stefano poda - The scenographer
Transcription
stefano poda - The scenographer
ITnHE t eM r nAGAZINE a t i o n aOF l T J HEATRE o u r n aD l IRECTORS o f S e t AND & SStTAGE a g e DDESIGNERS e s i g n March 2016 $ 9.00 / £ 6.50 / € 8.00 STEFANO PODA THE TRUTH IN ART NABUCCO by Giuseppe Verdi. Director & Scenic Design by Thaddeus Strassberger. Conductor by Philippe Auguin. Costume Design by Mattie Ullrich. Lighting Design by Mark McCullough. ASC - Tela Sceno Super The natural colour. 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FOR THEATERS AND PERFORMING ARTS. LOWER AND SUPERIOR MECHANICAL TECHNICAL DATA SHEET PRODUCTS Lower mechanical Superior mechanical Motor controller Control systems Mobile retractable grandstands Pro Line Professsional Products, a perfect expression of quality and technology for your requirements of stage movement. Motorized system for stage and orchestra pit I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l o f S e t & S t a g e D e s i g n STEFANO PODA OR THE TRUTH IN ART by Jaume Radigales PUBLISHED BIMONTHLY BY SCSA, LTD. LONDON EDITOR IN CHIEF Paolo Felici MANAGING EDITOR Maria Harman GRAPHIC DESIGN Paolo Felici ARTISTIC DIRECTOR Henning Brockhaus EDITORIAL STAFF Costanza Beghelli, Ivana D’Agostino, Stefano De Tuglie, Chiara La Ferlita, Lorenzo Letizia, Maria Harman, Laura Scaglione. CONTRIBUTOR FOR THIS ISSUE Jaume Radigales ENGLISH TRASLATIONS Maria Harman PHOTOGRAPHIES BY Attila Nagy, Palyi Zsofia, Alberto Ramella, Alessandra Giannese, Toni Suter, Enrico Cesaro, Uwe Strattmann, Haris Akriviadis. DISTRIBUTION MAGZTER Inc. One Rockefeller Plaza,11th Floor New York, NY 10020 USA SUBSCRIPTIONS [email protected] Tel. +39.3478359731 For advertising inquiries, please email [email protected] All artistic material and photos published is the sole property of the authors cited. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmetted, in any form or be means, electronic, mechanical, photocopyng, recording or otherwie, without prior permission of the authors and publisher. PHOTO COVER TRISTAN UND ISOLDE by Richard Wagner. Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, 2014 ©2016 The Scenographer. FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. 05 HIGH QUALITY PRINTING PVC / Projectionfoil TULLE / American Mesh TELA / Cloth TLF Translight Double print LE D LI G H T BOX STEFANO T PODA true artist is measured in terms of development, rather than by immediate success. And the work of art, this something that is unrealizable in its entirety, originates from a creative humus, rather like Michelangelo’s sculptures that materialize, appearing to emerge from a block of marble, it germinates from an idea and from its conceptualization, yet apparently lacks form or is wholly recognizable in its organic state. The term "art" derives from the Latin "ars", taken from the Greek word "tekné", which refers to the capability to transform an idea into an object, be it material or otherwise. Art, more than creation, can be defined as the assimilation of concepts and the material transformation of ideas that metamorphose based upon a gradual process that is aesthetic but also ethical in nature. In this sense we can say that Stefano Poda’s body of work is the fruit of an evident "tekné" resulting from a mental process that transforms a concept into a complex scenic reality, based on the combining of distinct artistic disciplines. Stefano Poda conducts an extremely wide-ranging exploration into the spirit and the material world. 8 / STEFANO PODA by Jaume Radigales OR THE TRUTH IN ART It is the result of a transparent and honest intellectual labour, of analysis and of an ethical and aestethic development, cultivated by a broad literary, musical and philosophical research extended to the field of plastic arts. Stefano Poda’s mises en scène have enabled him to mature as a man and as an artist. And they have helped him to change, to explore, to rediscover, to achieve results that are absolutely spot-on. And why not, the odd mistake too. In fact the artist can learn much more from errors made than from his successes. All this enables the Italian artist to realize works that come close to Gesamtkunstwerk, which roughly translates as "total art work", when perhaps a more appropriate expression would be "integral art work" or "complete art" as Poda integrates into each mise-enscène, the global nature of a work undertaken with great boldness and diversity: he is equally responsible for the directing, the stage design, the costumes and the lighting as well as the choreography of his productions. All this based on a perfectly coherent, inimitable style that traces back to his early productions, from 1993 to the present. I recall those early shows in which the first signs of that aestheticism, which was to become a clearly recognized benchmark, that over time has acquired an irrefutable maturity and coherence. It is interesting to note, however, that Stefano Poda’s productions emerge within a context that is experiencing evolutionary change in the role of theatre as applied to musical drama and opera. A context much given to controversy, with innovative designs, at times openly challenging in the stagnation of non-sense, from which this Italian artist has always refrained. More precisely: his works, without being edgy, at times provoke adverse reactions, at times a total adhesion to and identification with that which is seen and that which is heard. However, they are likewise innovative because they base their raison d’être on a work that is deeply conceptual, of ideas, of conjecture and of theories. And yet they show every indication of a common identity, among which an aestheticism assigned to good taste is noted, thanks to the search for beauty as defined by its intrinsic elements: symmetry and harmony. ETHICAL AND AESTHETIC PRINCIPLES. Musical theatre for Stefano Poda is a symbolic gesture, he feels that it comes from an abstraction that gradually materializes into visual corporeality while still maintaining the sensual, intangible flow of the musical language. It is for this reason that Poda is defined as an artisan rather than artist, for his all-round meticulous commitment to the technical as well as the creative aspects of his work and the diversified fields that it encompasses. This must be the reason for which, despite over a hundred or so titles by different authors, he has always preferred to distance himself from naturalism or realism, even though this Italian director has certainly had to deal with Puccini operas, due to contractual obligations. Be that as it may, it was Mozart’s Don Giovanni and Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde which he staged for the inauguration of Maggio Musicale Fiorentino 2014, conducted by Zubin Mehta, or Debussy’s Pelléas et Mélisande, as the authors and operas compatible with an artistic concept in which music and song is shaped from metaphysical elements, just as in literature, - in referencing Nietzsche, Flaubert or Proust’s Recherche – find their point of convergence. Productions that are essentially "musical", in a final analysis. It is not stating the obvious to declare it, especially within a modern context in which the opera all too often is excessively referential to other contexts distinct from music understood as a language, as can be, for example, mainstream cinema or hi-tech post-modernity. Too much Tarantino and little – or at times not at all – in the contemplative manner of an Ozu or a Tarkovsky, that is to say of those pure cineasts, possessing a poetic dimension which, in the case of both cineasts, extends far beyond the bounds of film language. Yet they succeed, necessarily, in realizing and screening films in themselves. In this same line of purity Poda emerges as an essentially "modern" artist, creator of a Weltanschauung (world view) and a Sehnsucht (wistful longing) that invite contemplation, a universal view of the world from the standpoint of a combined ethical and aesthetic undertaking: the work of art understood as based on its social function, but also as an invitation to reveal the symbolism, arising from general conceptions, of undeniable aesthetic attraction, based on intrinsic criteria such as beauty, symmetry and harmony. STEFANO PODA / 9 It is for this reason that in Poda’s productions the pure geometric forms such as circles and squares take on symbolic forms, as is the use of materials, from those that are physically hard (stone, wood, gesso) to those that have softer qualities (sand or rice). Not to mention an illumination in which light and shadow, cones of zenithal light and sinuous luminous atmospheres contribute to this symbolism that only those who stop at the form without penetrating the substance define pure aestheticism. Poda’s productions do not demonstrate, they do not explain, they simply “are”. Rather, they encourage the audience to construe the significance. From the duplicity of the interpretation of art, that which is isolationist and that which is contextualized, Poda approaches the latter: we need to know how to recognize the codes, the contexts, the forms, the symbols in order to comprehend the materialization, the artistic representation of postulates that spur Poda to realize one or another production. Even so, many of his productions require a second or third viewing in order to clearly read all the lines and patterns that converge and interpose within them, such is the richness of his visual language, which is potent, direct and sensual. That is why Stefano Poda does not consider himself to be a creator, but leaves it to the spectator to really “create” the show, from the revealing of its integral parts to the consequent definition of the whole, which would be the opera completed following a work in progress, which implies the search for truths that integrate and constitute the whole. DEFINITION OF A STYLE. The visual aesthetics of Stefano Poda, perfectly recognizable and identifiable right from his early productions, one can best understand from his origins: Trento. The city of the Council of Trent and the Counter-Reformation has inevitably marked the 10 / STEFANO PODA trajectory of a director who has succumbed to the allure of the theatre by way of liturgical imagery. Trento, like Trieste, is however also a frontier town, a crossroads between Mediterranean Italy and Central Europe. It is neither fully Austria nor Italy. Thus, as much Christian mythos as there are references to Germanic - or if you prefer, Central European, culture – can be seen in his productions. So here we have the processions, the parades, the symmetrical movement, the religious reference (the cross) or liturgical (the burners of incense) and costumes that enable us to contextualize many of these spectacles, as a kind of initiatory ceremony in which the characters appear to roam in search of their truth (Don Giovanni) or by reason of their accursed beauty (Thais). Not to mention the most theocratic opera of all, the Don Carlo (Verdi), which Poda staged in Erfurt in 2013, with a truly epiphanic conception of the liturgical movement while also being a veiled criticism by referencing the scene of the ecclesiastical fashion show in Federico Fellini’s 1972 film Roma. Stefano Poda’s productions, which raise more questions than answers, function as echoes of the past, playing with oneiric imagery and with subconscious memory. And, rather in the manner of a Proustian character, their foundation lies in the probing of the obscure depths of artistic conception towards the purity of instinct. So one could talk, - and the author of this article had already defined it as such around two decades ago of " tragic decadence " as indicative of Stefano Poda’s style, as it appeals to that mood or atmosphere, that stirring of sentiment in the face of all that is born with the will to die, like the anti-heroes of Thomas Mann (Tonio Kröger or Gustav von Aschenbach) or the main characters of Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde. That of Poda is nonetheless a vitalistic tragedizing, coherent with the sign of the times as our artist from Trento never remains anchored in the vacuous aestheticism that his detractors accuse him of portraying. Quite the contrary: Poda’s stagings reveal an abundance of Überwirklichkeit (hyper-reality) typical of the writings of Robert Musil, such as Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften (The Man Without Qualities). From here, the neo-baroque excess, so necessary, to my mind, in order to be able to read all the visual and textual codes of these opera productions, cannot be taken in with a single viewing, as we have already implied. Tragic hedonism in Don Giovanni, ritualization of death in the bel canto echoes of Anna Bolena and Maria Stuarda, sin and redemption in Thais, the dramatizing of truth and deception in Falstaff ... always beneath the shelter of a fin de siècle view that is a cry of protest for the construction of a world which, far from the vanities of postmodernism or the liquid times of the hypertext, must continue to raise questions in the light of the truth in art. IN CONCLUSION. Up to what point are Poda’s productions faithful or not faithful to the operas staged is a question that in a certain sense does not have a straight answer. More than anything, because the question is not particularly relevant. I don’t believe that that is the intention of this Italian artist because his stagings are a premise, inviting the spectator to think and to become an active participant in the show. And in this there is much respect, initially towards the receiver – I naturally avoid using the term "consumer", a dreadful word for nothing in line with the modernity proposed by Stefano Poda in his productions nor even with his development as a man and as an artist. Another issue to consider is that of scripting. While Poda certainly does not stay faithful ‘to the letter’ of each opera, he does not deviate from the libretto: genotexts and phenotexts, in other words. Put differently, from the literary origins and musical roots and to the aesthetic coherence of these literary and musical symbioses. In a context such as that described at the beginning of this article, in which the work of the dramatist appears to be a crucial element in the creation of an operatic production, Poda appears as a true demiurge of the opera, as an interpreter of the libretto so as to provide layered interpretations thus leaving the spectator free to discover them and to seek further interpretation based on the total, complete, integrated, globalized or integral work of art, as is opera. And Poda does this based on an essentially musical, intangible and sensual reality. A music that is the most erotic of the arts, because according to Kierkegaard it is that which comes closest to the integration of all the senses even though it is perceived only (or initially) through the faculty of hearing. It seems as if Poda, on the contrary, wants to convey that the music becomes a language in itself, the essence of that sensuality. Music as a vehicle, not as an end in itself, even though it is a substantial and transmissive part, demiurgic in other words, of the works of the Italian artist. A man (Poda) and some productions forever in search of aesthetic verity. Even though it is common knowledge that in the field of aesthetics the truths are, most of the time, questions lacking answers that beg other and yet more impassioned interrogatories. TESTO IN ITALIANO TEXTO EN ESPAÑOL STEFANO PODA / 11 O TELLO OTELLO, by Giuseppe Verdi, libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare’s tragedy. Conducted by Gergely Madaras / Pinchas Steinberg. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. HUNGARIAN STATE OPERA, 2015. Photo by Attila Nagy OTELLO, by Giuseppe Verdi, libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare’s tragedy. Conducted by Gergely Madaras / Pinchas Steinberg. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. HUNGARIAN STATE OPERA, 2015. STEFANO PODA / 13 tello Photo by Attila Nagy O Photo by Palyi Zsofia Photo by Palyi Zsofia OTELLO, by Giuseppe Verdi, libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare’s tragedy. Conducted by Gergely Madaras / Pinchas Steinberg. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. HUNGARIAN STATE OPERA, 2015. FAUST FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. All Photos by Ramella & Giannese http://sync-studio.com/ita/photographers.asp FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. FAUST FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. FAUST FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. FAUST by di Charles Gounod. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda . Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2015. ANDREA CHENIER 24 / STEFANO PODA ANDREA CHENIER, by Umberto Giordano. Conducted by Daniele Gallegari. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. KNO Korea National Opera, Seul. 2015 ANDREA CHENIER, by Umberto Giordano. Conducted by Daniele Gallegari. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. KNO Korea National Opera, Seul. 2015 ANDREA CHENIER ANDREA CHENIER, by Umberto Giordano. Conducted by Daniele Gallegari. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. KNO Korea National Opera, Seul. 2015 TRISTAN UND ISOLDE, by Richard Wagner. Conducted by Zubin Mehta. Direction, stage, costume, coreo- graphy and lighting design by Stefano Poda. MAGGIO MUSICALE FIORENTINO, 2014. TRISTAN UND ISOLDE TRISTAN UND ISOLDE, by Richard Wagner. Conducted by Zubin Mehta. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. MAGGIO MUSICALE FIORENTINO, 2014. STEFANO PODA / 27 TRISTAN UND ISOLDE TRISTAN UND ISOLDE, by Richard Wagner. Conducted by Zubin Mehta. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. MAGGIO MUSICALE FIORENTINO, 2014. TOSCA TOSCA, by G. Puccini. Conducted Photos by Uwe Strattmann http://www.uwestratmann.de/ by Toshiyuki Kamioka. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. WUPPERTALER BÜHNEN, 2014 Photos by Uwe Strattmann http://www.uwestratmann.de/ TOSCA, by G. Puccini. Conducted by Toshiyuki Kamioka. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. WUPPERTALER BÜHNEN, 2014 Don Carlo DON CARLO, by Giuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Manlio Benzi. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. THEATER ERFURT, GERMANY 2013. STEFANO PODA / 33 Don Carlo DON CARLO, by Giuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Manlio Benzi. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. THEATER ERFURT, GERMANY 2013. ATTILA by Giuseppe Verdi. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. ST.GALLER FESTSPIELE 2013. ATTILA Photos by Toni Suter ATTILA, by Giuseppe Verdi. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. ST.GALLER FESTSPIELE 2013. Outside the cathedral is created for the 8th St.Gallen Festival an impressive battle scenes, which is composed of the warring armies of Huns and Romans, devastating war traces and destroyed artifacts, but also a sign of hope for a better future. STEFANO PODA / 37 RIGOLETTO by Giuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Giampaolo Bisanti. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO VERDI PADOVA , 2013 Photo by Entico Cesaro RIGOLETTO RIGOLETTO RIGOLETTO by Giuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Giampaolo Bisanti. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO VERDI PADOVA , 2013 Photos by Entico Cesaro http://enricocesaro.com/ STEFANO PODA / 41 RIGOLETTO RIGOLETTO by Giuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Giampaolo Bisanti. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO VERDI PADOVA , 2013 TOSCA by Giacomo Puccini. Conducted by Peter Marschik. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. STADTTHEATER KLAGENFURT, 2012 T O S C A by Giacomo Puccini. Conducted by Peter Marschik. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. STADTTHEATER KLAGENFURT, 2012 IL TROVATORE Photos by Haris Akriviadis / www.akriviadis.gr IL TROVATORE by G. Verdi. Conducted by Loukas Karitinos Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. ODEUM OF HERODES ATTICUS , ATHENS FESTIVAL 2012. STEFANO PODA / 47 MARIA STUARDA MARIA STUARDA MARIA STUARDA Photo by KARIM ZAATAR MARIA STUARDA, by G. Donizetti. Conducted by Gaetano D'Espinoza. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. OPERA GRAZ, 2012 with revival in 2013 in co-production with Asociación Bilbaína de Amigos de la Ópera (ABAO) di Bilbao LEGGENDA All Photos by Ramella & Giannese http://sync-studio.com/ita/photographers.asp LEGGENDA by Alessandro Solbiati. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2011 LEGGENDA by Alessandro Solbiati. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2011 LEGGENDA by Alessandro Solbiati. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2011 LEGGENDA LEGGENDA by Alessandro Solbiati. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2011 STEFANO PODA / 55 TRITTICO IL TRITTICO by G. Puccini. Conducted by Richard Buckley. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO COLÓN DI BUENOS AIRES, 2011 LA FORZA DEL DESTINO LA FORZA DEL DESTINO, by G.iuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Gianluigi Gelmetti.Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO PARMA, 2011 L A FORZA D D EL ESTINO LA FORZA DEL DESTINO, by G.iuseppe Verdi. Conducted by Jader Bignamini. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO PARMA, FESTIVAL VERDI 2014 LA FORZA DEL DESTINO, by G. Verdi. Conducted by Jader Bignamini. Direction, stage, costume, and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO PARMA, FESTIVAL VERDI 2014 THAIS THE ITALIAN OPERATIC SOPRANO BARBARA FRITTOLI THAÏS di Jules Massenet. Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda. Direction, stage, costume, coreography and lighting design by Stefano Poda. TEATRO REGIO DI TORINO, 2008. All Photos by Ramella & Giannese THAIS THAIS FALSTAFF FALSTAFF by G. Verdi. Conducted by Paolo Arrivabeni. Direction, stage, costume and lighting OPÉRA ROYAL DE WALLONIE-LIÈGE, 2009 design by Stefano Poda. STEFANO PODA / 69 FALSTAFF FALSTAFF by G. Verdi. Conducted by Paolo Arrivabeni. Direction, stage, costume and lighting design by Stefano Poda. OPÉRA ROYAL DE WALLONIE-LIÈGE, 2009 STEFANO PODA BRIEF BIOGRAPHY In his search for aesthetic and conceptual unity, the artistic work of Stefano Poda always encompasses direction, set design, costume design, lightning and choreography in a personal seal founded on a visionary, multi-level imprint balanced between ancient images and contemporary art. In 2015, new productions are Faust at the Teatro Regio of Torino (co-production with Israeli Opera of Tel Aviv and Opéra of Lausanne, DVD Unitel), Andrea Chénier at Korea National Opera, Thaïs at the Theatro Municipal de São Paulo, Otello at the Opera of Budapest. 2016 new productions are Ariodante at the Opéra de Lausanne, Elixir of Love in Strasbourg for the Opéra national du Rhin, Titan, choreography on Mahler's Symphony No. 1 for the National Dance Company of São Paulo and Fosca of Carlos Gomes at the Theatro Municipal de São Paulo. His worldwide career numbers about one hundred productions. Among his more recent and best-known works as Opera Director, Set, Costumes, Lighting Designer, and Choreographer include: at the Teatro Regio of Torino, Thaïs by Massenet in 2008 (DVD and Blu-ray RAI/ Arthaus Musik), which has been included in the list of twenty landmark opera productions over the past twenty years, compiled by BBC Music Magazine in 2012; at the Opéra Royal de Wallonie-Liège, Falstaff with Ruggero Raimondi for the movie theaters around the world in 2009 (DVD RAI/Dynamic); Il Concilio dei Pianeti of Albinoni (DVD Unitel); La Forza del Destino as season-opening 2011 of the Teatro Regio of Parma (DVD Unitel) and revival at Parma Festival Verdi 2014; The Trittico by Puccini at the Colón of Buenos Aires in 2011; Leggenda by Alessandro Solbiati at Teatro Regio of Torino; Rigoletto , Lucia di Lammermoor and Nabucco at the Teatro Verdi of Padua and Trieste. In 2012 he presents Maria Stuarda at the Opera Graz (with revival in 2013 in Bilbao), Tosca (Klagenfurt and Wuppertal) and inaugurates the 2012 Athens Festival with Trovatore at the Acropolis' theatre of Herodes Atticus. In 2013 he inaugurates the St.Gallen Festival with Attila and the opera season of Theater Erfurt with Don Carlo. In 2014, Stefano Poda's new production Tristan und Isolde (conducted by music director Zubin Mehta) opens the 77th edition of the Festival Maggio Musicale Fiorentino. www.stefanopoda.com NEXT ISSUE MAY 2016 THADDEUS STRASSBERGER STAGE DIRECTOR & DESIGNER