MEMORANDUM

MEMORANDUM
To:
Planning Commission Members
From:
Sharon E. Angle, Director of Planning
Date:
February 12, 2015
RE:
February 19, 2015 Planning Commission Meeting
The Staunton Planning Commission will hold a meeting on Thursday, February
19, 2015 at 5:30 p.m. in the City Council Chambers, 1st floor, 116 West
Beverley Street.
If you can’t attend this meeting, please call the Planning Office at 332-3862 by
noon on, Wednesday, February 18, 2015 at Noon.
The field trip for Planning Commission members for this meeting will be on
Tuesday, February 17, 2015 at 4:30 pm. Please meet at Montgomery Hall
Park at the Parks and Recreation office.
AGENDA
Action Taken
1.
Call to Order
___________________________________
2.
Moment of Silence
___________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING & INSPECTIONS
116 W. BEVERLEY STREET | P.O. BOX 58 | STAUNTON, VA 24402
540.332.3862 (OFFICE) 540.332.3807 (FAX)
3.
Approval of minutes of
January 15, 2015
Meeting
4.
New Business
a. Public Hearing:
Consideration
of Acceptance of
Grace Christian
Alley as a Public
Right-of-Way
5.
__________________________________
Old Business
a. Discussion and
Consideration of
Backyard Hen
Proposal
6.
___________________________________
Other Business
__________________________________
__________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING & INSPECTIONS
116 W. BEVERLEY STREET | P.O. BOX 58 | STAUNTON, VA 24402
540.332.3862 (OFFICE) 540.332.3807 (FAX)
7.
Adjournment
__________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING & INSPECTIONS
116 W. BEVERLEY STREET | P.O. BOX 58 | STAUNTON, VA 24402
540.332.3862 (OFFICE) 540.332.3807 (FAX)
Planning Commission Regular Meeting
January 15, 2015
Page No.
1
MINUTES
STAUNTON PLANNING COMMISSION
January 15, 2015
5:30 p.m.
City Council Chambers
PRESENT:
Nathaniel Burress, Chair
W. Patrick Stewart, Vice Chair
Brad Arrowood
Jessica Robinson
ABSENT:
Judith Wiegand
Linda Nesselrodt, Zoning Technician
ALSO PRESENT:
Sharon E. Angle, Director of Planning
Timothy Hartless, City Planner
R. Terry Holmes, Council Liaison
Douglas L. Guynn, City Attorney
Linda Little, Clerk of Council
The Chair called the meeting to order at 5:30 p.m. and a moment of silence was observed.
APPROVAL OF MINUTES
Ms. Robinson moved to approve the minutes of the December 18, 2014, Planning Commission
meeting. The motion was seconded and carried unanimously.
NEW BUSINESS
a.
PUBLIC HEARING: Consideration of City of Staunton’s Capital Investment Plat,
2015 - 2019
Ms. Colvin, Chief Financial Officer, stated that the City is in the process of updating the annual
Capital Investment Plan for all City funds and the Education Fund. City and School Board staff
updated the plan to remove completed projects, revise projects, and to include new projects. The
draft plan includes a financial history report of revenues and project expenditures from FY2004FY2014. The total CIP Plan is $225,393,762. The five year plan equals $130,607,726 for all
funds. She noted that in that $130 million is $75 million for Lee High School.
The CIP was presented to City Council on December 11 and to the School Board on November
10, 2014. The School Board approved the Education Fund CIP on December 8, 2014. Final
approval of the CIP Plan is scheduled for City Council on January 22, 2015.
Major changes to the CIP Plan include:
City CIP:
Planning Commission Regular Meeting
January 15, 2015
Page No.
2

$4,870,500- Staunton Crossing development project to include demolition of buildings
and excavation and grading of the site.

$8,000,000- Library building renovations for the interior space of the library.

$7,500,000- Public Safety building for the fire and police departments. This project now
includes a total new fire station instead of a satellite fire station.

$250,000- Annual amount for storm water projects to meet the total maximum daily load
requirements to reduce pollutants discharged into storm water.
School CIP:

$2,500,000- School multi-purpose building for storage, cafeteria food storage, technology
storage and workspace, and maintenance shop

$300,000- School technology improvements to include electrical and computer
infrastructure for wireless devices for safety of staff and students

$150,000- School communication equipment for school buildings to allow for outside
communication to students and staff
Discussion ensued regarding the proposed public safety building.
The Public Hearing was opened.
There being no one present to speak to this matter, the Public Hearing was closed.
Mr. Stewart moved to approve and recommend Planning Commission endorse the FY 2015-2019
Capital Investment Plan.
The motion was seconded and carried unanimously.
SPECIAL BUSINESS
The Chairman recognized Billy Vaughn for his 43 years of service in the planning field and
various governmental departments in the area.
OLD BUSINESS
Mr. Hartless stated that staff has done extensive research on the backyard chicken suggestions
and would present their findings to the Planning Commission in the near future.
OTHER BUSINESS
a. Election of Officers
Planning Commission Regular Meeting
January 15, 2015
Page No.
3
Mr. Guynn, City Attorney, opened the floor for nominations for the office of Chair. Ms.
Robinson nominated Mr. Burress for Chair. With no further nominations, the nominations were
closed. Mr. Burress was elected on a unanimous vote.
The Chair opened the floor for Vice Chair. Ms. Robinson nominated Mr. Stewart for the office
of Vice Chair. With no further nominations, nominations were closed. Mr. Stewart was elected
on a unanimous vote.
b. Annual Report
The Planning Director stated that Section 15.2 – 2221 of the Code of Virginia requires that the
local planning commission is charged with the duty of making an annual report to the
governing body concerning the operation of the commission and the status of planning
within the jurisdiction. In compliance with this requirement, the following report reviews
the activities of the Staunton Planning Commission during the year beginning on January 1,
2014.
CITY OF STAUNTON
PLANNING COMMISSION
ANNUAL REPORT
JANUARY 1, 2014 - DECEMBER 31, 2014
Under Section 15.2 - 2221 of the Code of Virginia, the local planning commission is charged
with the duty of making an annual report to the governing body concerning the operation of
the commission and the status of planning within the jurisdiction. In compliance with this
requirement, the following report reviews the activities of the Staunton Planning
Commission during the year beginning on January 1, 2014 and ending on December 31, 2014.
The members of the Staunton Planning Commission during the first six months of this period
were:






Mr. Nathaniel Burress
Jessica L. Robinson
Mr. Pat Stewart
Mr. William Vaughn
Judith Wiegand
Mr. Bruce Elder – City Council Liaison
In June, Bruce Elder chose not to seek re-election to Staunton City Council. He served as the
Council liaison to Planning Commission since 2009. His replacement is Councilman Jim
Harrington. Also in August, Planning Commission said good-bye to Commissioner Billy
Vaughn, who has served on the Commission for nineteen years. During that time he held the
office of Chairman and received the “Planning Commissioner of the Year Award” from the
Central Shenandoah Planning District Commission. He will still be actively involved in the City
of Staunton, as he, in September, began serving as the City of Staunton’s Director of Economic
Development. Brad Arrowood was appointed to the Commission in September.
Planning Commission Regular Meeting
January 15, 2015
Page No.
4
There were 11 regularly scheduled meetings and one special meeting during the year. At its
annual reorganization meeting, the Staunton Planning Commission elected Mr. Nathaniel
Burress as Chairman, and Mr. Pat Stewart as Vice Chairman. During the year, the Commission
reviewed the following requests and made recommendations to City Council on these items:
Rezoning Requests - 6
Zoning Code Amendments – 0
City Code Amendment - 0
Special Use Permit Requests - 3
Preliminary Subdivision Plat Reviews - 2
Final Subdivision Plat Reviews- 5
Alley/Street Vacation Requests - 1
Waiver of Subdivision Standards - 0
Zoning Code Interpretation - 0
Master Plan Review – 1
Comprehensive Plan Amendments – 1
Subdivision Code Amendments – 0
Comments for State Agency – 0
Capital Investment Plan – 1
Special Studies – 2
Design Guideline Amendment – 0
Appeals – 1
Agricultural Forestal Applications – 1
Subdivision Street Name Change - 2
The City’s Comprehensive Plan addressed the issue of historic and long term non-conforming
residential parcels in areas zoned for business, professional, or industrial uses that exist in many
areas of the City. The continuing residential use of a large percentage of these parcels is
currently supported by the Recommended Land Use Map included in the 2010-2030
Comprehensive Plan. The Commission completed the second major rezoning for the West
Beverley Street area beginning with an amendment to the Comprehensive Plan. In July City
Council approved the rezoning of 20 properties in the corridor. Priorities have been established
for continuing this type of process for other areas designated in the Comprehensive Plan.
Planning Commission began two special studies for the City. The Staunton City Council desires
to create a FY16 Capital Improvements Program (CIP) project and begin dedicating funding for
the construction of a keystone trail in an eventual Greenways trail system throughout the city.
Prior to identifying a keystone project, Council asked that the Planning and Recreation Advisory
Commission develop for its consideration a draft Greenways Plan. The Central Shenandoah
Planning District Commission is providing staff support and guidance for this project.
City Council this year considered a Food Policy Council proposal to permit backyard hens in the
City. The proposal asks Council to legalize the keeping of backyard hens with the keeps of up
to 6 hens and no rosters; chickens must be confined to the property and be provided a coop with
at least three square feet of space per hen; coops be designated as accessory structures and added
Planning Commission Regular Meeting
January 15, 2015
Page No.
5
as a permitted accessory structure to SCC 18.110.030. They also ask that residents who rent be
required to obtain written permission from their landlord prior to obtaining chickens. City
Council referred the proposal to the Planning Commission for its review and recommendation.
The Chairman suggested that Tim Hartless be recognized for his completion of the Certified
Planning Commissioners Program.
Mr. Arrowood moved to approve the Planning Commission’s Annual Report, as amended, and to
authorize the Chairman or his representative to present the report to the City Council.
The motion was seconded and carried unanimously.
ADJOURNMENT
Upon a motion properly made, seconded, and unanimous, the meeting adjourned at 5:57 p.m.
__________________________________
Linda L. Little, Clerk
PLANNING
COMMISSION
AGENDA BRIEFING
Staunton, VA
Meeting Date:
February 19, 2015
Staff Members:
Sharon E. Angle
Item #
Ordinance #
Department:
Planning and Inspections
Subject:
Public Hearing: Consideration of Acceptance of Grace
Christian Alley as a Public Right-of-Way
Background: As many Planning Commission members know the general rule is that “City
alleys” are not actually considered to be in fact City right-of-way, nor does the City have any
actual authority to regulate uses of these spaces other than the powers we have to regulate
other private property. The same is true for a number of City “streets” that exist on paper only.
The legal theory this is based on can be more accurately described by the City Attorney;
however, staff understands that until and only when City Council takes affirmative action to
accept a particular alley or street for pubic use or as a public right-of-way is that alley or street
truly “public.”
With this legal underpinning in mind, and the absence of any City funding to improve or maintain
these paper “alleys” and “streets” it has long been the position of the City to not accept
responsibility for these in any way and to not accept any into our system without good cause.
Staff is familiar with only very limited use or acceptance of such “alleys” and “streets” for City
utilities in recent years.
However, for good reasons it is possible to continue to accept these “streets” or “alleys” into our
system and in the case of Grace Christian Alley (see attached map), staff recommends that
action now be taken for City acceptance. As you are aware, Grace Christian Alley provides the
primary access or an important access between South Coalter and Market Streets. It is heavily
used by both pedestrian and vehicular traffic; is adjacent to Grace Christian School; and the City
uses it to provide trash collection services to properties adjacent to it. Because of the defined
use and importance of access, staff recommends the City take action to affirmatively accept
Grace Christian Alley as public right-of way to be consistent with current and future public uses
and requirements for City regulation.
Section 15.2-2232 of the State Code states that when a locality has adopted a comprehensive
plan no street or connection to an existing street…shall be constructed, established or
authorized, unless and until the general location…has been submitted to and approved by the
planning commission as being substantially in accord with the adopted comprehensive plan.
The City’s Comprehensive Plan shows the Grace area as “Commercial”; “Professional”; as a
“Growth Stimulation Area”; and as a Historic Overlay Zone. In addition “Priority Initiative” 14
states: “Ensure quality and effective public services that meet the needs of residents and
businesses while being proportionate to the City’s economic base and resources.”
Staff’s Recommendation:
That Planning Commission recommends approval of Grace
Christian Alley as a public right-of-way, finding that this designation is substantially in accord
with the City’s Comprehensive Plan.
Suggested Motion(s): I move to recommend approval of Grace Christian Alley as a public
right-of-way, finding that this designation is substantially in accord with the City’s
Comprehensive Plan.
DRAFT 1.21.15
1
Ordinance No. 2014 - __
2
3
AN ORDINANCE
4
TO ACCEPT GRACE CHRISTIAN ALLEY
5
AS A PUBLICLY MAINTAINED RIGHT OF WAY
6
7
8
9
WHEREAS, the City of Staunton maintains streets and public rights-of-way for
the convenience of the traveling public and to provide public services;
10
11
WHEREAS, these streets and rights-of-way are controlled, regulated and
12
maintained by the City in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia
13
and ordinances of the City;
14
15
WHEREAS, Staunton City Code Section 12.05.030 states that “[t]he city shall
16
not be or become responsible for the opening or maintenance of, or for any damages
17
resulting from the use of, any street, alley or other public way or grounds laid out and
18
dedicated to the public use by any person, until the same shall have been accepted by the
19
council”;
20
21
WHEREAS, the City uses what is known as Grace Christian Alley, located
22
between South Coalter and Market Street in downtown Staunton, for access to and from
23
properties in providing refuse services;
24
25
WHEREAS, it is in the best interest of the City that the City undertake to
26
maintain and regulate Grace Christian Alley in the manner of all other public streets and
27
rights-of-way because of the City’s use of the area for ongoing public services, including
28
refuse services;
29
30
31
WHEREAS, this matter has been properly advertised, heard and considered.
DRAFT 1.21.15
32
33
34
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of
35
Staunton, Virginia, that the City of Staunton accept into its street and right-of-way
36
maintenance system an alleyway commonly known and designated as Grace Christian
37
Alley, consisting of an area of approximately 11 feet wide by 550 feet long, located
38
adjacent to Grace Christian School, running between South Coalter Street and Market
39
Street as shown approximately on the attached exhibit, which is incorporated by
40
reference into this ordinance.
41
42
43
44
Introduced:
45
Adopted:
46
Effective Date:
47
48
______________________________
49
Carolyn W. Dull, Mayor
50
51
52
ATTEST:__________________________
53
Linda L. Little
54
Clerk of Council
55
56
AGENDA BRIEFING
PLANNING
COMMISSION
Staunton, VA
Meeting Date:
February 19, 2015
Staff Members:
Sharon Angle
Tim Hartless
Item #
Ordinance #
Department:
Planning and Inspections
Subject:
Consideration of Backyard Hens in the City
Background:
At its’ October 23, 2014 meeting, City Council considered a Food Policy Council proposal to
permit backyard hens in the City. Attachment 1 contains the briefing materials that were
presented to City Council concerning this proposal. The proposal asks Council to consider the
following:
1. Legalize the keeping of backyard hens with the keeping of up to 6 hens and no roosters.
2. Chickens must be confined to the property and be provided a coop with at least three
square feet of space per hen.
3. Coops be designated as accessory structures and added as a permitted accessory
structure to SCC 18.110.030.
4. Residents who rent be required to obtain written permission from their landlord prior to
obtaining hens.
City Council referred the proposal concerning backyard hens to the Planning Commission for its
review and a recommendation.
At its November 18, 2014 meeting, Planning Commission began consideration of a proposal to
allow backyard hens. Planning Commission requested that staff research and report back on a
list of stated questions and concerns. After extensive research requiring many hours of staff
1
time getting input from individuals and agencies, staff has prepared the following information for
your consideration.
Planning Commission Requested Research
1. Look at other localities ordinances to determine what has worked for them,
particularly any limitations on lot sizes. Try to focus on nearby localities. How
long has their ordinance been in place?
In addition to the current code provisions for Staunton, we have attached ordinances from
the Cities of Harrisonburg, Winchester, Salem, and Fredericksburg. See Attachment 2.
Minimum lot size requirements
a. City of Harrisonburg – 2 acres – enacted 2009
b. City of Winchester – 2 acres – enacted 2011
c. City of Salem – 1/4 acres – enacted 2012
d. Fredericksburg – no minimum – enacted 2012
2. Do other localities who allow chickens receive complaints? Do they enforce the
Property Maintenance Code? Do they enforce the Fire Code?
Complaints seem to be directed toward Animal Control staff and are generally related to
birds which have escaped their pens and are roaming at large. There were also some
complaints concerning odor or noise. All four of our example localities enforce both the
property maintenance and fire code provisions of the building code.
3. What does the local poultry industry think about backyard hens?
We attempted to contact the Virginia Poultry Foundation by email and by telephone. No
messages were ever returned. We spoke to the local Virginia Cooperative Extension
office. Their representative expressed concerns about sanitation, control of poultry
diseases, and odor.
4. Where eggs can be purchased locally? (Other than Staunton Augusta Farmers
Market)
a. Cranberry’s
b. Stanley’s Meat Market
c. Jiffy Mart
d. Pat’s Market
2
e. Spring Hill Market
f. Nu - Beginning Store
g. JMD Farm Market & Garden Center
5. Who are the people on the Food Policy Council?
See Attachment 3 which also has a copy of minutes of their December 9, 2014 meeting.
This also includes their Work Plan for 2015.
6. What would be the estimated costs associated with legalizing chickens?
We are not able to give a cost estimate at this time. The cost will largely depend on the
conditions that are part of any ordinace that allows chickens. We anticipate that there
will be costs associated with enforcement of any ordinance that is adopted. Some factors
that will determine cost are:
1. Renovations and addition to the animal shelter in Lyndhurst to accommodate
poultry.
2. Additional staff needed to enforce the provisions of an ordinance (zoning;
property maintenance inspectors and animal control officers).
3. Additional equipment needed by animal control such as vehicles and cages
7. Can chickens be allowed in Staunton now under the current code?
a. Chickens are currently permitted in the Agricultural/Forestal districts
b. The Zoning Code prohibits poultry in residential areas.
c. No uses are permitted in business or industrial districts that would include
poultry.
d. The City Code prohibits poultry in the City.
8. What happens when chickens reach an age where they no longer lay eggs?
a. Chickens will generally lay eggs from 6 months until around 6 years. The City’s
animal shelter, located in Lyndhurst, is not equipped to handle chickens. The
SPCA does not take chickens. If the purpose for keeping chickens is the
collection of eggs; a bird that no longer lays eggs may be considered surplus,
particularly if the ordinance limits the number of birds that may be kept.
Alternatives would include slaughter, euthanasia, or abandonment of the bird.
b. Slaughter of the bird for food, is not considered a likely alternative because an
older bird would provide a poor quality of meat.
3
c. Euthanizing the bird is an option; however it creates the problems associated
with the disposition of the carcass.
d. Abandonment of the bird will be the alternative that provides the least trouble to
the owner; but it creates a situation where Animal Control personnel will have to
(according to State Code) catch the bird, hold it for a prescribed period of time,
advertise it in the news paper, hold a hearing in General District Court, then
dispose of the bird. All of this will be done at the expense of the City.
9. Have other localities had to deal with this?
No localities we spoke with really had an answer for this question. In Waynesboro when
a chicken is abandoned, or if the owner no longer wishes to keep a chicken; the bird is
taken into the county and given to a local poultry farmer. However, this raises the
question - how many avenues are available for these unwanted birds and what resources
expended to deal with them legally?
10. Should we consider a chicken tax? A Bond? A permit and / or inspection? What
would the cost of these be?
a. It seems most localities require an annual permit and an annual inspection.
b. Harrisonburg – $25 annual permit fee and annual inspection
c. Winchester – No permit, license, or inspection, Winchester has no lots that meet
the minimum lot size requirements, therefore no chickens are permitted. When we
called Winchester they actually told us that chickens are not permitted.
d. Salem - $25 annual permit fee and annual inspection
e. Fredericksburg - $10 annual license fee, no inspection
11. Can odor be an issue?
Everyone we talked to agree that odor is a major concern, noting that even if a coop is
cleaned regularly it will smell, particularly in the summer time. This is a real concern in
Staunton because many of our residential lots are small and coops would therefore be
very close to residential structures. The Planning and inspections Office has received
complaints in the past where odor was the factor driving the complaint.
12. How to define what an unacceptable level of odor is?
According to the fire department, dangerous levels will be difficult to reach because
coops will be kept outside. The level that is considered dangerous to life and health
“Immediate Danger to Life and Health” (IDLH) is 300 parts per million (ppm) of ammonia.
The fire department will need to obtain a new meter in order to measure this. While 300
ppm is deemed to be dangerous to health, it stands to reason that a much lower
4
threshold should be used when considering what an acceptable level is for odor. Staff
recommends using the standard of declaring any odor offensive when an enforcement
officer can detect it while standing at the property line.
13. How do you dispose of chicken litter, can it be sent to the landfill? Can it be
picked up by a City trash truck?
Public Works staff, based on their research, expressed concern about health hazards
associated with litter. They request that any proposed regulations require litter be
treated with bleach and bagged separately so as to minimize the risks to garbage
collectors. One option that other localities use is to have a separate approved container
used only for poultry litter disposal. Some localities prohibit the disposing of litter in
municipal trash collection.
14. Is the proposed size of the coops humane? Should it have a roof?
Attachment 4 contains a report from the Virginia Cooperative Extension on “Small Scale
Poultry Housing”. It contains minimum space requirements (for laying hens 1 and ½ SF
inside and 8 SF outside). It further recommends that coops be covered, built draft free,
and located within in an enclosed pen. The pen should also include a roof or wire top to
keep out predators. The coop should also include a floor, or at a minimum, the sides
should be buried in the ground to deter predators from digging underneath it.
15. Can noise of hens be an issue?
The Planning and Inspections Office has received complaints regarding chickens (no
roosters) where noise has been the factor driving the complaint. While hens do not
typically crow as a rooster would, they do make noise when they roost.
16. Current facilities at regional shelter – is it set up for poultry?
No, the animal shelter will not take chickens and is not equipped to handle them. Also,
the SPCA also will not take chickens.
17. What about slaughter regulations?
Most localities who allow chickens either ban slaughter, or in some cases specifically ban
outside slaughter. Staff recommends that the slaughter of chickens not be permitted at
all.
18. Do any local Veterinarians care for chickens?
Westwood Animal Hospital does do some limited care of chickens. They will not give
chickens an antibiotic if the eggs are being kept for consumption. Cedar Crest will also
do limited care.
5
19. Is there cockfighting in the area?
According to the City Animal Control officers, currently we do not have any known activity
in this area, but they have concerns that allowing chickens may make it easier for
individuals to engage in this activity. There are cockfighting rings operating in other parts
of the state. Page County has had reported incidents in recent years.
Questions and Concerns
City Staff
Fire Department
1. Heat lamp issues (shorting out, overheating, too close to combustible materials, etc.)
2. Extension cord problems (shorting out, overloaded, being damaged, etc.)
3. Combustible “bedding” materials i.e. straw or wood shavings
4. Improper electrical wiring and/or connections (lack of required permits, make shift
connections, etc.)
5. Close proximity to the residence or other buildings
Animal Control
1. Where will stray animals be housed? (currently the animal shelter does not have an
area to handle livestock, and if some type of agriculture housing were to be added to
the existing facility, it may require the shelter to go to the County for a Special Use
Permit, or we would need to have a contract with an area vet or other approved
source to house the strays)
2. Will the shelter accept unwanted chickens? What if a citizen calls animal control and
requests the removal of an unwanted chicken? While it is not our responsibility for
owner surrender animals, the concern is that if we don’t assist will the animal
“accidentally” get loose and then we have to chase it around to secure it?
3. Currently injured companion animals are taken to the Emergency Clinic located in
Verona; however we would need a plan for how injured livestock would be handled.
4. If we pick up any stray livestock, under current VA Statute it appears that we must
hold the animal and have a seizure hearing in General District Court within 10 days
after advertising the animal in the paper for 5 days (costing an estimated $50-$75 for
the paper plus boarding) (VA Code 3.2-6569)
5. There are Virginia agriculture codes for dogs killing livestock and chickens. This
includes property owners having the right to destroy the dogs on sight, and the City
6
being required to replace the cost of these animals killed by dogs. I’m not sure how
this would be handled. (VA Code Sections 3.2-6552, 3.2-6553)
6. Chickens (hens-females) still cluck and squawk and make noise. They may not be as
loud as roosters, or start as early, but they are not quiet.
7. Chickens cannot usually be secured during the day. If one is found running at large or
needs to be picked up, it will have to be done after sunset when the birds nest or
perch for the night which may add call volume.
8. What will be the guidelines for limits, breeds, lot sizes and inspections in addition to
shelter requirements and animal care?
9. Who will issue permits and retain the money for the costs associated with
administering the code? Will the code be under zoning or animal control in Chapter 6
so that we can enforce it? ( it could be under the animal control code and reference
zoning code similar to our animal limit statue)
10. Tractor Supply and other agriculture vendors in the area have chick days, and I
foresee families coming home with a 6 chicken minimum purchase and turning
several of the birds loose once they find out what they purchased may be more than
they can handle, or that several of the birds are roosters. This in turn creating noise
and running at large complaints for us.
Public Works
1. Have concerns regarding possible health risks associated with trash collectors
handling chicken litter. Litter should be treated with bleach and bagged separately to
minimize these risks.
Building Official
1. Coops would not be regulated by the VCC as they are Agricultural buildings.
2. I would be concerned that Property Maintenance would end up with complaints about
odor etc.? Who would handle these issues? Who would determine if the conditions
are humane for the poultry if we get complaints? What standard would be used to
judge this? We have one staff person currently. I think that Animal Control in the PD
is better suited to handle this.
3. Most Home Owners Associations prohibit poultry?
4. If allowed I would recommend a fee and permitting/licensing structure similar to what
7
we currently do with dogs with enforcement by Animal Control.
Attachments:
1. Food Policy Council Briefing City Council Meeting October 23, 2014
2. Ordinances – including Staunton(SCC 18.20 and SCC 6.05.060), City of Fredericksburg,
City of Harrisonburg, City of Salem, City of Winchester
3. Food Policy Council Members and 2015 Work Plan
4. Virginia Cooperative Extension Small Scale Poultry Housing
Recommendation: This information is provided to assist Planning Commission members
in their review of the regulation of backyard hens. Staff is happy to provide further
information or clarification in assisting Planning Commission in making its
recommendation to City Council.
8
ATTACHMENT 1
FOOD POLICY COUNCIL BRIEFING
CITY COUNCIL MEETING
OCTOBER 23, 2014
CITY COUNCIL
AGENDA BRIEFING
Staunton, VA
Meeting Date:
October 23, 2014
Staff Member:
Item #
B
Steve Owen
Sharon Angle
Ordinance #
Department:
City Manager
Planning and Inspections
Subject:
Backyard Hens
Background: The Food Policy Council (FPC) was established earlier this year by the City
Manager, to advise him concerning food issues. Last month, the FPC endorsed a proposal to
permit backyard hens in the City and forwarded the proposal to the City Manager for further
consideration. The proposal is attached for City Council’s review. At the request of the FPC,
Allison Profeta will present the proposal to Council during its regular meeting.
City Manager’s Recommendation: Receive the proposal and, if Council desires, refer the
proposal to the Planning Commission for review and recommendation.
Suggested Motion: I move that City Council refer the proposal concerning backyard hens to
the Planning Commission for its review and a recommendation to City Council.
City Manager: Stephen F. Owen
Proposed chicken legislation:
Legalize hens (no roosters).
A maximum of 6 hens per property.
Every owner of fowl of any description shall confine them so as to prevent their straying to
the premises of others.
Owners must provide at least three square feet of space for each chicken within a structure
designed for such purpose and consisting of four walls and a roof, provided that the number
of such female chickens does not exceed a total of six for the affected parcel of real
property.
Coops shall be designated accessory structures and added as a permitted accessory
structure to code # 18.110.030 under current Staunton zoning regulations.
Residents who rent will be required to obtain written permission from landlord(s) prior to
obtaining chickens.
Frequently Asked Questions About Backyard Hens:
Why do people want to be allowed to keep backyard hens?
Chickens today are viewed as low‐maintenance, personable, fun, and affordable animals
that bring communities together. Most people who long to keep backyard hens are
gardeners, composters, environmentalists, perma‐culture enthusiasts, and citizens who
care about the communities in which they live. According to Joel Salatin, Virginia farmer,
lecturer, and author, the single best thing that people who live in cities can do to improve
the quality of their food is to keep backyard chickens.
Will they affect our property values?
Any activity that encourages people to spend more time outside, that encourages people to
interact more with their neighbors over the fence, that encourages people to plant more, to
care more, can’t be a bad thing. Chickens do ALL of the above. They compost, they eat
household food scraps and garden pests, they provide fresh eggs, they charm us, they help
children learn about food sources, they help adults learn about food sources. If we trust
residents to build dog houses and rabbit hutches in thoughtful, attractive ways, then there
is no reason not to trust our residents to keep chickens in the same manner.
In an examination of 7 nearby Virginia cities (Richmond, Waynesboro, Chesterfield,
Roanoke, Charlottesville, Lynchburg, and Alexandria), all of whom allow the keeping of
backyard hens, their median house or condo values all rose between the years of 2000 and
2012. The same can be said about Staunton’s median house or condo values.
Out of the 7 cities, more than half of them have property values higher than Staunton’s.
These statistics indicate that chicken keeping certainly does not lower property values. In
fact, there are indications that they can in fact raise property values.
This article examined the top 10 housing markets that are appreciating in value, according
to Forbes magazine. 9 out of those 10 cities allow residents to keep backyard hens. A
similar examination of the 10 sickest housing markets according to a Wall Street blog,
shows that only 3 of them allow backyard chickens.
Are chickens smelly?
Chickens don’t smell. Any animal not properly cared for will smell. Any person who has
walked into the yard or home where a neglected animal lives can tell from the smell that an
animal is not being cared for properly. And it’s typically either a dog or cat, both of which
are legal. As for being dirty, it takes 3 chickens to produce as much waste as one medium
sized dog. And you can’t compost dog poop.
Why do gardeners love chickens so much?
Chickens are amazing composters. In fact, there is a city in Belgium that made the decision
to give away free chickens to about 2000 homes in an effort to cut back on waste and the
money it was costing them to cart away and process waste. “In the region of Limburg,
near the Dutch border, more than 2,500 families adopted hens [in 2009], a 306 per cent
rise on the previous year.” They were able to eliminate thousands of pounds of household
waste from their landfills, just by giving away chickens. Pince, a city in France, also gave
away free hens and expects them to consume an average of 330 pounds of household
waste per year. We are not suggesting that Staunton give away free chickens, but wanted
to point out why they are so valuable to gardeners.
What about the noise?
Noise would certainly be a concern with roosters, but we are asking for the legalization of
hens only. So noise should be of no concern. Dogs are much louder than chickens and they
are legal. Roosters are not needed for hens to produce eggs, so we are not asking to keep
roosters in the city.
Statistics support that the loudest clucking from chickens inside a coop can reach 70
decibels.
“According to COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE LEVELS, normal conversation is about 60
decibels. So the loudest your neighbors chicken might be is ten times normal conversation ‐‐
‐ if you're right there having a conversation with the chicken. Air conditioners are in the 50‐
75 decibel range. So some AC units are louder than chickens and they can run a large part of
the day, while hens only occasionally get up to that 70 decibel peak. According to the
CDC/NIOSH table, the audio portion of a TV is 70 decibels, so if your neighbor had a TV
outside that sometimes went on, that is about what you might hear in terms of decibels.
Bear in mind that if you are twenty feet away it will be closer to 50 decibels or less.
But chickens don't produce the drone of an air conditioner compressor or the tempting‐to‐
eavesdrop murmuring of a TV show ‐‐ they are sporadic avian commentators and their
contribution to your neighborhood acoustic environment will pale in comparison to the
birds in your yard.
One ASPCA study in an animal shelter found that the barking of large, adoptable dogs
exceeded 70 decibels over 85% of the time.”
Source: http://sarasotacluck.blogspot.com/2010/11/noisy‐chickens‐quieter‐than.html
Will chickens attract predators?
If that is a concern we would have to outlaw outdoor cats and rabbits, both of which are
legal in Staunton, both of which attract predators. Properly secured chickens do not attract
more wildlife than the neighborhood cats that roam our yards and not only prey on wildlife,
but fall prey to wildlife themselves. Most modern‐day coops are designed to protect
chickens, and most chicken keepers prefer to protect their flock in order to keep costs down
and keep productive chickens. Protecting chickens is done in a number of ways, none of
which significantly affect an area, and in fact are similar to the protection provided to
outdoor rabbits (which are legal in Staunton.)
How would chicken coops be regulated?
We ask that they be treated the same as rabbit hutches are currently treated. As per Mr.
Timothy Hartless, a City Planner with the Staunton Planning and Inspections Department,
rabbit hutches are treated as an accessory structure – they must be set back 5 feet from any
property line – anything larger than 200 square feet requires a building permit. The
maximum allowable height is 15 feet and no more than 30% of the yard can be covered in
structures. We strongly believe that no further legislation is required.
FEEDBACK FROM STAUNTON RESIDENTS:
In April, 2014 Staunton resident Allison Profeta started an online petition on change.org,
directed at the Staunton City Food Policy Council, asking that hens be legalized in the city of
Staunton. As of August 20, 2014, there are 381 signatures on the petition, 247 of which are
Staunton residents. (The petition can be viewed here:
https://www.change.org/p/staunton‐virginia‐food‐policy‐council‐please‐legalize‐backyard‐
hens‐in‐staunton‐va. Signatures can be downloaded and emailed upon request.)
Here are some comments left on the petition from Staunton residents:
Anne Buzzelli: “I want to be able to have control over the production of a sustainable
source of protein (chicken eggs) at my home.”
Samantha Gray: “Gardens and chickens were banned by homeowner's associations
back in the middle of the century as a part of gentrification and suburbanization, to be
replaced by grass monocultures and hedges. These lawns and hedges are a sinkhole of
resources and break up the community. They force us to rely upon outside sources for
our food supply and turn what could be valuable resources for compost and
regeneration into waste that must be dealt with by the city and citizen's tax dollars. Make
Staunton a strong and resilient community and encourage small scale agrarianism!”
Brittany Sorrels: “Hens provide fresh eggs, offer free fertilizer, and they naturally control
insect pests without unwanted chemicals. These are just a few initial benefits that don't
even touch on how they help families as a whole. Please grant us this freedom.”
Eli Sutton: “Having kept chickens in the past, we, who are new to Staunton, want to
have a few hens again. If only the city would join other enlightened cities in VA...”
Lisa Millette: “The most local you can get is your backyard. Our green spaces can be
better utilized to supplement our own diets (and it is healthier too!)”
Ellen Butchart: “Backyard chickens (anywhere, including urban homes) have provided
healthy food at low cost for families, the chickens are wonderful pets for children, they
help maintain a well tilled garden, help compost and control garden pests.”
FEEDBACK FROM NEARBY VIRGINIA CITIES:
Allison Profeta spoke directly with city officials in three Virginia cities that have laws
allowing residents to keep chickens. Below is the feedback received:
CHARLOTTESVILLE:
Charlottesville City Council referred me to the City Attorney’s office, which oversees
regulations. I spoke with Paralegal Barbara Ronan who was very familiar with the laws
concerning chickens. She stated that chickens are not a problem in the city. Rarely are
complaints ever received – she estimated no more than once or twice per year. She stated
that chicken owners are responsible and maintain coops in their backyards. They do not
regulate end of life care for chickens, beyond Chapter 4 of their code which mandates
humane treatment of all animals and fowl. She stated, “Chickens are not a big deal. We
allow our citizens to keep mini goats.” She went on to say that the animals they allow in
Charlottesville have all been a positive experience for the city.
WAYNESBORO:
Waynesboro City Council felt that their animal control officer would be the best person to
speak about the chickens in their city. I spoke with Waynesboro’s only animal control
officer, Officer Vee Price. Officer Price stated that chickens are not a problem in the city of
Waynesboro. She stated that since she has been an officer with the city, Waynesboro
annexed a large amount of rural land into their city, and that the land now falls under City
code and laws. As a result of the annexation, the city has had a large increase in their
chicken population over the last 5 – 6 years since many of the landowners own chickens.
Waynesboro also allows residents to keep chickens.
Having detailed all of this, she stated that she deals with very few complaints about
chickens, roosters, noise, or smell. The very few complaints that she does receive are
usually centered around the Hispanic population in Waynesboro. She stated that some
Hispanic community members have educated her about their cultural beliefs and practices
in regards to animals. Officer Price stated that the complaints she receives are a direct
result of these cultural practices, which include not providing clean water for their animals
and not properly sheltering animals, and she went on to state that “the complaints do not
only center on chickens, but their keeping of dogs as well.”
Officer Price stated that the largest concentrated area of chickens is in Waynesboro’s
historic district. She said she rarely has problems or complaints from that area of the city in
regards to chickens. She stated, “Neighbors share their eggs with each other. They take
care of the chickens in the city. It’s been a very positive thing for Waynesboro.”
Officer Price said that the city of Waynesboro does not regulate end of life care for
chickens. “We haven’t touched that,” she said. “What each resident does, so long as it is
done privately and humanely, it is their own business. We have not received any
complaints regarding chicken slaughtering.”
RICHMOND:
Richmond City Council directed me to Animal Control, and I spoke to Animal Control Officer
Donna Miskovic, as well as the Director of Animal Control Christie Chipps Peters. It should
be notes that Richmond only legalized the keeping of chickens in April, 2013.
Officer Miskovic stated that there has been no increase in the number of chicken complaints
since legalizing the keeping of chickens. She acknowledged that prior to legalizing chickens,
Richmond Animal Control knew of residents who kept chickens in
violation of the law, and that there were rarely any complaints then as well. She stated that
Richmond landlords have been happy that renters are required to obtain their permission,
and that several renters currently own chickens. She stated that Richmond does not
regulate end of life care for chickens and said, “If Richmond City can do it, I feel any Virginia
city can do it.”
Director of Animal Control, Ms. Chipps Peters, confirmed that Richmond has not seen any
influx in complaints about chickens. She stated that some of the city’s most affluent
neighborhoods have high concentrations of chickens and that the owners have beautiful
coops purchased from high‐end retailers. She admitted that she anticipated a “giant
burden” on city resources when the law went into effect but now finds it to be a “pleasant
thing.” She went on to say, “The people in Richmond who own chickens are happy people.
I see this as a positive public relations story for the city of Richmond.” She also confirmed
that Richmond does not regulate end of life issues and feel that is best left up to chicken
owners.
ATTACHMENT 2
ORDINANCES
STAUNTON
CITY OF FREDERICKSBURG
CITY OF HARRISONBURG
CITY OF SALEM
CITY OF WINCHESTER
Chapter 18.20
R-1 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT
Sections:
18.20.010 General description.
18.20.020 Permitted principal and accessory uses and structures.
18.20.030 Uses permitted on review.
18.20.040 Area regulations.
18.20.050 Height regulations.
18.20.060 Off-street parking.
18.20.070 Occupancy limitations.
18.20.010 General description.
These districts are intended to be used for single-family residential development with low population
densities. Additional permitted uses, by review of the planning commission, include educational facilities
normally required to provide the basic elements of a balanced and attractive residential area. (Zoning
ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
18.20.020 Permitted principal and accessory uses and structures.
Property and buildings in an R-1 district shall be used only for the following purposes:
(1) Detached single-family dwellings, but not including trailer houses or mobile homes.
(2) Temporary buildings for uses incidental to construction work, which buildings shall be immediately
adjacent to said construction work and which buildings shall be removed upon completion or
abandonment of the construction work.
(3) Transportation and utility easements, alleys, and rights-of-way.
(4) Accessory uses and buildings, provided such uses are incidental to the principal use and do not
include any activity commonly conducted as a business. Any accessory building shall be located on the
same lot with the principal building.
(5) Signs as regulated in Chapter 18.140 SCC.
(6) Agricultural crops (not to be sold), and not the raising of farm animals or poultry.
(7) The keeping of less than three boarders or roomers by a resident family with parking as required by
Chapter 18.125 SCC, Table of Parking Spaces Required, boarding or rooming house.
(8) Home occupations as regulated in Chapter 18.150 SCC.
(9) Co-location of telecommunication antenna and related equipment as regulated in SCC 18.185.020(4).
(Zoning ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
18.20.030 Uses permitted on review.
The following uses may be permitted on review by the city council in accordance with provisions
contained in Chapter 18.210 SCC:
(1) Churches or similar places of worship, with accessory structures but not including missions or revival
tents.
(2) Elementary or high schools, public or private.
(3) Public parks, playgrounds, and playfields, and neighborhood and municipal buildings and uses in
keeping with the character and requirements of the district.
(4) Libraries, museums, and historical monuments or structures.
(5) Utilities, substations and pumping plants, provided the area is adequately landscaped and structures
are reasonably attractive.
(6) Golf courses, or country clubs, with adjoining grounds of not less than 60 acres, but not including
miniature courses and driving tees operated for commercial purposes.
(7) Cemeteries.
(8) A planned residential development as regulated in SCC 18.105.020.
(9) Social and recreational uses not operated for gain. (Zoning ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
18.20.040 Area regulations.
All buildings shall be set back from street right-of-way lines and lot lines to comply with the following
yard requirements:
(1) Front Yard.
(a) For dwellings, the minimum depth of the front yard shall be 30 feet and in no case shall an accessory
building be located or extend into the front yard.
(b) All other permitted uses shall have a front yard setback of 35 feet.
(2) Side Yard.
(a) For a single-story dwelling, located on interior lots, side yards shall be not less than eight feet in
width; however, the sum of the two side yards shall not be less than 20 feet. For dwellings of more than
one story there shall be side yards of not less than 12 feet each.
(b) For unattached buildings of accessory use, there shall be a side yard of not less than eight feet;
provided, however, that unattached one-story buildings of accessory use shall not be required to set
back more than five feet from an interior side lot line when all parts or the accessory buildings are
located more than 10 feet behind the main building.
(c) Churches and other main and accessory buildings, other than dwellings, and buildings accessory to
dwellings, shall set back from all side lot lines a distance of not less than 35 feet.
(3) Rear Yard.
(a) For main buildings there shall be a rear yard of not less than 35 feet.
(b) Unattached buildings of accessory use shall not be located closer to any rear lot line than five feet.
(4) Lot Width.
(a) For all dwellings there shall be a minimum lot width of 75 feet at the front building line, such lot shall
abut on a public street for a distance of not less than 30 feet.
(b) For lots having width of not more than 150 feet, the lot length shall be not greater than three times
the lot width.
(5) Intensity of Use.
(a) For each dwelling and building accessory thereto there shall be a lot area of not less than 15,000
square feet.
(b) For churches and other main and accessory buildings, other than dwellings, and buildings accessory
to dwellings, the lot area shall be adequate to provide the yard areas required by this chapter and the
off-street parking areas required in Chapter 18.125 SCC; provided, however, that the lot area for a
church shall be not less than 30,000 square feet.
(c) There shall be no more than one dwelling unit on each lot.
(6) Maximum Lot Coverage.
(a) Dwellings and buildings accessory thereto shall cover not more than 30 percent of the lot area.
(b) Churches and other main and accessory buildings shall cover not more than 25 percent of the lot
area. (Zoning ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
18.20.050 Height regulations.
No main building shall exceed two and one-half stories or 35 feet in height, except as provided in
Chapter 18.115 SCC. Accessory buildings shall not exceed 15 feet in height. (Zoning ordinance Art. 4, §
1).
18.20.060 Off-street parking.
Off-street parking is as regulated in Chapter 18.125 SCC. (Zoning ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
18.20.070 Occupancy limitations.
Occupancy limitations are as regulated in Chapter 18.180 SCC. (Zoning ordinance Art. 4, § 1).
6.05.060 Fowl or livestock running at large.
(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to allow or permit any fowl, poultry, or livestock of any description
to stray to public property or private premises of another, and all poultry, fowl, and livestock shall be
sufficiently housed or fenced by the owner or person exercising control over the same, so as to prevent
the same from trespassing or straying.
(2) It shall be unlawful for any person to suffer or permit any horse, mule, cow, calf, ox, swine, or goat
owned or controlled by him to walk or to be driven along any paved sidewalk in the city or to turn loose
or permit the same to go at large in any public street or alley of the city. (Code 1964, § 6-2; Code 1985,
§ 6-6).
Fredericksburg, VA
DIVISION 1: Chickens
5 14-231 Keeoins of chickens.
lOrd. No. L2-2O, 9-7L-2OL2I
Keeping of up to four chickens on an occupied single-family residential lot shall be allowed, provided
that:
tll
No person shall keep any rooster.
12I
The chickens shall be used only for non-commercial household egg production. selling eggs and
slaughtering chickens shall be prohibited.
r3I
The chickens shall be provided with a clean, covered, well-ventilated enclosure that is secure from
predators.
l4L
The chickens must be kept in the covered enclosure or within a fenced area at all times.
t5L
No enclosure shall be located closer than 25 feet to an occupied residential dwelling, 20 feet to a side
yard line and five feet to a rear lot line.
16I
The person shall obtain a license under S 14-241.
Any person who keeps chickens under this section shall comply with all city and Virginia laws,
ordinances, and regulations regarding care, shelter, sanitation, health, noise, cruelty, neglect,
reasonable control, and any other requirements pertaining to the adequate care and control of animals
in the CiW.
$ 14-232 Licenses and fees.
lOrd. No. t2-2O, 9-tL-2O121
A.
Any person who keeps chickens lor bees] in the City of Fredericksburg shall obtain an annual license
prior to January 1 of each year, or prior to acquiring the chickens. The license year commences on
January 1 and ends on the following December 31.
B.
Application shall be made to the City Treasurer and the fee for the license shall be S10.
c.
The treasurer or other authorized individual shall collect the fee and shall assess and collect a late fee of
55 if the person fails to obtain a license prior to April 1 of each year, or fails to obtain a license prior to
acquiring the chickens. All late fees received or collected shall be paid to the City Treasurer.
D,
The applicant for the license shall provide written permission from the owner of the property if the
applicant is not the owner. The owner's written permission is not required for license renewal.
E.
The City Manager may address any condition related to chicken-keeping that constitutes a public
nuisance as defined in City Code Chapter 59 including but not limited to chickens running at large,
unsanitary conditions, or excessive noise, using the nuisance abatement procedures contained therein.
F,
A law enforcement officer may address any such violation of City Code Chapter 14, "Animals," Article
lll
"Animal Care and Control," associated with a permitted chicken through the issuance of a criminal
summons or through a written notice of violation. The notice of violation shall conform to the
requirements set forth in City Code 5 59-5. "Notice to abate." However, the failure of the person
responsible to abate the violation within the time provided shall result in the issuance of a criminal
summons for the violation.
G.
The City Manager or his designee may revoke the license if, after the issuance of a notice of violation,
there remains one or more uncorrected violations of this or any ordinance lsection] in this chapter, the
noise ordinance, or the public nuisance Chapter 59, or any other applicable Virginia or local law or
regulation regulating the keeping of chickens [or beesl after the time provided therein for correction, or
in the case of multiple corrected violations within a twelve-month period.
Harrisonburg, VA Code of Ordinances
Page 12 of 15
(Ord. of 9-9-03)
Sec.15-2-21. - Adoption of state law.
Pursuant to the provisions of 5 3.1-796.94 of the Code of Virginia, 1 950, as amended from time to
time, all of the provisions and requirements of the Comprehensive Animal Laws of the Code of Virginia,
except those which by their very nature cannot have application within the city, are hereby adopted
and made part of this chapter as if fully set out herein, and are hereby made applicable within the city,
unless the subject and content of such state law is specifically addressed in this chapter. lt shall be
unlawful for any person, within the city, to violate, fail, neglect or refuse to comply with any section of
the Comprehensive Animal Laws of the Code of Virginia, as adopted by this section.
(Ord. of 9-9-03)
sec. 15-2-22. - violations of this chapter.
All violations of this chapter shall be unlawful acts and constitute a Class 4 misdemeanor, unless
otherwise provided in this chapter.
(Ord. of 9-9-03)
Sec. 15-2-23. - Enforcement of chapter.
The orovisions of this chapter 2, shall be enforced by the police department throuSh the animal
control officer and other law enforcement officers. Any person who shall interfere with or obstruct or
by law
resist any officer in the discharge of his rights, powers and duties as authorized and prescribed
shall be punished in accordance with state law.
(ord. of 9-9-03)
Sec. 15-2-24. - Fowl, chickens and
(a)
(b)
(c)
other domestic birds'
but not limited to:
Definitions. Forryl is defined as any of various domestic birds by way of example
and pigeons'
Chickens, roosters, ducks, geese, turkeys, guinea fowl, emus, rheas' ostriches
fowl within the
tt shall be unlawful for any person to keep, permit or allow any domesticated
within the corporate
corporate limits of the city, or to allow any domesticated fowl to run at large
limits of the city, except as specifically permitted below'
limits of
lt shall only be lawful for a person to keep, permit or allow chickens within the corporate
the city on residential property only, under the following terms and conditions:
(1) No more than four (4) chicken hens shall be allowed for each single-family dwelling' No
housing park
chickens shall be allowed on townhouse, duplex, apartment or manufactured
propefties'chickensa||owedunderthissectionsha||on|yberaisedfordomesticpurposes
allowed.
and no commercial use such as sellinS eggs or selling chickens for meat shall be
(2)
Each single-family dwelling shall contain at a minimum two (2) acres of land'
(3)
No roosters shall be allowed.
There shall be no outside slaughtering of birds.
pen
(s) All chicken hens must be kept at all times in an enclosed secure movable or stationary
that contains at a minimum four (4) square feet per bird'
lines
(6) All enclosed pens must be situated at least wventy-five (25) feet from adjoining property
any city
and shall not be located in storm drainage area that would allow fecal matter to enter
(4\
storm drainage system or stream.
about:blank
2191201s
Harrisonburg, VA Code of Ordinances
Page 13
of
(7)
All enclosed pens must be kept in a neat and sanitary condition at all times, and must be
cleaned on a regular basis so as to prevent offensive odors. Once a permit is obtained
pursuant to this section, the permittee agrees to semi-annual inspections by the Virginia
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services veterinarians.
(8)
All feed for the chickens sha ll be kept in a secu re container or location to prevent the
15
attraction of rodents and other animals.
(9)
Chicken litterand waste shall not be deposited in any trash conta iner that is collected by any
public or private waste collector and shall be disposed of by composting either on site or at
the county landfill in accordance with the applicable permit. Also any dead bird shall not be
deposited in any trash container that is collected by any public or private waste collector but
shall be taken to the county landfill to be composted in accordance with the applicable permit.
(10)
Persons wishing to keep chicken hens pursuant to this subsection must file an application
with the city's department of community development, which application shall include a
sketch showing the area where the chickens will be housed and the types and size of
enclosures in which the chickens shall be housed along with a tvventy-five dollar ($25.00) fee.
The sketch must show all dimensions and setbacks. As part ofthe application process all
persons must complete the Virginia Livestock Premises Registration with the Virginia State
Veterinarian's Office prior to the issuance of a permit. Once the site and enclosures have been
inspected and approved by the city's animal control officer, the city's animal control officer
shall issue a permit, which permit shall be valid for one (1)year. Each existing permit must be
renewed annually by filing a renewal application with the city's department of community
development along with the payment of the twenty-five dollar (925.00) annual fee and by
having the city's animal control officer make another inspection of the site.
(d) The above subsection (c) shall not apply to indoor birds, such as, but not limited to, parrots or
parakeets, or to the lawful transportation of fowl through the corporate limits ofthe city. Neither
shall it apply to fowl kept in areas of the city as a legal nonconforming use.
(e)
Fowl currently existing in the city shall not be "grandfathered" or permitted to remain after the
effective date of this section; however, owners ofthe fowl will have ninety (90) days from the
effective date to come into compliance with this section.
(f) Any person found guilty of violatingthis
section shall be guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor and
subsequent violations of this section by the same person shall constitute a Class 2 misdemeanor.
(Ord. of 8'71-09)
Editor's
note-
Ord. of 8-1 1-09, set out provisions intended for use as E 15-2-25. For purposes of classification, and
at the editor's discretion, these provisions have been included as 5 l5-2-24
CHAPTER 6. - RAT CONTROL
Sec. 15-6-1. -
Definitions.
For the purposes of this chapter, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings
respectively ascribed to them by this section:
(1\
Hordwore c/ofh. Wire screening of such thickness and spacing as to afford reasonable
protection against the entrance of rats and mice.
about:blank
2t9t2015
Salem,
VA Code of Ordinances [codes] - Sec. 106-318.1. - Kee... Page 1 of 3
Sec. 106-318.1. - Keeping of chickens.
$B@s
(A) lntent.fhe keeping of chickens supports a local, sustainable
food system by providing
an affordable, nutritious food source offresh eggs. These regulations are to provide
appropriate standards for the keeping of chickens within an urban residential
environment, while protecting the residential integrity of the surrounding neighborhood
and the health and safety of the chickens.
(B) General standards. Keeping of chickens, as defined herein, shall be permitted as an
accessory use to single family dwellings if (i) the use is conducted at the applicant's
place of residence, (ii) the use is conducted for personal household consumption only,
and (iii) subject to the following conditions:
'1. Each parcel shall contain one single family dwelling and must have a minimum lot
size of one-quarter acre (10,890 square feet).
2.
Chickens are defined herein as domestic female chicken hens. Roosters are
prohibited.
3.
Chickens shall be kept for the household's personal consumption only. Commercial
use such as selling eggs or selling chickens for meat shall be prohibited.
4.
5.
6.
There shall be no slaughtering or processing of chickens.
7.
8.
No more than six chickens shall be allowed.
Adequate shelter, care and control of the chickens are required. Any person
allowed to keep chickens under this section shall comply with all of the provisions
and requirements ofthe city and state code regarding care, shelter, sanitation,
health, rodent control, cruelty, neglect, noise, reasonable control and any other
requirements pertaining to, but not limited to, the adequate care and control of
animals in the city.
The owner of the chickens shall take necessary action to reduce the attraction of
predators and rodents and the potential infestation of insects and parasites.
Chickens found to be infested with insects and parasites that may result in
unhealthy conditions may be removed by an animal control officer.
Chickens shall not be allowed to roam free. They shall be kept in an enclosed
secure area not to exceed a total of 128 square feet, hereinafter known as a pen.
Pens shall include a coop (enclosed structure) containing a minimum of one and
one-half square foot per hen and an open run area containing a minimum of eight
square feet per hen. Pens may be portable.
9.
The materials used for pens shall be uniform and kept in good condition in order to
protect the safety of the chickens.
10.
https://www.municode.com/library/va/salem/codes/code_of
ordin...
21912015
Salem,
VA Code of Ordinances [codes] - Sec. 106-318.1. - Kee... Page2 of 3
All pens shall be deemed accessory structures and shall comply with the setback
requirements as provided in section 106-202.3(BX2) herein, and shall be no closer
than 50 feet from any adjacent principal structure, situate on an adjacent parcel,
other than that of the owner of the chickens. Portable oens shall be moved on a
regular basis.
11.
12.
All pensshall be located in the rear yard only.
All pensshall be located out of any d ra inage
enter a storm drainage system or stream.
a
reas that could
a
llow feca I matterto
13.
All pens shall be constructed and maintained so as to be impermeable to rodents,
wild birds, and predators, including dogs and cats, and to prevent such animals or
other pests from being harbored underneath, inside, or within the walls ofthe
enclosure. All pens must be kept dry, well-ventilated, and in sanitary condition at all
times, and must be cleaned on a regular basis to prevent offensive odors. All
manure not used for composting or fertilizing shall be removed promptly. Odors
from chickens, manure, or other chicken-related substances shall not be detectable
at the property boundaries.
'14.
All feed or other material intended for consumption by the chicken shall be kept in
containers impenetrable by rats or other rodents, and such container shall be
equipped with tightly fitting caps or lids. All feeding shall be conducted in a manner
so as to prevent unconsumed food from being accessible to other animals or
rodents. The presence of rodents in an area used for the keeping of chickens shall
be prima facie evidence that such area is maintained in violation of this section.
15.
16.
Composting of chicken litter and waste on site is highly encouraged. lf any litter
and/or waste is to be disposed of, it must be double bagged and securely closed
and deposited in either a city approved receptacle or taken to the city transfer
station. Also, any dead chickens shall also be double bagged and securely closed
and deposited in either a city approved receptacle or taken to the city transfer
statio n.
Disposal of litter, waste, and dead chickens on public land or in the sewage or
stormwater collection system is strictly prohibited.
(C) Administration.
'1.
Persons wishing to keep chickens pursuant to this subsection must file an
application with the city zoning department. The application shall include a sketch
showing the area where the chickens will be housed and all types and size of
enclosures in which the chickens will dwell along with a $25.00 fee. The sketch must
show all property dimensions and setbacks. Once the site and enclosures have
been inspected and approved by the city's animal control officer, a permit will be
issued. The permit shall be valid for one year. Each existing permit must be
renewed annually in July by filing an application with the city zoning department,
along with payment of a $25.00 renewal. The animal control officer shall make
another inspection of the site, prior to the approval of the renewal application.
2.
Any violations found may subject the owner to revocation of their permit and to
criminal charges as provided herein.
https://www.municode.com/library/va./salem/codes/code_olordin.. 21912015
Salem,
VA Code of Ordinances [codes] - Sec. 106-318.1. - Kee...
Page 3 of 3
The provisions of this section shall be enforced bythe zoning administrator and
such enforcement authority may be delegated by the administrator to the animal
control office or other departments of the city.
(D)
4.
Any person violating any of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a
class 4 misdemeanor. Each day a violation continues shall constitute a separate
offen se.
5.
The keeping of chickens in AG-Agriculture district shall conform with the
requirements ofSee0gnl_Q6:302 herein, and shall not be subject to the provisions
ofuCc!ql_Q6j!l_6.3 and section 1 06-31 8
Existing use at time of enarfl.rert Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this
section, places of residences where chickens (roosters not being permitted under any
circumstances) are currently being kept at the time of enactment of this ordinance shall
have a period of two years from such date of enactment to comply with the
requirements herein. However, those eligible hereunder shall, on or before August 1,
2012, declare and certify such existing use to the satisfaction ofthe city and make
application as required byEg!ell-85318.
1(C).
(Ord. of6-25-2012(2))
https://www.municode.com/library/valsalem/codes/code_of
ordin...
21912015
WINCHESTER CODE
(b)
It shall be unlawful for any person who owns, possesses, or has control ofan
exotic animal to permit such animal to be on the public sidewalks and streets
located in the City of Winchester except for the following:
(l)
(2)
Any animal in an escape-proof container.
Any animal used as a part ofa display, act, circus, parade or similar event
for which an approved event permit issued by the City has been issued or
any other event ofa public nature which has the prior approval ofthe City.
(Ord. No. 026-93,9-14-93; Ord. No. 20tl-21,10-l l-l l)
Note: This section was designated Section 5-14 by Ord. No. 026-93, but has been
renumbered Section
SECTION
5- 13.
5-I4.
Kf,,EPING LIVESTOCK AIID FOWL WITHIN THE CITY
LIMITS.
(a)
For the purposes ofthis section:
(l)
(2)
(b)
The term "livestock" refers to all breeds ofcattle, goats, horses, llamas,
sheep, and swine, including miniatures ofeach.
The term "fowl" refers to all breeds ofchickens, ducks, geese, guineafowl,
peafowl, swans, and turkeys.
It shall be unlawful for any person to raise or keep livestock or fowl within the
City with the exception of the following:
(l)
The property on which the livestock or fowl is kept is at least two acres in
(2)
The livestock or fowl are securely fences or are otherwise prevented from
size, and
escape.
(c)
On properties oftwo or more acres, one animal unit is allowed for each acre in
the property which is set aside for animal use.
(l)
(2)
An animal unit consists of:
one (l) bull, cow, llama, or steer; or
three (3) horses; or
six (6) goats, sheep, or swine or any combination thereof; or
twelve (12) chickens, ducks, geese, guineafowl, peafowl, or swans
or any combination thereof.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
For horses, goats, sheep, swine, chickens, ducks, geese, guineafowl,
peafowl or swans the number of animals shall be rounded to the next
higher whole unit.
5-6
ANIMALS A]\ID FOWL
(3)
(d)
For the purposes of subsection (c), an animal shall not be counted until it
reaches the age ofeight months.
Animals' owners shall be subject to the City sound restrictions (Chapter l7 ofthis
Code) with regard to noises.
(Ord. No. 026-93, 9-14-93)
Note: This section was designated as Section
renumbered to Section 5- 14.
SECTION 5-I5.
5-
l5 by Ord. No. 026-93, bur has been
ANIMALS PROHIBITED IN FESTIVAL AREA DURING
SPECIFIED EVENTS.
(4.)
In furtherance ofthe protection ofpublic safety, the ChiefofPolice may prohibit
animals from entering designated areas on the "Downtown Mall" (which is
defined as the area north ofCork Street, south ofFairfax, east of Braddock and
west ofCameron St. inclusive ofthe named streets) during festivals and events
wherein it is determined by the Chief that the high volume of pedestrians
attending the event may be endangered by the presence of animals or where it is
believed that the animal could suffer injury due to the high volume ofattendees.
(b) Two weeks prior to imposing the restrictions, the Chiefofpolice shall publish, in
of general readership within the City, a Notice identifing the dates, time
and location ofthe restriction. During the event, the Chief shall have posted
signs clearly identifying the boundaries and restrictions imposed nursuant to this
section.
a paper
(c)
This Section shall not apply to service animals or vendors who have obtained
written authorization from the Chief of Police to have animals in the desisnated
area during the restriction period.
(d)
Residents living within the designated area shall be permitted to walk their
animals to and from their residence during periods ofrestriction, and may be
required to show proof of residency while walking their animals through
designated areas.
(Ord. No. 201l-05,
4-r2-ll)
ATTACHMENT 3
FOOD POLICY MEMBERS
2015 WORK PLAN
Food Policy Council
Members
1. Dr. Eric Curren, City Council
2. Mrs. Andrea Oakes, City Council
3. Ellen Butchart
4. Anne Buzzelli
5. Rebecca Gallant
6. Betty Hawpe
7. Susan Venable
8. Lindsey Lennon
9. Tracy Hiner
10. Claire Richardson
Food Policy Council
ll,lssring Mi[utes
5pm-6:30pm Tuesday December'9 '
11.61 flining Halt Mary Baldwin College
Attendancs Erik Curten, Andrea Oakes, Anne B*"dd R"b"".. G.I^ot, Anne Butchart, Claire
fuchardson, Ruth Jones, Susan Venable, Lindsey Lennon, Ttacy Hinet
r
FPC Mission'& Welcome
o
Speaken Ryan Blosser, Project GROWS!
Project GRO!7S is a collaboratire partnership. A study was completed in 2009 which helped create
Ptoject Gtows. OUR FARM! Theit farm belongs to everyone. They implement Educational
. Prograrrring, Ferm Training & Leadership Development, Sustainability, and incorporate fun things
into the farm fot children- chiikeos and colored vegetables (purple caffots, white caffots and pulple
potatoes). Their next endeavot included a Fimess/Food Exercise Tmil, Waynesboro City Urban
F""-,
a Staunton City Urban Fam* (*this has yet to be exploted witl Staunton Ciry
^td PtentiallJ
staff, it is just a future hope).
.
Ms. Veneable said that she is glad that Staunton is in the mix as a potential location. Ruth asks how
much funding it would cost in Staunton- $25,000 for greenhouse and then 910,000-915,000 for rows
outside of the greenhouse.
Mr. Curren said that part of sust.inxlility is selling goods. Does Proiect Gtovs plan to sell other
food in the future- like jams and canned goods? Not as of tight now, but perhaps in the future.
Ms. Lennon asked what the biggest barriers are for Ptoject Grows at this point? Ryan Blosser replied
that thete are many oPPortunities everywhete. Funding is a limitation. Funding fot staff to actually
nrn ttre progtams. They can always use volunteers, and 6nd money for firnding items needed. Ryan
said that in ordet to sustain z staff of 4 they are looking at $200,000 a yeat. Bigest barrier for the
chil&en, is Eansportation. Getting chil&en out to the famr. Also, lack of of6.ial &ta and eway of
collecting conctete &ta. They also need the. abi.lity to grow and prcvide mote food.
Inpnnpn
Backlard Hm 4date:
Next steP is a public hearing with the Planning Commission. The Planning Commission heard ftom
2 concemed citizens and 2 pto-chickeir citizens. Sorire of the concems vrete that the chickens would
draw ptedators (skunks and cats) to city n+hbothoods.
.
Logo/Identity Presentation: Anne Buzzelli
Bob Weeks ceated Several logos for the FPC to choose &om. The FpC vote was for the hand
cupping the field, howevet the hand wasn't the gtaphic of choice. The logo should look mote ,
"stauntonesquel' with pethaps a smaller hand, ot diff.r.ot gr"phic altotethet. possibly use the
"
sunburst similat to the city of Staunton logos. There
should be a graphic elqiment that is Staunton
speci6c. Architectual feature ot a city house with a garden. Logos with two colots at most, maybe
three. A comment was madi tlat it seems a bit busy. Maybe go with the Staunton city colors. The
FPC needs to tlink, about a tagline fot the logo. Ms. Buzzelli vrill draft some pteliminary aglnes.
Ms. Gallant will be happy to wotk with Ms. Buzzelli. They will considet our mission and check othet
locality t"o,lins5. Anne will send ideas back to Bob Weeks.
o
'
Work Pbn Update
a-
Pet City Manager and Deputy City Manager tecommen&tion, the work plan date should change to
2015. Othet recommendations in regard to grant applicatiohs and seeking pdot apptoval thtough
City Management were also agreed upon by the FPC.
Inpnapta Discttsion: Starnton Farner\ Ma**
New vendors seem to be having a problem with the approval process. If enough individuals ate
getting deoied without adequate reasoning, the city might intervene if forrnal complaints are made.
.
Future Speaken & Schcduling
Jan and Feb speakers are set.
Jan neeting Agmda to inchfu:
Tnglines for logo
Upnning Spakers dy Futffi Idiat
JANUARY: Andrea Early, Hartisonb"rg City Schools
FEBRURARY: Ellen Butcharg Allegheny Mountain Institute
Food rrucks: Policies and how to facilitate a Iocal economy. what are the ordnances (business
license, health dept reguletions). Local food trucks: Delicious Dishe. Mamas Caboose
Housing Authodty (to discuss speciEc issues and barrien they are seeing and how individuals get
access to local food)
Bevedy Robinson from the Valley Mission
Ruth Jones ftom the Food Bank
Ttinity Church (gteat lunch program)
Chris Cain
2015 Food Policy
Council Work Plqn
The Staunton Food Policy Couocil is an advisory committee to the city tnanager, convened at the
recommendation of City Council i:r e^Ay 2074. The council's purpose is to teciimmend ways fot the City
to support locd food in Stauntoo and execute selected progiams to that end.
-
'City Council recommended the formation of the group because it recognized that the City had an
imporant role to play in ptomoting local food and that doing so could accomplish imporant goals of the
City: increase food secudty, enhaoce public health, encourage grass-roots ecogomic development, aod
make the city more resilient in case of future events such as natural disasten ot a continued uncertarn
economy.
As the F6od Policy Council has no allocated budget and possesses no statutory authority, we propose to
oPemte as a self-firnded inithtive outside the City's budget, using no taxpayer funds and drawing on a
minimum of time from City staff.
Accotdingly, we propose to undertake activities in four diffetent areas:
l' Research
I
2. Education
3. Parmerships
4. Policy
Potential activities for 2015 are listed below.
1. Research
In oldet to rccommend ideas to the City and undertake some activities outselves, we urill tequire a better
,n61stst^n'ling of the current landscape for local food in Staunton. This will entail not only assessing the
current supply
-
falmets markets, fatm stands, food stores and testaurants, gardens and urban farms
but also the state of curent demand
What ate the baniets to its use?
-
-
What percenage of our citizens uses local food on a regular basis?
Thus,
we propose to gather infotmation thr-_ ough both pdmary and secondary tesearch.
The majotity of
reseatch we plan to immediately pursue will be secondary, drawing on existini
data and analysis. A few
ideas of those sources include:
.
.
.
.
Feeding America
Augusa Health Needs Assessmeot (nutritioo was pat of it)
Staunton City Schools (Obesity)
VA Tech or possibly VA State Univetsity (Food Desert Study)
w-e- alsg
PioPose to conduct a limited amount of pdmary rcsearch, with the help of
!owev1,
our
mein effort here will be a I-ocal Food Needs Assess-.ot fo,
it".n to". irri. *p"r,
issues as:
'
-lJd
local colleges.
.o.r", ,.r.h
Food Deserts @oth traditionally defined and more ,peci6c"lty,
r.l^ting-to availabitty of local food)
.
.
Nuttition and Health Impacts
available EansPortzoon'
Barriers to Using l,ocal Food (such as cost, availability, accessibility through
desirability, and iamily use of ftesh ingtedients in home meal prcparation)
intetns at \lary
To collect this infotmation and compile a report, we *ould seek help at no cost ftom
Baldsrin, JMU, UVA, BRCC and other local colleges and universities'
2.
Education/Outreach
of Staunton
\0e would like to help raise awafeness of the bene6ts of local food among the citizens
order to deate more demand for current and future supply'
n
Accordingly, we would like to conduct a limited amouot of public outreach through several
communications channels:
Web and social med.ia
.
.
.
3.
News media
-
-
Websites and Facebook pages
fot out ovn gtoup and Patks and Rec
Local and regiona) Newspapets, btoadcast and online media oudets
Primadly co-sponsoring events such as Cooking classes, gardening demonstmflons or
and
clesses tlrough Parks and Recteation put on by othet groups that would require no budget
such
events,
our
own
two
of
little wotk bithe Food Council. We may also want to sponsor one or
as a speaker ptesent2tion, suPPoned by donations.
Events
-
Parmetships/Matchmaking
plan to support the effective work being done already in the community mostly in the pdvate sector by
oo.r-profit organizations to promote local food. The greatest lalue we believe we can add
b..sii.sse.
"od
aside ftom education listed above is to bring groups and organizations together so that they may form
parmerships and work mote effectively.
rJTe
.
.
Compile a list of local food otganizations working in the Staunton atea
Invite i:n tepresentatives to make presentations on their wotk to Food Policy meetings on a monthly
.
.
basis
Share information at those meetings and through out outreach activities
Identi& occasiond and televant gmnts to support the council's activities, with application to be
made by the City upon the apptoval of tle City Managet.
4. Policy
fot local ordinances as telates to food and farming within the city limrts
with the goal of teducing barders fot citizens to buy and produce their own local food while maintaining
or imptoving the city's ovetall quality of life.
Reseatch and recommend changes
For advice, we would plan to wotk with policy expetts stateu/ide, ftom UVA to the Civic Agricultue
Progmm at Virgiriia Tech.
ATTACHMENT 4
VIRGINIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION
SMALL SCALE POULTRY HOUSING
Small Scale Poultry Housing
Phillip J. Clauer, Poultry Extension Specialist, Animal and Poultry Sciences
Small scale poultry coops seem to be built in almost every possible shape and size. Those building a
new coop often ask for plans for the perfect chicken coop. However, few plans for small poultry houses
are available. Many existing buildings can easily be adapted to accommodate poultry. Poultry housing
can be as crude or elaborate as you wish to build as long as you provide the following:
1. Protection:
A good poultry house protects the birds from the elements (weather), predators, injury and theft.
Poultry require a dry, draft-free house. This can be accomplished by building a relatively draft free
house with windows and/or doors which can be opened for ventilation when necessary. Build the coop
on high, well-drained areas. This prevents prolonged dampness and water saturation of the floor of the
coop and outside runs. Face the front of the coop, the windows and outside run to the south which
allows the sun to warm and dry the coop and soil. Allowing an adequate level of space per bird also
helps keep the humidity level in the coop to a minimum.
Keeping poultry totally confined to together with fence and covered runs are your best protection from
predators. If you are building a new facility, consider laying a concrete floor, and start the wall with one
or two concrete blocks. This prevents rodents, snakes, and predators from digging under the walls and
the floors. Windows and doors must be securely covered with heavy-gauge mesh wire or screening
when opened.
With outside runs, bury the wire along the pen border at least 12" deep, and toe the fence outward about
6 inches. This stops most predators from digging under the fence. Animals always dig at the base of a
fence. By toeing the fence outward and burying it, the predator digs down right into more fencing. Some
people run electric fencing around the outside of their pens 4" off the ground about one foot from the
main fence to discourage predators. If your outside runs are not predator-proof, you need to lock up your
poultry before dark.
To prevent problems with hawks and owls, cover your outside runs with mesh wire or netting. A good
ground cover of millet, broomcorn, sorghum or other tall leafy vegetation also provides cover for the
birds to hide under. Many times a 3-4 ft. grid over the pen constructed of boiling twine will give
excellent protection from flying predators.
To protect the birds from theft, lock your building and pens securely whenever you are not home. Have
your neighbors watch for visitors while you are away. Some people actually have burglar alarms in their
bird coops. A protective dog kept near your coop usually works well to discourage predators and
unwanted visitors.
Build your poultry house to prevent possible injury to your birds. Remove any loose or ragged wire,
nails, or other sharp-edged objects from the coop. Eliminate all areas other than perches where the birds
could perch more than 4 feet above the floor. Remove perching areas such as window sills, nest box
tops, or electric cords whenever possible. These extra measures could eliminate any injury to you or
your birds and may prevent damage to the coop, as well.
2009
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
2902-1092
Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status.
An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department
of Agriculture cooperating. Mark A. McCann, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Alma C. Hobbs, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State, Petersburg.
2. Adequate Space:
Birds need adequate space for movement and exercise as well as areas to nest and roost. Space
requirements vary with the type of bird you raise.
Pigeons require a minimum of 4 square feet per breeding pair. One-eighth inch perch and two 9 inch x
9 inch nests per breeding pair are recommended.
Minimum Space Requirements
Type of Bird
Sq ft/bird inside
Sq ft/bird outside runs
Bantam Chickens
1
4
Laying Hens
1.5
8
Large Chickens
2
10
Quail
1
4
Pheasant
5
25
Ducks
3
15
Geese
6
18
Perches: With chickens, always provide 6 to 10 inches of perch space per bird. Perches are not usually
used with meat chickens and waterfowl.
Nests: Always provide at least one nest for every 4-5 females in the flock.
3. Easy Access to Feed and Water:
Feeders and waters should be placed conveniently throughout the pen for birds' access. Place the bottom
of the waterers and top lip of the feeders at the birds' back height. This will keep the feed and water
clean and prevent wastage.
Small birds like pigeons, bantams and quail, only require 1 linear inch/bird of feeder and water space
and large birds require 2-3 linear inches/bird.
When possible, place the waterer in the outside runs, especially for waterfowl. This helps to keep the
humidity level lower inside the coop.
4. Source of Light:
If you wish to produce eggs from your flock year-round, you must have a source for electric light. One
electric light every 40 feet at ceiling height is appropriate. Most small poultry houses do very well with
one light above the feeding and watering area.
Windows placed on the southside of the coop will also be a good source of light and warmth in winter
and a good source of ventilation in summer.
5. Ventilation:
Ample air movement without a draft is essential. Fresh air brings in oxygen while excess moisture,
ammonia or carbon dioxide are removed the stale air moves out of the house. Dampness and ammonia
build-up are a sign that there is not enough ventilation. For small coops windows or vents on one side of
the house usually provide plenty of ventilation. Well-ventilated houses must also have plenty of
2
insulation and a good vapor barrier. Failure to insulate or ventilate properly causes moisture to
accumulate on the walls and ceiling in cool weather. Poultry can handle cold very well if they are dry.
However, cool and humid conditions can create many health problems. Locate openings on the side
away from prevailing winds. The south or east side is usually best.
6. Appearance:
The appearance of any poultry house or outside run that is visible to the neighborhood should never
detract from the over-all appearance of the surroundings. Exteriors of structures should be kept painted
and well-maintained. Weeds and trash should be removed from around all facilities. Proper landscaping
can provide screening and also help muffle sounds from the birds. Unsightly structures are not good for
the image of bird raising and may lead to new laws restricting the raising of birds in your area.
7. Use Common Sense:
When building a poultry house, use common sense in designing the structure. Build the roof high
enough and situate such permanent structures as nests, roosts, and feeders for easy access and to make it
easier to clean all areas of the house. Install doors so that they open inward. Using sliding windows so
that the birds cannot roost on them rather than windows which swing in or out. Use building materials
which will be easy to clean and disinfect. Slightly sloping the floor toward the door can help prevent
puddling in the building and will make the building easier to spray out and dry between uses.
Reviewed by Audrey McElroy, associate professor, Animal and Poultry Sciences
3
Designs for Small Poultry Structures
The following are some designs of a few small poultry structures. However, remember, most existing
structures can easily be adapted to accommodate a small poultry flock.
Plan No. 6188, 50 to 80 Layers
4
5
Plan for a 20’ x 20’ Layer House
6
7
Plan for an 8’ x 8’ Layer House - 15 to 20 Hens
8
9