Inside the Tw o Stage Compressor

Transcription

Inside the Two Stage Compressor
Engineering Specifications &
Installation/Operating Instructions
Two Stage Split System Compressor Unit
EV 38 thru 58 Series
Two Stage Split System
Compressor Unit
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
I.
II.
III.
IV
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
XV.
XVI
XVII.
2
Title
Introduction to ECONAR Heat Pumps
Applications
Unit Sizing
A. Building Heat Loss / Heat Gain
B. Ground Sources and Design Water Temperatures
C. Temperature Limitations
Available Models
Performance Ratings, Configuration Options, Physical Data, Electrical
Data, Heating & Cooling Performance Data, Blower Performance Data,
Water Coil Pressure Drop Data
Correction Factors
Unit Location / Installation
A. Compressor Unit Installation
B. Refrigeration Line Set Installation
C. Installing Air Handler Unit, or Air Coil Unit
D. Evacuation and Testing
Duct System / Blower
Ground Source Design
A. Ground Loop Applications
B. Ground Water Applications
1. Ground Water Freeze Protection Switch
2. Water Coil Maintenance
Electrical Service
24 Volt Control Circuit
A.
Room Thermostat
B.
Split System Controller
C.
Compressor Unit Controller
D. Compressor Unit Transformer
Startup / Checkout
Service and Lockout Lights
Room Thermostat Operation
Desuperheater (Optional)
Troubleshooting Guide for Lockout Conditions
Troubleshooting Guide for Unit Operation
Troubleshooting Guide for ECM Blower
Additional Figures, Tables, and Appendices
System Installation, Ground Loop and Ground Water Plumbing, Desuperheater
Installation, Refrigerant Diagram, Wiring Diagram.
Page
2
3
3
5
11
12
12
15
16
20
20
21
21
23
24
26
27
I. INTRODUCTION TO ECONAR
HEAT PUMPS
Enertech Global, LLC, is home to ECONAR geothermal heat
pumps, a brand that has been in Minnesota for more than
twenty years. The cold winter climate has driven the design of
ECONAR heating and cooling equipment to what is known as
a "ColdClimate" geothermal heat pump. This cold climate
technology focuses on maximizing the energy savings
available in heating dominated regions without sacrificing
comfort.
Extremely
efficient
heating,
cooling,
dehumidification and optional domestic hot water heating are
provided in one neatly packaged system.
Enertech produces three types of ECONAR heat pumps:
hydronic, which transfers energy from water to water; forced
air, which transfers energy from water to air; and combination,
which incorporates the hydronic heating unit into a forced air
unit. Geothermal heat pumps get their name from the transfer
of energy to and from the ground. The ground-coupled heat
exchanger (geothermal loop) supplies the source energy for
heating and absorbs the discharged energy from cooling. The
system uses a compression cycle, much like your refrigerator,
to collect the ground's energy supplied by the sun and uses it
to heat your home. Since the process only moves energy, and
does not create it, the efficiencies are three to four times
higher than most efficient fossil fuel systems.
Safety and comfort are designed into every ECONAR
geothermal heat pump. Since the system runs completely on
electrical energy, the entire home can have the safety of being
gas-free. The best engineering and quality control is in every
heat pump. Proper application and correct installation will
ensure excellent performance and customer satisfaction. The
GeoSystems commitment to quality is written on the side of
every ECONAR heat pump built. Throughout the
manufacturing process, the technicians who assemble each
unit sign their names to the quality assurance label after
completing their inspections. As a final quality test, every unit
goes through a full run-test where the performance and
operation is verified in both the heating and cooling modes.
No other manufacturer goes as far as to run a full performance
check to ensure system quality.
This guide discusses Enertech line of ECONAR Two Stage
Split System for split system applications and the Two Stage
Compressor Unit with Air Coil Unit for add-on to Dual Fuel
applications. The fully pre-charged Compressor Unit uses R410A refrigerant, which is environmentally friendly to the
earth’s protective ozone layer; and has a factory-installed
Thermostatic Expansion Valve.
WARNING – Service of refrigerant-based equipment can be
hazardous due to elevated system pressures and hazardous
voltages. Only trained and qualified personnel should install,
repair or service. The installer is responsible to ensure that all
local electrical, plumbing, heating and air conditioning codes
are followed.
WARNING – INJURY OR DEATH CAN RESULT
2
FROM EXPLOSION WHEN OXYGEN IS USED TO
PURGE A REFRIGERANT SYSTEM. Never use air or
oxygen to purge or pressure test the refrigerant system.
Oxygen reacts violently with oil, and mixtures of air and
R410A may be combustible at pressures above 1 atmosphere.
WARNING – ELECTRICAL SHOCK CAN CAUSE
PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. Disconnect all power
supplies before installing or servicing electrical devices. Only
trained and qualified personnel should install, repair or service
this equipment.
CAUTION – Verify refrigerant type before servicing. The
nameplate on the heat pump identifies the type and the amount
of refrigerant. All refrigerant removed from these units must
be reclaimed by following accepted industry and agency
procedures.
CAUTION – Ground loops must be freeze protected, since
insufficient amounts of antifreeze may cause severe damage
and may void warranty. Never operate with ground flow
rates less than specified. Continuous operation at low flow
rates, or no flow, may cause severe damage and may void
warranty.
CAUTION – R410A refrigerant requires extra precaution
when service work is being performed. Invasion into the
refrigerant system must be a last resort. Ensure all other
diagnosis and methods have been used before attaching
refrigerant instruments and before opening the refrigerant
system. Synthetic oil (POE) is extremely hydroscopic,
meaning it has a strong chemical attraction to moisture. Brief
exposure to ambient air could cause POE to absorb enough
moisture that a typical vacuum may not remove.
NOTE:
 All Pressure Drop Ratings are for Pure Water.
 See Section IV for Correction Factors.
 Performance Values are +/-10% and are subject to change
without notice.
COMMON ACRONYMS
DHW
Domestic Hot Water
dP
Pressure Differential
EWT
Entering Water Temperature
ETL
Electrical Testing Labs (founded
by Thomas Edison) – a Nationally
Recognized Testing Laboratory
GPM/gpm
Gallons per Minute
Ground Loop
Also known as Closed Loop
Ground Water
Also known as Open Loop
GTF
GeoThermal Transfer Fluid
HP
High Pressure
LWT
Leaving Water Temperature
LP
Low Pressure
P/T
Pressure/Temperature
SR
Sensible Cooling Ratio
VA
Volt Amperes
II. APPLICATIONS
Split System geothermal heat pumps consist of an Air Handler
Unit (AHU) and a Compressor Unit (CU) for indoor
installations to offer an extremely efficient and safe way to
provide the primary space heating and all the cooling for many
applications (see Figure 1). Also, the fully-charged CU, along
with an Air Coil Unit (ACU) can also be used for Dual Fuel
application to an existing central forced air fossil fuel or
electric heat system. In Dual Fuel applications, the CU and the
ACU take the place of the conventional central air
conditioning system to provide very high efficiencies.
CAUTION, CAUTION – The air blower in a Dual Fuel
application must have a minimum of two stages of air flow
that provides the required air flow.
Important – ENERGY STAR®, ETL, and other Agency
Certifications are based on proper matching of System
Components and operating conditions – No Exceptions!
Compressor
Unit
EV38
EV48
EV58
Air
Handler
Unit
(AHU)
FS3-x-2xV
FS4-x-2xV
FS5-x-2xV
Air Coil
Unit (ACU)
35-9005
35-9005
35-9006
Line Set (25 feet)
Suction
Liquid
3/4 OD
7/8 OD
7/8 OD
3/8 OD
3/8 OD
3/8 OD
Important – Optimum system operation and reliability is
based on a Refrigerant Line Set of: 25-foot length, 3/8” OD
Liquid Line, 3/4” OD Vapor Line on the EV38 and 7/8” OD
Vapor Line on the EV48 and EV58, and 1/2” insulation on the
vapor line. Do not reduce or increase the length of the
Refrigerant Line Set.
Important – There should not be more than 20 feet of
vertical separation between the CU and the A-Coil.
Important – Dual Fuel applications are intended to take the
place of the central air conditioner on an existing installation,
so its capacity rating is generally the same as the central air
conditioner would have been, and its air flow is determined by
the air distribution system of the existing system. Because of
these limitations, supplemental heat from the existing system
may occasionally be needed on extreme cold days during the
heating season. On Dual Fuel applications, the refrigeration ACoil must be on the supply (outlet) of the supplemental
heating system.
Important – The Split System Controller has two factory
pre-set Jumper Plugs, JS and JL. Refer to the separate section
on the Split System Controller in this document for important
field adjustments that may be necessary.
Important – proper air flow of the Dual Fuel installation
must be provided as specified in order for the compressor to
run quieter and more efficiently.
Note – The CU installs indoors and has an internal
refrigeration compressor. A slight hum may be noticeable at
close distance. Improper installation may cause undesirable
noise levels.
Important – An electronic room thermostat designed and
configured for heat pump must be used. The compressor offdelay setting must be at least 4 minutes for proper control
operation between the heat pump and a Dual Fuel heat system.
Note – The Two Stage Split System Controller has
sequences for Utility Dual Fuel applications that eliminate the
need for field-added sensitive and problematic “bonnet” or
“plenum” temperature switches.
III. UNIT SIZING
Selecting the unit capacity of a forced air geothermal heat
pump requires three things:
A) Building Heat Loss / Heat Gain.
B) Ground Sources and Design Water Temperatures.
C) Temperature Limitations
A. Building Heat Loss / Heat Gain
The space load must be estimated accurately for any
successful HVAC installation. There are many guides or
computer programs available for estimating heat loss and gain,
including the Geothermal Heat Pump Handbook, Manual J,
and others. After the heat loss and gain analysis is completed,
Entering Water Temperatures (EWT’s) are established, and
the heat pump can now be selected using the heat pump
performance data. Choose the capacity of the heat pump based
on both heating and cooling loads.
B. Ground-Sources and Design Water
Temperatures
Ground sources include the Ground Water (typically a well)
and the Ground Loop varieties. Water flow-rate requirements
vary based on configuration, and heat pump performance data
provides capacities at different water temperatures. Note:
Table 1 shows the water-flow (GPM) requirements and waterflow pressure differential (dP) for the heat exchanger, and
Table 2 shows the dP multiplier for various levels of freeze
protection.
Table 1 – Ground-Side Flow Rate Requirements
Series
Flow
dP*
Flow
(gpm)
(psig)
(gpm)
9
3.1
6
EV38
12
5.3
8
EV48
15
4.9
9
EV58
* dP (psig) heat exchanger pressure drops are for pure water.
Note: dP values are for standard heat exchanger configurations.
Cupro Nickel heat exchanger configurations for Ground
Water applications have higher dP.
dP*
(psig)
1.6
2.6
1.9
Table 2 – Heat Exchanger Pressure Differential (dP)
Correction Factors for Freeze Protection (Typical)
AntiFreeze
Percent
Volume
Freeze
Level
dP Multiplier
25oF
35oF
90oF
GTF(1)
50% GTF
12oF
125%
123%
N/a
Propylene
20%
18oF
136%
133%
118%
Glycol
25%
15oF
145%
142%
N/a
(1)
GTF = Geothermal Transfer Fluid. 60% water, 40% methanol.
110oF
N/a
114%
N/a
1. Ground Loop Systems (see Figure 2)
Loop systems use high-density polyethylene pipe buried
underground to supply a tempered water solution back to the
heat pump. Loops operate at higher flow rates than ground
water systems because the loop Entering Water Temperature
(EWT) is lower. EWT affects the capacity of the unit in the
heating mode, and loops in cold climates are normally sized to
supply wintertime EWT to the heat pump down to 25 oF.
2. Ground Water Systems (see Figure 3)
Note – If a heat pump is installed with ground water, it
should have a Cupro-Nickel water coil (EVxxx-x-VxxN).
Cupro-Nickel water coils withstand well water better than
standard water coils.
The design water temperature will be the well water
temperature in the geographic region for ground water
systems. Typical well water temperatures are in the 50 oF range
in many cold climates. If well water temperature is lower than
50oF (Canadian well water can be as low as 40oF), the flow
rate must be increased to avoid leaving water temperatures
below the freezing point. If well water temperatures are above
50oF (Some southern states are above 70oF), the flow rates
may need to be increased to dump energy more efficiently
during the cooling mode.
Varying well water temperatures will have little effect on unit
capacity in the cooling mode (since the well is connected to
the heat pump condenser), but can have large effects on
4
capacity in the heating mode (since the well is connected to
the evaporator). If well water temperatures exceed 70oF,
special considerations such as closed loop systems should be
considered.
C. Temperature Limitations
Be aware of the operating range of the geothermal system
when sizing the particular heat pump to avoid premature
equipment failure. Operating outside of these limitations may
cause severe damage to the equipment and may void
warranty.
CAUTIONS;
o
o
 The acceptable Ground Loop EWT is 15 F to 70 F for
o
o
heating and 40 F to 100 F for cooling.
o
o
 The acceptable Ground Water EWT is 45 F to 70 F for
o
o
heating and 40 F to 100 F for cooling.
o
 Cooling mode with EWT below 50 F should only be for
temporary operation. Continuous operation with EWT below
50oF requires addition of a method to keep head pressure
above 200 psig (such as a head pressure control or further
reduction of water flow).
IV. AVAILABLE MODELS
Performance Ratings
Ground Loop
AHRI/ISO 13256-1
MODELS
Stage CFM GPM
1st
910
9
EV 380/381
2nd
1180
9
1st
1295
12
EV 480/481
2nd
1680
12
1st
1425
15
EV 580/581
2nd
1850
15
Performance Ratings
Ground Water
AHRI/ISO 13256-1
MODELS
Stage
1st
EV 380/381
2nd
1st
EV 480/481
2nd
1st
EV 580/581
2nd
HEATING
32ºF EWT
COOLING
77ºF EWT
BTU/hr
COP
BTU/hr
30,500
3.5
38,000
14.4
.74
39,800
3.4
49,000
15.8
.74
48,600
3.4
60,000
15.5
.73
HEATING
50ºF EWT
CFM
910
1180
1295
1680
1425
1850
GPM
9
9
12
12
15
15
BTU/hr COP
SR
COOLING
59ºF EWT
BTU/hr
EER
SR
4.1
43,000
19.0
.72
50,000
4.0
53,000
19.0
.72
62,000
3.9
64,000
19.4
.71
Description
Standard, No Desuperheater
Desuperheater
Standard, 208/230-1, 60 Hz
208/230-3, 60 Hz
Standard Brazeplate Earth Loop
Cupro-Nickel Well Water Coil
COOLING
68ºF EWT
BTU/hr
23,300
COP
3.9
BTU/hr
28,900
EER
22.0
SR
.75
31,500
3.9
40,000
23.9
.75
37,500
3.8
49,000
22.5
.74
HEATING
50ºF EWT
38,000
Configuration Options – Compressor Unit
Model Suffix
EVxx0-x-VS2x
EVxx1-x-VS2x
EVxxx-1-VS2x
EVxxx-2-VS2x
EVxxx-x-VS2O
EVxxx-x-VS2N
EER
HEATING
41ºF EWT
COOLING
59ºF EWT
BTU/hr
27,000
COP
4.4
BTU/hr
32,000
EER
27.0
SR
.73
35,000
4.2
41,000
27.0
.73
44,000
4.3
51,000
26.9
.73
Physical Dimensions
26.5"
21.25"
Access
Panel
0.88" Dia.
Knockouts
27.75"
In from
Ground
Out to
Ground
Refrigerant
Vapor Line
Out to
Water Heater
In from
Water Heater
Refrigerant
Liquid Line
Desuperheater
Model
EV38x – EV58x
Inlets
1.0 FPT
Ground
Outlets
1.0 FPT
Desuperheater
1.0 FPT
Refrig Connection
Liquid
Vapor
3/8 OD
7/8 OD
Physical Data
Description
Compressor
Expansion Device
Desuperheater Pump (HP)
Transformer (VA)
Unit Weight (lbs)*
38
210
48
Compliant Scroll
Thermostatic
1/150
55
220
58
230
* Unit Weight includes shipping pallet and materials.
Electrical Data (all HCAR-type circuit breaker per NEC)
Compressor Unit
Voltage
Phase
6
Compressor
Without PumpPAK
Total
Min.
Max
PumpPAK
With PumpPAK
Total
Min.
Max
Model
EV380/381 -1
EV380/381 -2
Frequency (Hz)
RLA
LRA
FLA
Amp.
Fuse
HP
FLA
FLA
Amp.
Fuse
208/230-1, 60
208/230-3, 60
16.7
11.2
82
58
-11.2
-14.0
-25
1/3
--
3.6
--
20.3
--
24.5
--
40
--
EV480/481 -1
208/230-1, 60
21.2
96
--
--
--
1/3
3.6
24.8
30.1
50
EV480/481 -2
EV580/581 -1
EV580/581 -2
208/230-3, 60
208/230-1, 60
208/230-3, 60
13.5
25.6
17.6
88
118
123
13.5
-17.6
16.9
-22.0
30
-35
-1/2
--
-5.4
--
-31.0
--
-37.4
--
-60
--
EV 380/381-x-VS2x Heating and Cooling Performance Data
Loop
EWT
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
Loop
EWT
40
50
60
70
75
80
90
95
100
Loop
GPM
9
9
9
9
9
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
Loop
GPM
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
6
7
9
dP
ft
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
dP
ft
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
3.7
4.6
7.2
dP
psi
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
HEATING PERFORMANCE @ 68oF EAT
First Stage @ 910 cfm
Second Stage @ 1180 cfm
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
COP
Press
Press
/hr
KW
COP
Press
15.3
1.5
3.0
60-70 240-258
23.1
2.2
3.1
55-65
17.0
1.5
3.2
70-80 249-269
25.3
2.2
3.3
63-73
18.6
1.6
3.5
77-87 260-280
27.5
2.3
3.5
72-82
20.2
1.6
3.7
86-96 271-291
29.7
2.4
3.6
80-90
21.8
1.6
3.9
94-104 283-303
31.8
2.5
3.7
89-99
22.9
1.6
4.1
33.2
2.5
3.8
98-112 290-314
93-108
23.5
1.7
4.1
34.0
2.6
3.9
23.7
1.7
4.2
34.2
2.6
3.9
24.7
1.7
4.3 103-122 300-325
35.7
2.6
4.0
90-115
25.1
1.7
4.3
36.2
2.7
4.0
25.3
1.7
4.4
36.3
2.7
4.0
26.3
1.7
4.5 107-132 311-336
37.8
2.7
4.1 109-124
26.7
1.7
4.5
38.3
2.7
4.1
28.4
1.7
4.8
40.4
2.8
4.2
29.5
1.8
4.9 125-150 329-359
42.1
2.9
4.3 120-145
30.0
1.8
4.9
42.7
2.9
4.3
31.4
1.8
5.1
44.5
3.0
4.4
32.8
1.8
5.3 140-165 351-381
46.4
3.0
4.5 130-160
33.2
1.8
5.3
47.0
3.1
4.5
dP
psi
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.0
3.1
COOLING PERFORMANCE @ 80oF DB/67oF WB
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
EER
Press
Press
/hr
KW
EER
Press
36.9
0.8
44.0
155-175
47.6
1.9
25.3
37.4
0.8
46.1 123-138 150-170
48.3
1.8
26.4 123-138
37.8
0.8
48.1
140-160
48.8
1.8
27.6
34.3
1.0
33.4
185-205
45.0
2.1
21.1
34.8
1.0
35.0 126-141 180-200
45.6
2.1
22.1 124-139
35.2
1.0
36.5
172-192
46.1
2.0
23.0
31.8
1.2
26.1
222-242
42.3
2.4
17.8
32.2
1.2
27.3 128-143 217-237
42.9
2.3
18.6 126-141
32.6
1.1
28.5
207-227
43.4
2.2
19.4
29.2
1.4
20.8
257-277
39.7
2.6
15.1
29.6
1.4
21.7 132-147 252-272
40.2
2.5
15.8 127-142
29.9
1.3
22.7
242-262
40.7
2.5
16.5
27.9
1.5
18.6
275-295
38.4
2.8
13.9
28.3
1.5
19.5 132-147 270-290
38.9
2.7
14.6 128-143
28.6
1.4
20.3
260-280
39.3
2.6
15.2
26.7
1.6
16.7
295-320
37.1
2.9
12.9
27.0
1.5
17.5 135-150 290-315
37.6
2.8
13.5 129-144
27.3
1.5
18.2
275-300
38.0
2.7
14.1
24.1
1.8
13.5
330-355
34.4
3.1
11.0
24.4
1.7
14.1 135-150 325-350
34.9
3.0
11.5 130-145
24.7
1.7
14.7
310-335
35.3
2.9
12.0
22.8
1.9
12.1
355-385
33.1
3.3
10.2
23.1
1.8
12.7 135-150 350-380
33.6
3.1
10.7 131-146
23.4
1.8
13.3
335-365
33.9
3.1
11.1
21.6
2.0
10.9
365-395
31.8
3.4
9.4
21.9
1.9
11.4 140-155 357-387
32.2
3.3
9.9 131-146
22.1
1.9
11.9
342-372
32.6
3.2
10.3
Note: dP pressure drops apply to standard coils, and cupro-nickel ground water coils have higher pressure drops.
Head
Press
246-266
257-277
269-289
281-301
293-313
305-325
316-336
323-348
342-372
366-396
Head
Press
178-198
173-193
163-183
215-235
210-230
200-220
250-270
245-265
235-255
286-306
281-301
271-291
300-320
295-315
290-310
322-342
317-337
307-327
355-380
350-375
340-365
371-396
366-391
356-381
385-415
380-410
370-400
Loop
EWT
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
Loop
EWT
40
50
60
70
75
80
90
95
100
Loop
GPM
12
12
12
12
12
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
Loop
GPM
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
8
10
12
dP
ft
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
dP
ft
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
6.0
8.8
12.3
dP
psi
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
COP
Press
Press
/hr
KW
COP
Press
19.0
2.1
2.7
58-68 229-249
30.0
3.0
2.9
53-63
21.3
2.1
3.0
65-75 240-260
33.0
3.1
3.1
61-71
23.7
2.1
3.3
75-85 250-270
36.0
3.2
3.3
69-79
26.0
2.2
3.5
82-92 260-280
38.9
3.3
3.4
77-87
28.3
2.2
3.8
90-100 270-290
41.9
3.4
3.6
85-95
29.9
2.2
4.0
43.8
3.5
3.7
93-108 275-300
88-103
30.6
2.2
4.0
44.9
3.5
3.7
31.2
2.2
4.2
45.3
3.5
3.8
32.5
2.2
4.3
95-115 285-310
47.2
3.6
3.9
88-111
33.0
2.2
4.3
47.8
3.6
3.9
33.4
2.2
4.4
48.1
3.6
3.9
34.8
2.2
4.5 105-125 295-320
50.1
3.7
4.0
95-119
35.3
2.3
4.5
50.8
3.7
4.0
37.8
2.3
4.9
53.7
3.8
4.1
39.4
2.3
5.0 120-140 310-340
55.9
3.9
4.2 119-134
39.9
2.3
5.0
56.7
3.9
4.2
42.2
2.3
5.3
59.3
4.0
4.3
44.0
2.4
5.4 130-155 330-360
61.8
4.1
4.5 125-155
44.6
2.4
5.4
62.7
4.1
4.5
dP
psi
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
2.6
3.8
5.3
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
EER
Press
Press
/hr
KW
EER
Press
46.3
1.2
37.5
160-180
59.0
2.8
21.0
46.9
1.2
39.2 124-139 155-175
59.8
2.7
22.0 113-128
47.4
1.2
41.0
145-165
60.5
2.6
23.0
44.0
1.5
30.1
195-215
56.3
3.0
19.0
44.6
1.4
31.5 126-141 190-210
57.0
2.9
19.9 116-131
45.1
1.4
32.9
180-200
57.7
2.8
20.8
41.7
1.7
24.7
225-245
53.6
3.1
17.2
42.3
1.6
25.9 128-143 220-240
54.3
3.0
18.0 119-134
42.8
1.6
27.0
210-230
54.9
2.9
18.8
39.5
1.9
20.6
259-279
50.8
3.3
15.5
40.0
1.9
21.6 130-145 254-274
51.5
3.2
16.3 122-137
40.5
1.8
22.5
244-264
52.1
3.1
17.0
38.3
2.0
18.9
275-295
49.5
3.3
14.8
38.9
2.0
19.8 131-146 270-290
50.1
3.2
15.5 123-138
39.3
1.9
20.6
260-280
50.7
3.1
16.1
37.2
2.1
17.4
292-312
48.1
3.4
14.0
37.7
2.1
18.2 132-147 287-307
48.8
3.3
14.7 124-139
38.1
2.0
19.0
277-297
49.3
3.2
15.3
34.9
2.4
14.7
324-344
45.4
3.6
12.7
35.4
2.3
15.4 134-149 319-339
46.0
3.5
13.3 127-142
35.8
2.2
16.1
309-329
46.5
3.4
13.8
33.8
2.5
13.6
341-361
44.0
3.7
12.0
34.3
2.4
14.2 135-150 336-356
44.6
3.5
12.6 129-144
34.6
2.3
14.9
326-346
45.1
3.4
13.1
32.7
2.6
12.6
360-380
42.7
3.7
11.4
33.1
2.5
13.2 135-150 355-375
43.3
3.6
12.0 130-145
33.5
2.4
13.7
345-362
43.7
3.5
12.5
Note: dP pressure drops apply to standard coils, and cupro-nickel ground water coils have higher pressure drops.
8
Head
Press
256-276
267-287
277-297
288-308
299-319
305-330
316-341
326-351
343-373
364-394
Head
Press
171-191
166-186
156-176
206-226
201-221
191-211
241-261
236-256
226-246
277-297
272-292
262-282
294-314
289-309
279-299
312-332
307-327
297-317
347-367
342-362
332-352
365-390
360-385
350-375
385-410
380-405
370-395
Loop
EWT
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
Loop
EWT
40
50
60
70
75
80
90
95
100
Loop
GPM
15
15
15
15
15
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
Loop
GPM
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
9
12
15
dP
ft
11.4
11.4
11.4
11.4
11.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
dP
ft
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
4.4
7.7
11.4
dP
psi
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
COP
Press
Press
/hr
KW
COP
Press
24.4
2.8
2.6
50-60 241-261
36.6
3.7
2.9
48-58
27.3
2.8
2.8
60-70 253-273
40.3
3.9
3.0
57-67
30.1
2.9
3.1
69-79 265-285
44.1
4.0
3.2
65-75
32.9
2.9
3.3
78-88 277-297
47.8
4.2
3.4
74-84
35.7
3.0
3.5
88-98 289-309
51.5
4.3
3.5
82-92
37.7
3.0
3.7
53.9
4.4
3.6
93-108 296-321
86-101
38.5
3.0
3.8
55.2
4.5
3.6
39.2
3.0
3.9
55.8
4.5
3.7
40.8
3.0
4.0
95-115 309-334
58.1
4.5
3.8
89-109
41.4
3.0
4.0
58.9
4.6
3.8
41.8
3.0
4.1
59.3
4.6
3.8
43.6
3.0
4.2 107-127 321-346
61.8
4.7
3.9
94-118
44.2
3.1
4.2
62.6
4.7
3.9
47.2
3.1
4.5
66.3
4.9
4.0
49.1
3.1
4.6 124-144 345-370
69.1
5.0
4.1 120-135
49.8
3.2
4.6
70.1
5.0
4.1
52.5
3.2
4.9
73.4
5.2
4.2
54.7
3.2
5.0 137-162 369-399
76.4
5.2
4.3 125-155
55.5
3.3
5.0
77.5
5.3
4.3
dP
psi
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
1.9
3.3
4.9
MBTU
Suct
Head
MBTU
Suct
/hr
KW
EER
Press
Press
/hr
KW
EER
Press
55.1
1.4
39.6
160-180
67.3
2.9
23.3
55.9
1.3
41.5 117-132 155-175
68.2
2.8
24.4 104-118
56.5
1.3
43.3
145-165
69.0
2.7
25.4
52.2
1.8
29.6
193-213
64.9
3.2
20.1
52.9
1.7
31.0 121-136 188-208
65.7
3.1
21.1 107-122
53.5
1.7
32.3
178-198
66.5
3.0
22.0
49.3
2.1
23.1
228-248
62.4
3.6
17.6
49.9
2.1
24.1 123-138 223-243
63.2
3.4
18.4 109-124
50.5
2.0
25.2
213-233
63.9
3.3
19.2
46.3
2.5
18.5
262-282
59.9
3.9
15.4
47.0
2.4
19.3 126-141 257-277
60.7
3.8
16.1 122-127
47.5
2.4
20.2
247-267
61.4
3.6
16.9
44.9
2.7
16.7
279-299
58.7
4.0
14.5
45.5
2.6
17.4 127-142 274-294
59.5
3.9
15.2 114-129
46.0
2.5
18.2
264-284
60.1
3.8
15.8
43.4
2.9
15.1
297-317
57.4
4.2
13.6
44.0
2.8
15.8 128-143 292-312
58.2
4.1
14.3 115-130
44.5
2.7
16.5
282-302
58.9
4.0
14.9
40.5
3.3
12.4
331-351
55.0
4.5
12.1
41.0
3.2
13.0 131-146 326-346
55.7
4.4
12.7 118-133
41.5
3.1
13.6
316-336
56.3
4.3
13.2
39.0
3.4
11.3
352-367
53.7
4.7
11.4
39.5
3.3
11.9 132-149 347-362
54.5
4.6
11.9 120-135
40.0
3.2
12.4
337-352
55.1
4.4
12.5
37.5
3.6
10.4
365-390
52.5
4.9
10.8
38.0
3.5
10.8 133-150 360-385
53.2
4.7
11.3 121-136
38.5
3.4
11.3
351-375
53.8
4.6
11.8
Note: dP pressure drops apply to standard coils, and cupro-nickel ground water coils have higher pressure drops
Head
Press
259-279
272-292
286-306
299-319
313-333
322-347
325-360
349-374
371-401
398-428
Head
Press
165-185
160-180
150-170
202-222
197-217
187-207
240-260
235-255
225-245
278-298
273-293
263-283
296-316
291-311
281-301
315-335
310-330
300-320
353-373
348-368
338-358
371-396
366-391
356-381
392-417
387-412
377-402
Water Coil Pressure Drop Ratings (Pure Water)*
Flow
GPM
EV38
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1.6
2.0
2.5
3.1
3.8
4.3
4.8
----
EV48
dP Psig
-2.0
2.6
3.2
3.8
4.5
5.3
6.2
7.1
8.0
EV58
--1.6
1.9
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.8
4.3
4.9
5.6
6.3
7.0
*Note: dP Pressure Drops apply to standard coils, and cupro-nickel ground water coils have higher pressure drops.
Note: Head Loss = Pressure Drop in PSI x 2.31.
Correction Factors
Entering Air Conditions
ENTERING
CFM Airflow
HEATING
COOLING
HEATING
COOLING
AIR TEMP
BTU/hr
KW
BTU/hr
KW
CFM
BTU/hr
KW
BTU/hr
KW
60oF DB
65oF DB
70oF DB
75oF DB/63oF WB
80oF DB/67oF WB
85oF DB/71oF WB
1.04
1.02
1.00
0.97
0.93
--
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.03
1.07
--
-0.70
0.79
0.90
1.00
1.05
-0.73
0.83
0.92
1.00
1.04
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
0.92
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
0.97
0.98
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
Ground Side Flow Rates
NOMINAL
GPM
60%
65%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
10
NOMINAL
HEATING
BTU/hr
KW
0.92
0.98
0.93
0.98
0.94
0.98
0.96
0.99
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.00
1.02
1.00
1.04
1.00
COOLING
BTU/hr
KW
0.98
1.04
0.98
1.04
0.98
1.03
0.99
1.02
0.99
1.01
1.00
1.00
1.01
0.99
1.02
0.98
V. UNIT LOCATION / INSTALLATION
Three items make up the geothermal heat pump Split System:
1. Compressor Unit (CU)
2. Air Handler Unit (AHU)
3. Refrigerant line Set (RS).
Inspect for shipping damage immediately at delivery, and file
claims immediately with the shipping company. Check to
ensure that units have correct model numbers, electrical
ratings, and accessories that match the original order.
CAUTION – Units must be kept in an upright position
during transportation or installation, or severe internal damage
may occur.
Important – To ensure easy removal and replacement of
access panels, leave panels secured in place until the unit is set
in place and leveled.
Important – Locate the unit in an indoor area where the
ambient temperature will remain above 45oF. Service is done
primarily from the front. Top and rear access is desirable and
should be provided when possible.
CAUTION – Only the specified matched components shall
be used – No substitutes!
CAUTION – Do not use this unit during construction. Dust
and debris may quickly contaminate electrical and mechanical
components; resulting in damage.
CAUTION – Before driving screws into the cabinets, check
on the inside of the units to ensure the screw will not damage
electrical, water, or refrigeration lines.
The Installation Process is made up of these Steps:
1. Confirm sufficient air flow.
2. Confirm sufficient geosource fluid flow (GPM).
3. Confirm sufficient electrical service.
4. Remove the existing central air conditioning system (if
there is one); following appropriate industry refrigerant
reclaiming procedures.
5. Install the CU. Note – The CU is fully factory precharged. Do not open the Service Valves at this time.
6. Install the AHU or ACU; keeping the A-Coil sealed until
braze connections will be made.
7. Install the Refrigerant Line Set; keeping it sealed until
braze connections will be made.
8. Wrap wet rags around the CU Service Valve stubs before
brazing to protect the Valves and the cabinet panel.
9. Open the braze connections, and braze the Refrigerant
Line Set to the CU and to the AHU or ACU. After
brazing, quench the joint with a wet rag to cool the joint
and remove any flux residue.
10. Evacuate the Refrigerant Line Set and the A-coil
properly. Ensure the access valve caps are fully restored
and properly tightened (finger tight plus 1/12 th turn (1/2
hex flat)).
11. Open the “frontseated” Service Valves properly and
ensure the caps are fully restored and properly tightened
(finger tight plus 1/12th turn (1/2 hex flat)).
12. Re-check all braze connections for leaks.
13. Complete operational checkout.
A. Compressor Unit Installation
Important – The CU requires service access from both the
side and front. Note – The CU is fully factory pre-charged.
Important – Mount the CU on a vibration-absorbing pad
slightly larger than the base to provide isolation between the
unit and the floor. Water supply pumps should not be hard
plumbed directly to the unit; this could transfer vibration and
cause a resonating sound. Hard plumbing must be isolated
from building structures that could transfer vibration from the
unit through the piping to the living space.
CAUTION – For water line connections, always use plastic
male fittings into plastic female or into metal female fittings.
Never use metal male fittings into plastic female fittings. On
metal-to-metal fittings; use pipe thread compound, do not use
pipe thread tape, hand tighten first, and then only tighten an
additional ½ turn with a tool if necessary. On plastic fittings,
always use 2 to 3 wraps of pipe thread tape, do not use pipe
thread compound, hand tighten first, and then only tighten an
additional ½ turn with a tool if necessary. Do not over-tighten,
or damage may occur.
Important – A field-installed drain pan under the CU is
required when the possibility of an accidental water leak is a
concern.
Note – The CU has an internal filter/dryer and an internal
Thermostatic Expansion Valve with internal check valve.
Service Valves are of the frontseating type.
B. Refrigeration Line Set Installation
The typical installation is shown in Figure 1. The CU is fully
charged with R410A; including refrigerant for the A-Coil and
a 25’ line set with 3/8” OD liquid line. (The allowance for the
liquid line is 0.6 ounce per foot (15 ounces total for the 3/8”
liquid line)). Use ACR or L copper tubing and fittings, ensure
cutoff burrs are removed from the line openings, and blow out
the line with dry nitrogen before making connections.
Important – Do not reduce or increase the length of the
Line Set, or the refrigerant charge amount will be incorrect.
The vapor line must be 3/4” OD on the EV38 and 7/8” OD on
the EV48 and EV58 to ensure reliable oil return.
CAUTION – Insulation on the line set must be suitable for
heat pump application and be at least ½” thick. Under certain
heating-mode conditions, the refrigerant in the vapor line may
approach 200oF. Never reuse a refrigerant line set.
If the line set is kinked or distorted and can’t be formed back
to its original shape, replace the damaged portion of the line.
A deformation is defined as 10% of the cross section being
restricted and will affect performance. When passing line sets
through a wall, seal the opening with silicon-based caulk.
Important – Both the vapor line and the liquid line must be
isolated from direct contact with water pipes, duct work, floor
joists, wall studs or other structural components that could
transmit vibration and noise to the living space. Use hanger
straps with isolation sleeves to suspend refrigerant tubing from
joists.
Important – All brazing must be performed using nitrogen
circulating at 2-3 psig to prevent oxidation inside the tubing.
Use Silflo 15, or equivalent, for the braze material. Use wet
rags to protect Service Valves, and use shielding to protect the
finish on cabinets.
C. Installing Air Handler Unit or Air Coil Unit
Install the AHU for Split System applications, and install the
ACU for Dual Fuel applications. On Dual Fuel applications,
mount the ACU on the supply side (output) of an existing
furnace to avoid condensation in the furnace’s own heat
exchanger.
Important – Refer to and carefully follow the Installation
and Operating Instructions provided with the ECONAR Air
Handler Unit and the ECONAR Air Coil Unit for additional
important details. Note – ECONAR A-coils are factorysealed with a small holding charge of nitrogen. Prior to
brazing the refrigerant line set, cut off the ends to release the
holding charge.
D. Evacuation and Testing
After initial purging with nitrogen during and after brazing,
and with the Service Valves on the CU in the shipping
position (closed = clockwise, full in), evacuate the A-Coil and
Refrigerant Line Set to less than 200 microns for a minimum
of 20 minutes. Isolate the evacuation pump, and open the
service valves to release the refrigerant into the A-Coil.
Important: Ensure the Service Valves on the CU are fully
open and all valve caps are restored securely and tightened
properly (finger tight plus 1/12th turn (1/2 hex flat)).
VI. DUCT SYSTEM / BLOWER
CAUTION – The Dual Fuel application uses the existing
central forced air blower, and that blower must have a
minimum of two stages of air flow that provides the required
air flow for the 2-Stage Two Stage Compressor Unit.
Existing ductwork must have the capacity to handle the air
volume required for proper heating and cooling. Undersized
duct work will cause noisy operation and poor heat pump
operating efficiencies due to lack of airflow.
Important – The Dual Fuel system should not be applied to
any zoned air distribution installations.
Important – Refer to and carefully follow the Installation
and Operating Instructions provided with the ECONAR Air
Handler Unit and the ECONAR Air Coil Unit for additional
important details.
VII. GROUND SOURCE DESIGN
Since water is the source of energy in the winter and the
energy sink in the summer, a good water supply is possibly the
most important requirement of a geothermal heat pump system
installation.
12
A. Ground Loop Installation
A Ground Loop system circulates the same antifreeze solution
through a closed system of high-density underground
polyethylene pipe. As the solution passes through the pipe, it
collects energy (in the heating mode) from the relatively warm
surrounding soil through the pipe and into the relatively cold
solution. The solution circulates to the heat pump, which
transfers energy with the solution, and then the solution
circulates back through the ground to extract more energy.
The Two Stage Split System is designed to operate on either
vertical or horizontal ground loop applications. Vertical loops
are typically installed with a well drilling rig up to 200 feet
deep, or more. Horizontal loops are installed with excavating
or trenching equipment to a depth of about six to eight feet,
depending on geographic location and length of pipe used.
Loops must be sized properly for each particular geographic
area, soil type, and individual capacity requirements. Contact
Enertech Customer Support or the local installer for loop
sizing requirements in your area.
Typical winter operating EWT to the heat pump on a Ground
Loop installation ranges from 25oF to 32oF.
CAUTION – Ground Loops must be properly freeze
protected. Insufficient amounts of antifreeze may result in a
freeze rupture of the unit or can cause unit shutdown problems
during cold weather operation. Propylene glycol and
Geothermal Transfer Fluid (GTF) are common antifreeze
solutions. GTF is methanol-based antifreeze and should be
mixed 50% with water to achieve freeze protection of 12 oF.
Propylene glycol antifreeze solution should be mixed 25%
with water to obtain a 15oF freeze protection.
Important – Do not mix more than 25% propylene glycol
with water in an attempt to achieve lower than 15 oF freeze
protection, since more concentrated mixtures of propylene
glycol become too viscous at low temperatures and cannot be
pumped through the earth loop. Horizontal loops typically use
GTF, and vertical loops typically use propylene glycol.
Note – Always check State and Local codes for any special
requirements on antifreeze solutions.
Flow rate requirements for ground loops are higher (see Table
2) than ground water systems because water temperatures are
generally lower.
CAUTION – Never operate with flow rates less than
specified. Low flow rates, or no flow, may cause the unit to
shut down on a pressure lockout or may cause a freeze rupture
of the heat exchanger.
Important – Figure 2 shows that Pressure/Temperature
(P/T) ports must be installed in the entering and leaving water
lines of the heat pump. A thermometer can be inserted into the
P/T ports to check entering and leaving water temperatures. A
pressure gauge can also be inserted into these P/T ports to
determine the pressure differential between the entering and
leaving water. This pressure differential can then be compared
to the specification data on each particular heat pump to
confirm the proper flow rate of the system.
An individually-sized Enertech FlowCenter can supply
pumping requirements for the Ground Loop fluid, and can also
be used to purge the loop system. Note – Refer to
instructions included with the PumpPAK for properly purging
the ground loop.
Important – the pump must be installed to supply fluid into
the heat pump.
Filling and purging a loop system are very important steps to
ensure proper heat pump operation. Each loop must be purged
with enough flow to ensure two feet per second flow rate in
each circuit in the loop. This normally requires a 1½ to 3 HP
high-head pump to circulate fluid through the loop to remove
all the air out of the loop. Allow the pump to run 10 to 15
minutes after the last air bubbles have been removed. After
purging is completed, add the calculated proper amount of
antifreeze to give a 12oF to 15oF freeze protection. After
antifreeze has been installed and thoroughly circulated, it
should be measured with a hydrometer, refractometer or any
other device to determine the actual freezing point of the
solution.
The purge pump can be used to pressurize the system for a
final static pressure of 30-40 psig after the loop pipe has had
enough time to stretch. In order to achieve the 30 to 40 psig
final pressure, the loop may need to be initially pressurized to
60-65 psig. This static pressure may vary 10 psig from heating
to cooling season, but the pressure should always remain
above 20 psig, so circulation pumps do not cavitate or pull air
into the system. Contact your local installer, distributor or
factory representative for more information.
B. Ground Water Installation
A Ground Water system gets its name from the open discharge
of water after it has been used by the heat pump. A well must
be available that can supply all of the water requirements (see
Table 2) of the heat pump for up to 24 hours/day on the
coldest winter day plus any other water requirements drawing
off of that same well.
Figure 3 shows the necessary components for ground water
piping. Shut-off valves and boiler drains on the entering and
leaving water lines are necessary for future maintenance.
Important – A screen strainer must be placed on the supply
line with a mesh size of 40 or 60 and enough surface area to
allow for particle buildup between cleanings.
Important – Pressure/Temperature (P/T) ports must be
placed in the supply and discharge lines so that thermometers
or pressure gauges can be inserted into the water stream.
Important – A visual flow meter must be installed to allow
visual inspection of the flow to determine when maintenance
is required. (If you can’t read the flow, cleaning is required.
See Water Coil Maintenance for cleaning instructions.)
A solenoid control valve must be installed on the water
discharge side of the heat pump to regulate the flow through
the unit. Wire the solenoid to the “Plug, Accessory” connector
on the controller. This valve opens when the unit is running
and closes when the unit stops.
Schedule 40 PVC piping, copper tubing, polyethylene or
rubber hose can be used for supply and discharge water lines.
Make sure line sizes are large enough to supply the required
flow with a reasonable pressure drop (generally 1” diameter
minimum).
Water discharge is typically made to a drain field, stream,
pond, surface discharge, tile line, or storm sewer.
Important –ensure the discharge line has a pitch of at least
three inches per 12 feet, has a minimum 2 feet of unobstructed
freefall at the discharge outlet, and has at least 100 feet of
unobstructed grade sloping away from the discharge outlet.
CAUTION – A drain field requires soil conditions and
adequate sizing to ensure rapid percolation. Consult local
codes and ordinances to assure compliance. DO NOT
discharge water to a septic system.
CAUTION – Never operate with flow rates less than
specified. Low flow rates, or no flow, may cause the unit to
shut down on a pressure lockout or may cause a freeze rupture
of the heat exchanger.
1. Ground Water Freeze Protection
CAUTION – Only specifically ordered equipment with a
factory-installed 60 psig low-pressure switch can be used on
Ground Water applications. (The low-pressure switch on a
Ground Loop system has a 35 psig nominal cutout pressure.)
If the water supply to the heat pump were interrupted for any
reason, continued operation of the compressor would cause the
water remaining in the heat exchanger to freeze, rupture the
heat exchanger, and may void warranty.
2. Water Coil Maintenance
Water quality is a major consideration for ground water
systems. Problems can occur from scaling, particle buildup,
suspended solids, corrosion, pH levels outside the 7-9 range,
biological growth, or water hardness of greater than 100-PPM.
If poor water quality is known to exist in your area, a cupronickel water coil may be required when ordering the system;
or installing a ground loop system may be the best alternative.
Water coil cleaning on ground water systems may be
necessary on a regular basis. Depending on the specific water
quality, the water coil can be cleaned by the following
methods (Note – always remember to clean the strainer.):
a. Chlorine Cleaning (Bacterial Growth)
1. Turn off all power to the heat pump during this procedure.
2. Close the shut-off valves upstream and downstream of the
heat exchanger.
3. Connect a submersible circulating pump to the hose bibs
on the entering and leaving water sides of the heat
exchanger for reverse-direction flow.
4. Submerse the pump in a five-gallon pail of water with
enough chlorine bleach to kill the bacteria. Suggested
mixture is 1 part chlorine bleach to 4 parts water.
5. Open the hose bibs to allow circulation of the solution.
CAUTION – DO NOT allow the chlorine mixture to
stand idle in the heat exchanger.
6. Start the pump and circulate the solution through the heat
exchanger for about 15 minutes with at least 150% of the
normal rated flow rate. The solution should change color to
indicate the chlorine is killing and removing the bacteria
from the heat exchanger.
7. Flush out the used solution by adding a fresh water supply
to the pail. Repeat until the leaving water is clear.
This procedure can be repeated annually, semiannually, or as
often as it takes to keep bacteria out of the heat exchanger, or
when bacteria appears in the visual flow meter to the point the
flow cannot be read.
Another alternative to bacteria problems is to shock the entire
well. Shocking the well may give longer term relief from
bacteria problems than cleaning the heat exchanger, but will
probably need to be repeated, possibly every three to five
years. Contact a well driller in your area for more
information.
b. Muriatic Acid Cleaning (Difficult Scaling/Particle
Buildup Problems)
1. WARNING – Consult installer because of the dangerous
nature of acids. Only an experienced and trained
professional should perform this procedure. (Note – Use
Oxalic Acid, CLR, Iron-Out, or other de-scaling products
before using Muriatic Acid.)
2. Turn off all power to the heat pump during this procedure.
3. Close the shut-off valves upstream and downstream of the
heat exchanger.
4. Connect a submersible circulating pump to the hose bibs
on the entering and leaving water sides of the heat
exchanger for reverse-direction flow. Note – these are
corrosive chemicals. Use a disposable or suitable pump.
5. Submerse the pump in a five-gallon pail of water with a
small amount of muriatic acid to create a final
concentration of 5% muriatic acid.
WARNING – Always add acid to water; never add water to
acid.
6. Open the hose bibs to allow circulation.
7. Start the pump and circulate the solution through the heat
exchanger for about 5 minutes until there are no longer any
air bubbles.
8. Stop the pump, and let the solution stand for about 15
minutes.
9. Flush out the used solution by adding a fresh water supply
to the pail. Repeat until the leaving water is clear.
c. Freeze Cleaning (Scaling/Particle Buildup)
This applies only to Cupro Nickel heat exchangers, cylinder
shape, used on Ground Water Applications. WARNING –
Never attempt this process on a braze plate heat exchanger. It
could cause the braze plate heat exchanger to rupture and may
void warranty.
I. Before using the freeze cleaning procedure, verify it needs
to be done by answering the following questions.
1. Determine and verify that the required water flow rate in
GPM is both present and correct.
2. Determine the temperature differential of the water. Under
normal conditions in the cooling mode, there should be a
temperature difference of about 10-15°F between the
supply side and discharge side. If the temperature
difference is 8°F or less, consideration should be given to
cleaning the water coil.
II. If the water coil requires cleaning, carefully use the
following steps for the freeze cleaning method.
1. Turn off the heat pump and its water supply.
2. Open a plumbing connection on the water supply side, if
possible, to break the system vacuum and allow easier
drainage of the system and water coil.
3. Drain the water out of the system and water coil via the
boiler drains on the entering and leaving water lines, and
the drain on the heat exchanger.
WARNING – FAILURE TO COMPLETELY DRAIN THE
WATER COIL HEAT EXCHANGER COULD POSSIBLY
RESULT IN A FREEZE RUPTURE!
4. Set the room thermostat to "Heat" to start the heat pump in
the heating mode and quickly freeze the coil.
5. Allow the heat pump to run until it automatically shuts off
on low pressure and then turn the room thermostat to the
"Off" position.
6. Recap the water coil drain and tighten any plumbing
connections that may have been loosened.
7. If so equipped, open the field installed drain cock on the
water discharge side of the heat pump, and install a short
piece of rubber hose to drain into a drain or bucket. A drain
cock on the discharge side allows water flow to bypass the
solenoid valve, flow valve, flow meter, or any other item
that may be clogged by mineral debris. Draining to a
bucket helps prevent clogging of drains and allows
observing effectiveness of the procedure.
8. Turn on the water supply to the heat pump to start the
process of flushing any mineral debris from the unit.
9. Set the room thermostat to "Cool" and start the heat pump
in the cooling mode to quickly thaw the water coil.
10. Run the heat pump until the water coil is completely
thawed out and loosened scale, mineral deposits, or other
debris is flushed completely from the water coil. Allow at
least 5 minutes of operation to ensure that the water coil is
thoroughly thawed out.
11. If the water still contains mineral debris, and if the flow
through the unit did not improve along with an increase in
the temperature difference between the water supply and
water discharge, repeat the entire procedure.
12. Reset the heat pump for normal operation.
VIII. ELECTRICAL SERVICE
Note – Always refer to the inside of the electrical box cover
for the correct wiring diagram, and always refer to the
nameplate on the exterior of the cabinet for the correct
electrical specifications.
WARNING – ELECTRICAL SHOCK CAN CAUSE
PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. Disconnect all power
supplies before installing or servicing electrical devices. Only
trained and qualified personnel should install, repair or service
this equipment.
WARNING – THE UNIT MUST BE PROPERLY
GROUNDED!
The main electrical service must be protected by a fuse or
14
circuit breaker and be capable of providing the amperes
required by the unit at nameplate voltage. All wiring must
comply with the national electrical code and/or any local
codes that may apply. Access to the line voltage contactor is
through the knockouts provided on the side of the heat pump
next to the front corner. Route EMT or flexible conduit with
appropriate size and type of wire.
Ensure adequate supply wiring to minimize the level of
dimming lights during compressor startup on single-phase
installations. Some dimming is normal, and a variety of startassist accessories are available if dimming is objectionable.
Important – some models already have a factory-installed
start assist. Do not add additional start assists to those units.
CAUTION – route field electrical wiring to avoid contact
with electrically live bare metal parts inside the electrical box
and to avoid contact with the surface of the factory-installed
start assist (if provided).
CAUTION – Three-phase units must be wired properly to
ensure proper compressor rotation. Improper rotation may
result in compressor damage. An electronic phase sequence
indicator must be used to check supply-wiring phases. Also,
the “Wild” leg of the three-phase power must be connected to
the middle leg on the contactor.
Important – Only 208Vac FlowCenters can be wired
directly to the compressor contactor and can be grounded in
the grounding lug for 208/230Vac. An alternative loop pump
or a pump for a different supply voltage must be powered
from a separate fused power supply and controlled through an
isolation relay that has its coil wired to the contactor circuit.
isolated from each other with isolation relays to avoid
excessive voltages or overheating and premature failure of the
control components.
Important – Room thermostat cable with at least nine
conductors must be run from the Split System Controller in
the CU to the room thermostat.
Note – Carefully consider the use of thermostat setback
periods during the heating season, since the recovery from a
setback period is likely to use supplemental heat.
Important – On a Dual Fuel application, the compressor
off-delay on the room thermostat must be at least 4 minutes
for proper control operation.
B. Split System Controller
The Split System Controller manages interactions between the
room thermostat, the CU, and the AHU on split system
applications; and between the room thermostat, the CU, and
the fossil fuel furnace on dual fuel applications.
Important – Two Jumper plugs, JS and JL are factoryinstalled and may need adjusting for proper system operation
depending on the application. JS is at the top-center of the
Split System Controller, and JL is at the lower-center. JS
configures the system for either Split System or for Dual Fuel
application, and JL configures how W2 is latched either to Y
or to Y2.
Application
Split System*
IX.
24 VOLT CONTROL CIRCUIT
Note – Always refer to the inside of the electrical box cover
for the correct wiring diagram.
Important – All 24V control wiring should be 18 gage
minimum.
There are four basic sections of the low voltage circuit;
Thermostat, Split System Controller, Compressor Unit
Controller, and Compressor Unit transformer.
A. Room Thermostat
At a minimum, a 3-heat/2-cool room thermostat specifically
configured for heat pump must be used. The room thermostat
controls all stages of operation of the heat pump. Initiation of
each stage is implemented based on the recovery rate of the
actual temperature to the set point temperature. This means
that switching to a higher stage may require time (sometimes
15 minutes or more) for the thermostat to calculate rate of
change. Consult the instructions in the room thermostat box
for proper mounting, Installer Set-up, and operation.
Important – Be careful to select a room thermostat location
where external temperature sources will not affect sensed
temperature.
Important – If a single room thermostat controls multiple
heat pumps, the control wiring of the heat pumps must be
Dual Fuel**
W2 Latch
Control
Desired
No W2 Latch*
W2 Latch to
Y
W2 Latch to
Y2
W2 Latch to
Y
JS
Position
JL
Position
Installed*
Installed*
Center*
Left (Y)
Installed*
Right (Y2)
Removed
Left (Y)
*Note: denotes factory-installed position.
**Note: W2 must be latched to Y for Dual Fuel applications.
AHU Split System Operation
The JS jumper plug MUST remain installed for Split System
applications to allow both the compressor and the auxiliary
heat to operate simultaneously. The Fan (G) from the room
thermostat provides input to the Split System Controller to
request the AHU blower to turn on. Stage 1 from the room
thermostat provides inputs to the Split System Controller G
and Y terminals to request the AHU blower and the CU
compressor to turn on. Stage 2 from the room thermostat
provides input to the Split System Controller Y 2 terminal to
request the AHU blower speed to change and the CU
compressor to go to stage 2 capacity. Stage 3 from the room
thermostat provides input to the Split System Controller W 2
terminal to request the AHU blower speed to change and the
AHU auxiliary heat (if provided) to turn on.
Dual Fuel Add-On Operation
Note – Variations of room thermostats and fossil fuel
furnace controls available in the market may cause slight
variations of control functionality on a Dual Fuel application;
such as extended blower overrun timings. The compressor offdelay setting on the room thermostat must be at least 4
minutes for proper control operation between the heat pump
and a Dual Fuel heat system.
Important – The JS jumper plug MUST be removed for
Dual Fuel applications to prevent the compressor and the
fossil fuel furnace from operating simultaneously, and the JL
jumper plug MUST be moved to the Left (Y) Position.
The Fan (G) from the room thermostat provides input to the
Split System Controller to request the blower in the fossil fuel
furnace to turn on at Low (G) speed. Stage 1 from the room
thermostat provides inputs to the Split System Controller G
and Y terminals to request the blower and the CU compressor
to turn on. Stage 2 from the room thermostat provides input to
the Split System Controller Y2 terminal to request the blower
speed to change and the CU compressor to go to stage 2
capacity. When Stage 3 from the room thermostat provides
input to the Split System Controller W2 terminal with the JS
jumper removed and the JL jumper on the Left (Y) position,
the controller will;
1. Turn off the CU compressor.
2. Energize the fossil fuel furnace heating mode, and the
fossil fuel furnace then will control its blower.
3. Latch control of the fossil fuel furnace to Stage 1 of the
room thermostat until Stage 1 turns off.
4. When Stage 1 of the room thermostat turns off, the
system returns to “standby.”
Indicator LEDs
JL Jumper Plug
JS Jumper Plug
R
Y
JL
Y
Y2
X
W
JS
O
D
Y2
Y2 E R G O Y W2 L C
Y2 E R G Y W C
Room Thermostat
Connections
AHU or Furnace
Connections
U1 U2 D1 D2
Utility Dual Fuel
& Alarm Output
Important – The Split System Controller requires two
sources of 24Vac transformer power; 1) one inside the CU to
power the CU components, and 2) one inside the AHU (or
fossil fuel furnace) to power the room thermostat and AHU (or
fossil fuel furnace) components.
The Split System Controller provides the following:
1. Wiring connections to the AHU for split system
application or wiring connections to the fossil fuel furnace
on dual fuel application.
2. Wiring connections to the room thermostat.
3. Wiring connections to the CU controller.
4. Wiring connections to a Utility dual fuel radio control.
5. Wiring connections for Alarm Output.
6. Split System Controller Indicator lights.
7. W2 latch function.
1. Wiring Connections to AHU or Fossil Fuel Furnace
16
Note – The Split System Controller uses the 24Vac
transformer power from the AHU (or from the fossil fuel
furnace on Dual Fuel applications) to power the room
thermostat. This 7-position set of terminals at the bottomcenter of the Split System Controlled is labeled Y2 E R G Y W
C.
a. Y2 – energizes the blower motor in the AHU, or fossil
fuel furnace, at the Y2 speed.
b. E – used for Split System applications to energize
supplemental electric heat in the AHU. Important –
Do not connect E terminal on Dual Fuel applications.
c. R and C – 24Vac power from the AHU (or the fossil fuel
furnace) transformer.
d. G – energizes the blower motor in the AHU, or fossil
fuel furnace, at Low(G) speed.
e. Y – energizes the blower motor in the AHU, or fossil
fuel furnace, at the Y speed.
f. W – energizes the blower motor in the AHU at heating
speed. On Dual Fuel, the W output energizes heatingmode operation of the fossil fuel furnace.
2. Wiring Connections to Room Thermostat
This 9-position set of terminals at the bottom-left of the Split
System Controlled is labeled Y2 E R G O Y W2 L C.
a. Y2 – from the room thermostat energizes the Y2 output
(¼” quick connect) going to the CU Controller and the
Y2 output going to the AHU, or fossil fuel furnace.
Important – The transformer in the AHU (or fossil
fuel furnace on Dual Fuel) provides the 24Vac power for
both Y2 outputs.
b. E – from the room thermostat energizes the E output to
the AHU. Important – Do not connect E terminal on
Dual Fuel applications.
c. R and C – 24Vac power passed through from the AHU,
or fossil fuel furnace transformer.
d. G – from the room thermostat energizes the G output to
the AHU, or fossil fuel furnace.
e. O – from the room thermostat energizes the O output
(¼” quick connect) going to the CU Controller.
f. Y – from the room thermostat energizes the Y output
(¼” quick connect) going to the CU Controller and the Y
output going to the AHU, or fossil fuel furnace.
g. W2 – from the room thermostat energizes the W output
going to the AHU, or fossil fuel furnace and energizes
the W (¼” quick connect) going to a desuperheater pump
relay. Important – The transformer in the AHU (or
fossil fuel furnace on Dual Fuel) provides the 24Vac
power for this W2 output
h. L – to the room thermostat to energize an optional alarm
indicator light in the room thermostat.
3. Wiring Connections to CU Controller
These are ¼” quick connect terminals X Y2 Y O R D W on the
left and right side of the Split System Controller.
a. X and R – 24Vac power from the CU’s transformer.
b. Y2 – to the compressor energizes the compressor bypass
valve (VB) for stage 2 capacity. Important – The
transformer in the AHU (or fossil fuel furnace on Dual
Fuel) provides the 24Vac power for this Y2 output.
c. W – to a relay turns off the desuperheater pump during a
d.
e.
f.
W2 input from the room thermostat. Important – The
transformer in the AHU (or fossil fuel furnace on Dual
Fuel) provides the 24Vac power for this W output.
Y – to the CU Controller energizes the compressor
contactor.
O – to the CU Controller energizes the 4-way reversing
valve.
D – from the CU Controller energizes the L and D1/D2
outputs.
4. Wiring to Utility Dual Fuel Radio Control
Note – This connection assumes the Utility Dual Fuel Radio
control has a Normally Closed (NC) contact that opens when
the Utility decides to shut off the compressor. Replace the
jumper link between U1 and U2, with the NC contacts of the
Utility Dual Fuel Radio control.
Replace U1/U2 jumper link
with Utility Dual Fuel
Radio
Split System
Controller
Utility
Dual Fuel
Radio
U1 U2 D1 D2
5. Wiring Connections for Alarm Output
The D1 and D2 terminals provide an isolated dry contact
output that closes any time the CU Controller is in lockout.
The contact rating is 2mA minimum to 10VA sealed and
20VA inrush at 24Vac.
6. Split System Controller Indicator Lights
The Split System Controller has green LED indicator lights to
indicate system operation.
For the AHU terminal set:
1. R – 24Vac power from the AHU or fossil fuel furnace
transformer.
2. G – output is energized.
3. W – output is energized.
For the ¼” quick connect terminals to the CU Controller:
1. R – 24Vac power from the CU transformer.
2. Y – output is energized.
3. O – output is energized.
7. W2 Latch Function
This function must be used on Dual Fuel applications, and the
JL jumper plug must be on the Left (Y) position to latch W 2 to
Y when the room thermostat energizes auxiliary heat.
W2 Latch may be used on Split System applications to reduce
long periods of uninterrupted compressor operation, and the
JL jumper plug can be either on the Y or Y 2 position to latch
W2 to either Y or Y2, respectively. Once energized, the latch
remains on until the room thermostat turns off the compressor
stage.
C. Compressor Unit Controller
The CU controller receives a signal from the thermostat and
initiates the correct sequence of operations for the heat pump.
The controller performs the following functions:
1.
Compressor Anti-Short-Cycle
2.
Compressor Control
3.
Ground Loop Pump / Ground Water Initiation
4.
4-Way Valve Control
5.
Compressor Lockouts
6.
Air Coil Defrost
7.
System Diagnostics
8.
24Vac Fuse
9.
Plug Accessory
10. Excessive Condensate Level Sensing
1. Compressor Anti-Short-Cycle
An Anti-Short-Cycle (ASC) is a delay period between the time
a compressor shuts down and when it is allowed to come on
again. This protects the compressor and avoids nuisance
lockouts for these two conditions;
1. A 70 to 130-second random time-out period occurs before
a re-start after the last shut down.
2. A 4-minute/25-second to 4-minute/45-second random-start
delay occurs immediately after power is applied to the heat
pump. This occurs only after reapplying power to the unit.
To reduce this timeout delay while servicing the unit, apply
power, disconnect and reapply power very quickly to the
CU to shorten the delay.
Note - The thermostat supplied with the heat pump may
also have a delay period after compressor shutdown before it
will start again.
2. Compressor Control
When 24Vac is applied to the Y terminal on the CU controller
wiring block, the controller decides, based on lockout and
anti-short-cycle periods, when to turn on the compressor
contactor. The M1 output of the controller energizes the
contactor until 24Vac is removed from the Y terminal.
3. Ground Loop Pump / Ground Water Initiation
On ground loop systems, a M1 output from the controller
energizes the contactor to start the compressor and the ground
loop pump. For Ground Water systems, the M1 output will
also energize the ground water solenoid valve through the
“Plug Accessory” connector.
4. 4-Way Valve Control
When 24Vac is applied to the O terminal on the CU wiring
block, the controller energizes its O output to provide 24Vac
power to the 4-way reversing valve to switch the refrigerant
circuit to the cooling mode.
5. Compressor Lockouts
The controller will lock out the compressor if either the highpressure 600 psig or the low-pressure 35 psig on ground loop
(or 60 psig on ground water) switch opens. This lockout
condition means that the unit has shut down to protect itself,
and will not come back on until power has been disconnected
(via the circuit breaker) to the heat pump for one minute.
Typical problems that could cause a lockout situation include:
1. Low water flow or extreme water temperatures
2. Low air flow or extreme air temperatures
3. Jumper JS on the Split System Controller not removed on
Dual Fuel add-on application
4.
5.
6.
Cold ambient air temperature conditions
Internal heat pump operation problems.
Optional Excessive Condensate Level
If a lockout condition exists, the heat pump should not be
reset more than once; and a service technician should be
called immediately.
CAUTION – Repeated reset may cause severe damage to
the system and may void warranty. The cause of the lockout
must be determined and corrected.
6. Air Coil Defrost
Restricted airflow in the cooling mode, caused by a dirty air
filter or airside heat exchanger, may result in an iced up air
coil and/or low suction pressure. The controller will
automatically switch the heat pump to defrost mode if the lowpressure switch opens during the cooling mode: the O output
will be de-energized to run the unit in heating, the blower will
continue to run, and the Low Pressure indicator light will
blink. This defrost mode will last for approximately 80
seconds, then the unit will go to the 70-130-second time-out
re-start delay. After the delay times out, the heat pump will
resume normal operation.
CAUTION – If the heat pump continually goes to the air
coil defrost mode, a service technician should be called
immediately.
7. System Diagnostics
The CU controller is equipped with diagnostic LED lights to
indicate system status. The lights indicate the following
conditions:
1. 24 Volt system power
GREEN
2. Fault or Lockout
YELLOW
3. Anti-short-cycle mode
RED
If a room thermostat installed with the heat pump system has a
lockout indicator, the controller will send a signal from L on
the terminal strip to a LED on the thermostat to indicate a
lockout condition.
8. 24 Vac Fuse
The CU controller has a glass-cartridge fuse located on the
circuit board adjacent to the 24Vac power connector. The
green system power LED will be off if this fuse is open. A
spare fuse is located in the saddle attached to the side of the
24Vac power connector.Note – Ensure the new fuse fits
tightly in the fuse clips after replacement.
9. Plug Accessory (PA)
The Plug Accessory output is internally connected to the M1
output and is energized whenever M1 turns on the compressor
contactor. The maximum rating of this output is 10VA sealed
and 20VA inrush and is typically intended to power a 24Vac
ground water solenoid valve.
10. Excessive Condensate Level
An optional float switch can be mounted to the condensate
drain pan, and its normally closed (NC) contacts can be wired
into the blue wire that jumpers DT to X on the CU controller.
Important – the NC contacts must have a dry-contact
rating.
18
D. Compressor Unit Transformer
A transformer internal to the CU provides 24Vac for all
control features of the CU. The transformer is larger than the
industry standard, but it is in a warm electrical box and can be
overloaded quickly.
Transformer Usage (VA)
Component
Contactor
Reversing Valve
Controller 20-1038
Thermostat
Plug Accessory (PA)
Total
Transformer VA size
-VS2x
7
8
2
1
2
10
30 VA
55
Important – If the system’s external controls require more
than shown in table 5, an external transformer and isolation
relays should be used.
Important – Miswiring of 24Vac control voltage on system
controls can result in transformer burnout.
Important – Units with a dual voltage rating (example,
208/230) are factory-wired for the higher voltage (example,
230). If connected to a power supply having the lower voltage,
change the wiring to the transformer primary to the correct
lead; otherwise premature failure, or inability to operate the
control components may occur.
X. STARTUP / CHECKOUT
Before applying power to the heat pump, check the following
items:
 Water supply plumbing to the heat pump is completed and
operating. Manually open the water valve on well systems
to check flow. Ensure all valves are open and air has been
purged from a loop system. Never operate the system
without correct water flow.
 All high voltage and low voltage wiring is correct and
checked out, including wire sizes, fuses and breakers. Set
thermostat to the “OFF” position.
 The heat pump is located in a warm area (above 45 oF).
Starting the system with low ambient temperature
conditions is more difficult. Do not leave until the space is
brought up to operating temperatures.
 Ensure refrigerant service valves in the CU are open.
You may now apply power to the CU the AHU, or fossil fuel
furnace. A 4-minute/35-second power-up delay is
programmed in the CU Controller before the compressor will
operate. During this time you can verify airflow with the
following procedure:
 Place the thermostat in the “FAN ON” position. The
blower should start. Check airflow at the registers to ensure
they are open and that air is being distributed throughout
the house. When airflow has been checked, move the
thermostat to the “FAN AUTO” position. The blower
should stop.
The following steps will ensure the system is heating and
cooling properly. After the initial time-out period, the red
indicator light on the CU Controller will shut off. The heat
pump is now ready for operation.
 With the thermostat in the “HEAT” mode, turn it up to its
highest temperature setting. Note – remove the W input
from the thermostat from the Split System Controller on
Dual Fuel applications to prevent a thermostat request on
W from turning off the compressor and starting the fossil
fuel furnace. The blower and compressor should start. The
thermostat may have its own compressor delay (shown by
“Wait” on the thermostat), but the compressor will start
after all delays.
 After running the unit for 5 minutes, check the airside
return and supply temperatures. An air temperature rise of
20oF to 30oF is normal in the heating mode, but variations
in water temperature and water flow rate can cause
variations outside the normal range. Use a single pressure
gauge to check the fluid pressure drop through the groundside heat exchanger to ensure proper flow for the system.
 On Dual Fuel applications, reconnect the W input to the
Split System Controller. The compressor should turn off
and the fossil fuel furnace should turn on.
 Next, set the thermostat to “COOL” and turn down to its
lowest setting. The blower will start, and the compressor
will start after an anti-short cycle period of 70 to 130
seconds from its last shutdown.
 After the unit has run in cooling for 5 minutes, check the
airside return and supply temperatures. An air temperature
drop of 15oF to 20oF is normal in the cooling mode but
airflow and humidity can affect temperature drop.
 Set the thermostat for normal operation.
 Instruct the owner on the correct operation of the entire
heat pump/furnace system. The unit is now operational.
A. Lockout Lights
The heat pump controller and room thermostat will display a
system lockout. If lockout occurs, follow the procedure below:
1. Determine and record which indicator light on the
Controller is illuminated. (Refer to Section XIV for more
information on possible causes of Lockout Conditions.)
2. Check for a clean air filter, correct air-flow, and correct
water supply from the ground loop or ground water system.
3. Reset the system by disconnecting power at the circuit
breaker for one minute, and then reapplying power.
4. If shutdown reoccurs,  call your ECONAR dealer. Do
not continuously reset the lockout condition or damage
may occur. Note – Improper fluid flow, incorrect
airflow, or incorrect antifreeze levels are the cause of
almost all lockouts.
B. Air Filter
The AHU, or fossil fuel furnace, may include a disposable air
filter or a washable air filter. These filters must be serviced
monthly during normal usage, or more frequently during
extreme usage or if system performance has decreased.
A dirty filter will increase static pressure, and a variable speed
ECM blower motor will increase its speed to maintain airflow
levels. In extreme cases, the blower will not be able produce
the correct amount of airflow. These system changes will
cause the unit to consume more power than normal, reducing
the efficiency of the system. In the heating mode, reduced
airflow may increase the cost of operation and, in extreme
cases, cause system lockout due to high refrigerant pressures.
In the cooling mode, reduced airflow may reduce cooling
capacity and, in extreme cases, ice the air coil over causing
system shutdown due to low refrigerant pressures.
If a different filter is used in place of the factory-supplied
filter, it should also be cleaned or changed in a timely manner.
Be careful in selecting optional filters so that excessive
external resistance to airflow does not occur.
XI. SERVICE & LOCKOUT LIGHTS
C. Preseason Inspection
A properly installed heat pump requires only minor
maintenance, such as periodic cleaning of the ground water
heat exchanger (for heat pumps installed in ground-water
applications), the air filter, air coil and the condensate drain
pan. Setting up regular service checkups with your dealer is
recommended. Major problems with the heat pump system
operation will be indicated on the lockout lights.
CAUTION – During evacuation of refrigerant of a system
not having antifreeze protection of the water-side heat
exchanger, water in the unprotected heat exchanger must be
removed or continuously flowing to avoid a potential heat
exchanger failure caused by freeze rupture.
Important – Always install a new filter/dryer after
replacing a refrigeration component (compressor, etc.).
CAUTION – Servicing systems using R410A refrigerant
requires special consideration (Refer to ECONAR Instruction
10-2016 for more detail.). Always install a new filter/dryer
after replacing a refrigeration component (compressor, etc.)
and evacuate down to 150 microns.
D. Ground Water Heat Exchanger
Before each season, the air coil, drain pan, and condensate
drain should be inspected and cleaned as follows:
 Turn off the circuit breakers.
 Remove the access panels.
 Clean the air coil by vacuuming it with a soft-brush
attachment.
 Remove any foreign matter from the drain pan.
 Flush the pan and drain tube with clear water.
 Replace the access panels and return power to the unit.
Refer to Section VII.B.2 for details.
E. Thermostatic Expansion Valve
Important – The TEV has an internal check valve to
control refrigerant in one direction and bypass refrigerant in
the opposite direction. A replacement TEV must be installed
correctly with the TEV Inlet orientated to the external
refrigerant liquid line.
XII. ROOM THERMOSTAT
OPERATION
Installations may include a wide variation of available
electronic room thermostats, and most of them require to be
configured by the Installer (according to the Installation Guide
included with the thermostat) and checked out after being
installed.
Important – At a minimum:
1. Ensure the thermostat is set up for the “System Type” it is
installed on.
2. Ensure the thermostat is configured for “Manual Heat/Cool
Changeover.”
3. Change other Installer Settings only if necessary.
4. Remember to press “Done” to save the settings and to exit
“Installer Setup.”
5. Run the system through all modes of operation in the
thermostat instructions to ensure correct operation.
If you have additional questions, please refer to the installation
manual that was sent with the thermostat.
XII. DESUPERHEATER (OPTIONAL)
An Enertech heat pump equipped with a double-wall vented
desuperheater can provide supplemental heating of a home’s
domestic hot water by stripping some energy from the
superheated gas leaving the compressor and transferring it to a
hot water tank. A desuperheater pump, manufactured into the
unit, circulates water from the domestic hot water tank, heats
it and returns it to the tank.
The desuperheater only provides supplemental heating when
the compressor is already running to heat or cool the
conditioned space. Because the desuperheater is using some
energy from the heat pump to heat water, the heat pump’s
capacity in the winter is about 10% less than a unit without a
desuperheater. During extremely cold weather, or if the heat
pump cannot keep up with heating the space, the
desuperheater fuse may be removed to get full heating
capacity out of the unit.
WARNING – Do not remove the desuperheater’s high
temperature cutout switch, or tank temperatures could become
dangerously high. The desuperheater's high temperature cutout
switch is located on the return line from the water heater and
is wired in series with the desuperheater pump to disable it
from circulating at entering water temperatures above 140 oF.
If the tank temperatures become uncomfortably hot, move this
switch to the leaving water line, which will reduce the tank
maximum temperatures 10oF to 15oF.
CAUTION – Running the desuperheater pump without
water flow will damage the pump. A fuse is attached to the
fuseholder and must be inserted in the fuseholder after the
desuperheater is purged and operational.
Important – Do not insert the fuse until water flow is
available and the desuperheater is completely purged of air, or
20
the pump may be damaged. Remove the fuse to disable the
pump if the desuperheater isn’t in operation.
All air must be purged from the desuperheater plumbing
before the pump is engaged. To purge small amounts of air
from the lines, loosen the desuperheater pump from its
housing by turning the brass collar. Let water drip out of the
housing until flow is established, and re-tighten the brass
collar. Using 1/2-inch copper tubing from the tank to the
desuperheater inlet is recommended to keep water velocities
high, avoiding air pockets at the pump inlet. An air vent in the
inlet line can also help systems where air is a problem. If one
is used (recommend Watts Regulator brand FV-4 or
Spirovent), mount it near the desuperheater inlet roughly 2-1/2
inches above the horizontal pipe. Shutoff valves allow access
to the desuperheater plumbing without draining the hot water
tank. Keep the valves open when the pump is running.
Desuperheater maintenance includes periodically opening the
drain on the hot water tank to remove deposits. If hard water,
scale, or buildup causes regular problems in hot water tanks in
your area, it may result in a loss of desuperheater
effectiveness. This may require periodic cleaning with Iron
Out or similar products.
CAUTION – Insulated copper tubing must be used to run
from the water tank to the desuperheater connections on the
side of the unit.
The built-in desuperheater pump can provide the proper flow
to the desuperheater if the total equivalent length of straight
pipe and connections is kept to a maximum of 90 feet of 1/2inch type L copper tubing (or a combination of approximately
60 feet with typical elbows and fittings). This tubing can be
connected to the water tank in two ways:
METHOD 1
Using a desuperheater tee installed in the drain at the bottom
of the water heater (See Figure 4). This is the preferred
method for ease of installation, comfort and efficiency. The
tee eliminates the need to tap into the domestic hot water lines
and eliminates household water supply temperature variations
that could occur from connecting to the hot water pipes. Poor
water quality may restrict the effectiveness of the
desuperheater tee by plugging it with scale or buildup from the
bottom of the tank, restricting water flow.
METHOD 2
Taking water from the bottom drain and returning it to the
cold water supply line (See Figure 5). This method maintains
the same comfort and efficiency levels but increases
installation time and cost.
Important – This method requires a check valve in the
return line to the cold water supply to prevent water from
flowing backwards through the desuperheater when the tank is
filling. Water passing through the pump backwards damages
the rotor's bearing, which reduces pump life and causes noise
problems in the pump. Note – A spring-type check valve with
a pressure-drop rating of 1/2 psig or less is recommended.
XIII. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR LOCKOUT CONDITIONS
If the heat pump goes into lockout on a high or low pressure switch, the cause of the lockout can be narrowed down by knowing the
operating mode and which pressure switch the unit locked out on. The following table will help track down the problem once this
information is known. Note – A lockout condition is a result of the heat pump shutting itself off to protect itself, never bypass the
lockout circuit. Serious damage can be caused by the system operating without lockout protection.
CONDITION
AC power applied
AC power applied
AC power applied
Run cycle complete
INDICATOR LIGHTS
PW ASC
LP
HP
COMMENTS
R
Off
Off
Off
Off Blown fuse or power removed or loose fuse clips.
X
X
ASC indicator on for 4 minutes and 35 seconds after power initialization.
X
Power applied - unit running or waiting for a call to run.
X
X
LOW PRESSURE INDICATOR
Heating or Cooling –
X
X
before Y call
X
X
Heating - during Y call
X
Cooling - during Y call
X
22
Flash
-Check if Low Pressure switch is open.
-Check electrical connections between Low Pressure switch and Controller.
-Loss/lack of flow through ground-side heat exchanger.
-Low fluid temperature operation in ground-side heat exchanger.
-Freezing fluid in ground-side heat exchanger (lack of antifreeze).
-Dirty (fouled) ground-side heat exchanger (on ground water systems).
-Low ambient temperature at the heat pump.
-Undercharged / overcharged refrigerant circuit.
-Expansion valve / sensing bulb malfunction in compressor unit.
-Excessive low return air temperature.
-Freezing air coil (dirty air filter or air coil, undercharged refrigerant circuit)
-Missing blower compartment access panel.
-Loss/lack of airflow (dirty filter, closed vents, blower, restricted ductwork,
etc.)
-Low return air temperature.
-Low ambient temperature at the heat pump.
-Undercharged / overcharged refrigerant circuit.
-Expansion valve / sensing bulb malfunction in add-on unit.
-Excessively low fluid temperature in the ground side heat exchanger.
X
Cycle Blink
On and
Off
every
few
min.
HIGH PRESSURE INDICATOR
Heating or Cooling –
X
before Y call
X
X
Heating - during Y call
Cooling – during Y call
ASC indicator ON for 70 to 130 seconds after compressor shutdown.
X
X
X
X
-Check if High Pressure switch is open.
-Check electrical connections between High Pressure switch and Controller.
-JS jumper was not removed on Dual Fuel add-on application.
-Loss/lack of airflow (dirty filter, closed vents, blower, restricted ductwork,
etc.)
-High return air temperatures.
-Overcharged refrigerant circuit.
-Expansion valve / sensing bulb malfunction in compressor unit
-Dirty (fouled) air coil.
-Loss/lack of flow through the ground-side heat exchanger.
-High fluid temperature in the ground-side heat exchanger.
-Dirty (fouled) ground-side heat exchanger (on ground water systems).
-Overcharged refrigerant circuit.
-Expansion valve / sensing bulb malfunction in compressor unit.
XV. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR UNIT OPERATION
PROBLEM
POSSIBLE CAUSE
Blown Fuse/Tripped Circuit
Breaker
Compressor out on Internal
Overload
Blown Fuse on Controller
Broken or Loose Wires
Voltage Supply Low
Entire unit Low Voltage Circuit
does not run Room Thermostat
Interruptible Power
Dirty Furnace Air Filter
Unit will not Thermostat Improperly Set
operate on Defective Thermostat
“heating”
Incorrect Wiring
Furnace Blower Motor Defective
Dirty Furnace Air Filter or Air
Coil
Airflow
Evaporator
(air coil) ices
over in
cooling mode
Furnace blower Speed Set too
Low
Low Air Temperature
Room Thermostat
Wiring
Blown Fuse
High or Low Pressure Controls
Voltage Supply Low
Furnace
blower motor
runs but
Low Voltage Circuit
compressor
does not, or
compressor
short cycles Compressor Overload Open
Compressor Motor Shorted to
Ground
Compressor Windings Open
Seized Compressor
CHECKS AND CORRECTIONS
Replace fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse or circuit breaker.)
Refrigerant line Service Valves not open or not fully open.
Replace fuse on controller. (Check for correct size fuse.) Check for loose fuse clips.
Replace or tighten the wires.
If voltage is below minimum voltage on data plate, contact local power company.
Check 24-volt transformer and fuse for burnout or voltage less than 18 volts.
Set thermostat on “Cool” and lowest temperature setting, unit should run. Set
thermostat on “Heat” and highest temperature setting, unit should run. If unit does
not run in both cases, the room thermostat could be faulty or incorrectly wired. To
prove faulty or miswired thermostat, disconnect thermostat wires at the unit and
jumper between “R”, “Y” and “G” terminals and unit should run. Replace
thermostat only with correct heat pump thermostat. A substitute may not work
properly.
Check incoming supply voltage.
Check filter on existing furnace. Clean or replace if found dirty.
Is it below room temperature? Check the thermostat setting.
Check thermostat operation. Replace if found defective.
Check for broken, loose, or incorrect wires.
If it does not operate the compressor will go off on high head pressure.
Check filter. Clean or replace if found dirty. Clean air coil if found dirty.
Lack of adequate airflow or improper distribution of air. Check the furnace blower
motor speed and duct sizing. Check the furnace filter, it should be inspected every
month and changed if dirty. Check for closed registers. Remove or add resistance
accordingly.
Verify furnace blower speed is set a proper setting
Room temperatures below 65oF may ice over the evaporator.
Check setting, calibration, and wiring.
Check for loose or broken wires at compressor, capacitor, or contactor.
Replace fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse or circuit breaker.)
The unit could be off on the high or low-pressure cutout control. Check water GPM,
air CFM and furnace filter, ambient temperature and loss of refrigerant. If the unit
still fails to run, check for faulty pressure controls individually. Replace if
defective.
If voltage is below minimum voltage specified on the data plate, contact local
power company. Check voltage at compressor for possible open terminal.
Check transformer and fuse for burn out or voltage less that 18 volts. With a
voltmeter, check signal from thermostat at Y to X, M1 on controller to X, check for
24 volts across the compressor contactor. Replace component that does not
energize.
In all cases an “internal” compressor overload is used. If the compressor motor is
too hot, the overload will not reset until the compressor cools down.
Internal winding grounded to the compressor shell. Replace the compressor. If
compressor burnout, replace inline filter drier.
Check continuity of the compressor windings with an ohmmeter. If the windings are
open, replace the compressor.
Try an auxiliary capacitor in parallel with the run capacitor momentarily. If the
compressor still does not start, replace it.
PROBLEM
Improperly located thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, inaccurately sensing the comfort
level in living areas). Verify Install Set-up configuration.
Unit short
Wiring and Controls
Loose wiring connections, or control contactor defective.
cycles
Compressor Overload
Defective compressor overload, check and replace if necessary. If the compressor
runs too hot, it may be due to insufficient refrigerant charge.
Reversing Valve does not Shift
Defective solenoid valve will not energize. Replace solenoid coil.
Room Thermostat
Ensure that it is properly configured according to their own instructions for the
Unit does not
“System Type” they are installed on.
cool (Heats
Reversing Valve does not Shift,
The solenoid valve is de-energized due to miswiring at the unit or thermostat Only)
the Valve is Stuck
correct wiring. Replace if valve is tight or frozen and will not move. Switch from
heating to cooling a few times to loosen valve.
Water
Lack of sufficient pressure, temperature and/or quantity of water.
Unit Undersized
Recalculate heat gains or
Loss of Conditioned Air by Leaks Check for leaks in ductwork or introduction of ambient air through doors/windows
Room Thermostat
Improperly located thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, not sensing the comfort level in
living areas). Verify Install Set-up configuration.
Airflow
Lack of adequate airflow or improper distribution of air. Check the motor speed and
duct sizing. Check the filter, it should be inspected every month and cleaned if
Insufficient
dirty. Remove or add resistance accordingly.
cooling or Refrigerant Charge
Low on refrigerant charge causing inefficient operation. Adjust only after checking
heating
CFM,GPM, and inlet/outlet temperatures.
Compressor
Check for defective compressor. If discharge pressure is too low and suction
pressure is too high, compressor is not pumping properly. Replace compressor.
Desuperheater
The desuperheater circuit (in-line fuse) should be disconnected during cold weather
to allow full heating load to the house.
Reversing Valve
Defective reversing valve creating bypass of refrigerant from discharge to suction
side of compressor. When it is necessary to replace the reversing valve, wrap it with
a wet cloth and direct the heat away. Excessive heat can damage the valve.
Level vertical units.
Water drips Unit not Level
from Add-On Condensate Drain Line Kinked or Clean condensate drain. Make sure external condensate drain is installed with
unit
Plugged
adequate drop and pitch.
Compressor
Make sure the compressor is not in direct contact with the base or sides of the
cabinet. Cold surroundings can cause liquid slugging, increase ambient temperature.
Contactor
A “clattering” or “humming” noise in the contactor could be due to control voltage
less than 18 volts. Check for low supply voltage, low transformer output, or
transformer tap setting. If the contactor contacts are pitted or corroded or coil is
defective, repair or replace.
Rattles and Vibrations
Check for loose screws, panels, or internal components. Tighten and secure. Copper
piping could be hitting the metal surfaces. Carefully readjust by bending slightly.
Noisy
Check that hard plumbing is isolated from building structures.
Operation
Water and Airborne Noises
Undersized ductwork will cause high airflow velocities and noisy operation.
Excessive water through the water-cooled heat exchanger will cause a squealing
sound. Check the water flow, ensuring adequate flow for good operation but
eliminating the noise.
Cavitating Pumps
Purge air from ground loop system.
Squealing Sound from Inside the Purge air from the water side of the desuperheater heat exchanger or defective
Cabinet
desuperheater heat exchanger.
24
POSSIBLE CAUSE
Room Thermostat
XVI. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR ECM BLOWER
PROBLEM
Motor rocks slightly
when starting
Motor won’t start
•No movement
•This is normal start-up for ECM.
•Wait for completion of ramp-up at start.
•Check power at motor.
•Check low voltage (24 VAC R to X) at motor.
•Check low voltage connections (G, Y, W2, R, X) at motor.
•Check for unseated pins in connectors on motor harness.
•Test with a temporary jumper between R and G.
•Check motor for a tight shaft.
•Perform Moisture Check*.
Motor rocks, but won’t
start
•Check for loose or compliant motor mount.
•Make sure blower wheel is tight on shaft.
Motor starts, but runs
erratically
•Varies up and down
or intermittent
•Is ductwork attached?
•Check line voltage for variation or “sag”.
•Check low voltage connections (G, Y, W2, R, X) at motor, unseated pins in motor harness connectors.
•Check out system controls, thermostat.
•Perform Moisture Check*.
”Hunts” or “puffs” at
high CFM (speed)
•Does removing panel or filter reduce puffing?
Reduce restriction.
Stays at low CFM
despite call for higher
speed
•Check low voltage wires and connections.
•Verify fan is not in delay mode; wait until delay complete.
•”R” missing/not connected at motor.
Stays at high CFM
Blower won’t change
CFM after adjusting
the speed control
setting.
Blower won’t shut off
•Power to the unit must be reset to enable the new settings.
Excessive noise
•Determine if it’s air noise, cabinet, duct or motor noise.
Air noise
•High static creating high blower speed?
- Does removing filter cause blower to slow down? Check filter.
- Use low-pressure drop filter.
Check/correct duct restrictions.
Noisy blower or
cabinet
•Check for loose blower housing, panels, etc.
•High static creating high blower speed?
- Check for air whistling through seams in ducts, cabinets, or panels.
Check for cabinet/duct deformation.
•Current leakage from controls into G, Y, or W?
*Moisture Check
•Connectors are oriented as recommended by equipment manufacturer?
•Is condensate drain plugged?
•Check for low airflow (too much latent capacity)
•Check for undercharged conditions.
•Check and plug leaks in return ducts, cabinet.
**Comfort Check
•Check proper airflow settings.
•Low static pressure for low noise.
•Set low continuous-fan CFM.
•Thermostat in good location?
XVII. ADDITIONAL FIGURES, TABLES, AND APPENDICES
Figure 1 – Installation Illustrations (Note: Conceptual drawings only)
Figure 1a –
Vertical
Split System
Installation
Supply Duct
7/8" Insulated
Vapor Line
25ft Line Set
3/8" Liquid
Line
Air
Handler
Unit
Installer provided
Air Filter and Air
Filter Rack
PumpPAK
Return Duct
Condensate Drain –
must be trapped and vented
Air Pad
Pressure/Temperature P/T Ports
Figure 1b –
Horizontal
Split System
Installation
7/8" Insulated
Vapor Line
25ft Line Set
3/8" Liquid
Line
Supply
Duct
Return
Duct
PumpPAK
Installer provided Air Filter and Air Filter Rack
Air Pad
Condensate Drain – must be trapped and vented
Condensate Drain –
must be trapped and vented
7/8" Insulated
Vapor Line
25ft Line Set
Figure 1c –
Dual Fuel System
Installation
3/8" Liquid
Line
Air Coil Unit
Fossil Fuel
Furnace
PumpPAK
Air Pad
26
Return Duct
Shutoff Valves
Visual Flow Meter
Strainer
Boiler
Drains
From
Bladder-Type
Pressure Tank
IN
TO/FROM
Ground Loop
OUT
Discharge
PumpPAK
Flow
Control
Valve
Solenoid
Valve
P/T Ports
IN
OUT
P/T Ports
Figure 2 – Ground Loop Water Plumbing
Figure 3 – Ground Water Plumbing
COLD
COLD
HOT
Check Valve
HOT
1/2" or 3/4"
Copper Pipe
1/2" or 3/4"
Copper Pipe
Air Vent
Air Vent
1/2" Copper Pipe
1/2" Copper Pipe
Desuperheater Tee
Shutoff Valves
Drain (Hang Down)
Shutoff Valves
Drain (Hang Down)
Note – Always use copper pipe. Check local codes and use
proper plumbing procedures.
Note – Always use copper pipe. Check local codes and use
proper plumbing procedures.
Figure 4 – Preferred Desuperheater Installation
Figure 5 – Alternate Desuperheater Installation
Wiring Diagram, Split System [EVxx-x-VS2x]
Heat Pump Thermostat
See Note 4
R
O
Y
Y2
Red
Org
Y2 E R G Y W C
See Note 3
W
Y
Y2 E R G O Y W2 L C
X
Blu
Yel
Supplemental
Heating System
See Note 1
See Note 2
Y2 E R G O Y Aux L C
JS
D
Y2
U1 U2 D1 D2
Y2 E R G Y W C
JL
Brn
Blu
Y E W2
DO
W2L X
E R G O Y W2
J1
PWR
J2
J3
Wht
Blk
24V Transf
WHT
SP R Red
F1
X
Equipment
Ground
208V Yel
Blu
BLK
ASC
X
Blk
1-Phase
Power
R
Compressor
Controller
X
X
Blu
PA
O
X
LP/
FP
DT
SA
Blu
M1
G
Yel
M1
HP
Run
Capacitor
RS
BLK
RED
BLU
Blk
Blu
Blu
LP / FP
Blk
Blu
Org
R
F2
VB
Blk
HP
VR
Dry Contact Output
Fuse, Transformer
Fuse, Desuperheater
Freeze Protection
High-Temp Limit
High-Press Switch
Low-Press Switch
COMPRESSOR
Desuperheater
Pump (Optional)
Vara 2 + Split System Electrical Diagram
Factory Low Voltage
80-0068
Factory Line Voltage
Rev _, 12/2010
DO
F1
F2
FP
HL
HP
LP
M1
PA
RS
SA
Contactor
Plug, Accessory
Relay, Desuperheater
Start Assist (Some
Single Phase Models)
SP Spare Fuse
Field Line Voltage
Field Low Voltage
To PumpPAK
(Optional)
VB Compressor Bypass
Valve (energize for Y2)
VR Valve, Reversing
J1 Remove for Hydronic
J2 Ties W2 to E
J3 Overflow Protection
JS Remove for Dual Fuel
Note 1 – DO NOT wire E to E on Dual Fuel.
Note 2 – Must remove JS on Dual Fuel applications. Must remain installed for Split System.
Note 3 – Utility Dual Fuel Radio (if used) normally closed (NC) contact replaces U1/U2 jumper link.
Note 4 – JL center position for Split System. Must be on Y position for Dual Fuel to latch W2 to Y.
28
S
C
HL
10VA Maximum
External Connected
Load (24Vac)
Three Phase
M1
B
U
B
K
R
D
L2
L1
L3
COMPRESSOR
Notes
Greenville, IL & Mitchell, SD
[email protected]
www.gogogeo.com
90-1094 Rev A (2011-008) | ©2012 Enertech Global, LLC. | All Rights Reserved
30

Inside the Tw o Stage Compressor

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