Commercial Estimator Program Occupancy Reference

Transcription

Commercial Estimator Program
Occupancy Reference
September 2002
© 2002 - Marshall & Swift, L.P., P.O. Box 26037, Los Angeles, California 90026-0307. All
Rights Reserved Worldwide. No part of this documentation may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................................... 4-i
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 4-1
Alphabetical Occupancy List ........................................................................................................................ 4-2
Numerical Occupancy List ......................................................................................................................... 4-11
School Occupancies ................................................................................................................................... 4-17
Elementary and Secondary School Occupancies.................................................................................... 4-17
College Occupancies............................................................................................................................. 4-18
Occupancy Descriptions ............................................................................................................................. 4-19
Shopping Centers..................................................................................................................................... 4-415
Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 4-415
Complete Cost Occupancies................................................................................................................ 4-415
Separate Shell and Tenant Improvement Occupancies ........................................................................ 4-421
September 2002
SwiftEstimator - Commercial Estimator
4-i
Introduction
Introduction
This Occupancy Reference contains listings and descriptions of the occupancies available in Commercial
Estimator, part of the SwiftEstimator suite of programs. It includes the following subsections:
?? A list of occupancies alphabetically by name (page 4-2).
?? A list of occupancies numerically by occupancy number (page 4-11).
?? A list of occupancies available for Elementary and Secondary Schools and for Colleges (page 4-17).
?? A description of each occupancy, organized numerically by occupancy number (page 4-19). This includes
the following:
?? An indication of whether or not “Elevators by Area” are available for the occupancy.
?? A reference to the Marshall Valuation Service Calculator and Segregated Sections. For example,
"Marshall Valuation Service sections: 11 and 41" indicates that the Calculator Section is 11 and the
Segregated Section is 41.
?? A table of Typical Lives for the qualities in each available class.
?? A “Quality Selection Guide” that lists types of Exterior Walls, Interior Finish, Lighting, Plumbing
and Mechanical, and Heating and Cooling typically found at the most common qualities. Use this as
an aid when selecting the overall quality for the building, and in determining what the default
Exterior Walls and Heating/Cooling are for a given quality.
September 2002
4-1
Occupancy Reference
Alphabetical Occupancy List
The following list contains the occupancies available in Commercial Estimator in alphabetical order by
occupancy name.
Occupancy
600 Administration Building
156 Alternative School
700 Anchor Department Store (Mall)
300 Apartment (High Rise)
989 Apartment (High Rise), Interior Space
596 Apartment (High Rise), Shell
984 Apartment, Luxury (High Rise)
573 Arcade
138 Arch-Rib Hoop Greenhouse, Hoop, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
141 Arch-Rib Hoop Greenhouse, Hoop, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
135 Arch-Rib Hoop Greenhouse, Hoop, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
301 Armory
367 Arts and Crafts Building (College)
589 Assisted Living, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
576 Atrium
302 Auditorium
455 Auto Dealership, Complete
436 Automatic Car Wash
303 Automobile Showroom
410 Automotive Center
563 Bag Fertilizer Storage
304 Bank
443 Bank, Central
578 Bank, Mini
442 Bar/Tavern
384 Barber Shop
305 Barn
561 Barn, Feeder
398 Barn, Fruit Packing
396 Barn, Hog
397 Barn, Sheep
383 Barn, Tobacco
539 Bed and Breakfast Inn
467 Boat Storage Building
466 Boat Storage Shed
488 Bookstore (School)
306 Bowling Alley
582 Branch Post Office
498 Broadcast Facility
420 Bulk Fertilizer Storage
556 Bulk Oil Storage
394 Cabin, Transient Labor
530 Cafeteria
508 Car Wash Canopy
436 Car Wash, Automatic
435 Car Wash, Drive-Thru
4-2
SwiftEstimator – Commercial Estimator
September 2002
434
515
443
309
173
308
310
368
356
598
158
444
311
985
441
447
448
377
471
555
562
477
493
369
357
514
491
413
991
461
497
313
419
531
482
524
538
450
314
315
316
317
426
564
444
318
700
575
513
319
458
320
Car Wash, Self-Serve
Casino
Central Bank
Church
Church Educational Wing
Church with Sunday School
City Club
Classroom (College)
Classroom (Elementary and Secondary School)
Classroom, Relocatable
Classroom, Special Education Classroom
Clinic, Dental
Clubhouse
Clubhouse Center, Senior
Cocktail Lounge
Cold Storage Facility
Cold Storage, Farm
College (Entire)
Commercial Utility Building, Light
Commercial Utility, Arch-Rib, Quonset
Commodity Storage Shed, Farm
Commodity Storage, Farm Utility
Commodity Storage, Flathouse
Commons (College)
Commons (Elementary and Secondary School)
Community Center
Community Service Building, Government
Community Shopping Center
Community Shopping Center, Interior Space
Community Shopping Center, Shell
Computer Center
Convalescent Hospital
Convenience Market
Convenience Store, Mini-Mart
Convention Center
Corn Crib Building
Cottage, Guest
Cotton Gin
Country Club
Creamery
Dairy
Dairy Sales Building
Day Care Center
Dehydrator Building
Dental Office/Clinic
Department Store
Department Store (Mall Anchor)
Dining Atrium
Discount Shopping Center, Regional
Discount Store
Discount Store, Warehouse
Dispensary
September 2002
4-3
Occupancy Reference
407
321
393
435
511
499
173
365
480
470
472
588
448
562
558
476
478
566
557
477
565
479
349
561
516
563
420
486
355
322
427
483
493
532
465
533
323
324
469
398
594
423
527
528
526
326
523
491
327
493
421
518
Distribution Warehouse
Dormitory
Dormitory, Labor
Drive-Thru Car Wash
Drugstore
Dry Cleaners/Laundry
Educational Wing, Church
Elementary School (Entire)
Environmental Vegetable Building
Equipment (Shop) Building
Equipment Shed
Extended Stay Motel
Farm Cold Storage
Farm Commodity Storage Shed
Farm Implement Arch-Rib, Quonset
Farm Implement Building
Farm Implement Shed
Farm Sun Shade Shelter
Farm Utility Arch-Rib, Quonset
Farm Utility Building
Farm Utility Shelter
Farm Utility Storage Shed
Fast Food Restaurant
Feeder Barn
Fellowship Hall
Fertilizer Storage, Bag
Fertilizer Storage, Bulk
Field House
Fine Arts and Crafts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Fire Station (Staffed)
Fire Station (Volunteer)
Fitness Center
Flathouse
Florist Shop
Food Booth, Prefabricated
Food Store, Warehouse
Fraternal Building
Fraternity House
Freestall Barn
Fruit Packing Barn
Full Service Hotel
Garage, Mini-Lube
Garage, Municipal Service
Garage, Service Repair
Garage, Service Shed
Garage, Storage
Golf Cart Storage Building
Government Community Service Building
Governmental Building
Grain Storage, Flathouse
Grain Storage, Utility
Greenhouse Lath Shade House
4-4
September 2002
519 Greenhouse Shade Shelter
138 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
141 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
135 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
172 Greenhouse, Institutional, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
171 Greenhouse, Institutional, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
170 Greenhouse, Institutional, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
137 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
140 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
` Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
139 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
142 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
136 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
424 Group Care Home
538 Guest Cottage
370 Gymnasium (College)
358 Gymnasium (Elementary and Secondary School)
417 Handball-Racquetball Club
329 Hangar, Maintenance and Office
328 Hangar, Storage
409 Hangar, T
418 Health Club
525 High Rise Mini Warehouse
484 High School (Entire)
396 Hog Barn
430 Hog Shed
429 Hog Shed, Modified
330 Home For The Elderly
138 Hoop Greenhouse, Arch-Rib, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
141 Hoop Greenhouse, Arch-Rib, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
135 Hoop Greenhouse, Arch-Rib, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
137 Hoop Greenhouse, Modified, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
140 Hoop Greenhouse, Modified, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
134 Hoop Greenhouse, Modified, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
428 Horse Arena
331 Hospital
313 Hospital, Convalescent
381 Hospital, Veterinary
594 Hotel, Full Service
595 Hotel, Limited Service
416 Indoor Tennis Club
994 Industrial Building, Interior Space
454 Industrial Building, Shell
392 Industrial Engineering Building
453 Industrial Flex Building
495 Industrial Heavy Manufacturing
494 Industrial Light Manufacturing
539 Inn, Bed and Breakfast
172 Institutional Greenhouse, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
171 Institutional Greenhouse, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
170 Institutional Greenhouse, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
989 Interior Space, Apartment (High Rise)
September 2002
4-5
Occupancy Reference
991
994
987
990
993
992
335
489
366
490
393
496
518
336
499
560
359
371
372
337
360
555
471
537
338
390
339
984
583
581
157
700
361
340
419
533
586
446
473
391
468
585
341
584
440
578
386
525
423
531
597
459
Interior Space, Community Shopping Center
Interior Space, Industrial Building
Interior Space, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
Interior Space, Neighborhood Shopping Center
Interior Space, Office Building
Interior Space, Regional Shopping Center
Jail, Correctional Facility
Jail, Police Station
Junior High School (Entire)
Kennel
Labor Dormitory
Laboratory
Lath Shade House (Greenhouse)
Laundromat
Laundry/Dry Cleaners
Lean-To, Equestrian
Lecture Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
Lecture Hall (College)
Library, College
Library, Public
Library, Secondary Schools, Media Center
Light Commercial Arch-Rib, Quonset
Light Commercial Utility Building
Lodge
Loft
Lumber Storage Building, Vertical
Lumber Storage Shed, Horizontal
Luxury Apartment (High Rise)
Mail Processing Facility
Main Post Office
Maintenance Storage Building
Mall Anchor Department Store
Manual Arts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Market
Market, Convenience
Market, Food Warehouse
Market, Roadside
Market, Super
Material Shelter
Material Storage Building
Material Storage Shed
Mechanical Penthouse
Medical Office
Mega Warehouse
Milkhouse
Mini Bank
Mini Warehouse
Mini Warehouse, High Rise
Mini-Lube Garage
Mini-Mart Convenience Store
Mixed Retail with Office Units
Mixed Retail with Residential Units
4-6
September 2002
429
137
140
134
342
343
542
543
540
541
588
544
352
987
587
589
710
451
459
374
362
527
481
517
485
412
990
460
344
993
492
554
597
444
341
599
544
556
431
577
345
388
571
174
585
375
363
582
581
395
474
570
Modified Hog Shed
Modified Hoop Greenhouse, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
Modified Hoop Greenhouse, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Modified Hoop Greenhouse, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Mortuary
Motel
Motel Room, 1 Story, Double Row
Motel Room, 1 Story, Single Row
Motel, Extended Stay
Motel, Office-Apartment
Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
Multiple Residence (Low Rise), Interior Space
Multiple Residence (Low Rise), Shell
Multiple Residence, Assisted Living (Low Rise)
Multiple Residence, Retirement Community Complex
Multiple Residence, Senior Citizen (Low Rise)
Multiple Residential Units Mixed with Retail
Multipurpose Building (College)
Multipurpose Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Municipal Service Garage
Museum
Narthex/Foyer
Natatorium
Neighborhood Shopping Center
Neighborhood Shopping Center, Interior Space
Neighborhood Shopping Center, Shell
Office Building
Office Building, Interior Space
Office Building, Shell
Office Shed
Office Units Mixed with Retail
Office, Dental
Office, Medical
Office, Relocatable
Office-Apartment (Motel)
Oil Storage, Bulk
Outpatient (Surgical) Center
Parking Levels
Parking Structure
Parking Structure, Underground
Passenger Terminal
Pavilon
Penthouse, Mechanical
Physical Education Building (College)
Physical Education Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Post Office, Branch
Post Office, Main
Potato Storage
Poultry House, Cage Operation, 1 Story
Poultry House, Cage Operation, 1 Story Elevated
September 2002
4-7
Occupancy Reference
567
568
569
465
583
558
557
555
417
552
348
513
414
992
462
598
599
530
349
529
350
432
597
353
710
586
551
376
364
434
985
526
528
408
519
554
466
472
562
478
479
561
430
339
468
429
526
397
596
461
454
587
Poultry House, Cage Operation, 2 Story Elevated
Prefabricated Food Booth
Processing Facility, Mail
Quonset, Farm Implement Arch-Rib
Quonset, Farm Utility Arch-Rib
Quonset, Light Commercial Arch-Rib
Racquetball-Handball Club
Recreational Enclosure
Rectory
Regional Discount Shopping Center
Regional Shopping Center
Regional Shopping Center, Interior Space
Regional Shopping Center, Shell
Relocatable Classroom
Relocatable Office
Restaurant, Cafeteria
Restaurant, Fast Food
Restaurant, Snack Bar
Restaurant, Table Service
Restroom Building
Retail Mixed with Office Units
Retail Store
Retirement Community Complex (Multiple Residence)
Roadside Market
Rooming House
Science Building (College)
Science Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
Self-Serve Car Wash
Senior Clubhouse Center
Service Garage Shed
Service Repair Garage
Service Station
Shade Shelter (Greenhouse)
Shed Office Structure
Shed, Boat Storage
Shed, Equipment
Shed, Farm Commodity Storage
Shed, Farm Implement
Shed, Farm Utility Storage
Shed, Feeder Barn
Shed, Hog
Shed, Lumber Storage, Horizontal
Shed, Material Storage
Shed, Modified Hog
Shed, Service Garage
Sheep Barn
Shell, Apartment (High Rise)
Shell, Community Shopping Center
Shell, Industrial Building
Shell, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
4-8
September 2002
460
492
462
566
565
473
413
991
461
459
412
990
460
414
513
992
462
403
534
303
405
529
158
378
559
447
326
328
406
563
420
556
470
476
477
493
523
421
390
339
157
391
395
318
700
319
458
511
533
353
534
139
Shell, Neighborhood Shopping Center
Shell, Office Building
Shell, Regional Shopping Center
Shelter, Farm Sun Shade
Shelter, Farm Utility
Shelter, Material
Shopping Center, Community
Shopping Center, Community, Interior Space
Shopping Center, Community, Shell
Shopping Center, Mixed with Residential Units
Shopping Center, Neighborhood
Shopping Center, Neighborhood, Interior Space
Shopping Center, Neighborhood, Shell
Shopping Center, Regional
Shopping Center, Regional Discount
Shopping Center, Regional, Interior Space
Shopping Center, Regional, Shell
Shower Building
Showroom Store, Warehouse
Showroom, Automobile
Skating Rink
Snack Bar
Special Education Classrooms
Stable
Stable, High-Value
Storage Facility, Cold
Storage Garage
Storage Hangar
Storage Warehouse
Storage, Bag Fertilizer
Storage, Bulk Fertilizer
Storage, Bulk Oil
Storage, Equipment Shop
Storage, Farm Implement
Storage, Farm Utility
Storage, Flathouse
Storage, Golf Cart Building
Storage, Grain
Storage, Lumber Building, Vertical
Storage, Lumber Shed, Horizontal
Storage, Maintenance Building
Storage, Material Building
Storage, Potato
Store, Department
Store, Department, Mall Anchor
Store, Discount
Store, Discount Warehouse
Store, Drug
Store, Food Warehouse
Store, Retail
Store, Warehouse Showroom
Straight Wall Greenhouse, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
September 2002
4-9
Occupancy Reference
142
136
446
442
373
416
409
380
379
383
456
394
387
580
388
477
471
480
381
574
487
458
533
534
407
525
584
386
406
387
Straight Wall Greenhouse, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Straight Wall Greenhouse, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Supermarket
Tavern/Bar
Technical Trades Building (College)
Tennis Club, Indoor
T-Hangar
Theater, Cinema
Theater, Live Stage
Tobacco Barn
Tool Shed
Transient Labor Cabin
Transit Warehouse
Truck Stop
Underground Parking Structure
Utility Building, Farm
Utility Building, Light Commercial
Vegetable Building, Environmental
Veterinary Hospital
Visitor Center
Vocational School
Warehouse Discount Store
Warehouse Food Store
Warehouse Showroom Store
Warehouse, Distribution
Warehouse, High Rise Mini
Warehouse, Mega
Warehouse, Mini
Warehouse, Storage
Warehouse, Transit
4 - 10
September 2002
Numerical Occupancy List
The following list contains the occupancies available in Commercial Estimator in numerical order by
occupancy number. .
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
156
157
158
170
171
172
173
174
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
308
309
310
311
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
326
327
328
329
330
331
Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Alternative School
Maintenance Storage Building
Special Education Classrooms
Institutional Greenhouse, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
Institutional Greenhouse, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
Institutional Greenhouse, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
Church Educational Wing
Pavilon
Apartment (High Rise)
Armory
Auditorium
Automobile Showroom
Bank
Barn
Bowling Alley
Church with Sunday School
Church
City Club
Clubhouse
Convalescent Hospital
Country Club
Creamery
Dairy
Dairy Sales Building
Department Store
Discount Store
Dispensary
Dormitory
Fire Station, Staffed
Fraternal Building
Fraternity House
Storage Garage
Governmental Building
Storage Hangar
Hangar, Maintenance and Office
Home for the Elderly
Hospital
September 2002
4 - 11
Occupancy Reference
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
348
349
350
352
353
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
383
384
386
387
388
390
391
392
393
Jail, Correctional Facility
Laundromat
Library, Public
Loft
Lumber Storage Shed, Horizontal
Market
Medical Office
Mortuary
Motel
Office Building
Parking Structure
Rectory
Fast Food Restaurant
Restaurant
Multiple Residence, Low Rise
Retail Store
Fine Arts and Crafts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
Commons (Elementary and Secondary School)
Gymnasium (Elementary and Secondary School)
Lecture Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
Library, Media Center (Elementary and Secondary School)
Manual Arts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Multipurpose Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Physical Education Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
Science Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
Arts and Crafts Building (College)
Classrooms (College)
Commons (College)
Gymnasium (College)
Lecture Hall (College)
Library (College)
Technical Trades Building (College)
Multipurpose Building (College)
Physical Education Building (College)
Science Building (College)
College (Entire)
Stable
Theater, Live Stage
Theater, Cinema
Veterinary Hospital
Tobacco Barn
Barber Shop
Mini Warehouse
Transit Warehouse
Underground Parking Structure
Lumber Storage Building, Vertical
Material Storage Building
Industrial Engineering Building
Labor Dormitory
4 - 12
September 2002
394
395
396
397
398
403
405
406
407
408
409
410
412
413
414
416
417
418
419
420
421
423
424
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
434
435
436
440
441
442
443
444
446
447
448
450
451
453
454
455
456
458
459
460
461
462
Transient Labor Cabin
Potato Storage
Hog Barn
Sheep Barn
Fruit Packing Barn
Shower Building
Skating Rink
Storage Warehouse
Distribution Warehouse
Service Station
T-Hangar
Automotive Center
Neighborhood Shopping Center
Community Shopping Center
Regional Shopping Center
Indoor Tennis Club
Racquetball-Handball Club
Health Club
Convenience Market
Bulk Fertilizer Storage
Grain Storage, Utility
Mini-Lube Garage
Group Care Home
Day Care Center
Fire Station (Volunteer)
Horse Arena
Modified Hog Shed
Hog Shed
Outpatient (Surgical) Center
Restroom Building
Car Wash, Self-Serve
Car Wash, Drive-Thru
Car Wash, Automatic
Milkhouse
Cocktail Lounge
Bar/Tavern
Central Bank
Dental Office/Clinic
Supermarket
Cold Storage Facility
Cold Storage, Farm
Cotton Gin
Multiple Residence, Senior Citizen (Low Rise)
Industrial Flex Building
Shell, Industrial Building
Auto Dealership, Complete
Tool Shed
Warehouse Discount Store
Mixed Retail with Residential Units
Shell, Neighborhood Shopping Center
Shell, Community Shopping Center
Shell, Regional Shopping Center
September 2002
4 - 13
Occupancy Reference
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
508
511
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
Food Booth, Prefabricated
Boat Storage Shed
Boat Storage Building
Freestall Barn
Light Commercial Utility Building
Equipment Shed
Material Shelter
Poultry House, Enclosed Cage Operation, One Story
Farm Utility Building
Farm Implement Shed
Vegetable Building, Environmental
Museum
Convention Center
Fitness Center
High School (Entire)
Natatorium
Field House
Vocational School
Bookstore (School)
Jail, Police Station
Kennel
Government Community Service Building
Shell, Office Building
Flathouse
Industrial Light Manufacturing
Industrial Heavy Manufacturing
Laboratory
Computer Center
Broadcast Facility
Dry Cleaners/Laundry
Car Wash Canopy
Drugstore
Regional Discount Shopping Center
Community Center
Casino
Fellowship Hall
Narthex/Foyer
Greenhouse Lath Shade House
Greenhouse Shade Shelter
Golf Cart Storage Building
Corn Crib Building
Mini Warehouse, High Rise
Service Garage Shed
Snack Bar
Cafeteria
Mini-Mart Convenience Store
4 - 14
September 2002
532
533
534
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
551
552
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
573
574
575
576
577
578
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
594
595
596
597
598
Florist Shop
Warehouse Food Store
Warehouse Showroom Store
Lodge
Guest Cottage
Bed and Breakfast Inn
Office-Apartment (Motel)
Rooming House
Recreational Enclosure
Shed Office Structure
Light Commercial Arch-Rib, Quonset
Bulk Oil Storage
Farm Utility Arch-Rib, Quonset
Farm Implement Arch-Rib, Quonset
Stables, High-Value
Equestrian Lean-To
Feeder Barn
Commodity Storage Shed, Farm
Bag Fertilizer Storage
Dehydrator Building
Farm Utility Shelter
Farm Sun Shade Shelter
Poultry House, Cage, Two Story
Poultry House, Cage, Elevated Two Story
Poultry House, Cage, Three Story
Poultry House, Cage, Elevated One Story
Passenger Terminal
Arcade
Visitor Center
Dining Atrium
Atrium
Parking Levels
Mini Bank
Truck Stop
Post Office, Main
Post Office, Branch
Mail Processing Facility
Mega Warehouse
Mechanical Penthouse
Roadside Market
Shell, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
Motel, Extended Stay
Multiple Residence, Assisted Living (Low Rise)
Hotel, Full Service
Hotel, Limited Service
Shell, Apartment (High Rise)
Mixed Retail with Office Units
Relocatable Classroom
September 2002
4 - 15
Occupancy Reference
599
600
700
710
984
985
987
989
990
991
992
993
994
Relocatable Office
Administration Building
Mall Anchor Department Store
Luxury Apartment (High Rise)
Senior Clubhouse Center
Interior Space, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
Interior Space, Apartment (High Rise)
Interior Space, Neighborhood Shopping Center
Interior Space, Community Shopping Center
Interior Space, Regional Shopping Center
Interior Space, Office Building
Interior Space, Industrial Building
4 - 16
September 2002
College Occupancies
School Occupancies
The following pages contain list of the occupancies for Elementary and Secondary Schools and for Colleges.
Elementary and Secondary School Occupancies
The available elementary and secondary school occupancies are:
302
Auditorium
488
Bookstore (School)
356
Classroom
598
Classroom, Relocatable
357
Commons
426
Day Care Center
365
355
Fine Arts and Crafts Building
358
Gymnasium
484
High School (Entire)
360
Media Center Library
359
Lecture Classrooms
361
Manual Arts Building
362
Multipurpose Building
363
Physical Education Building
432
Restroom Building
364
Science Classrooms
366
403
Shower Building
487
Vocational School (Entire)
September 2002
4 - 17
Occupancy Reference
College Occupancies
The available college occupancies are:
367
Arts and Crafts Building
302
Auditorium
488
Bookstore (School)
530
Cafeteria
368
Classroom
377
College (Entire)
369
Commons
320
Dispensary
321
Dormitory
486
Field Houses
324
Fraternity House
370
Gymnasium
371
Lecture Hall
372
Library
374
Multipurpose Building
481
Museum
485
Natatorium
345
Parking Structure
375
Physical Education Building
432
Restroom Building
376
Science Building
403
Shower Building
373
Technical Trades Building
4 - 18
September 2002
Occupancy Descriptions
The following pages contain descriptions of each occupancy available in Commercial Estimator, in order
numerically by occupancy number.
The descriptions include a table of Typical Lives for the occupancy. This table indicates the recommended life
expectancies, in years, for each class available for the occupancy. You can use these life expectancies when
determining the effective age of a building. See the discussion of effective age in the Worksheet Reference
section for further details.
The Typical Lives are based on appraisers' opinions and studies of actual mortality. They do not include cases
of mortality from economic obsolescence or poor business management. Some occupancies, such as hotels and
fast food restaurants, are completely remodeled or rebuilt long before the end of their useful lives. In these
cases, you must carefully consider the purpose of the value sought before establishing effective age.
The descriptions include some occupancies that are obsolete. These occupancies have been replaced by two or
more new occupancies. For example, occupancy 334 (Industrial Manufacturing) has been replaced by the
occupancies 494 (Industrial Light Manufacturing) and 495 (Industrial Heavy Manufacturing). The
descriptions for the obsolete occupancies include the names and occupancy numbers of the new occupancies
that replaced them. The obsolete occupancies are included here for reference use with previously saved
estimates. You should always use these new occupancies, and should convert saved estimates that use them to
the appropriate new occupancies.
134 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Small
140 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Medium
137 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Large
These greenhouse buildings have modified semicircular (hoop) shape roofs with straight knee wall sides, with
the following sizes:
134 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
These buildings are used to regulate the climate conditions for germination and growing various plants and
vegetables. Frames are light arch-rib wood (Class D) or steel pipe or tube hoops (Class S) with various
translucent covers. The lowest qualities have only polyethylene cover, with fiberglass coverings at average
quality. The better quality structures have good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good quality vents.
The floors are light concrete, gravel or dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical and water
service commensurate with the quality.
The following are not included in the costs: Heating, automated watering systems, shade curtains or planting
benches.
The following are related occupancies:
135 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
141 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
138 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
518 Greenhouse, Lath Shade House
519 Greenhouse, Shade Shelter
September 2002
4 - 19
Occupancy Reference
Note: Exterior wall choices are not available for this occupancy.
Availability of Elevators by Area for this occupancy: No
Marshall Valuation Service sections: 17 and 47.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
20
30
35
W
-----
Quality Selection Guide:
Class D (Wood or Steel Framed Exterior Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light built-up wood arch,
fiberglass ends, double
polyethylene cover
Dirt floor
Minimum equipment
outlet and hose bibs
None
Class S (Metal Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light pipe arch, wide
spacing, polyethylene
cover
Dirt floor
No electrical, hose bib
only
None
Low
Trussed pipe arch, double
polyethylene cover,
fiberglass end walls
Dirt floor
Minimum equipment
None
Fair
Pipe or light tubular arch,
double poly., fiberglass
ends & knee walls
Gravel floor
Minimum electrical,
lighting and water
None
Average
Fiberglass panels on light
arch frame, some vents
Gravel, some concrete
Adequate electrical and
hose bibs
None
Good
Good polycarbonate or
acrylic cover, roof and
wall vents
Concrete walks
water service
None
Very
Good
Good translucent
Good concrete walks
sandwich panels, heavy
frame, pitched peak, vents
Adequate electrical, good
fixtures and water service
None
4 - 20
September 2002
135 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib, Small
141 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Medium
138 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-rib, Large
These greenhouse buildings have semicircular (hoop) shape roofs that curve to the ground to form the sides,
with the following sizes:
vegetables. Frames are light arch-rib wood (Class D) or steel pipe or tube hoops (Class S) with various
translucent covers. The lowest qualities have only polyethylene cover, with fiberglass coverings at average
quality. The better quality structures have good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good quality vents.
The floors are light concrete, gravel or dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical and water
service commensurate with the quality.
benches.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
20
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light built-up wood arch,
fiberglass ends, double
polyethylene cover
Dirt floor
Minimum equipment
None
September 2002
4 - 21
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light pipe arch, wide
cover
Dirt floor
only
None
Low
Trussed pipe arch, double
polyethylene cover,
fiberglass end walls
Dirt floor
Minimum equipment
None
Fair
Pipe or light tubular arch,
double poly., fiberglass
ends & knee walls
Gravel floor
Minimum electrical,
lighting and water
None
Average
Fiberglass panels on light
arch frame, some vents
hose bibs
None
Good
Good polycarbonate or
acrylic cover, roof and
wall vents
Concrete walks
water service
None
Very
Good
Good translucent
Good concrete walks
sandwich panels, heavy
frame, pitched peak, vents
None
136 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Small
142 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Medium
139 Greenhouse, Straight Wall, Large
These greenhouse buildings have straight walls with gable roofs, with the following sizes:
vegetables. Frames are light wood posts (Class D) or steel pipe or tube assemblies (Class S) with various
translucent covers. The lowest qualities have only polyethylene cover, with glass or fiberglass coverings at
average quality. The better quality structures have good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good
quality vents. The floors are light concrete, gravel or dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical
and water service commensurate with the quality.
benches.
4 - 22
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
25
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light post frame, wide
cover
Dirt floor
only
None
Low
Post frame, fiberglass end Dirt floor
walls, double polyethylene
cover
Minimum equipment
None
Fair
Wood frame, fiberglass
Gravel floor
walls, double polyethylene
roof cover
Minimum electrical,
lighting and water
None
Average
Wood frame, glass or
fiberglass covering, some
vents
hose bibs
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Light tubular frame, gable Dirt floor
or arch roof, polyethylene
cover
only
None
Low
Metal frame, fiberglass
end walls, double
polyethylene cover
Dirt floor
Minimum equipment
outlet and hose bib
None
Fair
Metal frame, double
polyethylene arch roof,
fiberglass walls
Gravel floor
Minimum electrical,
lighting and water
None
Average
Metal frame, glass or
vents
hose bibs
None
September 2002
4 - 23
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Good metal frame,
tempered glass,
polycarbonate/acrylic,
good vents
Concrete walks
water service
None
Very
Good
Heavy frame, good
sandwich panels, good
wall and roof vents
Good concrete walks
None
Excellent
Best frame, translucent
sandwich panels and
venting
Concrete floor, drains
Good lighting and
plumbing
None
156 Alternative School
This occupancy includes the entire continuation school facility, which includes a mixture of classrooms,
multipurpose space, administrative offices, etc. The schools plant may consist of one building or several
separate buildings, and encompasses grades nine or ten through twelfth and are generally much smaller in
scope than the normal high school with limited support, assembly or athletic facilities.
The following are not included in the costs: Swimming pools, movable furnishing or equipment, exterior
ground improvements (i.e., athletic fields), open shelters and site work.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
Class A (Fireproof Structural Steel Frame) and Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, concrete or metal
panels, formed concrete
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, carpet,
hardwood or vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Class C (Masonry Bearing Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up
panels, bearing walls,
wood joists, little trim
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate school lighting
or drywall ceilings, carpet, and plumbing
VCT
4 - 24
Package A.C.
September 2002
Good
Steel frame or bearing
walls, brick, block, or
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
High-level lighting, audio- Heat pump
acoustic tile, vinyl
visual wiring, good
system
composition, hardwood or plumbing
tile
Excellent
Steel columns, web or bar Plaster or drywall,
Best classroom lighting
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl, and cabling systems, best
face brick
ceramic tile, wood
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame, stucco or
siding, little
ornamentation
Drywall, acoustic tile,
vinyl compositon, carpet
Adequate school lighting
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Wood frame or pipe
columns, good stucco,
EIFS or siding with trim
Plaster or drywall,
Good fluorescent fixtures,
good plumbing, extra
composition, hardwood or features
tile
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Steel or Glulam frame and Plaster or drywall,
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl, and cabling systems, best
best EIFS
ceramic tile, wood
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Class P (Pole Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pole frame, insulated
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition, carpet
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered, finished
interior, insulation, little
trim
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Pre-engineered, sandwich
panels, some
ornamentation
carpet, vinyl composition, good plumbing, extra
hardwood or tile
features
Heat pump
system
157 Maintenance Storage Building
This weatherproof storage structure is designed for closed storage and light maintenance of miscellaneous
school ground equipment. The masonry buildings have brick or block with heavy roof framing and windows
at the better qualities. The frame structures are constructed with either wood or steel framed walls. The
exterior covers are typically stucco, wood siding or metal siding. Floors at the lower qualities may be
unfinished while the better qualities have sealed floors and walls with some finished shop area and cabinets.
September 2002
4 - 25
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Concrete block,
composition shingles,
barred windows
Unfinished, concrete or
asphalt floor
outlets
None
Good
Decorative concrete block, Sealed walls, concrete
Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
brick, wood rafters,
floor, some shop area and water service
overhead doors
cabinets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open wood frame,
exposed siding, barred
windows
Some wainscot, concrete
or asphalt floor
outlets
None
Good
Heavy wood frame, siding Wainscot, concrete floor,
or stucco, overhead doors some shop area and
cabinets
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered pole
frame, metal siding,
barred windows
or asphalt floor
outlets
None
Good
Good pole frame, colored
siding, overhead doors
Wainscot, concrete floor,
some shop area and
cabinets
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered frame,
metal siding, barred
windows
or asphalt floor
outlets
None
Good
Good frame, colored
Wainscot, concrete floor,
some shop area and
cabinets
water service
4 - 26
September 2002
158 Special Education Classrooms
These buildings are subdivided into teaching units and designed primarily for academic work for students with
special needs including the exceptional child as well as the physically challenged child. Typically, the better
qualities include more windows, and better interior and exterior refinements.
Floor finishes vary between carpet, hardwood and resilient floor coverings. Higher cost classrooms have
carpet or hardwood. Acoustical tile ceiling finishes are found throughout all of the quality ranges. Lighting is
commonly fluorescent fixtures.
The costs include built-in bookshelves, cabinets, blackboards and plumbing associated with special needs, but
do not include movable equipment and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, hardwood or
carpet, good built-ins
plumbing, some extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, stone, concrete Plaster or drywall,
or metal panels, solar
acoustic tile, carpet and
glass
vinyl, best cabinets
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
walls, brick, block or
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing
composition or hardwood,
some extras
Good
Steel columns, web or bar Plaster/drywall, acoustic
joists, ornamental block or tile, vinyl comp./carpet,
face brick
good cabinets, storage
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel frame, face brick,
metal panels, tile
and cabling systems, best
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Plaster, glazed finishes,
enamel, carpet & vinyl,
best cabinets, closets
Package A.C.
4 - 27
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame or pipe
columns, good stucco,
EIFS or siding with trim
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing
some extras
Good
Steel or Glulam frame and Plaster/drywall, acoustic
joists, brick veneer, glass, tile, vinyl comp./carpet,
best EIFS
Good fluorescent fixtures
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, enamel, vinyl
or stone veneer, metal and finishes, carpet and vinyl,
glass
best cabinets, closets
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition, some
extras
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Pole frame, good insulated Drywall, acoustic tile,
panels, some brick or
carpet, vinyl composition, and plumbing, extra
stone trim
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, some trim
extras
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Pre-engineered, good
sandwich panels, some
brick or stone trim
carpet, vinyl composition, and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
170 Institutional Greenhouse, Small
171 Institutional Greenhouse, Medium
172 Institutional Greenhouse, Large
These commercial or institutional greenhouse buildings have straight walls with gable or shed roofs, and the
following sizes:
170 Institutional Greenhouse, Small (under 4,500 square feet)
171 Institutional Greenhouse, Medium (4,500 - 9,000 square feet)
172 Institutional Greenhouse, Large (over 9,000 square feet)
They are used to regulate the climate conditions for study and display of germination and growing of various
plants and vegetables, and include both educational and commercial sales structures. Frames are light wood
posts (Class D) or steel pipe or tube assemblies (Class S) with various translucent covers. The lowest qualities
have only glass or fiberglass coverings. The better conservatory structures have good structural mullions and
architectural embellishments, and may have some masonry knee wall. The floors are light concrete, gravel or
4 - 28
September 2002
dirt at the lower qualities, which can be either the typical school growing or sales nursery house. The better
horticultural or research structures will have glazed partitions and sealed concrete floors. Costs include some
electrical and water service commensurate with the quality.
benches.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
25
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood frame, glass or
vents
Dirt floor, some gravel or
concrete walks, typical
school-nursery house
Minimum equipment
outlets and hose bibs
None
Fair
Best redwood or laminated Concrete floor, good
frame, glass or sandwich working classroom house
panels
or nursery sales
Adequate electrical,
None
lighting, water and drains
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal frame, glass or
vents
Dirt floor, some gravel or
concrete walks, typical
school-nursery house
Minimum equipment
outlets and hose bibs
None
Fair
Good metal frame, glass
or translucent sandwich
Concrete floor, good
working classroom house
None
September 2002
4 - 29
Occupancy Reference
panels
or nursery sales
lighting, water and drains
Average
Tubular or structural
Concrete floor, good
frame, good glazing, some secondary or small college water service, drains
knee wall
horticulture house
None
Good
Shed or gable, good glass
and masonry knee wall
None
Good concrete floor, good Good lighting and water,
university science
good drains
greenhouse
Sealed concrete, research
Very Good Best aluminum frame,
gutters, metal sandwich or modules, glazed corridors
masonry knee wall
Excellent
Structural mullions,
architectural
embellishments, very
ornate
Good lighting and
plumbing
None
Concrete, pavers, some
Best lighting, electrical
partitions and extras, good and plumbing
conservatory
None
173 Church Educational Wing
These buildings are subdivided into instructional/meeting-room facilities found in a religious complex. The
lower qualities include less interior and exterior refinements than is found in occupancy 356 (Classroom).
Complete religious or private schools should be priced using the various school occupancies. Price a complete
church facility using occupancy 308 (Church with Sunday School).
The associated occupancies for a complete complex are:
309 (Church)
516 (Fellowship Hall)
517 (Narthex/Foyer)
The costs include built-in bookshelves, cabinets and blackboards but do not include movable equipment and
furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
60
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Class A (Fireproof Structural Steel Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, precast concrete,
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Adequate classroom
4 - 30
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
September 2002
Good
block, very plain
tile, hardwood or vinyl
composition
lighting and plumbing,
few extras, rehearsal rm.
Plaster or drywall,
carpet
Good lighting and
features, library room
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
block, very plain
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Adequate classroom
Package A.C.
composition
few extras, rehearsal room
Good
Plaster or drywall,
carpet
Good lighting and
features, library room
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap block, tilt-up, light
roof
Low-cost finishes, no
partitions, asphalt tile
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Average
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate meeting room
or drywall ceilings,
lighting and plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Good
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition or hardwood
Adequate classroom
rehearsal room
Package A.C.
Excellent
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, hardwood or
face brick
carpet
features, library
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Average
siding, little
ornamentation
asphalt tile, linoleum or
wood floors
Adequate meeting room
Forced air
Good
Wood frame or pipe
columns, good stucco or
siding with some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate classroom
rehearsal room
Package A.C.
Excellent
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, hardwood or
best stucco
carpet
and plumbing, extra
features, library
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 31
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal siding
partitions, acoustic tile,
asphalt tile
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Average
Pole frame, good metal
panels, finished inside,
little trim
asphalt tile
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light steel frame, siding
asphalt tile
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Average
interior, insulation
asphalt tile
Forced air
Good
panels, some trim
vinyl composition
Package A.C.
Adequate classroom
rehearsal room
174 Pavilion
These structures include the low-quality open park/picnic shelter structure to the high-cost bandstand pavilion.
The average to good facilities are averages of gazebos, bandstands and walled pavilions.
The following are not included in the costs: Picnic units, benches or audio-visual equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellen
t
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
40
50
D
25
30
35
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
35
45
S
25
30
35
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Open air, no walls,
masonry supports,
Unfinished, concrete slab, None
minimum park picnic
4 - 32
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
September 2002
composition shingle cover shelter
Low
Open, no walls, block
columns, some trim, wd.
trusses, architectural
shing.
Unfinished, concrete slab, Minimum lighting
good park shelter
Fair
Open, face block, brick
columns, timber roof
framing, trellis, tile
Unfinished, concrete slab, Minimum electrical or
None
exposed roof deck, best
water service, service wall
picnic shelter
Average
Enclosed, concrete block,
little trim, composition
shingle cover
Unfinished, concrete slab, Adequate electrical and
walled park pavilion
lighting
None
Good
Enclosed, arched
openings, brick or block,
good trim, heavy shingles
Raised slab on fill, good
balustrades, good
bandstand
outlets and lighting
None
Raised slab, decorative
balustrading, ornate
bandstand pavilion
Good electrical and
lighting
None
Very Good Brick or face block, stone
trim, concrete or clay tile
cover
Excellent
Face brick, cast stone,
ornate trim and railings,
slate, copper cover
None
Raised colored slab,
Good electrical,
None
pavers, plank ceiling, best ornamental lighting, some
bandstand
extras
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Open air, no walls, wood Unfinished, concrete slab, None
posts, composition, roll or prefabricated picnic
shingle cover
shelter
None
Low
Open, no walls, wood
columns, some trim,
composition shingles
good shelter, minimum
gazebo
None
Fair
Open timber framing,
trellis, heavy shingle or
tile cover
None
exposed roof deck, best
water service, service wall
picnic shelter, plain
gazebo
Average
Enclosed, siding or stucco, Unfinished, slab or light
some trim
plank, walled pavilion,
lighting
average bandstand, gazebo
None
Good
Enclosed, arched
openings, best sidings,
trim, trellis, heavy
shingles
Very Good Masonry veneer, custom
woods, trim, concrete or
clay tile cover
Excellent
Face brick veneer, cast
stone trim, heavy trusses,
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Raised wood deck on
piers, good balustrades,
good bandstand
outlets and lighting
None
Raised deck or slab,
decorative balustrading,
ornate bandstand
Good electrical and
lighting
None
Raised colored slab,
Good electrical,
None
pavers, plank ceiling, best ornamental lighting, some
4 - 33
Occupancy Reference
slate, copper cover
bandstand
extras
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
HVAC
Lowest
Open air, no walls, light
metal cover on pole frame prefabricated picnic
shelter
None
Low
Open, no walls, pole
frame, metal cover, some
trim
None
Fair
Open, pole frame, wide
None
span, formed metal cover, brick ribbons, best picnic water service, service wall
good trim
shelter
good picnic shelter
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Open air, no walls, light
steel, colored panels or
heavy canvas
prefabricated picnic
shelter
None
Low
Open, no walls, steel
frame, metal cover, some
trim
good picnic shelter
None
Fair
Open, wide span truss,
formed metal cover, good
trim
None
brick ribbons, best picnic water service, service wall
shelter
Average
Enclosed, steel frame,
metal siding, masonry
trim
Unfinished, concrete slab, Adequate electrical and
walled park pavilion
lighting
None
High-rise apartments are structures with three or more stories of multiple dwelling units. The structures are
built of all construction classes. Each dwelling unit consists of its own separate living area and kitchen
facility. Normally, structures over three stories have elevators, but this depends on the height of the building
and the need for transportation to the upper levels. These structures have a lobby area, interior hall access to
dwelling units and some type of stairway for fire exit. Although apartments built as condominiums sometimes
are required by building and zoning codes to have certain items not required for rental units, basically,
"condominium" is a type of ownership and not a type of construction and the apartment costs are valid.
The following are not included in the costs: Appliances, fireplaces, canopies, balconies, swimming pools, yard
improvements and any developers' or soft costs related to a type of ownership such as condominium.
This occupancy includes both shell and tenant improvement costs. To price each separately (using two
separate occupancies in two separate sections), use the following occupancies:
596 Shell, Apartment (High Rise)
4 - 34
September 2002
984
352
459
451
589
330
710
Apartment, Luxury (High Rise)
Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
Multiple Residential Units Mixed with Retail
Multiple Residence, Senior Citizen (Low Rise), for independent living
Multiple Residence, Assisted Living (Low Rise), for assisted living
Home for the Elderly, for high-rise assisted living
Availability of Elevators by Area for this occupancy: Yes
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
50
50
55
55
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Very plain, brick or block, Drywall, sprayed or
or low-cost concrete
painted ceilings, very
panels
plain, asphalt tile
Minimum uniform code,
one bath per unit
Hot water
Average
Little trim, brick, block,
metal or concrete and
glass
Drywall or plaster,
average carpet and vinyl
composition floors
Few electric fixtures,
average plumbing, one
bath per unit
Heat pump
system
Good
Face brick, limestone,
glass panels
Good interior detail,
Many good fixtures, TV
carpet, or hardwood, sheet jacks, good baths and
vinyl or ceramic tile
kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best metal or stone, heatabsorbent or double
glazing
Fine interior detail, carpet, Master antennas, fine
ceramic tile, some vinyl
fixtures, one full bath per
and fine hardwood
bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Very plain, brick or block
or low-cost concrete
panels
Drywall, sprayed or
painted ceilings, very
plain, asphalt tile
one bath per unit
Hot water
Average
Little trim, brick, block,
glass
Drywall or plaster, vinyl
composition tile and
average carpet
Few electric fixtures,
average plumbing, one
bath per unit
Heat pump
system
Good
Face brick, limestone,
glass panels
carpet or hardwood, sheet
vinyl or ceramic tile
Many good fixtures, TV
jacks, good baths and
kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 35
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
glazing
Fine interior detail, carpet, Master antennas, fine
ceramic tile, some vinyl
and fine hardwood
bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Very plain brick or block,
minimum fenestration
Drywall and painted
masonry or plaster coat,
asphalt tile, low-cost
carpet
one bath per unit
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Little ornamentation,
brick or block, concrete
panels
Drywall or plaster,
composition
Average fixtures, one bath Forced air
per unit, average circuits
Good
Brick, metal or concrete
and glass panels, some
trim
Drywall or plaster, good
carpet or hardwood, vinyl
composition, ceramic tile
Good electric & plumbing, Heat pump
good baths and kitchens
system
Excellent
Stone, brick, metal and
glass panels, individual
design
Fine interior detail, sheet
vinyl, ceramic tile/carpet,
paneling, fine hardwood
Master antennas, fine
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost siding or stucco
Drywall, low-cost carpet,
asphalt tile
one bath per unit
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Frame and stucco or brick Plaster or drywall, carpet
veneer, little trim,
or hardwood, vinyl
standard design
composition tile
Average fixtures and
circuits, one bath per unit
Forced air
Good
Good stucco, siding or
brick veneer with
ornamentation
Good drywall or plaster,
carpet, good vinyl
composition tile or sheet
Good fixtures, many
outlets, over one bath per
unit
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Best stucco, siding, face
brick or stone veneer,
brick and stone trim,
individual design
Good plaster,
paneling/paper, vinyl,
carpeting or hardwood
TV and phone jacks, good Warm and
fixtures, one bath per
cool air
bedroom
(zoned)
Class M (Mill Type):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Mill-type construction,
brick and block, wood
trusses
Drywall or plaster,
composition, softwood
Average fixtures, one bath Hot water
per unit, average circuits
4 - 36
HVAC
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Good
heavy brick walls, trusses, carpet or hardwood, vinyl
good sash
HVAC
Good electric & plumbing, Heat pump
good baths and kitchens
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich walls,
fenestration to code, little
trim
Drywall, carpet and vinyl
composition, average
cabinetry and finish
Average fixtures and
circuits, one bath per unit
Forced air
Good
Best insulated sandwich
walls, good fenestration,
good frame
Good fixtures, many
outlets, over one bath per
unit
Heat pump
system
301 Armory
These buildings are designed for military training. Quality is determined primarily by the amount of interior
finish, although the exterior appearance and the structural support influence the cost and quality selection.
Armories generally have a large arena drill floor, office area, classrooms, locker areas, secure storage and
kitchen support facilities.
Armories are commonly built up to three stories using masonry, wood or steel-frame construction. In addition
to adequate plumbing, the better qualities have shower facilities. Lighting usually consists of fluorescent
fixtures with some recessed lighting in the office areas.
Interior finishes are either drywall or plaster, with some paneling and special moldings used in the higher
quality structures.
The following are not included in the costs: Training and classroom equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
50
55
55
D
40
40
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, block, very plain,
some trim
Some finish, office and
classroom
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Brick or block, some trim, Finished interior, office
wall bearing or frame
and classrooms, secured
storage
Good lighting &
plumbing, showers
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 37
Occupancy Reference
Excellent
Face brick, good
ornamentation good
frame, bar or web joists
Good interior finish,
offices and classrooms,
indoor range and vaults
Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
tiled showers and
restrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Wood frame and stucco or Some finish, office and
siding
classroom
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Stucco or brick veneer,
Finished interior, office
some trim, wall bearing or and classrooms, secured
frame
storage
Good lighting &
plumbing, showers
Forced air
Excellent
Brick veneer, good
ornamentation, good
frame, bar or web joists
Good interior finish,
offices and classrooms,
indoor range and vaults
tiled showers and
restrooms
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Average
Steel frame, insulated
panels, some fenestration
Some interior finish, office Adequate lighting &
and classroom
plumbing
Space heaters
302 Auditorium
These buildings are designed for visual and voice presentations to a seated mass audience. They include a
stage or arena, basic floor, lobby or foyer at the main entrance, sound system and necessary lighting. The
better qualities have special lighting, sound systems and high-cost plumbing fixtures.
The following are not included in the costs: Movable floors, lights, seating, special equipment and kitchen
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Face brick, concrete
panels with trim, plain
architecture
Drywall, vinyl finishes,
some ornamentation,
carpeting
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, sound system
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 38
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Good masonry, metal or
concrete panels, good
architecture
Plaster, good ornamental
detail, carpeting, vinyl,
terrazzo lobby
Good lighting and sound
system, good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Special architecture and
trim, best materials,
highly ornamented
Best ornamental plaster
and detail, carpeting,
marble, vinyl
Special lighting and sound Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
architecture
Drywall, vinyl finishes,
some ornamentation,
carpeting
Adequate lighting &
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good masonry, metal or
architecture
terrazzo lobby
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
trim, best materials,
highly ornamented
marble, vinyl
Special lighting and sound Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost brick, block, tilt- Painted, acoustic and
up
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Brick, block, concrete
panels, little trim, good
high school type
Drywall, some
ornamentation, vinyl
composition, terrazzo
lobby
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
Face brick, concrete and
glass panels, good
architecture
terrazzo lobby
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
trim, steel frame, best
masonry
marble, vinyl
Special lighting and sound Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Average
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall, plywood,
very plain, low-cost school acoustic tile, wood or
type
asphalt tile floors
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good stucco, some trim,
good high school type
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
September 2002
Interior Finish
Drywall, some
lobby
4 - 39
Occupancy Reference
Good
Brick veneer, best stucco,
good trim, ornamental
front
terrazzo lobby
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Metal panels on wood pole Few partitions, acoustic
frame
tile, wood or asphalt tile
floors
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel or aluminum panels
Few partitions, acoustic
tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Metal sandwich panels
Drywall partitions, some
ornament, acoustic tile,
terrazzo lobby
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
303 Automobile Showroom
These are primarily sales and showrooms for dealerships, regardless of vehicle type (e.g., automobile, boat or
farm implement). The large open areas used for display typically have storefronts. There are also some office
and storage areas next to the sales cubicles.
Most are finished with drywall and plaster. Floors are finished with a combination of resilient floor covering
and some terrazzo. Ceilings in the offices may be tile panels on a suspended system. Lighting is usually very
similar to store and office lighting, and the better qualities have special display spotlights.
Plumbing and restrooms are adequate to service the sales, clerical and managerial personnel using the
building. The higher quality showrooms may also have kitchen and/or lounge support facilities.
The following are not included in the costs: Special signage, furnishings and kitchen equipment.
For the service garage portions of a dealership, use occupancy 526 (Service Garage Shed).
For complete dealership pricing, use occupancy 455 (Auto Dealership, Complete).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 40
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Masonry, concrete or
metal and glass, good
ornamentation
Plaster, acoustic tile,
terrazzo display floor,
adequate office area
Good lighting and
restrooms, some special
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Brick, block, tilt-up,
Painted walls, few drywall Adequate lighting,
simple storefront, low-cost partitions, asphalt tile
minimum plumbing
entrance
Forced air
Average
Brick, block, concrete,
good storefront, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, office, sales
cubicles
Store and office lighting,
small restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Brick, concrete, good
storefront, good
ornamentation
good office area
Good display and office
lighting, restrooms
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick or stone, good
glass panels
Plaster, good acoustic tile, Special lighting, good
good terrazzo, stone,
fixtures and plumbing
rubber tile, carpet
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, simple
front, low-cost entrance
Drywall, few partitions or
extras
Adequate lighting,
minimum plumbing
Forced air
Average
Siding, veneer trim,
storefront, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, office, sales
cubicles
Store-type lighting, small
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Masonry veneer, best
stucco or siding, good
front & trim
good office area
lighting, restrooms
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster, good acoustic tile, Special lighting, good
good EIFS, metal and
good terrazzo, stone,
glass panels
rubber tile, carpet
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Metal on pole frame,
Some finish, few
Adequate lighting,
simple storefront, low-cost partitions, asphalt tile, few minimum plumbing
entrance
extras
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Forced air
4 - 41
Occupancy Reference
Average
Pole frame, metal siding,
storefront, some
ornamentation
Fully lined and insulated,
tile, vinyl composition,
small office area
restrooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall, simple
storefront, low-cost
entrance
Drywall, few partitions or
extras
Adequate lighting,
minimum plumbing
Forced air
Average
Sandwich panels,
storefront, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, small office
area
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Sandwich panels, good
storefront, good
ornamentation
good office area
lighting, restrooms
Package A.C.
304 Bank
This occupancy also includes savings and loan institutions where the design is similar to a bank. Exteriors
have some ornamentation at all quality levels with the better qualities using stone, ornamental concrete, brick
and/or solar glass. The interiors have plaster or drywall with special detailing in some areas. There are some
office and storage areas. The office area may be open and located in the same general area as the main
banking services. Floor finishes usually are terrazzo, carpet, vinyl composition tile or vinyl sheet flooring.
These buildings have drive-up windows, night depositories, surveillance systems and vaults.
Restroom interiors of the higher quality levels are tiled and have high quality commercial fixtures. Lighting is
usually recessed fluorescent fixtures.
The following are not included in the costs: Vault doors, banking equipment, safe deposit boxes or exterior
canopies and yard improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Brick, concrete, little or no Plaster or drywall, vinyl
trim
composition, some carpet
and pavers
4 - 42
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting,
minimum restroom
facilities
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Good brick, ornamental
concrete, good glass,
limestone trim
Plaster or drywall, good
detail, terrazzo, carpet,
vinyl tile
Good lighting and outlets, Hot and
adequate restrooms
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Highly ornamental,
marble, granite, mosaics,
best glass
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, marble,
terrazzo, carpet
Good fluorescent ceiling
panels, good outlets, tiled
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Brick, concrete, little or no Plaster or drywall, vinyl
trim
and pavers
Adequate lighting,
minimum restroom
facilities
Average
concrete, good glass,
limestone trim
vinyl tile
adequate restrooms
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Highly ornamental,
marble, granite, mosaics,
best glass
Plaster or drywall, marble, Good fluorescent ceiling
terrazzo, carpet
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Low
Low-cost brick, block, tilt- Exposed exterior walls,
up, small entrance, little
acoustic ceilings, asphalt
trim
tile
Average
Brick, block, good storetype front with some trim
Some plaster, acoustic tile, Adequate lighting and
some terrazzo or tile, vinyl outlets, adequate
composition
restrooms, TV circuits
Good
glass panels
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting
Excellent
Marble or granite, bronze
and solar glass, highly
ornamental
Plaster and paneling, vinyl Best lighting & closed
wall finishes, carpeting,
circuit TV, quality
terrazzo
restrooms & plumbing
Minimum bank lighting & Package A.C.
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good lighting &
Warm and
plumbing, tiled restrooms, cool air
TV circuits
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding,
minimum ornamentation
vinyl composition tile, few plumbing
partitions
Average
Brick veneer, good stucco
or siding, some
ornamentation
hardwood, low-cost
terrazzo, vinyl
composition
September 2002
Mechanicals
outlets, adequate
restrooms
HVAC
Package A.C.
4 - 43
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Brick veneer, metal and
glass panels, EIFS,
ornamental finishes
Plaster or drywall, some
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting
Good lighting &
plumbing, tiled restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone or face brick veneer, Plaster and paneling, vinyl Best lighting & closed
good metal and glass
circuit TV, quality
panels
terrazzo
restrooms & plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, drywall
interior, insulated
vinyl composition, few
partitions
plumbing
Average
Sandwich panels,
adequate fenestration
Drywall, acoustic, vinyl
composition, some pavers
or ceramic
outlets, adequate
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Sandwich panels, brick
trim, good fenestration
Drywall, some trim,
carpet, vinyl, acoustic tile
Good lighting &
Package A.C.
305 Barn
These are multipurpose buildings that may include dairy or livestock facilities and hay/grain storage. Costs
are averages of several types. Common roof type in the better qualities is a gambrel to allow for loft areas.
Higher quality barns may include lighting, plumbing, interior partitions, large openings, and plank or concrete
floor systems. Lower quality barns may have dirt floors and simple gable or shed roofs.
For a barn hayloft floor, use mezzanine component 766 (Loft Floor/Farm Storage).
The cost does not include lofts.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
30
35
40
D
15
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
25
30
35
S
15
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Block or structural clay
tile
Unfinished, dirt floor, few None
cheap stalls
4 - 44
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
September 2002
Average
Brick, concrete block,
structural clay tile
Unfinished, some slab or
wood floor, stalls
Few electrical outlets and
hose bibs
None
Good
Block or structural tile,
some windows, arch or
gambrel roof
Concrete floor, stalls and
feed room
Lighting and power
wiring, water service and
drains
None
Excellent
Brick or block, good
Painted, concrete floor,
fenestration, gambrel roof good stalls and dairy
facilities
Good wiring, water and
power outlets, restroom
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Light wood frame and roof Unfinished, dirt floor, few None
structure, board siding
cheap stalls
None
Average
Wood frame, board and
batten or low-cost siding,
few windows
Some floor, few partitions Minimum electrical and
and stalls, feed room
water outlets
None
Good
Lap siding, windows,
heavy frame and roof
structure, gambrel roof
Some wainscot, plank or
Adequate lights and
concrete floors, stalls, feed outlets, water service,
room
drains
None
Excellent
Best siding or brick
veneer, heavy frame and
roof structure
T&G wainscot, concrete
Good wiring, water and
floor, good stalls and dairy power outlets, restroom
facilities
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
cheap stalls
None
Average
few windows or shutters
water outlets
None
Good
insulated, good roof
Concrete or plank floors,
stalls, feed room, interior
sheathing
Adequate lights and
outlets, water service and
drains
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Steel siding and frame
cheap stalls
None
Average
Steel siding and frame,
few windows or shutters
water outlets
None
Good
Steel panels on steel
frame, insulated, good
roof
Plank or concrete floors,
stalls, feed room, interior
sheathing
None
September 2002
Adequate lights and
outlets, water service and
drains
4 - 45
Occupancy Reference
306 Bowling Alley
This occupancy includes plumbing and electrical connections for restaurants, bars, billiard rooms, restrooms
and miscellaneous rooms within the basic structure. Side aisles are typically found in service areas behind the
pinsetters and adjacent to each lane along the exterior walls. Partitions for offices and auxiliary facilities
commensurate with quality are included.
Areas designated for spectators' seating and promenades vary in size depending on design characteristics for
the building and the personnel capacities. Bowling alleys typically have some type of combined heating and
cooling system servicing the building. Floor finishes usually are a combination of carpet and resilient floor
coverings.
The following are not included in the costs: Equipment and fixtures associated with the bowling alley, i.e., ball
returns, alleys, billiard or kitchen and bar equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
35
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Low-cost block, tilt-up
Minimal facilities, few
extras
Minimum per code, snack Forced air
bar
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, little
ornamentation
Painted walls, acoustic tile Good fluorescent lighting, Package A.C.
and asphalt tile, some
plumbing for kitchen and
carpet
bar
Good
Brick, best block or tilt-up, Sound-control, vinyl tile,
good frame and girders,
carpet, terrazzo, many
entrance
extra facilities
Extensive lighting and
outlets, good restrooms
and kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick, ornamental
block, concrete, heavy
frame, good entrance
Good lighting &
and kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Plaster, paneling, carpet,
terrazzo, tile, good
banquet/meeting, rec.
rooms
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Few partitions, some vinyl Minimum lighting &
composition roof, very
comp., minimal facilities, plumbing
plain
snack bar
4 - 46
Interior Finish
Forced air
September 2002
Average
Stucco or siding on
Glulam frame with girders carpet, acoustic and
or trusses
asphalt tile
Good fluorescent lighting, Package A.C.
kitchen and bar plumbing
Good
Brick veneer or best stucco Plaster or drywall, good
on heavy frame, good
sound control, carpet,
entrance
vinyl tile, lounge
and kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Pole frame, metal panels,
finished interior liner,
very plain
Minimal construction, few Minimum lighting &
extras, snack bar
plumbing
Forced air
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Single wall, low-cost
interior finish and
insulation, very plain
Few partitions, some vinyl Minimum lighting &
comp., minimal facilities, plumbing
snack bar
Average
Good metal panels and
roof, little ornamentation,
small front
Some carpet, acoustic and Good fluorescent lighting, Package A.C.
asphalt tile
kitchen and bar plumbing
Good
Insulated metal sandwich
panels, good frame,
entrance
sound control, carpet,
vinyl tile, lounge
and kitchens
Forced air
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
308 Church with Sunday School
This occupancy includes special lighting, sound systems and some stained glass windows consistent with the
overall quality of the building. They also include multipurpose social/recreational and educational classroom
facilities. Because of the wide range in mix of facilities and qualities, it may be best to price each area
individually, using the following occupancies:
309 (Church)
173 (Church Educational Wing)
516 (Fellowship Hall)
517 (Narthex/Foyer)
The following are not included in the costs: Pews, kitchen, classroom furnishings, organs, bells and other
church equipment.
September 2002
4 - 47
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
60
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete, metal and glass, Drywall, some
leaded windows, stone
ornamentation, terrazzo,
trim
vinyl tile, carpeting
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, classroom
fixtures, sound system
Package A.C.
Stone, good curtain walls, Ornamental plaster and
good stained glass and
detail, marble, carpeting,
trim
vinyl tile
Special lighting, sound
system, good classroom
outlets, plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
trim
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, classroom
fixtures, sound system
Package A.C.
Good
trim
vinyl tile
outlets, plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost brick or block,
plain
Painted masonry, plywood Minimum lighting &
trim, asphalt tile, very
plumbing, classroom
plain classrooms
features
Average
Brick or block, stone trim, Drywall, vinyl
few simple stained glass
composition tile, little
windows
ornamental detail, std.
classrooms
Good
Face brick or block, stone
trim, good windows and
architecture
Good plaster and detail,
vinyl tile, carpeting,
terrazzo, good classrooms fixtures, plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, special
architecture and trim
Finest plaster and fine
wood detail, carpeting,
marble, vinyl tile
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 48
Forced air
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, low-cost sound
outlets, plumbing
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall and plywood,
asphalt and acoustic tile,
plain
minimum classrooms
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, classroom
features
Forced air
Average
Stucco or siding, few
stained-glass windows,
some trim
Drywall and veneers, vinyl Adequate lighting &
trim, standard classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Brick veneer, best stucco
or siding, good windows
and architecture
Good plaster or wood,
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Ornamental plaster and
fine windows, special
fine detail, carpet, marble, system, good classroom
architecture
vinyl
outlets, plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
little trim
Minimum lighting &
vinyl composition tile, few plumbing, classroom
extras, minimum
features
classrooms
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
roof, finished interior,
some trim
composition tile, few
extras, minimum
classrooms
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, classroom
features
Forced air
Average
Insulated sandwich panels, Drywall partitions, vinyl
few stained glass windows composition and acoustic
tile, standard classrooms
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
Good sandwich panels,
good windows and trim
Good drywall or wood,
Good lighting, sound
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
309 Church
This occupancy includes special lighting, sound systems and some stained glass windows consistent with the
overall quality of the building.
The following are not included in the costs: Pews, kitchen, organs, bells and other church equipment.
For churches with classrooms, use occupancy 308 (Church with Sunday School).
September 2002
4 - 49
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
60
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
trim
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
trim
vinyl tile
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, special
Finest plaster and wood
detail, carpeting, marble,
vinyl tile
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
trim
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
trim
vinyl tile
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, special
vinyl tile
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plain
Painted masonry, plywood Minimum lighting &
trim, asphalt tile, very
plain
Average
Brick or block, stone trim, Drywall, vinyl
few simple stained glass
windows
ornamental detail, carpet
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
plumbing, adequate sound
system
Good
Face brick or block, stone
architecture
Good lighting &
plumbing, good sound
system
4 - 50
terrazzo
HVAC
Forced air
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, special
Finest plaster & fine wood Special lighting and sound Warm and
detail, carpeting, marble, system, good plumbing
cool air
vinyl tile
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall and plywood,
asphalt and acoustic tile
plain
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
Average
Stucco or siding, few
stained-glass windows,
some trim
Drywall and veneers, vinyl Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
trim, carpet
system
Good
and architecture
Good plaster or wood,
terrazzo
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Ornamental plaster and
fine detail, carpet, marble, system, good plumbing
cool air
architecture
vinyl
(zoned)
Good lighting &
system
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
little trim
Minimum lighting &
vinyl composition tile, few plumbing, low-cost sound
extras
Average
Pole frame, best metal
panels, few stained glass
windows
Drywall partitions,
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
system
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some trim
vinyl tile, few extras
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
Average
Insulated sandwich panels, Drywall partitions, vinyl
few stained glass windows composition and acoustic
tile, some carpet
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
system
Good
good windows and trim
Good lighting &
system
Good drywall or wood,
terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
310 City Club
These are private hotels that have dining, gymnasium and library facilities. Average quality city clubs are
similar to large YMCA or YWCA buildings. Exteriors are brick, stone, concrete, metal and glass or precast
panels. Interiors are usually nicely finished, with plaster or drywall and a large amount of paneling or wall
September 2002
4 - 51
Occupancy Reference
coverings. Most have good service areas that include good lighting, plumbing fixtures and steam rooms.
Commonly, they have combined heating and cooling systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Swimming pools, kitchen equipment and exercise equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, stone, metal or
precast panels, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, good lounge
and public area, gym
Adequate, steam room,
gym, add for swimming
pool
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Good plaster, paneling,
best metal and glass,
carpet, fine detail, add for
concrete
Olympic pool
TV and phone jacks in
rooms, excellent service
and fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, stone, metal or
precast panels, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
and public areas, gym
Adequate, steam room,
gym, add for swimming
pool
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, stone or
concrete and glass, good
trim and entrance
Good plaster, paneling,
TV and phone jacks in
carpet, good detail, add for rooms, good service and
Olympic pool
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
311 Clubhouse
Clubhouses are general-purpose recreation buildings, such as community halls/centers and veterans’
organization buildings. These buildings generally have light kitchen facilities, large multi-purpose general
use room with stage, and multiple restrooms. Better quality clubhouses have moveable partition walls and
some small meeting rooms or offices.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen and stage equipment.
323 Fraternal Building
514 Community Recreation Center
985 Senior Clubhouse Center
4 - 52
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick, block, tilt-up, no
trim
Painted walls, concrete
floor
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
panels, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
composition, concrete slab restrooms/kitchen
Good
Face brick, concrete or
metal panels,
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, carpet,
hardwood, small stage,
vinyl composition
Tiled restrooms, good
Heat pump
kitchen, adequate lighting system
& plumbing
Excellent
Face brick, glass panels,
stone, top quality
Plaster, terrazzo, tile
pavers, hardwood, carpet,
stage
Tiled restrooms, full
kitchen, special lighting
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, very
plain
Drywall, concrete slab
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
Brick veneer, stucco or
siding, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
composition, concrete slab restrooms/kitchen
Good
or siding, ornamentation
hardwood, vinyl
composition, small stage
Heat pump
& plumbing
Excellent
Stone or brick veneer,
metal and glass panels,
best quality
Plaster, terrazzo, tile
stage
Forced air
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Metal skin on pole frame
and truss, some interior
finish
Few partitions, concrete slab, Minimum electric &
part ceiling
plumbing
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Electric wall
heaters
4 - 53
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal skin on preengineered frame, some
interior finish
Few partitions, concrete
slab, part ceiling
Minimum electric &
plumbing
Electric wall
heaters
Average
Insulated sandwich panels, Gypsum or plywood,
pre-engineered frame
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
restrooms & kitchen
Forced air
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Drywall, carpet and vinyl
some trim
Adequate lighting &
Heat pump
plumbing, good kitchen & system
restrooms
Excellent
Best sandwich panels,
good fenestration and
ornamentation
Drywall, terrazzo, tile
stage
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
313 Convalescent Hospital
This occupancy includes rest homes, sanitariums, nursing homes and buildings of hospital type construction
that give nursing care. They are designed for bed care and/or hotel and nursing care for ambulatory patients.
They have treatment and therapy rooms, service and administration areas, nurses' stations and signaling
systems commensurate with the building class and quality. These facilities do not have equipment for surgical
care and treatment.
Exterior and interior finishes are very similar to hospitals in terms of the materials used. While most have
some type of combined heating and cooling system, lower quality units may have heating only.
The following are not included in the costs: Furniture, and equipment such as therapy or kitchen equipment,
etc. that are not permanently attached.
451 Multiple Residence, Senior Citizen (Low Rise), for independent living
589 Multiple Residence, Assisted Living (Low Rise), for assisted living
330 Home for the Elderly, for high-rise assisted living
710 Multiple Residence, Retirement Community Complex
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 54
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, concrete, metal and Hospital without surgical
glass, little ornamentation facilities, good lounge
areas
Signal system, therapy
facilities, adequate
lighting & plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Face brick, stone trim,
good metal or concrete
with good glazing
Plaster or drywall, vinyl
and ceramic walls, carpet
and vinyl floors
facilities, good lighting &
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Hospital without surgical
glass, little ornamentation facilities, acoustic and
vinyl tile
lighting & plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
good metal or concrete
with good glazing
and ceramic walls, carpet
and vinyl floors
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
ornamentation, simple
entrance
Painted walls, some
Minimum lighting &
plaster or drywall, acoustic plumbing, minimum
and asphalt tile
hospital facilities
Forced air
Average
Brick, block, some metal
and glass, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic ceilings, vinyl
composition
Package A.C.
Good
Metal and glass, brick,
stone trim, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, enamel Signal system, therapy
or vinyl walls, vinyl floor, facilities, good lighting &
some carpet
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Highly ornamental metal
or concrete panels and
glass
Plaster, vinyl and ceramic Signal system, therapy
wall finishes, carpet and
vinyl floors
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
lighting & plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Stucco or siding, little
trim or ornamentation
Drywall, acoustic and
asphalt tile, minimum
detail
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
plumbing, minimum extra
facilities
Average
Good stucco or wood
siding with brick or stone
trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, signal system,
some extras
Package A.C.
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS, metal Plaster or drywall, good
Warm and
September 2002
HVAC
4 - 55
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Excellent
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
and glass, good entrance
and trim
ceilings and floor covering facilities, good lighting &
plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Face brick, stone, metal
and glass, highly
ornamental
Plaster, vinyl and ceramic Signal system, therapy
wall finishes, carpet and
vinyl floors
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
little trim
detail
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
facilities
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Insulated metal panels,
little or no ornamentation
detail
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
facilities
Average
Sandwich panels with
brick or stone trim
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Adequate lighting &
vinyl composition
some extras
Package A.C.
314 Country Club
Country clubs are designed for entertainment and have few, if any, sleeping rooms. Group entertainment
normally requires good kitchen facilities, minimum restrooms with or without lockers and showers, and large
general use rooms. They typically have small offices and meeting rooms. Higher quality structures have a
ballroom, bar, banquet and pro shop facilities, as well as extensive locker and shower rooms.
The following are not included in the costs: Balconies, fireplaces, swimming pools, lockers, kitchen, bar
equipment and pro shop fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 56
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Concrete block or low-cost Unfinished block, drywall Minimum shower and
brick, very plain
partitions, minimum
locker rooms, minimum
facilities
lighting
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, concrete
panels, some
ornamentation
Package A.C.
Good
Stone trim, brick, metal or Plaster or drywall, carpet,
concrete panels and glass hardwood, vinyl
composition
Good lighting, bar, dining Heat pump
room, kitchen, good
system
plumbing
Excellent
Ashlar and face brick,
metal and glass, top
architecture
High-capacity electrical
service, fine electric &
plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
Plaster or drywall, carpet
and vinyl composition
Plaster, quality carpet,
hardwood, ceramic tile,
sheet vinyl
Mechanicals
Adequate lighting,
showers, bars, kitchen,
adequate restrooms
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, vinyl
composition, few
partitions, minimum
facilities
Minimum shower and
lighting
Forced air
Average
Good stucco or siding,
some brick or stone trim
carpet, vinyl composition
Adequate lighting,
showers, bar, kitchen,
adequate restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Plaster or drywall,
Good lighting, bar, dining Heat pump
carpeting, hardwood, vinyl room, kitchen, good
system
composition
plumbing
Excellent
Ashlar or face brick
veneer, top architecture,
much glass
hardwood, ceramic tile,
sheet vinyl
High-capacity electrical
service, fine
electrical/plumbing
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Enameled metal siding,
Drywall, rubber, vinyl
finished interior, insulated composition, exposed
concrete
Minimum
electrical/plumbing,
minimum facilities
Forced air
Average
panels, steel frame, some
trim
Average quality and
quantity, adequate
facilities
Package A.C.
September 2002
Drywall, carpet, cork,
rubber, vinyl composition
4 - 57
Occupancy Reference
315 Creamery
These buildings are designed for milk processing, butter making and other related dairy product production.
They contain the necessary plumbing and electrical to operate the facility and have built-in refrigerator rooms.
They are built of masonry, wood or steel frame construction and typically have plaster interiors. Floor finishes
are commonly tile or epoxy over a concrete slab. The better qualities have designated lab, process, storage and
distribution areas.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings and processing equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
35
45
50
50
B
35
45
50
50
C
25
35
45
45
D
20
30
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
30
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, concrete, solid
construction
Plaster ceilings, tile floors, Good lighting and
wainscot in production
plumbing, many outlets,
areas
lab
Steam
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum electrical and
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost brick, block, tilt- Painted walls, slab floor,
up, no trim, wood rafters partly finished ceiling,
chiller room
Average
Brick, block, little trim,
steel or wood trusses or
joists
Plaster walls and ceiling, Adequate lighting,
epoxy and tile on concrete plumbing, power outlets
floor, freezer room
and drains
Steam
Good
retail entrance and
storefront
Plaster, tile floors and
wainscot, freezer and
cooler rooms
Good lighting and
plumbing, many outlets
and drains, lab
Steam
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding, no trim,
light roof structure
Plaster or gypsum board, Minimum lighting and
concrete slab, chiller room outlets, minimum
plumbing
Average
Brick veneer, good stucco, Plaster walls and ceiling,
insulated, wood truss and some tile, concrete floor,
rafters
freezer room
4 - 58
Adequate lighting,
plumbing, power outlets
and drains
Space heaters
Steam
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
and trim, EIFS, retail
entrance and storefront
cooler rooms
Good lighting and
and drains, lab
Steam
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
metal siding, lined
Plaster or gypsum board, Minimum lighting and
concrete slab, chiller room outlets, minimum
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Rigid steel frame,
insulated siding or
roof
Plaster walls and ceiling,
some tile, concrete floor,
freezer room
Adequate lighting,
and drains
Steam
Good
Good steel frame,
sandwich panels, retail
entrance and storefront
cooler rooms
Good lighting and
and drains, lab
Steam
316 Dairy
These buildings are designed for the milking of cows and first stage milk processing. Most, except for the
lower quality units, have the capability for short-term storage. The structures are built to comply with state
health and sanitation codes.
Usually built of masonry or wood frame construction, they have contoured concrete floors with epoxy or tile
finishes. The better qualities have high level lighting, cow washes, restrooms, showers, pipe stanchions and
milk piping. These units are generally not heated.
The costs include installed piping and electrical circuits, but do not include milking equipment and milk
storage or processing equipment.
561 Feeder Barn
469 Freestall Barn
440 Milkhouse
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
20
30
35
35
D
15
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
25
30
30
S
15
25
30
30
W
-----
4 - 59
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Clay tile, concrete block,
half walls, wood shutters
and rafters
Painted walls, concrete
milking floor, milking
parlor only, no storage
plumbing service, wood
stanchions
None
Average
Brick, concrete block or
clay tile, light wood
trusses
Plaster wainscot in cooler
and washroom, good
concrete floor
None
plumbing, pipe stanchions
Good
insulated roof
Plaster walls in
cooler/storage room,
contoured concrete floor
with drains
Good lighting and
plumbing, pipe
stanchions, milk piping
None
Excellent
Brick or stucco on block,
insulated heavy roof
structure
Ceramic and epoxy
finishes, contoured
concrete floor, plaster
ceiling
High-level lighting, hot
water, cow wash,
restrooms and showers
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood siding or plywood
on light wood frame,
shutters
floor, milking barn only,
no storage
plumbing services, wood
stanchions
None
Average
Stucco or siding, wood
frame and rafters,
windows or shutters
Plaster wainscot, cooler
and washroom, good
concrete floor
None
Good
some trim, wood or steel
frame
Plaster walls, cooler and
storage, contoured
concrete floor
Good lighting and
plumbing, pipe
None
Excellent
Best sidings or veneer,
good roof structure, fully
insulated
Ceramic and epoxy
finishes, contoured
concrete floors, plaster
ceiling
water, cow wash,
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some wainscot, shutters
Little interior finish,
concrete milking floor,
milking barn only
plumbing services, wood
stanchions
None
Average
windows or good shutters
Gypsum board or plaster,
wainscot in cooler and
washroom
None
4 - 60
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
siding and sheathing,
insulated
Plaster or gypsum board,
cooler and storage,
Good lighting and
plumbing, pipe
None
Excellent
Best metal siding on pole
frame, fully insulated,
sheathed
Ceramic and epoxy
finishes, contoured
concrete floors, plaster
ceiling
water, cow wash,
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Steel siding, light frame,
some wainscot, shutters
Little interior finish,
concrete milking floor,
milking barn only
None
plumbing wood stanchions
Average
Steel siding, windows or
good shutters
Gypsum board or plaster,
wainscot in cooler and
washroom
None
Good
Good steel siding, full
sheathing, insulated
cooler and storage,
Good lighting and
plumbing, pipe
None
Excellent
Good steel siding and
sheathing, fully insulated
Ceramic and epoxy
finishes, contoured floors, water, cow wash,
plaster ceiling
None
317 Dairy Sales Building
These buildings are drive-up store buildings designed for sale and limited storage of dairy products. They may
have storefront entrances with plaster walls, acoustic tile ceilings and a resilient floor finish. They also have
typical store lighting and restrooms, and generally have high capacity electrical service.
The cost includes the built-in refrigerators, but does not include freestanding refrigerators, display cases,
special fixtures, signs and equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
30
35
35
40
D
25
30
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
25
30
30
35
W
-----
4 - 61
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
store or drive-up front
asphalt tile, built-in
refrigerated storage
Store lighting &
plumbing, restroom
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stucco or siding, store or
drive-up front
asphalt tile, built-in
Store lighting &
plumbing, restroom
Package A.C.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Store lighting &
plumbing, restroom
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good colored steel panels, Acoustic tile, vinyl
drive-up front
composition, built-in
318 Department Store
These buildings are often two or more stories designed to display and sell multiple lines of merchandise. The
front elevations usually vary with the quality of the store. The higher quality department stores have large,
ornate display areas and fronts while, at the average quality level, the displays are relatively smaller.
Most department stores have elevators and escalators. Floor coverings are a mixture of carpet and resilient
tile, with the better qualities utilizing high-traffic type floor finishes such as terrazzo. Department stores
generally have combined heating and cooling systems and good store lighting. Allowances are included for
suitable office and employee areas and restroom facilities.
319 Discount Store
353 Retail Store
458 Warehouse Discount Store
534 Warehouse Showroom Store
700 Mall Anchor Department Store
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs, trade fixtures and retail or food service
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 62
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
45
45
50
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
and glass, shallow
displays
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, rubber or
vinyl tile, some carpet
Adequate store lighting
and restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Brick, concrete, or metal
and glass, good display
fronts
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Hot and
tile ceiling, carpet and
tiled restrooms
chilled water
vinyl floors
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, face brick, best
metal and glass, fine
display fronts
Best plaster, vinyl and
ornamental finishes,
terrazzo, carpet
High luminosity, many
good outlets, tiled
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
and glass, shallow
displays
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl tile, some carpet
Adequate store lighting
and restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
and glass, good display
fronts
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Hot and
tile ceiling, carpet and
tiled restrooms
chilled water
vinyl floors
(zoned)
Excellent
display fronts
Best plaster, vinyl and
terrazzo, carpet
High luminosity, many
good outlets, tiled
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, stucco on block,
concrete panels, adequate
displays
Drywall or plaster,
acoustic tile, some carpet,
vinyl or ceramic
restrooms, competitive
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Brick, concrete, metal
Plaster, acoustic tile
panels, good display fronts ceilings, carpet and vinyl
tile
Excellent
Stone, face brick, metal or Plaster, acoustic plaster or High-intensity lighting,
tile, carpet and vinyl floors good quality plumbing
fronts
Good lighting and outlets, Warm and
good restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
319 Discount Store
These buildings are generally built as large, open shell one-story structures. Even though departments
commonly divide areas in better discount stores, they generally do not match the quality of construction found
in department stores.
The better qualities will have some storefront and well-finished interiors. Some storage and office areas
commensurate with the overall quality of the building are included.
September 2002
4 - 63
Occupancy Reference
353 Retail Store
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs, trade fixtures and checkout or food service
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
40
45
50
B
40
40
45
50
C
35
35
40
45
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
40
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Tilt-up panels, brick, good Acoustic tile, vinyl tile,
front, some ornamentation some built-ins and extras
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting, outlets, Package A.C.
and plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Minimum block or tilt-up, Painted exterior walls,
Minimum lighting &
pipe or wood columns
minimum finish and office plumbing
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, tilt-up,
Drywall, small office area, Adequate lighting and
wood or steel columns and acoustic tile, vinyl
restrooms, competitive
trusses
composition
fixtures
Package A.C.
Good
Brick, good tilt-up, steel
columns, wide spans
Plaster, good offices,
vinyl composition
Mechanicals
HVAC
good restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding on studs,
small front
Drywall, few partitions,
Minimum lighting &
Average
Good stucco or siding on Drywall, small office area, Adequate lighting and
wood frame or heavy studs acoustic tile, vinyl
restrooms
composition
4 - 64
Mechanicals
HVAC
Forced air
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Good
Brick or stone veneer,
wood or steel columns and offices, good acoustic tile,
trusses
vinyl or rubber
HVAC
good restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
lined, small front
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Low
Steel panels, partly
Minimum lighting &
finished on interior, small minimum finish and office plumbing
front
Forced air
Average
Sandwich panels, plain
front
Few partitions, small
office area, acoustic tile
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
frame, some
ornamentation
Drywall, good offices,
vinyl composition
good restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
320 Dispensary
These are buildings designed for urgent care or emergency first aid and medical treatment. Typically, they do
not have facilities for surgery, although the better qualities may have some small surgical capabilities. They
do generally have some office space.
Floor coverings are either ceramic tile or some type of resilient floor finish throughout the structure. Lighting
and plumbing are adequate for emergency first aid use.
The following are not included in the costs: Medical equipment, surgery facilities and emergency power
facilities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
35
35
40
45
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
4 - 65
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, precast panels,
Drywall or plaster,
metal and glass, little trim acoustic tile, vinyl
composition, some
ceramic pavers
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for emergency
first aid and care
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Brick, metal and glass,
some ornamentation
enamel or vinyl walls,
ceramic, vinyl, rubber tile
Good lighting &
plumbing, first aid and
overnight care
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, very
plain finish
Drywall or plaster,
composition tile
Adequate lighting &
first aid
Forced air
Good
fenestration, some trim
Drywall or plaster,
composition, some
ceramic pavers
Good lighting &
overnight care
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
plain
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good
Brick veneer, or best
stucco or siding
Drywall or plaster,
acoustic tile, ceramic tile,
vinyl composition
Good lighting &
overnight care
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Metal siding, finished
interior
vinyl composition tile
Adequate lighting &
first aid
Forced air
321 Dormitory
These buildings include college and boarding school residence halls, intern or nurses' quarters, and military
service quarters. They generally have a lounge and frequently have common dining facilities.
In the better qualities, the rooms are soundproof, furniture is built-in, baths are tiled and painted, halls,
lounges and rooms are carpeted. Plaster and drywall are the most common wall finishes used. The amount of
detail on the interior is commensurate with the overall quality.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, swimming pools and recreation room
equipment.
4 - 66
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
60
60
B
50
50
60
60
C
45
45
55
55
D
40
40
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick or concrete panels, Drywall, acoustic tile,
very plain, painted interior vinyl composition floors
Painted shower rooms,
half baths in living units
Hot water
Average
Brick, steel or concrete
panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall or plaster
walls/ceiling, vinyl
composition, carpeting
One bath for three
Warm and
students, average electrical cool air
service
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, metal or
concrete panels,
ornamental fronts
Soundproofed rooms,
carpeted halls and
lounges, good detail
Good bathrooms, good
electrical/plumbing
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, best brick, good
Soundproofed rooms,
metal panels, best designs carpeting, built-in
furniture, fine lounges
Tiled bathrooms, paired
baths, good electrical and
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Brick or concrete panels, Drywall, acoustic tile,
very plain, painted interior vinyl composition floors
Painted shower rooms,
half baths in living units
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall or plaster
walls/ceiling, vinyl
composition, carpeting
One bath for three
Warm and
students, average electrical cool air
service
(zoned)
Good
concrete panels,
ornamental fronts
Soundproofed rooms,
carpeted halls and
lounges, good detail
electrical/plumbing
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, best brick, good
Soundproofed rooms,
metal panels, best designs carpeting, built-in
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick, block, precast
concrete, very plain
Exposed block, drywall,
composition
Minimum number and
quality of fixtures
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 67
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
carpeted halls, acoustic
tile
Standard
electrical/plumbing
fixtures, some tile and
extras
Hot water
Good
design
Carpeted halls and
lounges, good detail,
plaster or drywall
electrical/plumbing
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, best brick, metal or Soundproofed rooms,
concrete panels, best
carpeting, built-in
designs
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain, simple entrance
Drywall, vinyl
composition, minimum
finish
Minimum number and
quality of fixtures
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer or stucco
with some trim
Plaster or drywall,
carpeted halls, acoustic
tile
Standard
electrical/plumbing
fixtures, some tile and
extras
Hot water
Good
Brick veneer or best stucco Carpeted halls and
with trim, good
lounges, plaster or
ornamentation
drywall, good detail
electrical service
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
metal and glass,
individual design
Carpeting, built-in
furniture, good lounge and baths, good electrical and
decoration
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, some
trim
composition, acoustic tile
ceilings
Standard electrical and
plumbing fixtures
Hot water
322 Fire Station, Staffed
This occupancy is used by a full-time fire department. The buildings are designed for engine storage,
dormitory and light kitchen facilities. The better quality fire stations are able to serve as a command post for
major fire control.
Average quality fire stations are similar to company size fire units in city areas and are also equipped for 24hour watch.
The number of kitchens, showers and offices found in the building is commensurate with the size of the fire
station and the number of personnel in the fire unit.
For volunteer staffing, use occupancy 427 (Fire Station, Volunteer).
4 - 68
September 2002
The following are not included in the costs: Training towers and kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Precast concrete, brick,
limestone trim, some
ornamentation
Kitchen, showers, offices, Adequate lighting &
plaster, acoustic tile, vinyl plumbing
tile
Good
Good metal and glass,
Fully equipped, kitchen,
concrete, some good stone, tile showers, offices, major good plumbing
cool air
good entrance
command post
(zoned)
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Minimum watch type or
emergency medical
service, small finished
areas
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
some ornamentation
Small living and
administrative areas,
drywall and asphalt tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good
Kitchen, showers, offices, Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
and glass, ornamental trim plaster, acoustic tile, vinyl good plumbing
tile
Excellent
Face brick, stone,
architectural concrete,
good entrance
Fully equipped, kitchen,
tile showers, offices, major good plumbing
cool air
command post
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
Drywall, small finished
areas, minimum watch
type or EMS
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
or siding with brick trim
Drywall and acoustic tile,
small living and
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 69
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
administrative areas
Good
or siding with good trim
Kitchen, showers, offices,
drywall or plaster, vinyl
tile
Good lighting & plumbing Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Fully equipped, kitchen,
good entrance
tile showers, offices, major good plumbing
cool air
command post
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some interior finish and
insulation
Minimum watch type,
drywall, small finished
areas
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
little trim
some living and office
area
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal exterior, some
interior finish and
insulation
Minimum watch type,
drywall, small finished
areas
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
Sandwich panels, or
finished interior, some
ornamentation
some living and office
area
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good
good entrance and trim
Kitchen, showers, offices,
paneling, acoustic tile,
carpet, vinyl tile
good plumbing
These large multi-purpose buildings are designed for use by fraternal organizations. They generally have an
auditorium, kitchen, dining, game rooms and offices. They also often have a large meeting room with
movable partitions.
If the building consists primarily of a small auditorium with few additional rooms, use occupancy 311
(Clubhouse). If the building has many sleeping rooms or apartments, use occupancy 310 (City Club).
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, kitchen equipment, lockers and athletic equipment.
311 Clubhouse
4 - 70
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
55
B
40
45
50
55
C
35
40
45
50
D
30
35
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
45
S
30
35
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Drywall, asphalt tile,
glass, some ornamentation hardwood, auditorium,
kitchen and game rooms
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Drywall, asphalt tile,
glass, some ornamentation hardwood, auditorium,
kitchen and game rooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost brick, block,
concrete
Painted, acoustic and
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Adequate lighting &
hardwood and asphalt tile, plumbing
kitchen
Good
Good finish and detail,
trim, good entrance, lobby carpeting and tile,
auditorium, good kitchen
Good fluorescent lighting, Warm and
good plumbing and
cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Excellent
Marble, stone, metal and
glass, very decorative
Best lighting and sound
systems, good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent finish and
detail, carpet, terrazzo,
vinyl, fine kitchen
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost wood or stucco
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Stucco, some brick or
stone trim, small entrance asphalt tile, kitchen and
game rooms
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
September 2002
4 - 71
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Good
Brick veneer or best stucco Good finish and detail,
with trim, good entrance
carpet, vinyl, auditorium,
good kitchen
HVAC
good plumbing and
cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal skin on pole frame Drywall, acoustic and
Minimum lighting &
and truss, finished interior resilient tile, small kitchen plumbing
and game rooms
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Metal sandwich panels
asphalt tile, kitchen and
game rooms
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
324 Fraternity House
These structures are very similar in design to residential structures. The family-style nature of the kitchens,
dining areas, and lounge rooms differs from dormitories. They differ from residential structures by their
multiple sleeping units and the expanded plumbing to service more than one student per bath.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces and kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick or block, little trim,
good fenestration
Plaster or drywall, painted Adequate, shower rooms,
block, carpet, vinyl
residential lighting
composition
circuits
Good
design
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, carpet, vinyl
composition, good detail
4 - 72
Mechanicals
HVAC
Hot water
Good electrical/plumbing Warm and
fixtures, three students per cool air
bath
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Stone, best brick and
design, ornamental front
Soundproofed rooms,
extra features, good
lounge
Paired baths, tiled, good
electrical and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
trim
carpet
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot water
Good
Good stucco or siding with Plaster or drywall,
trim, brick veneer,
ornamentation
composition, good detail
Good electrical/plumbing Warm and
fixtures, three students per cool air
bath
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Fine interior detail,
fine windows, ornamental ceramic tile, carpet,
front
Good fixtures, many
outlets, one full bath per
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
325 Service Garage (Obsolete)
This occupancy is obsolete. Use one of the following occupancies instead:
528 Service Repair Garage
527 Municipal Service Garage
526 Service Garage Shed
These buildings are designed primarily for vehicular repair and maintenance. The lower qualities are small
independent commercial garages, while the better qualities include large municipal service garage facilities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
35
35
40
45
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
40
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
326 Storage Garage
These buildings are designed for live and dead load storage of automobiles. Built of all classes of construction,
they have some unfinished partitioned office areas using masonry or wood frame walls, with minimum
lighting and plumbing.
The following is not included in the costs: Hoists.
September 2002
4 - 73
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
35
40
40
45
P
-----
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, reinforced concrete, Plaster or drywall,
little ornamentation
masonry partitions, small
office and service area
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low lighting levels,
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low-level lighting,
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Unfinished, small
facade
partitioned office area,
concrete floors
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding, plain facade
Unfinished, small
concrete floors
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Mill-type frame, brick,
plain facade
Painted walls, mill-type
floors, masonry partitions
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Single-wall construction,
enameled steel or
aluminum
Unfinished, small
concrete floors
Low-level lighting,
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
327 Governmental Building
These buildings include city halls, courthouses, etc., but do not include typical office or service buildings.
They may be massive buildings or buildings utilizing modern exterior curtain walls. The better qualities have
well-finished chambers and hearing rooms, as well as executive offices, while average quality governmental
buildings have only a few decorative features.
4 - 74
September 2002
These buildings are built using all classes of construction. Exteriors vary with the building class; typical
finishes include marble, granite, concrete, metal and glass panels, concrete block and various types of masonry
veneer.
Interiors commonly utilize high-use floor covers such as terrazzo, marble, carpet, ceramic tile and, in some
cases, resilient flooring. Most, except the low quality governmental buildings, have combined heating and
cooling systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Office and kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
40
40
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, concrete panels,
metal and glass, little
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, little
paneling, vinyl
outlets, some tiled
restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
concrete, some good stone, paneled offices, vinyl and
good entrance
carpet
good tiled restrooms
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Highly ornamental,
Plaster, marble trim,
marble, granite, best metal ornate detail, terrazzo,
and glass
carpet, vinyl floors
Best lighting and outlets,
tiled restrooms, many
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
HVAC
Class B Reinforced Concrete Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Precast concrete, block,
little trim
Plaster or drywall, few
paneled offices, vinyl
composition
Warm and
outlets, adequate plumbing cool air
(zoned)
Average
ornamentation
paneling, vinyl
outlets, some tiled
restrooms
Good
concrete, some good stone, paneled offices, vinyl and
good entrance
carpet
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Highly ornamental,
marble, granite, best metal ornate detail, terrazzo,
and glass
carpet, vinyl floors
tiled restrooms, many
fixtures
September 2002
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 75
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
entrance
paneled offices, vinyl
composition
Warm and
outlets, adequate plumbing cool air
(zoned)
Good
Best ornamental masonry, Plaster or drywall, good
detail and paneling,
terrazzo, vinyl tile
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Marble or granite, best
metal and glass, highly
decorative
paneling, terrazzo, carpet, tiled restrooms, many
vinyl floors
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
asphalt tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer, ornamental
stucco, EIFS, metal and
glass
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, some
paneling, vinyl
composition
Package A.C.
outlets, adequate plumbing
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster or drywall, vinyl,
fine fenestration
paneling, carpet, vinyl
composition
Excellent
Best masonry veneer,
fenestration
cool air
(zoned)
paneling, terrazzo, carpet, tiled restrooms, many
vinyl floors
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Insulated wall or sandwich Drywall, acoustic tile,
panels, adequate
asphalt tile
fenestration
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Average
fenestration, some brick or paneled offices, vinyl
stone
composition
Package A.C.
328 Storage Hangar
These buildings are designed primarily for aircraft storage and light maintenance and repair. The highest
quality storage hangars are for line servicing of large commercial airplanes. Storage hangars have some office
area, storage area and restroom and plumbing facilities for small crews of maintenance personnel.
The following are not included in the costs: Maintenance equipment and cranes.
4 - 76
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
40
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Block, cheap brick, tilt-up, Concrete or asphalt floor,
light roof
few extras
water
None
Average
Pilasters or steel frame,
block, tilt-up, wood or
steel trusses
Painted, small office,
concrete floor
plumbing
None
Good
Steel frame, concrete
panels or brick, heavy
structure
Offices, heavy floor
Good electrical and
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
Structural steel, concrete
panels, major jet hangars
Offices, few partitions,
heavy floor
Good lighting & plumbing Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete or asphalt floor,
siding, light roof structure few extras
plumbing
None
Frame and stucco or
siding, light and medium
aircraft hangars
Small office, concrete
floor
plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Unfinished, partially
floored
Minimum electrical
None
Low
Metal siding on pole
frame, windows, light
aircraft hangar
Shop area, light floor, few Adequate electrical and
extras, some interior wall water service
finish
September 2002
None
4 - 77
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light metal frame, siding
Unfinished, partially
floored
Minimum electrical
None
Low
Pre-engineered, steel
Concrete or asphalt floor,
siding, light roof structure few extras
water
None
Average
Steel frame and siding,
light and medium aircraft
hangars
Small office, concrete
floor
plumbing
None
Good
Structural steel, steel
siding, heavy aircraft
hangars
Offices, heavy floor
Good electrical and
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
Structural steel, heavy
steel siding, major jet
hangars
Offices, few partitions,
heavy floor
Good lighting & plumbing Space heaters
329 Hangar, Maintenance and Office
These hangars are similar to storage hangars, but include more plumbing, electrical and interior construction
costs. These hangars are used for complete maintenance and repair functions. The higher quality hangars are
the main base facilities for commercial airlines and include a large amount of interior construction. They
include suitable office, locker, break and restroom areas, secure storage facilities, and electrical, plumbing,
heating and utilities to accommodate large maintenance crews.
The following are not included in the costs: Personnel lifts, hoists, security equipment and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Concrete block, low-cost
brick, tilt-up, light roof
structure
Some partitions, few
Minimum lighting &
extras, concrete or asphalt plumbing, power outlets
floor
Space heaters
Average
Pilasters or steel frame,
block, tilt-up, wood or
steel trusses
Painted, few partitions,
Power outlets, drains,
small office, concrete floor restroom
Space heaters
4 - 78
Mechanicals
HVAC
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Steel frame, concrete
panels or brick, heavy
structure
Supply rooms, offices,
heavy floor, storage and
repair
Good electrical and
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
Structural steel, concrete
panels, major jet hangars
heavy floor, craneways
Many power outlets, good
lighting & plumbing
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
siding, light roof structure extras, concrete or asphalt plumbing, power outlets
floor
Space heaters
Average
Frame and stucco or
siding, light and medium
aircraft hangars
Small office, few
partitions, concrete floor
restroom
Space heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Steel frame, steel siding,
extras, concrete or asphalt plumbing, power outlets
floor
Space heaters
Average
light and medium aircraft
hangars
Small office, few
restroom
Space heaters
Good
Structural steel, steel
siding, heavy aircraft
hangars
heavy floor, storage and
repair
Good electrical and
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
steel siding, major jet
hangars
heavy floor, craneways
lighting & plumbing
Package A.C.
330 Home for the Elderly
These structures include mid- to high-rise congregate housing for the elderly. They typically consist of one or
two room suites with limited individual and common kitchen and dining areas, lounges, nursing and therapy
rooms. The better qualities may also include alarm systems. They may also include some special plumbing
fixtures.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, therapy or recreational equipment and
balconies.
313 Convalescent Hospital, for skilled nursing facilities
September 2002
4 - 79
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
60
60
B
50
50
60
60
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block or panels,
little trim
Plaster or drywall, painted Minimum lighting &
block, low cost carpet,
plumbing
vinyl composition
Hot water
Average
and glass, little
ornamentation
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, some extras
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, metal and
glass, architectural
concrete
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, vinyl
Good lighting, alarm
system, some special
plumbing fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block or panels,
little trim
Exposed block, acoustic
tile, drywall, vinyl
composition
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Hot water
Average
and glass, some
ornamentation
exposed block, carpeting,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass, architectural
concrete
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, vinyl
plumbing fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
panels, very plain
Exposed block, drywall,
vinyl composition
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, little
ornamentation
exposed block, carpeting,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extras
Hot water
Good
concrete and glass, good
design
composition, some
carpeting and ceramic tile plumbing fixtures
4 - 80
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding
Drywall, vinyl
composition
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
or siding, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Adequate lighting &
Hot water
Good
or siding, good trim
composition, some
carpeting and ceramic tile plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, little
trim
Drywall, carpet, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot water
Good
Best sandwich panels,
ornamentation
Drywall, good finish, good Good lighting, alarm
carpet and vinyl
composition
plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
331 Hospital
Designed as complete health care facilities, hospitals typically include a number of different health services
within one building or groups of buildings. Typical areas found include diagnostic, surgery, patient care,
delivery, nursery, emergency, administration, service areas and pharmacies.
The amount of actual area associated with all or some of these specific areas varies with the size of the
building and the number of people serviced by the hospital. The types of facilities available in the hospital
generally are commensurate with the overall quality of the structure.
Lower quality hospitals have a large ward area, while higher quality hospitals have a large number of private
rooms. These quality variations result in the amount of area per bed ranging between 625 and 1,700 square
feet.
Exterior finishes vary with decorative marble, granite, concrete, and metal and glass panels in the better
qualities and brick, block, and masonry veneers with very little ornamentation at the lower quality.
Plaster or drywall is found on the interiors with suspended acoustic tile ceilings. Floor finishes are commonly
ceramic, vinyl or some other type of resilient floor cover. Signal systems, special oxygen piping and
pneumatic conveyors are commonly found. They conform to the overall quality and design of the structure.
Most hospitals have complete heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems and emergency power
equipment.
The costs include Group I equipment that is installed in or attached to the building as a part of the general
contract.
Since hospitals have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617 (Complete
HVAC) for HVAC costs.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies; Group II equipment that may be installed
and becomes a part of the real property, but is typically not a part of the general contract (such as autoclaves,
September 2002
4 - 81
Occupancy Reference
permanent surgical lights and other equipment); and Group III equipment that is movable personal property
(such as furniture, fixtures, instruments, etc.).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Concrete panels, brick,
very plain, small entrance
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Signal system, adequate
vinyl composition,
lighting & plumbing
minimum detail
Average
Metal and glass, concrete, Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Signal system, oxygen
brick panels, little
vinyl and ceramic floors, piping, adequate lighting
ornamentation
linoleum
& plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
stone trim, some
ornamentation
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Marble, granite, best metal Plaster, vinyl and tile wall Oxygen, pneumatic
and glass, highly
surfaces, best ceilings and conveyor, signal, much
decorative
floors
automation
Plaster or drywall, best
enamels or vinyl walls,
Mechanicals
HVAC
Signal system, oxygen
piping, pneumatic
conveyors
Complete
HVAC.
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Concrete panels, brick,
very plain, small entrance
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Signal system, adequate
vinyl composition,
lighting & plumbing
minimum detail
Average
Metal and glass, concrete, Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Signal system, oxygen
brick, little ornamentation vinyl and ceramic floors, piping, adequate lighting
linoleum
& plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
stone trim, some
ornamentation
ceramic, vinyl floors
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Marble, granite, face
brick, highly decorative
Plaster, vinyl and tile wall Oxygen, pneumatic
surfaces, best ceilings and conveyor, signal, much
floors
automation
4 - 82
Mechanicals
HVAC
piping, pneumatic
conveyors
Complete
HVAC.
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, block, tilt-up, small Plaster or drywall,
entrance, very plain
detail
Adequate lighting &
few extras
Complete
HVAC.
Average
block, concrete, little
ornamentation
piping, adequate lighting
& plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
stone, good ornamentation enamels or vinyl walls,
ceramic, vinyl floors
piping, good lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Stone ashlar, best metal or Plaster, vinyl and tile wall Oxygen, pneumatic
concrete and glass panels surfaces, best ceilings and conveyor, signal, much
floors
automation
Complete
HVAC.
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic ceilings, vinyl or
tile floors, some ceramic
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Drywall or plaster,
extras
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
signal system
Complete
HVAC.
Average
or siding with brick or
stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
tile floors, some ceramic
Adequate lighting &
some extras
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS, good Plaster or drywall, enamel Signal system, oxygen
entrance and
or vinyl, ceramic tile and piping, good lighting &
ornamentation
vinyl floors
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Insulated panels
Metal or drywall, acoustic Minimum general hospital Complete
tile ceilings, vinyl
facilities
HVAC.
composition
332 Hotel (Obsolete)
These structures are three or more stories high, having multiple sleeping units without individual kitchen
facilities. Where the ground floor is entirely divided into stores and shops, use occupancy 353 (Retail Store)
for that floor. The quality of the hotel is determined primarily from the interior refinements. The best quality
hotels have a large amount of high-cost wall cover and floor finish in the open and public areas. Sleeping
rooms also contain high-cost wall cover as part of the interior finish. The size of the support facilities, e.g.,
September 2002
4 - 83
Occupancy Reference
restaurants, etc., is largely dependent on the size and capacity of the facility rather than the quality of the
improvements. Lobby, lounges, restaurants, ballrooms, meeting rooms, kitchens, storage facilities and office
areas are commensurate with the building class and quality chosen.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies, swimming pools, furniture, equipment
and fixtures (such as bars, counters or seating, kitchen equipment, etc.) that are not permanently attached
under the general building contract.
Use occupancy 552 (Recreational Enclosure) for pool enclosure buildings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
60
60
B
50
50
60
60
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
334 Industrial Manufacturing (Obsolete)
494 Industrial, Light Manufacturing
495 Industrial, Heavy Manufacturing
These buildings include both light and heavy manufacturing.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
50
B
45
50
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
40
40
45
45
P
35
35
40
40
335 Jail, Correctional Facility
These are buildings used for the detention of people either awaiting trial or for convicted offenders serving
sentences for law violations. They include a complete prison plant, from minimum to maximum-security
facilities, commensurate with the quality. Divided into individual cells, most jails are built of steel frame,
reinforced concrete or masonry.
Floor coverings typically include asphalt tile or vinyl tile and lower quality jails use only exposed concrete slab
floors. Interior finishes are plain, using exposed masonry or painted finishes. Lighting and plumbing are
adequate to serve both the detained and supervisory personnel.
For minimum lock-up facilities, use occupancy 489 (Jail, Police Station).
The costs include jail hardware but do not include kitchen, laundry or recreational equipment.
4 - 84
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Concrete, limestone,
granite, little
ornamentation
Painted concrete, some
plaster, acoustic tile, and
asphalt tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Concrete, limestone,
granite, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, ceramic Good lighting, plumbing
tile, acoustic tile, and
and security
asphalt tile
Excellent
Best brick, stone,
good ornamentation
Plaster, vinyl wall
coverings, acoustic tile,
terrazzo, vinyl tile
Best lighting & plumbing, Hot and
maximum security
chilled water
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, very plain
Unfinished walls and
floors, low-cost ceilings
Minimum jail plumbing
and lighting, minimum
security
Hot water
Average
Block or brick, concrete,
some ornamentation on
front
Painted walls, few
partitions, some acoustic
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Heavy stone or brick
masonry, some
ornamentation
Plaster and acoustic tile,
vinyl and ceramic floors
Good lighting & plumbing Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick, stone,
good ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, ceramic Best lighting and security, Hot and
tile, acoustic tile and vinyl good plumbing
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
slabs, some acoustic and
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for campdormitory type
Package A.C.
Good
vinyl and ceramic floors
Good lighting & plumbing Heat pump
system
September 2002
4 - 85
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Best siding, EIFS, face
brick or stone veneer,
good entrance
Plaster or drywall, ceramic Best lighting and security, Warm and
tile, acoustic tile and vinyl good plumbing for
cool air
detention housing
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered sandwich
panels, metal liner
Metal walls, acoustic tile
or liner panel ceiling,
slabs, some asphalt tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for campdormitory type
Package A.C.
336 Laundromat
These are structures built to hold automatic self-service washers, dryers and dry cleaning machines. Included
in the costs are plumbing and electrical facilities to operate washers and dryers. Generally, these are open
buildings with very little interior partitioning and some countertop area. Floors are commonly resilient tile,
and ceilings are acoustical tile. Interiors are plain, with either painted plaster or drywall.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs and laundry or cleaning machinery.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
45
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
40
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Plaster or drywall,
storefront
composition tile
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting, outlets
and plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stucco or siding, plain
storefront
Plaster, acoustic tile, little
composition
Necessary electrical and
plumbing outlets
Space heaters
4 - 86
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
lined, plain front, little
ornamentation
Acoustic tile, vinyl
composition
plumbing outlets
Space heaters
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
plumbing outlets
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Insulated panels, little
ornamentation, plain front composition
337 Library, Public
This occupancy refers to structures used to provide books and services to meet the reading and research needs
of a community. Variations can be found in the design, due primarily to the amount of service programs and
the amount of people serviced by the library.
Typically, libraries can be subdivided into a number of different sections. Each library may not have all
segments due to its design characteristics and services offered.
Commonly, there are control areas, staff work areas, reading areas, collection areas and restrooms in most
libraries. The better quality libraries may have, in addition to the sections specified, study cubicles,
conference/meeting rooms, audiovisual facilities and various processing, cataloging and exhibiting areas.
Exteriors have special features and designs in the better qualities that include marble, special veneers, ornate
entries, and metal and glass panels. Lower qualities are plain with little, if any, ornamentation.
Interiors of the better quality libraries are very similar to those found in large cities. They frequently have
plaster or drywall finish with wallpaper or paneling, carpet, vinyl or terrazzo on the floor and high-cost
lighting.
At the average quality level are small college or city libraries and some branch libraries. Lower cost buildings
are typically very plain small branch libraries.
The following are not included in the costs: Cabinets, counters, reader tables, book stacks and seating.
For school libraries, use occupancy 360 (Library, Media Center) or 372 (Library, College).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
September 2002
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
45
50
50
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
4 - 87
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
glass, limestone,
architectural concrete
Plaster or drywall,
terrazzo and vinyl tile,
typical main library
High-level lighting, TV
circuits, adequate
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Special architecture, metal Plaster, carpeting, vinyl,
and glass, marble, face
typical university or large
brick, stone
city
High-level lighting, audio
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
glass, limestone,
Plaster or drywall,
terrazzo and vinyl tile,
typical main library
circuits, adequate
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Special architecture, metal Plaster, carpeting, vinyl,
and glass, face brick,
typical university or large
stone, concrete
city
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
ornamentation
Painted masonry, few
asphalt tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
block, metal and glass,
some trim
composition, typical good
neighborhood branch
Good lighting, adequate
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
glass, limestone,
composition, typical
college or small city
High-level lighting, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Special architecture, metal Best plaster, carpeting,
vinyl, typical university or visual wiring, good
stone, concrete
large city
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim, residential type
windows
Drywall, asphalt tile, few
extras
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
asphalt tile, typical small
branch library
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
High level lighting, good
Warm and
4 - 88
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
glass, EIFS, good entrance composition, typical good
and ornamentation
branch library
Excellent
Mechanicals
HVAC
plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Special architecture, best Best plaster, carpeting,
High level lighting, audio
masonry veneer, metal and vinyl, typical university or visual wiring, good
glass
large city
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
fully lined and insulated
extras
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, light
insulation, plywood or
gypsum interior
extras
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Metal panels, gypsum or
metal interior, insulated,
some trim
asphalt tile, typical small
branch library
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
veneer and good
fenestration
Drywall or plaster walls
and ceiling, good branch
library
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
338 Loft
These are light industrial buildings usually designed for multiple occupancy by relatively small space users,
typical of the older mid-rise structures found in downtown garment or jewelry districts. Due to display areas,
extra partitioning and plumbing in the higher qualities, they are intermediate buildings between industrial and
office construction. They can also be a single tenancy structure with mixed functions, such as a publishing
operation with district office, production, storage and distribution facilities all under one roof.
Ceilings may be acoustical or painted drywall. The higher qualities have a large amount of office and good
display areas and floor coverings. Average quality lofts are more open with little detail associated with the
displays. The lower qualities provide minimum shop, office and restroom facilities per space user.
For modern low-rise mall structures, including Class P buildings, use occupancy 453 (Industrial Flex
Building).
September 2002
4 - 89
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
55
60
B
50
55
55
60
C
40
50
50
55
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
P
-----
M
40
50
50
55
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost brick, structural Painted walls, large open
tile, block, concrete panels areas, office and display
rooms
Incandescent or cheap
fluorescent, minimum
plumbing
Steam
Average
Painted walls and ceilings, Fluorescent lighting, many Hot water
panels, low-cost metal and few partitions, office and outlets, adequate plumbing
glass
display rooms
Good
Face brick, metal panels, Drywall or plaster,
good glass, ornamentation finished floors, good
display rooms and offices
Excellent
Good curtain walls, good
brick and glass, with
ornamentation
Good lighting, many
Package A.C.
Plaster, acoustic ceilings, Fluorescent lighting, many Warm and
finished floor, much office outlets, good plumbing
cool air
space
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost brick, concrete
block, tilt-up
Minimum finish and
detail, small office or
display areas
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
load-bearing walls or
frame
Gypsum board, finished
floors, display areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Masonry or concrete, some Plaster, finished floors,
ornamentation, steel frame good display rooms and
detail
Fluorescent lighting,
adequate restrooms and
plumbing
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood studs and stucco or
wood siding, very plain
Minimum finish and
display areas
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood studs, stucco,
siding, adequate windows
Drywall or plaster,
finished floors, office and
display areas
Incandescent or cheap
fluorescent, adequate
plumbing
Package A.C.
4 - 90
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Mill-type frame, heavy
brick walls, wood trusses
Painted walls and ceilings, Adequate lighting &
few partitions, office and plumbing
display areas
Steam
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel frame, transite or
steel siding
Drywall or plaster, slab
floors, office and display
areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
339 Lumber Storage Shed, Horizontal
Horizontal lumber storage buildings are generally designed as a shed with an open front and only three
exterior walls. These wood framed structures have wood, metal or plaster (stucco) exterior wall finishes.
Floors are unfinished with the quantity of the racks varying with the quality of the structure.
The costs include storage racks.
For this occupancy, which may have one or more open sides, you should always enter the actual walled
perimeter. If the shape option is used, the program calculates perimeter based on a three-sided structure.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
15
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
20
S
15
15
20
20
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Open front, low-cost board Unfinished, asphalt or dirt None
siding, light exposed
floor, minimum racks
frame
None
Average
Open front, good wood or
stucco on wood frame
Unfinished, asphalt floor,
average racks
None
Good
Open front, some doors,
good wood or stucco on
wood frame
Unfinished, light concrete Few lights on front
or asphalt floor, good
racks
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
None
HVAC
None
4 - 91
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, metal on pole
frame
Unfinished, asphalt or dirt None
None
Average
frame
average racks
None
Good
good steel siding on pole
frame
racks
None
HVAC
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Open front, low-cost steel
siding, light frame
Unfinished, asphalt or dirt None
None
Average
Open front, steel siding,
steel frame
average racks
None
Good
good steel siding on steel
frame
racks
None
None
340 Market
These are retail food stores that often handle limited lines of other merchandise. Items generally classed as
real property are included in the costs (e.g., built-in refrigerators, cold rooms and ancillary cooling
equipment). Items classed as personal property or trade fixtures are not included in the costs.
In this occupancy, 75 to 80 percent of the total store is devoted to space for display with the remainder of the
floor space being utilized for storage, pre-packaging areas and coolers.
The following are not included in the costs: Display cases, fronts, freezers and coolers, furnishings and other
display trade fixtures.
The following are other market occupancies:
419 Convenience Market
446 Supermarket
531 Mini-Mart Convenience Store
533 Warehouse Food Store
586 Roadside Market
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 92
A
35
40
40
45
B
35
40
40
45
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
September 2002
Class A (Fireproof Structural Steel Frame):and Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Plaster or drywall,
glass, small front
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate market lighting
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Cheap brick, block, tilt-up, Painted walls, part
pilasters or light frame
acoustic tile, exposed
rafters, minimum
partitions
Minimum food store
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
glulam, medium steel, or
pilasters
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Package A.C.
Good
Brick, good tilt-up, heavy
steel or glulam frame
rubber or vinyl
Good lighting, plumbing
for butchers, snack bar,
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Individual design, heavy
frame, ornamental front
good terrazzo, rubber tile, fixtures and plumbing
carpet
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Siding or stucco, small
front
Some finish, very few
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Plaster or drywall,
some trim, metal and glass acoustic tile, vinyl
front
and outlets, small
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Brick veneer or good
siding, good frame and
front
rubber or vinyl
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best veneer or siding,
highly ornamental front
carpet
throughout
September 2002
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 93
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
small front
Painted walls, part
rafters, minimum
partitions
Minimum food store
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
little trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, small front
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
trim
Few partitions, acoustic,
vinyl tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Plaster, acoustic tile,
pre-engineered frame,
rubber or vinyl
good front
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
341 Medical Office
These are buildings designed for medical and/or dental services with examination and outpatient treatment.
They include a reception/lobby area as well as individual rooms.
Floor finishes are carpet or resilient flooring. Ceilings are acoustic tile and may be on a suspended system.
Most utilize high-intensity fluorescent lighting with the better qualities also having x-ray capabilities and
built-in cabinetry.
Individual treatment rooms may have plumbing and sinks. Restrooms are adequate to service the amount of
personnel working in the building.
The following are not included in the costs: X-ray equipment, autoclaves, office equipment, permanent
examination lights and other medical equipment.
For small dental offices or clinics, use occupancy 444 (Dental Office/Clinic).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 94
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, concrete block, very Low-cost finishes and
plain, small lobby
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
Package A.C.
Average
Metal and glass, brick or
concrete panels
Plaster or dry wall,
composition floors
Adequate lighting, power, Warm and
and plumbing, X-ray
cool air
rooms
(zoned)
Good
Good metal and solar
glass, face brick, concrete
and glass
Good plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, carpeting,
vinyl composition
High-intensity lighting, X- Hot and
ray outlets, good
chilled water
plumbing, lab
(zoned)
Excellent
Best metal, brick or block
backup, solar glass
Acoustic plaster, good
veneers, vinyl wall
coverings, carpet, vinyl
Luminous ceilings, power
and X-ray outlets, best
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick, concrete block, lift
slab, very plain, small
lobby
Low-cost finishes and
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
Package A.C.
Average
Metal and glass, brick or
concrete panels
Drywall or plaster,
composition floors
Adequate lighting, power, Warm and
and plumbing, X-ray
cool air
rooms
(zoned)
Good
good brick, concrete
panels
High-intensity lighting, X- Hot and
acoustic tile, carpeting and ray outlets, good
chilled water
vinyl composition
plumbing, lab
(zoned)
Excellent
Best metal, brick or block
backup, solar glass
Acoustic plaster, good
veneers, vinyl wall
coverings, carpet, vinyl
and X-ray outlets, best
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Masonry bearing walls,
light rafters, very plain
Paint, cheap partitions,
acoustic tile, asphalt tile
Minimum lighting and
Forced air
Average
Steel or concrete frame or
bearing walls, some trim
Plaster, drywall partitions, Adequate lighting and
outlets, adequate
composition
plumbing, lab
Good
Steel frame, masonry, best Plaster or drywall, good
concrete panels,
ornamentation
carpet and vinyl
Excellent
Steel frame, masonry and
glass, ornamentation, top
September 2002
Package A.C.
X-ray rooms, good
cool air
plumbing, lab
(zoned)
Acoustic plaster, paneling, Fluorescent panels, air
Hot and
carpet and vinyl tile, many piping, X-ray rooms, good chilled water
4 - 95
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
quality
soundproof rooms
plumbing
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Light stucco or siding on
wood or steel studs, very
plain
Forced air
Drywall, cheap partitions, Minimum lighting and
Average
Stucco or wood siding on
wood or steel studs, some
trim
low-cost carpet or vinyl
composition
Good
Best stucco on good frame, Plaster or drywall, good
good brick or stone trim
carpet and vinyl
Excellent
Studs or steel columns, bar Best plaster, paneling,
Fluorescent panels, air
Warm and
or web joists, brick or
carpet and vinyl tile, many piping, X-ray rooms, good cool air
stone veneer, EIFS
soundproof rooms
plumbing
(zoned)
Package A.C.
X-ray rooms, good
cool air
plumbing, lab
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
little trim
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel or aluminum on
light frame, finished
interior, some insulation
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
Average
Insulated wall or sandwich Drywall or plaster,
panels, adequate
fenestration
composition floors
Good
Good sandwich panels and Good plaster or drywall,
High-intensity lighting, X- Warm and
fenestration, some brick or acoustic tile, carpeting and ray outlets, good
cool air
stone
vinyl
plumbing, lab
(zoned)
Adequate lighting, power, Package A.C.
and plumbing, X-ray
rooms
342 Mortuary
These buildings include the chapel, stained glass windows and laboratories commensurate with the overall
quality. Most have combined heating and cooling systems. Plaster and drywall are used on the interior with
hardwood, carpet or resilient flooring. Adequate plumbing and lighting is used throughout. Generally, the
better funeral homes may include some living area. Vehicular garages should be priced separately.
The following are not included in the costs: Mortuary or kitchen equipment.
4 - 96
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
45
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
45
45
50
S
35
45
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Face brick, stone time,
Plaster or drywall,
austere front and entrance hardwood, carpet, good
finishes and detail
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, laboratory,
incinerator
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Ashlar and face brick,
architecture
hardwood, slate, good
detail and millwork
Good electrical/plumbing
fixtures, tiled restrooms,
lab
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or low-cost brick
Plain, minimum service
functions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, some trim, Exposed block, plaster or
good entrance and drive
drywall, carpet, acoustic
ceiling, hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, laboratory
Package A.C.
Good
Face brick, some trim,
good exterior detail
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood or carpet, good
décor
Good electrical/plumbing, Heat pump
tiled restrooms, lab
system
Excellent
Stone, face brick, highly
ornamental
Plaster, terrazzo, carpet,
hardwood, good detail and fixtures, tiled restrooms,
millwork
lab
Warm and
cool air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
functions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Stucco or siding, some
trim, good entrance and
drive
hardwood, vinyl
composition, acoustic
ceiling
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
September 2002
4 - 97
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Best stucco or siding with
brick trim, brick veneer
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood or carpet, good
detail and decor
fixtures, tiled restrooms,
lab
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Stone or face brick veneer, Plaster, terrazzo, carpet,
highly ornamental
hardwood, good detail and fixtures, tiled restrooms,
millwork
lab
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
finished inside, very plain
functions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, small lab
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall, finished
interior
functions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Insulated sandwich panels Drywall, carpet, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
343 Motel
These buildings are three stories or less, and consist mainly of sleeping units without kitchens. Motels also
include offices, lobby, and some coffee shop or restaurant and meeting rooms commensurate with the size and
the quality of the facility. For Class A or B structures, use one of the Hotel occupancies, 594 (Hotel, Full
Service) or 595 (Hotel, Limited Service). Where large restaurants, convention halls, etc. are connected with a
motel, these should be priced separately. Separate guest sleeping rooms can be priced using the following
occupancies:
540
541
542
543
544
Motel Office-Apartment
These structures are built of either masonry or wood frame construction. Interiors are of plaster or drywall
with wall coverings. Paneling and wallpaper are included in the better qualities in the common areas and
sleeping rooms.
Bath areas have ceramic tile on the floors and walls and some counters. Floor coverings in the common areas
are, in most cases, carpet with some resilient flooring found in the kitchen, storage and work areas.
Front elevations have some glass or storefront-type entries.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies, furnishings, signs and service or kitchen
equipment, pools or other yard improvements.
Use occupancy 552 (Recreational Enclosure) for pool enclosures.
4 - 98
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
Cheap block, no trim
Minimum finish, very
plain
Minimum code throughout Electric wall
heater
Low
Concrete block, small
office, outside entries
Painted walls, carpet,
vinyl composition tile,
budget rooms
Minimum code, low-cost
fixtures
Wall furnace
Fair
Block or brick, standard
front, small lobby,
vending area
suites, no food services
Standard fixtures, guest
laundry, small lobby
restrooms
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Common brick or block,
little ornamentation,
commercial style
Painted block, drywall,
few extras, carpet, vinyl
composition, hospitality
room
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, TV circuits,
some good fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick and stone trim, large Plaster/drywall and paint, Some good suites, lighting Warm and
glass areas, typical better good carpet, some built-in & plumbing fixtures, TV cool air
chain motel
extras, support services
circuits
Excellent
and glass panels, highly
decorative
Plaster & vinyl finishes,
Good lighting, many
good carpet, built-in
outlets, good plumbing,
luxury items, good support TV and FM circuits
services
HVAC
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
Cheap siding, no trim
plain
heater
Low
office, outside entries
composition tile, budget
rooms
fixtures
Wall furnace
Fair
Siding or stucco, standard Drywall, carpet, vinyl
front, small lobby,
vending area
restrooms
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
September 2002
HVAC
4 - 99
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Good stucco and siding,
commercial style
Drywall or plaster, few
extras, carpet, vinyl
composition, breakfast
hospitality room
Adequate lighting &
some good fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick and stone trim, large Plaster/drywall and paint, Some good suites, lighting Warm and
glass areas, typical better good carpet, some built-in & plumbing fixtures, TV cool air
chain motel
circuits
Excellent
Face brick, stone veneer,
highly decorative
Plaster & vinyl finishes,
Good lighting, many
good carpet, built-in
luxury items, good support TV and FM circuits
services
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Insulated panels, some
ornamentation
hospitality room
Adequate lighting &
some good fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
344 Office Building
These buildings are designed for commercial occupancies and are normally subdivided into smaller units for
tenant use. The interior finish may have plaster or drywall and, depending on the quality, utilize glass and
special wall covering.
Floor finishes are carpet, terrazzo or vinyl. Ceiling finishes vary with the quality. Luminous ceilings and
high intensity fluorescent lighting are found in the better qualities.
In the restrooms, both the number and quality of fixtures generally correspond to the quality of the building.
Typically, floor finishes in the restroom areas are ceramic tile. At all quality levels, metal partitions and
commercial plumbing fixtures can be found.
Most offices have a combined heating and cooling system while the lower cost structures have heating only.
The following are not included in the costs: Signs and office furnishings or equipment.
492 Shell, Office Building
993 Interior Space, Office Building
The following are other office occupancies:
597 Mixed Retail with Office Units
544 Office-Apartment (Motel)
554 Shed Office Structure
491 Government Community Service Building
599 Relocatable Offices
4 - 100
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
45
50
50
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Minimum-cost walls and
fenestration, little trim
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Minimum office lighting
asphalt tile, few partitions & plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
and glass panels, little
trim
Average partitions,
composition, some extras
Average intensity
fluorescent lighting,
average restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass, face brick, precast
concrete panels
Drywall or plaster, some
wall cover, acoustic tile,
vinyl tile, carpet
Good fluorescent, high
intensity lighting, good
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Best metal or stone, brick
or block backup, solar
glass
Plaster, best veneers, vinyl Luminous ceilings, many
wall coverings, vinyl,
outlets, many private
terrazzo, carpet
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
HVAC
Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Minimum office lighting
asphalt tile, few partitions & plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
trim
Average partitions,
composition, some extras
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
concrete panels
Drywall/plaster, some wall Good fluorescent, high
cover, acoustic tile, vinyl intensity lighting, good
tile, carpet
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
or block backup, tinted
glass
Plaster, best veneers, vinyl Luminous ceilings, many
wall coverings, vinyl tile, outlets, many private
terrazzo
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Average intensity
average restrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Paint, few low-cost
asphalt tile
Minimum office lighting
& plumbing
Wall furnace
September 2002
4 - 101
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Steel or concrete frame, or Paint, drywall partitions,
bearing walls, some trim acoustic tile, vinyl
composition
adequate outlets and
plumbing
Forced air
Good
walls, brick/ conc. panels,
some ornamentation
good restrooms and
fixtures
Excellent
Steel frame, masonry and Plaster, paneling, carpet
glass, stone
and terrazzo, suspended
ornamentation, top quality ceilings
carpet and vinyl
Best fluorescent ceiling
panels, tiled restrooms,
good fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
wood or steel studs, very
plain
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
trim
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good
Best stucco on good frame, Plaster or drywall, good
brick or stone trim, good partitions, acoustic tile,
front
carpet and vinyl
good restrooms and
fixtures
Excellent
Studs or steel columns, bar Best plaster, paneling,
carpet and vinyl tile
stone veneer, EIFS
Fluorescent panels, many
outlets, good tiled
restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, finished
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good
Good metal panels,
fenestration, some brick or partitions, acoustic tile,
stone trim
carpet and vinyl
good restrooms and
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel or aluminum on
light frame, finished
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
4 - 102
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Insulated wall or sandwich Drywall, acoustic tile,
panels, adequate
fenestration
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Good sandwich panels and Plaster or drywall, good
fenestration, some brick or partitions, acoustic tile,
stone
carpet and vinyl
good restrooms and
fixtures
345 Parking Structure
Built above grade, these structures are designed for live load storage of autos. They commonly have either no
exterior walls or partial exterior walls and are usually Class A or B buildings, and in some cases Class S.
While the lower quality structures do not have office area, the better qualities have some small office and
service areas. There is low-level lighting and adequate plumbing for office restrooms and service areas.
The quality of these structures can be influenced by their design characteristics. Ramp designs vary from
separate and exclusive ramps, which separate the travel and the parking/unparking operations, to continuous
sloping floor or adjacent ramp, which have both the travel and parking operations integrated within the same
space. The determination of the type of ramp used is based on the site's shape and dimensions and the parking
demand characteristics.
The following are not included in the costs: Pedestrian bridges, signs and parking or service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Partial walls, brick, block, Unfinished, small office
concrete, little trim
and service area
Low-level lighting, drains, None
minimum restroom for
office
Good
Partial walls, brick or
concrete, ornamentation
Reading-level lighting,
restrooms and service
plumbing
September 2002
Interior Finish
Unfinished, except good
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
4 - 103
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low parapets, precast
frame and floors,
minimum finish
Unfinished, minimum
extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
None
Average
Partial walls, brick, block, Unfinished, small office
concrete, plain finish
and service area
Low-level lighting, drains, None
minimum restroom for
office
Good
Partial walls, brick or
concrete, ornamentation
Unfinished, except good
plumbing
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Demountable type,
Unfinished, no extras
exposed steel frame, cable
rails
Low
Demountable type,
exposed steel frame
Minimum lighting, drains None
only
Unfinished, some masonry Low-level lighting, drains, None
shear walls, minimum
minimum personnel
extras
plumbing
346 Post Office (Obsolete)
This occupancy is obsolete. Use one of the following occupancies available in Commercial Estimator instead:
581 (Post Office, Main)
582 (Post Office, Branch)
These buildings are usually built under lease agreements with the Federal Government Postal Department.
The exteriors vary, but generally include some ornamentation even at the low quality levels. Interiors are
plaster or drywall. The most common floor finishes are vinyl composition, terrazzo or pavers.
A post office commonly has workspace, lobby, office, restrooms, directory, loading area and mechanical
rooms. The area associated with each of these segments varies due to overall size of the building and the
community served. The better quality levels also include some security wiring.
The following are not included in the costs: Material handling equipment, dock levelers, signs and
furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 104
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
September 2002
347 Poultry House (Obsolete)
570 Poultry House, Cage Operation, 1 Story Elevated
567 Poultry House, Cage Operation, 2 Story
474 Poultry House, Cage Operation
These are complete environmental buildings designed for the care and housing of fowl. The lower qualities
are the floor operation, while the better qualities are for the cage operation. Quality is influenced by roof
systems, the amount and character of the windows, floor systems (e.g., slab with drains, slab without drains,
wood, or dirt), the amount of interior finish, and the lighting and plumbing systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Racks, cages, incubators and other special equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
20
25
30
D
15
15
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
25
S
15
15
20
25
W
-----
348 Rectory
These are residential type buildings, including rooming houses and convents, with some additional plumbing
and kitchen facilities for the number of unrelated occupants. The better qualities may be divided into suites
with individual baths, and have interiors with plaster or drywall, paneling, carpet and resilient flooring, and
may include small office, meeting and/or chapel rooms.
Average quality rectories generally have one bath per two bedrooms and some entrance ornamentation. Lower
qualities are plain with minimum electrical and plumbing.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, appliances, fireplaces, balconies, or any yard
improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
4 - 105
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete block and stucco Drywall, some carpet,
asphalt tile
Minimum quantity and
quality
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, some trim
and entrance
ornamentation
hardwood, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, one bath per
two bedrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Face brick, stucco, stone
architecture
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, carpet or
hardwood and sheet vinyl
Individual baths, large
kitchen, good electrical
fixtures
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, stained glass,
special architecture and
trim
Fine interior detail,
ceramic tile, carpet,
Good fixtures, many
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, some carpet,
asphalt tile
quality
Forced air
Average
or siding
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
and architecture
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, carpet or
fixtures
Heat pump
system
Excellent
architecture
Good fixtures, many
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
349 Fast Food Restaurant
These structures have limited consumption or dining area in relation to the preparation area. Drive-up
windows commensurate with the quality are included. The average fast food restaurant normally includes
some outer roof overhang, but no large separate canopies and carports. The lower qualities are built to
minimum building and health codes. The median area for a fast food restaurant is 3,150 square feet with a
range of 1,375 to 4,250 square feet. The seating space is normally less than 45 percent of the total area.
These buildings have suitable office space and restroom facilities. For buildings with larger dining/play areas,
use occupancy 350 (Restaurant).
Since fast food restaurants have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617
(Complete HVAC) for HVAC costs.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies, kitchen equipment, restaurant fixtures, furniture and
signs.
For snack bars, use occupancy 529 (Snack Bar).
4 - 106
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
35
35
35
40
B
35
35
35
40
C
30
30
30
35
D
30
30
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick or concrete, usually
part of a building
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, ceramic,
carpet or vinyl
composition
Complete
outlets, adequate plumbing HVAC.
Good
Concrete, good metal and
glass, face brick, usually
part of a building
Typically, best chain
stores, good plaster,
ceramic, pavers
throughout
Good lighting, restrooms Complete
with good fixtures and tile HVAC.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Cheap brick or block, very Low-cost preparation area, Minimum lighting and
plain, low-cost front
minimum finish, asphalt
outlets, minimum
tile
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
Brick, block, some
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Drywall, paneling,
acoustic tile, pavers, vinyl outlets, small restrooms
comp., large eating/play
area
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Brick, best block, stucco,
good storefront,
ornamentation
Typical chain and better
large stores, plaster,
ceramic, terrazzo, vinyl
tile
Good lighting and service
outlets, tiled restrooms
Complete
HVAC.
Very
Good
Face brick, good metal
and glass, good mansard,
canopy ornament
Typically better small
chain stores, plaster,
ceramic, pavers
throughout
Excellent
Individual design, highly
ornamental exterior
High-quality detail, best
ceramic, pavers, limited
seating area
Special lighting, tiled
restrooms, good fixtures
September 2002
HVAC
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 107
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap stucco or siding,
very plain construction
Low-cost preparation area, Minimum lighting and
outlets, minimum
tile
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Drywall, paneling,
area
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Stucco, siding or brick
veneer, metal and glass,
good ornamentation
Typical chain and better
tile
Complete
HVAC.
Very
Good
Face brick veneer, good
front, mansard, canopy
ornamentation
Typically better small
chain stores, plaster,
ceramic, pavers
throughout
Excellent
ornamental exterior
ceramic, pavers, limited
seating area
Special lighting, tiled
restrooms, good fixtures
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Finished interior, some
front, little ornamentation
Low-cost preparation area, Minimum lighting and
outlets, minimum
tile
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
Insulated panels, metal
and glass, some mansard,
parapet ornament
Drywall, paneling,
area
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Typical chain and better
ornamentation
tile
Excellent
Stainless steel panels, steel Good detail, acoustic,
roof, vestibule, modular
vinyl and ceramic tile,
diner
limited seating
Good electrical, plumbing Complete
and restrooms
HVAC.
Complete
HVAC.
350 Restaurant
These buildings are constructed for the preparation and service of food and beverages. They include a
combination of the following areas: Consumption, production, serving, receiving and storage, sanitation, nondining and employee, and restrooms. Good restaurants include the typical chain operation and suburban
neighborhood restaurants catering to regional trade. Average quality includes neighborhood restaurants or
4 - 108
September 2002
coffee shops or a lower priced franchise operation. They include suitable office areas and all necessary
plumbing and electrical connections for kitchen equipment.
Since restaurants have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617 (Complete
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, restaurant fixtures, furnishings and signs.
For cafeterias, use occupancy 530 (Cafeteria).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
35
40
40
45
B
35
40
40
45
C
30
35
35
40
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Plaster or drywall,
ceramic, rubber, or vinyl
composition tile
Adequate lighting outlets,
adequate plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Concrete, metal/glass or
masonry panels, usually
part of a building
Plaster with enamel &
vinyl, carpet & vinyl
flooring, decorated
interior
Good lighting and outlets, Complete
good plumbing and
HVAC.
restrooms
Excellent
metal walls, usually part
of a building
Best plaster and paneling, Special lighting fixtures
highly ornamental,
and effects, deluxe
carpeted, deluxe quality
restrooms
Complete
HVAC.
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Cheap brick or block, very Low-cost short order cafe, Minimum lighting and
outlets, minimum
tile
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Typical neighborhood
building, stock plans
restaurant, vinyl
composition, small
kitchen
outlets, small restrooms
Complete
HVAC.
Good
and glass panels,
ornamentation
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Typical chain restaurant
or coffee shop, vinyl and
ceramic floors
Mechanicals
4 - 109
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Very
Good
Individual design, brick,
good metal and glass,
ornamentation
Typically best chain
restaurants, carpeted
lounge and dining room
Good lighting/restrooms
with good-quality fixtures
and tile
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
ornamental exterior
Special lighting effects,
acoustics, carpeted, deluxe tiled restrooms, good
quality
fixtures
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain
Low-cost short order cafe, Minimum lighting &
min. finish
plumbing
Forced
air/vent.
Average
building and front, stock
plans
Typical neighborhood
restaurant, vinyl
composition, small
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Stucco or siding, metal
and glass, some
ornamentation
Typical chain restaurant
or coffee shop, vinyl and
ceramic floors
Complete
HVAC.
Very
Good
Individual design, brick
veneer, good metal and
glass, ornamentation
Typically best chain
restaurants, carpeted
lounge and dining room
Good fixtures, good
restrooms with goodquality fixtures and tile
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Individual design, highly High-quality detail, best
ornamental exterior, stone acoustics, carpeted, deluxe tiled restrooms, good
veneer
quality
fixtures
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
panels, lined and
insulated, plain front
Low-cost short order cafe, Minimum lighting and
outlets, minimum
tile
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
front
Low-cost finish, asphalt
tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced
air/vent.
Average
and glass, little
ornamentation
coffee shop, vinyl comp.,
some ceramic or pavers
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Comparable to typical
metal and glass, some
chain coffee shop, vinyl
ornamentation
and ceramic floors
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 110
September 2002
352 Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
These are three stories or less with each unit within the building having a kitchen and at least one bath. They
are designed for other than transient occupancy (permanent or semi-permanent). The best qualities have
combined heating and cooling systems. They also have plaster, paneling, good detailing in molding and trim
and high cost floor finishes.
The structures commonly are solid masonry or wood frame walls (Class C and D). Some of the special
refinements found in the better qualities include intercoms, television jacks and antennas, and at least one bath
per bedroom.
The lower qualities typically have one bath or a bath and one-half for each unit, regardless of the number of
bedrooms. The typical story height for these structures is nine feet.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances, balconies, furnishings, pools and
equipment.
587 Shell, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
987 Interior Space, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
459 Multiple Residential Units Mixed with Retail
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain, minimum
fenestration
Painted block, drywall
Minimum lighting &
partitions, low-cost carpet plumbing per code
or asphalt tile
Fair
Block/brick, standard
Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate standard
sash, little trim, shingle or vinyl composition tile
lighting & plumbing per
built-up roof
good codes
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Wall furnace
Electric
baseboard
4 - 111
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick or block, some trim, Plaster/drywall, paint,
asphalt shingle or built-up hardwood, carpet, vinyl
roof
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, phone and TV
jacks
Forced air
Good
Good brick/stucco on
block, good trim, roof
structure and roofing
Good lighting, one bath
per bedroom, TV antenna
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick, concrete/metal Good plaster and paint,
panels, best roof structure paneling, fine detail,
and roofing
hardwood, carpet
Good fixtures, many
outlets, central TV
antenna, intercoms
Warm and
cool air
Mechanicals
HVAC
composition
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall and paint, asphalt Minimum lighting &
very plain, minimum
tile and low-cost carpet
plumbing per code
fenestration
Wall furnace
Fair
Stucco or siding, standard Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate standard
sash, asphalt
shingles/built-up roof
good codes
Electric
baseboard
Average
Stucco/siding, some
ornamentation, average
code construction
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
jacks
Forced air
Good
some brick or stone trim,
good roof
painted, hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best stucco or siding,
heavy basic structure
Good plaster, paint,
paneling, fine detail,
hardwood, carpet
Good fixtures, many
outlets, central TV
antenna, intercoms
Warm and
cool air
Low
Low-cost brick, block
veneer, very plain,
minimum fenestration
Drywall and paint, asphalt Minimum lighting &
plumbing per code
Wall furnace
Fair
Brick veneer, little trim,
standard sash, asphalt
shingle or built-up roof
Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate standard
good codes
Electric
baseboard
Average
Brick veneer, some
code construction
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
jacks
Forced air
Good
Good brick veneer and
fenestration, good roof
Good plaster and drywall,
composition, carpet
Package A.C.
Masonry
Veneer
4 - 112
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
good wood or steel frame
and roof structure
Good plaster, paint,
paneling, fine detail,
hardwood, carpet
Good fixtures, many
outlets, central TV
antenna, intercoms
Warm and
cool air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, preengineered frame,
Gypsum board, vinyl
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
jacks
Forced air
Good
Good sandwich panels on
good fenestration
Gypsum board and
plastics, carpet and vinyl
composition
Package A.C.
353 Retail Store
These are one- or two-story buildings designed for retail sales and display. They usually have display and/or
decorative fronts. This occupancy includes stores occupied by secondary department stores with limited
merchandise lines, specialty shops and commercial buildings designed for a general occupancy.
The stores are usually designed with designated areas for servicing customers, employee operations,
merchandise storage, display areas, office and restroom facilities. The higher quality stores have expensive
exterior and interior finishes, large display areas, attractive storefronts and special lighting. Lower quality
structures have small displays, minimum finish and mechanical items.
319 Discount Store
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs, trade fixtures and equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
55
55
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
40
45
45
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Block and brick, concrete
panels, plain front
Very plain, acoustic tile,
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting, outlets Hot water
and plumbing fixtures
September 2002
HVAC
4 - 113
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick or concrete, average Plaster or drywall,
metal display fronts
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Brick or concrete, good
metal or stone display
front
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Warm and
tile, carpet, plain terrazzo, good restrooms and
cool air
vinyl
fixtures
(zoned)
Excellent
metal, fine display fronts
highly ornamental,
and effects, deluxe
terrazzo, carpet
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block and brick, concrete
panels, plain front
Very plain, acoustic tile,
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting,
outlets, and plumbing
fixtures
Hot water
Average
Brick or concrete, average Plaster or drywall,
metal display fronts
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
walls, fine display fronts
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Warm and
tile, carpet, plain terrazzo, good restrooms and
cool air
vinyl
fixtures
(zoned)
Excellent
metal walls, fine display
fronts
highly ornamental,
and effects, deluxe
terrazzo, carpet
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost brick, block, tilt- Painted walls, drywall or
up, low-cost front
employees’ restroom
Forced air
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Drywall/plaster, exposed
front, some ornamentation masonry, acoustic tile,
vinyl composition
outlets, small employees’
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
best tilt-up, good display
front
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
tile ceilings, carpet, vinyl adequate restrooms
tile
Excellent
Face brick, metal, fine
ornamentation and
displays
Best plaster, ornamental
ceilings, paneling,
terrazzo, carpet
4 - 114
good restrooms and
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco, siding,
very plain exterior
Drywall, cheap acoustic
tile, asphalt tile, few
partitions
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
front, little ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, little trim
Adequate store lighting,
restrooms, low cost
fixtures
Package A.C.
Good
Plaster, acoustic plaster or Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
brick veneer, good display good acoustic tile, vinyl
restrooms, standard
front, ornamentation
composition
fixtures
Excellent
Good brick or stone
veneer, good front and
entrance
Plaster, acoustic plaster or High-level lighting and
good mineral tile, carpet
and vinyl
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
lined and insulated, small
front
Drywall, cheap acoustic
tile, vinyl composition,
few partitions
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels on light
frame, finished interior,
small front
Acoustic tile, gypsum
board wall finish, vinyl
composition
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Good colored panels, little Acoustic tile, vinyl
ornamentation, plain front composition, carpet,
interior finish
restrooms, low-cost
fixtures
Package A.C.
Good
Sandwich panels, metal & Acoustic tile, vinyl
glass, ornamentation,
composition and carpet,
good display front
some trim
restrooms, standard
fixtures
355 Fine Arts and Crafts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
These fine arts buildings are designed primarily as rehearsal and work centers with large, open areas and large
window and door openings. Floor finishes vary depending on the specific use of a given area. For example,
vinyl composition tile is commonly found in the general band or fine art area while a hardened concrete
flooring can be found in some craft areas.
Portions of these buildings are designated for display and storage. Extensive electrical outlets, lighting and
plumbing are typically found.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings and movable equipment.
September 2002
4 - 115
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, vinyl,
plumbing
hardwood, craft, rehearsal
studios
Good
glass
vinyl, good music,
dramatic arts
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Minimum school lighting
& plumbing
asphalt tile, craft centers
Package A.C.
Average
Steel frame, brick, block,
concrete, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, vinyl comp., plumbing
hardwood, rehearsal stage
Heat pump
system
Good
face brick
vinyl, small studios
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel frame, face brick or
block, tile, ornamental
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, good music,
dramatic arts
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood, craft centers
Minimum school lighting
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, vinyl comp., plumbing
hardwood, rehearsal stage
4 - 116
Heat pump
system
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Steel or glulam frame and Plaster or drywall,
best stucco
Mechanicals
HVAC
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
finished inside, little trim
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl comp. or hardwood,
rehearsal stage
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some trim
rehearsal stage
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
356 Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
These buildings are subdivided into teaching units and designed primarily for academic work. Typically, the
better qualities include more windows, and better interior and exterior refinements.
furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
4 - 117
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, very plain
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Minimum school lighting
& plumbing, few extras
composition
Package A.C.
Average
Plaster or drywall,
carpet
Adequate lighting &
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, best brick, metal
and glass, highly
ornamental
enamel, carpet and vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Cheap block, tilt-up, light
roof
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
face brick
carpet
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
metal panels, tile, highly
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
& plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
4 - 118
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Good
Excellent
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
best stucco
carpet
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, enamel, glazed or
or stone veneer, metal and vinyl finishes, carpet and
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
asphalt tile
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Low
little trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Pole frame, good insulated Drywall, acoustic tile,
stone trim
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
asphalt tile
Minimum code
Wall furnace
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
panels, some trim
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
357 Commons (Elementary and Secondary School)
A commons has a diversity of uses. Although each commons varies depending on the number of students and
the space available, there are some common elements found in these occupancies: Administrative areas, food
areas, study/quiet areas and hobby/game areas.
The following are not included in the costs: Equipment used in these specialty areas, e.g., kitchen equipment
in the food areas.
September 2002
4 - 119
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and kitchen
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, varied activity
center
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, good
ornamentation
pavers, carpet, varied
recreation
Best lighting, plumbing,
food services and audio
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Minimum lighting &
asphalt tile, small game
rooms
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, carpet and
face brick
vinyl, good activity center
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel frame, stone, brick,
ornamentation
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 120
recreation
Heat pump
system
Adequate lighting,
Warm and
plumbing and kitchen and cool air
snack bars
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
Minimum lighting &
Heat pump
system
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
Warm and
snack bars
(zoned)
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, carpet and
best stucco
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim
rooms
Heat pump
system
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
trim
rooms
Heat pump
system
358 Gymnasium (Elementary and Secondary School)
These buildings are usually designed with the basketball court as the focal point. There is usually an entry
area or lobby, and there may be a storefront and large openings in the entry area. The building itself is
subdivided and includes locker/shower room facilities, some small administrative offices and miscellaneous
rooms for storage and/or meetings. They can also serve as a number of teaching stations utilizing the
spectator seating in the basketball court area.
The following are not included in the costs: Lockers, sports equipment and seating.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
September 2002
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
4 - 121
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel columns and girders, Plaster or drywall,
face brick, glass, best
basketball floor, vinyl,
ornamental block
good detail
Good
Heavy frame, best
Basketball floor, high-cost Good lighting and outlets, Heat pump
masonry walls, solar glass, finishes, many extra
system
good entrance and lobby
facilities
features
Good lighting and outlets, Heat pump
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light frame, block or tiltup, very plain
Concrete floor, some vinyl Minimum gym lighting,
composition, minimal
plumbing and shower
finish
facilities
Average
Steel or glulam, trusses or Basketball floor, showers,
girders, brick, block or
tilt-up
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, shower rooms
Good
face brick, best
ornamental block
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, good
entrance and lobby
Space heaters
Package A.C.
finishes, many extra
system
facilities
features
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Light frame, stucco or
siding, very plain
plumbing and shower
finish
facilities
Space heaters
Average
Heavy frame, trusses or
girders, good stucco or
siding, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
basketball floor, asphalt
tile, few partitions
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
Steel or glulam frame,
trusses and girders, brick
veneer, best stucco
Plaster or drywall,
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Excellent
Heavy frame, masonry
veneer walls, good
entrance and lobby
system
facilities
features
4 - 122
Mechanicals
HVAC
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
partly finished interior,
some insulation
Concrete floor, some vinyl Minimum gym lighting & Space heaters
plumbing
finish
Low
Pole frame, metal siding, Concrete floor, vinyl
finished interior, insulated composition, minimal
finish
Minimum gym lighting,
plumbing and shower
facilities
Space heaters
Average
little trim
Basketball floor, showers,
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Pre-engineered, partly
insulation
plumbing
finish
Low
interior, insulated
Concrete floor, vinyl
finish
plumbing and shower
facilities
Space heaters
Average
trim
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
359 Lecture Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
These lecture classroom buildings are designed for a large number of students and appear to be very similar to
a small auditorium. Offices and some small classrooms can also be found. Projection areas are usually a
common design feature in large classrooms.
The costs include all fixed seats, built-in bookshelves, cabinets and blackboards but do not include movable
equipment (e.g., projection equipment).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
4 - 123
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, hardwood,
stepped floor, fixed seats
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, good audio
visual wiring
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, audio visual
composition or hardwood, wiring
fixed seats
Good
face brick
carpet, stepped floor
Package A.C.
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
composition or hardwood, wiring
fixed seats
Good
best stucco
carpet, stepped floor
Package A.C.
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, some trim
vinyl composition, fixed
seats
Adequate lighting &
wiring
Package A.C.
360 Library, Media Center (Elementary and Secondary School)
This occupancy refers to structures used to provide books and services to meet the reading and media resource
needs of elementary and secondary schools. Variations can be found in the design due primarily to the amount
of service programs and the amount of students serviced by the center.
Typically, the school libraries can be subdivided into a number of different sections. Each resource center may
not have all segments due to its design characteristics and services offered.
Commonly, there are control, staff work, reading, and collection areas. The better quality libraries may have,
in addition to the sections specified, study cubicles, conference/meeting rooms, multi-media facilities and
various processing, cataloging, and exhibiting or presentation areas.
4 - 124
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
45
50
50
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, very plain
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Good lighting, adequate
plumbing and media
composition
wiring
Heat pump
system
Average
Plaster or drywall,
carpet
plumbing and media
resource wiring
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl
glass
and ceramic tile
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate lighting,
plumbing and interactive
asphalt tile
wiring
Forced air
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing and media
wiring
Package A.C.
Good
face brick
carpet
plumbing and media
resource wiring
Heat pump
system
Excellent
ornamental
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
enamel, carpet, vinyl and
ceramic tile
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
Adequate lighting,
wiring
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 125
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing and media
wiring
Package A.C.
Good
best stucco
carpet
plumbing and media
resource wiring
Heat pump
system
Excellent
or stone veneer, metal and vinyl finishes, carpet,
glass, ornamental
vinyl and tile
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim
asphalt tile
wiring
Forced air
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition
plumbing and media
wiring
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
asphalt tile
wiring
Forced air
Average
panels, some trim
vinyl composition
plumbing and media
wiring
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
plumbing and media
resource wiring
Heat pump
system
361 Manual Arts Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
These are buildings with large rooms used primarily for specialized education and vocational training. They
are built of masonry, wood frame or pre-engineered steel. The walls are painted with some drywall and
acoustic tile ceilings. Good lighting and many outlets can be found.
The buildings, when divided, have some classroom/lecture stations and work areas. Cost includes all
necessary components but not the power wiring or equipment that may be found. The overall division of the
building separates the various training specialties that may include woodworking, graphic arts, electrical,
metal, machine and automotive.
4 - 126
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate lighting, many Forced air
or exposed ceilings, some outlets, adequate plumbing
asphalt tile
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, good slab,
hardwood or vinyl
composition
good plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Painted walls, some
ceiling and floor finish,
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Painted walls, acoustic tile Good lighting, many
Forced air
or drywall ceilings, some outlets, adequate plumbing
walls, brick block,
concrete panels, some trim asphalt tile
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, vinyl
face brick
composition, carpet, good
slab
and outlets, good
plumbing
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, very plain,
industrial sash
some floor finish, sealed
slab
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster, acoustic tile or
drywall ceiling, some
asphalt tile
Good lighting, many
Forced air
Good
joists, brick veneer, best
stucco
slab
September 2002
and outlets, good
plumbing
Package A.C.
4 - 127
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
primarily exposed
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
insulation
Forced air
or drywall ceiling, some
asphalt tile
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pre-engineered, light
frame, primarily exposed
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
insulation
Forced air
asphalt tile
362 Multipurpose Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
These buildings are designed for large audience and participation groups. They may include combinations of
uses within the same building, i.e., gymnasium and auditorium or cafeteria, plus offices and other rooms.
They can be designed to accommodate two or more group activities at the same time with the better qualities
having a small stage.
The following are not included in the costs: Fixed seating and cafeteria or kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, small stage
Adequate lighting &
Heat pump
system
Good
glass
vinyl, stage, some extras
good plumbing, kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 128
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Wall furnace
Average
concrete, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, hardwood,
small stage
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
Good
face brick
vinyl, stage
Package A.C.
Excellent
Steel frame, best masonry
walls, highly ornamental
Plaster, acoustic tile, good Good lighting &
wood floor, stage, good
plumbing, kitchen, tiled
detail
surfaces
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
asphalt tile linoleum or
wood floors
& plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
small stage
Good
best stucco
vinyl, stage
Forced air
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Wall furnace
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition or
hardwood, small stage
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
September 2002
Wall furnace
4 - 129
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, some trim
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
363 Physical Education Building (Elementary and Secondary School)
This building supplements the use of the gymnasium and includes classrooms that serve as instructional areas
for athletic activities. There are also large areas that can be utilized for other uses such as intramural sports,
demonstrations, exhibitions and informal recreation.
The costs include all built-in cabinetry but do not include movable equipment, lockers and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel columns and girders, Intramural and
face brick, best
competitive sports venues, showers and restrooms
system
ornamental block
good teaching facilities
Good
Good frame, face brick,
stone, concrete or metal
panels, solar glass
Good exhibition floors,
varied sports and teaching good plumbing, extra
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost finishes,
minimal sports facilities,
synthetic flooring
Minimum sports lighting
& plumbing, adequate
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
Steel or glulam, trusses or Multisport floors, cogirders, brick, block or
recreation/sports/teaching
tilt-up
activities, some courts
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, locker rooms,
good classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
face brick, best
system
ornamental block
4 - 130
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, spectator
entrance and lobby
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, very plain
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
siding, little trim
Multisport floors, corecreation/sports/teaching
Adequate lighting &
good classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
veneer, best stucco
Intramural and
system
Excellent
veneer walls, spectator
entrance and lobby
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
finished interior,
insulation
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
little trim
Adequate lighting &
good classrooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
trim
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, locker rooms
and classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Intramural and
system
September 2002
4 - 131
Occupancy Reference
364 Science Classrooms (Elementary and Secondary School)
These laboratory classroom buildings include areas for lectures, demonstrations, audiovisual presentations,
laboratory work and study. Typically, there is also an area designated for storage of materials and equipment.
The laboratories have both AC and DC variable voltage and plumbing in the work areas.
The costs do not include lab equipment.
Marshall Valuation Service sections: 18 and 48 (Laboratory).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, workstations, plumbing, some extras
good demonstration areas
Good
acoustic tile, good
glass
workstations, lecture,
support rooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
good lab plumbing, extra
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
adequate work,
demonstration areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, good
face brick
workstations, lecture area
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel frame, face brick or
block, tile, ornamental
Good lighting &
Warm and
plumbing, piped gases, air cool air
and pure water
(zoned)
4 - 132
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, good
workstations, lecture,
support rooms
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
adequate work,
demonstration areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, good
best stucco
workstations, lecture area
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
Adequate lighting &
vinyl comp., adequate
plumbing
work, demonstration areas
Package A.C.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
panels, some trim
Adequate lighting &
vinyl comp., adequate
plumbing
work, demonstration areas
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone
good workstations, lecture good lab plumbing, extra
area
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
365 Entire Elementary School
This occupancy includes the entire school facility serving kindergarten-first grade through fifth or sixth grade.
There is a mixture of classrooms, multipurpose buildings, administrative offices, etc. The schools may consist
of one building or several separate buildings.
The following are not included in the costs: Swimming pools, movable furnishings or equipment, exterior
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
4 - 133
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
or metal panels, glass
vinyl
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl
face brick
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
metal panels, tile
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
& plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl
best stucco
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 134
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
finished interior,
insulated, little trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
some trim
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
366 Entire Junior High School
This occupancy includes the entire school facility covering sixth or seventh grade through eighth or ninth
grade. There is a mixture of classrooms, multipurpose buildings, administrative offices, etc. The schools may
consist of one building or several separate buildings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 135
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Good
Excellent
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
glass
vinyl
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
and glass, highly
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl
visual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
face brick
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
metal panels, tile,
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
4 - 136
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Good
Excellent
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
best stucco
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
little trim
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
367 Arts and Crafts Building (College)
These buildings are designed primarily as work and rehearsal centers with large, open areas and large window
and door openings. Floor finishes vary depending on the specific use of a given area. For example, vinyl
composition tile is commonly found in the general and fine arts area while a hardened concrete flooring can be
found in the ceramics area. The best qualities include well-appointed performance or concert halls for
dramatic arts and music.
Portions of these buildings are designated for display and storage. Extensive electrical outlets, lighting and
plumbing are typically found.
September 2002
4 - 137
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
good block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT, crafts,
limited rehearsal facility
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl,
hardwood, rehearsal
rooms, studios
Adequate lighting &
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl, good music,
dramatic arts
and sound, extra features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry, special
Acoustical design,
performance and practice
halls, good studios
High-quality lighting and
sound, good plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plumbing
asphalt tile, craft studios
Heat pump
system
Average
concrete, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl comp.,
hardwood, rehearsal
stages
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
face brick
vinyl, small halls
good plumbing, some
extra features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamental
sound, good plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 138
Acoustical design,
performance and practice
halls, good studios
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors, craft studios
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl comp.,
hardwood, rehearsal
stages
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
best stucco
vinyl, small halls
Good fluorescent fixtures Hot and
and plumbing, some extra chilled water
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall, acoustic title,
studios, rehearsal stages
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Average
panels, some trim
studios, rehearsal stages
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
368 Classrooms (College)
These buildings are subdivided into teaching units and designed primarily for academic work. Typically, the
better qualities include more windows, and better interior and exterior refinements.
furnishings.
September 2002
4 - 139
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
panels, formed concrete,
good trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, ornamental
vinyl
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, high
ornamentation
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
good trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, ornamental
vinyl
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, high
ornamentation
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
4 - 140
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
face brick
composition
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
best stucco
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl composition
Heat pump
system
September 2002
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
4 - 141
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
and plumbing, extra
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
369 Commons (College)
A commons has a diversity of uses. Although each commons varies depending on the number of students and
the space available, there are some common elements found in these occupancies: Administrative areas, food
areas, study/quiet areas, and hobby/game areas.
The following are not included in the costs: Equipment used in these specialty areas, i.e., kitchen equipment in
the food areas or recreational equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and kitchen
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, varied activity
center
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, good
ornamentation
recreation
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
rooms
4 - 142
Heat pump
system
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
Warm and
snack bars
(zoned)
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, carpet and
face brick
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel frame, stone, brick,
ornamentation
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
recreation
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
Minimum lighting &
Heat pump
system
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
Warm and
snack bars
(zoned)
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, carpet and
best stucco
good plumbing and
kitchens
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim
rooms
Heat pump
system
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
trim
rooms
Heat pump
system
370 Gymnasium (College)
These buildings are usually designed with the basketball court as the focal point. There is usually an entry
area or lobby, and there may be a storefront and large openings in the entry area. The building itself is
subdivided and includes locker/shower room facilities, some small administrative offices and miscellaneous
rooms for storage and/or meetings. They can also serve as a number of teaching stations utilizing the
spectator seating in the basketball court area.
September 2002
4 - 143
Occupancy Reference
The building may also include auxiliary gyms and various indoor racquet courts as well as more administrative
and office areas.
The costs include all built-in cabinetry but do not include movable equipment, lockers, seating, and
furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
face brick, glass, best
ornamental block
good detail
Good
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, solar glass, finishes, many extra
system
facilities
features
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plumbing and shower
finish
facilities
Average
Steel or glulam, trusses or Basketball floor, showers,
tilt-up
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
Good
face brick, best
ornamental block
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, good
entrance and lobby
Space heaters
Package A.C.
system
facilities
features
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
siding, very plain
plumbing and shower
finish
facilities
4 - 144
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
basketball floor, asphalt
tile, few partitions
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
veneer, best stucco
Plaster or drywall,
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Excellent
veneer walls, good
entrance and lobby
system
facilities
features
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
some insulation
plumbing
finish
Low
Pole frame, metal siding, Concrete floor, vinyl
finished interior, insulated composition, minimal
finish
plumbing and shower
facilities
Space heaters
Average
little trim
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
insulation
plumbing
finish
Low
interior, insulated
Concrete floor, vinyl
finish
plumbing and shower
facilities
Space heaters
Average
trim
interior finish
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
good detail
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
371 Lecture Hall (College)
These buildings are used as classrooms for a large number of students and appear to be very similar to a small
auditorium. Offices and some small classrooms can also be found. Projection areas are usually a common
design feature in large classrooms.
September 2002
4 - 145
Occupancy Reference
The costs include all fixed seating, built-in bookshelves, cabinets and blackboards but do not include movable
equipment (e.g., projection equipment).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
hardwood, small studios
or hall
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, good audio
visual wiring
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl, main hall, fixed
seating
Good lighting, audiovisual wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition, small
studios, fixed seats
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, audio-visual
wiring
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, carpet,
face brick
hardwood, main hall,
fixed seating
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
metal panels, tile,
ornamental
Best lighting, audio-visual Hot and
wiring, good plumbing
chilled water
(zoned)
Plaster or drywall,
studios, main hall or
auditorium
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
composition, small
studios, fixed seats
Adequate lighting &
wiring
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 146
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, carpet,
best stucco
hardwood, main hall,
fixed seats
Mechanicals
HVAC
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
panels, some trim
Adequate lighting &
vinyl composition, small
studios or hall, fixed seats wiring
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
372 Library (College)
This occupancy refers to structures used to provide books and services to meet the reading and research needs
of colleges. Variations can be found in the design due primarily to the amount of service programs and the
amount of students and faculty serviced by the center.
Typically, the college libraries can be subdivided into a number of different sections. Each library may not
have all segments due to its design characteristics and services offered.
Commonly, there are control areas, staff work areas, reading areas, collection areas and restrooms in most
libraries. The better quality libraries may have, in addition to the sections specified, study cubicles,
conference/meeting rooms, audiovisual facilities and various processing, cataloging and exhibiting areas for
specialized studies, research or special collections.
Exteriors have special features and designs in the better qualities that include marble, special veneers, ornate
entries, and metal and glass panels. Lower qualities are plain with little, if any, ornamentation.
Interiors of the better quality university libraries are very similar to those found in the finest large public
facilities. Plaster or drywall finish with wallpaper or paneling, carpet, vinyl or terrazzo on the floor and highcost lighting are frequently found.
At the lower quality levels are the small college libraries that are typically very plain.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
September 2002
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
4 - 147
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
wiring and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
circuits, adequate
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass, limestone,
Plaster or drywall,
and ceramic tiles
High-level lighting, audio- Hot and
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Excellent
Special architecture, metal Acoustical design, glazed
and glass, marble, face
finishes, enamel, vinyl,
brick, stone
good media stations
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
panels, little
ornamentation
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate lighting, wiring
and plumbing
asphalt tile, few extras
Package A.C.
Average
block, metal and glass,
some trim
Plaster or drywall,
wiring and plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
glass, limestone,
Plaster or drywall,
composition
circuits, good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Special architecture, metal Plaster, glazed finishes,
enamel, carpet, vinyl,
stone, concrete
terrazzo or tile
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
asphalt tile, few extras
Adequate lighting, wiring
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Plaster or drywall,
wiring and plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Plaster or drywall,
glass, EIFS, good entrance acoustic tile, carpet, vinyl
and ornamentation
composition
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 148
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Excellent
Special architecture, best Plaster, enamel, glazed or
masonry veneer, metal and vinyl finishes, carpet,
glass
vinyl and tile
HVAC
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
Drywall, acoustic tile
ceilings, asphalt tile, few
extras
Adequate lighting, wiring
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
carpet
wiring and plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
373 Technical Trades Building (College)
These technical trades buildings have large rooms used primarily for specialized education and vocational
training. They are built of masonry, wood frame or pre-engineered steel. The walls are painted with some
drywall and acoustic tile ceilings. Good lighting and many outlets can be found.
The buildings, when divided, have some classroom/lecture stations and work areas. Cost includes all
necessary components but not the power wiring or equipment that may be found. The overall division of the
building separates the various training specialties, which may include woodworking, graphic arts, electrical,
metal, machine and automotive.
Marshall Valuation Service sections: 18 and 48 (Technical Trades Building).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
45
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate lighting, outlets
or drywall ceilings, some and plumbing
asphalt tile
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Heat pump
system
4 - 149
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, good slab,
hardwood or vinyl
composition
Good lighting, many
outlets, good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, concrete, metal Plaster or drywall, glazed
panels, EIFS, glass,
finishes, carpet, tile and
ornamental
vinyl, some lab space
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Package A.C.
walls, brick, block,
concrete panels, some trim asphalt tile
Good
Steel columns, web or
Plaster or drywall,
face brick
slab
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light frame, siding, very
plain
some flooring
Adequate lighting, little
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster, acoustic tile or
drywall ceiling, some
asphalt tile
Good lighting, many
Package A.C.
Good
stucco
slab
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal single
wall
Some ceiling and floor
finish
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
insulation
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
4 - 150
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pre-engineered, light
frame, primarily exposed
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
insulation
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
374 Multipurpose Building (College)
These buildings are designed for large audience and participation groups. They may include combinations of
uses within the same building, i.e., gymnasium-auditorium or cafeteria plus offices and other rooms. They are
designed to accommodate two or more group activities at the same time.
The following are not included in the costs: Fixed seating and cafeteria or kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, small stage
Adequate lighting &
Heat pump
system
Good
glass
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Wall furnace
Average
concrete, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
composition, hardwood,
small stage
Forced air
September 2002
Adequate lighting &
4 - 151
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
face brick
vinyl, stage
Excellent
walls, highly ornamental
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
wood floor, stage, good
plumbing, kitchen, tiled
detail
surfaces
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
asphalt tile linoleum or
wood floors
& plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
small stage
Good
best stucco
vinyl, stage
Forced air
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Wall furnace
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Wall furnace
Average
panels, some trim
Forced air
Adequate lighting &
375 Physical Education Building (College)
This building supplements the use of the gymnasium and includes classrooms that serve as instructional areas
for athletic activities. There are also large areas that can be utilized for other uses such as intramural sports,
demonstrations, exhibitions and informal recreation.
4 - 152
September 2002
The costs include all built-in cabinetry but do not include equipment, lockers and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
face brick, best
system
ornamental block
Good
panels, solar glass
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
Steel or glulam, trusses or Multisport floors, cogirders, brick, block or
recreation/sports/teaching
tilt-up
Adequate lighting &
good classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
face brick, best
system
ornamental block
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
entrance and lobby
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, very plain
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
siding, little trim
Adequate lighting &
good classrooms
Package A.C.
September 2002
4 - 153
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
veneer, best stucco
Intramural and
system
Excellent
entrance and lobby
cool air
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
finished interior,
insulation
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
little trim
Adequate lighting &
good classrooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
classrooms
Space heaters
Average
trim
Adequate lighting &
and classrooms
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Intramural and
system
376 Science Building (College)
Science buildings include areas for lectures, demonstrations, audiovisual presentations, laboratory work and
study and some administrative and stage areas. Typically, there is also an area designated for storage of
materials and equipment. The laboratories have both AC and DC variable voltage and plumbing in the work
areas.
Since science buildings have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617
The following are not included in the costs: Lab equipment.
4 - 154
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, little trim
Low cost finishes, acoustic Minimum lab lighting &
tile, VCT, plain
classrooms and offices
Complete
HVAC.
Average
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, VCT, carpet, plumbing, some extra
good teaching and support features
Complete
HVAC.
Good
glass
vinyl, good teaching and
research
good lab stations and
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
enamel, tile, many
workstations, support
facilities
Best lab plumbing and
lighting, many extras
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Minimum lab lighting &
or drywall, VCT, plain
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
acoustic tile, VCT,
plumbing and
adequate teaching, support workstations
facilities
Complete
HVAC.
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, vinyl or
face brick
carpet, teaching, good
research
Excellent
ornamental
September 2002
lab stations and plumbing
Best lab stations and
enamel, tile, carpet, vinyl, plumbing, good lighting
good support facilities
and outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 155
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
vinyl comp., plain
Minimum lab lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and
workstations
Complete
HVAC.
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, vinyl or
best stucco
carpet, teaching and
research
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, glazed finishes,
or stone veneer, metal and enamel, tile, carpet, vinyl, plumbing, good lighting
glass, ornamental
and outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
little trim
vinyl comp., plain
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
acoustic tile, VCT,
plumbing and
facilities
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
vinyl comp., plain
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
panels, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
acoustic tile, VCT,
plumbing and
facilities
Complete
HVAC.
Good
brick or stone
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl or
carpet, teaching and
research
Complete
HVAC.
377 Entire College
This occupancy includes the entire school facility. There is a mixture of classrooms, multipurpose buildings,
administrative offices, etc. The schools may consist of one building or several separate buildings. This
occupancy applies to colleges with all departments under one roof.
4 - 156
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
good trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, ornamental
vinyl
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, high
ornamentation
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
good trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, ornamental
vinyl
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, high
ornamentation
plumbing
September 2002
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 157
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Heat pump
system
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
face brick
composition
features
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
enamel carpet and vinyl
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floor
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
best stucco
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Heat pump
system
4 - 158
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
378 Stable
These are usually designed for the care and housing of horses. The better qualities have some decoration and
include brick, brick veneer or wood as the exterior finish, and merge into occupancy 559 (High-Value Stable).
Interiors have finished stalls, with restrooms, tack room and good finishes throughout. Good lighting and
water service are also included.
The lower quality stall barns use block or low cost wood finishes on the walls and low cost roof systems.
Floors may be finished only in feed and tack rooms, with the remaining floors being dirt. Stalls are not
finished and there is no lighting or plumbing.
The stable's size and the needs of the owners influence the facilities that would be included within the stable.
Commonly, the following areas can be found: Stalls or boxes, feed, tack, manure bunkers and lavatory
accommodations. The better qualities may also include a sick box, washing and cleaning room, and sitting
room for grooms.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
30
35
40
D
15
25
30
35
Class
H
15
25
30
35
M
-----
P
15
25
30
35
S
15
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Average
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete block, open stalls Rough stalls, dirt
None
None
Block, very plain, doors
on stalls
water outlets
None
September 2002
Interior Finish
Plywood wainscot in
stalls, floors in feed and
tack rooms
4 - 159
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Good brick or block, some Fin. stalls, good floors,
windows and
concrete in feed/tack rm.,
ornamentation
good quality throughout
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good lighting and water
outlets, restroom
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Boards on post and beam
Unfinished, dirt floors,
open stalls
None
None
Average
Stucco or wood siding,
little trim, good roofing
Wainscot in stalls,
concrete floors in tack and water outlets
feed rooms
None
Good
Brick veneer, best siding,
some windows,
ornamentation
T&G stalls, finished tack
and feed rooms, floors
outlets, restroom
None
Class H (Hoop Arch):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood post, pipe hoop,
fabric cover, open side
walls and ends
Unfinished, dirt floors,
open pipe stalls
None
None
Average
Wood post, knee wall,
pipe hoop frame, fabric
cover, curtains
Rough stalls, dirt floor
Minimum electrical,
adequate water
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Metal or plywood on lowcost pole, shed or low
gable
Rough stalls, dirt floor, no None
tack room, minimum
hobby stable
Low
Metal on poles, open stalls Rough stalls, dirt floor
None
None
Average
no trim, doors on stalls
Wood wainscot in stalls,
floors in feed and tack
rooms
water outlets
None
Good
some trim
Finished stalls, good
floors, good quality
throughout
outlets, restroom
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Galvanized steel, open
stalls
Rough stalls, dirt floor
None
None
4 - 160
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel siding, no trim,
doors on stalls
Plywood wainscot in
stalls, floors in feed and
tack rooms
water outlets
None
Good
Good steel panels, finished Finished stalls, good
inside, some trim
floors, good quality
throughout
outlets, restroom
None
379 Theater, Live Stage
These buildings are designed for live stage presentations and include a stage that is commensurate with the
quality of construction. Restroom and live stage dressing room facilities, entrances and suitable office and
cloakroom facilities are included. Lighting and sound systems that are commensurate with the overall quality
are also included.
The following are not included in the costs: Movable wings, movable lights, border lights, scenery, curtains
and seating.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Mechanicals
HVAC
Face brick, concrete, some Live stage, ornamental
ornamentation, good
plaster and trim,
entrance
carpeting, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting, sound
system and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, stone, marble,
ornamented entrance and
lobby
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Top design, best materials, Special finishes, acoustical High-quality specialty
highly ornamented
design, major stage
lighting, best sound, good
presentations
plumbing
September 2002
Interior Finish
Large stage, ornamental
plaster, marble trim,
carpeting, good detail
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 161
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Face brick, concrete, some Live stage, ornamental
ornamentation, good
plaster and trim,
entrance
carpeting, vinyl
composition
system and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, stone, terra
cotta, ornamented
entrance and lobby
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
highly ornamented
design, major stage
presentations
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain front and lobby,
some trim
Minimum lighting,
Forced air
Plaster or gypsum,
adequate sound, minimum
suspended ceiling,
carpeted lobby, small stage plumbing
Average
good decorative front and
lobby
Live stage, ornamental
plaster, some trim,
carpeting, vinyl
composition
Good
cotta, ornamental entrance interior, carpeting, good
and lobby
detail
Excellent
highly ornamented
design, major stage
presentations
plumbing
system and plumbing
Package A.C.
cool air
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Siding or stucco, plain
entry
small stage
Minimum live stage
facility
Forced air
Average
Stucco, some masonry
trim, decorative front and
lobby
Live stage, some
ornamentation and trim,
carpeting, vinyl
composition
system and plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Large stage, ornamental
ornamental entrance and interior, carpeting, good
lobby
detail
4 - 162
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels on pole
small entrance
vinyl composition lobby,
small stage
Minimum lighting,
Forced air
plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, finished
interior
small stage
Minimum live stage
facility
Forced air
Average
Insulated sandwich panels, Some decoration and
good storefront and trim
extras, carpet and tile, live system and plumbing
stage presentations
Package A.C.
380 Theater, Cinema
These buildings are designed for motion picture presentations. They include little or no stage area, restroom
facilities, a projection area and sound system. Projection area, lighting and sound systems that are
commensurate with the overall quality are also included.
The following are not included in the costs: Seating, projection equipment and snack bar equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Face brick, concrete, some Small stage, ornamental
ornamentation, good
plaster and trim,
entrance
carpeting, vinyl
composition
Good
Face brick, stone, marble,
ornamental entrance and
lobby
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
system and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Cinema stage, ornamental Special lighting and sound Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 163
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Face brick, concrete, some Small stage, ornamental
ornamentation, good
plaster and trim,
entrance
carpeting, vinyl
composition
system and plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Cinema stage, ornamental Special lighting and sound Warm and
cotta, ornamental entrance plaster, marble trim,
cool air
and lobby
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost block, tilt-up,
Painted masonry, very
Minimum code, sound per Forced air
very plain, acoustic sound plain, minimum multiplex screen
walls
cinema facility
Fair
panels, plain commercial
building, small entry
Plain construction, small Minimum lighting,
Package A.C.
screens, vinyl composition adequate sound, minimum
in lobby
plumbing
Average
good front and lobby,
some trim
Plaster or gypsum,
Adequate lighting, good
suspended ceiling, stepped sound and plumbing
floor, carpeted lobby
Package A.C.
Good
lobby
Some stage or ornamental Good lighting, sound
plaster, some trim,
systems and plumbing
carpeting, ceramic tile
Package A.C.
Very
Good
Cinema stages,
cotta, ornamental entrance ornamental interior,
and lobby
carpeting, good mainfeature screen
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Top design, best materials, Special finishes, acoustic
very elaborate entrance
design, high-cost lobby
finishes
High-quality specialty
lighting, best sound
throughout, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost wood or stucco, Few partitions, very plain, Minimum code, sound per Forced air
very plain, acoustic sound minimum multiplex
screen
walls
cinema facility
Fair
Minimum lighting,
Package A.C.
entrance, good acoustic or asphalt tile lobby, concrete adequate sound, minimum
masonry sound walls
slab, small screens
plumbing
Average
Stucco or siding, good
Drywall, suspended
front and lobby, some trim ceiling, carpeted lobby,
stepped floor
4 - 164
Interior Finish
sound and plumbing
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
stone trim, decorative
front and lobby
Some stage or
ornamentation and trim,
carpeting, ceramic tile
systems and plumbing
Package A.C.
Very
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Cinema stages,
ornamental entrance and ornamental interior,
lobby
carpeting, good mainfeature screen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Pole frame and truss,
metal siding, lined,
insulated, acoustic sound
walls
Few partitions, very plain, Minimum code, sound per Forced air
minimum multiplex
screen
cinema facility
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
interior finish and
insulation, acoustic walls
Few partitions, very plain, Minimum code, sound per Forced air
minimum multiplex
screen
cinema facility
Fair
interior, small entrance,
good sound walls
vinyl-composition lobby,
concrete slab
Average
Good metal panels, roof,
Finished interior,
front and lobby, some trim suspended ceiling,
carpeted lobby, stepped
floor
sound and plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Some decorative and
good storefront and trim
extras, carpet and tile,
some small stage fronts
system and plumbing
Package A.C.
Minimum lighting,
Package A.C.
plumbing
381 Veterinary Hospital
These structures are designed for the medical and surgical care and treatment of small animals. Floor finishes
are resilient covering. Wall finishes, either plaster or drywall, are plain. Good quality facilities also have
some lab and x-ray areas. Individual cubicles or rooms within the structure include adequate lighting and
plumbing.
The following are not included in the costs: X-ray equipment, cages, runs or open shelters.
September 2002
4 - 165
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, precast panels,
some trim
Plaster or drywall, vinyl,
laboratory and X-ray
facilities
Good lighting &
(see Page 26)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Block or tilt-up, very plain Drywall, some asphalt tile Minimum lighting &
floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Brick, partially finished
interior, some trim
composition
Adequate lighting,
fluoroscope outlets,
adequate plumbing
Forced air
Good
block, good trim and
fenestration
good lab and X-ray
facilities
Good lighting &
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick, block or
concrete, good entrance
and trim
Plaster, ceramic, vinyl and Good lighting &
carpet finishes, indoor
plumbing, lab, diagnostic
exercise facilities
and treatment facilities
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding, finished
interior
Drywall, some asphalt tile Minimum lighting &
floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Stucco or siding, brick
trim or low cost brick
veneer
composition
Forced air
Good
Good brick veneer, trim
and fenestration
Plaster or drywall, vinyl, Good lighting &
good laboratory and X-ray plumbing, power outlets
facilities
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster, ceramic, vinyl and Good lighting &
best siding, good entrance carpet finishes, indoor
plumbing, lab, diagnostic
and trim
exercise facilities
and treatment facilities
4 - 166
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting,
adequate plumbing
Package A.C.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
wall, very plain
Drywall, some asphalt tile Minimum lighting &
floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Low
Metal on light frame, very Drywall, some asphalt tile Minimum lighting &
plain
floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Insulated sandwich panels Drywall, vinyl
or metal with finished
composition
interior
Forced air
Adequate lighting,
adequate plumbing
383 Tobacco Barn
The costs include lighting, racks and water service.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
25
25
30
D
20
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
20
20
25
S
20
20
20
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wall-bearing brick, block
or structural tile
Unfinished, flue-curing,
partially floored, racks
Lighting and water service None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood frame and siding,
vented walls
Unfinished, dirt floor,
racks, air curing
Minimum lighting
None
Average
siding
Partly finished interior,
part slab, flue-curing,
racks
September 2002
4 - 167
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Some sheathing and slab,
flue-curing, racks
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Some sheathing and slab,
flue-curing, racks
384 Barber Shop
As individual structures, barber shops are normally one-story buildings with wood frame or masonry exterior
walls. They may also be found in large shopping mall areas of mixed building construction. Interiors are very
plain with little trim or ornamental items. Most barber/beauty shops have large open areas with very few
interior partitions. Floor finishes are resilient floor covering, e.g., asphalt tile, vinyl tile, vinyl composition
tile, etc.
The costs include plumbing fixtures and electrical service but do not include mechanical chairs, furnishings
and mirrors.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, block, low-cost
storefront
Plaster or drywall,
exposed masonry, vinyl
composition
plumbing outlets
Wall furnace
Good
Brick, best block, plain
Plaster, good acoustic tile, Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
front, some ornamentation carpet and vinyl
many fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stucco or siding, low-cost
storefront
composition
plumbing outlets
Wall furnace
4 - 168
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
brick veneer, plain front,
some ornamentation
Plaster, good acoustic tile, Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C.
carpet and vinyl
many fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Finished interior, small
low-cost front
Acoustic tile, gypsum
board, vinyl composition
plumbing outlets
Wall furnace
Good
Good acoustic tile, carpet
Sandwich panels, plain
front, some ornamentation and vinyl, some trim
many fixtures
386 Mini Warehouse
These are warehouses subdivided into cubicles of generally small size and are designed primarily to be rented
for non-commercial storage. The interior cubicles are divided with either masonry, metal or wood frame
walls. Drywall is a common interior finish on the framed walls. They are typically built with slab floors. The
better qualities have some electrical in each unit and may include some office or living space.
Note: Use the average area and average perimeter of the entire mini-warehouse group for the area and
perimeter entries.
The following are not included in the costs: Security equipment, built-in appliances and yard improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
light roof, low-cost door
entries
Subdivided into large
cubicles, light slab, no
support facilities
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Block, tilt-up, light
construction
Subdivided into cubicles,
mixed sizes, unfinished
slab, small office
Adequate electrical service None
per space, minimum water
Good
Brick, block or tilt-up,
many doors
Subdivided cubicles, good Electrical outlets and
security partitions, office- lighting in each space,
apartment
minimum plumbing
September 2002
None
4 - 169
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low-cost stucco or siding, Subdivided into large
low-cost door entries
support facilities
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Wood frame and stucco or Subdivided into cubicles,
wood
slab, small office
Good
Stucco, siding or brick
veneer, many doors
apartment
minimum plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
support facilities
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Wood pole frame, metal
siding
slab, small office
Good
Good pole frame, metal
siding, many doors
apartment
minimum plumbing
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
and doors
Extra large only; all cubes Minimum electrical only
>300 sq. ft.
None
Low
Light steel frame, siding,
support facilities
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Light steel frame and
metal siding
slab, small office
Good
insulated, many doors
apartment
minimum plumbing
None
387 Transit Warehouse
These buildings are designed for temporary closed storage, freight segregation and loading. Often called truck
terminals, they are most commonly built with masonry, wood frame or steel frame walls. The interiors have
some finished offices and driver areas. Lighting and plumbing, although adequate to service the personnel,
4 - 170
September 2002
are not excessive or ornate. Heating and ventilation is sufficient to protect stored goods and materials from
freezing or other forms of spoilage.
The costs include dock height floors but do not include dock leveling equipment and special material handling
facilities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Block, good tilt-up,
overhead doors
Some finished office,
drivers’ rest areas, dockheight floor
Adequate lighting,
plumbing for transient
drivers
Space heaters
Good
Brick or block, best tilt-up, Good finished office,
good overhead doors
for transient drivers
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame, siding or
stucco
Some finished
office/drivers’ rest areas,
dock-height floor
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding
Some finished
dock-height floor
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel frame and siding
Some finished
dock-height floor
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Heavy steel frame and
siding, good overhead
doors
Good finished office,
for transient drivers
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 171
Occupancy Reference
388 Underground Parking Structure
These structures, like occupancy 345 (Parking Structure), are made for automobile storage. They are built
totally below grade and contain a number of levels. Generally, the grade level roof is a park or other public
facility. Structural steel or a reinforced concrete frame provides the majority of the support for the parking
structure. All floors are heavy concrete and the roof is load bearing. Ventilation systems are commonly
found. They normally have small office and service facilities.
Ramp designs vary from separate and exclusive ramps, which separate the travel and the parking/unparking
operations, to continuous sloping floor or adjacent ramp, which have both the travel and parking operations
integrated within the same space. The determination of the type of ramp used is based on the site's shape and
dimensions and the parking demand characteristics.
Note: Do not use this occupancy for basement parking.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
45
50
B
45
45
45
50
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Unfinished concrete,
waterproofed walls and
load-bearing roof
Unfinished, some office
and service areas
Good lighting, restrooms
and service plumbing
Package A.C.
389 Equipment Storage Building (Obsolete)
470
476
472
478
527
526
528
Equipment Shed
Farm Implement Shed
Service Garage Shed
These buildings are designed for the storage and maintenance of equipment for farm or light commercial use.
Walls are usually either block or some type of metal, aluminum or wood over the frame. Roof systems are
either steel or wood and floors are concrete or asphalt. The better qualities will generally have good electrical
circuits and/or water service.
The following is not included in the costs: Service equipment.
4 - 172
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
25
30
30
D
20
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
20
25
25
S
20
20
25
25
W
-----
390 Lumber Storage Building, Vertical
These buildings are designed for vertical lumber storage and include costs for the storage racks. These
structures are typically designed with four exterior walls of either wood frame or steel construction. Floors are
either concrete or wood at the better qualities and dirt at the lower qualities. Electrical wiring and open
fixtures can be found in the better qualities.
The costs include storage racks.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost board siding,
light frame, four walls
Unfinished, asphalt or
wood floor, minimum
racks
None
None
Average
Wood or stucco on wood
frame, four walls
Unfinished, light concrete Minimum electrical, no
or wood floor, average
plumbing
racks
Good
Good wood or stucco on
wood frame, four walls
wood floor, good racks
Conduit, open fixtures, no None
plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal on pole frame, four
walls, vertical storage
wood floor, minimum
racks
None
None
Average
Metal on pole frame, four
walls, vertical storage
plumbing
racks
September 2002
None
4 - 173
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Good
Good metal panels on pole Unfinished, concrete or
frame, four walls
HVAC
plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost steel siding,
light frame, four walls
wood floor, minimum
racks
None
None
Average
Steel siding on steel
frame, four walls
plumbing
racks
Good
Good metal panels on steel Unfinished, concrete or
frame, four walls
None
plumbing
391 Material Storage Building
This weatherproof lumberyard structure is designed for closed storage of such building materials as cement,
lime, nails, roofing, etc. The masonry buildings have brick or block with heavy roof framing and windows at
the better qualities. Walls are sealed with heavy slabs or plank floors. Electrical systems generally include
spark-proof fixtures.
The frame structures are constructed with either wood or steel framed walls. The exterior covers are typically
stucco, wood siding or metal siding. Floors at the lower qualities may be unfinished while the better qualities
have floors similar to the masonry buildings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
25
30
30
D
20
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
20
25
25
S
20
20
25
25
W
20
20
25
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Block, structural clay tile,
Unfinished walls, slab or
plank floor
Few open fixtures, no
plumbing
None
Good
Brick or block, heavy
rafters, barred windows
Sealed walls and heavy
slab
Rigid conduit, spark-proof None
fixtures, no plumbing
4 - 174
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood or cheap stucco,
wood frame
plank floor
plumbing
None
Good
Stucco, wood or metal
siding on heavy wood
studs
Wainscot, heavy slab or
plank floor
Very
Good
Heavy concrete piers,
Siding on heavy posts,
arch, dome or conical roof asphalt floor, salt storage
Good lighting, no
plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Metal panels, sheathing
on pole frame
Concrete slab, some
wainscot
plumbing
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel panels, sheathing on Sealed concrete slab, some Few open fixtures, no
steel frame
wainscot
plumbing
Good
Steel panels, sheathing, on Heavy slab, sealed walls
heavy steel studs
Very
Good
Siding on heavy steel,
arch or dome roof
Heavy concrete piers,
asphalt floor, salt storage
Good lighting, no
plumbing
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
Class W (Slant Wall):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel panels, sheathing on Sealed concrete slab, some Few open fixtures, no
light steel slant frame
wainscot
plumbing
None
392 Industrial Engineering Building
The exterior of an industrial engineering building is similar to that of occupancy 494 (Industrial Light
Manufacturing). However, the interior has a larger amount of office area and finished space than the
manufacturing occupancy while containing some manufacturing and assembly areas. The best structures
approach good office buildings in cost, with many partitions, best lighting, elevators or escalators, and fine
detail. If the design appears closer to office use than to industrial, use occupancy 344 (Office Building).
Better quality exteriors have high-cost features and ornamentation. Interiors at most qualities are plaster or
drywall with fluorescent lighting and adequate plumbing for the personnel. The quality of the fixtures is
commensurate with the quality of the structure.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, power feeds and special utilities for manufacturing
machinery.
September 2002
4 - 175
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
block, little trim, small
storefront entry
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Minimum lighting &
tile, VCT, plain offices,
20% - 30% buildout
Package A.C.
Average
Brick on block or tile,
concrete or metal panels,
good front
Gypsum walls and
ceilings, resilient floors,
half office buildout
Package A.C.
Good
Face brick, metal panels, Gypsum or plaster, some
good glass, ornamentation trim, carpet and resilient
floors, good offices
good plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamentation
Plaster, acoustic ceilings,
finished floor, many
offices
Fluorescent lighting, many Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
storefront entry
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Minimum lighting &
tile, VCT, plain offices,
20% - 30% buildout
Package A.C.
Average
Brick, formed concrete or
precast walls, good front
Gypsum walls and
ceilings, resilient floors,
half office buildout
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
curtain wall, some
ornamentation
Gypsum or plaster, some
trim, carpet and resilient
floors, good offices
good plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamentation
Plaster, acoustic ceilings, Fluorescent lighting, many Hot and
finished floor, much office outlets, good plumbing
chilled water
space
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plumbing
offices, 20% - 30%
buildout
4 - 176
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Bearing wall or frame,
brick, concrete panels,
good front
Finished walls, finished
floors and ceilings, half
office buildout
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Steel frame, bar or web
joists, good masonry or
curtain walls
Gypsum or plaster walls, Good fluorescent lighting, Warm and
good office areas, acoustic good plumbing
cool air
ceilings
(zoned)
Excellent
Steel or concrete frame,
ornamented masonry,
entrance and lobby
Plaster walls, acoustic
ceilings, carpet and
resilient floors, mostly
offices
Office-type lighting, many Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
VCT, plain offices, 20% ornamentation, small front 30% buildout
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood studs or light frame, Drywall, walls and
Adequate lighting &
stucco, wood, brick
ceilings, resilient tile, half plumbing
veneer, good front
office buildout
Package A.C.
Good
Steel frame, web joists,
good metal, glass, stucco,
brick veneer
Plaster or gypsum,
acoustic ceilings, good
office areas
good plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Heavy frame, good metal
and glass, stone and brick
veneer
Plaster or gypsum,
acoustic ceilings, carpet
and resilient tile, mostly
offices
Office-type lighting, many Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
interior, insulation, small
front
VCT, plain offices, 20% 30% buildout
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Steel frame and light
Enameled walls and
panels with steel trusses or exposed trusses, finished
joists, good front
floors, half offices
Exposed conduit,
adequate plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Steel frame, good metal
and glass, good storefront
and trim
Plaster or gypsum,
acoustic ceilings, good
office areas
good plumbing
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
sandwich panels,
ornamented entry and
lobby
Plaster or gypsum,
acoustic ceilings, carpet
and resilient tile, mostly
offices
Office-type lighting, many Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 177
Occupancy Reference
393 Labor Dormitory
These buildings provide living quarters for transient laborers or permanent ranch hands. The better qualities,
either masonry or wood frame construction, are designed with good fenestration, insulated walls, concrete
floors, individual rooms, lighting and common shower facilities. The lower qualities include less fenestration,
large common areas, minimum plumbing and lighting.
The following is not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
35
D
15
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
20
25
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low-cost block, minimum Unfinished, no partitions
fenestration
water service
None
Average
Block, adequate
fenestration
Concrete floor, common
rooms
Adequate lighting,
plumbing in common
restroom
None
Good
Cheap brick, stucco on
block, good fenestration,
insulated
Concrete floor, gypsum or Lighting and outlet in
plywood partitions,
each room, common
individual rooms
shower room
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Box frame, plywood or
board and batten
Light slab, unfinished
interior
Minimum droplights,
water service
None
Average
Plywood or siding on box
frame or wide-spaced
studs
rooms
Adequate lighting,
plumbing in common
restroom
None
Good
good fenestration,
insulated
plywood partitions,
each room, common
individual rooms
shower room
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel panels and frame,
sheathing
rooms
Adequate lighting,
minimum plumbing
None
4 - 178
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
good fenestration,
insulated
plywood partitions,
each room, common
individual rooms
shower room
None
394 Transient Labor Cabin
These buildings provide minimum living facilities for families. They commonly are constructed having a box
frame with plywood or board and batten exterior finish. The interior has concrete or board floors with no
partitions and minimum cabinetry. Minimum lighting and electrical outlets and a sink with cold water service
will normally be found.
The costs do not include kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Box frame, plywood,
board and batten or metal
siding
Slab or board floor, no
partitions, minimum
cabinetry
One or two lights and
outlets, sink with cold
water
None
395 Potato Storage
Designed to provide long-term storage, the masonry structures are built below grade with heaped earth on
three sides, while the wood or steel frame buildings have metal or siding with insulated walls and roof.
Interiors include some partitions and bulkheads with plank floors over concrete slabs or concrete air channels.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
4 - 179
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Dirt trench, block end
walls only, pole rafters,
straw, dirt cover
Unfinished, dirt floor
Minimum electrical only
None
Low
Block or tile, insulated
roof (mild climate)
Partitions, concrete air
channels
Minimum lighting only
None
Average
Block, below grade,
heaped earth three sides
(moderate climate)
Partitions, bulkheads,
plank floors, on concrete,
heating ducts
Minimum lighting, no
plumbing
None
Good
Block, below grade,
heaped earth three sides,
heavy roof (cold climate)
plank floors raised over
concrete, heating ducts
Adequate electrical, water HEAT
service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Dirt trench, wood end
straw, dirt cover
None
Low
Plywood, insulated roof
(mild climate)
channels
None
Average
Plywood or siding on
wood studs, good roof,
insulated (mod. climate)
heating ducts
plumbing
None
Good
Wood T&G on heavy
studs, insulated (cold
climate)
Heavy partitions and
bulkheads, plank floors
raised over concrete
outlets, water service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Dirt trench, metal end
straw, dirt cover
None
Low
Pole frame, insulated roof
(mild climate)
channels
None
Average
panels, roof, insulated
(moderate climate)
heating ducts
plumbing
None
Good
Pole frame, metal panels
and sheathing, insulated
(cold climate)
None
4 - 180
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Galvanized steel, insulated Partitions, concrete air
roof (mild climate)
channels
None
Average
Steel siding, frame, good
roof, insulated (moderate
climate)
plank floors on concrete,
heating ducts
plumbing
None
Good
Metal sandwich panels or
steel and sheathing,
insulated (cold climate)
None
396 Hog Barn
These barns provide for the breeding, nursery, farrowing and finishing of swine. Costs are averages of the
various types that make up a facility. The lower qualities are open curtain-walled, partially floored finishing
barns only. There usually is some electrical and water to the pens. Higher quality types have concrete floors
and are suitable for Environmental Control Confinement Housing. Most have some type of flushing system.
For slotted floors use one of the following:
Finished Basement for Deep Pit/Tractor Access
Semi-finished Basement for Shallow Pit/Scraper Alley
Unfinished Basement for Flush Pit
430 Hog Shed
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
30
35
35
D
15
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
25
30
30
S
15
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Cheap block
finishing
Minimum services
None
Low
little fenestration
Unfinished, partial floor,
some division of space,
grow/finish
water service
None
September 2002
4 - 181
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Insulated ceiling, slab,
some division of space,
gestation
Adequate lighting, water
service
None
Good
ventilation and
fenestration
Insulated, slab floor,
subdivided,
breed/gestation
service
None
Very
Good
ventilation and
fenestration
subdivided, farrowing
service
None
Excellent
ventilation and
fenestration
Good lighting &
subdivided, office, nursery plumbing, lab
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Plywood or low cost
boards
finishing
Minimum services
None
Low
Vertical boards or
plywood, on box frame,
some insulation
Some wainscot, partial
floor, some division of
space, grow/finish
water service
None
Average
insulated
Insulated ceiling, plywood Adequate lighting, water
interior, slab floor, some
service
subdivision, gestation
None
Good
Wood siding or stucco,
good ventilation and
fenestration
subdivided,
breed/gestation
service
None
Very
Good
fenestration
Adequate lighting, water
service
None
Excellent
fenestration
Good lighting &
subdivided, office, nursery plumbing, lab
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
finishing
Minimum services
None
Low
some insulation
space, grow/finish
water service
None
4 - 182
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
insulated
Insulated ceiling, plywood Adequate lighting, water
interior, slab floor, some
service
subdivision, gestation
None
Good
fully insulated, ventilated
Insulated ceiling, interior
sheathing, slab floor,
subdivided,
breed/gestation
service
None
Very
Good
service
None
Excellent
Insulated ceiling, interior Good lighting &
plumbing, lab
subdivided, office, nursery
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some insulation
space, grow/finish
water service
None
Average
insulated
Insulated ceiling, plywood Adequate lighting and
interior, slab, some
water service
division of space,
gestation
None
Good
subdivided,
breed/gestation
service
None
Very
Good
service
None
Excellent
Insulated ceiling, interior Good lighting &
plumbing, lab
subdivided, office, nursery
None
397 Sheep Barn
These structures are designed for the care and housing of sheep and are averages of various types of
environmental confinement housing. The average quality structure has a slab floor, insulated and vented walls,
and some interior partitions. Typically, there is minimal electrical and plumbing.
September 2002
4 - 183
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
25
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
25
25
30
S
15
25
25
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Insulated ceiling, interior Adequate electrical and
insulated and vented walls sheathing, slab floor, some water service
division of space
None
Good
insulated, lambing barn
division of space
water service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
division of space
water service
None
Average
Pole frame, metal siding, Insulated ceiling, interior Adequate electrical and
division of space
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Insulated ceiling, interior Adequate electrical and
division of space
None
Good
None
division of space
Mechanicals
HVAC
water service
398 Fruit Packing Barn
Barns that usually have metal walls and metal roofs and may also utilize some plywood as the exterior wall
cover. Costs include built-in refrigerated cooler rooms for the fresh produce and a concrete slab floor. They
may also include some small finished office area. Lighting is high level and plumbing usually includes some
water service.
The costs do not include any process piping or refrigeration equipment.
4 - 184
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
30
35
D
20
25
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
25
30
S
20
25
25
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Block or tilt-up, light
truss, metal or built-up
roof
Fruit cooler, concrete slab, Good lighting, water
small finished office
service
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plywood on studs or box
frame, metal or
composition roof
service
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Metal siding on light pole
frame, no wainscot
service
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
service
None
399 Cattle Shed (Obsolete)
468
479
561
562
Feeder Barn
Commodity Storage Shed
Designed for livestock or material shelter. They are open on one side with wood or metal siding attached to
poles or a steel frame. The average quality structure has an inexpensive asphalt or dirt floor, feeders for the
livestock and endwall doors. Generally there is no electrical, plumbing or heating included in these structures.
September 2002
4 - 185
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
20
S
15
15
20
20
W
-----
400 Hay Shed (Obsolete)
473 Material Shelter
565 Farm Utility Shelter
566 Farm Sun Shade Shelter
These structures are open shelters designed for the storage of hay or other materials. They are also used as
livestock sunshades. They have wooden or steel roofs on either trusses or rafters. The primary support for the
structure is either poles or posts and girders. Spans are generally wide, there are no walls and the floor is dirt.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
15
20
20
W
-----
403 Shower Building
These buildings are used to provide shower and dressing facilities. Interior walls are paint-enameled drywall
or plaster, and the floors are concrete. There is adequate lighting and plumbing. Better qualities include
saunas and/or steam rooms and finished offices commensurate with the quality.
The cost includes built-in lockers.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 186
A
30
35
40
40
B
30
35
40
40
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Finished interior, good tile Good lighting &
or glazed surfaces, some
extra facilities
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Low-cost block, top
ventilation
interior, camp facility
Minimum lights, fixtures
and drains
None
Low
Block, light roof, very
plain
Low-cost finishes, few
Minimum lighting &
partitions, sealed concrete plumbing, showers,
dressing stalls
Average
Enameled walls, some
wainscot, plaster ceiling,
walls, brick, block,
concrete panels, some trim good concrete floor
Good
Decorative block and trim, Finished interior, good tile Good lighting &
heavy structure
or glazed surfaces, extra
plumbing, extra outlets
facilities
and fixtures, sauna
Wall furnace
Excellent
Stone, rustic trim or block Good finish or under
1,000 sq. ft.
High-cost fixtures
Forced air
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, showers,
lockers
Space heaters
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Box frame, plywood,
boards, top ventilation
interior, camp facility
Minimum lights and
fixtures, few drains
None
Low
Minimum lighting &
dressing stalls
Space heaters
Average
Wood frame or pipe
siding, little trim
Plaster, enameled walls,
some wainscot, good
concrete floors
Space heaters
Good
Steel or glulam frame and Finished interior, good tile Good lighting &
or glazed surfaces, extra
stucco
facilities
and fixtures, sauna
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, showers,
lockers
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
finished interior
Minimum lighting &
dressing stalls
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
4 - 187
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
little trim
good concrete floor
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, showers,
lockers
Space heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Pre-engineered, metal
siding, finished interior
Minimum lighting &
dressing stalls
Space heaters
Average
trim
good concrete floor
Space heaters
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, showers,
lockers
404 Utility Building (Obsolete)
471 Light Commercial Utility Building
477 Farm Utility Building
The utility building has many uses (enclosed barn, feed storage, equipment storage, etc.). The low cost
building is a light shell with minimum fenestration and no floor. These buildings are usually lighter than
typical industrial or warehouse buildings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
35
D
15
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
30
S
15
20
25
30
W
-----
405 Skating Rink
Large, open structures that include areas for ice skating or roller skating, lobby, restrooms and an equipment
storage area. Lounge, snack bar, offices, locker or shower room facilities are commensurate with the quality
as indicated.
Roller skating rinks include the basic skating surface, and ice rinks include the basic floor structure.
The following are not included in the costs: Snack bar equipment, seating, lockers and ice making equipment.
4 - 188
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or tilt-up
Little or none, no dressing Minimum lighting &
rooms
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Block or brick, little trim
Gypsum board, acoustic
tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
entrance
Acoustic treatment, good
viewers’ seating, snack
bar and locker rooms
Good lighting and
restrooms, some
entertainment-type
lighting
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plain
rooms
plumbing
Forced air
Average
trim
Gypsum board, acoustic
tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Brick veneer, best siding
or stucco, trim, good
entrance
Good lighting and
restrooms, some
entertainment lighting
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal,
finished inside
No dressing rooms or
showers
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Single wall, finished
interior
rooms
plumbing
Forced air
Average
roof, some interior finish,
trim
Some gypsum board and
acoustic tile, few extras
Package A.C.
September 2002
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
4 - 189
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
panels, steel frame, good
entrance
Good lighting and
restrooms, some
entertainment-type
lighting
Package A.C.
406 Storage Warehouse
These buildings are designed for storage and include an amount of office space commensurate with the quality
of the building (typically 3 to 12 percent).
Typically, they have plaster or drywall interior partitions and may have some finished ceilings. The better
qualities have small office fronts with ornamental materials at the front elevation, while lower cost structures
are plain with very little if any ornamentation. Heating and ventilating facilities are sufficient to protect goods
from freezing and other spoilage.
The following are not included in the costs: Special climate control equipment and dock levelers and material
handling equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
40
45
45
50
S
35
40
40
45
P
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost block, tile or
concrete
Unfinished, small office,
few partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Painted walls, few
concrete panels, very plain partitions, small offices
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Ornamental concrete or
brick, small office front
Plaster or drywall with
partitions, some finished
ceilings
Good lighting, plumbing,
adequate restrooms
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost block, tile or
concrete
Unfinished, small office,
few partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Painted walls, few
concrete panels, very plain partitions, small offices
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
4 - 190
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Ornamental concrete or
brick, small office front
partitions, finished
ceilings in most areas
adequate restrooms
Hot water
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Block, cheap brick, tilt-up, Unfinished, small office, Minimum lighting &
light construction
shell type, minimum code plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Steel or wood frame or
bearing walls, brick,
block, or tilt-up
Painted walls, finished
office, hardened slab
Adequate lighting, lowcost plumbing fixtures
Space heaters
Good
Steel frame, good brick,
block, or tilt-up, tapered
girders
masonry partitions, good
offices
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
facade
Plaster or drywall,
partitioned, finished
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding on wood
Unfinished, slab, utility
type, minimum office
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Stucco on wood frame,
wood trusses
Small office, average slab
Space heaters
Good
Heavy wood frame, wood
or stucco siding
Heavy slab or mill-type
floors
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
brick and block, wood
trusses
Painted walls, few
partitions, small offices
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
brick walls, wood or steel
trusses
Plaster walls, masonry
partitions, painted trusses
plumbing
Steam
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Unfinished utility type,
Minimum lighting &
light slab, minimum office plumbing
September 2002
Space heaters
4 - 191
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding, insulated
Small office, some finish,
slab
plumbing
Space heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
metal siding
Unfinished utility type,
Minimum lighting &
light slab, minimum office plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Rigid steel frame, siding
Small office, average slab
Space heaters
Good
Good steel frame, siding
and fenestration
Some good office, interior Good lighting, adequate
finish and floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Excellent
Heavy steel frame,
insulated panels, good
facade
Plaster or drywall,
partitioned, finished
407 Distribution Warehouse
These buildings are designed with large areas to accommodate the breakdown and shipment of small lots of
materials and goods. They have more plumbing and lighting than storage warehouses in order to service the
large personnel load. Costs include heating and ventilation sufficient to protect goods from freezing or other
forms of spoilage.
The distribution areas have drywall or plaster on the interior with finished ceilings and vaults in some cases.
Some of the better qualities also have good fire and security systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Material handling equipment and dock levelers.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
55
55
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
45
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
fenestration
Painted walls, offices, and Reading-level lighting and Space heaters
distribution areas
adequate plumbing
4 - 192
Mechanicals
HVAC
September 2002
Good
Ornamental concrete,
brick, or metal/glass
panels, office front
partitions, distribution
areas, fin. ceilings, vaults
restrooms for personnel
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
fenestration
Painted walls, offices and
distribution areas
adequate plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Ornamental concrete,
brick, or metal/glass
panels, office front
partitions, distribution
areas, fin. ceilings, vaults
adequate restrooms
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, very plain,
light construction
Unfinished, shell type,
adequate offices,
partitioned areas
Adequate lighting,
plumbing fixtures
Space heaters
Average
bearing walls, brick,
block, or tilt-up
Painted walls, finished
offices and distribution
areas, hardened slab
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
block, or tilt-up, tapered
girders
masonry partitions, good
offices
adequate plumbing
Forced air
Excellent
Brick, metal/glass,
ornamental facades and
fenestration
Completely finished,
drugs, food, or bonded
storage, large offices
High-level lighting and
good plumbing
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Stucco or siding on wood, Small office, partitions
good fenestration
and distribution areas
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Good wood frame with
stucco or siding, some
ornamentation
Some good offices and
distribution areas
adequate plumbing
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding
Unfinished, adequate
offices, partitioned areas
Adequate lighting,
plumbing fixtures
Space heaters
Average
Good pole frame, metal
siding
Distribution areas, small
offices
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
September 2002
4 - 193
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain shell
Adequate office,
partitioned areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Rigid steel frame and
siding
Distribution areas, small
offices
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
and fenestration
interior finish, distribution adequate plumbing
areas
Forced air
Excellent
Heavy steel frame,
ornamentation
Completely finished,
drugs, food, or bonded
storage, large offices
Package A.C.
good plumbing
408 Service Station
These structures are complete stations, including design fees. The building includes an area for office, storage,
sales, restroom, and lube areas for service bay stations. Costs include base electric and interior circuits;
exterior circuits must be added.
For canopies, use fair to average quality for occupancy 508 (Car Wash Canopy).
For prefabricated food booths, use occupancy 465 (Food Booth, Prefabricated).
For drive-thru car wash, use occupancy 435 (Car Wash, Drive-Thru).
The following are not included in the costs: Hoists and compressors, car wash equipment, food service and
display fixtures, and all exterior canopies, equipment and improvements.
Marshall Valuation Service section: 64.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
20
25
25
D
15
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
20
20
25
W
-----
Class C (Masonry Bearing Walls) and Class S (Metal Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted steel, inexpensive
sash and doors or gates
Older station, minimum
Four residential-type
Space heaters
finishes, few built-in items fixtures, minimum interior
electrical
Average
Average painted steel or
overhangs
Present-day station, small
office, storage, restrooms
4 - 194
Mechanicals
Five to six low-cost
commercial plumbing
fixtures, standard
electrical
HVAC
Space heaters
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Good steel or brick,
Ranch or suburban style,
sectional doors, good sash, tiled restrooms, good
large overhangs
office
Excellent
Best steel or brick,
masonry trim, good
fenestration, garage doors
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average commercial
fixtures, adequate interior
circuits
Space heaters
Good finish, best
Six to eight good
workmanship, many built- commercial plumbing
in features, tire racks, etc. fixtures, good electrical
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Low-cost siding or stucco, Substandard, older station, Two cheap plumbing
cheap sash and gates
minimal finishes
fixtures, minimum
incandescent lighting
Low
Siding or stucco,
inexpensive sash and
doors or gates
Two to three low-cost
Space heaters
Older station, minimum
finishes, few built-in items fixtures, minimum interior
circuits
Average
Siding or metal on wood
frame, little trim, small
overhangs
Present-day station, small
office, storage, restrooms
Good
Good sidings, sectional
doors, good sash, large
overhangs
Ranch or suburban style, Average commercial
tiled restroom, good office fixtures, adequate interior
circuits
Five to six low-cost
commercial plumbing
fixtures, standard
electrical
None
Space heaters
Space heaters
409 T-Hangar
These are multiple hangars for small planes. Many include partitioned areas for individual planes. Interiors
have concrete slab floors with very few extras. They have minimum electrical, occasionally plumbing, and
commonly do not have heating or cooling.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
25
30
30
40
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
30
30
35
S
20
30
30
35
W
-----
4 - 195
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
brick, tilt-up, light roof
structure
Subdivided storage
hangar, concrete floor,
small office
water service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal siding
Subdivided storage
hangar, few extras, light
floor and doors
Minimum electrical
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding
Subdivided storage
hangar, few extras, light
floor
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Good steel frame,
enameled steel panels
Subdivided storage
hangar, concrete floor,
small office
water service
None
410 Automotive Center
These buildings are designed for both sales and service with display rooms, office, storage and repair space
commensurate with the quality. The better qualities are a combination retail store (with storefronts and finish)
and garage.
Average quality contains sales area of between 20 and 30 percent of the total floor area. The lighting in the
sales area is similar to store lighting both in quantity and types of fixtures with industrial fluorescent fixtures
in the service areas. Plumbing is adequate to service the personnel.
The following are not included in the costs: Hoists and service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 196
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, simple storefront,
15% - 25% finished sales
area
Minimum store finish in
sales, garage finish in
balance
Minimum lighting, outlets Space heaters
Average
Block, typical storefront,
20% - 30% sales area
Store finish in sales,
garage finish in balance
Average store illumination Space heaters
and restrooms
Good
Brick, block, good front,
30% or more sales area
Good store finish in sales, Good store illumination,
good garage finish in
good restrooms
balance
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Siding, storefront, 20% 30% finished sales area
and restrooms
Good
Siding, veneer, good
storefront, 30% or more
sales area
Good store finish in sales, Good store illumination,
good garage finish in
good restrooms
balance
Space heaters
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
15% - 25% finished sales
area, storefront, steel on
wood pole frame
balance
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall, simple
storefront, 15% - 25%
finished sales area
balance
Average
20% - 30% sales area,
storefront, some trim,
sandwich panels
and restrooms
412 Neighborhood Shopping Center
413 Community Shopping Center
414 Regional Shopping Center
See the discussion of shopping centers beginning on page 4-415.
September 2002
4 - 197
Occupancy Reference
These are shell type structures that include tennis court facilities. The cost of individual facilities can vary
greatly depending on the type of structure and its appointments, including the extent of the lounge,
refreshment, exercise, shower and spectator areas. Costs are given for the entire facility including suitable
office and gathering areas.
Lower cost facilities are generally constructed with a rigid steel or wood frame and an exterior cover of either
wood or steel siding. These facilities have minimum lighting and plumbing and no dressing rooms or
showers. Clear heights typically vary between 20 and 28 feet.
Average quality enclosed courts use either steel sandwich panels or masonry exterior walls and include
dressing room and shower facilities. Clear heights typically vary between 24 and 32 feet.
The best qualities include high cost lighting and fixtures, lounge areas, snack bar facilities, a sales area where
equipment can be sold, showers, dressing rooms and saunas. Clear heights vary between 30 and 35 feet.
The following are not included in the costs: Lockers, furnishings and exercise or kitchen equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or tilt-up
rooms
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall, concrete courts,
snack bar area, exercise
facilities
Adequate lighting,
plumbing, showers, add
for pool or spa
Forced air
Good
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
and court areas, gym
Good sports lighting,
restrooms, sauna, shower
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plain
rooms
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
facilities
Forced air
4 - 198
Adequate lighting,
for pool or spa
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
wall, very plain
No dressing rooms or
showers, few facilities
restrooms
Space heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Single wall, very plain
rooms
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
roof, some interior finish,
trim
facilities
Adequate lighting,
for pool or spa
Forced air
Good
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
417 Racquetball-Handball Club
These are shell type structures that include handball or racquetball court facilities. The quality of individual
facilities can vary greatly depending on the type of structure and its appointments, including the extent of the
lounge, refreshment, exercise, shower and spectator areas. These buildings have suitable office areas and
lounge facilities.
Court floor surfaces are hardwood. Courts are totally enclosed to include four walls and a ceiling surface.
Court access is through a flush-mounted door generally found in a rear or a sidewall.
The lower quality facilities are generally constructed with wood framed siding or a rigid steel frame and an
exterior cover of an insulated steel panel or a masonry bearing wall. They include adequate lighting and
plumbing, dressing rooms and shower facilities. Plaster walls, used primarily for low-cost, non-regulation
courts, require a masonry wall backing.
The better quality structures include lounge and/or snack areas, health facilities, dressing rooms, showers and
saunas. Spectator galleries are typically small and in the best facilities are located behind or above the back
playing wall. When galleries are behind the court, portions of the rear wall surface are constructed with some
type of safety glass.
Include the second floor or mezzanine area in the total floor area calculation.
The following are not included in the costs: Lockers, pools, furnishings and exercise or kitchen equipment.
September 2002
4 - 199
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall, plain courts,
Adequate lighting,
limited viewing, snack bar plumbing, showers, add
area, exercise facilities
for pool or spa
Package A.C.
Good
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, good lounge,
spectator courts, gym
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
open viewing, snack bar
Adequate lighting,
for pool or spa
Package A.C.
Good
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, good lounge,
spectator courts, gym
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
some trim
Adequate lighting,
limited viewing, snack bar plumbing, showers, add
for pool or spa
Package A.C.
Good
entrance
Drywall, carpeting, good
lounge, spectator courts,
pro shop, gym
Package A.C.
and locker rooms
418 Health Club
Health clubs are designed as physical fitness facilities with varied exercise and conditioning areas. Better
quality clubs generally have a snack bar, massage and steam room and sauna facilities, as well as locker and
shower rooms.
For large gymnasium type fitness centers with sports courts, running tracks, etc., use one of the following
occupancies:
4 - 200
September 2002
483 Fitness Center
417 Racquetball-Handball Club
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, steam generating equipment, lockers, sports
courts, spas, exercise equipment or swimming pools.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete block or low cost Painted block, drywall
brick, tilt-up, very plain
partitions, minimum
facilities
Minimum shower and
lighting
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Adequate lighting,
plumbing, sauna, add for
pool or spa
Heat pump
system
Good
Stone trim, brick, metal or Plaster, carpet, tile,
Good lighting/lamps,
Warm and
concrete panels and glass hardwood, good snack bar, steam, shower, locker and cool air
lounge and gym
restrooms
(zoned)
vinyl composition, good
exercise rooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, vinyl
composition, few
partitions, minimum
facilities
Minimum shower and
lighting
Package A.C.
Average
carpet and tile, good
exercise rooms
Adequate lighting,
pool or spa
Heat pump
system
Good
Plaster, carpet, tile,
Good lighting/lamps,
Warm and
hardwood, good snack bar, steam, shower, locker and cool air
lounge and gym
restrooms
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 201
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Enameled metal siding,
insulated, some interior
finish
Drywall, vinyl
composition, few
partitions, minimum
facilities
Minimum shower and
lighting
Package A.C.
Average
panels, steel frame
carpet and tile, good
exercise rooms
Adequate lighting,
pool or spa
Heat pump
system
These are small food stores, typically 2,000 to 8,000 square feet, with limited interior facilities. They are
designed for the quick purchase of standard staple items in small quantities. They have extensive shelving but
few facilities. The storage area is relatively small. The better qualities include small specialty or gourmet food
shops. These occupancies include suitable plumbing and electrical facilities for refrigeration equipment.
340 Market
446 Supermarket
586 Roadside Market
The following are not included in the costs: Display cases, fronts, freezers, coolers and other trade fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Typical chain store,
composition
adequate plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Minimum block or cheap
brick
Painted exterior walls,
minimum finish
Minimum code throughout Space heaters
4 - 202
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick or block, some
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
composition, some snack
prep. area
restroom
Forced air
Good
good store front and
ornamentation
Typically better chain
stores, good acoustic, vinyl restrooms, standard
tile and carpet
fixtures
Excellent
ornamental exterior
terrazzo, carpet or vinyl,
good trim
Special lighting, good
Package A.C.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Stucco or siding, small
front
Drywall, few partitions
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
prep. area
restroom
Good
front
Typically better chain
tile and carpet
fixtures
Excellent
ornamental exterior
good trim
Package A.C.
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal, lined,
small low-cost front
Minimum finish and
partitions
Minimum code
throughout, minimum
display wiring
Space heaters
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Steel siding, partly
finished interior
Minimum finish and
partitions
Average
Good panels, small front,
mansard, some
ornamentation
prep. area
restroom
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Typically better chain
good front and
ornamentation
tile and carpet
fixtures
September 2002
Forced air
4 - 203
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Best metal panels, trim,
good entrance
Drywall or plaster,
acoustic tile, good finishes fixtures and plumbing
and trim
Package A.C.
420 Bulk Fertilizer Storage
Bulk storage buildings provide for the blending and distribution of dry fertilizers. They generally have some
office space and support plumbing.
The costs include storage bins but do not include distribution equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
35
40
D
25
30
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
30
35
S
25
30
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wall-bearing block or
concrete, wood trusses,
driveway
Heavy bins, concrete slab, Rigid conduit, sparkproof
small finished office,
fixtures, some plumbing
blend area
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Heavy wood frame, roof,
wood siding, driveway
blend area
None
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Average
Metal siding on poles,
wood sheathing, driveway small finished office,
blend area
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Steel frame, siding and
sheathing, driveway
blend area
4 - 204
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
September 2002
421 Grain Storage, Utility
Grain storage (granary) buildings are general farm utility buildings modified with wall stiffeners or heavy
gauge panels for grain storage.
For large storage facilities, use occupancy 493 (Flathouse)
The following are not included in the costs: Distribution equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
25
35
D
15
20
20
30
Class
H
15
20
20
30
M
-----
P
15
20
20
30
S
15
20
20
30
W
15
20
20
30
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Brick, concrete block, clay Unfinished walls, slab or
tile, wood rafters,
plank floor
windows
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate wiring and
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Heavy wood frame, siding Finished walls, good slab, Adequate wiring and
or stucco, bulkheads
grain or feed storage
lighting
None
Very
Good
Dropsiding on wood
frame, sliding doors,
asphalt shingles
Good slab, interior wood
cribbing, good granary
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Good
Wood post, bulkhead, pipe Good concrete slab, grain
hoop, fabric cover, end
storage
walls, curtain doors
Quality
Exterior Walls
Good
Pole frame and truss metal Lined walls, good slab,
siding, sheathing and
grain storage
bulkheads
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Very
Good
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
September 2002
Interior Finish
Good slab, interior wood
cribbing
4 - 205
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Steel frame and truss,
heavy steel panels,
bulkheads
Good concrete slab, grain
storage
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Light steel slant frame,
heavy steel panels
storage
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
422 Theater (Obsolete)
379 Theaters, Live Stage
380 Theaters, Cinema (movie-houses)
Theaters are designed primarily for stage or screen presentations and include a stage commensurate with type
and quality of construction.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
423 Mini-Lube Garage
Mini-Lube buildings are garages designed for quick maintenance lube and oil changes and may have drivethrough bays.
The following are not included in the costs: Hoists and service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 206
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, cheap brick, tilt-up, Painted wall, slab, few
light construction
partitions, small office
area
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, service outlets
Space heaters
Average
Masonry bearing walls or
frame, roll-up doors
Painted walls, slab, some Adequate lighting &
partitions, floor and
ceiling finish, waiting area
Space heaters
Good
Good ornamental block
and parapet, storefront
lobby
Good drywall, acoustic
tile, pavers, VCT, carpet,
good office/waiting room
Good lighting &
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding on wood
or steel
Some gypsum walls and
ceiling, slab, small office
area
Minimum lighting &
Space heaters
Average
Frame and stucco, siding,
masonry veneer, some
trim, roll-up doors
Some gypsum walls and
ceiling, slab, some
finished floor, waiting
area
Adequate lighting &
Space heaters
Good
Good masonry veneer,
EIFS, decorative parapet,
storefront lobby
tile, pavers, VCT, carpet,
good office/waiting room
Good lighting &
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal siding
Some gypsum walls,
acoustic tile, slab, small
office area
Minimum lighting &
Space heaters
Average
Pre-engineered, steel studs Some gypsum walls,
or frame, good panels,
acoustic tile, slab, some
roll-up doors
finished floor, waiting
area
Adequate lighting &
Space heaters
424 Group Care Home
Group care homes are small congregate care buildings that are more family or residential style in character
than convalescent hospitals. This occupancy includes group care facilities for the physically or mentally
handicapped, substance abusers, the battered, the homeless and other like group care or special need buildings.
Therapy or lounge rooms commensurate with the quality are included.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen or therapy equipment.
September 2002
4 - 207
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block, very plain Painted block, low-cost
flooring
Minimum quantity/quality Forced air
Average
vinyl
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Good
Brick or block, wood or
good asphalt shingle roof
ceilings and floor covering kitchen, good electrical
fixtures
Very
Good
Brick or good block and
stucco, good fenestration
and roof
some detail, carpet and
ceramic
Excellent
Face brick, stone, best
windows, shakes or
shingles on good structure carpet and ceramic
plumbing
Package A.C.
Heat pump
system
Special fixtures, more
Warm and
than one bath per bedroom cool air
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Drywall, low-cost carpet,
asphalt
Minimum quantity/quality Forced air
Average
Siding or stucco, standard Drywall, carpet, some
sash, asphalt shingles or
ceramic tile, vinyl
built-up
composition
Good
Siding or stucco, some
trim, wood or good asphalt ceilings and floor covering kitchen, good electrical
shingles
fixtures
Very
Good
Good siding or stucco,
good trim, light shakes or
good shingles
some detail, carpet and
ceramic
Excellent
Best siding or stucco,
brick veneer, stone trim,
shakes, shingles
carpet and ceramic
plumbing
4 - 208
HVAC
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
facilities
Heat pump
system
Special fixtures, more
Warm and
than one bath per bedroom cool air
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
426 Day Care Center
These structures are child and handicapped care centers and include so-called nursery or children's preschools.
They have light kitchen facilities, activity rooms and multiple restrooms. They are more residential style in
character than schools. Generally, the better centers have reception, office, conference, lunch, shower and
changing facilities, as well as classrooms.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, lockers and therapy or recreational
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
hardwood and vinyl
Good restrooms and
Heat pump
& plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick or block, tilt-up, no
trim
Painted walls, asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
panels, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
restrooms/kitchen
Forced air
Good
metal panels,
ornamentation
hardwood and vinyl
Good restrooms and
Package A.C.
kitchen, adequate lighting
& plumbing
Excellent
stone, top quality
Plaster, tile pavers,
hardwood, carpet
kitchen, good lighting,
extra features
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
September 2002
4 - 209
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding, little trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
restrooms/kitchen
Forced air
Good
hardwood and vinyl
Good restrooms and
Package A.C
kitchen, adequate lighting
& plumbing
Excellent
Face brick veneer, best
siding, good
ornamentation
hardwood, carpet
kitchen, good lighting,
extra features
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
little trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
restrooms/kitchen
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
Insulated sandwich panels, Drywall, acoustic tile,
Pre-engineered frame
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
restrooms/kitchen
Forced air
427 Fire Station, Volunteer
This occupancy is used by a fire department that is operated by volunteers. Typically, the buildings include
engine storage, small offices, a classroom and minimal plumbing. They have only partially finished floors and
ceilings. Better than average stations may have kitchenettes, drywall and acoustical tile.
For a fully staffed fire station, use occupancy 322 (Fire Station, Staffed)
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen and teaching equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 210
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
35
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Painted walls, few small
trim
offices, some finished
floor and ceiling
minimum plumbing
Forced air
Brick, ornamented block,
concrete, some
ornamentation
Office, classroom,
kitchenette, drywall and
acoustic tile
plumbing and restrooms
Package A.C.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Block, cheap brick, tilt-up, Some partitions, little
light shell structure
finish, minimum garage
type
water
Space heaters
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, wall
bearing or frame
Painted walls, few small
offices, some finished
floor and ceiling
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Brick, ornamented block,
concrete, some trim
Office, classroom,
acoustic tile
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap frame, stucco or
siding, very plain
Minimum apparatus
facility, few partitions,
little finish
water
Space heaters
Average
Studs or light frame,
siding or stucco, some
trim or veneer
Few small offices, some
finished floor and ceiling
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Office, classroom,
acoustic tile
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal,
primarily exposed
Some partitions, finish,
garage type
water
Space heaters
Average
insulated
Small finished offices,
some drywall, vinyl
composition
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
September 2002
4 - 211
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal on light frame,
primarily exposed
Some partitions, little
finish, minimum
apparatus facility
water
Space heaters
Average
Single wall, some interior
finish and insulation
Small finished offices,
some drywall, vinyl
composition
minimum plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Sandwich panels, or
trim
Office, classroom,
acoustic tile
outlets, plumbing,
restrooms
Forced air
428 Horse Arena
These buildings include a large, simple clear-span riding or exercise area with some stabling facilities. A
good show, exhibit or auction/sale facility includes spectator viewing and lounge commensurate with the
quality level.
For lean-to extensions, use occupancy 560 (Equestrian Lean-To).
The buildings are usually built of masonry, wood frame or metal construction. The spectator and lounge areas
have concrete flooring. The better qualities have high level lighting, horse washes, restrooms, showers,
finished stalls and feed rooms. These units are generally not heated.
The following are not included in the costs: Fixtures or equipment such as seating, lockers, food preparation or
training equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
30
35
40
D
15
25
30
35
Class
H
15
25
30
35
M
-----
P
15
25
30
35
S
15
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block, some
wainscot
Minimum facility, some
flooring
Minimum services
None
Average
Block or tilt-up, very
Unfinished arena area,
plain, some interior finish floors in feed/tack and
washrooms
water service
None
Good
Steel or wood frame, block Fin. stalls, good floors in
or tilt-up, small entrance snack bar, feed/tack rm.,
outlets, restrooms
None
4 - 212
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Excellent
Steel frame, good block or Finished stalls, lounge,
viewing area, quality
entrance
finishes
Mechanicals
HVAC
High-level electrical
service, good restrooms
and kitchen
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Vertical boards or
plywood on box frame,
some wainscot
Dirt arena floor, some
stalls, few finishes, some
flooring
water service
None
Average
Siding or stucco on wood Unfinished arena area,
frame, some interior finish floors in feed/tack and
washrooms
water service
None
Good
Good siding or stucco on Fin. stalls, good floors in
wood or steel frame, small snack bar, feed/tack rm.,
entrance
outlets, restrooms
None
Excellent
Glulam or steel frame,
good veneer, siding, good
entrance
Finished stalls, lounge,
viewing area, quality
finishes
and kitchen
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Wood post, wide hoop
frame, fabric cover, end
walls, curtain doors
exercise arena, corral pipe
fence
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
exercise arena only
None
Low
some wainscot
Dirt arena floor, some
stalls, few finishes, some
flooring
water service
None
Average
Good metal on pole frame, Unfinished arena area,
some interior finish
floors in feed/tack and
washrooms
water service
None
Good
Good metal panels,
insulated pole frame,
small entrance
outlets, restrooms
None
September 2002
Fin. stalls, good floors in
snack bar, feed/tack rm.,
4 - 213
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
No walls, steel gable roof
and truss on steel
columns, wide span
Unfinished open arena,
sand floor
water service
None
Low
Steel siding, some
wainscot
flooring
Minimum services
None
Average
roof, some interior finish
Unfinished arena area,
floors in feed/tack and
washrooms
water service
None
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Fin. stalls, good floors in
steel frame, small entrance snack bar, feed/tack rm.,
outlets, restrooms
None
Excellent
Steel frame, good
Finished stalls, lounge,
enameled siding, masonry viewing area, quality
trim, good entrance
finishes
and kitchen
None
429 Modified Hog Shed
This shed has a modified open front (i.e., hinged for ventilation) and is used for the farrowing, raising and
fattening of swine. Walls are insulated using block, concrete, wood siding, stucco or metal siding as the
exterior cover. The back wall may be hinged for ventilation. There usually is some electrical and water to the
pens. Most have some type of flushing system.
396 Hog Barn
430 Hog Shed
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 214
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or concrete,
insulated, vent doors
Insulated ceiling, natural
ventilation, slab floor,
some division of space
water service
None
Average
Block or concrete,
insulated vent doors
Insulated ceiling, slab,
subdivided
Adequate electrical, water, None
feed, not automated
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood siding and frame,
water service
None
Average
subdivided
feed, not automated
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
water service
None
Average
subdivided
feed, not automated
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
water service
None
Average
Insulated ceiling, plywood Adequate electrical, water, None
interior, slab floor,
feed, not automated
subdivided
430 Hog Shed
This shed has an open front and is used for the farrowing, raising and fattening of swine. Walls are
constructed with an exterior covering of vertical boards, plywood or metal siding. The sidewalls are usually
stationary. The back wall may be hinged for ventilation. There usually is some electrical and water to the
pens. Most have some type of flushing system.
September 2002
4 - 215
Occupancy Reference
396 Hog Barn
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
15
20
25
25
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
15
20
25
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Plywood, open front, vents Minimum facility, some
flooring
Hose bibs
None
Low
Vertical boards or
Some wainscot, slab floor, Water service
plywood, open front, back some division of space
vents
Average
open front, upper doors
None
Some ceiling insulation,
slab floor, subdivided
feed, not automated
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Wood, pipe hoop, fabric
cover
flooring
Hose bibs
None
Low
cover, end gates
space
Minimum water service,
feed, not automated
None
Average
pipe hoop, fabric cover,
end walls, curtains
Concrete slab floor,
subdivided
feed, not automated
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Metal, open front, vents
flooring
Hose bibs
None
4 - 216
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
open front, back vents
Average
feed, not automated
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Steel, open front, vents
flooring
Hose bibs
None
Low
open front, back vents
Average
feed, not automated
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light steel, open front,
vents
flooring
Hose bibs
None
Low
Steel panels and slant
frame, open front, back
vents
None
431 Outpatient (Surgical) Center
These buildings are freestanding outpatient or same-day surgery facilities. This category will also include
specialized radiation and imaging treatment and diagnostic centers. They include clinical surgery, diagnostic,
lab, administrative and public areas. Operating rooms on average represent 2.5 percent of the total floor area.
Most centers have complete heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems and emergency power
equipment.
Since outpatient/surgical centers have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component
617 (Complete HVAC) for HVAC costs.
The cost includes fixed equipment only but does not include the following: Canopies and balconies, Group II
equipment that may be installed and becomes a part of the real property but is typically not a part of the
general contract (such as autoclaves, permanent surgical lights and other equipment), and Group III
equipment that is movable personal property (such as furniture, fixtures, instruments, etc.).
September 2002
4 - 217
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
Drywall, vinyl & tile wall Adequate lighting &
surfaces, good ceilings and plumbing for surgical
floors, some shielding
facilities, some extras
Complete
HVAC.
Good
stone trim, some
ornamentation
Good lighting &
plumbing, best surgical,
good imaging center
Complete
HVAC.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Brick, block, tilt-up, small Plaster or drywall,
entrance, very plain
detail
Minimum treatment
facilities, dialysis, some
diagnostic
Complete
HVAC.
Fair
Brick, ornamental block,
some metal and glass and
trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate therapeutic,
wellness facility, good
dialysis
Complete
HVAC.
Average
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
tile floors, carpet
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for surgical or
cancer facilities
Complete
HVAC.
Good
stone, good concrete, good enamels or vinyl walls,
entrance
ceramic, vinyl, shielding
Excellent
Stone ashlar, best metal or Plaster, vinyl and tile wall Best diagnostic and
concrete and glass panels surfaces, best ceilings and research, best radiation
floors
therapy
Good lighting &
Complete
plumbing, small lab, some HVAC.
extras, good imaging
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Drywall or plaster,
extras
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
diagnostic facilities
Complete
HVAC.
Fair
Siding, brick veneer, some Plaster or drywall,
metal and glass and trim acoustic ceilings, vinyl
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 218
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
dialysis
Plaster or drywall,
tile floors, carpet
Adequate lighting &
cancer facilities
Average
Brick veneer, EIFS,
ornamental stucco, metal
and glass
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster or drywall, best
ceramic, vinyl, shielding
Excellent
Ashlar stone veneer, best
metal and glass panels
HVAC
Complete
HVAC.
Good lighting &
Complete
plumbing, small lab, some HVAC.
extras, good imaging
Plaster, vinyl and tile wall Best diagnostic and
surfaces, best ceilings and research, best radiation
floors
therapy
Complete
HVAC.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Insulated panels
Metal or drywall, acoustic Minimum treatment
facilities, dialysis, some
diagnostic
extras
Complete
HVAC.
Fair
trim
Plaster or drywall,
dialysis
Complete
HVAC.
Average
metal and glass
Plaster or drywall,
tile floors, carpet
Adequate lighting &
cancer facilities
Complete
HVAC.
432 Restroom Building
These are freestanding, generally single-purpose design, restroom buildings. Interior construction is paintenameled drywall or plaster, and the floors are concrete. In higher qualities, there are ceramic tile walls
and/or floors. There is adequate lighting and plumbing. The better qualities can include some storage and/or
limited snack bar sales area and finish.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
30
35
40
40
September 2002
B
30
35
40
40
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
4 - 219
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, decorative block or
concrete, some trim
Finished interior, tile or
glazed surfaces, some
extras
Adequate lighting &
and fixtures
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Low-cost block
Unfinished interior
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
plain
partitions
Minimum code
Space heaters
Average
Concrete block, bearing
walls, little trim
Painted walls, some
ceiling finish, sealed
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Electric wall
heaters
Good
Decorative block and trim, Finished interior, good tile Good lighting &
heavy structure
or glazed surfaces,
concession area
and fixtures
Wall furnace
Excellent
Stone, rustic trim or block Good finish or under 500
sq. ft.
High-cost fixtures
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Box frame, plywood,
boards
Unfinished interior
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
partitions
Minimum code
Space heaters
Average
siding, little trim
Painted walls, some
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Electric wall
heaters
Good
Wood frame or pipe
siding, brick veneer
Finished interior, good tile Good lighting &
or glazed surfaces,
concession area
and fixtures
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Unfinished interior
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
finished inside
partitions
Minimum code
Space heaters
4 - 220
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Unfinished interior
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
panels, finished inside
partitions
Minimum code
Space heaters
434 Car Wash, Self-Serve
Small coin-operated car wash for self-serve user operation, usually an open bay structure with enclosed
equipment room constructed of masonry, steel panels or wood frame with siding or stucco. The costs include
concrete floors and sump, roofing and bay wall finish commensurate with the quality. Low cost includes only
partial bay walls, while the good quality includes completely enclosed bays.
The following are not included in the costs: Wash equipment, signage and yard improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
End and half-bay walls
only, concrete block, shed
or flat roof
Unfinished, concrete floor, Adequate electrical and
adequate drains, sump,
water service and outlets
equipment room
None
Average
End and bay walls only,
block or low-cost brick,
average roof cover, trim
adequate drains and sump, water service and outlets
equipment room
None
Good
Decorative block or brick, Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
bay doors, good roof
good drains and sump,
adequate water
equipment room
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
only, low-cost siding or
stucco
equipment room
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
4 - 221
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
stucco or siding, average
roof and trim
equipment room
Good
brick veneer, bay doors,
good roof
Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
adequate water
equipment room
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
only, low-cost siding on
steel frame
equipment room
None
Average
enameled siding on light
frame
equipment room
None
Good
Good metal and steel
frame, bay doors, good
roof
adequate water
equipment room
435 Car Wash, Drive-Thru
A small single car self drive-thru roll-over robot type automated tunnel car wash, usually constructed of
masonry, steel panels, or wood frame with siding or stucco. Costs include the basic building drive-thru shell
and equipment area with concrete floor, sump and basic electrical.
The following are not included in the costs: Wash equipment, signage and yard improvements outside the
building lines.
For Service Stations use occupancy 408 (Service Station), and for Food Booths use occupancy 465
(Prefabricated Food Both).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 222
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side walls only, concrete
block, shed or flat roof,
very plain
adequate drains
None
Average
Open ends, block or lowcost brick, average roof
cover, little trim
drains, sump
None
Good
Decorative block or brick, Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
tunnel doors, good roof
good drains and sump
adequate water
and trim
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side walls only, low-cost
siding or stucco, shed or
flat roof
adequate drains
None
Average
Open ends, stucco or
siding, average roof cover
drains, sump
None
Good
brick veneer, tunnel doors, good drains and sump
adequate water
good roof
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side walls only, low-cost Unfinished, concrete floor, Adequate electrical and
siding on steel frame, shed adequate drains
or flat roof
None
Average
Open ends, enameled
siding on light frame,
little trim
drains, sump
None
Good
Good metal and steel
frame, tunnel doors, good
roof and trim
good drains and sump
adequate water
436 Car Wash, Automatic
A full-service automatic or tunnel car wash service building, usually constructed of masonry, steel panels, or
wood frame with siding or stucco. The costs include the finished office/sales area, locker and restrooms, and
basic equipment room commensurate with the quality. Canopies are priced separately using occupancy 508
(Car Wash Canopy).
The following are not included in the costs: Wash equipment, signage and yard improvements.
September 2002
4 - 223
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
20
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block,
doors
Minimum finishes, vinyl Minimum interior
composition tile, few built- electrical and plumbing
in items
fixtures
Average
Average block or brick,
Small office, storage,
little trim, small storefront restrooms, locker room,
vinyl and carpet
Adequate commercial
plumbing fixtures,
standard electrical
Forced air
Good
Good block or brick, good Good office and retail
storefront and trim
space, tiled floors,
restrooms, glazed view
area
Average commercial
circuits
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best stone or brick,
masonry trim, good
fenestration,
ornamentation
Good finish, best
Good electrical, good
in features, waiting area
fixtures
Space heaters
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding,
doors
in items
fixtures
Average
Average stucco or siding, Small office, storage,
vinyl and carpet
Adequate commercial
plumbing fixtures,
standard electrical
Forced air
Good
Good stucco or brick
veneer, good storefront
and trim
Good office and retail
area
Average commercial
circuits
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best stucco, EIFS or
masonry veneer, good
fenestration,
ornamentation
Good finish, best
fixtures
4 - 224
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Painted steel, inexpensive
sash and doors
in items
fixtures
Average
Average painted steel,
Small office, storage,
vinyl and carpet
Adequate commercial
plumbing fixtures,
standard electrical
Forced air
Good
Good steel, good
storefront and trim
Good office and retail
area
Average commercial
circuits
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best steel, masonry trim,
ornamentation
Good finish, best
fixtures
Space heaters
Package A.C.
440 Milkhouse
These structures are small buildings used for cooling and short-term storage only. The floors are concrete, and
they have adequate electrical and plumbing.
316 Dairy
561 Feeder Barn
469 Freestall Barn
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
40
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Concrete block or clay tile Plaster wainscot, concrete
floor
Good
Decorative block
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
plumbing
None
Plaster, ceramic and epoxy Good electrical, restroom
& shower
None
4 - 225
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Siding or metal on studs
Finished wainscot,
concrete floor
plumbing
None
Good
Good stucco or siding
Plaster, ceramic and epoxy Good electrical, restroom
& shower
None
441 Cocktail Lounge
These buildings are constructed for the preparation and service of beverages and food. They are typically
larger facilities than bars with entertainment floors and stages, with the better qualities containing full
kitchens.
They include a combination of the following areas: Consumption, serving, preparation, recreation or dance
floor, receiving and storage, and restrooms. They also include suitable office areas, all necessary plumbing
and electrical connections for the bar and kitchen equipment.
Since cocktail lounges have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617
The following are not included in the costs: Bar fixtures, kitchen equipment, seating, restaurant fixtures,
furnishings and signs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
35
40
40
40
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
part of a building
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, carpet, dance adequate plumbing, food
floor, small stage
prep.
Good
Concrete, metal/glass, or
part of a building
Plaster with enamel &
vinyl, carpet & dance
floor, decorated interior,
stage
4 - 226
Mechanicals
HVAC
Complete
HVAC.
good plumbing, small
HVAC.
kitchen
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap brick or block, very Low-cost finishes, game or Minimum lighting and
dance floor area, small
outlets, minimum
performance platform
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
Brick, block, plain
building and front, little
trim
Typical bar finishes, dance Adequate lighting &
or good game floor, good outlets, small restrooms,
limited food prep.
Complete
HVAC.
Good
and glass panels,
ornamentation
Good bar, some
ornamentation, good
dance floor, small stage
Good lighting & service
outlets, tiled restrooms,
food preparation area
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
ornamental exterior
acoustics, deluxe quality,
full stage, dance floor
tiled restrooms, small
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain construction,
low-cost front
Low-cost finishes, game or Minimum lighting and
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
trim
limited food prep.
Complete
HVAC.
Good
and glass, some
ornamentation
Good bar, some
ornamentation, good
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
ornamental exterior
acoustics, deluxe quality,
full stage, dance floor
tiled restrooms, small
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
panels, lined and
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
front, very plain
construction
outlets, minimum
plumbing
September 2002
Mechanicals
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 227
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
and glass, little
ornamentation
limited food prep.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Good bar, some
ornamentation, good
ornamentation
Good lighting & service
Complete
HVAC.
Complete
HVAC.
442 Bar/Tavern
These buildings are designed primarily for the service and consumption of beverages.
They include a combination of the following areas: Consumption, serving, preparation, receiving and storage,
and restrooms. Good bar/taverns normally include some minor food service facilities. They also include
suitable office areas, all necessary plumbing and electrical connections for the bar and limited food preparation
equipment.
Since bars/taverns have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617
The following are not included in the costs: Bar fixtures, kitchen equipment, seating, restaurant fixtures,
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Drywall or plaster, carpet
and vinyl, some
ornamentation
Complete
HVAC.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Cheap brick or block, very Low-cost finishes, small
plain
office, storage
Average
Brick, block, plain
trim
4 - 228
Typical neighborhood bar, Adequate lighting and
carpet, vinyl comp., small outlets, small restrooms
game area
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
and glass panels,
ornamentation
ornamentation, good
carpet, vinyl and ceramic
floors
limited food prep.
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain
Low-cost finish, small
office, storage
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Comp.
H.V.A.C.
Average
trim
game area
Complete
HVAC.
Good
and glass, some
ornamentation
ornamentation, good
carpet, vinyl and ceramic
floors
limited food prep.
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
panels, lined and
tile, small office and
storage area
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
front, very plain
construction
tile, small office and
storage area
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
and glass, little
ornamentation
game area
Complete
HVAC.
443 Central Bank
This occupancy also includes savings and loan institutions where the design is similar to a bank. Exteriors
have some ornamentation at all quality levels with the better qualities using stone, ornamental concrete, brick
and/or solar glass. The interiors have plaster or drywall with special detailing in some areas. There are
additional general administrative office floors that are not included in occupancy 304 (Bank). Some office
area may be open and located in the same general area as the main banking services. Floor finishes usually
are terrazzo, carpet, vinyl composition tile or vinyl sheet flooring. These buildings have drive-up windows,
night depositories, surveillance systems and vaults on the banking floor.
Restroom interiors of the higher quality levels are tiled and have high quality commercial fixtures. Lighting is
usually recessed fluorescent fixtures.
September 2002
4 - 229
Occupancy Reference
The following are not included in the costs: Vault doors, banking equipment, safe deposit boxes or exterior
canopies and yard improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete panels
vinyl tile
adequate restrooms
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, good lobby
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, marble,
terrazzo, carpet, good
offices
Good fluorescent ceiling
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
concrete panels
vinyl tile
adequate restrooms
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
or block backup, tinted
glass, good lobby
Plaster or drywall, marble, Good fluorescent ceiling
terrazzo, carpet, good
admin. offices
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
trim
some terrazzo or tile, vinyl outlets, adequate
composition
restrooms, TV circuits
Good
glass panels
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting, good offices
Excellent
Marble or granite, bronze
and solar glass, good
lobby entrance
Plaster and paneling, vinyl Best lighting and closedwall finishes, carpeting,
circuit TV, quality
terrazzo
restrooms and plumbing
4 - 230
Mechanicals
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good lighting &
Warm and
plumbing, tiled restrooms, cool air
TV circuits
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
or siding, little
ornamentation
hardwood, low-cost
terrazzo, vinyl
composition
outlets, adequate
restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass, EIFS, some
ornamental finishes
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting, good offices
Good lighting &
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone or face brick veneer, Plaster and paneling, vinyl Best lighting and closedgood metal and glass,
circuit TV, quality
good lobby
terrazzo
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels,
adequate fenestration,
some trim
or ceramic
outlets, adequate
restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
trim, good fenestration
Drywall, some trim,
Good lighting &
carpet, vinyl, acoustic tile, plumbing, tiled restrooms
good office space
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
444 Dental Office/Clinic
These are small stand-alone medical clinic buildings designed for dental services with examination and
outpatient treatment. They include a reception/lobby area as well as individual rooms.
Floor finishes are carpet or resilient flooring. Ceilings are acoustic tile and may be on a suspended system.
Most utilize high-intensity fluorescent lighting with the better qualities also having x-ray capabilities and
built-in cabinetry.
Individual treatment rooms have plumbing and sinks. Restrooms are adequate to service the amount of
personnel working in the building.
The following are not included in the costs: Dental chairs, x-ray equipment, autoclaves, office equipment,
permanent examination lights and other dental equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
4 - 231
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick or block, tilt-up, no
trim
acoustic tile, asphalt tile,
small lobby
outlets, adequate
Forced air
Average
panels, some trim
Plaster, drywall partitions, Adequate lighting, power
and plumbing, X-ray, air
composition, carpet
piping
Good
metal panels,
ornamentation
carpet and vinyl
Excellent
stone, top quality
Best plaster, paneling,
carpet and vinyl tile, high- and X-ray outlets, best
cost waiting areas
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good fluorescent lighting, Heat pump
X-ray, lab, dark rooms,
system
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
small lobby
outlets, adequate
Forced air
Average
siding, little trim
Plaster, drywall partitions, Adequate lighting, power
composition, carpet
piping
Good
carpet and vinyl
Excellent
siding, good
ornamentation
Best plaster, paneling,
carpet and vinyl tile, high- and X-ray outlets, best
cost waiting areas
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Package A.C.
system
good plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
small lobby
outlets, adequate
Forced air
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall partitions,
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting, power
piping
Package A.C.
4 - 232
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
small lobby
outlets, adequate
Forced air
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Drywall partitions,
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting, power
piping
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
carpet and vinyl
system
good plumbing
446 Supermarket
These are large self-serve retail food stores that often handle several lines of other merchandise. Items that are
generally classed as real property are included in the costs, i.e., built-in refrigerators, cold rooms and ancillary
cooling equipment. Other items found in this occupancy, which are classed as personal property or trade
fixtures, are not included in the costs.
In this occupancy, 75 to 80 percent of the total store is devoted to space for display with the remainder of the
floor space being utilized for storage, pre-packaging areas and coolers.
For smaller neighborhood markets use lower qualities. Most supermarkets are between qualities 2 and 4.
340 Market
586 Roadside Market
The following are not included in the costs: Display cases, freezers and coolers, furnishings and other trade
fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
35
40
40
45
September 2002
B
35
40
40
45
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
4 - 233
Occupancy Reference
Class A (Fireproof Structural Steel Frame):and Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Plaster or drywall,
glass, small front
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Mechanicals
HVAC
& plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Cheap brick, block, tilt-up, Painted walls, part
pilasters or light frame
rafters, minimum
partitions
Minimum food store
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
glulam, medium steel, or
pilasters
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Package A.C.
Good
Brick, good tilt-up, heavy
steel or glulam frame
rubber or vinyl
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Individual design, heavy
frame, ornamental front
carpet
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
front
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Plaster or drywall,
some trim, metal and glass acoustic tile, vinyl
front
and outlets, small
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
front
rubber or vinyl
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best veneer or siding,
highly ornamental front
carpet
throughout
4 - 234
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
small front
Painted walls, part
rafters, minimum
partitions
Minimum food store
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
little trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, few
partitions, vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, small front
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
trim
Few partitions, acoustic,
vinyl tile
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Plaster, acoustic tile,
rubber or vinyl
good front
etc.
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
447 Cold Storage Facility
Cold Storage facilities are designed to keep stored commodities at various temperature levels. Some
production or process areas are included in the better qualities.
Sharp freezers, freezer rooms, offices, production or process areas are included in the better qualities. The
front elevation will have some ornamental detail and an office/store front type entry. Lower qualities have
cooler storage areas, few partitions and small office areas that are very plain with very little or any front entry
trim or ornamentation.
Cold Storage facilities have specialized cooling/freezing equipment. You should use HVAC type 617
(Complete HVAC) for the HVAC in this occupancy, selecting the quality from the following:
1 (Low): Cooled Air Only
2 (Average): Cooler/Chilled Air
3 (Good): Chiller/Freezer
4 (Excellent): Freezer/Sharp Freeze
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
September 2002
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
4 - 235
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, storefront entry,
fully insulated
Chilled and freezer rooms, Adequate lighting,
good offices and support
plumbing and drains,
areas
some power outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Good
panels, good facade,
heavily insulated
Frozen foods, some good
offices or production,
sharp freeze, cooler areas
Good lighting &
plumbing, outlets and
drains
Complete
HVAC.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Block, tilt-up, very plain, Cooler storage,
Minimum lighting &
light construction, exposed unfinished, few partitions, plumbing
ceiling insulation
small office
Complete
HVAC.
Fair
Cooler, controlled
Block tilt-up, sealed
ceiling and wall insulation atmosphere, sealed rooms
and slab, small office
minimum plumbing
Complete
low-cost
H.V.A.C
Average
bearing walls, block or
tilt-up, insulated
Cooler and chilled rooms,
some distribution offices
and finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Tilt-up, steel frame, good
block, or tapered girders,
heavily insulated
Chilled and freezer rooms, Good lighting, adequate
areas
some power outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Best block, tilt-up, good
storefront, heavy floor,
wall, roof insulation
Good lighting &
drains
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco or siding on wood, Cooler storage,
Minimum lighting &
insulated, exposed ceiling unfinished, few partitions, plumbing
insulation
small office
Complete
HVAC.
Average
wood trusses, fully
insulated
and finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
lined, exposed ceiling
insulation
Cooler storage,
Minimum lighting &
unfinished, few partitions, plumbing
small office
4 - 236
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Pole frame, good insulated Cooler and chilled rooms,
siding or sandwich panels, some distribution offices
good roof
and finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Cooler storage,
Minimum lighting &
exposed ceiling insulation small office
Complete
HVAC.
Fair
Pre-engineered metal
lined and sealed wall and
ceiling insulation
Cooler, controlled
atmosphere, sealed rooms
and slab, small office
minimum plumbing
Complete
low-cost
H.V.A.C.
Average
Rigid steel frame,
insulated siding or
roof
and finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Good steel frame,
sandwich panels,
fenestration, heavily
insulated
Chilled and freezer rooms, Good lighting, adequate
areas
some power outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Good steel frame,
insulated panel walls and
roof, good facade
Complete
HVAC.
Good lighting &
drains
448 Cold Storage, Farm
Cold Storage facilities are designed to keep stored farm commodities at various refrigerated temperature levels.
There is no heating or cooling included.
Better qualities include cooler and chilled rooms, and some distribution office facilities. Lower qualities are
very plain utilitarian structures and have cooler storage areas only.
These facilities have specialized cooling/freezing equipment. You should use HVAC type 617 (Complete
HVAC) for the HVAC in this occupancy, selecting the quality from the following:
1 (Low): Cooled Air Only
2 (Average): Cooler/Chilled Air
3 (Good): Chiller/Freezer
4 (Excellent): Freezer/Sharp Freeze
For controlled atmosphere storage, use occupancy 480 (Vegetable Building) with the following controlled
atmosphere heating and cooling types:
626 Conditioned Air
628 High to Precise Humidity
629 Warmed and Cooled Air
September 2002
4 - 237
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
40
45
D
25
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
35
40
S
25
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, very plain, Cooler storage,
light construction, exposed unfinished, concrete slab
ceiling insulation
water service
None
Average
Block, tilt-up, light
construction, exposed
ceiling insulation
Cooler storage,
small office
None
Good
bearing walls, block or
tilt-up, insulated
some distribution office
and finish
plumbing
HEAT
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding on studs
or box frame, exposed
insulation
Cooler storage,
unfinished, concrete slab
water service
None
Average
Stucco or siding on wood, Cooler storage,
exposed ceiling insulation unfinished, few partitions, plumbing
small office
None
Good
Good wood frame with
stucco or siding, fully
insulated
and finish
plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
exposed insulation
Cooler storage,
water service
None
Average
lined, exposed ceiling
insulation
Cooler storage,
small office
None
4 - 238
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light frame, metal siding, Cooler storage,
exposed insulation
water service
None
Average
Cooler storage,
exposed ceiling insulation small office
None
Good
Rigid steel frame,
insulated siding or lowcost sandwich panels
None
and finish
plumbing
450 Cotton Gin
These structures provide for the ginning and baling of cotton. The better qualities are automated, with the
lower qualities being semiautomated. Costs include the entire building including the necessary foundation
tunnels, service electrical and plumbing, but not the power wiring or machinery and equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
25
30
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light metal frame and
siding, few openings
Minimum partitions,
semiautomated, concrete
slab and tunnels
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
None
Average
Steel frame, good steel or
aluminum siding, some
trim
Finished office and control Adequate lighting &
areas, fully automated,
plumbing
concrete slab, pit and
tunnels
None
451 Multiple Residence, Senior Citizen (Low Rise)
These structures are three stories or less where each unit has individual kitchen and bath facilities and a small
recreation or lounge and laundry areas associated with congregate housing for the elderly. The best qualities
have combined heating and cooling systems. They also have plaster, paneling, good detailing in molding and
trim and high cost floor finishes.
September 2002
4 - 239
Occupancy Reference
The structures commonly are solid masonry or wood frame walls (Class C and D). Some of the special
refinements found include task lighting, railings, intercoms, television jacks and antennas, emergency call
systems and handicap units.
The typical story height for these structures is nine feet.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances, balconies, furnishings and
recreation equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Fair
sash, asphalt shingle roof
Drywall or plaster, carpet,
Adequate standard lighting
& plumbing per good codes
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, some trim,
asphalt shingle or built-up
roof
Plaster/drywall, hardwood,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extras and
handicap units
Hot water
Good
Good brick/stucco on block, Good plaster or drywall,
good trim, roof structure and painted, hardwood, carpet,
roofing
vinyl composition
Good lighting & plumbing,
some extras, emergency call
system
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick, concrete/metal
panels, good roof structure
and roofing
Good lighting, many outlets, Heat pump
some special plumbing
system
fixtures
Good plaster, paper,
paneling, good detail,
independent/congregate
living
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding,
very plain, minimum
fenestration
Drywall and paint, asphalt
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per code
Electric
baseboard
4 - 240
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Fair
Stucco or siding, standard
built-up rock
Forced air
Average
Stucco or siding, some trim,
average code construction
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
handicap units
Hot water
Good
Good stucco/siding, some
brick or stone trim, good
roof
composition, carpet
system
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best stucco or siding, brick
and stone trim, heavy basic
structure
living
system
fixtures
Fair
shingle
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer, some
Plaster or drywall,
ornamentation, average code hardwood, vinyl
construction
composition, carpet
Adequate lighting &
handicap units
Hot water
Good
painted hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
system
Package A.C.
Excellent
and roof
living
system
fixtures
Masonry
Veneer
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
good fenestration
Gypsum board and
composition
Good lighting &
plumbing, some extras,
emergency call system
Package A.C.
453 Industrial Flex Building
Industrial flex mall buildings are the modern multi-tenant loft structures, typically of low-rise construction.
The lower qualities are purely light industrial buildings having minimal subdivisions and finish per shop space
user with overhead door entries. The better qualities have fully finished customer service areas with storefront
entries. Display-office areas in the higher qualities have finished floors and ceilings with good restroom
facilities.
September 2002
4 - 241
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
50
50
55
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
light roof, shop door
entries
Unfinished, slab, open
shop areas only
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per space
Space heaters
Average
Brick, concrete block, tilt- Reception finish and
up, small storefronts
display areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing per space
Forced air
Good
Masonry or concrete,
wood or steel frame, good
entries and trim
adequate restroom and
plumbing
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Finished floors, ceilings
and display rooms, some
extras
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Unfinished, slab, open
shop door entries
shop areas only
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per space
Space heaters
Average
Metal or wood studs,
stucco, siding, small
storefronts
Reception finish and
display areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing per space
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
shop door entries
shop areas only
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per space
Space heaters
Average
siding, lined, small
storefronts
display areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing per space
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light steel frame, siding,
shop door entries
shop areas only
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per space
Space heaters
4 - 242
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding, small storefronts
display areas
Adequate lighting &
plumbing per space
Forced air
Good
Steel frame, sandwich
panels, good entries and
trim
Finished floors, ceilings
and display rooms, some
extras
adequate restroom and
plumbing
Package A.C.
454 Shell, Industrial Building
This occupancy, together with occupancy 994 (Interior Space, Industrial Building) allows you to individually
price the shell and the office/support space costs for an industrial building (in separate sections of the report).
This provides an alternative to the following occupancies, which include both the shell and office/support
space costs:
These building shells are designed to shelter stored materials or light manufacturing processes. There is no
office and support space included. To include these costs, use occupancy 994 (Interior Space, Industrial
Building) in a separate section of the report.
Exterior finishes are masonry or concrete, typically tilt-up panels, or metal siding. Frames are typically light
open metal or glulam structures. Adequate lighting is found throughout the storage or shop area
commensurate with the quality.
The costs include all the power leads to the building and industrial sewer and drainage lines, but do not
include the following: Power panel, power wiring or industrial piping to the fixtures or equipment used in the
manufacturing process, hoists or cranes.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
45
S
35
35
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light tilt-up, panelized
roof, small entry
Unfinished, adequate slab
rough plumbing
None
Low
Light block or tilt-up,
Light concrete slab, no
built-up cover, panelized interior paint
roof, small storefront entry
September 2002
Minimum single-tube
None
fluorescent or high bay (18
footcandles), sewer and
water service
4 - 243
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Light frame or bearing
walls, block or tilt-up,
some trim, storefront,
windows
5” - 6” slab, sealer,
exposed insulation
Adequate general
warehouse lighting and
utilities
None
Good
Good frame and wall
panels, elastomeric roof,
good fenestration
6” - 7” hardened slab,
painted walls
Good fluorescent or high
bay factory lighting and
utilities
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Pole frame, light metal
utility siding, minimal
openings, no storefront
Unfinished, light utility
slab, exposed frame
Minimum utility lighting
and rough plumbing
None
Low
Pole frame, metal siding, Light concrete slab
little fenestration, exposed
insulation
None
Minimum single-tube
water service
Average
lined and insulated, some
trim, storefront, windows
5’’ - 6’’ slab, sealer,
exposed insulation
Adequate general
utilities
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Light pre-engineered
Unfinished, light utility
frame, light metal utility
slab, exposed frame
siding, minimal openings,
no storefront
Minimum utility or high
bay lighting and rough
plumbing
Low
Light steel frame, metal
siding, little fenestration,
exposed insulation
Light concrete slab, no
interior liner
Minimum single-tube
None
water service
Average
Steel frame, siding or
trim, storefront entry,
windows
5” - 6” slab, sealer,
exposed insulation
Adequate general
utilities
Good
Good steel frame, heavy
metal siding, sandwich
panels, good fenestration,
trim
6” - 7” hardened slab,
Good fluorescent or high
some finished wainscot or bay factory lighting and
liner
utilities
None
None
455 Auto Dealership, Complete
These structures include showroom-office and parts-service facilities. Because of the wide range in mix of
facilities, (15 percent to 55 percent showroom) and qualities, it is best to price each area individually, using
4 - 244
September 2002
the appropriate showroom and service repair garage costs. The large open areas used for display typically
have storefronts. There are also some office and storage areas next to the sales cubicles. The service area is
designed primarily for vehicular repair and maintenance. Better qualities will have more showroom space.
The following are not included in the costs: Service equipment, hoists, office furnishings and equipment, or
special signage.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
and glass, good showroom terrazzo display floor,
front
adequate offices, garage
area
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good display, adequate
Warm and
office and service lighting, cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, simple
front, 15% - 25% sales
and office area
balance
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
services
Forced air
Average
storefront, average sales
and service
vinyl composition, office,
sales cubicles
parts and garage lighting
in balance
Package A.C.
Good
showroom front, good
sales and service
good office area, garage
finish
Good display, office and
Package A.C.
service lighting, restrooms
Excellent
Masonry, metal or
concrete, highly
ornamental, over 30%
sales
Plaster, good acoustic
panel, best display floors,
sealed work floors
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, simple
front, 15% - 25% salesoffice area
balance
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
services
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 245
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Siding, veneer trim,
showroom front, average
sales and service
sales cubicles
in balance
Package A.C.
Good
Masonry veneer, good
front and trim, good sales
and service
finish
Package A.C.
Excellent
Masonry veneer, EIFS,
highly ornamental, over
30% sales
Plaster, good acoustic
panel, best display floors,
sealed work floors
throughout
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal on pole frame,
simple storefront, 15% 25% showroom
balance
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
services
Forced air
Average
storefront, average sales
and service
sales cubicles
in balance
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall, simple
storefront, 15% - 25%
sales-office area
balance
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
services
Forced air
Average
Sandwich panels,
showroom front, average
sales and service
sales cubicles
in balance
Package A.C.
Good
front, good sales and
service
finish
Package A.C.
456 Tool Shed
These structures are small multi-purpose auxiliary type structures which may be used for the storage of small
hand tools, feed supplies or wood, or as a pump hose, etc. Better qualities have a slab, while the lower
qualities have a dirt floor with no electrical or plumbing.
4 - 246
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
15
20
25
30
D
10
15
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Cheap block, windows,
hip or gable roof
Unfinished, good slab
outlets, no plumbing
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost board siding or
box frame, few openings
Unfinished interior, dirt
floor
None
None
Average
Board or metal on exposed Unfinished interior, light
studs, windows, gable roof slab or board floor
None
None
Good
Good siding and windows, Some wainscot, good
hip or gable roof
concrete slab
outlets, no plumbing
None
These structures are of warehouse construction with minimal interior partitioning. Membership stores
typically fall into this category. Low quality structures are unfinished shell types with minimum code
throughout. Better qualities have partitioned offices.
equipment.
319 Discount Store
353 Retail Store
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
30
30
35
35
D
30
30
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
30
30
S
30
30
30
30
W
-----
4 - 247
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap block or tilt-up,
light panelized roof, no
glass storefront
Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum code throughout Space heaters
Average
Average block or tilt-up,
open pipe or wood
columns, some trim
Painted walls, some
partitions, office area,
vinyl composition and
acoustic
Adequate lighting,
Forced air
restrooms, small snack bar
or deli/fast food
Good
Brick, block, tilt-up, open
frame, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
partitioned offices, good
finished ceilings, vinyl
floor
restrooms, good extras
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Siding on box frame or
studs, very plain, no glass
except entry door
Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum code throughout Space heaters
Average
Stucco or siding, open
frame, small front, some
trim
Painted walls, some
acoustic
Adequate lighting,
Forced air
or deli/fast food
Good
frame, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
floor
Package A.C.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Metal panels on light pole Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum code throughout Space heaters
frame, very plain, no glass partitions, concrete floor
storefront
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Single wall on light frame, Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum code throughout Space heaters
very plain, no glass except partitions, concrete floor
entry door
Average
Pre-engineered frame and
siding, small front, some
trim
4 - 248
Interior Finish
Painted walls, some
acoustic
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting,
Forced air
or deli/fast food
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
panels, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
floor
Package A.C.
459 Mixed Retail with Residential Units
These structures are generally two- to three- story buildings with retail use on the first level and one or more
residential units on the upper levels.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, balconies, porches or built-in appliances.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
45
45
50
50
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick or block, bearing
walls, very plain fronts,
simple design
Low-cost general retail
and basic residential
above, no extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per code
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, bearing or
light frame, plain
storefronts
Average retail mix and
Adequate lighting &
finishes, few extras,
plumbing per unit
standard residential above
Good
Face brick, best block,
some mansard trim, good
display fronts
Above-average retail
finishes, good residential
units above
September 2002
Package A.C.
standard fixtures per unit
4 - 249
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost wood or stucco,
very plain, small fronts,
simple design
and basic residential
above, no extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing per code
Forced air
Average
Stucco, siding, plain
storefronts, minimum
fenestration
Adequate lighting &
plumbing per unit
standard residential above
Good
Best siding, EIFS,
masonry veneer, good trim finishes, good residential
and display fronts
units above
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Adequate lighting &
heavy brick walls, trusses, finishes, few extras,
plumbing per unit, tiled
good wood sash
standard residential above baths
Hot water
460 Shell, Neighborhood Shopping Center
461 Shell, Community Shopping Center
462 Shell, Regional Shopping Center
465 Food Booth, Prefabricated
Prefabricated food booths are small pre-engineered mini-mart convenience outlets that cater primarily to a
transient trade for self-service snack foods and beverages. The better booths will have public restrooms and
limited hot or deli food preparation and service areas. Lower qualities are minimum code throughout.
For site-built structures, see occupancy 531 (Mini-Mart Convenience Store).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 250
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
20
25
30
D
20
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
20
25
30
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Painted steel panels, low
cost sash and fascia
composition, limited
partitions, built-in cooler
Minimum display wiring
and plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Sandwich panels, small
front, some trim or
mansard
Typical food booth, some
extras, adequate support,
cooler areas
Package A.C.
approximately one
plumbing fixture each 175
square feet
Good
Good enameled
prefinished steel, good
front, masonry trim
Good acoustic, ceramic
tile, security partitioning,
walk-in box
restroom, standard fixtures
466 Boat Storage Shed
These shed buildings are designed for dry boat storage and include costs for the storage racks. Structures are
typically designed with an open front and only three exterior walls of either wood frame or steel construction.
Floors are either concrete or asphalt. Security lighting can be found in the better qualities. Special
foundations, piers or floatation systems must be added separately. Boat lifts or hoists are not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
20
S
15
15
20
20
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
End walls only, low-cost
siding and rack framing
Unfinished, asphalt floor None
or gravel, minimum racks
Average
Open front, metal or board Unfinished, asphalt floor,
on light pole frame and
average racks
rack
Good
Open front, good metal
siding on pole frame and
rack
September 2002
Mechanicals
None
Unfinished, light concrete Security lighting, no
plumbing
racks
HVAC
None
None
None
4 - 251
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, rack framing
Unfinished, asphalt floor None
or gravel, minimum racks
None
Average
Open front, metal siding
on light frame and rack
average racks
None
Good
siding on steel rack and
frame
Unfinished, light concrete Security lighting, no
plumbing
racks
None
None
467 Boat Storage Building
These buildings are designed for dry boat storage and include costs for the storage racks. A small office and
shop area as well as electrical wiring and water service can be found at the better qualities.
Special foundations, piers or floatation systems must be added separately. Boat lifts or hoists are not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
20
25
30
30
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding
minimum racks
water outlets
None
Average
enameled siding
Some partitions, shop
area, light floor, average
racks
water service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost siding, light
steel frame
minimum racks
water outlets
None
Average
Metal siding on steel
frame
Some partitions, shop
area, light floor, average
racks
water service
None
Good
Good metal on heavy steel Small office, concrete
frame
floor, good racks
Adequate electrical, some
plumbing
None
4 - 252
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost siding, slant
frame
Unfinished, minimum
racks
Minimum, see above
None
Average
Metal on slant frame
Some partitions, average
racks
Minimum, see above
None
Good
Good metal on heavy steel Small office, concrete
slant frame
floor, good racks
Adequate electrical, some
plumbing
None
468 Material Storage Shed
These light commercial structures are designed for the open, unsecured storage of building materials such as
roofing rolls, bags of sand, cement, etc. Walls are usually either block or some type of metal or wood over the
frame. Roof systems are either steel or wood, and the floors are concrete or asphalt. Some lighting will be
found at better qualities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
15
20
25
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, block, light
shed cover
Unfinished, asphalt floor
None
None
Average
Open one side, block, steel Unfinished, light concrete Few lights on front
or wood truss, average
or asphalt floor
cover
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, board
siding/frame
None
None
Average
Open one side, wood or
stucco on open wood
frame
or asphalt floor
September 2002
None
4 - 253
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
frame
None
None
Average
Open one side, good metal Unfinished, light concrete Few lights on front
on pole frame
or asphalt floor
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, steel
frame/siding
None
None
Average
on steel frame
or asphalt floor
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, steel
frame/siding
None
None
Average
on steel slant frame
or asphalt floor
None
469 Freestall Barn
These are typically large open structures providing free access to stalls and feed areas and include concrete
alleyways and curbs in better qualities.
316 Dairy
561 Feeder Barn
440 Milkhouse
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 254
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
25
30
30
Class
H
15
25
30
30
M
-----
P
15
25
30
30
S
15
25
30
30
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Wood frame, board siding Some paved alleyways,
dirt stalls, metal freestalls
water
None
Average
Siding on wood frame,
some wall curtains
Concrete alleys, curbs,
dirt, metal freestalls
Adequate lights, outlets,
water service
None
Good
Good panels, gable roof,
insulated or sheathed
Half concrete and dirt,
good curbs and stalls,
wainscot, freestalls
Good lighting and alley
plumbing
None
Excellent
Good siding, heavy frame, All concrete alleys and
ventilated walls and roof floor, contoured, good
metal freestalls
Good wiring, lights, water None
service, drains
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
fabric cover, open side
walls and ends
paved alleyways, dirt
stalls, freestalls
water
None
Low
cover, side/end curtains
Minimum electrical,
adequate water
None
Average
Greenhouse pipe frame,
wire panels, wall curtains, dirt, metal freestalls
shaded roof
Minimum electrical,
adequate water
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Metal roof, pole frame, no Paved alleys, dirt stalls,
walls
freestalls
water
None
Low
Metal on pole frame
Some paved alleyways,
water
None
Average
Metal siding on pole
frame, some wall curtains
water service
None
Good
plumbing
None
Excellent
metal freestalls
September 2002
Interior Finish
service, drains
4 - 255
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Steel roof, frame, no walls Paved alleys, dirt stalls,
freestalls
water
None
Low
Some paved alleyways,
water
None
Average
some wall curtains
water service
None
Good
plumbing
None
Excellent
metal freestalls
service, drains
470 Equipment (Shop) Building
These light commercial equipment buildings are for the storage and maintenance of equipment. They will
have better electrical circuit and built-in shop features not found in utility buildings or storage sheds. Walls
are usually either block or some type of metal or wood over the frame. Roof systems are either steel or wood,
and the floors are concrete or asphalt.
For structures with extensive shop or office areas, use occupancy 528 (Service Repair Garage).
Service equipment is not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
20
25
30
30
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Concrete block, light roof, Unfinished, concrete or
windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Good
overhead doors
4 - 256
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
shop area and cabinets
adequate plumbing
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open wood frame,
exposed siding or stucco,
windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
Heavy wood frame, siding Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
or stucco, overhead doors shop area and cabinets
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered pole
windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
Good pole frame, color
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
metal siding, windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
Good frame, color siding,
overhead doors
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Good
Good slant frame, color
adequate plumbing
Average
Pre-engineered slant
frame, metal siding, light
panels
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
HVAC
Space heaters
471 Light Commercial Utility Building
Utility buildings have many uses, such as general material, commodity or equipment storage and are generally
lighter than typical warehouse buildings. Interior modifications can turn it into any one of several uses. Walls
are usually either block or some type of metal or wood over the frame. Roof systems are either steel or wood,
and the floors are concrete or asphalt.
Small office areas with heating can be found at the better qualities.
September 2002
4 - 257
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
20
25
30
30
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete block, light roof, Unfinished, concrete or
windows
asphalt floor, some
partitioning
water outlets
None
overhead doors
Good lighting, water
service, few fixtures
Electric wall
heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Small office area, light
floor, few extras
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Wood frame, board siding Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
Minimum electric service
None
Average
Open wood frame,
exposed siding or stucco,
windows
water outlets
None
Good
Heavy wood frame, siding Small office area, light
or stucco, overhead doors floor, few extras
Electric wall
heaters
asphalt floor, some
partitioning
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light pole frame, metal
siding
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
None
Average
Pre-engineered pole
windows
asphalt floor, some
partitioning
water outlets
None
Good
Good pole frame, color
siding, overhead doors,
some trim
floor, few extras
Electric wall
heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
None
4 - 258
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
metal siding, windows
asphalt floor, some
partitioning
water outlets
None
Good
Good frame, color siding, Small office area, light
overhead doors, some trim floor, few extras
Electric wall
heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light steel slant frame,
siding
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
None
Average
metal siding, end windows asphalt floor, some
partitioning
water outlets
None
Good
Good slant frame, color
siding, overhead doors,
some trim
Electric wall
heaters
floor, few extras
472 Equipment Shed
These light commercial three-walled buildings are designed for the storage and maintenance of equipment.
Walls are usually either block or some type of metal or wood over the frame. Roof systems are either steel or
wood, and the floors are concrete or asphalt. The better qualities will generally have good electrical circuits
and/or water service.
For structures with extensive shop or office areas, use occupancy 528 (Service Repair Garage).
The following is not included in the costs: Service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
15
20
25
25
4 - 259
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open front, concrete
block, light wood rafters
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
Open front, block or lowcost brick, wood rafters
Unfinished concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open front, exposed
frame, siding or stucco
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
Open front, light frame
and rafters, siding or
stucco
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Open front, enameled
siding on wood pole frame asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Good
and pole frame
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
siding on steel frame
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Space heaters
Good
and steel frame
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
siding on steel slant frame asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
Good
and steel slant frame
4 - 260
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
adequate plumbing
September 2002
473 Material Shelter
These light commercial urban structures have many uses. These shelters are open (non-walled) sheds used as
weather shades for commodities, equipment, etc. Roof systems are either steel or wood, and the floors are
concrete or asphalt. These structures are generally heavier than their farm counterparts, with adequate
security lighting at the better qualities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
20
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel flat roof on light wood posts, asphalt floor, no electrical
Average
No walls, steel shed or flat roof on wood posts and girders, light slab floor, minimum electrical
Good
No walls, composition or steel gable roof on wood rafters and posts, concrete floor, security lighting
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel, fiberglass or shade netting, flat roof on low-cost pipe, asphalt floor, no electrical
Average
No walls, heavy fabric or steel shed or flat roof and girders on good steel posts, light slab floor,
minimum electrical
Good
No walls, steel gable roof and truss on steel column, wide span, concrete floor, security lighting
Very Good
No walls, large bulk commodity canopy structure, heavy frame and floor, good electrical
474 Poultry House, Enclosed Cage Operation, One Story
These structures are designed to house hens used for commercial laying. Costs given are averages for
complete environmental buildings.
Quality is influenced by roof and framing systems, the amount and character of the fenestration, floor systems
(e.g., slab or wood), the amount of interior finish, and the lighting and plumbing systems.
September 2002
4 - 261
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block, adequate
fenestration, clear-span
roof, ventilated
Unfinished, low-cost
concrete or wood floors
Adequate electrical
service, water service
None
Average
Concrete block, insulated Painted, concrete or wood
roof, good fenestration and floors, some partitions
ventilation
Good lighting and outlets, None
water service
Good
Brick or block, heavy roof, Paint and sealant, good
well insulated, good
plank or concrete slab
fenestration
with drains
Wiring in conduit, highlevel lighting, water
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood siding, insulated,
ventilated
Unfinished, cheap slab or
wood
Adequate services
None
Average
Good siding and windows, Plywood ceilings, concrete Good lighting and outlets, None
insulation, good frame,
floors, some partitions
water service
vents and roof
Good
Brick veneer or best
stucco, good fenestration,
insulation
Finished interior walls,
good plank or concrete
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Metal on poles, sidewall
vents
Unfinished, cheap floor
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
insulation, ventilated
Adequate electrical
None
4 - 262
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pole frame, metal,
insulated
Concrete floors, some
partitions
None
Good
fully insulated-sheathed,
good openings
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Light frame, sidewall
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
Steel siding, insulated,
sheathed
partitions
None
Good
Best steel panels, insulated Finished interior walls,
interior, sheathing, good
fenestration
floor with drains
service
None
475 Poultry House, Floor Operation
These structures are designed for the care and housing of poultry at ground level. Costs given are averages of
several types of buildings with predominantly dirt floors.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
20
25
25
D
15
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
20
S
15
15
20
20
W
-----
476 Farm Implement Building
Implement buildings are for storage and maintenance of farm equipment. These structures will have lighter
gauge materials or fewer interior finishes than their commercial counterparts. They will have better electrical
September 2002
4 - 263
Occupancy Reference
circuits and built-in shop features not found in utility buildings or storage sheds. Walls are usually either
block or some type of metal or wood over the frame. Roof systems are either steel or wood, and the floors are
light concrete or asphalt.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
25
30
30
D
20
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
20
25
25
S
20
20
25
25
W
20
20
25
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Block, steel or wood roof
structure, good
fenestration
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
Adequate water, electrical None
service and outlets
Good
Reinforced block, steel or
wood truss, good roof
cover
Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, None
tool cabinets, shop area
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open wood frame,
exposed board siding,
shingles, windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
Wood frame and truss,
wood siding or stucco
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Unfinished, light floor,
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
good doors, windows
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
siding, sheathing
water service
4 - 264
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
good fenestration
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
Steel frame and truss, steel Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, None
or aluminum siding
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Light steel slant frame and Unfinished, light floor,
siding
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
Light steel slant frame and Unfinished, concrete or
siding, good doors, light
asphalt floor, some
panels
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
Steel slant frame and
truss, pedestrian and
overhead doors
water service
477 Farm Utility Building
Utility buildings have many uses, such as general material, commodity or equipment storage, and use lighter
gauge material than their commercial counterparts. Interior modifications can turn it into any one of several
uses. Walls are usually either block or some type of metal or wood over the frame. Roof systems are either
steel or wood, and the floors are light concrete, asphalt or dirt at the lower qualities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
20
25
30
D
15
15
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
15
20
25
S
15
15
20
25
W
15
15
20
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Block, cheap brick, light
roof
Cheap slab or asphalt
None
September 2002
4 - 265
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Brick, concrete block, clay Unfinished walls, slab or
tile, wood rafters,
plank floor
windows
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate wiring and
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Wood frame, board siding Unfinished, dirt floor
on exposed studs, sliding
door
None
Average
Wood frame, siding or
stucco, windows
Unfinished walls, cheap
asphalt or slab floor
Adequate wiring and
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, sliding door entry
only
None
Average
windows, walkdoor
Adequate wiring and
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light steel frame, metal
only
None
Average
metal siding, windows,
walkdoor
Adequate wiring and
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Light steel slant frame and Unfinished, dirt floor
only
None
Average
Light steel slant frame and Unfinished walls, cheap
walk door
Adequate wiring and
None
478 Farm Implement Shed
Equipment shed buildings are for storage and maintenance of farm equipment. These structures are typically
designed with an open front and only three exterior walls of either wood frame or steel construction. Floors
are light concrete, asphalt, gravel or dirt. Electrical and water service is commensurate with the quality.
4 - 266
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
25
30
D
15
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
20
25
S
15
20
20
25
W
15
20
20
25
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, cheap block,
shed roof
Unfinished, gravel floor,
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
Open one side, block, light Unfinished, light concrete Adequate water, electrical None
roof, some end-wall
or asphalt floor, some
service and outlets
fenestration
cabinets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open front, box frame,
siding
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
Open one side, wood
frame, siding, some endwall fenestration
Unfinished, light concrete Adequate water, electrical None
service and outlets
cabinets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Open one side, metal on
pole frame, some end-wall or asphalt floor, some
service and outlets
windows
cabinets
Low
frame
few extras
Minimum services
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum services
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Open front, metal on steel Unfinished, gravel floor,
frame
few extras
September 2002
4 - 267
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
steel frame, some end-wall or asphalt floor, some
service and outlets
windows
cabinets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Open front, metal on light Unfinished, gravel floor,
slant frame
few extras
Average
steel slant frame, some
light panels
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum services
None
service and outlets
cabinets
479 Farm Utility Storage Shed
These structures are designed with an open front and only three exterior walls of either wood frame or steel
construction. The interior is usually unfinished, with no doors and a dirt floor. No electrical or water service
is included in the costs. They can be used for commodity or equipment storage only (no repair shop) or as a
livestock loafing shed.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
15
20
25
25
D
10
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
10
15
20
20
S
10
15
20
20
W
10
15
20
20
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open one side, cheap
block, shed roof
Unfinished, no doors, dirt
floor
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open one side,
plywood/post frame
floor
None
None
Average
Open one side,
plywood/box frame
floor
None
None
4 - 268
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Open one side, boards
heavy timber
floor
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
pole frame
floor
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open one side, steel
frame/siding
floor
None
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Open front, metal on light Unfinished, no doors, dirt
slant frame
floor
480 Vegetable Building, Environmental
For Controlled Atmosphere HVAC, use the following HVAC types:
626 Conditioned Air
628 High to Precise Humidity and Cooling
629 Warm and Cooled Air
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
30
30
35
35
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Built-up steel sandwich
envelope-cavity wall and
roof, insulated
Dirt floor, concrete center Adequate electrical and
plenum, catwalk, attached water service
fan room
None
Fair
roof, insulated
Elevated concrete floor,
plenum, catwalk, attached water service
fan room
None
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 269
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
roof, insulated
Concrete floor and plenum Adequate electrical and
with ventilated metal
water service
deck, fan room
481 Museum
These buildings are designed for long-term display of works of art, crafts, natural history, etc., and include
exhibit-gallery, collection storage, vault, workshop, sales, lecture-meeting, theater, food service areas, etc.,
Costs include the basic building display structures and necessary permanent lighting, electrical connections
and security, but do not include any display cases, food equipment, movable trade fixtures and chattels or
works of art.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
40
50
55
55
D
35
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
45
50
50
S
35
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
architecture
Drywall, terrazzo, good
exhibition, work areas,
good lecture facilities
plumbing and
surveillance, kitchenette
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good masonry, concrete
panels, good architecture
and entry
detail, marble, terrazzo,
many extras, theater
Special lighting and
security system, good
plumbing, kitchen
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost brick, block, tilt- Painted, acoustic and
up
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, little trim
Drywall, some
composition, terrazzo,
some extras
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and security
Package A.C.
Good
panels, good architecture
Drywall, terrazzo, good
exhibition, work areas,
good lecture facilities
Good lighting and
surveillance, adequate
plumbing, kitchenette
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 270
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
trim, best masonry, good
entrance
and detail, terrazzo,
marble, many extras,
theater
security system, good
plumbing, kitchen
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall, plywood,
very plain, small lobby
acoustic tile, wood or
asphalt tile floors, few
extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, minimum
gallery facility
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer, good stucco, Drywall, some
trim, ornamental entrance ornamentation, vinyl
composition, terrazzo,
some extras
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and security
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
finished interior, small
lobby, very plain
Drywall, plywood,
extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, minimum
gallery facility
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel frame, metal siding,
lobby, very plain
Drywall, plywood,
extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing, minimum
gallery facility
Forced air
482 Convention Center
These structures are large open arena-auditorium-type facilities for short-term meeting and/or trade showdisplay of products. The better facilities will have varied multi-functional space with movable partitions and
ancillary eating and entertainment facilities.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
55
55
September 2002
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
45
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
4 - 271
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
architecture
Plain exhibit space and
Adequate lighting &
meeting rooms, few extras plumbing, sound system,
food service
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Heavy frame, metal or
architecture
Good exhibit hall, meeting Good lighting and sound
rooms and lobby, some
extras
and kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Special architecture, good Large clear-span halls,
materials, good entrance
good meeting rooms,
and lobbies
theater, grand ballrooms
sound system and
plumbing, kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
architecture
Adequate lighting &
Plain exhibit space and
meeting rooms, few extras plumbing, sound system,
food service
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
architecture
Good exhibit hall, meeting Good lighting and sound
extras
and kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Special architecture, good Large clear-span halls,
good meeting rooms,
and lobbies
theater, grand ballrooms
sound system and
plumbing, kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, light frame
Painted, acoustic tile,
carpet
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, little trim, good
conference-type facility
Drywall, some
lobby
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, sound system,
food service
Package A.C.
Good
Steel columns and girders, Plain exhibit space,
face brick, best
average meeting rooms,
ornamental block
few extras
and kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, good
entrance and lobby
4 - 272
Good exhibit hall, meeting Special lighting, good
sound system and
extras
plumbing, kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall, acoustic tile,
very plain
carpet
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Good stucco, some trim,
good conference-type
facility
Drywall, some
lobby
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, sound system,
food service
Package A.C.
Good
Steel and Glulam frame,
trusses & girders, brick
veneer, best stucco
Plain exhibit space,
average meeting rooms,
few extras
and kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Good exhibit hall, meeting Special lighting, good
heavy frame, good
sound system and
entrance and lobby
extras
plumbing, kitchens
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Minimum lighting,
Few partitions, acoustic
frame, low-cost hotel-type tile, carpet, tiled restrooms plumbing and sound
system
facility
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel or aluminum panels, Few partitions, acoustic
Minimum lighting,
low-cost hotel-type facility tile, carpet, tiled restrooms plumbing and sound
system
Forced air
483 Fitness Center
These buildings are complete multi-sport, commercial recreational complexes distinguished by large
gymnasium/auditorium-type structures with private-membership and public-community center facilities.
These multipurpose buildings will include gym-basketball, handball-racquetball, bowling and other sport
courts, rinks, varied swimming-natatorium facilities, running tracks, as well as exercise, craft, game and other
social-multipurpose exercise rooms. The number of varied amenities and support facilities (locker room,
sauna, snack bars, etc.) will vary with the quality level. Equipment and trade fixtures associated with these
amenities are not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
September 2002
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
4 - 273
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
architecture
Good main gym or rink,
multisports courts,
natatorium, many extras
and locker rooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Special architecture, good Top sports finish,
elaborate finishes, many
and lobby
extra facilities and rooms
Best sports lighting,
plumbing, many extras
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Basketball floor, swim
ornamentation, small front pools, good multipurpose
rooms
Adequate lighting,
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Good
Brick, best block, metal
multisports courts,
and locker rooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best masonry, good
curtain walls, good
entrance and lobby
Top sports finish,
elaborate finishes, many
extra facilities and rooms
Best sports lighting,
plumbing, many extras
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Stucco or siding on
Basketball floor, swim
Glulam frame with girders pools, good multipurpose
or trusses
rooms
Adequate lighting,
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Good
Brick veneer or best stucco Good main gym or rink,
on heavy frame, good
multisports courts,
entrance
and locker rooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
small front
Basketball floor, swim
pools, good multipurpose
rooms
Adequate lighting,
and locker rooms
Package A.C.
Good
panels, good frame,
entrance
multisports courts,
and locker rooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 274
September 2002
484 High School (Entire)
This occupancy includes the entire school facility, which includes a mixture of classrooms, multipurpose
building, administrative offices, etc. The schools plant may consist of one building or several separate
buildings, and encompasses grades nine or ten through twelfth.
The following are not included in the costs: Swimming pools, movable furnishing or equipment, exterior
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl
High level lighting, audio- Hot and
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
glass
vinyl
High level lighting, audio- Hot and
visual wiring, good
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
plumbing
September 2002
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 275
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
face brick
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamental
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
wood floors
& plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
best stucco
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
glass, ornamental
vinyl
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Heat pump
system
4 - 276
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
& plumbing
asphalt tile
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
composition
features
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
485 Natatorium
These structures are designed as specialized gymnasium-type structures for aquatic sports. Swimming pools
and viewing facilities commensurate with the quality are included.
The number of amenities and support facilities (locker room, sauna, snack bars, etc.) varies with the quality
level. Equipment and trade fixtures associated with these amenities are not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Steel columns and girders, Acoustic treatment, tiled
face brick, best
surfaces, good competition outlets, tiled showers and
ornamental block
pools and detail
restrooms
Good
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, good
entrance and lobby
HVAC
Heat pump
system
Good main pool, viewing
facilities, high-cost
finishes, many extras
system
features
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete floor, some tile,
single pool, minimal
finish
& plumbing
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 277
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel or glulam trusses or
tilt-up
Plaster or drywall, tile
Adequate lighting &
wainscot, Olympic or good plumbing, shower rooms
municipal pools
Good
Steel columns and girders, Good tile surfaces and
face brick, best
detail, competition pools,
ornamental block
viewing facilities
Package A.C.
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light frame, siding or
stucco, very plain
finish
& plumbing
Forced air
Average
siding, little trim
Plaster or drywall, tile
Adequate lighting &
municipal pools
Good
veneer, best stucco
Good tile surfaces and
detail, competition pools,
viewing facilities
tiled showers and
system
restrooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
insulation
finish
& plumbing
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
insulation
finish
& plumbing
Forced air
Average
Plaster and drywall, tile
Adequate lighting &
municipal pools
Package A.C.
486 Field House
Field houses are large gymnasium-type structures designed for indoor and outdoor sports and practice
facilities. The better quality structures will include complete spectator and team facilities commensurate with
the quality.
4 - 278
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
face brick, best
cool air
ornamental block
(zoned)
Good
panels, solar glass
Good exhibition floor,
varied sports and spectator good plumbing, extra
chilled water
facilities
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost finishes,
minimal support facilities, & plumbing
synthetic flooring
Average
Adequate lighting &
Steel or glulam, trusses or Multisport fields, some
courts, cotilt-up
recreation/sports activities
Good
face brick, best
system
ornamental block
Excellent
Heavy frame, best
entrance and lobby
some arena finishes and
spectator facilities
Mechanicals
HVAC
Space heaters
Package A.C.
cool air
features
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
siding, very plain
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
Space heaters
Average
siding, little trim
Multisport fields, some
Adequate lighting &
courts co-recreation/sports plumbing, locker rooms
activities
Package A.C.
Good
veneer, best stucco
Intramural and
system
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 279
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
entrance and lobby
some arena finishes and
spectator facilities
cool air
features
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Lowest
wall, very plain
Little or none, no dressing Minimum lighting and
rooms or showers, practice restrooms
field only
Ventilation
Low
insulation
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
Space heaters
Average
little trim
Adequate lighting &
courts, corecreation/sports activities
Package A.C.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
Single wall, very plain
Little or none, no dressing Minimum lighting and
rooms or showers, practice restrooms
field only
Ventilation
Low
insulation
Low-cost finishes,
synthetic flooring
Space heaters
Average
trim
Adequate lighting &
courts, coplumbing, locker rooms
recreation/sports activities
Package A.C.
Good
brick or stone trim
Intramural and
system
487 Vocational School
This occupancy includes the entire school facility that includes a mixture of classrooms, multipurpose
buildings, administrative offices, etc. The schools may consist of one building or several separate buildings.
This occupancy's emphasis is on trade and technical skills with a greater proportion of shops and laboratories.
4 - 280
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
45
45
45
D
35
40
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
40
S
35
40
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, some
hardwood or vinyl
composition
Good lighting, many
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, some sealed
concrete
Best fluorescent fixtures
and outlets, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, some
hardwood or vinyl
composition
Good lighting, many
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, some sealed
concrete
Best fluorescent fixtures
and outlets, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
concrete, some trim
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
Good
face brick
slab
September 2002
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 281
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
metal panels, tile, some
ornament
enamel, carpet and vinyl,
some sealed concrete
Best lighting and wiring,
good plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, very plain
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, vinyl
best stucco
slab
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, enamel, glazed or Best lighting and wiring,
or stone veneer, metal and vinyl finishes, some carpet good plumbing
glass, ornamental
and vinyl
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some interior finish,
insulation
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
little trim
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
Good
stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
slab
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pre-engineered, some
finished interior,
insulation
Painted walls, some
sealed concrete
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
Package A.C.
asphalt tile
4 - 282
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
slab
and outlets, good
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
488 Bookstore (School)
These buildings are designed for retail student sales and display. They have limited sales, lounge area, storage
and office commensurate with the quality. The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs,
trade fixtures and equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting,
minimum plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
block, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, carpet or
vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
face brick
composition or carpet
adequate plumbing
Heat pump
system
September 2002
4 - 283
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
Drywall, acoustic tile or
drywall ceilings, asphalt
tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
best stucco
composition
adequate plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim
plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
trim
plumbing
asphalt tile
Forced air
489 Jail, Police Station
Police stations are basically law enforcement facilities with a limited number of jail cells. Sallyport facilities
commensurate with the quality are included.
The costs include jail hardware but do not include kitchen, laundry or recreational equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 284
A
45
50
55
55
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain
Painted concrete, some
plaster, acoustic tile, and
asphalt tile, slab
Adequate lighting &
holding cells
Heat pump
system
Average
Plaster or drywall, ceramic Good lighting, plumbing,
tile, acoustic tile, and
security and sallyport,
asphalt tile, good concrete good holding facility
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Best block, concrete,
masonry and glass, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall, ceramic Good lighting, plumbing,
tile, acoustic tile, carpet
security for law
and asphalt tile
enforcement center
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best brick, stone,
good lobby
Plaster, vinyl wall
terrazzo, vinyl tile, good
detail
Best lighting, plumbing
and security, major
command center
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, very plain
Unfinished walls and
floors, low-cost ceilings
and floors in public areas
Minimum plumbing and
lighting, minimum
administrative and cells
Forced air
Average
Block or brick, concrete,
some ornamentation on
front
Painted walls, few
partitions, some acoustic
and vinyl composition,
slab
Adequate lighting &
holding cells
Package A.C.
Good
Heavy stone or brick
masonry, some
ornamentation
vinyl and ceramic floors,
good slab
good holding facility
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Face brick, stone,
glass, good lobby
Plaster, paneling, carpet
ceilings, best
administrative
security for law
enforcement center
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Painted walls, acoustic tile Adequate lighting &
or drywall ceilings, some plumbing, some extras,
asphalt tile, slab
holding cells
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, vinyl
best stucco
slab
September 2002
good holding facility
Package A.C.
Heat pump
system
4 - 285
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster, paneling, carpet
lobby
ceilings, best
administrative
Mechanicals
HVAC
security for law
enforcement center
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
490 Kennel
This occupancy is predominantly for the boarding of small animals and has limited examination and
treatment facilities. The better qualities include the large public animal control facilities. Costs include the
cages and enclosed runs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Cheap block
Unfinished, workroom and Minimum services, good
runs only
drains
None
Low
Block or tilt-up, plain
entry
Drywall, small office,
Minimum lighting &
grooming, minimum cages plumbing
and runs
Wall furnace
Average
Brick, partially finished
interior, some trim
Adequate lighting &
vinyl comp., cages & runs, plumbing, few extras,
low-cost animal control
small restroom
Forced air
Good
block, good trim and
fenestration
good masonry kennels,
large animal control
facility
Good lighting &
plumbing, good locker,
shower and restrooms
Package A.C.
Very
Good
Face brick, block or
concrete, good entrance
and trim
Plaster, ceramic, glazed
and epoxy finishes,
indoor exercise facilities
Good lighting &
plumbing, lab, better
animal control facility
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick, stone or
concrete, metal and glass,
good lobby and trim
Plaster, carpet, glazed and Good electrical and
epoxy finishes, indoor
plumbing, best pet hotel
exercise facilities
and salon
4 - 286
Mechanicals
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
Plywood or low-cost
boards
runs only
drains
None
Low
Stucco or siding, finished
interior
Minimum lighting &
and runs
Wall furnace
Average
trim or low-cost brick
veneer
Adequate lighting &
vinyl comp., cages & runs, plumbing, few extras,
small restroom
Forced air
Good
Good brick veneer, siding
or stucco trim and
fenestration
good masonry kennels,
facility
Package A.C.
Very
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Plaster, ceramic, glazed
Good lighting &
and epoxy finishes, indoor plumbing, lab, better
exercise facilities
animal control facility
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Good masonry veneer,
metal and glass, best
siding, EIFS, good lobby
Plaster, carpet, glazed and Good electrical and
epoxy finishes, indoor
plumbing, best pet hotel
exercise facilities
and salon
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good lighting &
shower, and restrooms
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
brick trim, insulated,
finished interior, lobby
Drywall, some vinyl
comp., cages and runs,
facility
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extras,
small restroom
Forced air
Low
plain entry
Minimum lighting &
and runs
Wall furnace
Lowest
Metal on light pole frame
runs only
drains
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
runs only
drains
None
Low
Metal on light frame,
plain entry
Minimum lighting &
and runs
Wall furnace
September 2002
Mechanicals
4 - 287
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Insulated sandwich panels Drywall, vinyl
or metal with finished
composition, cages and
interior, lobby
runs, low-cost animal
control facility
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extras,
small restroom
Forced air
Insulated sandwich panels, Plaster or drywall, vinyl,
good trim and fenestration good masonry kennels,
facility
Good lighting &
shower, and restrooms
Package A.C.
491 Government Community Service Building
These public buildings are designed as mixed-use structures, typically found in rural communities, and are
generally smaller and utilitarian in scope. The lower qualities are generally composed of public safety
facilities, volunteer fire, limited office and council meeting rooms and/or small libraries, etc.
The better qualities will have a large proportion of well-finished full-service facilities and will merge into
occupancy 327 (Government Building).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
55
60
B
50
55
55
60
C
45
50
50
55
D
35
40
40
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
50
S
35
40
40
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain lobby
and pavers
Adequate administrative
lighting, restroom
facilities, some extras
Heat pump
system
Average
block, some trim, good
lobby
vinyl tile
adequate restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Paint, few low-cost
public safety, few offices
Minimum administrative
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
wall, brick, block,
Paint, drywall partitions,
Package A.C.
4 - 288
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
concrete panels, some trim mixed use
plumbing
Good
Steel columns, web or bar Plaster or drywall, good
joists, ornamental block or partitions, acoustic tile,
face brick
carpet and vinyl
good restrooms and
system
fixtures
Excellent
Steel frame, masonry and Plaster, paneling, carpet
glass, stone
ornamentation, top quality ceilings, best mixed use
good fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, some
ornamentation
Paint, few low-cost
public safety, few offices
Minimum administrative
lighting & plumbing
Forced air
Average
Wood frame or pipe
mixed use
plumbing
Package A.C.
Good
Steel or glulam frame and Plaster or drywall, good
joists, brick veneer, glass, partitions, acoustic tile,
best stucco
carpet and vinyl
good restrooms and
system
fixtures
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, paneling, carpet
or stone veneer, metal and and terrazzo, suspended
glass, ornamental
ceilings, best mixed use
good fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
Drywall, acoustic tile, few Minimum administrative
partitions, public safety,
lighting & plumbing
some town offices
Forced air
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood, low-cost
terrazzo, vinyl
composition
outlets, adequate
restrooms
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim
Drywall, acoustic tile, few Minimum administrative
partitions, public safety,
lighting & plumbing
some town offices
Forced air
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
or ceramic
Package A.C.
September 2002
outlets, adequate
restrooms
4 - 289
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
brick or stone trim
Drywall, some trim,
Good lighting &
carpet, vinyl, acoustic tile, plumbing, tiled restrooms
good mixed use
Package A.C.
This occupancy, together with occupancy 993 (Interior Space, Office Building), allows you to individually
price the shell and the tenant improvement costs for an office building (in separate sections of the report).
This provides an alternative to occupancy 344 (Office Building), which includes both the shell and tenant
improvement costs.
These building shells are designed for commercial occupancies and are normally subdivided into smaller units
for tenant use. Costs include the basic building shell and service core (lobby) area finishes only
(commensurate with the building class and quality). Only rough electrical and plumbing are included, except
for the lobby finishes and core restrooms.
You can add interior build-out (tenant improvement) costs using occupancy 993 (Interior Space, Office
Building), which you must enter in a different section.
The following are not included in the costs: Signs, tenant improvement build-out, and office furnishings or
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
45
50
50
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
493 Flathouse
These structures are large grain or rice storage structures. Aeration, loading and unloading systems are not
included in the costs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 290
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
45
45
D
25
30
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
40
40
S
25
30
40
40
W
25
30
40
40
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Concrete walls, light roof
storage
Adequate electric service
None
Good
Steel truss, good concrete, Heavy-duty floor and stem Good wiring and lighting
metal or composition
wall, grain, rice, storage,
shingle roof
etc.
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Post frame, siding or
stucco, bulkheads
Finished walls, good slab, Adequate wiring and
grain storage
lighting
Good
Heavy wood frame, siding Finished walls, heavy-duty Good wiring and lighting
or stucco, sheathing
concrete slab and stem
wall
HVAC
None
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Post frame and truss,
metal siding, sheathing,
bulkheads
Lined walls, good slab,
grain storage
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Good
Heavy laminated frame,
metal siding, sheathing
Sealed walls, heavy-duty
concrete slab and stem
wall
Good wiring and lighting
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
heavy steel panels,
bulkheads
storage
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Good
Heavy steel frame and
truss, heavy steel panels
Heavy concrete slab and
stem wall, grain, rice
storage, etc.
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel slant frame and
truss, heavy steel panels,
bulkheads
storage
Adequate wiring and
lighting
None
Good
Heavy steel slant frame
and truss, heavy steel
panels
Heavy concrete slab and
stem wall, grain, rice
storage, etc.
None
September 2002
4 - 291
Occupancy Reference
These buildings are designed to shelter manufacturing processes. There is an average amount of office and
support space commensurate with the quality included, typically for light industrials, between 4 and 25
percent. This includes suitable locker, break and lunchroom facilities to accommodate the personnel load.
Offices may be single story or stacked. Single-story offices may have softwood flooring storage mezzanine
overhead as part of the office area costs.
Exterior finishes are masonry or concrete, typically tilt-up panels or metal siding. Frames are typically light
open metal or glulam structures. The interiors, except for the office area, will usually have little or no interior
finish. Fluorescent lighting is found throughout both the office and shop with the office area having better
quality fixtures.
include the following: Power panel, power wiring or industrial piping to the fixtures or equipment used in the
manufacturing process, hoists or cranes.
This occupancy includes both shell and office/support space costs for a light industrial building. To price each
separately (using two separate occupancies in two separate sections), use the following occupancies:
454 Shell, Industrial Building
994 Interior Space, Industrial Building
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
40
45
50
D
35
35
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
45
S
35
35
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
little fenestration, precast
floors
Painted walls, few offices, Minimum lighting &
very plain and open
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
storefront entry
finished floors and
plumbing
ceilings in offices
Hot water
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little fenestration, precast
floors
Painted walls, few offices, Minimum lighting &
very plain and open
plumbing
Average
Brick, formed concrete, or Painted walls and ceilings, Adequate lighting &
precast walls, little trim,
finished floors and
plumbing
storefront entry
ceilings in offices
4 - 292
Mechanicals
Space heaters
Hot water
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Very plain, brick, block,
or tilt-up, few openings
Small office area,
unfinished floors and
ceilings
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Light frame or bearing
walls, brick, block or tiltup, some trim
Painted walls and exposed Exposed conduit,
frame, small finished
offices
adequate plumbing
Good
Bearing walls or frame,
brick, concrete panels,
good glass storefront
Some finished walls,
finished floors and
ceilings in offices
Space heaters
Good fluorescent lighting, Space heaters
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood studs or frame,
cheap stucco or siding
Unfinished, low-cost slab, Minimum lighting &
small office, minimum
plumbing
code
Space heaters
Average
Wood studs, stucco, wood
rafters and sheathing,
some trim
Drywall, finished office
area, exposed rafters or
trusses
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Good frame with stucco or Some good offices and
siding, some
interior finish
ornamentation
Good lighting, exposed
conduit, adequate
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
insulated, few openings
Low-cost slab, few
partitions, small office
Minimum code, factory
lighting
Space heaters
Average
fully lined and insulated
Finished office area, slab,
some floor finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
lined and insulated, some
trim, glass entry
interior finish
conduit, adequate
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light steel frame, steel or
aluminum siding, few
openings
Low-cost slab, unfinished
interior, small office
Minimum code, factory
lighting
Space heaters
Average
Steel frame, steel or
trim
Finished office area, slab,
some floor finish
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
September 2002
4 - 293
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
panels, good glass
storefront entry and trim
interior finish
conduit, adequate
plumbing
Space heaters
495 Industrial Heavy Manufacturing
Buildings designed for heavy specialized manufacturing processes and power or utility service plants. There is
an average amount of office or support space commensurate with the quality included, typically for heavy
industrials, between 4 and 12 percent.
Heavy Industrials are characterized by their typically heavy frames, craneways, walls and floors. The
structural support will greatly influence the cost and quality selection. Exterior finishes are thick masonry or
concrete, or heavy gauge metal siding. The interiors, except for the office, stores or shop areas, usually have
minimal interior partitions and are large open areas. Lighting may consist of many heavy-duty or spark-proof
fixtures.
include the following: Power panels, power wiring or industrial piping to the fixtures or equipment used in the
manufacturing process, hoists, cranes or personnel lifts.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
50
50
55
55
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim
heavy-duty floors, open
plumbing
fabrication
Average
Face brick, metal panels,
industrial glass,
ornamentation
Plaster walls, some trim,
heavy-duty floors, good
offices, craneways
adequate plumbing, locker cool air
rooms
(zoned)
Good
ornamentation
Finished walls and
ceilings, some finished
floors, heavy craneways
Good fluorescent lighting, Hot and
good plumbing, some
chilled water
extras
(zoned)
Excellent
Heavy structural frame
and masonry or concrete
walls
Extra heavy floors,
partitions and craneways,
specialized plant
Excellent lighting &
plumbing, spark-proof
fixtures
4 - 294
Mechanicals
HVAC
Hot water
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick, formed concrete, or Painted walls and ceilings, Adequate lighting &
precast walls, little trim
heavy-duty floors, open
plumbing
fabrication
Average
curtain walls, some
ornamentation
Plaster walls, some trim,
heavy-duty floors, good
offices, craneways
adequate plumbing, locker cool air
rooms
(zoned)
Good
ornamentation
Finished walls and
ceilings, some finished
floors, heavy craneways
Good fluorescent lighting, Hot and
good plumbing, some
chilled water
extras
(zoned)
Excellent
Heavy concrete frame and Extra heavy floors,
masonry or concrete walls partitions and craneways,
specialized plant
Hot water
Excellent lighting &
plumbing, spark-proof
fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
brick, block, or tilt-up,
some trim
Painted walls and exposed Exposed conduit,
frame, small finished
offices, good slab
adequate plumbing
Average
Structural frame, brick,
concrete panels
Heavy slab floors, offices,
stores, some heavy
assembly, craneways
Good fluorescent lighting, Hot water
adequate plumbing, locker
rooms
Good
Heavy steel or concrete
frame, good masonry
walls
Heavy floors, grating,
good partitions and
craneways
good plumbing, some
cool air
extras
(zoned)
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding
Finished office area, good
slab, some floor finish,
open fabrication
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Heavy wood frame, wood
or stucco siding
Heavy slab or mill-type
floors, finished office area, plumbing and locker
some heavy assembly
rooms
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
brick walls, wood trusses
Painted walls, few small
offices, mill-type floors
Average lighting &
plumbing
Steam
Good
brick walls, wood or steel
trusses
Finished walls and
ceilings, some floor finish, modernized plumbing
heavy mill-type floors
September 2002
Steam
4 - 295
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel frame, steel or
trim
Finished office area, good
slab, some floor finish,
open fabrication
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Heavy steel frame, transite Heavy slab floors, offices,
or metal siding, sandwich stores, some heavy
panels
assembly, craneways
conduit, adequate
Space heaters
Good
steel siding, transite,
sandwich panels
Good fluorescent lighting
& plumbing, some extras
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Heavy floors, grating,
good partitions and
craneways
496 Laboratory
Laboratories include commercial and research and development facilities exclusive of lab equipment. Interiors
will have clean surfaces with good enamels, vinyls and glazed tiles and conductive flooring commensurate
with the quality level. Costs include laboratory plumbing, electrical and cabinetry, but not fume hoods.
The better qualities are highly ornamented with good offices, testing areas, research and numerous
workstations.
Since laboratories have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
block, little trim
Low-cost finishes, acoustic Minimum lab lighting &
tile, VCT, plain labs,
production and offices
Complete
HVAC.
Average
Plaster or drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic tile, VCT, carpet, plumbing, some extra
good labs and support
features
Complete
HVAC.
Good
glass
vinyl, good testing and
research
4 - 296
Mechanicals
HVAC
good lab stations and
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
enamel, tile, many
workstations, support
facilities
Best lab plumbing and
lighting, many extras
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Minimum lab lighting &
plumbing
labs and offices
Complete
HVAC.
Average
concrete, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
adequate labs, support
facilities
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and
workstations
Complete
HVAC.
Good
joists, ornamental block or acoustic tile, vinyl or
face brick
carpet, good research &
development
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
ornamental
enamel, tile, carpet, vinyl, plumbing, good lighting
and outlets
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
vinyl comp., plain labs,
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
facilities
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and
workstations
Complete
HVAC.
Good
joists, brick veneer, glass, acoustic tile, vinyl or
best stucco
development
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, brick Plaster, glazed finishes,
or stone veneer, metal and enamel, tile, carpet, vinyl, plumbing, good lighting
glass, ornamental
and outlets
September 2002
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 297
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
vinyl comp., plain labs,
Minimum lab lighting and Complete
plumbing
HVAC.
Average
panels, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT,
facilities
Adequate lighting,
plumbing and
workstations
Complete
HVAC.
Good
brick or stone
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl or
development
Complete
HVAC.
497 Computer Center
Computer centers are electronic data processing plants, including ancillary offices. Most facilities will have a
rather plain exterior appearance with little fenestration. The cost and quality selection will depend primarily
on the amount of interior finish. An amount of raised computer floors are included, commensurate with the
quality level.
The better qualities have a large amount of good support rooms and many offices.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost brick, structural Painted walls, large open
tile, block, concrete panels areas, offices and support
rooms
Average
panels, low-cost metal
panels
Painted walls and ceilings, Fluorescent lighting,
raised floors, office and
adequate restrooms and
support rooms
plumbing, UPS
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, metal panels,
good concrete panels,
ornamentation
Drywall or plaster, raised Good lighting, many
floors, good support rooms outlets, adequate
and offices
plumbing, UPS, EPS
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 298
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Warm and
minimum plumbing, back- cool air
up power
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
brick and metal, with
ornamentation
Plaster, acoustic ceilings,
raised floor, much office
space
Fluorescent lighting, many Hot and
chilled water
UPS & EPS
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost brick, concrete,
block, tilt-up, very plain
Minimum finish and
detail, small office and
support areas
Minimum lighting,
plumbing and
uninterrupted power
supply
Package A.C.
Average
load-bearing walls or
frame
Gypsum board, raised
Adequate lighting &
floors, adequate office and plumbing, back-up power
support areas
supply
Good
Masonry or concrete, some Plaster, raised floors, good Fluorescent lighting,
ornamentation, steel frame support rooms and detail adequate restrooms,
plumbing, UPS & EPS
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Bearing studs and stucco Minimum finish and
or wood siding, very plain detail, small office and
support areas
Average
Light frame or studs,
stucco, siding, EIFS
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum lighting,
plumbing and
uninterrupted power
supply
Package A.C.
Drywall or plaster, raised Fluorescent lighting,
floors, adequate office and adequate plumbing, backsupport areas
up power
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Average
Steel frame, transite, steel Drywall or plaster, raised Adequate lighting &
siding or sandwich panels floors, adequate office and plumbing, back-up power
support areas
supply
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
498 Broadcast Facility
Broadcast facilities are averages of radio and TV stations and include all wiring and conduit necessary for
operation, but not broadcasting equipment. Exterior decorative fronts, entry lobby, studios and ancillary
support offices and facilities will be commensurate with the quality level.
The better qualities will have good presentation studios, some live audience facilities, many offices, good
acoustic design, and good interior finishes and detail.
September 2002
4 - 299
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
55
55
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
45
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Face brick, concrete, some Plaster or gypsum,
ornamentation, plain
suspended ceiling,
entrance
finished lobby, offices,
small studios
lighting & plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Precast concrete, brick,
Acoustic design, some
limestone trim, decorative special finishes, good
front and lobby
main studio, many offices
Studio lighting and
electrical, adequate
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
Special finishes, acoustic
concrete, some good stone, design, good presentation
good entrance
studios
electrical, good plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
plain
studios, vinyl composition, adequate electrical,
minimum facility
minimum plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
plain front and lobby,
some trim
Plaster or gypsum,
suspended ceiling, some
access floor, carpeted
lobby
Heat pump
system
Good
Good interior finish and
Studio lighting, good
and glass, decorative front detail, good studios, many electrical and plumbing
and lobby
offices
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick, stone,
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
lighting & plumbing
Special finishes, acoustic Special lighting and
design, high-cost finishes, electrical, good plumbing
good main studio
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
trim, plain entry
minimum facility
minimum plumbing
4 - 300
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick veneer, good stucco Plaster or gypsum,
or siding, some trim, plain suspended ceiling, some
front and lobby
lobby
lighting & plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
or siding with good front
and lobby
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Special finishes, acoustic Special lighting and
EIFS, good entrance and design, high-cost finishes, electrical, good plumbing
lobby
good main studio
Studio lighting and
detail, good studios, many electrical, adequate
offices
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
small entrance
minimum facility
minimum plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
some trim
Plaster or gypsum,
lobby
lighting & plumbing
Heat pump
system
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
interior, little trim, plain
entry
minimum facility
minimum plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Sandwich panels, or
ornamentation
Plaster or gypsum,
lobby
Heat pump
system
Good
Studio lighting and
detail, good studios, many electrical, adequate
offices
plumbing
lighting & plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
499 Dry Cleaners/Laundry
These structures are designed for full-service laundry cleaning, including typical retail storefront and laundry
workspace commensurate with the quality level. Better qualities have an area for a small amount of in-house
cleaning. The costs do not reflect the costs of a dry cleaning plant.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs and laundry or cleaning equipment.
September 2002
4 - 301
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Acoustic tile, vinyl
front, some ornamentation composition in sales area,
sealed concrete
outlets and plumbing
Evaporative
cooling
best tilt-up, good front
adequate plumbing
Good store finish, carpet
or vinyl, standard
unfinished work area
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
front
Finished sales, plain work Adequate lighting &
area
plumbing
Good
brick veneer, good front,
ornamentation
Good store finish, carpet
or vinyl, standard
unfinished work area
adequate plumbing
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Evaporative
cooling
Evaporative
cooling
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Metal panels, little
ornamentation, plain front composition in sales area,
sealed concrete
508 Car Wash Canopy
Canopy structures to support car wash facilities. Costs include the canopy structure and supports, flooring,
walls and electrical commensurate with the quality. The low cost represents light shading for waiting or auto
detailing areas with minimum paving and electrical service, and with no walls. The fair to average quality are
the average to good service or entry canopies with good column supports, roofing, soffit finish, concrete floor
and lighting without walls. The good to excellent canopy is for the wash tunnel canopies or enclosures with
some walls, roofing, concrete floor, drains, sump and electrical commensurate with the quality range.
The following are not included in the costs: Car wash equipment and yard improvements.
For Car Wash Service Building, use occupancy 436 (Car Wash, Automatic).
4 - 302
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
15
20
25
30
D
15
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
20
25
30
W
-----
Class C (Masonry Bearing Walls), Class D (Wood or Steel Framed Exterior Walls) and Class S (Metal
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Description
Lowest
No walls, light steel, fiberglass or shade netting roof on low-cost pipe, asphalt,
minimum electrical, auto detail area
Low
No walls, shade, patio cover, metal or wood, minimum electrical, concrete
paving
Fair
No walls, average canopy, decorative columns, adequate lighting, concrete
floor
Average
No walls, entrance, service canopy, metal or wood frame, finished soffit,
lighting, concrete floor
Good
Some tunnel knee walls or column ornamentation, good roof and supports,
electrical, concrete floor, drains
Very
Good
Good tunnel walls and roof structure, open ends, concrete floor, good
electrical and drains, sump, no heat
Excellent
Good tunnel walls and doors, concrete, built-up or steel roof, concrete floor,
lighting, drains, sump, no heat
511 Drugstore
These buildings include both small neighborhood pharmacies and the large chain discount-type stores with a
variety of merchandise departments including convenience foods containing built-in refrigerators.
The better qualities have some storefront and well-finished interiors. Some storage and office areas
commensurate with the overall quality of the building are included.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs, display freezers and cooler or other trade
fixtures, checkout or prescription and food service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
45
50
September 2002
B
40
45
45
50
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
4 - 303
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, VCT, small
private or chain outlet
Adequate lighting, outlets, Warm and
plumbing and pharmacy
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
brick, bar joists, built-up
roof
minimum retail finish,
typical low-end chain
pharmacy, small
Package A.C
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Drywall, some vinyl,
composition tile
Adequate lighting,
restrooms, prescription
and sundries departments
Package A.C.
Good
good storefront and
ornamentation
vinyl comp., includes
typical mini-drive-thru
standard fixtures and
pharmacy
Excellent
Face brick, best design,
Typically best variety type, Good departmental
highly ornamental exterior good acoustic, vinyl tile
lighting, good pharmacy
and carpet
and convenience foods
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
small front, little trim
Adequate lighting, plumb. Package A.C
and pharmacy, small
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Drywall, some vinyl,
composition tile
Adequate lighting,
restrooms, prescription
and sundries departments
Good
storefront entrance
vinyl comp., includes
typical mini-drive-thru
Good lighting and outlets, Package A.C
standard fixtures and
pharmacy
Excellent
Typically best variety type, Good departmental
design, highly ornamental good acoustic, vinyl tile
lighting, good pharmacy
exterior
and carpet
and convenience foods
Package A.C.
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Steel panels, finished
interior, small front, little
trim
Adequate lighting, plumb. Package A.C
and pharmacy, small
4 - 304
HVAC
September 2002
514 Community Center
These buildings are complete municipal multi-sport recreational complexes distinguished by large
gymnasium/auditorium-type structures. These multipurpose buildings will include gym-basketball, handballracquetball, bowling and other sport courts, rinks, varied swimming-natatorium facilities, running tracks, as
well as exercise, craft, game and other social-multipurpose exercise rooms. The number of varied amenities
and support facilities (locker room, sauna, snack bars, etc.) will vary with the quality level. Equipment and
trade fixtures associated with these amenities are not included.
311 Clubhouse
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Steel columns and girders, Meeting and activity
Adequate lighting &
face brick, best
rooms, gym or rink, sports plumbing, locker rooms,
ornamental block
courts, municipal pools
catering kitchen
Good
Heavy frame, best
masonry walls, good
entrance and lobby
HVAC
Heat pump
system
Good main court, rink,
pools, viewing and food
facilities, many extras
cool air
features, spa
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Light frame, block or tiltup, very plain, small
entrance
Sports flooring, main gym Minimum sports lighting Package A.C.
or rink only, few extra
& plumbing, small kitchen
activities
Average
Light frame, block or tiltup, good entrance and
lobby
Sports flooring, some tile, Adequate sports lighting
main gym or rink, single & plumbing, lockers,
pool or sports courts
kitchen
Good
Steel or Glulam trusses or Meeting and activity
Good lighting &
tilt-up, good trim
catering kitchen
September 2002
HVAC
Package A.C.
Heat pump
system
4 - 305
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Excellent
Steel columns and girders, Good main court, rink,
face brick, best
ornamental block
Mechanicals
HVAC
features, spa
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
stucco, very plain, small
entrance
activities
Average
stucco, good entrance and
lobby
kitchen
Package A.C.
Good
siding and trim
Meeting and activity
Good lighting &
catering kitchen
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Steel or Glulam frame,
veneer, best stucco
Good main court, rink,
features, spa
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
interior, small entrance
activities
Average
Good metal panels, front
and lobby, some trim
kitchen
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Meeting and activity
Good lighting &
catering kitchen
Package A.C.
Heat pump
system
515 Casino
These buildings are designed mainly for gaming and entertainment, and include bars and lounges, showrooms,
retail and food service facilities commensurate with the quality level.
The costs include security and sound system, with better qualities having special lighting, stages, separate
parlor and betting rooms, and restaurants.
The following are not included in the costs: Gaming or food service equipment.
4 - 306
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost block, tilt-up
Very plain, VCT, carpet,
few extras
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Heat pump
sys.
Average
Block, concrete panels,
some trim, good entry
Drywall, vinyl, carpet,
Adequate lighting &
Warm and
pavers, some lounge,
plumbing, security system, cool air
betting rooms, coffee shop bar and kitchen
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, concrete and
glass panels, good
architecture, entry
Good gaming floor,
betting, lounge and food
areas, some good
ornament
Very
Good
Good architecture and
trim, steel frame, best
masonry
Central gaming,
Special lighting and show
restaurants, retail, show,
sound system, good
betting and meeting rooms plumbing, security
Good lighting and security Warm and
system, good plumbing,
cool air
food services
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall, some acoustic,
Minimum lighting &
very plain, low-cost entry VCT, carpet, few rooms or plumbing, limited lounge
extras
and food prep.
Average
Adequate lighting &
Warm and
(zoned)
Good
Brick veneer, best stucco,
EIFS, siding, good trim,
ornamental front
Good gaming floor,
betting, lounge and food
areas, some good
ornament
Good lighting and security Warm and
system, good plumbing,
cool air
food services
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Metal panels, very plain
Drywall, VCT, carpet, few Minimum lighting &
extras
plumbing
Average
Metal sandwich panels,
Adequate lighting &
Warm and
(zoned)
September 2002
HVAC
Heat pump
sys.
4 - 307
Occupancy Reference
516 Fellowship Hall
These church buildings are designed as multipurpose structures for recreation and social gatherings and
include gymnasium-type flooring, stages, kitchens, and other miscellaneous rooms commensurate with the
quality.
This occupancy includes recreation lighting and sound systems consistent with the overall quality of the
building.
The following are not included in the costs: Recreation, kitchen, seating, tables, or any other church
equipment.
For church sanctuaries, use occupancy 309 (Church).
For church greeting rooms, use occupancy 517 (Narthex/Foyer)
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
50
B
45
45
50
50
C
40
40
45
45
D
35
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
40
S
35
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, small stage
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, kitchen, some
extras
Package A.C.
Good
or metal panels, good trim acoustic tile, carpet and
good plumbing and
kitchen
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Painted walls, acoustic tile Minimum recreation
lighting & plumbing
asphalt tile
Space heaters
Average
concrete, some
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl, carpet
or hardwood, small stage
area
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, small kitchen,
some extras
Forced air
Good
face brick
vinyl, stage
Package A.C.
4 - 308
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Excellent
walls, good trim
wood athletic floor, stage, plumbing, kitchen, tiled
good detail
surfaces
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
siding, very plain
Concrete floor, some vinyl Minimum lighting &
plumbing
finish
Space heaters
Low
siding, little
ornamentation
asphalt tile, some carpet
Minimum recreation
lighting & plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Wood frame or pipe
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl, carpet
or hardwood, small stage
area
Adequate lighting &
some extras
Forced air
Good
best stucco
vinyl, stage
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
some insulation
plumbing
finish
Space heaters
Low
finished inside, insulated,
little trim
lighting & plumbing
Space heaters
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl comp., carpet or
area
Adequate lighting &
some extras
Forced air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
insulation
plumbing
finish
Space heaters
Low
interior, insulated, little
trim
lighting & plumbing
Space heaters
September 2002
4 - 309
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
vinyl comp., carpet or
area
Adequate lighting &
some extras
Forced air
Good
brick or stone trim
Plaster or drywall,
vinyl, stage
Package A.C.
517 Narthex/Foyer
These structures are greeting rooms that usually abut or lie between the church sanctuary and fellowship
facilities. The better qualities may include special lighting, sound systems and some stained glass windows
consistent with the overall quality of the building.
The following are not included in the costs: Church equipment.
For church sanctuaries, use occupancy 309 (Church).
For church recreation/meeting halls, use occupancy 516 (Fellowship Hall)
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
60
60
B
45
50
60
60
C
40
45
50
60
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Mechanicals
HVAC
small entry, stone trim
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
vinyl tile
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry and doors,
trim
sound system and
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 310
Interior Finish
vinyl tile
September 2002
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost siding or block,
very plain
Painted masonry or
drywall, plywood trim,
asphalt tile, very plain
sound
Forced air
Average
Good siding or block,
stone trim, small entry
Drywall, vinyl
ornamental detail
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Good
Masonry veneer or brick,
stone trim, good entrance
and architecture
terrazzo
Good lighting &
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Fine masonry and doors,
trim
Finest plaster and fine
wood detail, carpeting,
marble, vinyl tile
sound system and
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
518 Greenhouse Lath Shade House
These light buildings are designed as shade houses for various plants and vegetables. They have spaced lath
walls and roof, and include some gravel flooring and concrete walks. Costs include some minimum electrical
outlets and hose bibs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
20
25
25
30
W
-----
4 - 311
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood skeleton frame,
spaced wood lath
walks
Equipment outlets and
hose bibs
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Metal skeleton frame,
spaced aluminum lath
walks
Equipment outlets and
hose bibs
None
These light structures are open (non-walled) shelters designed as sunshades for various plants and vegetables.
They have shade netting roofs on either wood posts or steel pipe column and cable supports. The floor is dirt
and there is minimum hose bibs and no electrical. The better qualities will have light pipe or post girders
instead of cable and some gravel floor covering.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 312
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
10
15
15
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
10
15
15
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
No walls, wood posts and
cable, flat shade netting
roof
Dirt floor
Hose bibs only
None
Average
Light wood posts and
girders, shade netting
cover
Some gravel
No electrical, hose bibs
only
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
No walls, steel pipe and
cable, flat shade netting
roof
Dirt floor
Hose bibs only
None
Average
Light pipe columns and
girders, shade netting
cover
Some gravel
No electrical, hose bibs
only
None
520 Greenhouse, Modified Hoop (Obsolete)
These greenhouse buildings have modified semicircular (hoop) shape roofs with straight knee wall sides.
They are used to regulate the climate conditions for germination and growing various plants and vegetables.
Frames are light arch-rib wood (Class D) or steel pipe or tube hoops (Class S) with various translucent covers.
The lowest qualities have only polyethylene cover, with fiberglass coverings at average quality. The better
quality structures have good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good quality vents. The floors are
light concrete, gravel or dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical and water service
benches.
September 2002
4 - 313
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
20
30
35
W
-----
521 Greenhouse, Hoop, Arch-Rib (Obsolete)
These greenhouse buildings have semicircular (hoop) shape roofs that curve to the ground to form the sides.
They are used to regulate the climate conditions for germination and growing various plants and vegetables.
Frames are light arch-rib wood (Class D) or steel pipe or tube hoops (Class S) with various translucent covers.
The lowest qualities have only polyethylene cover, with fiberglass coverings at average quality. The better
quality structures have good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good quality vents. The floors are
light concrete, gravel or dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical and water service
benches.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
25
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
10
20
30
35
W
-----
522 Greenhouse, Straight Wall (Obsolete)
4 - 314
September 2002
These greenhouse buildings have straight walls with gable roofs. They are used to regulate the climate
conditions for germination and growing various plants and vegetables. Frames are light wood posts (Class D)
or steel pipe or tube assemblies (Class S) with various translucent covers. The lowest qualities have only
polyethylene cover, with glass or fiberglass coverings at average quality. The better quality structures have
good quality polycarbonate or acrylic covers and good quality vents. The floors are light concrete, gravel or
dirt at the lower qualities. Costs include some electrical and water service commensurate with the quality.
benches.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
20
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
15
25
35
40
W
-----
523 Golf Cart Storage Building
These buildings are designed for the storage of golf carts. They have some unfinished partitioned shop-office
areas with minimum cabinets, lighting, and plumbing.
The following is not included in the costs: Battery-charging equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
-----
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
25
30
30
S
25
25
30
30
W
25
25
30
30
4 - 315
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
siding or stucco, some
ornamentation
good shop area
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered pole
overhead doors
asphalt floor, some shop
area
Space heaters
water service, few fixtures
Good
Good pole frame, colored
siding, some
ornamentation
good shop area
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
metal siding, overhead
doors
area
Space heaters
Good
Good frame, colored
siding, some
ornamentation
good shop area
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pre-engineered slant
overhead doors
area
Space heaters
524 Corn Crib Building
Corn crib buildings are averages of several types of buildings for the dry storage of corn on the cob. The cost
includes a concrete slab or wood plank floor. Walls are wire mesh on a wood skeleton frame at the lower
qualities. The better qualities will have walls composed of wood spaced boards. There is no electrical or water
service.
4 - 316
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood skeleton frame,
spaced boards
Concrete slab or wood
plank
None
None
525 Mini Warehouse, High Rise
High rise mini warehouses are multistory warehouses subdivided into cubicles of generally small size,
designed primarily to be rented for small or non-commercial storage and will include some office-living space
at the better qualities. The density of storage cubicles and ancillary support facilities will influence your cost
level choice.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
45
50
50
B
40
45
50
50
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
some metal and glass
Subdivided cubicles, good Good outlets and lighting, Ventilation
security partitions,
minimum plumbing
office/apartment
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Block, tilt-up, some metal Subdivided into cubicles,
and glass trim
slab, adequate office
Good
Brick, block or tilt-up,
metal and glass, good trim security partitions,
minimum plumbing
office/apartment
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate electrical
service, minimum
plumbing
Ventilation
4 - 317
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Brick veneer, stucco,
EIFS, metal and glass trim security partitions,
minimum plumbing
office/apartment
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
good sandwich panels
security partitions,
minimum plumbing
office/apartment
526 Service Garage Shed
Service garage sheds are buildings designed primarily for vehicular repair and maintenance. These buildings
are characterized by their low cost open fronts (no doors), unfinished interiors, concrete or asphalt floors, and
adequate lighting and outlets. These buildings are typically found in car dealerships and large fleet operations.
Some shop cabinets and workspace is included in the better qualities. Service equipment and hoists are not
included in the costs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
30
35
35
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
25
30
30
S
25
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
End walls only, concrete
block, shed or flat roof
asphalt floor
None
Average
Open front, tilt-up, block,
steel or wood truss,
average cover
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
None
Good
Open front, block or lowcost brick, good roof
adequate plumbing
4 - 318
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
siding on wood pole frame asphalt floor
None
Average
Open front, metal or board Unfinished, concrete or
on light pole frame
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
None
Good
siding on pole frame
adequate plumbing
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
siding on steel frame
asphalt floor
None
Average
siding on light frame
asphalt floor, some
cabinets, work area
None
Good
and steel frame
adequate plumbing
527 Municipal Service Garage
Municipal Service Garages or large fleet complexes include many subdivisions for offices, stores and shops to
support major vehicular maintenance and repair facilities. Exterior walls will have some office fenestration
and numerous openings for overhead doors.
The following are not included in the costs: Service equipment and hoists.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel, concrete or glulam Finished office, painted
frame, masonry curtain or walls, some partitions,
bearing walls
supply areas and shops
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
service outlets, adequate
restrooms
Forced air
4 - 319
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
brick, or concrete panels
interior finish, supply
rooms and shops
Good electrical, lighting
and service outlets, good
restrooms
Package A.C.
Excellent
Good masonry, concrete, Plaster, acoustic tile,
glazed tile, ornamentation, finished floors, good
heavy frame
offices, shops, supply
rooms
lighting & plumbing
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
some frame or bearing,
finished interior
Finished office, some
partitions, supply areas
and shops
restrooms
Forced air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Sandwich panels or metal
with interior finish
Partially finished, finished Adequate lighting and
office area, some
partitions, supply and
restrooms
shop areas
Forced air
Good
and fenestration
interior finish, supply
rooms and shops
restrooms
Package A.C.
Excellent
some ornamentation,
heavy frame
Finished walls & floor,
acoustic tile, good offices,
shops, supply rooms
lighting & plumbing
Package A.C.
528 Service Repair Garage
Service garages are buildings designed primarily for vehicular repair and maintenance. They can consist of all
classes of construction and include small office areas. The size or amount of office area is commensurate with
the overall quality. Exterior walls generally have some large openings for overhead doors and minimal
fenestration.
Service equipment and hoists are not included in the costs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 320
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
35
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Brick, reinforced concrete, Some plaster and glazed
good fenestration
surfaces, offices, masonry
partitions
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good level of lighting,
adequate plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light masonry bearing
walls, light rafters
Unfinished, small
concrete floor
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Masonry bearing walls
Unfinished, small finished Adequate lighting and
with pilasters, light trusses office area, some supply
service outlets, small
area
restroom
Space heaters
Good
Steel, concrete or glulam Finished office, painted
frame, masonry curtain or walls, some partitions
bearing walls
restrooms
Space heaters
Excellent
brick, decorative block or
concrete panels
restrooms
Forced air
supply rooms, good fleetmunicipal type
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Cheap frame, stucco or
siding
Unfinished, small office
area, concrete floor
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Light wood frame, siding
or stucco
office area, some supply
area
restroom
Good
Wood frame, good siding, Partially finished, finished Adequate lighting and
brick veneer or stucco and office area, some
fenestration
partitions
restrooms
Space heaters
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
metal siding
Small partitioned office
Minimum lighting &
area, concrete floor, utility plumbing
type
Space heaters
Average
lined and insulated
Small finished office area, Adequate lighting and
some supply area
restroom
Space heaters
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 321
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light, Pre-engineered,
utility-type building
Unfinished, small office
area, concrete floor
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
Single wall with some
interior finish
office area, some supply
area
restroom
Space heaters
Good
Sandwich panels or metal
with interior finish
Partially finished, finished Adequate lighting and
office area, some
partitions
restrooms
Space heaters
529 Snack Bar
These structures have no seating area and include the very marginal seasonal camp-type facility to the best
municipal structure with completely finished food preparation area. The basic snack bar cost includes normal
overhangs commensurate with the quality, but not large canopies. The lower qualities are built to minimum
building and health codes.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies, kitchen or seating equipment and signs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
35
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
40
35
S
20
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Low-cost block
Unfinished interior, open
counter and storage
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
plain
partitions
Minimum code
None
Average
Concrete block, bearing
walls, little trim
Painted walls, some
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Standard block, concrete
panels, some trim
Good lighting, service
wainscot, finished ceiling, outlets and plumbing,
good concrete floor
some extra fixtures
4 - 322
Wall furnace
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Decorative block and trim, Finished interior, good tile Good lighting, restrooms Evaporative
heavy structure, glass or
or glazed surfaces, best
with good fixtures and tile cooling
security shutters
municipal facility
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Box frame, plywood,
boards
counter and storage
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
partitions
Minimum code
None
Average
siding, little trim
Painted walls, some
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Stud frame, good stucco or Enameled walls, some
Good lighting, service
siding, brick veneer
wainscot, finished ceiling, outlets and plumbing,
good concrete floor
some extra fixtures
Excellent
Brick veneer, best stucco Finished interior, good tile Good lighting, restrooms Evaporative
or siding, glass or security or glazed surfaces, best
with good fixtures and tile cooling
shutters
municipal facility
Wall furnace
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
counter and storage
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
finished inside
partitions
Minimum code
None
Average
little trim
Painted walls, some
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
counter and storage
Minimum fixtures
None
Low
panels, finished inside
partitions
Minimum code
None
Average
Good metal panels, lined,
little trim
Painted walls, some
concrete
Adequate lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
September 2002
4 - 323
Occupancy Reference
530 Cafeteria
These structures will have large, open dining rooms for self-service of large groups. They include commercial
as well as institutional facilities with a combination of the following areas: Consumption, production, serving,
receiving and storage, sanitation, and restrooms. They include all necessary plumbing and electrical
connections for kitchen equipment.
Since cafeterias have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617 (Complete
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, kitchen equipment, restaurant fixtures and signs.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
40
40
45
45
B
40
40
45
45
C
35
35
35
45
D
30
30
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
40
S
30
30
35
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Plaster or drywall,
acoustic tile, ceramic,
rubber or vinyl
composition tile
Complete
outlets, adequate plumbing HVAC.
Good
part of a building
Plaster with enamel and
vinyl, carpet and vinyl
flooring, decorated
interior
good plumbing and
HVAC.
restrooms
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Cheap brick or block, very Low-cost food service,
plain, small entry
minimum dining hall
finish, asphalt tile
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, plain Typical neighborhood
building and front
restaurant, vinyl
composition, small
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Good
ornamentation
outlets, tiled preparation
and restrooms
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 324
Typical institutional or
chain cafeteria, vinyl and
ceramic floors
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Excellent
Individual design, brick,
good metal and glass,
ornamentation
Best corporate or chain
Good lighting/restrooms
cafeterias, carpeted dining with good-quality fixtures
room, terrazzo
and tile
HVAC
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
very plain construction,
small entry
Low-cost food service,
minimum dining hall
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
building and front
restaurant, vinyl
composition, small
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Good
and glass, some
ornamentation
Typical institutional or
ceramic floors
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Individual design, brick
veneer, good metal and
glass, ornamentation
Best corporate or chain
Good fixtures, good
cafeterias, carpeted dining restrooms w/good-quality
room, terrazzo
fixtures and tile
Complete
HVAC.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
panels, lined and
insulated, plain entry
minimum dining hall
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Finished interior, very
plain construction, small
entry
minimum dining hall
outlets, minimum
plumbing
Forced air and
ventilation
Average
and glass, little
ornamentation
restaurant, vinyl comp.,
some ceramic or pavers
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Insulated sandwich panels, Typical institutional or
ornamentation
ceramic floors
Complete
HVAC.
Mini-mart food stores are very small convenience outlets, typically 1,000 to 2,000 square feet, that cater
primarily to a transient trade for self-service snack foods and beverages. The better stores will have public
restrooms and limited hot or deli food preparation and service areas. Lower qualities are minimum code
throughout.
September 2002
4 - 325
Occupancy Reference
For prefabricated food booths, use occupancy 465 (Food Booth, Prefabricated).
340 Market
446 Supermarket
586 Roadside Market
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
25
30
30
S
25
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Minimum block, small
front
Minimum finish and
partitions
Minimum code throughout Package A.C.
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Typical food booth,
composition, adequate
support
restroom
Good
good front and
ornamentation
some snack prep. area
public restrooms, standard
fixtures
Excellent
Decorative block, brick,
good glass entrance
tile, good pavers, limited
food prep. area
Good lighting, good
fixtures and plumbing,
tiled restrooms
Package A.C.
HVAC
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
front
Minimum finish and
partitions
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Typical food booth,
support
restroom
4 - 326
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
front
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Pole frame, metal, lined,
low-cost sash and fascia
Minimum finish and
vinyl composition
Minimum code, display
wiring and plumbing
Package A.C.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Metal panels, glass, lined
interior
Minimum booth finish
and partitions
Average
Good panels, small front,
some trim or mansard
Typical food booth,
support
restroom
Good
Good enameled
prefinished steel, good
front, masonry trim
fixtures
Excellent
Best metal panels, trim,
good glass entrance
tile, good pavers, limited
food prep. area
Good lighting, good
fixtures and plumbing,
tiled restrooms
Package A.C.
Package A.C.
532 Florist Shop
These structures are convenience stores for the sale of cut flowers, with the better stores containing finished
display areas for other gift merchandise.
The following are not included in the costs: Display cases, coolers and other trade fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
50
50
45
September 2002
B
55
50
50
45
C
35
40
40
45
D
30
35
35
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
35
40
S
30
35
35
40
W
-----
4 - 327
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
acoustic, some vinyl tile
and carpet
adequate plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
brick, low-cost front
minimum finish, sealed
concrete
Minimum code
throughout, minimum
display wiring
Space heaters
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
Acoustic tile, some vinyl
composition, sundry
display area
restroom
Forced air
Good
good storefront and
ornamentation
and carpet
standard fixtures
Excellent
ornamental storefront
Plaster, acoustic tile, some Special lighting, good
good trim
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
front
sealed slab
Average
mansard, parapet
ornamentation
composition, sundry
display area
restroom
Good
front
and carpet
standard fixtures
Excellent
ornamental storefront
Plaster, acoustic tile, some Special lighting, good
good trim
Package A.C.
HVAC
Forced air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Pole frame, metal, lined
Minimum finish and
Minimum code
partitions, sealed concrete throughout, minimum
display wiring
4 - 328
Mechanicals
Space heaters
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Steel panels, partly
finished interior
Minimum finish and
Minimum code
partitions, sealed concrete throughout, minimum
display wiring
Space heaters
These structures are large markets of warehouse construction offering limited perishable products, excluding
any built-in coolers or refrigerated storage. The better qualities will merge into the market occupancy, with a
number of finished major product departments, but excluding any storage-display walk-in boxes. The better
qualities will also have partitioned offices. Low quality structures are unfinished shell types with minimum
code throughout.
340 Market
446 Supermarket
586 Roadside Market
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
35
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
light panelized roof
Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum food store
partitions, sealed concrete lighting & plumbing,
floor
small restrooms
Space heaters
Average
open pipe or wood
columns
Painted walls, some
some vinyl composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Forced air
Good
frame, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
partitioned offices,
composition
Good lighting, plumbing Package A.C.
for frozen food, snack bar,
etc.
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 329
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
studs, very plain
Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum food store
floor
small restrooms
Space heaters
Average
frame, small front
Painted walls, some
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Forced air
Good
frame, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
composition
etc.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Metal panels on light pole Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum food store
frame, very plain
floor
small restrooms
HVAC
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall on light frame, Unfinished, shell type, few Minimum food store
very plain
floor
small restrooms
Space heaters
Average
siding, small front
Painted walls, some
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, few extra
services
Forced air
Good
panels, plain fronts
Plaster or drywall,
composition
etc.
These structures are typical of the large walk-through furniture outlets with a semi-finished showroom and
large carryout warehouse as one complete facility. Low quality structures are unfinished shell types with
minimum code throughout. Better qualities have partitioned offices.
319 Discount Store
353 Retail Store
equipment.
4 - 330
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
35
40
40
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
30
35
35
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
light panelized roof
Unfinished, shell type, few Adequate lighting,
partitions, concrete floor, minimum plumbing
little display finish
Space heaters
Average
open pipe or wood
columns
Painted walls, some
vinyl composition, sales
cubicles
Display, warehouse and
office lighting, small
restrooms
Forced air
Good
trim
Plaster or drywall,
finished showroom
ceilings and floors
lighting, adequate
restrooms
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
studs, very plain
Unfinished, shell type, few Adequate lighting,
Space heaters
Average
frame, plain front
Painted walls, some
cubicles
restrooms
Forced air
Good
trim
Plaster or drywall,
finished showroom
ceilings and floors
lighting, adequate
restrooms
Package A.C.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Metal panels on light pole Unfinished, shell type, few Adequate lighting,
frame, very plain, some
lining
September 2002
Space heaters
4 - 331
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Single wall on light frame, Unfinished, shell type, few Adequate lighting,
very plain, some lining
Space heaters
Average
siding, plain front
Painted walls, some
cubicles
restrooms
Forced air
Good
panels, small front, some
trim
Plaster or drywall,
finished showroom
ceilings and floors
lighting, adequate
restrooms
Package A.C.
537 Lodge
Lodges are generally of rustic design with multiple sleeping units and lobby with some additional plumbing
and kitchen facilities for the additional unrelated number of guests. The better qualities will include large
formal dining and meeting rooms with one or more baths per guestroom.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances, balconies or porches.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
50
D
30
35
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Cheap block or brick,
Painted block, few
composition roof, low-cost partitions, asphalt tile on
sash
slab or softwood
Minimum, common baths Electric wall
heaters
Low
Block or brick, asphalt
Drywall, exposed block,
shingle roof, few windows vinyl composition tile,
cheap hardwood
Minimum standard
lighting & plumbing,
cheap fixtures
Wall furnace
Fair
Adobe, block or brick,
shingle or built-up roof
Adequate standard
lighting & plumbing
Electric
baseboard
4 - 332
Interior Finish
Drywall or tinted plaster,
tile, good softwood
Mechanicals
HVAC
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick or block, local field
stone, wood or good
asphalt shingle,
elastomeric
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, average
carpet
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for each
sleeping room
Forced air
Good
Adobe, brick or good
block and stucco, shakes
or wood shingles
some ornamentation,
carpet or hardwood
one full bathroom per
guestroom
Very
Good
Good adobe, stone, shakes Very good plaster and
Top quality standard
or concrete tile roof on
detail, good-quality carpet fixtures, electrical and
good structure
or hardwood
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Best adobe, cut stone,
heavy roof structure,
shakes, tile, slate
Warm and
cool air
Plaster, ornamental detail, Some special fixtures,
fine carpet, stone, parquet more than one bath per
or plank
guestroom
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Box frame or light studs,
low-cost boards/siding,
windows, composition
roof
Drywall, cheap ceiling or
none, softwood or asphalt
tile on slab
heaters
Low
Low-cost log or siding,
asphalt shingle roof, few
windows
Drywall/tinted plaster,
cheap hardwood
Minimum standard
lighting & plumbing,
cheap fixtures
Fair
Stucco or siding, standard Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate standard
lighting & plumbing
built-up rock
good softwood
Electric
baseboard
Average
Log, stucco or siding,
some trim, wood or good
asphalt shingles
Plaster or drywall,
composition
Adequate lighting &
plumbing for each
sleeping room
Forced air
Good
Good siding or log, light
shakes or good shingles
some ornamentation,
carpet or hardwood
one full bath per
guestroom
Very
Good
Select logs, best siding,
shakes
Very good logs or plaster
and detail, good quality
carpet or hardwood
Top quality standard
fixtures, electrical and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Half-timber, stone trim,
rustic log, heavy rafters,
slate, shakes
Plaster, logs, ornamental
detail, fine carpet, stone,
parquet or plank
Some special fixtures,
more than one bath per
guestroom
Warm and
cool air
Wall furnace
538 Guest Cottage
These cottages or cabins are individual sleeping bungalows without kitchen facilities. The lowest qualities are
camp facilities without plumbing, while the best resort types will contain luxury bathroom suites.
September 2002
4 - 333
Occupancy Reference
537 Lodge
343 Motel
544 Motel, Office-Apartment
Availability: Commercial Estimator only.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
50
D
30
35
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Block or cheap brick, low- Gypsum board and paint,
cost roof and sash
asphalt tile, cheap
hardwood
Minimum standard
low-cost fixtures
Wall furnace
Fair
Block or brick, cheap
fieldstone, asphalt
shingles or built-up rock
partitions
Standard bathroom
fixtures
Electric
baseboard
Average
little trim, wood or good
Gypsum board and paint,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
plumbing, one bath,
standard fixtures
Forced air
Good
Adobe, brick, some trim or Plaster or gypsum board,
good stucco, good roof and paint, paper, hardwood,
fenestration
Good lighting and
plumbing, one bath, some
extras
Package A.C.
Excellent
Face brick, stone, best
windows, heavy roof, tile,
slate, metal
Best lighting and
sleeping room
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Plaster, paint, paper,
paneling, fine hardwood,
vinyl, carpet
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Box frame or light studs, Drywall, cheap ceiling or
screening or cheap siding, none, softwood or asphalt
windows, composition
tile on slab
roof
Minimum electrical, no
plumbing, seasonal use
None
Low
Stucco or siding, asphalt
Drywall, vinyl
shingle roof, few windows composition tile, cheap
hardwood
Minimum standard
low-cost fixtures
Wall furnace
4 - 334
Interior Finish
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Fair
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Stucco or siding, standard Drywall, carpet, vinyl
built-up
partitions
Adequate standard
lighting and bathroom
fixtures
Electric
baseboard
Average
trim, wood or good
Plaster or drywall,
composition
plumbing, one bath,
standard fixtures
Forced air
Good
Siding, log or brick
veneer, some
ornamentation, good
fenestration
paint, paper, hardwood,
Good lighting and
plumbing, one bath, some
extras
Package A.C.
Excellent
Best brick veneer, good
stone trim, heavy roof,
tile, slate, metal
Plaster, paint, paper,
paneling, fine hardwood,
vinyl, carpet
Best lighting and
sleeping room
Package A.C.
539 Bed and Breakfast Inn
These residential-type buildings are designed for transient boarding and are more family in character than
lodges or motels.
Availability: Commercial Estimator only.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
60
65
D
45
50
55
60
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete block and stucco, Drywall, some carpet,
very plain, residential sash asphalt tile, limited
common area
quality, small residential
kitchen
Electric
baseboard
Average
and entrance
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall carpet,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, good dining
area
two bedrooms
Forced air
Good
Face brick, stucco, stone
architecture
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, carpet or
fixtures
Package A.C.
September 2002
Interior Finish
4 - 335
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Fine masonry and
windows, special
Fine interior detail,
Good fixtures, many
bedroom
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain, residential sash
Drywall, some carpet,
asphalt tile, limited
common area
quality, small residential
kitchen
Electric
baseboard
Average
or siding, some trim and
entry ornament
Drywall, carpet,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, good dining
area
two bedrooms
Forced air
Good
and architecture
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, carpet or
fixtures
Package A.C.
Excellent
architecture
Good fixtures, many
bedroom
Heat pump
system
540 Motel Room, 2 Story, Double Row
These buildings are two stories with back-to-back sleeping units and no kitchens. Costs are for the guest
sleeping rooms only. Add for office facilities using occupancy 544 (Motel Office-Apartment).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
Concrete block, residential Painted walls, carpet,
sash
asphalt tile
4 - 336
HVAC
fixtures
Wall furnace
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
commercial style
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick and stone trim, large Plaster/drywall and paint, Good standard lighting &
window areas, typical
good carpet, some built-in plumbing fixtures, TV
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
decorative
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
HVAC
Plaster and vinyl finishes,
good carpet and built-in
luxury items
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
Siding or stucco,
residential sash
Drywall, carpet, asphalt
tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
highly decorative
luxury items
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
541 Motel Room, 2 Story, Single Row
These buildings are two stories with a single row of sleeping units and no kitchens. Costs are for the guest
September 2002
4 - 337
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
sash
asphalt tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
decorative
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
HVAC
composition
luxury items
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
Siding or stucco,
residential sash
tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
highly decorative
Hot and
chilled water
4 - 338
luxury items
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
542 Motel Room, 1 Story, Double Row
These buildings are one story with back-to-back sleeping units and no kitchens. Costs are for the guest
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
sash
asphalt tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
decorative
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
HVAC
composition
luxury items
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
Siding or stucco,
residential sash
tile
fixtures
September 2002
Wall furnace
4 - 339
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
commercial style
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
highly decorative
luxury items
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
543 Motel Room, 1 Story, Single Row
These buildings are one story with a single row of sleeping units and no kitchens. Costs are for the guest
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
sash
asphalt tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
4 - 340
composition
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
decorative
luxury items
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
plain
heater
Low
Siding or stucco,
residential sash
tile
fixtures
Wall furnace
Average
commercial style
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
large chain motel
extras
circuits
Warm and
cool air
Excellent
highly decorative
luxury items
Good lighting, many
TV and FM circuits
Hot and
chilled water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
composition
Adequate lighting &
average fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
This occupancy should used in conjunction with the motel room or independently as typically encountered in
mobile home parks, mini-warehouse developments, etc. It includes basic office lobby and living quarters
commensurate with the quality level.
Costs do not include built-in appliances or fireplaces.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
4 - 341
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Inexpensive block, small
entry, little glass or trim
Registration office only,
low-cost counters, vinyl
composition
Minimum office lighting,
Electric wall
heater
Low
Block or cheap brick, low- Gypsum board and paint,
cost roof, sash and office asphalt tile, low-cost
entrance
cabinets, living quarters
Minimum, low-cost
fixtures and residence
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
commercial front
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
residence fixtures
Forced air
Good
Brick and stone trim, large Plaster/drywall and paint, Good standard lighting
glass areas, good lobby
good carpet, some built-in and apartment plumbing
entry
extras, laundry
fixtures
Package A.C.
Excellent
decorative lobby
Good lighting, many
public restrooms
Warm and
cool air
few extras, carpet, VCT,
adequate apartment
good carpet and common
area items
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
entry
Minimum office only, see
“cheap” above
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Electric wall
heater
Low
Siding or stucco, low-cost
roof, sash and office
entrance
asphalt tile, low-cost
cabinets, living quarters
Minimum, low-cost
fixtures and residence
plumbing
Wall furnace
Average
commercial front
apartment
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
residence fixtures
Forced air
Good
Brick and stone trim, large Plaster/drywall and paint, Good standard lighting
glass areas, good lobby
good carpet, some built-in and apartment plumbing
entry
extras, laundry
fixtures
Package A.C.
Excellent
highly decorative lobby
good carpet and common
area items
Good lighting, many
public restrooms
Warm and
cool air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation,
commercial front
composition, few extras,
adequate apartment
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, average
residence fixtures
Forced air
4 - 342
September 2002
551 Rooming House
These structures can be more commercial style in character than rectories and provide minimum living
quarters for transient occupancy. Lower qualities are plain with minimum electrical and common plumbing.
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, appliances, fireplaces, balconies or any yard
improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Fair
Block or cheap brick, low- Drywall and paint, asphalt Minimum, common baths, Wall furnace
cost roof and sash
tile, softwood, few
sink or lavatory in room
cabinets
Average
little trim, built-up roof or carpet, vinyl composition, common baths, small
asphalt shingles
cheap hardwood
kitchen area
Forced air
Good
Brick, some trim or good
stucco, good roof, good
fenestration
Hot water
Plaster or drywall,
One bath per two rooms,
carpeting, hardwood, vinyl built-in kitchen facilities,
composition
good electrical
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Drywall, softwood or
asphalt tile
heater
Fair
plain
Drywall, softwood, asphalt Minimum, common baths, Wall furnace
tile, few cabinets
sink or lavatory in room
Average
carpet, vinyl composition, common baths, small
cheap hardwood
kitchen areas
Forced air
Good
or siding, some good
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
One bath per two rooms,
carpeting, hardwood, vinyl built-in kitchen facilities,
composition
good electrical
Hot water
September 2002
HVAC
4 - 343
Occupancy Reference
552 Recreational Enclosure
These structures are designed to specifically shelter swimming facilities from the elements. The lowest preengineered structures are light-residential patio-style enclosures only, while the better qualities are typical of
hotel/motel-type facilities with ancillary restrooms, exercise, or lounge finishes commensurate with the quality
level.
Pool costs are not included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
25
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
35
40
40
S
20
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or tilt-up, light
frame, very plain,
composition or metal roof
Light slab area, low-cost
finishes, add for pool
restrooms
None
Average
Ornamental block, brick,
good knee wall or
fenestration, shingles
Concrete deck, few
partitions, add for pool
and spa
water service, small
restrooms
Space heaters
Good
Face brick or block, good
fenestration or good
skylights, operable
windows
Good flooring, lounge
area, add for pool and spa
Good lighting, large tiled
restrooms, some extras,
sauna
Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, light
frame, very plain,
composition or metal roof
restrooms
None
Average
Brick veneer, good siding, Concrete deck, few
good knee wall or
fenestration, shingles
and spa
restrooms
Space heaters
Good
skylights, operable
windows
sauna
Space heaters
4 - 344
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Post frame, low-cost metal Light slab area, low-cost
panels, plastic, screens or finishes, add for pool
knee wall
Mechanicals
HVAC
restrooms
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Screen enclosure only,
light frame
Some concrete, add for
pool
Minimum service
None
Low
Pre-engineered, low-cost
panels, plastic, screens or
knee wall
restrooms
None
Average
Good panels, knee wall or Concrete deck, few
good glazing, insulated
roof panels
and spa
restrooms
Space heaters
Good
skylights, operable
windows
sauna
Space heaters
These structures are small rural office rooms, typically servicing bulk oil plants, grain elevator facilities,
cement plants, etc. The lower qualities are bare office structures with minimum lighting and no plumbing,
while the better qualities include finished floors and ceilings and adequate fluorescent lighting and plumbing.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
35
40
40
D
25
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
35
35
S
25
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Low-cost partitions,
acoustic tile, VCT,
minimal counter and
shelving
Minimum fluorescent
Electric wall
heaters
September 2002
4 - 345
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Good
Block, concrete, structural Drywall, acoustic tile,
clay tile, light roof
structure
composition
Mechanicals
HVAC
plumbing
Wall furnace
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Wood, metal or cheap
stucco on studs, metal or
composition roof
Bare office space, low-cost Few open fixtures, no
paneling, asphalt tile
plumbing
None
Average
wood studs, very plain
acoustic tile, VCT,
minimal counter and
shelving
Minimum fluorescent
Electric wall
heaters
Good
trim
composition
plumbing
Wall furnace
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
on pole frame
plumbing
None
Average
on pole frame or studs
acoustic tile, VCT,
minimal counter and
shelving
Minimum fluorescent
Electric wall
heaters
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
on steel frame
plumbing
Average
Steel panels, sheathing, on Low-cost partitions,
steel studs or self-framing acoustic tile, VCT,
minimal counter and
shelving
None
Minimum fluorescent
Electric wall
heaters
555 Light Commercial Arch-Rib, Quonset
These light commercial buildings have semicircular (culvert) shape roofs that curve to the ground to form the
sides. These buildings have many uses, such as general material, commodity or equipment storage and repair,
and are generally lighter than typical warehouse buildings. Interior modifications can turn them into any one
of several uses. The better qualities will have some built-in shop or workbench cabinetry and adequate
lighting and plumbing.
4 - 346
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Arch-rib frame, siding,
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Arched frame, shingles
and siding, windows,
overhead door
asphalt floor, some
partitioning, cabinets
water outlets
None
Good
Good laminated arch,
siding, shingles,
pedestrian and overhead
doors
Small office or shop area, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
concrete floor, some extras water service, few fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light arch-rib frame,
metal siding
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Pre-engineered arched
windows, overhead door
asphalt floor, some
water outlets
None
Good
metal siding, pedestrian
and overhead doors
Small office or shop area, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Self-framing quonset
panels
Unfinished, cheap
slab/asphalt
Minimum electrical
service
None
Average
Pre-engineered quonset,
overhead door
asphalt floor, some
water outlets
None
Good
Good self-framing quonset Small office or shop area, Good lighting and outlets, Space heaters
panels, pedestrian and
overhead doors
September 2002
4 - 347
Occupancy Reference
556 Bulk Oil Storage
These buildings provide for the temporary closed storage of bulk oil drums and include a dock-height floor.
Interiors are basically unfinished with adequate sparkproof lighting fixtures, but no plumbing.
The following are not included in the costs: Storage racks, material loading equipment, exterior docks or dock
leveling equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
25
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
35
35
S
25
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Heavy wood frame, roof,
stucco or wood siding,
plywood skirting
plank dock-height floor
Rigid conduit, sparkproof
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
sheathing, metal skirting
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Steel frame, siding and
sheathing, steel skirting
None
557 Farm Utility Arch-Rib, Quonset
These utility buildings have semicircular (culvert) shape roofs that curve to the ground to form the sides.
These buildings have many uses, such as general material, commodity or equipment storage and use lighter
gauge materials than their commercial counterparts. Interior modifications can turn them into any one of
several uses. Frames are light arch-rib wood with metal (class P) or wood siding or shingles (class D) or selfframing metal Quonset panels (class S). The floors are light concrete, asphalt or dirt at the lower qualities.
4 - 348
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
15
20
25
25
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Arch-rib frame, siding,
composition shingles,
open ends
None
Average
Arched frame, shingles
and siding, end wall
sliding door entry
Unfinished, cheap asphalt Adequate wiring and
or slab floor
None
Good
siding, shingles,
doors
Unfinished, good concrete Adequate wiring, lighting
slab
and water service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Wood, pipe hoop, fabric
cover
None
Average
cover, end curtain
or slab floor
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal siding, open ends
None
Average
frame, metal siding, endwall sliding door entry
or slab floor
None
Good
and overhead doors
Unfinished, good concrete Adequate wiring, lighting
slab
and water service
None
September 2002
4 - 349
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Light self-framing quonset Unfinished, dirt floor
panels, open ends
None
Average
metal siding, end-wall
sliding door entry
Good
Good self-framing quonset Unfinished, good concrete Adequate wiring, lighting
slab
and water service
overhead doors
or slab floor
None
None
558 Farm Implement Arch-Rib, Quonset
These implement buildings have semicircular (culvert) shape roofs that curve to the ground to form the sides.
These buildings are for storage and maintenance of farm equipment and use lighter gauge materials than their
commercial counterparts. They will have better electrical circuits and built-in shop features not found in the
utility buildings. Frames are light arch-rib wood with metal (class P) or wood siding or shingles (class D) or
self-framing metal Quonset panels (class S) and asphalt or concrete floors.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
20
25
30
30
Class
H
20
25
30
30
M
-----
P
20
25
30
30
S
20
25
30
30
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Mechanicals
HVAC
Light arch-rib, frame,
composition shingles, end- few extras
wall sliding-door entry
Minimum services
None
Average
Arched frame, singles and Unfinished, concrete or
siding, windows, overhead asphalt floor, some
door
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
siding, shingles,
doors
4 - 350
Interior Finish
water service
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
fabric cover
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
cover, end curtains
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
service and outlets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal siding, end-wall
sliding-door entry
few extras
Minimum services
None
Average
windows, overhead door
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
service and outlets
Good
and overhead doors
water service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Light self-framing quonset Unfinished, light floor
panels, open ends
Minimum services
None
Low
Light self-framing quonset Unfinished, light floor,
panels, end-wall sliding- few extras
door entry
Minimum services
None
Average
overhead door
service and outlets
Good
Good self-framing quonset Unfinished, concrete floor, Good lighting and outlets, None
water service
overhead doors
asphalt floor, some
cabinets
559 Stable, High Value
These structures are the estate-type equine barns with the better qualities being the custom luxury
thoroughbred breeding facilities where cost is not an issue. Exteriors are highly decorative and include face
brick, stone and best sidings with custom arches, sashes and trim. Interiors will have finely finished stalls,
lounge, groom, tack room or office facilities with extensive fixtures and custom hardware commensurate with
the quality level.
September 2002
4 - 351
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
50
D
35
35
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
45
S
35
35
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Decorative block, small
estate type, insulated,
some distinctive trim
Finished stalls, lounge and High-level electrical
restrooms, quality finishes service, showers and
dressing room
None
Average
Good brick, stone trim,
skylights, shakes or metal
on good structure
Good finished stalls, good Some special custom
thoroughbred barn, some fixtures, electrical and
extras
plumbing
None
Good
slate or tile gambrel roof,
some custom sash
Fine custom stalls,
finishes, best training or
stallion barns
High-quality fixtures, fine None
hardware, horse baths
Excellent
Face brick, cut stone,
custom arches, cupolas,
heavy roof, dormers
Custom stalls, imported
woods, best broodmare or
yearling barns
Extensive fixtures and
custom hardware
throughout
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Good sidings or masonry
veneer, insulated, small
estate type, good trim
restrooms, good finishes
service, showers and
dressing room
Average
Fine sidings, good veneer, Good finished stalls, good Some special custom
skylights, good shakes or thoroughbred barn, some fixtures, electrical and
metal
extras
plumbing
Good
Face brick veneer, stone
trim, slate or tile on
gambrel, some custom
sash
Excellent
Face brick or stone veneer, Custom stalls, imported
heavy roof, custom
woods, best broodmare or
dormers, arches, cupolas yearling barns
Fine custom stalls,
finishes, best training or
stallion barns
None
None
High-quality fixtures, fine None
hardware, horse baths
Extensive fixtures and
custom hardware
throughout
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Small estate type,
insulated, some distinctive restrooms, good finishes
trim, complex roof
dressing room
4 - 352
Interior Finish
None
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Insulated, small estate
type, some distinctive
trim, complex roof
restrooms, good finishes
dressing room
None
560 Equestrian Lean-To
Equestrian Lean-Tos are side extensions used in conjunction with horse arena costs. The lowest cost exercise
arena lean-tos includes some stalls and flooring, while the average quality includes adequate fenestration,
stalls, tack room, flooring, lights and water.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
25
30
35
S
15
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side extension, board
siding
Some stalls and flooring
Minimum services
None
Average
Side extension, board
siding, windows and side
doors
Stalls, tack room, some
flooring
water
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side extension, metal on
pole frame
Minimum services
None
Average
Side extension, good metal Stalls, tack room, some
on pole frame, windows
flooring
and side doors
water
None
September 2002
4 - 353
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Side extension, steel
frame/siding
Minimum services
None
Average
Steel siding, side doors,
windows
Stalls, tack room, some
flooring
water
None
561 Feeder Barn
These barns are designed for livestock shelter and feeding. They are an open front shed with wood or metal
siding attached to wood posts or a steel frame. The average quality has an endwall door, while the good
quality has doors at both ends and rear vents. Feeders and water are not automated.
316 Dairy
469 Freestall Barn
440 Milkhouse
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
15
15
20
Class
H
15
15
15
20
M
-----
P
15
15
15
20
S
15
15
15
20
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Open one side, boards or
siding, post/box frame,
one end door
Feeders, not automated
None
Average
Open one side, boards or Unfinished, dirt floor, rub
siding on wood frame, end boards
doors
Feeders, water troughs,
not automated
None
Good
Open one side, box frame
and siding, good doors,
rear vents
not automated
None
4 - 354
Unfinished, dirt floor, rub
boards
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
partial fabric cover, open
ends
None
Average
cover, end curtains
boards
not automated
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
pole frame, one end door
None
Average
Open one side, metal
siding on pole frame, end
doors
boards
not automated
None
Good
pole frame, good doors,
rear vents
boards
not automated
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
steel frame, one end door
None
Average
Open one side, metal
siding on steel frame, end
doors
boards
not automated
None
Good
steel frame, good doors,
rear vents
boards
not automated
None
562 Commodity Storage Shed, Farm
These structures are designed with an open front and only three exterior walls of concrete or block, wood, or
steel frame construction with concrete, block or combination of masonry and upper frame bay partition walls.
Floors are concrete. No electrical or plumbing is included.
September 2002
4 - 355
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
25
30
D
15
20
20
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
20
25
S
15
20
20
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Open one side, cheap
block, shed roof
Unfinished, no doors, slab None
floor, masonry bay
separation walls
HVAC
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Open one side, plywood or Unfinished, no doors, slab None
siding on post frame
floor, concrete and upper
frame bay walls
HVAC
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
pole frame
Unfinished, no doors, slab None
frame bay walls
None
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Average
Open one side, steel frame Unfinished, no doors, slab None
and siding
frame bay walls
None
563 Bag Fertilizer Storage
These buildings are designed for temporary bag fertilizer storage and distribution and include a concrete or
built-up wood dock-height sealed floor. Interiors are basically unfinished with adequate sparkproof lighting.
No plumbing is included.
The following are not included in the costs: Material loading equipment, exterior docks or dock leveling
equipment.
4 - 356
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
25
30
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
25
30
30
35
S
25
30
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Heavy wood frame,
composition roof, wood
siding and skirting
Concrete or built-up wood Rigid conduit, sparkproof
dock- height floor, sealed, fixtures, no plumbing
few partitions
None
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
sheathing, metal skirting
dock- height floor, sealed, fixtures, no plumbing
few partitions
None
Interior Finish
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Mechanicals
Average
siding and sheathing, steel dock- height floor, sealed, fixtures, no plumbing
skirting
few partitions
None
564 Dehydrator Building
These buildings are hot air circulation drying tunnels for golden raisins and other fruits. Costs include tray
rail tracks, heavy electrical and gas piping with some exterior lighting and water service.
The following are not included in the costs: Burners, fans and motors, exterior yard tray tracks and turntables
or propane tanks.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
30
35
35
40
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
4 - 357
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wall-bearing block,
concrete roof, steel doors,
open on one side
Unfinished, block tunnels, Heavy electrical, gas,
None
concrete slab, tray rail
some exterior lighting and
tracks
water service
565 Farm Utility Shelter
These structures are open (non-walled) shelters designed for the storage of hay or other farm commodities.
They have wood or steel roofs on either trusses or rafters with poles or post column supports. The floor is dirt
and there is no electrical or water.
For light sun shades, use occupancy 566 (Farm Sun Shade Shelter)
For heavy wide-span commodity shelters with concrete floors, use occupancy 473 (Material Shelter).
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
10
15
20
20
S
10
15
20
20
W
-----
Class D (Wood or Steel Framed Exterior Walls) and Class P (Pole Frame):
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel flat roof on light wood posts, dirt floor, sun shelters
Average
No walls, steel shed or flat roof on wood posts and girders, dirt floor
Good
No walls, composition or steel gable roof on wood rafters and posts, dirt floor
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel flat roof on low-cost pipe, dirt floor, sun shelters
Average
No walls, steel shed or flat roof and girders on good steel posts, dirt floor
Good
No walls, steel gable roof and truss on steel column, wide span, dirt floor
566 Farm Sun Shade Shelter
These light structures are open (non-walled) shelters designed as sun shades for livestock. They have light
steel roofs on either wood posts or steel pipe column supports. The floor is dirt and there is no electrical or
water.
4 - 358
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
10
15
20
20
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
10
15
20
20
S
10
15
20
20
W
-----
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel flat roof on light wood posts, dirt floor, sun shelters
Average
No walls, steel shed or flat roof on wood posts and girders, dirt floor
Good
No walls, composition or steel gable roof on wood rafters and posts, dirt floor
Quality
Description
Low
No walls, light steel flat roof on low-cost pipe, dirt floor, sun shelters
Average
No walls, steel shed or flat roof and girders on good steel posts, dirt floor
Good
No walls, steel gable roof and truss on steel column, wide span, dirt floor
567 Poultry House, Cage, Two Story
These two-story structures are designed to house hens used for commercial laying. Costs are averages for
complete environmental buildings. Quality is influenced by roof and framing systems, the amount and type of
fenestration, flooring systems and the lighting and water systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Racks, cages, incubators or other special equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
September 2002
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
4 - 359
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
roof, ventilated
Adequate electrical
None
Average
ventilation
water service
Good
fenestration
with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
ventilated
wood
Adequate services
None
Average
water service
vents and roof
Good
insulation
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
Pole frame, metal,
insulated
partitions
None
Good
good openings
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
4 - 360
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
sheathed
partitions
None
Good
fenestration
floor with drains
service
None
568 Poultry House, Cage, Elevated Two Story
These two-story structures are elevated off the ground for tractor access cleaning purposes. Costs are averages
for complete environmental buildings. Quality is influenced by roof and framing systems, the amount and type
of fenestration, flooring systems and the lighting and water systems.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
roof, ventilated
Adequate electrical
None
Average
ventilation
water service
Good
fenestration
with drains
service
September 2002
None
4 - 361
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
ventilated
wood
Adequate services
None
Average
water service
vents and roof
Good
insulation
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
Pole frame, metal,
insulated
partitions
None
Good
good openings
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
sheathed
partitions
None
Good
fenestration
floor with drains
service
None
569 Poultry House, Cage, Three Story
These three-story structures are designed to house hens used for commercial laying. Costs are averages for
complete environmental buildings. Quality is influenced by roof and framing systems, the amount and type of
fenestration, flooring systems and the lighting and water systems.
4 - 362
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
20
25
30
30
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
roof, ventilated
Adequate electrical
None
Average
ventilation
water service
Good
fenestration
with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
ventilated
wood
Adequate services
None
Average
water service
vents and roof
Good
insulation
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
September 2002
4 - 363
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
Pole frame, metal,
insulated
partitions
None
Good
good openings
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
sheathed
partitions
None
Good
fenestration
floor with drains
service
None
570 Poultry House, Cage, Elevated One Story
These one-story structures are elevated off the ground for tractor access cleaning purposes. Costs are averages
for complete environmental buildings. Quality is influenced by roof and framing systems, the amount and type
of fenestration, flooring systems and the lighting and water systems.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 364
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
15
20
25
25
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
15
20
25
25
S
15
20
25
25
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
roof, ventilated
Adequate electrical
None
Average
ventilation
water service
Good
fenestration
with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
ventilated
wood
Adequate services
None
Average
water service
vents and roof
Good
insulation
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
Pole frame, metal,
insulated
partitions
None
Good
good openings
floor with drains
service
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
vents
Minimum service
None
September 2002
4 - 365
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
some wainscot and
Adequate electrical
None
Average
sheathed
partitions
None
Good
fenestration
floor with drains
service
None
571 Passenger Terminal
These are passenger or commuter terminal buildings, from low-quality bus or train stop waiting structures to
high-cost major airport-type facilities with separate baggage, ticket lobby, concession, lounge and concourse
facilities.
The following are not included in the costs: Ticket, baggage, boarding, concession or other food service
equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
55
60
B
50
55
55
60
C
40
45
50
55
D
35
40
45
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
50
S
35
40
45
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Finished interior,
Average lighting, good
suspended ceiling,
sound and plumbing,
terrazzo lobby, small main lounge
terminal
Complete
HVAC.
Average
decorative lobby
Vaulted ceilings, pavers,
terrazzo, good air- or
train-type terminal
systems and plumbing,
food service
Complete
HVAC.
Good
glass, limestone,
Good finishes throughout, Special lighting, good
some extras, typical major sound systems and
terminal facility
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Special architecture, metal Special finishes, acoustic
and glass, stone, concrete, design, high-cost lobby,
skylights
concourse finishes
4 - 366
Mechanicals
lighting, best wiring
throughout, good
plumbing
HVAC
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Few partitions, very plain, Minimum code, public
very plain, acoustic sound minimum waiting and
address system
walls
concession/ticket area
Fair
panels, plain commercial
building, small entry
vinyl comp. lobby, small
city bus station
Average
good front and lobby,
some trim
Finished interior,
suspended ceiling,
sound and plumbing,
terminal
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
lobby
terrazzo, good air- or
train-type terminal
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Very
Good
Good finishes throughout, Special lighting, good
cotta, ornamental entrance some extras, typical major sound systems and
and lobby
terminal facility
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
High-cost roof, large
arched entries and domed
skylights
lighting, best wiring
throughout, good
plumbing
Complete
HVAC.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Special finishes, acoustic
design, high-cost lobby,
concourse finishes
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
Minimum lighting,
Heat pump
adequate sound, minimum system
plumbing
systems and plumbing,
food service
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain
minimum waiting and
address system
Fair
entrance
city bus station
Average
Finished interior,
sound and plumbing,
terminal
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
stone trim, decorative
front and lobby
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Very
Good
Face brick or stone veneer, Good finishes throughout, Special lighting, good
ornamental entrance and some extras, typical major sound systems and
lobby
terminal facility
September 2002
Package A.C.
Minimum lighting,
Heat pump
plumbing
terrazzo, good air-or train- systems and plumbing,
type terminal
food service
Complete
HVAC.
4 - 367
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal siding, low-cost
finish and insulation
minimum waiting and
address system
Fair
small entrance
city bus station
Minimum lighting,
Heat pump
plumbing
Mechanicals
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
interior finish and
insulation
minimum waiting and
address system
Fair
interior, small entrance,
masonry sound walls
city bus station
Average
Good metal panels, roof,
Finished interior,
sound and plumbing,
terminal
Package A.C.
Minimum lighting,
Heat pump
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
573 Arcade
These buildings are designed mainly for coin-operated game entertainment, while better qualities will include
limited food service and lounges typically found at fun centers, miniature golf complexes, etc.
The following are not included in the costs: Display or food service equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block, tilt-up, light roof
construction
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
4 - 368
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Good
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Painted walls, VCT,
bearing walls, brick, block carpet, large eating or
or tilt-up
game rooms
and plumbing, snack bar
Package A.C.
block or tilt-up, tapered
girders, good trim
Good game lighting,
sound, restrooms, limited
food service
Heat pump
system
Acoustic treatment, some
theme finishes and extra
facilities and rooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding on studs
partitions
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
wood trusses, small front
VCT, carpet, large eating
area and game rooms
Package A.C.
Good
Heavy wood frame, wood, Acoustic treatment, some
stucco or brick veneer,
theme finishes and extra
good ornamentation
facilities and rooms
Good game lighting,
sound, restrooms, limited
food service
Heat pump
system
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Low-cost game area,
tile, open counter
Minimum lighting &
Forced air
plumbing, adequate outlets
Average
siding, insulated, small
front
area and game rooms
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Forced air
Average
small front
area and game rooms
and plumbing, small
snack bar
Package A.C.
574 Visitor Center
These buildings include the low-quality travelers' aid or rest stop structure to the high-cost center with good
orientation, exhibit, meeting, audiovisual theater and limited retail and food service facilities.
The following are not included in the costs: Display or food service equipment.
September 2002
4 - 369
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
55
55
B
45
50
55
55
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
45
45
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Adequate exhibit rooms
Fluorescent lighting, good Heat pump
glass, some ornamentation and lobby, theater, limited sound, plumbing and
system
food service
restrooms
Good
Special architecture, good Good exhibit, theater,
lobby
cafeteria
kitchen
Warm/cool air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost block, concrete
Painted, some acoustic
and asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
hardwood and vinyl
composition tile
Forced air
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, large restrooms
Good
Good finish and detail,
trim, good entrance, lobby carpeting and tile, display
and food service areas
Excellent
Local stone, face brick,
heavy timber or steel
frame
good plumbing and
restrooms
Decorative lobby, pavers, Good display lighting,
carpet, good exhibit rooms sound and restrooms,
or theater
small kitchen
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost wood or stucco
Drywall, some acoustic
and asphalt tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Average
brick or stone trim, small
entrance
hardwood and vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
Good
Brick veneer or best siding Good finish and detail,
or stucco with trim, good carpet, vinyl, display and
entrance
food service areas
Excellent
Local stone or brick
veneer, rustic log, heavy
frame
4 - 370
good plumbing and
restrooms
Decorative lobby, pavers, Good display lighting,
carpet, good exhibit rooms sound and restrooms,
or theater
small kitchen
Heat pump
system
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Average
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Metal skin on pole frame Drywall, some acoustic
and truss, finished interior and resilient tile,
minimum visitor facility
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
siding, insulated, small
entrance
hardwood and vinyl
composition
Adequate lighting &
Forced air
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
Minimum lighting &
and asphalt tile, minimum plumbing
visitor facility
Space heaters
575 Dining Atrium
These are open-shell extensions for enclosed extra seating or game/play areas usually added to fast food
restaurants. The lower qualities are playroom shells only, while the very good and excellent qualities are
finished greenhouse seating atriums.
The following are not included in the costs: Soft modular play systems, restaurant seating or other furnishings
or fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
30
35
35
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Concrete block, tilt-up,
very plain, little glass
Drywall, vinyl
composition tile, plain
play area shell
plumbing
None
Average
Stucco on block, tilt-up,
good glass areas
tile, ceramic pavers, plain
playroom
Adequate lighting, no
plumbing
None
Good
Decorative block, brick,
mostly metal and glass
Drywall, acoustic ceiling,
vinyl walls, good
playroom
Good lighting & plumbing None
September 2002
4 - 371
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain, little glass
Drywall, vinyl
play area shell
plumbing
None
Average
glass areas
playroom
plumbing
None
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS,
siding, mostly metal and
glass
vinyl walls, good
playroom
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
HVAC
Lowest
Screen-netting enclosure,
canopy top, light frame
Concrete floor, secure play Adequate illumination, no None
area
plumbing
Low
very plain, little glass
Drywall, vinyl
play area shell
plumbing
None
Average
good glass areas
playroom
plumbing
None
Good
Steel frame, mostly metal
and glass, metal panels
vinyl walls, good
playroom
Very
Good
Shed greenhouse,
Carpet, vinyl composition
tempered glass, little knee tile, seating alcove
wall
Good electrical and
lighting, no plumbing
None
Excellent
Greenhouse, curved eaves, Good carpet, ceramic
colored frame, tinted glass floors, minimum work
stations
Decorative lighting and
ceiling fans, adequate
plumbing
None
576 Atrium
Atrium and vestibule entries or lobbies are glassed structures that usually abut or are underneath elevated
buildings.
4 - 372
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Cheap
very plain, no roof
structure
Under elevated building, Minimum electrical
low-cost elevator/stairway
vestibule only
None
Low
Metal and glass, some
concrete, brick or stucco
panels, no roof
Under elevated building
vestibule, low-cost
terrazzo, vinyl and
acoustic
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Glass shed curtain wall,
glass and some exposed
roof deck
Terrazzo, masonry pavers, Adequate electrical and
few partitions or extras
plumbing
Good
Architectural glazed shed
atrium, good space frame
Good stone, masonry
pavers, good lobby wall
treatment, trim
Excellent
Structural glass,
decorative space frame
and shed atrium glazing
Granite, marble, high-cost Best lighting, adequate
pavers, ornate finishes
electrical and plumbing
plumbing
HVAC
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good lighting & plumbing Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Cheap
Block, brick veneer or
Under elevated building, Minimum electrical
stucco, very plain, no roof low-cost elevator/stairway
structure
vestibule only
None
Low
Glass panels, block, brick
veneer or stucco, no roof
Under building vestibule,
acoustic tile
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Average
Glass shed curtain wall,
skylights, some exposed
roof deck
Low-cost terrazzo,
masonry pavers, few
partitions or extras
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good glazed shed atrium
Stone or masonry pavers,
some good lobby wall
treatment, trim
Good lighting & plumbing Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 373
Occupancy Reference
577 Parking Levels
These floors are intermediate and ground-level parking facilities found underneath elevated buildings and
include all framing, ramps and stairs necessary.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
30
50
55
60
B
30
50
55
60
C
25
45
50
55
D
25
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
25
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Under building, grade
level only, no walls,
covered columns
Asphalt paving, lines,
painted soffit, vestibule/
lobby not included
Low
level only, blind wall
panels, some trim, gates
Concrete paving, lines and Low-level lighting, drains None
stops, plaster soffit, lobby
not included
Average
Partial walls, brick,
concrete, metal panels,
some trim or louvers
Unfinished, concrete floor, Low-level lighting, drains None
lines, low-cost elevator
lobbies
Good
Good curtain panels,
masonry, partial louvers,
natural ventilation
Concrete with hardener,
lines and stops, small
office, few extras
drains
None
Excellent
Best curtain wall panels,
matching spandrel and
louvers, fully enclosed
Unfinished except good
office, service and lobby
areas
plumbing
Ventilation
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Lowest
Asphalt paving, lines,
level only, open, no walls, finished building soffit,
exposed columns
lobby not included
Low
level only, some blind
walls, trim and gates
4 - 374
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Concrete or asphalt, lines, Low-level lighting, drains None
plaster soffit,
vestibule/lobby not
included
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Partial walls, brick,
masonry or stucco panels,
some trim or louvers
Unfinished, concrete floor, Low-level lighting, drains None
lines, low-cost elevator
lobbies
Good
Good panels, masonry,
partial louvers, open
ventilation
Concrete with hardener,
lines and stops, few extras drains
None
578 Mini Bank
These buildings are small walk or drive-up facilities, typically between 500 and 2,000 square feet in size.
Exteriors have some ornamentation at all quality levels with the better qualities using stone, ornamental
concrete, brick and/or solar glass. The interiors in the larger facilities for walk-in trade have plaster or
drywall with special detailing in some areas, and may have some office and storage area. The office area may
be open and located in the same general area as the banking services. Floor finishes usually are terrazzo,
carpet or vinyl tile or sheet flooring. These buildings may have only drive-up or walk-up window access, with
night depositories, surveillance systems and vaults also included.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, concrete, metal and Plaster or drywall, good
glass, stone trim, some
ornamentation
vinyl tile
adequate restroom, TV
cool air
circuits
(zoned)
Good
Marble, granite, best metal Plaster or drywall, best
and glass, highly
stone or wood panels,
decorative
terrazzo, carpet
Good lighting and closed
circuit TV, quality
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Decorative block, some
trim
composition
Minimum electrical,
plumbing, TV
Package A.C.
Average
ornamentation
Package A.C.
some terrazzo or tile, vinyl outlets, adequate restroom,
composition
TV circuits
September 2002
4 - 375
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
stone trim, good
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting
Good lighting &
plumbing, tiled restroom,
TV circuits
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone ashlar, best metal or Plaster and paneling, vinyl Good lighting and closed
concrete and glass panels wall finishes, carpeting,
circuit TV, quality
terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
composition
Minimum electrical,
plumbing, TV
Package A.C.
Average
brick veneer, little
ornamentation
tile or low-cost terrazzo,
vinyl composition
Package A.C.
outlets, adequate restroom,
TV circuits
Good
glass, panels, EIFS,
ornamental finishes
Plaster and drywall, some
paneling, vinyl and
carpeting
Good lighting &
plumbing, tiled restroom,
closed circuit TV
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone or face brick veneer, Plaster and paneling, vinyl Good lighting and closed
circuit TV, quality
panels
terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich or prefab.
building panels, adequate
fenestration
or ceramic tile
Package A.C.
outlets, adequate restroom,
TV circuits
580 Truck Stop
These buildings are of multipurpose design to include convenience store, food service, shower and toilet, game
and restroom facilities for highway travelers and truckers. Good facilities include the typical coffee shop
operation, while the average quality includes the limited lower priced fast food franchise operation. Lighting
and plumbing, although adequate to service the operation, are not excessive or ornate.
Since truck stops have higher requirements for heating, cooling and ventilation, use component 617 (Complete
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen equipment, restaurant or convenience store fixtures,
4 - 376
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
30
30
35
35
D
30
30
35
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
30
30
35
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
plain storefront entry
Fast food service, small
convenience store, rest
area
plumbing, walk-in box
storage
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Decorative block, tilt-up,
good storefront, lobby
Full-service food seating,
retail, rest and game
rooms
Good electrical and
plumbing, showers, full
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
and glass panels,
ornamentation
Good coffee shop, retail,
separate rest area, shower
room
Good lighting, showers,
restrooms and kitchen
with good fixtures
Very good
comp.
H.V.A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
storefront entry
area
storage
Complete
HVAC.
Good
siding, good storefront
lobby
rooms
Good electrical and
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
Excellent
Brick veneer, EIFS, metal Good coffee shop, retail,
and glass panels,
separate rest area, shower
ornamentation
room
Good lighting, showers,
restrooms and kitchen
with good fixtures
Very good
comp.
H.V.A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
plain storefront entry
area
storage
Complete
HVAC.
Good
Good metal panels, good
storefront, lobby
rooms
Good electrical and
kitchen
Complete
HVAC.
September 2002
4 - 377
Occupancy Reference
581 Post Office, Main
These larger buildings, typically between 10,000 and 30,000 square feet, are usually built under lease
agreements with the Federal Government Postal Department. The exteriors vary, but generally include some
ornamentation even at the low quality levels. Interiors are plaster or drywall. The most common floor finishes
are vinyl composition with terrazzo or pavers in the lobby areas. For smaller facilities, use occupancy 582
(Post Office, Branch).
A post office commonly has workspace, lobby, office, restrooms, directory, loading area and mechanical
rooms. The area associated with each of these segments varies due to the overall size of the building and
community served. The better quality levels include lookout galleries, as well as good security wiring.
furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, precast or metal
and glass panels,
ornamentation
Plaster and drywall, vinyl
wall finish, vinyl
composition tile
Good illumination,
security wiring, adequate
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, metal panels, Plaster, vinyl wall
good glass, ornamentation finishes, vinyl
composition, some
terrazzo or pavers
security wiring, good
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Drywall, vinyl or enamel
good ornamentation
wall finish, resilient
floors, adequate offices
Adequate illumination,
security wiring and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Ornamental brick or
block, precast concrete,
good ornamentation
Plaster/drywall, vinyl or
enamel wall finish, good
resilient floors
Good illumination,
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, ashlar or panels,
highly ornamental
Plaster, vinyl wall
finishes, vinyl
composition, some
terrazzo or pavers
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 378
Interior Finish
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stucco, EIFS, or siding,
some ornamentation
Drywall, vinyl or enamel
security wiring and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Good EIFS, stucco or
siding, some good
ornamentation
resilient floors
Good illumination,
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Very
Good
Best sidings, much trim,
highly ornamented,
complex roof, skylights
Plaster/drywall, vinyl wall Good-quality lighting and Warm and
finishes, vinyl
cool air
composition, some
plumbing
(zoned)
terrazzo or pavers
Average
Brick or block veneer,
shingle or built-up roof,
some good ornamentation
Drywall, vinyl or enamel
security wiring and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Good
Brick or stone veneer,
good built-up or shingle
roof and trim
resilient floors
Good illumination,
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best ashlar stone veneer,
good trim and
ornamentation
Plaster, vinyl wall
finishes, vinyl
composition, some
terrazzo or pavers
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
security wiring and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Masonry
Veneer
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel frame, best sandwich Drywall, vinyl or enamel
panels, some good
ornamentation
582 Post Office, Branch
These small buildings, typically fewer than 10,000 square feet, are usually built under lease agreements with
the Federal Government Postal Department. The exteriors vary, but generally include some ornamentation
even at the low quality levels. Interiors are generally drywall. The most common floor finish is vinyl
composition. For larger facilities, use occupancy 581 (Post Office, Main).
A post office commonly has workspace, office, restrooms, directory, loading area and mechanical rooms. The
area associated with each of these segments varies due to the overall size of the building and community
served. The better quality levels include some security wiring.
furnishings.
September 2002
4 - 379
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
part of a building
Plaster and drywall, vinyl Good illumination and
Warm and
wall finish, resilient floors wiring, adequate plumbing cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Block or brick, stock
plans, plain, minimum
fenestration
vinyl composition, very
small lobby
Adequate lighting,
minimum plumbing and
wiring
Forced air
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Drywall interiors, vinyl
trim
composition tile, acoustic
tile, adequate lobby
Good
Ornamental brick or
good trim
Adequate illumination and Package A.C.
plumbing, standard
fixtures
Good illumination,
adequate plumbing and
enamel wall finish,
resilient floors, good lobby wiring,
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, stock
plans, plain, minimum
fenestration
asphalt tile, few extras,
very small lobby
Adequate lighting,
wiring
Forced air
Average
Stucco, EIFS, or siding,
some trim
Drywall interiors, vinyl
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, standard
fixtures
Package A.C.
Low
Brick veneer, stock plans,
plain, minimum
fenestration
vinyl composition, very
small lobby
Adequate lighting,
wiring
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer, built-up or
shingle roof, some trim
plumbing, standard
fixtures
Masonry
Veneer
4 - 380
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Good brick veneer, good
trim
Good illumination,
enamel wall finish,
adequate plumbing and
resilient floors, good lobby wiring
Package A.C.
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
ornamentation
plumbing, standard
fixtures
583 Mail Processing Facility
These mail and package sorting centers are usually built under lease agreements with the Federal Government
Postal Department, or by commercial package delivery companies. They are designed with large areas to
accommodate the processing and shipment of small lots of packages and mail. They have more plumbing and
lighting than main post offices, in order to service the large personnel load. Costs include lookout galleries
and security wiring.
The following are not included in the costs: Sorting and handling equipment, dock levelers.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
45
45
50
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, precast or metal
and glass panels, good
trim
Plaster and drywall, good
office and sorting areas,
lookout galleries
Good illumination,
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Painted walls, finished
trim, bar or web joists
offices and sorting areas,
hardened slab
adequate plumbing,
security wiring
Good
Ornamental brick or
good trim
Hot and
good plumbing and wiring chilled
water(zoned)
September 2002
interior finish, sorting
areas, lookout galleries
4 - 381
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
trim, bar or web joists
Drywall interiors, finished Reading-level lighting,
offices and sorting areas, adequate plumbing,
hardened slab
security wiring
Good
panels, good trim
interior finish, sorting
areas, lookout galleries
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
good plumbing and wiring chilled water
(zoned)
584 Mega Warehouse
These large buildings, typically 200,000 to over a million square feet, are designed for major regional
distribution and storage centers. They include an amount of office and personnel support space commensurate
with the quality of the building (typically 1 to 5 percent). Support areas typically have plaster or drywall
interior partitions and have finished ceilings. The better qualities have large cafeterias and kitchens. Heating
and ventilating facilities are sufficient to protect goods from freezing and other spoilage.
The following are not included in the costs: Material handling equipment, dock levelers or site improvements.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
45
45
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Tilt-up, very large shell
type
Unfinished, bulk storage,
few offices
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Low
Large tilt-up, light
panelized const., built-up
roof, exposed insulation
Painted walls or
unfinished, small offices,
hardened slab
Adequate lighting &
Space heaters
Average
Open steel or wood frame, Painted walls, finished
block or tilt-up, good roof offices and break room,
good flat slab
plumbing fixtures, food
service
Space heaters
Good
Glulam or steel frame,
decorative block or tilt-up, masonry partitions, good
elastomeric roof
offices, cafeteria
Good lighting &
plumbing, kitchen
Space heaters
4 - 382
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Steel frame, siding, large
shell type
Unfinished, bulk storage,
few offices
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Space heaters
Low
Rigid steel frame, good
metal siding and roof,
exposed insulation
Unfinished, small offices,
hardened slab
Adequate lighting &
Space heaters
Average
and fenestration, bar or
web joints
Some good offices,
interior finish and floor,
plumbing fixtures, food
break room, good flat slab service
Space heaters
Good
Heavy steel frame,
insulated panels, good
facade, some trim
Plaster or drywall,
partitioned, good offices,
cafeteria
Space heaters
Good lighting &
plumbing, kitchen
585 Mechanical Penthouse
Mechanical penthouses shelter the building’s elevator and other mechanical equipment that is generally
located on the roof. The excellent quality represents a full intermediate mechanical-utility floor found in large
high-rise construction. For finished penthouses, i.e., those containing roof apartments, restaurants, use the
proper costs for that occupancy.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost panels, masonry, Unfinished interior, roof
very plain
access only
Average
Curtain panels or
masonry, steel roof deck
Good
Good curtain panels,
Mechanical and storage,
Adequate lighting, utility
masonry, louvers, concrete some finish and partitions outlets and drains
roof
September 2002
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum lighting, floor
drains
None
Unfinished equipment and Exposed lighting,
storage, few partitions
adequate drains
None
None
4 - 383
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Excellent
Louvers, best curtain wall Intermediate full
panels, matching spandrel mechanical floor, utility
space, some storage
Mechanicals
HVAC
Adequate lighting, utility
outlets and drains
None
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Light frame or stud single Unfinished interior
wall, low-cost metal,
stucco or siding
Average
Frame or bearing walls,
good panels, louvers or
masonry, trim
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum lighting, floor
drains
None
Unfinished equipment and Exposed lighting,
storage, few partitions
adequate drains
None
586 Roadside Market
The roadside or farmers’ markets are typically rural structures from the simple open stand to the enclosed, full
retail market barn with refrigerated storage. They are designed for the quick purchase of fresh produce and a
few standard staple items in small quantities. They have little display shelving and storage space. The better
qualities will have separate storage areas that are relatively small. These better quality occupancies include
suitable plumbing, electrical and better built-in cooler storage.
340 Market
446 Supermarket
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
25
30
35
40
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
20
25
30
35
S
20
25
30
35
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
gated front, very plain
Open sales area, concrete
slab, some partitions, dry
storage
plumbing
Space heaters
4 - 384
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
large doorways
Open sales, sealed slab,
Minimum store lighting & Evaporative
small storage and cold box plumbing
cooling
Excellent
Decorative block,
concrete, good roof and
roll-up doors
Open sales, good
preparation, storage and
office
Adequate market lighting, Package A.C.
restroom and cold storage
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Box frame, plywood or
boards, shed roof, very
plain
Open interior, unfinished, None
seasonal use only
None
Low
Plywood or siding, open
framing, some trim
Open interior, some slab
or wood, gravel
Minimum electrical, hose
bib
None
Average
Wood frame, board and
batten, gated front, some
trim
storage
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Exposed frame, good
board siding, trim, large
doorways
Open sales, sealed slab,
cooling
Excellent
Heavy frame, arch or
gambrel roof, roll-up
doors
Open sales, good
office
Mechanicals
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
siding, shed roof, open
front
Open interior, unfinished, None
seasonal use only
None
Low
open front, shutter doors
or wood, gravel
bib
None
Average
Pole frame, metal utility
building, gated front
storage
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Exposed pole frame, metal Open sales, sealed slab,
siding, large doorways
cooling
Excellent
Heavy pole frame and
truss, good siding and
roll-up doors
September 2002
Open sales, good
office
HVAC
4 - 385
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
open front, shutter doors
or wood, gravel
bib
None
Average
Steel frame, metal utility
building, gated front
storage
plumbing
Space heaters
Good
Exposed steel frame, metal Open sales, sealed slab,
siding, large doorways
cooling
Excellent
Metal sandwich panels,
open frame, good roll-up
doors
Open sales, good
office
587 Shell, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
This occupancy, together with occupancy 987 (Interior Space, Multiple Residence), allows you to individually
price the shell and the tenant improvement costs for a multiple residence (in separate sections of the report).
This provides an alternative to occupancy 352 (Multiple Residence), which includes both the shell and tenant
improvement costs.
These shells are low-rise or garden apartments with three or fewer stories for multiple dwelling units. The
light residential framed structures are built of class C, D, and S construction. Each dwelling unit consists of
its own separate living area, bath, and kitchen facility. These shell structures include common area finishes
only. Interior build-out costs can be added using occupancy 987 (Interior Space, Multiple Residence) in an
additional section.
Better shell structures have good finished lobbies, recreation and service areas, interior hall access to dwelling
units and some type of stairway for fire exit. Although multiple residences built as condominiums sometimes
are required by building and zoning codes to have certain items not required for rental units, basically,
"condominium" is a type of ownership and not a type of construction and the multiple residence costs are
valid.
The following are not included in the costs: Elevators, interior apartment build-out, canopies, balconies,
recreation equipment, swimming pools, yard improvements and any developers' or soft costs related to a type
of ownership such as condominium.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
4 - 386
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Fair
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Block/brick, standard
Bare floor structures, no
sash, little trim, shingle or separate service areas
built-up roof
Rough electrical and
plumbing
None
Average
Brick or block, some trim, Some entry, service areas
asphalt shingle or built-up and halls, plain finishes
roof
plumbing, some service
outlets, fixtures
None
Good
Rough-ins, some good
core ceiling and service
fixtures
None
Excellent
Face brick, concrete/metal Core lobby and service
panels, good roof structure finishes, good stone,
and roofing
terrazzo, carpet
Core finish only, some
carpet, terrazzo, vinyl,
adequate lobby
Luminous lobby ceiling,
None
good core lighting, service
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Fair
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Stucco or siding, standard Bare floor structures, no
sash, asphalt
separate service areas
shingles/built-up rock
plumbing
None
Average
Stucco/siding, some
code construction
Some entry, service areas
and halls, plain finishes
outlets, fixtures
None
Good
some brick or stone trim,
good roof
adequate lobby
fixtures
None
Excellent
Core lobby and service
finishes, good stone,
terrazzo, carpet
None
fixtures
Good
adequate lobby
fixtures
Excellent
& roof structure
Core lobby and service
finishes, good stone,
terrazzo, carpet
None
fixtures
Fair
shingle/built-up roof
Bare floor structures, no
separate service areas
plumbing
Masonry
Veneer
September 2002
None
None
4 - 387
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick veneer, some
code construction
outlets, fixtures
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, preengineered frame,
outlets, fixtures
None
Good
pre- engineered frame,
good fenestration
adequate lobby
fixtures
None
588 Motel, Extended Stay
Buildings are three stories or less with sleeping units and kitchen facilities. Motels include offices, laundry,
lobby, and some recreation space commensurate with the size and the quality of the facility. For Class A or B
structures, use occupancy 595 (Hotel, Limited Service). Where restaurants, clubhouses, convention halls, etc.,
are connected with an extended stay motel, these should be priced separately.
These structures are built of either masonry or wood frame construction. Low-end budget facilities are single
rooms with low-cost finishes throughout and include a minimal kitchenette area. Better qualities are all-suite
sleeping rooms with good kitchens, and include paneling and wallpaper in the common areas.
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies, furnishings, kitchen appliances, signs and
pools or other yard improvements.
Use occupancy 552 (Recreational Enclosure) for pool enclosures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Block or cheap brick, low- Gypsum board & paint,
cost roof, small office,
VCT, carpet, low-cost
budget type
cabinets, single rooms
4 - 388
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Minimum, low-cost
fixtures, minimum
kitchenette area
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Fair
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Block or brick, standard to Drywall, carpet, vinyl
better economy motel
composition, interior
corridor, offset food area
Standard fixtures and
kitchenette space
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
little ornamentation, good few extras, carpet, VCT,
lobby
mixed offsets and suites
Adequate lighting &
average kitchen
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick and stone trim, good Plaster/drywall and vinyl, Good lighting &
glass areas, typical upscale good carpet, some built-in plumbing, wet bar,
motel
extras, all suites
kitchen, TV circuits
Excellent
some decoration, good
chain motel
Plastic and vinyl, good
lobby and support and
recreation services
Package A.C.
Good lighting,
Warm and
communication outlets,
cool air
good plumb., kitchen area
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost siding, roof,
small office, budget type
Drywall and paint, VCT,
carpet, low-cost cabinets,
single rooms
Minimum low-cost
fixtures, minimum
kitchenette area
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Fair
to better economy motel
composition, interior
corridor, offset food area
Standard fixtures and
kitchenette space
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
little ornamentation, good extras, carpet, vinyl
lobby
comp., mixed offsets and
suites
Adequate lighting &
average kitchen
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS, good Plaster/drywall and vinyl, Good lighting &
glass areas, typical upscale good carpet, some built-in plumbing, wet bar,
motel
extras, all suites
kitchen, TV circuits
Excellent
Face brick veneer, stone
trim, some decoration,
good chain motel
Plaster and vinyl, good
lobby and support and
recreation services
Package A.C.
Good lighting,
Warm and
communication outlets,
cool air
good plumb., kitchen area
589 Multiple Residence, Assisted Living (Low Rise)
These are three stories or less where each studio, one- or two-bedroom suites have limited individual kitchen
facilities and a mix of common support areas associated with congregate housing for the elderly. The better
qualities have good lounges, craft and game areas, beauty parlor and therapy rooms. They also have plaster,
paneling, good detailing in molding and trim and high cost floor finishes.
The structures commonly are solid masonry or wood frame walls (class C and D); for classes A or B use
occupancy 330 (Home for the Elderly). Some of the special refinements found include task lighting, railings,
intercoms, television jacks and antennas, and emergency call systems.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances, balconies, furnishings, and
kitchen, laundry, therapy or recreation equipment.
September 2002
4 - 389
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Fair
Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate lighting and
plumbing, alarm,
minimum extra facilities
Average
Brick or block, some trim, Plaster/drywall, hardwood, Adequate lighting and
asphalt shingle or built-up carpet, vinyl composition plumbing, few extra
roof
activity facilities
Package A.C.
Good
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Face brick, concrete/metal Good plaster, paper,
panels, good roof structure paneling, good detail,
and roofing
some special care
Good lighting and
painted, hardwood, carpet, plumbing, some extras,
vinyl composition
Forced air
plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Low-cost stucco or siding, Drywall and paint, asphalt Minimum lighting and
Individual
very plain, minimum
tile and low-cost carpet,
plumbing, call system, per thru-wall heat
fenestration
minimum detail
code
pumps
Fair
Stucco or siding, standard Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate lighting and
plumbing, alarm,
built-up rock
Forced air
Average
trim, average code
construction
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
plumbing, few extra
activity facilities
Package A.C.
Good
roof
composition, carpet
Good lighting and
Heat pump
system
4 - 390
Interior Finish
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
some special care
plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
Fair
shingle
Drywall or plaster, carpet, Adequate lighting and
plumbing, alarm,
Forced air
Average
Brick veneer, some
code construction
Plaster or drywall,
hardwood, vinyl
composition, carpet
plumbing, few extra
activity facilities
Package A.C.
Good
composition, carpet
Good lighting and
Heat pump
system
Excellent
and roof
some special care
plumbing fixtures
Warm and
cool air
Masonry
Veneer
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels,
composition
plumbing, few extra
activity facilities
Package A.C.
Good
pre- engineered frame,
good fenestration
Gypsum board and
composition
Good lighting and
Heat pump
system
These structures are three or more stories high, having multiple sleeping units without individual kitchen
facilities. Where the ground floor is entirely divided into stores and shops, use occupancy 353 (Retail Store)
for that floor. The quality of the hotel is determined primarily from the interior refinements. The best quality
hotels have a large amount of high-cost wall cover and floor finish in the open and public areas. Sleeping
rooms also contain high-cost wall cover as part of the interior finish. The size of the support facilities, e.g.,
restaurants, bars, meeting space, etc., is largely dependent on the size and capacity of the facility rather than
the quality of the improvements. Lobby, lounges, restaurants, ballrooms, meeting rooms, kitchens, laundry,
storage facilities and office areas are commensurate with the building class and quality chosen. For limited
service facilities, use occupancy 595 (Hotel, Limited Service).
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies, swimming pools, furniture, fixtures and
equipment (such as bars, counters or seating, kitchen equipment, etc.) that are not permanently attached under
the general building contract.
September 2002
4 - 391
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
50
50
D
40
45
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal stud panels, little
ornamentation
Small lobby, coffee shop,
minimum transient
facilities
Minimum lighting &
Hot water
Average
Face brick, metal, concrete Typical good transient or
or stucco panels, plain
average business hotel,
exterior
adequate public rooms
Lighting & plumbing
above code, standard
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good detail, carpeted,
concrete panels, individual highly decorated public
design
rooms
Good lighting, radio and
TV circuits, good
plumbing fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
glazing
Fine detail and carpet,
good plaster and wall
coverings
Best lighting, radio and
TV circuits, top quality
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
synthetic plaster, little
ornamentation
Small lobby, coffee shop,
minimum transient
facilities
Minimum lighting &
Hot water
Average
Face brick, metal, concrete Typical good transient or
or stucco panels, plain
average business hotel,
exterior
adequate public rooms
Lighting & plumbing
fixtures
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good detail, carpeted,
concrete panels, individual highly decorated public
design
rooms
Good lighting, radio and
TV circuits, good
plumbing fixtures
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Excellent
glazing
Fine detail, carpeted,
highly decorated public
rooms
Best lighting, radio and
TV circuits, top quality
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick or concrete block
Few public rooms, small
coffee shop
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Individual ht.
pumps
4 - 392
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
some front ornamentation
Carpeted, plaster or
drywall and painted
masonry, adequate
facilities
All rooms with bath,
adequate electric service
Heat pump
system
Good
and glass, good trim and
entrance
Plaster or drywall,
Good lighting &
carpeted, public rooms,
plumbing, radio and TV
good decorating and detail circuits
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best metal or concrete
panels, stone, face brick
coverings
Excellent lighting, radio
and TV circuits, quality
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding
Few public rooms, small
coffee shop
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Individual ht.
pumps
Average
trim, some front
ornamentation
Plaster or drywall,
carpeting, adequate
ancillary facilities, dining
and bar
All rooms with bath,
adequate electric service
Heat pump
system
Good
glass, good entrance and
trim
Good finishes, carpeted
Good lighting &
rooms, good public rooms, plumbing, radio and TV
lobby and detailing
circuits
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best masonry veneer,
highly decorative
coverings
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
plumbing
These structures are three or more stories high, having multiple sleeping units and limited common area
amenities. Studio and bedroom suites can have limited kitchen facilities for extended stays. The quality of the
hotel is determined primarily from the interior refinements. The best quality hotels have some high-cost wall
cover and floor finish in the open and public areas, with larger sleeping room suites containing high cost wall
cover. Limited service hotels include some lounge or recreation support facilities, lobby, laundry, storage and
office space commensurate with the size and quality of the facility. For full service facilities with lounges,
restaurants, ballrooms, meeting rooms, etc., use occupancy 594 (Hotel, Full Service).
The following are not included in the costs: Canopies and balconies, swimming pools, furniture, fixtures and
equipment (such as kitchen appliances, etc.) that are not permanently attached under the general building
contract.
September 2002
4 - 393
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
60
B
50
50
55
60
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
40
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
metal stud panels, little
ornamentation
Small lobby, some carpet
and tile, typical economy
facility
Minimum lighting &
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Face brick, metal, concrete Plaster/drywall and paint, Some good suites, lighting Heat pump
or EIFS panels, plain
good carpet, some built-in & plumbing fixtures, TV system
exterior
circuits
Good
Face brick, metal or good
concrete or stucco panels,
Typical good commercial
or motor hotel, few public
rooms
Lighting & plumbing
fixtures, some extras
Excellent
Metal or stone, heatabsorbent or double
glazing
coverings, some custom
suites
Best lighting, TV circuits, Hot and
wet bar, top-quality
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
synthetic plaster, little
ornamentation
Small lobby, some carpet
and tile, typical economy
facility
Minimum lighting &
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Face brick, metal, concrete Plaster/drywall and paint, Some good suites, lighting Heat pump
or EIFS panels, plain
good carpet, some built-in & plumbing fixtures, TV system
exterior
circuits
Good
Face brick, metal or good
concrete or stucco panels
Typical good commercial
or motor hotel, few public
rooms
Lighting & plumbing
Excellent
Metal or stone, heatabsorbent or double
glazing
coverings, some custom
suites
Best lighting, TV circuits, Hot and
wet bar, top quality
chilled water
plumbing
(zoned)
Mechanicals
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Brick or concrete block
Painted block, some carpet Minimum lighting &
and tile
plumbing
4 - 394
HVAC
Individual
heat pumps
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
front, small lobby,
vending area
restrooms
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
and glass, good trim and
entrance
Typical good motor hotel
or all suites, few public
rooms
Lighting & plumbing
Heat pump
system
Excellent
Metal or concrete panels,
stone, brick, individual
design
coverings
plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, wood or asphalt
tile
Minimum lighting &
plumbing
Individual
heat pumps
Average
front, small lobby,
vending area
restrooms
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS, metal Typical good motor hotel
or all suites, few public
and trim
rooms
Lighting & plumbing
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
ornamentation
hospitality area only
Adequate lighting &
some good fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
596 Shell, Apartment (High Rise)
This occupancy, together with occupancy 989 (Interior Space, Apartment High Rise), allows you to
individually price the shell and the tenant improvement costs for an apartment (in separate sections of the
report). This provides an alternative to occupancy 300 (Apartment High Rise), which includes both the shell
and tenant improvement costs.
High-rise apartment shells are structures with three or more stories of multiple dwelling units. The structures
are built of all construction classes. Each dwelling unit consists of its own separate living area and kitchen
facility. Normally, structures over three stories have elevators, but this depends on the height of the building
and the need for transportation to the upper levels. These shell structures have finished lobby areas, interior
hall access to dwelling units and some type of stairway for fire exit. Although apartments built as
condominiums sometimes are required by building and zoning codes to have certain items not required for
rental units, basically, “condominium” is a type of ownership and not a type of construction and the apartment
costs are valid.
improvements and any developers’ or soft costs related to a type of ownership such as condominium.
September 2002
4 - 395
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
fenestration, very plain
Drywall, paint or paper,
Minimum lobby lighting,
few core extras
composition, plain lobbies
None
Average
and glass, steel stud
panels, some trim
Drywall or plaster, vinyl,
terrazzo, carpet, adequate
entry lobby
Average-intensity core
lighting, average service
fixtures
None
Good
glass, face brick, best
precast concrete panels
Plaster, paneling, vinyl,
good pavers, terrazzo,
carpet, good entry &
lobbies
Good fluorescent core
ceilings, adequate service
fixtures
None
Excellent
Best metal or stone curtain Plaster, best veneers,
panels, solar glass, good
vinyl, best marble and
ornamentation
carpet, top lobby finishes
None
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Minimum-cost walls,
precast elements and
few core extras
composition, plain lobbies
None
Average
trim, entry ornament
entry lobby
fixtures
None
Good
glass, face brick, best
precast concrete panels
lobbies
fixtures
None
Excellent
Best metal or stone curtain Plaster, best veneers,
panels, tinted glass, good vinyl, best marble and
ornamentation
4 - 396
Mechanicals
HVAC
None
fixtures
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
light rafters, minimum
comp., plain lobbies
few core extras
None
Average
Steel or concrete frame, or Drywall or plaster, vinyl, Average-intensity core
bearing walls, some trim terrazzo, carpet, adequate lighting, average service
entry lobby
fixtures
None
Good
walls, brick/ conc. panels,
some ornamentation
lobbies
None
fixtures
Excellent
Steel frame, masonry and
glass, stone
ornamentation, high
quality
Plaster, best veneers,
good core lighting,
service fixtures
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
few core extras
None
Drywall or plaster, vinyl, Average-intensity core
terrazzo, carpet, adequate lighting, average service
entry lobby
fixtures
None
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost siding or stucco, Drywall, paint or paper,
minimum fenestration,
very plain
comp., plain lobbies
Average
Frame and stucco, little
trim, standard design
Good
Frame or bearing wall,
good stucco or siding with good pavers, terrazzo,
trim
lobbies
None
fixtures
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, best
stucco or siding and
masonry trim
good core lighting,
service fixtures
Average
standard design
Drywall or plaster, vinyl, Average-intensity core
terrazzo, carpet, adequate lighting, average service
entry lobby
fixtures
Good
Good brick veneer with
ornamentation
lobbies
None
fixtures
Excellent
Steel or wood frame, face
brick or stone veneer
good core lighting,
service fixtures
None
Masonry
Veneer
September 2002
None
None
4 - 397
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich walls,
fenestration to code, little
trim
entry lobby
fixtures
None
Good
Best insulated sandwich
walls, good fenestration,
good frame
lobbies
None
fixtures
These structures are generally two-story or three-story buildings with retail use on the first level and one or
more office units on the upper levels.
The following are not included in the costs: Signs, office or retail furnishings, and trade fixtures.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
45
45
50
50
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick or block, bearing
walls, very plain fronts,
simple design
Minimum lighting &
and basic offices above, no plumbing per code
extras
Forced air
Average
Brick or block, bearing or
light frame, plain
storefronts
standard offices above
Adequate lighting, some
plumbing per unit
Package A.C.
Good
some mansard trim, good
display fronts
finishes, good office units
above
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain, small fronts,
simple design
Minimum lighting &
and basic offices above, no plumbing per code
extras
4 - 398
Mechanicals
HVAC
Forced air
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stucco, siding, plain
storefronts, minimum
fenestration
plumbing per unit
Package A.C.
Good
Best siding, EIFS,
masonry veneer, good trim finishes, good office units
and display fronts
above
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
heavy brick walls, trusses, finishes, few extras,
good wood sash
Mechanicals
HVAC
plumbing per unit
Hot water
598 Relocatable Classroom
These relocatable buildings are designed as classroom structures, typically found in school facilities, and are
generally smaller and utilitarian in scope. The lower qualities are generally composed of light mobile/modular
structures with minimal finishes. The better qualities will have good modular frames with well-finished walls
and floors, good acoustical ceilings, good lighting, cabling, and plumbing fixtures.
The following are not included in the costs: Exterior ramps, landings or steps.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Lowest
Metal siding on light
studs, mobile structure
Low-cost paneling or
Minimum electrical to
drywall, vinyl
code, no plumbing
composition, no partitions
Electric wall
heaters
Low
Low-cost siding on studs,
metal roof
Drywall or paneling,
composition
Minimum classroom
lighting and cabling, no
plumbing
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Standard siding and
Drywall, tack board,
vinyl composition
signaling system
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
4 - 399
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
trim, modular structure
Drywall, vinyl wall
carpet and vinyl
and wet sink, few extra
features
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Excellent
Good siding or stucco
panels on good modular
frame
Drywall, good wall
coverings and boards,
good carpet and vinyl
Package A.C.
and cabling systems, some
plumbing
599 Relocatable Office
These relocatable buildings are designed as office structures, typically found in school facilities, and are
generally smaller and utilitarian in scope. The lower qualities are generally composed of light mobile/modular
structures with minimal finishes. The better qualities will have good modular frames with well-finished walls
and floors, good acoustical ceilings, good lighting, cabling, and plumbing fixtures.
The following are not included in the costs: Exterior ramps, landings or steps.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
-----
D
20
25
30
35
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Metal siding on light
studs, mobile structure
Low-cost paneling or
drywall, vinyl
composition, few
partitions
Minimum electrical to
code, few plumbing
fixtures
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Low
Low-cost siding on studs,
metal roof
Drywall partitions, paint,
composition tile
cabling and plumbing
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Standard siding and
carpet and vinyl
composition
outlets, plumbing and
signal system
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Good
trim, modular structure
Drywall, vinyl wall
covering, acoustic tile,
carpet and vinyl
good signal systems and
restrooms
4 - 400
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Excellent
Good siding or stucco
panels on good modular
frame
Drywall, good vinyl and
paneling, good flooring,
many private offices
Good lighting, cabling,
many outlets and
Heat pump
system
These buildings are designed for the administrative office functions for a school plant or board. The interior
finish may have plaster or drywall and, depending on the quality, utilize paneling and special wall covering.
The better facilities will have good meeting rooms and private offices.
Floor finishes are carpet, terrazzo or vinyl. Ceiling finishes vary with the quality. Luminous ceilings and
high intensity fluorescent lighting are found in the better qualities.
In the restrooms, both the number and quality of fixtures generally correspond to the quality of the building.
Typically, the restroom areas have ceramic tile floor finish. At all quality levels, metal partitions and
commercial plumbing fixtures can be found.
Most offices have a combined heating and cooling system.
The following are other office occupancies:
344 Office Building
599 Relocatable Office
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
45
50
55
B
45
45
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
40
40
45
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
little trim, minimum-cost
fenestration
Drywall, acoustic ceilings, Minimum office lighting,
cabling, security and
very plain
plumbing
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 401
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Average partitions,
composition, some
paneled offices
Average fluorescent
lighting, signal system,
average restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Face brick, stone, concrete Drywall or plaster, good
veneers, acoustic tile,
glass
vinyl tile, carpet
Good fluorescent, highHot and
intensity lighting, cabling, chilled water
good restrooms
(zoned)
Excellent
and glass, highly
ornamental
Plaster, best paneling,
vinyl wall coverings,
vinyl, terrazzo, carpet
Luminous ceilings, many
outlets, cabling, private
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
light rafters, little trim
composition
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
concrete, some trim
carpet and vinyl
signal systems
Heat pump
system
Good
Steel columns, web or bar Plaster or drywall, some
joists, ornamental block or paneled offices, vinyl
face brick
composition, carpet
good tiled restrooms and cool air
signal system
(zoned)
Excellent
ornamental
Best office lighting and
cabling systems, best
plumbing
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Plaster, carpet and
terrazzo, suspended
ceilings, paneled
boardrooms
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
wood or steel studs, little
trim
composition
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
Wood frame or pipe
carpet and vinyl
signal systems
Heat pump
system
Good
Steel or Glulam frame and Plaster or drywall, some
joists, brick veneer, glass, paneled offices, vinyl
best stucco
composition, carpet
signal system
(zoned)
Excellent
Studs or steel columns, bar Plaster, carpet and
terrazzo, suspended
stone veneer, EIFS
ceilings, paneled
boardrooms
Best office lighting and
cabling systems, best
plumbing
4 - 402
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
composition
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
metal panels, some
ornamentation
carpet and vinyl
signal systems
Heat pump
system
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
trim
composition
plumbing
Package A.C.
Average
panels, some
ornamentation
carpet and vinyl
signal systems
Heat pump
system
Good
Good sandwich panels and Plaster or drywall, some
fenestration, some brick or paneled offices, vinyl
stone
composition, carpet
signal system
(zoned)
These buildings are often one or two stories that are a transition between the pure discount store and the old
full-line department store. The front elevations usually vary with the quality of the store. The higher quality
anchor stores have some display areas and fronts while, at the lower quality levels, the entries are relatively
plain.
Most anchor stores have some elevators and escalators. Floor coverings are a mixture of carpet and resilient
tile, with the better qualities utilizing high-traffic type floor finishes such as terrazzo. Anchor stores generally
have combined heating and cooling systems and good store lighting. Allowances are included for suitable
office and employee areas and restroom facilities.
319 Discount Store
353 Retail Store
The following are not included in the costs: Furnishings, signs, trade fixtures and retail or food service
equipment.
September 2002
4 - 403
Occupancy Reference
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
45
50
50
55
B
45
50
50
55
C
40
45
45
50
D
35
40
40
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
40
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Brick, concrete, EIFS or
block, little trim, plain
entries, no displays
Painted, some drywall,
Adequate lighting &
acoustic and VCT, typical plumbing
big box or jr. dept. store
Package A.C.
Average
Brick, concrete or face
block, some entry display
and mall front trim only
Drywall, some covering,
vinyl, wood or ceramic
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
and glass, adequate entry
displays
Plaster or drywall,
Good display lighting and Warm and
restrooms
cool air
vinyl, some wood or carpet
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Tilt-up, concrete or block, Painted, some drywall,
Adequate lighting &
some EIFS trim, plain
entries, no displays
Package A.C.
Average
Brick, concrete or face
block, some entry display
Drywall, some coverings,
acoustic tile, some carpet
or vinyl
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
concrete panels, adequate
entry displays
Drywall or plaster,
restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Stucco, EIFS or siding,
very plain, plain entries,
no displays
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
Average
Good siding, masonry
trim, some entry displays
Drywall, some coverings,
acoustic tile, some carpet
or vinyl
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Brick veneer, EIFS or best Drywall or plaster,
siding, adequate entry
displays
4 - 404
Mechanicals
HVAC
restrooms
cool air
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Metal panels, little trim,
plain entries, no displays
Adequate lighting &
Package A.C.
These are three stories or less and include a mix of independent, assisted living, including facilities for
Alzheimer’s or dementia patients and skilled nursing living units, with fitness and care facilities
commensurate with the quality. The better qualities have good lounges, craft and game areas, beauty parlor
and therapy rooms and fitness rooms. They also have plaster, paneling, good detailing in molding and trim,
and high cost floor finishes.
These structures commonly have solid masonry or wood frame walls (Class C and D). Some of the special
refinements found include task lighting, railings, intercoms, television jacks and antennas, emergency call
systems and nursing stations.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances, balconies, furnishings, and
kitchen, laundry, therapy or recreation equipment.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Adequate lighting &
vinyl comp., good senior and plumbing, alarm, good
assisted mix
activity facilities
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Fair
Brick or block, some trim,
asphalt shingle or built-up
roof
Plaster/drywall, carpet, vinyl Adequate lighting &
comp., senior, assisted with plumbing, complete
special care
fitness/care facilities
Package A.C.
Average
Good brick/stucco on block, Good plaster or drywall,
good trim, roof structure and painted, good senior, assisted good extras, emergency call
roofing
mix, some skilled
system
September 2002
Mechanicals
HVAC
Heat pump
system
4 - 405
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Face brick, concrete/metal
panels, good roof structure
and roofing
paneling, carpet, complete
retirement care complex
Good lighting, alarm, skilled Warm and cool
care, some special fixtures
air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Stucco or siding, standard
built-up rock
Adequate lighting &
assisted mix
activity facilities
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Fair
Stucco or siding, some trim,
average code construction
Plaster/drywall, vinyl comp., Adequate lighting &
carpet, senior, assisted with plumbing, complete
special care
Package A.C.
Average
roof
painted, good senior, assisted good extras, emergency call
mix, some skilled
system
Heat pump
system
Good
Best stucco or siding, brick
and stone trim, heavy basic
structure
Low
shingle
Adequate lighting &
assisted mix
activity facilities
Fair
Brick veneer, some
Plaster/drywall, carpet, vinyl Adequate lighting &
ornamentation, average code comp., senior, assisted with plumbing, complete
construction
special care
Package A.C.
Average
painted, good senior, assisted good extras, emergency call
mix, some skilled
system
Heat pump
system
Good
and roof
air
Masonry
Veneer
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
air
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Fair
Sandwich panels,
composition, senior,
assisted with special care
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, complete
Package A.C.
Average
good fenestration
Gypsum board and
Good lighting &
plastics, carpet, senior,
plumbing, good extras,
assisted mix, some skilled emergency call system
4 - 406
Heat pump
system
September 2002
984 Luxury Apartment (High Rise)
High-rise luxury apartments are structures with three or more floors of multiple dwelling units, typically
owner or time-share occupied. Each dwelling unit consists of its own separate living area and kitchen facility.
Normally, structures over three stories have elevators, but this depends on the height of the building and the
need for transportation to the upper levels. These structures have a lobby area, hall access to dwelling units
and some type of stairway for fire exit. Although apartments built as co-ops, condominiums, or time-shares
sometimes are required by building and zoning codes to have certain items not required for typical rental units,
basically, "condominium" is a type of ownership and not a type of construction and the luxury apartment costs
are valid.
improvements and any developers' or soft costs related to a type of ownership such as condominium.
459 Multiple Residential Units Mixed with Retail
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
60
60
60
60
B
60
60
60
60
C
55
55
55
55
D
50
50
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete panels, EIFS
carpet, ceramic tile, some
vinyl and fine hardwood
bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Good
glass, best lobby
Finest interior detail,
hardwoods, ceramic,
custom carpet, built-ins
fixtures, more than one
bath per bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
concrete panels, EIFS
carpet, ceramic tile, some
vinyl and fine hardwood
bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
4 - 407
Occupancy Reference
Good
glass, best lobby
Finest interior detail,
hardwoods, ceramic,
custom carpet, built-ins
bath per bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Stone, brick, metal and
glass, individual design,
good lobby
Good plaster,
carpeting or hardwood,
some extras
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Good
Good masonry and glass,
good ornamentation and
lobby
Good interior detail, sheet Master antennas, extra
vinyl, ceramic tile/carpet, fixtures, one full bath per
bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best stones, metal, solar
glass, highly ornamented
lobby
Best interior detail,
hardwoods, ceramic,
carpet, built-ins
bath per bedroom
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Average
Good plaster,
brick and stone trim, good paneling/paper, vinyl,
lobby
some extras
Good
Good EIFS or sidings,
lobby
vinyl, ceramic tile/carpet, fixtures, more than one
bath per bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best EIFS, stone trim,
highly ornamental lobby
Best interior detail,
hardwoods, ceramic,
carpet, built-ins
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
cool air
bedroom
(zoned)
bath per bedroom
Masonry
Veneer
Average
Face brick or stone veneer, Good plaster,
individual design, good
lobby
some extras
Good
Good veneers and trim,
lobby
Excellent
Best brick or stone veneer, Best interior detail,
highly ornamental lobby
hardwoods, ceramic,
carpet, built-ins
4 - 408
cool air
bedroom
(zoned)
vinyl, ceramic tile/carpet, fixtures, more than one
bath per bedroom
bath per bedroom
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Senior centers are municipal-type clubhouses for senior citizens. These buildings generally have light kitchen
facilities, a large multi-purpose general use room with stage, and multiple restrooms. Better quality centers
have moveable partition walls and some additional small meeting rooms or offices.
The following are not included in the costs: Kitchen and stage equipment.
311 Clubhouse
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
45
45
50
50
D
40
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
-----
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Low
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Brick, block, tilt-up, some Painted walls, vinyl
trim
composition
plumbing
Forced air
Average
panels, small entrance
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing, restrooms and
kitchen
Package A.C.
Good
metal panels,
ornamentation
hardwood, vinyl, meeting
rooms, stage
kitchen, lighting and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Excellent
stone, top quality
hardwood, carpet, good
stage, activity rooms,
lobby
Tiled restrooms, many
fixtures, full kitchen,
special lighting, alarms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
plain
Drywall, vinyl
composition
plumbing
Forced air
Average
siding, small entrance
Plaster or drywall,
plumbing, restrooms and
kitchen
Package A.C.
September 2002
4 - 409
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
hardwood, vinyl,
meeting room, stage
kitchen, lighting and
plumbing
Heat pump
system
Excellent
top quality
hardwood, carpet, good
stage, activity rooms,
lobby
Tiled restrooms, many
fixtures, full kitchen,
special lighting, alarms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
987 Interior Space, Multiple Residence (Low Rise)
This occupancy, together with occupancy 587 (Shell, Multiple Residence), allows you to individually price the
shell and the tenant improvement costs for a multiple residence (in separate sections of the report). This
provides an alternative to occupancy 352 (Multiple Residence), which includes both the shell and tenant
improvement costs.
The lower qualities typically have low-cost partitions, floor covers, minimal cabinetry, open kitchen offset and
one bath or a bath and one-half for each unit, regardless of the number of bedrooms. The better qualities have
plaster, paneling, good detailing in molding and trim, high cost floor finishes, and full kitchen and dining
rooms. Some of the special refinements found in the better qualities include intercoms, television jacks and
antennas, and at least one bath per bedroom.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
50
55
55
60
D
45
50
50
55
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
50
50
55
W
-----
All Classes:
Quality
Interior Finish
Lighting and Plumbing
HVAC
Fair
Low-cost partitions, paint, vinyl
composition, low-cost carpet, minimal
counters and shelving, open kitchen offset
and plumbing per good codes
Electric
baseboard
Average
Average drywall, vinyl composition, carpet, Adequate lighting and
adequate shelving, counters, small dining
area and kitchen, adequate bedrooms and
jacks
bath
Forced air
Good
Plaster or drywall, good partitions, paneling, Good lighting, one bath per
carpet, tile or vinyl, good room sizes, some bedroom, TV jacks
good cabinetry and shelving
Package A.C.
4 - 410
September 2002
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Excellent
High-cost partitions and wall and floor
finishes, large dining area, kitchen, good
master bedroom and bath, good cabinetry,
closets, some extras
Good fixtures, many outlets,
some extras, TV jacks
Warm and
cool air
This occupancy, together with occupancy 596 (Shell, Apartment High Rise), allows you to individually price
the shell and the tenant improvement costs for an apartment (in separate sections of the report). This provides
an alternative to occupancy 300 (Apartment High Rise), which includes both the shell and tenant improvement
costs.
The lower qualities typically have low-cost partitions, floor covers, minimal cabinetry, small open kitchen and
one bath or a bath and one-half for each unit, regardless of the number of bedrooms. The better qualities have
plaster, paneling, good detailing in molding and trim, high cost floor finishes, and full kitchen and dining
rooms. Some of the special refinements found in the better qualities include intercoms, television jacks and
antennas, and at least one bath per bedroom.
The following are not included in the costs: Fireplaces, built-in appliances and furnishings.
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
55
55
60
60
B
55
55
60
60
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
counters and shelving, small kitchen area,
one bath per unit
and plumbing per good codes
Hot water
Average
Average drywall, vinyl composition, carpet, Adequate lighting and
jacks
bath
Good
Plaster or drywall, good partitions, paneling, Many good fixtures, TV jacks, Warm and
carpet, tile or vinyl, good room sizes, some good baths and kitchens
cool air
good cabinetry and shelving, powder room
(zoned)
September 2002
Heat pump
system
4 - 411
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Excellent
finishes, formal dining area, kitchen, good
Master antennas, fine fixtures, Hot and
one full bath per bedroom
chilled water
(zoned)
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
counters and shelving, small kitchen area
Minimum uniform code, one
bath per unit
Individual
thru-wall heat
pumps
Average
Average drywall, vinyl composition, carpet, Average fixtures and circuits, Forced air
one bath per unit
bath
Good
Plaster or drywall, good partitions, paneling, Good fixtures, many outlets,
carpet, tile or vinyl, good room sizes, some over one bath per unit
good cabinetry and shelving
Heat pump
system
Excellent
finishes, formal dining area, kitchen, good
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
TV and phone jacks, good
bedroom
990 Interior Space, Neighborhood Shopping Center
991 Interior Space, Community Shopping Center
992 Interior Space, Regional Shopping Center
This occupancy, together with occupancy 492 (Shell, Office Building), allows you to individually price the
shell and the tenant improvement costs for an office building (in separate sections of the report). This
provides an alternative to occupancy 344 (Office Building), which includes both the shell and tenant
improvement costs.
Office building build-out finish costs include typical partition density and finishes commensurate with the
quality. Floor finishes are carpet, terrazzo or vinyl. Ceiling finishes vary with the quality. Luminous ceilings
and high intensity fluorescent lighting are found in the better qualities.
Most offices have a combined heating and cooling system while the lower cost structures have heating only.
4 - 412
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
55
60
60
B
50
55
60
60
C
45
50
55
55
D
40
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
40
45
50
50
S
40
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Interior Finish
Low
Low-cost partitions, paint, suspended
ceiling, vinyl composition, low-cost carpet, outlets, few extras, small
minimal counters and shelving, low-density break room
build-out, minimum workletter finishes
Average
Average drywall or plaster, acoustic tile,
Adequate lighting and outlets, Warm and
vinyl composition or carpet, adequate
average break room and
cool air
shelving and counters, small reception area, fixtures
(zoned)
few plain meeting rooms, typical clerical
Good
Good plaster, partitions, paneling,
suspended acoustic, carpet, tile or vinyl,
good reception and meeting-room space,
good cabinetry, some communication room
build-out
Excellent
High-cost partitions, insulated, many private Good private office lighting
suites, high-density build-out, many
and restrooms, best upgrades
workstations, best conference and reception
finishes, standard administrative areas
Good fluorescent lighting,
wiring, outlets and cabling,
some extras
HVAC
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Frame and Walls):
Quality
Interior Finish
Low
ceiling, vinyl composition, low-cost carpet, plumbing, few extras, small
minimal counters and shelving, low-density restrooms
build-out
Average
Average drywall, acoustic tile, vinyl
composition or carpet, adequate shelving,
counters, small reception area, few plain
management and meeting rooms, typical
clerical
Good
Plaster or drywall, good partitions, paneling, Good fluorescent lighting,
outlets, average break room
and fixtures
good reception and meeting-room space,
some good cabinetry and management
offices
September 2002
HVAC
Electric wall
heaters
Adequate lighting and outlets, Forced air
average restrooms and
fixtures
Package A.C.
4 - 413
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Excellent
High-cost partitions, conference and
reception finishes, standard administrative wiring, outlets and cabling,
areas, good workstations, break room, some good extras
private suites, high-density build-out
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
994 Interior Space, Industrial Building
This occupancy, together with occupancy 454 (Shell, Industrial Building), allows you to individually price the
shell and the office/support space costs for an industrial building (in separate sections of the report). This
provides an alternative to the following occupancies, which include both the shell and office/support space
costs:
Industrial office build-out costs include typical partition density and finish commensurate with the quality.
This includes suitable locker, break and lunchroom facilities to accommodate the personnel load. Offices are
single story. For additional office or storage area above office, add the following mezzanine components:
761 Office Mezzanine for stacked offices, metal structure and concrete floor
759 Mezzanine for stacked offices, wood structure and floor decking
763 Storage Mezzanine for storage area, softwood flooring
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
40
45
50
D
-----
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
35
35
40
45
S
35
35
40
45
W
-----
All Classes:
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
ceiling, vinyl composition, minimal
counters and shelving
plumbing, few extras, small
restroom
Electric wall
heaters
Average
Average drywall or plaster, acoustic tile,
vinyl composition or carpet, adequate
shelving and counters
Adequate lighting and outlets, Forced Air
average restrooms and
fixtures
Good
Good plaster, partitions, paneling,
good meeting or showroom space
good restrooms and fixtures,
some tile
Package A.C.
Excellent
Good executive suites, cafeteria, glazed
finishes, hardwoods
Good fixtures, kitchen, some
extras
Heat pump
4 - 414
September 2002
Shopping Centers
Overview
Shopping centers are buildings designed for a group of commercial enterprises and developed as a unit.
Complete centers are broken down into the following three individual sections, each of which is priced
separately:
?? Principal or major tenant buildings, generally referred to as anchors or magnets, which are priced
separately using the appropriate occupancies (e.g., occupancy 318 for a Department Store or occupancy
319 for a Discount Store).
?? General satellite or strip stores (shopping center buildings), which are priced using one of the four
shopping center occupancies: Neighborhood Shopping Center, Community Shopping Center, Regional
Shopping Center or Regional Discount Shopping Center.
?? Mall or pedestrian concourse area.
There are two different methods of pricing the general satellite or strip stores:
?? Using the complete cost occupancies, which include both the shell costs and the tenant improvement costs.
?? Using separate occupancies for the shell costs and the tenant improvement costs (in two different sections
of the report).
Complete Cost Occupancies
The following three occupancies include the complete cost of the general satellite or strip stores in a shopping
center (both shell costs and tenant improvement costs).
412 Neighborhood Shopping Center
A neighborhood shopping center is typically a row of open stores comprising a single line of storefronts with
individual service entrances in the rear. It is generally a small, one-story project that may or may not have a
major anchor. Typical anchors in a neighborhood center include major markets, large drug stores (discount
stores) and banks.
Shopping center costs are for the strip buildings only and include all necessary plumbing and electrical
connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas. Trade fixtures and
equipment pertinent to individual tenants are not included. The costs represent group averages of a typical
mix of tenants (excluding major anchor occupancies). The following are normally commensurate with the
quality and type of anchors they support: The mix of general occupancies found within a center, the display or
decorative storefronts, and the canopy-mansard overhang or ornamentation.
The typical tenant mixes for Neighborhood Shopping Centers are:
Retail
September 2002
25%
All general retail and specialty occupancies
4 - 415
Occupancy Reference
Discount
15%
Large drug, furniture, hardware, garden, etc.
Food
17%
Market, convenience-specialty foods, delicatessen, bakery, florist,
etc.
Food service
13%
Restaurant, lounge, cafeteria, fast food outlets, etc.
Commercial
11%
Office, financial, medical, post office, etc.
Personal services
14%
Laundry, barber, beauty, repair shops, health clubs, etc.
Recreational
3%
Theater, bowling, skating, clubhouse, day care, etc.
Miscellaneous
2%
Storage and center service areas (office, security, etc.) including
non-public access ways and restrooms
If the neighborhood shopping center includes an anchor, use the appropriate occupancies (e.g., 340 for market,
446 supermarket, 304 for bank, 319 for discount store, etc.).
If the shopping center has a mall concourse area, use the following mall components:
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
35
40
45
45
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
Low-cost fronts, block,
tilt-up panels, bearing
walls
Painted walls, drywall or
few partitions
Minimum lighting, outlets Forced air
and plumbing per unit
Average
Good block, tilt-up,
bearing or light frame,
plain fronts, some trim
VCT, some carpet and
masonry partitions
outlets per unit, small
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Stucco or brick on block,
light frame, good roof,
mansard and storefronts
Drywall, some paneling,
good VCT and acoustic
tile, carpet
Good lighting and outlets
per unit, small restrooms
Package A.C.
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
very plain, small fronts
Low-cost acoustic tile,
Minimum lighting, outlets Forced air
asphalt tile, few partitions and plumbing per unit
4 - 416
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Pipe columns, web or bar
joists, stucco or siding,
plain fronts
carpet and trim
restrooms
Package A.C.
Good
Drywall, some paneling,
good VCT and acoustic
tile, carpet
Good lighting and outlets
Package A.C.
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Plaster, VCT, wood, some Adequate lighting and
heavy brick walls, trusses, carpet, wainscot and trim outlets per unit, small
good wood sash
restrooms
Hot water
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Low
fronts
Drywall, low-cost tile, few Minimum lighting, outlets Forced air
partitions
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Low
Metal siding, finished
interior, small fronts
Drywall, low-cost tile, few Minimum lighting, outlets Forced air
partitions
Average
Good metal panels, some
trim, plain fronts
and interior trim
restrooms
HVAC
Package A.C.
413 Community Shopping Center
A community shopping center is typically an intermediate group or cluster of stores (also called a plaza). It is
generally a much larger and better-designed project than a neighborhood center. It usually supports at least
one major anchor. Typical anchors in a community center include secondary or junior department or retaildiscount stores and major restaurant buildings.
Shopping center costs are for the strip or plaza buildings only and include all necessary plumbing and
electrical connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas. Trade fixtures and
The typical tenant mixes for Community Shopping Centers are:
September 2002
4 - 417
Occupancy Reference
Retail
44%
Discount
17%
Food
9%
Market, convenience-specialty foods, delicatessen, bakery,
florist, etc.
Food service
9%
Commercial
7%
Personal services
7%
Recreational
5%
Miscellaneous
2%
Storage and center service areas (office, security, etc.)
including non-public access ways and restrooms
If the community shopping center includes an anchor, use the appropriate occupancies (e.g., 319 for discount
store, 350 for restaurant, etc.).
For the mall concourse area, use the following mall components:
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
Marshall Valuation Service sections: 13 and 43
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Low
Adequate fronts, block,
tilt-up panels, big-box
center
Painted walls and roof
deck, some acoustic, VCT, outlets per unit, small
stained concrete
restrooms
Average
Brick, block, stucco, best
tilt-up, bearing or frame,
adequate displays
composition and carpet
standard fixtures
Good
Face brick, best
block/mansard
ornamentation, good
displays
Plaster and paneling,
carpet, plain terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Stone, face brick, fine
ornamentation and
displays
ceilings, paneling,
ceramic, hardwood, carpet
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
4 - 418
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
masonry trim, adequate
front facade
composition and carpet
standard fixtures
Good
Masonry veneer, staggered Plaster and paneling,
set-backs, good fronts,
mansard fascia
carpet, plain terrazzo
Excellent
Best masonry veneer, fine
ornamentation and
displays
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
ceilings, paneling,
ceramic, hardwood, carpet
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Average
Sandwich panels,
adequate display fronts,
ornamentation
and interior trim
standard fixtures
414 Regional Shopping Center
A regional shopping center contains a large number of satellite stores in strips with one or more major
department store buildings as anchors.
Shopping center costs are for the strip buildings only and include all necessary plumbing and electrical
connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas. Trade fixtures and
The typical tenant mixes for Regional Shopping Centers are:
Retail
47%
Discount
19%
Food
8%
Market, convenience-specialty foods, delicatessen, bakery,
florist, etc.
Food service
8%
Commercial
4%
Personal services
3%
Recreational
4%
Miscellaneous
7%
Storage and center service areas (office, security, etc.)
including non-public access ways and restrooms
September 2002
4 - 419
Occupancy Reference
For the regional shopping center anchors, use the following occupancies:
319 Discount Store
353 Retail Store
757 Enclosed Mall
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
and glass, good displays
Good partitions, acoustic
ceilings, terrazzo, carpet,
vinyl tile
adequate employees’
cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Excellent
Best plaster and drywall,
metal and glass, staggered ornamental ceilings,
display fronts
paneling, carpet,
hardwood
Special lighting, many
good outlets, plumbing
and restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Mechanicals
HVAC
Package A.C.
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel columns, web or bar Acoustic ceilings, vinyl
joists, brick, block, tilt-up, composition, some carpet
adequate fronts
and masonry partitions
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
service facilities
Good
Steel frame, brick, best
block, stucco, good
displays
Good partitions, acoustic
vinyl tile
cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Excellent
Face brick, stone,
staggered setbacks, fine
display fronts
Plaster/drywall,
ornamental ceilings,
paneling, ceramic, carpet,
hardwood
and restrooms
4 - 420
Interior Finish
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Wood frame or steel
columns, masonry trim,
adequate fronts
Plaster or drywall,
and trim
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
service facilities
Package A.C.
Good
Steel or glulam frame, best Good partitions, acoustic
stucco or siding, good
display fronts
vinyl tile
cool air
restrooms
(zoned)
Excellent
Brick veneer, EIFS,
staggered setbacks, fine
display fronts
Plaster/drywall,
ornamental ceilings,
paneling, ceramic, carpet,
hardwood
and restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, metal
and glass, good
ornamentation, displays
Good acoustic tile, vinyl
and masonry partitions
Adequate lighting &
plumbing, minimum
service facilities
Package A.C.
Separate Shell and Tenant Improvement Occupancies
The occupancies in each of the following pairs are used in conjunction with one another to separately price the
shell and tenant improvements of the three types of shopping centers. When using one of these occupancy
pairs, enter the shell occupancy in one section and the interior space occupancy in a second section.
Use this pair of occupancies to individually price the shell (occupancy 460) and tenant improvements
(occupancy 990) for a Neighborhood Shopping Center.
A Neighborhood Shopping Center Shell (occupancy 460) is typically a row of open unfinished store spaces
comprising a single line of storefronts with individual service entrances in the rear. It is generally a small,
one-story project that may or may not support a major anchor. Typical anchors in a neighborhood center
include major markets, large drug stores (discount stores) and banks.
The costs for the shell occupancy are for the strip shell buildings only and include only the necessary rough
plumbing and electrical connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas.
Interior finish consists of bare space with concrete floor, demising walls and storefront entries commensurate
with the quality.
You can add interior retail space build-out (tenant improvement) costs using occupancy 990, which you must
enter in a separate section. The costs for this occupancy represent group averages of a typical mix of tenant
build-out costs only (excluding major anchor occupancies). The floor and ceiling finishes and finished
electrical and plumbing are normally commensurate with the quality and type of general occupancies found
within a center. Trade fixtures and equipment pertinent to individual tenants are not included.
September 2002
4 - 421
Occupancy Reference
The typical tenant mixes for Neighborhood Shopping Centers are:
Retail
Discount
Food
25%
15%
17%
Food service
Commercial
Personal services
Recreational
Miscellaneous
13%
11%
14%
3%
2%
etc.
If the neighborhood shopping center includes an anchor, use the appropriate occupancies (e.g., 340 for
Market, 446 Supermarket, 304 for Bank, 319 for Discount Store, etc.).
If the shopping center has a mall concourse area, use the following mall components:
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
35
40
45
45
D
30
35
40
40
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
30
35
40
40
S
30
35
40
40
W
-----
Quality Selection Guide for Occupancy 460 (Shell, Neighborhood Shopping Center):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
Lowest
Light block or tilt-up,
built-up cover, minimal
openings, no storefronts
Bare space, dirt floor, no
interior demising walls
Rough retail electrical and None
plumbing, few service
outlets
Low
Low-cost fronts, block,
tilt-up panels, bearing
walls, small fronts
Bare retail space, floor
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Average
Good block, tilt-up,
bearing or light frame,
plain fronts, some trim
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Good
Stucco or brick on block,
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
4 - 422
HVAC
September 2002
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
Low-cost siding, no
storefronts
outlets
Low
very plain, small fronts
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Average
Pipe columns, web or bar
joists, stucco or siding,
plain fronts
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
utility siding, minimal
openings, no storefronts
outlets
Low
plain fronts
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Lowest
building, no storefronts
outlets
Low
finished, small plain
fronts
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Average
trim, plain fronts
slab, some bare
partitioning
outlets
Quality Selection Guide for 990 (Interior Space, Neighborhood Shopping Center):
All Classes:
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
Painted walls, drywall or acoustic tile,
asphalt or composition tile, few partitions
Minimum lighting, outlets
Forced air
Average
Drywall or plaster, some good tile ceilings,
vinyl composition and carpet
Adequate lighting and outlets Package A.C.
September 2002
4 - 423
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Good
Drywall or plaster, some paneling,
ornamental finishes, carpet, plain terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best plaster, ornamental ceilings, paneling,
carpet, tile or hardwood
Special lighting and outlets,
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
(occupancy 991) for a Community Shopping Center.
A Community Shopping Center Shell (occupancy 461) is typically an intermediate group or cluster of
unfinished store spaces (also called a plaza). It is generally a much larger and better-designed project than a
neighborhood center. It usually supports at least one major anchor. Typical anchors in a community center
include secondary or junior department or retail-discount stores and major restaurant buildings.
Shopping center shell costs are for the strip or plaza shell buildings only and include only the necessary rough
plumbing and electrical connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas and
fixtures. Interior finish consists of bare space with concrete floor, demising walls and storefront entries
enter in a different section. The costs for this occupancy represent group averages of a typical mix of tenant
finishes only (excluding major anchor occupancies). The floor and ceiling finishes and finished electrical and
plumbing are normally commensurate with the quality and type of general occupancies found within a center.
Trade fixtures and equipment pertinent to individual tenants are not included.
The typical tenant mixes for Community Shopping Centers are:
Retail
Discount
Food
Food service
Commercial
Personal services
Recreational
Miscellaneous
44%
17%
9%
9%
7%
7%
5%
2%
etc.
If the community shopping center includes an anchor, use the appropriate occupancies (e.g., 319 for Discount
Store, 350 for Restaurant, etc.).
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
4 - 424
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
-----
B
-----
C
40
45
50
50
D
35
40
45
45
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
35
40
45
45
W
-----
Quality Selection Guide for occupancy 461 (Shell, Community Shopping Center):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Brick, block, stucco, best
tilt-up, bearing or frame,
adequate displays
Bare retail floor slab,
some bare partitioning
outlets
Good
mansard ornamentation
and display fronts
Bare retail, floor slab,
some service-storage area
fixtures
Excellent
Stone, face brick, fine
Bare retail, floor slab,
ornamentation and display some service-storage area
fronts
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
masonry trim, adequate
front facade
outlets
Good
Masonry veneer, staggered Bare retail, floor slab,
set-backs, good fronts,
some service-storage area
mansard fascia
fixtures
Excellent
Best masonry veneer, fine Bare retail, floor slab,
ornamentation and display some service-storage area
fronts
fixtures
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Good metal panels,
adequate display fronts,
ornamentation
outlets
Quality Selection Guide for 991 (Interior Space, Community Shopping Center):
All Classes:
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Low
Painted walls, drywall or acoustic tile,
asphalt or composition tile, few partitions
Minimum lighting, outlets
Forced air
September 2002
4 - 425
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Interior Finish
HVAC
Average
Drywall or plaster, some good tile ceilings,
vinyl composition and carpet
Adequate lighting and outlets Package A.C.
Good
Drywall or plaster, some paneling,
ornamental finishes, carpet, plain terrazzo
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Best plaster, ornamental ceilings, paneling,
Special lighting and outlets,
good plumbing
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
(occupancy 992) for a Regional Shopping Center.
A Regional Shopping Center Shell (occupancy 462) contains a large number of unfinished satellite store
spaces in strips with one or more major department store buildings as anchors.
Shopping center costs are for the strip shell buildings only and include only the necessary rough plumbing and
electrical connections to provide for the operation of the satellites, including service areas, but excluding
storefronts and the public pedestrian concourse.
enter in a different section. The costs for this occupancy represent group averages of a typical mix of tenant
finishes only (excluding major anchor occupancies). The storefronts, floor and ceiling finishes and finished
electrical and plumbing are normally commensurate with the quality and type of general occupancies found
within a center. Trade fixtures and equipment pertinent to individual tenants are not included.
The typical tenant mixes for Regional Shopping Centers are:
Retail
Discount
Food
Food service
Commercial
Personal services
Recreational
Miscellaneous
47%
19%
8%
8%
4%
3%
4%
7%
etc.
For the regional shopping center anchors, use the appropriate occupancies (e.g., 318 for Department Store,
319 for Discount Store, etc.).
757 Enclosed Mall
755 Open Mall
756 Covered Mall
4 - 426
September 2002
Typical Lives:
Quality
Low
Average
Good
Excellent
A
50
50
55
55
B
50
50
55
55
C
50
50
55
55
D
45
45
50
50
Class
H
-----
M
-----
P
-----
S
45
45
50
50
W
-----
Quality Selection Guide for 462 (Shell, Regional Shopping Center):
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Good
Exterior brick, concrete,
or metal and glass, no
display fronts
Bare retail, typical center
office finish, service
corridors, delivery court
plumbing, service area
finish, elevators
None
Excellent
Exterior stone, face brick,
best metal and glass, no
display fronts
finish, elevators
None
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Steel columns, web or bar Bare retail space, plain
joists, brick, block, tilt-up, center, service-delivery
no display fronts
space finish
finish, elevators
None
Good
Steel frame, exterior brick, Bare retail, typical center
best block, stucco finish,
no display fronts
finish, elevators
None
Excellent
Exterior face brick, stone,
no display fronts
finish, elevators
None
Mechanicals
HVAC
Quality
Exterior Walls
Average
Wood frame or steel
Bare retail space, plain
columns, stucco or siding, center, service-delivery
masonry trim, no display space finish
fronts
finish, elevators
None
Good
Steel or glulam frame, best Bare retail, typical center
stucco, EIFS or siding, no office finish, service
display fronts
finish, elevators
None
September 2002
Interior Finish
4 - 427
Occupancy Reference
Quality
Exterior Walls
Interior Finish
Mechanicals
HVAC
Average
Sandwich panels, metal
and glass, good trim, no
display fronts
Bare retail space, plain
center, service-delivery
space finish
finish, elevators
None
Quality Selection Guide for 992 (Interior Space, Regional Shopping Center):
All Classes:
Quality
Interior Finish
Average
Adequate storefront entries, drywall,
acoustic tile, vinyl composition, some carpet plumbing, minimum service
and trim
facilities
Package A.C.
Good
Good display storefronts, good drywall or
plaster, acoustic tile, terrazzo, carpet or
vinyl tile
Good lighting and outlets,
restrooms
Warm and
cool air
(zoned)
Excellent
Staggered setbacks, fine display fronts, best
plaster ornamental ceilings, paneling,
Special lighting, many good
restrooms
Hot and
chilled water
(zoned)
4 - 428
HVAC
September 2002

Commercial Estimator Program Occupancy Reference

Transcription

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