SkyScan 1278

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BRUKER
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
X-ray sou rce
20-65kV, 50W, 501Jm spot size, 4-position filter changer
X-ray detector
flat-panel CMOS sensor, 1944 x 1536 pixels, 14-bit
Nominalresolutio n
(pix el size on th e object)
<521Jm at any location in the scanned volume
Scanning space
80mm in diameter, 200mm in length
(80mm in diameter, 80mm in length in a single scan)
Reco nst ructed vo Ium e
up to 1536 x 1536 x 1566 pixels
(after a singl e scan)
lntegrated physiological
monitoring
real-time motion detection (5Mp co lour CMOS camera},
ECG, breat hing detection, temperatu re stabi lizatio n,
all signals digitized in 16bit with up to 150 samples/sec
Radi ation saf ety
<1uSv/h at any point on the instrum ent surface
Dim ensions, w eight
850W X 12400 X 960 H mm, 240kg
Power supply
100-240V AC, 50-60Hz, <150W (exc luding w o rkst ation)
LX.J
Control workstation:
Proces so rs
Dual 8-core Intel XEO N
Memory (RAM)
64G B I 1866MHz
Di sk space (HDD)
6TB (2 x 3TB, RAIDO) + 512GB Solid State Drive
Monitor
24"UitraSharp LED LCD (1920x1200 native resolution)
850mm
1240mm
e
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SkyScan 1278
.z7
960mm
www. bruker.com
1620mm
• Ultra Low-Dose, High Throughput
ln-Vivo X-Ray Microtomograph
Bruker microCT
Ksrtuizersweg 3B,
2SSO Kontid1, Belgium
phone; +32 3 877 5705
fax: +32 3 877 5769
www.bruker-microct.com
info@bruker-microclcom
sales@bru ke•microclcom
•
Ci tothe Bruker n->tcroCTwebs!e please
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Innovation with lntegrity
MICROTOMOGRAPHY
e
WORLD'S FASTEST LOW-DOSE HIGH RESOLUTION IN-VIVO MICRO-CT
•
Shortest full-body animal scan ta kes 7.2 seconds with ty):ical dose less than 6mGy.
•
50 11m nominal resdution throughout 80 mm scanning diametElf and 200 mm scanning length.
•
Fast and very sensitive flat-panel detector resdving dynsmies of mouse heart and lungs
activities even without using a oontrast agent.
• MicrofocusX-ray source with adjustable energy from 20 to 65kV and automatic filtEif
changEif allo>Ns optimized scanning protoool with minimized applied dose.
• Spatial beam shaper invented by Bruke r microCT reduces dose 2-5 tim es without affecting
reoonstructed image quality.
•
lntegrated physiological monitoring with breathing sensor. ECG. temperature s tabilization and
body movement detection. provides 4D (time-resolvedl cardiac and respiratory microtomography.
lt can deliver more than 100 measuremen ts per second for all parameters and images.
•
Easily replaceable mouse and rat cassettewith anaes theti c gas ma sk, elec trical Connections
to all physiological sensors can be inserted and removed by a single click.
• On-screen dose meter indicates applied dose to the animal based on information from
i nd ivi dua I ana Iysis of X-ray i ma ges.
•
lnteg rated toud1screen allows control of main system func tions by gloved hand s.
•
Reconstructed image data saved in DICOM and o ther conventiona l formatssuch as
TIFF. JPG. BMP, PNG as weil as movies of 3D rend erin gs in AV I-format.
•
Results of reconstruction can be directly sent to m obi le devi ces, such as iPad, iPh one or
Android phones/tablets for volume rendered 3D v iewing using supplied software.
•
The system is suppli ed with GLP (Good Laboratory Pra cticel software.
e
WORLD'S FASTEST LOW-DOSE HIGH RESOLUTION IN-VIVO MICRO-CT
•
Shortest full-body animal scan ta kes 7.2 seconds with ty):ical dose less than 6mGy.
•
50 11m nominal resdution throughout 80 mm scanning diametElf and 200 mm scanning length.
•
Fast and very sensitive flat-panel detector resdving dynsmies of mouse heart and lungs
activities even without using a oontrast agent.
• MicrofocusX-ray source with adjustable energy from 20 to 65kV and automatic filtEif
changEif allo>Ns optimized scanning protoool with minimized applied dose.
• Spatial beam shaper invented by Bruke r microCT reduces dose 2-5 tim es without affecting
reoonstructed image quality.
•
lntegrated physiological monitoring with breathing sensor. ECG. temperature s tabilization and
body movement detection. provides 4D (time-resolvedl cardiac and respiratory microtomography.
lt can deliver more than 100 measuremen ts per second for all parameters and images.
•
Easily replaceable mouse and rat cassettewith anaes theti c gas ma sk, elec trical Connections
to all physiological sensors can be inserted and removed by a single click.
• On-screen dose meter indicates applied dose to the animal based on information from
i nd ivi dua I ana Iysis of X-ray i ma ges.
•
lnteg rated toud1screen allows control of main system func tions by gloved hand s.
•
Reconstructed image data saved in DICOM and o ther conventiona l formatssuch as
TIFF. JPG. BMP, PNG as weil as movies of 3D rend erin gs in AV I-format.
•
Results of reconstruction can be directly sent to m obi le devi ces, such as iPad, iPh one or
Android phones/tablets for volume rendered 3D v iewing using supplied software.
•
The system is suppli ed with GLP (Good Laboratory Pra cticel software.
• Best results in any application
FULL BODY MOUSE SCAf\1 A reconstructed coronal virtual slice through a mouse body. No contrast agent
Scanning protocol: 65k\l, Al1mm filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 680x680x1732 pixels.
USII\JG COI\JTRAST AGEI\JT Volume rendering froma full body mouse scanwith contrastagentinjection.
Scanning protocol: 65kV, "low dose" filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 860x860x1944pixels
SPII\JE MICROSTRUCTURE Volume rendering with virtual opening of the spine of a rat
Scanning protocol: 65 kV, "low dose" filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 992x992x1566pixels
FAT DISTRIBUTIOf\1 Af\JALYSIS Volume rendering ofthe distribution of fatshown in orange inside the mouse body.
No contrast agent Scanning protocol: 60kV, Al 0.5mm filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixels.
SCAI\Jf\Jif\JG OF MOUSE LUI\JGS Two identical sagittel slices reconstructedwithoutsynchronization with breathing !leftl
and by 4D sorting using time marks from breathing sensor lrightl. No contrast agent
TIME-RESOLVED HEART BEAT Coronal ltopl and sagittel lbottoml reconstructed slices from four phases of the cardiac
cycle. 4D scanning using contrastagent with data sorting according to ECG time marks.
• Best results in any application
FULL BODY MOUSE SCAf\1 A reconstructed coronal virtual slice through a mouse body. No contrast agent
Scanning protocol: 65k\l, Al1mm filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 680x680x1732 pixels.
USII\JG COI\JTRAST AGEI\JT Volume rendering froma full body mouse scanwith contrastagentinjection.
Scanning protocol: 65kV, "low dose" filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 860x860x1944pixels
SPII\JE MICROSTRUCTURE Volume rendering with virtual opening of the spine of a rat
Scanning protocol: 65 kV, "low dose" filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixel size, 992x992x1566pixels
FAT DISTRIBUTIOf\1 Af\JALYSIS Volume rendering ofthe distribution of fatshown in orange inside the mouse body.
No contrast agent Scanning protocol: 60kV, Al 0.5mm filter, 501-Jm isotropic pixels.
SCAI\Jf\Jif\JG OF MOUSE LUI\JGS Two identical sagittel slices reconstructedwithoutsynchronization with breathing !leftl
and by 4D sorting using time marks from breathing sensor lrightl. No contrast agent
TIME-RESOLVED HEART BEAT Coronal ltopl and sagittel lbottoml reconstructed slices from four phases of the cardiac
cycle. 4D scanning using contrastagent with data sorting according to ECG time marks.
• Animal Handling
• lntegrated Physiological Monitaring
MOUSE AND RAT CASSETIES
PHYS IOL OGI CAL M ONITO Rl NG
The SkyScan 1278 system is supplied
with exchangeable animal cassettes that
can be used in all Bruker in-vivo imaging
instruments such as MRI. micro-PET,
micro-SPECl bio-luminescence, bioHuarescence, etc. to col lect multimodal
information. lt allows co-registration of
functional and morphological infarmation
from the same animal.
The physiological monitaring sub-system
includes video monitaring of an animal with
real-time movement detection, ECG and
brea thing detection, and temperature
stabilization . A 5 megapixel colour lV-camera
is mounted above the animal bed and
equipped with white LED illumination to
produce a real-time image of the animal
duri ng the scan. The sottware analyses the
video stream from a user-selected area of the
image, which th e operator can position on a
part of the animal body where breathing
movement is vi sible. These movements are
converted into a movement waveform to
provide brea thing timemarks for time-resolved
micro-CT reconstructi on.
Th e ca ssettes are equi pped with fa ce mask
and tubes for anaesthetic gas as weil as
w ith connectors for ECG electrodes and a
temperature sensor. All tubes and contacts
are com bin ed to a si ngl e conn ector, wh ich
can be attached to or deta ched from the
ani mal tran sport system by simple turn
of a small slider. To prevent leakage of
anaesthetic gas, corresponding connections
have valves which stay closed if the animal
casse tte is disconnected from the animal
tra nsport sys tem .
The face ma sk on the animal bed is connec ted
to an air/gas flow sensor for direct brea thin g
detecti on. The ECG el ectrodes in the anima I
cassette are connected to a sensitive ECG
amplifier. Both breathing and ECG signals are
digitized, sent to computer and displayed as
rea I-time profil es on-screen. An opera tor can
select individual gain and threshold for each
signal to optimise generati on of tim emarks. The
monitaring also includes tempera ture stabilization
by heated airflow, which maintains the scanned
animal at a selected temperature, to prevent
cooling of the animal under anaesthesia.
ALL-CARBON ECG ELECTRODES
The anim al cassettes in clu de special cablas an d cl ip electrodes
to detect ECG signals by a sensi tive amplifier integrated in
the physiological monitaring sub-system. The ECG connections
use ECG wiring and electrodes specially developed by
Bruker microCT which contain no metaI parts. The wires and
electrodes employ advanced carbon-fiber conductive parts
with X-ray absorption similar to that of animal tissues far
uncompromised i mage quality.
Shadow prOj&cbons (topland reconstructed slrces (bottom)
throu~ a mous& body w1th attached meta I electrodes Oeft)
and carbon alectrod&s developed by Bruker m 1croCT lnght)
4DTIME-RESOLVED MICROTOMOGRAPHY
Physiological moni tonng creates reference ti memarks for time-resolved reconstru ction of heart
and lung dynamics, invented by Bruker m icroCT.
ln this scanning mode, multiple projecti on images
ta ken at each gan try angular position are sorted
pos t-scan in to brea thin g or heart tim e bi ns using
recorded physiological monitaring tim emarks. Such
sorting creates pseudo-static se ts of projections,
which are reconstructed as separate datasets
and produce 3D sets of results corresponding to
different phases of the card iac or respiratory cycle.
Our vi su ali za tion program Ioad s aII recons tru cted
datasets and allows scrolling in XYZ dimension
across the recons tru cted volum e as w eil as in the
time-di men sion to dernon stra te dyna mies of heart
or lung movements in sharp reconstructed images
minimally affected by movement artifa cts. Because
all acquired data are sorted after the acquisition
process, respira tary and ca rdia c cycles can be
visualized by sorting according to timemarks
from physiological monitaring without rescanning
theanimal.
unages from camera
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• Animal Handling
• lntegrated Physiological Monitaring
MOUSE AND RAT CASSETIES
PHYS IOL OGI CAL M ONITO Rl NG
The SkyScan 1278 system is supplied
with exchangeable animal cassettes that
can be used in all Bruker in-vivo imaging
instruments such as MRI. micro-PET,
micro-SPECl bio-luminescence, bioHuarescence, etc. to col lect multimodal
information. lt allows co-registration of
functional and morphological infarmation
from the same animal.
The physiological monitaring sub-system
includes video monitaring of an animal with
real-time movement detection, ECG and
brea thing detection, and temperature
stabilization . A 5 megapixel colour lV-camera
is mounted above the animal bed and
equipped with white LED illumination to
produce a real-time image of the animal
duri ng the scan. The sottware analyses the
video stream from a user-selected area of the
image, which th e operator can position on a
part of the animal body where breathing
movement is vi sible. These movements are
converted into a movement waveform to
provide brea thing timemarks for time-resolved
micro-CT reconstructi on.
Th e ca ssettes are equi pped with fa ce mask
and tubes for anaesthetic gas as weil as
w ith connectors for ECG electrodes and a
temperature sensor. All tubes and contacts
are com bin ed to a si ngl e conn ector, wh ich
can be attached to or deta ched from the
ani mal tran sport system by simple turn
of a small slider. To prevent leakage of
anaesthetic gas, corresponding connections
have valves which stay closed if the animal
casse tte is disconnected from the animal
tra nsport sys tem .
The face ma sk on the animal bed is connec ted
to an air/gas flow sensor for direct brea thin g
detecti on. The ECG el ectrodes in the anima I
cassette are connected to a sensitive ECG
amplifier. Both breathing and ECG signals are
digitized, sent to computer and displayed as
rea I-time profil es on-screen. An opera tor can
select individual gain and threshold for each
signal to optimise generati on of tim emarks. The
monitaring also includes tempera ture stabilization
by heated airflow, which maintains the scanned
animal at a selected temperature, to prevent
cooling of the animal under anaesthesia.
ALL-CARBON ECG ELECTRODES
The anim al cassettes in clu de special cablas an d cl ip electrodes
to detect ECG signals by a sensi tive amplifier integrated in
the physiological monitaring sub-system. The ECG connections
use ECG wiring and electrodes specially developed by
Bruker microCT which contain no metaI parts. The wires and
electrodes employ advanced carbon-fiber conductive parts
with X-ray absorption similar to that of animal tissues far
uncompromised i mage quality.
Shadow prOj&cbons (topland reconstructed slrces (bottom)
throu~ a mous& body w1th attached meta I electrodes Oeft)
and carbon alectrod&s developed by Bruker m 1croCT lnght)
4DTIME-RESOLVED MICROTOMOGRAPHY
Physiological moni tonng creates reference ti memarks for time-resolved reconstru ction of heart
and lung dynamics, invented by Bruker m icroCT.
ln this scanning mode, multiple projecti on images
ta ken at each gan try angular position are sorted
pos t-scan in to brea thin g or heart tim e bi ns using
recorded physiological monitaring tim emarks. Such
sorting creates pseudo-static se ts of projections,
which are reconstructed as separate datasets
and produce 3D sets of results corresponding to
different phases of the card iac or respiratory cycle.
Our vi su ali za tion program Ioad s aII recons tru cted
datasets and allows scrolling in XYZ dimension
across the recons tru cted volum e as w eil as in the
time-di men sion to dernon stra te dyna mies of heart
or lung movements in sharp reconstructed images
minimally affected by movement artifa cts. Because
all acquired data are sorted after the acquisition
process, respira tary and ca rdia c cycles can be
visualized by sorting according to timemarks
from physiological monitaring without rescanning
theanimal.
unages from camera
IOI1 12131415161718191Ro 01112131415161?181
J~l
timenallt
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i
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I
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"
' ICl Dl A B
c IDIAIB CIDIA BICI DIAIB
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breathing
'
trm bins
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• Simple control, enjoyable experience
• Software for reconstruction, analysis and realistic visualization
TOUCHSCREEN CONTROL
All mi cro-CT scanners from 8 ru ke r m icroCT, includi ng the SkyScan 12 78, are suppli ed wi 1h a comprehen sive softwa re suite
and supported by unlimited free access to software updates available for download from the Bruke r microCTwebsite.
The user interface of the SkyScan1278
system i s simple and intuitive. Th e
in strum ent can be controlled from the
computer screen an d aIso from the
embedded force-sensitive touchscreen,
which ca n be operated by gl oved ha nds.
Th e tou eh screen allows sei ecti on of
sca nni ng protocol, adju stin g anim al bed
position and control of imaging and
sca nni ng. Where multiple ani ma I sca ns
are s tarted from the tou eh screen, the
softwarewill automatically save acquired
da ta to separate subfol ders with
in cremen tally assi gned fol der n am es
and dataset file prefixes.
GPU-ACCELERATED RECONSTRUCTION
The reconstruction softwareN Recon uses a unique
parallel izati on alg orith m for GPU-a ccel erati on on sin gle
or multiple gra ph ical processors. lt supports beamha rdenin g correction, mi sa lig nment compensati on,
ring artifact removal, volum e of interes t recons tru ction,
au tomatic merging partial sca ns and ma ny other options.
VISUALIZATION OF RECONSTRUCTED RESULTS
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The visualization program DataViewer displays results
as a sli ce-by-slice m o.tie or as three adja cently displayed
orth ogona I section s, centred at any selected poin t. One
can rota te and resa mple recons tructed da tasets in any
di rection. Ad diti ona I fea tu res includ e th e 4th di men si on
for time-resolved cardiac and respiratory tomography.
lt aIso i ncl udes automa tic 2D an d 3D co-regi stra tion.
Full flexibili ty of sca nner tun ctiona lity i s
aeh ieved by a stra igh tforwa rd stan dard
Mi erosoft Win dows user i nterfa ce on the
control works tati on. lt allows flexible
ad justment of all X-ray sou rce and detector
setti ngs as weil as con trol of aII sca nn ing
parameters. Any particular set of all
in strum ent setting s can be saved as a
user configuration, allowing reload of all
setti ngs by one cl ick for future sca ns.
2D /3D IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS
VARIABLE X-RAY ENERGY, FILTERSAND BEAM SHAPER FOR LOW-DOSE SCANNING
The SkyScan 1278 uses an X-rav source with adjustable energy end power. ln combination with a motorized fouf1)0sition
filter changer it provides optimal scanning protocols for in-vivo studies taking into eocount size of animals. scanning site.
gating end dose requirementB. One of the positions in the filterchangar is occupied b'( a so-called Nlow-doseN filter. which
is e uniqua X-n1Y beem shaper invented b'( Bruker microCT (patent pendingl. lt createa variable filtering conditions ecross
the scenning area end reduces dose to the enimal 2-5 times without compromising image qualitv of 1he reconstructed
results.
ON-SCREEN REAL-TIME DOSE METER
The SkyS ca n1278 control software includ es a real-time
on-screen dose meter. lt i ndi ca tes an es tima tion of th e
dose absorbed by anim al body duri ng sca nn ing. Th e
measurement is based on the absorption calculations
from X-ray im ag es of the pa rt of th e anim al irra dia ted by
X-rays durin g sca nni ng cross-ca librated with electron ic
dosimeter measurements.
The dose meter ca n show accu mul ated dose or d ose
rate. Th e color of th e d ose di splay eh an ges from green
to yell ow- orange - red to ind ica te i ncreasin g of
accumu lated d ose or d ose rate, to help th e u ser Iim it
the dose to the an ima I to an accepta bl e Ievei.
The dose meter is calibrated for X-ray absorption in the
s tan da rd mouse and rat cassettes. ln this way it only
measures the X-ray dose absorbed in ani ma I body
itsel f duri ng scann ing. The d ose absorbed by the ani ma I
du ring a scan is documented in the scan log-fil e tog ether
with all scan and reconstruction settings.
CT-Ana lyser or "CTAn" allows accurate and detailed
study of micro-CT results for morphometry and
densitometry. Powerful, flexible and programmable
ima ge processi ng tools allow a wi de rang e of
segmenta tion, en ha ncemen t an d m ea suremen t
functions for an alysi s i nsi de any sl ice or 3D vol ume.
Versatile volume of interest selection tools allows free
hand drawing, selection of standard shapes and
editing regions of interests in key slices with
au toma tic interpol ati on to full volum e. CTAn con ta ins
hundreds of embedded functions with the possibility
to execu te any seq uen ce of ta sks step by step, buil d
tasklists for automated batch-analysis and execute
user-crea ted plu g-i ns.
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3DVISUALIZATION BY SURFACE RENDERING
CT-Volume or "CTVol" uses surface-triangulated models
from CTAn and provides a virtuai3D viewing
environment, flexible and rich in features, to give
you a wid e ra nge of options for 3D presenta tion of
microCT results. Any surface- tri an gul ated volum e can
be exported in STL-format for F EA analysis or for 3D
printers to create a physical copy of the scan ned object.
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3D VISUALIZATION BYVOLUME RENDERING
The volume rendering program CTVox displays a set of
recons tructed sli ces as a realis tic 3D obj ect wi 1h intuitive
naviga tion and man ipu Ia tion of both object and ca mera,
a flexible clippin g tool to produce cut-away views and
an interactive tran sfer tun cti on con trol to ad jus t color
and transparency. The lighting and shadowing with
selection of properties of the material surfaces produces
fully real isti c visua lizati on. A "flig ht record er" tu nction
allows fast creation of "fly around" and "fly through"
an ima tion s based on simple selection of several key
frames with automatic interpolation in between.
lma ging possibili ties in clu de stereo viewing an d
displaying multiple datasets, obtained from single or
different m oda liti es.
" II'Diume rendetintl of a mocm: by CT\bx (ftoot ris;ht part vittually remcMd.l
• Take your results anywhere
• Comprehensive support and good practice for best results
VOLUME RENDERING FOR MOBILES
GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE (GLP) SOFTWARE
The volume rendEiring program supplied with
the system, CTVox. has also its mobile versions.
which can be downloaded for free from the
AppStore for iPhonefiPadfiPod or from GooglePiay
for Android devices. Any 30 results obtained ~
the system can be sent to a mobile device for
realistic visualization ~ real-time volume rendering
with 30 object manipulation. adjustments of
opacity and colors. virtual cut. etc.
The SkyScan1278 system is supplied with a GLP software.
which when activated allows administration of user rights and
implementing neoessary data protection according to GLP
re quirements. Acoess to control software will be protected ~ a
user's name · password combination . Two Ieveis of access can be
granted: standard users and advanced users. Standard use(s
rights allow scanning anim als with saving da ta. reading saved
results and switching scanning protocols. but do not allow erasing
or modifying scanned datasets or changing scanner settings. The
users with advanced access rights have access to the full
tu ncti ona Ii ty of the system . User pa ssword s and access righ ts are
managed by a single system adminis trator.
The results can be sent through a cable connection
or wireless network . Th e exported rendered data
and color sch emes are s tored in the local memory
of the m obi le device and do not req uire any
conn ecti on or downIoad ing du ring ma nipula tions.
AI arge number of reconstructed datasets can be
load ed to the mem ory o f a mobile dev ice. allowing
you to study im ag e resul ts whil e travell ing. sha re
them with colleagues and demoostra te at meetings.
When the GLP software is activated, th e control Software dupli ca tes
every scan Iog-fiie with all scan param eters and sys tem settings.
in an encrypted copy, which canno t be directly accessed or m odified.
Wh en n ecessary, encrypted Iog fi Ies can be restered to tex t for
QA audit, to ensure the secure s toring and traceabili ty of criti cal
sca n i nforma tion an d allow reprod ucti on of any sca n.
AUTOMATIC E-MAIL REPORTING
SOFTWARE UPDATES
The SkyScan 1278 control softwa re can
send you an ~ma il at the end of a scan .
The ~mail indudes a direct link to the data
telder containing the scan results . By a
simply clidking this link you can open the
dataset directly. lf the scanning process
has been interrupted. the softwarewill
also email you a report of the details.
All u~~~era af Bruker mierocr instruments hsve
unlimited free aeeess to all eoftwure updetes.
New vera iona of control 1 nc1 1 pplieation
aoftware ean be downloaded from the
brulceHnieroet.com webaite. To go to the
Bruk:er mieroCT webaite, juat eliek: on the
link in the "About" box fn the control p.rogram.
Using the other link in the eeme "About" boK,
the operutor ee n ~~~end an 8-ffleil w ith questions
or requesta to infotbrukeHnicroct.com.
The ~mail notification can be flexibly
configured according to local security rules
for IT infrastructure.
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TRAINING COURSES. MI CRO-CT ANNUAL MEETINGS, 'BRUKER MI CRO-CT ACADE MY'
Bruker microCT offers e combinetion of both system end softv.11re trei ning thet COYBrs three mejor topics; imege acqu isition,
image reconstruction end deta analysis/Yisualisation. These 5-day courses are held severel times per yeer at BrukBr microCT
IMAGE FORMATS FOR RESULTS
All supplied reconstruction and appli cation so ftware ca n produce and
workwith DICOM format (compliantwi th the D ICOM 3 convention).
wh ich can be consi dered as an ind ustry stand ard for medical ima ging
instruments. The programs ca n also in terchange results in standard
Windows-readable formats, such as BM P, JPG and TIFF for images
and AVI for movie files.
lf necessary, images can be converted from one format to another
using the supplied Format Converter utility. This software can convert
projection im ag es and recons tructed slices to another form at with
modified size and intensity sca le. lt can convert separate image files
or full da taset with rena mi ng, resizing. rescali ng an d ren umberin g
for combining several sets of reconstructed slices together. Another
useful supplied utility named DICOM-CT allows the export of datasets
saved as JPG, BMP or TIFF files to standard OICOM format.
headquerters in Belgium. The goel is to combine the basic theoretical baek:ground of microCT with es much hends-on
experience es possible. After installetion of every system the new customers will raceive first initial training, end letar
edvanced treining either on-site or by course attendence, et the usar's choica.
Bruker microCT also organizes an ennual MicroCT maeting in the form of e 3-day scientific conhtrenoa combinad with
treining wor1<shops. Intensive exchange of knowledge end experience helps new end skilled users to find the way to get
the best results from their microCT imaging. lnvitation to the next MicroCT meeting and ebstracts from presentetions in
the previous meetings ean be found at www.brukeF-microct.com
.~.
The "8 ru ke r m ic ro CT A cade my " is an efficien t edu ca tion al
network for the hundreds of groups who are using SkyScan
in struments. lt includ es a m onthly new sletter w ith appli ca tion
and technical tips and keeps users updated on new methods.
developments and company news. Through participation in the
Academy our users gain access to a database with detailed
appl ication and technical notes and provide feedbaok with
qu estions and suggestions for improvements of our
in struments and software.
• Simple control, enjoyable experience
• Software for reconstruction, analysis and realistic visualization
TOUCHSCREEN CONTROL
All mi cro-CT scanners from 8 ru ke r m icroCT, includi ng the SkyScan 12 78, are suppli ed wi 1h a comprehen sive softwa re suite
and supported by unlimited free access to software updates available for download from the Bruke r microCTwebsite.
The user interface of the SkyScan1278
system i s simple and intuitive. Th e
in strum ent can be controlled from the
computer screen an d aIso from the
embedded force-sensitive touchscreen,
which ca n be operated by gl oved ha nds.
Th e tou eh screen allows sei ecti on of
sca nni ng protocol, adju stin g anim al bed
position and control of imaging and
sca nni ng. Where multiple ani ma I sca ns
are s tarted from the tou eh screen, the
softwarewill automatically save acquired
da ta to separate subfol ders with
in cremen tally assi gned fol der n am es
and dataset file prefixes.
GPU-ACCELERATED RECONSTRUCTION
The reconstruction softwareN Recon uses a unique
parallel izati on alg orith m for GPU-a ccel erati on on sin gle
or multiple gra ph ical processors. lt supports beamha rdenin g correction, mi sa lig nment compensati on,
ring artifact removal, volum e of interes t recons tru ction,
au tomatic merging partial sca ns and ma ny other options.
VISUALIZATION OF RECONSTRUCTED RESULTS
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The visualization program DataViewer displays results
as a sli ce-by-slice m o.tie or as three adja cently displayed
orth ogona I section s, centred at any selected poin t. One
can rota te and resa mple recons tructed da tasets in any
di rection. Ad diti ona I fea tu res includ e th e 4th di men si on
for time-resolved cardiac and respiratory tomography.
lt aIso i ncl udes automa tic 2D an d 3D co-regi stra tion.
Full flexibili ty of sca nner tun ctiona lity i s
aeh ieved by a stra igh tforwa rd stan dard
Mi erosoft Win dows user i nterfa ce on the
control works tati on. lt allows flexible
ad justment of all X-ray sou rce and detector
setti ngs as weil as con trol of aII sca nn ing
parameters. Any particular set of all
in strum ent setting s can be saved as a
user configuration, allowing reload of all
setti ngs by one cl ick for future sca ns.
2D /3D IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS
VARIABLE X-RAY ENERGY, FILTERSAND BEAM SHAPER FOR LOW-DOSE SCANNING
The SkyScan 1278 uses an X-rav source with adjustable energy end power. ln combination with a motorized fouf1)0sition
filter changer it provides optimal scanning protocols for in-vivo studies taking into eocount size of animals. scanning site.
gating end dose requirementB. One of the positions in the filterchangar is occupied b'( a so-called Nlow-doseN filter. which
is e uniqua X-n1Y beem shaper invented b'( Bruker microCT (patent pendingl. lt createa variable filtering conditions ecross
the scenning area end reduces dose to the enimal 2-5 times without compromising image qualitv of 1he reconstructed
results.
ON-SCREEN REAL-TIME DOSE METER
The SkyS ca n1278 control software includ es a real-time
on-screen dose meter. lt i ndi ca tes an es tima tion of th e
dose absorbed by anim al body duri ng sca nn ing. Th e
measurement is based on the absorption calculations
from X-ray im ag es of the pa rt of th e anim al irra dia ted by
X-rays durin g sca nni ng cross-ca librated with electron ic
dosimeter measurements.
The dose meter ca n show accu mul ated dose or d ose
rate. Th e color of th e d ose di splay eh an ges from green
to yell ow- orange - red to ind ica te i ncreasin g of
accumu lated d ose or d ose rate, to help th e u ser Iim it
the dose to the an ima I to an accepta bl e Ievei.
The dose meter is calibrated for X-ray absorption in the
s tan da rd mouse and rat cassettes. ln this way it only
measures the X-ray dose absorbed in ani ma I body
itsel f duri ng scann ing. The d ose absorbed by the ani ma I
du ring a scan is documented in the scan log-fil e tog ether
with all scan and reconstruction settings.
CT-Ana lyser or "CTAn" allows accurate and detailed
study of micro-CT results for morphometry and
densitometry. Powerful, flexible and programmable
ima ge processi ng tools allow a wi de rang e of
segmenta tion, en ha ncemen t an d m ea suremen t
functions for an alysi s i nsi de any sl ice or 3D vol ume.
Versatile volume of interest selection tools allows free
hand drawing, selection of standard shapes and
editing regions of interests in key slices with
au toma tic interpol ati on to full volum e. CTAn con ta ins
hundreds of embedded functions with the possibility
to execu te any seq uen ce of ta sks step by step, buil d
tasklists for automated batch-analysis and execute
user-crea ted plu g-i ns.
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3DVISUALIZATION BY SURFACE RENDERING
CT-Volume or "CTVol" uses surface-triangulated models
from CTAn and provides a virtuai3D viewing
environment, flexible and rich in features, to give
you a wid e ra nge of options for 3D presenta tion of
microCT results. Any surface- tri an gul ated volum e can
be exported in STL-format for F EA analysis or for 3D
printers to create a physical copy of the scan ned object.
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3D VISUALIZATION BYVOLUME RENDERING
The volume rendering program CTVox displays a set of
recons tructed sli ces as a realis tic 3D obj ect wi 1h intuitive
naviga tion and man ipu Ia tion of both object and ca mera,
a flexible clippin g tool to produce cut-away views and
an interactive tran sfer tun cti on con trol to ad jus t color
and transparency. The lighting and shadowing with
selection of properties of the material surfaces produces
fully real isti c visua lizati on. A "flig ht record er" tu nction
allows fast creation of "fly around" and "fly through"
an ima tion s based on simple selection of several key
frames with automatic interpolation in between.
lma ging possibili ties in clu de stereo viewing an d
displaying multiple datasets, obtained from single or
different m oda liti es.
" II'Diume rendetintl of a mocm: by CT\bx (ftoot ris;ht part vittually remcMd.l
• Take your results anywhere
• Comprehensive support and good practice for best results
VOLUME RENDERING FOR MOBILES
GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE (GLP) SOFTWARE
The volume rendEiring program supplied with
the system, CTVox. has also its mobile versions.
which can be downloaded for free from the
AppStore for iPhonefiPadfiPod or from GooglePiay
for Android devices. Any 30 results obtained ~
the system can be sent to a mobile device for
realistic visualization ~ real-time volume rendering
with 30 object manipulation. adjustments of
opacity and colors. virtual cut. etc.
The SkyScan1278 system is supplied with a GLP software.
which when activated allows administration of user rights and
implementing neoessary data protection according to GLP
re quirements. Acoess to control software will be protected ~ a
user's name · password combination . Two Ieveis of access can be
granted: standard users and advanced users. Standard use(s
rights allow scanning anim als with saving da ta. reading saved
results and switching scanning protocols. but do not allow erasing
or modifying scanned datasets or changing scanner settings. The
users with advanced access rights have access to the full
tu ncti ona Ii ty of the system . User pa ssword s and access righ ts are
managed by a single system adminis trator.
The results can be sent through a cable connection
or wireless network . Th e exported rendered data
and color sch emes are s tored in the local memory
of the m obi le device and do not req uire any
conn ecti on or downIoad ing du ring ma nipula tions.
AI arge number of reconstructed datasets can be
load ed to the mem ory o f a mobile dev ice. allowing
you to study im ag e resul ts whil e travell ing. sha re
them with colleagues and demoostra te at meetings.
When the GLP software is activated, th e control Software dupli ca tes
every scan Iog-fiie with all scan param eters and sys tem settings.
in an encrypted copy, which canno t be directly accessed or m odified.
Wh en n ecessary, encrypted Iog fi Ies can be restered to tex t for
QA audit, to ensure the secure s toring and traceabili ty of criti cal
sca n i nforma tion an d allow reprod ucti on of any sca n.
AUTOMATIC E-MAIL REPORTING
SOFTWARE UPDATES
The SkyScan 1278 control softwa re can
send you an ~ma il at the end of a scan .
The ~mail indudes a direct link to the data
telder containing the scan results . By a
simply clidking this link you can open the
dataset directly. lf the scanning process
has been interrupted. the softwarewill
also email you a report of the details.
All u~~~era af Bruker mierocr instruments hsve
unlimited free aeeess to all eoftwure updetes.
New vera iona of control 1 nc1 1 pplieation
aoftware ean be downloaded from the
brulceHnieroet.com webaite. To go to the
Bruk:er mieroCT webaite, juat eliek: on the
link in the "About" box fn the control p.rogram.
Using the other link in the eeme "About" boK,
the operutor ee n ~~~end an 8-ffleil w ith questions
or requesta to infotbrukeHnicroct.com.
The ~mail notification can be flexibly
configured according to local security rules
for IT infrastructure.
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TRAINING COURSES. MI CRO-CT ANNUAL MEETINGS, 'BRUKER MI CRO-CT ACADE MY'
Bruker microCT offers e combinetion of both system end softv.11re trei ning thet COYBrs three mejor topics; imege acqu isition,
image reconstruction end deta analysis/Yisualisation. These 5-day courses are held severel times per yeer at BrukBr microCT
IMAGE FORMATS FOR RESULTS
All supplied reconstruction and appli cation so ftware ca n produce and
workwith DICOM format (compliantwi th the D ICOM 3 convention).
wh ich can be consi dered as an ind ustry stand ard for medical ima ging
instruments. The programs ca n also in terchange results in standard
Windows-readable formats, such as BM P, JPG and TIFF for images
and AVI for movie files.
lf necessary, images can be converted from one format to another
using the supplied Format Converter utility. This software can convert
projection im ag es and recons tructed slices to another form at with
modified size and intensity sca le. lt can convert separate image files
or full da taset with rena mi ng, resizing. rescali ng an d ren umberin g
for combining several sets of reconstructed slices together. Another
useful supplied utility named DICOM-CT allows the export of datasets
saved as JPG, BMP or TIFF files to standard OICOM format.
headquerters in Belgium. The goel is to combine the basic theoretical baek:ground of microCT with es much hends-on
experience es possible. After installetion of every system the new customers will raceive first initial training, end letar
edvanced treining either on-site or by course attendence, et the usar's choica.
Bruker microCT also organizes an ennual MicroCT maeting in the form of e 3-day scientific conhtrenoa combinad with
treining wor1<shops. Intensive exchange of knowledge end experience helps new end skilled users to find the way to get
the best results from their microCT imaging. lnvitation to the next MicroCT meeting and ebstracts from presentetions in
the previous meetings ean be found at www.brukeF-microct.com
.~.
The "8 ru ke r m ic ro CT A cade my " is an efficien t edu ca tion al
network for the hundreds of groups who are using SkyScan
in struments. lt includ es a m onthly new sletter w ith appli ca tion
and technical tips and keeps users updated on new methods.
developments and company news. Through participation in the
Academy our users gain access to a database with detailed
appl ication and technical notes and provide feedbaok with
qu estions and suggestions for improvements of our
in struments and software.
\X)
BRUKER
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
X-ray sou rce
20-65kV, 50W, 501Jm spot size, 4-position filter changer
X-ray detector
flat-panel CMOS sensor, 1944 x 1536 pixels, 14-bit
Nominalresolutio n
(pix el size on th e object)
<521Jm at any location in the scanned volume
Scanning space
80mm in diameter, 200mm in length
(80mm in diameter, 80mm in length in a single scan)
Reco nst ructed vo Ium e
up to 1536 x 1536 x 1566 pixels
(after a singl e scan)
lntegrated physiological
monitoring
real-time motion detection (5Mp co lour CMOS camera},
ECG, breat hing detection, temperatu re stabi lizatio n,
all signals digitized in 16bit with up to 150 samples/sec
Radi ation saf ety
<1uSv/h at any point on the instrum ent surface
Dim ensions, w eight
850W X 12400 X 960 H mm, 240kg
Power supply
100-240V AC, 50-60Hz, <150W (exc luding w o rkst ation)
LX.J
Control workstation:
Proces so rs
Dual 8-core Intel XEO N
Memory (RAM)
64G B I 1866MHz
Di sk space (HDD)
6TB (2 x 3TB, RAIDO) + 512GB Solid State Drive
Monitor
24"UitraSharp LED LCD (1920x1200 native resolution)
850mm
1240mm
e
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SkyScan 1278
.z7
960mm
www. bruker.com
1620mm
• Ultra Low-Dose, High Throughput
ln-Vivo X-Ray Microtomograph
Bruker microCT
Ksrtuizersweg 3B,
2SSO Kontid1, Belgium
phone; +32 3 877 5705
fax: +32 3 877 5769
www.bruker-microct.com
info@bruker-microclcom
sales@bru ke•microclcom
•
Ci tothe Bruker n->tcroCTwebs!e please
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;can t " OR- :c I w«h your rroM> pto,... or oPad
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MICROTOMOGRAPHY