Polish Furniture Outlook 2011

Polish Furniture Outlook 2011
Tomasz Wiktorski
Ogólnopolska Izba Gospodarcza Producentów Mebli
The Polish Chamber of Commerce of Furniture Manufacturers
Międzynarodowe Targi Poznańskie
Poznań International Fair
January 2011
Polish Furniture Outlook 2011
The study was prepared in January 2011 by B+R STUDIO Tomasz Wiktorski on commission of
The Polish Chamber of Commerce of Furniture Manufacturers and Poznań International Fair.
Prepared by D.Sc. Tomasz Wiktorski, M.Sc. Olga Warchoł
Advisory: D.Sc. Marek Adamowicz, M.Sc. Michał Strzelecki
Composition and text breaking: B + R Studio
Picture on the front page Galmeb (with permition) www.galmeb.pl
Copyright by B + R Studio Tomasz Wiktorski
Distribution: Office of The Polish Chamber of Commerce of Furniture Manufacturers
51 Al. Stanów Zjednoczonych, Warsaw 04-028
ph +4822 5177839, fax +4822 517 77 19,
e-mail: [email protected], www.oigpm.org.pl
Copying and distribution of the report with any technique require the consent of OIGPM.
All calculations, estimations and forecasts were prepared by B + R Studio on the base of
official data, in case of missing data it was supplemented on the base of experts enquiries. All
sources are mentioned below in tables, pictures and diagrams.
B + R Studio is not responsible for use of the data and particularly forecasts presented in
the report. Despite of all efforts to present a real scenario of the future there is no certainty that
such a scenario will take place .
B+R Studio Tomasz Wiktorski
Kietlin, ul. Słoneczna 3
97-500 Radomsko
www.brstudio.eu
[email protected]
© 2011
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Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
Introduction
Over the last 20 years the Polish furniture industry has achieved significant success - it was
promoted to the group of leaders in the world furniture exports. Globally, more furniture is exported
only by the Chinese, Italians and Germans.
The achievement of this success would not have been possible without the long-standing
traditions and collective efforts of many companies both big firms and the large number of small and
medium-sized, mostly family businesses created after the changed of political system in 1989. Thanks to
these changes the furniture industry in Poland has been almost entirely privatized.
Together with the free market, there have been investments of foreign corporations. As effects
there were transfers of know-how and open up foreign markets for Polish furniture.
As a result the Polish furniture export has risen from 147 million dollars in 1989 up to 7 000
million dollars in 2009, and it was over 47 times more! At the same time only furmiture industry of China
grew faster.
Despite the relatively good time in the past two decades, the Polish furniture industry, for the first
time during last 10 years, recorded the reduction of furniture production in 2009. Exports of furniture
have been reduced by about 15%, although it was eased by foreign exchange rate for exporters. The value
of sold production in 2009 was lower in the domestic currency by 2.6%, while countries such as many
times mentioned Germany, Italy and China have to limit exports by 20% to 30% in recent years.
For many years, Polish furniture sector has been improved in terms of design and quality. The
Polish manufacturers have gained the trust of many western clients.
Unfortunately, for the foreign distributors, the furniture exported from Poland does not exist
under the brand name of manufacturers. Therefore, the weakness of the furniture industry is the lack of a
common brand. Its creation is a arduous, an extensive and multifaceted process. The OIGMP for many
years has been trying to interest the government to put efforts in combined promotion of furniture and
the Polish economy. Product is never assessed higher than the country of origin.
Now the furniture industry is at the first place among the 15 industries selected by the Ministry of
Economy, to grant financial support under Measure 6.5 of the Operational Program of Innovative
Economy. Furniture industry is very close to realize its aspirations. The primary tool in building the brand
abroad is consistent, professionally prepared and consequently implemented a strategic plan. For the
implementation of this plan, it is still needed the commitment and experience of entrepreneurs. They
have run for their own money promotion of furniture so far. Now, in conjunction with public money, we
can multiply the effect and preserve.
Today, it is difficult to talk about end of economic crisis in Europe, where there is still distressing
economic information from different countries. It is also difficult to talk about the return of lasting
prosperity in the furniture industry. The report "Polish Furniture Outlook 2011" is designed to allow
managers of furniture companies to learn about the complex processes which are taking place in the
furniture market.
Explanation of the reasons for the furniture industry sales declines, information on the results of
export, the pattern of trade furniture and interior elements will certainly let to have a broader look at
strategic plans of companies and make any adjustments.
I think that the report "Polish Furniture Outlook 2011" will be mandatory reading for every
furniture specialist.
D.Sc. Marek Adamowicz
OIGPM Director
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From the Author
Having a great satisfaction of the well received report Polish Furniture Outlook 2010 we would
like to present you a new edition for 2011. Having the experience from last year we would like to present
you the expanded report which describes two different faces of Polish furniture market. One of them is a
domestic market. There are over 38 millions of customers and it is the 6th, the biggest market in European
Union. Taking into consideration the average expenses on furniture, the Polish market is on the opposite
side of the ranking. In long term perspectives the market is rated as that one with stable potential for
development. The characteristic element of the market is also a huge share of direct sales from micro
companies, which are not obliged to do statistical reports, for individual clients. CSO has estimated the
value of it on the level of PLN 1 950 million1. The sales on domestic market is highly depended on national
terms like: amount of national debt, infrastructure investments connected with Euro2012, liquidation of
tax allowances (VAT for company cars), promotion events of individual entities on the market and so on.
The second face of the Polish furniture market is a global, export leader of furniture. For several
years the Polish furniture export has had a significant position on the international market of furniture.
Only China, Italy and Germany have exported more than Poland. Taking into consideration the weight of
furniture, Poland is just after China, on the second place. Polish furniture is sold on all continents (beside
Antarctica) and it means that Polish producers are able to adjust to specific and requirements of
customers on markets around the world. This part of the market observes carefully changes on global
market like monetary policy in USA and China, budgetary problems in Euro zone, unrest in the Middle
East, decision of ecological peaks regarding carbon dioxide emission or introduction of hygienic norms for
wood - based motherboards and etc. This part of the market, despite of its advantage over domestic one,
is fraught with considerable risk investment.
We hope that this report Polish Furniture Outlook 2011 will be a useful tool in your daily work.
D.Sc. Tomasz Wiktorski
1
CSO – Central Statistical Office, pl. GUS Główny Urząd Statystyczny
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Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
Polish economy
Basic macroeconomic data
Poland covers the territory of 312.7 million km2, and it is approximately 0,2% of land area
on the Earth. It terms of volume it is 68th number in the world. Taking into account 38,2 million
people, Poland is placed on the 32nd position in ranking with 0,6% of global population2.
Legend
Population density; person/km2,
Figure 1 Population of selected European countries.
countries
X 10 million
Data according to Eurostat as at January 1, 2009.
2009
Figure 2 Population of selected European countries.
countries
Data according to EUROSTAT as at January 1, 2010.
2
Collective work 2010. Maly Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2010. CSO Warsaw, Data for 2008.
-5-
The country was ranked on the 27th position as an exporter in the world in 2008 and with
the share of 1,1% of world export, and in the 18th position as an importer, with the share of 1,4%.
Taking into account the value of GDP for 2010, the Polish economy was on the 21st position in
the world3. The position of Poland in Europe is higher, i.e. it is ranked as the 9th country in terms
of the area and in the 8th position in the terms of population. Poland is the 13th European
exporter and the 9th importer, while the Polish economy was the 8th biggest in Europe in 2008.
Table 1 Basic macroeconomic indicators of the Polish economy.
Description
Gross Domestic Product
GDP per Capita
Inflation rate y/y
Unemployment rate
Employment in the national economy
Average monthly wages and salaries
Average monthly cost of work for one
employee
Cost of one hour of work
Unit
PLN
million
PLN
2000
2005
744 378
983 302
2008
2009
2010*
2011**
1 275 432 1 344 037 1 395 110 1 455 099
19 458
25 767
33 462
34 015
35 307
36 366
%
7,4
0,6
2,8
3,5
2,5
3,0
%
thousand
people
PLN
15,1
17,6
9,5
12,9
12,8
12,5
15 489
12 891
14 037
13 842
13 664
13 721
1879,40
2402,46
3000,11
3156,14
3263,73
3439,97
PLN
2622,76
3252,02
3986,50
4185,83
4311,40
4586,63
PLN
18,03
23,22
27,85
29,24*
30,12
31,98
104,6
103,5
104,5
4,3273
3,9946
3,80
The indicator of private consumption in
y/y
113,3
104,2
110,3
the household sector (current prices)
Weighted average Exchange rate
PLN
4,0110
4,0254
3,5166
PLN/EUR
4
Based on GUS data; * estimated data; ** forecast of CSO, NBP and IMF.
Among the noticeable effects of the global economic and financial crisis there is in Poland
a decrease of dynamic growth of GDP and increase of unemployment . However, there has not
been recession in economy thanks to temporary weakening of Polish currency against EUR and
US dollar, and positive dynamic of private consumption.
It is worth to pay attention to comparison of the cost of salaries and the total cost of
work. According to the research done by CSO, it apparent that the gross salaries constitute
around 75% of cost of work at the moment but before it amounted to 70%. The employers bear
not only the part of costs of social security but also costs of recruitment, trainings, human
resources management, business trips, transportation, and expenditure on health and safety.
3
Forecast of IMF /International Monetary Fund/ www.imf.org; comparison of the data Gross Domestic
Products based on purchasing-power-parity.
4
National Bank of Poland
-6-
Production
roduction of furniture
Structure of furniture production in Poland
Pol
No. of companies
3501-4000
3001-3500
2501-3000
2001-2500
1501-2000
1001-1500
551-1000
0-550
Figure 7 Location of furniture production companie
companies according to REGON registry
The furniture industry in Poland is highly competitive. There are a few thousands
active entities on the market. In accordance to the obligation of data update
update in REGON
registry by end of 2009, we present above (figure
(
7)) the geographical location of entities
which main economic activity is furniture production – PKD 31. In total there are over 23,5
thousand companies which declared the production of furniture as a main activity (look at
table 6),
), including 21 thousand micro companies. Information updated by CSO in R
REGON
system corresponds with estimation presented in the last edition of Polish Furniture Outlook
2010 in comparison to large and medium size companies. It is stated that there are 110
large companies against estimated 80 and 409 medium companies against estimated 400.
The discrepancy might occurred from irregular fulfilment of statistic reports because in
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Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
quarterly publications “Input and output of industry” informed that during last two years
there were total number of 450 – 570 large and medium size companies. There is much
higher than expected the number of small firms , in REGON at the end of 2009 there were
1 770 firms, but estimation amounted around one thousand. Repeatedly higher is the
number of micro entities. There are in REGON over 21 thousand against estimated
5 thousand active on the market. In the base of the search lead by OIGPM, SGGW and others
it is stated that only around ¼ of micro entities declared activity is really they done, other
entities perform other work, do it temporary or suspend it. Next comparisons presented in
this report are based on official CSO data or unless describe differently.
The biggest number of registered companies is in Wielkopolskie voivodship, next in
Mazowieckie and Małopolskie (total over 9,5 thousand). The lower numbers are in Lubuskie
and Świętokrzyskie voivodships, total around 1100 entities.
Table 6 Size structure of furniture companies according to REGON registry.
Total – registered entities
Entities with the number of
employees
1,74%
0-9
10-49
50-249
>250
2009
23 539
21250
1770
409
110
0,47%
7,52%
0-9 people
10-49 people
50-249 people
>250 people
90,28%
n = 23 539
Figure 8 Quantity structure of furniture companies at end of 2009 by REGON.
The structure which is taking into account the value of sold production concerning
companies of various classes of size looks differently. Taking into consideration information
published for the first time according the new PKD 2007classification in „Mały rocznik
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statystyczny Polski 201011” and quarterly publications of “Nakłady
Nakłady i wyniki przemysłu12” it is
possible to have the exact value of industry sold production for whole sector including micro
mi
companies (see table 7) and it is PLN 27 194 million.
Structure of sold production of furniture companies
according to the size by groups
Micro entities
7,2%
Small
entities
14,8%
Large entities
53,6%
Medium
entities
24,4%
n=27,2 PLN billion
Figure 9 Sold production of furniture companies by its size in 2009.
The value of production and employment of large and medium size companies was
estimated on the base of total value of sales of these companies and total employment
published by CSO. The data also includes (due to temporary changes) information about
production of car seats, which will be excluded
excluded next year from furniture production group.
The production of car seats amounts to PLN 2,5 billion.
Table 7 Value of furniture industry sold production by entities size classes in 2009.
Value of sold
production in
2009
[PLN bilion]
Total
27,194
Large entities
14,589
Medium entities
6,62
Small entities
4,028
Micro entities
1,950
Based on CSO and own estimation
Percentage
share
No of
entities
100,0%
53,6%
24,4%
14,8%
7,2%
23539
110
409
1770
21250
Total number of
working people
(owners, co owners
and employees)
167 257
68 000
34 700
28 560
35 997
Work effectiveness
for one working
human
[PLN]
162 840
214 510
191 050
141 020
54 570
As quoted in other publications large and medium size companies are responsible for
80% of sold production in furniture sector and for large companies it is around 54%, medium
size 24%. The division of shares in these two groups is estimated and determined by the
11
eng. Consice statistical yearbook of Poland. Warsaw. CSO. 2010
12
eng.
ng. Outlays and results in industry.
industry CSO. Warsaw
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Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
results of the first 30 furniture companies, with total number of employees from 50 to 249
and over 249 people which are registered in REGON. Small entities have 15% of share in sold
production. Before, the value of sold production of micro companies was underestimated.
According to CSO it should amount to PLN 2 billion. It resulted from wrong estimation of
employees in the sector. With reference to publication „Pracujący w gospodarce narodowej
w 2009 roku13” there were 167 thousand people working in furniture industry, including
154 300 employees, and the others are owners, co owners and working family members.
Impact of changes of PKWiU and PKD classification on value of sales in
furniture industry
The biggest change which has a disturb the time series with furniture production
value in Poland is transfer of car seats and similar to the group „Other equipment and
accessories for motor vehicles, excluding motorcycles”.
Table 8 Change of car seats classification
According
PKWiU 2004
36.11.11-30.00
36.11.11-70.90
36.11.11-70.90
Description
Seats used in motor vehicle
Other upholstered
furniture for seating with
metal frame
Seats for vehicles
Other floating
constructions (…)
Parts of railway
locomotives and rolling
stock(…)
According PKWiU
2008
29.32.10.0
30.11.50.0
30.20.40.0
After a change of classification the decrease of sold production value was observed in
furniture sector in 200914 and 201015 by over PLN 3 billion and at the same time the increase
of sold production value in the new group PKD 29.32 by PLN 2,5 billion.
Table 9 Influence of PKWiU classification changes on furniture industry sold production.
Classification
Code PKWiU
2004/2008
Year
Description of the group
Other spare parts and equipments for
motor vehicles excluding motorcycles
Spare parts and equipments for
2008 34.30
motor vehicle and its engines
2009 31
Furniture
2008 36.1
Furniture
On the base of “Production of industrial goods in 2009” by CSO.
2009
29.32
Absolute
Value of sold
change 2009 to
production in
2008 in PLN
PLN million
million
32 861
+2 526
30 335
22 418,
25 435
- 3 017
13
eng. Employment in national economy in 2009. CSO. Warsaw. 2010
14
Counted according to item method and published in „Production of industry goods in Poland”
15
Counted according to entity method and published in “Outlays and results in industry”
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The value of sold production for the group 36111130 according to Eurostat data was
EUR 848 million in 2008 and EUR 582 million in 2009 and it gives the value of PLN 2 981
million and PLN 2 519 million16.
Among the biggest companies producing car seats which were before in furniture
group there is Faurecia with plants in Walbrzych, Grójec and Legnica (www.faurecia.com).
The value of sold production for these three plants in 2008 amounted to PLN 2 463 million17.
On the base of confirmed information, all mentioned factories have changed code of their
activities in statistic office according to requirements at the end of 2009. The decrease of
sold production value in furniture industry in 2010 is caused by consequences of statistic
changes.
Table 10 Sold production and influence of PKD classification changes on the market.
Description
Value
Estimation of sold production
value for furniture companies
**
Dynamic y/y
Correction of car seats value
PLN
billion
Estimation of sold production
value after correction
Dynamic after correction
Furniture sold production,
calculated by product method
Dynamic
* estimation
PLN
billion
PLN
billion
PLN
billion
2005
2006
2007
PKD 2004/PKWiU 2004
2008
2009
2010*
PKD 2007 /
PKWiU 2008
20,608
23,225
24,777
25,676
25,247
23,576
-
1,13
-
1,07
-
1,04
-2,981
0,98
-2,518
0,93
-
22,695
22,729
23,576
1,037
23,090
1,03
20,050
21,052
23,472
25,435
1,001
22,418
-
1,050
1,115
1,084
0,881
** full name: estimation of sold production value for furniture companies with employment > 9; up to 2008,
after sold production of furniture PKD 31, companies which employ >9
The companies which produce car seats in 2009 have been sending “Meldunki
o działalności gospodarczej DG-1” (reports about business activities DG-1) as a furniture
companies. The data was calculated by entity method and in 2009 and changes were
noticed (published in “Outlays and results in industry”). However, in the “Report on
production P-01 (PRODPOL)” for 2009 which was prepared on the base of item methodology
(published in “Production of industry goods in Poland”) which was prepared after end of the
year the car seats were counted as car equipment from the group 29 of PKWiU 2008. That is
why there are decrease in dynamic between 2009 and 2010. During the next years the
situation should stabilized.
16
On the base of Prodcom for companies which employ more then 19 people
17
On the base of „Lista 2000 firm” by Rzeczpospolita dated on Nov 24, 2009.
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Foreign Trade
Export of furniture
The data about foreign exchange is gathering on the base of combined
nomenclature. During analyzed period the classification have not been changed. It means
that the data is comparable for the period. Data from Eurostat is derived from customs
declarations and Intrastat, Extrastat declarations. The obligation to fulfill these declarations
has companies which made in the previous fiscal year exports or imports for an amount
more than PLN 1 million. The reports are prepared in a terms of value and quantity, at this
time in kilograms. Preparation and analysis of data relating to the weight of furniture let to
do consolidate of multiple comparisons and eliminates some confusion. In addition, it
compensates for the importance of small to large furniture in a quantitative structure.
The data presented for the period 2005 - 2008 might differ from data presented in
the publication of Polish Furniture - Outlook 2010, since then the value of exports, the
volume and the relevant shares were related to the value of exports to 33 main partners which accounted for more than 95% of export value. This report uses the complete data on
weight and value of exports and due to the values shares were calculated. In addition,
benefited of the new data collected by Eurostat, as data can be corrected at any time.
A similar situation applies for the import of furniture.
Table 22 Development of Polish export in the period of 2005 – 2010.
Description
Value in EUR million according to
Eurostat
Export in PLN million according to
Eurostat
Value in EUR million according to
OIGPM/CSO
Average annual exchange rate EUR
according to NBP
Value in PLN million according to OIGPM
* Estimation data; ** forecast.
2005
4 431
2006
4 941
2007
5 537
2008
5 870
2009
5 014
2010*
5 769
17 835
19 247
20 946
20 643
21 695
23 045
4 447,9
5 001,2
5 646,7
5 938,1
5 018
5 520
4,0254
3,8951
3,7829
3,5166
4,3273
3,9946
17 904
19 480
21 361
20 882
21 714
22 050
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Import of furniture
Import of furniture to Poland has been substantially curtailed in 2009. The year 2010
brought no improvement for importers. On the one hand, Polish producers much more
effectively fight for the domestic market, on the other hand weak dollar effectively
discouraged from buying foreign goods. After two years from the beginning of the crisis,
imports calculated in EUR are reduced by about 20%, while exports almost regained the
losses.
Table 28 The indicators which characterize import of furniture to Poland.
Description
Value in EUR million by Eurostat
Value in PLN million
Value in EUR million by OIGPM
Exchange rate by NBP PLN/EUR
Value in PLN million by OIGPM/GUS
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010*
683,0
2749,0
628,1
4,0254
2528,3
763,0
2972,0
785,6
3,8951
3060
944,0
3571,0
989,7
3,7829
3744,0
1115,0
3921,0
1 127,5
3,5166
3965
885,0
3830,0
975,4
4,3273
4221,141
890,0
3542,0
985,2
3,98
3891,358
* Estimated data; ** forecast.
4,5
3,921
4
3,83
3,571
3,542
3,5
3
2,749
2,972
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,683
0,763
0,944
1,115
0,885
0,89
0,5
0
2005
2006
2007
Import in EUR billion
2008
2009
2010*
Import in PLN billion
Figure 33 Polish import of furniture in the period of 2005 – 2010
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Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
Indicates and rankings
Assignments of the NACE/PKWiU codes to main groups of furniture
Selecting groups of furniture was made according to the criterion of functional and
was subjective.
Table 33 Assignment of main furniture groups to PKWiU and NACE codes
Assignment
to the group
of furniture
Code
PKWiU
2008
Description PKWiU
Code and description NACE rev. 2
Office
31.00.11-55
Office
31.00.11-59
31001155 - Upholstered swivel seats
with variable height adjustment, with
backrest and fitted with castors or
glides excluding medical, surgical,
dental or veterinary seats - barbers' or
similar chairs
31001159 - Non-upholstered swivel
seats with variable height adjustment
(excluding seats with castors or glides,
medical, surgical, dental or veterinary
seats, barbers' or similar chairs)
Upholstered
31.00.11-70
Armchairs
and chairs
31.00.11-90
Upholstered
31.00.12-10
Armchairs
and chairs
Upholstered
31.00.12-30
Armchairs
and chairs
31.00.12-90
Armchairs
and chairs
Furniture
elements
Furniture
elements
31.00.13-00
Meble do siedzenia obrotowe, z regulowaną
wysokością, tapicerowane, z oparciem, na
rolkach lub płozach, z wyłączeniem sprzętu
do siedzenia lekarskiego, chirurgicznego,
dentystycznego lub weterynaryjnego, foteli
fryzjerskich lub podobnych
Meble do siedzenia obrotowe, z regulowaną
wysokością, bez tapicerowanych, z
wyłączeniem na rolkach lub płozach oraz
sprzętu do siedzenia lekarskiego,
chirurgicznego, dentystycznego lub
weterynaryjnego, foteli fryzjerskich lub
podobnych
Tapicerowane meble do siedzenia, z
metalową ramą, z wyłączeniem obrotowych,
lekarskich, chirurgicznych, dentystycznych
lub weterynaryjnych, foteli fryzjerskich lub
podobnych, foteli do pojazdów
mechanicznych, do statków powietrznych
Nietapicerowane meble do siedzenia, z
metalową ramą, z wyłączeniem obrotowych,
lekarskich, chirurgicznych, dentystycznych
lub weterynaryjnych, foteli fryzjerskich lub
podobnych
Meble do siedzenia przekształcalne w
miejsca do spania, z wyłączeniem mebli
ogrodowych i kempingowych
Meble do siedzenia trzcinowe, wiklinowe,
bambusowe lub z podobnych materiałów
Meble do siedzenia, tapicerowane, o
konstrukcji drewnianej, włączając zestawy
wypoczynkowe w trzech elementach, z
wyłączeniem obrotowych
Meble do siedzenia, bez tapicerowanych, o
konstrukcji drewnianej, z wyłączeniem
obrotowych
Pozostałe meble do siedzenia
31.00.14-00
Części mebli do siedzenia
31.00.20-30
Furniture
elements
31.00.20-50
Części mebli z metalu, z wyłączeniem do
mebli lekarskich i chirurgicznych,
dentystycznych lub weterynaryjnych, mebli
do siedzenia, foteli fryzjerskich - do mebli
przeznaczonych dla systemów hi-fi,
magnetowidów lub telewizorów
Części do mebli z drewna, z wyłączeniem do
mebli lekarskich i chirurgicznych,
dentystycznych lub weterynaryjnych, mebli
31.00.12-50
31001170 - Upholstered seats with
metal frames (excluding swivel seats,
medical, surgical, dental or veterinary
seats, barbers' or similar chairs, for
motor vehicles, for aircraft)
31001190 - Non-upholstered seats with
metal frames (excluding medical,
surgical, dental or veterinary seats,
barbers' or similar chairs, swivel seats)
31001210 - Seats convertible into beds
(excluding garden seats or camping
equipment)
31001230 - Seats of cane, osier,
bamboo or similar materials
31001250 - Upholstered seats with
wooden frames (including three piece
suites) (excluding swivel seats)
31001290 - Non-upholstered seats with
wooden frames (excluding swivel seats)
31001300 - Other seats, of HS 94.01,
n.e.c.
31001400 - Parts of seats
31002030 - Parts of metal furniture
excluding for medical, surgical, dental
or veterinary furniture, seats, barbers'
chairs - for specially designed furniture
for hi-fi systems, videos or televisions
31002050 - Parts of wooden furniture
excluding for medical, surgical, dental
or veterinary furniture, seats - for
- 61 -
Furniture
elements
31.00.20-90
Office
31.01.11-10
Office
31.01.11-40
Office
31.01.11-70
Office
31.01.12-00
Office
31.01.13-00
Kitchen
31.02
Kitchen
31.02.10-00
Kitchen
31.02.1000.01
31.02.1000.02
31.03.11-00
Kitchen
Mattresses
Mattresses
Mattresses
Mattresses
Mattresses
Other
do siedzenia - przeznaczonych dla
systemów hi-fi, magnetowidów lub
telewizorów
specially designed furniture for hi-fi
systems, videos or televisions
Części do mebli innych niż z drewna czy
metalu, z wyłączeniem do mebli lekarskich i
chirurgicznych, dentystycznych lub
weterynaryjnych, mebli do siedzenia, foteli
fryzjerskich - przeznaczonych dla systemów
hi-fi, magnetowidów lub telewizorów
Stoły kreślarskie biurowe, metalowe, z
wyłączeniem stołów wyposażonych w
urządzenia lub przyrządy zaprojektowane
jako część takiego stołu
Meble metalowe, w rodzaju używanych w
biurze, o wysokości nieprzekraczającej 80
cm
Meble metalowe, w rodzaju używanych w
biurze, o wysokości przekraczającej 80 cm
Meble drewniane w rodzaju używanych w
biurze
Meble drewniane w rodzaju używanych w
sklepach
MEBLE KUCHENNE
31002090 - Parts of furniture other than
of wood or metal excluding for medical,
surgical, dental or veterinary furniture,
seats, barbers' chairs - for furniture
designed for hi-fi, videos or televisions
Meble drewniane, w rodzaju stosowanych w
kuchni
Meble drewniane, w rodzaju stosowanych w
kuchni, do wbudowania
Meble drewniane, w rodzaju stosowanych w
kuchni, pozostałe
Stelaże pod materace
31.03.12-30
Materace z gumy komórkowej, włączając z
metalową ramą, z wyłączeniem materaców
wodnych i pneumatycznych
31.03.12-50
Materace z tworzywa komórkowego,
włączając z metalowa ramą, z wyłączeniem
materaców wodnych i pneumatycznych
31.03.12-70
Materace ze sprężynami wewnątrz, z
wyłączeniem z gumy komórkowej, z tworzyw
sztucznych komórkowych
Materace, z wyłączeniem ze sprężynami
wewnątrz, z gumy komórkowej, z tworzyw
sztucznych komórkowych
Meble metalowe, gdzie indziej
niesklasyfikowane (inne niż w rodzaju
stosowanych w biurze) CN 9403 20 20 +
9403 20 80
31.03.12-90
31.09.11-00
Bedrooms
31.09.12-30
Dining and
living
rooms
31.09.12-50
Other
31.09.13-00
Meble drewniane, w rodzaju stosowanych w
sypialni, z wyłączeniem wyposażenia
budowlanego do szafek montowanych na
ścianach, stelaży dla materaców,
wyposażenia lamp i oświetlenia, luster
stojących na podłodze, mebli do siedzenia
Meble drewniane, w rodzaju stosowanych, w
rodzaju stosowanych w pokojach stołowych i
salonach, z wyłączeniem luster stojących na
podłodze, mebli do siedzenia CN 9403 60 10
Meble drewniane, gdzie indziej
31011110 - Office metal drawing tables
(excluding those designed/fitted with
machines or instruments as part of the
table)
31011140 - Metal furniture of a kind
used in offices, of a height <= 80 cm
31011170 - Metal furniture of a kind
used in offices, of a height > 80 cm
31011200 - Wooden furniture of a kind
used in offices
31011300 - Wooden furniture for shops
31021000 - Kitchen furniture
31031100 - Mattress supports
(including wooden or metal frames
fitted with springs or steel wire mesh,
upholstered mattress bases, with
wooden slats, divans)
31031230 - Mattresses of cellular
rubber (including with a metal frame)
(excluding water-mattresses, pneumatic
mattresses)
31031250 - Mattresses of cellular
plastics (including with a metal frame)
(excluding water-mattresses, pneumatic
mattresses)
31031270 - Mattresses with spring
interiors (excluding of cellular rubber or
plastics)
31031290 - Mattresses (excluding with
spring interiors, of cellular rubber or
plastics)
31091100 - Metal furniture (excluding
office, medical, surgical, dental or
veterinary furniture; barbers' chairs cases and cabinets specially designed
for hi-fi systems, videos or televisions)
31091230 - Wooden bedroom furniture
(excluding builders' fittings for
cupboards to be built into walls,
mattress supports, lamps and lighting
fittings, floor standing mirrors, seats)
31091250 - Wooden furniture for the
dining-room and living-room (excluding
floor standing mirrors, seats)
31091300 - Other wooden furniture
- 62 -
Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
niesklasyfikowane CN 9403 60 90
Other
31.09.14-30
Other
31.09.14-50
Meble z tworzyw sztucznych, z wyłączeniem
mebli lekarskich i chirurgicznych,
dentystycznych lub weterynaryjnych, osłon i
szafek przeznaczonych dla systemów hi-fi,
magnetowidów lub telewizorów
Meble z innych materiałów niż metal, drewno
czy tworzywa sztuczne, z wyłączeniem mebli
do siedzenia, osłon i szafek przeznaczonych
dla systemów hi-fi, magnetowidów lub
telewizorów
(excluding bedroom, dining-, livingroom, kitchen office, shop, medical,
surgical, dental/veterinary furniture,
cases and cabinets designed for hi-fi,
videos and televisions)
31091430 - Furniture of plastics
(excluding medical, surgical, dental or
veterinary furniture - cases and
cabinets specially designed for hi-fi
systems, videos and televisions)
31091450 - Furniture of materials other
than metal, wood or plastic (excluding
seats, cases and cabinets specially
designed for hi-fi systems, videos and
televisions)
The assignment of CN codes for the major groups of furniture
Selection of furniture groups was made according to the criterion of functional and
was subjective. The choice was analogous to the allocation of NACE /PKWiU. Unlike in
Outlook 2010 the medical furniture group was separated from the group other furniture.
Table 34 Classification CN and assignment to major groups of furniture
Furniture groups
used in analysis
Omitted
Omitted
Office
Office
Upholstered
Armchairs
chairs
Armchairs
chairs
Upholstered
Armchairs
chairs
Upholstered
Armchairs
chairs
Armchairs
chairs
Index and description
9401 Seats (other then in 9402), even seats convertible into beds, and their parts:
9401 10 00 − Seats of the type used for aircraft
9401 20 00 − Seats of the type used for motor vehicles
9401 30 − Seats, swivel seats, with variable height adjustment:
9401 30 10 − − Upholstered, with backrest and fitted with castors or glides
9401 30 90 − − Other
9401 40 00 − Seats, convertible into beds, excluding garden seats or camping equipment
− Seats of cane, osier, bamboo or similar materials:
and
9401 51 00 − − Of bamboo or rattan
and
9401 59 00 − − Other
− Other seats, with wooden frames:
9401 61 00 − − Upholstered
and
9401 69 00 − − Other
− Other seats, with metal frames::
9401 71 00 − − Upholstered
and
9401 79 00 − − Other
and
9401 80 00 − Other seats
9401 90 − Parts:
Omitted
9401 90 10 − − Seats of the type used for aircraft
− − Other:
Furniture elements 9401 90 30 − − − Of wood
Furniture elements 9401 90 80 − − − Other
9402 Medical, surgical, dental or veterinary furniture (for example operating tables, examination
tables,
- 63 -
Other
Other
Office
Office
Office
Office
Office
Office
Upholstered
Office
Office
Office
Office
Office
Kitchen
Kitchen
Bedrooms
Dining and living
rooms
Office
Dining and living
rooms
Other
hospital beds with mechanical equipment, dental chairs); barbers' chairs and similar chairs,
swivel seats, with tilting backrest or height adjustment; parts for the above products:
9402 10 00 − Dental chairs, barbers' chairs and similar chairs and their parts
9402 90 00 − Other
9403 Other furniture and their parts:
9403 10 − Metal furniture, of the kind used in offices
9403 10 10 − − Drawing tables (other than those included in item 9017)
− − Other:
− − − Height not exceeding 80 cm
9403 10 51 − − − − Desks —
9403 10 59 − − − −Other —
− − − Height exceeding 80 cm:
9403 10 91 − − − − Cupboards with doors, shutters or flaps
9403 10 93 − − − − Filing/ card-index cabinets, and other drawer cabinets
9403 10 99 − − − − Other
9403 20 − Other metal furniture:
9403 20 20 − − Beds
9403 20 80 − − Other
9403 30 − Wooden furniture of the kind used in offices:
− − Height not exceeding 80 cm:
9403 30 11 − − − Desks
9403 30 19 − − − Other
− − Height exceeding 80 cm:
9403 30 91 − − − Cupboards with doors, shutters or flaps; Filing/ card-index cabinets and other
drawer cabinets
9403 30 99 − − − Other
9403 40 − Wooden furniture, of the type used in kitchens::
9403 40 10 − − Furniture for fitted kitchens
9403 40 90 − − Other
9403 50 00 − Wooden furniture, of the type used in bedrooms
9403 60 − Other wooden furniture
9403 60 10 − − Wooden furniture, of the type used in dining and living-rooms
9403 60 30 − − Wooden furniture, of the type used in shops
9403 60 90 − − Other wooden furniture
9403 70 00 − Furniture of plastics
Furniture of other materials, including furniture of cane, osier, bamboo or similar materials:
Other
9403 81 00 − − Of bamboo or rattan
Other
9403 89 00 − − Other
9403 90 – Spare parts
Furniture elements 9403 90 10 − − of metal
Furniture elements 9403 90 30 − − of wood
Furniture elements 9403 90 90 − − of other materials
9404 Mattress supports; bed linen products and similar accessories (for example mattresses,
quilts,
eiderdown, pillows, poufs and scatter cushions) fitted with springs or stuffed, or containing any
interior
material, or made of cellular rubber or plastics, even covered:
Bedrooms
9404 10 00 − Mattress supports
- 64 -
Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
− Mattress:
9404 21 − − Of cellular rubber or plastics, even covered
Mattresses
Mattresses
Mattresses
Mattresses
Omitted
9404 21 10 − − − Of cellular rubber
9404 21 90 − − − Of cellular plastics
9404 29 − − Of other materials
9404 29 10 − − − With spring interiors
9404 29 90 − − − Other
9404 30 00 – Sleeping bags
- 65 -
List of content
Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 3
Basic macroeconomic data.................................................................................................................. 5
Population. Size and structure by territory division............................................................................ 7
Industry Structure ............................................................................................................................. 12
Production of furniture ......................................................................................................................... 16
Structure of furniture production in Poland ..................................................................................... 16
Impact of changes of PKWiU and PKD classification on value of sales in furniture industry ........ 19
Changes in values of manufactured furniture groups....................................................................... 22
Quantitative structure of furniture by particular groups. ................................................................. 26
Price and profitability indicators of furniture sector. ....................................................................... 30
Price indicator ............................................................................................................................... 30
Profitability index .......................................................................................................................... 30
The cost structure in furniture production ....................................................................................... 31
Investments ....................................................................................................................................... 32
Sales of furniture in Poland ................................................................................................................... 33
The real consumption........................................................................................................................ 33
Structure of furniture trade, stores and chain stores ....................................................................... 34
Dynamics of changes in prices and margins ...................................................................................... 37
Foreign Trade ........................................................................................................................................ 38
Export of furniture............................................................................................................................. 38
Geographic structure ........................................................................................................................ 39
The structure of export by furniture groups counted in EUR ....................................................... 44
Export by furniture groups quantitative ....................................................................................... 46
Import of furniture ............................................................................................................................ 50
The geographic structure .................................................................................................................. 51
Value and quantitative structure of import by groups ................................................................. 55
Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 60
Indicates and rankings ........................................................................................................................... 61
Assignments of the NACE/PKWiU codes to main groups of furniture .............................................. 61
The assignment of CN codes for the major groups of furniture ....................................................... 63
List of tables .......................................................................................................................................... 66
List of figures ......................................................................................................................................... 67
List of tables
Table 1 Basic macroeconomic indicators of the Polish economy. ........................................... 6
Table 2 Basic demographic data for Poland. .......................................................................... 7
Table 3 Population structure by voivodship and sub regions according to CSO. ..................... 9
Table 4 Forecast of the population size in Poland 2008-2035. ..............................................11
Table 5 Industry sectors broken down by the sold production. .............................................13
Table 6 Size structure of furniture companies according to REGON registry. ........................17
Table 7 Value of furniture industry sold production by entities size classes in 2009. .............18
- 66 -
Polish Furniture – Outlook 2011
Table 8 Change of car seats classification .............................................................................19
Table 9 Influence of PKWiU classification changes on furniture industry sold production. ....19
Table 10 Sold production and influence of PKD classification changes on the market. ..........20
Table 11 Sale income and employment in the biggest Polish furniture companies. ..............21
Table 12 Quantitative structure of furniture production in Poland in 2005 – 2010 period. ..27
Table 13 Quantitative structure of produced furniture. .......................................................29
Table 14 Price index of sold production in furniture sector. According to CSO. .....................30
Table 15: Profitability of sold production in furniture industry..............................................30
Table 16 Changes in costs structure in furniture sector........................................................31
Table 17 Capital expenditures in furniture sector. ................................................................32
Table 18 The value of furniture market for individual customers. .........................................33
Table 19 Furniture trade, chains, showrooms and super markets. ........................................34
Table 20 The biggest trade companies in furnishing and electronic goods sectors. ...............35
Table 21 Index of products and services prices. ...................................................................37
Table 22 Development of Polish export in the period of 2005 – 2010. .................................38
Table 23 The structure of export to selected markets in 2005-2010 (PLN million). ...............40
Table 24 Changes of the export to particular markets ..........................................................42
Table 25 The Dynamics of particular markets in export of furniture. ....................................43
Table 26 The structure of export value by furniture groups. .................................................45
Table 27 The structure of export volume by furniture group. ...............................................47
Table 28 The indicators which characterize import of furniture to Poland. ...........................50
Table 29 Import structure in 2005 – 2010 – value in EUR million and percentage shares ......51
Table 30 Dynamic of particular markets in furniture import. ................................................54
Table 31 Structure of furniture import to Poland by furniture groups ...................................55
Table 32 Characteristics of the volume of import by groups of furniture. .............................58
Table 33 Assignment of main furniture groups to PKWiU and NACE codes ...........................61
Table 34 Classification CN and assignment to major groups of furniture...............................63
List of figures
Figure 1 Population of selected European countries. ............................................................. 5
Figure 2 Population of selected European countries. ............................................................. 5
Figure 3 Age pyramid of the population of Poland. ................................................................ 8
Figure 4 Value of industry sold production in Poland. ...........................................................12
Figure 5 The structure of industry in Poland by value of sold production. .............................14
Figure 6 Employment structure in 2009. ...............................................................................15
Figure 7 Location of furniture production companie according to REGON registry ...............16
Figure 8 Quantity structure of furniture companies at end of 2009 by REGON. ....................17
Figure 9 Sold production of furniture companies by its size in 2009......................................18
- 67 -
Figure 10 The biggest furniture companies in Poland. ..........................................................22
Figure 11 Structure of furniture production value in Poland. ................................................23
Figure 12 Changes in production structure according to CSO. ...............................................23
Figure 13 Structure of furniture production in Poland according to NACE v1 and v2. ............24
Figure 14 Production of furniture in Poland in 2008 – 2009 ..................................................25
Figure 15 Structure of furniture production in Poland according to Eurostat. .......................26
Figure 16 Production volume of chosen furniture groups in 2005-2010 period. ....................27
Figure 17 Changes in production volume in %. .....................................................................28
Figure 18 Structure of furniture production volume by Eurostat...........................................29
Figure 19 Index price of furniture industry sold production in 2005 – 2010 period. ..............30
Figure 20 Sales profitability of furniture. ..............................................................................31
Figure 21 Number of companies with PKD 4759 according to REGON registry ......................36
Figure 22 Furniture export from Poland in the period of 2005 – 2010 ..................................39
Figure 23 The value of Polish furniture export to selected countries in 2010. .......................39
Figure 24 Changes in the ranking of export in 2005 – 2010 ...................................................40
Figure 25 Changes in the ranking of the direction of Polish furniture export. ........................41
Figure 26 Changes in the markets share within the structure of export in 2008 – 2009. .......42
Figure 27 Changes in the value of export structure due to furniture group. ..........................44
Figure 28 Percentage shares in export by furniture groups. ..................................................45
Figure 29 The dynamic of changes in export by group of furniture. ......................................46
Figure 30 The structure of export volume by group of furniture. ..........................................48
Figure 31 The changes in structure of production volume by group of furniture...................48
Figure 32 The dynamic of export volume changes for particular group of furniture. .............49
Figure 33 Polish import of furniture in the period of 2005 – 2010.........................................50
Figure 34 Import of furniture to Poland in 2010 ...................................................................51
Figure 35 Ranking of furniture import directions in 2005 – 2010 by Eurostat. ......................52
Figure 36 Changes in the ranking of furniture suppliers. .......................................................53
Figure 37 Changes in share of different markets in import structure in 2008 – 2010. ...........53
Figure 38 Dynamic in furniture impor to Poland from main partners 2008-2010 ..................54
Figure 39 Changes in import structure in EUR. ......................................................................56
Figure 40 Import of furniture in 2005-2010 period, in EUR ...................................................56
Figure 41 The dynamic changes in import by group of furniture. ..........................................57
Figure 42 Changes of shares in import value by furniture groups..........................................57
Figure 43 The dynamic in changes of import in groups of furniture by weight. .....................58
Figure 44 Changes of shares in import in groups of furniture by weight. ..............................59
Figure 45 Import of furniture in 2005-2010 period in tons ....................................................59
Figure 46 Changes of shares in import by groups of furniture 2008 – 2010. ..........................60
- 68 -