Febina Mathew1, Kathleen Grady1, Taylor Olson1, Bob Harveson2

Febina Mathew1, Kathleen Grady1, Taylor Olson1,
Bob Harveson2, Michelle Gilley3, Jessica Halvorson3, and Samuel Markell3
1South
Dakota State University, Brookings, SD;
of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE;
3North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
2University
Collaborators/Co-operators
• Collaborators
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Steve Erikson and Bob Benson (Mycogen)
Bill Gilbert (Syngenta seeds)
Aaron Franzen (Syngenta)
Joel Schaefer (CHS)
Michael McCarville (Bayer)
Dan Waldstein (BASF)
Keith Johnson (DuPont)
Jeremy Klumper (NuSeed)
• Co-operators in South Dakota
• Tom Young
• Dustin Smith
• Dillon Baloun
Current Problems
• Phomopsis stem canker continues to be of concern in
2015.
– Disease incidence was between 40 to 100% in
commercial fields (H. Kandel and T. Gulya, 2015 NSA survey).
Picture by Dr. Sam Markell
Current Problems
• Limited management options
• Most commercial hybrids are susceptible to
Phomopsis stem canker.
– Yield reduction is similar for both hybrids (Mathew et al.
2015).
Picture by Dr. Sam Markell
Current Problems
• Previous research
– In 2014, fungicides were investigated in North Dakota and
Nebraska (S. Markell and R. Harveson, unpublished).
• Results showed fungicides alone may be inadequate.
Picture by Dr. Sam Markell
In 2015
Objective:
Evaluate an integrated approach to manage Phomopsis stem
canker.
Materials and methods:
• A total of eight locations established in SD, MN and NE
• Susceptible and tolerant hybrids solicited from companies
• Fungicide applications at growth stages (V12-R1, R1-R3,
R3-R5).
• Disease was evaluated at R5 or later (after flowering).
• Data analyses performed in SAS v9.3.
(LSD = 276.1; P > 0.05)
3500
3000
Yield (lb/A)
2500
2000
1500
b
ab
ab
ab
ab
b
Endura @
R3-R5
Folicur @
R3-R5
ab
a
ab
ab
1000
500
0
Non-treated Endura @ R1 Folicur @ R1 Headline @
control
R1
Headline @ Headline (R1) Endura (R1) Headline (R1)
R3-R5
+ Folicur
+ Folicur
+ Endura
(R3-R5)
(R3-R5)
(R3-R5)
Fungicide applications
• Scottsbluff, NE
• Fungicides at low labeled rates
Rothsay, MN
Susceptible
Resistant
(LSD = 632.28; P > 0.05)
3500
Yield (lb/A)
3000
a
2500
2000
ab
ab
a
ab
ab
ab
b
1500
1000
500
0
Non-treated
Headline
Quadris
Fungicide treatments @ R2
• Rothsay, MN
• Mycogen hybrids
• Fungicides @ 6 fl oz/A
Aproach
Susceptible
Resistant
3500
Yield (lb/A)
3000
2500
cde
2000
1500
cde de
abc
abcd
bcde
cde
de
(LSD = 480.05; P < 0.0001*)
ab
abcd
a
abcd
abcd
bcd
ef
f
1000
500
0
Fungicide applications
• Rothsay, MN.
• Headline @ 6 fl oz/A (Pyraclostrobin, BASF)
• Mycogen hybrids.
Hazel, MN
Susceptible
Resistant
4000
a
ab
3500
Yield (lb/A)
3000
2500
2000
(LSD = 373.74; P = 0.0001*)
ef
g
def
fg
def
ab
abc
cde
def
ef
def
abc
bcd
cde
1500
1000
500
0
Treatments
• Hazel, MN.
• Headline @ 6 fl oz/A (Pyraclostrobin, BASF)
• CHS hybrids.
Brookings, SD
Susceptible
Resistant
1200
a
a
Yield (lb/A)
1000
800
600
(LSD = 295.16; P =0.0018*)
a
ab
abc
abcd
de
cde
abcd
abcde
bcde
de
de
cde
de
e
400
200
0
Fungicide applications
• Brookings, SD
• Quadris @ 6 fl oz/A(Azoxystrobin, Syngenta)
• CHS hybrids.
Highmore, SD; Cooperator - Mr. Dillon Baloun
Susceptible
Resistant
(LSD = 524.19; P < 0.0001*)
2500
a
Yield (lb/A)
a
abcd
2000
abcd
cdef abcd
bcde
1500
efgh
ab
a
defg
fgh
gh
gh
1000
h
h
500
0
Fungicide Treatments
• Highmore, SD.
• Aproach @ 6 fl oz/A(Picoxystrobin, DuPont)
• Syngenta hybrids.
Onida, SD; Cooperator - Mr. Tom Young (Mycogen seeds)
Susceptible
Resistant
(LSD = 532.99; P < 0.0001*)
3500
Yield (lb/A)
3000
ab
ab
ab
2500
2000
1500
de
cde
a
ab
ab
bcd
de
e
de
ab
cde
1000
500
0
Fungicide applications
• Onida, SD.
• Priaxor @ 4 fl oz/A (Fluxapyroxad +
Pyraclostrobin, BASF)
• Mycogen hybrids.
abc
de
Summary
• Symptoms of Phomopsis stem canker observed after
flowering
• Choosing a resistant over susceptible hybrid
– Yield increase ≥ 400 lbs/A
• Fungicide
– What to spray?
• Strobilurin fungicides (=FRAC Group 11) offer control
(Gilley et al. 2015)
Summary
• Results in 2015 suggest
– On a susceptible/resistant hybrid
• Fungicide applications at R1-R3 may be considered
• We hope to repeat the study in 2016 (Pending funding)
Acknowledgements