Onondaga County (NY) Correctional Facility Re

Onondaga County (NY) Correctional Facility Re

Onondaga County (NY)
Correctional Facility Re-roof Project:
Lessons Learned and Implications for
Roof Design
CRRC Membership Meeting
June, 2013 Reno NV
Michael D. Fischer
Director Codes & Regulatory Affairs
Project Background
• Onondaga County Infrastructure
– Storm-water Runoff and Sewer Capacity
– County-Owned Buildings
– Penitentiary Project Opportunity
• Penitentiary Reroof
– Cool Roofing
– Vegetative Roofing
– High R-Value Roof Assemblies
• CDH Engineering
– Hugh Henderson
Bigger Picture Issues
• Project Location
– Climate Zone 5, South of Syracuse NY
• Storm-water and Sanitary Capacity Issues
• Energy Efficiency
– Cooling vs. Heating
• Building Performance Issues
– Durability
– Moisture Management
– Maintenance Costs
Aerial View of Campus
Unit 4
Unit 3
Unit 2
Unit 1
Project Details
• Location
– Climate
– Elevation
• Building Size
• Building Occupancy
– Human Factors
• Maintenance
Project Details
• Side-by-Side Comparison of Roofing Systems
–
–
–
–
UNIT 1: EPDM w/ 4” of Foam Insulation
UNIT 2: TPO w/ 4” of Foam Insulation
UNIT 3: Vegetative Roof w/ 4” of Foam Insulation
UNIT 4: TPO w/ 8” of Foam Insulation
• Measured Performance Impacts
– Thermal Transfer / Energy Cost Impacts
– Water Retention Performance
Roof Assemblies
Approach
• Install dataloggers to continuously monitor
performance
– Two independent locations on each roof
– Collect data continuously at 15-minute intervals
– Directly measure temperature differences through roof
assembly
– Direct measurement of HVAC energy use was not
practical
• Presentation and Analysis
– Present data on internet (password protected)
– Others can use data for independent data analysis
Roof Sensor Location/Station
Thermocouple TRO
Thermocouple TRI
Thermocouple TAI
A & B Stations on Each Unit
1A
1B
Sensors Installed During
Construction
Thermocouple
Probe
Insulation
Board
Thermocouple on Top of Insulation
(station 1B)
Indoor Thermocouple
Vegetative Roof
Instrumentation
Point
Description
Instrument
TRO
Roof Temperature
(on top of insulation, under roof brd)
Roof Temperature
(under roof insulation, above deck)
Indoor Temperature
(just below the roof)
Type-T
Thermocouple
Type-T
Thermocouple
Type-T
Thermocouple
TRI
TAI
Point
Description
Instrument
TAO
Outdoor Temperature
ISH
Solar Insulation
(horizontal)
Green Roof Temperature
(in middle of soil layer)
Green Roof Moisture Content
(in middle of soil layer)
Rainfall
Type-T
Thermocouple
Licor LI200x
TGR
MGR
RAIN
WF
Water Flow from Green Roof
Mockup
Type-T
Thermocouple
Campbell
Scientific CS616
Texas
Electronics 525
Hydrolynx 5050
Eng
Units
ºF
Locations
ºF
At each station
ºF
At each station
At each station
Eng
Units
ºF
Locations
W/m2
Station 2A
ºF
Station 3A
0-1
Station 3A
Inches
Station 2A
Gal/h
Station 2A
Station 2A
Heat Transfer Analysis
TAO
Veg roof
(optional)
Deck Board
membrane
Insulation
Board
Where:
TRO
Rinsulation
- R-value for Insulation layer
(ºF-h-ft2/Btu)
q
- Heat flux through the roof
assembly (Btu/h-ft2)
q
Rinsulation
TRI
Concrete
Deck
TAI
q
=
(TRI-TRO)
Rinsulatiion
Daily Heat Loss
60
Unit 1: 4 in, EPDM
Impact of
Snow Cover
Unit 3: 4 in, Veg
Unit 4: 8 in, TPO
40
Heat Loss (Btu/ft^2-day)
Unit 2: 4 in, TPO
20
Heat Loss
0
Heat Gain
-20
-40
0
20
40
60
Outdoor Temperature (F)
80
100
Monthly Heat Loss
1,400
Unit 1: 4 in EPDM
1,200
1,000
Unit 3: 4 in Veg
800
Unit 4: 8 in TPO
600
400
200
Heat Loss
Heat Gain
(200)
(400)
-10
De
c
-10
No
v
0
t-1
Oc
-10
Se
p
-10
Au
g
l-1
0
Ju
0
n-1
Ju
0
y-1
Ma
10
Ap
r-
r-1
0
Ma
0
Fe
b- 1
n-1
0
(600)
Ja
Heat Loss (Btu/ft^2)
Unit 2: 4 in TPO
Heating Vs. Cooling Expense
Water Retention
Testing
100
80
60
1.0
Insolation (W/m^2)
Ambient Temperature (F)
Vegetative Roof Provides
Evaporative Cooling
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
40
22: 0: 2: 4: 6: 8: 10:12:14:16:18:20:22: 0:
0.0
22: 0: 2: 4: 6: 8: 10:12:14:16:18:20:22: 0:
25
80
20
15
10
5
0
22: 0: 2: 4: 6: 8: 10:12:14:16:18:20:22: 0:
Roof Temp (F)
Soil Moisture Content (%)
July 27, 2010
75
70
65
60
22: 0: 2: 4: 6: 8: 10:12:14:16:18:20:22: 0:
Stormwater Management
• Vegetative Roof Provided Manageable
Stormwater Flow
• Evaporative Cooling Effect
• Some Thermal Effects
• Maintenance Issues TBD
Impact
of Snow
& Rain
Temperature (F)
60
40
20
Ambient
0
30
Nov
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Dec
Heat Loss (Btu/ft^2-h)
Unit 1: 4 in, EPDM, Unit 2: 4 in, TPO, Unit 3: 4 in, Veg, Unit 4: 8 in, TPO
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
30
Nov
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Dec
Water (inches)
0.25
Rainfall
Drainage
0.20
0.15
Rain
Snow
(no drainage)
0.10
0.05
0.00
30
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
OC Conclusions From Jamesville
• Reflective Roofing is Energy Neutral
• Vegetative Roof Retains 75-80% of Stormwater
– Additional Cooling Season Benefits
• Insulation Saves Heating Energy
• Additional Study Needed:
–
–
–
–
Reflectance/Durability/Maintenance
Vegetative Roof Maintenance Costs
Building Performance
Snow and Ice Effects
The Cool Roofing Debate
• Energy Efficiency
– Heating vs. Cooling
– Expanded Reflectance Requirements in Code
• Heat Island Mitigation
• Roof Assembly Performance and Durability
– Condensation
– Wetting/Drying Cycles
Next Steps
• Project Will Continue For Total of Six Years
• Reflectance Measurements Will be Collected
• Additional Consideration for Solar Effects and
Accumulation of Snow and Ice
Questions?
Thanks to Hugh Henderson
CDH Engineering
Cazenovia, NY