(Microsoft PowerPoint - apresenta\347\343o completa ingles 2015)

(Microsoft PowerPoint - apresenta\347\343o completa ingles 2015)

02/03/2015
Forestry Science and Research
Institute
Interaction and Integration since 1968
Champion
Duratex
DS (LCF)
Leon Feffer (Suzano)
ESALQ / USP
Rigesa
innovation
Madeirit
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02/03/2015
Interaction and Integration since 1968
Research
partners
Forest
Sector
University
(> 10)
INNOVATION
(25 comp)
State,
Society
etc.
Associated Companies (25)
Arauco Florestal Arapoti S.A.
Arborgen Tecnologia Florestal Ltda
ArcelorMittal BioEnergia Ltda
ArcelorMittal BioFlorestas Ltda
Brasilwood Reflorestamento S.A.
Celulose Nipo-Brasileira S/A - CENIBRA
CMPC Celulose Riograndense
Copener Florestal Ltda
Duratex S/A
Eldorado Brasil
Eucatex S/A Indústria e Comércio
Fibria Celulose S/A
Forestal Oriental
Gerdau S.A.
International Paper do Brasil Ltda
Jari Celulose, Papel e Embalagens S.A.
Klabin S/A
Lwarcel Celulose Ltda
Ramires Reflorestamentos Ltda
Montes Del Plata S.A.
Stora Enso Florestal RS Ltda
Rigesa Celulose, Papel e Embalagens Ltda
Veracel Celulose S/A
Suzano Papel e Celulose S.A.
V&M Florestal Ltda
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02/03/2015
Main Partners
USP – Universidade de São Paulo
UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista
“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”
NCSU - North Carolina University
CIRAD – La Recherche Agronomique Pour le
Développemment
UFPR – Universidade Federal do Paraná
VirginiaTech - Instituto Politécnico e
Universidade Estadual da Virgínia
Universidad de Concepción – Chile
University of the Sunshine Coast
Colorado State University
UfSCar – Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Instituto Hórus
CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and
Industrial Research Organisation
EMBRAPA - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa
Agropecuária
CESP – Companhia Energética de São Paulo
IF – Instituto Florestal
INTA – Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia
Agropecuária da Argentina
SESC – Serviço Social do Comércio
Organization Chart
Associated Companies
Deliberative Council
Fiscal Board
Scientific and Technical Board
CEO
Scientific
Coordination
Administrative and Financial
Management
Management of Forest Products
Cooperative Programs
Special Projects
Technical Assistance
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02/03/2015
Vision, Mission and Values
Vision
Be an Institute leader in research, development and innovation in the
Brazilian forest sector with international recognition.
Mission
Contribute towards technical-scientific, social and economic
development of the forest sector as well as be a feasible aim within
cooperative researches among companies through integration with
Universities, Research Centers and Society
Values
Science, Credibility, Cooperation and Integration.
Cooperative Programs
The great differential of IPEF is the Cooperative Programs, which bring
the most representative and advanced qualifications with a focus on
innovative results.
Academia
Research
partners
Forest
Sector
Cooperative
Programs
Results
(companies)
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02/03/2015
PROMAB
Watershed Monitoring And Modeling
Use of experimental micro-watershed for assessment
of the forest management effects on the water
resources.
Concern about the effects of forest plantations on
water is a permanent subject and several results
show that handling of forest plantations may lead to
hydrologic impacts in the micro-watershed scale.
» Copener Florestal
» Fibria Celulose
» Forestal Oriental (Uruguai)
» International Paper
» Klabin
» Rigesa Celulose, Papel e Embalagens
» Stora Enso Florestal
» Suzano Papel e Celulose
» Veracel Celulose
» Forest Hydrology Laboratory ESALQ/USP
» Itatinga Experimental Station - USP
Coordination
Prof. Silvio Ferraz (ESALQ-USP)
Prof. Walter de Paula Lima (ESALQ-USP)
Arthur Vrechi (IPEF)
Support
Carolina Bozzeti Rodrigues
Marco Aurélio Freitas
PROMAB
Research Topics
• Environmental monitoring
• Water use and water use efficiency
of planted forests
• Hydrological effects of forest
management
• Forests roads
• Sediments production by forest
operation management
• Hydrological zoning – local and
regional scale
• Harvest planning
• Watershed Modeling
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02/03/2015
PTSM
Silviculture and Management
Development of researches to provide
scientific and technical knowledge to drive
the silviculture operational decisions.
One of the main activities is the technical
meeting. The goal of the meetings are
debates and exchange of experiences.
Companies
Arauco Arapoti; ArcelorMittal BioFlorestas ;
Brasilwood; CENIBRA; CMPC; CESP;
Copener; Duratex; Eldorado; Eucatex ;
Fibria; Gerdau; International Paper;
Klabin; Lwarcel; Montes Del Plata; Ramires
Suzano; Veracel; and Vallourec
Coordinator
José Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves (ESALQ/USP)
Luciana Duque Silva (ESALQ/USP)
José Carlos Arthur Junior (IPEF)
PTSM
Research:
• Nutrition and forest fertilization
• Conservation and tillage
• Management of forest residues
• Seedling production and nursery
• Coppice
• Weed control
• Mixed plantation
a1
a2
b1
b2
c1
c2
Figura 3 – Aspecto dos tubetes de compósitos F1 (1) e F2 (2), no verão, que receberam a aplicação de
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02/03/2015
PROTEF
Forest Protection
Develops tools and strategies to improve the
Integrated Pest Management in forests,
implementing
systems
that
take
in
consideration the population fluctuation of
insects and their natural enemies and control
forms, respecting technical, economical, social
and environmental aspects.
Coordination
Carlos Frederico Wilcken (UNESP)
Edson L. Furtado (UNESP)
Luís Renato Junqueira (IPEF)
UNESP
UFV
Embrapa
bronze bug; red gum lerp psyllid;
leaf-cutting ants
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aperam
ArcelorMittal
Brasilwood
Cenibra
CMPC
Copener
Duratex
Eldorado
Eucatex
Fibria
Forestal Oriental
Frigg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gerdau
International Paper
Klabin
Lwarcel
Montes del Plata
Plantar
Stora Enso
Suzano
TTG
Vallourec
Veracel
PROTEF
Research Topics
• Integrated Pest Management
• Biological control
• Microbial control
Atopozelus opsimus
• Pest monitoring and survey
• Interaction eucalypts x diseases
Cleruchoides noackae
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02/03/2015
PCMF
Forest Improvement
Expand and keep the genetic base of
Eucalyptus and Corymbia species in Brazil.
Set up experimental networks to drive the
selection
under
different
climatic
conditions
and
provide
improved
genotypes (pollen, seeds, seedlings or
clones)
Companies
Amcel; Arborgen; Aperam; Copener
Florestal; Duratex ; Eldorado; Fibria;
Forestal Oriental; Jari; Gerdau Florestal;
Klabin; Lwarcel; Melhoramentos;
Palmasola; Stora Enso; V&M Florestal;
Suzano; Veracel Celulose and
Weyerhaeuser Productos S.A.
Universities
ESALQ-USP; UNESP
INTA
IF
USC
Cooodination
Aline Cristina Miranda Fernandes (IPEF)
Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes (Unesp)
Paulo Henrique Muller da Silva (IPEF)
Rinaldo Cesar de Paula (Unesp)
PCMF
Research Topics
Conservation of Population
(Base population)
Genotypes x environment interaction
Ecological zoning
Genetic variability for pest and disease
Breeding by open and control pollination
Provide seeds, pollen, propagules and do the
importation of genetic material.
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02/03/2015
TECHS
Tolerance of Eucalyptus clones to hydric, thermal and biotic stresses
Study across 36 sites over 3000-km gradient from
Equator to 33o S Latitude in Brazil and Uruguay.
Temperature (15 to 30oC), precipitation (800 to
2500 mm/yr) and soil types. At each site, a 5 ha
trial contains 11 clones of fast-growing eucalypts.
Rain-exclusion systems were installed to test the
effect of removing 30% of rainfall, and density
gradients examine the effects of competition on
growth.
Anglo American
Arauco
Arborgen
Arcelor Mittal
Cenibra
CMPC
Comigo
Copener
Duratex
Eldorado
FCB
Fibria
Florestal Itaquari
Coordination
Prof. José Luiz Stape (NCSU)
Prof. Dan Binkley (CSU)
Dr. Otávio Campoe (IPEF)
Dr. Clayton Alvares (IPEF)
Florestal Oriental
Gerdau
GMR
International Paper
Jari
Klabin
Lwarcel
Montes del Plata
Plantar
Rigesa
Suzano
V&M
Veracel
TECHS
Research Topics
Productivity and G x E interaction of 18
eucalypts clones across a climatic gradient
Genotype x Environment
interaction eucalypts clones
x
Spacing
Climatic variables controlling productivity
and carbon allocation of contrasting clones
Stand and individual level forest modelling
Light and water use efficiency at tree and
stand level
Physiological behavior of contrasting clones
under different environmental stresses
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02/03/2015
Eucflux
Carbon, water and nutrients over an Eucalyptus rotation
Eucalypts in Brazil are very productive
50 m3 ha-1y-1 (6 yrs).
Investigate
carbon, water, and
nutrients budgets over a full rotation
through continuous eddy-covariance
measurements of water vapor and CO2
fluxes, with measurements of water
table depth, soil water content till 10 m
deep, and concentrations of nutrients
in soil solutions.
Coordination
José Luiz Stape (NCSU)
Yann Nouvellon (CIRAD)
Jean-Paul Laclau (CIRAD)
Companies
Arcelor Mittal
Cenibra
Copener
Duratex
Fibria
International Paper
Klabin
Suzano
Vallourec
Eucflux
Research Topics
Carbon and water budget over a full
rotation of an eucalypt plantations
Climatic variables controlling productivity
and carbon allocation
Productivity and carbon allocation of 16
contrasting eucalypt genotyps
Biogeochemical cycles of nutrients
Stand and individual level forest modelling
Light, water and nutrient use efficiency
Roots physiological activity
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02/03/2015
PCCF
FOREST CERTIFICATION
One of the roles is to guide the companies to
achieve and maintain its social-environmental
certification.
Its main purpose is to build a solid scientific
basis to exchange experiences of affiliated
companies, certification bodies, universities,
professionals and research institutions.
To maintain direct communication channels
with the certification systems institutions.
ASSOCIAÇÃO GAÚCHA DE EMPRESAS FLORESTAIS - AGEFLOR
AMATA S/A
AMCEL - AMAPÁ FLORESTAL E CELULOSE S/A
ARAUCO FLORESTAL ARAPOTI S/A
ARAUPEL S/A
ARBORGEN TECNOLOGIA FLORESTAL LTDA
ARCELORMITTAL BIOFLORESTAS LTDA
BARRA DO CRAVARÍ AGROFLORESTAL S/A – PALMASOLA S/A
BRASILWOOD REFLORESTAMENTO S/A
CARAVELAS FLORESTAL S/A
CELULOSE NIPO-BRASILEIRA S/A - CENIBRA
CMPC CELULOSE RIOGRANDENSE
COPENER FLORESTAL LTDA
DURATEX S/A
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE FLORESTAMENTO AMBIENTAL - EBFLORA
ELDORADO BRASIL CELULOSE S/A
EUCATEX S/A INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
FIBRIA CELULOSE S/A
F.I.T. MANEJO FLORESTAL DO BRASIL LTDA
FARM & FORESTRY MANAGEMENT SERVICES - FMS
FLORESTAL VALE DO CORISCO S/A
GERDAU S/A
GRANFLOR GESTÃO DE EMPREENDIMENTOS FLORESTAIS LTDA
IGUAÇU CELULOSE, PAPEL S/A
INTERNATIONAL PAPER
KLABIN S/A
LWARCEL CELULOSE LTDA
MASISA BRASIL EMPREENDIMENTOS FLORESTAIS LTDA
PLANTAR S/A
RENOVA/VALOR FLORESTAL
SENGÉS FLORESTADORA E AGRÍCOLA LTDA
SGUARIO FLORESTAL S/A
STORA ENSO BRASIL LTDA
SUZANO PAPEL E CELULOSE S/A
TANAGRO S/A
TERRAS VERDES FLORESTADORA LTDA
TTG BRASIL INVESTIMENTOS FLORESTAIS LTDA
VERACEL CELULOSE S/A
PCCF
Topics
• Continuous monitoring the update of forest
certification systems;
• Common dialogue with companies and
relevant stakeholders;
• Generation and dissemination of solutions
that address the certification processes;
• Engagement of affiliated companies in public
consultations guided by technical-scientific
knowledge;
• Critical analyzes of policies and standards,
taking into account the regional, cultural,
economic and social diversity in which the
companies are based;
• Promotion and support of responsible forest
management, working in the South Economic
Chamber, as well as in public consultations
organized by FSC® Brazil and supporting studies
such as the National Risk Assessment.
Coordination
Companies Board
Kaliana Moro Tanganelli (IPEF)
Camilla Bragotto Marangon (IPEF)
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02/03/2015
PCMAF
Forestry automation and mechanization
Due to the rising of costs, planted area and
diminishness of the labour force along the
last decades.
The program was funded on july, 2014 and
is held by 10 associated companies. It aims
to develop and test new solutions in forest
mechanization and automation.
COMPANIES
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arauco
Arcelor Mittal
BrasilWood
Cenibra
Eldorado
Fibria
•
•
•
•
•
Gerdau
InternationalPaper
Lwarcel
Suzano
Vallourec
Coordination
Eduardo Melo (IPEF)
Mauricio Motter (Vallourec)
Rodrigo Coutinho (Arauco)
Guilherme Batistuzzo (International Paper)
PCMAF
Research Topics
• Tillage
• Irrigation
• Planting
• Weed control
• Ant control
• Labour Force Trainning and Capacitation
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02/03/2015
PPPIB
Potencial Productivity of Pine in Brazil
Introdution
Study of the processes of growth of Pinus
taeda (subtropical species) and Pinus
caribaea var. hondurensis (tropical species) in
the level of leaf, tree and stand, by
manipulating the nutritional, water and
competition between plants.
Companies and Institutions
- Arauco
- Arborgen
- Juliana
- Klabin
- Rigesa
- Renova
- North Carolina State University (NCSU)
- University of São Paulo (ESALQ – USP)
Coordinators:
José Luiz Stape
Mike Ryan
Isabel Deliberali
Juliana Munhoz
Rafaela Carneiro
PPPIB
- To estimate the Potencial Productivity and
Resource Use Efficiency of temperate and
tropical Pines: PRODUCTIVITY.
- To quantify water and nutriente regime on C
Budget and Biomass Allocation: CARBON.
- To test stand uniformity affects productivity:
DOMINANCE.
- Quantify Photosynthesis and its Controls:
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
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02/03/2015
PECE
Cloning and Rooting
Companies
Develop protocols for large-scale
clonal production of selected
subtropical eucalypts and their
hybrids by mini-stem cutting and
micro-stem cutting techniques,
with special attention to induction
and formation of a functional
radicular system.
Study of sub-tropical eucalypts
species.
Arauco (Chi)
Fibria (Bra)
Foresta Oriental (Uru)
Montes Del Plata (Uru)
Stora Enso (Bra)
Suzano (Bra)
Coordination
Antonio Natal Gonçalves (USP)
Marcílio de Almeida (USP)
Israel Gomes Vieira (IPEF)
PECE
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02/03/2015
PCSN
Silviculture of Natives
Facilitating the exchange, consolidation and
systematization of information.
Rationalizing research efforts and seeking
greater integration between companies and
society, taking into account forest
restoration and native forestry for economic
purposes.
Restoration and Commercial production.
Coordination
Pedro Henrique Bracalion (USP)
Maria José Zakia (IPEF)
Board of expert (universities)
Information - Publications
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02/03/2015
Information
Library “Prof. Helládio do Amaral Mello”
Description
Books
Thesis
Manuscript
Articles on events
Total
2013
38
70
1874
132
Total
5,747
2,956
74,641
13,420
113,204
IPEF online
www.ipef.br
Events
2013: 30 events and 1080 people
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02/03/2015
Seeds Sector
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02/03/2015
Seeds sector
It was created in 1966
Total of seeds: 200 tons
Estimated planted area: 6.000.000 ha
Activities: harvesting, processing, storage and distribution of
seeds, pollen and seedlings
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02/03/2015
Species and Production Areas
Species / provenances: 150
Harvesting
areas:
associated
companies and Universities (USP
and Unesp)
Seeds
Average = 687 kg of seeds year-1:
423 kg eucalypts and pinus; and 264 Kg native species
Total 35.000 hectares
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02/03/2015
Forest Improvement Coop.
Aim: Increase, conservation and breeding
Work with two “group” of species
1- Already improved in Brazil (Ex: E. grandis, E. urophylla and E. saligna)
Source of material: forest companies, experimetal station in Brazil and abroad
2- Potencial species “not” improved in Brazil
Source of material: Australia, experimetal station, forest companies in Brazil
and abroad
Improved species
“Restart” in 2008
Companies: 16
Partner: INTA
Specie
Progenies Provenances
E. grandis
290
14
E. urophylla
315
13
E. saligna
140
8
Lote
2
2
1
First experimental network
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02/03/2015
Frost in Palmasola – E. grandis
Rust in Anhembi – E. grandis
Future seed orchards in Anhembi – Both species
Improved species
Formation of orchards – field and controlled
• Molecular approach
• Adaptability and stability
• Ecological zoning
• Inoculation of rust
Waiting for the new generation - breeding 2015
Orchard of intraspecific hybrids (E. grandis and E. urophylla)
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02/03/2015
Potencial species
Start in 2011, after Australia visit
Companies: 15
Partners: CSIRO and SCU
E. regnans
E. grandis
Source of material: Australia, experimetal station, forest companies in Brazil and
abroad
Cod
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Specie
C. citriodora citriodora
C. citriodora citriodora
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. citriodora variegata
C. henryi
C. henryi
E. amplifolia
E. amplifolia
E. argophloia
E. brookeriana
E. cladocalyx
E. crebra
E. denticulata
E. longirostrata
E. longirostrata
E. longirostrata
E. longirostrata
E. macarthurii
E. major
E. major
E. major
E. major
E. moluccana
E. moluccana
E. moluccana
E. occidentalis
E. occidentalis
E. thozetiana
E. thozetiana
E. thozetiana
E. camaldulensis
E. brassiana
E. urophylla
C. torelliana F. muel
Section
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Ochraria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Maidenaria
Symphyomyrtus Aenigmataria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Maidenaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Maidenaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Bisectaria
Symphyomyrtus Bisectaria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Ochraria
Fonte
Lee
Lee
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Kleinig
IPEF
Lee
Lee
CSIRO
CSIRO
Lee
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
Lee
Lee
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
Lee
Lee
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
CSIRO
IPEF
IPEF
IPEF
IPEF
Provenance
Yeppoon
Kirrima
BARAKULA SF
SADDLER SPRINGS
RICHMOND RANGE
SSO BARCLAYS DENILIQUIN
Wolvi
Brooyar
Woondum
Cherry Tree 4q
Woondum
Anhembi -(Woondum e Wondai)
Lockyer
Myrtle
NERONG S.F.
CLOUDS CK SF & TSR
SO bulk
OTWAYS
33.9K NW BARADINE PO
ERRINUNDRA S F
STARKVALE CREEK
Diamondy
Coominglah
Paddys River, NSW
27K SE GYMPIE
BLACKDOWN TABLELAND
Brooweena
CREDITON S.F.
Mt Garnet
Ravenshoe
PORONGURUP
NE ALICE SPRINGS
NE ALICE SPRINGS
CLERMONT
Selviria/MS
Urbano Santos/MA
Avaré/SP
Anhembi/SP
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02/03/2015
Potencial species
Formation of base populations (pure or hybridization)
Characterizations
• Growth
• Adaptability and stability
• Inoculation of diseases
• Pest and diseases screening
• Drought tolerance
• Molecular approach
• etc
Potencial species
First observation: Leptocybe invasa susceptibility (gall) in nursery
Cod
Specie
Section
Provenance
15
16
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
33
39
40
E. amplifolia
E. amplifolia
E. longirostrata
E. longirostrata
E. longirostrata
E. macarthurii
E. major
E. major
E. major
E. major
E. moluccana
E. camaldulensis
E. brassiana
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Maidenaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Transversaria
Symphyomyrtus Adnataria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
Symphyomyrtus Exsertaria
NERONG S.F.
CLOUDS CK SF & TSR
STARKVALE CREEK
Diamondy
Coominglah
Paddys River, NSW
27K SE GYMPIE
BLACKDOWN TABLELAND
Leptocybe invasa
E. camaldulensis
Brooweena
Ravenshoe
Selviria/MS
Urbano Santos/MA
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02/03/2015
IPEF Matriz
Avenida Pádua Dias, 11
Bairro Agronomia – Piracicaba/SP
Tel.: +55 (19) 2105-8600
IPEF Unidade Monte Alegre
Avenida Comendador Pedro Morgante, 3500
Bairro Monte Alegre – Piracicaba/SP
Tel.: +55 (19) 2105-8690
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02/03/2015
FOREST PLANTATIONS
IN BRAZIL
Historical facts
18 ...
Introduction: More than 50 species of Eucalyptus.
1903
Consumption: 1,000,000 sleepers and 600,000 m3 of firewood -Cia Paulista Railways
Hiring: Edmundo Navarro de Andrade
1909 Acquisition: Rio Claro Experimental Station
1913 Set up: Original collection, seeds 150 species, 144 planted and 118 survive
1918 Commercial planting: 4,000,000 of eucalypts trees
1967 to 1989: development of competitive wood industry by government policy which
subsidized afforestation
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02/03/2015
Eucalypts
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02/03/2015
Pinus
Eucalypts
ABRAF 2013
ABRAF 2013
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02/03/2015
Eucalypts productivity
In Brazil are some of the most productive eucalypts plantation: MAI > 40 m3 ha-1 yr-1
Most important species: E. grandis and E. urophylla (+5 species)
Good tecnology
• Breending programs
• Clones or seedlings production
• Weed Control
• Tilling
• Planting and irrigation
• Mineral fertilization
Troubles
• Pest and Disease
• Drought and frozen
(Gonçalves et al., 2013 - Integrating genetic and silvicultural strategies to minimize abiotic and biotic constraints in Brazilian eucalypt plantations)
Genoptype
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02/03/2015
Seedlings and clones
Troubles
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02/03/2015
Abiotic (wind, frost and drought)
Biotics
Pest:Leptocybe invasa , Glycaspis
brimblecombei, Thaumastocoris
peregrinus , Costalimaita ferruginea
Diseases: Rhizoctonia, Cylindrocladium,
Puccinia psidii, Ralstonia solanacearum,
Ceratocystis fimbriata, Mycosphaerella
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02/03/2015
www.ipef.br
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