Canraso Development (pdf 7,4 Mb) - International Intervision Institute

Transcription

º
ECO-City development in Spain
CANRASO-TUDELA-NAVARRA
CANRASO ECO CITY
WORKSHOP IN HUELVA, SPAIN 20-22 APRIL 2005
PAGE 1 OF 8
º
TUDELA COMMUNITY
THE MUNICIPALITY
A reference for sustainability
Tudela is a city of 30,000 inhabitants located 90 km south of Pamplona in the Foral Community of Navarra. The
community of Navarra occupies an important position in the field of renewable energies, and as such, since 2001
has been the official headquarters of the National Centre for Renewable Energies (CENER) as the sector of
renewable energy is one of the most important with special importance being paid to wind power at a state level
with two powerful companies: EHN and Gamesa. In addition, the Government of Navarra has promoted its
environmental policies in the region with the development of a number of projects in this area: the Eco-City of
Sarriguren, wind farms, solar photovoltaic installations (1,2MW) at the Montes de Cierzo, a 25MW biomass plant in
Sangüesa, a pilot biodiesel production plant in Sangüesa and a further future biodiesel plant in Caparroso, etc.
Navarra in Spain
CANRASO
IN TUDELA
Navarra Community
The Government of Navarra and the Council of
Tudela
in
collaboration
with
MIYABI
have
proposed the project to create a sustainable
community in the locality. Canraso, the new
neighbourhood of Tudela hopes to become a new
reference for the integration of new sustainable
renewable technologies.
The Eco-Community of Canraso consists of a
community with a very high energy efficiency,
designed in accordance with the principles of
sustainability and whose realisation is not only
limited to the buildings, but also to the integral
The neighbourhood of Canraso at Tudela
management of the neighbourhood services as well, including energy, urban renovation and the empowering of
Tudela in its role as the second city of Navarra. Thanks to this project, an industrially degraded area will be
redeveloped with a surface area of 1,250,000 m2, to convert it into a social, inhabitable space with all kinds of
services in which the population will either directly or indirectly be contributing to caring for the environment.
PAGE 2 OF 8
º
The community: A better place to live
The total surface area of the zone reserved for
Destination
the execution of the project comprises a total of
Residential zone
Community services
Eco-Technoly Park
Renovated zones
Rest
Total
1,275,800 m2, which is subdivided according to
the different destined uses. The area destined for
domestic housing takes in 186,800 m2 and is
distributed in 2 large zones: the MIYABI area to
the north with an area of 139,900 m2, and the
Surface (m2 )
%
186.800
305.900
94.000
272.900
416.200
1.275.800
14,64
23,98
7,37
21,39
32,62
100
southern area with a surface extension ¡n of 46,900 m2. In the MIYABI area (North), there will be 4 residential sub
areas depending on the type of housing to be constructed along with its location.
The housing can be classified depending on the
type of home units: detached, apartment blocks
etc. the surface area and typology. A complete
study has been carried out on the needs of Tudela
to ensure the maximum acceptance of the new
community and to also ensure that the price of
other housing in the region is not adversely
affected (avoiding market saturation). For this
reason, although Canraso development is for
2,500 homes, the construction of these will be
Land
Surface (m2 )
Dwellings
Detached house
Apartment blocks
Terraced houses
Apartments blocks
37.200
66.400
32.400
3.900
139.900
30.900
16.000
46.900
69.600 (37%)
117.200 (63%)
186.800
100
800
617
150
1.667
633
200
833
717 (29%)
1.783 (71%)
2.500
Subzone
Detached houses
Bioclimatic village
Stepped houses
Open-spaces
Total MIYABI Area (North)
Condominios
Main square
Total South Area
Total Houses
Total Appartments
Total Residential
Apartments blocks
Apartments blocks
executed in a series of phases which will last a total of 19 years. In the present project, the construction of the
community incorporates the construction of only 1000 homes along with the infrastructures which allow the
classification of the new neighbourhood as a bioclimatic community.
Furthermore, a proportion of the homes that will
be constructed will be subsidised by the City
council of Tudela to assist the local citizens
acquire homes with a high added environmental
Type
Government subsided house
Price-capped houses
Open Market
Total
Houses
73
644
717
Appartments
772
410
601
1.783
Total
845
410
1.245
2.500
%
33,8
16,4
49,8
value.
Not only a residential area
Prior
to
the
project,
the
main
lacks
and
necessities of the Tudela area were detected and
analysed, and as a result, the development
includes
urban
parks,
boulevards,
squares,
streets footpaths, sports areas and the public
services necessary to transform it into a high
quality, varied public space. Canraso is an area
where you can live, work, enjoy yourself and
learn. In a second phase (2010), there will be a
commitment to the creation of an eco-technology
park, which will replace the old economy of
exhausted
businesses
with
the
creation
of
companies orientated towards the future whose
activity will be related to technology, research
and development and also offices and official
buildings, etc., thus driving the economic development of Tudela by the installation of new enterprises. In addition,
within the community services area, the possible installation of a branch of the Universidad Publica de Navarra
"Yanguas y Miranda" centre, where a number of the public university’s courses will be given. In respect to the point
of connection with the other surrounding neighbourhoods of Tudela, urban renovation of degenerated zones will be
carried out by the City Council within a Special Plan for Interior Renovation.
PAGE 3 OF 8
º
COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES
The principal objective of Tudela Community is to develop an ECO-community of 1,000 dwellings/households for
3-4000 people in a neighbourhood called 'Canraso'. The objective is to cover energy demand with 100%renewable
energy sources and to apply technologies for efficient use of energy. This will allow achieving a 'zero-emission'
community.
In this sense, the energy management objectives in the community are:

Carry out global management of energy within the community controlling both the supply and demand

Take action on the consumer installations, adjusting the energy demand to the available energy (from own
renewable sources or green energy).

Optimise the energy demand chain by promoting and using equipment with high energy performance, both in
dwellings (heating, lighting, domestic electric appliances) and in (urban lighting, municipal services…).
From the point of view of energy consumption, RUE objectives (rational use of energy) are

Reduce the environmental impact of all the processes associated with the housing project, from the selection
of the building materials right through to the “deconstruction” after the useful life of the housing. This
considers not only the saving in energy consumption, but also that in all the processes of the fabrication,
including the fabrication of the materials, their transport, the initiation of the construction work, the use of the
buildings, the demolition and potential re-use of the some or all of the materials, etc.

Provide an integrated focus to the planning, construction, and use of the buildings, taking into account the
energy performance of the building throughout its entire life and the increase in the relationship between
cost/benefit. This objective aims at reducing the annual electricity demand of the housing from present
110kWhm-2 to 25 kWhm-2.

Integrate the legislation, the technology, the economic market mechanisms, training and education, to
improve the energy performance of the buildings on a large scale, always seeking European level repeatability
of the measures implemented.
From the point of view of energy supply, RES objectives (renewable energy supply) that will be achieved are to:

Produce as much energy as needed by means
of RES, in order to cover, at least, 100% of the
energy community demand.

Consume only energy from renewable sources,
WIND
TURBINES
+
THERMAL
SOLAR
+
PHOTOVOLTAIC
thereby ensuring that all the energy produced
and consumed within the community is of a
renewable origin.

Obtain a positive net balance for green energy
in the community, i.e. that the consumption of
energy within the community is lower than its
DWELLINGS
+
MUNICIPALITY
SERVICES
+
OTHERS
production from RES.

Generate
electrical
methods
and
community
GENERATION
DEMAND
energy
integrate
by
them
environment.
Positive net balance
of green energy
RENEWABLE
GENERATED
ENERGY
+
GREEN
ENERGY
(FROM GRID)
CONSUMPTION
distributed
within
the
Photovoltaic
production will take place on every building,
SOLAR THERMAL
SOURCES (1.700 MWh)
PHOTOVOLTAIC SOURCES
1.000 MWh
Storage heaters
No CO2 emission
100% renewable energy
wind power generation will take place in a wind
park. For the distribution of the generated
TUDELA CONCERTO COMMUNITY
power, a detailed study of the community
Equal cost / Improved comfort
distribution and supply grid network will be
necessary, given that some of the power lines
will be carrying current in one direction or the
other at different times of the day due to the
electricity flow being produced from each of the
Lower energy consumption
12.340 MWh
Purchase of
Green Energy
Sale of
wind power
ENERGY MANAGEMENT COMPANY
Community Control for Comfort
ELECTRICITY GRID
generation points. The distribution of this,
PAGE 4 OF 8
º
combined with the corresponding demands from the points of consumption throughout the development all
need to be studied to ensure optimum design and specifications for the grid.
Other non energy-related objectives are:

Provide solutions for the lack of services in the area (creation of parks, squares, sports areas, public
provisions) by means of urban renovation and redevelopment, creating a quality and varied habitable public
space.

Eliminate the emission of CO2 (and other pollutants) at a local level. Develop a software tool capable of

Compensate for the residual emissions of the community by the development of wooded green areas with

Disseminate the knowledge and understanding acquired in the project to the scientific community, and provide
checking and controlling the global environmental impact throughout the whole life cycle of the community.
indigenous species in a bid to conserve water in arid and semi-arid landscape management.
training for personnel already qualified in the involved technologies. Raise the awareness of all the sectors of
society in general (citizens, politicians…) to the benefits of sustainable communities.

Other eco-services: clean urban public transport (using biodiesel); waste management systems by means of
pneumatic collection system, classification, waste production quotas; promotion of compost production
installations.
ENERGY SUPPLY - ACTIVITIES
Renewable energy infrastructure
One of the principal objectives of the Canraso
Community is to achieve zero emissions. For this,
Characteristics
Production per year
the community will have access to green energy
infrastructures which will allow the community to
To supply...
generate as much green energy as the whole
WIND POWER
3 wind mills of 1,5 MW
12.340 MWh electric
heating
cooling
hotwater
Lighting
THERMAL SOLAR
2.500 m2 surface
1.700 MWh - thermal
PHOTOVOLTAIC
6.700 m2 surface
1.000 MWh electric
65% of hot water
demand
electricity
community needs. The installation of wind turbines, thermal solar panels, photovoltaic panels will allow the annual
demand of the community to be covered. At times when the own green energy infrastructures do not supply
enough energy, green energy will be provided by one of the partners of the project IBERDROLA, to ensure the use
of only green energy. Furthermore, when the generator infrastructures are at maximum capacity i.e. producing
more than is needed, the surplus capacity will be sold to the grid, providing green electrical energy for society in
general. In concrete terms, there will be a positive balance of green energy maintaining the commitment to the
partners with respect to the environment. The production of domestic hot water will be predominantly done by
means of thermal solar panels which should, according to calculations be able to cover 65% of the demand.
New tool: "Community Control for Comfort"
For domestic comfort, electrical storage heaters will be used, and these will be charged up during periods of excess
renewable energy or via the purchase of further green energy when it is at a low price. To optimise the charge
periods of the storage heaters, and avoiding the simultaneous charging of all the heaters at the same time, a
centralised control system will be developed which will monitor all the homes. The system will also monitor the
prevailing weather conditions, the climate, the temperature preferences of each individual user (temperature with
reference to time of day etc.), the availability of renewable energy generated by the community, the market price
of supplementary green energy… In this way, it will be possible to achieve optimal consumption of energy and also
the best possible prices. This service will be offered to the community by the company ESCO, which is a new
company created for this purpose to be responsible for the control systems and their management.
ENERGY DEMAND - ACTIVITIES
Low-consumption ECO-buildings
Canraso will have eco-buildings with low environmental impact both from the point of view of the materials used
and the construction process, and also from the point of view of the use of the buildings themselves. To achieve
this, during the project an innovative software package will be adopted to analyse the impact from the design point
of view of the building, considering: the location of the building, the climate, the orientation and geometry of the
building, the materials used in the construction, the active and passive measures for reducing consumption in both
PAGE 5 OF 8
º
heating and lighting from cradle to grave to permit the full optimisation of the design of the buildings at the same
time as evaluating and comparing different buildings.
The use of this tool will be demanded of all the construction companies within the Canraso Eco-Community
development to ensure that they prioritise the construction of buildings with low impact. In addition, once the
buildings have been constructed, the energy performance of them will be monitored and corrective or improvement
measures can be established and introduced to achieve the optimum response and performance with reference to
energy efficiency and the environment.
Energy balance pr. 1.000 dwellings, 70m2/dwelling
New
Existent
Heating
<30
90
Hot tap water
5,6
16
Electricity (appliances consumption) <46
53
Environmental impact, electricity
0
5.565
Unit
kWh/m2
kWh/m2
kWh/m2
ton CO2/year
Observations
Using eco-design in dwellings (simulation with Energy Plus)
65% of hot tap water obtained from thermal solar panel
Using A-class appliances (less consumption)
No emissions. 100% use of renewable sources or green
OTHER VALUABLE POINTS - ACTIVITIES
An informed society
The project presented here intends to involve all parts of society, increasing environmental awareness and
promoting educational actions that back the laid out objectives. To that end, courses, seminars and conferences
are planned as a means to disseminate the results of the project to society.
Clean transport
A new urban transport route connecting Canraso with the city centre will be created with the aim of facilitating the
free and easy movement of the Community inhabitants within the Tudela area, without the need to use their
vehicles. The bus which will cover this new route will use biodiesel, a fuel that has no net CO2 emissions to the
atmosphere. It is foreseen that such bus will consume about 150 litres of biodiesel per month supplied from a
5,000 litres deposit located in the urban buses depot of Tudela. This biodiesel will be produced in the future plant
that the company EHN is installing in Caparroso, 36 km far from Tudela.
Regarding the private transport, the aim is to have the minimum number of vehicles possible circulating inside the
community, with the aim of improving the quality of life of the citizens as a result of the acoustic and
environmental pollution associated with higher levels of traffic.
The road configuration of the community will be also taken into account so that there will be different kinds of
roads for external and internal traffic. The construction of a relief road will ease the traffic surrounding the
community. On the other hand, the internal traffic will be restricted to accessing inhabitants personal parking
spaces, public transport, services, emergencies, etc. The remaining vehicles will have to park in places located in
the periphery of the community. Such places will be strategically arranged in order to minimise the distances to the
different destinations.
Other quality services
For the waste collection, the traditional track is going to be replaced by a pneumatic collection system. In this way,
noises and residual emissions from the tracks will be avoided, while at the same time security and quality of life
will improve for the citizens. The boxes for the collection of the waste will be assigned to the residents’
associations, and a variable tax will be applied for the service (depending on the quantity of generated waste) with
the aim of minimizing the production of waste.
The classification of waste will be easier through the use of different colour bags for organic waste, paper and
cardboard, glass and packaging. Every bag will be placed inside the same box and will be classified according to
their colour in the central collection depot. This will be done through an underground network of suction pipes.
PAGE 6 OF 8
º
The use of compost production installations will be promoted. In these installations, resident associations will be
able to place waste from pruning and gardening. In this way, the transport to dumping sites will be avoided and
fertilizer for the gardens will be obtained.
PARTNERS
GOVERNMENT OF NAVARRA
(www.navarra.es)
Navarra occupies an area of 10,400 km2, has a population of 560,000 inhabitants and presents an important
industrial sector which contributes 33% of the gross added value generated by the region. Navarra is a successful
example of RES deployment. In 1995, Navarra started its current drive in renewable energies and sustainable
development and the results of this materialised in the Energy Plan approved by the government of Navarra in
January 1996. As a result of these energy plans, in 2002 the regional electricity consumption reached 60% supply
by RES.
Another commendable point of interest is that as a fruit of the high development of the renewable energies in
Navarra, that in 2000, an initiative from the Spanish Ministry for Science and Technology and the GOV-SP) gave
birth to CENER Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables (national centre for renewable energies) RTD-SP. Its
creation was laid down in an agreement of the Ministerial Council in March 2000, and its designated location was
Navarra.
At the present moment, Navarra is immersed in a new Energy Plan 2001-2010 whose objectives include promoting
sources of renewable energies and amplifying the infrastructures. The objective of the region is to produce 97% of
its electricity consumption by means of RES by 2005, and to become more and more self sufficient with respect to
fuel supply. In this same year, the operational start of a 30 MW solar thermoelectric plants is expected, which will
be increased to 90 MW by the year 2010.
Role in the Project
GOVERNMENT OF NAVARRA will concentrate its efforts in the regional management of the project, gaining the
necessary political and institutional support and integrating the project and its coordination in the Energy Plan of
Navarra. At the same time, GOV-SP will foster the development of regional regulations and will also take part in
the regional dissemination of the project.
TUDELA CITY COUNCIL
(www.tudela.com)
Tudela is, in order of population and development, the second city in Navarra, region from the north of Spain and
border with France. The city has, at present, a population of about 30,000 inhabitants, a number that is always
increasing due strong city planning and a high birth-rate.
The activity of Tudela city council is supported by 266 people, 32 of them in the Urban and Environmental
Regulation Department. In 2002, the budget of the council amounted to more than 42 million euros, dedicated to
promote the prosperity of the city. MUN-SP has an excellent geographical emplacement, on the banks of the Ebro,
in a strategic place from the point of view of the whole communication network, which favours its progress. That
progress and development has transformed the city from an almost agricultural economy to a predominant
industrial region in one decade.
This progress has been especially noticeable in the energy sector, with a clear bet for renewable energies. In fact,
during the last years, several hydraulic centrals and wind farms have been set up in the municipality, culminating
with the construction, in 2002, of the largest photovoltaic plant in Spain (1.2 MWe).
Role in the Project
PAGE 7 OF 8
º
TUDELA CITY COUNCIL is the local promoter of the community of Canraso. It will provide the land, carry out the
urbanization and manage the complementary and public services (waste collection, transport, courts, health). The
council will organize the public tenders for the allocation of the plots and will reach agreements with constructors
relating the extra cost of the eco-dwellings in order to transfer them the grant obtained in the project (35% of the
extra-cost). It will also take part in the development of the local regulations and will monitor the evolution of the
project. Finally, the council will participate in the dissemination of the acquired knowledge among the citizens and
towards other communities from Navarra and outside.
MIYABI
(www.miyabi.es)
Natural Climate Systems, S.A. (MIYABI) is a company created by initiative of the Government of Navarra in July
2001 with the aim of promoting and developing bioclimatic architecture projects which will contribute to the
achievement of a more environmentally friendly energy model.
MIYABI has committed itself to the R&D in the sphere of bioclimatic construction, with the objective of obtaining
the most effective solutions in order to improve the users’ quality of life from the point of view of energy efficiency
and of the use of renewable energies. Other medium-term objectives of the company are:

The promotion, construction and renovation of buildings with energy efficiency criteria.

The commercialisation of materials, products or equipment used for the construction of this type of housings.

The environmental, urban development and property advice and consultancy.
Role in the Project
MIYABI will take part in the project as the technology promoter and local coordinator. It will monitor the evolution
of the project during its different stages, evaluating and validating the results at the conclusion. MIYABI will also
give its support during the development of new standards and the training activities.
PAGE 8 OF 8
ECO CIUDAD DE CANRASO
WORKSHOP IN HUELVA, SPAIN
20-22 APRIL 2005
Las Condiciones de Contexto
A
Tudela en su contexto territorial
B
Análisis de la Estructura Urbana
C
Diagnóstico Percibido
La EcoCiudad de Canraso
D
Canraso. Análisis del Lugar
E
Investigaciones de Diseño Urbano
F
Las Claves de la EcoCiudad
Tudela en su Contexto Territorial
El Eje del Ebro, espacio estratégico
A
A
Ejes Potenciales
Eje Ruta de los
Portugueses
Eje del Ebro
Fuente: Ministerio de Fomento
A
PIB per cápita en España
PIB per cápita a precio de mercado en 1998
En pesetas constantes de 1986
Fuente: BBVA e INE
Media Nacional: 100
7.652 euros
1.273.286 pesetas
Por encima de la media
Por debajo de la media
A
Tudela en su Sistema Urbano
Tiempos de Transporte por Carretera
Radio de 50 min aprox.
B
Tudela
Fuentes: Ayuntamiento de Tudela, elaboración propia
B
Principales Áreas de Actividad. Industria
Principales Áreas de Actividad. Comercio y Ocio
Fuentes: Ayuntamiento de Tudela, EIN, elaboración propia
B
B
Elementos de la Imagen Urbana
B
Señas de Identidad
9. MEJANA
8. CERRO DE SANTA BÁRBARA
B
Principales Áreas de Deterioro Urbano
CPI. Matriz de Resultados
C
C
C
C
Clima.Vientos % de Ocurrencia
D
La Mejana desde Canraso
Canraso desde el cerro de Santa Bárbara
D
Tudela desde Canraso
D
Investigaciones de Diseño Urbano
E
CORREDORES
CORREDORESECOLÓGICOS
ECOLÓGICOS
VIVIENDAS
VIVIENDASBIOCLIMÁTICAS
BIOCLIMÁTICAS
PARQUE-MIRADOR
PARQUE-MIRADOR
CERRO
CERRODE
DESANTA
SANTABÁRBARA
BÁRBARA
PARQUE
PARQUEECO
ECOTECNOLÓGICO
TECNOLÓGICO
CAMPUS
CAMPUSDE
DETUDELA
TUDELA
RENOVACIÓN
RENOVACIÓNURBANA
URBANA
PLAZA
PLAZAMAYOR
MAYOR
1
Un Proyecto Crítico
Sensibilidad Local
Componentes de Excelencia de Tudela
Entorno Innovador
Hacia la Nueva Economía
Un Proyecto Motor
basado en la Innovación
F
2
Compromiso con la
Renovación Urbana y el
Reciclaje del Territorio
BARRIO VIRGEN
DE LACABEZA
RENOVACIÓN
POLÍGONO DE
ACTIVIDADES
MOLESTAS
SUSTITUCIÓN
F
CERRO DE
SANTA BÁRBARA
RECUPERACIÓN
CENTRO
HISTÓRICO
NUEVA
CENTRALIDAD
Parques Urbanos
Bulevares
Plazas
Calles
Recorridos
Áreas Deportivas …
3
Calidad y Variedad
del Espacio Público
F
Pueblo Bioclimático
Viviendas Unifamiliares
Miradores del Campus
Viviendas Escalonadas
Condominios
Plaza Mayor
4
Diversidad de Tipologías
Residenciales
F
Un lugar para:
Vivir
Trabajar
Divertirse
Formarse
5
Un Espacio de Fusión
F
6
Una Operación Piloto de
EcoDesarrollo
Balance anual neto de Energía Positivo
Gestión Integral de los Servicios de la
EcoCiudad
Proyecto Pionero en España
Autosuficiencia
Energética
F
7
Actuando sobre la Demanda
Intensificación de la Normativa
Nuevas Propuestas
Concienciación del Usuario
Actuando sobre las Instalaciones
Equipos energéticamente más eficientes
estudiados según las necesidades climatológicas
de Tudela
Gestión optimizada de los Equipos
Actuando sobre ambos
Uso de herramientas de diseño simulativas
optimizando los recursos económicos y
reduciendo el consumo energético
Reducción del Consumo
Energético
F
Energía Eólica
8
Energía Eléctrica mediante 3 aerogeneradores
12.340MWh suministrados cada año
Cubre las necesidades energéticas de la Ecociudad
Primera Integración Eólica en zona urbana en España
Energía Solar Térmica
60% Demanda Térmica anual asociada a A.C.S. a través
de Captadores Solares Térmicos en cada Vivienda
2m2/Vivienda de paneles solares aproximadamente
Energía Solar Fotovoltaica
Posibilidad de instalar una superficie de Captador Solar
Fotovoltaico a los usuarios que lo deseen
Fuentes de Energía
Renovable
F
9
Materiales y soluciones constructivas
acordes con los principios de
sostenibilidad
Medidas de control medioambiental
Integración de principios de arquitectura
y urbanismo bioclimáticos
Construcción Sostenible
F
10
Explotación racional de las Energías
Primarias promoviendo las Energías
Renovables como única fuente
energética
Reducción del impacto ambiental
evitando:
Emisión de 4.936 toneladas de CO2
Impacto derivado de la construcción de otras centrales
Cero Emisiones
F
ECOCIUDAD DE CANRASO
Hacia la Excelencia Ambiental