KOH-I-NOOR HARDTMUTH www.koh-i-noor.eu - Koh-i

The history of drawing
by ruddles, leads and charcoals
GIOCONDA
9999004388GB
KOH - I - NOOR HARDTMUTH a.s.
F. A. Gerstnera 21/3, 371 30 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Tel.: 00420 389 000 200, Fax: 00420 389 000 501 - 3
E-mail: [email protected]
www.koh-i-noor.eu
The history of drawing dates back twenty thousand years ago to when
Palaeolithic man began to draw on the walls of their caves. With the
help of flints, charcoal and the first primitive colours, they realistically
captured bulls, bison and horses. Drawing was an important part of
Ancient Egyptian art, which was closely knit with religion, primarily
serving as the preliminary sketch prior to the actual painting itself.
Greece and Rome brought originality and elegance in drawing lines in
the sixth and fourth century BC., which we still admire and reap
inspiration from today.
The Middle and Far East regions are a chapter of their own, where
drawing developed in a completely different manner, mainly influenced
by Islam and its propagation. A significant landmark is the discovery
of manufacturing paper in China in 105 AD. This invention also
expanded to the West and many artists dyed the paper themselves
and used it as an ideal background for drawing and other art techniques.
During the middle ages, drawing rather stagnated, basically not much
information is available on it. The themes of latter day works were
almost exclusively focussed on religion, primarily influenced by Carolinian
and Byzantium art, which were the subjects of the
Romanesque style. The ensuing Gothic period at the end of the 12th
century ended the dark ages and art of the middle ages reached its
peak. The Renaissance period brought tremendous prosperity to art
and the 15th century in Italy can be considered as the most productive
and most magnificent period in the history of art ever. Exceptional drawers,
painters and sculptors created their works here with the significant
support of the nobility. The ability to draw became a necessity and
a sign of mastery among the finest. Artists used materials that were
available at the time: charcoal, chalk and pencil with lead or silver tips.
We are fascinated by the perfection of Leonardo’s drawings still today,
full of lightness and energy, or Michealangelo’s obsession and perfect
knowledge of the human body, which enabled him to create extensive
studies of human bodies. Raffael learnt the sfumatti technique from
Leonardo da Vinci, and created an incredible amount of technically
perfect and very effective drawings and portraits. At the beginning
of the 16th century, a new concept called cinqecento was created
in Venice, which was perfected by Titian, Tinotoretto and Veronese. The
technique mainly uses black chalk, charcoal or Italian rock, chalk and
ruddle. Artists in Europe watched the dramatic development of art in
Italy and soon began to study here and be inspired by the new styles
of art.
At the beginning of the 17th century, during the Baroque period,
Amsterdam, Seville and Antwerp became important art centres,
representing artists such as Rubens, Rembrandt, Velázquez, El Greco
and many others. In 1640, the first graphite pencils were made.
A significant increase in the popularity of drawing on paper occurred
during the 18th century, at the time when drawing with charcoal, red
and white chalk on coloured paper was very popular in France.
At the beginning of the 19th century, romantic and realistic drawings
appear. At the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century,
drawing became more demanding in thought, it achieved greater
depth and greater dramatics, as is visible in the works of Toulouse
-Lautrec, Schiele or Picasso.
The technique of pencil, charcoal and ruddle drawing is very popular
even now and accessible to both renowned artists and those, who
are just discovering the beauty of it.
Drawing tools and materials have hardly changed over the past 200
years. However, recently the scale of offered hardness and forms
of charcoal, ruddle, chalk and background materials and tools has expanded
and is even supplied in special interest packages.
KOH-I-NOOR HARDTMUTH
Ruddles, chalks and leads
This group includes the core of many varying diameters, lengths and shapes, which contain clay as the basic raw material, ferrous pigments and or
special types of soot. The mutual combination of various types of raw materials in recipes developed over the years and appropriate technology for
modifying the mixture and methods of their formation create the required qualities of writing.
Ruddles, chalks and leads KOH-I-NOOR HARDTMUTH:
Round ruddles, chalks and leads GIOCONDA
White chalk
4371
Russet sepia
4373
Light brown sepia
4377
Dark brown sepia
4378
Negro
4345
6
6
6
6
6
Ruddles, chalks and
8801
8802
8803
8804
8815
12
12
12
12
12
leads in pencil GIOCONDA
White chalk
Russet sepia
Light brown sepia
Dark brown sepia
Negro
Square ruddles, chalks and and leads – blocks
White chalk
4391
Russet sepia
4393
Light brown sepia
4397
Dark brown sepia
4398
Negro
4355
4392006001BL
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
in a plastic drawer with a sleeve
in a plastic drawer with a sleeve
in a plastic drawer with a sleeve
in a plastic drawer with a sleeve
of 1 gradation in a plastic drawer with a sleeve
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
in
in
in
in
in
a
a
a
a
a
cardboard
cardboard
cardboard
cardboard
cardboard
box
box
box
box
box
or
or
or
or
or
1
1
1
1
1
pc
pc
pc
pc
pc
in
in
in
in
in
a
a
a
a
a
blister
blister
blister
blister
blister
card
card
card
card
card
18 pcs in a cardboard box
18 pcs in a cardboard box
18 pcs in a cardboard box
18 pcs in a cardboard box
18 pcs in a cardboard box
6 pcs set of ruddles in a blister card
Charcoals
A special group of products are charcoals, divided into two basic groups according to the method of production and used raw materials:
Artificial charcoals
Created by mixing the suitable clay with ground wood charcoal, soot and other special additive ingredients.
8810
8673
8683
8683123001BL
GIOCONDA CHARCOAL artificial charcoal in pencil
GIOCONDA CHARCOAL round artificial charcoal
Square charcoal block
12 pcs of 1 gradation in a cardboard box
6 pcs of 1 gradation in a plastic box with a sleeve
18 pcs of 1 gradation in a cardboard box
6 pcs gradation set in a blister card
Natural charcoals
One of the first historically documented means of art. It is carbonised wood, created from burning under conditions lacking combustible air. Hence,
it is not completely burned but carbonised. The required writing qualities are achieved by carefully selecting the given type, shape and diameter of
wood. The most suitable types of wood are linden, alder or willow.
8622
8623
Round natural charcoal
Square natural charcoal
4 or 6 pcs in a carboard box
3 pcs in a carboard box
The following accessories for ruddles and charcoals KOH-I-NOOR HARDTMUTH are available:
Watercolour pad from hand-made paper, sheet size A3
9925
Watercolour pad from hand-made paper, sheet size A4
9926
Watercolour pad from hand-made paper, sheet size A5
9927
Pop Draw drawing pad, white, sheet size A4, 180 g/ m2
9920005001SF
Pop Draw drawing pad, white, sheet size A3, 180 g/ m2
9920004001SF
Fixative in jar, 100 ml
142 600
Fixativ spray, 300 ml
142 598
Vaporizer
0221
Small paper spreader
9477
Big paper spreader
9478
All metal leadholder with sharpener
5340
Printed representation of colours may not be exact.
KOH-I-NOOR HARDTMUTH