Today`s Presenters - Federal Lands Transportation Institute

11/7/2012
Paul S. Sarbanes
Transit in Parks
Technical Assistance Center
Alternative Transportation Systems (ATS) Training
for
Federal Land Management Agencies
Good Practices to Encourage
Bicycling & Pedestrians on
Federal Lands
Today’s Presenters
Natalie Villwock-Witte
Research Engineer
Western
Transportation Institute
Davis Farrar
Principal
Western Slope
Consulting LLC
Dan Dressler
Park Ranger
Mississippi National
River and
Recreation Area
Charles Borders
Branch Chief, National
Capital and Southeast
Regions
Denver Service Center,
Division of
Transportation
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11/7/2012
Agenda
• Why integrate the bicycle and pedestrian
modes?
• Section 1:
– Needs
– Partnerships
• Section 2:
–
–
–
–
Goals, Objectives, Performance Measures
Bicycle and Pedestrian Network Plan
Design Guidelines
Maintenance Policy and Procedures
• Section 3:
– Pedestrian and Bicycle Support Elements
– Cost and Funding Analysis
– Encouragement, Education and Enforcement
Programs
• Section 4:
– Evaluating and Monitoring
– Plan Updates
Why integrate bicycle and pedestrian
systems into existing FLMA
transportation networks?
• Resource protection
• Reduce greenhouse
gas emissions
• Improve visitor
enjoyment and health
• Financial sustainability
• Ecological balance
Poll Question:
How many miles of bike paths do you have in your
town or federal land?
• None
• > 0 and ≤ 10 miles
• > 10 and ≤ 20 miles
• > 20 and ≤ 30 miles
• > 30 and ≤ 40 miles
• > 40 miles
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11/7/2012
Section 1
• Needs Assessment
• Partnerships
1) Needs Assessment
• Identify bicycle and
pedestrian
transportation-related
needs
• Feed into goals
• Public participation
– Workshops
– Surveys
1. Needs Assessment
Survey
• Ridge to Rivers
– Support for bicycle lane
funding
– Estimate of number of users
• North Moab Recreation
Area
– Support for bicycle lane
facilities
1. Needs Assessment
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11/7/2012
2) Partnerships
“arrangements that are voluntary, mutually beneficial,
and entered into for the purpose of mutually agreed
upon objectives”
1. Accomplish a lot with a little
2. Fresh ideas, opportunities and
solutions
3. Expertise and resources
4. Diversity of funding
5. Assistance with grant applications
2. Partnerships
Davis Farrar
Principal, Western Slope Consulting, LLC
Red Hill Council President
Red Hill Special Recreation
Management Area (SRMA)
2. Partnerships
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11/7/2012
Red Hill Special Recreation
Management Area (SRMA)
2. Partnerships
Red Hill Special Recreation
Management Area (SRMA)
2. Partnerships
Red Hill SRMA: Why Use an MOU?
• One of two options available
• Only other option would be an Assistance
Agreement
• Assistance Agreement not selected
because the principle purpose of the
relationship was not to transfer money,
property, services or anything of value
• MOU is the Primary way to formalize a
cooperative agreement
• MOU lays out the roles and responsibility
of each of the involved groups
2. Partnerships
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11/7/2012
Red Hill SRMA:
Memorandum of Understanding
• Formalize relationship
between Red Hill Council
and BLM
• Implementation Plan was
included for “to do” tasks
• Enhance cooperative
environment
• Not intended to bind
either party in negative
way
2. Partnerships
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11/7/2012
Section 2
• Goals, Objectives, &
Performance Measures
• Bicycle and Pedestrian
Network Plan
• Design Guidelines
• Maintenance Policy and
Procedures
3) Goals, Objectives and Performance
Measures
• Goals – generality and brevity
– “A complete bicycle and pedestrian network that provides
convenient access to basin destinations and destinations
outside the basin.”
• Objectives – quantifiable, time-specific and measurable
– “Implement 20 percent (approximately 45 miles) of all
recommended facility improvements within five years (by
2015).”
• Performance Measures – define data needs
– Number of recommended miles completed by 2015.
3. Goals, Objectives, and Performance Measures
4) Bicycle and Pedestrian Network
Plan
Steps for project prioritization:
1) Identify projects
2) Identify rating criteria and
assign criteria weights
3) Choose ranking scale and
rank projects
4) Summarize results and
develop network map(s)
4. Bicycle and Pedestrian Network Plan
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11/7/2012
5) Design Guidelines
5. Design Guidelines
6) Maintenance Policy and
Procedures
“A non-maintained trail system is worse than no
trail system at all.”
• Short-term & long-term
• Vary by:
– Region
– Use
6. Maintenance Policy and Procedures
Maintenance Policy and Procedures Funding
• Creative solutions:
– Jackson Hole: “Adopt-a-Trail” partnership
– Acadia Trails Forever Program
– Red Hill: Volunteer Trail Maintenance Work Parties
6. Maintenance Policy and Procedures
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11/7/2012
Davis Farrar
Principal, Western Slope Consulting, LLC
Red Hill Council President
Red Hill Special Recreation Area’s
Volunteer Work Parties
• Build community
ownership
• Projects get completed
• Red Hill Council often
partners with other
groups
• Excellent learning
experience
• Ratio of Volunteers to
trail users is low
6. Maintenance Policy and Procedures
Red Hill Special Recreation Area’s
Volunteer Work Parties
• Education and a little
“guilt” is OK
• Plan events in advance,
but saturate media just
prior
• Events should be fun, well
supervised and have good
feed afterward
6. Maintenance Policy and Procedures
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11/7/2012
Q&A Manager
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3. Click Ask to
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2. Type your
question or
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Presenters can reply to
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depending on the nature
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Directing Your Questions via the
Phone
Push
*8 keys on your phone
This signal will place you in a queue
When it is your turn, the moderator
will announce your city
 You will hear a beep when your line
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 Unmute the telephone from your
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

Section 3
• Pedestrian and Bicycle
Support Elements
• Cost and Funding Analysis
• Encouragement, Education
and Enforcement Programs
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11/7/2012
7) Pedestrian and Bicycle Support
Elements
7. Pedestrian and Bicycle Support Elements
8) Cost and Funding Analysis
• Level of investment
– Bicycle routes: signs
and pavement
markings
– Bicycle lanes: curb and
gutter
– Sidewalks and multiuse paths
• Be prepared with a
cost estimate!
8. Cost and Funding Analysis
9) Encouragement, Education, &
Enforcement Programs
• Encouragement
• Education
• Enforcement
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
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11/7/2012
Dan Dressler
Park Ranger
Mississippi National River and Recreation Area
Mississippi National River and
Recreation Area (NRRA)
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
53,775 acres
64 owned by NPS
Mississippi NRRA
Saint Anthony Falls
Wild backwaters
Saint Paul
Fort Snelling
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
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11/7/2012
Mississippi NRRA
• Started in 2005
• Through 2011 110 rides
served 1,095 visitors
• Four different routes
• 9-14 miles in length
• Limit of 20 riders
• Two staff or volunteers
per ride
• Low cost program to
operate
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
Mississippi NRRA
• Visitors are strongly encouraged to use their own bikes
(Limited loaner bikes available)
• Visitors must wear helmets
• Visitors must pre-register for trips
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
Mississippi NRRA:
Helpful Considerations
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Loaner bikes a nightmare
Good publicity a must
Hard Core bikers not interested in interpretive ride
Two staff needed
Train staff and volunteers
Don’t assume people know how to bike
Weather Policy
Routes
Starting locations
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
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11/7/2012
Q&A Manager
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3. Click Ask to
submit your
question.
2. Type your
question or
comment.
4. Answered questions
will appear here.
Presenters can reply to
all or privately,
depending on the nature
of the question.
Directing Your Questions via the
Phone
Push
*8 keys on your phone
This signal will place you in a queue
When it is your turn, the moderator
will announce your city
 You will hear a beep when your line
is unmuted
 Unmute the telephone from your
end, pick up the hand set and ask
your question


Education
• Teach pedestrians, bicyclists and motorists how to safety
interact
• Teach people how to properly maintain and ride a bicycle
• Children and people with limited bicycling experience
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
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11/7/2012
Bicycle Enforcement Programs
• Benefits
– Reduction in fuel
consumption and
emissions
– Allow access to areas
otherwise
inaccessible by
automobile patrols
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
Bicycle Enforcement Programs
• Cape Cod National
Seashore
• Independence
National Historical
Park
• Valley Forge National
Historical Park
9. Encouragement, Education & Enforcement Programs
Poll Question:
Which of the following programs has your unit (or that
which you are affiliated with) initiated?
• Encouragement
• Education
• Enforcement
• None
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11/7/2012
Natalie Villwock-Witte
[email protected]
Section 4
• Evaluating and
Monitoring
• Plan Updates
10) Evaluating and Monitoring
• Assess the effectiveness of
plans, projects and programs
• Data feeds into goals,
objectives, and performance
measures
• Benefit plan updates and
future projects
10. Evaluating and Monitoring
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11/7/2012
Charles Borders
Branch Chief, National Capital and Southeast Regions
Denver Service Center, Division of Transportation
Best Practices Study:
Evaluating and Monitoring
Safety of cyclists & pedestrians on
NPS multi-modal trails in the National Capital Region
MOUNT VERNON TRAIL (MVT)
CASE STUDY
10-2012
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
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Data Collection in NPS-National Capital Region
Case Study on Mount Vernon Trail
Results and Outcome
Application of Data to Projects
“FIRST, YOU HAVE TO CAPTURE
THE DATA”
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11/7/2012
Diamond Traffic Counters
Methods (traffic volume counts):
• Counter installation & maintenance
• Types of fixed counters
• Manual counts (below)
Manual Counts
(following National Bicycle Pedestrian Documentation (NBPD.org))
Eco-Counters
ELECTRONIC COUNTING
Pros
Cons
• Ability to identify high
density areas
• Fuller data profiles
• Data 24/7/365
• Capture quality data in
more than one location
at a time
• Cannot distinguish
between gender, age,
type of user (pedestrian,
cyclist, rollerblades,
jogger, dog walker)
• Maintenance issues,
battery life
• Expensive
MANUAL COUNTING
Pros
• Can get demographic data
• Can discern types of user
• Can observe patterns
Cons
• Significant time, effort,
and manpower
• Cannot capture data
continuously all day,
every day.
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11/7/2012
COUNTING RECOMMENDATIONS
Understand your trail use;
Trail Counters- automated
Eco-Counters to retain consistency
More cost-effective in long term
Manual Trail Counts
Mount Vernon Trail does this annually
http://bikepeddocumentation.org/
Hourly Counts
Eco-Counters
Diamond Traffic Counters
SEASONAL DATA (2010)
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11/7/2012
SPEED DATA
70% of cyclists traveled at or below15mph
Saturday morning speeds are highest & has
the highest percentage of bikers speeding
Tracking Trail
crash data
Mile 12 – S turn
Incident
Description
Injury
Kind
Bike on
N/B cyclist struck by S/B cyclist that crossed lanes at
Fracture
Bike
curve
Bike Only
Cyclist lost control around curve
-
Bike Only
Cyclist lost control around curve
Laceration
Bike Only
Cyclist braked too hard to avoid oncoming cyclist
Bike Only
Cyclist lost control around curve
Head
Injury
Bike on Ped
Cyclist and Jogger struck one another at cure
Bike on Ped
Cyclist and Jogger struck one another at cure
Laceration
Head
Bike Only
Cyclist fell
Soft Tissue
Bike Only
Cyclist lost control on social trail at curve
-
Bike Only
Cyclist struck debris on trail
Fracture
Injury
Bike Only
Cyclist lost control around curve
Abrasion
Bike Only
S/B Cyclist lost control around curve
Soft Tissue
Bike Only
Cyclists rear tire slid out on curve
Fracture
MVT Crash Data
Public Health intern Charles Opalak’s 2006-2010 review of 225
crashes, injuries, & rate of occurrence (obtained from 5 EMS
jurisdictions) identified three highest risk location on the MVT to
trail users:
• Roadway Crossings (3.33 risk ratio)
• Surface Transitions (3.27 risk ratio)
• Trail Intersections (2.09 risk ratio)
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11/7/2012
Observations on Rock Creek Trail
•
Types of injuries; 68% biking, 61% male, 52% Saturday
NPS Public Risk Management Program;
Comparison of Injuries in Three Parks
23%23%
21%
17%
17%
17%
14%
13%13%
25%
20%
11%
11% 11%
15%
10%
5%
11%
9%
5%
5% 5%
7%7%
6%
5%
4%
2% 2%
0%
10 or 11-17
younger
18-24
CACO
25-34
35-44
CHOH
45-54
55-64
65+
MVT
Developed by LT Jennifer Cheng-Dobson, MPH, CDR Sara B. Newman, DrPH, MCP
“But how are you going to use the data….”
……in the last two years, it’s been used for:
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Long-range Park planning: data for EA’s, open houses, new/mixed-use
developments and trail connections
Large-scale MVT retrofits: grant application Bridge repairs, FHWA Road Safety
Audit
Short-term MVT retrofits: justification for 2 road-trail improvements
Regional Trail Safety outreach: justification for funds/T scholar/Public Health
interns
Park Special Events: Inauguration/July Fourth/staffing/visitor services
Daily operations: Trail maintenance and detours
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11/7/2012
Application of data; Trail – Vehicle
Incident Kind
Motor
Vehicle on
Bike
Motor
Vehicle on
Ped
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle on
Bike
• FHWA Road Safety Audit
2012
• Short-term solution
implemented August 2012,
long-term solution in process
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle on
Ped
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle Only
Motor
Vehicle on
Bike
Motor
Vehicle on
Bike
Description
Cyclist travelling from MVT, toward Mem bridge,
in crosswalk, rear tire clipped by car in 2nd
lane. 1st car stopped, 2nd didn't see him, 100
foot skid mark
Jogger waiting to enter cosswalk, pickup
unable to stop, to avoid hitting cars that had
stopped for occupants of crosswalk, truck went
onto grass and struck pedestrian
Fender bender, as car stopped for crosswalk
rear-ended by car behind
Three car accident, cars stopped for a female
cyclist, rear-ended. Report says female cyclist
hesitated before entering and was not injured
Cyclist was going thorugh the cross walk south
of Memorial bridge - one vehicle stopped, she
rode through, vehicle in second lane did not
stop and hit her.
Fender bender
2nd lane fender bender
Vehicle struck pedestrian in crosswalk
Fender Bender
Injury
-
Fatality
Two injuries,
both vehicle
occupants
Soft Tissue
Head Injury
-
Fender Bender
-
Vehicle ran off road and struck sign
-
Vehicle struck cyclist in crosswalk
Cyclist
transported
Lessons Learned:
“Form a Count Group”….
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Leverage resources
Counter Technology
Data analysis
Data sharing
Applications?
Document trail by nodes,
not by parking lots
Proposed Trail traffic circle at
intersection node
Program Recommendations:
Install automated counter:
• for best data, use best technology
• leverage partners
Conduct a manual count every year:
• National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project
• “you can learn a lot by watching a trail for 2 hours”
• Invest the time - volunteer and/or partners to organize the count
Enlist Public Health science to collect crash data:
• agency buy-in, for NPS - WASO Public Risk Management
Program
• visitor injury database (VIDS) NPS
• Take care; garbage in – garbage out
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11/7/2012
NPS-Count Group
NPS
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Acting Superintendent Jon James (2011- Present)
Superintendent Dottie Marsall (2008-2011)
Safety Officer Bernard Spencer-Bey, (2006-2012)
Bob Clark, Trail Count Specialist (NPS VIP, 2010-2012)
Bob Toews, Trail Counter Technician (NPS VIP, 2012)
Luis Teran (NPS, Civil Engineer, 2011-2012)
Thomas Sheffer (NPS, Park Planner, 2012)
Sara Gamble (NPS, Interpretation, 2012)
Neil Schlussel (NPS VIP, 2011-2012)
Vincent Santucci (2006-2011
Bill Arnold (NPS VIP, 2010)
Georgeann Smale (NPS, GWMP & NCR, 2009-2012)
Bittany Rosen (FCA/PRMP/ROCR 2012)
Charles Opalak (SCA/PRMP/ARRA 2010)
Doug Gardner (SCA/PRMP/ARRA 2010)
Dan Cahill (NPS, maintenance, 2000-2010)
Karin Ohman (SCA 2009)
Superintendent, Tara Morrison; Deputy Superintendent, Cindy Cox; Chief Ranger, Nick Bartolomeo, and Chief of
Maintenance, Don Kirk
NPS – WASO Public Risk Management Program: Sara Newman, Jennifer Cheng, Gabrielle Fisher
Partners
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•
Arlington County (Silver Bicycle Friendly Community): David Patton (2007-2012)
City of Alexandria (Bronze Bicycle Friendly Community): Carrie Sanders, (2010-2012), Yon Lambert (2006-2009)
Q&A Manager
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Directing Your Questions via the
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This signal will place you in a queue
When it is your turn, the moderator
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23
11/7/2012
Davis Farrar
Principal, Western Slope Consulting, LLC
Red Hill Council President
Red Hill Project Final Report
• Survey
– More than 71% of users traveled 0-5
miles
– 94%, restrict motorized use
– Use is increasing
– Do follow-up surveys to see changes
over time; use original survey for
consistency
– Useful for management, changing
demands and user
characteristics/demographics
– Good way to involve students
10. Evaluating and Monitoring
11) Plan Updates
• Why?
– Needs are evolving
– Design standards are progressing
– Identify success and areas for
improvements
• When?
– Every 3-5 years
• Who?
– Identify agency to perform the
updates
11. Plan Updates
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11/7/2012
Conclusions
• Many benefits
• Partnering is essential
• Maintenance should not be
overlooked
• Encouragement, through tours, will
ensure use
• Educate all users
• Evaluating and monitoring helps to
improve a bicycle and pedestrian
network and plan
GOOD PRACTICES
TO ENCOURAGE
BICYCLING &
PEDESTRIANS ON
FEDERAL LANDS
http://www.triptac.org/TRIPTACResources/TRIPTACPublications/Default.html
TRIPTAC’s Resource Library
http://www.triptac.org/TRIPTACResources/ResourceLibrarySearch/Repository.aspx
• Lake Tahoe Region Bicycle and Pedestrian
Plan
• Ridge to Rivers Pathway Plan
• Red Hill Project, Final Report
• Red Hill Survey Results
• Acadia National Park’s Hiking Trails
Management Plan
• North Moab Recreation Areas Alternative
Transportation Project
• Grand County Non-Motorized Trails
Master Plan
• Guide to Sustainable Mountain Trails
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11/7/2012
Q&A Manager
1. Click Q&A
3. Click Ask to
submit your
question.
2. Type your
question or
comment.
4. Answered questions
will appear here.
Presenters can reply to
all or privately,
depending on the nature
of the question.
Directing Your Questions via the
Phone
Push
*8 keys on your phone
This signal will place you in a queue
When it is your turn, the moderator
will announce your city
 You will hear a beep when your line
is unmuted
 Unmute the telephone from your
end, pick up the hand set and ask
your question


Contact the TRIPTAC!
Paul S. Sarbanes Transit in Parks Technical
Assistance Center
www.triptac.org
[email protected]
(877) 704-5292
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