Joint Venture Representatives
Transcription
Joint Venture Representatives
Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Table of Contents Introduction................................................................................................................................................................ 3! National Occupational Classification (NOC)....................................................................... 3! Examples of Benchmark Job Titles .................................................................................... 3! Industry Context ........................................................................................................................................................ 3! Main Responsibilities................................................................................................................................................. 7! Joint Venture Representative – Generic ............................................................................ 7! Joint Venture Representative ............................................................................................. 8! Senior Joint Venture Representative.................................................................................. 8! Commercial Joint Venture Representative ......................................................................... 9! Joint Venture Analyst and Agreements Analyst ................................................................. 9! Minimum Qualifications for Entry.............................................................................................................................10! Education and Experience ...............................................................................................10! Characteristics and Nature of this Occupation ........................................................................................................11! Unique Regional Considerations.............................................................................................................................11! Other Work-Related Conditions .......................................................................................11! Key Competencies and Related Training and Development...................................................................................12! Competencies...................................................................................................................12! Training and Development ...............................................................................................13! Work Opportunities and Typical Career Path..........................................................................................................14! Career Advancement and Occupational Options .............................................................14! Employment Outlook ...............................................................................................................................................14! Workplaces and Employers in the Petroleum Industry............................................................................................15! Compensation: Wages, Salaries and Other Typical Remuneration ........................................................................15! Extra Information .....................................................................................................................................................16! Related Web Links ...........................................................................................................16! Something to Think About and Helpful Tips .....................................................................20! Copyright © Petroleum Human Resources Council of Canada 2009. The opinions and interpretations in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Government of Canada. November 2009 Page 2 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Introduction National Occupational Classification (NOC) • #1225 – Purchasing Agents and Officers (Contract Negotiator). Examples of Benchmark Job Titles Job titles vary in the industry, with the most common ones being: • Commercial Joint Venture Representative; • Joint Interest Analyst; • Joint Interest Representative; • Joint Venture Administrator; • Joint Venture Agreements Analyst; • Joint Venture Analyst; • Joint Venture Coordinator; • Joint Venture Representative – Junior, Intermediate and Senior; • Joint Venture Specialist; • Manager and Supervisor – Joint Interests; • Petroleum Joint Venture Administrator; and • Petroleum Joint Venture Analyst. Industry Context Joint venture (JV) business relationships are very common in the oil and gas industry. The Petroleum Joint Venture Association (PJVA) defines a petroleum joint venture as an “agreement between two or more oil and gas companies for the purpose of development and production of oil and gas properties. The agreement defines the property, most commonly a production facility, the relationship between the parties and the responsibilities assigned to the parties.” Two very well known examples of oil and gas joint ventures are Syncrude and Hibernia: • November 2009 Syncrude Canada Ltd. operates and administers the Syncrude Project on behalf of its owners: Canadian Oil Sands Limited, Conoco-Phillips Oil Sand Partnership II, Imperial Oil Resources, Mocal Energy Limited, Murphy Oil Company Ltd., Nexen Oil Sands Partnership and Suncor. For more information go to www.cos-trust.com; and Page 3 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business • Figure 1 shows Hibernia, an offshore oil field located southeast of St. John's, Newfoundland. ExxonMobil Canada, Chevron Canada Resources, Suncor, Canada Hibernia Holding Corporation, Murphy Oil and Statoil Hydro Canada Ltd. own it jointly. For more information go to www.hibernia.ca. Companies form joint ventures to share costs and risks, Figure 1: Hibernia, offshore improve access to financial and other resources, leverage joint venture. economies of scale and advantages of size, and gain access Source: Suncor Energy Inc. to new technologies and customers. For example, an Asset Management Team’s strategy to improve the return-on-investment for a particular production facility may include forging a joint venture partnership that increases its capacity and/or allows processing of products from third-party producers in the geographic area. Joint ventures must be managed effectively, and the timing of key decisions is particularly important, since changing regulatory, technological, economic and other factors impact operations. Companies must select the right partners, establish clear objectives and create the appropriate management structure. They must maintain effective working relationships and deal constructively with issues that may arise. Successful joint ventures are more likely when there is due diligence in the design, negotiation, execution and follow-through of well-constructed agreements. Joint Venture Representatives of prospective partner companies consider information such as the following when developing and negotiating agreements: • Type, configuration and dollar value of the facility being operated; • Amount of activity and possible expansion in the future; • Balance of throughput to working interest of the parties involved; • Products involved; • Operator and non-operator composition; and • Cost structures and fees. Industry Model Agreements PJVA, in partnership with industry, has developed model agreements to standardize some of the formal documentation required. Exceptions and any unique requirements are attached as appendices, schedules and exhibits to these standard agreements. November 2009 Page 4 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Available joint venture model agreements include: • Construction, ownership and operating (CO&O); • Gas handling; • Common stream operating; • Contract well operating; • Unit and unit operating; and • Well effluent processing and water disposal. Joint venture agreements are complex, and specialized expertise is required to construct them properly. For example, a typical CO&O Agreement includes the following: November 2009 • Interpretation, e.g. provides definitions of terminology used throughout the contract; • Purpose of Agreement; • Basis of Participation; • Deliverability Commitments; • Supervision and Control of Joint Operations, e.g. outlines the operating committee, voting procedure, meetings and sub-committees; • Appointment and Replacement of the Operator, e.g. outlines duties of the operator, resignation and replacement, appointment of a successor, transfer of property on a change, inventory and audit of accounts and assignment of operatorship; • Functions and Duties of the Operator, e.g. outlines control and management of joint operations and subcontracting; • Indemnity and Liability, e.g. outlines the limits of liability, indemnification of the operator, burden of responsibility and environmental responsibilities; • Accounting Measures, e.g. outlines the joint account details, operator’s lien and remedies, reimbursement of operator, commingling of funds and forecasts; • Measurement, e.g. outlines accuracy, the unit of volume and weight, determination of volumes and change of measurement methodology; • Production and Facility Products, e.g. outlines the owner’s share of facility products, losses in handling, flaring and operation of the facility, fuel gas usage, disposition of facility products, distribution of proceeds, audit by a non-taking owner, indemnification for royalties and other payments and warranty by owners; Page 5 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business • Disposal of Facility Interest, e.g. outlines the disposal of an interest in the facility, financing, admission of new owners, disposal of interest documentation and change of name; • Term and Termination, e.g. outlines the term, termination, salvage and disposition, proceeds and costs; • General Provisions, e.g. outlines notices, compliance with laws and regulations, governing law, statute of limitations, further assurances, confidentiality and business conduct; and • Appendices, e.g. including descriptions of the facility and functional units, a map and schematic, the accounting procedure, structure and sharing of the joint account, capacity usage, insurance, facility product allocation procedures, measurement, investment values, dispute resolution and environmental matters. Canadian Association of Petroleum Landmen (CAPL) Operating Procedure The “CAPL Operating Procedure” documents the business relationship between joint owners of petroleum and natural gas (P&NG) rights. This procedure is most useful in situations involving simple self-contained facilities and is available at www.landman.ca. Note that working interest owners may opt to establish a CO&O Agreement to govern more complex production facilities. Recommended Practice – Fees Determination (JP-05 Guidelines) Joint venture professionals must calculate, negotiate, justify and debate facility fees such as processing, compression and transportation fees that are detailed in the various agreements. In some instances, the negotiation of fees has proved so challenging that disputes have been escalated to regulatory authorities for resolution. “JP-05” was developed as a recommended practice and methodology to help parties reach agreement about fees, using an effective negotiation process. For more information, go to http://www.pjva.ca. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Guidelines As a norm, parties must address issues about operating procedures and land, accounting and audit, joint venture, facilities and marketing, and regulatory and compliance. A “Let’s Talk Handbook” has been developed to provide Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) guidelines for each of these scenarios. This document can be viewed online at the Company2Company ADR Council’s website at www.c2cadr.org. Standard Terms and Conditions Clauses about notices, liability and indemnity, force majeure, dispute resolution, applicable law and further assurances are addressed in most agreements, while other contract terms such as measurement provisions, fees and termination provisions may vary given the circumstance. November 2009 Page 6 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business The PJVA’s “Standard Terms and Conditions” streamline the effort required to develop product handling service agreements. More information is available at www.pjva.ca. Joint venture negotiation and management of these important partnerships are complex undertakings that have major implications to the businesses involved and to their stakeholders. Successful joint ventures require the right partners, clear and mutually beneficial objectives and the appropriate management structure. Execution and follow through of contracted agreements and ongoing relationship management are extremely important. Joint Venture Representatives play key roles in the process, from concept through execution phases. The next section of this profile features some typical specialist roles in the oil and gas industry. Main Responsibilities Joint Venture Representatives develop, negotiate and monitor the execution of formal agreements for operated and non-operated joint venture scenarios. They integrate the requirements of disciplines such as engineering, field operations, land management, marketing, legal counsel, accounting and auditing to ensure that the company’s best interests are served and the agreements can be executed successfully. The main responsibilities are grouped by: • Joint Venture Representative – Generic; • Joint Venture Representative; • Senior Joint Venture Representative; • Commercial Joint Venture Representative; and • Joint Venture Analyst and Agreements Analyst. Joint Venture Representative – Generic The PJVA describes typical joint venture responsibilities as follows: November 2009 • Negotiating production facility ownerships, processing and transportation agreements; • Monitoring costs, production volumes, profitability and audits, through analysis of production reports, operating expense and capital budgets; • Providing input into the development and design of a production facility; • Managing the resolution of business and technical conflicts; Page 7 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business • Establishing and maintaining good relations with joint venture associates; • Participating in corporate property acquisition and divestitures programs; and • Coordinating all administration duties pertaining to the ongoing operation of a production facility. Joint Venture Representative Reporting to the Joint Venture Coordinator within operations, this individual participates in joint venture-related projects for the company’s operated and non-operated properties. Primary responsibilities may include: • Negotiating, drafting and executing joint venture agreements; • Participating as a member of operating committees for operated and non-operated properties; • Serving as the point of contact internally and externally on non-operated properties; • Reviewing unit and facility-related budget documentation such as authority for expenditures (AFEs) and mail ballots; • Assisting with joint venture audits within assigned areas; • Assisting the Joint Venture Administrator in resolving deficiencies in agreements; • Obtaining third-party production into company-operated facilities; • Calculating and/or reviewing calculations of third-party usage fees for company facilities and gathering systems; • Reviewing by request interest billings (JIBs) for the Accounting Department’s approval; • Serving as the Regulatory liaison and contact for all unit operations handled under Unit Agreements; • Advising the Asset Management Team on joint venture matters; and • Participating in property reviews that include profitability and optimization recommendations. Senior Joint Venture Representative This individual would manage the joint venture business for a designated property or geographic area. Key responsibilities may include: • November 2009 Representing the company’s position to the industry and interfacing with external joint venture departments; Page 8 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business • Creating, reviewing and negotiating joint venture contracts and agreements, including CO&O and third-party service agreements; and • Identifying and making recommendations about joint venture opportunities. Commercial Joint Venture Representative An individual in this role would be responsible for non-operated and operated facility ownership and for optimizing plant and gathering agreements; and for the execution and administration of agreements, commercial issue resolution and collection of accounts payable. Responsibilities may include: • Ensuring joint venture facilities are being administered in keeping with contacted terms; • Optimizing the return on investment for field gathering and processing assets by maximizing process volumes and revenues and redeploying unused equipment; • Identifying opportunities to exceed the budgeted operating income and managing the implementation of these opportunities; • Managing and promoting the business to existing and new customers; and • Ensuring operations related to joint venture activities are conducted in accordance with company policies and recommended industry practices. Joint Venture Analyst and Agreements Analyst This role works closely with Joint Venture Representatives and others in the business to ensure that contracts for a particular property or geographic area are administered in an effective, efficient and timely manner. Responsibilities may include: November 2009 • Creating standard form agreements; • Preparing and revising exhibits, schedules and appendices of company operated agreements; • Reviewing and coordinating internal reviews of company operated agreements and third-party operated agreements; • Assisting Joint Venture Representatives in identifying agreement requirements and during negotiations; • Monitoring agreements throughout their life cycle and regularly updating the joint venture management system; • Coordinating mail ballots and AFE administration for joint properties; and • Working with internal resources to identify and resolve agreement issues. Page 9 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Minimum Qualifications for Entry Education and Experience Joint Venture Representatives have diverse backgrounds including engineering, field operations, land management and finance. Many individuals move into this specialty from other functional areas and are able to leverage their knowledge and skills quite successfully. Employers typically hire individuals with a university degree or equivalent technical diploma. Preference is given to people with experience in the industry and in joint venture. Petroleum Joint Venture Association (PJVA) Certifications – Mount Royal University The Petroleum Joint Venture Association in collaboration with Mount Royal University in Alberta has developed two industry-recognized certificate programs. • Petroleum Joint Venture Administrator Certificate. This program outlines the role of a joint venture administrator in the petroleum industry and the relationships with other joint venture disciplines. Individuals learn about industry practices, model agreements and their terms and conditions, and related tools and techniques. They are introduced to basic project economics and production accounting, acquisitions and divestiture, negotiations, royalties and contract law; and • Petroleum Joint Venture Analyst Extension Certificate. This program outlines the role of a joint venture analyst in the petroleum industry and the relationships with other joint venture disciplines. Individuals learn about joint venture model agreements, how to draft and review these, how to negotiate contracts terms and ensure compliance. Several scholarships and bursaries are available to oil and gas students. Energy Asset Management (Multiple Options) The Centre for Energy Asset Management Studies (CEAMS) is an independent non-profit organization, established to influence and promote asset management skills development for and within the energy sector. SAIT, in partnership with CEAMS, offers an Energy Asset Management two-year diploma. A specialized applied degree and online certificate are in approval stages. Energy Asset Management is defined as the management and administration of regulatory, financial and contractual compliance pertaining to energy assets. The disciplines involved are: Joint Venture, Land (mineral, surface and contracts), Production Accounting, Operations Accounting and Well Operations, go to www.ceams.org. November 2009 Page 10 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Characteristics and Nature of this Occupation A career as a Join Venture Representative will appeal to individuals with the following attributes, interests and preferences: • Demonstrate high levels of integrity and ethical standards; • Are comfortable working with people from diverse backgrounds; • Show an ability to thrive in an ever-changing environment; • Have strong negotiation and conflict management skills; • Demonstrate a penchant for accuracy and attention to detail; • Are motivated to steward things through from conception to execution; and • Have the ability to work on their own and as a part of a team. Unique Regional Considerations The majority of Joint Venture Representatives are located in Western Canada where the bulk of oil and gas operations and transmission are headquartered. Leasehold activity will continue in the oil sands. With the building of northern pipelines will come increased exploratory and production activity in the Canadian Arctic. Joint venture-related activities will involve federal, territorial and Aboriginal interests. Other Work-Related Conditions Joint Venture Representatives spend much of their time in office environments; however, they must be familiar with the physical facilities and geographic producing areas in order to develop viable agreements. This means travelling to field sites, such as those shown in Figure 2, as required. Figure 2: Joint Venture Representatives often travel to field sites. Source: Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP). November 2009 Page 11 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Key Competencies and Related Training and Development Competencies Key competencies for this Occupation Profile are listed below. Business • Expertise in developing competitive strategies for a particular facility and geographic area of operations; • Understanding of the oil and gas business, the regional production infrastructure (current and ideal scenarios) and the technical aspects of field operations; • Understanding of petroleum fundamentals and related terminology; • Ability to create new business opportunities and respond effectively to changing conditions; and • Ability to keep up with changing government regulations and applicable legislation. Technical November 2009 • Applied understanding of joint ventures, their purpose, different partnering strategies and models, how to establish joint ventures, including those for associated services (e.g. pipeline transportation), and how to manage them throughout the life cycle of the agreements; • Knowledge of the various types of joint operating agreements, their purpose, risk-related contract issues and concepts such as liability, indemnity and remedies; • Understanding of interrelationships with mineral rights (land), joint-owned facilities, producers and internal business functions such as accounting, law and marketing; • Knowledge of basic project economics, financing structures, tax, audit requirements, production accounting, acquisitions and divestiture, royalties and contract law; • Ability to analyze financial implications of agreements; • Ability to negotiate joint agreements effectively and to utilize appropriate dispute resolution skills and techniques when necessary; • Ability to draft professional, complete and accurate documents; • Proficiency in joint venture management systems; and • Project management, e.g. the ability to manage a contract from start to finish successfully. Page 12 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Enabling • Ability to work well as part of a multi-disciplinary team; • Strong analytical skills and attention to detail, while maintaining a clear understanding of the larger picture; • Proven skills in effectively managing multiple tasks, often under pressure and within time constraints; • Organized and able to work independently; • Able to adjust to demanding hours and diverse circumstances; • Ability to speak and write clearly and succinctly; and • Ability to secure information, listen effectively and get messages across with the desired effect. Training and Development Due to the continually evolving industry and business context in which joint venture activities occur, it is critical for all Joint Venture Representatives to stay current in their areas of expertise. Some hiring companies will have in-house, customized training and development programs that combine practical application with theory. This training is particularly important since not all companies use the same joint venture management systems. PJVA provides education to keep its membership informed and skilled. They offer workshops on relevant topics such as land and joint venture agreements, joint venture accounting and auditing and joint 13-month adjustments. The PJVA website also acknowledges other education sources such as the Petroleum Institute for Continuing Education (PEICE), the Canadian School of Hydrocarbon Measurement and Enform. November 2009 Page 13 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Work Opportunities and Typical Career Path Career Advancement and Occupational Options Individuals can work in engineering, field operations, land management and other functional areas in the industry before transferring to this type of work. Or, they can begin their careers in a land management or joint venture group. The typical career path involves movement through junior, intermediate and senior Joint Venture Representative roles. Advancement opportunities vary depending on educational qualifications and work experience, and include progression to supervisory and management positions. Employment Outlook The oil and gas industry is key to Canada’s economy and with many people retiring over the coming decade, the industry is expected to hire for years to come. The number of people retiring already outnumbers those joining the industry today. The Petroleum Human Resources Council has generated medium to long-term industry validated labour market information that forecasts employment demand to 2020 for exploration, development, production, service industries, pipeline transmission, gas processing and mining, and extracting and upgrading heavy oil (in situ) and bitumen. Overall, oil sands operations are expected to provide the most new employment opportunities, while conventional oil and gas activity is projected to decrease over time and not return to the peak experienced in 2006. In addition, the service and pipeline sectors are expected to provide increasing support to the heavy oil (in situ) extraction within the oil sands. Provincial government websites may include relevant employment outlook information at www.jobfutures.ca. November 2009 Page 14 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Workplaces and Employers in the Petroleum Industry Joint Venture Representatives work in many areas of the upstream oil and gas industry with hiring companies including: • Oil and gas exploration, production and transportation; • Petroleum services; • Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) service providers; • Self-employed consultants specializing in joint venture; and • Regulatory agencies such as the Department of Energy. Compensation: Wages, Salaries and Other Typical Remuneration Compensation within the oil and gas industry is competitive when compared to similar jobs in other sectors, particularly for technical disciplines. A summary of published information links can be found at www.careersinoilandgas.com. Typically, junior positions have varied starting salaries and advanced salaries are dependent on work experience and qualifications. November 2009 Page 15 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Extra Information Related Web Links Table 1: Related web links. SOURCE DESCRIPTION URL LINK Alberta Association of Surface Land Agents (AASLA) • An association of people involved in all aspects of surface land acquisition; and www.aasla.com Canadian Association of Petroleum Landmen (CAPL) • A professional organization for people involved in all aspects of petroleum land management; membership includes individuals responsible for the acquisition, administration and disposition of mineral and/or surface rights for petroleum exploration and production companies, as well as related service and financial companies in the energy industry; • Members include mainly Licensed and Interim Licensed Land Agents, and other individuals closely associated with acquisition activities (surveyors, appraisers, environmentalists and lawyers). www.landman.ca • 2007 CAPL Operating Procedure; and • Useful links to associations, land sales and educational programs, etc. Canadian Centre for Energy Information November 2009 • Provides information on the energy industry including a glossary of terms. www.centreforenergy.com Page 16 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business SOURCE DESCRIPTION URL LINK Centre For Energy Asset Management Studies (CEAMS) • An independent non-profit organization, established to influence and promote “Energy Asset Management” skills development for and within the energy sector which includes disciplines of: www.ceams.org o Joint Venture; o Land (Mineral, Surface and Contracts); o Production Accounting; o Operations Accounting; and o Well Operations. • Two-year diploma program launched in partnership with SAIT in 2009; and • Full-time studies in a blended learning environment that includes classroom time, electronic learning, field trips, collaborative projects, and paid work experience. Company2Compa ny (C2C) ADR Council • Provides alternative dispute resolution (ADR) education, tools and expertise to the industry; and www.c2cadr.org • The “Let's Talk Handbook” is a comprehensive toolkit for use by industry representatives and their negotiators. Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC) November 2009 • Provides a National Occupation Classification (NOC) description that includes main responsibilities, example titles, employment requirements, additional information and links to similar occupations. www23.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca Page 17 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business SOURCE DESCRIPTION URL LINK Job Futures – National Edition • Description of occupations – work, education, training and experience, work prospects and important facts. www.jobfutures.ca Petroleum Accountants Society of Canada (PASC) • Provides the oil and gas industry with standards and information in oil and gas accounting: and www.petroleumaccountants.com Petroleum Human Resources Council of Canada • This website provides information and resources on human resources issues facing the oil and gas industry including the Occupation Profiles Library; • Accounting procedure that is used in joint venture agreements. www.petrohrsc.ca • The site also includes an information package called “Careers in Oil and Gas: Rich with Potential;” and • The Careers in Oil and Gas website provides information about the industry, job search tips and other career management information. November 2009 www.careersinoilandgas.com Page 18 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business SOURCE DESCRIPTION URL LINK Petroleum Joint Venture Association (PJVA) (Land Affiliated) • Develops and maintains model agreements; develops recommended practices and procedures; provides a forum for addressing petroleum joint venture issues; improves membership knowledge and skills through continuing education, networking, monthly luncheons, and annual conferences; provides networking opportunities, and promotes an understanding and appreciation of the joint venture discipline within the oil and gas industry; www.pjva.ca • Publish a brochure that summarizes the PJVA’s objectives and benefits, outlines what joint ventures are, and describes the role of joint venture professionals; and • Offers student memberships. Provincial Government Profiles November 2009 • Alberta; www.alis.gov.ab.ca • B.C.; and www.workfutures.bc.ca • Ontario. www.ontariojobfutures.ca Page 19 of 20 Occupation Profile: Joint Venture Representatives Under the Job Family: Specialty Business Something to Think About and Helpful Tips Students, parents, career counselors and others who are interested in obtaining more information about the Joint Venture Representative occupation may find it useful to: • Read up about oil and gas production and pipeline operations – follow the links provided in this profile and review related Occupation Profiles at www.petrohrsc.ca; • Review the Careers in Oil and Gas website at www.careersinoilandgas.com; • Attend career fairs hosted by employers who offer jobs and careers in this occupation, and look at their websites; • Contact educational institutions that provide related post-secondary programs; and • Review websites of industry and professional associations. Individuals are also encouraged to: • Attend association meetings – networking opportunities are open to members and non-members; • Download “Joint Venture Views” to find articles about current projects being worked on by the Petroleum Joint Venture Association (PJVA), information about upcoming events in the petroleum industry, courses and seminars offered and/or sponsored by the association, and information for people new to the industry. View the current issue at www.pjva.ca; and • Visit local libraries for books about joint ventures including one entitled “Introduction to Oil and Gas Joint Ventures”, published by Oilfield Publications Limited (OPL). ISBN 1-870945-96-4. Potential Joint Venture Representatives should consider acquiring skills and knowledge in the competency areas outlined in this Occupation Profile. November 2009 Page 20 of 20