044-001 P.O. Box 2650
Transcription
044-001 P.O. Box 2650
UTAH VALLEY FHC 044-001 CUBA Ga~ERAl RESEARCH GUIDE by Dr. lyman De Platt IGHL Research Series, Volume 17 Instituto Geneal6logico e Hist6rico Latino~ericano P.O. Box 2650 Salt lake City, Utah 84110-2650 1989 TABLE OF CctffEtfTS Political History •• ,. •••• 3 Civil Registration •4 Ecclesiastical History •4 Parish Registers · 4 Fani Iy Sources •7 Census Records •9 Notarial Records •9 Land Records •• • 10 Military Records It Fanily Histories 12 Other Genealogical Records 13 Cemetery •• • • • • • • • 13 lrnmigration-Enigration~igration 13 Civil-Criminal Cases •.•••. 14 15 Latin American Research Series POLlTlCAL HISTORY Christopher Columbus touched the land mass of Cuba during the month of November 1492, but it was not until seventeen years later that Diego Velazquez de Cu~llar colonized the island. The first settlements were begun in 1511. The city of La Habana was establ ished in 1519. The island was divided into two gobiernos in 1620. These were La Habana and Santiago de Cuba. Cuba was under the jurisdiction of the vjceroyalty of Hew Spain initially. In 1762 the English captured La Habana but it was restored to Spain the following year. In 1777 Cuba was elevated to a captaincy general within the colonial civil structure of Latin fRerica. In IB27 the Spanish government divided the island into civil departments under which it was adninistered until IB78. Between 1868 and 187B there was a revolution on the island, but it finally ended without resolving anything. There was a lot of destruction caused by this revolution, both in lives and records. On June 9, 187B the island was divided into six provinces which were Oriente, Canaguey, Las Villas, Matanzas, La Habana, and Pinar del Rio. In 1893 the island becane one province again, with a captain general as the governor, and it was divided into four gobiernos or lieutenancies which were further sub-divided into thirty one political districts. Once again, in 1895, there began another uprising which resulted in the Spanish-American War of 1898. In 1901 Cuba adopted a constitution which relegated it to a protectorate of the United States. It finally declared its independence in 1940. In 1975 the old 1878 provinces were sub-divided as follows: Oriente (Guantanano, Santiago de Cuba, Holguin, Granma, and Las Tunas), Canaguey (Canaguey, Ciego de Avila), Las Villas (Sancti Spiritus, Cienfuegos, Santa Clara, and Villa). The other provinces remained undivided. Within all of these provinces, the areas are divided into municipalities. - 2- - 3- Ci~il The bapti~al transcriptions gi~e the n~e of the child, the date of baptism, some birthplaces of parents, n~es of parents, and the source of the reference. The marriage transcriptions give the nanes of the spouses, their parents, former marriage information, the date of marriage and the source reference. Sometimes places of origin are also ~iven. The burial transcriptions are mostly for adults and give the death date, to wh~ the deceased was married, s~e birthplaces and nanes of parents and the source reference. Most of the records are recorded by parish, in semialphabetical order (by letter of principal surnane), but occasionally they have been extracted in chronological sequence. Registration On July 31, 1889, the Spanish civil code, which was promulgated in 1888, was put into operation in Cuba. Since that time ci~il registration has technically been in effect throughout the island. Many areas, hOAever, have suffered severe losses because of the civil wars and revolutions waged on the island. Copies of birth, marriage, and death certificates can be obtained by writing to Cuban municipal officials. The cost is i60.00 U.S. for each certificate. Correspondence has to be directed to the Cuban Mission in Washington, D.C. For the Cathedral of Havana and the church of Espiritu Santo (Sancti-Spiritus), c~plete runs of marriage books ha~e been identified in these papers, although all entries were not extracted in the original transcriptions. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY The Diocese of 8aracoa, formed February II, 1517, was established at Baracoa, but by April 28, 1522, it was changed to a new headquarters at Santigo de Cuba. The new diocese was suffragan to Seville until 1547 when it passed under the newly-organized Archdiocese of Santo D~ingo. The follOAing is a list of the parishes for which there are some tr anscr i pti ons. tWiE OF PARISH RECORD TYPE(S) YEARS ClNERED Ql.WfflTY C~aguey: On September 10, 1787, the second diocese of Cuba was established at La Habana. On No~ember 24, 1804, the bishopric of Santiago de Cuba was elevated to the status of an archdiocese. Initially in Cuba there were four parishes including the present cathedral parish called San Crist6bal de la Havana, Remedios" Trinidad and Sancti Spiritus. Guanabacoa became a parish in 1607. Matanzas was founded in 1693, Cienfuegos in 1819. Histories of all of the parishes of Cuba are being prepared by the CGS staff. HOAever, most records prior to 1700 ha~e ceased to exist for a ~ariety of reasons. Parish Registers Cathedral Marr i ages 1-9 Wi lis 1668-1874 1620-1850 1500 ca. 3000 Soledad Marriages 1-8 1703-1852 1200 Cardenas Marriages 1805-1860 100 Cienfuegos Marriages 1827-1902 100 Guanabacoa Nixed 1680-1790 100 Cal~ario Marriages, v.2 1775-1856 10 Cathedral (f i1m 1162426) Bapt isms Marriages Burials 1705-1785 1622-1874 1619-1867 1300 2000 2250 La Habana: Transcriptions of the working papers of Francisco Xavier de Santa Cruz y Mall~n include some parish register entries of bapti~s, marriages, and burials fr~ a number of parishes in Cuba. These papers cane about through the work of a number of indi~iduals (see CGS Revista 1:9-10). I - 4- - 5- Guadalupe Harriages 1850-1890 150 Jesds del Hontf Hi xed 1750-1870 200 Honserratf Mixed 1700s-1800s Index Santo Ange I Harr iages 1694-1712 Index Harriages 1871-1886 9 Marianao Hatanzas Harrriages Hi xed 1689-1850 1700-1850 400 500 Relledios Marriages 1684-1751 300 Santa Clara Marriages 1690-IB80 400 Santiago de Cuba Harr i age notfs 8urials 1688-1715 1678-18BO 400 100 Sancti Spiritus Marriages 1-8 1674-1B91 750 lhe records for the Cathedral of Havana contained in the collection are not cOllplete for the early period. lhe first book of baptiSlls and marriages (baptisns 1590-1600; lIarriages 1584-1622>, was published by Hidalgufa in Madrid in 1974 in alphabetical order. It is available on microfilll 973,150, itell 6 at the FaRily History Library. lhe Santa Cruz collaction contains the foll~ing transcriptions: BAP1I St1S Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. B 9 10 11 12 13 1705-1715 1716-1744 1745-1752 1753-1763 1764-1770 1771-1772 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 14 15 16 17 18 1622-164B 1649-166B 1668-1708 1709-1724 1724-1753 1754-1771 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 7 B 9 10 11 12 1773-17BI 17B1-17B6 17B6-1792 1792-1795 1795-IBOO ~RRIAGES lhere is a ledger for Sancti-Spiritus foll~ing the same alphabetical sequence of the records above, which includes genealogical notes on births, lIarriages, burials, and civil, ecclesiastical and military positions held, listed by age, year, plaCf, etc. lhe lIarriage records for Sancti Spiritus are a c~plete run as to volulles, even though all the records are not included. lhey are: Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 1674-1724 1729-1744 1744-1760 1760-1772 1772-1783 17B3-1794 1794-1803 IB03-1B14 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1814-1829 1829-1838 183B-IB49 IB4B-1859 IB59-1B72 IB72-18B3 IB83-1B91 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 i BURIALS Vol. 1 1619-1649 Vol. 2 1649-1679 Vol. 3 1679- Volulle nUllbers are not given for the burial records after volulle 3, but the records are transcripted through 1871. lhese records for the Cathedral of Havana are all contained on microfilll 1,162,426 at the Fanily History Library. F{flI LYSOURCES As genealogy is a study of faRily units, it stands to reason that the hOlle of the nuclear faRily and the hOlIes of children and grandchildren of the nuclear couple, should contain the 1I0st extensive lIaterials available pertaining to the farnily's genealogy and history. - 7- - 6- 1771-1794 1794-1B12 IB12-1B20 IB20-1840 IB40-1B55 1856-1874 In Cuba, tions is to b~gin all g~n~alogical inv~stiga ~ith th~ old~r family n~nb~rs and r~latives, and if th~se ar~ dec~as~d, at th~ plac~(s) ~here they liv~d if possible. Fran this research it is usually possible to get sone names, dates, and family traditions or stories, sane of which nay extend back as nuch as five generations. Invariably nuch of this infornation will b~ found in no other place and when it is lost l! l! gone forever. Even though an ancestor nay have been dead for twenty to fifty years, it is still a good policy to go to where they lived and find out what still exists in the ninds of others about then and their family. Because so nany of Cuba's living citizens have been displaced and are presently in the United States, it is inp~rative that the older g~neration record what it kn~s concerning ancestral places of residence, family traditions, names, dates, etc. th~ If these materials are unavailable in the hone in question, then the hones of friends, neighbors, and relatives should be visited, as should local libraries, archives, and museums. b~st plac~ Alnost every family has sonething of value to give to the diligent researcher. Care should be taken in the approach that is used, h~ever. 11any individuals, in an effort to obtain information, and before establishing trustworthy relationships with newly-met or 1ittle-kn~n relatives, have asked questions which are too personal, or asked to borr~ pictures, letters, documents, etc., that are very valuable to the owner. Apreviously establish~d rapport through lett~rs, phone calls, or visits, many times provides treasures of information that otherwise would have remained hidden, and then destroyed or thr~ away at the death of that individual. Even kinship is not a pre-requisite to success in this area, if proper deference to and respect for age is cultivated. A carefu1 inves ti gat ion will uncover sone, j f not all, of the foll~ing types of genealogical and family history material: vital records church records photographs picture albums biographies citizenship papers di ar ies legal papers military documents school records work records diplonas newspaper clippings fanlily histories - 8- i Further information on this area of research can be found in the pub1ications: fo11~ing Platt, Lyman De. Genealogical Historical Guide 1Q Latin Anerica. Detroit, Michigan, 197B. Spanish edition: Una Gula Geneal6gicoHist6rica d~ Latinoan~rica. Ramona, California, 1978. In Chapter 1 of this book, entitled ·Res~arch Standards,· there is a section on Family Sources which identifies these sources and describes them in detail. Ryskamp, George R. California, 1984. Tracing Your Hispanic Heritage. Riverside, Section I of this book, entitled ·Techniques and Principles· includes several areas of interest to family research. These books also contain detailed information on sone of the records listed in the sections below. CENSUS RECORDS The civil census records of Cuba are on~ of its richest archival treasur~s that has been lost for the most part. As far as can be determined the 1899 and 1907 censuses taken by the Unit~d States were destroyed by an act of congress. Later censuses may still exist in Cuba. At the national archives, there are at least thirty-one bundles of census records under Censos for the colonial p~riod. NOTARIAL RECORDS After the records already mentioned, the notarial records are the most informative and important. Public or legal naterial pertaining to individuals that was recorded during the colonial period usually found its way into the notarial books. These books (called protoc010s) include wills, land transactions, dowry information, contracts, bonds, p~ers, mortgages, complaints, charges, and parnents. - 9- • • Some notarial records have been destroyed for a variety of reasons, but for the nost part they are still available in the original archives of the notary that created then, in a special notarial archives, in the provincial archives, or in the Archivo Nacional in Havana. Also. at the Nation~l Archives is a section called Tierras t Propledaded. It IS probably sinilar to other archival collections in Latin Anerica and will contain information on colonial land distribution and ownership. There is also a collection called Solicitudes de Tierras. Although some of the more conscientious notaries made indexes to their protocolos, most did not. More of these records began to be indexed following the independence period, however, as local officials realized the absolute value of the infornation contained therein. In the book by J.C. Prince, entitled Cuba Illustrated, (New York, 1893, 6th edition), pages 125-174, there is a list of sugar plantations in alphabetical order, noting where they were located on the island, and the nane and address of the owner of each. The nost-looked-for document in notarial records is the will and for this reason some believe that wills are only found in notarial records, but this is not true. They are also found in ecclesiastical archives, nunicipal archives and if they are holographic (written in the hand of the testator), they may be in fanily archives, museuns, and other public archives. In the National Archive there is an index to the 284 bundles of protocol os for the years 1842-1890 housed at the Archive. This index was published in the Bolet1n of the National Archives in volumes 8-11, but included only 275 of the 284 bundles. At Canaguey, there million cards, for records have been are being published is a card index in private hands of over one the notarial collection there. Many of these transcripted and are in the hands of CGS and in the Revista. lAND RECORD Of all the records best suited to genealogical and historical reseach in Cuba, those that deal with land are found in more assorted places than any other. MILITARY RECORDS There was no standing army as such in Cuba until the mid-1700s. During the early colonial period, the major mil itary efforts consisted of protection provided by militia units conscripted from the estates and various Spanish settlements. There were four nain groups of nilitary personnel included in the designation of "military." These groups were: 1) veteran Spanish soldiers assigned for short duration throughout the viceroyaltYj 2) veteran Spanish troops assigned permanently to a given areaj 3) provincial nilitia unitsj and 4) urban militia units. Military records for the colonial period are found in several archives under varying classifications, the nost connon of which are: 1) troop lists, 2) connission records, 3) service records, 4) conscription records, 5) reginental register sheets, 6) petitions of soldiers for permission to narry, and 7) petitions for pensions. At the National Archives in Havana there is a collection Comisiones militares, consisting of 133 bundles for the 1825-1869. The biographical information contained in records is about nilitary nen receving connissions on the during that time. called years these island At the National Archives in Havana there is a collection of records called Realtngos, consisting of ninety-eight bundles for the years 1782-1850. The material is concerned with the adninistration of royal lands. In the Bolet1n, volumes 8-12, there is an alphabetical I ist of properties and persons concerned with this set of documents. There are many nilitary records on Cuban officials and soldiers in Spain at the Archivo Militar in Segovia and at Simancas. 8ecause Cuba was a province of Spain much longer than other Latin American countries, this is a particularly valuable source. - 10 - - 11 - • • Santa Cruz, Francisco X. Historia de Fanilias Cubanas. Films 1,156,324 through 1,156,329 at th~ Family History library contain service records for Spanish and Cuban military men from 1786-1800. An index to thes~ r~cords is avai Jable in: Sidney Louis. The Canary Islands Migration to louisiana, 1778-1783. This book is mostly about those who left louisiana for Cuba. Viller~, Patronato Nacional de Archivos Hist6ricos. CatAlogo XXII del Archivo de Simancas, Secretarla de Guerra (siglo XVIII> , Hojas de Servicios de America. Valladolid, Spain: Patronato, 1958. The end result of the family history project of IGHl and CGS is to compile an index to all of the family histories that have b~en publish~d. There is so much that is available in th~se histories that cannot be us~d by most individuals simply becaus~ it is not ind~xed. Ther~ are many int~rr~lat~d famili~s in Cuba that are dupl icating research efforts, and in som~ cases this duplication extends to oth~r latin America countri~s. It was not unusual for an emigrant family to spilt up and go into th~ various countries of South America, C~ntral America, Mexico, and th~ Caribbean, ~stablishing branches of the fanily that lost contact with each other. Military records for all of the regiments at Havana, Bayamo, Cuatro Villas, Matanzas, Puerto Principe, Santiago de Cuba, and Trinidad are included. F#\IlY HISTORIES IGHl Research Series, Volume 15, entitled latin American Family Records, has over 3,500 family histories and genealogies listed in it. Over 300 of th~s~ are for Cuban families. B~sid~s thes~ individual titl~s to specific surname histories, the following publications hav~ be~n indexed by CGS and IGHl that pertain in whole or in part to Cuba. AlmeJa, Juan. Guh de America. Persona~ OTHER GENEALOGICAL RECORDS There are many other records besides the ones mentioned previously, that have value in doing genealogy or family res~arch. The following are some of the more important ones. m cult ivan l! Historia de Cemetery Records Burkholder, Hark A. Biographical Dictionary of ters In 1hi Americas, 1687-1821. Audi~ncia Minisi Calcagno, Francisco. Diccionario BioQrifico Cubano. Cuban Genealogical Society. Revista. Lohmann, Guillermo. los Americanos Mahy, Jos~ ~ l!i Ordenes Nobiliarias. Antonio. Testamentos de Camaguey. Nieto, Rafael. Dignidades Nobiliarias en Cuba. Peraza, Fermin. Diccionario BiogrAfico Cubano. Rodriguez, Emilio. Familias Hispanoam~ricanas. - 12 - On Harch I, 1784, King Charles IV. ordered the establishment of cemeteries in the urban areas of the main cities of the latin America. This was follwed by an order of April 3, 1787 outlining that cemeteries were also to be constructed in the outside environs of the cities. With this order all church cemeteries were supposedly closed. However, the order was reissued in 1804, shwing the resistence of the parish priests. Many tombstone inscriptions and some cemetery burial books exist and can provide additional information not found in church or civil death records. Immigration-Emigration-Migration Records There were strict rules for controlling population movements during most of the colonial period. All persons traveling to - 13 - • Cuba technically had to be cleared by the Casa de la Contratacion in Seville. IGHL RESEARCH SERIES The AGI in Seville is publishing the early passenger lists to Latin America. These exist irom 1509-1790 at AGI, Contrataci6n. Seven volumes oi these lists have now been published ior the early colonial period. The archives oi Spain are iull oi proois oi massive innigration to the Viceroyalty oi New Spain. The records dealing with this subject are scattered in the notarial archives, in passports, in padrones de hidalguta, and so iorth. i Civil-Criminal Cases At the National Archives in Havana there are 14,000 bundles of these records i~r the colonial and modern time periods. Although they are not indexed or well-cataloged, they contain a valuable treasure oi iniormation on many individuals. - 14 - Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 IB 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2B 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Genealogical Research in Latin America Nexico, General Guide: Political Divisions Nexico, General Guide: Ecclesiastical Divisions Mexico, General Research Guide Mexico, Census Records Research in Mexico City Genealogical Gazetteer oi Mexico Central America, General Research Guide Caribbean, General Research Guide Genealogical Gazetteer oi Central America and the Caribbean South America, General Research Guide Genealogical Gazetteer oi South America Latin American Census Records Latin American Military Records Latin American Family Records Puerto Rico, General Research Guide Cuba, General Research Guide Dominican Republic, General Research Guide Chile, General Research Guide Argentina, General Research Guide Peru, General Research Guide Guatemala, General Research Guide Colombia, General Research Guide Ecuador, General Research Guide Bolivia, General Research Guide Costa Rica, General Research Guide EI Salvador, General Research Guide Honduras, General Research Guide Nicaragua, General Research Guide Panama, General Research Guide Paraguay, General Research Guide Uruguay, General Research Guide Venezuela, General Research Guide Research in Buenos Aires Research in Lima Spain, General Guide: Political Divisions Spain, General Guide: Ecclesiastical Divisions Spain, General Research Guide - 15 - SERlE DE JtfJESlJ6ACJIliES GEtIAlOGJCAS DEL JGHL Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 34 37 38 Jnv.stigaciones 6.nea16gicas.n Latinoil'rica H'xico, Gula General: Divisiones Pollticas H'xico, Gufa 6.neral: Division.s Ecl.siistlcas H'xico, 6ufa d. Inv.stigacilD's 6.neal6gicas H'xico, Censos y Padrones Jnv.stigltlon.s 6.n.al6gieas .n la Cludad de H'xieo 6Iz.t.ro 6.o.al6gito d. H'xieo Clntroil'rlca, Gula dl Jnv.stlgaeion.s 6.o.aI6gieas Caribe, 6ula dl lovestigaciooes Geolal6gieas 6az.t.ro 8101116gico d. C.ntroll'rica y .1 Carib. Sudam'rlca, Gula de Jov.stitation.s 6eoeal6gica5 6az.t.ro 6eo.a16gieo de Sudil'rica C.osos y Padrones d. LatioOil'rica Registros Hilitar., de latinoll'rica Historils Famlliarls de latinoam'rica Pu.rto Rico, Gula de lovestigaclon.s G.neal6gicas Cuba, 6ula de Investigaciooes 6eneal6gicas Rep6blica Dominicaoa, Gufa de lovestigaciones Geneal6gicas Chll., Gufa de Invistigacion.s 6.o.aI6gical Argentina, Gufa de Inv.stigacion.s G.o.aI6gicas Per6, Gula dl Inv.stigacion.s G.neal6glcas Guat.~ala, Gufa de Jnv.stigacion.s 6ln.al6gicas Colombia, 6ula de Jnvestigaciones Geneal6gicas Ecuador, Gufa de Investigacion.s 6eo.al6gicas Bolivia, 6ufa de Jnvestigaciones Gen.al6gitas Costa Rica, Gula de Jnv.stigaciones Geneal6gicas EI Salvador, Gufa dt Invtstlgaclon.s Geneal6gicas Honduras, 6ula de Investigaclon.s Gtntal6gicis Nicaragua, Gula de Investigaciones Gen.al6gicas Panam' , 6ula de lovestigaciones Geneal6gicas Paraguay, Gula d. Investigacion.s Gen.al6gicas Uruguay, 6ula d. Jnvlstigacion.s Gen.al6gicas Venezutla, 6ula de Investigaciones 6en.al6gicas Invtstlgaclones Gental6gicas.n II Ciudad de Butnos Aires Investigacionts Geneal6gicas .n la Cludad dt Li~a Espala, 6ula General: Divisiones Pollticas Espala, 6ufa General: Divisiones Eclesi'sticas Espala, Gula de Jnvestigaciones Geneal6gicas - 2- • • COOENJDO Hlstoria Politic•••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 EI R.gistro Civil • I •••••••••••••••••••• 5 Ecleslistlca ••••••••••• • •••• • • •5 Reglstros Parroqulales • • • • • • • • • • •• • ••• •5 ~Istoria Fu.nt.s Fmtillares ••••••••••••• ••••••• 8 Censos y Padron.s • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 10 Reglstros Notarlales •••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 10 Reglstros de Tierras •••••••••••••••••••• II Registros Hilitares ••••••••• • ••••• • • • • •• 12 Historlas Fmtillu.s • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 13 Otros R.glstros 6en'116glcos •••••••••••••••• 14 C~enterlos •••••••••••• InligraeI6n-Enlgrlci6n~igraci6n Casos elvll.slcri~lnales . . ••••••••••• 14 14 ••••••••••• • • • • •• 15 i - 3- Rl!gistro Civil HISTORIA POLJTJCA Crist6bal Col6n II.g6 a la isla de Cuba durante novieabre de 1492, pero no fu. hasta dieelsiet. alos Diego V,lizquez de Culilar eoloniz6 a la isla. poblaei6n se hizo en 1511. La eiudad de La Habana fue en 1519. el aes de despuls que La prigera estableeida La isla .staba dividida .n dos gobiernos en 1620. Estos .ran La Habana y Santiago de Cuba. Cuba estaba baJo la jurisdieei6n del Virr.inato de Nu.va Espana inlcialaent.. En 1162 los Ingl.ses Invadi.ron a La Habana p.ro fue restaurada a Espafta el ano siguiente En 1117 Cuba fu. elevada a capitanla gen.ral dentro de la .structura colonial civil de Latinoaillriu En 1821 el gobl.rno espanol dividi6 la isla en depart.entos civiles bajo 105 cual.s fue adlipistrado hast a 1878. Entre 1868 y 1818 habla una revoluci6n sobre la isla que finaliz6 sin resolver nada. Habla Rucha destrucei6n eausada por la revoluci6n, en vidas y registros. En 9 de junio de 1818 la Isla fue dividida en s.is provlncias que eran Oriente, C.aguey, Las Villas, Hatanzas, La Habana, y Pinar del Rio. En 1893 la Isla II.g6 a ser una provincia otra vez con capitin g'Reral CORO el gobernador, y fue dlvidida en cuatro gobi.rnos or t.nenclas que fu.ron sub-divididas en treinta y un distritos politicos. Una vez gis, en 1895, habla otra rlbeli6n qUI result6 en la Guerra HispanoaRericana de 1898. En 1901 Cuba adopt6 una constltucl6n que la releg6 a un prottctorado de los Estados Unidos. Finalaente, declar6 su independencia en 1940. En 1915 las provincias antiguas de 1818 fueron sub-divididas en la forga siguiente: Oriente (Guantanallo, Santiago de Cuba, Holguin, GraRRa, y Las Tunas), Callaguey (C.aguey, Ciego de Avila), Las Villas (Sanctl Spiritus, Cienfuegos, Santa Clara, y Villa). las otras provincias quedaron sin dividirs•• En todas estas provincias, los territorios estaban sub-divididos en lIunlcipios. - 4- En 31 dt julio dt 1889, tl. c6dlgo civil npatlol, qut fut pr~ulgado tn 1888, st hizo tftctlvo tn Cuba. D.sd. 'ntonc.s tl registro civil hi tstado operatlvo par toda II Isla tecnlcallIente. Sin flbargo, lIuchos lugar.s has sufrldo pfrdidas por causa de las guerras civiles y las revolucionl!s que han destrozada la Ish. Cop 115 of c.rtiflcados dt nacillil!ntos, latrillonios, y defuncionts se pUl!dl!n obttnl!r al Iscriblr al Embassy of thl! CZl!choslovak Socialist Rl!publlc, Cuban Intl!rl!sts Section, 2639 16th Strl!l!t, N.W. Washington, D.C., 20009. El costa es dt t60.00 U.S. para cada certlflcado. HISTORJA ECLESIASTJCA La Di6cesls de Baracoa, foraada In II de fl!brtro de 1511, fue establtclda en Baracoa, pero tn 28 d. abrll de 1522, canbl6 su cabeetra a Santlgo dt Cuba. La nUl!va dl6cl!sis fue sufraginea a Sevilla hasta 1541 cuando pas6 a II nueva Arquidi6cesls de Santo Omingo. En 10 de setlflbre de 1187, la segunda dl6cesls de Cuba fUI! establecida en La Habana. En 24 de novitllbre dl! 1804, el obispado de Santiago dt Cuba fue II.vlda a arquidl6cesls. Iniclallent. en Cubl habfan cuatro parroquias incluytndo la prts.ntt eattdra1 dt San Crlst6bal de la Havana, Regl!dlos, Trinidad y Sanctl Spiritus. Guanabacoa III!g6 a sl!r parroquia en 1607. Hatlnzas fue fundada I!n 1693, Cienfuegos en 1819. Historlas de todas las parroquias de Cuba se estin preparando por CGS. Sin tRbargo, la mayorfa de los reglltros de las parroquial de Cuba han cesado dl! exlstlr antes d! 1700 por una variedad de razonn. Registros Parroqulalts Transcripciones de los papeles de Francisco Xavier de Santa Cruz y Hal1fn incluyen algunos r.glstros parroquilles: bautismos, natrlnonlos, y d.funclones d' varlas parroquias de Cuba. Estol papeles fueron e!crltos por un n~ero dl! Individuos. (vlasl! CGS Revlsta 1:9-10). - 5- Las' transcrlptclones bautlsmales dan el nombre delillo, la fecha del bautlsmo, los nombre de 105 padres, a veces sus lugares de naclalento, y la fuente de referencia. las transcripclones de aatrilonio dan los nombres de los contrayent'I" sus padres, inforRacion sobre Ratrimoniol anteriores, la fecha de .atrilonio, y la fuente de referencia. AVICtS lugares de origin tambi.n estin incluidos. Las transcriptiones de Intlerro'son en 5U .ayorta de adultos y dan la fecba de .uerte, a quien.1 Ruerto era casado, a veees lugares de naciml.nto y los nombres de padrls y la fuente de referencia. La layorta de los rlgistros .stin organizado por parroqula, in orden 5eli-alfab.tlco (por letra del apellido principal>, p.ro a veces .xtraldas en ord.n crono16gico. De la Catedral de La Habana, y la iglesia del Sanctl-Spiritus, txtraetos d. latriRonio cubren .1 titapo completo indicado abajo. MRROOUIA llPO DE RE6JSTRO AlOS CUBJERlOS CftlTlDAD ----------------------------------------------------------------- CilIaglltY: Cat.dnl Hatr ilIon ios 1-9 T.stamentos HatriRonios 1-8 1668-1874 1620-1850 1703-IB52 1.500 ca. 3.000 1.200 CArd.nas Hatriraonios 1805-1860 100 Clenfuegos Hatr ilIon ios lB27-1902 100 Guanabacoa Hixtos 1680-1790 100 Sohdad La Habanu Calvario Hatrh.onios v.2 1775-1856 10 Catedral (filllina 1162426) Bautismo5 HatriRonlos Entierros 1705-1785 1622-1874 1619-1867 1.300 2.000 2.250 Guadalupe HatriRonios 1850-1890 150 J. d.l Honte Hixtos 1750-1870 200 - 6- AIDS CUOIERlOS TIPO DE REGISTRO PARROOUIA rmT IDAD ----------------------------------------------------------------I HOM.rrat. Hlxtos 17005-10005 Indict Santo Angel Hatr Ilion 105 1694-1712 Indin Harlanao Hatrlnonio 1071-18B6 9 "ahnzu Hatr I"on i05 Hlxtos 1689-1850 1700-1850 400 500 ReR,dios Hatr htolli os 1684-1751 300 Sanh Clara Hatr h'on I05 1690-1880 400 Santiago d, Cuba Hatr. (notls> Entiuros 1688-1715 1678-1880 400 100 Saneti Spiritus Hatrh'onlos 1-8 1674-1891 750 Hay un 1,gaJo d, Sanetl Spiritus sigui,ndo .1 "ismo orden altabltieo d, 105 otr05 registros, que ineluy, notas gen,a16glea5 de naci"iento, "atri"onio, enti,rro, posicion" "ilitar,s, y .elesi'stleas, por orden de ,dad, alo, lugar, etc.tera. los latri"oniol de Sanctl Spiritus ineluyen referencias para todos los alos aunquI no todas las partidas est'n ineluidas. Son: Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1674-1724 1729-1744 1744-1760 1760-1772 1772-1783 1783-1794 1794-1803 1803-1814 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. - 7- 9' 10 11 12 13 14 15 1814-1829 1829-1838 1838-1849 1848-1859 1859-1872 1872-1883 1883-1891 Los rlgistros para la Catedral dl La Habana contlnidas en la colecci6n no Ist'n completas para el perlodo inicial. EI primer libro dl bautiSRos y matrimoniol (bautiSRos 1590-1600; matrimonios 1584-1622), fue publicado por Hidalgufa In Hadrid In 1974 en orden alfabltico. Est' en micropllfcula 973,150, itlm 6 en la Biblioteca de Historia Familiar. La collcci6n dl Santa Cruz contiene las transcripciones siguientes: BAUTl5tlOS Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vo1. Vol. 8 9 10 II 12 13 1705-1715 1716-1744 1745-1752 1753-1763 1764-1770 1771-1772 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1622-1648 1649-1668 1668-1708 1709-1724 1724-1753 1754-1771 Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. Vol. 14 15 16 17 18 Vo1. Vo1. Vo1. Vol. Vol. Vol. 7 B 9 10 1773-1781 1781-1786 1786-1792 1792-1795 1795-1800 HATRIH~IOS 1771-1794 1794-1812 1812-1820 1820-1840 11 1840-1855 12 1856-1874 EHTIERROS Vol. 1 1619-1649 Vol. 2 1649-1679 Vol • 3 1679- Los ndmeros dl vol6Renel del los entierros no se dan despuls del vol6Ren tres, plro los registros est'n transcritos hasta 1871. Estos registros de la Catedral de La Habana est!n todos en la mlcropelfcula 1,162,426 en la 8iblioteca de Historia Familiar. FUEHTES FANILIARES Siendo que la genealogfa es ,I estudio de familias, es obvlo que ,1 hogar de la familia nucl,ar y los hogar,s de los hljos y nietos de la pareja nuclear, deben contlner el material mis Ixtensivo que existe sobre esa familia en cuanto a su geneal091a , historia. - 8- En Cuba, el mejor lugar donde cOlenzar las investigaciones genea16gicas IS con los mie.bros y parientes mis viejos de la familia, y si Istos est'n muertos, en los lugares donde vivieron. De Istas investigaciones usualmente es posible sacar algunos nombres, datos, y tradiciones 0 historias familiares, quiz's Ilevando uno hasta cinco generaciones atr!s. Invariablemente mucha de esta informaci6n no se encontrar' en otro lugar y cuando se pierde 11 !! para siempre. Aunque un antepasado haya estado muerto por veintl a cinquenta ·aftos, es bUlna costURbre ir donde vivla para ver 10 qUI todavfa Ixiste acerca de ellos y sus familiares en las mentes dl otros. Porque tantos de 105 ciudadanos de Cuba han salido del pais y viven en 105 Estados Unidos, 15 sURilente importantl que la generaci6n vieja registra 10 que sabe de los lugares ancestrales de residencia, nacimientos, matrimonio, defuncion; de tradiciones familiares, nombres, fechas, .tc.tera. Casi cada familia ti.nl algo d. valor para dar al investigador diligentl. Sin embargo 51 debl usar mucho cuidado en COlO clXlienn. Huchos individuos, al iniciar h pequiu, y sin antes establecer amiltades de conflanza con reciln conocidos, 0 parlentes poco conocidos, han hecho prlguntas muy personales, 0 han pedido prestar fotos, cartas, docURentos, etcltera, que tiene mucho valor para su dueno. Es bueno establecer un ambiente mediante Ilamadas telef6nicas, cartas, 0 vlsitas, y este fundamento muchas veces proveeri tesoros de Informaci6n qUI de otro modo hubiera quedado escondidos, y entonces destruidas 0 echadas a la basura con la muertl del aquel individuo. A6n el parentesco no es un pr.-rlquisito al 'xito dl este modo, si el debido respeto a la edad y situaciones del individuos se tlXlan en cuenta. Una investigaci6n cuidadosa delcubrir' algunos, Ii no todos, de los siguientes tipos de material genea16gico y familiar. registros vitales r.gistros eclesi'sticos fotogriffu 'lbURes de fotol biograffas papeles de ciudadanla dlirios - 9- papeles legales docURentos militares registros escolares registros de trabajo dipllXlu recortes de peri6dicol historlas familiares durante la epoca colonial, usualaent. se Incuentra en los libros notariales. Estos libros (ilalados ,rototolol) incluyen testamentos, codicilios, tutelas, cartas de dote, ventas de bienes rafces y otras propiedades, hipotecas, poderes, pagos, etcftera. SI IstOs aaterialls no 51 Inculntran en II hogar nucllar, entoncis los hogarls dl IIIg05, vicino', Y pariente, deben visltarse, camo tambitn blbliotlcas, archlvos y lU510S locales. Infomaci6n adic lonal sobre uta foraa dl buscar puede. Incontrarse en las publicaclones sigulentes. Algunos registros notarial.s han sido destruidos par uRa variedad de razones, pero .n su layorfa estin aSlquibles y en buenas condiciones en los archivos originalls dl los notlrios qUI los crearon, In un archivo notarial especial, en los archivDs provinciales, 0 en el Archivo Nacional In La Habana. Platt, LYllan Dt. GennloQical Historical Guide to Latin (uerica. Detroit, Michigan, 1978. Edici6n en espalol: Una Guia Genea16glco-Hist6rlca de latlnoaltrica. Rllona, California, 1978. Aunque algunos de los notarios mis concienzudos hicierDn fndices a sus protocolos, la nayorfa no 101 hicierDn. Sin embargo, nis ~e estos. rlgistros rlcibilron indices desputs de la Independencla, cuando oficlalts localls realizaron el valor absoluto de la Informaci6n contlnida en ellos. En e' capitulo uno de este Ilbro entltulado 'Horaa de Investigaciones Genla16gicas,' hay una seccl6n sobre Fuentes faliliares que identlfica nis detalladllente a estas fuentes flliliarts. Ryskllp, George R. California, 1984. lracing ~ Hlstanic Heritagt. Rivenide, EI documento·.is buscado .n los rlgistros notarialls IS .1 testamento y por .sa raz6n algunos han cr'ido qUI los testamentos solamente se !ncuentran In los rlgistros notarialls, pero no es ver~a~ •. TiRbl'~ Sl Inculntran In archivos de la iglesia, los munlclplos Y Sl son hologriflcos (escrito In la mano del tlstador), pu,dln Istar to archlvos p6blicos 0 con la familia. Secel6n J de este libro entitulada 'lechnlques and Principles' incluye varios puntos de interls' las Investigaciones glneal6gicas. Estos Ilbros tamblln contienen infornacl6n nis detallada sobre algunos de los otros reglstros descrltos ., segulr. CENSUS RECORDS El censo civil de Cuba IS uno de sus tlsoros archivflcos ais ricos qUI 51 ha perdido en 5U nayoria. De 10 qUI se puede deteminar, ·105 censos dl 1899 y 1907 tamados por los Es\ados Unldos fueron destruldos por acta del congrlso dl 105 Estado Unldos. Clnsos tamados nls tard,s todavia puedan Ixlstlr en Cuba. En II archlvo national, hay por 10 nenos trelnta y un llgajos de c,nsos bajo ~ para la Ipoca colonial. RE6JSlROS N01ARJALES . Desputs dl los registros ya Istudiados, los registros notarlales son los nls InforRatlvos e IRportantls. lodo dl naturaleza p6blica 0 legal p,rtenecilntl a Indlviuduos, qu, fu, rlgistrado - 10 - En el Archivo Nacional hay un fndici a 284 legaJos dl protocolos archivado allf para los aftos 1842-1890. Estl fndice fue publicado In ,I Boletfn del Archivo Nacional en los vol6Renes 8II, plro incluia solamentl 275 de los 284 IlgaJos. i En Camaguey, hay un fndie. tn lanOl prlvadas de nis de un ail160 de tarjetas, de los r.glstros notarial.s del Cilaguey. Muehos de estos r.gistros se han transerlto y Istin en nanos de CGS y 51 estin publicando en su Revista. RE6ISTROS DE TIERRAS De todos los rlgistros usados IA la glnealogfa y las investigaciones hist6ritas d, Cuba, los dl tilrras 51 Incu,ntran en mls lugares de cualquier otro. En el Archivo Nacional dt La Habana hay una coleccl6n de rlgistros 11amados ·11&1'lgDI, conslltiendo de novtnta y ocho - II - legaJos para los aIDs 1782-1850. El nat,rlal s, trata d, la adlinlstraei6n de tierra reales. En ,1 Bole\ln, vol6menes 8-12, hay un Indiee alfabltleo de las propledades y personas que estin Ineluidas en es\OI docu.entos. Tmblln en el Arehivo Naclonal hay una seeel6n nlllada Tlerras I Propledaded. Es probable que slnllar a otras eol,etlones en Latinolllrica y contendr' Inforlael6n sobre la dlstrlbuel6n y duelos de tlerras coloniales. Hay tamblln una eolecei6n lillada Solicitudes de Tlerras. 'I En el llbro de J.e. Prince, entitulado Cuba Illustrated, (NfW York, 1893, 6a edleI6n), piglnas 125-174, hay una llsta de plantaelones de azdear en orden alfabltlco, notando donde eada uno est' en la Isla, y el nambr' y dlreeei6n del duelo de eada una. REGISTROS HILITARES No habia un ejtrelto eamo tal tn Cuba hasta nedlados del slglo diecloeho. Durante la epoea colonial, las necesldades nllitares eonslstleron de proteeel6n nilielana empleadas de las haciendas y varlas poblaelones espalolas. registros coneierne a nilitares reelbi.ndo ealisiones en la isla durante los aIDs indicados. Hay auchos rlgistros nilitar.s de ofieiales y soldados Cubanos en Espafta .n .1 Archivo "illtar de Segovia y en Sinancas. A causa d. que Cuba fue provincia de Espafta por un ti,npo nucho ais largo que otros paises Latinomericanos, esta fuente .s particularnente de valor a Cuba. Hicropellculas .,156,324 al 1,156,329 en la Biblioteca de Historia Fmillar contl.n.n hojas dt servlclo para los nllitares de Espafta y Cuba que slrvleron en Cuba durante 1786-1800. Un Indlce a estos r.glstros 51 .ncuentra ,n: Patronato Nacional de Archivol Histdrlcos. Cat"ooo XXII dtl Archlvo de Slaancas, S.cnhrh d. Guerra (siglo XVI1J>. Hojas de Servlclos de Amtrica. Valladolld, Espafta: Patronato, 1958. Registros ailitares para los regialentos estaclonados tn Havana, Baymo, Cuatro Villas, Hatanzas, Puerto Principe, Santiago de Cuba, y Trinidad estian incluldos. HISTORIAS FAHILIARES de Investigaciones Genea16gicas del IGHl, voldRen IS, Filillares ~ Latlnoll4rlca, contiene ais de 3.500 fmillares y genealoglas. Huchas d, Istas son de Cubanas. Adeais de Istos tltulos a historias de tspeclficos, las siguitntes publicacion,s han sido por CGS y 16Hl y un Indice hecho de elias. Hubleron euatro grupos prlnclpales de personal Ineluldas en la deslgnael6n de militar. Estos grupos faeron: 1) soldados veteranos espalol,s asignados por duraelones eortas al vlrreinato; 2) soldados veteranos espaftoles asignados pernanenten,nt, a un lugar espeelfieo; 3} nil lela provincial; y 4) nilieia urbana. La Serle Historlas historias fmilias apeliidos ,studlado Reglstros nllitares para la epoca colonial se ,ncuentran en nuchos archlvos baJo varlas claslflcaclones, las nis camunes slendo: 1) llstas de tropas, 2) reglstros de eamlslones, 3) hoJas de s,rvlclo, 4) r,gistros de eonscrlpelones, 5) hoja, reglnentales, 6) petielones de soldados para casarse, Y 7) petlciones de p,nsl6n. Alnela, Juan. Gula Merica. En el Archivo Naclonal de La Habana hay una col,ccl6n llamada Camisiones nilltares, conslstlendo de 133 legajos para los aIDs 1825-1869. La Infornacl6n blogrifica contenida en estos - 12 - ~ P,rsonas !!! cultivan l! Historia de Burkholder, Hark A. Biographical DictionarY of Audiencla Hinist,rs in !h! An,ricas, 1687-1821. Calcagno, Francisco. Dicclonario Biogrifico Cubano. Cuban Genealogical Society. R,vista. - 13 - LomanR, 6ullltmo. Los tneritlnos !! hs Ordenes Noblliarlas. Haby, Jolt Antonio. lest.entos de C.aoun. Nieto, Rafael. Olonidades Nobillarlas!! Cuba. Peraza, FerRtn. Dlcclonarlo Blogriflco Cubano. Rodrtguez, ~illo. Filillas Hlspano.erlcanas. Sanh Cruz, Francisco X. Hhtorla de Fanillas Cublnas. Villtr', Sidney Louis. Tbe Canary Islands Higratlon to Louisiana, 1778-1783. Este libro trata dt fllilias que salieron dl luisiana para Cuba. El resultado final del proyecto de hlstoria familiar del JGHl y CGS es compllar un tndice de todas las blstorlas fanillares qUI se han publlcado. Hay tanto que Ixlstl ,n Istas hlstorlas qUI no Isti aSlquible al Indlvlduo slaplementl porqul no hay tndlcl a 1110. Hay Ruchas fllilias Intlrrllacionadas In Cuba y In los Estados Unidos de rafces cubanas , que tstin trabaJando, dupllcando sus esfuerzos, y en algunos casos esta dupllcacl6n st extlende a otros patses latlnollericanos. No es fuera del nOMlal para una fllllia emigrantl de Espafta aandar hlJos I Sudlltrlca, Centroamtrica, y H'xico, estableclendo ast ramas de 11 fllilia que plerden contacto II uno al otro tras las generaclones. OTROS REGISTROS GENEAlOGJCOS Hay auchos otros reglstros fuerl de los yl aencionldos, que ti,n,n valor para la genealogta 0 la histurla fllillar. los slguient,s son algunos d, los ais Inportantes. 11 ordln fUI publitldo de nUlvo In 1804, mostrlndo que hlbfl resistentia de los padres parroqulalls. Huthls instriptlon,s dl lipidls y Ruthos Ilbros de entierro de tlRenterios ,xist,n y pu,den prOYIlr InforRlcI6n adicional que no se ,ncu,ntra en la Iglesia ni In los certlficados tivills de defunt i6ll. Registros de IRRigrati6n-Ellgraci6n~igraci6n Hubieron reglas .strictas plrl controllr 11 Rovi.iento de II pobllci6n durant. 11 mayor plrte del perfodo colonial. Todl p.rsona viajando a Cuba debertan tener permiso de 11 Clsa de Contrataci6n en Sevilla. El AGI en Sevilla Isti publicando lis listls de plsajeros a latinoamfrici. Estos Ixisten de 1509-1790 en AGI, Contrataci6n. Sietl vol6mtnes de Istas Ilstls han sido publicados para la epoca colonial. los archivos de Espafta estin Ilenas de pruebls de eRigraci6n aasiva a Cuba. los registros tratando este asunto se hillan en archivos notariales, In palaportes, In padronls de hidalgufa, y en Ruchos Ills. Casos Civiles-Crillinal,s En .'1 Archivo Nacional d. La Habana hay 14.000 ',gajos de estos reglstros trantindose d, los tilmpos colonialls y modernos. AunquI no tientn fnditl ni Istin bien cltalogados contitnen un ttsoro d, informaci6n sabre luchos individuos. ' Reglstros de Pante6n En primero de narzo de 1784, el Rey Carlos IV, ordenO ,1 estableclalento de cenentlrios en ireas urbanas de las cludades principales de Cuba. Esto fue s,guldo con orden del tres de abrll de 1787 Instruyendo que estos c'Renterlos d,berlan construlrse In las afueras de las cludades. Con este orden todos los cemet,rios d, las Iglesias deberlan cerrarse. Sin enbargo, - 14 - - 15 - LOCALITY ANALYSIS FOR CUBA By George R. Ryskamp, JD, AG BYU Department of History Locality analysis plays an essential part in detennining the objectives for family history research. It should be done as soon as a specific new place of origin or residence is identified, and, of course, must be completed before step two of the records analysis can be completed. Locality Analysis involves two processes. The first is to locate the exact place or places from which one's ancestors came and detennine the various jurisdictions to which that place belonged. (This is, in effect, an answer to one of the initial questions asked in the People Analysis: Where did the ancestor live?) The second goal of Locality Analysis is to learn as much about that particular place as one can. This includes not only the physical location and the geographical features of the place, but, to better understand the life of the ancestor, also requires a knowledge of its history and physical appearance. Modern Atlases and Maps Atlas de Cuba. La Habana : Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografia, 1978. ( G 1605 .15 1978) (FHL film 1162487 item 2) Nuevo atlas nacional de Cuba. La Habana : Instituto de Geografia de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, 1989. (BYU Maps G 1605 .N83x 1989) Gazetteers Gazetteer of Cuba, Vol I &11. 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: Defense Mapping Agency, 1991. (F 1754 .G39 1991) Locality guide for Cuba. compiled by Mayra F. Sanchez-Johnson. Salt Lake City Cuban Genealogical Society, 1992. (FHL) Historical Atlases, Maps and Materials Atlas of ports, cities, and localities of the island of Cuba. Washington, D.C. : Norris Peters Co., 1898. (BYU G 1605 .U5 1898) Atlas geografico de Espana, islas adyacentes y posesiones espanoles de ultramar. Madrid : Gaspar y Roig, 1864. (FHL film 0897114 item 1) Ecclesiastical Directories Apuntes para la historia eclesiatica de Cuba by Juan Martin Leisaca. Habana: Talleres Tipograficas de Carana, 1938. (U. of Florida 282.72 L532) Encyclopedias La Enciclopedia de Cuba. por Vicente Baez, ed. Madrid: Playor, S. A., Santa Polonia, 1973. These are examples available from six major categories of books that can be valuable in completing a locality analysis for this country. 1. Atlases and Maps. Individual atlases that exist for most Hispanic countries can help locate ancestral towns and establish the proximity of ancestral towns to other towns found during the research. Typical of these is one for Mexico, Nuevo Atlas Porma de la Republica Mexicana (Editorial Porrua: Mexico, D.F., 1980), available in many local libraries. This small volume contains maps of each state, historical maps, ad a general country-wide index, as well as various geographical entity lists. Maps in these should be in a scale of at least 1:250,000. Another useful geographical tool for the Latin American genealogist will be the Index to the Map of Hispanic America, published by the American Geographical Society. (Washington: 1945). As this is an index to a collection of maps, scale 1: 1,000,000, it will generally only be found in a large public or university library. It covers all Latin American countries in good detail. Also of value for locating especially small hamlets and for recreating geographical details of local life are the Untied States Army Map Service Select Series and Topographical Maps produced for all of these countries. Any place, no matter how small, will appear on these detailed maps (scale 1:50,000). Unfortunately, these maps have no direct index, and locating places can only be accomplished by using latitude and longitude references in the gazetteers such as those published by the U.S. Office of Geography. (See the following section on gazeteers). Maps and atlases are being digitalized for computer storage at an incredible rate. As that process continues these will become increasingly available on CDROM and on the Internet and World Wide Web. Currently, for example, the University of Texas at Austin Perry Castaneda Library Map Collection has placed many atlases and maps from the CIA on the Computer Internet. Check with the library for the current address and the countries available. 2. Gazetteers. Gazetteers are long lists of place names with a minimal amount of information to identify and locate each particular place. Since many of these gazetteers list geographical subdivisions smaller than the parish or municipality, and other features such as rivers and mountains, they can be of great help when the particular place to be located does not appear in the atlases or geographical dictionaries available to the researcher. Many countries also publish postal guides and political divisions guides. Gazetteers, such as the Untied States Board on Geographical Names Gazetteer, prepared by the Office of Geography of the Department of the Interior, are frequently more readily obtained in the United States than local geographical dictionaries and detailed atlases of Hispanic countries. The Hispanic countries covered by the U. S. Board on Geographical Names series and their numbers in that series are: Argentina, 103 Bolivia, 4 Brazil, 71 Chile, 6 Costa Rica, 7 Cuba, 30 Dominican Republic, 33 Ecuador, 36 EI Salvador, 26 Guatemala Honduras, 27 Mexico, 15 Nicaragua, 10 Panama, 110 Paraguay, 35 Puerto Rico, 38 Spain and Andorra, 51 Spanish Sahara, 108 Uruguay, 21 Venezuela, 56 For a number of Hispanic countries there are updated versions of these gazeteers published by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). These are included under each country in the last section of this chapter. These gazeteers have now been placed by the DMA (in collaboration with the U.S. Board of Geographic Names on the computer Internet ubder the title GEOnet Names Server. 3. Geographical dictionaries. These vary in size, from one and two volume dictionaries to large series containing sixteen to twenty volumes. In the United States, those covering Hispanic countries are generally found in the Family History Library Catalog or in large public or university libraries which have map collections. Nearly every country has at least one such dictionary, although these can vary dramatically in the amount of detail they contain. Some of the large countries such as Mexico even have state or regional geographic dictionaries. Whether national or regional these are most helpful in locating a particular town, and usually provide a written description of the town, or other geographical unit. These descriptions, as well as individual place name entries, can be used to identify the larger geographical unit (where records would usually be found) to which a smaller unit, whose name is the only one the family remembers, belongs. Figure 7- ,a page from Volume I of the Diccionario geografico de Guatemala, illustrates this principle, showing the caserios of Guatemala. These dictionaries also often provide information in developing the history of the ancestral locality as a background to the family history. 4. Ecclesiastical guides and directories. Many Catholic dioceses, publish directories listing the various parishes, seminaries, and convents which make up the diocese. These directories always include the names of local parishes and the priests who serve there. They also may contain maps and other aids, and interesting and pertinent information about local history, including even local jurisdictional changes. Many of these are available through the LDS Family History Centers and in libraries having the CIDOC Collection of Latin American Church documents on microfilm. For at least four countries, Spain, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Argentina, such guides exist which also indicate at least the beginning date for parish registers in nearly every parish in the country. 5. Historical Atlases, Maps and Materials. In the chart in the last section of this chapter a special category has been created for geographic reference tools that were printed before 1900 but are still widely available or were written to deal with geography during an historical period, most often the collonial period. The use and format of these materials parallels that of their contemporary counterparts described in other sections above. 6. Local histories. As the name implies, these are histories that deal entirely with a particular town or region, found bothe as books and as articles in periodicals. Scholarly historical journals such as The Americas and Hispanic American Historical Review are particularly valuable. These do not help in locating exact places, but can be extremely valuable in helping to understand the history of that locality, and especially to trace its jurisdictional changes. Other Resources: Cuba Cuba Map http://geology.com/world/cuba-satellite-image.shtml Cuba GenWeb http://www.cubagenweb.org/ Cuban Genealogical Society http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~utcubangs/ University of Miami – Cuban Heritage Collection http://www.library.miami.edu/chc/ Deaths in Santiago de Cuba (July 1898‐May 1902) http://www.hijadelmaryelsol.com/muertes_en_santiago_de_cuba.htm Vanderbilt University – Ecclesiastical Sources for Cubans of African ancestry http://lib11.library.vanderbilt.edu/diglib/esss.pl