OSRAM Analyst Day 2016
Transcription
OSRAM Analyst Day 2016
20.01 17:00 www.osram.com OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Dr. Olaf Berlien | January 2016 Light is OSRAM Safe Harbor Statement This presentation may contain forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those pertaining to the anticipated benefits to be realized from the proposals described herein. Forward-looking statements may include, in particular, statements about future events, future financial performance, plans, strategies, expectations, prospects, competitive environment, regulation and supply and demand. OSRAM Licht AG has based these forward-looking statements on its views and assumptions with respect to future events and financial performance. Actual financial performance could differ materially from that projected in the forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty of estimates, forecasts and projections, and financial performance may be better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, readers should not put undue reliance on any forwardlooking statements. The information contained in this presentation is subject to change without notice and OSRAM Licht AG does not undertake any duty to update the forward-looking statements, and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, except to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations. Due to rounding, numbers presented throughout this and other documents may not add up precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures. 2 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 FY 2015 has been very successful for OSRAM Adjusted EBITA (in €m) Revenue FY (in €bn) 26.3% 8.4% in % of revenue 2014 8.7% 2015 10.2% Nom. +8.4% Comp. -1.0% 5.1 5.6 2014 2015 2014 Reported Free Cash Flow (in €m) 2014 3 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2015 Share price development 2015 18% 38% 216 567 449 299 32.8 Jan 1st 2015 1) Closing price Jan 1st and Dec 30th 38.8 Dec 30th 1) (in €) Enhanced flexibility enabling clear roadmap for success Decision to reorganize OSRAM as a holding company with clear, decentralized mgmt. structures Finalized Decision to carve-out Lamps business In implementation September 2015 Decision to sell Felco shares for > € 350 mio. Closing achieved in Dec November 2015 Three pillar strategy to develop OSRAM In implementation 2020 5.1.5 Spring 2015 April 2015 4 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Continuous and sustainable value creation Initial situation Building on strong positions across our markets Market Position Specialty Lighting (SP) Opto Semiconductors (OS) Lighting Solutions & Services (LSS) 1) #1 #2 2) #5 Performance 2015 OSRAM 2015 revenue share a LED based company w/Lamps • Solid growth • High profitability • Strong growth • High profitability 54% • In transformation process w/o Lamps 45% Lamps (LP) 5 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 #2 Carve-out 1) Automotive 2) Luminaires in Europe, Source CSIL 46% LED-based technology Traditional technology 55% Right time to proactively position for the future Performance 2015 Future Challenges / Opportunities Specialty Lighting (SP) • • • • Technical transition to LED Importance of electronics and software on higher integrated level Market stagnation of traditional technologies Growing aftermarket Lighting Solutions & Services (LSS) • • • • Luminaires market with significant growth Transition from product market to solutions and services Increasing importance of electronics and software Integration of connectivity and Light Management features Opto Semiconductors (OS) • Growing importance of „volume emitter“ technology • Growing importance of economies of scale • Consolidation of weaker players expected Actions required to secure/ expand current position! 6 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Rigorous and detailed strategy assessment process Target markets Value • Growth, profit pool, extent of cyclicality, industry ROCE • Competitive dynamics (consolidation, entrance of new market players, …) • Differentiation potential by technology Stakeholders • Fulfilment of customers needs • Long-term interest of our shareholders • Employee identification and motivation • EBITA margin • Return on capital employed OSRAM Strategy 2020 Technology Growth Sustainable value • Earnings per share • Total shareholder return Capabilities • Experience with relevant business models • Customer intimacy • Technological basis and expertise • Necessary resources 7 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 A diversified strategy based on “3 pillars” OSRAM Licht AG Strategic Review SP CAGR / market size Market position Profitability Worldwide #1 in Automotive LSS OS Catch up attractive market Strong worldwide #2 in LED 2 1 3 € Technology Competitive advantage Expand 8 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Expand / new set-up Expand OSRAM – clear strategy for a technology player with strongly specialized, profitable businesses 3 Pillars Strategy 9 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 “Diamond“ Innovation and Growth Initiative “5.1.5“ in 2020 Specialty Lighting: Automotive market overview LED-based automotive market with strong growth SP LSS OS SP: Automotive exterior OEM light vehicles light source and controls market1) in EUR bn Automotive +9% CAGR 4.9 Halogen LED HID (Xenon) Auxiliary2) Laser OLED 3.2 LED based Traditional 2015 2020 Ford F150 with OSRAM LED Module More than 200 light sources in one verhicle Source: OSRAM data, Frost & Sullivan 10 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 1) Exterior market excluding motorcycles and heavy vehicles 2) e.g. interior and exterior signal lighting Specialty Lighting: Professional & Industrial Applications (PIA) Broad portfolio to capture significant growth potential Light source Specialty Lighting markets, in EUR bn +7% CAGR SP LSS OS Professional and industrial applications Entertainment Projection Medical Industry 4.8 3.4 LED based Traditional 2015 2020 Entertainment - fixtures +5% CARG 1.7 1.3 Architainment DJ/Club Effect/Show Studio/Film Theater About 300 different sub-applications TV 2015 2020 Source: OSRAM data 11 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Specialty Lighting: Expand leading positions in Automotive and PIA SP LSS OS Automotive • Expand in LED-modules and Matrix-solutions Automotive • Invest in new technologies - Laser and OLED • Forward integration with focus on LED and electronics Professional & Industrial Applications • Exploit strong and profitable position in aftermarket © Ralph Larmann Professional & Industrial Applications (PIA) • Extend profitable niche business (e.g. entertainment) SP revenue plan (organic) in EUR bn • Enter/Expand new niches • Selective forward integration (e.g. entertainment fixtures) 1.9 Selective M&A activities under investigation to strengthen existing business fields 2015 12 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2020 Lighting Solutions & Systems (LSS): SP LSS OS Strong growth in luminaires, service and solution markets LS: Professional luminaires and solution product market in EUR bn +5% CAGR 55 Sports&Industry LS 43 LED based Traditional 2020 DS: Professional components for General Illumination +10% CAGR Electronic control gears SSL 20.5 LED modules 12.7 DS in EUR bn Streetlighting LSS 2015 Office&Shops LED modules General Illumination control gear Light Management Systems Light Manag. Systems Trad. control gear 2015 13 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2020 Source: OSRAM data, Frost & Sullivan Lighting Solutions & Systems: Catch up in a growing and profitable market SP LSS OS • “LS 800” program running for lighting solutions • Expand full-solutions offering including services • Maintain good momentum for light controls and LED modules • Strengthen connectivity know-how and innovative system architecture • Increase of electronics and system competence Promotion Local Service/ Information Parking Mgmt. Navigation Smart connected light, e.g. street lighting LSS revenue plan (organic) Organic and inorganic growth to further strengthen technological portfolio in EUR bn 0.9 2015 14 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2020 OS is well positioned in Infrared, Auto and Industry; General Lighting to be the next growth opportunity SP LSS OS Market size [€ bn] +3.9% p.a. 17.3 20.9 Market CAGR [2015 to 2020] OS position 2015 2.9 2.6% #2 player 1.8 4.0% #1 player Infrared (IR1)) 2.5 Auto 1.4 3.4 -4.0% selective Consumer incl. Backlighting 4.2 4.3 3.3% #2 player Industry 3.7 9.5% So far not heavily addressed 8.5 General Lighting 5.4 2015 Source: IHS 15 2020 1) IR = Infrared emitters & detectors + infrared, blue and green laser applications OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Limited additional growth potential Next growth opportunity for OS OS: The technology shift from surface to volume emitters is happening in all segments Volume emitter (sapphire) Technologies Technology shift complete Application segment Surface emitter (thin film) Technology shift in progress Automotive • e.g. buttons Consumer • e.g. backlighting Industry • e.g. signs and signals • e.g. white goods SSL • e.g. retrofit • e.g. street lighting 16 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Si = Silicon Al2O3 = Sapphire SP LSS OS • e.g. day-time running light Surface emitter dominant for next ~5 years • e.g. headlamps • e.g. mobile flash example • e.g. projection OS: The combination of leading in technology, scale and factor costs gives us the right to win 1. Technology 2. Scale and 3. Factor Cost The right to win Leading in technology Best factor costs and right economies of scale Worldwide cost leadership Estimated chip costs advantage of OSRAM by 2020 vs.: Front-end (FE) ~17% Kulim (Malaysia) + • Best in class performance in • Chip size & Wafer size • Phosphor efficiency • Deep understanding of technology 17 SP LSS OS OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 ~6% “Mega“-sites for both FE und BE in a low-cost-location Back-end (BE) Wuxi + Penang (China + Malaysia) Best Chinese Player Best Taiwanese Player OS: Modular phased investment strategy Phase I with 370 Mio. EUR SP LSS OS Risk Management 1. Implementation Risk - Top Management attention - Monthly Board reviews - Risk control on corporate level - Dedicated project team - External consultants and assessors - Further scale up of sales & marketing resources 2. Market Risk Management - Modular Equipment ramp-up - Continuous monitoring of market landscape - Conservative price decline expectations 18 Phase 1 Implement in 2016/17 €370 mio. invest - Building - Equipment Phase 2 - In planning Phase 3 - In planning OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Investment decisions benchmarked against ambitious ROCE hurdle rates SP LSS OS OS: Build on strong worldwide #2 position • Expand existing profitable niche business • Complete technology portfolio (surface & volume emitter) • Market leading chip competence for General Illumination (GI) • Leverage synergies in scale, scope & competence • Realize profitable double-digit growth Leading position any segment we compete #1 Automotive #2 Industry #2 Infrared / Laser + Top position - LEDs for GI OS revenue plan (organic) in EUR bn Balanced portfolio in niche and volume business to gain market share and sustain profitability 1.3 2015 19 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2020 OSRAM in 2020: Technology player with strong specialized businesses SP LSS OS OS revenue share, by applications; OSRAM revenue share by business unit Opto 2015 Opto 2020 OSRAM 2020 LED for GI ~35% ~15% OS ~15% LSS ~85% ~65% SP Automotive / Industry / Consumer1) LED for GI 1) Mobile flash, backlighting, automotive signalling, automotive front lighting, automotive interior, infrared illumination, projection, stage lighting, video wall, white goods 20 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 OSRAM – clear strategy for a technology player with strongly specialized, profitable businesses 3 Pillars Strategy 21 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 “Diamond“ Innovation and Growth Initiative “5.1.5“ in 2020 Innovation and growth initiative “Diamond” provides the backbone for technology differentiation “Diamond“ – innovation and growth initiative Innovation • • 22 Systematic Research & Development of smart technologies, e.g. beacons Technology scouting OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Growth • We create markets (e.g. automotive laser light) • We conquer leading market positions Increasing R&D spending to drive future technological innovation R&D budget Urbanization Demographic Change Digitalization Infrastructure Safety & Security Mobility Intellectual Property 8% p.a.1) (of revenue) ~600 patents p.a. ~18,000 total ~2 patents per day Selected OSRAM TOP patent fields OS SP OLED CI Epitaxy, Chip concepts, conversion Automotive SSL, Laser Encapsulation, SSL, Display Innoventure, Lightmgmt., LED modules >6,600 patents >2,700 patents >1,700 patents >1,000 patents 1) on average until 2020 23 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 R&D spend will increase across all 3 pillars 8% of sales for R&D in average p.a. until 2020 • One time effect in 2016 to push special projects • All 3 segments will be supported • R&D spending necessary to conquer leading market positions in attractive markets • State of the art innovation process established to secure value creation of R&D Growth rate R&D spending (illustrative)1) +4% CAGR +22% Central LSS SP OS 2015 2016 2020 1) OSRAM w/o Lamps, before special items 24 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Smart & digital innovation fields SENSORS AND SYSTEMS FOR SMART LIGHTING SMART CITY 25 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION AND LIGHTING SMART BUILDINGS HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPONENTS ADVANCED MATERIALS AND OPTIC CONCEPTS OSRAM – clear strategy for a technology player with strongly specialized, profitable businesses 3 Pillars Strategy 26 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 “Diamond“ Innovation and Growth Initiative “5.1.5“ in 2020 Significant growth across all segments from 2015 to 2020 OSRAM Business Segments (revenue in bn €) (revenue in bn €) 5.0 – 5.5 1.9 3.6 1.3 0.9 SP SP 2015 LSS OS 2020 New holding company structure enables constant review of performance of each pillar and ability to take appropriate portfolio measures at any time 27 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 LSS OS 2015 Pro Forma 2020 Ambition 20201 A plan that will deliver real shareholder value by 2020 Revenue, in bn € 5 2014 2015 Lamps 5.1 5.6 5.0 – 5.5 2020 EBITDA, in bn € 1 2014 2015 0.560 0.557 0.9 – 1,0 2020 EPS, in € 5 2014 2015 20202) 1.8 1.6 5.0 1) Presuming stable economic environment incl. no servere anomaly of semiconductor cycle and stable FX, without lamps 2) Including share buy back 28 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Conclusion: The right plan to deliver on our goals 1. This is the right time to implement the new 3 pillars strategy in order to stay ahead of the market 2. The investments across all three pillars deliver the best overall outcome on long term for the shareholders 3. Balanced portfolio over three pillars 29 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 www.osram.com OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Opto Semiconductors Aldo Kamper | January 2016 Light is OSRAM OS is a strong player in all its markets and a key profit generator for Osram Automotive #1 player, ~50% of Revenues1) Forward Lighting Safety & Comfort Industry #2 player, ~25% of Revenues1) Video Walls Projection Consumer ~10% of Revenues1) Bio Monitoring General Lighting ~15% of Revenues1) Outdoor Lighting 1) Percent of total OS Revenues in FY 2014/15, including both visible and infrared products 31 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Handsets / Monitors Residential Lighting Our integrated business model covers the entire LED value chain, allowing end-to-end optimization Substrate etc. Front-end Process Chip processing Epitaxy Phosphor Back-end Process Coating & structuring LED chips Singulation, testing Processing Bonding Conversion1) Packaged LED Sawing, testing Broadest technology base in the industry, all colors from infrared to visible light, applied in LED & Laser 1) In order to make a white LED, it is common to convert blue LEDs with phosphors to white LEDs 32 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Building on strength: OS is the #2 global player for over 10 years, continuously delivering healthy margins Market share in optoelectronic components (2014) OS Revenue (€ m) and EBITA margin (2005-2015) 22% 11% Nichia 16% 7% Osram Opto 18% 17% 18% 14% 14% 12% 6% Samsung 12% 8% 1,125 1,018 5% Lumileds 2% 5% Everlight LG Innotek 4% SSC 4% 4% Cree MLS 3% Avago 3% Source: IHS 2015 33 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Average 1,293 14% 858 899 743 Market size € 16.2 bn (2014) 452 501 519 529 468 ’05 ’06 Source: Osram ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 Fiscal Year OS is well positioned in Infrared, Auto and Industry; General Lighting to be the next growth opportunity for OS Market CAGR [2015 to 2020] Market size [€ bn] OS Position [2015] 3.9% 20.9 17.3 (IR1)) 2.5 Auto 1.4 Consumer incl. Backlighting 4.2 Industry 3.7 Infrared 2.9 2.6% #2 player 1.8 4.0% #1 player 3.4 -4.0% selective 4.3 3.3% #2 player 9.5% So far not heavily addressed 8.5 General Lighting 5.4 2015 2020 Source: IHS 2015 1) IR = Infrared emitters and detectors going into consumer, automotive and industry applications 34 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Limited additional growth potential Next growth opportunity for OS OS core technology (surface emitter) is challenged by lower cost technology (volume emitter) in several applications Share of volume and surface emitter in total LED market 2015 Surface emitter (thin film) Surface emitter Volume emitter Volume emitter (sapphire) Si = Silicon Al2O3 = Sapphire Source: IHS 2015, Osram 35 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2020 Surface emitter Volume emitter – Good cost efficiency helped sapphire to become mainstream technology for the General Lighting market – Performance of volume emitter increasingly “good enough” for “classical” surface emitter applications, e.g. street lighting – Surface emitting technology however still a valuable differentiator in applications that need specific characteristics for the optical system (e.g. projection, stage lighting, headlamps, µAFS) Investment in General Lighting is increasingly value accretive - generating up to €200m annually by 2020 With this investment, OS can deliver >15% EBITA margin over the cycle 36 Value levers Financial impact by 2020 Profitability of the General Lighting opportunity € 50-100 million EBITA per year once new fab is fully up and running + + General Lighting synergy benefits with niche businesses € 50-100 million EBITA of synergies per year = = Long term sustainable success Over the cycle: OS EBITA margin >15% OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Timing of our GL investment is right: Overcapacity will be sharply reduced by the time our fab goes online Industry needs to invest ~5 bn € until 2020 to meet increasing demand LED demand Surplus LED supply Billion sq. mils of LED Surplus 25% 350,000 300,000 20% 250,000 15% 200,000 150,000 100,000 5% 50,000 0% 0 2015 2016 2017 Source: IHS Dec 2015 (already includes OS‘ announced investments in Kulim) 37 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2018 2019 2020 Low oversupply 10% OS will reach cost leadership through technology, scale and factor costs once Kulim fab is up & running Up to 10% chip cost advantage expected over largest fab in China by 2020 Between 10 to 20% chip cost advantage expected over best Taiwanese fab by 2020 -5% 9% 6% 3% -10% 5% 0% Scale 1 6% 5% 5% 5% Wafer Effi- Factor Subsidy3) Best Size1) ciency2) costs Chinese player 2 3 4 Scale 1 Wafer Effi- Factor Subsidy3) Best Size1) ciency2) costs Taiwanese player 2 3 Competitive against the best, better than the rest Estimates based on OS model 1) Incl. tool and process optimization 38 17% OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 2) On chip- and phosphor level 3) Advantage vs. OS subsidies 4 OS cost advantages in detail (1/2) 1 Economies of scale (2020 view) Estimated cost advantage of OS Kulim Fab due to scale versus: Largest Fabs1) Large Fabs1) Other Fabs1) > 10% OS Kulim fab with relevant cost advantage due to larger scale versus ~2/3 of the worldwide LED capacity in 2020 5 to 10% 0 to 5% 35% 25% 40% Cum. % of worldwide LED capacity in these fabs 2 Wafer size & optimized equipment and processes • 6” wafers have 2.2x more chips than 4” wafers and 9x more chips than 2” wafers • Processing costs (besides Epitaxy) and wafer handling are little depending on wafer size but mostly on wafer numbers, resulting in cost advantage of 6” vs. 4” • Newest and homogeneous state-of-the-art equipment optimized for large scale production 39 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 OS‘ 6“ technology with leading processing costs Source: Osram Estimates 1) „Largest Fabs“ = Fabs with more than 10 kWSPW 6“ equivalent, „Large Fabs“ = 5 to 10 kWSPW, „Other Fabs“ with less than 5 kWSPW OS cost advantages in detail (2/2) 3 Chip and phosphor efficiency • Higher chip and phosphor efficiency result in smaller chip sizes for same brightness, i.e. in lower chip costs • 1% higher efficiency equals to 3 ~ 5% lower chip costs • OS with technological advantage due to superior R&D spending, highly experienced team and strong IP Efficiency vs. best competitors for volume emitters [%]: > ~105 ~105 ~100 Competitor 1 (today) Competitor 2 (today) ~100 OSRAM (today) OS is reaching quickly best-in-class efficiencies, enabling smaller – and thereby cheaper – chips for same brightness levels OSRAM 2016 4 Factor costs Location-specific relative costs per wafer (in 2020) 111% 109% 106% 100% Kulim Malaysia 40 China OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Taiwan Korea OS benefits from lower factor costs in Kulim vs. fabs of our main competitors Only OS and one other player have the necessary scale in niche businesses to realize large synergy benefits Niche revenues1) of integrated players [2014] General Lighting synergy benefits for OS niche businesses • • • • • OS A B Source: OS Analysis based on IHS 2015 1) Sum of automotive and industry revenues 41 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 C D E F Chip volume all in one fab Operational and purchasing synergies lowering surface emitter chip costs R&D synergies Overhead cost degression Use of volume emitter chips in industry and automotive applications Synergy Potential: € 50 – 100m EBITA annually OS is strong enough to accelerate General Lighting invest without diminishing the drive for niche businesses… Sum of 5 years period [in € bn] ∑ Investment in Niche Businesses ∑ Investment in General Lighting R&D FY’11-FY’15 FY’16-FY’20 CAPEX ~ €½ bn higher invest in Niche €1+ bn higher invest in General Lighting … while still generating significant FCF over the period 42 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 OS has a proven track record of building and operating large fabs in Asia Regensburg, Germany Penang, Malaysia ~ 2,000 Employees – OS HQ – Innovation fab for all technologies – R&D Center – Since 1972 Wuxi, China Kulim, Malaysia ~ 1,400 Employees – Greenfield LED backend plant for assembly of visible and Infrared LEDs – Since late 2014 43 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 ~ 5,600 Employees – LED chips and components – General Lighting HQ – R&D center for LED assembly – Since 1978 Packaging – Since 2010 Chip Production Goal: ~1,500 Employees – Greenfield LED frontend plant for epitaxy and chip production – Worldwide largest 6’’ fab – From 2017 Scaling in 3 steps to >20k WSPW 6” by 2020 More facts about the new LED fab in Kulim • Primarily for volume emitters • Located in Kulim Hi-Tech Park, next to numerous technology and semiconductors fabs, e.g. Infineon • ~40km to existing Penang plant and headquarters of OS General Lighting business segment Total investment: € 1bn until FY20 (thereof € 370m in the first step) Timeline Q2-16 Start of Construction Module 1 Capacity (WSPW) 44 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Q2-17 Ready for Equipment Module 1 Q3-17 Start of Construction Module 2 Q4-17 Ramp Module 1 6k Q3-18 Q1-19 Ready for Equipment Module 2 Ramp Module 2 13k 20k The General Lighting investment enables OS to continue to deliver strong growth and healthy profit margins ILLUSTRATIVE OS Revenues OS EBITA Margin [% of Revenues] With General Lighting invest 17% 17% 13% 13% 0% ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’20 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 Fiscal Year OS revenues to rapidly grow in both Niche and General Lighting, benefiting from improved over-all competitiveness 45 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 ’20 Fiscal Year Improved General Lighting margins, combined with the synergy impact of the investment on existing Niche business results in EBITA margins in the ~15% range once fab is up & running Assumes no major changes in the general economic situation In summary, OS is uniquely positioned to be an industry winner 1 Financial strength to build scale – Very few others could make this investment 2 Execution experience to deliver sustainable growth – Long history of competing and operating in Asia 3 Low cost leadership gives competitive advantage – Technology, scale and factor costs combine ideally 4 Ability to realize synergies is a point of differentiation – Our business mix means we can deliver synergy benefits that others cannot It’s right, it’s viable and it will work for OSRAM 46 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016 Disclaimer This presentation contains certain non-IFRS measures. FCF, EBITDA, EBITA, EBIT, EBITA margin, capital expenditure, capital expenditure as percentage of revenue and other operating income, net financial debt, net working capital and certain other items included herein are not recognized measures in accordance with IFRS and should not be considered as an alternative to the applicable IFRS measures. We have provided these measures and other information in this presentation because we believe they provide investors with additional information to measure our performance. Our use of the terms FCF, EBITDA, EBITA, EBIT, EBITA margin, capital expenditure, capital expenditure as percentage of revenue and other operating income, net financial debt, net working capital varies from others in our industry and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss), cash flows from operating activities, revenue or any other performance measures derived in accordance with IFRS as measures of operating performance or to cash flows as measures of liquidity. FCF, EBITDA, EBITA, EBIT, EBITA margin, capital expenditure, capital expenditure as percentage of revenue and other operating income, net financial debt and net working capital have important limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under IFRS. Certain numerical data, financial information and market data (including percentages) in this presentation have been rounded according to established commercial standards. As a result, the aggregate amounts (sum totals or interim totals or differences or if numbers are put in relation) in this presentation may not correspond in all cases to the amounts contained in the underlying (unrounded) figures appearing in the consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, in tables and charts, these rounded figures may not add up exactly to the totals contained in the respective tables and charts. 47 OSRAM Analyst Day 2016