- Radio Frequency Systems

3RD QUARTER 2006
RADIO FREQUENCY SYSTEMS
STAY CONNECTED
The Radio Frequency Systems Bulletin
The Clear Choice™
TV Globo Brasil takes a tailored tack
WiMAX RF—cell-by-cell
AWS auctions and the spectrum shuffle
RRH takes ‘fiber-to-the-tower-top’
RFS meets the press
The Clear Choice™
Please visit us at www.rfsworld.com
7
03 Editorial
Adding choice to the
transmission line mix
4 What’s New
Double cell size with 1800-MHz booster
W4A ‘WiMAX-ready’ adaptive
antenna series
Penetrator takes on 700-MHz
public-safety radio
RFS in-line diplexers offer
flexibility-plus
Tailored antenna solution for
TV Globo São Paulo
One of the world’s largest broadcast groups—
TV Globo—opts for a complete tailored
VHF and UHF antenna solution from Radio
Frequency Systems at its new São Paulo
headquarters.
CELL-Tape—a colorful solution
to a sticky situation
8
CELLFLEX L-series—world’s first
corrugated aluminum transmission line
7 Cover Story
Tailored antenna solution
for TV Globo São Paulo
PUBLISHER’S NOTE: To celebrate this, our 30th issue
of STAY CONNECTED, we have given our magazine a
subtle makeover. You’ll notice a greater prominence
of RFS’s ‘wave’ logo and ‘wave’ theme, and we’ve also
introduced a tighter and richer style to the internal
page layouts. We hope you like our new look, and
continue to enjoy reading STAY CONNECTED.
8 Viewpoint
RFS meets the press
RFS meets the press
Radio Frequency Systems’ involvement at the
forefront of today’s mobile communications
and broadcast industries means that a high
level of media interest simply ‘comes with the
territory’.
10 WiMAX
WiMAX RF—cell-by-cell
CONTENTS
Radio Frequency Systems
IMPRINT
2
WorldWideWeb: http://www.rfsworld.com
Publisher: Jörg Springer
Executive Editor/Editor Asia Pacific South:
Peter Walters
Editor EMAI: Regine Suling
Editor Americas North: Ann Polanski
Editor Americas South: Luciana Del Nero
Editor Asia Pacific North: Sammie Qian
Managing Editor: Allan Alderson
Production Editor: Christian Michatsch
Art Director: Marilu Krallmann
Authors: Allan Alderson, Prue Gallagher,
Dr. Ellen Gregory, Ben Lazzaro, Mary-Therese Rizkalla
Photos: RFS archives, Mick Bennett, Getty Images,
photo disc, Tony Koopmans, Ann Polanski, Sammie
Qian, Regine Suling, Jaime Yiang, Ulrich Bock Film
Cover art: Matthias Schwedt
Cover image: Tony Koopmans
Print: Print Design, Minden
Nortel/RFS multi-beam ‘smart’ antenna
collaboration
16 Microwave
US auctions spawn spectrum shuffle
17 Wireless Indoor Solutions
Hybrid coverage solution
for Shanghai Metro
WiMAX RF—cell-by-cell
As WiMAX evolves into its mobile variant,
carriers the world over are welcoming this
important new technology. STAY CONNECTED
explores the RF issues that will ultimately
define WiMAX.
11
Editorial Services:
Relate Technical Communications, Melbourne
On the cover: RFS’s new purpose-built 611 CP
circularly polarized Band I VHF antenna will soon sit
atop TV Globo’s brand new corporate headquarters
in Almeda Santos, São Paulo.
RFS Doing dialog at BroadcastAsia 2006
station sites. This is all the more punishing when
the RF sector—not least in the RF transmission
technology quickly evolve from one that is
considering
line market. Our CELLFLEX transmission line
exclusively the domain of wealthy countries, to
networks, such as WiMAX, in cities that may
solution bears testament to this leadership—
one that is providing emerging markets with
already be concurrently serviced by multiple
a brand that is globally recognized as the
a means of ‘leap frogging’ communication
layers of 2G and 3G services.
benchmark transmission line technology. Yet
evolutionary stages.
For
change is afoot in this mainstay element of our
Yet the global increase in raw material costs—
traditional coaxial transmission line has tended
industry—a new wave of choice is engulfing
notably copper and oil-based products—
to ‘tether’ the base transmitter station (BTS) to
the RF transmission line market.
impedes such wireless ‘leap frog’ strategies,
within close proximity of the tower top. RFS’s
The reasons behind this revolution are many.
particularly in those countries where average
recent development of the remote radio
Significant among these are the end-to-end
revenue per unit (ARPU) figures are low and
head technology (RRH), which incorporates the
network performance pressure associated with
margins tight. Running almost parallel with this
traditional passive antenna plus elements of
third-generation (3G) and 3.5G broadband
is a need for a new generation of RF products
the base band radio within the antenna body,
wireless data technologies, and the increasing
(including transmission line) that is easier to
effectively ‘untethers’ the BTS from the
demand to reduce network capex and opex.
handle, quicker to install and physically lighter
antenna. By providing a digital interface at
With every element in the cellular link under
and less-demanding on tower and support
the tower top, the BTS-to-tower top link can
performance and cost scrutiny, RFS is evolving
structures. This is most particularly the case in
be run in fiber-optic cable for distances of
the RF transmission line into new forms to
countries where ‘leap frog’ strategies are being
many kilometers.
shoulder the burden.
considered as, more often than not, these are the
This is the crucial ingredient in permitting the
The coaxial transmission line fulfils a vital role
locations where tower and related civil structures
‘base station hotel’ concept—one where the
deployment
practical
of
attenuation
entirely
reasons,
new
the
in the wireless sector. Making the crucial radio
EDITORIAL
final hardware link before embarking on the air
interface.
What has really tipped the balance in the
BTS is clustered with other BTS in a convenient
transmission line equation is the performance
location, often many kilometres from the
demands of broadband wireless data tech-
actual antenna/tower site. RFS’s RRH solution
nologies, such as worldwide interoperability
promises a great deal. The prospective savings in
for microwave access (WiMAX), high-speed
‘Fiber-to-the-tower-top’
with RFS remote radio
head
Radio Frequency Systems
unveils a ‘BTS to antenna’
fiber-optic solution that
promises new levels of
network planning flexibility
for high call-density in
inner urban areas.
network planning and site acquisition costs, plus
uplink packet access (HSUPA), 3G/long-term
Stéphane Klajzyngier
evolution (LTE) and so on. Quite simply, broadband
Radio Frequency Systems President
wireless data technologies are acutely sensitive
18 In Touch
RFS introduces transmission line
surcharge scheme
Paris, is the challenge of finding new base
On the one hand, we’ve seen wireless
tower top, it represents the wireless network’s
13 Regional Focus
Taiwan: an East Asian tiger
earns its stripes
volatile nature of global commodity markets.
great pride in being an innovator and leader in
active radio elements and the antenna at the
‘Fiber-to-the-tower-top’ with RFS
remote radio head
12 Wireless Solutions
Radio Frequency Systems has always taken
frequency (RF) link between the ground-based
11 RF Conditioning
Layout and Graphics:
inform Advertising, Hannover
Trademarks: CELLFLEX®, BDA®, FLEXWELL®,
MicroTenna™, Optimizer®, RADIAFLEX®, Radio
Frequency Systems®, RFS®, RFS CompactLine®,
SlimLine®, RGFLEX® and The Clear Choice™ are
trademarks, service marks or registered trademarks
of Radio Frequency Systems.
10
Adding choice to the transmission line mix
16
SlimLine on Swan Lake
Fourth edition of RFS Products calalog
Dr. Q’s noble prize!
US auctions spawn spectrum shuffle
As the USA re-allocates microwave backhaul
spectrum for 3G advanced wireless services,
incumbent carriers needing to relocate will
need flexible radio link solutions that can be
deployed quickly.
reduction in network roll-out times, are huge.
While carriers have expressed enthusiasm for
the new transmission line choices offered by
to signal-to-noise levels and, as a result, every
are often loaded very close to design tolerance.
RFS, it is clear that the greatest enthusiasm is not
decibel (dB) counts.
This has led RFS to explore alternative
for any single transmission line technology over
This has inspired the development of RFS’s
transmission line materials, and has resulted
another, but for choice itself. Carriers now
recently
Premium
in the exciting new CELLFLEX L-series: an
recognize that, in today’s fast-moving wireless
Attenuation transmission line—an entirely new
aluminum-outer/copper-inner transmission line.
market, what is most crucial is to have a mix of
selection of transmission line solutions that strips
Globally launched in mid-2006, CELLFLEX
transmission line technologies on hand.
dB losses from the ‘final link’, and adds this to
L-series promises to find wide application the
Quite simply, the provision of a rich mix of RF
performance at the tower top. The challenge for
world over—not just in emerging markets, but
solutions permits carriers to more precisely
any transmission line manufacturer addressing
wherever an alternative cost/performance ratio
optimize network performance and maximize
this ‘premium performance’ demand is to retain
and ultra-lightweight transmission solution
return on investment. Choice in the RF solution
the mechanical handling integrity of the trans-
might be needed. RFS is particularly proud of
is vital to our customer’s business case, and RFS
mission line, while still achieving significant
CELLFLEX L-series: one of the lightest foam-
is committed to providing and extending this
line-loss reductions. It is about striking the
dielectric coaxial transmission line solutions on
choice.
optimal balance—that balance is CELLFLEX ‘A’
the market today.
Premium Attenuation.
By far the most relentless pressure and cost
Another important factor is the changing needs
associated with wireless networks in the major
of the global wireless market, coupled with the
city centres such as New York, London and
launched
CELLFLEX
‘A’
3
R F S i n - l i n e d i p l e x e rs
offer flexibility-plus
Double cell size with 1800- MHz booster
To support new 1800-MHz global system for
The IP66 enclosure-rated RFS 1800-MHz booster
on the market with an integrated bias-T. This
mobile communications (GSM) deployments,
operates at 40 watts, weighs just 16 kilograms,
permits the coaxial cable to transmit DC power
Radio Frequency Systems has developed a compact
and is the most compact unit of this power-
to the booster, streamlining installation by
and
booster
rating available. It also features selectable gain
eliminating the need for a separate power line.
A new in-line variant of Radio Frequency
(BTM184515S) with high power output. Ideal
in both uplink and downlink, which facilitates
A single PDU can support two boosters for dual-
Systems’ FDGW diplexer series is now available,
for extending cell coverage in regions with low
cell optimization and optimizes handover. “By
carrier systems, plus monitor their performance
offering enhanced flexibility in US personal
subscriber density—such as major roads, coast-
amplifying the signal on both uplink and
and activate external base station alarms if
communications services (PCS 1900-MHz)/
lines and rural areas—the new booster provides
downlink, signal strength and cell coverage
required. Also available from RFS is a booster for
Cellular (800-MHz) band network overlays. The
46-dBm output power, which compensates for
are dramatically improved,” said Wille. “This
GSM 900-MHz applications (BTM904515S).
new ‘in-line’ variant of the popular FDGW
system loss and doubles the size of the cell.
means better quality of service and fewer
diplexer series features low- and high-frequency
“With this booster, there’s ‘no loss, only gain’,”
dropped calls.”
ports positioned on one side, and the dual-band
said Erik Wille, RFS Area Product Manager for RF
Designed for tower-mounting to achieve
port on the other—all in a rugged IP67-rated
conditioning. “It will suit those carriers with
optimum performance, the booster is used
lightweight
tower-mounted
in conjunction with a power
new 1800-MHz licenses in places
distribution
such as Africa, the Middle
unit
(PDU)
located in the
East, Russia, Eastern Europe
and Brazil, where there are
base
large open spaces to cover. By
cabinet. Along
station
using boosters, carriers can
with the booster,
deploy fewer base stations, so
the
RFS
Penetrator takes
on 700-MHz
public-safety
radio
housing.
Developed in response to the needs of a North
American ‘Tier 1’ carrier, this practical design
adaptation supports feeder cable sharing
in dual-band ‘806- to 960-MHz/1710- to
2170-MHz’ systems. The in-line diplexer’s
unique polymer coated housing achieves an
PDU
IP67 enclosure rating, making it ideal for outdoor
ultimately there’s a huge cost-saving
(PDU48400D) is
The new Penetrator BPS10 series
use in any climate. Weighing 1.3 kilograms, it is
involved.”
the only system
offers all the benefits of Radio
ideally suited for pole-mounting.
Frequency Systems’ popular Penetrator
range in an antenna supporting the
4
WHAT’S NEW
The RFS power distribution unit (PDU48400D)
increasingly-important
700
WHAT’S NEW
MHz
public-safety radio frequency band.
With a frequency range of 746 to
W 4 A ‘ Wi M A X - re a d y ’
adaptive antenna series
806 MHz, the Penetrator BPS10
One of the world’s first ‘WiMAX-ready’ adaptive
demand increases and greater network capacity
This ensures optimal signal coverage
antenna systems has been unveiled by Radio
is required. The new W4A series WiMAX
both close to and distant from the
Radio Frequency Systems’ new CELL-Tape
CELL-Tape attaches easily where needed—
Frequency Systems. Specially designed to meet
adaptive antenna system specifically addresses
base station.
weather sealant and marking tape is an innovative
without leaving residue—and can be cut-away
the exacting needs of emerging IEEE 802.16
these challenges, by providing the precision
By leveraging the Penetrator’s unique,
alternative to traditional butyl rubber
worldwide
interoperability
high gain (12.14 to 16.44 dBi,
depending on selected beam pattern
and tilt) coupled with heavy null fill.
C E L L - Ta p e — a c o l o r f u l s o l u t i o n
to a sticky situation
cleanly from cables and junctions when
making repairs. Available in six
microwave
beam-pattern shaping required to dynamically
patented dipole configuration, the
sealant tapes. CELL-Tape is made
access (WiMAX) broadband wireless data
support the evolving needs of the WiMAX
BPS10
of self-adhesive silicone that
networks, the new RFS W4A series antenna
network.”
selection of four unique horizontal
fuses firmly to produce
system features precision beam-pattern shaping.
Available in 2.5 and 3.5-GHz models (W4A25-
beam
UV-protected air- and
top cable installations,
The new adaptive antenna—which is part of a
90ANV and W4A35-90ANV), the heart of each
(360
water-tight bonds—all
making it easier to
broad and growing WiMAX suite of solutions
W4A series adaptive antenna system is a
‘peanut’ pattern, 120 degrees, and
via an ‘easy-on/easy-off’
locate
from RFS—provides network managers with
four-element antenna array. Flexible beam-
220 degrees, allowing the network
mess-free application.
monitoring and repair
a powerful tool to ensure optimal data
pattern tailoring is achieved by applying phase
planner to optimize coverage of the
With six color options
purposes.
throughput and a reduction in overall cell-to-cell
and amplitude modulation to each element. As
target area and reduce the total
for
interference across the WiMAX network.
a result, the shape of the beam-pattern can be
base station count.
cable
“WiMAX technology promises us a new era in
modified in response to changing subscriber
Measuring 4.26 meters (14 feet) tall,
CELL-Tape can elongate
broadband wireless connectivity across fixed,
traffic and interference sources, or as part of a
the
three
nomadic and, eventually, mobile platforms,”
longer-term strategy to ensure optimal data
fiberglass and aluminum construction
stretching tight budgets as
said RFS WiMAX Business Development Director,
throughput, spectrum use or network capacity.
has a rated wind speed of 160 km/h
well as delivering tight protection
Martial
for the life of the connection.
Guillaume.
“It
for
antenna series provides extremely
also
poses
can
be
provided
patterns:
degrees),
Penetrator
in
a
omni-directional
bi-directional
BPS10’s
or
robust
easy
colors, CELL-Tape can be
used to color-code tower
Able
tower-top
to
for
withstand
temperatures from -54
identification,
hundred
cables
to 260 degrees Celsius
(-60
percent,
to
500
degrees
Fahrenheit) and appropriate
for applications up to 12,000
Volts, CELL-Tape ensures air- and water-
new
Commercial launch of the new RFS W4A series
(100
challenges on the network management and
WiMAX antenna is planned for the second
Penetrator’s proven ‘site tough’
Used as redundant protection in combination
tight bonds are easy to apply, easy to identify
RF fronts—most particularly as subscriber
half of 2006.
track record.
with
and easy to repair.
mph),
underscoring
the
RFS’s
RAPID
FIT
cable
connectors,
5
CELLFLEX L-series
— w o r l d ’s f i rs t
corrugated aluminum
t ra n s m i s s i o n l i n e
6
RFS’s involvement in a landmark 2004 DTV
project co-developed with consultant S. Merrill
Weiss at the Mt Wilson broadcast site in Los
Angeles. Here, RFS and Weiss designed and
realized an impressive four-broadcaster/sevenchannel shared broadcast facility.
A visit to the RFS broadcast center of excellence
in Melbourne, Australia, in June 2005 confirmed
Radio Frequency Systems has expanded its
return-loss and intermodulation performance.
to TV Globo what the Mt Wilson project had
range of transmission line solutions with the
“The electrical performance of CELLFLEX L-series
led it to believe. “RFS is able to offer the best
release of CELLFLEX LIGHT (CELLFLEX L-series)—
is superior to some copper transmission cables
solution to meet our requirements,” said TV
a foam-dielectric corrugated coaxial cable with
offered by our competitors,” he said.
Globo’s Engineering Manager, Carlos Fini. “They
an aluminum outer conducter and a copper inner
The introduction of CELLFLEX L-series offers
are technically a very advanced company.”
conductor. CELLFLEX L-series offers an alternative
wireless carriers a long-awaited alternative to
price point and performance combination for
copper transmission line. Owing to the continued
Demonstrated strengths
establishing the base station to antenna RF link,
increase in raw material costs—particularly
According to RFS Vice President Broadcast and
and represents a world-first in transmission
copper—CELLFLEX L-series represents a cost
Defense Systems, Mike Dallimore, the TV Globo
line technology.
effective alternative to copper transmission
project demonstrates RFS’s specific strengths.
Developed at RFS headquarters in Hannover,
lines. “CELLFLEX L-series addresses this growing
Germany, and manufactured in select locations
market concern,” said Behrens. “With aluminum
around the world, CELLFLEX L-series is available
sharing similar electrical, mechanical and RF
“While RFS has circularly polarized antennas in
RFS’s 611CP VHF
bands II and III, we had not manufactured such
based on RFS’s popular ‘RAPID FIT 2’ design
circularly polarized
an antenna in band I,” Dallimore said. “Being able
to address such situations is what sets RFS apart.
Our team of skilled broadcast professionals,
now and offered in a 7/8-inch diameter size. Its
properties to copper, RFS has been able to develop
provide users with familiar connection technology,
Band I VHF antenna,
robust construction and advanced electrical
an RF transmission line that provides a new
enabling trouble-free installation and operation.
which was purpose-built
combination of performance and affordability.”
The development of additional CELLFLEX L-series
for TV Globo’s new
CELLFLEX L-series offers a light-weight solution
cable sizes is also anticipated, and will
São Paulo HQ site.
to assist the rapid roll-out of wireless network
complement RFS’s already-comprehensive array
infrastructure. “With the rate of wireless network
of transmission line products.
WHAT’S NEW
COVER STORY
deployment at an all-time high, network
RFS continues to lead the RF transmission
performance herald CELLFLEX L-series as the next
providers in certain markets are continuingly
revolution by addressing evolving global market
backed by arguably the world’s most advanced
generation in RF transmission development.
looking for alternative ways of delivering
requirements with cutting-edge technologies.
interactive computer modeling and development
According to VP Global Product Management
quality mobile services and coverage to users,”
“Despite wireless infrastructure being at varying
system, allows us to swiftly realize effective
Transmission Lines, Siegfried Behrens, the
said Behrens.
stages of development throughout the world,
introduction of CELLFLEX L-series reinforces
Complementing RFS’s broad suite of transmission
RFS continually endeavors to provide universal
RFS’s industry-leading position. “CELLFLEX LIGHT
line products, CELLFLEX L-series offers user-
solutions,” said Behrens. “CELLFLEX L-series
complements RFS’s existing CELLFLEX, and
friendly compatibility with RFS’s existing range of
represents
a
truly
global
CELLFLEX ‘A’ Premium Attenuation copper
grounding kits and clamps, as well as trimming
complements
RFS’s
existing
transmission lines and presents users with an
and preparation tools. Redesigned connectors
transmission line technologies.”
solution
and
palette
of
CELLFLEX L-series provides increased transmission
line choice and flexibility,” said Behrens.
Weighing only 330 g/m (3.5 oz/ft), CELLFLEX
CELLFLEX LIGHT—at a glance
When:
Where:
TV Globo, Brazil’s leading television group, has
VHF antenna. This all-new circularly polarized
enlisted Radio Frequency Systems to provide a
Band I VHF antenna provides unrivaled pattern
tailored VHF broadcast antenna solution, along
circularity and premium voltage standing wave
with UHF infrastructure to meet the needs of
ratio (VSWR) performance—all in a corrosion-
future digital television services, for its premier
resistant pole-mounted structure.
L-series offers a 34-percent reduction in weight
when compared with CELLFLEX ‘A’, making it
easy to transport, handle and install. Behrens,
explained: “CELLFLEX L-series is the world’s first
Attenuation:
CELLFLEX L-series feeder cable in 7/8-inch diameter plus
associated connectors, are now available globally.
CELLFLEX L-series boasts an attenuation of less than
6.25 dB/100m @ 2 GHz.
today. Its light-weight design coupled with its
single and multiple bending-radius capabilities,
offers return loss performance equal to that of CELLFLEX ‘A’.
lightest RF transmission cable on the market
allow fast installation and make it ideal for
congested tower-top applications.”
According to Behrens, CELLFLEX L-series has
been optimized to deliver world-class attenuation,
Intermodulation (IM)
performance:
we may not have an immediate off-the-shelf
solution.”
With factory acceptance testing successfully
completed in late February 2006, the new VHF
is expected to be fully operational in the latter
half of 2006.
CELLFLEX L-series launched in mid-2006
Connector size and range: DIN 7-16 male and female
Jacket options:
UV-resistant polyethylene (JL) or flame-retardant jackets (JFNL)
Return loss (VSWR):
CELLFLEX L-series and RAPID FIT L-series connector pair
corrugated aluminum transmission line and
solutions such as this—even in areas where
antenna arrived in São Paulo in April 2006, and
One of the world’s largest broadcast groups—TV Globo—opts for a complete
tailored VHF and UHF antenna solution from Radio Frequency Systems for its new
São Paulo headquarters.
additional transmission line option. Retaining
the superior mechanical performance of CELLFLEX,
Ta i l o re d a n t e n n a s o l u t i o n
f o r T V G l o b o S ã o Pa u l o
São Paulo market. The new antenna is a key
element in a major relocation for TV Globo: one
Global choice
that will see its current Mt Jaraguá broadcast
Selected from a global field of contenders,
facility moved to a brand new multi-story facility
RFS impressed TV Globo with its engineering
TV Globo’s Engineering Manager, Carlos Fini (center),
in the financial sector’s Alameda Santos.
excellence, advanced computer design and
inspects the new TV Globo 611CP VHF circularly polarized
The CELLFLEX L-series cable and connector pair exhibits
The RFS solution is founded on a VHF antenna
modeling facilities, and proven broadcast-sector
Band I VHF antenna. He is accompanied by RFS Area
consistently low and stable IM levels.
specifically developed for the new TV Globo
RF expertise. TV Globo first became aware of
Product Manager, Verônica Cuchnir (left), and RFS Vice
Alameda Santos site—the purpose-built 611CP
RFS’s broadcast system expertise as a result of
President Broadcast and Defense Systems, Mike Dallimore.
7
»
The line between fixed and
mobile services is becoming
increasingly blurred. What is RFS’s
view on this convergence of fixed and
mobile services?
R F S m e e t s t h e p re s s
Radio Frequency Systems’ involvement
at the forefront of today’s mobile
communications
and
broadcast
industries means that a high level
of media interest simply ‘comes with
the territory’.
«
many more. Rather than merely offering
We specialize in broadband multi-channel
we’re actively exploring and investing R&D
technology elements, RFS addresses these issues
broadcast systems, customized according to
resources in this area. The RFS W4A adaptive
from a total solutions standpoint, bringing our
specific
existing
antenna system for WiMAX that you see on
cumulative RF knowledge and experience to
infrastructure and future capacity. In digital
display here is a prime example. Here, within a
every individual situation and delivering a
broadcasting we offer world-leading channel
compact form-factor, the W4A offers advanced
bespoke end-to-end solution.
combining and filtering technologies, flexible
beam
air-dielectric transmission lines, RF switching
and
frames, digital monitoring systems and a range
signal-to-noise factor.
of antenna options, including tailored panel
Similarly, at the Nortel booth you can see the
arrays. A full solutions package.
new multi-beam adaptive antenna beam
services. While today’s conventional narrow-
It is true that, in many parts of the world,
band wireless LAN (WLAN) infrastructure may
mobile subscriptions are out-numbering
suffice for simple single-purpose applications,
fixed-line services—especially in countries lacking
the genuinely future-proof in-building solution
full and reliable landline infrastructure. In
will match tomorrow’s handset functionality.
countries such as India, for example, it is
Wireless infrastructure will need to support
actually cheaper to address the telephony
the entire spectrum of in-building wireless
roll-out challenge with wireless technologies.
As a technology innovator with a unique
applications, right up to emerging worldwide
Aware of the economic and functional
communications perspective, RFS booths at
interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX)
advantages of wireless, many fixed-line carriers
platforms—notably ‘digital video broadcast-
major trade fairs always attract a stream of
applications. Our in-building wireless solutions
are moving into mobile. They realize that
handheld’ (DVB-H)—are undoubtedly a hot
editors and staff writers. At 3GSM Barcelona,
are truly broadband and indeed ‘WiMAX-
technologies such as wireless fidelity (WiFi),
topic in 2006. But it’s still unclear as to whether
Telexpo São Paulo, SVYAZ-Expocomm Moscow,
ready’,
global
WiMAX, and VoIP over UMA, offer their existing
DVB-H will be dominated by broadcasters or by
and CTIA Wireless Las Vegas, RFS was quizzed
system for mobile communications (GSM) 900,
subscriber base some level of mobility, and also
the mobile telecommunication industry. Possibly,
on emerging technologies and asked its opinion
GSM 1800 and WLAN plus ‘VoIP on UMA’ and
present an attractive, competitive option for
these industries are headed towards some form
on various media ‘hot topics’. STAY CONNECTED
WiMAX—seamlessly.
wireless-based service subscribers.
of convergence or cooperation. There is a wide
supporting
contemporary
»
Care to comment on mobile
television—will it be the domain
of broadcasters or mobile
network operators?
«
The
fast-developing
mobile
television
shares some of these interview dialog from
coverage
requirements,
forming
maximize
to
minimize
coverage,
interference
capacity
and
selection (AABS) planar phased array. A joint
»
RFS/Nortel development, the AABS is the first
You have featured adaptive
antenna systems (AAS) at the RFS
booth. Do you think we’ll be seeing
increasing use of ‘smart’ and
‘semi-smart’ antennas in
conventional wireless networks?
«
of what we believe will be a revolution in
smart antenna technologies, tailored for the
more demanding high call-density urban
applications. And you can expect to see more
innovative and exciting base station antenna
solutions of this ilk from RFS in the very
near future.
We get asked this a lot by the press, which
has devoted considerable column inches to
the ‘smart antenna’ concept since it first
around the globe.
8
VIEWPOINT
9
»
Voice over Internet protocol
(VoIP) and ‘VoIP over unlicensed
mobile access (UMA)’ have
particular relevance to the
corporate sector. Where does
RFS fit in with the deployment
of these technologies?
«
First, it should be clear that many of these
applications will be in-building—an area
»
What do you say to concerns
about Quality of Service (QoS) and
security in UMAs?
«
Similarly, the high data throughput offered by
variety of proposed distribution or delivery
emerged some four or five years ago. However,
emerging 3G and 3.5G broadband wireless
models; some based on a cellular base station
the real-world development path hasn’t been
permits
wireless
«
where we offer great expertise and superior
Security is largely a software/encoding
technologies
to
model, others on central broadcast sites
quite as fast-paced as media and marketing
total application solutions. From an RF coverage
challenge and outside our realm. But QoS,
challenge the wired world’s conventional
supported by translator sites (similar to digital
hype might suggest. The reality is that realizing
perspective, in-building environments present
on the other hand, is of primary importance in
broadband wired solutions, such as digital
terrestrial television or DTT).
a truly cost-effective ‘smart antenna’ solution for
unique challenges. The aim is for ubiquitous
any wireless indoor solution (WINS). UMAs are
subscriber line (DSL)-based systems and fiber.
We believe technology isn’t the issue here—all
global wireless networks has proven an R&D
next stage in the evolution of the wireless
coverage across the enterprise, so that users
just that—unlicensed and largely unregulated—
‘Data over the air’ is now a reality.
the models proposed are more or less proven and
challenge. This is particularly so for voice-centric
antenna system—a logical evolution in which
experience true high-speed data transferences
so there is the potential for co-channel interference
viable technically. At the end of the day, it will
2G and 2.5G networks such as GSM or Code
RFS has played a central role since the birth of
in every corner of the building, campus or
from other close-proximity users within the
be a case of which delivery model(s) proves most
Division Multiple Access (CDMA).
wireless telephony in the early seventies. This
wherever. Location-to-location transition should
UMA band. With UMAs largely in the lower
economic—something that could well be decided
But, as the wireless sector moves further into the
is what RFS is all about—the development
have no discernible impact on this end-user
microwave bands, attenuation within the
on a case-by-case, region-by-region basis.
realm of high-speed data, we believe that a
of innovative and tailored end-to-end RF
experience.
in-building environment (walls, windows, ceiling
What is clear is that appropriate and complete
real business case can be made for more
solutions that are genuinely cost-effective and
The RF coverage solution should also be
material and so on) is certainly more challenging
Well, for starters, in a merged market, the
end-to-end broadband RF solutions will be
advanced
performance-driven.
genuinely broadband. The centerpiece of near-
and, unchecked, can impact on QoS. At RFS, we
wired/wireless QoS must be equivalent—
essential, regardless of the distribution model
antenna solutions. It’s important to understand
future in-building wireless will be multi-mode
meet these challenges by drawing on both passive
and ever-improving! And there are other
adopted. RFS is already working closely with
that what we’re talking about here is true next-
handsets that seamlessly support a range of
and active in-building technologies, tailoring
challenges—interference,
reliability,
broadcasters the world over in early trials and
generation advanced antenna technologies. In
second-generation (2G), 2.5G, 3G and 3.5G
in-building RF coverage for an optimal outcome.
average revenue per unit (ARPU) issues and
roll-outs of both mobile and fixed digital television.
co-operation with global OEMs and carriers,
»
carriers
»
Is this the way of the future for
cellular base station antennas in the
wireless sector?
How does this impact
RF infrastructure?
«
system
high-performance
base
station
What we are witnessing is, indeed, the
Wi M A X R F — c e l l - b y - c e l l
‘Fiber-to-the-tower-top’
with RFS remote radio head
As WiMAX evolves into its mobile variant, carriers the world over are welcoming
this important new technology. STAY CONNECTED explores the RF issues that
will ultimately define WiMAX.
10
Radio Frequency Systems unveils a ‘BTS to antenna’ fiber-optic solution that
promises new levels of network planning flexibility for high call-density in inner
urban areas.
There is no denying the hype and excitement
requirements,” he says. “This will mean that
multiple arrays, and full MIMO/beam forming. In
surrounding the worldwide interoperability for
WiMAX filters will need to be tailored to suit the
conjunction with OEMs and carriers, RFS is
microwave access (WiMAX) broadband wireless
unique frequencies, channel bandwidths, and so
developing a WiMAX antenna suite with
At this year’s CTIA Wireless exhibition in
President Product Management RF Conditioning.
technology. Strongly standards-based (and
on, of each region.” RFS is currently working
offerings that cover all variants at the major
Las Vegas, USA, Radio Frequency Systems
“OBSAI-compatibility ensures that our RRH
policed by industry body, the WiMAX Forum),
with OEMs and carriers in both Europe and
WiMAX frequencies.”
demonstrated a remote radio head (RRH) unit
solution will easily be modified to support
WiMAX is predicted to satisfy a wide range of
North America to develop a range of WiMAX
applications that can currently only be supported
filters—classic cavity filters, ceramic or hybrids—
WINs and QoS
fastest bit-rate of any ‘fiber-
by wired or fibered broadband connections.
to meet these unique needs. “RFS is already
A significant market sector for WiMAX will
to-the-tower-top’ solution to
A cell-based technology, WiMAX in its fixed/
well-practised in addressing such situations
inevitably be in the in-building (wireless indoor
portable variant operates over cells of three to
with OEMs and operators,” Addra says.
solutions (WINs)) domain, where RFS is actively
10 kilometres (two to nine miles) radii and
The service’s elevated frequency, coupled with
involved. “There are a number of elements in
supports capacities of up to 40 Mbps per
the addition of ‘multiple input/multiple
channel. Ratified in late-2005, the mobile
output’ (MIMO) functionality
variant (IEEE 802.16e) is expected to achieve
to the latest version of the
around 15 Mbps in cells up to three kilometers
WiMAX standard, have
(two miles) in diameter. The technology still
inspired some powerful
faces many challenges: the incompatibility
base station antenna
that is believed to exhibit the
play in the WiMAX WINs arena,”
says Addra. “There is no
the
»
Reliability will be the vital
ingredient in realizing the true
date. Compatible with the
benefits of any RRH solution
open base station architecture
...our design efforts are tightly
initiative (OBSAI) RP3-01
focussed [here].
interface
definition,
«
the
widest
range
of
third-generation (3G) and
3.5G wireless technologies,
including worldwide interoperability
access
for
microwave
(WiMAX).”
predicted
that
It
is
emerging
WiMAX broadband wireless
landmark RFS development
WiMAX
underpins important new wireless network
data networks will have specific needs for such
transmit
deployment and management strategies.
active tower-top solutions—particularly in the
diversity and MIMO
By leveraging the bandwidth and flexibility of
early stages of network deployment in dense
functionality—
fiber-optic technologies, the RFS RRH system
inner-city areas.
denying
that
mobile’s
WiMAX
RF CONDITIONING
permits base transmitter station (BTS) to antenna
AISG and OBSAI compatible
between the new mobile standard and its fixed
evolutions. The
predecessor; complexities (and controversy)
reduced wavelength
surrounding allocated spectrum in North
of WiMAX (deployed at
America and Europe; and the long road ahead
2.3, 2.5 or 3.5 GHz) allows
to full commercialization.
antenna diversity (‘transmit
Radio Frequency Systems Chief Technology
diversity’) to be incorporated within
network to provide better indoor
the RFS RRH fiber-optic link
Officer, Modeste Addra, points out that WiMAX
the WiMAX handset. “Currently, OEMs are
coverage. Conversely, the higher frequencies
offers ongoing opex savings,
carriers actually face similar network planning
applying receive diversity in the base transmitter
of WiMAX mean it suffers far greater signal
challenges to those presented by conventional
stations, but the latest-version WiMAX mobile/
attenuation, due to walls and building material.
second-generation (2G) and 3G mobile networks.
MIMO
We need to understand the final outcome here,
“Cell sizes will vary according to the subscriber
diversity,” Addra explains.
and the prospective business case for the
density,” Addra says. “We will see large cells,
Terminal-side diversity will reduce interference
wireless indoor solutions (WINs) coverage.”
micro-cells and pico-cells. This will be driven by
and allow carriers to increase the coverage
The indoor and outdoor WiMAX coverage issues
capacity versus coverage issues.”
achieved. In addition, the MIMO and beam-
are, according to Addra, inextricably linked—a
throughput capacity ensures
forming base station antennas will permit
multi-variable situation that needs to be
that the RFS RRH is well-placed to support
and clock synchronization can be handled
Filters, beam-forming and MIMO
powerful beam forming, targeting the coverage
understood before it is addressed. “RFS is
powerful RRH networking topologies, such as
onboard the unit.
The key RF challenges Addra cites in the
where it is most required and creating nulls
currently conducting a range of WiMAX feasibility
‘daisy chain’, ‘ring’ and ‘tree-and-branch’.
“As is the case with any outdoor base station
WiMAX roll-out will be issues surrounding RF
where
detected.
studies in this area to better understand the
The RFS RRH is believed to be one of the world’s
technology, we are firmly convinced that
filtering and base station antenna requirements.
“Interestingly, MIMO functionality is being
impact of outdoor on indoor. Like all things in
first to be fully compatible with the OBSAI RP3-01
reliability will be the vital ingredient in realizing
From the filtering perspective, the complexity of
incorporated into the third-generation partnership
broadband wireless, the central issue will be
interface definition. OBSAI is an organization of
the true benefits of any RRH solution,”
what Addra describes as “the broad radio
project’s (3GPP) next evolutionary stage—3G-LTE
quality of service (QoS). Carrier market share in
leading base station vendors, module and
Doll said. “To this end, our design efforts
panorama” of WiMAX sets interesting challenges.
so this issue is very important,” Addra says.
WiMAX broadband wireless data will be
component manufacturers, which aims to establish
are tightly focused on achieving premium
“For example, the ruling spectrum bodies in
“We find that WiMAX carriers want a mix of
strongly impacted by QoS. Our prime focus is
a more open base station market, by creating a set
RRH reliability, along with optimal link bit-rate
Europe (European Economic Community (ECC))
different antenna types: conventional single-
there, right now.”
of open specifications for base station architecture.
and power efficiency.” Commercial launch
and North America (Federal Communications
polarized (single array), cross-polarized single
“We are delighted to have achieved this
of the new RFS RRH system is planned
Commission (FCC)) are stipulating different
array sector antennas, beam forming with
important milestone,” said André Doll, RFS Vice
for 2007.
standard
coupled with new
separation distances of up to 15 kilometers
The robust and weatherproof RFS RRH unit
(10 miles). This allows the BTS to be located in
provides a digital interface to the BTS, plus
(macro and micro/pico)
more easily acquired sites, remote from the mast
modulation/demodulation and amplification
—will permit the outdoor
and radio head/antenna assembly. In addition,
of both transmit and receive RF signals. In
technologies
introduces
interference
like
remote radio head
might
terminal-side
be
addition, all antenna interface
»
OBSAI-compatibility
ensures [the RFS] RRH solution
loss-free ‘BTS-to-tower top’
will be easily modified to
fiber link.
support the widest range
of 3G and 3.5G wireless
3-Gbps plus
technologies...
courtesy
of
the
almost
The unit’s ‘3-Gbps plus’ total
«
standards
group
(AISG)-
compliant antenna control
and monitoring functionality
is supported via the RFS RRH
and the fiber link. All essential
data
channel
and
de-serialization,
serialization
data
buffering, redundancy coding
11
Nortel/RFS multi-beam ‘smart’
a n t e n n a c o l l a b o ra t i o n
Ta i w a n : a n E a s t A s i a n
tiger earns its stripes
A Nortel/RFS joint-venture development has produced a multi-beam ‘smart’
antenna that achieves a two-fold increase in IS-95 voice capacity, when
compared with conventional single-beam sector antennas.
Taiwan’s ‘economic miracle’ belies its brief 60-year existence.
Now offering a genuine broadband mobile communications
environment, this mature wireless market serves as a ‘must
watch’ model for the rest of the world.
At the CTIA Wireless exhibition held in Las Vegas
Development Group (CDG) Service Operator
in April this year, leading communications
Requirements for Smart Antenna Technology.
technology and infrastructure vendor, Nortel,
The multi-beam antenna solution has been
Towering over the Manhattan-style ‘skyscape’ of
Although
exhibited a multi-beam ‘smart’ antenna solution
precision-developed by RFS to meet Nortel’s
Taipei, the world’s tallest building—Taipei 101—
telephone services had existed
specifically designed to meet the needs of
exacting performance specifications. Along with
is symbolic of Taiwan’s push to reach new
in Taiwan since 1989, by
next-generation
communications
achieving the required individual beam widths,
economic heights in a future founded upon
1994,
services (PCS) 1900-MHz networks. The antenna
beam shapes and ‘crossovers’, electrical downtilts
azimuthal side-lobe levels, elevation beamwidths
foresight: the foresight to rapidly adopt,
saturated and stagnating with
—a
beam
and gains, the antenna has been designed to ensure
and electrical downtilts that most accurately
assimilate, and take advantage of emergent
just half a million subscribers.
selection (AABS) planar phased array, has
premium beam-to-beam isolation, return loss and
match those of conventional sector antennas.
technologies.
Chunghwa Telecom (then the
been developed in conjunction with Radio
minimal passive intermodulation distortion.
“We are delighted to work with Nortel in this
Taiwan’s overall economic development has
DGT) consequently launched a
Frequency Systems.
personal
multi-beam
adaptive
antenna
The Nortel/RFS multi-beam antenna
analog
the
mobile
network
was
“This solution enables valuable spectrum to be used
important development for next-generation
been closely linked to the liberalization of
new digital Global System for
multi-beam
in a highly-efficient manner,” said Doug Wolff,
CDMA networks,” said Curtis Cadrain, RFS
its
Mobile communication (GSM)
antenna produces four precision beams—
general manager, CDMA Nortel. “By creating
Global Key Account Manager. “The Nortel
privatization and foreign investment has seen
narrow left, center and right lobes, plus a
efficiencies with adaptive antenna technology,
AABS solution is truly state-of-the-art. We believe
the island’s communications networks evolve
full-sector beam (see Figure 1). The AABS system’s
operators can support network capacities that
from analog Advanced Mobile Phone Service
Taipei 101 towers over
advanced array signal processing and adaptive
were not previously possible.”
(AMPS), all the way to the third-generation (3G)
the capital’s high-rise skyline.
The
co-developed
Nortel/RFS
telecommunications
sector.
Increased
networks that have just commenced operation.
Today, with a population of almost 23 million,
12
WIRELESS SOLUTIONS
AABS
SMART
BTS
beam algorithm directs and distributes RF energy
REGIONAL FOCUS
Taiwan boasts one of the world’s highest
wireless telephony penetration—110 percent—
compared to a fixed-line subscription rate of
just 60 percent. This figure is not only reflective
900-MHz network in 1995. The AMPS network
communication (GSM) network operation,
of Taiwan’s largely inaccessible mountainous
was phased out in 2001.
operating in two bands: 900 MHz and 1800 MHz.
four beams are used to receive signals.) This
Figure 1:
terrain, but also of a citizenry that is constantly
It was liberalization that opened the door to
These licenses were secured by: Chunghwa
‘smart‘ base transmitter station (BTS) also
Schematic illustration of
on the go, twenty-four/seven. This year’s IDC
network development capable of supporting
Telecom, Taiwan Mobile, (FET), KG Telecom,
simultaneously suppresses interference signals
the multi-beam adaptive
Information Society Index rates Taiwan as having
today’s ‘world record’ mobile subscriber levels.
MoBiTai, TransAsia Telecom and Tuntex Telecom.
and takes advantage of the signal path diversity
antenna beam selection
the world’s highest wireless Internet penetration
In 1997, the MoTC awarded eight whole-island
Since that time, there has been significant
inherent in the multi-beam system. As a result, the
(AABS) planar phased array
rate and third-best overall information structure.
licenses
contraction, resulting not only in several
across three of the four fixed beams (while all
complete AABS system delivers a more spectrally
RFS has enjoyed an active participation in the
efficient solution, while allowing more voice and
wireless and broadcast infrastructure development
data traffic within existing spectrum.
the
of Taiwan, where its busy Taipei sales office
optimal choice for Nortel
has been operating since 2003. In support of the
that
Designed to seamlessly integrate into the Nortel
Taiwanese government’s staunch commitment
Successfully
to ‘ubiquitous wireless connectivity’, RFS continues
developing and integrating
to advise, tender and supply RF solutions to the
in
this
venture.
to IS-95, CDMA2000 1X, and CDMA 1x
‘evolution data only’ (EV-DO) air interfaces.
was
cooperative
code division multiple access (CDMA) Metro Cell
platform, the Nortel AABS solution is applicable
RFS
the
precision
multi-beam
country’s OEMs and key stakeholders.
AABS planar phased
array (c/w beam former)
and
The first steps towards the liberalization of
smart BTS subsystems into an
Taiwan’s telecommunications sector kicked off
system
from the 1996 Telecommunications Act, which
conducted at a number of Florida PCS CDMA
Tailored RF performance
demanded a very special relationship
separated the operational and regulatory functions
sites over the past three years have demonstrated
Importantly,
between unique technology groups.
of the Directorate General of Telecommunications
a two-fold increase in IS-95 voice capacity when
tailored the antenna’s performance to ensure
The relationship between Nortel and RFS—and
(DGT). As a result, the state-run Chunghwa Telecom
compared with conventional single-beam sector
minimal
new
the nature of the two companies themselves
was established to provide telecommunications
antennas. In addition, the AABS demands no
multi-beam
conventional
—has demonstrated the essential high level of
services in a (fiercely!) competitive environment,
change of standards or mobile terminals to
full-sector
located
partnering, shared knowledge and global
while the DGT’s regulatory responsibilities fell
achieve these capacity increase benefits. Nortel
elsewhere in the network. To achieve this, great
expertise necessary for such a landmark
under the auspices of the Ministry of Transport
AABS smart antenna solution conforms to CDMA
attention has been spent on achieving antenna
development.”
and Communications (MoTC).
Florida trials
antenna,
efficient
System trials of the Nortel multi-beam technology
RFS
and
interference
Nortel
between
antennas
(single-beam)
and
have
the
antennas
beamformer
operational
for
Global
System
for
Mobile
Traffic is chaotic in Taipei metropolis.
13
Taipei
Chi-lung
mergers and acquisitions, but new players
4000 base stations, with almost no site sharing.
have also come onto the field.
Now, to deliver 3G services, each operator
Five years later, in February 2002, just five 3G
will require 1000 to 1200 new sites to
wireless licenses were auctioned in two spectral
optimize coverage,” says Wu.
bands: 800 MHz code division multiple access
“Each 2G site is being shared by
(CDMA) 1x, and 2100-MHz wideband code
two or three 3G providers
division multiple access (WCDMA). Far from
and, of course, minimizing
watching from the sidelines, RFS’s expertise was
costs of additional cabling
called into play as the company worked with
is a critical factor. RFS is an
have injected US$34 million into WiMAX-related
OEMs and the Taiwanese government in
important
R&D by the end of this year.
finalizing 3G spectrum allocation to ensure
GSM/CDMA diplexers for
On the mobile TV front, Taiwan is displaying
minimal 2G/3G interference.
feeder sharing to these
similar forward vision. In an ‘Asia first’ in July
By 2006, three of the five 3G license holders
sites—potentially
some
2005, a new channel, tailor-made for mobile
dominate the market: Chunghwa Telecom,
18,000 sets throughout
reception on Kao-hsiung bus services, was trialed
Taiwan Cellular Corporation (TCC), and FarEas
Taiwan. In a current trial
Tone (FET). Planning to make its move into 3.5G
project with FET, for exam-
by making Taiwan the world’s largest testing
ple, some 120 diplexer sets
ground for worldwide interoperability for
have already been installed,
microwave access (WiMAX) technology, the
government will auction four WiMAX licenses by
supplier
urban areas like Taipei with wireless Internet
Su-ao
access, but also to tie these networks together
with mobile services in an M-Taiwan initiative
called ‘Internet Beyond 3G’. To further spur the
T’ai-chung
development
Chang-hua
of
popular
applications
for
broadband Internet users, the government will
Hua-lien
of
successfully. Again, the government is providing
Traditional Chinese architecture is still evident across the island.
T’ai-nan
financial assistance for developing digital
Even more ground-breaking is a project
13 new DTV antenna systems installed in Taiwan,
content and advanced handheld devices.
underway for Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)
including the pilot station.
“Taiwanese people—especially the younger
with more in the pipeline once
Tuchen line extension, which will ensure
Sharing infrastructure through the use of RFS’s
generation that is growing up with wireless
the trial is complete.”
commuters on the 400 trains traveling the
world-renowned multi-channel combiners has
communications—want to keep in touch, stay
the end of 2006. The ‘Big Three’ will, no doubt,
tunnels daily will receive GSM/CDMA/UMTS
been a vital element in enabling the five ‘free-
informed, be entertained. The ‘community’ in
each secure their WiMAX positions, but a
services. This fully engineered WINS solution,
to-air’ broadcasters to meet DTV transmission
which this generation lives is not rooted to the
fourth competitor has yet to come out in the
founded on RADIAFLEX RLKU158 radiating
obligations with less initial investment.
ground, but is as mobile and free-moving as
T’ai-tung
Kao-hsiung
open and declare an interest.
they are,” Wu says.
For the Taiwan Rail Authority (TRA) tunnels project,
14
REGIONAL FOCUS
RFS supplied 162 kilometers (100 miles) of RLVL114
and RLK114 RADIAFLEX radiating cable.
According to RFS Taiwan area sales director,
“At work, on the street, on the train, in buildings
Jason Wu, in the island’s intensely competed
or outdoors these users will want information
communications market, the key drivers are
and entertainment dropped right into their
user demands for high-quality, diversified,
hands. And whether this is via 3G cell phone,
seamless services, and high-speed data.
WLAN or WiMAX applications, or even mobile
TV, RFS will definitely be in the picture, helping
Mobile and moving
to deliver the solutions that deliver the services.”
“With mobile subscription at such a saturation
Taiwan is proving to the world that a mature
point, our mobile phone operators are all
market is not a market that has stopped
working aggressively to develop data and
Wonders of WINS
(KRTC) is currently under construction, to provide
cable, is consolidating RFS’s reputation in the
“Especially in Taiwan’s varied terrain, every
flourishing. Indeed, as
value-added services, which boost average
Not surprisingly in a country characterized by
a 380 - 400 MHz Terrestrial Trunked Radio system
region for supplying superior WINS solutions.
location is different,” says Wu. “RFS provides
this
revenue per unit (ARPU). Mobile Internet, mobile
high-rise urban developments sited above largely
(TETRA) for emergency and safety services. RFS’s
RFS Taiwan is also participating in tenders, on a
more than just equipment. RFS works with local
tiger’ advances into
office, mobile banking, mobile information
subterranean rail systems, wireless indoors
solution—based on RADIAFLEX radiating cable—
project-by-project basis, for indoor WLAN
broadcasters to provide full technical solutions
the 21st century,
services, ring-tones and music downloads—
solutions (WINS) are of particular importance.
addresses 25 kilometers (15 miles) of tunnel across
applications in hospitals, airports, universities,
that ensure optimal coverage in the desired
pundits predict it
these are the kinds of offerings for which users
The first integrated WLAN/GSM services were
37 stations within the city’s central business district.
shopping centers and key public buildings.
service areas. In the near future we expect to be
will
are prepared to pay. With such desirables at
rolled out by Taiwanese operators during the first
“One of the reasons for RFS selection as a
even busier, as the broadcast network is expected
pace-setter. Be sure,
their fingertips, Taiwan’s 3G user base is expected
quarter of 2005 and were initially available in
supplier was that our radiating cables achieved
DTV reaching new heights
to double in size, with each broadcaster operating
too, that RFS will continue
to number two million by the end of 2006,”
three cities—Taipei, T’ai-chung and Kao-hsiung.
endorsement
In
two channels via the coast-to-coast SFN.”
to act as a conduit for these
he says.
These are to be expanded to a further seven cities
Authority, meeting low-smoke, low-halogen
communications, Taiwan has been an early-runner.
Establishing the infrastructure to support 3G
by 2008. By then, the government expects to see
requirements,” explains Wu. The project is
The European Digital Video Broadcasting-
Government goes beyond 3G
roll-outs—and complying with a Government
more than 4 million wireless subscribers in
scheduled for completion in the fourth-quarter
Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard was formally adopted
As part of an ambitious NT$37 billion (US$1.1
policy of minimizing the numbers and locations
Taiwan using dual-mode handsets that support
of 2007.
in 2001, enabling the establishment of Single
billion) project, called M-Taiwan, Taiwan's
of new base stations—has led to increasing
WLAN and GSM networks.
In another important in-tunnel TETRA project—
Frequency Networks (SFN) in which more than
government plans to blanket the island's cities
carrier collaboration and infrastructure sharing.
Again, RFS is stepping up to the plate with wireless
this time for Taiwan Rail Authority—RFS last year
one transmitting site may service the same
with broadband wireless data networks that are
“By 2005, we had seen explosive growth in the
in-building and in-tunnel solutions. An in-tunnel
supplied 162 kilometers (100 miles) of RLVL114
coverage area. RFS came in on the ground,
integrated with existing mobile phone services
sector and an island-wide network of some
solution for Kao-hsiung Rapid Transit Corporation
and RLK114 RADIAFLEX radiating cable.
providing end-to-end RF solutions for 11 of the
by 2008. The project aims to not only cover
by
Taiwan’s
National
Fire
digital
broadcast
too,
as
in
mobile
‘East
remain
Asian
a
technological changes as
they evolve.
15
US auctions spawn spectrum shuffle
As the USA re-allocates microwave backhaul spectrum for 3G advanced wireless
services, incumbent carriers needing to relocate will need flexible radio link
solutions that can be deployed quickly.
“Although it might be faster and more costeffective to use existing microwave antenna
systems, there’s also the chance these might
already be capacity-limited, or consist of old
The planned mid-2006 auction of advanced
relocation of wireless backhaul services to
equipment. This is really a huge opportunity to
wireless services (AWS) spectrum in the USA is
different bands. “It will most likely come down
upgrade to digital technology, where capacity is
generating great enthusiasm on the part of
to each and all of these options being considered
much less of an issue. The 4, 6 and 7-GHz bands
commercial mobile phone carriers hoping to
on a case-by-case basis,” says Zoberi. “Each link
are, for the most part, ideal for high-capacity,
deploy third-generation (3G) services in the
will be assessed in terms of interference, available
long-distance microwave links; while the higher
newly allocated bands. However, for those
infrastructure and available capacity.”
frequency bands are more applicable for links
incumbents already using the 1700 and
Of the options available, microwave radio links
over medium or short-distances,” says Zoberi.
2100-MHz spectrum for wireless backhaul
remain the most flexible. Although T1 lines
applications, a tough decision lies ahead. They
present a speedy solution, they incur ongoing
Suite of Solutions
must find new backhaul routes—and quickly—
leasing costs that dramatically increase overall
RFS designs and delivers complete microwave
to allow them to vacate the spectrum without
cost of the system. Fiber networks are fast and
antenna systems for radio link networks in each
disrupting existing services.
high-capacity, but are difficult and expensive to
of the bands being considered. This includes an
The spectrum being auctioned by the US federal
deploy—especially over rugged terrain—plus
extensive suite of antennas—including standard,
communications commission (FCC) comprises
the 1710 to 1755-MHz band, currently utilized
by federal government organizations, and
16
H y b r i d c o v e ra g e
s o l u t i o n f o r S h a n g h a i M e t ro
MICROWAVE
WIRELESS INDOOR SOLUTIONS
the 2110 to 2150-MHz band, allocated to
non-government organizations such as rail
companies, State Governments, and several
commercial carriers. The cost of relocating
backhaul services will be footed by the new
spectrum license-holders; and, according to Asad
Figure 1: The backhaul relocation scenario caused by the impending AWS spectrum auctions
Shanghai’s new Metro Line ‘M9’ comes
to life with the help of RFS wireless
indoor solutions, underpinning the
line’s vital train radio communication
system.
Zoberi, Radio Frequency Systems Microwave
RLKU series radiating cable. Fifteen optical
number of optical repeaters to be used. In the
repeaters positioned along the length of the
longest sections, we need to put as many as
tunnels will support a fiber optic backbone
three repeaters between stations to ensure the
system. Each high-power remote unit will
signal remains strong.”
convert the optical signal into RF and amplify
Scheduled for operation in early 2009, the
it through each tunnel—maintaining the
Shanghai Metro M9 will be the third RFS has
Area Product Manager, these are likely to want
are more susceptible to natural disasters.
high and ultra-high performance models, and
In 2006/2007, joint-venture railway infrastructure
signal levels along the entire tunnel. In this
worked on in the city. Over the past few years, RFS’s
to liberate the spectrum right away.
Microwave links, on the other hand, can cover
the popular RFS CompactLine, SlimLine ranges—
development group, Shanghai Hong Kong Metro
particular installation, the optical repeaters
customized WINS technology was used to create
“There are certain key markets—such as
great distances without incurring extra cost, can
plus FLEXWELL elliptical waveguide, dehydration
Construction Management, will incorporate
will be positioned approximately two kilometers
a 450-MHz train radio communications system
New York or Los Angeles—where the new
be deployed quickly, and offer payback periods
systems and accessories.
Radio Frequency Systems’ wireless indoor
(1.2 miles) apart through the longest stretches
and public communications system for Shanghai
license-holders will want to make use of the
of as little as two years. Furthermore, with
“RFS is committed to providing cost-effective
solutions (WINS) to support an in-tunnel
of transmission.
Metro M1, M2, and their extensions.
AWS spectrum quickly,” Zoberi says. “We expect
microwave backhaul, users have total control of
and high performance backhaul solutions,”
communications system for Shanghai Metro
Jacky
the relocation activity here could start in a
the system.
says Zoberi. “We’ve pioneered the development
line ‘M9’. The new section of the metro will
Regional Sales Manager, said
matter of months. There could even be a
The frequency bands specified by the FCC for
of small-diameter dishes that meet FCC part
include 13 new stations from Song Jiang to
that a key design feature
measure of transitional frequency sharing,
microwave backhaul relocation are illustrated
101 Category A pattern requirements in the
Yi Shan Road in Shanghai’s south west, and
was the customization of
providing there’s no interference generated.
in Figure 1. Federal government incumbents
10 and 11-GHz bands, providing more choice for
incorporate twin-bore 12-kilometer (7-mile)
the distances between each
Whatever the case, it’s certain that speed of
currently using the 1710 to 1755-MHz band
users of this band. Added to that, we have
tunnels. Each tunnel bore will be equipped with
optical
deployment will be a key factor in the choice of
can opt to use existing systems in the 1750 to
a premium manufacturing facility here in
a terrestrial trunked radio (TETRA) 800-MHz
overall system loss. “Some
new backhaul mechanism.”
1850-MHz band, or deploy new systems in the
the USA, enabling fast turnaround and system
network to support the metro’s train radio
stations were more than two
4 or 7-GHz bands. Similarly, non-government
deployment.”
communications
is
kilometers (1.2 miles) apart,”
Backhaul case-by-case
incumbents (2110 to 2150-MHz) can use
Although incumbents of the 1700 and 2100-MHz
scheduled for completion in the first half
he said. “We needed to
Incumbents have a number of backhaul options:
existing 2450 to 2483-MHz systems, or move to
bands are still confronted by a lot of unknowns,
of 2007.
individually assess each sub-
lease of existing T1 lines, deployment of fiber
the 6, 10, 11 or 18-GHz bands. The decision,
there are already many RFS solutions available
To achieve the desired in-tunnel coverage, the
section of the line—in terms
networks, utilization of existing microwave
says Zoberi, lies in the desired application.
to meet their backhaul relocation needs,
hybrid solution will use a combination of RFS’s
of distance and strength of
says Zoberi.
T-RU series optical repeaters and RADIAFLEX
signal—to
backhaul systems in neighboring bands, or
system.
This
system
Tang,
unit
RFS
to
Senior
minimize
determine
the
17
R F S i n t ro d u c e s
t ra n s m i s s i o n l i n e
s u rc h a rg e s c h e m e
Radio Frequency Systems has announced a new
Effective from 1 February 2006, the surcharge
through these
Radio Frequency Systems has released the latest
Complementing
‘raw material surcharge’ that will be applied to
applies to RFS’s FLEXWELL, HELIFLEX, CELLFLEX,
commodity cost challenges.”
edition of its comprehensive product catalog,
each system
its world-leading RF transmission line products.
and RADIAFLEX products.
As a leading supplier of wireless infrastructure
RFS Products: Infrastructure Solutions. The
illustration is
The new surcharge scheme has been developed
World commodity prices have risen steadily
solutions for over 30 years, RFS continually
fourth edition features over 3,000 RFS products
a description
in response to a sustained increase in the cost of
over the past year, with the cost of copper—
strives to offer superior RF solutions across a
across eight product ranges.
of how RFS
the base materials—such as copper,
considered to be the lead indicator for commodity
broad range of industry sectors. “The burden of
A new feature of the catalog is the incorporation
provides
aluminum, polyethylene and crude
pricing—effectively doubling since mid-2004.
the recent commodity price rises has reached a
of seven ‘industry solutions’ pages. Each of
real-world
oil—that
the
“Materials such as copper, aluminum and oil
point where this commitment is at risk. The ‘raw
these double-page spreads features a detailed
solutions to
transmission line production and
are integral in the construction of many of
material surcharge’ alleviates this risk, and
system illustration that demonstrates how RFS’s
meet the
supply chain processes.
RFS’s products. The commodity cost impact
ensures that we retain and enhance the premium
individual product groups can be integrated
specific challenges
has reached a point where RFS can no
product quality and performance that is
together into end-to-end RF solutions. The
faced by each of these wireless industries.
longer shield its customers from its
synonymous with the CELLFLEX, RADIAFLEX,
outlined industry applications include: Cell-based
In addition, the new catalog provides
effects,” said Mark Davies, RFS
FLEXWELL and HELIFLEX brands,” Davies said.
communications; radio link networks; public
easy-to-access supplementary information,
The printed version of the fourth RFS Products
President Global Transmission Line
For further information regarding the RFS
mobile radio; in-tunnel wireless communications;
such as performance charts, explanations of
catalog is available now from your local RFS
Products. “The new RFS ‘raw material
transmission line ‘raw material surcharge’, contact
in-building wireless communications; television
technical terms and concepts in the technical
sales representative. Alternatively, order a copy
surcharge’ minimizes the impact on
your local RFS sales and distribution office, or the
and radio broadcasting; and high frequency
information section, plus a detailed model
on-line at www.rfsworld.com.
our valued customers, as we all ride
RFS website at www.rfsworld.com.
and defense communications.
number index for all products featured.
are
involved
in
SlimLine on
S w a n L a ke
IN TOUCH
RFS doing dialog at
B ro a d c a s t A s i a 2 0 0 6
High atop Swan Lake Mountain in the
South-Central Oregon Ranges, USA, RFS
SlimLine SU series microwave antennas
© Copyright 2006. Image used by permission of photographer.
18
Fo u r t h e d i t i o n
o f R F S P ro d u c t s
catalog
19
Dr. Q’s noble prize!
At this year’s BroadcastAsia 2006 exhibition,
According to Franke, BroadcastAsia is an ideal
bear the brunt of a snowy winter. At an
Radio Frequency Systems will make its people a
opportunity for broadcasters to meet with the
elevation of 2139 meters (7018 feet),
focal point. The company’s team of RF broadcast
team behind RFS’s world-renowned RF broadcast
Swan Lake Mountain can experience
system experts will be on-hand to discuss current
systems. “It’s a relaxed atmosphere and, whether
temperatures ranging from -26 degrees
Festival Awards 2006 for a short film titled
directions in broadcast technology—particularly
the interest is in mobile television, or digital
Celsius (-15 degrees Fahrenheit) in the
Q’s Wonderful World of Science.
developments to support digital mobile television
terrestrial TV, or digital radio, or analogue
winter through to 38 degrees Celsius
The film—an inventive and amusing mix of
Radio Frequency Systems last month garnered a
Silver Award in the prestigious World Media
services, such as digital
expansions,
can
(100 degrees Fahrenheit) in the summer, and
animation and live action—was submitted to
video broadcasting to
listen to broadcasters’
wind speeds gusting up to 104 kilometers
the World Media Festival by well-known German
handhelds (DVB-H) and
specific
per hour (65 miles per hour).
production company, Ulrich Bock Film, from a
digital
understanding these, we
script and concept by advertising agency B & B
broadcasting (DMB).
can work with broadcasters to develop the most
Werbeagentur GmbH. Q’s Wonderful World of
“This is a pivotal time for the industry,” said
practical solutions—on a case-by-case basis.”
Science quirkily introduces the world of wireless
Norm Franke, RFS Manager Sales Asia. “Mobile
The broadcast division of RFS specializes in the
communications and broadcast technology,
television is a whole new ballgame, with
design, manufacture and installation of end-to-
and explains RFS’s important role in these
questions still being raised about the RF and
end broadband antenna systems and associated
industries. It was created for use at exhibitions,
delivery aspects of the technology—such as
multi-channel combining systems.
trade fairs, and for customer demonstrations.
multimedia
polarization, frequency bands, indoor coverage
we
In an international field of more 400 entries,
needs.
By
The World Media Festival Awards recognize
and network topology. BroadcastAsia provides
RFS at BroadcastAsia 2006:
excellence in modern communications media,
a forum for the face-to-face discussions that
Singapore Expo
and are acknowledged internationally as
underpin the adoption of such new technologies.
20 to 23 June 2006
symbols of the highest production standards in
RFS is here to talk!”
Hall 8, booth 8K3-01
modern communication.