation is discussed
at length in the Hammonds’ Service Bulletin 980 and Service Bulletin 982). There are several manufactures
of metering systems who can be consulted on the details of the equipment available. Hammonds Technical
Services, Inc. in Houston, Texas, manufactures fluid injector systems which are compatible with this product
and are operated independently of any other equipment.
If the use of an injection system is not possible, there are other options. A batch may be made to predilute the BIOBOR® JF. The batch should not exceed 1,000 PPM, so something as large as a tank truck may
be needed to perform batch blending. Some operators have been making a much more concentrated blend,
several ounces of BIOBOR® JF in two or five gallons of fuel. This method is definitely not recommended!
Fuel will ordinarily contain enough water to react with the highly concentrated BIOBOR® JF. This may
appear as haze, precipitate, or through the formation of separate liquid layers. Limiting the blend to 1,000
PPM avoids the problem of precipitate and loss of BIOBOR® JF activity.
A second method is direct addition to the top of the tank. If this method is used, check to see if there
is fuel under the access hold. BIOBOR® JF should never be poured into an empty tank or into a thin layer of
fuel. If possible, dribble it in the tank which is being filled. If pouring in from the top, make sure there is at
least half a tank full and add while fuel is flowing in. This will blend and dilute it to get the desired results.
Treating the storage tank instead of the vehicle is the most efficient way to batch-blend BIOBOR® JF.
Everything in the system (pipes, trucks, filters and meters) will be kept free of contamination. Also,
if a mistake in under-dosage is made, it can be corrected before the fuel reaches the vehicle or ship.
BIOBOR® JF is a metabolic poison for microorganisms. That is, it has its effect on the metabolism
and / or multiplication of the individual cells. Before is can kill them, it has to cross the exterior walls and
membranes of each cell. This takes a few hours. A few more hours are needed for the metabolic activity.
Therefore, a certain contact time is needed for a complete kill.
Depending on the severity of the infestation, results may be seen in as little as 16 hours but can
require as much as 72 hours in order to provide a complete kill. This is of no matter for storages tanks that
are idle, but it becomes a problem for vehicles in active use.
In order to reach the desired contact time, many possibilities have to be considered, and a careful
plan worked out. Factors in the plan include:
1. Treating after the last use of the day, so that evening hours are available for contact.
2. Treating during scheduled maintenance, when the vehicle is idle for a day or two.
3. Treating at two or more successive stops on the schedule to ensure the necessary time.
Frequency of treatment is perhaps the most difficult aspect of BIOBOR® JF treatment. Many
operators use BIOBOR® JF more or less continually, but this option is not open to all users. The system has
to be treated often enough to keep microorganisms in check. The goal is to never allow microorganisms to
grow long enough to cause any damage.
Determining how often this is, is based on may factors:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The limit of risk for the system.
Historical incidence of contamination.
Level of maintenance.
Source of fuel.
Weather in the operating area.
Use pattern of the vehicle or ship.
Again, this is a judgment situation. Frequency may become individualized to a system, location, or
even to a single tank on any individual piece of equipment.
A new schedule may at first be arbitrary. Experience will show whether or not the treatments are
frequent enough. Should inspection show signs of growth contamination, then the system must be treated
more often. A tank going into storage should be treated. No second treatment will be needed until the fuel is
burned off or drained.
Service Bulletin No. 982, for aircraft use, and No. 980 for general use, should be consulted before
using BIOBOR® JF. Material Safety Data Sheets are also available.
BIOBOR JF microbicide
®
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET-TD-9610
BIOBOR® JF is a liquid fuel additive that combats fungus and other microbial life in hydrocarbon
fuels such as diesel and jet fuels.
BIOBOR® JF eliminates growth of harmful slime producing fungi that clog filters and pipelines, attack
rubber fuel systems components and whose waste products aid in the corrosion of metal surfaces.
BIOBOR® JF is simple to use and harmless to the wide variety of fuel system parts, top coatings,
sealants and elastomeric materials tested. It does not adversely affect fuel performance in any way.
BIOBOR® JF is an effective microbicide because of its equilibrium solubility in both fuel and water
under conditions of fuel storage.
BIOBOR® JF is used by a large number of aircraft operators, airlines, ships boats, trucking fleets,
railroads, bulk storage terminals, fuel suppliers and by other users of hydrocarbon fuels exposed to the
possibility of contamination by fungus and bacteria.
GENERAL USAGE
If a system is badly contaminated, drain water bottoms thoroughly. Water bottoms in storage tanks
should be kept to a minimum. Good housekeeping is important in treating slime problems, but it is not
a cure. BIOBOR® JF is used at 270* PPM in fuel to effect sterilization, and subsequently at 135*
PPM to maintain fungus-free fuel. Ideally, BIOBOR® JF should be injected to ensure proportionality
and even distribution throughout the fuel tank. However, in the absence of metering equipment,
BIOBOR® JF may be manually batch-blended. If batch-blending, as in tank trucks or small aircraft
wing tanks, BIOBOR® JF should be introduced while the tank is being filled, after the tank is
approximately ½ full. This will ensure faster and more complete dispersion.
*See Chart on Reverse.
PRODUCT DATA
Chemical Composition
Active Ingredients
2,2’-oxybis (4,4,6-trimethyl-1, 3,2- dioxaborinane)
2,2-(1-methyltrimethylenedioxy) bis-(4-methyl-1,
3,2-dioxaborinane)
Inert Ingredients
Petroleum Naphtha
Inerts
95.0%
4.5%
0.5%
100.0%
7.3%
Total
Boron Content
Physical Properties (typical)
Flash Point, Tag Closed Cup
104 + 2° F.
Pour Point
-27° F.
Appearance
Clear Liquid
Instructions for Storage and Handling
All BIOBOR® JF container must be kept closed from the atmosphere. Protect BIOBOR® JF from any
water contamination. The solvent action of BIOBOR® JF will attack coatings on paper linings of caps
and lids, therefore, polyethylene liners or closures are recommended for storage of BIOBOR® JF.
EPA REG. NO. 65217-1
EPA EST. 61897-TX-0001
CANADIAN P.C. P REG. NO. 10301
CAS NO. 8063-89-6
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET CONTINUED
BIOBOR JF
®
microbicide
BIOBOR® JF ADDITIONS FOR LARGE JET FUEL TANKS
JET FUEL
Lbs.
Gals.
670
100
1,340
200
2,010
300
2,680
400
3,350
500
6,700
1,000
13,400
2,000
16,750
2,500
33,500
5,000
67,000
10,000
134,000
20,000
335,000
50,000
SHOCK TREATMENT
@ 270 PPM
Gals.
Fl. Ozs.
0.02
2.63
0.04
5.26
0.06
7.89
0.08
10.53
0.10
13.16
0.21
26.46
0.41
52.92
0.52
66.08
1.03
132.16
2.07
264.47
4.14
528.94
10.35
1,322.35
MAINTENANCE LEVEL
@ 135 PPM
Gals.
Fl. Ozs.
0.01
1.32
0.02
2.63
0.03
3.95
0.04
5.26
0.05
6.58
0.10
13.16
0.21
26.46
0.26
33.04
0.52
66.08
1.03
132.31
2.06
264.62
5.15
661.55
To determine the fluid ounces of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply pounds of fuel by
0.004 and for 135 PPM by 0.002
Density of Jet Fuel: 1 gallon weighs 6.714 pounds.
BIOBOR® JF METRIC CONVERSIONS FOR VARIOUS FUELS
SHOCK TREATMENT AT 270 PPM
Oz. of
ml of
Fuel Density at
BIOBOR® JF BIOBOR® JF
15° C / 59° F
per 1000
per 1000
FUEL
g / ml
lbs / gal
kg / L
gal. fuel
liters fuel
JP-4
0.7601
6.343
.762
25.37
198.27
Kerosene (Turbine Fuel)
0.8045
6.714
.806
26.86
209.57
Diesel #1
0.8180
6.827
.820
27.31
214.50
Diesel #2
0.8484
7.080
.850
28.32
220.99
Bunker “C”
0.9952
8.305
.997
33.22
259.26
To determine the fluid ounces of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply pounds of fuel by
0.004 and for 135 PPM by 0.002
To determine milliliters of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply kilograms of fuel by .26 and
for 135 PPM by .13
BIOBOR® JF is manufactured and sold for prevention and elimination of microbial growth in all hydrocarbon fuels such as
aviation jet fuels, kerosene, no.1 and no.2 diesel fuels, home heating oil, marine diesel and bunker “C” fuel.
HAMMONDS FUEL ADDITIVE, INC.
15760 West Hardy Road, Suite 400 Houston, Texas 77060-3147
281/820-5674 Fax: 281/847-5129
800-548-9166
©1996 All Rights Reserved
BIOBOR JF
Service Bulletin
®
BIOBOR® JF AVIATION FUEL ADDITIVE
No. 982
I. INTRODUCTION
The following discussion and tables are presented on the subject of fungal growth in aircraft fuel
systems and how to eliminate it with the help of BIOBOR® JF. It is simple to use and compatible with a
wide variety of fuel system parts and top coatings, sealants and elastomeric materials. It does not adversely
affect fuel performance. Chemical and physical properties are listed in Table I, blending data in Tables II, III
and IV, and compatibility fuel system components in Table V.
Due to the critical nature of fuel supply to an aircraft engine, it is important that this information be
carefully read, particularly the section on blending, before attempting to use BIOBOR® JF. This product is a
special formulation of glycol borates designed for maximum biocidal effectiveness in hydrocarbon fuels and
oils. In addition BIOBOR® JF is authorized by the FAA and recommended by both airframe manufacturers
and engine manufacturers.
BIOBOR® JF works in both fuel and water. However, BIOBOR® JF must be kept from direct
contact with excessive amounts of water to prevent hydrolysis of active ingredients into fuel insoluble
materials. A complete discussion is given for proper handling and use. Should more information be needed,
contact the technical service representative at Hammonds Fuel Additives, Inc. Office addresses and
telephone numbers are listed at the end of this service bulletin.
BIOBOR® JF is registered with the EPA as a pesticide (EPA Reg. No. 65217-1)
BIOBOR® JF is recognized by a military specification number (MIL-S-53021)
II. FUEL CONTAMINATION IN AIRCRAFT
A. Occurrence of the Problem
Surprisingly, several forms of fungi can survive and multiply in hydrocarbon fuels, especially the
fuels consumed by jet aircraft. The microscopic growth occurs in al components of the fuel handling system
– storage tanks, pumps, filters, delivery lines and ultimately, the jet aircraft fuel tanks. These microbes grow
into long strings and form large mats or globules. The growth appears slimy, and usually black, green or
brown, although it may be any color. It may grow throughout the fuel, or at the interface area between the
fuel and water bottom layer. As the fuel is agitated – for instance during filling – microbial growth is
distributed throughout the fuel system, where it will cling tenaciously to walls and supporting structures.
The organism most commonly found in contaminated systems is Cladosporium resinae. It grows
rapidly under widely varying conditions, needing only trace amounts of water and minerals to sustain itself.
As it grows, it chemically alters the fuel to produce water, sludge, and acidic by-products. It can attack and
destroy fuel tank linings and hoses, and pit metals to the point where holes are formed. Other problems can
also arise. Fuel tank gauging systems are favorite places for microbial growth and the adhering slime
interfaces with the operation of the indicating system to cause erratic readings. Filters also are affected, as
the slimy material is very difficult to remove by the usual fuel filtering methods. The slime very quickly
clogs filters, sometimes to the point of fuel starvation.
B. Detection of the Problem
Evidence of contamination may be seen on filters, tank surfaces, and pipelines as a dark slimy mass.
The fuel may develop a smell of sulphur, similar to rotten eggs. Where there is no clear evidence but
contamination is suspected, there are biological methods for testing fuel. Among the most convenient of
these is the Hum-Bug Detector® Kit available from Hammonds Fuel Additives, Inc., Houston, Texas.
Whenever fuel tanks are opened for a maintenance inspection, a visual examination should be made
to determine the presence of slime on interior surfaces and particularly in sump area where slime proliferates.
Water, routinely drawn from sump areas, should also be inspected for slimy debris.
Erratic readings from fuel quantity probes may be due to an accumulation of slime deposits.
Physical cleaning of the fuel probes may reduce the problem temporarily but re-growth very likely will occur
resulting in faulty readings and further damage because of corrosion.
Positive findings of slime require immediate action to prevent further damage.
C. Prevention of the problem
The problem of microbial contamination in fuels can be alleviated by a two-step procedure:
1. Use of a microbicide, such as BIOBOR® JF, following the instructions below.
2. Proper maintenance of the fuel handling system.
This is a key step because the effectiveness of even the most efficient fungicide can be
reduced if the fuel is allowed to retain fungal debris and high excesses of water. Proper
maintenance therefore requires regular removal of accumulated water bottoms and drainage
of sump areas in addition to proper filtering to remove debris. Filters and screens should be
inspected regularly. Storage tanks must be included in regular cleaning and inspection
schedules. In some instances, good housekeeping may be all that is needed to prevent fungal
growth. However, contamination occurs very easily, and even the best maintained system
may need the assurance of BIOBOR® JF.
III. INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF BIOBOR® JF
A. General
Prepare the system before using BIOBOR® JF by checking the condition of the entire system. If
microbial growth contamination has already occurred, there may have been damage that should be repaired.
In badly contaminated systems, as BIOBOR® JF kills the microbes, water, chemical and physical debris can
be released that my further damage or clog the fuel system.
When adding BIOBOR® JF, consult the dosage charts (Tables II, III and IV), or calculate the amount
of BIOBOR® JF necessary to treat the fuel. For contaminated systems, or tanks prone to microbial attack,
use the higher “shock” treatment level. This is calculated at 270 PPM BIOBOR® JF in fuel, or approximately
one gallon of BIOBOR® JF for 5,000 gallons of turbine fuel.
For maintenance in new or previously treated tanks, a level of 135 PPM BIOBOR® JF or one gallon
BIOBOR® JF in 10,000 gallons of turbine fuel, may be used. Exact usage will vary due to variations in
weather, movement of fuel, and aircraft type. In general, use the lower level as long as the system is free of
microbial growth. If contamination occurs, use the 270 PPM addition, or treat more often, or both. In no
instance should BIOBOR® JF be used at more than 270 PPM in the fuel. Also, consult your aircraft
manufactures’ operations manual for recommended frequency of usage.
When using BIOBOR® JF, check the filters frequently at first. Dying microorganisms will release
specks of dirt and rust that have been caught in the mats. Also, the slime itself may come off walls and
structures as it is killed. Once dead, the slimy nature of the growth will disappear, and it should become
more filterable.
Once BIOBOR® JF is applied to fuel, it begins to work immediately. However, when large
infestations exist, it is important to allow sufficient time for the BIOBOR® JF to provide a thorough kill. The
concern is that BIOBOR® JF treated fuel in a contaminated tank will begin to break up large mats of growth
into smaller ones which, once dislodged, could cause filter or line plugging. It is important that treated fuel
be allowed to kill an infestation completely. Even still, when large, visual infestations exist, once killed,
carcass remains and particulate matter which may have been trapped in large mats of microbial growth will
need to be removed manually or by filtration. Also, tanks that are not completely filled with treated fuel,
may not get protection above the fuel line. Therefore, it is also recommended that BIOBOR® JF treated fuel
be used to fill tanks completely to ensure total sterilization.
B. Blending
CAUTION: Turbine fuel, by its nature contains some water. Always be sure fuel has been properly
maintained and filtered to remove water and debris. BIOBOR® JF is a mixture of glycol borates, and under
certain conditions (high BIOBOR® JF concentrations), will hydrolyze in fuel-water systems to form solid
crystalline products. To avoid the possibility of solids formation, care must be taken to avoid adding
BIOBOR® JF to fuel containing excess moisture, and to avoid using BIOBOR® JF above a concentration of
1,000 PPM (equivalent to 0.1%, or about 3.8 gallons of BIOBOR® JF to 5,000 gallons of fuel) even when
preparing BIOBOR® JF fuel concentrates. Glycol borates are soluble in both the water and fuel phases of the
system. For practical purposes, a partition coefficient of 250:1 fuel to water distribution can be assumed. In
the presence of very low concentrations of water in fuel, BIOBOR® JF is essentially contained in the fuel
phase. With BIOBOR® JF at its recommended level of 270 PPM, there will be no problem of solids
formation. However, in the presence of excess water, either through direct dilution of BIOBOR® JF with
water, of by adding BIOBOR® JF to “wet” fuel, i.e., fuel from a sump area, formations of solids may occur.
If BIOBOR® JF concentration in fuel is maintained below 1,000 PPM, it has been shown that solid
formation will not occur, even in “wet” fuel. However, above 1,000 PPM of BIOBOR® JF in fuel, water
concentration becomes a factor and in laboratory tests, amounts of water in excess of 1,000 PPM added to
the fuel treated with BIOBOR® JF caused formation of solids. ASTM standards note the maximum
recommended limit for water in jet fuel not exceed 30 PPM.
For reasons noted above, we strongly recommend the use of a metered injection system for
BIOBOR® JF addition to aviation turbine fuel. Metered injection eliminates problems associated with batch15760 WEST HARDY ROAD, SUITE 400 •HOUSTON, TEXAS 77060-3147 • (281) 999-2900 • (800) 584-9166 • FAX: (281) 847-5129
blending and over-the-wing addition. Also, it ensures continuous dilution at the correct level in a flowing
stream of fuel. Complete dispersion is obtained immediately, which is especially important in wing tanks
with baffles and in aircraft where fuel cannot be re-circulated to promote mixing.
Over the wing treatment in aircraft that do not have re-circulation devices may lead to chronic under
treatment, or lack of treatment, in some areas of the fuel tank. This will result in lack of fungal control in
those areas. Therefore, a Hammonds Additive Injection System is highly recommended. Contact
Hammonds Technical Services, Inc. at (713) 999-2900, Fax (713) 847-1857, for an additive injection system
distributor near you.
If metered injection is not possible, and the only alternatives are batch-blending or over-the-wing
addition, further precautions should be taken. When batch-blending, calculate the amount of BIOBOR® JF
needed for treatment, and prepare a batch that does not exceed the 1,000 PPM concentration. Use a large
container and be sure that it is free of dirt, water and other contaminants. Fill the container one-half full with
fuel first, then continue adding fuel and BIOBOR® JF at the same time to ensure proper dispersion. To
insure proper dilution below 1,000 PPM, a tank truck may be required for mixing.
When adding BIOBOR® JF over the wing, fill the wing tank about half-full with fuel first, then add
BIOBOR® JF slowly during addition of the remaining fuel. This will help bring about dispersion, and avoid
areas of high concentration. Never add BIOBOR® JF to an empty tank.
Table II will serve ass an aid in calculating the amount of BIOBOR® JF to blend with turbine fuel to
obtain concentrations of 270 and 135 PPM. For jet fuel, a density of 6.7 pounds per gallon is used as a basis
for the calculation. Density of BIOBOR® JF is 8.75 pounds per gallon.
C. Storage Tank Treatment
BIOBOR® JF may be added to storage tanks following the same precautions as outlined above.
Again, metered injection into the incoming stream of fuel is the preferred method. BIOBOR® JF should
never be added directly into water bottom areas nor should it be used as a tank wall cleaning agent. It is
designed for use as a fuel additive only. When treating storage tanks, be sure that all aircraft to receive fuel
from that tank have approval for BIOBOR® JF use.
D. Storage and Handling of BIOBOR® JF Containers
BIOBOR® JF containers should be protected from water. Containers must be capped tightly when
not in use, as prolonged exposure to atmospheric moisture can cause formation of solids and loss of
effectiveness. To avoid prolonged storage of containers that have been opened, choose a size most suitable
to your needs.
Before use, clean the lid area of dust and dirt. Discard if product is discolored or contains solids.
DO NOT TRANSFER BIOBOR® JF TO OTHER CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE.
BIOBOR® JF is presently available in 16 ounce, one quart, one gallon, five gallon and fifty-five
gallon non-returnable containers. 16 ounce Easy Squeeze containers are sold twelve bottles per case. Quarts
are sold six per case.
TABLE I
BIOBOR® JF PRODUCT DATA
Chemical Composition
Active Ingredients
2,2’—oxybis (4, 4, 6-trimethyl – 1, 3, 2-dioxaborinane)
2,2’—(1-methyltrimethylenedioxy) bis-(4-methyl 1-1, 3, 2-dioxaborinane)
95.0%
Inert Ingredients
Petroleum Naptha
Inerts
TOTAL:
Boron Content
4.5%
0.5%
100%
7.3%
Physical Properties (typical)
Flash Point, TCC (Tag Closed Cup)
Density
Pour Point
Color (ASTM)
104 ± 2° F.
1.05g/cc @ 68° F.
-27° F.
0.5.
TABLE II
BIOBOR® JF DOSAGE LEVELS
(FUEL = U.S. GALLONS)
JET FUEL
Lbs.
Gals.
670
1,340
2,010
2,680
3,350
6,700
13,400
16,750
33,500
67,000
134,000
335,000
100
200
300
400
500
1,000
2,000
2,500
5,000
10,000
20,000
50,000
SHOCK TREATMENT
@ 270 PPM
Gals.
Fl. Ozs.
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.21
0.42
0.52
1.0
2.1
4.2
10.3
2.6
5.3
8.0
10.7
13.4
26.8
53.6
67.0
134.0
268.0
536.0
1340.0
MAINTENANCE LEVEL
@ 135 PPM
Gals.
Fl. Ozs.
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.21
0.26
0.52
1.04
2.09
5.23
1.3
2.6
4.0
5.3
6.7
13.4
26.8
33.5
67.0
134.0
268.0
670.0
To determine the fluid ounces of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply pounds
of fuel by 0.004 and for 135 PPM by 0.002
Density of Jet Fuel: 1 Gallon weighs 6.714 pounds.
TABLE III
BIOBOR® JF DOSAGE LEVELS
METRIC EQUIVALENTS
TURBINE FUEL*
U.S. GAL.
LITERS
100
300
625
1250
BIOBOR® JF
(270 PPM)**
BIOBOR® JF
(135 PPM)**
80 ml
236 ml
473 ml
946 ml
40 ml
118 ml
236 ml
473 ml
378.5
1135.5
2365.6
4731.3
* Assuming fuel density of 0.804g/ml
** BIOBOR® JF density = 1.05g/ml
TABLE IV
BIOBOR® JF METRIC CONVERSIONS FOR VARIOUS FUELS
“SHOCK TREATMENT” AT 270 PPM
Fuel
JP-4
Kerosine (Turbine Fuel)
Diesel #1
Diesel #2
Bunker “C”
g/ml
Fuel Density at
15° C / 59° F.
lbs. gal*
kg/L
0.7601
0.8045
0.8180
0.8484
0.9952
6.343
6.714
6.827
7.080
8.305
.762
.806
.820
.850
.997
Oz. of
ml of
®
BIOBOR JF BIOBOR® JF
Per 1000
Per 1000
gal. fuel
liters fuel
25.37
26.86
27.31
28.32
33.22
198.27
209.57
214.50
220.99
259.26
To determine the fluid ounces of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply
pounds of fuel by 0.004 and for 135 PPM by 0.002.
To determine milliliters of BIOBOR® JF required to give a concentration of 270 PPM, multiply kilograms of
fuel by .26 and for 135 PPM by .13
*Computed from fuel densities as surveyed by the American Petroleum Institute.
TABLE V
BIOBOR® JF COMPATIBILITY WITH FUEL SYSTEM COMPONENTS*
BIOBOR® JF IS COMPATIBLE WITH:
I. Top Coatings and Sealants
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Buna-N (EC-7765-R)
Polyurethane PR-1560
PR-1422 (Thiokol type)
PR-703 Products Research Corporation
PR1422 Products Research Corporation
PR-9021 Product Research Corporation
Pro Seal-719 Coast Pro Seal Company
Pro Seal-890 Coast Pro Seal Company
Z9-0048 Dow Corning Corporation
II. Fuel Cell Materials
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Estane 580029
BTC-17-10
BTC-12-3
BTC-49
BTC-54A
BTC-67
BTC-85
BTC-86
10740SR
LS-53 Silicone
MIL R-6855
US-566R/RL
US-943
B.F. Goodrich
Goodyear
Goodyear
Goodyear
Goodyear
Goodyear
Goodyear
Goodyear
Firestone
Dow Corning Corporation
Precision Components
UNIROYAL (nitrile materials)
UNIROYAL (nitrile materials)
III. Metal Alloys
1. SAE 1010
2. AZ92
3. 2024
4. 4015
5. 7178
6. 7075
7. Cad plated steel
Steel
Magnesium
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
III. Metal Alloys
1. SAE 1010
2. AZ92
3. 2024
4. 4015
5. 7178
6. 7075
7. Cad plated steel
Steel
Magnesium
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
IV. Fuel Tank Gauging Systems
1.
2.
3.
4.
Approved by Minneapolis Honeywell
Approved by Simmonds Precision Products
Approval by Liquidometer Corporation
Approval by Consolidated Airborne Systems
BIOBOR® JF is not compatible with Lexan polycarbonate. BIOBOR® JF at full strength may not be
compatible with some polymeric materials. TEFLON is recommended for gaskets and / or O-rings where
exposure to neat BIOBOR® JF is anticipated.
*Testing was done at recommended use dilution or two times use dilution.
COMPANIES WHICH RECOMMEND THE USE OF BIOBOR® JF
AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURERS
de Havilland, Inc.
Gulf Stream Aerospace Corp.
Boeing Aircraft
Beechcraft Aircraft Corp.
Dassault Falcon Jet
Bell Helicopter
Fokker Aircraft Corp.
LearJet Corporation
Lockheed Aircraft Company
Sikorsky Helicopter
British Aerospace Aircraft
McDonnell Douglas Aircraft
Saberliner Aircraft Corp.
AirBus Industries
ENGINE ACCESSORIES AND FUEL
MONITORING EQUIPMENT
MANUFACTURERS
Dahl Filter Corporation
Velcon Filters, Inc.
Stanadyne Filter/Fuel Injector Systems
Airborne Fuel Filters
Consolidated Airborne Systems
Liquidometer Corporation
Minneapolis Honeywell
Simmonds Precision Products
Facet Filter
Fleetguard Filter Corporation
FUEL SERVICE COMPANIES
AIRCRAFT ENGINE MANUFACTURERS
Rolls Royce Engines
Lycoming Engine Corporation
Pratt & Whitney Engines
Allison Industries
Garrett Aircraft Engines
General Electric Engines Division
Allied Signal Aerospace Corp.
DIESEL ENGINE MANUFACTURERS
Detroit Diesel Corp.
Caterpillar Tractor Corp.
International Harvester Tractor Co.
Waukesha/Dresser Engines
Cummins Engine Co., Inc.
General Motors – Diesel Engine Division
Mercedes Benz
John Deere Tractor
Paulsen Industries
Fuel Tank Maintenance
Fuel Tank Cleaners of Florida
Fuel Pure
TANK MANUFACTURERS
Uniroyal Tank and Plastic
Production Division
Goodyear Aerospace
U.S. Steel Tank
Firestone Tank Division
Dow Corning Tanks
A.O. Smith Fiberglass Tank Corp.
BF Goodrich Aerospace
The OEM’s listed above suggest the use of Biobor® JF as part of their standard maintenance
programs. This endorsement appears in the Equipment Maintenance Manuals under Engine
Airframe or Fuel System Care.
15760 WEST HARDY ROAD, SUITE 400 • HOUSTON, TEXAS 77060-3147
800 548 9166 • FAX: 281 847 5129
NOTICE: THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING ANY
WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WHICH EXTEND BEYOND
THE DESCRIBED USES IN THIS BULLETIN.
WARNING: ON ALL PRODUCTS, AVOID PROLONGED INHALATION OR PROLONGED
SKIN CONTACT. NOT FOR FOOD OR DRUG USE. READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS
RELATING TO THE PRODUCTS BEFORE USE.
If possible uses of these products have been mentioned herein, it is not intended that the above
products be used to practice any applicable patent, whether mentioned in this Bulletin or not,
without procurement of a license, if necessary, from the owner, following investigation by the user.
©1992 All Rights Reserved.

hammonds fuel additives, inc. - Technology Lubricants Corporation

Transcription

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