4(55)/2006 - Edukacja ustawiczna dorosłych

Transcription

4(55)/2006 - Edukacja ustawiczna dorosłych
EDUKACJA
ustawiczna
DOROS£YCH
4(55)/2006
Polish Journal of Continuing Education
Patronat Europejskiego Stowarzyszenia Kszta³cenia Doros³ych (EAEA)
RADA PROGRAMOWA
Programmatic council
prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Aleksander (przewodnicz¹cy), UJ;
dr hab. Henryk Bednarczyk, prof. ITeE, WSP ZNP;
mgr Zenon Gaworczuk (TWP); dr Christ Geonkholm (Finlandia);
dr hab. Ryszard Gerlach, prof. AB; dr Kurt Habekost (Dania);
prof. dr hab. Stanis³aw Kaczor, prof. Jozsef Katus (Holandia);
mgr Andrzej Kirejczyk (ZZ DZ); mgr Zbigniew KuŸmiñski;
dr hab. Maria Paw³owa, prof. PR;
prof. dr hab. Ryszard Parzêcki; dr Roman Patora;
mgr Andrzej Pi³at (ZZ DZ); dr hab. Ewa Przybylska,
prof. UMK; mgr Maria H. Rudowski;
(Francja); prof. dr hab. Ewa Solarczyk-Ambrozik (UAM);
prof. dr hab. Igor P. Smirnov (Rosja);
dr hab. Jerzy Stochmia³ek prof. AP, Kraków;
prof. Janos Sz. Toth (Wêgry); dr hab. Zdzis³aw Wo³k, prof. UZ
REDAKCJA
Editorial Board
Henryk Bednarczyk (redaktor naczelny),
Dorota Koprowska, Wanda Surosz,
Jolanta Religa, Marcin Olifirowicz
Redaktor tomu: Joanna Tomczyñska
ul. K. Pu³askiego 6/10, 26-600 Radom
tel. (048) 364-42-41 w. 245, 265; fax (048) 364 47 65
e-mail: [email protected]
RECENZJE – Rada Programowa
Reviews – Programmatic council
ISSN 1507-6563
KWARTALNIK NAUKOWO-METODYCZNY
Scientific – Research Quarterly
– ukazuje siê od wrzeœnia 1993 roku,
nak³ad 4/55 tomu – 700 egz., ³¹cznie 58 400 egz.
EDUKACJA ustawiczna DOROS£YCH 3/2006
Komentarz
Commentary
Problemy oœwiaty
doros³ych w Polsce
i na œwiecie
Problems of adult education
in Poland and in the world
60 lat Zwi¹zku Zak³adów
Doskonalenia Zawodowego
60 years of the Vocational
Education Centres
Wybrane projekty
Zak³adów Doskonalenia
Zawodowego
Selected projects of Vocational
Education Centres
Standardy i ramy
kwalifikacji
Standards and qualification
framework
Sylwetki wybitnych
oœwiatowców
Profiles of outstanding adult
educators
Recenzje, informacje,
dobre praktyki
Reviews, informations, good
practices
1
W czasopismie przedstawiono oryginalne w³asne pogl¹dy Autorów, które nie zawsze podziela redakcja,
wydawcy i EAEA
BIBLIOTEKA PEDAGOGIKI PRACY – monograficzna seria wydawnicza pod redakcj¹ naukow¹
prof. dr. hab. Henryka Bednarczyka ukazuje siê od 1987 roku – 143 t.; 117 290 egz.
Kontynuuje tradycje serii: Biblioteka Kszta³cenia Zawodowego (32 t. lata 1977–1989)
i cyklu materia³ów: Szko³a – Zawód – Praca (11 t. lata 1976–1987)
T³umaczenia:
Jêz. angielski – Ludmi³a £opaciñska-Kupidura
Jêz. rosyjski – Miros³aw ¯urek
Wydanie publikacji dofinansowane przez Komitet Badañ Naukowych
© Copyright by Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji – PIB, Radom 2006
Opracowanie graficzne: Andrzej Kirsz
Opracowanie wydawnicze: Bo¿ena Mazur, Joanna Iwanowska
1634
2
Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technologii Eksploatacji – PIB
ul. K. Pu³askiego 6/10, 26-600 Radom, tel. centr. (048)364-42-41, fax (048)3644765
e-mail: [email protected]
http://www.itee.radom.pl
POLISH JOURNAL of CONTINUING EDUCATION 3/2006
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