Wetlands Biodiversity and Services: Tools for

Transcription

Francisco A. Comín, Adela Lamana, Cecilia Español, Mercedes García
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC
PROGRAM
EDITED BY:
PROMOTED BY:
International Conference Wetlands 2014
Wetlands Biodiversity and Services:
Tools for Socio-Ecological Development
ASOCIACIÓN para la INTEGRACIÓN
de los SERVICIOS de los ECOSISTEMAS
PARTNERS
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WETLANDS 2014
ORGANIZED BY:
2014
IX EUROPEAN WETLAND CONGRESS
6.º European Pond Conservation Network
This Conference Book has been elaborated by:
Francisco A. Comín, Adela Lamana, Cecilia Español, Mercedes García
ConferenCe CommiTTees
Conference Chair
Francisco A. Comín. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC. Zaragoza, Spain.
Advisory Committee
Mauricio Borin. University of Padova
Jan Kvet. University of South Bohemia, ˇCeské Budˇejovice, Czech Republic
Edward Maltby. University of Liverpool, U.K.
Robert McInnes. RAMSAR representative, RM Wetlands & Environment Ltd, U.K.
Daniela Russi, Institute for European Environmental Policy, London-Brussels
scientific Committee
Hans Brix. Aarhus University. Arhus, Denmark
Hana ˇCíˇzková. University of South Bohemia. ˇCeské Budˇejovice, Czech Republic
Gordon H. Copp. Cefas-Lowestoft, UK and Bournemouth University, U.K.
Jorge A. Herrera. CINVESTAV-IPN. Mérida, México
Ülo Mander. University of Tartu. Tartu, Estonia
David Moreno. Ikerbasque-Basque Foundationfor Science. Bilbao, Spain.
Beat Oertli. University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland. Geneva, Switzerland
Jose M. Sánchez-Pérez. CNRS/INPT-ENSAT/Univ. Paul Sabatier. Toulouse, France
Laura Serrano . University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Jos Verhoeven. Utrecht University. Utrecht, The Netherlands
PierLuigi Viaroli. Università degli Studi di Parma. Italia
Jan Vymazal. Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague. Czech Republik
Dominik Zak. Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries. Berlin, Germany
Local organizing Committee
Dani Boix. Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
Gema Cacho. Comarca de Los Monegros. Sariñena, Huesca, Spain
Fabian Carranza. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Carmen Castañeda. Estación Experimental Aula Dei-CSIC
Nadia Darwiche. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Jaca (Huesca) Spain
Cecilia Español. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Maria R. Felipe-Lucia. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Belinda Gallardo. Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC. Sevilla, Spain
Francisca Gallego. Comarca de Los Monegros. Sariñena, Huesca, Spain
Mercedes García. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Stéphanie Gascón. Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
Juan José Jiménez. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Jaca (Huesca) Spain
Adela Lamana.Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Enrique Navarro. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Adriá Masip. Parque Científico-Teconlógico Aula Dei. Zaragoza, Spain
Xavier Quintana. Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
Ricardo Sorando. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología. Zaragoza, Spain
Claudia Teutli. University of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain
TABLe of ConTenTs
Greetings and Welcome .............................................................................................
5
Conference site: Huesca, Aragón, Spain .....................................................................
6
Conference venue: Huesca Congress Palace ..............................................................
Program .....................................................................................................................
Schedules at a Glance .............................................................................................
Schedule at a Glance: Conference .......................................................................
Schedule at a Glance: Sessions ...........................................................................
Schedule at a Glance: Authors ............................................................................
Day by day Program ................................................................................................
6
7
7
7
8
12
16
Accompanying persons program ...............................................................................
31
Mid Conference Field trips .........................................................................................
32
Biographical notes of Plenary Lecturers .....................................................................
34
Panel Discussion .........................................................................................................
35
Abstracts of Plenary Lectures .....................................................................................
36
Oral presentation abstracts of Concurrent Sessions, Symposia, Special Sessions
and Workshops ..........................................................................................................
38
Poster presentation abstracts ....................................................................................
131
Author´s index ............................................................................................................
192
GreeTinGs
Dear participants of the SWS Europe / EPCN conference in Huesca,
A warm word of welcome on behalf of SWS Europe! This meeting is dedicated to the exchange of new research results and practical experiences on wetland ecosystem functions
and services and their policy and management implications. In Europe, we are increasingly
recognizing the importance of our wetlands in these respects. In spite of the severe losses
of wetland habitats that have occurred on our continent, we are now in a phase of increasingly effective protection of the remaining wetland resources and of major restoration initiatives. It is my wish that our meeting will contribute further to this positive development,
in particular in the semi-arid region where we are hosted.
Hasta la vista (See you) in Huesca.
Jos Verhoeven
President of SWS Europe
WeLCome
Dear Colleagues,
Organizing a scientific-technical congress is a thrilling adventure because you don´t know in
advance the attraction capacity of the call and how the meeting will develop. The major challenge of scientists is to make their results useful for the society. We prepared this meeting
with the objectives of attracting many colleagues from many countries and opening the perspective towards a socio-ecological interpretation of wetlands.
Wetlands Biodiversity and Services: Tools for Socio-Ecological Development is our motto which
indicates our interest to integrate wetland functions and values as essential part of the people´s development, all this based on a sound scientific knowledge which we are sure will be
present at this Conference.
We thank all those who are contributing to the organization of this Conference and to all
delegates for your participation. On behalf of the Organizing Committees, I wish you take
the most of this meeting and welcome you to enjoy the stay in Huesca.
Francisco A. Comín
Wetlands 2014 Chairperson
5
ConferenCe siTe
Huesca, Aragón, spain: The city of Huesca is well known for its pleasant atmosphere and
excellent gastronomy. The city of Huesca is located at 488 m.a.s.l., in the center of a 20 km
depression call Hoya of Huesca. Huesca (52,000 inhabitants) is a very pleasant and walkable
city. You can walk in a few minutes all around. We recommend you to visit the web page
http://www.huescaturismo.com to get more information of Huesca city and surroundings.
The province of Huesca: Huesca province is a 15,626 km2 administrative territory (Diputación
de Huesca: http://ww.dphuesca.es) with beautiful landscapes. In the north, the Pyrenees
Range with high mountains (over 3,000 m.a.s.l., with alpine pastures, black pines and fir
trees), down through holm oaks, dry and irrigated cereals, at mid altitudes and irrigated
maize, rice and vegetables in counties where water from the rivers is transported through
canals for irrigation. Huesca territory is well known because of the many possibilities to practice active tourism (walks, routes, biking, fishing, horse riding) and adventure sports (canoeing, rafting, canyoning, paraglide, etc…). Visit: http://http://www.huescalamagia.es for
more information. Also traditional and industrial agriculture (irrigated cereals, dry fruits, winery with excellent wine cellars) can be visited at the counties of Huesca Province,
http://www.somontano.org/), Los Monegros (http://www.losmonegros.com) and other
countries.
The region Aragón is a 48,000 km2 territory (1,400,000 inhabitants) with a gradient of landscapes from the Pyrenees Mountains to the lowlands at the Ebro River (200 m.a.s.l at
Zaragoza, the capital city (700,000 inhabitants). spain (48 million inhabitants) is the SW European country sharing the territory of the Iberian Peninsula with Portugal. Spain is one of
the 25 biodiversity hotspots in the world and considered one of the most biodiverse countries
in the European Union. A high diversity of wetland types is distributed in Spain from north
alpine peatlands and lakes to coastal lagoons in its coasts, including the Balearic and Canary
Islands. Wetlands are of major relevance in Spain because its general dry climates and lack
of water makes this type of ecosystem most valuable. Also they are very representative
ecosystems and evolutions laboratories for both species and people use of natural resources.
ConferenCe Venue Huesca Congress Palace
The Conference will take place at the Huesca Congress Palace (Palacio de Congresos de
Huesca: http://www.palaciocongresoshuesca.es/) in the city of Huesca, Huesca Province,
one of the three provinces of the Aragón Autonomous Community, in Spain (in northeast
Spain). The Conference Venue is closed to a number of hotels. A short walk of 10-15 minutes
is required for reaching the Conference Venue from any hotel in Huesca and a walk of 20-25
minutes from the most distant places of Huesca.
The Satellite Session on EU Life Projects (Tuesday 16 September) will take place at the Meeting Hall of Comarca de Los Monegros (Monegros County) in Sariñena (Huesca). Sariñena is
the capital village of Monegros county, an area of high value because of its contribution to
produce food, particularly cereals and vegetables in irrigated lands. Monegros County, responsible for the EU Life Project Creamagua, has huge interest on improving the environmental characteristics of its territory.
The Concurrent Sessions of the Conference will take place in the Auditorium (ground floor)
and in Rooms 1, 2 and 3 (first floor). The Poster sessions will take place in the Posters Hall
(ground floor). Breaks and lunches will take place in the basement floor of the Congress
Palace.
6
ProGrAm
sCHeduLes AT A GLAnCe
sCHeduLe AT A GLAnCe: ConferenCe
Hour
sunday 14
08:00
08:30
09.30
10:00
12:00
13:30
15:00
17:00
Registration
17:30
monday 15
Tuesday 16
Wednesday 17
Thursday 18
Plenary lecture
Departure
Huesca
Congress
Palace
Plenary Lecture
SWS-Europe
Meeting
Break
Concurrent
Sessions
Poster
Session
Break
Concurrent
Sessions
Panel
Discussion
Session
Lunch
Concurrent
Sessions
Break
Concurrent
Sessions
Poster
Session
18:30
19:00
Inauguration
20:00
Snack
evening
meal
Mid
Conference
Field
Trips
Satellite
Session
EU Life
Projects
Break
Concurrent
Sessions
Panel
Discussion
Session
Lunch
Concurrent
Sessions
Break
Lunch
Concurrent
Sessions
Closure
and Farewell
Concurrent
Sessions
Poster
Session
EPCN
Meeting
Conference
Dinner Huesca
Congress Palace
7
sCHeduLe AT A GLAnCe: sessions
sunday 14 september
17:00-19:00 h. Registration
19:00-20:30 h. Inauguration
monday 15 september
Hour
Auditorium
room 1
room 2
08:30 Plenary Talk (E. Maltby)
09:30
10:30
Symposium
The role of wetlands and
buffer zones as green inPonds-1 frastructure elements of
agricultural landscapes in
watershed management-1
Ü. Mander & J. Tournebize
12:00 Panel Discussion (Plenary)
13:30
15:00
Symposium
Self-purification capacity
in Riparian wetlands:
the European Project
Ponds-2
Interreg Sudoe
Attenagua-1
J.M. Sánchez-Pérez
& S. Sauvage
17:00
17:30
BREAK
Biological
features-1
Management-1
LUNCH
Biological
features-2
Management-2
BREAK
Ponds-3
Symposium
Self-purification capacity
in Riparian wetlands:
the European Project
Interreg Sudoe
Attenagua-2
J.M. Sánchez-Pérez & S.
Sauvage
18:30
8
room 3
POSTER
Biological
features-3
SESSION
Management-3
Tuesday 16 september
Hour
satellite session in sariñenaeu Life Projects meeting
fieLd TriPs
08:00 Departure from Congress Palace
08:00 field trip A: Freshwater and saline wetlands & ponds
(Huesca-Monegros
(Sariñena-Bujaraloz-Sariñena)Huesca).
field Trip B: River Ebro floodplain & wetland restoration
(Huesca-Zaragoza-Monegros (Sariñena)-Huesca).
field Trip C: Ox-bow and gravel pit lakes in the Gállego
and Ebro Rivers (Zaragoza) & Wetland restoration to remove nitrates exceeding agricultural irrigation (HuescaZaragoza (Juslibol)-Monegros (Sariñena)-Huesca)
Departure from Huesca
(Congress Palace)
Welcome by Monegros
County President.
Presentations of EU Life Projects
Exchange of experiences
by EU Life Projects
Lunch in sariñena
field trip visit to restored wetlands
(EU Life Project CReamagua)
19:00
Back in Huesca
20:30
Conference dinner at Huesca Congress Palace
9
Wednesday 17 september
Hour
Auditorium
room 1
room 2
room 3
08:30 Plenary Talk (G. Van Halsema)
09:30
BREAK
10:00
Symposium
Self-purification capacity in
Riparian wetlands:the Eu- Biology related
ropean Project Interreg
Geo-Eco-Hydrology
Socio-Ecological Issues
to physical
Sudoe “Attenagua-3
features-1
J.M. Sánchez-Pérez
& S. Sauvage
12:00 Panel Discussion (Plenary)
13:30
LUNCH
15:00
Symposium
Symposium
The role of wetlands and
Biodiversity, ecology
buffer zones as green
and management of infrastructure elements
of agricultural landscapes
Mediterranean
in watershed
ponds-1
management-2
S. Romo & L. Serrano
Ü. Mander & J. Tournebize
17:00
17:30
Climate Change
Biology related
to physical
features-3
Workshop
Wetlands as new
stages of modern
ecotourism
K.Laurén, M.Taskanen
& A.Tolvanen
BREAK
Symposium
Biodiversity, ecology
and management
of Mediterranean
ponds-2
S. Romo & L. Serrano
Symposium
Wetland processes and
metabolism: from
functioning
to functions-1
P.L. Viaroli
18:30
19:00 EPCN Meeting
10
Biology
related
to physical
features-2
POSTER
SESSION
Thursday 18 september
Hour
Auditorium
room 1
08:30 Society of Wetland Scientists-Europe Meeting
09:30
BREAK
10:00
Symposium
Symposium
Peatlands:
Ecology,
Wetland processes and
sustainable
use and
metabolism: from
contributions to
functioning
socio-ecological
to functions-2
development-1
J. Vymazal
E. González & T. Bravo
& C.C. Hoffman
12:00
13:30
15:00
room 2
room 3
Land Use
related
Biological
features
Restoration-1
POSTER SESSION
LUNCH
Symposium
Wetland processes
and metabolism:
from functioning
to function-3
P.L. Viaroli
Symposium
Peatlands: Ecology,
sustainable use and
contributions to
socio-ecological
development-2
E. González & T. Bravo
Workshop:
New quantitative tools
for the assessment of
anthropogenic eutrophiRestoration-2
cation in shallow water
bodies under increasing
human pressure
L. Serrano & S. Romo
16:30 Closure
Plenary lecture (EU-D.G. Environment representative)
Publications
Conference summary
Next Meetings
18:00 farewell
11
sCHeduLe AT A GLAnCe: AuTHors
monday 15 september
Hour
Auditorium
08:30
maltby, e.
(plenary lecture)
room 1
09:30
Mander et al.
Arheimer & Pers
Pokorný et al.
Kronvang et al.
Boz et al.
Darwiche et al.
Dolinar & Gaberščik
Reuter et al.
Čížková et al.
Ágoston et al.
Van Onsem & Triest
Kuczyńska-Kippen et al.
Berger
Germ et al.
Mudarra & Andreo
Leemhuis et al.
Martí-Cardona
Solé-Senán et al.
Panel discussion
(plenary)
13:30
15:00 Armengol et al.
Ruocco et al.
Vaikre et al.
Ilg et al.
Péntek et al.
Waterkeyn et al.
17:00
17:30 Magalhäes et al.
Kloskowsk & Nieoczym
Palhas et al.
18:30
12
room 3
BREAK
10:00 Zelnik et al.
Franch-Gras et al.
Stewart & Zulsdorff
Belo et al.
Camacho et al.
Oertli et al.
12:00
room 2
LUNCH
Sánchez-Pérez et al.
Špoljar et al.
Antigüedad et al.
García-Roger et al.
Comín et al.
Wiśniewska et al.
Español et al.
Čiampor et al.
Yao et al.
Horváth et al.
Sun et al.
Roulet et al.
BREAK
Bernard et al.
Gallardo et al.
Bernard et al.
Prenda et al.
Chamsi et al.
Vehkaoja & Thompson
POSTER SESSION
Jeffries
Greaves et al.
Vad et al.
Lefebvre et al.
da Silva et al.
Květ & Pokorný
Manton et al.
Ciocanea et al.
Masuda
Tuesday 16 september
Hour
fieLd TriPs
satellite session in sariñena-eu Life Projects
08:30
Departure from
Congress Palace
Departure from Huesca to Sariñena
09:30
10:00
13:30
20.00
Salillas
Trokanova
Del Río et al.
Martín et al.
Giralda
Simčič
Rodríguez et al.
Welcome
Life for wetlands
La Mancha wetlands
Albufera
European mink
Wetman
Los Tollos
Back in Huesca
Conference Dinner
13
Wednesday 17 september
Hour
Auditorium
08:30
Van Halsema, G.
(plenary lecture)
09:30
10:00 Luna et al.
Kalettka et al.
López-Vicente et al.
Grima et al.
Rodríguez & Olarieta
Rosset et al.
12:00
room 1
BREAK
Carranza et al.
Serrano et al.
Brito et al.
Hamerlik et al.
Bodoque et al.
Reduciendo et al.
Sauvage et al.
Pätzig & Kalettka
Sánchez Pérez et al.
Campo-Bescós et al.
Bensaci et al.
Felipe & Comín
Seják & Pokorný
Guerrero et al.
Poddar
Jiménez & Huertas
Fernández-Rodríguez et al.
LUNCH
15:00 Gascón et al.
Caria et al.
Bagella et al.
Briffa et al.
Sammut & Lanfranco
Quintana et al.
17:00
17:30 Van den Broeck et al.
Díaz-Paniagua et al.
Olmo et al.
Ortells et al.
14
room 3
Panel discussion
(plenary)
13:30
18:30
19:00
room 2
Masip et al.
Tournebize et al.
Schachtschneider et al.
Pappalardo & Borin
Pinardi et al.
Kasak,K et al.
Chen, Y. et al.
Edwards et al.
Gilbert et al.
BREAK
Lopes Lázaro et al.
Zhao et al.
Joniak & Kuczynska
POSTER
european Pond
Conservation network
meeting
Triadó et al.
Matúšová et al.
Benito et al.
Goodyer et al.
Dinka et al.
Estupiñán et al.
SESSION
Sánchez & Iglesias
Taylor et al.
Bolpagni et al.
Dušek &Stellner
Ward et al.
Calvo-Cubero et al.
Workshop:
Wetlands as new stages of modern ecotourism
Tanskanen, Laurén &
Thursday 18 september
Hour
Auditorium
08:30 society of Wetland
scientists-europe
meeting
09:30
10:00 Stephansen et al.
Longhi et al.
Vymazal & Březinová
Oliver et al.
Litaor, M. I.
Hoffmann & Kjaergaard
12:00
13:30
15:00 Negrin et al.
Bomfim et al.
Catelotti et al.
room 1
room 2
BREAK
Bravo et al.
Bart
González et al.
Novikmec et al.
López-Días et al.
Remm et al.
Urbanczyk et al.
Casamayor et al.
Bart & Davenport
Minelgaite et al.
Tolvanen
room 3
Koren & Simčič
Menichino et al.
Teutli et al.
Yamashita & McInnes
Peralta et al.
Miguel et al.
POSTER SESSION
LUNCH
León et al.
Giannini et al.
Zak et al.
Herrera et al.
Workshop:
New quantitative tools Motamedi et al.
for the assessment of Rodríguez et al.
anthropogenic eutrophication in shallow water
bodies under increasing
human pressure.
Serrano & Romo
17:30 Closure session
Plenary lecture by Vallejo-Pedregal (eu d.G. environment-unit enV B.3 – nature)
Guest editors of special issues of journals offered for publication
(mander & Tournebize, Viaroli & Bartoli, Boix)
Conference summary (Comín-Wetlands2014 Chairperson)
Perspectives (Verhoeven-President sWs-europe)
18:30 farewell
15
dAy By dAy ProGrAm
sundAy 14 sePTemBer 2014
17:00-19:00 registration (posters will be able to be put at this time)
19:00-21:00 inauguration
mondAy 15 sePTemBer 2014
AudiTorium
08.30 maltby e. Wetlands in the 21st century: From research to practical actions to maintain
and restore wetland ecosystem services.
09:30 Break
Auditorium. session: Ponds 1. Chair: Laura Serrano
10:00 Zelnik, igor; Alenka Gaberščik; mihael J. Toman. Macrophyte and macroinvertebrate
assemblages in Karstic ponds and their relations to environmental factors.
10:20 franch-Gras, Lluis; eduardo m. García-roger; manuel serra; eva Tarazona; maría José
Carmona. Variation in the propensity for sexual reproduction among facultatively sexual rotifer populations inhabiting ponds with different degree of environmental unpredictability
10:40 stewart, rebecca & Zulsdorff, Valentina. Linking ponds to pollination in an agricultural
ecosystem
11:00 Belo, Anabela; Ana Lumbreras Corujo; Carla Pinto-Cruz. Soil seed bank evaluation: a
tool for temporary pond recovery
11:20 Camacho, Antonio; nayeli murueta; elena Blasco; stefano Colelli; Anna C. santamans;
Antonio Picazo. Functional ecology of Laguna de Talayuelas, a model Mediterranean
temporary pond
11:40 oertli, Beat; demierre eliane; ilg Christiane. Promoting biodiversity in urban ponds:
identification of the major determinants of species richness and implications for pond
management
12:00 AudiTorium
Panel discussion: Linking the wise use of wetlands with the challenges for sustainable development
moderator: Robert Mc Innes, Ramsar representative
Panelists: Edward Maltby (University of Liverpool); Brigitte Poulin (Station Biologique Tour du
Valat); Anne Tolvanen (Finnish Forest Research Institute and University of Oulu).
13:30 Lunch
Auditorium. session: Ponds 2. Chair: Beat Oertli
16
15:00 Armengol, Xavier; maría rodrigo; Luis Valls; Andreu Castillo-escrivà; silvia díez; Carlos
rochera; José A. Gil-delgado; rafael u. Gosálvez; Ángel Velasco; máximo florín; Antonio Camacho; francesc mesquita-Joanes. Hatching patterns of microinvertebrates
in temporary ponds from Campo de Calatrava (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)
15:20 ruocco, matteo; Luigi sala; roberto simonini; daniela Prevedelli; ivano Ansaloni.
Macroinvertebrates colonization and evolution in the WWF protected area “La
Francesa” (Pianura Padana, Italy): a new man-made pond
15:40 Vaikre, maarja; Liina remm; riinu rannap. Macroinvertebrate diversity and community structure in woodland pools and ditches and their response to artificial drainage
16:00 ilg, Christiane; demierre, eliane; diz salgado, Carmen; oertli, Beat. Assessing the role
of amphibians as surrogates for pond biodiversity
16:20 Péntek, Attila L.; Csaba f. Vad; Katalin Zsuga; Zsófia Horváth. Does pond size matter?
Breeding site use of amphibian communities in a mixed landscape of Central Europe
16:40 Waterkeyn, Aline; Patrick Grillas; Brendonck Luc. The role of tadpole shrimp as community structuring agents in temporary ponds
17:00 Break
Auditorium. session: Ponds 3. Chair: Susana Romo
17:30 magalhães, sónia; José Teixeira; Pedro segurado. Study of patterns of movement in
Emys orbicularis and connectivity between ponds inside the PAVT
17:50 Kloskowski, Janusz; marek nieoczym. How to enhance animal diversity of ponds used
for carp culture
18:10 Palhas, Jael; Armando Alves; eunice sousa; José Teixeira. Pond with life-an
environmental education campaign for pond conservation and pedagogical exploration
in Portugal
room 1
symposium: The role of wetlands and buffer zones as green infrastructure elements of agricultural landscapes in watershed management-1
Chairs: Ülo Mander and Julien Tournebize
10:00 mander, Ülo; Julien Tournebize; Bernard Vincent. Green infrastructure, a key of future
watershed management
10:20 Arheimer, Berit; Charlotta B. Pers. Lessons learned? Simulated nutrient reduction by
wetlands constructed 1996-2006 in Sweden
10:40 Pokorný, Jan; Petra Hesslerová; Hanna Huryna; Vladimír Jirka. Role of wetlands in
water cycling and local climate formation in agricultural landscapes
11:00 Kronvang, Brian; flemming Gertz; Annette Baattrup-Pedersen; Gitte rubæk; Goswin
Heckrath; Henning Jensen; sara egemose; Carl Christian Hoffmann; Tommy dalgaard;
søren B. olsen; Henrik B. møller; irene Wiborg; marc stutter. Experiences gained from
2 years with mandatory 10 m buffer strips along all Danish watercourses: do we know
enough to evaluate their ecosystem services?
11:20 Boz, Bruno; Paolo Bazzoffi; silvia Carnevale; Bruna Gumiero. Efficiency of buffer zones
recently inserted as CAP initiative in Italy
11:40 darwiche-Criado, n.; f.A. Comín; A. masip; m. García; s. Gutiérrez; r. sorando. In
shore and offshore restored wetlands as buffers zones for the improvement of water
quality of the water exceeding irrigation in an agricultural territory
13:30 Lunch
17
symposium: self-purification capacity in riparian wetlands: the european Project interreg
sudoe Attenagua-1
Chairs: José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez and Sabine Sauvage
15:00 sánchez-Pérez, J.m.; sauvage, s; Teissier, s.; Bernard-Jannin, L.; sun, X.; yao, J.m ;
Gerino m.; Amiche, C.; Chamsi, o.; Pinelli, e.; Jean, s.; Charcosset, J.y.; Barret, m.; Attard, e.; Lauga B.; duran, r.; Antiguedad, i.; Zabaleta, A.; martinez-santos, m.; ruiz,
e.; Comin, f.; Carranza, f.; español, C.; navarro, e.; Bodoque, J.m.; Ladera, J.; yela,
J.L.; Alonso, J.; Brito,d.; neves, r. Self-purification capacity in Riparian wetlands
15:20 Antigüedad, iñaki; Ane Zabaleta; miren martinez-santos; estilita ruiz; Jesus uriarte;
Tomas morales ; francisco Comin; fabian Carranza; Cecilia español; José maria
Bodoque; Julian Ladera; Léonard Bernard-Jannin; Xiaoling sun; samuel Teissier;
sabine sauvage ; José-miguel sanchez-Perez. The alluvial system as a framework for
physical-biogeochemical interactions
15:40 Comín, f.A.; sauvage, s.; Antiguedad, i.; Bodoque J.m.; neves r. ; Brito, d.; sánchezPérez J.m.; Zabaleta, A.; ruiz, e.; Gerino m.; yao, J.m.; Carranza, f.; español, C.;
navarro, e.; Ladera, J.; yela, J.L.; Teissier, s. A conceptual model to characterize biophysical and biogeochemical indicators in river water-groundwater interfaces for natural depollution of water pollution
16:00 español, C.; yao J.m; Gerino, m.; Comin, f.A.; sánchez-Pérez J.m.; José Luis yela; Ane
Zabaleta; Julian Ladera; fabián Carranza. Invertebrate communities of alluvial groundwaters in relation with water flow dynamics
16:20 yao, J.m; ramburn H; sánchez-Pérez J.m.; sauvage s.; Teissier s.; Attard e.; Lauga B.;
durant r.; Gerino m. The role of invertebrate biodiversity in ecosystem purification
service of alluvial wetlands
16:40 sun, Xiaoling; Léonard Bernard-Jannin; Cyril Garneau; nancy B sammons; Jeff G
Arnold; raghavan srinivasan; sabine sauvage; José-miguel sanchez-Perez. Quantifying the role of the denitrification process in the alluvial aquifer using SWAT model: the
case of the Garonne River flooplain (France)
17:00 Break
sudoe Attenagua-2
17:30 Bernard-Jannin, Léonard; david Brito; ramiro neves; sabine sauvage; José-miguel
sánchez-Pérez. A modelling tool to simulate water exchanges in floodplain area, application to the Garonne River (SW France)
17:50 Bernard-Jannin, Léonard; sun, X.; sauvage, s.; Teissier, s.; sánchez-Pérez, J.m. Water
exchanges, carbon supply and nitrogen dynamic in the shallow groundwater of a riparian wetland zone application to the Garonne River (SW France)
18:10 Chamsi, ousama; navarro enrique; sanchez-Pérez José-miguel ; sauvage sabine;
Comin francisco ; Antiguedad iñaki ; Bodoque José-maria ; Pinelli eric. Microalgae as
a bio-indicator of the effects of pollutants in groundwaters in riverine wetlands areas
18
room 2
session: Biological features 1. Chair: David Bart
10:00 dolinar, nataša; Alenka Gaberščik. Primary productivity, decomposition and fungal
colonisation in Phragmites australis
10:20 reuter, Hendrik; Jörg Gelbrecht; dominik Zak. Differences in the anaerobic decomposition of Phragmites australis plant tissue in rewetted and near pristine fens as determined by FTIR-Spectroscopy
10:40 Čížková, Hana; Jiří dušek; Jan Květ . Progress in the assessment of primary production
by wetland herbaceous plants: a review
11:00 Ágoston-szabó, edit; Károly schöll; Anita Kiss; mária dinka. Leaf litter decomposition
in a side arm of River Danube at Gemenc floodplain (Danube-Dráva National Park, Hungary)
11:20 Van onsem, stijn; Ludwig Triest. Macrophyte reproductive fitness and strategy as a
response to high Lemna cover
11:40 Kuczyńska-Kippen, natalia; Tomasz Joniak; Barbara nagengast. Do biometric features
of a macrophyte habitat reflect zooplankton diversity in various trophic types of small
water bodies
13:30 Lunch
session: Biological features 2. Chair: Ladislav Hammelik
15:00 Špoljar, maria; Tvrtko dražina; Jelena fressl; Jasna Lajtner; Tea Tomljanović; daniel
matulić; dora matijašec; ivana Zrinščak; Biserka Primc. . Influence of submerged
macrophytes on metazooplankton community-an in situ mesocosm experiment in the
eutrophic lake
15:20 García-roger, eduardo m.; Carlos martínez; manuel serra; maría José Carmona. Bet
hedging for variability in diapause duration in a monogonont rotifer: first-produced
resting eggs have increased probability of longer diapause
15:40 Wiśniewska, malgorzata; natalia Kuczyńka-Kippen; eugeniusz Pronin. Environmental
factors controlling the autumnal similarity of rotifers (Rotifera) in small water bodies.
16:00 Čiampor, fedor Jr; Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová; darina Šípošová; Katarína Goffová. Genetic structure of the insect populations in the Tatra Mts. alpine ponds and
lakes
16:20 Horváth, Zsófia; Csaba f. Vad; Pál Boda; Arnold móra; Adrienn Tóth; robert Ptacnik.
Hitchhikers, paragliders and active flyers–the role of dispersal mode in small and large
scale spatial patterns of aquatic invertebrates
16:40 roulet, Albertine; Christiane ilg; Beat oertli. Dispersal and colonization of new ponds
by freshwater macroinvertebrates: the case of water beetles in alpine landscapes
17:00 Break
session: Biological features 3. Chair: Mia Vehkaoja
17:30 Gallardo, Belinda; miguel Clavero; marta sánchez; montserrat Vilà. Tell me what you
eat and I’ll tell you what you impact: invasive species’ diet trigger trophic cascades in
aquatic ecosystems
19
17:50 Prenda, José; Adrián ramos-merchante; isabel redondo; silvia rubio. Aquatic vertebrates and macrofauna habitat relationships in coastal wetlands from Andalucía
(Spain)
18:10 Vehkaoja; mia; stella Thompson. Beaver-created wetlands
room 3
session: management-1. Chair: Yosuke Masuda
10:00 Berger, daniela. Long-term monitoring of wetlands north of the Garzweiler opencast
brown coal mine in western Germany
10:20 Germ, mateja; urša remic; Vekoslava stibilj. Veronica anagallis-aquatica as a bioindicator for selenium in watercourses
10:40 mudarra-martínez, matías; Bartolomé Andreo-navarro; Luis Linares Girela; francisco
Carrasco Cantos. Monitoring network and preliminary results to investigate Andalusian
wetlands associated with evaporitic karst aquifers
11:00 Leemhuis, Constanze; Álvarez, miguel; Amler esther; Behn Kai; Beuel sonja; Keissler
Kornelia; Kotze donovan; Kreye Christine; Kyallo daniel; Wagner Katrin; Ziegler susanne. A rapid tile approach for wetland degradation assessment in East Africa
11:20 martí-Cardona, Belén; Josep dolz ripollés; Carlos López-martínez. Bio-physical data
retrieval in the Doñana wetland from SAR satellite imagery
11:40 solé-senan, X.o; Juárez-escario; A; Pedrol, J; del Arco, C; Conesa, J.A. A functional
plant diversity approach of the halophytic communities of Monegros Desert
13:30 Lunch
session: management-2. Chair: Emma Goodyer
15:00 Jeffries, michael. Flood, drought and the plough: inter-annual variation to the number
and extent of ponds in an English lowland landscape over three years of weather extremes.
15:20 Greaves, H.; C. sayer; C.; H. Bennion; H.; J. Axmacher; J.; i. Patmore. Impacts of management on the biodiversity and chemistry of farmland ponds
15:40 Vad, Csaba f.; Attila L. Péntek; Adrienn Tóth; nastasia J. Cozma; Katalin Zsuga; Bence
Tóth; robert Ptacnik; nóra A. Böde8; Arnold Móra3; Zsófia Horváth7. Wartime scars or
biodiversity hot-spots? The role of saline bomb crater ponds in aquatic conservation
16:00 Lefebvre, Gaëtan; Christophe Germain; Brigitte Poulin. Development of a web interactive tool to promote sustainable water management and use of Mediterranean
marshes under climate variability
16:20 da silva, Carolina Joana; Keid nolan silva sousa; solange ikeda; Célia regina Araújo
soares Lopes; Josué ribeiro da silva nunes; maria Antonia Carniello; Paulo roberto
mariotti; Wilkinson Lopes; Alessandra morini; Bruno Wagner Zago; Cristiane Lima
façanha; ruth Albernaz; elaine Loureiro; iris Gomes; robson flores de oliveira;
Weslei Jonatar; Joari Costa de Arruda; nilo Leal sander; djair sergio de freitas Junior;
Valcir rogério Pinto; Aldeniza Cardoso de Lima; robert H.G. Jongman. Biodiversity
change and conservation in the wetlands of the Pantanal Upper Paraguay-Amazonia
Ecotone, Mato Grosso (Brazil).
16:40 Květ, Jan; Jan Pokorný. Fishponds in the Czech Republic–Management Issues
17:00 Break
20
session: management-3. Chair: Brigitte Poulin
17:30 manton, michael; Per Angelstam; Per milberg. Governance and management for ecological sustainability? - avian predation on waders
17:50 Ciocanea, Cristiana maria; Carmen sorescu; Tania Chincea; steluta manolache.
Danube’s Iron Gates wetlands: threats and conservation measures
18:10 masuda, yosuke. Development of a theory for biodiversity offset policy based on the
US experience of wetland mitigation policy
HALL
18:30 Poster HallPoster session
TuesdAy 16 sePTemBer 2014
mid ConferenCe fieLd TriPs
08:00
A
B
C
Departure from Huesca Congress Palace
Restoration of freshwater wetlands & saline ponds
River Ebro floodplain & wetland restoration
Ox-bow and gravel pit lakes in the Gállego and Ebro Rivers (Zaragoza) & Wetland
restoration to remove nitrates exceeding agricultural irrigation
19:00 Back in Huesca
20:30 ConferenCe dinner (Huesca Congress Palace)
sATeLLiTe session in sAriÑenA-eu Life ProJeCTs
08:00 Departure from Huesca Congress Palace
09:00 salillas, i. Welcome: An Introduction to Monegros
Trokanova, Lucie. LIFE for Wetlands-examples and best practices
del río, Amanda; eduardo de miguel; Angeles Pontes; Carlos Pérez; ernesto Aguirreruiz; Carlos Zumalacarregui; Blanca Hurtado. LIFE project “La Mancha Wetlands”:
restoration of salt flats around 27 endorheic wetland areas in La Mancha
martín, miguel; William Colom; mario Giménez; Antonio Guillem; fernando Juan;
mª del Carmen regidor. Integrated management of three constructed wetlands in
compliance with the water framework, birds and habitats Directives: the LIFE+12 ALBUFERA project
Giralda Carrera, Gloria. Wetlands restoration and creation for European mink: Ten
years of work in Navarre (Spain)
simčič, matej. Conservation and management of freshwater wetlands in Slovenia-WETMAN
11:00 Break
rodríguez rodríguez, miguel; francisco moral martos; mario Parra Cachada.Hydrological monitoring of “Los Tollos” playa-lake (Andalusia, Spain) in the context of its
restoration (Life+ “Los Tollos”)
morató, Jordi; Lorena Aguilar; Ángel Gallegos; Carlos Arias; Patricia Caro; santiago
sahuquillo; Carlos Pérez. Reagritech LIFE11 ENV/ES/579. Constructed wetlands for diffuse pollution control of agricultural runoff
21
14:00
16:00
19:00
20:30
Teixeira, José; Vicente sancho; Bruno martins; fábia Azevedo; Ana Cruz; ignacio Lacomba. Is it possible to eradicate invasive freshwater turtles from de European wetlands? Results and prospects from LIFE Trachemys project
Pinto-Cruz, Carla; Ana Lumbreras Corujo; Anabela Belo; rita Alcazar LIFE Charcos:
Temporary Ponds Conservation in the Southwest Coast of Portugal.
masip, Adriá; francisco A. Comín; Victor Guirado; Javier rodriguez; Alfonso Calvo;
francisca Gallego; ricardo sorando; Gema Cacho; Ana Loriente; nadia darwiche; mercedes García; silvia Gutiérrez; Alberto Barcos. EU Life CREAMAgua: Restoring wetlands
for water quality and biodiversity improvements in irrigated agricultural territories
Bankovics, András. Restoration of Pannonic sodic wetlands in Hungary
Lunch
field trip: visit to restored freshwater wetlands to remove nitrates from water exceeding agricultural irrigation and to improve biodiversity
Back in Huesca
ConferenCe dinner (Huesca Congress Palace)
WednesdAy 17 sePTemBer 2014
AudiTorium
08:30 Plenary Lecture
Van Halsema, G. Integrating Wetlands Management and Conservation into the socioecological development
9:30 Break
AudiTorium
session: Geo-eco-Hydrology. Chair: Carmen Castañeda
10:00 Luna, estela; Carmen Castañeda; rafael rodríguez. Soils diversity along a toposequence within intermittently flooded habitats in Gallocanta Lake, Spain
10:20 Kalettka, Thomas; marielle neyen; uwe-Karsten schkade; Andreas Kleeberg. Sediment accumulation in glacially created kettle holes on arable land, Uckermark, NE
Germany
10:40 López-Vicente, manuel; Cristina Pérez-Bielsa; Teresa López-montero; Luis Javier Lambán; Ana navas. Runoff production and water content in soils of the Estaña Lakes
Catchment (Huesca, NE Spain)
11:00 Grima, J.; Bruno José Ballesteros; José manuel murillo; Juan José durán. Groundwater
and its relationship to wetlands at Jucar Pilot River Basin
11:20 rodríguez-ochoa, rafael; José ramón olarieta. Soils in endorheic depressions in northern Monegros, Spain
11:40 rosset, Véronique; Albert ruhí; Thibault datry. How ponds differ-or not-from streams
in their biotic responses to drying?
12:00 Panel discussion: integrating wetlands into the social-economic landscape: from theory to practice
moderator: Jos Verhoeven, Utrecht Univesity, SWS-Europe President
22
Panelists: Tania Runge (COPA-COGECA, Brussels); Noelia Vallejo Pedregal (European Commission D.G. Environment Unit ENV B.3-Nature); Jan Kvet (Institute of Landscape Ecology, Trebon,
Czech Republic).
13:30 Lunch
AudiTorium
symposium: Biodiversity, ecology and management of mediterranean ponds-1
Chairs: Susana Romo and Laura Serrano
15:00 Gascón, stéphanie; dani Boix; Ana inés Borthagaray; Jordi sala; matias Arim; núria
Àvila; susana romo; rocío López-flores; Xavier d. Quintana. The use of lipids as an
energy storage strategy for taxa inhabiting climatic-contrasted habitats: M e d i t e r ranean vs. high mountain temporary ponds
15:20 Caria, maría Carmela; simonetta Bagella; Alessandro niedda; salvatore Virdis . Longterm monitoring of Mediterranean temporary pond dynamics through remote sensing:
a case study in western Mediterranean
15:40 Bagella, simonetta; Caria maria Carmela; rossella filigheddu; Pier Luigi nimis. An interactive guide to the vascular plants of Mediterranean temporary ponds in Sardinia
(Italy)
16:00 Briffa, Kelly; sheryl sammut; sandro Lanfranco. Morphometric heterogeneity of temporary pools in Malta and its effect on species and life-form richness: implications for
management and restoration
16:20 sammut, sheryl; sandro Lanfranco. ‘Proximity’ and its effect on community assembly
in temporary freshwater pools in Malta
16:40 Quintana, Xavier d.; matías Arim; Anna Badosa; José maría Blanco; dani Boix; sandra
Brucet; Jordi Compte; Juan J. egozcue; elvira de eyto; ursula Gaedke; stéphanie
Gascón; Luis Gil de solá; Kenneth irvine; erik Jeppesen; Torben L. Lauridsen; rocío
López-flores; Thomas mehner; susana romo; martin søndergaard. Trophic interaction effects on size distributions in aquatic communities
17:00 Break
AudiTorium
symposium: Biodiversity, ecology and management of mediterranean ponds-2
Chairs: Susana Romo and Laura Serrano
17:30 Van den Broeck, maarten; Laila rhazi; Patrick Grillas; mohammed el madihi; mouhssine rhazi; Luc Brendonck; Aline Waterkeyn. Faunal and floral community patterns in
Moroccan temporary ponds along climatic and anthropogenic disturbance gradients
17:45 díaz-Paniagua, Carmen; david Aragonés; Javier Bustamante. Threats of desiccation
of permanent and temporary ponds in Doñana National Park (SW Spain)
18:00 olmo, Carla; deborah fandos; Xavier Armengol; raquel ortells. Ecological requirements of Tanymastix stagnalis (L., 1758) (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in a comparative
framework: the case of Malladas de El Saler (Valencia, Spain)
18:15 ortells, raquel; manuel serra; maria José Carmona. Should I stay or should I go?
Hatching decisions under high population densities
19:00 european Pond conservation network meeting
23
room 1
sudeo Attenagua-3
10:00 Carranza f.; sánchez-Pérez J.m.; sauvage s.; Comin, f.; Antiguedad, i.; Zabaleta A.;
Teissier s.; navarro e.; español C. Relationship between bacterial community diversity,
carbon supply and denitrification processes in riparian areas
10:20 Brito, d.; Bernard-Jannin, L; sauvage, s.; Zabaleta, A.; Comin, f.; Bodoque J.m.; neves
r.; sánchez-Pérez J.m. Modeling the hydro-biogeochemistry functioning in alluvial wetlands
10:40 Bodoque, J.m.; Ladera, J.; Alonso-Azcárate, J.; yela, J.L.; sánchez-Pérez, J.m. Self-purification capacity in a highly man-modified wetland
11:00 sauvage, s. Discussion on Self-purification capacity in Riparian wetlands
11:20 sánchez-Pérez, J.m. Synthesis and perspectives on Self-purification capacity in Riparian
wetlands: the European Project Interreg Sudoe Attenagua
13:30 Lunch
symposium: The role of wetlands and buffer zones as green infrastructure elements of agricultural landscapes in watershed management-2
Chairs: Ülo Mander and Julien Tournebize
15:00 masip A.; Gonzalez e.; Castellano C.; Jaime r.; Comín f.A. Improving riparian woodland restoration with case-by-case performance modeling in R language based on
groundwater distance.
15:20 Tournebize J.; Chaumont C. ; Vincent B ; mander Ü.; soosaar K.; Hansen r.; muhel m.
Removal efficiency of pesticides and nitrates in an artificial wetland treating drainage
water from an agricultural watershed
15:40 schachtschneider, K.; Jessica Chamier; Chavon Walters; Vernon somerset. Metal sequestration by indigenous vegetation in riparian zones; an ecosystem service to improve
water quality
16:00 Pappalardo, salvatore; maurizio Borin. Water purification from nitrogen as an ecosystem service from a constructed surface flow wetland treating agricultural drainage
water
16:20 Pinardi, monica; elisa soana; mariano Bresciani; Paolo Villa; marco Bartoli. Nitrogen
removal in a fluvial wetland: macrophyte-bacteria interactions and relevance at the
basin scale
16:40 Kasak, K.; Järvi Järveoja; martin maddison; mikk espenberg; Ülo mander. Greenhouse
gas emissions from tropical peatlands in French Guiana
17:00 Break
symposium: Wetlands processes and metabolism: from functioning to functions-1
Chairs: Pier Luigi Viaroli
17:30 Chen, yi; yue Wen; Qi Zhou; Jan Vymazal. Sulfur transformations in subsurface-flow
constructed wetlands treating secondary effluent.
24
17:50 edwards, Keith r.; Hana Čížková; eva Kaštovská; Jiří Barta; Tomáš Picek. Impact of
fertilization on plant and soil processes in wet grasslands
18:10 Gilbert, Peter; michael Jeffries; dave Cooke; michael deary; Geoff Abbott; scott Taylor. Capturing the aquatic breath: Examining ecological variations, diurnal fluctuations
and extrapolations of CO2 and CH4 fluxes from small aquatic systems in Druridge Bay,
England.
room 2
session: Biological related to physical features-1. Chair: Belinda Gallardo
10:00 serrano, L.; C. díaz-Paniagua; C. Gómez-rodríguez; m. florencio; m. A. marchand; J.
G. m. roelofs; e. C. H. e. T. Lucassen. Amphibian egg mortality associated to the
groundwater decline of the Doñana aquifer (SW Spain)
10:20 Hamerlík, Ladislav; milan novikmec; marek svitok; richard Hrivnák; michal Hlávek;
Judita Kochjarová; Zuzana matúšová; Jozef oboňa; Helena oťaheľová; Peter PaľoveBalang; Barbora reduciendo-Klementová; radovan stupák; marta Veselská; Andrea
Zapriháčová. Does importance of chironomids as indicators of pond diversity change
along environmental gradients?
10:40 reduciendo Klementová, Barbora; marek svitok; milan novikmec; Zuzana matúšová.
Diversity and distribution of aquatic Heteroptera in Slovakia: the importance of small
standing waters
11:00 Pätzig, marlene; Thomas Kalettka. Functional diversity of macrophytes in kettle hole
types
11:20 Campo-Bescós, miguel A.; rafael muñoz-Carpena; david A. Kaplan; Jane southworth.
Physical drivers of vegetation change in the Okavango Delta
11:40 Bensaci ettayib; nouidjem yacine; saheb menouar; Bouzegag Abdelaziz; Houhamdi
moussa. Waterbirds diversity and importance of Saharan wetlands of Algeria for their
conservation
13:30 Lunch
session: Biologial related to physical features-2. Chair: Stijn Van Onsem
15:00 Triadó-margarit, Xavier; emilio o. Casamayor. An overview on the biodiversity of planktonic protists across environmental gradients
15:20 matúšová, Zuzana; marek svitok; richard Hrivnák; Ladislav Hamerlík; michal Hlávek;
Judita Kochjarová; milan novikmec; Jozef oboňa; Helena oťaheľová; Peter PaľoveBalang; Barbora reduciendo Klementová; radovan stupák; Andrea Zapriháčová.
Weak correlation in diversity and community composition among multiple taxonomic
groups: a failure of surrogate idea in Central European ponds
15:40 Benito, Xavier; rosa Trobajo; Carles ibàñez. Modelling habitat distribution of Mediterranean coastal wetlands: the Ebro Deltas as case study
16:00 Goodyer, emma; Johan schutten; debbie spray; Kenny mcdougall. Development of
hydroecological guidelines for Scottish wetlands
16:20 dinka, mária; Károly schöll; Anita Kiss; Árpád Berczik; edit Ágoston-szabó. Spatial
and temporal changes in physical and chemical properties of an oxbow lake of the
Danube River (Nyéki-Holt-Duna, Danube-Dráva National Park, Hungary)
25
16:40 estupiñán Torres, sandra mónica; sara Lilia Ávila de navia. Water quality and bacterial
diversity in the wetland Córdoba, Colombia
17:00 Break
session: Biologial related to physical features-3. Chair: Michael Manton
17:30 Lopes Lázaro, Wilkinson; Carolina J. da silva; Áurea r.A. ignácio; sergi díez; Jean
r.d.Guimarães. Distribution of net mercury methylation potentials in a tropical wetland: lateral connectivity of water bodies as a factor of variance in the waterscape contexto
17:50 Zhao, Wenzhi; Hu Liu; shoubo Li; Bing Liu. Ecohydrology of wetlands ecosystems in a
desert oasis in arid Northwestern China
18:10 Joniak, T.; natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen. Can the biological and physical-chemical features
of water be the indicator of type of land use and origin of small water bodies?
room 3
session: socio-ecological issues. Chair: Michael Jeffries
10:00 felipe-Lucia, maría r.; francisco A. Comín. Ecosystem services-biodiversity relationships depend on land use type in floodplain agroecosystems
10:20 seják, Josef; Jan Pokorný. Deriving systemic national values for biodiversity and ecosystem services
10:40 Guerrero moreno, naret; dianne scott; Johannes Kollmann; Jan sliva. Understanding
of socio-economic and traditional values of Manguzi Wetlands (KwaZulu-Natal, South
Africa) as a pre-condition for their conservation, restoration and wise use
11:00 Poddar, Parthendu. Agronomic utilization and nutritional enrichment of wetlands
through cultivation of Aeschynomene aspera (L.)
11:20 Jiménez Castilla, T.; netty Huertas. Wetlands and their contribution to Sustainable
Human Development: Opportunities for improvement the life´s quality in rural population. Three Cases study in National Natural Parks in Colombia
11:40 fernández-rodríguez, m.J.; A. Jiménez-rodríguez; m. medialdea; n.mazuelos; L. serrano. Aquaculture in Veta la Palma (Doñana Natural Area, SW Spain): a successful
coupling of ecological and socio-economic values.
13:30 Lunch
session: Climate change. Chair: Jorge A. Herrera
15:00 sánchez, Berta; Ana iglesias. Implications of climate change for rice farming in the
Doñana wetland (SW Spain)
15:20 Taylor, scott; david Cooke; michael Jeffries; michael deary; Geoff Abbott; Peter
Gilbert. Ponds, productivity and probes: An experimental approach to carbon capture
15:40 Bolpagni, rossano; marco Bartoli; Pierluigi Viaroli. CO2 and CH4 fluxes in permanent
and temporary aquatic environments in the lowland of the Po River, Italy
16:00 dušek, Jiří; stanislav stellner. Methane emission from a sedge-grass marsh under different environmental conditions.
16:20 Ward, raymond; niall Burnside; Christopher Joyce; Kalev sepp; Phillip Teasdale. Modelling the impacts of sea level rise on coastal wetlands: a case study in micro-topographical Baltic wetlands in Estonia
26
16:40 Calvo-Cubero, Juan; Carles ibáñez; Albert rovira; Peter J. sharpe; enrique reyes.
Marsh elevation and carbon accumulation in a Mediterranean restored marsh (Ebro
Delta, Spain)
17:00 Break
Workshop: Wetlands as new stages of modern ecotourism
Chairs: Kirsi Laurén and Minna Tanskanen
17:30 Tanskanen, minna. Ecotourism on the Finnish peatlands-theoretical prospects
17:50 Laurén, Kirsi. Mires and wilderness in national parks
18:10 Tolvanen, Anne: Social sustainability of the use of peatlands-implications on traditional and modern livelihoods in northern Finland
HALL
18:30 Poster Hall. Poster session
THursdAy 18 sePTemBer 2014
AudiTorium
08:30 society of Wetland scientists-europe meeting
09:30 Break
Auditorium: symposium: Wetland processes and metabolism: from functioning to
functions-2
Chairs: Jan Vymazal & Carl Christian Hoffmann
10:00 stephansen, diana Agnete; Asbjørn Haaning nielsen; Thorkild Hvitved-Jacobsen; Carlos Alberto Arias; Hans Brix; Jes Vollertsen. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates of stormwater detention ponds
10:20 Longhi, daniele; marco Bartoli; daniele nizzoli; Pierluigi Viaroli. Oxic-anoxic transitions constrain benthic metabolism in freshwater wetland in the Po river floodplain
10:40 Vymazal, Jan; Tereza B_ezinová. Seasonal dynamics of heavy metals in Phragmites
australis growing in a constructed wetland
11:00 oliver, núria; miguel martín; sara Gargallo; Carmen Hernández-Crespo. Influence of
operational parameters on nutrients removal in surface-flow constructed wetlands
treating eutrophicated water. Experience in L’Albufera de Valencia Lake
11:20 Litaor, m. iggy. The impact of ornithogenic inputs on P hydro-geochemistry in altered
wetland environs in East Mediterranean Ecosystem
11:40 Hoffmann, Carl Christian; Charlotte Kjaergaard. Testing of horizontal and vertical cw’s
with mixed matrices of woodchips and mussel shells for removal of nutrients in agricultural drainage water
13:30 Lunch
27
AudiTorium
symposium: Wetland processes and metabolism: from functioning to function-3
Chairs: Pier Luigi Viaroli
15:00 negrin, Vanesa L.; sandra e. Botté; Paula d. Pratolongo; Gabriela González Trilla. Biogeochemical cycles in salt marshes from the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina): an
overview
15:20 Bomfim, eudes; marie-Paule Bonnet; Anne-elisabeth Lagues; daniel Araújo; Jérémie
Garnier; Leonardo Gomes; Ludgero Vieira; ricardo Paiva; stéphanie nasuti; Geraldo
Boaventura. Biogeochemistry and Lago Grande Curuaí’s aquatic sustainability in the
Amazon Basin, Brazil
15:40 Catelotti, Katharine; Bino, G; Kingsford, r.T.; Bacon, P. Inundation requirements for
persistence and recovery of river red gums (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), a keystone
species in a Ramsar listed Wetland in semi-arid Australia
16:30 Closure session
Plenary lecture by Vallejo-Pedregal (EU D.G.Enviroment-Unit ENV B.3-Nature)
Guest Editors of Special Issues of Journals offered for publication (Mander &
Tournebize, Viaroli & Bartoli, Boix)
Conference Summary (Comín-Wetlands2014 Chairperson)
Prespectives (Verhoeven-Presidente SWS-Europe)
18:00 farewell
room 1
symposium: Peatlands: ecology, sustainable use and contributions to socio-ecological development-1
Chairs: Tania G. Bravo and Eduardo González
10:00 Bravo, Tania A.; maria strack; Line rochefort. Forest plantation on cutover peatland
in Alberta: Evaluating methods and carbon stocks
10:20 González, eduardo; Line rochefort; stephanie Boudreau; monique Poulin. Using Linear Discriminant Analysis to predict restoration success in peatlands
10:40 López-días, Veneranda; Ángeles G. Borrego; Carlos G. Blanco; Achim Bechtel; Wilhelm Püttmann. Significance of the widespread occurrence of triterpenoid acetates in
North Spain bogs from Asturias
11:00 urbanczyk, Justyna; Veneranda López-días; Angeles G. Borrego. Chemical biomarker
assemblage in the 15000 cal. yr BP Comeya peat profile of Picos de Europa National
Park, North Spain
11:20 Bart, d.; Tara davenport. Impacts of agricultural legacies on calcareous fen communities: how the past informs the future
11:40 Tolvanen, Anne. Towards sustainable use of boreal peatlands
13:30 Lunch
28
symposium: Peatlands: ecology, sustainable use and contributions to socio-ecological development-2
Chairs: Tania G. Bravo and Eduardo González
15:00 León, Carolina A; Gisela oliván; maría Puelles; José maría Gabriel y Galán. Mitigation
bank and payments for ecosystem services, a tool for conservation of Patagonian peatlands
15:20 Giannini, Vittoria; nicola silvestri; Tiziana sabbatini; Chiara Pistocchi; enrico Bonari.
Growth and nutrients uptake of perennial crops and spontaneous vegetation in a
Mediterranean drained peatland: preliminary results.
15:40 Zak, dominic; rudy van diggelen; Jörg Gelbrecht; Alvaro Cabezas; rob mcinnes. Managing phosphorus fluxes from rewetted peatlands
room 2
session: Land use related biological features. Chair: Hana Čižková
10:00 Bart, david. Can incorporating agricultural practices into wetland restoration result in
win-win situations?
10:20 novikmec, milan; marek svitok; dušan Kočický; Ladislav Hamerlík; richard Hrivnák;
Judita Kochjarová; Helena oťaheľová; Peter Paľove-Balang. Chemistry of water and
soil in Central European ponds: relationship with land use and morphology
10:40 remm, Liina; Asko Lõhmus; riinu rannap. Temporal and small water bodies in modern
forests: a landscape-scale assessment in Estonia
11:00 Casamayor, emilio o; Xavier Triadó-margarit; Carmen Castañeda; Juan Herrero. The
microbial value of shallow saline lakes
11:20 minelgaite, Greta; Asbjørn Haaning nielsen; morten Lauge Pedersen; diana Agnete
stephansen; Jes Vollertsen. Phytoplankton and benthic diatom diversity in urban
stormwater ponds compared to natural shallow lakes
13:30 Lunch
15:00 Workshop: new quantitative tools for the assessment of anthropogenic eutrophication in shallow water bodies under increasing human
Chairs: Laura Serrano and Susana Romo
room 3
session: restoration-1 . Chair: Mc Innes
10:00 Koren, Aleksander; matej simčič. Modern challenges in wetlands management in the
case of ponds and oxbow lakes restoration in Slovenia
10:20 menichino, nina; Laurence Jones; Christopher evans; Peter Jones; Janine Guest; Andrew Pullin; nathalie fenner. Botanical response to restoration in degraded rich fens
10:40 Teutli-Hernández, C.; Comin, f.A.; menendez, m.; Herrera-silveira, J.A. Mangrove’s
restoration: ecological and economic perspectives
11:00 yamashita, H.; mcinnes, r.J. Social perception of the risks and benefits of tidal wetland
restoration: A case study from the UK
11:20 Peralta, Javier; Patxi Heras; marta infante; Asun Berastegi. Results of a mire monitoring (2008-2013) in Navarre (NE Spain) after fencing to control livestock and ditch
damming to re-install hydrological balance
29
11:40 miguel-Chinchilla, Leticia; dani Boix; stéphanie Gascón; eduardo González; francisco
A. Comín. Mining impacts on manmade ponds located in reclaimed opencast coal
mines
13:30 Lunch
session: restoration-2. Chair: María Felipe
15:00 Herrera-silveira, Jorge; Teutli-Hernández Claudia; Caamal-sosa Juan; Zaldívar Jiménez
Arturo; Pech daniel; Andueza Tersa; Pérez-Ceballos rosela; Adame Vivanco ma. fernanda; Hernández Héctor; Torres ricardo. Carbon stocks and flows in mangroves of
the Yucatan Peninsula, research and monitoring
15:20 motamedi, shervin; roslan Hashim; song Ki-iL. Mangrove plantation and breakwater
systems for shoreline protection: Long-term assessment of the mangrove rehabilitation
project at Sungai Haji Dorani, Malaysia
15:40 rodríguez, mauricio; Tania Jiménez Castilla; netty Huertas. Economic and ecological
evaluation of Cartagena´s urban mangroves forest and proposals for sustainable
human development
HALL
12:00 Poster session
30
ACComPAnyinG Persons ProGrAm
sundAy 14 sePTemBer 2014
17:00
19:00
19:30
20:00
Registration
Meeting Accompanying persons (Registration desk)
Inauguration (Auditorium)
Snack evening meal (Spanish tapas & wines)
mondAy 15 sePTemBer 2014
09:00 Visit to Loarre Castle (Set of The Kingdom of Heaven by Ridley Scott, 2005)
18:00 Guided visit to Huesca City
TuesdAy 16 sePTemBer 2014
Mid-Conference field trip
WednesdAy 17 sePTemBer 2014
09:00 Visit to Jaca City
THursdAy 18 sePTemBer 2014
Free time in Huesca City
31
mid ConferenCe fieLd TriPs
Mid Conference field trips will take place on Tuesday 16 September 2014.
A- Mid-Conference Field trip A: Restoration of freshwater
wetlands & saline ponds
Topics of interest and sites to visit: Restored and constructed wetlands, Monegros playalakes and saline depressions, Lake Sariñena.
route: Huesca-Monegros (Sariñena-Bujaraloz-Sariñena)-Huesca
interest
The route starts from the Conference Venue in Palacio de Congresos (Huesca) in SE direction
towards the agricultural county of Monegros (2765 Km2, population density 7.4 inh./km2).
The north part of the county has been intensively transformed into irrigation, being an area
highly productive of corn, wheat, barley, rice, and vegetables. In contrast, wetlands were degraded, including floodplains of the River Flumen. Natural wetlands were restored and also
some wetlands were constructed and monitored (Life Programme CREAMAGUA,
http://www.creamagua.com) for improving the quality of the return flows from irrigation
and hence, biodiversity. Lake Sariñena, originally an endorheic salt lake, was transformed a
few decades ago to a freshwater pond of 2 km2 (lake shoreline 8 km and maximum water
depth is 5-10 m) by fresh and polluted water flows from agricultural surplus. The water level
of the lake is controlled by a drain.
In the south part of Monegros County, one of the most arid regions in Europe, more than a
hundred saline wetlands occur in small closed basins (from < 1 to 200 ha). These ecosystems
are located in solution dolines formed by karstification of the gypsum-rich bedrock and by
deflation. Playa lakes and other saline wetlands provide habitats for breeding birds, and host
animals, plants and microorganisms adapted to extreme conditions such as hypersalinity,
high solar radiation, temperature extremes, and irregular, alternating periods of drought and
flooding.
B-Mid-Conference Field Trip B: River Ebro floodplain & wetland
restoration
Topics of interest and sites to visit: Middle Ebro River floodplain downstream Zaragoza, including oxbow lakes; restored and constructed wetlands in Monegros for improving irrigation return flows and biodiversity -Lake Sariñena.
route: Huesca-Zaragoza (La Cartuja)-Monegros (Sariñena)-Huesca.
interest
The route runs from the city of Huesca in the Huesca depression towards the south through
the Tertiary continental materials of the Ebro River depression, including limestones, gypsum,
and marls, and crosses the Ebro River floodplain (a large Mediterranean river) close to
Zaragoza city. We will be visiting the Natural Reserve of Galachos (oxbows) where preservation
and restoration works were performed and where there are ongoing studies focusing on surface and subsurface biodiversity related to river connectivity. Riparian woodlands and oxbow
lakes will be visited.
32
Lake Sariñena (an officially preserved site for wild fauna) in Monegros County and its visitor
center will be visited. Lake Sariñena was originally an endorheic salt lake. Now, after decades
of water flows from irrigation it became a freshwater pond of 2 km2 (lake shoreline 8 km;
maximum depth 5-10 m).
Then, restored and created wetlands in Monegros County will be visited. Sixteen wetlands
and riparian zones were restored (some of them can be considered as created wetlands) were
worked out for improving the quality of the irrigation water flows and biodiversity under the
Life Programme CREAMAGUA.
C-Mid-Conference Field Trip C: Ox-bow lakes and gravel pit
lakes in the Gállego and Ebro Rivers (Zaragoza) & Wetland
restoration to remove nitrates exceeding agricultural irrigation
Topics of interest and sites to visit: Early stage of an ox-bow lake formation in River Gállego
and advanced aggradation of ox-bow lake in the Middle Ebro River floodplain upstream
Zaragoza; and restored wetlands to remove nitrates discharged with the water exceeding irrigated agricultural areas in Monegros County (Huesca province) .
route: Huesca-Zaragoza (Juslibol)-Monegros (Sariñena)-Huesca.
interest
The route runs from the city of Huesca in the Huesca depression towards the south through
the Tertiary continental materials of the Ebro River depression, including limestones, gypsum,
and marls, down to the left margins of Rivers Gállego and Ebro just upstream Zaragoza city
where, respectively, an oxbow lake is being formed (Gállego River) and another one was created during a big flood in 1960 but it is now in an advanced stage of colmatation. Also naturalized gravel pits and an artificial shaloow lake will be visited in this last floodplain (Juslibol).
Two restored wetlands to remove nitrates exported with the irrigation water exceeding agricultural areas will be visited in Monegros County (Huesca province).
33
BioGrAPHiCAL noTes of PLenAry LeCTurers
Prof. edward maltby is Professor of Wetland Science, Water and Ecosystem Management &
Director Institute for Sustainable Water, Integrated Management and Ecosystem Research
University of Liverpool. Previous positions were as Professor of Environmental and Physical
Geography Department of Geography Royal Holloway University of London Director, Royal
Holloway Institute for Environmental Research (RHIER) and Director of Wetland Ecosystem
Research Group (WERG).
Over 40 years of experience in scientific research and environmental project management,
providing both technical and policy advice for Supragovernment, government and non-government bodies. These include the European Commission, UK Department of Environment,
Food & Rural Affairs, House of Commons Select Committee on European legislation, the
United States Federal Government, Belgian and Netherlands governments, the World Wide
Fund for Nature, IUCN - The World Conservation Union, UNEP and the Biodiversity and Ramsar
Conventions. Currently Prof. Maltby is advisor to the Secretary of State for Environment on
the UK National Ecosystem Assessmment amd and formally Chair IUCN Commission on
Ecosystem Management and of the IUCN Wetlands and Water Programme.
dr.ir. Gerardo e. van Halsema, editor & lead author of the Guidelines for Sustainable Agriculture Wetlands Interaction (FAO/Ramsar Publication WR#33), is (since 2007) Asst. Prof.
Water Resources Management at Wageningen University, the Netherlands. Throughout his
professional life at Wageningen University and FAO-Rome, he is working on questions around
sustainability of Agricultural Water Management, with a clear aim and focus of placing this
field in its wider system surroundings. As coordinator Water for Food and Ecosystems at FAO
he has been a key organiser of the FAO/Netherlands international conference on Water for
Food and Ecosystems, which culminated in the work on sustainable agriculture-wetlands interactions with FAO/Ramsar/WUR. More recently, he is the leading author of the Mekong
Delta Plan, which provides a long-term vision and strategy for sustainable adaptation of the
Vietnamese Mekong Delta to climate change – a field in which the integration of agriculture,
regulating services and environment are applied to field of climate change adaptation at the
landscape level.
noelia Vallejo Pedregal is Environmental Sciences Graduate and High Technical Officer (20062012) of the Spanish Ministry of Environment. At present, she is Desk Officer of Nature UnitD.G. Environment of European Commission in Brussels.
34
PAneL disCussion
1) Linking the wise use of wetlands with the challenges for sustainable development
(Auditorium, 15th Monday at 12:00)
moderator: Robert Mc Innes, Ramsar representative
Panelists: Edward Maltby (University of Liverpool); Brigitte Poulin (Station Biologique Tour
du Valat); Anne Tolvanen (Finnish Forest Research Institute and University of Oulu).
Established in 1971, the Convention on Wetlands, which is commonly called the “Ramsar
Convention”, is an intergovernmental treaty that embodies the commitments of its member
countries to plan for the “wise use”, or sustainable use, of all of the wetlands in their territories. The Convention text recognizes the interdependence of Man and his environment
and has at its core the concept of “wise use” – which makes clear that human uses of natural
resources on a sustainable basis are entirely compatible with the Ramsar principles and wetland conservation in general. However, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, published
in 2005, declared that inland and coastal wetlands were still being lost at a rate faster than
any other ecosystem and that the pressures on wetlands continue to increase. Therefore
the vital role that wetlands can play in delivering sustainable development – and maintaining
and improving human well-being – continues to be underplayed and in some cases actively
ignored. This Panel Discussion will explore some of the reasons why the wise use of wetlands
has not been more closely embedded in sustainable development decision-making and make
recommendations on how this challenge can be overcome in the future.
2) Integrating wetlands into the social-economic landscape:
from theory to practice
Auditorium, 17th Wednesday at 12:00)
moderator: Jos Verhoeven, Utrecht University, SWS-Europe President
Panelists: Tania Runge (COPA-COGECA, Brussels); Noelia Vallejo Pedregal (European Commission D.G. Environment Unit ENV B.3-Nature); Jan Kvet (Institute of Landscape Ecology, Trebon, Czech Republic).
Wetland protection and wise use have to be promoted in socio-economic discussions alongside other options for current and future land and water use. Wetland ecosystem services
have been demonstrated to result in tangible economic benefits. Identification and quantification of these benefits can result in a major opportunity to guarantee wetland protection
and wise use in the socio-economic landscape. Ecotourism in s’Albufera wetland in Mallorca
and restoration of carbon sequestration in Estonia are two examples where theory is put into
practice.
35
ABsTrACTs of PLenAry LeCTures
Wetlands in the 21st century: From research to practical actions
to maintain and restore wetland ecosystem services
edward maltby
Emeritus Professor of Water, Wetland Science and Ecosystem management, University of Liverpool, UK.
The unique and seminal role played by wetlands in Earth and human history as well as societal development serves as the background to the growing evidence supporting their continued importance at both global and local scales. Whilst there has been loss of at least half
the world’s wetlands in previous centuries, the last 50 years have witnessed some remarkable changes in attitudes to wetlands that have prioritized them increasingly on scientific
and political agendas. Governments are apparently realizing the value of the natural capital
and ecosystem services of wetlands to the wider human economy. The challenge now to
wetland science, our economic and political systems is to adapt to the new needs of civil society.
Wide ranging examples from around the world are used to illustrate how there is still an important intimate relationship between wetlands and human communities and conversely to
illustrate the progressive loss and degradation that has taken place. The benefits that were
appreciated by early human cultures and current traditional users historically has been either
ignored or dismissed as less valuable by more powerful sectorial interest groups. Key features
of recent changes are outlined and include raised awareness of the socio-economic significance of wetland functioning and the delivery of ecosystem services; opportunities for wetlands to deliver improvements in the welfare and livelihoods of local people; and progressive
recognition of the potential or actual role of wetlands to achieve wider objectives of sustainable development and human benefit. Findings from the international project on The
Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) and the UK National Ecosystem Assessment
(UK NEA) are highlighted to illustrate the potential for changes in government perspectives
and policy.
The need for a more holistic and integrated approach to the natural environment and our
socio-economic framework, as embodied in the Ecosystem Approach, underpins proposals
of the social, economic, political and legislative actions necessary at different scales to safeguard our wetland heritage and resources.
Integrating Wetlands Management and Conservation
into the socio-ecological development.
Gerardo e. van Halsema
Asst. Prof. of Water Resources Management. Wageningen University. The Netherlands
Wetlands are typical rich ecosystems that may provide a wide diversity of ecosystems services
across the spectrum of provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services (MA), as well
as a rich and unique biodiversity. Where the MA has been instrumental in pinpointing us to
the benefits these services can provide for human kind and human wellbeing – providing a
renewed mandate for the preservation and wise use of these valuable ecosystems – the dy-
36
namics of socio-ecological development highlights society’s contestations on which services
and which benefits to particularly appreciate and derive from a particular wetland ecosystem
in question. This has particular bearings on the sustainability of wetland ecosystems that tend
to be appreciated and valued by society for their particular benefits in provisioning and regulating services: i) sustainability is an outcome of continuous contestation and accommodation of differing appreciations and valorizations; ii) the state of the wetland ecosystem to
maintain and use is negotiable in socio-ecological development.
The socio-ecological developments and management of wetland ecosystems are the key factors that derive the specific benefits from the ecosystem and its services, and therewith the
resulting state of the system used. From a social-ecological perspective it is critical to refine
the MA ES framework from a societal point of view: ecosystems have intrinsically multiple
services and benefits to offer for human wellbeing, but these differ widely in their nature and
character; services need to be derived and valued by society in order to reap their benefits;
ecosystem services differ in their provision of public and private benefits. Social-ecological
development strategies need to explicitly account for these differences by acknowledging
which services are valued by and providing benefits to whom, and how these benefits and
management strategies are bounded to specific livelihood activity domains. In deliberating
and negotiating socio-ecological management strategies for wetlands wherein new configurations of ecosystem services are contemplated, the implied shifts in benefits – across services,
beneficiaries and livelihoods – need to be explicitly accounted for, as a re-configuration of eservices equates to a re-configuration of benefits and wealth across the sociological domain.
Not only in terms of private benefits and livelihoods, but also across segments of society
through shifts in public benefits. Where agriculture has been traditionally a strong and prominent societal drive for the valorization of private benefits derived from provisioning services,
the growing awareness for the need to adapt to climate change impacts provide a new impetus to the valorization of public goods derived from regulating services. Thus providing openings and opportunities for new, society supported, reconfigurations of the ecosystem services
and the wetland ecosystem.
37
orAL PresenTATion ABsTrACTs of ConCurrenT
sessions, symPosiA, sPeCiAL sessions And WorKsHoPs
Leaf litter decomposition in a side arm of River Danube at
Gemenc floodplain (Danube-Dráva National Park, Hungary)
Ágoston-szabó, edit1; Károly schöll1; Anita Kiss1; mária dinka1
1Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót,
Hungary, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
Leaf litter is an important energy input for floodplain waters and its breakdown is an important ecosystem process. The decomposition of five leaf litter species was investigated in
Rezéti-Holt-Duna, permanently flowing side arm at Gemenc forested floodplain, stressing
to the importance of mesh size and site effect. A litter bag experiment was performed, by
using litter bags with 1 mm and 0.04 mm mesh sizes; leaves of the Salix alba, Populus hybrids
were placed in the depositional and of the Quercus robur, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus laevis
in the erosional part of the side arm. Ash leaves in 1 mm mesh bags were exposed at both
sites in order to evaluate the site effect. The dominant macroinvertebrate taxon in 1 mm
mesh bags was the Chironomidae in larval stage. Higher breakdown, carbon and nitrogen
release rates were found in 1 mm than in 0.04 mm mesh bags. There were also significant
differences between the decay and carbon release rate of ash decomposing at both sites.
We concluded that the mesh size influence the leaf litter associated breakdown and nutrient
dynamics and the site effect was more pronounced on the decay and carbon release rate
than on the nutrient release rates.
The alluvial system as a framework for physical-biogeochemical
interactions
Antigüedad, iñaki1 ; Ane Zabaleta1 ; miren martinez-santos2; estilita ruiz2 ; Jesús uriarte1 ;
Tomás morales1 ; francisco Comín3 ; fabián Carranza3 ; Cecilia español3 ; José maría
Bodoque4 ; Julián Ladera4 ; Léonard Bernard-Jannin5,6 ; Xiaoling sun5,6 ; samuel Teissier5,6 ;
sabine sauvage5,6 ; José-miguel sánchez-Pérez5,6
University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); Hydrology and Environment Group, Department of Geodynamic,
48940 Leioa (Basque Country), Spain.
2
University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); Hydrology and Environment Group, Department of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering, 48013 Bilbao (Basque Country), Spain.
3
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC); Avda Montañana 1005, 50050 Zaragoza, Spain.
4
University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Department of Geology and Mine Engineering, Avda Carlos III, 45071
Toledo, Spain.
5
University of Toulouse; INPT, UPS; Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
6
CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
1
Attenagua project aims to integrate the knowledge on physical-biogeochemical interactions
of four alluvial wetlands (Tajo, Ebro, Garonne, Bidasoa catchments) of SUDOE region in a
method able to identify the best places with good quality groundwater. Bearing that in mind,
a comparative study between sites was conducted following the sequence Observation -
38
Conceptualization - Modeling. This paper deals with the first two steps. Observation was
founded on a detailed monitoring; 10 piezometers and 2 river points were sampled in each
site once a month (water, pesticides) during a year ensuring sampling at high and low water
levels. Four of the campaigns included sediment and biota sampling. Water level was continuously registered in both, the riparian zone and the river, so the hydrologic context is well
known. Conceptualization was based on the integration of all observed data. Special emphasis was put on site-specific attributes (landscape, alluvial thickness, upland-alluvial-river
link, land cover, pollution sources). A key point of the conceptual model was the connectivity
with the river, including space- and time- variability. Principal Component Analysis was used
in each site to make different groups of waters visible and put in evidence key parameters
that can identify potential “hot-spots (important zones of natural biodegradations). This
didn’t necessarily inform about water origin. Therefore, site-specific knowledge was needed
to define the end-members to be used in EMMA and obtain mixing-maps, which in turn allowed deriving pollutant degradation maps. From these maps hotspot areas were identified
being these the reference for modeling.
Hatching patterns of microinvertebrates in temporary ponds
from Campo de Calatrava (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)
Armengol, Xavier1; maría rodrigo1; Luis Valls1; Andreu Castillo-escrivà1; silvia díez1; Carlos
rochera1; José A. Gil-delgado1; rafael u. Gosálvez2; Ángel Velasco3; máximo florín3; Antonio
Camacho1; francesc mesquita-Joanes1
1
2
3
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Spain.
Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
Department of Environment Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. [email protected]
Temporary ponds are common in steppe habitats, such as those located in Castilla La-Mancha
region, at the center of the Iberian Peninsula. In summer, the low precipitation, warm temperatures and wind, act together to completely dry out most shallow lakes on this area. Many
invertebrates, inhabiting these ponds, are adapted to overpass dry periods through several
strategies. Most microinvertebrates, including rotifers or microcrustaceans, not being able to
fly, present the strategy to produce resting eggs. These eggs are laid on sediments and form
an “egg bank” analogous to the “seed bank” of terrestrial plants. These eggs can survive for
one or several dry seasons, being capable to hatch when the ponds are flooded again and conditions are adequate. In order to evaluate the diversity of species in such egg banks, we performed an experiment to study hatching from the sediment of three ponds in Campo de
Calatrava (Castilla-La Mancha): Nava Grande (NG), Zahurdones (Z) and El Pardillo (EP), collected
in summer 2012 (dry period). Pond invertebrate samples were also taken during the flooded
season from these and other ponds in the area. Three replicates containing 50 g of sediment
each, were filled with distilled water in 1L aquaria and were cultured at a constant temperature
(20 ºC) and photoperiod (10h light :14h dark), mimicking autumn lake-filling conditions. During
one month, water was periodically sampled, hatched individuals were collected (crustacean
larvae were grown apart to adult stages), fixed with 4% formaline, counted under an inverted
microscope and identified to species level if possible. In Z, 20 rotifer and 14 crustacean species
were identified; in EP, 19 rotifers and 9 crustaceans and only 2 rotifers and 4 crustaceans in
NG. The results of the experiment showed different hatching patterns and different “assemblages” which have been compared with the assemblages obtained in samples taken from the
ponds. This work was supported by the project ECOLAKE (CGL2012-38909).
39
Lessons learned? Simulated nutrient reduction by wetlands constructed 1996-2006 in Sweden
Arheimer, Berit; Charlotta B. Pers
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), 60176 Norrköping, Sweden
Water authorities are currently preparing measure plans to improve water status in Europe
according to the Water Framework Directive. In Sweden, one of the major problems for surface water is eutrophication caused by diffuse pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus. For the
whole country, some 2,500 constructed wetlands are now suggested to improve the water
status. However, this is a very small number for a large country as Sweden. This study presents
detailed calculations of effects from previous wetland constructions during the years 19962006, in which 1,574 wetlands (in total 4,135 ha) only reduced the load to the sea by 0.2%
for nitrogen and 0.5% for phosphorous. Even with more optimal allocation, the maximum effect on the total river load would have been small. The paper explains the calculations, uncertainties and robustness of results, scale effects and spatial variability in wetland efficiency
for nutrient removal across Sweden. The cost of wetland constructions so far is compared to
other societal costs. Finally, the on-going efforts of wetland constructions are related to historical efforts in draining land and lakes. It is shown that Sweden still is very far from reconstructing natural conditions, and that more radical measures are probably needed to achieve
the goals of good water status.
An interactive guide to the vascular plants of Mediterranean
temporary ponds in Sardinia (Italy)
Bagella, simonetta1, 2; Caria maria Carmela1; rossella filigheddu1, 2; Pier Luigi nimis3
1
Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy, [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]
2
Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
3
Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy [email protected]
Despite their relevance for conservation, Mediterranean temporary ponds are poorly known
and their importance is not appreciated, which makes them vulnerable to unintentional destruction. The need for stimulating protection measures through the improvement of public
perception is thus urgent. This neglected habitat, however, is ideal for engaging public in practical actions, which could be strongly encouraged with the support of interactive identification
guides. The aims of our research were: i) to implement a checklist of vascular plants, and ii)
to create an interactive guide for the identification of plants growing in the Mediterranean
temporary ponds of Sardinia. Data collected in about 60 ponds were integrated with published
plant inventories and the revision of herbarium material. The online interactive guide, created
with program FRIDA (FRiendly IDentificAtion), consists of two query interfaces: a multi-entry
query permitting to specify several easily observable characters is followed by a richly illustrated dichotomous key to the species sharing those characters. Experts can also use the first
interface to create keys to all species of a given taxon. The key is also available as a standalone application for Apple and Android mobile devices. The system is open to new findings
and can be extended to other areas.
40
Restoration of Pannonic sodic wetlands in Hungary
Bankovics, András1
1
Kiskunság National Park Directorate, H-6000 Kecskemét, Liszt F. u. 19, Hungary, [email protected]
Pannonian salt steppes and salt marshes occur only in a few countries of the European Union,
mainly in the Pannonian bio-geographical region. The largest surface area and the centre of
distribution of this habitat type could be found in Hungary. Sodic pans surrounded by salt
steppes and their associated salt-tolerant herbaceous communities of the Carpathian basin
are the western representatives of the continental alkaline vegetation in the Pontic region.
Sodic wetlands with open water surface have special nutrient cycle which is of utmost importance for the conservation of their characteristic and valuable flora and fauna. Böddi-szék is
a sodic pan with open water surface, the extent of its area is significant with 18% of the open
water surface sodic pan subtype of 1530 habitat type in Hungary. The sodic pan and its catchment area changed to a significant extent due to anthropogenic effects. The construction of
a main drainage canal and its ditches had caused significant damage on the sodic lake, as the
canal literally halved the lakebed. Eutrophication and spreading of the marsh vegetation is a
great threat. The canal and the spreading marsh vegetation cause serious habitat fragmentation. These negative effects are strengthened by the lack of sufficient number of grazing animals in the area. A LIFE-Nature project was granted in year 2013 (LIFE12NAT/HU/001188)
with the aim to restore the original water dynamics and natural habitats. The main element
of the project is the translocation of the bisecting canal to help the natural water cycles be
operational again. The sustainable model of grazing will be set up and will be operational,
converting previously neglected biomass to bioproduct. Scientific-based monitoring of the
project’s efforts and socio-economic impacts is the background of the management planning,
hence helps us to cope with rapid shifts in climatic, ecological, and socio-economic conditions.
Can incorporating agricultural practices into wetland restoration result in win-win situations?
Bart, david1
1
Department of Landscape Architecture and Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies,
University of Wisconsin-Madison. 42B Agricultural Hall, 1450 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, [email protected]
Abandoned agricultural practices might have benefitted floral diversity and invasive-species
management in many wetlands, and there has been increased interest in returning these activities to fulfil a variety of ecological and socio-economic purposes. Here I summarize three
case studies of using or adapting abandoned haying practices to manage wetland plant invasions (Phragmites australis control in New Jersey salt marshes, Phalaris arundinacea invasion
prevention and control in Wisconsin sedge meadows, shrub encroachment control in WI fens)
to determine the potential and problems of re-introducing agricultural practices to manage
wetlands. In all cases, evidence suggested that some abandoned activities could prevent or
control unwanted invasions. However, several problems made the return of these activities
improbable. These included: (i) changing markets; (ii) variable efficacy of uncommon or idiosyncratic practices; (iii) changes in equipment, and; (iv) inexorable ties between the agricultural history of a site and the management efficacy of an activity. Abandoned activities were
abandoned for a reason, and until these reasons are addressed, farmers will not likely return
to these activities for the benefit of management. Managers could accomplish these practices
themselves, but stand the risk of failure when these practices are taken out of an agricultural
context.
41
Impacts of agricultural legacies on calcareous fen communities:
how the past informs the future
Bart1, d.; Tara davenport2
1
Department of Landscape Architecture and Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 42B Agricultural Hall, 1450 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706 USA, [email protected]
2
Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 25V Agricultural Hall, 1450
Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706 USA, [email protected]
Midwestern calcareous fens in part owe their existence to past grazing and burning. However,
legacies of abandoned intensive agriculture continue to impact current plant communities
and restoration outcomes. Here we contrast current vegetation communities, hydrology, nutrient status, seed banks, and soil-hydrologic properties in plowed and never-plowed fens
decades after abandonment. Field surveys of fens in southern Wisconsin revealed that plowed
fens had greatly diminished abundance and richness of native graminoids and fen specialists,
and an increase in herbaceous invaders. Plowed fens also exhibited diminished groundwater
influence and higher available N and P, even when never fertilized. Greenhouse experiments
suggest that plowed fens’ seed banks remain depleted of key native gramimoids, even when
adjacent to source populations. Water-retention curves and hydraulic conductivity measures
of plowed layers differed significantly from never-plowed surface soils and soils below the
plow-line, suggesting that plowing could cause diminished groundwater influence. In turn,
modelling of field data found that diminished groundwater influence lowers invasion resistance. Our data suggest that plowing induces an alternate stable state, with persistent lower
groundwater influence and seed-bank depletion resulting in a weed-dominated, nativespecies-poor system. While agricultural burning and grazing maintained fens in desired states,
more intensive practices should be avoided.
Soil seed bank evaluation: a tool for temporary pond recovery
Belo, Anabela; Ana Lumbreras Corujo; Carla Pinto-Cruz
1
ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de
Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal
Soil seed banks constitute reservoirs for future plant communities and can persist over long
time periods. They ensure the preservation of plant genetic resources of the Mediterranean
Temporary Ponds, a threatened habitat classified as priority habitat (3170*) for conservation
by the Directive Habitats. Soil seed banks can protect species against perturbations by allowing
plants to store propagules until appropriate germination conditions are met. The study was
conducted in Southwest Alentejo and Vicentine Coast Natural Park located along the southwestern coast of mainland Portugal. Soil samples were collected in 3 belts (central, intermediate and outer) of 21 ponds. The propagules (seeds and spores) of characteristic species of
Mediterranean temporary pond were identified and quantified in a 100g soil sample. The
species quantified were: Isoetes histrix, I. setacea, I. velata and Eryngium corniculatum in
every belt, Eleocharis palustris and Glyceria declinata in central belt, Baldellia ranunculoides
in intermediate belt, and Juncus capitatus, Lotus subbiflorus e Cicendia filiformis in outer belt.
The aboveground vegetation was studied to compare to soil seed bank. It was carried out in
visually homogenous plots where each species percent cover was recorded, sampling ponds’
vegetation belts. Preliminary results point out that soil seed bank composition, in comparison
with aboveground vegetation, mirrors the pond conservation status. Therefore the soil seed
bank evaluation is a valuable tool to design less disturbing restoration strategy.
42
Modelling habitat distribution of Mediterranean coastal wetlands: the Ebro Deltas as case study
Benito, Xavier1; rosa Trobajo1; Carles ibàñez1
1
IRTA, Aquatic Ecosystems Program. Carretera poble Nou km 5, 5. 43590 St. Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain.
[email protected]
Present-day altered distribution of the natural habitats in the Ebro Delta is consequence of
intensive human settlement in the last two centuries. We developed spatial predictive models
of potential natural wetland habitats of the Ebro Delta based on ecogeographical predictors
and presence/ pseudo-absence data for each habitat. The independent variables (i.e elevation,
distance from the coast, distance from the river and distance from the inner border) were
analysed using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs). Elevation and the distance from the
coast appeared as key predictors in most of the coastal habitats (coastal lagoons, sandy environments, Salicornia-type marshes and reed beds), whereas distances from the river and
from the inner border were relevant in the most terrestrial or inland habitats (salt meadows,
Cladium-type marshes and riparian vegetation). Our findings suggest that the most inland
habitats (i.e. Cladium-type marshes, salt meadows and riparian vegetation) would have undergone a severe reduction (higher than 90%), whereas in the most coastal habitats (coastal
lagoons, sandy environments, Salicornia-type marshes) the reduction in relation to their potential distribution would be around 70%. This modelling approach can be applied to other
deltaic areas, since all them share a similar topographic.
Waterbirds diversity and importance of Saharan wetlands
of Algeria for their conservation
Bensaci, ettayib1, 4; nouidjem, yacine1, 4; saheb, menouar3; Bouzegag, Abdelaziz2, 4;
Houhamdi, moussa2, 4
Département SNV, Université de M’sila. Algérie
Département de Biologie, Université de Guelma. Algérie
3
ISN. Département de Biologie, Université d’Oum El-Bouaghi. Algérie
4
Laboratoire de Recherche « Biologie-Eau-Environnement » Université de Guelma. Algérie
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
1
2
The wetlands of Algerian Sahara represented by a number of sites have different characteristics of undeniable importance. They contains many very large salt pans (Chott Melghir and
Chott Merouane…), classified as wetlands of international importance according to the RAMSAR convention and other small temporary wetlands such as: Chott Hamraïa and Chott Tindle,
and other permanent sites: Lac Ayata, Gueltates Afilale, Oasis de Tamentit and Ihrir Valley.
These aquatic ecosystems have a great biological diversity due to their size, salinity and substrate, but they remain very poorly studied in Algeria. Regular monitoring of the bird fauna
of these wetlands (2004-2010) allowed us defining the status and phenology of these species.
A total of 56 species representing 16 families were assessed. They are dominated by the
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus, Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferriginea and Teal Anas
crecca crecca. Some species were observed with relatively large numbers and other breeding
species are listed as endangered and vulnerable according the IUCN Red List and such as:
Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris, Ferruginous duck Aythya nyroca., on the other
hand we determined the key sites and habitats used for wintering, as stopover during transSaharan migration and for breeding of this avifauna.
43
Long-term monitoring of wetlands north of the Garzweiler
opencast brown coal mine in western Germany
Berger, daniela
Erftverband, Am Erftverband 6, 50126 Bergheim, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]
In the Rhenish brown coal mining area of western Germany, pumping out of groundwater to
permit lignite extraction in large open pit mines causes vast groundwater depression. Consequences for wetlands are potentially dire. Effects stemming from the Garzweiler mine near
Mönchengladbach reach over 30 kms to the wetlands of the Schwalm- Nette reserve. Under
regulations in force an extensive program of re-infiltration is operated to conserve these wetlands. To optimise the effectiveness of the measures, a monitoring program has been established which includes spatial surveillance along with control and assessment of relevant
hydrological and ecological parameters. In this context, vegetation monitoring is performed
systematically. Measurements are taken at hundreds of permanent plots and at over thirty
transects along topographical gradients. In an innovative evaluation procedure, changes in
number of various wetland indicator species and disturbance indicators are noted and evaluated within each plot and each meter of transect. Numerical results are calculated for each
plot and displayed on a map with a color-coded grading system to distinguish satisfactory
from unsatisfactory species development. Results clearly show the influence of variations in
groundwater recharge on wetland vegetation. In over ten years of use the evaluation procedure has proven effective for detecting vegetation changes in the Schwalm-Nette reserve.
A modelling tool to simulate water exchanges in floodplain
area, application to the Garonne River (SW France)
Bernard-Jannin, Léonard1,2; david Brito3; ramiro neves3; sabine sauvage1,2; José-miguel
sánchez-Pérez1,2
1
2
3
MARETEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
In alluvial floodplains, the interface between surface water and groundwater (hyporheic zone)
supports large river-aquifer exchanges and previous works have shown the key role of these
areas on biogeochemical processes. In order to provide knowledge on contaminants transport
and transformation, and to quantify the role of the hyporheic zones in alluvial floodplains on
biogeochemical processes, a modelling approach has been used. The fully-distributed and
eco-hydrological model MOHID has been adapted to meet the specificities of floodplain areas
and applied to a study site located in a meander of the Garonne River floodplain, (South-West
France). A large network of 25 piezometers installed within the study-site was monthly monitored during 1 year and provides a good calibration dataset of groundwater level and contaminants concentrations within the aquifer. The model simulates the porous media (3D
Richards equations) and surface runoff (2D St Venant equations) and the interaction between
both. It also includes transport of properties. In addition, a simple module for denitrification
has been implemented integrating the role of organic carbon concentrations and water saturation of the medium. Results show the ability of the model to represent hydrodynamic
within the floodplain area. Simulations of river-aquifer exchanges show that the organic carbon coming from the river and the water table variation can explain the spatial and temporal
44
heterogeneity of observed denitrification rates in this area. The model will be used to quantify
the denitrification processes in space and time and to simulate the impact of different hydromorphological conditions on denitrification processes in floodplains areas.
Water exchanges, carbon supply and nitrogen dynamic
in the shallow groundwater of a riparian wetland zone
application to the Garonne River (SW France)
Bernard-Jannin, L. 1,2; sun, X. 1,2; sauvage, s. 1,2; Teissier, s. 1,2, sánchez-Pérez, J. m. 1,2
1
University of Toulouse; INPT, UPS; Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), Avenue de
l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France.
2
Nitrates are a form of water pollution in wetlands areas located at the interface between
rivers and agricultural alluvial areas. In these riparian areas, denitrification process mainly
contributes to the mitigation of nitrate pollution. Groundwater denitrification process is heterogeneous at the riparian scale. This is partly due to environmental conditions, such as carbon availability that depends on the distance from the river. This study highlights the role of
interactions between surface and sub-surface water of the riparian zone of a large river (the
Garonne, SW France). Information is given about the role of surface water in supplying Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) to the riparian zone for nitrate removal processes. Spatial variations in organic carbon and nitrate content in groundwater at the site studied are correlated
with exchanges between the groundwater and the river, from the upstream to the downstream part of the meander. Nitrate and decreasing organic carbon concentrations follow the
same pattern. These results suggest that, in this kind of riparian wetland, nitrate from alluvial
groundwater influenced by agricultural practices may be denitrified by bacteria in the presence of organic carbon from river surface water.
Self-purification capacity in a highly man-modified wetland
Bodoque, J. m.1; Ladera, J.1; Alonso-Azcárate, J.1; yela, J. L.1; sánchez-Pérez, J. m.2, 3
University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Environmental Science Faculty, Avda Carlos III,
45071 Toledo, Spain.
2
1
3
The Tagus watershed is one of the most regulated in the world. So, it has 283 reservoirs and
40 diversion channels, among which stands out the Tajo-Segura inter-basin water transfer
system, from which an average annual volume of 350 Hm3 is derived. As a result, river dynamics has been drastically reduced, having significantly increased the frequency of what yesteryear were ordinary floods, while agriculture has expanded to almost cause the
disappearance of the riparian forest. In this context, and within the framework of the ATTENAGUA project, the natural water purification processes in a alluvial aquifer of the Tagus river
have been assessed. To do this, for over a year a systematic sampling both in 10 piezometers
located in the alluvial aquifer and in the river has been made. Each month, we have characterized the physico-chemical parameters, major ions, pesticides and other complex molecules
in relation to pharmaceuticals and degradation products of cocaine. On a quarterly basis,
45
metals have been analyzed and macroinvertebrates and diatoms existing in the hyphorreic
environment have been characterized, as well as the existence of denitrification. Preliminary
results indicate that the hydraulic connection between the river and the alluvial aquifer is insignificant. The entry of water from the river to the alluvial aquifer is due to irrigation, being
also irrigation the main transport path to the aquifer of complex molecules (e.g., Irbersartan,
Benzoylecgonine). The main source of pollution is associated with farming and associated
management practices. So, we have detected the presence of metolachlor at concentrations
above those allowed by the EU, as well as high concentrations of copper and zinz as a result
of the massive application of pig manure.
CO2 and CH4 fluxes in permanent and temporary aquatic
environments in the lowland of the Po River, Italy
Bolpagni, rossano1; marco Bartoli1; Pierluigi Viaroli1
1
Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, V.le G.P. Usberti 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
[email protected]
Carbon metabolism was measured in the lowland sector of the Po River in summer. Six field
campaigns aimed to measure CO2 and CH4 fluxes across the water-atmosphere and sandbar-atmosphere interfaces in five different ecosystems: the main river course (PO); a backwater system in the river bankfull (LP); an oxbow lake (LA); and two quarry lakes, one no
longer in use (LG) and the other one under excavation (BL). All the sampled sites exhibited a
CH4 oversaturation in the water column; similar results were recorded for the CO2, with the
exception of LG that exhibited a constant CO2 under-saturation. At all sites water was O2
under-saturated. All the emerging sandbars were sources of CO2 with the exception of the
fluvial site (PO) that exhibited negative CO2 consumption, but only for the measurements
collected at the river shoreline. This work demonstrates the existence of significant gradients
of CO2 and CH4 across interfaces. In general, the emergent sandbars, especially at the waterterrestrial interface, are important regulators of the C cycle; the variation in flow regime and
moisture content of emerging deposits regulates the biological activity and thus their ability
to fix or release CO2 by primary producers; accordingly, the stabilization of the emerging deposits encourages the release of CO2.
Biogeochemistry and Lago Grande Curuaí’s aquatic
sustainability in the Amazon Basin, Brazil
Bomfim, eudes1; marie-Paule Bonnet2; Anne-elisabeth Lagues2; daniel Araújo; Jérémie Garnier1; Leonardo Gomes3; Ludgero Vieira3; ricardo Paiva1; stéphanie nasuti1; Geraldo
Boaventura1
Universidade de Brasília, IG/ICC Centro, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-970, Brasília/DF, Brazil, email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
2
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), França, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
3
Faculdade UnB de Planaltina, Área Universitária 1, Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima, 73.345-010 – Planaltina/DF,
Brazil, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
1
The floodplains of the Amazon are highly productive ecosystems considered as hotspots of
biodiversity. They are also among the most threatened ecosystems by climate change and
46
anthropogenic pressures. These changes alter the river and plain dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, becoming imperative to understand them and their relation with the biodiversity
and sustainable use of the natural resources. This research aims to develop a system of indicators for assessing the sustainability of the integrated socio-ecosystem of the Lago Grande
Curuaí located in the Amazon basin, Brazil. The methodology for devising this system is based
on Principles, Criteria and Indicators. The guiding principle assumes that aquatic biodiversity
is inter-related to the floodplain socio-ecosystem integrity. Such criteria was defined to explain
that principles. Indicators were defined too, they represent the peculiar features of the state
of the criteria by aggregating correlated data. Preliminary results about the criterion that correlates the biogeochemical balance with the resources of the ecosystem are presented.
Efficiency of buffer zones recently inserted as CAP
initiative in Italy
Boz, Bruno1; Paolo Bazzoffi2; silvia Carnevale2; Bruna Gumiero3
1
Freelance consultant for CRA ABP Agricultural Research Council - Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre Florence (IT)
2
CRA ABP Agricultural Research Council - Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre - Florence (IT)
3
University of Bologna Dept of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science (BiGeA)
Thanks to their multifunctional role, the use of buffer zones can actively contribute to achieve
the objectives of several European Directives. In coherence with this, in Italy, starting from
2012 the use of buffer zones is one of the basic standards required to farmers in application
of Cross-compliance mechanism introduced by the European Common Agricultural Policy
(CAP, council regulation EC n.3/2009) and is included also on the “greening policies”. Buffer
zones will be financed also in some specific measures of the coming Rural Development Programme 2014-2020. A specific work package of the MO.NA.CO. project1, leading by CRA (Agricultural Research Council), monitored, at national scale, the effects of the standard 5.2 “buffer
strips” in application of the Cross-compliance. Eight experimental buffer zones, distributed
in different agricultural areas of Italy, have been compared in term of hydrological dynamics
and nitrogen removal effectiveness. Results demonstrates which buffer zones with the same
vegetation structure and the same dimensions have very different capacity in term of nitrogen
removal. This is strictly related to the hydrological dynamics: the direction, the depth, the
temporal fluctuation of the groundwater which connects the farmlands to buffers zones and
then to the adjacent rivers are the key factors on driving the nitrogen removal processes. The
new policies have to consider this evidence in a more rigorous way. Project realized with the
contribution of the EAFRD (European Fund for Agriculture and Rural Development) as part of
activities under the National Network program 2007-2013
Forest plantation on cutover peatland in Alberta:
Evaluating methods and carbon stocks
Bravo, Tania A.1; maria strack2; Line rochefort2
1
2
3
GRET, University of Calgary (Alberta, Canada) E-mail: [email protected]
GRET, University of Waterloo (Canada)
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Laval (Quebec, Canada)
After horticultural peat extraction by vacuum-extraction, peatland restoration is a good option
to recover ecological functions in this wetland ecosystem including carbon storage, biodiver-
47
sity support and hydrological and biogeochemical cycling. The residual peat is often too poor
to allow for adequate plant community growth, because cutover peatlands are low in nutrients and devoid of seed bank. To prioritize restoration goal is one of the key elements that
defines successful techniques is the recovery of ecohydrological conditions in damaged wetlands. This project assesses the potential of forest plantation as restoration technique on
abandoned peatlands to return ecosystem functions. Forest plantation may be an appropriate
after-use option in Western Canada, where many undisturbed peatlands have extensive forest
cover. The project focuses on black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P) plantation, and evaluates the effect of fertilization treatment and the impact of paper birch (Betula papyrifera
(March.)) colonization on black spruce growth and carbon exchange. Installation of plots investigating establishment of understory species will also be discussed. Results determined
that forest plantation of cutover peatlands decreased the net release of C to the atmosphere
in comparison to bare peat in similar areas; it is an alternative technique to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions though C storage in biomass. In addition, the highest dose of fertilizer is the
most effective in supporting biomass production through forest growth, and therefore offers
the large C storage capacity. However, fertilizer has a significant effect on birch colonization.
Although this may increase evapotranspiration and heterotrophic soil respiration in the peat
profile by influencing the site’s hydrology, no substantial differences in respiration between
fertilizer doses were observed in this study.
Morphometric heterogeneity of temporary pools in Malta
and its effect on species and life-form richness: implications
for management and restoration
Briffa, Kelly; sheryl sammut; sandro Lanfranco*
Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta. [email protected],
The effect of morphometric heterogeneity of pool basins on the diversity of microcrustaceans
and macrophytes was investigated in 39 cupular pools from six pool landscapes across the
Maltese Islands. Each pool basin was characterised on the basis of its primary axis and secondary axis, maximum morphological depth, depth of the sediment layer and the maximum
water level. The depth parameters were used to sub-divide each basin into ordinal depth
classes which were subsequently used to calculate a Heterogeneity Index for each basin. The
macrophytic species colonising each depth-class of the study basins were noted on a presence/absence basis whilst the proportionate coverage of life-forms (hydrophytes, amphiphytes, terriphytes) in each depth-class was also recorded. Microcrustaceans, in terms of
both species and functional group, were recorded on a presence/absence basis. Life-form diversity of macrophytes was positively correlated with morphometric heterogeneity of basins
(p=0.01) and with sediment-depth heterogeneity (p=0.001) whilst species richness was negatively correlated with these factors (p=0.007 and p=0.002, respectively). The interaction of
pool surface area with sediment depth was a significant determinant of microcrustacean
species richness (p=0.045). The results suggest that morphometric heterogeneity is an important determinant of species richness in such habitats and should be given due consideration in management programmes.
48
Modeling the hydro-biogeochemistry functioning
in alluvial wetlands
Brito, d. a; Bernard-Jannin, L b, c; sauvage, s. b, c; Zabaleta, A. d; Comín, f. e; Bodoque, J. m. f;
neves, r. a; sánchez-Pérez , J. m. b, c
a
Maretec-Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1000-049 Lisbon. Corresponding author: David Brito
[email protected]
b
c
d
Hydrogeology and Environment Group, Science and Technology Faculty, Univ. of the Basque Country, 48940
Leioa, Basque Country (Spain)
e
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-CSIC, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
f
Departamento de Ingeniería Geológica y Minera, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de
Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, 45071 Toledo
The increasing population growth in urban areas and the development of intensive agriculture (to feed the cities) in recent decades, led to an increase in pressures and pollution
on the rivers (point sources from waste water plants or industry or diffuse sources from
agriculture). Riparian areas connecting with the river (mostly in meanders) promote the
fast input of river water in an extended area and the conditions for natural depuration of
river pollution and groundwater coming from the agricultural areas (dynamic of water exchanges, accumulation of nutrient and organic matter, saturation of soil, efficiency of
river/aquifer exhanges) driven by physical processes and biological activity. To understand
the key hydrological and biological processes occurring in the riparian areas at alluvial
scale and to quantify the degradation potential, a modeling tool was used-MOHID Land in
the context of Attenagua project. MOHID Land is a physically based, distributed, continuous, variable time step model that solves water and property movement and property
transformation and can tackle both flood wave interaction and biological activity described
above in riparian areas. MOHID Land model was implemented in the 4 alluvial areas of
the project (Garonne river near Toulouse, France, Bidasoa river near Irun, Basque Country,
Spain, Ebro near Zaragoza, Spain and Tagus river near Toledo, Spain) using as boundary
conditions measured river flow and concentrations and aquifer level and concentrations.
Modeling results were compared to field data collected in piezometers (water levels and
concentrations) during one year continuously for water level and at monthly time step for
concentrations of nitrates, conductivity and chloride as conservative elements. The results
were used to quantify the alluvial nitrate decay potential. The hydrodynamic modeling results got to represent the piezometer level trends and values during floods and no-flood
conditions and integrated results gave the same trends as the derived from data analysis.
The water quality modeling results got to represent the same order of magnitude of properties and major trends. Modeling results show that even that the biological processes are
slow (compared to flood dynamics), during floods the processes speed-up (saturation, nutrient input) and the most important factor for achieving higher degradation are flow duration and substrate presence (in case of denitrification processes use carbon for nitrates
uptake). The results obtained in comparison to field data show that the modeling approach
is valid for alluvial plains and can be transferred to other areas where aquifer are controlled
by river dynamic.
49
Marsh elevation and carbon accumulation in a Mediterranean
restored marsh (Ebro Delta, Spain)
Calvo-Cubero, Juan*1; Carles ibáñez2; Albert rovira2; Peter J. sharpe3; enrique reyes1
1
2
3
Dept. of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Aquatic Ecosystems Program, IRTA. St. Carles de la Ràpita (Catalonia, Spain)
US National Park Service, 200 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106
The Ebro Delta (Spain) is among the most important marsh areas in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Fluvial sediment reduction by dams in a relative sea-level rise (RSLR) scenario has
increased the delta plain flooding risk. The objective of this study was to assess factors controlling of marsh elevation and C accumulation in a Mediterranean oligohaline restored marsh.
We conducted a 3-year experimental field study in a newly established restored marsh using
two different freshwater input types, riverine irrigation water (IW) and rice field drainage
water (DW) and three water levels (10, 20 and 30 cm depth). This study indicates that Mediterranean restored marshes might deal with flooding risk due to high mean rates of vertical accretion (11.5±0.8 and 15.5±0.6 mm yr-1) and elevation change (9.1±1.4 and 8.8±2.8 mm yr-1)
in both IW and DW treatments. Rice field drainage waters provided higher sediments to the
restored marsh, which in turn promoted C accumulation showing in both water type treatments (99.44 and 126.10 g m-2 yr-1) similar values to global estimates for freshwater marshes.
This research supports that the use of rice field drainage waters as a source of sediments as
beneficial for marsh restoration focused on marsh elevation and C accumulation.
Functional ecology of Laguna de Talayuelas, a model Mediterranean temporary pond
Camacho, Antonio; nayeli murueta; elena Blasco; stefano Colelli; Anna C. santamans;
Antonio Picazo
University of Valencia, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology & Department of
Microbiology and Ecology, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. [email protected]
1
Mediterranean temporary ponds and lakes show an ecological behaviour that is largely determined by the specificity of the Mediterranean climate. Its water level depends on the balance between precipitation and evaporation, as they commonly have very small catchments
and are often endorheic. All these determine annual varying periods of flooding, with filling
within fall to spring, then summer desiccation. In this work we present the main aspects of
the functional ecology of Laguna de Talayuelas, a small (5.6 Ha) temporary freshwater lake
(conductivity 0.18–0.8 mS/cm), lying on siliceous bedrock, that we selected as a representative
model of this type of Mediterranean ecosystems to model its ecological functioning. It is located in Eastern Spain (39º48’59.8’’N, 1º14’24.73’’W), in an area of transition MediterraneanContinental climate. Its hydrological pattern is encompassed with the development of aquatic
vegetation during the growing period, both hydrophytes and helophytes, whose metabolism,
mainly through primary production, respiration and nutrient acquisition/release, largely governs the ecological functioning of the lake. Small Mediterranean shallow lakes, such as that
studied here, are extremely sensitive to hydrological anthropogenic alterations that change
their natural ecological patterns, since these modify their functional features and affect the
biological community, thus degrading the ecosystem health.
50
Physical drivers of vegetation change in the Okavango Delta
Campo-Bescós, miguel A.1,2; rafael muñoz-Carpena2; david A. Kaplan3; Jane southworth4
1
2
3
4
Dpt. Projects and Rural Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain, [email protected]
Dpt. Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, email: [email protected]
Dpt. Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, email: [email protected]
Dpt. Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, email: [email protected]
In southern Africa, long-term changes in the ecosystem structure and productivity of savannas
is thought to be driven by a combination of biotic and abiotic drivers, and may represent irreversible landscape degradation. Identifying the main drivers responsible for vegetation transition is critically important for land management, particularly in the context of significant
climate variability in the region. We applied Dynamic Factor Analysis (DFA), a multivariate
times series dimension reduction technique, to investigate the shared dynamics of spatially
variable vegetation coverage across three large watersheds in southern Africa over ten years
and to identify the most important physical drivers of vegetation change in the region. NDVI
across the region is described by a pattern of cyclic seasonal variation, with distinct spatiotemporal variation in different physio-geographic regions. For the subregion in which Mean
Annual Precipitation (MAP) < 750 mm our NDVI model was most strongly influenced by soil
moisture and precipitation, with much smaller effects of fire, evapotranspiration, and temperature. On the other hand, in regions with MAP > ~900 mm, fire and temperature began
to dominate, followed in importance by evapotranspiration. While a number of previous studies of NDVI in southern Africa have focused on the relationship between NDVI and one or two
explanatory variables, in this work we quantified the combined spatio-temporal effects of a
suite of environmental drivers on NDVI across a diverse and sensitive savanna region, improving our ability to evaluate and understand landscape level changes in vegetation.
Long-term monitoring of Mediterranean temporary pond
dynamics through remote sensing: a case study in western
Mediterranean
Caria, maría Carmela1; simonetta Bagella1,2; Alessandro niedda1; salvatore Virdis3
Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy, [email protected],
2
Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
3
Istituto di Biometeorologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy,
[email protected]
1
This study integrates the use of multi-source, multi-resolution remote sensing images (1972
to 2014) and field survey based datasets to quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics of temporary ponds. It was performed in an area located in SW Sardinia, Giara di Gesturi, characterized by a large number of temporary ponds. Our aim is to analyse the possible correlations
between pond’s surface extent changes and environmental and physiographic parameters
(e.g. temperature, rainfall, nature of soils, geology, exposure). We examined 170 LANDSAT
MSS, TM, ETM+ and L8 images checking for possible variation in pond’s surface extent. For
each epoch under consideration, the extension of wetlands was delineated by visual interpretation and results validated by cross-comparison with coeval pond’s extension measured
with handheld GPS receiver. We used the external boundary as reference proxy. Temporary
51
ponds were mapped for each epoch and classified into extension classes. Losses and gains of
pond’s extension were also mapped and quantified. Correlation of extension changes with
environmental parameters were assessed and results interpreted also with compared to main
changes occurring in the area in the last 40 years.
Relationship between bacterial community diversity,
carbon supply and denitrification processes in riparian areas
Carranza f1.; sánchez-Pérez J.m.2; sauvage s.2; Comin, f.1; Antigüedad, i.4; Zabaleta A.4;
Teissier s.2; navarro e.1; español C.1
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC). Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
University of Toulouse; INPT, UPS; Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France.
3
University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM); Department of Geology and Mine Engineering,
Avda Carlos III, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
4
University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); Hydrology and Environment Group, Department
of Geodynamic, 48940 Leioa (Basque Country), Spain.
5
1
2
Alluvial floodplains are ecosystems with a great space-temporal variability. The human influence has largely limited this areas’ dynamism and thus they are severely menaced, and the
loss of some of their natural functions is patent. Controlling the flow and metabolism of nutrients and other compounds is one of the most important roles developed by those areas.
In order to assess the importance of carbon supply, groundwater connectivity and geomorphological patterns in the denitrification processes in this kind of environment, an extensive
bacterial community study involving four meanders in four different rivers (Bidasoa, Ebro,
Garonne and Tajo) was made. During twelve months (May 2013 – April 2014), we quarterly
sampled interstitial sediments from the bottom of piezometer nets constructed in the four
sites, and incubated an extract of those sediments in EcoplatesTM in order to have a measure
of the potential carbon metabolism of each bacterial community. The statistical analysis of
the growth curve parameters from each plate along with physicochemical and hydrological
data collected in the study sites leads to the conclusion that piezometers that show high surface and subsurface connectivity with the main channel tends to have a steady carbon supply
that boosts denitrification processes performed by the bacterial communities.
The microbial value of shallow saline lakes
Casamayor, emilio o1; Xavier Triadó-margarit1; Carmen Castañeda2; Juan Herrero2
Biogeodynamics & Biodiversity Group-Dep of Continental Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies of Blanes, CEABCSIC, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Accés Cala St. Francesc 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
[email protected]
2
Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
1
Saline lakes usually occur in endorheic drainage basins, which approximately cover 1/10 of
the Earth’s surface area, and account for a similar proportion of world water than freshwater
lakes. They are numerous and distributed worldwide in semi-arid or arid areas constituting a
unique landscape of great scientific and ecological value. In Europe, they are rare and threatened with probably the highest number present in Spain developed on salty geologic materials. Only very recently, the genetic diversity of microorganisms inhabiting saline lakes is
52
being unveiled. Such microbes are an excellent source to obtain biotechnological products,
and to study evolutionary adaptations and potential strategies of life on other planets. However, we are still far to understand how many different species exist in saline lakes, what are
their functions and adaptations, and which environmental conditions promote the highest
and the lowest diversity. Here, we present the first study of microbial biodiversity from the
three domains of life inhabiting several salt lakes in the Monegros Desert, ranging from <1%
to >30% salinity, and temperatures < 0°C to > 35°C. We analyzed bacteria, archaea and protists
by ribosomal RNA genes fingerprinting and sequencing. Unexpectedly, the highest diversity
was found in protists and the lowest in archaea. Protists showed higher ecological diversity
at intermediate salinities. The highest genetic novelty was found in Archaea at the lowest
saline concentrations. Recurrent presence of bacterial phylotypes closely related to bacteria
isolated from polar marine habitats, was observed. Saline lakes contained chlorophyta, among
other new groups, substantially different from green algae previously reported in marine or
freshwater. Overall, any saline lake in the Monegros Desert was susceptible to contain a substantial microbial novelty. The great scientific and ecological value found for macroorganisms
can be extended to the idiosyncratic microbes inhabiting such unique habitat in Europe.
Inundation requirements for persistence and recovery of river
red gums (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), a keystone species
in a Ramsar listed Wetland in semi-arid Australia.
Catelotti, Katharine1*; Bino, G. 1; Kingsford, r. T.1; Bacon, P.2
Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of NSW, NSW 2052, Australia, [email protected] 2Woodlots and Wetlands, [email protected]
1
Increasing demand for freshwater is severely degrading the world’s river and wetlands ecosystems. Often, dependent organisms respond nonlinearly in their condition. Linking hydrology
with ecological responses can highlight the causes for a transition to poor functional condition.
Significant reductions in inundated areas and frequency of floods have degraded ecological
assets in the Macquarie Marshes, a Ramsar-listed wetland the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia.
We investigated long-term changes in the condition of 212 river red gums (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), at 17 sites in 1993, 1994, 2004 and 2011. Over this period, significant decline in
condition was recorded, with 56.13 % (119) of the original healthy trees exhibiting no signs
of life by 2011. Using historic inundation mapping, we examined how past flooding frequencies best explained variation in condition, persistence and recovery. The probability of inundation in the five years prior to each survey had the strongest explanatory power for condition
while persistence and recovery were best explained by the probability of inundation in the
previous ten years. There were strong threshold responses of persistence and recovery when
probability of inundation in the previous ten years was greater than 0.4 and 0.5, respectively.
Predictions of river red gum persistence probabilities had good agreement with the percentage of dead trees, estimated during an independent vegetation survey. For heavily regulated
systems, such as the Macquarie Marshes, recovery of flooding regimes using environmental
flows is a crucial conservation objective. Identifying quantitative relationships between flow
volumes and ecological responses will support informed decision-making of environmental
flow and conservation management.
53
Microalgae as a bio-indicator of the effects of pollutants
in groundwaters in riverine wetlands areas
Chamsi, ousama1,2; navarro enrique3 ; sánchez-Pérez José-miguel1,2 ; sauvage sabine1,2 ;
Comín francisco3 ; Antigüedad iñaki4 ; Bodoque José-maría5 ; Pinelli eric1,2
1
University of Toulouse ; INPT, UPS ; Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), avenue de
l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France, [email protected]
2
CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet TolosanCedex, France
3
AgenciaEstatalde Investigacion, CSIC, InstitutoPirenaico de Ecología, Spain
4
Universidad delPais Vasco, UPV, Spain
5
Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, UCLM, Spain
Contamination of ecosystems by pesticides, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals become a
major environmental problem. Freshwater algae are well known bio-indicators of river pollution, but no studies deal with these species as bio-indicators of groundwater in riverine wetlands. Although microalgae are dominant species in flowing rivers, it is well known that their
sensibility to pesticides differ markedly among species, and therefore the toxicity data for
multiple species need to be efficiently obtained. In the present work, three river dominant
species Desmodesmus subspicatus, Nitzschia palea and Navicula pelliculosa are used. Algal
growth investigation was performed by fluorometric microplate assays (Typhoon) for testing
groundwater and river quality in four riparian wetlands in the south-west of Europe (Monbéqui (France), Saragossa (Spain), Bidasoa (Spain) and Toledo (Spain).Four campaigns during
contrasted hydrological conditions were realized under different pedo-climatic conditions in
agricultural area. The pollutants analyzed by HPLC-MS and ICP-MS are pesticides, pharmaceuticals and metals. The first PCAs results showed that algae growth differences were noticed
between freshwater and groundwater. The green algae were sensitive to physic-chemical parameters (alkalinity, SO4, O2, pH), metals (co-factors as Co and Ni) and pesticides (essentially
s-triazines, metholachlor and their metabolites). Diatoms were sensitive to silica concentrations, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pesticides (most are metabolites) and pharmaceuticals
that induced growth stimulation (the metabolite of cocaine for N. palea and carbamazepine,
irbesartan and valsartan for N. pelliculosa). Same notices for pharmaceuticals were observed
for three sites, excepted Bidasoa (the cleanest one). All these data supply a new useful bioindicator and efficient method for preliminary investigation of groundwater quality and to
predict the best location of quality water for human consumption (ATTENAGUA project).
Sulfur transformations in subsurface-flow constructed
wetlands treating secondary effluent
Chen, yi1; yue Wen2; Qi Zhou2; Jan Vymazal1
Department of Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague,
16521, Czech Republic. E-mail address:[email protected]
2
Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science
and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
1
There is now evidence that bacterial sulfate reduction and re-oxidation simultaneously occur
in constructed wetlands (CWs), yet a complete picture of sulfur cycling is still not well understood. Experiments in five different batch subsurface-flow CWs treating sulfate-containing
secondary effluent were carried out. The results showed that the presence of Typha latifolia
had little effect on sulfate removal, while its litter addition greatly improved sulfate removal
in CWs through continuous supply of organic carbon. After sulfate reduction, the produced
54
sulfide was oxidized via both chemical and microbial pathways, and chemical sulfur oxidation
rates were approximately 5 times higher than the bacterial oxidation rates. Further, acid
volatile sulfide (AVS) and two valence states of S (-II) and S (0) were discovered from the precipitant attached on gravel, and elemental sulfur and thiosulfate were detected as the intermediates in the pore water. High-throughput pyrosequencing revealed that a diversity of
sulfate-reducing bacteria (i.e. Desulfobacter and Desulfovibrio) and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria
(i.e. Thiobacillus thioparus and Sulfuricurvum kujiense) was respectively involved in the sulfur
reduction and oxidation process. Finally, S mass balance showed that AVS was mainly responsible for the sulfate removal (65.4%~77.0%), and elemental sulfur and other unknown sulfur
compounds accounted for 4.5%~7.5% and 10.2%~25.9%, respectively.
Genetic structure of the insect populations in the Tatra Mts.
alpine ponds and lakes
Čiampor, fedor Jr.; Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová; darina Šípošová; Katarína Goffová
Department of Animal Ecology, Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84506, Bratislava,
Slovakia, [email protected]
High mountain glacial lakes and ponds represent isolated and hardly accessible aquatic habitats with patchy distribution across mountain ranges. Although colonized only recently, they
are inhabited by very specific and unique species assemblages. The alpine aquatic habitats
are very sensitive to even negligible environmental changes, and all species had to accommodate to severe, high-altitude conditions. In the last decades, the changes induced by global
warming and other negative effects of human activities might have influenced the fauna of
these vulnerable biotopes. The ecological or faunistic research of the alpine lakes has a long
tradition, but little is still known about population genetic structure of the natural alpine lake
inhabitants. Since 2009 we collected and analysed material of several selected insect species,
inhabiting more than 100 lakes and ponds in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia). Using mitochondrial and nuclear markers we assessed molecular diversity, haplotype composition and possible connections or barriers among studied populations. The results suggested relatively high
genetic diversity within the small Tatra Mountain range, reasonable differences among populations from studied lakes and ponds, and also different impact of the geographic barriers
on the studied species.
Danube’s Iron Gates wetlands: threats and conservation measures
Ciocanea, Cristiana maria1; Carmen sorescu2; Tania Chincea2; steluta manolache1
University of Bucharest, Center for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, 1 Nicolae Balcescu, 010041,
Bucharest, [email protected]
Environmental Protection Agency Caras-Severin, 73 Petru Maior, Resita, Romania, [email protected]
1
2
Danube’s Iron Gates wetlands are located in the south-western part of Romania; ROSPA0026
Danube water course Bazias-Iron Gates is overlapping a large area of priority habitats for protected bird species, such as Phalacrocorax pygmeus and Aythya nyroca, amphibians, reptiles
and fishes. The major wetlands are represented by: Nera-Danube pond, Calinovat Island, Divici-Pojejena area, Liuborajdea wetland and Moldova Veche Island. The study is based on several methods involving eco-sociologic survey, assessment of water characteristics and
55
evaluation of degradation sources. Our study revealed that the area is endangered by sever
biodiversity threats such as: wetlands eutrophication, aquatic invasive species, birds nesting
and resting habitats degradation and wetlands pollution. Also we documented a lack of understanding the importance of Natura 2000 network’s role in the project area. Considering
our results we strongly recommend that conservation measures should take into account:
ecological restoration of wetlands, invasive species management and information for local
communities regarding biodiversity protection and conservation.
Progress in the assessment of primary production
by wetland herbaceous plants: a review
Čížková, Hana1; Jiří dušek2; Jan Květ2,3
1
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Studentská 13, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
2
Czech Academy of Sciences, CzechGlobe – Centre for Global Change Research, Na sádkách 7. 37005 České
Budějovice, Czech Republic, [email protected]
3
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
Production ecological investigations of herbaceous wetland plants and vegetation started and
soon became widespread during the International Biological Programme (1965-74). The methods used for obtaining the initial data on the basis of which net primary production by the
wetland plants or plant stands is calculated are based either on direct harvesting of plant biomass, or on indirect non-destructive growth assessments calibrated by destructive ones, or
on repeated measurements of net photosynthetic rate combined with assessments of the
input of photosynthetically active radiation (PhAR). Both the direct and indirect methodology
can be refined by the application of the principles of growth analysis. Yield formation of wetland crops can thus be described and interpreted. Allometric measurements relate the growth
of various plant parts with one another, thus providing additional useful information. The
aerodynamic method of measuring CO2 uptake by plant stands has relatively recently developed into the eddy covariance method which enables direct assessment of CO2 exchange between plant stands and the atmosphere. This method has gained growing attention, mainly
in response to the recent interest in carbon sequestration by various ecosystem types (including wetlands) under changing environmental conditions. This review is supported by Project GA ČR no. P504/11/1151.
A conceptual model to characterize biophysical
and biogeochemical indicators in river water-groundwater
interfaces for natural depollution of water pollution
Comín, f. A.1 ; sauvage, s.2,3 ; Antigüedad, i.4 ; Bodoque J.m.5; neves r.6 ; Brito, d.6; sánchezPérez J.m.2,3; Zabaleta, A.4; ruiz, e.7; Gerino m. 2,3; yao, J.m. 2,3; Carranza, f.1; español, C.1;
navarro, e.1; Ladera, J. 5; yela, J.L. 5; Teissier, s. 2,3
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC). Avda Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
3
1
2
56
4
48940 Leioa (Basque Country), Spain
5
Toledo, Spain.
6
MARETEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal 7Dpt. Chemical and Environmental Engineering, High Technical Engineering School, UPV-EHU. Bilbao, Spain.
Floodplains are ecological systems mostly regulated by river dynamics and human disturbances which determine the efficiency of the coupling hydrogeochemical functions-biological
structure to keep floodplains as integrated systems providing regulating services as removing
pollutants. A comparative approach using biophysical and biogeochemical indicators was followed to design a conceptual model of river water-groundwater interfaces for natural depollution of water pollution in four river floodplains located in the rivers Garonne (France),
Bidasoa, Ebro and Tajo (Spain) as part of the Interreg IVB SUDOE project ATTENAGUA. Huge
differences among the floodplains in river flood dynamics and land use cover were observed.
While Garonne and Ebro River still keep a intensive flood regime and have large areas or their
floodplains cover by riparian forests, a very low river dynamics and a very narrow riparian
forest are observed for Bidasoa and Tajo floodplains.
Biodiversity change and conservation in the wetlands
of the Pantanal Upper Paraguay-Amazonia Ecotone,
Mato Grosso (Brazil)
da silva, Carolina Joana1; Keid nolan silva sousa2; solange ikeda1; Célia regina Araújo soares
Lopes1; Josué ribeiro da silva nunes1; maria Antonia Carniello1; Paulo roberto mariotti1;
Wilkinson Lopes1; Alessandra morini1; Bruno Wagner Zago; Cristiane Lima façanha1; ruth
Albernaz1; elaine Loureiro1; iris Gomes1; robson flores de oliveira1; Weslei Jonatar1; Joari
Costa de Arruda1; nilo Leal sander1; djair sergio de freitas Junior1; Valcir rogério Pinto1;
Aldeniza Cardoso de Lima3; robert H.G. Jongman4
CELBE, PPGCA, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), PPGBionorte-Rede Bionorte, Caceres, Mato
Grosso, Brazil [email protected]
2
ICTA, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), PPGBionorte-Rede Bionorte , Santarém, Pará, Brazil,
[email protected]
3
PPGBionorte-Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal da Amazônia (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil,
[email protected]
4
Jongman Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands and IDEC, Hiroshima University Japan, [email protected]
1
Besides of the rain in the Pantanal that is formed in Amazon forest, Amazonia and the Pantanal have a link to each other by an ecotone formed by the upstream part of the rivers
Paraguay and Guaporé, This zone is the ecological linkage between two areas of high biodiversity importance and is considered important for species exchange processes. In this way
it can be considered as an important area to realise the CBD Aichi targets for 2020 at the regional level. The two river wetlands share part of their flora and fauna species with origin in
both regions. However, since over twenty years this area is under severe pressure of land
conversion and is increasingly threatened by river change, due to building of hydroelectric
power stations. This will cause direct and indirect damaging effects on the region and in this
way on its role as biodiversity corridor. We carried out a DPSIR analysis of the region. The direct pressures are changes in the river system, as these constitute the river ecotone between
the Amazon and Plata basin. If river flows are being blocked, the flood pulse and the migration
corridor of fish as well as the transport of plant seeds will be hampered, indirect pressures
57
are opening the land for further deforestation and agricultural developments, building on the
on-going developments in the region. This, in combination with the fragmentation of river
system can cause changes in biodiversity, preventing species exchange between the two biomes, Amazonia and the Pantanal, preventing fish to spawn upstream and further fragmentation of the remnant forest patches. The response to this could be denial, enforcement of
traditional conservation actions or integration of biodiversity targets into land development,
developing sustainable land use that reduces fragmentation and integrates biodiversity targets as requested by the CBD to the parties of the convention for the year 2020.
In shore and offshore restored wetlands as buffers zones
for the improvement of water quality of the water exceeding
irrigation in an agricultural territory
darwiche-Criado1, n.; f.A. Comín2; A. masip3; m. García2; s. Gutiérrez1; r. sorando2
1-2
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC. Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza-Av. Victoria s/n, 22700 Jaca, Huesca.
Spain.
3
Parque Científico-Tecnológico Aula Dei. Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
Eleven in-stream and five off-stream wetlands were studied in the southern part of Flumen
River basin, an intensively irrigated agriculture area located in NE Spain in order to estimate
their efficiency for nitrate removal, which is a major pollutant discharged with the water exceeding irrigation. Sampling was performed during different agricultural periods in order to
demonstrate their influence on water quality. Water discharge and nitrate concentrations
(NO3-) were determined at the inlet and outlet of each wetland for two years following their
completion Removal efficiency was significantly greater during the irrigation season (AprilOctober) but there were no significant differences between in-stream and off-stream wetlands. However, nitrate removal rate was significantly higher in off-stream wetlands during
non-irrigation season (November-March). Moreover, nitrate was exported from some wetlands in both seasons. Our results suggest that a strong connection existed between water
quality and agriculture seasonality. Unstable hydrological conditions and temperature influenced the biogeochemical processes and, therefore, nitrateremoval. In spite of the short time
after restoration, 90% removal of nitrate discharge was observed in some wetlands. This suggests that their ability as buffer zones will increase in later stages of wetland development.
LIFE project “La Mancha Wetlands”: restoration of salt flats
around 27 endorheic wetland areas in La Mancha
del río Amanda1; eduardo de miguel1; Angeles Pontes1; Carlos Pérez1; ernesto Aguirre-ruiz1;
Carlos Zumalacarregui1; Blanca Hurtado1.
1
Fundación Global Nature, [email protected]
The LIFE project targets the recovery of the Lygeum spartum grasslands and salt steppes in
the wetland complex of La Mancha. The project is focus on the Natura 2000 SCI “Humedales
de La Mancha” - ES4250010), covering ten municipalities located at Ciudad Real, Cuenca and
Toledo. This project is coordinated by Fundación Global Nature (FGN), with the Department
of Agriculture of the Castile-La Mancha as partner, and it has a budget of €2,599,274, 75%
58
funded by the European Commission and 25% by the partners. The project activities include:
land purchase; restoration of halophilic flora; closing drainage ditches and salt extraction
ponds; creation of hedgerows, copses and restoration of verges with species of trees and
bushes; restructuring of paths to define access to sensitive areas; protection by means of railings; control and monitoring by plant mapping; awareness-raising and dissemination activities.
The project is currently being developed. There are some results within conservation actions
such as the removal of salt extraction ponds and drainage ditches, rubble and waste, followed
by the habitat restoration through plantation of native species coming from the nursery created by the LIFE project. More than 800 children have been trained on the value of these rare
ecosystems. A GIS tool to monitor the Natura 2000 habitats is being generated. Communication activities include FGN’s help to food producers in Natura 2000 sites, to launch products
that contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES): packaging
products that are sold to organic retailers (certified with the ecolabel and additionally branding BES), and informing consumers about the origin (Natura 2000 sites) and about the benefits
for BES. The main project result will be the conservation of an area (SPA, SCI, and Biosphere
Reserve), which are an essential alternative habitat for many species endangered by the loss
of suitable wetlands.
Threats of desiccation of permanent and temporary ponds
in Doñana National Park (SW Spain).
díaz-Paniagua, Carmen1; david Aragonés2; Javier Bustamante3
1
2
Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41013 Sevilla, [email protected]
[email protected] , [email protected]
In Doñana National Park most aquatic habitats are temporary. Ponds dry up during the summer, and are filled when phreatic levels rise after heavy rains. The permanent ponds of the
park, and a series of long-hydroperiod ponds are formed in an area where discharges of the
dune and regional aquifers coincide.In the last decades, groundwater extraction has severely
affected the park. Using Landsat images, we have estimated the variation of the inundated
area of the largest ponds (1975-2013). All ponds have increased in their dependency of annual
rainfall in recent decades. Two seasonal ponds located close to urban pumping stations are
currently dry. We detect a general tendency of hydroperiod shortening in the other seasonal
ponds, that have dried up in all summers of recent years, including those of very rainy years.
The permanent pond had not wide interannual fluctuations in inundated surface in the 1970’s,
while its inundation surface is presently very much correlated with annual rainfall, being close
to desiccation in years of low rainfall. These results evidence that this pond network is severely
threatened with desiccation. It is urgent to control groundwater extraction in this area to preserve the integrity of this important wetland.
Spatial and temporal changes in physical and chemical
properties of an oxbow lake of the Danube River
(Nyéki-Holt-Duna, Danube-Dráva National Park, Hungary)
dinka, mária1; Károly schöll1; Anita Kiss1; Árpád Berczik1; edit Ágoston-szabó1
Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót,
Hungary, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
1
59
Nyéki-Holt-Duna is an oxbow lake of the River Danube at Gemenc floodplain (46°15’N
018°51’E), is an important area of biodiversity with high natural value. Its hydro-chemical
properties were investigated and compared with that of the main arm of the Danube in 2009,
when the surface connectivity threshold level of the oxbow lake was exceeded during a 16,
24, 21 and 5 day flood pulse, by the water level of the Danube, allowing the inflow. The concentrations of carbon forms were higher, while that of the nitrogen forms and of suspended
matter were lower in the oxbow lake water than in the main channel of the Danube. The concentrations of phosphorus forms and of chlorophyll-a were differently related with that of
the main arm at each sampling time, the reason for it could be by the interplay of several factors such as the degree of macrophyte cover, water depth, hydrological connectivity. The results of the multivariate statistical analyses showed the different grouping and the sharp
separation of the oxbow lake sampling sites from the main arm of the Danube. Our results
support the high spatial and temporal heterogeneity of habitats, which is an important prerequisite of the biological diversity.
Primary productivity, decomposition and fungal colonisation
in Phragmites australis
dolinar, nataša1; Alenka Gaberščik2
1
2
Department of Biologyç@gmail.com,
[email protected]
Water level changes have a great influence on intermittent Lake Cerknica’s biota and
processes. We studied the effect of water level changes on primary production, decomposition and fungal colonization of Phragmites australis. Aboveground biomass of P. australis is
from 200 to 1600 g/m2 and was influenced by water level in autumn and spring. High water
level in autumn shortens the growing season which affects nutrient accumulation into underground rhizomes. High water level in spring caused the prolongation of P. australis culms.
Decomposition rate of P. australis litter was fastest in water (kculms=0,049; kleaves=0,385), and
slowest when litter was dry (kculms=0,024; kleaves=0,050) and was significantly correlated with
number of days when samples were submerged. Fungal root colonization decreased as roots
were submerged and an increasing trend toward the end of growing season was observed.
The extent of fungal root colonization is usually the greatest in time of largest plant needs
for nutrients, which is in line with P. australis autumn accumulation into rhizomes.
Methane emission from a sedge-grass marsh
under different environmental conditions
dušek, Jiří 1; stanislav stellner1
Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v.v.i. Na Sádkách 7 České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
1
Methane is the third most important contributor to the greenhouse effect after water vapour
and carbon dioxide. Air concentration of methane is usually around 1.9 ppm. Methane is naturally produced by wetland ecosystems. It is a product of anaerobic decomposition processes
of organic matter in water-saturated soils. These processes require synergistic cooperation
between anaerobic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Methane emissions were measured
60
in an unmanaged sedge-grass marsh. The dominant plant species are Carex acuta L. and
Phalaris arundinacea L. Methane emissions were measured using both manual and automatic
closed dynamic chambers (non-steady state flow-through technique). Increasing methane
concentration inside the closed chamber was continuously analysed with a laser spectroscopic
gas analyser (DLT-100 Los Gatos Inc., USA). Gas emissions measurements were carried out
under different environmental conditions during the vegetation period and whole year.
Methane emissions varied widely between different places on the site and also during the
vegetation period. During winter and when the soil was evenly frozen, zero or negligible
methane emissions were recorded. The highest emissions were recorded during the vegetation period. We also detected places that can be identified as “hot spots” emitting high
amounts of methane (18,554.9 μmol m-2 h-1). The range of methane emissions was -2.1 mg
C-CH4 m-2 d-1 (gas consumption) to 5,343.8 mg C-CH4 m-2 d-1 (gas release). Annual emissions of
carbon in methane form were within the range of 3.3 to 35 g C-CH4 m-2 year-1. This C-CH4
amounted to 2% to 19% of the total C-CO2 bound by the ecosystem within a year as measured
by the eddy covariance technique (the six-year average of the net ecosystem production is
179 g C m-2 year-1). The methane carbon emissions can represent significant carbon losses
from the wetland in the long-term run. The sedge-grass marsh is nevertheless capable of binding more carbon than is that released in carbon dioxide and methane form together.
Impact of fertilization on plant and soil processes
in wet grasslands
edwards, Keith r.1; Hana Čížková2; eva Kaštovská1; Jiří Barta1; Tomáš Picek1
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, [email protected]
Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
1
2
Field and mesocosm experiments were used to determine the impact of changing management regime (nutrient addition, water level, soil type) on plant-soil interactions in wet grasslands with either organic or mineral soil. Plant (photosynthesis rates, above and belowground
plant biomass and production, nutrient contents and litter decomposition rates) and soil (physical-chemical parameters, total gas emissions, soil CO2 efflux) were measured in both experiments. Microbial community structure was determined only in the mesocosm. There were
weak nutrient effects on photosynthesis rates in both the field and mesocosm plants, but only
for those growing in mineral soil. Early on (first three years), aboveground biomass in the field
sites differed significantly with nutrient addition, but only in the organic soil wet grassland.
These differences disappeared by years five and seven, most likely due to hay removal from
the sites, which minimized the chance of eutrophication. Total gas emissions significantly increased with nutrient addition in both field sites, being most likely due to changes in aboveground plant respiration, since soil CO2 efflux was little affected. Nutrient addition significantly
affected aboveground plant biomass throughout the duration of the mesocosm experiment,
in contrast to the field results. Significant nutrient effects on belowground biomass were observed only in the mesocosm and only at the end of the experiment (after five years). Only a
few soil physical-chemical parameters were significantly affected by nutrient addition in both
the field and mesocosm sites. Plant presence was a more important factor in the mesocosm,
significantly affecting microbial C and N biomass, basal respiration, total gas emissions and
microbial community structure. Soil type was the next important factor, significantly affecting
soil physical-chemical parameters, while water level only weakly affected microbial community
structure. Wet grasslands occurring on organic soils are more sensitive to changing manage-
61
ment practices, at least initially. Other environmental factors, such as site hydrology, may also
govern the response of plant and soil components to management changes. Legacy effects
resulting from past management regimes may also be important.
Invertebrate communities of alluvial groundwaters
in relation with water flow dynamics
español, C.1; yao J. m2; Gerino, m.2; Comin, f. A.1 ; sánchez-Pérez J.m.2; José Luis yela3;
Ane Zabaleta4; Julián Ladera3; fabián Carranza1.
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC). Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
3
Toledo, Spain.
4
48940 Leioa (Basque Country), Spain.
1
2
Alluvial floodplains are rich ecotones from the biological viewpoint in a complex ecosystem
with intense spatial and temporal changes of structure, dimension and connectivity. The aim
of this study is to compare the response of groundwater invertebrate community along lateral
gradients of hydrological connectivity in 4 river floodplains (Bidasoa River, Ebro River, Garonne
River and Tajo River). Groundwater invertebrate samples, water level, and water samples
were quarterly collected in 8-12 piezometers located in each studied floodplain during a year.
The floodplains more connected with the river (Ebro River and Garonne River) showed higher
values of abundance, richness and Shannon diversity index than the floodplains less connected
with the river (Bidasoa River and Tajo River). These diversity indices peaked in sites (i.e.
piezometers) with intermediate hydrological connectivity, mainly in the most connected floodplains. Piezometers located in agricultural areas showed the lowest diversity indices values,
and they were more influenced by irrigation waters than by river waters. A community ordination related to the hydrological characteristics is inferred from multivariate analysis of invertebrate abundances. These results suggest that a hydrodynamic recovery in degraded
floodplains is needed to enhance biodiversity and functionality of the riverine landscape.
Water quality and bacterial diversityin the wetland
Córdoba, Colombia
estupiñán Torres, sandra mónica1; sara Lilia Ávila de navia2
Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca. Grupo Calidad de aguas. [email protected],
[email protected]
1
Wetlands are vital ecosystems for biodiversity conservation and welfare of the human population. The importance of wetlands lies in the values of ecological, hydrological and anthropogenic underpinning: reservoir of plant, fauna and genetic, biomass producers,
environmental protection and soil, regulation of the hydrological system, purification, reservoir water, and maintaining the moist environment. To determine the microbiological quality
30 samples of water in two samples Promote rainy season and one dry season were taken.
Technique was used for membrane filtration and bacterial identification is performed using
rapid tests. Wetland waters Cordoba contain a high number of total coliforms therefore
should not be used for purposes of human and domestic, agricultural or recreational use,
62
the Escherichia coli and Enterococcus presence confirms the fecal contamination in the whole
ecosystem, this contamination is associated with the dumping of sewage into the wetland.
All indicators showed higher counts in time except for rain Aeromonas and Pseudomonas
which have higher counts in the dry season. In many wetland organisms that show bacterial
diversity and provide information for possible use in the field of biotechnology and biological
indications were identified. In addition, bacteria that affects human health that use water
resources were identified.
Ecosystem services-biodiversity relationships depend on land
use type in floodplain agroecosystems
felipe-Lucía, maría r.1*; francisco A. Comín2
1
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC. Av. Nuestra Señora de la Victoria, s/n. 22700 Jaca, Huesca- Av. Montañana
1005, 50192 Zaragoza. Spain. Email: [email protected], [email protected]
Managing agricultural floodplains to meet present and future human requirements without
jeopardizing biodiversity conservation is a challenge for land use planners and ecologists. This
paper aims to disentangle the relationships between ecosystem services and biodiversity in
multifunctional landscapes, such as floodplain agroecosystems, by disaggregating their values
across land use types. We measured eight ecosystem services (gas regulation, soil formation,
nutrient regulation, habitat provision, food provision, raw materials production, education,
and recreation) and six plant diversity indexes (richness, abundance, and true diversity for
both plant species and growth forms) in seven land use types identified in the floodplain of
the River Piedra (Spain). We observed that all land use types provided services to some extent,
but each one was better at providing certain services. Natural or semi-natural habitats provided more services and hosted greater diversity than cultivated land use types. In addition,
five diversity indexes were strongly correlated to at least three ecosystem services each one.
Habitat provision and education were the ecosystem services positively correlating to most
diversity indexes, whereas food provision was negatively correlated to all diversity indexes.
Moreover, analyzing the interactions between ecosystem services and biodiversity across
land use types, we observed that land use type was the controlling factor regarding the sign
and significance of the interaction. The results of this study suggest that policies fostering a
mosaic landscape of different land use types, which contribute to maintaining biodiversity
while using local resources, can provide higher amounts of ecosystem services in river floodplains. Such land use policies might manage agricultural floodplains at the landscape scale
while still being able to accommodate specific measures for each land use type. Moreover,
riparian forests should be preserved and restored across the floodplain as they are hot spots
for biodiversity and ecosystem services provision.
Aquaculture in Veta la Palma (Doñana Natural Area, SW Spain):
a successful coupling of ecological and socio-economic values
fernández-rodríguez, m. J.1; A. Jiménez-rodríguez1; m. medialdea2; n. mazuelos2; L. serrano3
1
2
3
Faculty of Experimental Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain, [email protected]
Pesquerías Isla Mayor, S.A. (PIMSA), Sevilla, Spain, [email protected],
Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain, [email protected]
A two years monitoring study (biweekly sampling for 2009-10) was performed in an aquaculture system which was established in a former marsh zone close to Doñana National Park
63
(SW. Spain) in order to know biogeochemical changes and processes in the water flowing
through this system coupled to the productive and economic benefits it provides. This aquaculture system provides high quality fish production as a result of both active management
and the preservation of natural trophic interactions. The business is economically successful
and provides income to about 100 workers from the surrounding villages. The quality of the
input water from the Guadalquivir river estuary was generally poorer than the effluent water
discharged back into the estuary, particularly regarding total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity
and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Total phosphorous (TP) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen
(DIN) concentrations were slightly higher in the effluent than in the input water though still
well under the waste-water regulation discharge limits. The concentration of all other pollutants under regulation remained undetected or below discharge limits in that surveillance.
The effluent water reflects all production systems for the cultivated species: a) intensive production within the indoor fish hatchery, b) extensive production (mean fish biomass load:
~220 kg ha-1) in each aquaculture pond for shrimp (Palaemonetes varians), eel (Anguilla anguilla) and mullet (Mugil cephalus, Liza ramada), and c) semi-extensive production (mean
fish biomass load: ~104 kg ha-1) within the fish maturing ditches (adjacent to each aquaculture
pond) for sea-bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), sea-bream (Sparus aurata), meagre (Argyrosomus
regius) and sole fish (S. senegalensis). Water flows sequentially through the aquaculture ponds
where nutrients are transformed through biological and chemical processes. Up to 96% of incoming N has been estimated to be recycled within these aquaculture ponds. Both nutrient
uptake by organisms and P-adsorption on sediment particles could explained the low concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) which together with DIN and TP were significantly lower in the outlet water compared to the inlet water flowing into the study ponds.
Despite there was a steady outflow of plankton from the aquaculture ponds, most of the biomass was retained within them as the benthic Chl a was over 10 times larger than planktonic
Chl a. Submerged macrophytes (namely, Ruppia maritima L.) grew extensively in these sites.
Consequently, detritivores are key elements in the trophic web of these ponds where not
only fish but waterbirds also feed on benthic macroinvertebrates and consume about a third
of the biomass produced per year. The hydraulic management of the aquaculture ponds,
which are drained to harvest the fish every 4-5 years and later dredged before starting a new
farming cycle, ensures the renovation of the P-sediment binding capacity which eventually
regulates the phytoplankton growth. The variety of primary producers and the multi-trophic
food web provided by these ponds are also in accordance with an integrated view of aquaculture resources, particularly in such a highly protected area as Doñana.
Variation in the propensity for sexual reproduction
among facultatively sexual rotifer populations inhabiting ponds
with different degree of environmental unpredictability
franch-Gras, Lluis1; eduardo m. García-roger; manuel serra; eva Tarazona; maría José Carmona
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, A.O. 22085,
46071, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
1
The adaptive response of organisms to unpredictable environments has increasingly been
recognized as a central topic in fundamental and applied evolutionary ecology. Monogonont
rotifers, which combine asexual and sexual reproduction, inhabiting small water bodies in
Eastern Spain are a good study model for this topic. Climate in the Mediterranean region
causes randomly-varying environmental conditions, so the persistence of rotifer populations
during unsuitable periods requires life_history traits to match environmental patterns. This
64
is especially true in the monogonont rotifers, where sexual reproduction is linked to the production of resting stages (their only way to survive between growing seasons). The drawback
of sex, however, is that reduces the potential for quick clonal proliferation. However, despite
its importance, the association between life-history variation in natural populations of rotifers
and the degree of habitat unpredictability remains poorly understood. Our hypothesis is that
unpredictability impacts on sex-related rotifer traits, selecting for high propensity for sexual
reproduction in those the more unpredictable environments. To test this hypothesis, assays
have been performed to determine the propensity for sexual reproduction in 270 clones from
nine Brachionus plicatilis populations inhabiting a lagoon complex in Eastern Spain. The degree
of environmental unpredictability in the ponds and lagoons within this complex has been
characterized by satellite imagery analysis, finding them to represent a wide gradient of unpredictability. Clones from different ponds exhibited genetic differences in their propensity
for sexual reproduction, and a positive correlation between pond unpredictability and the
propensity to sexual reproduction of the inhabiting clones was observed (i.e. the more unpredictable the pond, the earlier the sex). These results suggest the ability of rotifer populations to locally adapt to changing environments, what is of great importance for biodiversity
conservation under a predicted scenario of global increase in environmental variability.
Tell me what you eat and I’ll tell you what you impact: invasive
species’ diet trigger trophic cascades in aquatic ecosystems
Gallardo, Belinda1; miguel Clavero1; marta sánchez1; montserrat Vilà1
1
Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC). Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n. Isla de la Cartuja. 41092, Sevilla.
Aquatic ecosystems are characterized by strong trophic links that can be profoundly disturbed by the loss or the introduction of species, whose impacts propagate up and down
the food web. However, because the majority of investigations evaluating the impacts of
aquatic invaders have been small-scale studies focused on particular invaders and single
functional groups, it is difficult to determine if and to which extent are the cascading impacts
of aquatic invasions universal. This study aims to gather all the available scientific evidence
about the ecological and environmental cascading impacts triggered by aquatic invasive
species with the objective to discriminate the impact of invaders by their trophic position
(primary producer, filter-collector, omnivore and predator). To that end, we conducted a
meta-analysis based on 152 published studies from which we retrieved 678 records. We covered a total 70 invasive species with broad representation of fish (N=24), plants (N=23), mollusks (N=10) and crustaceans (N=6). Overall, invasive species caused a strong decrease on
the richness (estimate=-0.40; Confidence Interval: -0.69,-0.11) and abundance (estimate=0.34; CI: -0.57,-0.11) of aquatic communities. As expected, the effects of aquatic invasion
were dependent on the trophic position of the invader. Primary producers significantly reduced the abundance of fish and produced a notable decrease in benthic inverts, probably
because of the lack of appropriate habitat for foraging. Habitat engineers such as filter-collectors produced a very large increase in the abundance and richness of benthic invertebrates
and very large increase in the abundance of macrophytes; but their filtering activity largely
reduced the abundance of planktonic communities. Omnivores led to very large reduction
in the abundance and richness of macrophytes, and a small decrease in the richness of benthic invertebrates. The response of aquatic communities to predation was very variable, although all functional groups showed a tendency to decrease in richness and abundance. By
combining multiple trophic and functional levels, this comprehensive study reveals new insights into cascading impacts of invasive species on aquatic ecosystems.
65
Bet hedging for variability in diapause duration
in a monogonont rotifer first-produced resting eggs
have increased probability of longer diapause
García-roger, eduardo m. 1; Carlos martínez2; manuel serra3; maría José Carmona4
1
2
3
4
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva. Universitat de València (Spain). [email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Understanding the adaptive responses that allow species to live in unpredictable environments is essential for assessing how they persist and may respond to future environmental
change. Rotifers are common inhabitants of temporary water bodies undergoing more or
less predictable episodes of desiccation. To overpass such adverse periods rotifers typically
produce diapause, resting eggs, which often show within-population variation in the duration
of their diapause period. Such behaviour has been suggested to be a bet-hedging strategy
(i.e., a genotype would reduce the risk of complete recruitment failure in an unpredictable
environment by spreading hatching over several growing seasons). Notwithstanding, despite
the well-developed theory for bet-hedging evolution in the timing of exiting diapause, empirical evidence supporting this is still scarce. This is mainly due to the difficulties in testing
the requirements to properly identify bet hedging. According to recent reviews, these requirements are: (1) wide phenotypic variation in the trait, and (2) maternal control over offspring phenotype. In this contribution we revisit the concept of bet hedging and its
relationship with other types of adaptive response to environmental change. Moreover,
based on a laboratory experiment we propose a mechanistic model of bet hedging for variability in diapause duration in rotifers. We studied a lab population of the rotifer Brachionus
plicatilis founded from a natural population inhabiting a small lake (Salobralejo, inland Eastern Spain). Not all the viable diapuse eggs of this population hatch when exposed to inducing
conditions. The lake has a variable inter-annual hydroperiod regime and intermediate resting
egg-hatching rates. We tracked the offspring of controlled crosses within clonal lineages of
this population and tested for differences in diapause duration due to (1) clone effect (controlling for genetic polymorphism), (2) mother age, and (3) resting egg laying order (i.e., a
proxy of maternal physiological age), the last two being covariates which we predicted to
account for maternal effects. We found that the first resting eggs produced by rotifer females
exhibited longer diapauses than resting eggs produced later. Our results show the existence
of maternal control on the duration of diapause in rotifer resting eggs and suggest that variation in this trait results from the evolution of a bet-hedging strategy.
The use of lipids as an energy storage strategy
for taxa inhabiting climatic-contrasted habitats:
Mediterranean vs. high mountain temporary ponds
Gascón, stéphanie1; dani Boix1; Ana inés Borthagaray2; Jordi sala1; matias Arim3; núria
Àvila1; susana romo4; rocío López-flores5; Xavier d. Quintana1
Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Spain, [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
2
Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social (CICS), Univ. del Desarrollo, Chile, [email protected]
1
66
3
Sección Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, Univ. de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay,
[email protected]
4
Area de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Valencia, Spain, [email protected]
5
Area de Ecología, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain, [email protected]
Lipid accumulation has been usually related to an energy storage strategy. Thus, scarce nutrient availability induces algal lipid production, increasing at their turn zooplankton lipid
concentration. But organisms’ lipid content not only depends on nutrient availability, because its foraging dynamics and biological traits may also influence the lipid content. Therefore, environmental characteristics, as well as organisms’ biological traits, may affect
organism lipid content. However which of these factors (environmental vs. biological traits)
is the main responsible of taxa lipid content is already unsolved, but of high relevance when
analyzing food web functioning. Thus, we present a first approach performed exclusively
in temporary ponds with a climatic-contrasted situation: lowland Mediterranean (12 ponds)
vs. high mountain (10 ponds). We have selected these systems because high mountain
aquatic habitats usually had lower nutrient availability than lowland systems, and so we
expected a lower lipid concentration on lowland organisms. Lipid content was estimated
using the C:N ratio, and was calculated for the whole aquatic community (from cladocerans
to amphibians). Unexpectedly, we did not observe differences in the lipid concentration of
the organisms between systems. Moreover, our results suggest that the biological traits
had a higher influence on organisms’ lipid content than the environmental conditions.
Veronica anagallis-aquatica as a bioindicator for selenium
in watercourses
Germ, mateja1; urša remic1; Vekoslava stibilj2
1
Department of Biology, Biotechnical faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, Slovenia, email:
2
Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, email: [email protected]
There is a widespread discharge of soluble selenium (Se) from industrial and agricultural
sources. Part of Se supplemented to feed is used by animal body and a part is spilled or excreted and pass to the environment. There is scarce information about the amount of Se
in natural watercourses and macrophytes. V. anagallis-aquatica is amphibious plant, growing in stagnant and slowly flowing waters. We measured Se concentration in the samples
of water, sediment and V. anagallis-aquatica. We chose 12 locations in watercourses with
different land use in their catchment areas. The total Se in plant samples, water and sediments was measured with ICP-MS. The amount of Se was less than 0.12 ng/mL in waters
and less than 0.65 µg/g in sediments. The concentration of Se in leaves ranged from 0.03
µg/g to 0.32 µg/g. The highest amount of Se was found in sediments and macrophytes from
the Žerovniščica stream in site 1 out of 4 on that stream, which is located in the middle of
the village. The Žerovniščica stream flows along a village, dairy farms and fields. Additional
study is needed to confirm the usefulness of V. anagallis-aquatica for bioindication for Se
in Slovenian watercourses.
67
Growth and nutrients uptake of perennial crops
and spontaneous vegetation in a Mediterranean drained
peatland: preliminary results.
Giannini, Vittoria1; nicola silvestri2; Tiziana sabbatini1; Chiara Pistocchi1,3; enrico Bonari1
1
Institute of Life Sciences - Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento, Via Santa Cecilia
3- 5612, PISA(IT), [email protected]
2
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment–University of Pisa, PISA (IT), [email protected]
3
Group of Plant Nutrition - ETH Zurich, Lindau (CH), [email protected]
Combining peatland rewetting with biomass cropping (paludiculture) is one of the strategies
to remove nutrient surpluses from water and stimulate peat-forming vegetation. The basin
of Massaciuccoli lake (Tuscany, central Italy) is a coastal floodplain, artificially drained for agricultural purposes since 1930s. The draining and exploitation of the land for intensive agricultural use has largely degraded the peat status in the area. In fact, the most relevant issues
are: (i) the eutrophication of the lake due to nutrients enrichment (especially phosphorus) in
surface- and ground-water and (ii) the subsidence due to compaction and mineralization of
peat. An experimental trial was set up in spring 2012 on three perennial rhizomatous grasses
(Phragmites australis, Miscanthus _ giganteus, Arundo donax), two woody short-rotationcoppice species (Salix alba, Populus ‘Oudenberg’), two turfgrasses (a mix of Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne and Poa prantensis; Paspalum vaginatum). In 2013, for all species, we
measured: (i) dry matter production, (ii) nutrients concentrations (N and P) and (iii) nutrients
uptake. Among the grasses, Arundo showed the highest yield (38.4 t/ha d.m) and nutrients
uptake (N: 522.2 kg/ha, P: 30.7 kg/ha), while Phragmites showed the highest nutrient tissue
concentrations (N: 2.42%, P: 0.13%). The contribution of weeds on biomass production was
not negligible.
Capturing the aquatic breath: Examining ecological variations,
diurnal fluctuations and extrapolations of CO2 and CH4 fluxes
from small aquatic systems in Druridge Bay, England.
Gilbert, Peter1; michael Jeffries1; dave Cooke; michael deary; Geoff Abbott; scott Taylor
1
Department of Geography, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST. [email protected]
Small ponds are highly productive systems and cumulatively have the potential to play an important role in global carbon (C) cycling. Whilst organic C burial rates are amongst the highest
in the world, high fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) in temporal ponds and methane (CH4) in permanent anoxic systems frequently render small aquatic water bodies as net C sources rather
than sinks. Previous research shows organic C content within the sediments of small water
bodies varies significantly among varying ecological characterisations. Given the heterogeneous nature of ponds across the landscape it is highly likely that their flux rates will also be
equally variable. Floating chambers and a portable FT-IR were used to measure the diurnal
fluctuations of CO2 and CH4 from a field of replicate ponds in Druridge Bay, England. Fluctuations varied significantly between ponds in which vegetation variations were the controlling
factor causing considerable implications for upscaling the carbon capture potential of wetland
systems based solely on spot measurements and disregarding subtle ecological variations between individual pond systems.
68
Wetlands restoration and creation for European mink:
Ten years of work in Navarre (Spain)
Giralda Carrera, Gloria
Navarra’s Government, [email protected]
The European Mink Population in Navarra is one of the most important in the world. This
specie is critically endangered according to IUCN. That’s why Navarra’s Government has been
working in wetlands creation and restoration for the last ten years. We have implied all the
sectors involved: Councils, environmental groups, Confederations River Water, neighbours,
etc. Getting new habitats for European mink means more habitats for biodiversity and less
problems for villages, because we get more space for water and therefore there is less flood
problems in the villages. Special effort has been made with wetlands surrounding river system
Arga-Aragón, which is part of Natura 2000 Network, where we have the highest density of
European mink known in the world. For financing we have raised own funds, private sponsors
and european projects like Interreg or LIFE Nature: we are working right now in the second
LIFE project. In this way we’ve got more breeding space for our minks, while we have made
people turn around to existing and new wetlands and realize how important they are. As a
conclusion we must emphasize the importance of approaching these types of works from a
global perspective, taking into account all sectors involved.
Using Linear Discriminant Analysis to predict restoration
success in peatlands
González, eduardo1,2,3,4; Line rochefort1,5; stephanie Boudreau1,6; monique Poulin1,5
1
2
3
4
5
6
Peatland Ecology Research Group, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada, [email protected]
Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS; EcoLab; 31062 Toulouse, France,
CNRS; EcoLab; 31062 Toulouse, France
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver. Denver, CO 80209 USA
Northern Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, GIV 0A6, Canada
Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association, Riviere du Loup, QC, G5R 3Y7 Canada
We used peatlands restored after horticultural peat extraction in eastern Canada to test a
methodological approach that predicts restoration success within the first few years after rehabilitation. Vegetation in a total of 152 plots in 41 post-restored peatlands was monitored
every second years since starting at the third year post-restoration. The plots were clustered
in three restoration outcome categories: Sphagnum-dominated, bare peat-dominated and
Polytrichum-dominated, according to their characteristic vegetation composition at the time
of the latest survey for each plot (4 to 11 years post-restoration). Then, vegetation composition of these 152 plots assessed at the earliest survey (that is, three years post-restoration),
along with associated key environmental and management variables (meteorological,
drainage, fertilization) were analyzed using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to obtain the
combination of parameters that best discriminated between the restoration outcome categories. LDA correctly classified 71% of the plots of a calibration database (for which 75% of
the plots were used) and 75% of a validation database (for which 25% of the plots were used)
into the three outcome categories. Such a LDA model provides an unequivocal (i.e., one new
plot assigned to one and only one restoration outcome category) prediction of success based
on multiple but simple, easily recognizable indicators and spares managers the complex task
of interpreting many individual predictors for establishing a clear diagnosis.
69
Development of hydroecological guidelines for Scottish wetlands
Goodyer, emma1; Johan schutten1; debbie spray2; Kenny mcdougall3
1
2
3
Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Stirling Office, Castle Business Park, Stirling, FK9 4TF
Scottish Natural Heritage, Battleby, Redgorton, Perth, PH1 3EW
EnviroCentre Ltd, Registered Office, Craighall Business Park, 8 Eagle Street, Glasgow, G4 9XA
Protecting the ecosystem services that wetlands provide through regulation requires a conceptual understanding of wetland types and a set of generic standards or threshold values
for these wetland types. Generic, wetland-type-specific standards or threshold values can
be used to determine the likelihood that a proposed activity will have a detrimental impact
on a nearby wetland and, thus, will impair the ecosystem services that wetland delivers. The
application of these specific standards requires an improved understanding of how the wetlands function hydrologically and how they are affected by the management of the surrounding landscape. There exists already a good conceptual understanding of generic sensitivities
for the wetlands that occur in lowland England and Wales, however, the complex geology
and hydrology of Scotland means that functionality of wetlands in a Scottish landscape were,
until now, poorly understood. The analysis of data from a five year national monitoring project has allowed the establishment of hydroecological thresholds for Scottish wetlands. These
thresholds inform the connection between water derived pressures and wetland impacts,
improving the effectiveness of our legislative framework, enabling better protection for the
wider water environment and informing future strategies for wetland management and conservation. This project was funded by DEFRA, managed by Sniffer, carried out by EnviroCentre Ltd and supported by the UK Technical Advisory Group of ER37.
Impacts of management on the biodiversity and chemistry
of farmland ponds
Greaves, H. 1; C. sayer2; H. Bennion3; J. Axmacher4; i. Patmore5
1
Environmental Change Research Centre (ECRC), UCL Department of Geography, Pearson Building, Gower Street,
London WC1E 6BT, [email protected]
2
[email protected]
3
[email protected]
4
[email protected]
5
[email protected]
The agricultural landscapes of eastern England are dotted with ponds at a density >10
ponds/km2. However, these ponds are often overlooked as resources for biodiversity, despite
agri-environment schemes encouraging regular pond management through tree and sediment removal. Agricultural pondscapes are therefore currently dominated by overgrown,
highly terrestrialised ponds. Detailed studies on the possible conservation benefits of management on terrestrialised ponds are largely lacking. To fill this research gap, we studied
two ponds at advanced stages of succession before and after restoration with a focus on
short-term changes in water chemistry and ecology. Pond management comprised the partial removal of surrounding terrestrial vegetation and of pond sediments in 2011. Monitoring
of these ponds and of a third pond as a control was conducted for 17 months pre- and two
years post-management, with a focus on physicochemical properties of the water column,
macrophytes, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates and amphibians. Pond management practices significantly altered pond water chemistry. Pronounced oxygen stratification was
70
recorded prior to restoration, whereas post-restoration, oxygen reached high concentrations
throughout the water column. Additionally, biodiversity was enhanced across multiple taxa.
We conclude that pond management plays an important role in increasing aquatic biodiversity within intensively farmed agricultural land.
Groundwater and its relationship to wetlands
at Jucar Pilot River Basin
Grima, J.; Bruno José Ballesteros; José manuel murillo; Juan José durán
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME). Unidad de Valencia. [email protected], [email protected],
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) provides the legal and regulatory framework for sustainable use of water resources in Europe. The Directive requires Member States to achieve
good status for all EU waters by 2015, mainly through the development and implementation
of River Basin Management Plans. Wetland ecosystems play an important role in the accomplishment of sustainable river basin management. However, WFD does not set the role wetlands should have to achieve the environmental objectives. In the framework of a Common
Implementation Strategy (CIS) of the WFD all Member States and Norway agreed on May
2001 to develop a number of Pilot River Basins to check the issues developed in Guidance
Documents (GD’s). In Spain, the GD’s were evaluated in the territorial area of the Júcar River
Basin District. The Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), in collaboration with the Environment
Ministry, characterised 68 wetlands in Jucar Demarcation. Aiming to provide a sound scientific basis to evaluate wetland contribution to river basin management decisions, IGME has
selected 22 out of them where additional studies are being carried out. As stated by the
Water Framework Directive, wetlands are not considered water bodies, although many of
them are groundwater dependent ecosystems. To establish their hydrogeological framework, conceptual models to determine the nature and geometry of the geologic formations
that constitute their physical support have been elaborated. The first step has been the identification of those ecosystems that require access to groundwater on a permanent or intermittent basis to guarantee its functionality. At the same time, quantitative and qualitative
evaluations are being made by means of different types of wetlands field surveys. The ultimate objective is the establishment of environmental guidelines for management and
ecosystem protection.
Understanding of socio-economic and traditional values
of Manguzi Wetlands (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) as
a pre-condition for their conservation, restoration and wise use
Guerrero moreno, naret1; dianne scott2; Johannes Kollmann1; Jan sliva1
Chair of Restoration Ecology, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany.
[email protected]
2
School of Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu Natal, 4041 Durban, South Africa.
[email protected]
1
Interdunal wetlands in the surroundings of Manguzi have long been used for subsistence
and semi-commercial farming by local communities. Recently unsustainable farming prac-
71
tices are leading to wetland degradation. Understanding the local socio-economic characteristics and the community’s understanding of the functioning and value of wetlands would
be the basis for sustainable use and conservation. Thus, a structured survey of 65 farming
households on 17 wetlands was conducted in 2013 to gather information about socio-economic characteristics, the ownership, use and value of wetland resources. The results show
that most wetland farmers are mid-age women dedicated to subsistence farming. They prefer wetlands for their higher fertility compared to the sandy soils in the surroundings. Local
wetlands provide multiple values to the local community, including land and water for farming and firewood, and also socio-cultural values. The farmers indicated their willingness to
learn alternative farming techniques. The study therefore concludes that for sustainable
wetland use, a better understanding of the traditional farming practices and their ecological
limitations is necessary. From the farmers’ willingness to learn alternative farming techniques, the implementation of practical demonstration projects and training on wise use of
wetlands in the close cooperation with the Local Tribal Authority is recommended.
Does importance of chironomids as indicators of pond
diversity change along environmental gradients?
Hamerlík, Ladislav1; milan novikmec2; marek svitok2; richard Hrivnák3; michal Hlávek2; Judita Kochjarová4; Zuzana matúšová2; Jozef oboňa5; Helena oťaheľová3; Peter PaľoveBalang6; Barbora reduciendo-Klementová2; radovan stupák2; marta Veselská2; Andrea
Zapriháčová2
1
Department of Biology and Ecology, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, SK-97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia,
[email protected]
2
Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-96053 Zvolen,
3
Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovakia,
[email protected]
4
Botanical Garden-detached unit, Comenius University, Blatnica 315, SK-03815Blatnica, Slovakia,
[email protected]
5
Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov in Presov, Ul. 17 novembra č. 1, SK-081 16
Prešov, Slovakia, [email protected]
6
Institute of Biological and Ecological Sciences, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-040 01 Košice,
Aquatic biodiversity studies often exclude non-biting midges (Chironomidae) from the analysis
because of their difficult identification and increased costs of sample processing; many times
chironomids are assigned to subfamily or family-level only. Within the framework of BIOPOND
project (www.biopond.sk), we collected an extensive material of aquatic invertebrates (including chironomids) from ponds representing various geographical and environmental conditions all over Slovakia. We were interested in the relationship of chironomid diversity (1)
and proportion of chironomids on the total biodiversity (2) to main environmental gradients.
In total, the 80 chironomid taxa recorded made up more than 30% of the total macroinvertebrate diversity and chironomids represented an average of 40% of taxa per site. Even though
chironomid diversity and its share on total diversity showed some trends along the main environmental gradients, the correlations of chironomid diversity with variables were weak and
insignificant. This result suggests that it is difficult to predict, if higher or lower proportion of
chironomids on total diversity indicate certain environmental conditions of ponds and vice
versa. The present project was funded by the Slovak Research and Development Agency, contract No. APVV-0059-11
72
Carbon stocks and flows in mangroves
of the Yucatan Peninsula, research and monitoring
Herrera-silveira, Jorge1; Teutli-Hernández Claudia2; Caamal-sosa Juan; Zaldívar Jiménez Arturo3; Pech daniel; Andueza Tersa; Pérez-Ceballos rosela3; Adame Vivanco, ma. fernanda4;
Hernández Héctor5; Torres ricardo6
1
CINVESTAV-IPN Centro de Investigación y de estudios avanzados del instituto politécnico Nacional Unidad
Mérida. Km 6 antigua carretera a Progreso, Mérida Yucatán Méxic CP 97310. Autor para correspondencia [email protected].
2
Facultad de Biología, Depto. De Ecología, Universidad de Barcelona.
3
GoM/UNIDO-ATEC
4
Universidad de Griffith, Australia.
5
CECOSUR. Chetumal.
6
CUniversidad de Quintana Roo.
In the Yucatan Peninsula (YP) hydrogeological nature, karst soils, the frequency of storms
and hurricanes, as well as the absence of surface water flow and flat topography make mangrove ecosystem with unique and different from other regions of the Neotropics. The mangroves of the Yucatan Peninsula represent the largest area in Mexico with 55% of the total,
where the dwarf mangrove type is the most important for their extension. Research on carbon stock and flows in mangroves of YP has been developing for over 10 years, and important
advances have been done on the knowledge of these ecosystems. Investigations have focused on the structure and productivity of different ecological types of mangroves under
different environmental conditions along the YP scenarios and studies associated with C
stores, ecosystem services, and vulnerability to sea level rise, as well as strategies for ecological restoration with strong social participation.
Testing of horizontal and vertical cw’s with mixed matrices of
woodchips and mussel shells for removal of nutrients
in agricultural drainage water
Hoffmann, Carl Christian1; Charlotte Kjaergaard2
1
2
Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Vejlsoevej 25, 8600 Silkeborg Denmark, [email protected]
Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark, [email protected]
The research project SUPREME-TECH initiated in 2010 aims at developing and testing constructed wetlands for treating agricultural drainage water. Six subsurface flow CW’s with
the dimensions 10 by 10 m and 1 m in depth and with filter beds consisting of a matrix of
crushed mussel shells and willow woodchips were built and put into operation in autumn
2012. The first two cw’s had horizontal flow, the next two had vertical upward flow and
the latter two had vertical downward flow. All six units were connected to a 85 ha drainage
upland. The horizontal units performed best with an annual removal of TN amounting to
54-55 % of the load, which was around 1.5 kg N m-2 y-1. The removal for vertical units
amounted to 44-48 % of the load.
73
Hitchhikers, paragliders and active flyers–the role of dispersal
mode in small and large scale spatial patterns
of aquatic invertebrates
Horváth, Zsófia1; Csaba f. Vad2; Pál Boda3; Arnold móra4; Adrienn Tóth4; robert Ptacnik1
1
WasserCluster Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, AT-3293, Lunz am See, Austria;
[email protected]; [email protected]
2
Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected]
3
Department of Tisza River Research, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Bem tér 18/C, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary; [email protected]
4
Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3, H-8237, Tihany, Hungary; [email protected]; [email protected]
Dispersal traits represent key aspects of metacommunity dynamics. We tested for the role
of dispersal limitation in communities of zooplankton (passive dispersers) and aquatic insects
(active dispersers) at two distinct spatial scales, using two independent datasets of the same
habitat type (intermittent soda pans). On small scale, stronger spatial signals were visible in
passive dispersers than in active, while this difference reversed on the large spatial scale. We
concluded that the success of dispersal modes (active vs. passive) was scale-dependent. Over
shorter scale, active dispersal was less limited, while passive dispersers showed stronger spatial signals. Besides, we detected small scale directional similarity patterns in the passive communities, corresponding to the main wind direction, which indicated the strong role of
directional wind dispersal. Conversely, on the large scale, passive dispersal (presumably by
waterbirds) exhibited less spatial limitation than active dispersal. We conclude that analyses
of spatial community patterns should try to differentiate not only between dispersal modes
but also dominant dispersal vectors, allowing better insight into metacommunity patterns
both on small and large scales.
Assessing the role of amphibians as surrogates for pond
biodiversity
ilg, Christiane1; demierre, eliane2; diz salgado, Carmen3; oertli, Beat4
University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, hepia, 150 rte de Presinge, CH-1254 Jussy-GE, Switzerland.
Email: [email protected]
2
[email protected]
3
1
Surrogate taxa are widely used as indicators for biodiversity in conservation biology, as resources for extensive survey are often limited. In Switzerland, about 800 amphibian breading
sites are classified as being of national importance and enjoy a national protection status.
Here we aimed at assessing whether ponds belonging to these sites could also contribute to
the conservation of several other taxonomic groups (aquatic plants, dragonflies, aquatic beetles and molluscs). Correlations between the species richness, conservation values and species
composition of the targeted taxonomic groups and the amphibians were calculated for 93
permanent and temporary Swiss lowland ponds. Overall, a weak concordance was found between species richness and conservation values of the amphibians and the other groups.
Species composition also showed a low degree of congruence, as evidenced by Procrustean
analyses. Our study illustrates the importance of considering several taxonomic groups in
order to evaluate the importance of ponds for biodiversity conservation.
74
Flood, drought and the plough: inter-annual variation
to the number and extent of ponds in an English lowland
landscape over three years of weather extremes.
Jeffries, michael
Department of Geography, Ellison Building, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. [email protected]
The numbers of ponds and wetlands in intensively managed landscapes have declined significantly throughout the world. Estimates of losses have usually been derived from maps but
maps under-estimate the number of ponds because of (1) minimum size thresholds for features to be recorded, (2) cartographers not detecting temporary habitats and (3) variation
between years. To explore such variations this study presents an audit of the changing number
and extent of ponds recorded by field surveys on a lowland farm in north east England. Surveys were made every 2-3 months between November 2010 and November 2014. The study
coincided with a sequence of extreme weather including winter drought (2011/12) and an
unusually wet summer (2012). The number and extent of ponds varied significantly between
seasons and years, ranging from 12 to 105 in the ~1km2 survey area. These changes were
correlated with rainfall. Variation was most marked for ponds in arable and pasture fields. All
pond types supported distinct plant communities, contributing to local β diversity. Rainfall
variation and ploughing significantly affected the abundance of plant species, although not
their overall incidence. These results provide an unusually fine-grained insight into the temporal dynamics of small wetlands and the impact of short-term climate variation.
Wetlands and their contribution to Sustainable Human
Development: Opportunities for improvement the life´s
quality in rural population. Three Cases study
in National Natural Parks in Colombia.
Jiménez Castilla, T. ; netty Huertas
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, [email protected], [email protected]
Colombia is a country rich in biodiversity, is one of the countries with greater availability of
water resources of the planet, has 58 protected areas comprising National Natural Parks
(NNP), distributed throughout the country, representing 9.98% of land territory and 1.48%
of the ocean. In this article we have chosen three of these parks (the Cave of the Guácharos,
Sanquianga and Sumapaz) which have common characteristics: engaged in tourism, initiate
the process of using alternative energy and wetlands. These cases are analyzed from the integrating elements of the concept of Sustainable Human Development (socio-cultural and
economic environmental aspects). First, we review the normative aspects in Colombia; then,
it will be emphasized not only the wealth and diversity of wetlands, but in the social, cultural
and economic aspects of communities that are associated with these parks. Finally, it is concluded on the progress of the program of Community Ecotourism in the country. The results
show that the national government has programs for community involvement in economic
activities such as tourism to be developed on the NNP, but still needs further strengthening
in the areas of infrastructure and training, to achieve Sustainable Human Development.
75
Can the biological and physical-chemical features of water be the
indicator of type of land use and origin of small water bodies?
Joniak T.1 ; natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen1
1
Department of Water Protection, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology,
Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska str. 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, [email protected]
Small water bodies create an important biogeochemical barrier, which effectively restricts
the free migration of mineral and organic substances. The significant role of small water
bodies has greater practical meaning for the planning of landscape management when considering how to control the processes of self-cleansing the environment. This work presents
the results of an examination of physical-chemical parameters of water together with an
analysis of the chlorophyll-a concentration in more than 300 small water bodies situated in
natural and anthropogenically changed landscape (direct catchment) and of three groups
of origin: natural – glacial, oxbows, and artificial (as clay-pits). There were zones of open
water considered in examination. Water samples were taken during the summers of 20042012. Aim of study was find answer for question, about some parameter or group of parameters possibilities use in role of indicator of type of landscape and origin of small water
bodies. 12 parameters were used for the characteristics of the aquatic environment including
dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, light conditions measured directly at the sampling sites
and analysed in the laboratory: total phosphorus, total phosphates, nitrate, ammonium,
total hardness, colour, DOM and chlorophyll. Trophic state was evaluated based on TSI. The
studies were supported by the grant: NN302042739.
Sediment accumulation in glacially created kettle holes
on arable land, Uckermark, NE Germany
Kalettka, Thomas1; marielle neyen1; uwe-Karsten schkade2; Andreas Kleeberg3
1
Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Institute of Landscape Hydrology, Eberswalder Str. 84,
D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany, [email protected]
2
Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Köpenicker Allee 120, D-10318 Berlin, Germany, [email protected]
3
State Laboratory Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Geology, Soil and Waste, Stahnsdorfer Damm 77, D-14632
Kleinmachnow, Germany, [email protected]
In number and cumulative surface area, small inland water bodies such as glacially created
kettle holes are dominant landscape features on both local and global scale. However, the
coupling of physical and biogeochemical processes in kettle holes has received little attention,
compared to larger and deeper lakes. Sedimentation, sediment accumulation and composition were studied in two permanently water-filled kettle holes on arable land near the villages
Kraatz (volume 3998 m3, area 2689 m2) and Rittgarten (1797 m3, 1459 m2) in the county Uckermark, about 80 km north of Berlin, Germany. The sedimentation rate, determined by sedimentation traps, decreased with the decreasing water level during growing season. The
downward flux of matter, particularly carbon, fueled the mineralization, i.e. the sulfate reduction as indicated by massive sulfate consumption in the water body. Core dating (210Pb,
137
Cs) revealed a non-equidistant sediment accretion rate which is attributed to different activities and erosional inputs from the agriculturally used catchments. Respective sediment
composition (µm X-ray fluorescence), e.g. Fe, Ca, K, was related to agricultural practices in
the local catchments. Hence, increased rates of sedimentation from agriculture provide a
transport mechanism for agriculturally used components, and shorten the topographic life
from sediment infilling, which degrade the ecological functions of kettle holes.
76
Greenhouse gas emissions from tropical peatlands
in French Guiana
Kasak, K.1; Järvi Järveoja1; martin maddison1; mikk espenberg1; Ülo mander1
1
University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Tartu, Estonia ([email protected])
This study was aimed to analyse greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, CH4) emissions from tropical peatlands in French Guiana (South America). Two study sites were analysed in October 2013, one
undisturbed peatland and one peatland with drainage influence. Measurements of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using static chambers, groundwater analysis, gas and peat sampling for further laboratory analysis were made. In both study sites 3 transects along the
groundwater depth gradient and 3 rows of sampling sites were established. In each transect
GHG emissions were measured during 3 days in 6 sessions. Emissions of CO2-C, N2O-N and
CH4-C were significantly (p<0.05) different between undisturbed and disturbed peatlands
(median values 208.6 and 143.5 mg m-2 h-1 for CO2-C; -0.2 and 8.3 μg m-2 h-1 for N2O; 3865.5
and 5.5 μg m-2 h-1 for CH4-C, respectively). The study showed very high GHG emissions from
tropical peatlands and a clear relationship between the emission and water level. In addition,
methane emissions from tropical peatlands might be seriously underestimated. Also, additional analysis will be conducted on the relationship between CH4 emissions and the expression of functional genes mcrA, pmoA, and dsrAB regulating methanogenesis.
How to enhance animal diversity of ponds
used for carp culture
Kloskowski, Janusz1; marek nieoczym2
1
Department of Nature Conservation, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University,
Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; e-mail: [email protected]
2
Department of Zoology, Animal Ecology and Hunting, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-033 Lublin,
Poland; e-mail: [email protected]
Carp pond farming is a dominant sector of freshwater aquaculture in Central and Eastern
Europe. The shallow, open carp ponds have the potential to be compatible with natural animal populations. We examined correlates of amphibian and avian diversity with respect to
pond management practices in common carp Cyprinus carpio ponds in SE Poland. Individual
size of stocked fish was the strongest predictor of diversity, with the highest values noted in
ponds with young-of-the-year (fry) carp. However, owing to specific water temperature requirements, these ponds are typically filled with water later in the season than those with
older fish; moreover, fishpond operators strive to fill the ponds shortly prior to stocking, to
preclude development of potential zooplankton predators of fish. Compared to ponds filled
in early spring, ponds filled later (late May-June) could not be used by early breeding amphibians, and waterbirds could colonise them only for late breeding attempts. Irrespective
of fish size, pond cover by emergent vegetation was positively related to amphibian and
avian diversities. Since in EU countries pond farming associated with environmentally-sensitive management may be included in agri-environment programmes, we recommend providing incentives to encourage the biodiversity-friendly practices of early filling of fry ponds
and preservation of emergent vegetation beds.
77
Modern challenges in wetlands management in the case
of ponds and oxbow lakes restoration in Slovenia
Koren, Aleksander1; matej simčič2
1
The Institute of the Republic of Slovenia for Nature conservation, Tobačna ulica 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, [email protected], 2 [email protected]
Wetlands are one of the most endangered habitats in Slovenia. Especially ponds (small stagnant water bodies, almost exclusively in karst areas) and oxbow lakes (remains of river meanders, usually in flat landscape) which are gradually but surely disappearing are of
exceptional importance to endangered, rare and threatened animal and plant species. Despite different formation processes and predominant former use, ponds and oxbow lakes
have a lot in common. Their primary use/purpose has changed because of rapid change in
use of space during the last decades or centuries. Nowadays they represent one of the last
shelters for water dependent animal and plant species. At the same time wetlands and its
biodiversity are threatened by increasing number of threats (intensive fish farming, implementation of fisheries, constant presence of human, overgrowing, introduction of allochtonous and/or invasive species, pollution, intensive farming). Majority of these
activities/actions is in strong contrast with the ecological needs of animal and plant species
that live in the wetlands. In response to these facts, the Institute of the Republic of Slovenia
for Nature Conservation launched the LIFE+ Nature project called WETMAN (Conservation
and Management of Freshwater Wetlands in Slovenia). With crucial field actions (ponds and
oxbow lakes restoration) being already carried out, we are currently putting our efforts in
intensive communication with crucial stakeholders. On the one hand, we are trying to
awaken the sense of importance of the wetlands among the people. On the other hand we
are trying to integrate nature conservation guidelines into national sector plans, which will
ensure a sustainable development of project areas.
Experiences gained from 2 years with mandatory 10 m buffer
strips along all Danish watercourses: do we know enough
to evaluate their ecosystem services?
Kronvang, Brian1; flemming Gertz4; Annette Baattrup-Pedersen1; Gitte rubæk2; Goswin
Heckrath2; Henning Jensen5; sara egemose5; Carl Christian Hoffmann1; Tommy dalgaard2;
søren B. olsen3; Henrik B. møller6; irene Wiborg4; marc stutter7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University
Department of Food and Resource Economics, Conpenhagen University
Knowledge Centre for Agriculture, Denmark
Department of Biology, Southern Danish University
Department of Engineering, Aarhus University
The James Hutton Institute, UK
The Danish Parliament adopted in June 2012 a Buffer Strip Act that required 10 m mandatory
buffer strips (BSs) to be established along all watercourses and lakes with a surface area
greater than 100 m2 from 1st September 2012. The main reasons for deploying BSs was to
reduce nitrate-N leaching and phosphorus loss via surface runoff from adjoining fields from
78
the approximately 50,000 ha of BSs as no farming was allowed in the BS concerning use of
fertilizer, manure, pesticides, etc. Buffer strips are among the most well studied and frequently adapted mitigation measure for reducing sediment and P losses to surface waters
via surface runoff. It has, however, been questioned if BSs can also reduce N losses. The international literature gives an overwhelming support to their functioning for reduction in
sediment and especially particulate P losses. However, their functioning for dissolved P and
nitrogen is more questionable when comparing studies from the international literature. In
Denmark, many farmers were against the introduction of BSs as a general mitigation measure
for several reasons. The most used argument in the public debate was that BSs in general
are not very efficient for reducing N and P losses to surface waters which was originally the
argument behind the law from the Ministries of Environment and Food and Agriculture. A
desk study had been made prior to the adaptation of the law that showed 10 m BSs to be
able to reduce the N loading with 40-50 kg N ha-1 of BS and 0.04-0.4 kg P ha-1 BS. The total
reduction from the BSs established in Denmark would then amount to ca. 2000-2500 tonnes
N and 2-20 tonnes P. In this presentation we will share the experience gained in Denmark
on establishing 10 m wide BSs and show results from a newly initiated research project
(BUFFERTECH) that studies the ecosystem services provided by buffer strips.
Do biometric features of a macrophyte habitat reflect
zooplankton diversity in various trophic types
of small water bodies
Kuczyńska-Kippen, natalia; Tomasz Joniak; Barbara nagengast
Department of Water Protection, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań,
Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
Fifty eight field ponds were examined between 2004–2011. Zooplankton diversity measures
(number of species and Shannon index) were studied in various habitats (the open water
zone, helophytes and elodeids) in respect to trophic conditions of water (evaluated using a
combination of measures of water transparency, chlorophyll a and phosphorus concentrations) and macrophyte build. As biometric features of macrophytes play a highly important
role (as anti-predator refuge) for zooplankton abundance, as in the case of community diversity trophic conditions seem to have a stronger impact than plant architecture. This partly
results from a lack of significant variation of macrophyte biometric features between ponds
of different trophic conditions. However, the underwater plant stem density of helophytes
(e.g. Phragmites australis) was highest in mesotrophic ponds and lowest in hypertrophic
ones, while in the case of elodeids (e.g. Ceratophyllum spp.) the highest density was obtained
in the eutrophic ponds and the lowest in hypertrophic water bodies. Plant biomass of both
elodeids and helophytes was usually highest in mesotrophic ponds. Zooplankton species diversity was also highest in mesotrophic ponds and lowest in hypertrophic water bodies, reflecting plant biomass distribution in the case of elodeids and plant density in the case of
helophytes. This work was supported by the Polish Committee for Scientific Research (KBN)
under grant no. N N305 042739.
79
Fishponds in the Czech Republic–Management Issues
Květ, Jan1,2; Jan Pokorný3
1
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
[email protected]
2
Czech Academy of Sciences, CzechGlobe, Global Change Research Centre, Na sádkách 7, CZ-37005 České
Budějovice, Czech Republic; [email protected]
3
ENKI, o.p.s., Dukelská 145, CZ-37905 Třeboň, Czech Republic; [email protected]
The Czech Republic (78,867 km2, 10.5x106 inhabitants) is situated in the basins of 3 seas: the
North Sea (the Labe/Elbe + the Vltava River – 433 km), Black Sea (the Morava/March + the
Dyje River – in the Danube basin– 306 km) and Baltic Sea (the Odra/Oder River – 135 km).
Natural small mountain lakes (total area 14.20 ha; volume 3.517x106 m3) are quite scarce. By
now, 118 reservoirs (artificial lakes) have been built in the CR. But about 22,000 fishponds of
varying size (<1 to 489 ha, total area 52x103 ha) have been built in the CR since the Middle
Ages. They are mostly used for extensive or semi-intensive fish farming and have become integrated into the landscape as a component with various ecological functions. Several fishpond systems are enlisted as Ramsar sites, and all are considered as important landscape
elements protected by the Czech law on Nature and Landscape Conservation. They are
human-made water bodies and their long-term existence is secured by their management
for fish rearing. Finding a sustainable balance between the water quality, economics of fish
production, biodiversity, hydrological and other ecological functions and ecosystem services
of the fishponds is the most important present task.
Mires and wilderness in national parks
Laurén, Kirsi
University of Eastern Finland. P.O.Box 111, FIN-80101 Joensuu, FINLAND, [email protected]
The attraction of mires and peatlands as places for recreation has increased during the last
decades. Therefore ecotourism and other outdoor activities on mires in national parks have
become increasingly popular as well. Usually mires are difficult terrains and are located in remote and sometimes inaccessible wilderness. However, especially the scenic quality of wilderness is one of the most important factors that make the mires attractive among nature
tourists. This presentation focuses on mires in eastern Finland’s natural parks in the viewpoints of the visitors who are mostly hikers. Nature in this area consists of various kinds of
forests, mires and peatlands. Patvinsuo national park is one of the largest national parks in
Finland, and its landscape is dominated by peatlands. The research questions were: What
motivates the ecotourists to visit mires? What are the things that they perceive recreational
there? The research is based on writings written by Finns who took part in a national writing
collection in 2013 where they were asked to tell about their experiences of visiting and hiking
in the national parks of eastern Finland. The writings exposed that the attraction of mires was
based on remoteness, experience of peace and solitude and observation of rich biodiversity.
In addition, the attraction increased with good accessibility.
80
A rapid tile approach for wetland degradation assessment
in East Africa
Leemhuis, Constanze1; Alvarez, miguel2; Amler esther3; Behn Kai4; Beuel sonja5; Keissler
Kornelia6; Kotze donovan7; Kreye Christine8; Kyallo daniel9; Wagner Katrin10; and Ziegler
susanne11
Institute of Geography, University of Bonn, Germany, [email protected]
Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Germany, [email protected]
3
[email protected]
4
[email protected]
5
Steinmann Institute of Geology, Mineralogy, and Paleontology, University of Bonn, Germany, [email protected]
6
[email protected]
7
Centre For Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermarutzburg, South
Africa, [email protected]
8
[email protected]
9
Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, Germany, [email protected]
10
Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, [email protected]
11
Institute of Organic Agriculture, University of Bonn, Germany, [email protected]
1
2
Wetlands cover an area of approx. 18 Mio hectares in the East African countries of Kenya,
Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania, with only a small share currently being used for food production. The main hydro-geomorphic wetland types in Sub Saharan Africa are alluvial floodplains and inland valleys. Current upland agricultural use intensification in these countries
due to demographic growth, climate change and globalization effects is leading to an overexploitation of the resource base and the agricultural use of wetlands. Besides presenting
potential agricultural production hotspots wetlands provide a range of other ecosystem services. The rapid tile approach for wetland degradation assessment in East Africa is based on
the Wet-Health framework of Macfarlane et al..(2009) wit a random sampling tile methodology for the selection of surveyed wetland sites. This implies a delineation of studied wetlands by applying a slope threshold on SRTM based digital elevation models and dividing the
delineated wetland area into a grid of 250 m * 250 m tiles. 2 % of each wetland study site is
chosen randomly for an on-site survey of wetland degradation. This approach is a framework
for a rapid wetland degradation assessment for the wetlands components hydrology, geomorphology, water quality and vegetation and was originally developed as a management
tool for South African wetlands. The modified tile based Wet-Health approach has been applied to the semi-arid Ewaso Naroc highland floodplain in central Kenya (10 tiles), the lowland
humid Kilombero floodplain in southern Tanzania (14 tiles), inland valleys in Lake Vicoria
province along the Mabira Forest – Kampala Road in Uganda (14 tiles) and inland valleys
north of Kigali and within the Akagero floodplain south of Kigali in Rwanda (20 tiles). Beside
on-site wetland components also external off-site factors that relate to the headwater catchment of the surveyed tile are investigated. The results show the highest variability of wetland
degradation for all investigated components for the surveyed tiles in Rwanda. Furthermore
the impact of land use on the wetland state is significant for all wetland components. This
paper discusses the applicability of the implemented tile based Wet-Health methodology
for the selected East African wetlands and provides preliminary analysis of the surveyed tilebased Wet-Health data set.
81
Development of a web interactive tool to promote sustainable
water management and use of Mediterranean marshes
under climate variability
Lefebvre, Gaëtan1 ; Christophe Germain2 ; Brigitte Poulin3
1
2
Tour du Valat Research Center, Le Sambuc 13200 Arles, France, [email protected]
Mediterranean wetlands are dominated by temporary and semi-permanent marshes that
naturally dry out during the summer period, which contribute to their specificity and high
biodiversity. Water inputs are frequent in marshes exploited for various socio-economic activities (reed harvesting, waterfowl hunting, cattle grazing, fishing, ecotourism). These human
interventions are often necessary as wetlands are increasingly disconnected from their catchment area following reclamation and modification of land use. Yet, the contribution of rainfall
vs. human intervention to marsh hydrology has rarely been assessed. We used long term
monitoring data of water levels in 37 embanked marshes in the Camargue to build a hydrological model: human water inputs contribute to 45% of the marsh water supply and to a 4month increase of the flooded period per year on average. An interactive tool that simulates
water levels according to climate data and water volumes according to management decisions
has been developed to foster adaptation of wetland managers/users to global changes
(http://www.Mar-O-Sel.net). It further allows one to visualize the effect of water management
schemes on the evolution of surface and underground water salinity, common reed height
and density, submerged macrophyte coverage and composition, as well as abundance/presence of breeding birds.
Mitigation bank and payments for ecosystem services, a tool
for conservation of Patagonian peatlands
León, Carolina A1; Gisela oliván2; maría Puelles3; José maría Gabriel y Galán2
1
Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O’ Higgins, Santiago Chile, [email protected].
2
Departamento Biología Vegetal I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid-España, [email protected], [email protected].
3
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid-España,
[email protected].
Peatlands play a key role in the conservation of biodiversity, regulation of water cycles, carbon storage, etc. These ecosystems provide important services to humans. Therefore, they
are a high-interest natural capital which may be economically valued and commercialized
within environmental markets as mitigation banks. In Chile, peatlands have given great
weight due to the trading of Sphagnum moss. However, overharvesting has deeply degraded
these ecosystems. This study aims to give a tool for management and conservation of peatlands in Chile, in order to counteract environmental impacts produced by extractive activities. For this, a review of models of ecosystem conservation was performed and a survey
was conducted to Chilean and Spanish companies to assess the interest of these companies
about the environmental market in Chile. Among the main results, an interest of companies
to support initiatives related to the care of nature and a willingness to pay for conservation
of areas of high ecological value such as peatlands is observed. We conclude that a conser-
82
vation system based on the valuation of the ecosystem services and natural capital recovery,
focused especially for enterprises, would be an alternative for the sustainable development
of these ecosystems. Research funding: AECID A/025081/2009 and A/030011/2011, Cooperación-UCM 4138114, and Doctoral Fellowship CONICYT-Chile.
The impact of ornithogenic inputs on P hydro-geochemistry
in altered wetland environs in East Mediterranean Ecosystem
Litaor, m. iggy
1
MIGAL research institute & Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel. Email: [email protected]
Large flocks of Eurasian crane (> 47,000) have begun wintering in an altered wetland located
in Northern Israel, a phenomenon that attracts more than 400,000 eco-tourists a year. A 100ha plot has been used to feed the cranes in order to protect nearby fields. The objective of
this study was to evaluate the influence of this feeding practice on the P status of the wetland.
We installed wells at two depths (40 & 90 cm) between two major waterways and monitored
the hydraulic heads and conducted elemental analyses. We collected six soil cores and sediment samples from the waterways and conducted sequential P extraction. We found significant increase in groundwater soluble P (> 0.5 mg l-1) compared with lower concentrations
(~0.06 mg l-1) in the period prior to the feeding. An increase in the labile P fraction was observed in soils and sediments compared with the period before the feeding. The P input by
bird excrement to the feeding area was estimated around 700 kg P per season, while P removal by plant harvesting was estimated around 640 kg P yr-1. Hence, no significant accumulation of P was observed in the wetland despite the increase of wintering birds.
Oxic-anoxic transitions constrain benthic metabolism in freshwater wetland in the Po river floodplain
Longhi, daniele1; marco Bartoli1; daniele nizzoli1; Pierluigi Viaroli1
1
Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 11/A – 43124 Parma (Italy)
Monitoring and experiments were performed in one of the widest (81 ha) freshwater wetlands in the Po river floodplain (Natural Reserve “Paludi del Busatello”). Reed stands are
widespread, while small pools and ponds with stagnant and shallow waters (<1 m) are colonized by floating leaved or submerged macrophytes. Here, sedimentary organic matter up
to 30% and frequent anoxia, also in the water column, induce rapid alternation of oxidizing
and reducing conditions in the surface sediment. These are typical features of the residual
wetlands in the Po River floodplain which control sedimentary biogeochemical processes.
In this study the effects of the transition from oxic to anoxic conditions on benthic metabolism are evaluated with core incubation experiments. Intact sediment cores were sampled
on a seasonal basis from December 2003 to January 2005 and sediment-water fluxes of O2,
DIC, CH4 and inorganic nutrients and denitrification rates were determined under oxic and
anoxic conditions. Oxic-anoxic transitions always resulted in enhanced DIC and CH4 effluxes,
and denitrification and nutrient regeneration rates. Methane release was strongly regulated
by the availability of nitrate.
83
Distribution of net mercury methylation potentials
in a tropical wetland: lateral connectivity of water bodies as
a factor of variance in the waterscape context
Lopes Lázaro, Wilkinson1; Carolina J. da silva1; Áurea r.A. ignácio1; sergi díez2; Jean
r.d.Guimarães3
1
Centro de Estudos em Limnologia Biodiversidade e Etnobiologia do Pantanal, Universidade
do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Brasil [email protected]
2
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water
Research (IDÆA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
3
Laboratório de Traçadores. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, - IBCCF, Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro (UFRJ), Brasil
Methylmercury (MeHg) is the most toxic form of mercury (Hg). Freshwater macrophyte roots
are a main site of Hg methylation in different wetland environments in the word. The aim of
this study was to test the use of connectivity metrics of water bodies, in the context of
patches, in a tropical waterscape wetland (Guaporé river) as a predictor of potential net
MeHg production by periphyton communities. We sampled 15 lakes with different patterns
of lateral connectivity with the main river channel (directly connected, indirectly connected
and temporarily disconnected), performing net mercury methylation potential tests in incubations with local water and E. crassipes rhizomes and periphyton complexes, using
203HgCl2 as a tracer. Water data were also collected (dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, DOM, POM and DOC). To get the landscape
data (size and shape of the lakes, land use, lateral and longitudinal hidric distances of water
bodies) we used GIS resources and field data. To test the variables and their relations we
chose to use Generalized Additive Models (GAM). The net Me203Hg production (as % of
total added 203Hg) was expressive (6.2-25.6%) showing that periphyton is an important matrix in MeHg production. The model that best explained the variation in the net Me203Hg
production (76%) was built by the variables: connection type, total phosphorus and dissolved
organic carbon in water (AICC=48.324, p=0.001). Connection type factor was the best factor
to model fit (r²=0.32; p=0.008), and temporarily disconnected lakes had higher rates of net
mercury methylation. Both DOC and total phosphorus showed significant covariation with
the net methylation rates (r²=0.26; p=0.008 e r²=0.21; p<0.012 respectively). Our study suggests a strong relationship between the type of water body, in relation to hydrological connectivity within the waterscape, and rates of net MeHg production in this tropical area.
Significance of the widespread occurrence of triterpenoid
acetates in North Spain bogs from Asturias
López-días, Veneranda1a; Ángeles G. Borrego1b; Carlos G. Blanco1c; Achim Bechtel2; Wilhelm
Püttmann3
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC). Aptdo. 73, 33080 Oviedo, Spain,
2
Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, University of Leoben, Peter Tunner Strasse 5, A-8700
Leoben, Austria, [email protected]
3
Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt -Umweltanalytik- J.W. Goethe-Universität. Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, [email protected]
1
Asturian peat bog profiles covering different time spams of the last 10000 cal. yr BP have
been studied using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and Compound-spe-
84
cific isotope analysis (CSIA). The abundance of n-alkan-2-ones with medium to high molecular weight and heavier isotopic signature than the corresponding n-alkanes is a characteristic of these profiles. These compounds tended to accumulate in intervals with high
concentration of n-C25 and n-C31, typically associated to Sphagnum with affinity for drier
habitats. The predominance of triterpenoid acetyl derivatives of compounds with oleanane,
ursane, lupane and hopane skeletons is a specific characteristic of these peats. Triterpenoid
acetates tended to accumulate at certain depth in the profiles and in specific levels under
particularly favourable conditions. The widespread occurrence of acetyl-derivatives, and
the fact that they correspond to different compound families of diverse origin, rules out a
specific organism source for the acetates, and point towards generalized environmental
conditions affecting these peat profiles. The presence of triterpenoid acetates derivatives
suggests the existence of a medium enriched in acetic acid, which could be produced by
the dominance of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, inhibiting acetoclastic methanogenesis. This phenomenon that has been preferentially described in Sphagnum bogs at high
latitudes, and in the deeper layers of peat, appears to be also present in the temperate
peats of the Asturian coast.
Runoff production and water content in soils of the Estaña
Lakes Catchment (Huesca, NE Spain)
López-Vicente, manuel1,*; Cristina Pérez-Bielsa2; Teresa López-montero1,3; Luis Javier Lambán2; Ana navas1
1
Erosion, and Soil and Water Evaluation Group, Department of Soil and Water, Estación Experimental de Aula
Dei (EEAD–CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059 – Zaragoza, Spain
2
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Unidad de Zaragoza, C/ Manuel Lasala 44, 50006 – Zaragoza,
Spain
3
Departamento de Infraestructura del transporte y del territorio, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Jordi
Girona 1-3, Módulo B1 – 08034 Barcelona, Spain
*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected]; Tel.: +34 976 716161
Numerical modelling and quantification of runoff is a complex task due to the high number
of processes involved, the non-linearity response of the soils and the marked spatial and
temporal heterogeneity of the input values. In this study, we run the DR2-2013© SAGA v1.1
software (http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/93543) for a 69-month period (Ag’2007 –
Ap’2013) to quantify the runoff production to the two main lakes of the Estaña Lakes Catchment (246 ha). The three lakes are called “Estanque de Arriba” (EA, 1.6 ha and 69 ha of contributing area), “Estanque Grande de Abajo” (EGA, 15.2 ha and 109 ha of contributing area)
and “Estanque Pequeño de Abajo” (0.5 ha). This software is the second version of the DR22013 (Distributed Rainfall-Runoff) model and it was run using the triangular multiple flow
algorithm without threshold value for linear flow. The average precipitation in this area was
457 mm (1994-2013; Canelles weather station). The runoff coefficients were 16.3%, 27.4%
and 19.4% for the whole Estaña Lakes Catchment, and the EA and EGA lake catchments,
whereas the coefficients of runoff production to the EA and EGA lakes were only 0.191%
and 0.246%. The remaining volume of water, 83.7% from the total rainfall depth, was mainly
infiltrated in the soil during the runoff events and in a minor way intercepted by canopy and
infiltrated before soil saturation.
85
Soils diversity along a toposequence within intermittently
flooded habitats in Gallocanta Lake, Spain
Luna, estela1; Carmen Castañeda1; rafael rodríguez2
1
Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, EEAD-CSIC, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain,
2
Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198
Lleida, Spain, [email protected]
Intermittent flooding is particularly striking in the eastern portion of Gallocanta Lake, where
a mosaic of wet environments forms numerous habitats that host endemic species. Our objective was to characterize the soils in those habitats, particularly, their relationship to flooding and saline conditions. Four pedons, each within one of four CORINE habitats, were
sampled along a linear transect: salt-pan (15.12), salt-marsh (15.54), non-saline grassland
(15.57), and cropland (87.1). Groundwater salinity ranged from 4.9 dS m-1 to 87 dS m-1 and
was slightly alkaline (pH = 7.6). Soil samples (n = 27) were collected from a maximum depth
of 3.5 m. Soil salinity, measured as the electrical conductivity of saturated paste extracts,
ranged from 0.4 dS m-1 to 60 dS m-1, and soil pH ranged from 7.5 to 8.7. Soils were strongly
saline in the root zone (up to 51 dS m-1 in the upper 50 cm), except the cropland and grassland soils. The salt-marsh soil had the maximum organic matter content (3.1%). Calcium carbonate equivalent content ranged between 0.2% and 64%. Loam and sandy-loam soils
formed calcium carbonate accumulations in the grassland soil, mostly as soft nodules (5-15
mm), and almost continuous centimeter cemented bands. Gypsum accumulated in the upper
horizons (≤ 4%) and, occasionally, deeper (16%, > 2 m). Weathered siliciclastic, fine gravels
with carbonate coatings were common in subsurface horizons at the lowest elevations. In
the soil profile, the Mg/Ca ratio increased in subsurface horizons, and was highest (18.1) in
the soils most frequently flooded. Soils in the toposequence included Calcic Aquisalid, Typic
Aquisalid, Aquic Calcixeroll, and Typic Xerorthent. Variation in soil composition along the
transect and throughout the soil profile reflected different edaphic and geomorphic
processes that are associated with the fluctuations in the water level of Gallocanta Lake.
Study of patterns of movement in Emys orbicularis
and connectivity between ponds inside the PAVT
magalhães, sónia1; José Teixeira2; Pedro segurado3
Faculty of sciences,Universty of Oporto-CIBIO-InBio, R. Padre Armado Quintas 4485-661Vairão Portugal, [email protected]
2
Faculty of sciences,Universty of Porto-CIIMAR, Rua dos Bragas,289 4050-123Oporto,Porto,Portugal
3
Agronomy Institute,Center of Forest Research, Tapada da Ajuda, P-1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
1
The increasing fragmentation of habitat is a major consequence of human actions in the
landscape and one of most relevant threats to biodiversity; thus, maintaining the connectivity between habitats is essential. The aim of this study is to create means to conserve
Emys orbicularis, a turtle species occupying scarce habitat patches, which can only be done
through the protection of their habitats. Ponds and wetlands provide shelter to many species
and here is where Emys orbicularis finds its perfect habitat. Turtle movements among ponds
have been widely reported and recognized as crucial for population’s persistence. In Northern Portugal, specifically in the extreme North of Boticas, some ponds exist with these animals. The area of study belongs to PAVT, Archaeological Park of Terva Valley. We use
mark-recapture techniques to understand the composition of this population as well as spa-
86
tial data, ArcGis, to create a spatial network structure to help decision-making in landscape
management. At the end of this study we expect to have a network that explains the movement between patches and the efforts that these distances represent, as well as ecological
corridors that allow the preservation of the species, as well as the maintenance of their
ponds and linkages.
Green infrastructure, a key of future watershed management
mander, Ülo1,2; Julien Tournebize2; Bernard Vincent2
1
2
University of Tartu, Estonia
National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment & Agriculture (Irstea), Antony, France
Due to global warming, severe changes in hydrological regime of catchments are forecasted
with different impacts in different regions of Europe. Together with increasing anthropogenic
pressure (intensive land use, fertilization, and pesticides use), global-warming-driven changes
in hydrological regimes will significantly alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in agricultural landscapes, creating potential threats to the quality of groundwater. Agriculture and
food processing, the combustion of fossil fuels, and other human activities have altered the
cycle of N substantially, generally increasing both the availability and the mobility of N over
large regions of Earth. As one of the key characteristics of these alterations, the availability
of reactive nitrogen in the environment has greatly increased, considerably changing the N
cycle locally, regionally and globally. On the other hand, due to intensive agriculture and
erosion processes, soil carbon losses worldwide are significantly increasing. This all reflects
in worsening of water resources quality and quantity. Through watershed (catchment) planning and ecological engineering measures, an optimal pattern of green infrastructure of
buffering ecosystems (artificial wetlands and riparian buffer zones) may be created. In combination with carefully planned agrotechnology, this green infrastructure will help stakeholders to mitigate alterations in C and N cycling, i.e. minimizing N leaching and runoff,
maximizing C sequestration, and minimizing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) in landscapes. Simultaneously, the multifunctionality of the green infrastructure and the better use
of all ecosystem services (provisioning – biomass production, regulating – water quality and
GHG, habitat improvement and cultural services) will help landscapes to better adapt to climate change. Several examples on design, performance and management of artificial wetlands and riparian buffer zones from agricultural regions in Europe will be presented.
Governance and management for ecological sustainability?
avian predation on waders.
manton, michael1; Per Angelstam2; Per milberg3
Forest-Landscape-Society Research Network, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences, 739 21 Skinnskatteberg, Sweden, [email protected], 2 [email protected]
1
3
IFM Biology, Conservation Ecology Group, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden, [email protected]
This presentation explores how the governance and management of wet meadows influences
waders. Predation on nests and young is proposed as one contributor to the decline of breeding wader in Europe. We explored this hypothesis by comparing landscapes with different
wader population trends and management status in Southern Sweden and Eastern Europe.
Specifically, we explored three predictions linked to the predation of waders; (1) the relative
87
abundance of avian predators and waders at patch level, (2) the avian predator abundance
at the landscape scale, and (3) the predation rate on artificial wader nests, should all be higher
in declining vs. stable populations. All predictions were supported. Nevertheless, predation
may not be the ultimate factor causing wader population declines with the cumulative effects
of landscape change linked to increased food resources for predators, reduced wet meadow
patch size and quality. We argue in favour of holistic analyses of social-ecological systems at
multiple scales and landscapes, including processes such as predation, other factors affecting
waders, and how governance and management can be improved. Additionally, different approaches to landscape governance and management need to be examined to understand if
and how wader populations can be managed and sustained for future generations.
Bio-physical data retrieval in the Doñana wetland
from SAR satellite imagery
martí-Cardona, Belén1; Josep dolz ripollés1; Carlos López-martínez2
1
Institut Flumen, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)–CIMNE; Jordi Girona 1 D1-208, 08034 Barcelona,
Spain; [email protected]
2
Remote Sensing Lab., Dept. of Signal Processing and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
(UPC); Jordi Girona 1 D3-208, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected]
The Doñana National Park wetland, in southwest Spain, undergoes annual cycles of inundation
and helophyte vegetation growth. Waterfowl in Doñana depends on the extent and duration
of flooding, and on the development of helophyte meadows for successful breeding. Between
2006 and 2010 the Institut Flumen analyzed over 100 satellite images of Doñana acquired by
the radar sensor Envisat/ASAR. This analysis enabled to monitor the flood extent with a high
temporal frequency, not impeded by the presence of clouds. The large influence of the wind
drag action over the wetland hydrodynamics was corroborated. Images acquired before and
after rainfall events provided synoptic observations of the precipitation effects over the
flooded area. The spatial reach of the Guadalquivir River tidal inflows into Doñana was clearly
observed on the ASAR scenes when the marshes were dry.Temporal backscattering signatures
showed great sensitivity of the ASAR data to the Doñana’s helophytes phenological stage,
pointing to the possibility to map biomass from the satellite images. Recently acquired
Radarsat-2 data over Doñana, with increased polarimetric and resolution capabilities compared to those of the ASAR sensor, have shown enhanced sensitivity to the structure of plant
communities and to the presence of flooding under the vegetation canopy.
Integrated management of three constructed wetlands
in compliance with the water framework, birds and habitats
Directives: the LIFE+12 ALBUFERA project
martín, miguel1; William Colom2; mario Giménez3; Antonio Guillem4; fernando Juan5; mª
del Carmen regidor6.
Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera s/n, Valencia,
Spain. [email protected]
2
Acció Ecologista-Agró. c/ Portal de Valldigna, 15, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
3
SEO/BirdLife, c/ Tavernes Blanques 29, Alboraia, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
4
Fundación Global Nature, c/ Juan Ramón Jiménez 38, Valencia, Spain. [email protected].
1
88
Aguas de las Cuencas Mediterráneas (ACUAMED, Pasaje Doctor Serra, 2, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
Confederación Hidrográfica del Júcar (CHJ), Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 48, Valencia, Spain. MariadelCarmen.
[email protected].
5
6
Water bodies in Natura2000 (RN 2000) areas must be managed to allow compliance with
the ecological objectives set in the Water Framework Directive (WFD), together with the
conservation objectives for Special Protection Areas for Birds and Sites of Community Importance. In the Albufera in Valencia, a wetland of high ecological value, measures have
been implemented to try to comply with the WFD, by focusing on aspects of water quality
improvement. But just one of these measures –the creation of constructed wetlands (CWs)
- might as well help to directly improve the status of habitats and bird conservation. Since
2009 a total of 89 ha of rice fields located at the border of the lake l’Albufera have been restored to recreate the wetlands lost long time ago. The CW Tancat de la Pipa, (40 ha), the
CW Tancat de Milia (33 ha) and the CW Tancat de l’Illa (16 ha) are a combination of free
water surface constructed wetlands (FWSCWs) with horizontal sub-surface flow constructed
wetlands (HSFs) and shallow lagoons. The main objectives of the project are establishing the
most adequate management rules in constructed wetlands in order to jointly optimise water
quality and habitat and biodiversity improvement; establishing a methodology to determine
good status indicators for bird conservation to apply in other RN 2000 wetlands; and providing recommendations addressed to the administrations to set a basis in the development
of management plans for RN 2000 areas and hydrological management plans.
EU Life CREAMAgua: Restoring wetlands
for water quality and biodiversity improvements
in irrigated agricultural territories
masip, Adriá1; francisco A. Comín2; Victor Guirado3; Javier rodriguez4; Alfonso Calvo5; francisca Gallego6; ricardo sorando2; Gema Cacho7; Ana Loriente8; nadia darwiche2; mercedes
García2; silvia Gutiérrez2; Alberto Barcos2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Parque Científico-Tecnológico Aula Dei
KV Consulting
Tragsa
Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro
Comarca de Los Monegros
Institut for the Studies and Research of Comarca de Los Monegros
Foundation for Promoting Youth and Sports in Comarca de Los Monegros.
Sixteen in-stream and five off-stream wetlands were restored just facilitating water retention
by diking to improve the quality of the water outflowing irrigated agricultural fields in the Flumen river watershed (NE Spain). For two years after restoration, no differences of nitrate retention were observed between in – and off-stream wetlands. Increased NO3 retention during
the irrigation period, particularly for some in-stream wetlands which reached up to 96% of
the nitrate inputs, took place in relation with the hydraulic loading rate. Biodiversity improvement is observed in planted riparian forests. Biodiversity in restored wetlands didn´t show a
clear trend. CREAMAgua is successful with respect to dissemination at local, regional and international scales, and also with educational actions. Inappropriate planning delayed restoration works early in the project, but the technical objectives of the project are being achieved
89
clearly at the late phase of the project. The development of this project was clearly favored
by the Life label which created an acceptable perception by the local population. However,
some rigid project verification processes caused confusion with respect to the development
of different actions. Also the period of duration of the projects (4 years for most of the projects) may be short for projects involving restoration of complex ecosystems.
Improving riparian woodland restoration with case-by-case
performance modeling based on groundwater distance
masip A.1; Gonzalez e.2,3,4; Castellano C.1; Jaime r.1; Comín f.A.1
1
2
3
4
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, Spanish National Research Council. 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS; EcoLab; 31062 Toulouse, France
Riparian forests are one of the most threatened habitats in Europe, mainly because of the
extensive use of floodplains by traditional agriculture due to the high value of the riverbanks
for crop growing. This let the present riparian areas to be unable to achieve most of the ecological functions expected as flood control, energy dissipation, carbon sequestration, habitat
creation, water temperature regulation and many more. One of the biggest efforts concerning riparian restoration that has been done in the past decades is reforestation, in an attempt
to recover part of the functionality of this ecosystem. Nevertheless long term survival has
proven to be generally low or even extremely low (less than 10%) in some cases. The different performance of riparian species is mainly driven by its dependence on the groundwater,
so the vertical distance of the final plantation point is of great importance for survival improving of the plantation. Here a model for phreatophyte woody species development is
presented, based on the performance of each species at given distance to the groundwater.
Field data is used to generate Markov chains probabilities linked to the vital status of each
individual plant. R language is used to create a function that performs the calculations
needed for the iterations; this allows the researcher and the manager to evaluate the performance of the different species directly and also to contribute to the work-in-progress development of a greater complexity model.
Development of a theory for biodiversity offset policy
based on the US experience of wetland mitigation policy
masuda, yosuke1
1
Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA, [email protected]
Biodiversity offset system recently has got attention as a policy tool to balance economic
development and biodiversity conservation, and many countries and regions introduced or
are trying to introduce this system. To help policy developers and implementers, many researchers are trying to develop conceptual frameworks and practical guidelines for biodiversity offset policy. These frameworks and guidelines, however, do not include the
chronological change of the policy. This research tries to develop a hypothetical theory which
explains how biodiversity offset policy changes overtime. To develop this theory, this study
90
analyses chronological changes of and interrelationships between problems and approaches
of wetland mitigation policy in the US, which has the longest history among biodiversity offset policy in the world. The hypothetical theory developed in this research shows that the
chronological change of policy approaches from the ecological focus (effectiveness) to the
administrative focus (efficiency) and the administrative focus (efficiency) to the community
focus (equity). The theory also demonstrates that the approach for one problem interrelates
to the other problem. This research is the first step to develop a theory explaining chronological changes of biodiversity offset. Additionally, this research provides the framework to
understand and analyse the US wetland mitigation policy.
Weak correlation in diversity and community composition
among multiple taxonomic groups: a failure of surrogate idea
in Central European ponds
matúšová, Zuzana1; marek svitok1; richard Hrivnák2; Ladislav Hamerlík3; michal Hlávek1;
Judita Kochjarová4; milan novikmec1; Jozef oboňa5; Helena oťaheľová2; Peter PaľoveBalang6; Barbora reduciendo Klementová1; radovan stupák1; Andrea Zapriháčová1
1 Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-96053 Zvolen,
2 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovakia, [email protected]
3 Department of Biology and Ecology, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, SK-97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia,
[email protected]
4 Botanical Garden–detached unit, Comenius University, Blatnica 315, SK-03815 Blatnica, Slovakia,
[email protected]
5 Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov in Presov, Ul. 17 novembra č. 1, SK-081 16 Prešov,
6 Institute of Biological and Ecological Sciences, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-040 01 Košice,
In conservation biology, surrogate taxa are used as a shortcut to monitor and predict biodiversity and to solve other conservation problems. Biodiversity indicators are surrogates
that could be used for predicting variation in the biodiversity of other taxonomic groups.
Here we investigate efficiency of biodiversity indicator taxa and cross-taxon congruence
in species richness and assemblage composition patterns in small standing waters of Central Europe. Under the project BIOPOND (www.biopond.sk), we gathered material on multiple groups of invertebrates and aquatic plants from 94 ponds scattered across Slovakia.
In general, weak correlations in species richness and assemblage composition among
groups emerged. Species richness of submerged macrophytes appeared as the best predictor of total species richness. However, this model showed relatively low predictive
power (cross-validated root mean square error ~ 6 species). We focused more closely on
the relationship between dragonflies and aquatic macrophytes as popular flagship groups.
Neither presence nor richness of those groups were significantly related regardless of
using red-list species or all species in the analyses. Surrogate species approach does not
appear to be particularly relevant for biodiversity prediction and conservation in Central
European ponds. This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development
Agency under the contract No. APVV-0059-11.
91
Botanical response to restoration in degraded rich fens
menichino, nina1; Laurence Jones2; Christopher evans2; Peter Jones3; Janine Guest3; Andrew
Pullin1; nathalie fenner1
1
Bangor University, School of Biological Sciences, Bangor, U.K. LL57 2UW, U.K, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
2
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre, Wales, Bangor, U.K. LL57 2UW, [email protected], [email protected]
3
Natural Resources Wales, Bangor, U.K. Maes y Ffynnon, Penrhosgarnedd, Bangor, U.K. LL57 2DW,
[email protected]
Globally important UK fens are in poor condition; this is principally due to abandonment
(cessation of mowing and grazing). Dereliction causes reduced species richness and threatens
ecosystem services, as ecosystem function is partially reliant on biodiversity. In order to halt
further succession, restoration intervention (machine mowing and hand cutting) was
adopted to study botanical response. Management reintroduction was evaluated over three
sites, on the rich fens of Anglesey, North-west Wales. Two plant communities were chosen
due to their rarity and degraded condition and in 2011 a baseline vegetation survey was undertaken. A one-off mowing event took place in the autumn/winter of 2011/2012 followed
by two more annual surveys. Results show a significant increase in bare ground, between
the un-mown and mown, calcareous (0.2%, 16.2%) and alkaline (8.88%, 17.78%) plant communities, which has enhanced conditions for target species colonisation. This is evident in
the calcareous plant community, which exhibited a 50% increase in species richness, driven
by a 79% increase in herbs and 33%, 28% decrease in sub-shrub and graminoid cover respectively, compared to the control in 2013. Annual mowing in alkaline fens and a three year
rotation for calcareous fens is needed to increase species richness and maintain ecosystem
function.
Mining impacts on manmade ponds located in reclaimed
opencast coal mines
miguel-Chinchilla, Leticia1*; dani Boix2; stéphanie Gascón2; eduardo González3,4,5; francisco
A. Comín1
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología CSIC, Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17071 Spain
3
Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS; EcoLab; 31062 Toulouse, France
4
5
* e-mail: [email protected]
1
2
The study of the impacts of opencast coal mining on water and aquatic ecosystems have
usually focused on the downstream effects. However, it is also important to evaluate the
mining effects on water bodies located within the mining areas over the time. How intense
is metal pollution? How is the macroinvertebrate community being affected? Ultimately,
are mining reclamations effective from the perspective of on-site water bodies? To answer
these questions we sampled the macroinvertebrate community, the water and the sediment
of 19 manmade ponds of different ages since its construction (from 1 to 22 years) located
at reclaimed opencast coal mines in northeastern Spain. To evaluate the degree of mining
pollution, we compared these data to those from a pit-lake created in a local un-reclaimed
mine, as well as reference toxicity levels in aquatic organisms found in the literature. The
runoff ponds showed toxic concentrations of Al, Cu and Ni in the water and As and Ni in the
sediment, which were maintained over the time represented by the chronosequence. There
was a weak increase of macroinvertebrate community complexity, but no successional
92
phases were detected and diversity was low. The pit-lake showed higher metal concentrations than the manmade ponds and no aquatic macroinvertebrates were found. Overall, this
study suggests that the isolated manmade ponds constructed in the reclaimed opencast coal
mines are a limiting environment to the development of the aquatic community. But also
reveals the importance of mine reclamation for the development of functional ecosystems.
Phytoplankton and benthic diatom diversity in urban
stormwater ponds compared to natural shallow lakes
minelgaite, Greta*; Asbjørn Haaning nielsen; morten Lauge Pedersen; diana Agnete
stephansen; Jes Vollertsen
Aalborg University, Department of Civil Engineering, Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000, * [email protected]
Stormwater ponds are constructed in urban areas as one of the means to protect surrounding terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from elevated loads of pollutants. Such ponds act as
a sink for certain hazardous substances received with the runoff from impermeable surfaces.
Therefore, a significant amount of contaminants are retained both in the water column and
sediments of such ponds. Despite that, stormwater ponds also become habitats for various
species of fauna and flora. However, these ecosystems have not received much attention,
for example in terms of the degree to which organisms are inhibited by elevated loads of
contaminants. As algae form the basis of aquatic ecosystems, they become a relevant object
to investigate in order to later describe the relationships among them, higher organisms and
processes present in the ecosystem as a whole. This study aims to describe and compare
the composition of phytoplankton and benthic diatom communities in three selected urban
stormwater ponds and three natural shallow lakes. Water and sediment samples are collected at 5 spots in each lake and pond. Samples for phytoplankton identification are taken
20 cm below the water surface, mixed and preserved. Sediment samples are collected using
sediment cores at a water depth of about 50 cm. The top 1 cm of sediment is extracted,
mixed with the other core samples from that location and preserved for later sample treatment and species identification. A number of factors, such as e. g., chemical water composition, weather conditions, location or light availability influence the formation and
composition of algae communities in a certain water body. In this study, samples are taken
close in time and under comparable conditions. The study will hence lead to initial observations on whether there are differences in phytoplankton and benthic diatom diversity between natural shallow lakes and stormwater ponds receiving urban runoff.
Reagritech LIFE11 ENV/ES/579. Constructed wetlands
for diffuse pollution control of agricultural runoff
morató, Jordi1; Lorena Aguilar1; Ángel Gallegos1; Carlos Arias2; Patricia Caro3; santiago
sahuquillo3; Carlos Pérez4
UNESCO Chair on Sustainability, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, TR1, EET, 08222, Terrassa,
Barcelona, Spain. jordi.morató@[email protected] - [email protected]
2
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Ole Worms Allé, Building 135, 8000, Arhus C., Denmark.
[email protected]
3
Grupo TYPSA, C. Roselló i Porcel 21, 3ª A, 08016, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected] - [email protected]
4
LEITAT Technological Center, C. de la Innovació 2, 08225, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected].
1
In recent decades, the agricultural practices have increased their performance through intensification of production methods. The most significant impacts are water consumption
93
and increased load of nutrients in aquifers. Between 50 and 80% of nitrogen in water is contributed by nitrogen fertilizers from agriculture runoff. This pollution has produced a sharp
increase of nitrate vulnerable zones. To minimize these impacts, a constructed wetland system was designed to treat the agricultural runoff. In order to decrease the diffuse pollution
from nitrate fertilizers, a 100% of the effluent will be recirculated in the wetland and reused
for crop irrigation. The biological sizing of the constructed wetland was done with the PKC*
method. The system will be built in the 2014 summer and the first results will be obtained
during the fall. The design objective is to obtain effluents with a 95% reduction of the organic
pollution (BOD5), and a decrease of 50 % in the nitrogen content. The use of constructed
wetlands with a 100% recirculation of the effluent, is effective for diffuse pollution control
of runoff, in order to be reused for crop irrigation and, at the same time, to reduce the agricultural water consumption.
Mangrove plantation and breakwater systems for shoreline
protection: Long-term assessment of the mangrove
rehabilitation project at Sungai Haji Dorani, Malaysia
motamedi, shervin1; roslan Hashim2; song Ki-iL3
1
2
3
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia, [email protected]
Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia, [email protected]
Department of Civil Engineering, University of INHA, South Korea Republic, [email protected]
Shorelines routinely experience enormous brutality of nature. Nearly one-third of the world’s
population resides in coastal areas, and, as the sea level continues to rise, protecting shorelines has become essential. The conventional approach for protecting shorelines would be
to use “Hard Structures” such as dikes, revetments, and breakwaters. However, the introduction of artificial measures might remarkably damage the coastline ecologies. This paper
presents an approach that combines “Soft Intervention” with “Hard Structures” for coastal
protection. Hard engineering measures together with ecological development involving the
cultivation of mangrove plantations were implemented to assess their contributions to
shoreline protection. Further, a review of the trends in Malaysian coastal protection since
1950 is presented. An example of the implementation of eco-engineering technologies at
Sungai Haji Dorani (SHD), Selangor, Malaysia, is discussed through post-assessment methods
with regard to sedimentological stratum, mangrove establishment, cross-section profile, and
cost estimation. Finally, we discuss the extent to which the mangrove replantation project
was successful. The beach at SHD is muddy and flat and was found to be biologically suitable
for future replantation of mangroves.
Monitoring network and preliminary results to investigate
Andalusian wetlands associated with evaporitic karst aquifers
mudarra-martínez, matías1; Bartolomé Andreo-navarro1; Luis Linares Girela2; francisco Carrasco Cantos1
Department of Geology and Centre of Hydrogeology at the University of Malaga (CEHIUMA), Malaga, 29071,
Spain. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Academy of Science of Malaga. [email protected]
1
2
The hydrogeological characterization of aquifers related to evaporitic rocks and associated
wetlands is a fundamental aspect to know the origin and functioning of these areas, to im-
94
prove their management, as well as to propose measures of restoration and water protection.
In Andalusia (southern Spain), a wide extension of terrain constituted fundamentally by clays
and evaporite rocks (gypsum and salt) exists. All these materials, termed Chaotic Subbetic
Complexes (CSC) constitute an aquifer by dissolution/karstification processes, which together
collapse and subsidence phenomena, sinkholes and surface depressions, are favorable places
for wetlands formation. Wetlands and springs placed at lower altitudes are associated with
large (regional) groundwater flows, of greater residence time within the aquifer, and they
normally drain high salinity waters. Wetlands located in these contexts turn into discharge
places of groundwater (discharge wetlands), where the period of seasonal flood is generally
prolonged or even permanent. If phreatic groundwater level remains below the bottom of
wetlands, this constitutes a recharge component in the water balance of the aquifer (recharge
wetlands); they are generally ephemeral and with low salinity water. Finally, wetland areas
located in an intermediate position between recharge and discharge zones (transit wetlands)
do not constitute the last destination of groundwater flows, but rather those go towards other
wetlands and springs situated at lower altitudes. We present preliminary results of a monitoring network established to characterize the functional geological-hydrogeological context
of wetlands and saline springs existing in the Andalusian evaporitic karst aquifers. With these
aims, three main pilot sites have been selected, distributed in different sectors of CSC. In each
of them, a climatic control of the wetlands is performed by means of meteorological automatic stations (hourly record), equipped with evaporimeter tank. In thçe most representative
wetlands of each pilot site, data logger devices with hourly record have been installed in order
to control water level variations. Likewise, the most relevant springs of each sector have been
monitored with data logger devices, providing an hourly record of discharge, water temperature and electrical conductivity. In several springs, it has been necessary to adapt gauging
stations equipped with V-notch weir for an accurate measuring of outflows. Other endorheic
areas and water points (minor springs and wells) located in the CSC are regularly monitored
(discontinuous measurements). Water samples are being taken in all points (springs and wetlands) for subsequent chemical analysis in the laboratory.
Biogeochemical cycles in salt marshes from the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina): an overview
negrin, Vanesa L.(a,b); sandra e. Botté(a,b) ; Paula d. Pratolongo(a,b) ; Gabriela González Trilla
Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO, CONICET, CCT-Bahía Blanca), Camino La Carrindanga
km 7,5, Edificio E-1 CC 804, (8000) Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
(c )(a)
Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670,(8000)
Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
(d)
Laboratorio de Ecología, Teledetección y Eco-Informática, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Ambiental
(3iA), (1650) San Martín , Argentina
(b)
Salt marshes are recognized worldwide for their key role in the biogeochemical cycling of
elements. The Bahia Blanca estuary (Argentina) is a mesotidal system subjected to a unique
combination of large interanual climatic variations and a transgressive rising sea level during
the Holocene. This estuary holds the largest system of deep water ports in Argentina and is
surrounded by cities and industries. Salt marshes are well-developed. We offer an insight
on the biogeochemical cycles of heavy metals and nutrients in salt marshes based on the
95
research which is being carrying out since 2000. The main halophytic species in the area,
Spartina alterniflora and Sarcocornia perennis, accumulate some heavy metals in their tissues, but the former shows a higher allocation of them in belowground biomass and the
later in aboveground biomass. Both species are modifiers of the distribution of inorganic nutrients in porewater, although tidal flooding is also a significant factor. Even though primary
productivity is low, decomposition rates, especially from S.perennis, suggest an adequate
recycling of elements through their tissues. Observed patterns are being altered due to
changes in land cover, through S.perennis erosion and S.alterniflora expansion. Ongoing research will shed light of the complex patterns in this dynamic ecosystem.
Chemistry of water and soil in Central European ponds:
relationship with land use and morphology
novikmec, milan1; marek svitok1; dušan Kočický2; Ladislav Hamerlík3; richard Hrivnák4; Judita Kochjarová5; Helena oťaheľová4; Peter Paľove-Balang6
1
Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-96053 Zvolen,
2
ESPRIT, Ltd., Pletiarska 2, PO BOX 27, SK–969 27 Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, e-mail: [email protected]
3
[email protected]
4
Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovakia, [email protected]
5
Botanical Garden – detached unit, Comenius University, Blatnica 315, SK-03815Blatnica, Slovakia, [email protected]
6Institute of Biological and Ecological Sciences, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-040 01 Košice,
Ponds, unlike large water bodies, are known to have small catchments. As a consequence,
physicochemical attributes of ponds are thought to reflect primarily local conditions (geological, hydrological and microclimatic, vegetation, anthropic influence, etc.). For better understanding the relationship between water and soil chemistry of ponds and characteristics of
their catchments, we sampled almost 100 ponds in Slovakia (Central Europe). The studied
ponds were located from lowland to mountain zones across the complex gradient of different
geographical and ecological conditions. Detailed characteristics of soil and water chemistry
were analysed in relation to data on ponds morphology and GIS-derived data on catchment
size and land use. We tested a widely cited assumption that catchment size increases in parallel with increasing pond size. We also assessed the relationships between water and soil
chemistry and the proportion of land-use categories (e.g. agricultural land, forests, meadows,
urban and industrial areas) in their catchments. Relationship between pond size and catchment area was found to be weak, meaning that small ponds do not necessary drain small
catchments and vice versa. Water and soil chemistry of studied ponds was found to be related
to the catchment land use and pond area.
This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract
No. APVV-0059-11.
96
Promoting biodiversity in urban ponds: identification
of the major determinants of species richness and implications
for pond management
oertli, Beat1; demierre eliane2; ilg Christiane3
1
2
hepia, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, [email protected]
Urban ponds are often characterised by a low biodiversity, hosting mainly generalist species.
An appropriate management can nevertheless optimize the biodiversity and promote for
example flagship groups as dragonflies or amphibians. Here we aimed at identifying the main
parameters explaining the species richness of contrasted taxonomic groups (aquatic plants,
dragonflies, aquatic beetles, molluscs, amphibians) in about hundred ponds of a large European city (Geneva, Switzerland). At pond scale, richness of most taxonomic groups was positively correlated with the surface area, the pond naturalness (i.e. vegetated shoreline), the
coverage of the water surface by vegetation, and the naturalness of the substrate. Fish and
waterfowl occurrence, a disturbance frequent in urban ponds, led to a decrease in species
richness. Sealed areas (e.g. roads, buildings) located in the surroundings of the ponds also
negatively influenced richness of all taxonomic groups. Based on our results, we produced
an “Urban Pond Management Guide” providing recommendations for pond creation and
management in cities. As an example, a new urban pond should be large and located in a
“green” environment in order to host potentially a high biodiversity. Further, diverse aquatic
vegetation structures should be favoured and the development of fish and waterfowl population restricted.
Influence of operational parameters on nutrients removal
in surface-flow constructed wetlands treating eutrophicated
water. Experience in L’Albufera de Valencia Lake
oliver, núria; miguel martín; sara Gargallo; Carmen Hernández-Crespo.
Instituto Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cno. de Vera s/n. Valencia.
Operational parameters influences on nutrient removal were evaluated from April 2009 to
October 2012 in a surface-flow constructed wetland (CW) treating eutrophicated water from
Lake L’Albufera de Valencia (Valencia, Spain). This CW received among 0.014 and 0.160 m d1
of water with significant seasonally variable concentration of N and P species. Inflow nitrogen was mostly dissolved inorganic nitrogen [DIN] (61% of TN), and more concretely
nitrates (76% of DIN). On the contrary, phosphorus was mainly in particulate form (77% of
TP). The main mechanism for nitrogen removal was nitrification-denitrification and for phosphorus it was sedimentation. Average removal rates (mean±SD) were 58.23±53.98 gN m-2yr1
for TN, 8.68±22.15 gN m-2yr-1 for NH4+, 38.36±38.85 gN m-2yr-1 for NO3-, 6.96±8.30 gP m-2yr-1
for TP and 2.87±6.95 gP m-2yr-1 for PO43-. The mass efficiency was 47% for TN, 57% for NH4+,
62% for NO3-, 54% for TP and 71% for PO43-. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal were seasonally dependent, with greater nitrogen removal rates and efficiencies in spring and higher
phosphorus removal rates and efficiencies in autumn. It was mainly due to different inflow
concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the wetland among seasons, rather
than temperature. Phosphorus removal efficiency increased with increasing HLR up to 32 m
yr-1. In contrast, HLR did not affect nitrogen removal. Other external factors such as vegetation cover, presence of birds or drying of the CW also had influence in removal rates.
97
Ecological requirements of Tanymastix stagnalis (L., 1758)
(Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in a comparative framework:
the case of Malladasde El Saler (Valencia, Spain)
olmo, Carla; deborah fandos; Xavier Armengol; raquel ortells
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva. Universitat de València. Valencia Spain, [email protected]
Knowledge on the ecological requirements of a species is essential to determine its distribution at a local or regional scale which should provide invaluable information allowing for
the development of appropriate conservation management policies. Malladas de El Saler is
a mosaic of peridunal ponds in the Mediterranean region with a stepwise restoration during
the past 20 years. Studies in the area have shown that the only anostracan present, T. stagnalis, is restricted to one, or very few ponds. It is not clear why it has not become established
in more of the similar and, apparently suitable, temporary water bodies. Understanding the
most important ecological parameters constraining the presence of this species is the main
objective of the present work. Aiming at testing two contrasting hypothesis (limited dispersal
vs. habitat unsuitability), we combined field observations and laboratory experiments to determine the ecological requirements of this large branchiopod and the possibility of future
establishment in nearby ponds. First, we compare the typical habitat of T. stagnalis to two
more ponds in the vicinity. Second, we used translocation experiments with eggs and adult
individuals in small mesocosms in the lab to measure life span and egg production. Our results suggest that conductivity is a key factor explaining the presence of T. stagnalis. In the
field the species is restricted to low conductivity levels, and in the lab, fertility and hatchability are limited when conductivity increases. This explains the absence in one of the tested
ponds but not in the other. We discuss possible explanations for these results and suggest
several measures in order to contribute to the species establishment in the area.
Should I stay or should I go? Hatching decisions under high
population densities
ortells, raquel; manuel serra; maria José Carmona
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i biología Evolutiva. Universitat de València. Valencia Spain, [email protected]
Diapause is an adaptation to escape unfavorable environmental conditions and disperse in
space and time. Entering and terminating diapause are thus important life history switch
points, whose timing affects fitness. A selective advantage in the ability of diapausing stages
to respond to signals indicating likely adverse or favorable conditions is expectable. Delayed
hatching decisions must be suitably hedged against the costs that arise from staying dormant
in the sediment. However in unpredictable environments such as temporary Mediterranean
ponds, this decision is not straightforward because environmental cues may be misleading.
Alternatively, some organisms such as cyclically parthenogenetic rotifers use biotic cues for
switching phases in the life cycle. In the genus Brachionus, the induction of sexual diapausing
egg production is induced by a chemical signal produced by the rotifers themselves, which
accumulates in the environment during crowding. We tested whether rotifer diapausing eggs
from two sympatric species can also detect these infochemicals from the presence of conspecific and co-generic high population densities and if that affects diapausing eggs hatching
strategies. Using a random block design, we isolated diapausing eggs from B. plicatilis and B.
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manjavacas in three treatments: 1) filtered medium from a crowded culture of conspecifics,
2) filtered medium from a crowded culture of congenerics and 3) filtered algal food medium
acting as control. Results showed that at least one species could assess environmental quality
by sensing infochemicals during dormancy, and adjust hatching strategies accordingly. B. plicatilis preferred overcrowding conditions to mortality hazards in the sediment. This suggests
an adaptation to unpredictable environments in arid regions, where rainfall is scarce and the
probability of having consecutive good years is smaller than the probability of burying in the
sediment and deteriorate.
Pond with life-an environmental education campaign for pond
conservation and pedagogical exploration in Portugal
Palhas, Jael1; Armando Alves2; eunice sousa3; José Teixeira4
1
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal, [email protected]
2
[email protected]
3
[email protected]
4
[email protected]
“Ponds with Life” (“Charcos com Vida”) is a pond conservation and environmental education
campaign. This project encourages the inventory, adoption, construction, conservation and
pedagogical exploration of ponds. It also aims to contribute to public awareness about these
important and threatened habitats, and the contact and exploration of its biodiversity. In
this communication we resume the results of almost 4 years of the project. From November
2010 to mid-June 2014 the project had 1740 ponds recorded in the Pond Inventory, 191 participating entities and 40 adopted ponds. The project expanded to Spain with the collaboration of ADEGA, which is coordinating the campaign in Galicia and developed new ways to
work with the schools and general public. The project is in constant evolution, and several
challenges involve the capacity of finding long-term funding programs and evaluating the
project accomplishment to design more effective ways to communicate Ponds in future. The
project communication effectiveness is being evaluated through queries to different target
public and in this presentation we’ll also discuss some preliminary results.
Water purification from nitrogen as an ecosystem service
from a constructed surface flow wetland treating agricultural
drainage water
Pappalardo, salvatore 1; maurizio Borin1
University of Padova, DAFNAE – Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment –
Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16 – 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy, [email protected]
1
The framework of ecosystem services embodies, at present time, a powerful tool both to ecologically-economically assess values of agro-ecosystems and to concretely convey operativeapplicative models for a more sustainable rural development. Among all, an essential
ecosystem service is water purification, mostly provided by natural and semi-natural wetlands
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at multiple scales. In fact, even if wetland systems play a crucial role in supplying all of ecosystem services, the efficiency in nutrient and sediment retention, and water purification, so
that they can trap and retain 80 to 90% of sediment from runoff and eliminate 70 to 90% of
entering nitrogen (N). The natural ability of wetlands to trap nutrients is also well mimed by
constructed wetlands which may assume even more importance, at territory scale, in treating
agricultural drainage water, by reducing N load and protecting surface and ground water. The
aim of this work is to evaluate a long term field experiment of a 0.32 ha constructed surface
flow wetland, vegetated with Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. and Typha latifolia (L.), in abating diffuse N contamination from a 6 ha of intensive cropping system (12 plots), located in
NE of Italy. The analysis is based on a in an ongoing experiment (1998), structured on a factorial combination of two farmland drainage systems (conventional and controlled drainage)
and two management criteria (surface by ditches and subsurface by plastic pipes) with three
replicates. Preliminary results confirm again relevant abating both N-NO3 and total N with
an apparent removal efficiency of about 90%. The major quantity of removed N seems to be
stored in vegetation and soil; on contrast only 6% was estimated as being lost by denitrification processes. These agricultural constructed wetlands may also provide several ancillary
regulating ecosystems services such as phosphorus and sediment retention, but also enhance
biodiversity and landscape values.
Functional diversity of macrophytes in kettle hole types
Pätzig, marlene1; Thomas Kalettka2
1
Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Institute of Landscape Hydrology, Eberswalder Str. 84, D15374 Müncheberg, Germany, [email protected], [email protected]
Kettle holes are hotspots of biodiversity in the preferably agricultural used young moraine
landscape of North-East Germany. These small pond-like depressional wetlands are highly
variable ecosystems, mainly due to their diverse hydrogeomorphic characteristics, which in
turn leads to a diverse macrophyte occurrence. The characteristics of kettle holes have been
independently classified into both, hydrogeomorphic (HGM) types and succession (SUC)
types of dominant vegetation. So far, there are neither studies which addressed the distribution of succession types within HGM-types nor about the macrophyte assemblages in succession types.
Our study was based on 144 kettle holes of a large dataset from the federal state of Brandenburg including 9 HGM-types and 9 SUC-types. Functional diversity of macrophytes was
determined on the basis of plant life- and -growth forms.
Frequency distribution showed significant dependency of succession types on hydrogeomorphic types of kettle holes. Although, we found no differences in taxa- and growth form
richness, significant differences were obtained for species composition and composition of
growth forms between succession types. Based on these results we suggest that a combination of hydrogeomorphic and succession types showing different macrophytes communities might be possible. Such profound classification of kettle holes would help to establish
effective conservation strategies.
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Does pond size matter? Breeding site use of amphibian
communities in a mixed landscape of Central Europe
Péntek, Attila L.1; Csaba f. Vad2; Katalin Zsuga3; Zsófia Horváth4
1
Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2103 Gödöll_, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
2
Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
3
Fácán sor 56, H-2100, Gödöll_, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
4
WasserCluster Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, AT-3293, Lunz am See, Austria,
[email protected]
Pond-breeding amphibians occupy distinct habitat patches, often by covering relatively large
distances, hence they are excellent subjects for metapopulation and metacommunity studies. In two years with contrasting rainfall (2012 and 2013), we recorded the presence of amphibian species in more than 100 waterbodies in a mixed landscape (mosaic of deciduous
forests, natural grasslands and agricultural fields) of Central Europe, along with local habitat
characteristics. Data were evaluated within the metacommunity framework. We found 10
amphibian species in 87 waterbodies. Local variables, landscape factors and space all appeared to be significant determinants of the metacommunity structure. We found greater
influence of local factors on the amphibian metacommunities, but dispersal among breeding
sites also mattered. Our results were highly similar for the two years. Species richness was
only driven by local and spatial variables. Most species preferred waterbodies with large surface area and dense vegetation in both years. We found positive species-area relationships,
and the correlation was stronger in the wet year of 2013 than in 2012. Similar studies are
necessary to gain essential knowledge for conserving endangered amphibians.
Results of a mire monitoring (2008-2013) in Navarre (NE Spain)
after fencing to control livestock and ditch damming
to re-install hydrological balance
Peralta, Javier1; Patxi Heras2; marta infante2; Asun Berastegi3
Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia, 31016
Pamplona, Spain, [email protected]
Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava, c/ Siervas de Jesús 24, 01001 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain,
[email protected]
3
Gestión Ambiental de Navarra, S.A., c/ Padre Adoain 219, 31015 Pamplona-Iruña, Navarra, Spain,
[email protected]
1
2
Belate mire (NE Spain) displays a diverse vegetation consisting of three mire habitats, wet
heaths [Habitats Directive type 4020], Molinia meadows [6410] and transition mires [7140],
and two wet facies of grasslands: acidophilus Danthonia decumbens [6230] and mesic Cynosurion cristati pastures. It is located in an area extensively used for livestock grazing that has
been profoundly altered throughout time by drainages, grazing and manuring. In 2008 began
a reclamation project to enhance mire habitats and species by controlling livestock entrance
with fences and increase waterlogging by blocking ditches with 11 wooden dams. 14 plots
of 1 sq m were established to monitorize possible changes. In each of them were recorded
all the species, their cover, and vegetation maximum height, both before (2008) and after
measures were implemented (2009-2013). Univariate analysis by repeated measures ANOVA
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and Friedman’s test applied on plant cover, number of species and vegetation height through
time, showed an increase in overall vegetation cover and that of hydrophytic species, as well
as of vegetation maximum height. Multivariate analysis by canonical constrained ordination
revealed a floristic turnover through time with expansion of hidrophytes and changes in vegetation from wet pastures towards Molinia meadows and helophytic plant communities.
Nitrogen removal in a fluvial wetland: macrophyte-bacteria
interactions and relevance at the basin scale
Pinardi, monica1,2; elisa soana1,3; mariano Bresciani2; Paolo Villa2; marco Bartoli1
Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma Italy; [email protected]; [email protected]
National Research Council, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, CNR-IREA, Milano Italy;
3
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara Italy; [email protected]
1
2
The Mincio River (northern Italy) hosts ~23 km2 of wetlands including common reed (Phragmites australis), sedges (Carex spp.), floating leaved (Nelumbo nucifera, Nuphar lutea, Trapa
natans) and submerged plants (Vallisneria spiralis, Ceratophyllum demersum). Such relict
area (~3% of the Mincio watershed), laying within an heavily exploited basin for agriculture
and animal farming, is protected as Site of Community Importance, Regional Park and Natural
Reserves, and part of World Heritage by UNESCO. Due to its metabolic capacity, it can
process a large amount of nitrogen via combined uptake, temporary retention, burial and
denitrification. This can be relevant in the context of the nitrate directive, as mass budget
reveal a large nitrogen surplus (~7500 t N y-1). We performed experimental measurements
and calculation by means of biogeochemical and remote sensing approaches and literature
data, to estimate N uptake in different groups of macrophytes and phytoplankton, and denitrification rates in sediments. Our results suggest that ~1600 t y-1 of N surplus is exported
outside the Mincio basin. The major part of the N is retained in the watershed, mainly due
to primary producers uptake, in particular by reeds (40% of N surplus) followed by pelagic
(macrophytes and epiphytes) and benthic denitrification.
LIFE Charcos: Temporary Ponds Conservation in the Southwest
Coast of Portugal
Carla Pinto-Cruz, Carla1; Ana Lumbreras Corujo2; Anabela Belo1; rita Alcazar3
Portugal ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal
2
ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap.
94, 7002-554 Évora,
3
LPN – Liga para a Protecção da Natureza, Centro de Educação Ambiental do Vale Gonçalinho (CEAVG), Apartado
84, 7780-909 Castro Verde, Portugal
1
Mediterranean Temporary Ponds (MTP), are classified as priority habitat (3170*) for conservation by the Habitats Directive. LIFECharcos project is ongoing since July 2013 until December 2017, in the coastal plain of southwest Portugal, classified under the European
Natura 2000 Network as Site of Community Importance (SCI Costa Sudoeste). This area hosts
a large number of MTP, as a consequence of climatic and edaphic characteristic. In the last
two-decade, modern industrialized agriculture and tourism are causing a steep decline of
this habitat in this area. Traditionally seen as non-productive areas, MTP are nowadays subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures, such as deep soil turning, accelerated drainage,
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flattening the surface topography or transformation into permanent reservoirs for irrigation.
Therefore, it is urgent to act in order to halt this decrease trend and assure their long-term
protection. Thus, the main aim of LIFECharcos project is to enhance the MTP conservation
status in SW Portugal. We expected to undertake conservation and restoration actions in at
least 16 MTP. Preparatory actions, like the biodiversity assessment and cartography, are
now almost complete. Since MTP are privately owned, agreements with landowners are
being settled to pursue the demonstration of best practices on MTP restoration. The most
important challenges are the temporary ponds ecological restoration, as well as the increase
of public awareness. Concrete conservation actions include grazing management, MTP seed
bank establishment, increase pond connectivity and a didactic pond for awareness.
Agronomic utilization and nutritional enrichment of wetlands
through cultivation of Aeschynomene aspera (L.)
Poddar, Parthendu
Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (North Bengal Agricultural University), Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal,
INDIA-736165
Wetland comprises 6.4% (855.8 million ha.) of the World’s total land area. Survival of human
civilization is intimately linked with wetlands since 4500 B.C. In India, a vast geographical
area (about 25-30% of the coast and North- Eastern plains) in low-lying situations is exposed
to water logging during rainy season every year. During peak rainy months floods make them
swampy/marshy and almost they get turned to out of cultivation. The economy of the poor
marginal and sub-marginal farmers of wetland areas in eastern India can be improvised
through the cultivation of different crops. Several food crops like deep water rice, water
chest nut (Trapa bispinosa), taro (Colocasia esculenta), makhana (Euryale ferox) comprise
an integral component of this eco-system. The aquatic medicinal plants—bramhi, kesuti,
Ipomoea, kulekhara, Enhydra, thankuni, water cress are being used in a wide scale commercially across the globe to produce various human bio-medicines. Another category is aquatic
food cum ornamental plants like lotus, water lily, royal water lily etc. Besides this, the aquatic
plant diversity includes non-food commercial crops like hogla, matreed, calamus, shoal
(Aeschynomene aspera) and aquatic fodder crops like water grass, coix etc. It is also to be
mentioned here that aquatic weeds cum plants of biomass like water hyacinth, Pistia, Hydrilla, Azolla and algae can profitably be used for succeeding arable crops like rice, wheat,
oil seeds as resourceful biomass. The present study concentrated on making profitable utilization of waste wetlands through cultivation of Aeschynomene aspera, which is a highly
profitable genus. Preliminary survey with the farmers proved that this crop is raised only as
per their traditional practice without much care. With a view to evaluate the most economically viable nutrient source with dose and most feasible method of planting, two separate
field experiments were fitted in Randomised Block Design with four replications and five
treatments each. In Experiment I treatments were P1 : Control, P2 : FYM @ 2 t / ha, P3 : Vermicompost @ 2 t / ha, P4 : N: P2O5:K2O :: 20:40:20 kg/ha and P5 : FYM @ 2 t/ha + N: P2O5:K2O
:: 20:40:20 kg/ha. In Experiment II treatments were T1 : Direct seeding , T2 : Transplanting
with spacing 50 X 50 cm, T3 : Transplanting with spacing 70 X 70 cm, T4 : Transplanting with
spacing 90 X 90 cm and T5 : Transplanting with spacing 110 X 110 cm. From the present findings, it can be concluded that raising of nursery and transplanting in the main field with a
spacing 70 cm X 70 cm & application of N:P:K::20:40:20 kg/ha in the transplanted main field
may be advocated for maximization of profit and higher return-cost ratio of 1.63:1. Approx-
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imately, Rs.9500.00 per hectare can be earned net from the cultivation of Aeschynomene
and thus poverty of poor marginal and sub marginal farmers of wetland areas can be alleviated to some extent.
Role of wetlands in aater cycling and local climate formation
in agricultural landscapes
Pokorný, Jan1; Petra Hesslerová1; Hanna Huryna1,2; Vladimír Jirka1
ENKI, o.p.s. Třeboň, Dukelská 145, CZ-379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic, [email protected]
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, , Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
1
2
CCrop plants do not tolerate flooding. Arable fields are therefore drained. Aeration of soil
results in rapid mineralisation of soil organic matter, soil acidification on the one side and
eutrophication of waters on the other. Drainage shifts the distribution of solar energy from
evapotranspiration to sensible heat. Airship thermal scanning of surface temperature (Ts)
and ground measurements of air temperature (Ta) showed well balanced daily temperature
dynamics and slow morning temperature increase in forests and wetlands. Ts of dry land
with sparse vegetation were by up to 20 oC higher than Ts of wetlands and forests. The air
temperature (Ta) measured in a screen 2 m above ground level are used as indicators of climate change. Large differences between surface temperature (Ts) and air temperature (Ta)
of almost 15 oC were found at sites with sparse vegetation. At the same time Ts of wetlands
was even slightly lower than Ta. Dense vegetation supplied with water keeps surface temperature lower, reduces the vertical gradient of temperature and therefore reduces water
loss. Differences in vertical temperature gradients in crops, wetland vegetation and forests
on a clear summer day are shown in thermo-vision pictures. Shown are daily series and
monthly budgets of sensible and latent heat fluxes (evapotranspiration) measured in wetland
and crop vegetation. We assume that dense vegetation of wetlands loses less water than
crop fields with hot soil surface. The design of agriculture landscapes for closing the water
and nutrient cycles is discussed.
Aquatic vertebrates and macrofauna habitat relationships in
coastal wetlands from Andalucía (S Spain)
Prenda, José1; Adrián ramos-merchante1; isabel redondo2; silvia rubio3
1 Departamento de Biología Ambiental y Salud Pública. Universidad de Huelva (UHU). Campus universitario de El
Carmen, Avda. Andalucía s/n, 21071, Huelva, España. [email protected]
2
Instituto Andaluz de Caza y Pesca Continental. Consejería de Medio Ambiente. Junta de Andalucía
3
Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua de Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía
Wetlands are essential habitats for aquatic biodiversity, especially for fish and other large size
fauna. Many fish species complete their life cycle within littoral wetlands as they provide
feeding grounds, suitable areas for reproduction and refuge for different phases of development. However, many of these systems suffer many impacts from human activities, especially
in densely populated areas as the southern Iberian coasts. In this work, we present the taxonomic composition of littoral wetlands macrofauna and aquatic vertebral communities; we
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define the main species assemblages and its relationships with habitat features. A total of 22
fish species were captured besides other eight large sized aquatic species. The most frequent
species was the eel (Anguilla anguilla), followed by the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps). The organization of this aquatic biodiversity depended upon a saline gradient. Finally,
several aspects on the conservation of these systems and its associated biodiversity in highly
impacted areas are discussed.
Trophic interaction effects on size distributions
in aquatic communities
Quintana, Xavier d.1*; matías Arim2; Anna Badosa3; José maría Blanco4; dani Boix5; sandra
Brucet6; Jordi Compte7; Juan J. egozcue8; elvira de eyto9; ursula Gaedke10; stéphanie
Gascón11; Luis Gil de solá12; Kenneth irvine13; erik Jeppesen14; Torben L. Lauridsen15; rocío
López-flores16; Thomas mehner17; susana romo18; martin søndergaard19
1
Institute of Aquatic Ecology. University of Girona. Faculty of Sciences. Av. Mª Aurèlia Capmany, 69. 17071.
Girona. Spain. [email protected]
2
Sección Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, Univ. de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. [email protected]
3
Department of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD)-CSIC Sevilla, Spain. [email protected]
4
Department of Ecology and Geology, University of Málaga, Spain. [email protected]
5
[email protected]
6
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Vic, Vic, Spain. [email protected]
7
[email protected]
8
Department of Applied Mathematics III, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
[email protected]
9
Marine Institute, Furnace, Newport, Co. Mayo, Ireland. [email protected]
10
University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany. [email protected]
11
[email protected]
12
Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Málaga, Spain. [email protected]
13
Zoology Department, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland. [email protected]
14
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark. [email protected]
15
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark. [email protected]. [email protected]
16
Area de Ecología, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain.
[email protected]
17
Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes,
Berlin, Germany. [email protected]
18
Area de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
Size diversity was used to investigate patterns in size distribution of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish assemblages in response to trophic interactions. Size diversity was computed based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity expression, adapted to a continuous variable,
such as body size. At all trophic levels the increase in biomass of potential predators reduced
size diversity of prey by concentrating their sizes in a narrow range. At the upper trophic levels (zooplankton and fish), size distributions became more diverse when potential resource
availability was low, suggesting that competitive interactions promote a diversification of
aquatic communities by size. This pattern was not found in phytoplankton size distributions,
where size diversity mostly increased with low zooplankton grazing and/or high nutrient
availability. Our results suggest, at least for consumers, an interplay between predation,
leading to an accumulation of organisms in the less predated size classes, and competition,
promoting a wider size distribution.
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Diversity and distribution of aquatic Heteroptera in Slovakia:
the importance of small standing waters
reduciendo Klementová, Barbora1; marek svitok1; milan novikmec1; Zuzana matúšová1
1
Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-96053 Zvolen, Slovakia, [email protected]
Water bugs (Heteroptera) are poorly studied group of aquatic insects in Slovakia. The latest
published checklist comprised 28 species and 2 genuses without more precise specification.
Since 2011, we have focused closely on this group and investigated more than 600 lotic and
lentic sites for presence of aquatic Heteroptera. Material from those sites was supplemented
by material from 94 small standing waters investigated under the project BIOPOND
(www.biopond.sk). At the present, 54 species of aquatic Heteroptera are known from Slovakia. Among those, an expansive species Anisops sardeus was recorded for the first time
and Slovakia is currently the northernmost boundary of its distribution. We compared diversity of heteropterofauna of various aquatic habitats and showed that small standing waters (ponds) are key habitats for maintenance of water bug diversity. Ponds, regardless of
their origin (natural or artificial), harbour more rare and uncommon species than any other
aquatic habitat. This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency
under the contract No. APVV-0059-11.
Temporal and small water bodies in modern forests:
a landscape-scale assessment in Estonia
remm, Liina1; Asko Lõhmus1; riinu rannap1
1
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, EE-51014
Tartu, Estonia
Temporal freshwater bodies in forests are important as wildlife habitat and in biomass cycling, but their occurrence in relation to forest management is poorly documented. We conducted a survey of the abundance and characteristics of different small water bodies along
landscape transects in Estonia, considering the effects of artificial drainage (ditching) and
clear-cutting. The area of natural puddles and floods varied by nearly two orders of magnitude among habitat types, mostly according to soil moisture. The total density of lentic small
water bodies was almost equal to the cover of permanent ponds and lakes on the Estonian
land area. The main impact of forestry was the conversion of water body types: natural ones
were partly replaced by ditches and wheel rut pools due to drainage and clear-cutting, respectively. Using brown frogs as an indicator group revealed that these changes are not necessarily detrimental: the frogs were most commonly found to breed in anthropogenic water
bodies in open areas (i.e., clearcuts). The mitigation of forestry impacts on temporal water
bodies should focus on allowing natural flooding in selected areas and on restoring natural
streams.
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Differences in the anaerobic decomposition of Phragmites
australis plant tissue in rewetted and near pristine fens
as determined by FTIR-Spectroscopy
reuter, Hendrik; Jörg Gelbrecht; dominik Zak
Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin, Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Müggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany, [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Rewetting of drained fens often results in the formation of shallow lakes. High exports of
DOC and nutrients and high methane emissions are typical characteristics for these ecosystems. The underlying mechanisms within the anaerobic soil remain poorly understood. We
hypothesized that the elevated carbon turnover activity in the rewetted fen soils, as indicated
by high methane and DOC production, is a consequence of a generally higher anaerobic litter
decomposition rate as compared to natural fens. Therefore, leaf, stalk and rhizome tissue
of Phragmites australis, harvested from one rewetted-calcareous (RC), one near pristinecalcareous (PC) and one acidic fen, were analyzed before and after a 75 day litterbag incubation into the anaerobic soils of these fens. In addition to the dry-weight determination
and elemental analysis, FTIR-Spectroscopy was applied. Dry mass losses were between 5
and 68 per cent. Major differences were based on litter quality (stalk<leaf<rhizome) and soil
properties (RC~PC>acidic fen). Higher degrees of decomposition in the rewetted and pristine
fens went along with decreasing C/N-ratios, while these ratios increased for tissues decomposed in the acidic fen. Intensity changes in the amid-I region of the FTIR spectra closely followed this trend while changes of the carbohydrate signals more closely resembled overall
mass loss, indicating varying degrees of microbial presence and activity. This indicates that
the decomposition mechanisms of fresh plant material in the sediment of RC fens are similar
to those within the peat of a PC fen. Thus, higher methane emissions from RC fens do not in
general indicate smaller carbon sequestration potentials.
Hydrological monitoring of “Los Tollos” playa-lake (Andalusia,
Spain) in the context of its restoration (Life+ “Los Tollos”)
rodríguez rodríguez; miguel1, francisco moral martos2, mario Parra Cachada3
1
2
3
Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Carretera de Utrera, km. 1, 41013, Sevilla. [email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Los Tollos playa-lake is a shallow water body that has been severely affected by mining activities (sepiolite – palygorskite extraction) that took place between 1976 and 1998. The original 81-hectares playa-lake flooded surface was reduced to 55 hectares and the hydrological
regime was modified by means of two open pits adjacent to the playa-lake that were abandoned and flooded after the ceasing of the mining operations. In the context of Los Tollos
Life+ project, the hydrology of the playa-lake and the related aquifers has been studied in
detail. Since year 2012, hydro-meteorological data from an automatic weather station, data
from soil moisture sensors, ground and surface water level information and hydro-geochemical information from periodical samplings were monitored in order to analyse the hydrological response of the different water bodies to the restorations activities. In this sense, a
recovery of the groundwater levels in different sectors of the two main aquifers below the
107
playa lake – the unconfined Quaternary lacustrine aquifer and the confined Pliocene sandy
aquifer – have been detected since the end of the mining activities. Additionally, the hydrochemistry of the different water bodies have been identified and a detailed water balance
has been made throughout the restoration period.
Economic and ecological evaluation of Cartagena´s urban
mangroves forest and proposals for sustainable human
development
rodríguez, mauricio; Tania Jiménez Castilla; netty Huertas
1 Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, [email protected]; [email protected],
[email protected]
Mangroves are one of the most characteristic ecosystems of the Colombian Caribbean. Cartagena is surrounded by estuaries and wetlands where mangroves found place for its development, forming an important part of the public space and taking an adversarial role in the
urban planning policy because in a city with serious constrains for its urban expansion, mangroves and wetland sadly became a “viable” alternative for urban development. In this article
we make an ecological and economic evaluation of the urban mangroves of Cartagena. First,
we analyze the ecological functionality of this ecosystem. Then, using hedonic price modeling
we estimate the effect that mangroves have on the house market. The data used in this
study and the econometric analysis, come from the cadastre office and environmental agencies within Cartagena. The results shows that Cartagena´s urban mangroves under-achieve
the environmental functions expected from these ecosystems, so policies and management
actions should aim to potentiate their real ecological functionality to promote sustainable
human development in the area. Finally, the hedonic estimation reveals a negative correlation between property value and mangrove proximity, indicating that, -on average- property
price is reduced to the extent that it´s located closer tothe mangroves.
Soils in endorheic depressions in northern Monegros, Spain
rodríguez-ochoa, rafael; José ramón olarieta
Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida,
Spain, [email protected]
Endorheic basins are important landscape features in the semiarid Ebro Valley (NE Spain).
Soils in these basins have developed from fine quaternary colluvial detritic sediments under
hydromorphic conditions in a geochemical environment with carbonates, gypsum, other soluble salts, and high pH. In most cases, these soils were artificially drained, and in the case of
the Laguna de Sariñena, the depth of water was artificially controlled. Our objective was to
characterize the soils in these geochemical environments, and their relationship to flooding,
and to carbonatic and saline conditions. We described 10 soil profiles, 8 with artificial
drainage and 2 with controlled depth of water, in 4 endorheic depressions in northern Monegros. These soils were classified as fine, mixed, thermic, Sodic Calcixerept. They were very
deep, imperfectly or poorly drained, and had clayey or silty-clayey texture. Electrical conductivity of the saturated paste was 11.6 ± 4.7 dSm-1 at 25 ºC; sodium adsorption relation
108
(SAR) in the A horizons was 19.5 ± 12.7 and increased in B horizons to 25.8 ± 6.9; and pH
(soil to water 1:2.5) was 8.5 ± 0.1. The content of organic matter in the A horizons was 1.7 ±
0.6%, while that of CaCO3 ranged between 9.5 and 23%. Cation exchange capacity ranged between 11.2 and 20.6 cmol(+)·Kg-1, and the percentage of exchangeable sodium between 16.5%
and 37%. Illite was the main clay mineral in these soils but chlorite also appeared together
with traces of kaolinite. The main soil-forming processes were related to redox reactions, carbonate accumulation, salinity-sodicity, and neoformation of barite and zeolites. The main soil
features associated with hydromorphism were: mottles (Fe-Mn oxides), reduced silt coatings,
oxidation coatings (ferrihydrite), Fe-Mn pisolites (birnessite, goethite), and iron sulfides.
Rhodocrosite (MnCO3) was associated with low-Mg calcite in carbonatic nodules. The occurrence of these processes and associated minerals has been described for the first time in this
semiarid environment.
How ponds differ-or not-from streams in their biotic responses
to drying?
rosset, Véronique1; Albert ruhí2; Thibault datry1
1
2
Irstea, UR Maly, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University. Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
Disturbance regimes play a crucial role in determining composition and dynamics of local
communities. The degree of connectivity among local communities should influence re-colonization speed, and thus resilience, in a given meta-community. We tested this idea by
comparing community responses to drying between lentic and lotic temporary freshwaters,
using published case studies from different biogeographic regions. We found that the importance of unidirectional flow and subsequent enhanced connectivity in streams (as opposed to ponds) explained some contrasts in the structure of invertebrate communities
between ecosystem types. For example, species found in temporary ponds were generally
a subset of permanent pond communities, in particular under cold climates. In contrast, individual temporary stream sites greatly contributed to regional biodiversity due to a high
spatial species turnover, particularly in Mediterranean areas. Conversely, as drying is a severe
challenge for all aquatic organisms, we expected and did find striking similarities across
ecosystem types. For example, both pond and stream species richness was lower in temporary sites in comparison to permanent ones. Overall, these results support the idea that in
meta-communities, connectivity can mitigate the effects of disturbance.
Dispersal and colonization of new ponds by freshwater
macroinvertebrates: the case of water beetles
in alpine landscapes
roulet, Albertine1; Christiane ilg1; Beat oertli1
University of Applied Science of Western Switzerland. [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
1
In ponds, dispersal of aquatic insects in the terrestrial environment through adult’s flight
plays a crucial role in the colonization of new habitats. A better understanding of the dis-
109
persal ability of aquatic invertebrates is needed to allow an optimal efficiency of conservation
measures such as wetland creation and restoration. It is particularly true in the context of
climate warming and the movement of species that it will induce both in altitude and latitude. Little is known on the colonization ability of water beetles in newly created ponds, especially in alpine landscapes. The aim is here to highlight our understanding of how this
taxonomic group will respond to global warming in the future and ensure the sustainability
of populations in altitudinal landscape such as the Alps. In this study we assessed the dispersal ability of alpine water beetles, including the cold stenotherm species threatened by
warming, by a review of the literature supplemented by field experiments. We investigated
thirty new created ponds in the Swiss Alps (Canton Valais) for the assessment of the success
of colonization by aquatic beetles. We also assessed the distance of dispersal through trapping beetles by: (i) horizontal surfaces composed of shiny black plastic sheets laid onto the
ground (modeling water surface), and (ii) artificial pools containing pond water.
Macroinvertebrates colonization and evolution in the WWF
protected area “La Francesa” (Pianura Padana, Italy):
a new man-made pond
ruocco,matteo; Luigi sala; roberto simonini; daniela Prevedelli; ivano Ansaloni
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia - Department of Life Sciences - via Campi, 213/d
41125 Modena (MO) Italy, [email protected]
The WWF protected area “La Francesa”, established in 2005 in the province of Modena
(Emilia-Romagna, Italy), is one of the few areas of natural interest in the low lands of the
province. Originally, it was a land of 23 ha used for agricultural purposes, set aside because
of its low productivity. From the beginnings of the ‘90s, it has been managed in order to recover its naturalness with the planting of native species and, at the end of 2005, a new manmade pond of 8 ha was created to increase its natural value and the variety of the ecosystem.
The present study shows the result of two monitoring surveys carried out during summer
2006 and 2011 to assess the colonization status, and its variation along time, of the macrozoobenthic community of the pond. Samplings were performed with an Ekman bottom grab
sampler and a standardized net in six different stations. Results showed a temporal shift in
species composition due to changes in the habitat, specifically the development of hydrophytic vegetation along the shore favoured by the stabilization of the system, and the
spread of the exotic plant Ludwigia peploides that covered the wet meadow of the pond.
‘Proximity’ and its effect on community assembly
in temporary freshwater pools in Malta
sammut, sheryl; sandro Lanfranco*
Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta.
[email protected], . [email protected]
The relative contribution of ‘regional’ and ‘local’ factors in determining species richness of
aquatic macrophytes, filamentous algal and microcrustacean taxocenes was investigated in
110
17 temporary freshwater pools from four pool landscapes in Malta. The pools were visited
weekly throughout one wet season, from September 2012 to March 2013. Coverage and
abundance of macrophytes (including Charophytes) and filamentous algae was assessed during each visit whilst microcrustaceans were collected, using standard sweeps with a plankton
net, in September, November, December and February. Basin morphometry (surface area,
depth profile, sediment depth) was characterised for each pool during the dry season whilst
pH, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate content of pool water were measured during hydroperiod.
The distances between pools and the connectivity between them were also determined.
The results indicated that spatial separation between pools was more important than environmental factors in determining community similarity across pools. The relationship between community composition and regional and local scales of observation was complex
and was dependent on whether flora or fauna were being considered. Priority effects also
played a role in shaping these communities since monopolisation of resources by the first
pool colonisers may have resulted in biological barriers to late colonisers.
Implications of climate change for rice farming
in the Doñana wetland (SW Spain)
sánchez, Berta1; Ana iglesias2
1
Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,
[email protected]
2
[email protected]
Climate change impacts are expected to affect rice farming and wetlands welfare in the
Doñana protected Area, due to decreases in quantity and quality water supply and higher
temperatures. The largest rice farming area is closely located to the Doñana wetlands in the
Guadalquivir river basin estuary (South Western of Spain). These two systems share a great
dependence on water and natural resources and suitable climate conditions for their proper
functioning. They are highly vulnerable to environmental changes and efforts should be addressed to improve their local adaptive capacity, since they both provide benefits to the society. In this study, we explore the potential impacts for the rice farming in Doñana, its
adaptive capacity and possible adaptation measures for the system. The potential impacts
are identified by combining results from a literature review and stakeholders interviews. We
assess the risk of heat stress under current and projected local-scale climate scenarios. Findings suggest that rice crops will probably suffer water and heat stress during the flowering
and grain filling stage (from august to September) under a drier and warmer climate scenario,
and in turn the natural wetland will be negatively affected by water degradation and scarcity.
Thus, the water conflict among systems will be increased and adaptation measures will be
necessary to ensure the water provision and to maintain the socio-economic and the wetland
ecosystems welfare. We briefly outline the local adaptive capacity of the rice farming and
some of the synergies and trade-offs for the adaptation measures according to the social,
economic and environmental context.
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Self-purification capacity in Riparian wetlands
sánchez-Pérez, J. m. 1,2; sauvage, s. 1,2; Teissier, s.; Bernard-Jannin, L. 1,2; sun, X. 1,2; yao, J. m
1,2
; Gerino m. 1,2; Amiche, C. 1,2; Chamsi, o.1,2; Pinelli, e.1,2; Jean, s. 1,2; Charcosset, J. y. 1,2; Barret,
m. 1,2; Attard, e. 3; Lauga B. 3; duran, r.3; Antiguedad, i. 4; Zabaleta, A. 4; martinez-santos, m.
4
; ruiz, e.4; Comin, f.5; Carranza, f. 5; español, C. 5; navarro, e.5; Bodoque, J. m. 6; Ladera, J. 6;
yela, J.L. 6; Alonso, J. 6; Brito,d. 7; neves, r. 7
1
2
3
EEM, UMR IPREM5254, Université de Pau & Pays de l’Adour, IBEAS, F-64013 Pau, France
4
48940 Leioa (Basque Country), Spain
5
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC); Avda Montañana 1005, 50050 Zaragoza, Spain.
6
Toledo, Spain.
7
The use of water boreholes for drinking water supply is being abandoned (e.g. 440 boreholes/ year in France for the period 1998-2008). The aforementioned is mainly due to problems of quantity or quality of water. The alternative use of surface water is often not feasible
as rivers and groundwater’s are being subjected to the direct effects of pollutants coming
from both point and non point pollution sources (e.g. agriculture, industry). Attenagua is a
research project INTERREG IVB SUDOE (Southwest Europe) funded by the European Regional
Development Fund (ERDF). It is a joint project between Portugal, Spain and French research
teams aimed to study the natural water purification processes. The research teams are developing the project by catching the water in the riverbank. Alluvial wetlands, located at the
interface between the river and the agricultural lands, are suitable to obtain water with better quality than from the surface and groundwater under crop areas. We proposed a mixed
solution based on the use of groundwater where floodplain and the riparian area interfer to
take advantage of the natural attenuation processes. The filtering capabilities and depuration
of riparian wetlands can improve the water quality, reduce the cost of water treatment and
increase the security of the system. The objective of the project is to integrate all the research knowledge on alluvial wetlands to create a method able to identify the best place
where we can extract good quality water from the groundwater.
Metal sequestration by indigenous vegetation in riparian
zones; an ecosystem service to improve water quality
schachtschneider, K.1,2; Jessica Chamier1; Chavon Walters 1; Vernon somerset1
CSIR, Natural Resources and the Environment, P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa; 2 Department of
Botany, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X, 7701 Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
* Corresponding and presenting author; E- mail: [email protected], Tel: +2721 888 2553
1
The study aims to gain a better understanding and initial quantification of the value of metal
sequestering as an ecosystem service to motivate for the use of indigenous vegetation in
river rehabilitation strategies. The extent of the riparian vegetation zones of 5 sites in the
Upper Olifants River catchment, South Africa, was estimated and expressed as a percentage,
based on a hypothetical ideal buffer zone width of 30 metres. The riparian zone was intact
for two of the sites evaluated, sufficient in one and severely compromised in the other two.
112
The capacity of seven widely occurring riparian species to phytoextract and phytostabilise
aluminium (Al), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) from the soil and ultimately improve the river
water quality within these sites was investigated. The highest bioconcentration factors (BCFs)
for Al (10.1), Fe (7.03) and Mn (5.02) were determined for Typha capensis, with the remaining
species having BCFs for Al and Fe between 0.11 and 2.00 with a negligible transfer of Al and
Fe from root to shoot. Phragmites australis, Typha capensis and Juncus effusus would be the
most successful phytostabilisers of Al, Mn and Fe. The value of the ecosystem service was
observed at a site largely altered by mining and dominated by P. australis, which effectively
phytoextracted and phytostabilised large concentrations of Al, Fe and Mn in the soil, likely
contributing to the water quality. A similarly impacted site with only 13% intact buffer vegetation could be rehabilitated by planting a combination of the pollution tolerant, high biomass and Al, Fe and Mn phytostabilising species: P. australis, T. capensis, S. corymbosus and
J. effusus.
Deriving systemic national values for biodiversity
and ecosystem services
seják, Josef1; Jan Pokorný2
1 J. E.Purkyne University, Kralova vysina 7, 400 96 Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic, [email protected]
2 ENKI, o.p.s. Třeboň, Dukelská 145, CZ-379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic, [email protected]
Over the past three or four decades, valuation methodologies for natural capital biodiversity
and ecosystem services have undergone considerable development. However, within the
utilitarian tradition of mainstream economics, monetary values have been dominantly revealed by identifying individuals’ willingness to pay for natural capital benefits and services.
Thus, Costanza et al. (1997, 2014) estimated that globally, wetlands are 75 percent (11 times
in 2014) more valuable than lakes and rivers, 15 times (37 times in 2014) more valuable than
forests, and 64 times (33 times in 2014) more valuable than grasslands. Huge differences
and changes in time disclose the subjectivity and disaffection of those unilateral utilitarian
values from the real thermodynamic efficiency of ecosystems. The paper will discuss the
proper, full concept of economic value and will present two methods of systemic national
valuation of biotopes (Biotope Valuation Method) and dominant four ecosystem services
(Energy-Water-Vegetation Method, based on thermodynamics of ecosystems). These two
methodological approaches show the range of environmental values, from how costly nations are to restore the quality of landscape (biotopes as specific habitats for species) to
their real abilities to replace the core life-supporting services of ecosystems (climatizing service, water retention service, oxygen production, habitats for biodiversity).
Amphibian egg mortality associated to the groundwater
decline of the Doñana aquifer (SW Spain)
serrano, L.1; C. díaz-Paniagua2; C. Gómez-rodríguez3,5; m. florencio2,6 ; m. A. marchand2;
J. G. m. roelofs4; e. C. H. e. T. Lucassen4
Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain, [email protected]
Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain [email protected], [email protected]
Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, Spain, [email protected]
1
2
3
113
4
Environmental Biology, Department of Ecology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [email protected]
5
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, U.K.
6
Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS),
Dep. de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade dos Açores, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
Acidification in groundwater-discharge wetlands is dependent on the interaction between
surface water and groundwater: the stronger the upflow of groundwater discharge and the
longer the time it keeps contact with subsurface sediment, the higher the concentration of
base cations in the surface water to buffer a low pH. In this study, we have detected acidification when the buffering capacity of the sediment has been insufficient to buffer the H+ produced by pyrite oxidation on rewetting after summer desiccation. This would explain the
acidic water episodes (pH<4.5) recorded in some ponds at the onset of the rainy season since
2006. This result suggests that two decades of declining water-table levels have resulted in a
significant reduction of the acid neutralizing capacity due to a decrease in Mg2+ in one of these
ponds. Our field monitoring studies of egg mortality of the Western spadefoot toad (Pelobates
cultripes) showed that all eggs placed at a water pH<5.0 died during the rainy season of
2006/2007, while those placed at pH>5.0 survived. Our results suggest that the decline in
groundwater discharge and the concomitant acidification of the Doñana ponds might be contributing to increase the vulnerability of the Western spadefoot toad in this area.
Conservation and management of freshwater wetlands
in Slovenia-WETMAN
simčič, matej
The Institute of the Republic of Slovenia for Nature conservation, Tobačna ulica 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, [email protected]
Wetlands are one of the most endangered habitats in Slovenia. The main objective of the
project “Conservation and Management of Freshwater Wetlands in Slovenia – WETMAN
(LIFE09NAT/SI/000374)” is the restoration and improvement of conditions on six Slovene
wetlands. All six pilot areas (Pohorje bogs, Vrhe, Planik, Zelenci, Gornji kal and the Mura
oxbow lakes) are also classified as Natura 2000 areas. The project objectives are aimed at
improving favorable conditions of ten endangered plant and animal species and habitats of
Community importance. Main filed actions are aiming at improvement of the hydrological
conditions, removal of overgrowth, removal of invasive non-native fish species from ponds
and oxbow lakes, prevention of destruction of endangered habitats and the disturbance of
endangered species, preparation of guidelines for management of pilot areas and their integration into sector plans, which will ensure a sustainable long-term conservation of pilot
areas. Field actions were (and still are) supported by awareness raising actions both on national and local level. The project started in February 2011 and will end in February 2015.
Project value is 2,144,376 € and it is 50% (1,072,188€) co-financed by the EU “LIFE+ Nature”
financial mechanism. Since the vast majority of all actions has already been completed, we
can already see the effects of our work. As the project applicant, the Institute of the Republic
of Slovenia for Nature Conservation invited the following partners to cooperate: Institute
for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia Forest Service, Fisheries Research Institute
of Slovenia, Municipality Ruše, Municipality Kranjska Gora and Radio-television Slovenia.
114
A functional plant diversity approach of the halophytic
communities of Monegros Desert
solé-senan, X.o.1; Juárez-escario, A.2; Pedrol, J1; del Arco, C3 ; Conesa, J.A1,3
Hortofructiculture, Botany and Gardening Dept/ETSEA-Agrotecnio. University of Lleida
Dept. Vegetal Production and Forestry Science. ETSEA. University of Lleida
3
√Arboretum Lleida Pius Font i Quer. University of Lleida
1
2
Although the Monegros desert (northeastern Iberian Peninsula) is the northern most semiarid area in Europe and one of the regions with largest biodiversity, it has been insufficiently
studied in terms of functional diversity. Moreover, many of the plant communities of the area
are included in the Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and
of wild fauna and flora of the European Union. Our study contributes to fill this gap by providing a functional analysis of the plant communities integrated in 5 habitats commonly found
in the saline lakes of the Monegros desert: (1) pioneering communities of annuals succulent
plants as glassworts and Microcnemum adapted to continental muddy-flat and temporary inundated salt-pans enviroments, (2) perennial salt-pans communities adapted to temporarily
inundated saline soils integrated by succulent chenopodiaceae, (3) Juncus maritimus communities and grass species of wetlands, (4) Communities of highly salt- tolerant species of sea
lavander Limonium and the false esparto grass Lygeum spartium, (5) annual plant communities of Franquenia as indicator plant and ephemeral communities of pioneering species on
inland halophilous hábitats. To characterize the functional diversity of these habitats we focused on 6 plants traits: the Raunkiaer plant life-form, the growth habit, the clonal growth,
the seed dispersal system, the pollination system and the sexual expression. In order to find
differences in the floristic composition between habitats a NMDS was performed and dissimilatiry index was calculed and additionally, a redundance analysis on community-weighted
mean trait values (CWM-RDA) was performed. Differences on plant community compositions
and functional diversity are discussed.
Influence of submerged macrophytes on metazooplankton community-an in situ mesocosm experiment in the eutrophic lake
Špoljar, maria1; Tvrtko dražina1; Jelena fressl2; Jasna Lajtner1; Tea Tomljanović3; daniel matulić3; dora matijašec4; ivana Zrinščak1; Biserka Primc1
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR −
10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
Dvokut ECRO Ltd., Trnjanska 37, HR − 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special Zoology, Svetošimunska 25, HR − 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
4
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of General and Inorganic
Chemistry, Marulićev trg 19, HR − 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
1
Submerged macrophytes and top-down control are two of the key factors that determine
zooplankton assemblages in shallow lakes. We conducted mesocosm experiment in a shallow, turbid and non-vegetated backwater intended for sport fishing (Sutla River watershed,
NW Croatia). We attempted to assess the capacity of submerged macrophytes and fish predation in the lake restoration through altering zooplankton composition. The experiment
was run in situ, from July until October, with naturally present communities, using small (BS,
10 mm, − fish) and large (BL, 40 mm, + fish) mesh sizes for basins construction. In four quad-
115
rants of each basin, 30 Ceratophyllum demersum stems were added. In both mesocosms,
results suggested, a higher species diversity and abundance of metazooplankton in comparison to backwater pelagial. In BL mesocosm, where plankton and macrophytes assemblages
were exposed to fish predation, we observed macrophytes depletion and significantly higher
abundance of small cladocerans compared to BS. In BS mesocosm, without fish predation,
macrophytes retained high density and all metazooplankton groups, protozoans and insect
larvae, achieved a higher abundance in comparison to BL, except small cladocerans. Submerged macrophytes and biomanipulation could be important tools for mitigating eutrophication and natural disturbance (i.e. flooding) that can shift ecosystem diversity and stability.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments
and invertebrates of stormwater detention ponds
stephansen, diana Agnete1; Asbjørn Haaning nielsen2; Thorkild Hvitved-Jacobsen3; Carlos
Alberto Arias4; Hans Brix5; Jes Vollertsen6
1
Section of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark,
[email protected]
2
[email protected]
3
[email protected], 6 [email protected]
4
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1,Bldg. 1135, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark,
[email protected]
5
[email protected]
Urban areas, where the establishment of buildings, roads and pavement result in a high percentage of impervious surfaces, are major concentrators of many pollutants. Therefore, untreated stormwater runoff can be a significant source for environmental pollution of the
receiving water, if not treated prior to discharge. Wet ponds are engineered structures constructed to remove pollutants from stormwater runoff, but between rain events these ponds
also function as small, shallow lakes. Over time these “treatment facilities” become occupied
by wildlife and will hence serve as urban aquatic ecosystems. Depending on the characteristics of the pollutants, these can be taken up and bioaccumulate in the biota. The present
study contributes to the understanding on how PAHs distribute between sediments and
water-dwelling fauna from 20 locations in Denmark (10 wet ponds compared to 10 small
lakes - estimating the background level of PAHs). Samples were extracted using solvent, and
after filtering and nitrogen evaporation, the samples were analyzed by GC-MS for the 16
PAHs recommended by US EPA. The study contributes with knowledge on the fate of PAHs
present in stormwater runoff reaching wet ponds, and increases our understanding of the
role of technical stormwater wet ponds as an urban aquatic ecosystem and wildlife habitat.
Linking ponds to pollination in an agricultural ecosystem
stewart, rebecca1; Zulsdorff, Valentina1
1
Centre for Environment and Climate Change, Lund University
Agriculture is a damaging practice due to vegetation removal, drainage, soil disturbance and
fertiliser use. Agricultural sustainability requires practices that do not have adverse effects
on environmental goods and services, and that lead to more efficient food production. Pollination, biological control and nutrient retention are essential services for sustained produc-
116
tivity of agro-ecosystems, provided by, or enhanced by, the presence of ponds in the landscape and we present a project that aims to investigate this as there is a lack of data linking
aquatic and terrestrial systems in an applied sense. To assess services associated to ponds,
we carried out a field experiment using strawberry plants in 10 sites across Skåne, southern
Sweden. We assessed the diversity of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate communities, from
samples taken during the flowering period, between three treatments consisting of a (1)
pond, (2) vegetation and (3) a homogeneous control (n=10). In addition, we assessed the effectiveness of pollination, using the fruits from the plants. Results show clear differences in
the invertebrate community structure between treatments and the strength of pollination.
We discuss these results in terms of the role that ponds play in agriculture and the future of
pond conservation and management in agricultural ecosystems.
Quantifying the role of the denitrification process in the alluvial
aquifer using SWAT model: the case of the Garonne River
flooplain (France)
sun, Xiaoling1,2; Léonard Bernard-Jannin1,2; Cyril Garneau 1,2; nancy B sammons3; Jeff G
Arnold3; raghavan srinivasan4; sabine sauvage1,2; José-miguel sanchez-Perez1,2
1
2
3
Grassland, soil & water research laboratory USDA-ARS, Temple, TX 76502, USA
4
Spatial Science Laboratory in the Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University,
College Station, TX 77845, USA
As supporting important agriculture activities, alluvial plains often suffer problems of nitrate
pollution in groundwater. For the attenuation of nitrate, denitrification was proved to play
an important role in the floodplain aquifer. However, carbon is always the limit element in
this process. Hyporheic zone is the area where surface water and subsurface water mix. As
surface water contains high organic matters contents, Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)
brought by the river enhance denitrification rate in the hyporheic zone. Modeling is an efficient method to understand processes happening at large spatial and temporal scales and
to quantify these processes in dynamic way. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) is a
semi-distributed model that simulates large watersheds with readily available data and has
been successfully applied all over the world. In this study, a modified version of SWAT has
been used to simulate the transport and transformation of DOC and nitrate in a meander of
the Garonne river floodplain (12 km2) based on data for 2 periods (from 2013 for the calibration period and from 2004 to 2005 for the validation period), based on a) the surfacesubsurface water fluxes exchanges and b) an implementation of a new denitrification
module. Results showed that simulated channel discharge and nitrate concentrations in the
same piezometers matched well with the observed data. The model will be used to quantify
the denitrification processes at the scale of alluvial plain.
Ecotourism on the Finnish peatlands-theoretical prospects
Tanskanen, minna
University of Eastern Finland, Department of Geographical and Historical Studies. P.O.Box 111, FIN-80101 Joensuu, FINLAND, minna [email protected]
During last decades, increase of leisure time and wealth has created ground for different
kind of outdoor activities and lately concepts like ecotourism have taken more and more
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space in general discussions. The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) defines ecotourism
as responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the wellbeing of local people. Naturally, forests, mountains and water areas have played the most
important arenas for ecotourism and recreational use of nature, but like in the context of
Finland, also peatlands has been taken as a stage of ecotourism. In my presentation I will
outline methodological and theoretical viewpoints for ecotourism on the Finnish peatlands.
With introducing some forms of peatland ecotourism and recreational use I will outline the
socio-cultural context in which the activities are happening. After that I will open some theoretical aspects which would be worth to realize for understanding peatlands’ role as a stage
for ecotourim and for creating new ways for increasing recreational use of peatlands.
Ponds, productivity and probes: An experimental approach
to carbon capture
Taylor, scott1; david Cooke; michael Jeffries; michael deary; Geoff Abbott; Peter Gilbert
1
Department of Geography, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST. [email protected]
There is growing understanding of the disproportionately higher productivity of small ponds
compared to larger aquatic systems. With estimates of their global coverage constantly being
revised upwards it is likely that they play an unexpectedly important role in global carbon
cycling. Limited previous research has focused on sediment accumulated in mature ponds,
revealing significant variations in carbon storage between neighbouring and superficially
similar types of pond. Such variations have been attributed to the spatial heterogeneity of
historic and contemporary macrophyte communities. In this exploratory study, three ponds
were constructed, replicating those from previous studies on spatial heterogeneity and carbon storage, with the aim of monitoring spatial variations of water chemistry and primary
productivity from the very start of ecological succession. Preliminary data gave chl a concentrations between 3.1 – 247.9 µg l-1 and maximum nitrate and phosphate levels of 17.1mg
l-1 and 4.48 mg l-1 respectively, demonstrating the intensity of carbon and nutrient cycling
within these small systems. No previous studies, to our knowledge, have monitored ponds
at the start of their life cycles, in an effort to explore the implications for carbon sequestration and storage as the system matures and develops.
Is it possible to eradicate invasive freshwater turtles
from de European wetlands? Results and prospects from LIFE
Trachemys project
Teixeira, José1,2; Vicente sancho3; Bruno martins1; fábia Azevedo4; Ana Cruz5; ignacio
Lacomba3
CIBIO. Casa Salabert, Jardim Botânico do Porto, Rua de Campo Alegre, 1191. 4169-007 Porto. Portugal. [email protected]
2
CIIMAR. Rua dos Bragas, 289 - 4050-123 Porto. Portugal.
3
Servicio de Biodiversidad y Espacios Naturales. Conselleria de Infraestructuras, Territorio y Medio Ambiente.
Francisco Cubells 7. 46011 Valencia. Spain. [email protected].
4
RIAS-ALDEIA. Apartado 29. Bairro de S. Sebastião. Edifício dos Magistrados. 5230-314 Vimioso, Portugal.
5
Parque Biológico de Gaia. Rua da Cunha. 4430-681 Avintes, Portugal.
1
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The introduction of the Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta) in natural habitats in Europe is
of special concern for freshwater native species, as it is classified among the 100 most harmful invasive species in the world. To investigate new forms to mitigate this problem and to
evaluate the possibility of eradication of this species from the wetlands the LIFE+ Trachemys
project, co-funded by the European Commission, was put in action between 2010 and 1013.
The projected aimed to address the negative environmental impacts of exotic invasive turtle
species on Iberian wetlands through a set of innovative trapping techniques and a methodology strategy for control and eradication of wild populations of exotic freshwater turtles in
13 pilot areas in Valencia (Spain) and 4 in Portugal. During the three years of the project we
captured a total of 22624 exotic turtles in Spain and 299 in Portugal, with special relevance
for the Red-eared slider. A gradual but steady decrease in the capture of invasive turtles
during the three years showed a good capacity to control this problem, but a failure in the
objective to eradicate the invasive populations. Only through an efficient European alert
network system and early attack teams to the problem or a long term investment in the continuous capture of established Trachemys populations it would be possible to achieve successful results. This strategy together with ex-situ reproduction of endangered Emys
orbicularis and public awareness campaigns, aiming to halt the continuous release of exotic
turtles in nature, appear to be a crucial multiple approach to control invasive turtles dissemination and preserve autochthonous freshwater biodiversity.
Mangrove’s restoration: ecological and economic perspectives
Teutli-Hernández C.1; Comin f. A.2; menendez m.1; Herrera-silveira J. A.3
1
Departament dÉcologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028. Barcelona
2
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC. Av. Montañana 1005. 50059 Zaragoza. Spain.
3
CINVESTAV-IPN. CarretaeraAntigua a Progreso Km 6. 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Mangrove ecosystems have been recognized their ecological, economic and cultural values.
However, mangroves have been degraded and destroyed all around by human activities.
Consequently, mangrove restoration has been a common activity trying to recover their
functions and values. However a synthetic approach to evaluate mangrove restoration actions has not been developed yet. The review of 150 documents (scientific and project reports) from all around the world shows that the structure of the restored vegetation
resembles the reference sites, while the functional characteristics tend to be better at reference sites. Regarding the speed of recovery there is no clear trend due to the limited availability of data and the average monitoring time (2-3 years). The most common action
performed in mangrove restoration projects is reforestation, followed by hydrologic restoration (channel opening and installation of sewers), and finally, the use of plants to facilitate
the process of secondary succession. The costs of restoration depend on the country, and
how they perform restoration (with or without machinery for example). The cost of hydrological restoration ranges from USD $ 250/ha to USD $ 21,600 / ha while reforestation is
from USD $ 26,500/ha to $ 102,700 USD/ha. With this work a discussion of the common
uses of mangrove restoration and suggestions to improve its efficiency are presented.
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Towards sustainable use of boreal peatlands
Tolvanen, Anne1,2
1
2
Finnish Forest Research Institute, Oulu, P.O. Box 413, FI 90014 Oulu, FINLAND, [email protected]
Thule Institute, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 413, FI 90014 Oulu, FINLAND
Finland is a country with the highest percentage cover of peatlands (30% of total land area)
in the world, and the highest absolute cover of peatlands in the EU. Almost one-third of European peatland resource is situated in Finland. All this means that the decisions made for
peatland use in Finland have wider than country-scale implications on the biodiversity and
GHG balance of peatland ecosystems. In my presentation I show that there are contrasting
opinions towards the commercial peatland use in Finland, but in our study all interest groups
shared the concern towards the ecological and environmental state of peatlands. The acceptance of the commercial use of peatlands might increase, if more attention was paid especially to environmental problems caused on water bodies. I also present our EU funded
LIFE project LifePeatLandUse, which concentrates on the sustainable use of low-productive
drained peatlands. The project quantifies, values and predicts the state of peatland ecosystem services, and optimizes their levels in the land use to fulfill requirements and constraints
set in regional, national and EU policies. Future scenarios on the impacts and cost efficiency
of seven re-use options will be predicted, and states of biodiversity, GHG fluxes and environmental loading will be modelled after these seven re-use options.
Removal efficiency of pesticides and nitrates in an artificial wetland treating drainage water from an agricultural watershed
Tournebize J.1; Chaumont C.1; Vincent B.1 ; mander Ü.1, 2 ; soosaar K.2 ; Hansen r.2 ; muhel m.2
1
2
Irstea, Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, F-92761 ANTONY, France
Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 Vanemuise St., 51014 Tartu, Estonia
To reduce agricultural pollutants in agricultural drained watershed, artificial wetland showed
a real potential as a management practice for pesticides and nitrate removal. Interception
with local farmers involvement in water management to open and close a gate connected
to the artificial wetland in parallel of the main arterial ditch. The main objective of the buffer
system is to intercept the maximum pollutant load in the minimum water flux in order to
minimize size and land consumption. Different experimental results were obtained for small
drained watershed (around 30-40 ha, Tournebize et al., 2013, Passeport et al., 2013). Removal efficiencies were assessed around 70% and 50% for pesticides and nitrate respectively.
The present work aims to assess removal efficiency at larger scale. This strategy is tested in
real conditions at Rampillon hamlet. The watershed is located in the vicinity of Rampillon
village (03°03’37.3’’ E, 48°32’16.7’’ N, 70 km south-east of Paris, France). A collective artificial
wetland of 3156 m² with the depth varying from 0.1 m to 1 m was built in 2010 at the outlet
of the watershed and equipment has been installed in December 2011 to allow the evaluation of the system performance. The wetland receives drained water of the whole drained
watershed (450 ha). A sluice gate has been installed at the inlet which allows to close the
wetland during winter time (December – March) when no pesticides are applied and rainfall
events are more frequent. The flow which enters the wetland varies between 0 and 120 l/s.
The wetland is partially covered with vegetation, mainly Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis
and Juncus conglomeratus. The Rampillon’s wetland has been monitored over two years.
The quality of water has been analysed for nitrate and pesticides at the inlet and outlet of
the wetland to evaluate the performance of the system. In addition, a high frequency monitoring camapain of gas emission was conducted during May 2014 to assess the eventual
drawback of converting aquatic NO3- into gaseous N2 and N2O.
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An overview on the biodiversity of planktonic protists across
environmental gradients
Triadó-margarit, Xavier1; emilio o. Casamayor1
1
Biogeodynamics & Biodiversity Group-Dep of Continental Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies of Blanes, CEABCSIC, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Accés Cala St. Francesc 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
[email protected]
Protists, which comprise widely distributed autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic microscopic eukaryotes are an essential component of microbial food webs and have a key
role in global biogeochemical cycles in inland waters. Protists have a high degree of structural
and metabolic diversity and have been traditionally studied by morphological criteria. The
recurrent observation of the same morphotypes in freshwater systems from different localities had led to the concept that the global protist species richness could be relatively low.
However, more recent environmental 18S rRNA gene surveys indicate that diversity of small
protists (<40 microns) is larger than previously expected. Overall, these studies indicate
changes in community composition related to the trophic status, and that eutrophic conditions hold less species diversity. Freshwater protits are distantly related to marine counterparts, probably due to infrequent marine-freshwater transitions along the historical context
of the evolutionary and diversification processes, although protists from inland waters are
poorly known. We have been studying the genetic diversity and ecological distribution of
small protists inhabiting ultraoligotrophic high altitude lakes, extreme saline environments
in coastal and inland wetlands, and sulfurous and anoxic lakes, covering a wide range of environmental conditions. Given the extreme conditions explored, the genetic richness found
was unexpectedly high, and the 18S rRNA gene sequences spread within most of the highrank taxonomic groups and grouped in many eukaryal classes with consistent habitat segregation. In high-altitude areas, most of the sequences affiliated with Chrysophyceae and
Cryptophyta. In saline environments green algae within Chlorophyta and Trebouxiophyceae,
and in sulfurous lakes Ciliophora and Cercozoa were, respectively, the groups most commonly found. The novelty level was high and > 25% of the species were notably divergent
from any previously known genetic sequence. This study unveils inland waters as an important reservoir of unknown microbial eukaryotic biodiversity.
LIFE for Wetlands-examples and best practices
Trokanova, Lucie
LIFE Communications Team, ASTRALE GEIE-AEIDL, Chaussée Saint-Pierre 260, Brussels, Belgium
[email protected]
Established in 1992, the LIFE programme is the European Union’s funding instrument exclusively devoted to the environment. The LIFE Nature and Biodiversity strand has co-financed
more than 1 400 projects to date, providing more than € 1.5 billion in funding, and mobilising
a further €1.3 billion in other contributions. This continuous source of targeted financing has
radically changed the capacity of many Member States and regions to designate and manage
Natura 2000 network sites, to support EU biodiversity policy and to implement EU water
policy and legislation. Some 400 projects co-financed by LIFE have targeted wetland habitats
and bird species included in the Habitats and Birds Directives. Indeed, wetlands have been
one of the habitat types most-frequently targeted by LIFE. In addition, more than 1 000 other
LIFE projects have addressed threats (to water quality and water levels) and management is-
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sues in wetlands. LIFE projects actions on wetlands range from river basin management
(Water Framework Directive - WFD) to restoration and management of protected sites and
habitats. The new LIFE programme for Environment and Climate Action highlights wetlands
as a priority for funding, specifically targeting improvement of the conservation status of
Natura 2000 network sites, WFD implementation and Climate Change Adaption strategies.
Chemical biomarker assemblage in the 15000 cal. yr BP Comeya
peat profile of Picos de Europa National Park, North Spain
urbanczyk, Justyna; Veneranda López-días; Angeles G. Borrego
1
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC). Aptdo. 73, 33080 Oviedo, Spain, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
The study focuses on the submountainous Comeya peat profile drilled at 851 m above sea
level. The profile covers 600 cm of sediment in which a continuous record of the last 15000
cal. yr BP at a growth rate of 0.04 mm/yr is recorded. Analysis of C, N and ash, together with
extraction of the peat with dichloromethane and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric
analyses of the extracts have been carried out in order to identify and quantify relevant biomarkers describing the organic matter input. Three spams can be established in the profile
on the basis of the ratio of organic matter/mineral matter accumulation: i) >350 cm depth
(~8750 cal. yr BP), containing over 80% ash, ii) 200-350 cm depth (5100- 8750 cal. yr BP), with
ash content of 40-60% and iii) the uppermost section with around 10-20 % ash. The biomarker
assemblage is dominated by the n-alkanes and methyl-ketones with medium to high molecular weight and odd number of carbons. The biomarker ratios indicate an enrichment in
Sphagnum characteristic compounds at 120-250 cm (3150- 6350 cal. yr BP) reflecting more
humid conditions. This episode occurs earlier than in the coastal peat bogs of the region. A
less intense humid episode is detected in the Early Holocene (at around 450cm depth; ~10350
cal. yr BP), associated to an increase in organic carbon. The peat extracts contain abundant
steroids and triterpenoids with ursane and oleanane skeletons, mainly derived from higher
plants, and regular hopane compounds attributed to bacteria. The alcohol functionalities are
essentially restricted to the upper 120 cm and are replaced by ketone and/or acetate functionalities downwards.
Wartime scars or biodiversity hot-spots? The role
of saline bomb crater ponds in aquatic conservation
Vad, Csaba f.1; Attila L. Péntek2; Adrienn Tóth3; nastasia J. Cozma4; Katalin Zsuga5; Bence
Tóth6; robert Ptacnik7; nóra A. Böde8; Arnold móra3; Zsófia Horváth7
Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary,
e-mail: [email protected]
3
Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237, Tihany,
Hungary, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
4
Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
5
Fácán sor 56, H-2100, Gödöllő, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
6
Danube Research Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Jávorka Sándor utca 14, H-2131, Göd, Hungary,
e-mail: [email protected]
1
2
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WasserCluster Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, AT-3293, Lunz am See, Austria, [email protected],
[email protected]
8
Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary, e-mail: [email protected]
7
Man-made aquatic habitats can fulfil important ecological roles. Hundreds of bomb crater
ponds in the Great Hungarian Plain are examples of secondary habitats, being sometimes victims of grassland rehabilitation without proper evaluation of their biodiversity. We conducted
a multi-group study (zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, herpetofauna) in a sodic grassland,
holding more than 100 crater ponds within 1 km2. We found that these ponds serve as important habitats for amphibians and reptiles. Moreover, they hosted rare taxa even including
Pannonian endemic species among invertebrates. Despite being found in close proximity,
they exhibited a salinity range from hypo- to mesosaline coupled with wide ranges of turbidity.
While the most saline ponds appeared to be the less diverse, they could be considered as the
most unique habitats, hosting typical soda water communities. Despite their anthropogenic
origin, these ponds act as important contributors for aquatic biodiversity and should be maintained rather than eliminated, considering the serious losses in aquatic habitats in CentralEuropean grasslands. This research was supported by the European Union and the State of
Hungary, co-financed by the European Social Fund in the framework of TÁMOP-4.2.4.A/ 211/1-2012-0001 ‘National Excellence Program’.
Macroinvertebrate diversity and community
structure in woodland pools and ditches and their response
to artificial drainage
Vaikre, maarja1; Liina remm2; riinu rannap3
1
2
3
Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia; [email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Since the 20th century freshwater ecosystems have been extensively drained for agricultural
and forestry purposes. Despite the magnitude of artificial drainage, its impact on freshwater
biodiversity is still poorly known. We examined macroinvertebrate diversity and community
composition in temporal freshwater bodies and drainage ditches comparatively in drained
and natural forest plots. Our aim was to determine macroinvertebrates characteristic to these
water bodies, the impact of forest drainage on macroinvertebrates and the possible function
of forest drainage ditches as an alternative habitat for these invertebrates. We surveyed 181
water bodies within six landscape regions across Estonia and identified 171 macroinventebrate taxa, with insects being the most widespread and numerous. The impact of forest
drainage on macroinvertebrate mean diversity as well as assemblages was not detected in
our study system. However, taxa accumulation curves indicated, that natural water bodies
situated in drained plots may harbour lesser number of invertebrate taxa than those in natural
plots. Since landscape properties had significant effect on invertebrate diversity, they may
hide the effect of drainage. Community compositions and diversity in natural temporal water
bodies and drainage ditches were not significantly different, thus ditches can serve as an alternative habitat for macroinvertebrates of natural temporal water bodies.
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Faunal and floral community patterns in Moroccan temporary
ponds along climatic and anthropogenic disturbance gradients
Van den Broeck, maarten1,2; Laila rhazi2; Patrick Grillas3; mohammed el madihi2; mouhssine
rhazi4; Luc Brendonck1; Aline Waterkeyn1,3
1
Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. [email protected]/[email protected]
/[email protected]
2
Hassan II Casablanca University, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Environment,
BP 5366 Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco. [email protected]/ [email protected]
3
Tour du Valat, Research Centre for Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France. [email protected]
4
Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Department of Biology, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco. [email protected]
In the Mediterranean region, temporary ponds are ecologically and economically valuable
ecosystems. They house unique faunal and floral communities and benefit the local people
that make use of these systems. Unfortunately, due to population growth and urbanization,
these vulnerable systems are disappearing and degrading rapidly. So far there is no common
index of ecological quality that could be used to manage these valuable ecosystems. As such,
we aim to assess certain community characteristics on their indicator value. In this study, we
sampled over 100 Moroccan temporary ponds in wet and dry season, along a climate and anthropogenic disturbance gradient situated along the Atlantic Ocean, spanning arid, semi-arid
and humid bioclimatic zones. We analyzed climate and land use data as well as various water
quality parameters, to determine their role in structuring invertebrate and macrophyte communities. In addition, we also focused on rare faunal and floral species. The factors controlling
the general community structure include inundated surface, hydroperiod, pH, altitude and
the amount of cattle and agriculture in the ponds. When available, we compared results with
historical information, to evaluate changes in conservation status of temporary ponds. In this
way, we contribute to research-based suggestions for the sustainable management of these
vulnerable ecosystems.
Macrophyte reproductive fitness and strategy as a response
to high Lemna cover
Van onsem, stijn1; Ludwig Triest2
1
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Plant Biology and Nature Management, Brussels, Belgium, [email protected]
2
[email protected]
The increase of primary production in eutrophied water bodies often leads to nuisance. Freefloating macrophytes, including lemnids, profit from a combination of high water nutrient
concentrations and stagnant water. Resulting alterations of the environment may lead to
changes in reproductive success in submerged macrophytes. Effects of Lemna cover on reproductive fitness, resource allocation and mode of propagation in Potamogeton pusillus L.
and Chara globularis Thuillier were quantified in two ponds. In summer, small enclosures containing monospecific stands were created. A complete Lemna cover was maintained in half
of them. Biomass was sampled to monitor the investment in sexual and asexual reproductive
structures, while propagule traps were used to analyse propagule rain. Potamogeton pusillus
reacted strongly in response to changes in Lemna cover, with production of high numbers of
turions under high lemnid cover, and appearance of inflorescences under low lemnid cover,
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respectively. In C. globularis, density of antheridia and oogonia decreased significantly. Together with a decline in total biomass, this change indicated a strong decrease of reproductive
success, although oospore rain appeared unaffected. Lemna cover clearly influenced reproductive output in both species. Recurrent occurrence of floating mats might alter phenological
patterns, deplete propagule banks, and eventually hamper ecosystem resilience.
Beaver-created wetlands
Vehkaoja, mia1; stella Thompson 2
1
2
Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. [email protected],
[email protected]
Beavers (Castor spp.) are known for their ecosystem engineering abilities. They build a dam,
which elevates a flood to the surrounding forest. The portion of shallow water increases, and
large amounts of organic material and nutrients are released and transported from the terrestrial environment to the beaver pond. These events change the pond’s water chemistry;
the level of dissolved organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen increase and the level of oxygen decreases. The organic matter is either sedimented or retained in the pond to be exploited
by plankton. The increased amount of plankton benefits various invertebrate species, such
as water mites, and also Anuran tadpoles. After the plankton-feeding invertebrate levels have
risen, the predating invertebrates begin to become more abundant. This is beneficial for fish,
bats and duck and wader fledglings. In addition, the amount of aquatic vegetation increases,
which provides protection to tadpoles and fledglings, and also creates nutrition habitats for
adult ducks and waders. The beaver-created wetlands have very unique characteristics in
both aquatic and shoreline terrestrial habitats. Their ability to provide a habitat for numerous
species could be used in conservation strategies.
Seasonal dynamics of heavy metals in Phragmites australis
growing in a constructed wetland
Vymazal, Jan 1; Tereza Březinová 1
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Czech
Republic; email: [email protected], [email protected]
1
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have mostly been used for treatment of domestic and municipal
wastewater. However, increasing interest in the application of these systems for industrial
and agricultural wastewater has recently been observed. The aim of this work was to evaluate
the seasonal dynamics of heavy metals in the biomass of Phragmites australis in a municipal
constructed wetland and to determine the optimal time for vegetation harvesting in order to
achieve maximum removal of heavy metals when these are the treatment target. Aboveground biomass from the CW Spálené Poříčí was harvested monthly from June 2012 to March
2013 and analyzed for heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn) using the atomic absorption spectroscopy. In order to evaluate accumulation factors, also concentrations of monitored elements were measured in the wastewater. It has been shown that maximum standing stock
of individual heavy metals in the aboveground Phragmites biomass occurs at different times
of the year. Despite low heavy metals concentrations in the municipal wastewater it is expected that the course of seasonal dynamics of heavy metals in the biomass will be the same
even at high concentration levels which may occur industrial and agricultural wastewaters.
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Modelling the impacts of sea level rise on coastal wetlands:
a case study in micro-topographical Baltic wetlands in Estonia
Ward, raymond1; niall Burnside2; Christopher Joyce2; Kalev sepp3; Phillip Teasdale2
1
Aquatic Research Centre, School of the Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building,
Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom and Department of Landscape Management, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr.R. Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
2
Aquatic Research Centre, School of the Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building,
Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
3
Department of Landscape Management, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr.R. Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
Baltic coastal wetlands are flat and extensive due to the micro-topographical character of
the landscape. These wetlands have previously been suggested to be under threat from sea
level rise and standard elevation based methods are unable to accurately model the location
of the plant communities. A new methodology has been developed integrating dGPS calibrated LiDAR data, isostatic uplift and sediment accretion rates to predict the location and
extent of plant communities at three Baltic coastal wetlands sites in Estonia by 2100. Results
showed a lowering of local sea level in the majority of sites and scenarios in the north of the
country although a rise is predicted in sites with limited allochthonous sediment supply. In
wetlands situated on the west coast, local sea level is likely to undergo little change in most
scenarios. In most sites the model predicts that Baltic coastal wetlands will increase in extent
due to high rates of sediment accretion, particularly in a scenario with more frequent storms
and isostatic uplift. dGPS calibrated LiDAR data and sediment accretion are essential to maintain model validity in Baltic coastal wetlands due to their low relief and could considerably
improve current sea level rise impact models for other areas.
The role of tadpole shrimp as community
structuring agents in temporary ponds
Waterkeyn, Aline1,2; Patrick Grillas2; Brendonck Luc3
1
Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charles
Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; [email protected], [email protected]
2
Research Center for Mediterranean Wetlands Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France; [email protected]
It was recently suggested that notostracans may play a keystone role in temporary aquatic
habitats. Using both microcosm and mesocosm experiments we tested the impact of the
tadpole shrimp Triops cancriformis on zooplankton communities in Mediterranean temporary ponds (Camargue, Southern France). We found that tadpole shrimp effectively shape
these communities, acting as size-selective top predators as well as ecosystem engineers,
by modifying environmental conditions through bioturbation. The waterflea Daphnia has,
however, found a way to cope with this predator by evolving inducible defenses. We tested
the impact of Triops kairomones on the hatching pattern, life history and morphology of
Daphnia magna originating from different populations in France and Belgium. No impact
was found on the hatching pattern, which can possibly be explained by the fact that Daphnia
is never safe, neither as a dormant egg, nor as hatched individual. However, they did show
significant responses in their morphology and life history traits. Although the responses were
often clone-specific, Daphnia exposed to Triops generally grew larger and wider and had a
longer tail spine. These induced changes were proven to be effective defense mechanisms,
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significantly lowering the predation rate by Triops.
Environmental factors controlling the autumnal similarity
of rotifers (Rotifera) in small water bodies
Wiśniewska, malgorzata; natalia Kuczyńka-Kippen; eugeniusz Pronin
1
Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Water Protection, Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznań, Poland, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
The rotifer community structure often reflects the variation in the environmental factors,
both within the water body and the surrounding catchment area. Apart from many parameters, which are responsible for shaping the living conditions of the zooplankton community
inhabiting ponds, the habitat structure seems to have a strong effect on rotifer diversity and
numbers. The aim of the present study was to compare rotifer species composition among
different types of ponds, located across the Wielkopolska and Kujawsko-pomorskie regions
(central Poland). The research was carried out on 20 ponds differing in size, depth, abiotic
parameters of water, percentage cover of macrophytes and the type of direct land use (field
and urban). The number of rotifer species differed between the particular water bodies, being
the highest in ponds with abundant aquatic plant cover. The most frequent taxa (≥80%) were
Anuraeopsis fissa, Keratella cochlearis f. tecta, Bdelloidae, and Synchaeta pectinata, which
indicates eutrophic conditions in almost all of the examined ponds. The statistical analyses
showed that the level of macrophyte cover had the strongest impact on rotifer similarity. The
increase in the biogen concentration in water resulted in the decrease of biological diversity,
even in ponds with a large participation of aquatic vegetation. No influence of morphometric
features of ponds, or the character of direct catchment area, was observed to structure the
composition of rotifers. This research work has been financed by the Polish State Committee
for Scientific Research in 2010-2014 as research project N N305 042739.
Social perception of the risks and benefits of tidal wetland
restoration: A case study from the UK
yamashita, H.1; mcinnes, r.J.2
1 Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Japan. [email protected] 2RM Wetlands & Environment Ltd, Oxfordshire,
UK. [email protected]
Tidal wetland restoration projects have been conducted in recent years in an attempt to inter
alia provide sustainable coastal flood risk management, revitalise fish stocks or as preparation
for sea level rise. For many stakeholders, the realignment of coastal flood defences or the reflooding of farmland represents a new concept. Due to the need for long-term social support
and investment in such schemes, it will become increasingly important to take into account
the various stakeholder perceptions. However, there is ambiguity surrounding: 1) the form
and scope of environmental information on wetland restoration produced and communicated
by project exponents and other stakeholders; 2) how various stakeholders perceive the ‘benefits’ and ‘risks’ of local restoration projects; and 3) how the findings could make a contribution to future decision making and support for coastal wetland restoration in UK and beyond.
This paper reports on how the ‘risks’ and ‘benefits’ of tidal wetland restoration projects are
communicated, perceived and negotiated by different stakeholders based on a case study
from the UK.
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The role of invertebrate biodiversity in ecosystem purification
service of alluvial wetlands
yao, J.m 1 ; ramburn. H 1; sánchez-Pérez J.m. 1, 2; sauvage s. 1, 2; Teissier s. 2; Attard e. 3; Lauga
B. 3; durant r. 3; Gerino m. 1*
1
ECOLAB (Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), UMR 5245,CNRS/INP/Université Paul
Sabatier, Toulouse, France
2
ECOLAB (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de
Toulouse (ENSAT), Universitéde Toulouse, INPT,UPS, Castanet Tolosan, France
3
EEM, UMR IPREM5254, Université de Pau & Pays de l’Adour, IBEAS, F-64013 Pau, France
Alluvial wetlands play a key role for stream water quality improvement due to their
river/groundwater exchanges and biogeochemical efficiency. How do the microbial and invertebrates communities influence this ecosystem service of water quality regulation? For
NO3- pollution, faunas in the aquifer sediments act as mediators for N-cycle bacteria. By
biofilm grazing, movement and excretion, invertebrates, enhances resource supply to sediment bacteria, and stimulates microbial nitrogen cycling, thus this activity results in an enhanced nitrogen removal1. In order to identify the ‘ecosystem service providers’, the
relationships between invertebrate biodiversity, microbial communities and denitrification
rates are explored. Four sampling dates were sampled for microbial, invertebrate and biogeochemical parameters in 11 piezometers dispersed over an entire meander situated in the
agricultural alluvial plain of the Garonne River (France). Macro and meio-invertebrates biodiversity was quantified in terms of taxonomical and functional groups diversity index and microbial communities were described with DNA concentration/bacterial biodiversity.
Relationships between biodiversity indicators and denitrification rate/microbial activity were
investigated using multivariate statistical analysis. Examination of this correlation indicates
invertebrates’ functional compositions that favour the microbial biofilm activity and drive
natural mitigation/reduction of pollution in the water.
Managing phosphorus fluxes from rewetted peatlands
Zak, dominic1; rudy van diggelen2; Jörg Gelbrecht1; Alvaro Cabezas1, rob mcinnes4
Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin, Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Müggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany, [email protected]; [email protected];
2
University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1-C, B-2610 Antwerpen-Wilrijk, Belgium,
[email protected]
3
RM Wetlands & Environment Ltd., 6 Ladman Villas, Littleworth, Faringdon, Oxfordshire SN7 8EQ, UK,
[email protected]
1
One important strategy to mitigate the eutrophication of freshwater systems due to nonpoint phosphorus (P) pollution is to rewet minerotrophic riparian peatlands (= fens). However,
fast lowering of redox potential within few days or weeks due to anaerobic microbial respiration leads to a dissolution of P bound to redox-sensitive iron (Fe) compounds in water logged
degraded peat soils, and hence, to an increase of P concentrations in pore waters of rewetted
fens. However, the level of P concentrations in pore waters of rewetted fens can vary widely,
thus values between 0.04 mg P/L and about 13 mg P/L are reported (Zak et al. 2010). A number of lab and field experiments were performed in order improve our knowledge of processes
controlling the P release/concentrations and their altering quantitative importance over
rewetting time. Thereafter, preliminary investigations on physico-chemical peat properties
at the soil surface can be a useful assessing both the P mobilisation potential as well as the
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risk of higher P export to downstream freshwater systems before of fen rewetting. Finally,
the paper discuss if or when different restoration strategies like ‘top soil removal’ or ‘iron application’ should become applied in the course of fen restoration.
Macrophyte and macroinvertebrate assemblages in Karstic
ponds and their relations to environmental factors.
Zelnik, igor1; Alenka Gaberščik1; mihael J. Toman1
1
University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia,
email addresses: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Karst ponds are the only surface waterbodies in Karst region and host many endangered
species. Their existence and diversity depend on human activities. This contribution deals
with aquatic macroinvertebrate and macrophyte communities in eight Karstic ponds and
their relationships with environmental parameters. Communities and environmental factors
were sampled according to standard procedures. Two communities showed different sensitivity to environmental factors. Composition of macroivertebrate assemblages was significantly influenced by texture of bottom substrate and number of emergent macrophyte taxa
while no significance was calculated in case of plants. Positive correlations were calculated
between macroivertebrate diversity and tree cover while negative with fish presence. Negative correlations were calculated between number of macroivertebrate taxa and altitude,
distance to nearest pond and water transparency. Unexpectedly, richness and diversity of
macroivertebrates were not correlated with richness of macrophytes. Positive correlations
were calculated between richness of submerged macrophytes and pond size, between richness of all macrophytes and/or marsh taxa and temperature and chlorophyll a concentration.
Different factors influencing composition, richness and diversity of two communities suggest
that use of only one element is not sufficient for successful conservation. Further investigation of both communities would enable better understanding and more suitable management of these ecosystems.
Ecohydrology of wetlands ecosystems in a desert oasis in arid
Northwestern China
Zhao, Wenzhi*; Hu Liu; shoubo Li; Bing Liu
Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, CERN, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. Email: [email protected]
Ecohydrological interactions have been of interest to wetland ecologists since the last few
decades. Desert oasis wetland is an unique ecosystem which plays an important role in the
development of the oasis and the biodiversity in arid region, but received relatively little attentions. Here we present an ecohydrological analysis of the desert-oasis wetland ecosystem
distributed along the Heihe River in the arid region of Northwest China. Landscape patterns
and their dynamics of the wetlands were characterized basing on the collected data from
Landsat TM and ETM images using GIS method and landscape indices, and field investigation
of community composition in desert oasis wetland ecosystem was also conducted to identify
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the spatial distribution of plant communities and the dominant influence factors. We used
the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) method to evaluate the spatial patterns of evapotranspiration (ET) rate for wetlands landscape, and the measured seasonal
and interannual variation in soil moisture, groundwater table, energy partitioning and evapotranspiration to identified linkages between the vegetation patterns, subsurface flow, plant
transpiration, and water levels in the unique ecosystem. Our analysis suggested that the area
of wetlands in our study area decreased by 38.4%, or 107.8 km2 during the past 16 years,
and the landscapes have become increasingly fragmental during this period. Through the
two-way indicative species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis
(DCA), soil water content, nutrition content and total salt content were identified as the three
main factors controlling the species distribution pattern in this wetlands, i.e. the soil moisture
is the key factor to form the dominance of community, and the total N content is the important factor affecting the community evenness. We found that the spatial pattern of ET in the
study area was highly correlated with the ground water level, and the highest ET values appeared over all types of water bodies, including rivers, reservoirs, etc. The variation in water
and energy exchange reflected environmental conditions and depended primarily on vapor
pressure deficit, net radiation, soil moisture, and water depth. Although the effects of precipitation on evapotranspiration showed that the response of this ecosystem to climate
changes was not obvious, the variation of air temperatures had a strong influence on evapotranspiration, resulting in a significant increase in evapotranspiration (R = 0.730; P<0.01).
130
PosTer PresenTATion ABsTrACTs
Waterbirds and disturbance: insight about
a socio-ecological system
Albonette de nóbrega, Paula fernanda1; renata Pimentel rocha1; Janaína Aparecida
Aguiar2; maria Auxiliadora drumond1; José eugênio Côrtes figueira1
Department of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG-Brazil.
Instituto Estadual de Florestas, Minas Gerais – Brazil.
email:[email protected];[email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected].
1
2
Wetlands are environments of great social-economical and ecological importance. However,
they are the target of numerous anthropic threats. We study a system of lakes in the central
region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, aiming to determine the environmental threats and their effects on waterbirds communities. For this purpose, we sampled the local waterbirds, measuring the lakes’ areas and assessing the threats on those environments. We calculated the
criticality value for direct threats on the waterfront and the permanent preservation area
(APP) of each lake, considering the threat extension, its severity and irreversibility. Threats’
criticalities varied from, 0,10 to 1,0, being urbanization the most critical threat (1.0), followed
by natural cycle modification (0.77) and pasture (0.75). Waterbirds richness was positively
correlated to lakes’ areas, agriculture and pasture (r2=0.54; S = -2.062 + 6.370logArea +
0.437agr + 0.238past; p<0.05). This suggests that the impacts generated by these rural activities are not negative to the local waterbirds, conversely, they can favor, mainly, the habitat
generalist species. Furthermore, the urban expansion on the rural areas can be a negative
factor in the waterbirdsEffects of hydroperiod and depth of inundation on diversity and
species composition of temporarily flooded ponds in north-eastern Germany
Effects of hydroperiod and depth of inundation on diversity
and species composition of temporarily flooded ponds
in north-eastern Germany
Altenfelder, sara1; melanie schmitz1; Johannes Kollmann1; Harald Albrecht1
1 Chair of Restoration Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität
München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6, D-85354 Freising, [email protected]
Due to their wide range of habitat conditions temporary ponds considerably contribute to
the biodiversity of agricultural landscapes. The vegetation is formed to a large extent by annual species which regularly develop from the soil seed bank. Therefore, the seed bank plays
an important role for conservation and restoration of these communities. Establishment of
the species is determined by the germination conditions which mainly depend on both disturbance and the water level. The objective of our study was to test the effects of different
water regimes on the diversity and species composition of colonizing plant assemblages. We
collected soil samples from six temporary ponds in NE Germany and thoroughly mixed them
to get one large and homogenous seed bank sample. Thereafter, we exposed subsamples
to different combinations of hydroperiod and depth of flooding, and identified, counted and
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removed all germinating plants for 2 years. Species diversity was highest under fluctuating
water levels, while species composition was mainly influenced by the duration of flooding.
Flood-tolerant species showed high germination rates under both flooded and non-flooded
conditions. These results suggest that inundation is no indispensable precondition for successful establishment of these species.
Effect of pesticides on potential denitrification rate and
N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio
Amiche, C. 1,2; Teissier, s. 1,2; Bernard-Jannin, L. 1,2; Charcosset, J.y. 1,2; sánchez-Pérez, J.m.
1,2
1 University of Toulouse; INPT, UPS; Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), Avenue de
l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
2 CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
Nitrates are a form of water pollution in wetlands areas located at the interface between
rivers and agricultural alluvial areas. In these riparian areas, denitrification process mainly
contributes to the mitigation of nitrate pollution. This natural process is carried out by bacteria that breathe nitrate to produce energy. Nitrate transformation ends with the reduction
of N2O into N2 gas. Groundwater denitrification process is heterogeneous at the riparian
scale. This is partly due to environmental conditions, such as carbon availability that depends
on the distance from the river. In the Garonne riparian area, groundwater is characterized
by a rather low denitrification rate and a high concentration of pesticides. We asked about
the effect of pesticides on denitrification in the laboratory and we applied a mixture of pesticides (S-metolachlor, atrazine and desethylatrazine) at two different concentrations on
Garonne sediments. We observed no effect on denitrification and N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio in the
aquifer sediments at both concentrations. The potential denitrification in river sediments is
not modified whereas a 14-fold increase of the ratio is observed under treatment by the
highest concentration of pesticides mixture. The latter result indicates that N2O reduction is
severly inhibited by this mixture.These results raise new questions about the bacterial community structure present in the aquifer and its eventual adaptation to resist to pesticide pollution.
Changes in the zooplankton assemblages of three temporary
ponds of different age along a four years period
Armengol, Xavier; raquel ortells; susana romo; Juan miguel soria; Carla olmo
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva. Universitat de València. Valencia Spain, [email protected]
We have tracked changes in the zooplankton assemblages of three temporary duneslacks
(locally known as “malladas”) in Albufera Natural Park, during four consecutive years (from
2007 until 2011). These ponds were restored in different periods; 1998 (Old), 2003 (Intermediate) and 2007 (Recent). They were monthly sampled during the flooded periods (usually
from autumn to late spring). At each date and pond, we took an integrated zooplankton
sample from the different microhabitats and we measured the typical limnological variables
including nutrients and chlorophyll a. We have analyzed the changes in zooplankton richness,
per visit and accumulated, and we have compared the ponds attending to environmental
132
characteristics (Anova’s, Kruskal-Wallis), communities composition (ANOSIM, SIMPER) and
their relationship (CCA). Averaged richness per visit showed differences in the ponds which
seemed related to their age: Old (18 ± 3 species), Intermediate (11 ± 3 species) and Recent
(10 ± 4 species). Accumulated richness (total number of species) showed an unexpected pattern with 60 species in the Old, 52 in the Recent and 43 in the Intermediate. Nevertheless,
the Recent pond presented a high richness per visit in their first year (first flooding season).
This could be related to the presence of a residual egg bank, which conditioned their accumulated richness. Although the age of the ponds seems very important in recently restored
ponds, other factors as residual egg banks, conductivity or primary producers could also play
a relevant role in the structure of zooplankton assemblages in these restored habitats.
Microbial loop of estuarine and coastal waterbodies:
autotrophic or heterotrophic dominance
Àvila, núria1; rocio López-flores2; Xavier d. Quintana1; Jordi sala1; dani Boix1; stéphanie
Gascón1
1 Institute of Aquatic Ecology. University of Girona. Faculty of Sciences. Av. Mª Aurèlia Capmany, 69. 17071.
Girona. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
2 Área de Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior de
Huesca, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte
s/n, 22071 Huesca, España. [email protected]
In Mediterranean coastal lagoons and wetlands, the hydrological pattern is one of the most
important factors determining nutrient availability and plankton composition. The flooding
frequency (flooding-confinement gradient), the water sources (salinity gradient) and the nutrient concentration (eutrophic gradient) can produce very different situations, which in turn
affect the functional and taxonomical composition of the microbial community. The main
objective of this study is to analyse the relative contribution of flooding events and trophic
state on microbial loop composition in 17 estuarine and coastal waterbodies of Empordà
wetlands (NE Spain). We analyzed the contribution to the community of autotrophic and
heterotrophic organisms in relation to spatial distribution, environmental conditions and
zooplankton predation pressure. The effects of these biotic and abiotic variables on microbial
loop were determined by means of variation partitioning analysis. Redundancy detrended
analysis was used to discriminate the main functional groups responding to environmental
variability. Our preliminary results showed the importance of the hydrological pattern on
the dominance of autotrophic or heterotrophic organisms in these coastal ecosystems.
Patterns of vascular plants and bryophytes in Sardinian
Mediterranean temporary ponds
Bagella, simonetta1,2; Caria maria Carmela1; Giorgia filippino3; Annalena Cogoni3
1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
2 Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
3 Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente - Sezione Botanica ed Orto Botanico University of Cagliari,
09123 Cagliari, Italy [email protected], [email protected]
133
The characterization of complex biodiversity patterns across ecosystems requires substantial
effort, expertise, and financial resources. An approach to limit these challenges is offered by
choosing proper indicators or surrogates as a shortcut to predict biodiversity changes in poorly
investigated groups from groups where adequate information is available. Surrogate identification is primarily based on cross-taxon congruence analysis, and the surrogate strength depends on the taxonomic groups studied and the scale of analysis. Cross-taxon congruence
analysis between vascular plants and bryophytes generated variable responses. The object
of this research was to contribute to this debate comparing the patterns of vascular plant and
bryophyte richness in an almost unknown habitat, i.e. Mediterranean temporary ponds at a
small spatial scale, i.e. Sardinia. Vascular plant and bryophyte richness was assessed in 14
temporary ponds located on different substrata and under different climatic conditions. The
Pearson correlation analysis was performed to compare the patterns of richness.
Overall 137 vascular plants and 97 bryophytes were detected. Pearson coefficient was not
significant. In the specific case vascular plant and bryophyte richness presented different
patterns of distribution. As a consequence each taxa needs to be evaluated independently
to address conservation issues.
Local knowledge and invasive-species control in agricultural
wetlands: opportunities and limitations
Bart, david1
1
Department of Landscape Architecture and Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison. 42B Agricultural Hall, 1450 Linden Drive, Madison, WI
53706, [email protected]
In some cases, invasive species are also viewed as weeds in agricultural wetlands. Simultaneously, farmers are more likely to have long-term observations of invasions than the scientific community, and thus could be a source of management-relevant information. Here I
summarize two studies assessing the accuracy and applicability of local knowledge of plant
invasions in wetlands (Phragmites australis invasion in New Jersey salt marshes, Phalaris
arundinacea invasion in Wisconsin sedge meadows). Experimental evaluation generally supported farmers’ claims about these invasions’ causes, although they were often mistaken
on underlying mechanisms. Farmers also knew of activities that could control these species,
but the knowledge was often idiosyncratic and the efficacy of these activities outside of agricultural settings was suspect. These studies suggest that farmers can be a source of basic
observations surrounding the establishment, spread, and control of invasives in wetlands,
but their mechanistic understanding of why the invasions began when and where they did,
as well as how to control invasions, can be limited.
Expansiveness of wild and ornamental European Phalaris
arundinacea L. genotypes
Bastlová, d.1; Tereza Kávová2; Vojtěch Januš2; Barbora Kubátová2; Vladislav Čurn2; neil o.
Anderson3, 1, 2; Hana Čížková2; Keith r. edwards1; Jan Květ1, 4
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31,CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
2
University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Studentská 13, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
1
134
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
3
Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota. 286 Alderman Hall, 1970 Folwell Avenue, Saint
Paul, MN 55108 U.S.A. [email protected]
4
Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Centre, Na sádkách 7, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech
Republic.
Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is a vegetatively propagating perennial wetland
grass. In its native Eurasia it can suppress or eliminate other wet-grassland species. The question is whether its individual wild populations inherently differ in their expansiveness. In a
garden experiment, we compared their phenotypic and genotypic variability with that of ornamental and turf cultivars, which had never been examined for similarities with native populations. Significant genotypic and phenotypic variability exists within both wild native and
cultivated P.a genotypes. Native plants originating from wild populations and growing in
warm regions are more productive than populations from cooler regions. The tussock density
did not differ significantly among genotypes. Analyses of four ISSR markers distinguished
wild-growing genotypes from cultivars. Samples of both genotype groups showed wide genetic variability. Samples from wild-growing populations did not cluster according to their
geographical origin. However, cultivated genotypes clustered according to their origin and
plant morphological type. Although samples of the variegated decorative variety “Picta” belong to different genets, as a whole it is genetically more uniform than cultivars possessing
completely green leaves. This study was supported by the CZ-US “KONTAKT” Grant LH11039
and the J. William Fulbright Foundation (N.O. Anderson’s stay in the Czech Republic).
The survival underwater: how seasonal flooding determines
the floristic composition in an area of Brazilian savannah
Batista, eugênia; José figueira
Department of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, email: [email protected], [email protected]
The main goal of this study was to indicate a possible successional trend in a floodplain of
Cipo River, Brazil. For this, three transects were established perpendicularly to the drain line
of the river. Each transect had one plot in riparian forest (100m2), 20-25 plots along the
flooded field (30m2) and one plot in the savannah adjacent area (100m2). In all of these plots,
soil samples were collected for physicochemical characterization and all the plants above
50cm in height were identified. The collected soils were compared by PCA and floristic composition by NMDS. The soils of the flooded field are different from the soils of the riparian
forest and cerrado, supporting a different vegetation type, despite the continuous arrival of
propagules of cerrado and riparian species by wind or animal assistance. Significant correlations between the scores of the PCA and NMDS were found, suggesting that differences in
soil can explain the differences in floristic composition. However, the reduction in the frequency and intensity of floods associated with climate change and the occurrence of sporadic
fires could promote the occupation of the floodplain by cerrado species instead of riparian
species.
Financial support: CAPES-U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service-FAPEMIG.
135
Seasonal changes of CO2 fluxes in emerging sandbars
with benthic micro-algae and macrophytes within the lowland
Po River (Italy)
Bolpagni, rossano1, silvia folegot2; marco Bartoli1; Pierluigi Viaroli1
1 Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, V.le G.P. Usberti 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; [email protected]
2 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham,
B15 2TT, UK.
This study aims to evaluate the fluxes of CO2 across the emerging sandbars and the atmosphere within the bankfull of the Po River in its lowland sector. A detailed characterization of
the metabolic activity of river’s bottom sediments was carried out in conjunction with summer
(August 2007) and winter conditions (Mach 2008) with respect to the biomass of primary producers (microphytobenthos and vascular macrophytes) and the depth of the water table. Recent studies show that rivers and connected wetland complexes may contribute significantly
to the rate of Carbon (C) exchange per unit area compared to adjacent terrestrial ecosystems.
The ability to act as a source or sink of C or quickly switch between these two conditions can,
therefore, influence consistently the processes of transfer of matter both at local scale (within
homogeneous river stretches) and global scale (river basin). Our data confirmed the strong
seasonality in the exchange processes of CO2. The summer fluxes were more than an order
of magnitude higher than those measured in winter. The C-assimilation in the light and the
C-release in the dark are strictly dependent to the depth of the water table and the Chl-a concentration (microphytobenthos) and the biomass of macrophytes. As a general rule, with decreasing depth of the water table and an increase in the biomass of primary producers a
significant increase in the NEP (net ecosystem production) is observed. In contrast, no significant relationship has been found for the processes of RE (ecosystem respiration).
Ornitological interest of the wetlands eco-complex of Jijel,
northeast of Algeria
Bouldjedri, mohamed1; saheb, menouar2; Bensaci, ettayib3; Houhamdi, moussa4; mayache
Boualem1
1
2
3
5
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé, Université de Jijel, Algérie. [email protected]
Département des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Université Larbi Ben M’hidi, Oum El-Bouaghi, Algérie.
Département de Biologie, Université de M’Sila, Algérie.
Département de Biologie, Université de 8 mai 1945, Guelma, Algérie.
Algeria has many complexes of wetlands which are very little studied and constitute sanctuaries places for different species of fauna and flora. The ornithological interest of the
eco-complex of Jijel wetlands (northeast of Algeria) was evaluated in two potential wetlands sites; Beni-Belaid Lake (36° 50’N, 6° 8’E, 46 ha) and El-Kennar marsh (36° 49’N, 5°
56’E, 10 ha). These are two preferential wintering sites for many waterbirds (Green-winged
Teal, Northern Shoveler, Eurasian Wigeon, Nothern Pintail, Common Pochard, Ferruginous
Duck ...). Our study which was carried out in a period of five years (from October 1997 to
December 2002) was based on an inventory of all waterbirds frequented these two sites
to determine their wintering, sedentary, summer visitor or passengers status. In total, 56
species of waterbirds have frequented Beni-Belaid Lake and only 39 El-Kennar marsh.
Anatidae and Rallidae are generally observed during winter with larger numbers in Beni-
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Belaid Lake whereas waders were on the contrary observed in the marsh of El-Kennar with
larger numbers due to its shallow depth. In fact, the monthly evolution of the total numbers of waterbirds of the two sites studied showed a temporal distribution which culminated in december for Beni-Belaid Lake (869) and during January for El-Kennar marsh
(1095). During summer time grouping concerned breeding species (Ferruginous Duck
Aythya Nyroca, Mallard Anas platyrhynchos , Moorhen Gallinula chloropus and Coot Fulica
atra ) and pasenger species (Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea, Little Stint Calidris minuta, Dunlin sandpipers Calidris alpina, Common Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia and Black
tern Chlidonias Niger).
Response to interannual variability of carbon exchange
at the southern border of peatland distribution
Bravo, T. G.1; maria strack2; Xabier Pontevedra Pombal3
1 Tania G. Bravo (GRET, University of Calgary, Canada)
2 Maria Strack (GRET, University of W Canada)
3 Xabier Pontevedra Pombal (University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain)
Southern peatlands in Europe represent an unique environment to preserve from anthropologic degradation, storing around 6% of the total biomass in Spain. Land-use change in
the area including cattle farming and wind turbine development could have an effect on the
carbon (c) stock which is vulnerable to accelerated mineralization due to climate change. In
order to assess the response of this peatland in Galicia (Spain), air temperature and volumetric water content in situ have been measured with a meteorological station to estimate
the sink of carbon for this type of organic soil. Previous models could overestimate the annual
Gross Primary Productive (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) in this particular environmental condition in the southern border of the European peatland distribution. Previous
studies defined 31,1 ±11,0 g C m-2 a-1 annual mean accumulation. The greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 and CH4, follow annual fluctuations which are higher during more intensive insolation during summer. This study aims to understand carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane
(CH4) production as a long term sink of carbon and how soil functions could be affected by
the current environmental conditions. Volumetric water content of the soils is high throughout the year. During summer, high temperature decreases the water level causing temporary
dry condition in the shallow surface area. Contracting this, high temperatures enhance microbiological activity and oxidation of C.
Wetland applications to alleviate people’s daily life under
extreme climatic and socio-ecological conditions
Buchraya, salem1; francisco A. Comín2; Abdelfatah m. Labeid1; magfri e. sueilem1
1 Hydrology Unit, Tinduf Refuge Camps, Western Sahara.
2 Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC. Zaragoza, Spain
Wetlands can play a key role for providing resources and, particularly, good quality water
for different uses of human populations living under difficult socio-ecological conditions. An
important part of the Western Sahara people are living in refugee camps in southwest Alge-
137
ria, since they were moved out of their territories after the Moroccan invasion in 1975. Water
is provided to this population from wells after inverse osmosis treatment facilitated by international assistance. The water cycle of this simple socio-ecological system has a number
of key points related to the deficient quality of the water supplied and the amount of water
available. Most of the daily water use ranges 10-30 L/person and reaches 80L/person-day
during very hot months which coincide with high density population periods. Preliminary
experimental wetlands created for improving water quality and further use were performed
in the refugee camps in SW Algeria. Small subsurface flow wetlands using wastewater from
human shower and kitchen facilities were useful for providing complementary food. Also
small surface flow wetlands using wastewater from inverse osmosis plant and Phragmites
australis from close sites are useful to avoid infiltration of high salinity water into the groundwater aquifer and to provide food for goat livestock. Further developments using these resources and wetland applications can contribute to close a more sustainable and efficient
water cycle for human populations living under extreme socio-ecological conditions.
The phenology of wetland submerged macrophytes: initial data
for a baseline to determine predictable effects of Climate Change
Calero, s.; William Colom; Lila reinhard; maría A. rodrigo
Integrative Ecology Group, Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia,
Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Calero); [email protected] (M.A. Rodrigo)
Climate Change affects living organisms, specially their phenology (i.e. the timing of recurrent
events in their life cycles, such as flowering). In this sense, scarce information is available
about submerged aquatic plants, although they play a key role in wetlands. As a baseline to
establish long-term series about the phenology of aquatic plants, we are monitoring a created
shallow pond in a depression between sand dunes at the Albufera de Valencia Natural Park
(Spain). It holds a high macrophyte biodiversity: two angiosperms (Potamogeton pectinatus
and Utricularia australis), and five monoecious and dioecious charophytes (Nitella hyalina,
Chara aspera, Chara vulgaris, Chara hispida and Chara connivens). Since July 2013, we have
been continuously monitoring underwater and atmospheric temperature (at two sites), underwater radiation and water level fluctuation through the use of sensors with data-loggers.
Macrophytes have been collected at high frequency to monitor emergence, size and maturity
of flowers/seeds in the angiosperms, and sexual organs (oogonia and antheridia) and oospores
(and gyrogonites when produced) in charophytes. This initial data informs us about the life
cycle of the macrophytes from this pond, as well as about basic environmental conditions
that affect their phenology and that, in turn, are also influenced by Climate Change.
Stock identification of mediterranean mullets of three wetlands
in the Comunidad Valenciana using sagitta otolith morphometry
Callicó fortunato, roberta1; Alejandra Volpedo1,2; Vicent Benedito durà3.
1 Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA-CONICET-UBA)/ Centro de Estudios Transdisciplinarios
del Agua, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires (CETA-FVET-UBA). Email:
2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas – CONICET
3 Departament D’Enginyeria Hidràulica i Medi Ambient, Universitat Politècnica de València. Email:
[email protected]
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In the Northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea there are 8 fish species of the Mugilidae
family. Stock identification of mugilids is poorly studied and very important for local fisheries
management and regulations. The aim of this work is to identify stocks of two of the most
abundant mugilid species in the Comunidad Valenciana: Mugil cephalus, a worldwide distributed species, and Liza ramada. For this, we used as a tool sagitta otolith morphometry.
Individuals of both species were sampled in three wetlands of the Comunidad Valenciana
(Parque Natural Delta de l’Ebre, Parque Nartural de l’Albufera de Valencia and Parque Natural Salinas de Santa Pola) so as to map the whole coastal region. Total length of fish was
registered and saccular otoliths were removed and photographed. Using an image analysis
program, morphometric variables were measured: otolith length (OL), width (OW), perimeter
(OP) and area (OA); sulcus perimeter (SP) and area (SA). These characters were compared
among the different study areas using ANOVA, with Bonferroni contrasts. The results showed
that with the use of otolith morphometry stock identification, of these two species, could
be possible; however, to confirm this, it’s necessary the validation applying other methodologies such us otolith microchemistry or geographic morphometry.
Wetland restoration in the Ebro River Watershed
Calvo, Alfonso
Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Zaragoza, Spain.
[email protected]
Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro-is following a wetlands restoration program in the Ero
River Watershed following indications in the Spanish Water Act (Art. 103.4) establishes that
Water and Environmental Authorities will coordinate actions for an efficient protection of
wetlands of natural and landscape interest. Also the regulations of the Hydraulic Public Domain establish (Art. 282) that the Administration will perform the studies which are required
to rehabilitate or restore wetlands desiccate by natural or artificial causes. After these general regulations a number of wetland were restored after the basic objectives of the Spanish
Strategic Plan for the conservation and wise use of wetlands (1999) which also is aimed to
increase the citizens awareness and involvement in nature conservation. Seventeen wetlands
were restored in this operational framework: Bayas (Burgos), Zaldua (Navarra), Degollad and
Hervias (Rioja), Alberca de Loreto (Huesca), Cañizar (Teruel), Reservoir of Monteagudo de
las Vicarias (Soria), Galacho de los Fornazos, Ojos de Pontil y de Cimballa and Larralde
(Zaragoza), La Yunta (Guadalajara), Sima in Rubielos de la Cérida (Teruel), and a number of
freshwater wetlands linked to the Life Projects Visón territory (Navarra) and Creamagua in
Mnegros (Huesca). Also the wetlands Luceni (Zaragoza), Almohaja (Teruel), Labastida (Alava)
and Basturs (Lleida) are under process of restoration.
Analysis of the turbidity and sediment concentration
relationships in streams
Campo-Bescós, miguel A.1; rafael Gimenez1; Javier Casalí sarasibar1
1 Dpt. Projects and Rural Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain, [email protected]
To assess the environmental impact of the agricultural activity, the Government of Navarre
(Spain) established a series of experimental watersheds. Meteorological and hydrological
data (sediment concentration and runoff) are continuously monitored. Nowadays, there is
139
a complete database with daily records of suspended sediment obtained from automatic
sampler. However, years ago it was realized that this time scale is too broad for a thorough
characterization of the hydrological behavior of these watersheds. It is thus that, records of
water turbidity -on a 10 minutes basis- have been also added along with water and sediment
samples at event scale at different temporal resolution (from 30 min to 6 hours). However,
the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment is not straightforward and in
fact there is not hitherto a standard procedure of calibration. Besides, this relationship may
change along the year at least seasonally. The objective of this work is to analyze time series
of suspended sediment concentration and its corresponding turbidity records in order to
obtain reliable statistical models between both parameters. Preliminary results shown that
the relationship is variable through the year and watershed. This variability should be taken
into account on the estimation of sediment concentration.
Evolution of European eel recruitment (Anguilla anguilla)
in floodplain waterbodies of the downstream reaches
of the Loire River, France.
Canal, Julie 1,2; Timothée Besse 3; Aurore Baisez 3; Pascal Laffaille 1,2
1 CNRS; UMR 5245 EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement) ; 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9
2 Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS ; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex
3 Association Logrami (Loire Grands Migrateurs), 8 rue de la Ronde – 03500 Saint-Pourçain sur Sioule
Since the 1980s, a severe decline in European eel recruitment has occurred across Europe,
due to a combination of multifactorial causes. Waterbodies are preferred habitat for eel populations, and they are increasingly threatened by human activities. Conservation measures
have been taken to preserve eel and its habitat and it is essential to monitor current stocks
to assess the effectiveness of these measures. We used a Point Abundance Sampling electrofishing protocol to assess the composition of eel assemblages in 35 waterbodies located
along the downstream reaches of the Loire River. We used CPUEs (average number of eel by
PAS) to compare the evolution of eel abundance in waterbodies, and an indicator of fluvial
recruitment, the Colonization Front indicator (CFI), to assess the spatial evolution of eel recruitment during the three years of study. We demonstrated a 330 % increase of eel recruitment and essentially the smallest size class between 2010 and 2013, and we highlighted a 30
km increase of the CFI between this period, reaching 90 km from the tidal limit. Despite these
promising trends, eel recruitment still insufficient and it is crucial to maintain and intensify
the conservative measures implemented at the European level to protect European eel.
The fertility status of two protected saline wetlands in NE Spain
Castañeda, Carmen1; Claire Jouany2; estela Luna1
1 Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, EEAD-CSIC, Avenida Montañana 1005, 50059-Zaragoza, Spain, [email protected]
2 INRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France, [email protected]
The fertility of two saline wetlands located in arid (Guallar) and semiarid (Gallocanta) environments was studied. The soils surface and vegetation were sampled along two soil transects including cultivated areas and halophytes. Soil salinity measured as electrical
conductivity of soil: water extract (1:5; w:v) ranged from 2.6 to 218.6 dS m - 1. Gypsum con-
140
tent ranged from <2% in Gallocanta to 64% in Guallar soils. Mean calcium carbonate equivalent was 40%. Soils showed significant differences in fertility between cultivated and natural
vegetated areas. In both wetlands P Olsen and soil solution P values measured under halophytes were quite low (< 12 and < 2 mg P2O5/kg, respectively), whereas cultivated soils displayed significantly higher values. For natural vegetation standing biomass was higher in
Guallar than in Gallocanta. On cultivated soils, biomass production was lower in areas affected by soil salinity. The nutrients content (N and P) was twice in crops than in halophytic
grasses, whereas average N/P ratio was higher in saline soils than in non-saline soils, 12.5
and 8.8, respectively. The nutrition indexes (N and P) of crops were high (up to 122% NNI
and 112% PNI) indicative of non-limiting N and P supply for growth as a consequence of fertilizers supplied by farming.
Effect of hydraulic infrastructures on the chemical quality
of the flooded area of Tablas de Daimiel National Park
(Central Spain)
Castaño Castaño, silvino1; Almudena de la Losa román1; rosa mediavilla López1; Juan ignacio santisteban navarro2; Pedro martínez santos2
1 Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), C/ Ríos Rosas nº23, Madrid 28003. [email protected],
2 Geological Science Faculty. Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais, 12.
Madrid 28040. [email protected], [email protected]
Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park (TDNP), located in the center of the Iberian Peninsula,
was a Mediterranean wetland linked to groundwater dynamics. In natural conditions, the
water of the wetland was a mixing of surface water and groundwater. Brackish surface water
came mainly from Cigüela River, entering the TDNP by the northeastern area. Freshwater
inputs came from the Guadiana river (incoming from the east) having both surface (from
the tributary Azuer river) and underground sources. In the mid-1980s, the disappearance of
groundwater inputs and the reduction of surface contributions occurred. Several actions
were taken to maintain the water level in the wetland, being the most important ones the
construction of three dams (Molemocho, Morenillo and Puente Navarro), pumping of
groundwater from different salinity to the wetland and additional transfers of surface water
by the Cigüela River. As a consequence, the hydrological dynamics of the wetland and the
physical and chemical characteristics of the water were modified, causing an increase in
salinity from Cigüela to the rest of TDNP. The period 2009-2013 has been particularly wet,
and a “quasi-natural” regime has been restored in the TDNP in two steps: a) exclusive contributions of surface water from the Cigüela River and b) major inputs from the Azuer
through the Guadiana and contributions from springs. The monitoring of the chemical quality
of the waters of TDNP in the last wet period has shown that the less saline waters entering
to the TDNP from the Guadiana have migrated upstream favored by water retention infrastructures.
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Morphometric indexes as a tool for assessing resilience
in South European Atlantic Coastal Lagoons
(NW Iberian Peninsula)
Cillero, Carmen1; marco rubinos1; ramón A. díaz-Varela2; Pablo ramil-rego1
1 IBADER (Agricultural Biodiversity and Rural Development Institute). GI-1934-TeBio. University of Santiago de
Compostela. Campus Lugo. E-27002. Lugo. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
2 University of Santiago de Compostela. Botany Department GI-1934-TeBio IBADER. Escola Politécnica Superior
de Lugo. Campus Universitario S/N. E-27002. Lugo. Spain. [email protected]
In this work we aimed at identifying potential relationships between hydrochemical data of
coastal lagoons and morphological features of the water bodies and their watersheds. Geographical Information System (GIS) analyses of spatial data were integrated with chemical
analyses of water samples of 11 Atlantic coastal lagoons. Using Factorial Analysis of hydrochemical data, salinity and trophic state were identified as the two main sources of lagoon’s
water chemistry variability. We then tested the relationships between these variables, with
potential effects on resilience of coastal water bodies, and 23 morphological parameters.
Results showed significant correlations between salinity and the degree of confinement of
the lagoons (related to barrier and inlet width). Eutrophication-related parameters (mainly
dissolved TP) were significantly correlated with the extension of drought surface (%), maximum depth, average watershed slope and the ratio watershed: lagoon areas. These findings
showed that some morphological features can be linked to lagoon’s trends towards eutrophication and salinity changes. As coastal lagoons are particularly affected by impacts to their
inlets, barriers and general morphology, our results have important management implications, pointing out that morphological alterations can severely reduce the resilience of these
ecosystems.
The role of hydrochemical data as an indicator
of anthropogenic pressures on South European Atlantic bogs
(NW Iberian Peninsula)
Cillero, Carmen1; ramón A. díaz-Varela2; marco rubinos1; Pablo ramil-rego1
1 IBADER (Agricultural Biodiversity and Rural Development Institute). GI-1934-TeBio. University of Santiago de
Compostela. Campus Lugo. E-27002. Lugo. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
2 University of Santiago de Compostela. Botany Department GI-1934-TeBio IBADER. Escola Politécnica Superior
de Lugo. Campus Universitario S/N. E-27002. Lugo. Spain. [email protected]
This work aims at identifying the main mechanisms which control the hydrochemistry of 9
Atlantic bogs located in an area of high nature value, by combining chemical analyses of
water samples and Geographical Information System (GIS) analysis of spatial data. The study
evaluates the effect of several landscape variables computed at watershed scale, on bog
water chemistry, along with other variables of wetland’s location in relation to sea and to
potential contamination sources. Results didn’t show any significant relationship between
hydrochemistry and land use/land cover at watershed scale. In turn, a significant relationship
between the hydrochemistry and other variables acting at a larger scale was found. Hence
a significant relation was found between Zn concentrations in bog waters and the distance
to the nearby As Pontes coal-fired power station. In addition, a relationship was also found
between this distance and the concentration of NH4+, possibly due to the effect of agricultural
142
areas surrounding the power station, which is located in the direction of the dominant SSW winds. Results also suggested a relationship between the weighed distance to sea and
bog water chemistry. Our findings allowed us to identify the main anthropogenic impacts
acting at different scales, having important management implications.
Preliminary results of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS)
removal by aquatic plants
Cindrić, ines1; nina Popović1; ivana Grčić2
1
Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J.J.Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia, [email protected];
[email protected]
2
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
[email protected]
In the present study, the potential of aquatic plant Scirpus lacustris L. for degradation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) has been investigated. The study was carried out at laboratory-scale constructed wetland. Plants of the studied species were collected from local
pond in an urban landscape. Scirpus lacustris was planted onto the sand (d=1-2 mm) and
after acclimated period the wetland system was exposed to 5 mg/L concentration of LAS.
The experiments were performed in the absence of nutrients. The amount of LAS which was
removed by Scirpus lacustris L. after 7 days was 95,22%. LAS adsorption process onto sand
surface was taken into consideration. The COD measurement results indicate very low concentration of organic matter in water samples (up to 20 mg/L). At the end of experiment
there was no change in the chlorophyll content in analysed tissue of treated plants compared
to the control plant. The results showed that under these experimental conditions there was
no effect of LAS on plants morphology. Data obtained from this preliminary study demonstrated the phytoremediation potential of Scirpus lacustris L. for tackling the problem of environmental contamination by surfacants successfully. However, more intensive future
research is required to explore various aspects of this approach.
Groundwater chemistry in the wetland affected by mine
contaminated river
Ciszewski, dariusz; Paweł Bijata
AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Protection, 30-059 Kraków, Mickiewicza
St. 30, Poland
Lowland rivers in wide valleys may lost water due to infiltration in alluvia forming riverine
marhes. Groundwater quality in such loosing reaches is strongly affected by pollution of river
water. This is the case for the Bia_a Przemsza river in southern Poland polluted by waters
discharged from the lead and zinc mine. Permanent discharge of mine waters minimizes
fluctuations of water table both in the river and in the adjacent wetland. Average depth of
the water level change from about 0,8 to 1 m at the river bank to 0 - 10 cm over most of the
wetland in the middle part of the meander bend. Also quality of the groundwater measured
in piezometers installed each 10 m in the net, change across the bend. The highest conductivity of groundwaters is observed at the upstream bank of the meander and equal to about
1200 µS. The mineralization decrease toward the centre of the wetland and is minimal in
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most points at the downstream bank of the meander. Content of most of ions exhibit the
same distribution pattern. Ca concentration vary in range 160-80 mg/l, Mg 48-22 mg/l, Na
33-12 mg/l, K 8-1 mg/l. Content of SO4 vary between 280 and 130 mg/l, HCO3 between 440
and 160 mg/l, Cl 43-16 mg/l whereas Fe in most of points falls <0,1 mg/l but in the central
part raise to even 10 mg/l. Maximum values of all ions are similar to those observed in the
river waters whereas minimum value is usually at least several times higher than that in control points situated outside the inflow of the river water to the wetland.
Macroinvertebrate biodiversity of Mediterranean temporary
ponds: the case of Sardinia
Compte, Jordi1,2; simonetta Bagella1; stéphanie Gascón2; maria Carmela Caria1; Jordi sala2;
dani Boix2
1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari. Via Piandanna 4. 07100. Sassari.
Italy. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Girona. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
The macroinvertebrate and amphibian biodiversity of Mediterranean temporary ponds located in the island of Sardinia (Italy) has been studied. Thirty six temporary ponds have been
sampled between 2007 and 2014. All the ponds were small and shallow (less than 1 ha and
less than 2m depth). The ponds had low human pressure and the main human disturbance
was the presence of cattle and sheep. The specimens collected have been identified to the
maximum possible taxonomic level, mainly species or genera. More that 72,000 individuals
were identified, corresponding to 147 taxa. Coleopterans (54 taxa) and dipterans (46 taxa)
were the groups best represented with 37% and 31% of all identified taxa, respectively. Heteropterans (15 taxa, 10% of taxa) were also important. It is interesting to note the presence
of trichopterans (3 taxa), the notostracan Lepidurus apus and the Corixidae Cymatia rogenhoferi, the first record in Sardinia and third record in Italy.
Wildfire effects on aquatic macroinvertebrate species and
macrophytes in Mediterranean temporary ponds
Cunillera, david1; irene Tornero2; Gerard Alòs2; marta Gómez3; marina sánchez4; Carles Tomàs5;
rosa Vila6; núria Àvila7; Xavier d. Quintana8; Jordi sala9; stéphanie Gascón10; dani Boix11.
1 Institute of Aquatic Ecology. University of Girona. Faculty of Sciences. Av. Mª Aurèlia Capmany, 69.
17071.Girona.Spain
[email protected];[email protected];[email protected];[email protected].
edu;[email protected];[email protected];[email protected];[email protected];
Wildfires are important natural disturbances in the Mediterranean ecosystems, that determine their dynamics and succession patterns. Wildfires will increase its severity and frequency as a consequence of climate change. A lack of knowledge on how fire can affect
Mediterranean temporary ponds (priority habitats following European Directive) becomes
a problem when future fire-impact scenarios are made. In July 2012 a wildfire burned 10,476
Ha in the NE of Iberian Peninsula. The burned area included the Albera site, where more
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than thirty well preserved temporary ponds are known. Near all the ponds were dry during
the wildfire, but not all of them were affected similarly: some burned completely, others
only partially and some of them were not burned. We analyzed the effects of the wildfire
on three groups of primary producers (phytoplankton, filamentous algae and macrophytes)
and four aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages (gastropods, dragonflies and damselflies,
coleopterans and heteropterans) comparing differently affected ponds. Burned ponds were
characterized by having more phytoplankton biomass (water chlorophyll-a) and filamentous
algae, but less macrophyte biomass. Different results were observed for the faunal assemblages: gastropods and odonates of burned ponds presented different composition and
structure, while no differences were observed in coleopteran and heteropteran assemblages.
Hydrogeology of Clot de Galvany cryptowetland (Alicante)
de la Hera Portillo, África1; Juan mª fornés Azcoiti1; Jose manuel murillo díaz1; Juan José
durán Valsero1
1 Geological Survey of Spain (Instituto Geológico y Minero de España). Ríos Rosas 23. 28003 Madrid. E-mail:
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
The Clot de Galvany is one of the coastal Mediterranean existing cryptowetlands in the
province of Alicante. In spite of Nature enjoyed the figures of Site of Community Interest and
Special Areas for conservation of the Birds integrated to the Network 2000 according to the
Habitat Directive (92/43/CEE), the management of the water in its surrounding has provoked
that this protected area sees seriously removed what should be his natural functioning. In
this work one presents a synthesis of the results reached in a hydrogeological study taken to
end for the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) during the year 2012 to 2014. The constant
record with weekly period of the level of underground water in the basin of the wetland has
allowed characterizing his seasonal evolution. The current functioning of this cryptowetland
is linked to a system of artificial feed system that consists of the contribution of polished waters proceeding from a station nearby filter system of waste waters (Los Arenales del Sol).
The water budgets made with the available information allow obtaining an approximation to
the water demand of this wetland. Close to this analysis, a comparison of the services that
this wetland was giving in the past opposite to those services carried out today is provided.
Can urban wetlands be biodiversity hotspots in our cities?
demierre, eliane1; ilg, Christiane1; Hamerlík, Ladislav2; oertli, Beat1
hepia, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, [email protected],
2
Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, [email protected]
1
Most cities host countless small waterbodies, from garden ponds to park lakes and water
storage reservoirs. Do such wetlands favour biodiversity, useful for conservation purpose
or, on the contrary, do they host pest or undesirables species? A study of a hundred ponds
in a large European city (Geneva, Switzerland) underlined a freshwater biodiversity with
various contrasting facets. The local and regional species richness of macrophytes, aquatic
invertebrates, amphibians remained moderate if compared with natural areas, and these
waterbodies hosted only few threatened taxa. Therefore, the interest for conservation of
these communities is relatively low. Additionally, exotic species were numerous, especially
145
macrophytes, and could potentially constitute a threat. Pest species and nuisances are
nevertheless inconspicuous. Biting dipterans are few and public complaints remain anecdotal (also regarding frog songs). Nevertheless, the biodiversity is present with often flagship and aesthetic species (plants, frogs, damselflies) and bring therefore nature
experience in urban areas. The biodiversity of urban wetland presents here an opportunity
for the social aspect.
Hydrodynamic numerical modeling of the groundwater decline
in the Doñana temporary ponds (SW Spain)
dimitriou, e.1; e. moussoulis2,3; C. díaz-Paniagua4; L. serrano5
1 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) Anavyssos Attica, Greece, [email protected]
2 Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Seferi 2, GR-30100
Agrinio, Greece, [email protected]
3 DHI, 114 Thiras, Argyroupoli, Athens 16451, Greece
4 Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain [email protected]
5 Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain, [email protected]
Although the Doñana National Park is given the highest degree of environmental protection
in Spain, several ponds have been damaged due to groundwater abstraction at a nearby
tourist village. In 1992, an International Expert Commission issued a call for the sustainable
use of water resources in the area. Since then, a golf course opened in 2000 under the false
pretence of using treated waste-water for watering the grass. A legal investigation into the
unlawful transfer of this golf business to the local municipality is being conducted since 2012,
thus revealing the magnitude of the scam. Changes in water table depth have been monitored over 23 years in three temporary ponds (Las Verdes, Zahíllo and Charco del Toro) and
a numerical model was set up, calibrated and validated (split-sample test) on a daily basis
to assess whether the duration of the wet phase (hydroperiod) significantly deviated from
an expected pattern driven by rainfall and evapotranspiration. Calibration and validation periods covered hydrological years 1989-1997 and 1999-2012, respectively. The estimated annual hydroperiod without human intervention was more than 290 days for these ponds. This
figure indicates a strong deviation from the current hydroperiod situation which possibly
implies a significant impact by human activities.
Characterization of soil microbial communities along saline
gradient at the Gallocanta Lake, Spain
duran, robert1; Anne Carbon1 ; Carmen Castañeda2 ; Béatrice Lauga1
1 EEM, Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, IPREM UMR CNRS-UPPA 5254, IBEAS BP1155, 64013 Pau cedex,
France, [email protected]
2 Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, CSIC, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain,
[email protected]
Saline wetlands are extreme environments with an important ecological value as they represent a reservoir of biodiversity. They include a wide microbial diversity that drives many
ecosystems processes. Such environments are threatened by the surrounding human activ-
146
ities releasing heavy metals and organic pollutants. In front of the development of human
activities together with the increasing societal pressure for a cleaner environment, it is urgent
to obtain relevant knowledge on microbial communities inhabiting saline wetlands in order
to characterize their role in the ecosystem functioning. Several reports have demonstrated
the biotechnological potential of microorganisms living in extreme ecosystems such as saline
environments. Thus, for environmental microbiologists, the challenge is also the exploration
of the biotechnological potential of extremophile microbes including the capacity to mitigate
the impact of pollutants and the effect of climatic global changes. Recent studies on microbial
communities inhabiting saline lakes have revealed the important genetic diversity and the
presence of not yet described microbial populations. Most studies have focalized on the
water column while microbial communities inhabiting soil and sediments in such saline wetlands have been scarcely studied. The Gallocanta Lake (Aragon, Spain) is the largest and bestpreserved saline lake in Western Europe. Its geology, mineralogy and hydrology have been
well documented. The area is very dynamic with sensitive and rapid environmental changes
subjecting the microbial communities to a strong selection pressure. Soil microbial communities were characterized along saline gradients by 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. Samples were taken in April 2013 along three distinct a saline gradient covering 1) a
non-vegetated soil at the lake border, 2) a vegetated soil near the lake and 3) an agricultural
soil with the use of pesticide. Our objective was to describe the diversity of microbial communities inhabiting these environments and determine the major parameters controlling
the microbial assemblages.
Factors regulating the invasive success of an alien frog:
a comparison of the ecology of the native and alien populations
escoriza, d.1; Jihène Ben Hassine2; dani Boix1
Girona. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]
2 Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia. [email protected]
We examined niche occupancy of Discoglossus pictus, an anuran recently established in Europe, comparing the niches of native (North Africa) and alien populations (south-western Europe) at two spatial scales to determine whether adaptive divergence had occurred between
these two populations. Additionally, we determine whether the alien species showed a wider
larvae niche and higher phenotypic variability compared with co-occurring anurans. We characterized the breeding habitats and the climatic space occupied by native and alien groups
of populations of D. pictus and examined morphological traits of D. pictus and sympatric anuran larvae. Our results revealed no divergence in breeding habitat use between native and
alien populations. A shift was observed between the realized niches occupied by the native
and alien populations, but this shift might only reflect cryptic niche conservatism. The range
of reproductive habitats selected by D. pictus was not wider than those of most native species.
In the invaded range, D. pictus showed morphological overlap with some native species and
broader phenotypic variability, but the adaptive advantages of this latter attribute were uncertain. Our results suggest that the invasive capacity of this species depends on favourable
abiotic conditions rather than on its adaptive advantages over native anurans.
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Wetlands Colombian Caribbean bacteriological quality water
estupiñán Torres1, sandra mónica; sara Lilia Ávila de navia1.
1 Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca. Grupo Calidad de aguas.
The wetland serve important environmental functions and retaining large amounts of water
regulate river flows and maximize the processes of sedimentation and deposition of materials. In these systems, a wide variety of flora and fauna that provide shelter, food and protection for migratory species of fish and birds are housed. Water quality and bacterial
diversity nine swamps of the Colombian Caribbean, were evaluated. The techniques used
were membrane filtration and bacterial isolation and rapid identification tests. Escherichia
coli counts, total coliforms and Enterococcus indicate that there is fecal contamination in all
water bodies and that this is more of human origin. Among the diseases caused by this group
of bacteria are hemolytic uremic syndrome, gastroenteritis, and various infections. Within
the study were included genera Pseudomonas, Aeromonas and Vibrio. The first two genera
are found in large numbers and their presence in natural waters is related to the trophic status of pathogenic Vibrio species of fish and humans were isolated. In water bodies, a variety
of microorganisms that show bacterial diversity and provide information for possible use in
the field of biotechnology and biological indications were identified. In addition, bacteria
that affect human health were identified.
Triterpenoid and steroid composition of temperate
peat-forming plants of North Spain
fernández Alvarez, Adrian1a, Justyna urbanczyk1b, Veneranda López-días1c, Angeles G. Borrego1d
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC). Aptdo. 73, 33080 Oviedo, Spain.
[email protected]
1b
[email protected]
1c
[email protected]
1d
[email protected]
1
1a
Molecular biomarkers are compounds derived from living organisms, which maintain their
original structure after transformation in the sediment and can be used as source markers.
In this study peat-forming plants collected in the temperate raised bogs from Asturias have
extracted with dichloromethane, and their compounds identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The studied plants comprise examples of the most common
heather, fern, sedge, grass, rush and moss growing in Asturian peats. Medium molecular
weight n-alkanes (C23 and C25) predominated in Sphagnum and Eriophorum angustifolium,
whereas higher molecular weight ones predominated in higher plants, with Ericaceae and
Osmunda regalis being particularly rich in C31 and C33. The amount of methyl-ketones was
rather low in the fresh plants and rules out direct input as the main source for these widespread compounds in the Asturian peats. A large amount of Stigmasterol characterized,
Sphagnum sp., which predominated over other steroid compounds with lower specificity.
Triterpenoids with ursane, oleanane and lupane skeletons were detected in most of the
species with the largest concentrations being found in Ericaceae. Ursanoids predominated
over oleanoids, as also observed in the peat profiles. No higher plants triterpenoids were
detected in Molinia caerulea. In general the alcohol derivatives predominated over ketone
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and acetates in the fresh plants, whereas in the peats of the region alcohols were restricted
to the upper layers. Low amounts of hopanoids functionalized in C3 have been observed in
the plants, apparently having a low specificity.
Hydrogeological itineraries in the Nature Reserves of
the province of Seville (Spain)
fernández Ayuso, Ana1; miguel rodríguez rodríguez1
Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Carretera de Utrera, km. 1, 41013, Sevilla. [email protected];
[email protected]
1
The aim of this report is to propose four itineraries, one in each of the Nature Reserves of
the province of Seville. These Protected Natural Areas host shallow, temporary and brackish-water playa-lakes. These playa-lakes are located in the southern Spain countryside and
they are fragile and scarce ecosystems with a high ecological value. Moreover, they are subjected to a high agricultural pressure in their watersheds. In these itineraries significant elements, such as springs, and the alteration degree of the playa-lakes, some of which are
partially or completely drained for agricultural use, are highlighted. Some improvement proposals such as bird viewpoints or new access, that are private in some cases, have also been
included. This report aims to contribute to the dissemination of the Natural Heritage of
Seville and, particularly, of the wetlands of Andalusia, often unknowns by society. Furthermore, the improvement proposals are intended to facilitate accessibility.
Relationships between geomorphologic features and aquatic
plant distribution in a temporary pond system (Doñana National
Park): implications for conservation and management
fernández-Zamudio, rocío2; Carmen díaz-Paniagua2; Pablo García-murillo1
1 Department of Plant Biology and Ecology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville. [email protected]
2 Doñana Biological Station, CSIC. Seville, SPAIN. [email protected]; [email protected]
In Doñana, more than 3000 temporary ponds may be filled with annual rainfall, showing a
wide variability in hydroperiod and other physico-chemical features. We evaluated the distribution of aquatic plant assemblages in 218 ponds from different areas through the park,
and found an important segregation of species according to geomorphologic attributes.
Some characteristic species from each geomorphologic unit were identified. In the northern
areas of the park ponds have low conductivity values and there is a wide gradient of hydroperiod, predominating species as Myriophyllum alterniflorum, or Juncus heterophyllus in
plant assemblages, with Potamogeton natans in those ponds of largest hydroperiod. Ponds
located at the southern areas have high values of carbonates that determine plant assemblages, favoring the presence of Potamogeton lucens and Chara spp. The existence of artificially deepened ponds (zacayones) contributes to increase the pond network hydroperiod
gradient, favoring the conservation of strictly aquatic macrophytes, especially during unsuitable years with severe droughts. The management and the assessment of the ecosystem
services provided by these specific transformed ponds have great importance to preserve
the high richness and diversity of aquatic plants.
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Seasonal and spatial patterns in zooplankton assemblages
of temporary ponds
florencio, margarita1,2; Carmen díaz-Paniagua1 ; Laura serrano3
1
Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
2
Present address: Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade dos Açores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo,
Terceira, Azores, Portugal. [email protected]
3 Dept. Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, P.O. Box 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain. [email protected]
Zooplankton assemblages were monthly sampled in 20 temporary ponds of the Doñana National Park (SW Spain), from inundation to desiccation during 2006-2007. These ponds were
selected across a wide gradient of water permanence (hydroperiod), being categorized according with their relative hydroperiod that year, in ephemeral (<6.4 months), short (6.4-7 months),
intermediate (7-7.5 months) and long hydroperiod ponds (>7.5 months). Zooplankton assemblages were sampled using a net of 100 mm mesh size and 5-21 litres of water per pond were
filtered. Our results reveal seasonal and spatial variations in zooplankton assemblages, being
the differences between ponds and hydroperiods dependent of each sampling month suggesting a high singularity of these zooplankton assemblages. A total of 54 species were recorded:
33 cladocerans, 7 cyclopoids, 7 large branchiopods, 5 diaptomids and 2 harpacticoids. Two
new cites in Doñana have been found (Alona iberica and Ephemeroporus phintonicus) rising
to 81 the total number of taxa recorded in previous studies. This implies that the Doñana ponds
harbour about 50% of all branchiopod species and 60% of all copepod species inhabiting the
Iberian Peninsula. We highlight the importance of protecting the whole hydroperiod spectrum
to preserve the high zooplankton diversity detected in this temporary pond network.
Characterizing and quantifying environmental unpredictability
of a Mediterranean pond complex by using satellite imagery.
franch-Gras, Lluís1; eduardo García-roger; maría José Carmona; manuel serra
1
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, A.O. 22085, 46071, Valencia,
Mediterranean water bodies are characterized by strong seasonality and temporal unpredictability at several time scales. During a row of years, some temporary ponds may hold
water continuously, others may remain dry most years, and other fill and dry out, depending
on annual rainfall pattern. These fluctuations in hydroperiod may correlate with both fluctuations in the area of the ponds and physicochemical parameters, as conductivity, and they
have manifold consequences on adaptation and ecology. For instance, environmental fluctuations may work as a selective pressure for life-history strategies of small organisms, and
may affect migration. Under a predicted scenario of global increase in environmental variability, characterizing fluctuation patterns accurately is crucial for testing evolutionary and
ecological hypothesis on their effects. Remote sensing data obtained by satellites could make
a difference in this characterization, offering both long-term hydrological series and suitable
temporal resolutions. The objective of this contribution is using LANDSAT TM/ETM images
to monitor the presence of water in a complex of nine Mediterranean ponds and estimate
the average and variance of their hydroperiods. By applying Colwell’s metrics to temporary
wetlands we characterize the degree of environmental predictability of the ponds. Results
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show that these ponds cover a wide gradient of unpredictability. This study demonstrates
the benefits of using remote sensing to quantify environmental uncertainty with a high degree of precision. Moreover, the findings of the present study suggest that studying the hydrological dynamics with LANDSAT TM/ETM images is a useful tool for water management.
The effect of life-history variation on competition
in ecologically similar species: the case of two cryptic
rotifer species
Gabaldón, Carmen1; maría José Carmona; Javier montero-Pau; manuel serra
1Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, A.O.22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain
Species competition results in coexistence or exclusion, and the processes determining one
of the outputs are a fundamental question in Ecology. This is particularly interesting in the
case of cryptic species, as they are expected to have similar ecological requirements (i.e.
ecological niche) due to their phylogenetic proximity and their morphological similarity. Environmental fluctuations and its interplay with specific life history traits are expected to have
implications for coexistence and displacement. The rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and B. manjavacas are morphologically identical with a wide niche overlap. They often co-occur in many
Spanish brackish inland ponds. These rotifers are cyclical parthenogens producing diapausing
eggs via sexual reproduction, and these eggs allow them to persist through recurrent adverse
periods. According to previous studies, these species show a differential response to salinity
and temperature, and differ consistently in life-history traits involved in the production and
hatching of diapausing eggs, which allows this species to survive adverse biotic and abiotic
periods. In this work, we explore theoretically the effect of salinity fluctuation on the coexistence of these two model species. We built a model that takes into account differential
features of the species life-history traits, as measured experimentally in previous work. The
model was analyzed using computer simulation of the long-term competition dynamics of
both species under different salinity regimes. We considered the situations where (1) salinity
regime is constant and favorable for one or other species; (2) salinity fluctuates among growing seasons; and (3) salinity varying within each growing season. The effects of the diapausing
egg production and survivorship on the dynamic competition were also explored.
Crossed-effects between temperature and pesticides
on a freshwater fish of wetlands
Gandar, Allison ab ; Canal Julie ab, marty-Gasset nathalie cd, Gilbert franck be, sánchez-Pérez
José miguel ab, Jean séverine ab, Laffaille Pascal ab
a Université de Toulouse ; INPT, UPS ; EcoLab, ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
b CNRS ; UMR 5245 EcoLab, 31062 Toulouse, France
c Université de Toulouse ; INPT, ENSAT; UMR 1388 GenPhySE (Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage),
F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
d INRA ; UMR 1388 GenPhySE, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
e Université de Toulouse ; INPT, UPS ; EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), 118 Route
de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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Climate change has been identified as one of the major drivers of biodiversity and ecosystem
functioning in the coming decades. At the same time, agricultural and industrial development
has led to an explosion of pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In France, the
fourth largest world consumer of pesticides, the chronic contamination of surface water is
reported especially in wetlands. Importance of crossed-effects between climate and pollutions has been identified, both on distribution and abundance of species and on ecosystem
functioning. However, studies on crossed-effects between temperature and pesticides on
fish are often limited. In this study we experimentally assessed behavioral and physiological
responses of a common freshwater fish of wetlands, Carassius auratus, to individual and
combined thermal and pesticides stresses. We exposed juveniles at two temperatures and
to a mixture of seven common pesticides at two different concentrations. We followed sediment reworking behavior during 96h and measured several physiological endpoints (condition factor, hepato-somatic index, protein concentrations in liver and white muscle). We
found that temperature warming significantly modifies the behavioral and physiological responses of the goldfish to pesticides.
Conservation priority setting for temporary ponds from
Doñana National Park (SW Spain) based on plant species
García murillo, Pablo1; rocío fernández Zamudio2; Argantonio rodriguez1; Carmen díaz
Paniagua2
1
Department of Plant Biology and Ecology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville. [email protected]; [email protected]
2
Doñana Biological Station, CSIC. Seville, SPAIN. [email protected]; [email protected]
The Doñana National Park (SW Spain) includes a large network of temporary ponds (more
than 3000 may be observed during the years of high rainfall). These wetlands are the main
habitats for many specialized plants and animals, having a crucial importance for their conservation. However, its management priorities are not clearly established. In consequence,
the efficiency in the conservation works requires setting priorities in order to identify properly
the most fragile and singular sites. Considering the plant species observed in 218 temporary
ponds sampled during 2007-2013, we have applied an objective, hierarchical method, adapted
to regional situations, to identify conservation priorities. It is based on three criteria: regional
responsibility, local rarity and habitat vulnerability. We obtained scores according to the plant
species presence for each pond, and then these results were applied to build an overall ranking for the Doñana temporary pond network. The scores indicate the most important ponds
and their precedence in order to apply conservation actions. It reveals important conservation
priorities that should be taken into account by the managers from this National Park.
Modelling of water quality in FWS-Constructed Wetlands using
the software AQUASIM
Gargallo, sara; miguel martín; núria oliver; Carmen Hernández-Crespo
Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
Complex interactions between physical, chemical and biological processes take place in constructed wetlands (CW). Mathematical models are useful tools to understand these interre-
152
lations. In the last years some Mechanistic Water Quality Models (WQM) have being developed in CW. Many of these Mechanistic models have been applied to subsurface flow CW.
In this study we aim to increase the knowledge about Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands (FWSCW) treating natural eutrophic water by developing a Mechanistic WQM. Software AQUASIM is used to apply the model structure introduced by IWA, Activated Sludge
Models (ASMs). A hydrodynamic model and a set of biokinetic reactions are combined to
obtain the evolution of organic matter, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and its
species and pH. Special attention is paid to suspended solids, which are modelled by dividing
them onto inorganic and volatile suspended solids. The model includes the interaction with
some external factors as wind, birds and macrophytes. Input data have been obtained from
monitoring the FWSCW Tancat de la Pipa (Valencia, Spain) for four years. The model developed will allow to determine water quality in FWSCW treating eutrophic water under different scenarios and to optimize its design and management.
Wild boar Sus scrofa control by hunters and farmers faces crop
damages in a protected wetland
Giménez-Anaya, Alberto1,2; Juan Herrero2; Alicia García-serrano1; Carlos Prada1; e. Arrechea3; ramón regal3; francisco sebastián3; maría de los Ángeles Pintor4; Jesús urbón3;
ricardo García-González5
Ega Wildlife Consultants. Sierra de Vicort 31. E-50003 Zaragoza. [email protected]
Area of Ecology. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Technical School of Huesca. University
of Zaragoza. E-22071 Huesca. [email protected]
3
Departamento de Agricultura, Ganadería y Medio Ambiente. Gobierno de Aragón. Pº María Agustín 36. E50071 Zaragoza
4
Departamento de Servicios Medioambientales. Sociedad Aragonesa de Gestión Agroambiental. Avda. César Augusto 14, 8ª planta. E-50004 Zaragoza. [email protected]
5
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC). Avda. Nuestra Señora de la Victoria s/n. E-22700 Jaca [email protected]
1
2
In order to prevent wild boar Sus scrofa crop damage, during an 18 yr period (n=298; 19942011) local hunters developed hunting battues with dogs, in a protected continental wetland,
the Sotos and Galachos Ebro River Nature Reserve (Aragon, Spain). Results showed an inverse relation between the number of battues and the amount of crop damages. Wild boars
were not a biodiversity conservation problem, as ascertained by wild boar gastric analysis
(n=142). During 2012 and 2013 a new culling program was started, using battues (n=33),
done by local hunters; and still hunt (n=81), mainly done by farmers which were also hunters.
Electric fences were used by farmers (n=2) to prevent wild boars entering crops. Both periods
were not strictly comparable due to their lengths and conditions. Preliminary results indicate
that wild boar abundance during the second period was 3.5 animals per battue; annual damages were low 6.6 (2012) and 8.6 € per ha (2013) and the total cost was 5,005 € (2012) and
4,813 (2013) €, representing 94.8 (2012) and 265.9 (2013) € per wild boar culled. The new
plan reduces damages in an effective way, with a small cost for the regional administration
(16.2 (2012) and 18 (2013) € per ha). Also integrates farmers, hunters and managers of the
protected area in a common work enhancing crop protection and protected area’s positive
perception by local interest groups.
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Spatial variability in nutrient retention along Mediterranean
slope wetlands
Gómez, rosa1; Victoria García-García1; mª Luisa suárez1; mª rosario Vidal-Abarca1
1
Department of Ecology and Hydrology. Murcia University. [email protected]; [email protected];
It is well know that wetlands can significantly decrease the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)
concentration in agricultural runoff. Nevertheless, some questions remain about its buffer
function as: does nutrient retention occur evenly throughout the total wetland length? An
efficient integrated water quality management and land use planning, demands the selection
of the most suitable wetland sites and subsequently the dimensioning of wetland as buffer
systems at catchment scale. Thus, the main objective of this study was to analyze the spatial
variation in N and P retention efficiency throughout reaches in two Mediterranean slope
wetlands (Taray and Parra) from agricultural catchments. We observed that the first 100 m
of wetlands were significantly more effective at removing surface and subsurface N and P,
whereas P was observed to be exported in the lower reaches. The higher N and P load retention in the upper reach of wetlands could mainly be related to assimilation by Phragmites
australis, P removal through formation of Fe plaques at root surfaces, and N denitrification.
Finally, on the basis of our results the preservation of a 10% of agricultural area to the slope
wetland conservation could remove the N load exported from both, extensively and intensively managed agricultural landscapes.
Seasonal variation of interstitial water organic carbon
in sediments of an urban mangrove swamp:
ecological importance for development.
González-farias, fernando A.1; martín Pérez Peña2; Jaime Torres Guerrero3; Víctor Hernández santos3; martín López Hernández1.
1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, México, D.F., México
04510. [email protected].
2 Universidad de Guadalajara, CUCBA, Zapopan, Jalisco, México 45220. [email protected].
3 Área Natural Protegida Estero El Salado, Pto Vallarta, Jalisco, México 48335. [email protected];
[email protected].
The “Estero El Salado” (EES) is a mangrove swamp located in the middle of Puerto Vallarta
city, in the Pacific coast of Mexico. EES is a natural protected area which is feeding, protection
and reproduction grounds for terrestrial and aquatic organisms and also an in situ environmental education place for tourists and locals. Mangroves produce high amounts of organic
matter, one part of it is consumed by organisms (detritus food-web) and another part is
stored in sediments (dissolved and particulated) which is an important process for climate
change mitigation. The main objective of this work was to measure the seasonal variation
of total organic carbon (TOC) in interstitial water of sediments in the intertidal zone and in
the water column of the main channel of the EES. Three PVC tubes (4” x 3 m) closed at one
end and with small holes at 0.6 m from the bottom end of the tube to allow interstitial water
to flow, where inserted (1.30 m) in the intertidal sediments at 5, 15 and 25 m from the main
channel. With a WTW multiparameter we measured T (oC), S (‰), pH, DO (mg/l), TSS (mg/l)
and TOC (mg/l) inside the three tubes and in the main channel. 24 h samplings where done
in the warm dry (W), rainy (R) and cold dry (C) seasons. In the channel low and high values
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for the different seasons were: T 23.8-32.0 oC (C-R), S 1.2-34.2 ‰ (R-C), pH 7.34-8.50 (WW), DO 0.5-8.6 mg/l (W-W), TSS 19.8-647.0 mg/l (W-R) and TOC 1.3-94.7 mg/l (W-R). In the
tubes low and high values for the different seasons were: T 22.7-30.4 oC (C-R), S 27.3-34.3
‰ (R-W), pH 6.67-8.48 (C-R), DO 1.1-7.7 mg/l (W-C), TSS 12.1-702.0 mg/l (R-W) and TOC
14.2-93.6 mg/l (W-R). In general, the highest TOC values in the channel and interstitial water
were always detected during low tide, both in spring and neap tides. TOC was also higher
during the rainy season due to mangroves soil washing and run-off. Preliminary analysis indicates that TOC increases with distance from the channel and even though the sediments
are washed by tides, these accumulate organic carbon. We are indebt to the Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, project PAPIIT-IN211213, and to the Área Natural Protegida Estero El
Salado for their support.
The Scottish wetland inventory: coverage, techniques
and future implications
Goodyer, emma1*; Johan schutten1; Lorna Harris1; mohammed Haq1
1 Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), Ecology, Environmental Science Directorate, Bremner House,
Castle Business Park, Stirling UK, FK9 4TF
The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) is required to protect wetland habitats
under the Water Framework Directive. Knowledge of wetland location, type extent and condition is an essential pre-requisite to delivering this objective. Through collaboration with
partner organisations, the Scottish Wetland Inventory was developed through a collation of
spatially mapped vegetation survey data; often to community level from within designated
conservation areas. This first phase of the inventory lacked coverage of some known sensitive
wetland types, for which Scotland is internationally renowned e.g. wet Machair, and also
wetlands which are under increasing anthropogenic pressure. Inventory coverage is now
being expanded by predicting wetland types through the use of multi-spectral satellite imagery and the application of remote sensing technologies. In addition to these spatial assessments, SEPA monitors the ecological status and water requirements of wetlands across
Scotland through a network of field stations. The current five year data set is being analysed
to establish water level threshold requirements for surface water and ground water dependent wetlands. These thresholds will inform the connection between water pressures and
wetland impacts, improving the effectiveness of our legislative framework, enabling better
protection for the wider water environment and informing future strategies for wetland
management and conservation.
Impact of hydrological connectivity on zooplankton communities
in floodplain lakes: a case study of the Biebrza River
Goździejewska, Anna1; Katarzyna Glińska-Lewczuk2; Paweł Burandt2; szymon Kobus2;
roman Kujawa2; magdalena Grabowska4; Krystian obolewski5; Andrzej skrzypczak6; Jacek
Koszałka1; magdalena Bowszys1
Department of Applied Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10- 957 Olsztyn, e-mail: [email protected]
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Land Reclamation and Management, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Plac Łódzki 2, e-mail:[email protected], e-mail: [email protected]
1
2
155
4
University of Białystok, Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biology, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok,
Poland e-mail: [email protected]
5
Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Department of Ecology, 76-200 Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, e-mail:
[email protected]
The present study deals with the temporal variability in the structure of zooplankton communities in 10 floodplain lakes influenced by a natural flood pulse in the Middle Basin of the
Biebrza River (NE Poland). Total abundances, community composition and species diversity
of zooplankton assemblages in floodplain lakes were related to their connectivity with the
parent river and water quality variables. The use of multivariate analyses (DCA, RDA) showed
that the dynamics of flooding (frequency, amplitude and seasonality of the limno- and potamophases) changes habitat conditions and the densities and biovolumes of zooplankton communities. The differences in hydrological conditions in spring (potamophase) and autumn
(limnophase) contributed to significant changes in availability of nutrients and water aeration.
Total zooplankton abundance was also significantly related to chlorophyll a and TP concentrations. Species diversity, richness and evenness of zooplankton assemblages differed significantly among the lakes types. All wetlands were dominated by rotifers: from 87% in lentic
habitats to 51% in lotic and semi-lotic habitats. Isolation from the active river channel decreases the diversity of taxa and promotes species indicative of higher trophy of water: Anuraeopsis fissa, Keratella cochlearis var. tecta, Polyarthra longiremis. The structure of
Crustaceans was very poor regardless on a degree of surface connectivity between the lakes
and river. The increased abundance of Protozoa, mainly Arcella discoides, was observed in
lotic lakes. Sensitivity of zooplankton to the environmental stress makes it suitable to indicate
any changes in aquatic ecosystems. However, further study incorporating seasonal dynamics
and the influence of predators on zooplankton assemblages is needed to fully assess the use
of zooplankton community composition as an environmental indicator for the floodplain lake
systems. Nevertheless, the presented example of the untouched Biebrza floodplain with natural flow regime and floodplain water bodies shows reference conditions, based on zooplankton communities, in any further comparisons to modified floodplains or in restoration plans.
Contribution of the environmental isotopes studies to
the management of a protected space: Nature Reserve
of Fuente de Piedra Lake
Heredia, Javier1; manuel rendón martos2; francisco Javier montalván1-3; Alfredo García
de domingo1; francisco Javier elorza3; José maría ruiz1
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España. C/Ríos Rosas, 23. 28003, Madrid, ESPAÑA. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
2
Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio, Junta de Andalucía. Fuente de Piedra 29520, ESPAÑA. [email protected]
3 ETSI de Minas de Madrid, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. C/Ríos Rosas, 23. 28003, Madrid, ESPAÑA. [email protected]
1
The Fuente de Piedra lagoon is a wetland with a high ecological value. It was one of the three
first Spanish wetlands included in the Ramsar convention and was declared a Nature Reserve
in 1989. The lagoon (13 km2) is located in a endorheic basin (150 km2). In the basin outcrops
Miocene calcarenites that host a freshwater aquifer, and the Chaotic Subbetic Complex (CSC),
which defines the Miocene aquifer botton. The CSC is a lower to middle Miocene olistrome
formed by a marly-gypson matrix of Triassic age and limestone, dolomites and marls blocks
156
of Jurassic to Oligocene age. A deep hyper-saline karstic system was developed in the CSC
evaporative levels. The genetic model of the lagoon, the conceptual model of the hydrogeologic system and the genetic evolution of the brine are closely related. The origin of the lagoon
is related to karstification and collapse processes of the CSC gypsum-saline materials. The
area presents high density contrasts: shallow freshwater, brackish water and shallow and
deep brines. Traditionally, based on classic models for closed basins in semiarid climates, the
brine present in the system was considered of evaporative origin and it was placed in the discharge zone. However, the investigation that IGME has developed in last decade, suggests
that the brines origin are not exclusively due to evaporation. The hydrochemistry could identify different kinds of waters and brines. The relationship between Oxygen-18 and Total Dissolved Solids could discriminate brines according to the evaporation that they suffered.
Carbon-14, Carbon-13 and Tritium allow us to calculate dating of waters and brines. A model
of Oxygen-18 in precipitation identified the recharge of karst system in regional CSC carbonate
massifs. Natural tracers studies suggest the hydrogeological evolution of waters and brines.
This research supports the genetic-evolution model of the brine and the flow pattern of the
hydrogeological system consistent and coherent with new conceptual model.
The use of Iris pseudacorus in constructed wetlands
for restoring eutrophic lakes.
Hernández-Crespo, Carmen1; Javier Bixquert1; sara Gargallo1; nuria oliver1; miguel martín1
1 Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
Over the past decades, constructed wetlands (CWs) have been widely used to treat domestic,
industrial or agricultural waste waters. There are few cases in which this technology is being
applied to the treatment of eutrophic waters, but their use is growing up in the last years.
This study presents results of dry biomass, nutrients content, and potential use of three different plants (Iris pseudacorus, Phragmites spp., Typha spp.) in the Tancat de la Pipa free
water surface constructed wetlands (TPCWs) aimed at treating eutrophic water within a natural park (Albufera de Valencia, Spain). Sampling and analyses were performed according
to official methods. Measured tissue concentrations are on average 10.1, 10.8 and 11.7 mg
N/g dw and 1.7, 2.1 and 1.2 mg P/g dw for iris, cattail and reed respectively. The maximum
above-ground biomass reached is 1.85, 3.35 and 14.00 kg dw/m2 for cattail, iris and reed respectively. Among the plants studied, Iris pseudacorus is presented as a viable option in this
type of system. Reed and cattail have certain advantages in terms of nutrient removal: reed
has the highest dry biomass per unit area; whereas cattail has the highest phosphorus content. However, they have proved impractical in the long term in the TPCWs: reed does not
spread properly and cattail is subject to a high bird predation. In contrast, iris spreads suitably
and is aesthetic throughout the year. Additionally, harvest experiments have shown that
after two or more harvests per year, iris grows properly, whereas reed does not.
157
Fish as an indicator of the impact of pollutants in wetlands areas
Jean, severineab ; Annie Perrault ab ; José-miguel sánchez-Pérez b
a
b
Université de Toulouse ; INPT, UPS ; EcoLab, ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
CNRS ; UMR 5245 EcoLab, 31062 Toulouse, France
The intensification of agriculture with high fertilization rates and use of pesticides has increased the discharge of nutrients and pollutants into the aquatic ecosystems. In the context
of the European Union Water Framework Directive, and due to their inherent capacity for
removing pesticides and other contaminants, wetlands have been created or restored in
order to reduce pollutants entering streams, lakes, groundwaters, and coastal waters. In the
same time, wetlands are very rich in biodiversity and very important in the natural environment. They are considered to be major structural components of aquatic habitats, acting as
shelters, nesting and feeding grounds for fish and birds. Hence the response of the biota,
within a wetland to the loading of agricultural pollutants including pesticides remains unclear. The objective of this work was to investigate the biological impact of water providing
from alluvial wetlands on a freshwater fish of wetlands (Carassius auratus). The fish where
exposed to water sampled in different places of the Monbequi alluvial wetland (France) and
at different periods. The comet assay was developed in peripheral blood erythrocytes of
control and exposed fish to evaluate the potential genotoxic effect of this water. Some samples, specially contaminated by pesticides induced genotoxic responses in fish.
Assessment of ecological functions through wetlands creation
in a semi-arid Mediterranean catchment under intensive
irrigated agriculture
Jiménez, J.J.a,1; C. Pedrocchia; Causapéb, J.; e. navarroa; f. A. Comína
a
Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-Spanish National Research Council, IPE-CSIC. Avda. Montañana 1005, E-50080,
Zaragoza, Spain
b
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), C/ Manuel Lasala 44, 9º B, 50006 Zaragoza, Spain
1
ARAID Researcher
Semi-arid lands are being transformed to irrigated agriculture to increase crop production
and improve rural livelihoods, but also impacting soil (salinization) and aquatic ecosystems
(fertilizer and pesticide water runoff to natural water streams). Changes in the diversity of
specific soil and aquatic communities can affect delivery of impair ecosystem services. In this
study, soil parameters were measured in the Lerma valley (Zaragoza, NE Spain). Sites ranged
from shrubland to wetland, non-irrigated cereal, herbaceous plot and non-irrigated pine plantation. Soil organic matter fractionation, near infrared spectra (NIRS), of soil and biogenic
structures and the presence of terrestrial arthropods were assessed. Bootstrapping methods
were used to derive 1) richness estimates and 2) compare observed richness using randomisation tests. We explored how land-use change in a semi-arid Mediterranean catchment impacts the stability of the spatial and temporal pattern of Arthropod diversity through Partial
Triadic Analysis (PTA). In addition, NO3- excess from adjacent irrigated agricultural fields on
aquatic ecosystems was studied with ecotoxicological tests performed with algae. Soil C concentration in 53-106 µm size class fraction ranged from 24.5 in croplands to 102.4 g kg-1 C
under shrubland. NIRS signals allowed differentiation of mineral soil samples and invertebrate
(ants and earthworms) biogenic structures. In total, 3,919 individuals of terrestrial arthropods
were collected in pitfall traps, with a maximum bootstrapped diversity estimate of 19.8 in the
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wetland and a minimum of 3.32 in the shrubland (99 randomizations). Predators Carabid and
Arachnida were more abundant in the wetland area compared to the other sampling sites.
The PTA explained 44.47% (axis I) and 22.35% (axis II) of the total inertia of the original set of
observed matrices and revealed a common spatio-temporal pattern, i.e., there was no inversion of the temporal structure. NO3- concentration increased from the uppermost non-irrigated areas (200-400 µS cm-1; 0.1-14 mg L-1) to the intensively irrigated zones (1,800-5,000
µS cm-1; 15-130 mg L-1). Algae growing in the bank-gully showed an increased tolerance to
pesticides, with values lower than harmful thresholds, although further assessments are necessary if agricultural intensification continues. Our results led to a preliminary identification
of degradation hotspots related to ecological functions performed by organisms, with the
aim to propose corrective measures to reduce NO3- discharge and biodiversity loss.
The role of aquatic macrophytes in microhabitatual
transformation of physical-chemical features of water
in floodplains ponds
Joniak, Tomasz; natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen; Barbara nagengast
Department of Water Protection, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska str. 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, [email protected]
The role of macrophytes in nutrient circulation depends on the biotic and abiotic conditions
of the environment and also on the taxonomical structure, biomass and life cycles of plants.
The aim of the study was to find out whether the physical-chemical parameters and phytoplankton biomass (measured as chlorophyll) will differ between habitats located within macrophytes and within the open water zones of natural oxbows located in fluvial valley of 4 lowland
rivers Warta, Odra, Notec and Wełna (western Poland). The examination of macrophytes and
the physical-chemical features of water were carried out during stable regime of rivers in
summer 2005-2012 on 27 oxbows of an area 0.01–2.44 ha, maximum depth 0.4–3.5 m. The
analysis included stands located in the open water zone as well as among different ecological
types of water vegetation. Water temperature, oxygen, pH, conductivity and transparency
were measured in situ. In laboratory the DOM, chlorophyll and nutrients were analysed, and
trophic state was also calculated. The feature of oxbows hydrochemistry was moderately
mineralization (av. 585 µS/cm-1), neutral or weak alkaline pH and usually high oxygen saturation of water. The oxbows were characterized by similar level of hardness and their waters
were classified mainly as medium hard. In oxbows a mosaic structure of water vegetation
was created, enhancing the differentiation of the abiotic and biotic conditions of waters within
even a small area. Analysis the percentage share of phosphates in TP and chlorophyll content
in Vegetated versus Unvegetated zones suggested the important role of specific structure of
macrophytes. The studies were supported by the grant: NN302042739.
Integrating landscape change and socio-economic evaluation
on tropical wetland ecosystem services system
Kamlun, K.u.1; Bürger-Arndt, r. 1; Phua, m.-H. 2
Nature Conservation and Landscape Management, Göttingen University Büsgenweg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. [email protected]; [email protected]
School of International Tropical Forestry, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, UMS Road, 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah.
[email protected]
1
2
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The importance of peat swamp forest (PSF) is not only supporting the dynamic link of ecosystem services but also provides the beneficial influences of community livelihood. However,
human activities are threatening the PSF causing the loss of this pristine forest. Klias Peninsula, Sabah, Malaysia was an extensive PSF ecosystem, which was unfortunately destroyed
by fires especially in 1998 and 2003. In order to identify what lies behind these human activities we integrate remote sensing, GIS and socioeconomic survey to determine the driving
forces of landscape change at household and village level. Multitemporal satellite remote
sensing from mid 80s to mid 2000s was use to quantify the wetland vegetation change in
Klias Peninsula. The PSF had plummeted almost about 70% from 1985 to 2003. GIS using
buffering analysis was used in this study to generate 3 different distances (1000m, 2000m
and 3000m) with 3 identified factors (settlement, agriculture and road). Then an intersect
overlay of the identified factors with PSF change area (due to fire event in 1998 and 2003)
was conducted. The intersect overlay analysis showed that agriculture was the main factor
contributing to the fire ignition and deforestation in this area. Field interview also reached
the same conclusion that slash and burn for plantation was the major cause of the fires in
1998 and 2003. This study reveal that most of local people are farmers and traditional land
clearing by slash and burn practices contribute to the degradation of the PSF.
Distribution of Littorella uniflora L. (Asch.) seed bank
at the historical and recent localities in the Czech Republic
Kolář, Jan1
1
Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6 – Suchdol, 165
21, Czech Republic; [email protected]
Littorella uniflora (L.) Asch., a member of Plantaginaceae family belongs to a group of isoetids,
small, slow-growing, evergreen, aquatic plants. They are characterized by a strong and stiff
leaves with a basal form and a large amount of roots biomass. Oligotrophic and mesotrophic
freshwaters are typical habitats for this plant. In the Czech Republic as well as in other areas
of occurrence, number of suitable habitats is rapidly decreasing. In the years 2013 and 2014,
monitoring of all known areas of Littorella uniflora occurrence as well as some historical ones
was carried out. Aim of this project was to evaluate L. uniflora´s seed distribution at five historical and eight recent areas of occurrence and determine the size of it´s seed bank. Hence,
the samples of the sediment were taken and their greenhouse cultivation were carried out.
The traditional fishpond management, i.e. high stock, annual fish harvesting, periodical sediment removal, create conditions under which the seed bank is mostly lost. The fishponds
with low intensity management may, however, still preserve Littorella seed bank.
Bioturbation by macrofauna and its effects on oxygen
environments within tidal sediments
Koo, Bon Joo1; Chul-Hwan Koh2
Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 787 Haeanro, Sangnokgu,
426-744 Ansan, Kyeonggido, Republic of Korea. [email protected]
School of Earth and Environmental Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
[email protected]
1
2
The ecology of the thalassinidean mud shrimp, Laomedia astacina, was studied in the sediment of an estuarine tidal flat in the west coast of Korea, where this species lives forming
160
deep burrow systems. Laomedia had a huge and unique burrow system with several leaned
galleries interconnected to each other by spiral tunnels in the middle part, and in the main
gallery extended down being vertically twisted with many peripheral storage chambers in
the lower part. Burrow volume varied between 3,986 and 16,276 cm3, and burrow surfacearea was between 5,690 and 18,685cm2. The extensive burrows increase the total area of
the sediment-water interface by roughly 1,044%. We performed direct measurement of oxygen and nutrient fluxes in the burrow inorder to elucidate its role in the material flux at the
sediment-water interface. In vitro continuous oxygen measured at 12cm burrow depth revealed that Laomedia maintained burrow-water oxygen concentrations at 3.7 to 77.9 % of
air saturation with respect to tides. The burrow was not always irrigated each flooding, especially in neap tides, the burrow was blocked at the mound. Oxygen concentration in the
burrows generally showed two peaks each flooding, if the burrow was irrigated, just after
the flooding and just before the ebbing. Under the condition of excluding the shrimp from
the burrow, an oxygen diffusion rate into the burrow by the passive irrigation was insignificant (0.16±0.07 mgl-1h-1) compared to the rate by active irrigation of the shrimp
(16.91±13.05 mgl-1h-1). After detailed oxygen and water flow measurements, it seems that
the inhabitant dwells mainly in the upper part of the burrow system during spring tides and
descends into the lower part of the burrow during neap tides, when exposure duration is
extended.
The burrow irrigation rates of Laomedia were measured using an electromagnetic flow
meter. A burrow system with one mound and eight funnels was selected for the measurement. The average burrow irrigation rate during the flooding of about 4 hours was 24.7 ℓ/h
in the mound and 2.9 ℓ/h in the funnel. The irrigation had two peaks: the one was between
10 min and 30 min after the flooding and the other one was between 10 min and 50 min before the ebbing; the maximum value occurred in the former duration. Laomedia’s burrow
spacing and bio-irrigation can result that about 22,400 cm3 of oxic sediments exists below 1
m2 surface area, which means increase in oxic sediments up to 17 times compared to unburrowed sediments. If the burrow space is added, oxic volume within the tidal sediments
attains up to 111,600 cm3 per unit m2. The study area has a flooding duration of roughly 7
hours per day. If we assume that Laomedia pumps 24.7 l/h, each shrimp would pump 173
l/d and would flush their burrow water 17 times a day in a maximum. Oxygen penetration
into anoxic sediment and water exchanges between burrow waters and overlying waters by
burrow spacing and bio-irrigation impacts on biogeochemical processes and, subsequently,
can strongly accelerate the degradation of organic materials within tidal sediments and more
detailed material flux between tidal sediments and overlaying wates will be expected.
Conservation of macrophyte biodiversity in managed fishponds
Květ , Jan1,3, Štěpán Husák2
1 CzechGlobe, Global Change Research Centre, Czech Academy of. Scences., Na sádkách 7,
CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, [email protected]
2 Institute of Botany, Section Plant Ecology, Czech Academy of. Scences., Dukelská 135, CZ-37982 Třeboň, Czech
Republic, [email protected]
3 University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Central European fishponds are artificial shallow standing water bodies sized from <1 to hundreds of hectares. They are primarily managed for fish (mainly common carp) culture and
were constructed mostly in the 13th-16th centuries. Macrophytes inhabiting fishponds are
species of wetlands that originally occurred on sites of present-day fishponds. For centuries,
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the fishpond management was relatively nature-friendly, the fishpond macrophyte communities paralleling those of other oligo- to mesotrophic standing waters. After a slow increase
(late 19th to mid-20th century), the fishpond management intensity has increased rapidly
since the 1960ies. High fertilizer and manure doses, removal of large areas of littoral vegetation, dense fish stocks, their additional feeding, almost complete elimination of summerdrainage and other intensification measures, have strongly eutrophicated especially the
rearing (main) ponds. They have become unfavourable for aquatic and wetland macrophytes
and plants colonizing emerged fishpond bottom. Few macrophyte species can survive under
such conditions. The poster presents examples of macrophyte species populations and community types which are either unfavourably affected by, or are tolerant of, the conditions in
intensely managed rearing ponds Fishponds are usually arranged in cascades and show a
high connectivity. Establishment of nature reserves in individual ponds can therefore meet
with only partial success.
The energy and water balance of arid Inland wetlands systems:
A case study in northwestern china
Liu, Hu; Wenzhi Zhao*
Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, CERN, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
*Email: [email protected]
Wetlands remaining in the arid inland river landscapes of northwestern China suffer degradation and their resilience and ability to continue functioning under hydrologic and land use
changes resulting from climate change may be significantly inhibited. Information on the
desert-oasis wetlands, however, is sparse and knowledge of how ecological functioning and
resilience may change under climate change and water-resource management is still lacking.
Research in oasis wetland areas of the Northwestern China identified linkages between subsurface flow, plant transpiration, and water levels. In this study, we present an ecohydrological analysis of the energy and water balance in the wetland ecosystem. A process-based
stochastic soil moisture model developed for groundwater-dependent ecosystems was employed to modelling the interactions between rainfall, water table fluctuations, soil moisture
dynamics, and vegetation, and to investigate the ecohydrology of arid inland wetlands system. Field measured groundwater levels, vertical soil moisture profiles, soil water potentials,
and root biomass allocation and transpiration of pioneer species in the wetlands were used
to calibrate and validate the stochastic model. The parameterized model was then running
to simulate the probability distributions of soil moisture and root water uptake, and quantitative descript the vegetation–water table–soil moisture interplay in the hypothesized scenarios of future. Our analysis suggested the increasing rates of water extraction and
regulation of hydrologic processes, coupled with destruction of natural vegetation, and climate change, are jeopardizing the future persistence of wetlands and the ecological and
socio-economic functions they support. To understand how climate change will impact on
the ecohydrological functioning of wetlands, both hydrological and land use changes need
to be considered in future works.
162
Integrating palynological and organic geochemical proxies
for the palaeoenvironmental study of the Roñanzas peatbog
(N Spain)
López-días, Veneranda1a; José Antonio López sáez2a; miriam dorado Valiño2b; Wilhelm
Püttmann3; Jens fiebig4; Carlos G. Blanco1b; Angeles G. Borrego1c
1
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC). Aptdo. 73, 33080 Oviedo, Spain,
[email protected],[email protected], [email protected]
2
Grupo de Investigación Arqueobiología. Instituto de Historia, CCHS, CSIC. C/ Albasanz 26-28, 28037 Madrid,
Spain, 2a [email protected], 2b [email protected]
3
Institut für Atmosphäre und Umwelt -Umweltanalytik- J.W. Goethe-Universität. Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, [email protected]
4
Institut für Geowissenschaften-Facheinheit Paläontologie. J. W. Goethe-Universität,
[email protected]
The palynological assemblage and the distribution of molecular biomarkers quantified by
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry on the dichloromethane/MeOH extracts have been
studied in a 254 cm (6000 cal. yr BP) peat bog profile. The palynological analysis shows varied
arboreal vegetation composed of Corylus, deciduous Quercus, Pinus, Betula and Alnus at the
base of the sequence (6000-5500 cal. yr BP), which reflects a humid and warm climate leading to the establishment of ombrotrophic conditions. The bottom of the ombrotrophic peat
contains macro- and micro-charcoal reflecting the occurrence of forest fires. Lately, from
5500 cal. BP, an alternation of humid and dry periods occurred, being noticeable: 1) humid
periods (at 5500-5000 and 4500-3500 cal. yr BP), the first one characterized by an increase
of deciduous Quercus, Alnus, Betula, Fraxinus, Ulmus and hygrophytes and the second one
by the expansion of deciduous Quercus, Corylus, Alnus and the mesotrophic algae Spirogyra.
The molecular marker ratios indicating humidity also increase in these periods; 2) a dry period at 5000-4500 cal. yr BP is defined by the retrogression of all the arboreal taxa, the significant increase of Erica, the abundance of higher plant triterpenoids and the decrease of
the taxonomical diversity. The distribution of triterpenoid concentrations in Roñanzas bog
indicates a significant change in the vegetation at around 3400-4100 cal. yr BP coinciding
with a sharp decrease in the peat growing rate, which reflect the establishment of more
humid and cooler conditions in the late Holocene. The main arboreal taxa in the landscape
in this period were Corylus, Alnus and Betula. In contrast, deciduous Quercus and Pinus progressively decreased, reflecting the anthropogenic activity.
Molecular biomarkers as proxies for paleohydrological
evolution of coastal bogs in Eastern Asturias, N Spain
López-días, Veneranda1a; Justyna urbanczyk1b; Carlos G. Blanco1c; Ángeles G. Borrego1d
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC). Aptdo. 73, 33080 Oviedo, Spain.
[email protected]
1b
[email protected]
1c
1
1a
The North of Spain is the southernmost limit for the occurrence of Sphagnum acid bogs in
Europe and may have been particularly sensitive to climate variation due to the coincidence
with the boundary between the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean climatic regions. A Gas
Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric study of biomarker compounds together with deter-
163
mination of C, H, N and mineral matter contents have been carried out. The studied peats
are located on the coastal high plains “rasas” at altitudes between 130 and 250 m above sea
level, covering an age interval of 10000 years with different degrees of resolution. The
growth rates ranged between 0.05 and 0.6 mm/yr. Alternating humid/dry periods based on
biomarkers ratios have been detected which could be correlated in different sites. The most
relevant events were the replacement of a floral assemblage with significant woody contribution before 3500 yr cal. BP by a herbaceous- and Sphagnum-dominated vegetation typical
of cooler and more humid conditions, and the widespread occurrence of a humid episode
at 2200-3000 yr cal. BP. Among the peculiarities of Asturian peats for palaeoenvironmental
studies are: the high concentration of methylketones of medium to long chain length of microbial origin, the presence of triterpenyl derivatives that reflects the existence of a medium
enriched in acetic acid, in which these compounds were formed out of their corresponding
bioterpenols, the dominance of oleanane over ursane derivatives and the presence of C3
functionalized hopanoids, which have been assumed to be of microbial origin.
Rainfall and the presence of water in Gallocanta Lake
Luna, estela; Borja Latorre; Carmen Castañeda
Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, CSIC, Avenida Montañana 1005, 50059-Zaragoza, Spain, [email protected];
Long-term time-series data are required to identify annual and seasonal variations in rainfall
and to correlate the variations with water level fluctuations in wetlands. In the Gallocanta
Lake Basin, Tornos, a manual weather station has been running since 1944, provided the
longest series of rainfall data. Records were available for 97% of the days in the last 70 years.
The data missing from Tornos were completed using the data from the best-correlated
weather stations in the area. Mean annual rainfall was 488 mm [range = 760 mm (1959) 232 mm (2001)] and 61% of normal years. Rainfall in the area was very irregular and, in the
last decade, rainfall in the weather station located at lake shore was 22% below the rainfall
from Tornos. Rainfall was < 10 mm on 85% of the days in which it rained. July was the driest
month (mean rainfall = 27 mm, and < 5 mm in 20% of years. May was the wettest month
(mean rainfall = 73 mm, > 50 mm in 64% of the years. Rainfall was lowest in winter (91
mm/month) and highest in spring (154 mm/month). The available data about lake water occurrence, indicated three dry periods (1944-1955, 1980-1985, 1990-2008) and two wet periods (1960-1977, 1985-1990). Mean annual water levels in the dry periods and the wet
periods were 449 mm and 538 mm, respectively. Mean annual change in the water level of
the lake was 0.4 m, and the water level decreased from 2.84 m in 1974 to completely dry at
the beginning of the 1980s. Despite the hydric deficit (605 mm / year), the high rainfall in
the period 1986-1989 (633 mm / year) maintained the water depth in the lake at 1 m until
the 1990s. The persistence of high-diversity saline wet environments is affected by the variability in rainfall and its effect on fluctuations in the water level of the lake.
164
New nature reserving project elements in the major works
of the implementation of the Kis-Balaton Water Management
System Phase II
magyari, máté1; Csaba megyer2
1
2
Balaton Uplands National Park Directorate, H-8229 Csopak, Kossuth L. u. 16. [email protected]
[email protected]
The project targeting the completion of the Kis-Balaton Water Management System Phase
II started in 2011 after a 4-year-long preparatory period and will be finished in 2015. The
technical actions of the construction happened between July 2012 and June 2014. 85 % of
the budget of the project is financed by the European Commission. The development has
three main objectives: improvement of the ecological status of the area, further support
of the good water quality of Lake Balaton and the expansion of the flood-control function
of the Kis-Balaton. Management of the nature conservation in this area belongs to the Balaton Uplands National Park Directorate. We took part both in the preparatory and in the
implementation periods as advisors, consultants and practised professional inspection, too.
The most important results of nature reservation are as follows. Different water levels have
became feasable in different parts of the area through the construction of some gates and
sluices along the river Zala, which runs across the Kis-Balaton. Apart from the flexible flow
regulation, the seasonal variation of the water conditions are able to manifest. Two fishladders have been built near the two greatest gates which didn’t let the fish pass through.
The reproductive migration of many fish species has already become free. Four bridges
with culverts have been integrated in the western dike, so the pasture fields outside the
area would be flooded from late autumn to the following summer. It will be transformed
into a wetland habitat complex with changing water levels. It already makes better conditions not only for the waterfowl, but also enables the successful reproduction of the carp
and the bream. Finally, an abandoned borrow pit area has modificated to a new shallowwatered wetland complex. Besides reaching better ecological conditions, it can be utilized
in eco-tourism of the Kis-Balaton.
Approach to wetland geohydrology of El Espadañal
(Cuellar, Segovia)
martínez-Pérez, silvia1; miguel Pascual1; Antonio sastre1
Universidad de Alcalá. Dpto. de Geología, Geografía y Medio Ambiente (U.D. Geología),
1
The Espadañal wetland, located at southeast of the village of Cuéllar (Segovia, Spain), is a
seasonal body of surface water, on which has been made an approach to its hydrogeologic
behaviour, including a first conceptual model of the hydrogeological structure existing in the
territory. The presence of the wetland is due to the persistence of water in the final stretch
of Pradillos stream, and groundwater contributes to its permanence acting as a support to
sustain it.
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EU Life CREAMAgua: Creation and restoration of wetlands
for the improvement of water quality and biodiversity
in agricultural watersheds
masip, Adriá1; francisco A. Comín2; Victor Guirado3; Javier rodriguez4; Alfonso Calvo5; francisca Gallego6; ricardo sorando2; Gema Cacho7; Ana Loriente8; nadia darwiche2; mercedes
García2; silvia Gutiérrez2; Alberto Barcos2.
1
Parque Científico-Tecnológico Aula Dei; 2Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC; 3KV Consulting, 4Tragsa; 5Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro; 6Comarca de Los Monegros; 7Institut for the Studies and Research of Comarca
de Los Monegros; 8Foundation for Promoting Youth and Sports in Comarca de Los Monegros.
Riparian forests and wetlands were restored (increasing the hydrologic connectivity, constructing simple dikes and planting native species) in the River Flumen watershed (NE Spain)
(Life09ENV/ES/431 CREAMAgua) to show their potential for improving the quality of the
water discharged from irrigated fields and the biodiversity of agricultural watersheds.
Restoration sites were selected following a protocol which integrates scientific-technical,
social and economic aspects. Nitrogen and suspended solids in the wetlands showed a high
dispersion after two years but nitrogen retention, which was higher during the warm months
of the year, was up to 90% of the nitrogen discharge in some wetlands and up to 50% in
most wetlands two years after restoration. Fast development of low diversity plant cover is
observed in permanently flooded (in-stream) wetlands compared to off-stream wetlands.
Repeated planting was required in riparian zones after the first year flood disturbance. Bird
communities show an initial increase of diversity in permanently flooded wetlands; developing a landscape structure is required in other types of wetlands. An excellent acceptance
of the project actions by stake holders (farmers, municipalities, schools) was observed after
continued diffusion and education activities developed for 2 years.
Ponds as refugia for threatened dragonfly species
in Central Europe
matúšová, Zuzana1; marek svitok1; richard Hrivnák2; Ladislav Hamerlík3; Judita Kochjarová4; milan novikmec1; Helena oťaheľová2; Peter Paľove-Balang5
Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-96053 Zvolen, Slovakia, [email protected]
2
Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovakia, [email protected]
3
[email protected]
4
Botanical Garden – detached unit, Comenius University, Blatnica 315, SK-03815Blatnica, Slovakia, [email protected]
5
Institute of Biological and Ecological Sciences, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, SK-040 01 Košice,
1
We present the list of odonate species based on data collected during the years 1991- 2014.
The data on occurrence come from about 230 sites in Slovakia, both man-made and natural,
with stagnant or running water, while ponds represent a large proportion of sampled sites.
The sampled sites were distributed across all over the country in a wide altitudinal range
(96-1872 m a.s.l.) and under various environmental conditions. The odonate material consisted of larvae collected using kicking technique or PLOCH method, exuviae that were collected individually and netted imagoes. In total, we recorded more than 3000 odonate
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individuals that were determined into 47 species (nearly 70% of all species recorded in Slovakia). Most of them were eurytopic species tolerant to wide range of environmental conditions; however, many rare and threatened species were recorded as well. Ponds support
the highest diversity of odonate species and harbour the highest number of threatened
species. Multiple red-list species showed high frequency of occurrence in ponds. Apparently,
ponds appear to be refugia for rare and threatened dragonfly and damselfly species in Central Europe. This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under
the contract No. APVV-0059-11
Leaf litter breakdown of Populus nigra L. along a gradient of
aquatic habitats resulting from flow fragmentation in a temporary stream
menéndez, margarita1; meritxell Abril1; isabel muñoz1
1
Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona. Spain.
[email protected]
In the Mediterranean basins most of the streams are temporary, and therefore, characterized by a drying and rewetting period. Before the dry period, there is a contraction and fragmentation phase where the flow gradually decreases until the formation of isolated pools.
The aim of this study is to assess the development of the early decomposition process along
a gradient of aquatic habitats resulting from flow fragmentation. To achieve this objective,
we used 5 mm mesh size litter-bags in an 11-day field experiment to evaluate difference between habitats in litter breakdown. We observed an increase of the breakdown rate with
the moisture level. Despite a non-significant difference in macroinvertebrate abundance,
higher breakdown rates appear in running waters than in the isolated pools, related mainly
to the high fungal biomass on the leaf litter in running waters. DOM release from leaf litter
shows differences between sites and appears to be positive related to mass remaining. A
high heterogeneity was observed between the physicochemical characteristics of water,
breakdown rates and abundance of macroinvertebrates between the isolated ponds in spite
of its proximity, suggesting the importance to study the processes occurring in these temporal habitats and its effect in the fluvial ecosystem functioning.
Biodiversity of filamentous bacteria in ponds
miłobędzka, Aleksandra
Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Biology Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Nowowiejska 20,
00-653 Warsaw, Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
Almost all naturally occurring microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, yeasts and fungi,
can be found in ponds. Among the bacteria present in aquatic environment the most characteristic forms are cylindrical, straight or spirally twisted coccobacillus (Bacterium), slightly
bent rods with flagella (Pseudomonas), vibrio (Vibrio) and spirochetes (Spirochaeta). Water
also serves as habitat for filamentous bacteria. Taking morphology into consideration, filaments are multicellular organisms similar to Cyanobacteria. They differ in the length of the
filament and the number of flagella as well as motility. Chlamydobacteriales include aquatic,
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saprophytic forms, nonpathogenic aerobic heterotrophs, which do not form endospores.
They live in freshwater and can be grown on various nutrient media. Genus Sphaerotilus
may serve as a represntative, creating whitish conglomerations in polluted waters. These filaments can accelerate the development of a periphyton biofilm. Different bacteria in this
order are Crenothrix and Leptothrix, with iron compounds in sheath. Leptothrix occurs in ferruginous, standing or slow-flowing, fresh waters with low organic matter concentrations
only. Order Caryophanales is represented by a relatively short filament, usually motile. In
contrast to the previously described orders, movable stages have many flagella arranged on
the entire surface of the cell. Bacteria belonging to Caryophanales are saprophytes and parasites associated with animals: insects and vertebrates. Beggiatoa is a genus of bacteria that
can oxidize hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as energy source, forming intracellular sulfur droplets.
Bacteria feed both by chemosynthesis (autotrophic) and heterotrophic (saprophytes), can
be found in freshwater with high levels of hydrogen sulfide, like, sewage contaminated water
and mud layers of lakes, also in the rhizosphere of swamp plants. Examples above show the
biodiversity of filamentous bacteria in aquatic environment and their use of a variety of energy sources, which effects the habituation of different ecological niches.
Critical soil moisture values as objective criteria for managing
Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park during droughts
moreno, Luis1; Héctor Aguilera2; maria emilia Jiménez-Hernández3; silvino Castaño4; Almudena de la Losa5
1-5 Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid (Spain). [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected].
Many threats to wetlands in semiarid regions during drying periods - invasive plants
development, combustibility of organic soils, nutrient redistribution or soil physical disruption - are controlled by the soil water content. A methodological approach based on SoilWater-Atmosphere-Plant (SWAP) model for soil moisture modelling and simulation has been
successfully tested and applied in the anthropized Mediterranean semiarid wetland area of
Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park in central Spain. Several vadose zone water flow models
have been successfully calibrated for the different soil units identified by using, as main input
data, experimental values of soil physical and hydraulic characteristics, soil moisture measurements, vegetation growth parameters and climatic records. Soil moisture threshold values
for peat combustibility (0.25 v/v) and for invasive reed overgrowth on charophyte (0.32 0.56 v/v) and peat (0.19 - 0.33 v/v) soil types have been estimated. Simulations of a typical
2-year drainage scenario in the region indicated that critical soil moisture conditions for reed
overgrowth are attained 9-10 months after flooding ceased and that peat areas colonised
by reed plants become combustible (even 50% probability chance) by the end of the simulated period. Decision-makers can use the calibrated models to predict the evolution of soil
moisture under different climatic and management scenarios in order to choose the most
efficient management options for preventing that soil moisture reaches critical values.
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Relation between chlorophyll and pheophytin as indicator
of disturbances in environment of floodplains ponds of the
Warta River (Poland)
nagengast, Barbara1; Tomasz Joniak1; natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen1
1
Department of Water Protection, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska str. 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, [email protected]
Small water bodies as small-size systems have a significant influence on maintaining the biological diversity and networks of ecological associations within the landscape. For oxbow
the role of a natural linker between similar areas within the landscape play the river. Chlorophyll content can directly determine photosynthetic potential and primary production. The
ratio of chlorophyll-a (Chl) to pheophytin-a (Pheo) serves as a good indicator of the physiological condition of phytoplankton. Aim of study was comparing the relations between the
phaeopiments and also with other parameters with important significance for primary production during time of flooding by the river and later, during limnophase. The study was performed on 12 oxbows of Warta River in two distinct hydrological periods: short after
potamophase in May 2008 and after full stabilization (limnophase) in July 2008. The study
area represents an extensively managed landscape with a high biodiversity. Sampling of
water was taken from subsurface layer. Chlorophyll with correction for pheophytin was determined after extraction with ethanol and total phosphorus, total reactive phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium nitrogen after EN-ISO methods. During potamophase the
concentrations of Chl as well as Pheo were much lower than in limnophase (22.2 and 24.3
µg·dm3, 43.7 and 44.4 µg·dm3, respectively) but the ratio Chl/Pheo was marginally different
(0.82 and 1.04). The studies were supported by the grant: NN302042739.
Hydrological characterization of wetland areas located
at Guadalhorce river mouth (Malaga province, southern Spain)
nieto-López, José manuel1; matías mudarra-martínez1; Bartolomé Andreo-navarro1;
manuel rendón martos2
Department of Geology and Centre of Hydrogeology at the University of Malaga (CEHIUMA), Malaga, 29071,
Spain. [email protected] [email protected], [email protected]
2
Delegación Provincial de Medio Ambiente (Málaga). [email protected]
1
In lower river basins and, especially, in river mouth areas, slightly deep depressions can exist,
whose genesis is related to the fluvial dynamics (erosive and sedimentary processes, floods,
former meanders). In this context, flooding provoke the regular accumulation of water at
the existing depressions and floodplains. In hydrogeological terms, alluvial sediments constitute aquifers, which are closely related to the hydrological regime of the rivers, contributing to the preservation of flooded areas, providing water to wetlands, and modulating the
seasonal variations of flow in rivers. On the other hand, seawater variations (tidal waves)
can infer in the groundwater dynamic related to fluvial deposits and, by extension, in water
level of wetlands (principally those nearby to the coast). Additionally, marine influence to
river mouth wetlands can also provoke significant changes in its water salinity, depending
on the distance to offshore. In this work we present the preliminary results coming from the
hydrological characterization of the wetland areas located in the Guadalhorce River month,
in the vicinity of the city of Malaga (Southern Spain). It is protected area by the regional au-
169
thorities due to its great biodiversity. These wetlands occupy a set of depressions generated
by quarrying activities (sand extractions for building at Malaga city) since 1977 to 1982; all
they situated between the two branches of river mouth, canalized between 1997 and 2003,
in order to mitigate periodical river floods. For hydrological characterization, in situ discontinuous measurements (water temperature, electrical conductivity and water level variation)
have been carried out at pools and wells, from October 2013 to May 2014. Water samples
have been also taken at these points for subsequent chemical analysis in the laboratory.
Representative wetland and well have been monitored with data logger devices to record
water level variations. In addition, vertical profiles of electrical conductivity and temperature
of water were made at monitoring network. The results show the clear hydraulic relationship
between wetlands, the underlying alluvial aquifer, the Mediterranean Sea and the Guadalhorce River. This is reflected in the salinity of wetland water, being lower when distance to
coast increase, because fresh water component from the aquifer and the river is higher than
in the wetlands located close to the coastline, where seawater influence is more evident.
The hydrochemical analysis confirms the increasing of marine influence on wetlands and
aquifer waters toward the coastline, whereas vertical profiles show a relative increment of
the aquifer salinity in depth. Historical data suggest an increase of salinity values into wetlands respect to a previous situation when river mouth was near natural conditions. On the
other hand, the marine signal influence on the aquifer and wetlands has been also checked
by the observation of the tidal cycles and the piezometric level variations in the aquifer (in
a point located 940 m inland). Between both record, there is a clear positive correlation although with 3 hours lag.
Taxonomic composition and abundance of macrozoobenthos
in re-opening oxbow lakes according to environmental factors
obolewski, Krystian1; Glińska-Lewczuk Katarzyna2; Aleksander Astel3
1
Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Department of Ecology, 76-200 Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22,
e-mail:[email protected], [email protected]
2
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Management, 10-756 Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 2, e-mail:[email protected]
In freshwaters, the benthic invertebrates play an essential role in key ecosystem processes,
such as food chain dynamics, productivity, geochemical cycling and decomposition. Their
distribution and abundance is directly related to different environmental factors such as
food availability and quantity, sediment type, substrate, and water quality. The aim of the
study was to assess taxonomic composition and abundance of macrozoobenthos in oxbow
lakes created in the past as a result of a set of river regulation works was applied which
mostly consisted in cutting of the river meanders. The re-connection of oxbow lakes to the
river may enhance the resuspension of bottom sediments and thus release previously accumulated elements into the wa¬ter. The studied area covered the middle part of the Słupia
River, rich with numerous floodplain lakes. This river is one of the biggest water-courses of
the east European platform in Poland, which flows into the Baltic Sea (water parting with
the area of 1620 km2, length 138.6 km, average annual flow 15.5 m3/s, floods with flow
higher than 100 m3/s usually between October and March). Content of elements and its
forms (TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), TOC (total organic carbon), K, Na, Mg and
Ca) in bottom sediments of oxbow lakes and river-bed of the Słupia river at Słupsk were determined. Three oxbow lakes artificially re-connected with the river from Northern Poland
were studied to find out which environmental factors influence taxonomic composition,
abundance and biodiversity of their zoobenthos.
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Should we hydrologically reconnect floodplain lakes with
rivers? Assessment of the ecological state of restored water
bodies based on macroinvertebrate communities
obolewski, Krystian1; Katarzyna Glińska-Lewczuk2; Paweł Burandt2; Agnieszka strzelczak3;
Zbigniew osadowski4
1
Department of Ecology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland, email:[email protected]
2
Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Management, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 2, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
3
Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI
3, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland, e-mail:[email protected], Poland
4
Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, 76-200
Słupsk, Poland, e-mail:[email protected]
The removal of dams and flood embankments in order to restore and intensify the hydrological connectivity in river valleys has become more common practice. It is particularly important in the case of floodplain lakes which functioning depends on flood pulses in the
riverbed. Three left bank oxbow lakes, located in the Słupia River valley (northern Poland),
were reconnected with the mother river in 2008. Simultaneously with the restoration works,
the monitoring of the ecological state of the water bodies was conducted based on benthic
invertebrates (according to the recommendations of Directive 2000) which qualitative and
quantitative structure indicated changes occurring in the renaturized aquatic ecosystems.
Several biomonitoring indices as well as the indices of biological diversity were used in this
study. In the first year after reconnection a considerable improvement in ecological conditions of the studied oxbow lakes was recorded which manifested in the high values if biomonitoring indices as well as in high biological diversity. A considerable but short-term
deterioration of ecological state was observed in summer 2011 but in the next years (2012
– 2013) it was moderately good which indicated that the ecosystems stabilized after the perturbations caused by the inflow of river water.
This study was financed by the National Science Centre of Poland as project no N N305
1423 40
The use of natural spaces at Aveiro Lagoon (Portugal).
A development strategy of Mira municipality
oliveira, margarida1
Centre for Studies in Geography and Regional Planning (CEGOT), Faculdade de Letras, Colégio de S. Jerónimo,
Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-530 Coimbra, Portugal, [email protected]
1
The municipality of Mira is located in central Portugal, integrating one of the most prominent
water mirrors the Portuguese coast, the Ria de Aveiro (Aveiro Lagoon). Like any municipality
located in the vicinity of this estuary, their economic, social and even cultural development
is based on your natural environment. The very changes in the sectors of activities, development of own territories, as was the replacement of agriculture and fishing (primary sector)
by tourism (tertiary sector) based in the asset that is the territory surrounding the Ria de
Aveiro (Aveiro Lagoon). This study aims to identify the past, present and future uses of this
171
territory. It also aims to identify new possibilities of use, using a sustained innovation. The
method relied on questionnaires and interviews with residents of different age groups, to
local entities such as the municipality and associations of environmental protection. The
findings presented here indicate (1) a new demand for more sustainable activities related
to the environment. Although we conclude about (2) revitalization of traditional products
with a guise of innovation. A (3) replacement of activities connected to tourism of sun and
sea by more focused on the moist areas of the municipality activities is proof that they are
an asset to the socio-economic development of the municipality.
Reproductive potential of Tanymastix stagnalis (L., 1758)
(Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in “Malladas de El Saler”
(Valencia, Spain)
ortells, raquel; Carla olmo; deborah fandos; Xavier Armengol
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biología Evolutiva. Universitat de València. Valencia Spain,
[email protected]
The fairy shrimp Tanymastix stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Anostraca)
is a free-swimming filter-feeder of Mediterranean temporary ponds. Although its reproductive mode has been described in the past, little is known on specific traits of its life history,
especially when adapted to unpredictable habitats. We contributed to the description of life
history traits (life span, life expectancy, age at reproduction, generation time, reproductive
rate, clutch size, number of batches) using a life table approach. We used individuals of T.
stagnalis belonging to a unique pond in a recently-restored area (Malladas de El Saler) near
the city of Valencia. We isolated ten couples in plastic containers and follow until the last of
them died. Every other day we transferred every couple to fresh medium and counted the
eggs deposited on the bottom of the containers. To check if male encounters are necessary
for every reproductive batch, we isolated 10 additional females that had been in contact
with a male, (i.e., fertilised) and proceeded as above. We found a high variability in egg productivity between couples. The number of eggs produced per couple ranged between 26
and 207 and it was correlated to life span. Life expectancy at birth was 24 days. All these life
table parameters describe reproductive potential due to manipulation in the lab. Reproductive rates are inflated because encounters were forced. In the field the probability of encounter is much lower. Also life span maybe underestimated because daily manipulation of
the individuals may have stressed them and caused higher mortality. Isolated females deposited only a few eggs, concluding that continuous mating is necessary.
Herbicide decontamination of surface water as a wetland
ecosystem service in an agricultural basin: a preliminary
assessment
Pappalardo, salvatore eugenio1; Valentina Gasparini1; stefan otto2; Giuseppe Zanin1; maurizio Borin1
University of Padova, DAFNAE-Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment –
Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16 – 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy, [email protected]
2
Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF-CNR), Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, Viale
dell’Università 16 – 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy. [email protected].
1
172
The concept of ecosystem services has recently gained an increasing attention in environmental sciences and practical applications. Especially aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems
such as wetlands, riparian ecotones and vegetative buffer strips are very relevant for providing the full set of ecosystem services (Provisioning, Regulating, Supporting and Cultural
services) for human society. Particularly, wetland systems provide a pivotal service as water
purification by pollution control retention and removal and detoxification of excess nutrients
and pollutants. Through a combination of physical, chemical and biological processes such
as delaying surface flow, promoting infiltration, adsorption and chemical degradation, the
complex system “plant-soil” of wetland vegetation is able to reduce pollutants as nutrients
and pesticides from runoff. In intensive cropping systems of North-eastern Italy pesticides
are a major treat to surface water. In fact, they can be transported by runoff to the minor
drainage network and, therefore, to natural or semi-natural aquatic ecosystems. Hence, reducing pesticide impacts by implementing constructed wetland and vegetative filter strips
on cropland is a present challenge towards a better sustainability of agricultural production.
A field experiment is ongoing in the experimental farm of the University of Padua: at the
outlet of a 6 ha agricultural basin, conventionally cultivated with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor
L.), a 3,200 ha constructed wetland, vegetated with common reed (Phragmites australis
(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud), is under testing to evaluate herbicide efficiency retention. Conventional
and simulated herbicide applications are performed, particularly of S-metolachlor, terbuthylazine and mesotrione, active ingredients commonly used in spring-summer crop in Northeastern Italy. Water and soil samples are collected and geo-referenced, in order to perform
a GIS-based assessment of herbicide removal efficiency within the wetland.
Preliminary results of the Amphibia project: inventory,
creation, restoration and monitoring of ponds for amphibians
on the southeastern Iberian Peninsula
Parrondo-Celdrán, Paz1; david Verdiell-Cubedo2; eduardo escoriza-Abril3
Asociación Columbares. C/ Adrian Viudes nº 9. 30570, Murcia, Spain. ([email protected])
Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física. Facultad de Biología. Universidad de Murcia. 30100, Murcia,
Spain. ([email protected])
3
Asociación Herpetológica Murciana (AHEMUR). C/ Redón nº 8, 3ºC. 30800, Lorca, Spain. ([email protected])
1
2
Ponds in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula are essentially man made water bodies
mostly constructed for farming purposes. In this semiarid region, farm ponds are temporary
aquatic systems related to traditional agricultural practices which act as small wetlands.
These systems contribute significantly to the conservation of biodiversity and recent studies
have demonstrated their importance for amphibians as breeding sites. The Amphibia project,
partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, aims to restore and create new temporary ponds for the conservation of amphibian species through
the increase of connectivity between different populations. During the 2013 we elaborated
an inventory of farm ponds and identified their main environmental characteristics and conservation problems. In addition, we developed a seasonal monitoring programm for selected
farm ponds in order to evaluate their value as breeding sites for amphibians. An important
dissemination and awareness raising campaign was also performed. The restoration actions
consisted mainly in the selective dredging of pond ground, restitution of water inputs and
revegetation, as well as the installation of exit and entrance ramps when necesary. A total
of 42 farm ponds were inventoried and characterised. Pond restoration and creation actions
had a positive impact and improved amphibian breeding success.
173
Preliminary studies of the composition of small inland waters
of the Valencia province
Pla, Alberto; Agustín Pastor; Angel morales-rubio
Departamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València. [email protected]
The Turia river passing through the province of Valencia crosses four counties, called El
Rincón de Ademuz, La Serranía, Camp del Turia y L´Horta. The Turia river passes through
small towns with small industrial estates and the composition of its waters is primarily related
with the springs from it feeds. However, in its lower course, intensive farming and higher
economic activity influence the composition of the water, even in the composition of the
groundwater. In this poster the preliminary results of the analysis of several tens of water
samples, from the region of La Serrania, both springs and fountains and the Turia river itself
will be exposed. Samples were taken at points georeferenced, and in situ determinations,
pH, redox potential, conductivity and temperature, were performed. Water samples were
carried to the laboratory and classical determinations, like permanganate oxidizability and
bicarbonates, were carried out. Other parameters, in which the use of instrumental techniques was necessary, also were determined. The anions chloride, sulphate, nitrate and
phosphate by ion chromatography and conductivity detection (IC-CD) and Ca, Mg, Na, K and
transition metals by Inductively Coupled Plasma with Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICPOES) or Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) detectors. In the data presented, it appears that the
composition of the waters of the River Turia, five samples taken along 75 kilometres, remains
fairly consistent for most of the parameters studied. However, the variability of the values
found in the waters of the springs and sources is more pronounced.
Is pastoralism constitue a sink of carbon in high Andean
wetlands?
Ponsac, Claire1; roque marca natalio2; squeo francisco A.3
Mention Sciences de l’Environnement Terrestre (SET), Université Aix-Marseille et Institut Pythéas Observatoires
des Sciences et de l’Univers (OSU), Case 50 - B12 52 avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen 13397 Marseille Cédex
20, France, [email protected].
2,3
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, and Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Casilla 554, La Serena, Chile, [email protected], [email protected]
1
Large herbivores are keys drivers of nutrient cycling in ecosystems worldwide and they have
an important influence on the productivity and species composition in plants community.
Wetlands are considerate like large carbon storage; however, our understanding of the carbon flux dynamic is limited. Predictions are a diminution of the carbon storage in wetlands
under high-intensity of grazing. In contrast, a low-intensity grazing should enhance plant and
soil C accumulation. The objective of this study is determinate the net organic matter balance
in six high-mountain wetlands of the arid Andean zone of Chile (29°S-70°O, 2900 a 3800
msnm). In each studied wetland, we evaluate the production of the annual dry aerial biomass
(i.e., net aerial primary productivity (NAPP)) with and without herbivory, and the organic
matter (dung) deposited by herbivores. Between evaluated wetlands, the NAPP sin herbivory
varies between 342±15 and 1884±42 g m2. The herbivory is responsible of the removing of
the NAPP between 38 and 72% (i.e. difference between zones with herbivory and without
174
herbivory in each wetland). The organic matter liberated by herbivores varies between 7
and 61 g m2. In wetlands, herbivores deposit between 1 and 17 % of the consumed dry biomass. Equines represent an average of 84% of the liberated biomass follows by the native
camelid (Lama guanicoe) with 8,4%. Dung of the others herbivores represent 3,3 % for the
caprines, 3,0% for the bovines and 1,2% for the leporids. To conclude, these Andean wetlands
are functioning like source of carbon and the deposition of herbivores dung no compensate
the organic matter deposited by them.
Amphibian species richness and wetland characteristics
in the Pokupsko basin, Croatia
Popović, nina1
1 Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J. J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia, [email protected]
Historical data on amphibian species richness and abundance are not available for the Pokupsko basin study area. Also, the value of these wetlands for amphibians has not been examined previously. The aim of this study is to determine local amphibian species richness and
abundance in a landscape heavily influenced by human activities. Wetland characteristics in
the study area such as size, vegetation, hydrology and extent of human land use is described
based on previous faunistic and plant studies of these habitats as well as recorded new data
on water chemistry characteristics relevant for amphibians. Field visits were conducted from
2004 to 2006 in an area of 4,25 ha, where 4 permanent plots were installed. Drift fences
and pitfall traps were used as sampling technique. During the study period 6 amphibian
species were recorded. Bufo bufo was the most abundant species accounting for about
43,12% of all captures. Salamandra salamandra comprised 41,28% of the samples. Regarding
vegetation, 96 species were identified. Values of water chemistry variables did not range
widely and the general observation is that ponds were eutrophic. The extensive alterations
at Pokupsko basin has resulted in changes in wetland hydrology and a probable shift in the
relative abundance of amphibian species.
Seasonal changes in the rotifer (Rotifera) diversity from
the wetland Boximo (State of Mexico, Mexico)
reyes-García, ricardo 1; s.s.s. sarma2; s. nandini2
1 Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n
Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F., México.
E-mail: [email protected]
2 Lab. de Zoología Acuática, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Iztacala, Av. de los Barrios
No.1, AP 314, Código Postal 54090, Los Reyes, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México.
E-mail: [email protected]
Wetland ecosystems are characterized by high biodiversity and thus play a key role in providing a unique habitat for a wide variety of flora and fauna. However, the Mexican wetlands
systems are poorly studied. In this work we provide some quantitative data on the seasonal
changes in the abundance and diversity of rotifers from Boximo, a high altitude wetland (latitude 19 ° 36 ‘ 13 “N and Longitude 99 ° 41’ 49” W). Zooplankton samples were collected
monthly for one year (2013-2014) and the selected physico-chemical variables (temperature,
175
pH, transparency, nitrates and phosphates) were recorded from each of the 6 sampling
points. So far 102 species of rotifers, representing 21 families and 40 genera, were identified.
The most diverse rotifer families from the Boximo wetlands were: Lecanidae (18%), Notommatidae (13%), Brachionidae and Colurellidae (each with 11%). This is the first waterbody in
Mexico with rotifer species richness exceeding 100 species. In addition, this study adds 7
new records for to the fauna of Mexico: Mikrocodides chlaena (Gosse, 1886), Euchlanis pyriformis Gosse, 1851, Lepadella minuta (Weber & Montet, 1918), Lepadella quadricarinata
(Stenroos, 1898), Beauchampia crucigera (Dutrochet, 1812), Floscularia ringens (Linnaeus,
1758) and, Macrotrachela multispinosa Thompson, 1892. Detailed quantitative data on the
seasonal abundances of rotifers and the diversity of Shannon-Wiener diversity were also
presented in this work throw values 2.7 and 3.7 characteristic values of these water bodies.
Raising awareness for Mediterranean temporary ponds
in Morocco
rhazi, Laïla1; Bouahim siham1,3,4; Van den Broeck maarten 2,1; Waterkeyn Aline2,3; Grillas
Patrick3; Amami Btissam1,3,4; el madihi mohammed1; rhazi mouhssine5; saber er-riyahi6;
Brendonck Luc2
1
Hassan II Casablanca University, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Environment,
BP 5366, Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco. [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected].
2
Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 32, 3000, Belgium.
[email protected], [email protected] [email protected]
3
Tour du Valat, Research Centre for Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France
4
Université Montpellier2 - CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Case 061, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05,
France. [email protected]
5
Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Department of Biology, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco. [email protected]
6
Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, Department of Geography, BP 11202, Zitoune
Meknès, Morocco. [email protected]
Morocco is characterized by high densities of temporary ponds scattered throughout its
landscape. Although these habitats house a high biodiversity and provide several ecosystem
functions benefiting the local people, they suffer from anthropogenic impact. A study in the
province of Benslimane (Western Morocco) quantified a loss of 23% in number and 61% in
surface area of temporary ponds over a period of 50 years (1955-2001). Additionally, socioeconomic surveys revealed that 25% of the local people have negative perceptions of the
ponds, e.g. as being mosquito breeding areas or as lost arable land. This explains why ponds
are often destructed. In order to promote the conservation of these habitats, awareness
campaigns were organized during a 2-year VLIR-UOS project. Firstly, courses and field visits
were organized in schools and universities. Also, a short documentary and brochures were
made to inform the local population. Finally, a meeting was organized with all stakeholders
(i.e. local authorities, users, researchers) where the importance of these ponds for the local
people’s life quality was stressed. The need for taking the ponds into account in communal
development plans was also underlined as well as the need for reinforcement of sensibilisation efforts to ensure a lasting change in perception.
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Diatom-based tools for the assessment of temporary and
permanent isolated wetland conditions in the Mpumalanga
Highveld region, South Africa.
riato, Luisa1; Valentina della Bella2; manel Leira3; Paul oberholster1
Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa, [email protected]
Biomonitoring Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Umbria Region, ARPA UMBRIA, Italy,
[email protected]
3
Department of Geography, University of Lisbon, Portugal, [email protected]
1
2
The premise of the study is to investigate how changing environmental conditions, natural
and human-induced stressors, and temporal and spatial heterogeneity affect the organisation and functioning of diatoms in isolated wetlands in the Mpumalanga Highveld region of
South Africa. These wetlands constitute a priority due to impacts of acid mine drainage
(AMD) from extensive coal mining. For the purpose of developing an effective assessment
and management strategy for AMD impacted isolated wetlands, this study aims to create
and test a multi-metric AMD-diatom index of isolated wetland condition. The second aim is
to investigate isolated wetlands with similar hydroperiods during various stages of inundation
in order to assess the impacts of hydroperiod and salinity on diatom taxonomic composition.
The third aim is to assess the influence of host macrophyte type on epiphytic community
composition in temporary isolated wetlands during various stages of inundation. Accordingly,
the influence of the host macrophyte species on the epiphytic diatom composition can be
determined in relation to the influence of other factors. This will contribute to our understanding of the function of these systems on a regional and national level and can complement international hydrobiological wetland studies where temporary waterbodies are highly
vulnerable to hydrological disturbances.
Plankton assessment for the management of constructed
wetlands in the framework of the LIFE+12 ALBUFERA project
rodrigo, maría A.; matilde segura; William Colom; Carmen rojo
Integrative Ecology Group, Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia,
Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain. [email protected]; [email protected];
Information about plankton contribution to eutrophication reduction in constructed wetlands is scarce. Our previous studies on these kinds of systems demonstrated relevant microalgal reductions and favourable shifts in plankton community structures in constructed
wetlands effluents, and the important role of zooplankton in water clearing. Here, we corroborate how microalgal biomass is drastically reduced after passing through the constructed
wetlands involved in the LIFE+12 Albufera project: showing 80±24, 85±8, 82±12 % reductions
(mean and S.D.) of chlorophyll concentrations in the effluents of Tancat Pipa, Tancat Milia
and Tancat Illa, respectively, when compared with inflows. The constructed wetlands also
brought about beneficial changes in phytoplankton assemblages: when comparing the inflows and the outflows, important reductions in cyanobacteria biomass and increases in
green algae and diatoms biomass, easily edible by zooplankton, were observed. A considerable reduction in rotifer biomass was found in the effluents of all three Tancats. Although
we only have the preliminary results so far, the reduction in microalgal concentration and
the observed shifts in plankton community structures emerge as satisfactory.
177
Hydrological monitoring of a new created wetlands in Pablo de
Olavide University campus (Seville)
rodríguez rodríguez, miguel1; Layla marquez san emeterio1
1
Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Carretera de Utrera, km. 1, 41013, Sevilla. [email protected]; [email protected]
This report presents the hydrological characterization two artificial lakes system located in
the campus of the University Pablo de Olavide (Sevilla), created in October 2013 as a result
of a environmental project for the improvement of the campus. In this work it will be analyzed the hydrological dynamics of the lakes system during a period of six months, contrasting
meteorological and other observations made in situ for a better understanding and assessment of the results. Also, a hydrochemical analyses and a soil water balance (SWB) in the
watershed was made in order to characterise the water quality and estimate water resources. Hourly monitoring of the water level and temperature allowed to validate the SWB
in the watershed for a water holding capacity of 25 mm.
Progress of Life+ “Los Tollos” Project (09 ENV/ES/000472)
Action 26: Hydrogeological Monitoring
rodríguez rodríguez; miguel1; francisco moral martos1; mario Parra Cachada1
1
Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Carretera de Utrera, km. 1, 41013, Sevilla. [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
In the context of Los Tollos Life+ project, the hydrogeological monitoring of the playa-lake
and the related aquifers has been studied in detail. The main specific objectives of Action
26 (Hydrogeological Monitoring) are the following: collection and analysis of all previous hydrological information; piezometric study and hydrochemistry of the groundwater body of
Lebrija; monitoring of the hydrology of Los Tollos playa-lake, in terms of both water and
groundwater quality and quantity; monitoring of meteorological variables for the precise
estimation of the terms of the water balance and, finally, description of the relation between
surface and groundwater in the playa-lake. In this sense, the installation of a wide range of
hydrological equipment (water level, temperature and salinity sensors in piezometers, wells
and the playa-lake, weather and soil humidity stations near the playa, bimonthly water-sampling campaigns, etc.) has allowed us to achieve all of the proposed objectives during the
restoration activities. Water level on the different aquifers are recovering, and the high degree of hydrological disconnection between the Los Tollos clayey unit and the underlying
sandy aquifer (Lebrija aquifer) indicate the probable achievement of the hydrological restoration of the system. Anyhow, a future hydrological monitoring, after the end of the restoration
activities, is crucial to check up on the certain restoration of the ecosystem in the long term.
Lipid signature responsive of the biogeochemical functionality
of hydric soils in Gallocanta Lake, Spain
ruiz-matute, Ana isabel1,3; Carmen Castañeda2; Gonzalo Almendros1; Jesús sanz3; Jorge Álvaro-fuentes2
MNCN, CSIC. Serrano 115B, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, [email protected]; [email protected]
Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, CSIC, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain,
3
Institute of General Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain, [email protected]
1
2
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Gallocanta Lake, one of the salt lakes best-preserved in Western Europe, has a maximum
depth in wet periods of ca. 2.5 m. The effect of seasonal fluctuations in water level in the
biogeochemical dynamics of sedimentary organic compounds was studied by sampling its
southern margin. A transect defining a gradient in terms of their proximity to the water (and
soil salinity) was selected to monitor physical and chemical variables, greenhouse gas emissions and the molecular composition of extractable lipids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Loam and sandy loam textured soils showed a high calcium carbonate content
(mean 38%) and an electrical conductivity in 1:5 soil:water up to 8.5 dS m-1 in May 2013. Soil
greenhouse gas emissions totalized from 3257 to 19513 g C-CO2 ha-1·day-1, up to 24 g C-CH4
ha-1·day-1, and up to 7 g N-N2O ha-1·day-1, and depended mainly of the land use and the distance to the lake floor. Up to 80 compounds, mainly alkanes (linear and branched), alcohols,
terpenoids and steroids were quantitatively determined. A large concentration of elemental
sulfur as S8 was detected in the sample at the lake floor, although S-containing organic molecules such as hexathiepane were also observed. The alkane series showed clear bimodal
distributions with valley at ca. C25, i.e., a range of high molecular weight (>C25, odd-C numbered alkanes) which was assumed to derive from terrestrial sources, and a range of low
molecular weight (<C25, even-C numbered alkanes) more typical of aquatic and/or microbial
organisms. The concentration of diterpene resin acids mainly dehydroabietic acid represent
a useful quantitative proxy for the terrestrial origin of organic matter. Conversely, steroids
and sulfur compounds were selectively preserved in a gradient towards the submerged sediments of the lake floor, although an enhanced biogeochemical complexity in sites subjected
to seasonal water saturation was suggested by their biochemodiversity indices.
Optimization of aquatic macroinvertebrate sampling
methodology in rice fields of Albufera Natural Park
(Valencia, Spain)
saccò, mattia1; Juán rueda sevilla2; Ángela m. Jaramillo Londoño3; m. del mar Villar de
Pablo2; Vicent Benedito durà2
1 Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera s/n, 46022
Valencia, Spain. [email protected]
2 Laboratorio de Ecología. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente. Universitat Politècnica de
València, Cno. de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]
3 Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A. Calle 222 55-37
Bogotá (Colombia) [email protected]
The Albufera Natural Park (PNA) is one of the most important wetlands in the Western
Mediterranean. It consists in a coastal shallow lake surrounded by a wide extension of rice
fields (21000 ha total area) separated from the sea by a sand levee (30 km), with dunar systems. This protected area is included in the list of wetlands of international interest of the
RAMSAR convention and in the Red Natura 2000, as a site of Community Importance, and
Special Protection Area for birds. It presents an important bird community with 250 species,
most of them with a diet based, to great extent, on benthic aquatic macroinvertebrates. In
aquatic environments relationships between the macroinvertebrate communities and water
quality has been widely demonstrated. The use of these organisms is an essential tool in
ecological studies in aquatic systems, but a great effort is needed, because of the sample
processing and the species determination. For this, it is essential to find a balance between
sampling effort and the significance of the results. In this communication we revise a sam-
179
pling methodology to evaluate accurately the macro invertebrate benthonic community by
means of the optimization of the sampling effort, to be applied in monitoring of water quality
or other ecological studies. This procedure focuses on determining the minimum number
of samples giving significant results in studies of aquatic macroinvertebrates carried out in
rice fields; environments where most of the birds in the Albufera Natural Park obtain their
food supplies.
Crustacean community structure, diversity indices and
conservation value in Mediterranean ponds
sahuquillo, maría; maría rosa miracle
University of Valencia
We analysed patterns in community structure, species richness and “faunistic quality” of
crustaceans in Mediterranean ponds of differing types. Crustacean species abundances from
a large set of 150 ponds in a Mediterranean area were used to delineate different pond
types. Historic and climatic factors played a major role separating five pond types, including
three temporal pond types and two permanent ones. Differences in species richness were
first compared between two pond typologies (permanent and temporary ponds) and subsequently among the five types following a gradient of environmental harshness. We did
not find any difference in local species richness between temporary and permanent ponds,
however when the five types were considered, we observed that local species richness
tended to increase with increasing habitat stability or decreasing harshness, both in temporary and in permanent ponds. To evaluate conservation value of the ponds, we applied a
new index (CVI) for crustaceans, in a similar way to those commonly used for other taxonomic groups. This index revealed the importance and singularity of temporary pond fauna,
indicating that species richness must not be the only criterion used in the assessment of conservation value because this metric pools all species together. CVI highlights localities with
specialized species or species with biogeographic interest from those with opportunistic or
cosmopolitan species.
Microcrustacean metacommunity drivers in two Mediterranean
temporary pond systems with contrasting connectivity
sala, Jordi1; dani Boix1; Jordi Compte1,2; simonetta Bagella2; maria Carmela Caria2; Xavier
d. Quintana1; stéphanie Gascón 1.
Girona. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
2 Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari. Via Piandanna 4. 07100. Sassari.
Italy. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Connectivity is an important attribute for the dispersal and the colonisation of organisms in
the ecosystems, and plays a key role in the processes that structure the metacommunities.
In the Mediterranean area, the fragmentation and loss of temporary wetlands pose a threat
to the conservation of the biodiversity in these systems (which are considered as priority
habitats following the European Directive). In the island of Sardinia (Italy), two different sets
of temporary ponds with different connectivity were selected for the study of the micro-
180
crustacean (Cladocera, Copepoda and Ostracoda) assemblages. Within these two sets, we
analized the effect of several environmental and biotic factors (pond characteristics, trophic
status, predation pressure) that may control microcrustacean assemblage structure descriptors (species richness, beta diversity, size diversity, biomass) affecting the metacommunity
dynamics. Higher values of species richness and microcrustacean biomass, and lower values
of beta diversity were found in the high-connectivity pond system, whereas the descriptors
of size structure were more related to trophic status.
Pools, plants and people: challenges for wetland conservation
in Malta
sammut, sheriyl; Kelly Briffa; Jilly Camilleri; sandro Lanfranco
Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta. [email protected];
[email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]
The Maltese Islands are characterised by the smallest land area (316km2) and the highest
population density in the European Union (1261 km-1). These factors, coupled with intensive
habitat loss and a strongly biseasonal climate with a long summer drought, interact to present considerable challenges for wetland conservation in Malta. In general, although habitats
consistent with European Commission habitat-type 3170 *Mediterranean Temporary Ponds
are protected by legislation, the remaining pool landscapes are highly fragmented and subject to frequent disturbance or to deliberate destruction. The diversity of macrophytes in
these habitats is dependent on the morphometric properties of the basin, on the volume of
the effective seed bank and on proximity to other sources of colonisers. As such, any conservation or restoration strategies should take all these factors into account. Conservation
strategies that are being undertaken or envisaged include conservation and management
of remaining pool landscapes, educational initiatives and ad hoc restoration strategies. The
increasing volume of specific research about temporary pools in the Maltese Islands suggests
that restoration strategies can be based in information concerning the influence of morphometric heterogeneity of basins, of hydroperiod characteristics and of habitat-connectivity
in determining macrophyte richness and life-form richness.
Project LIFE Nitrates. “Repercussions of agricultural practices
on the nitrate pollution of inland waters”
sanz Azcarate, Luis; maria Vela moriones; José Chérrez Bermejo
Gestión Ambiental de Navarra, S.A., http://www.life-nitratos.eu/
The Nitrates Life Project in Navarra focuses on analysing the major sources of nitrates leaching responsible for diffuse pollution of inland water: irrigated agriculture areas in which an
excess of fertilisers produces losses favoured by irrigation water and farming areas with intensive livestock in which crop plots and prairies are fertilised by manure and slurry.
Methods: A) Analysis of agricultural practices in a pilot area with impermeable soil where irrigation farming takes place. Field trials were developed along with actual cropping plots
managed by local farmers in the pilot basin (Landazuria basin). Basin exit flow and nitrate
concentration were measured in a continuous basis. Identifying cause-effect relationships
and developing a computer tool for nitrogen balances. B) Analysis of livestock farming prac-
181
tices in a pilot area with impermeable soil. Field trials were developed along with actual
cropping plots managed by local farmers in the pilot basin (Oskotz-Muskitz basin). Basin exit
flow and nitrate concentration were measured in a continuous basis. Identifying cause-effect
relationships and developing a computer tool for nitrogen balances. C) Evaluation of the action programmes in the alluvial of the River Ebro and its main tributaries. To evaluate the
effectiveness of Action Programmes and Good Agricultural Practices applied in the River
Ebro alluvial and create a simulation model for the flow and transportation of nitrates for
the Ebro alluvial and its main tributaries. The first task was the agronomic and hydrological
characterization of entire area that it was carried out with existing data and surveys of farmers in the area. At the same time, priority areas were selected for modelling, and a number
of wells were drilled and built as new control well points. The data collected will be used to
validate and calibrate the pollution simulation model which is a combination of two different
software: MODFLOW for groundwater flow and SWAP for the Unsaturated Zone. Finally, different scenarios will be simulated when the model is running so it will be possible to see the
evolution of the concentration of nitrates from agricultural sources in groundwater. D) Public
awareness raising and dissemination of the results: Disseminate results/outputs obtained
to stakeholders at regional, national and international levels in order to extrapolate the results obtained in other fields with similar characteristics.
Results: The progress of this project show the importance of to take into account the existing
soil nitrogen (mineralised nitrogen) in the nitrogen balance and the need to improve our
current knowledge about N dynamics at a plot scale i.e N mineralisation is greatly affected
by soil conditions (temperature and humidity) and farming practices (fallows, cultivation rotation, direct drilling). Thereby farmers can check that fertiliser doses can be reduced significantly without reducing profits by using proper techniques.
These guidelines will be incorporated into a reviewed Good Agricultural Practices Program.
It is expected that a more efficient use of fertilizers in agriculture will imply a reduction of
nitrogen in continental water in compliance of the EU Nitrates Directive and its Action Programs for Vulnerable Areas.
Approach to behavior geohydrologic Wetland Lagoons Puebla
de Beleña by Landsat 8
sastre, Antonio; maría Cabañero; José Antonio domínguez; silvia martínez-Pérez
Universidad de Alcalá. Dpto. de Geología, Geografía y Medio Ambiente (U.D. Geología), [email protected];
1
The Lagunas de Puebla de Beleña wetland (Guadalajara, España), are formed by two water
bodies (Laguna Chica and Laguna Grande). They were declared Natural Reserve in 2001; they
are in the Ramsar list from 2002 and in Natura 2000 Network. The geohydrological behaviour
of the Lagunas of Puebla de Beleña wetland has been studied by means Landsat 8 satellite
images. It has obtained the surface of the lagoons at different times of the year, relating it
later with the water level in nearby wells and with precipitations regime in the area. It has
been observed a relationship between the flooded surface during the filling of the lagoons
and the water level in wells that disappears once the lagoons reach maximum capacity. On
the other hand, the appearance of the water at the lagoon bowl is related to the distribution
and intensity of rainfall, playing the groundwater regime a significant role in the lagoon dynamics.
182
Ichthyofauna of two wetlands in Brazilian semiarid region
serna, marconi; ingrid Cerqueira; Leonardo moraes; edjane santos; Alexandre Clistenes
Laboratório de Ictiologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. E-mail:
[email protected]
The Chapada Diamantina is an ecoregion of the “caatinga” biome, which is located at Brazilian
semiarid region. This ecoregion is composed by a habitats mosaic that features physiognomic
variations, with very short distances between them, among which stand out from regions of
periodically flooded plains, of alluvial soils locally called “Marimbus”. Trying to understand
how fish populations are distributed in time and space, and how these relate to with the environment, this study was directed for taxonomic and ecological characterization of the fish
fauna of these areas. Fishes were sampled bimonthly between February 2012 and February
2013 at four sampling sites (two at the Remanso’s marimbus and two at Baiano’s marimbus
in Bahia State), using gillnets, traps and small trawl. A total of 3.126 individuals of 33 species
belonging to 13 families and 05 orders were collected. Characidae family with 12 species, Cichlid with 05 and Erythrinidae with 03, were the most representative. For Baiano’s marimbus,
Hyphessobrycon negodagua, and Hemigrammus marginatus represented 42.31 % of the individuals, while Trachelyopterus galeatus and Hoplias malabaricus corresponded to 50.78 %
of the total biomass. For Remanso’s Marimbus, Hyphessobrycon negodagua and Serrapinnus
heterodon represented 51.67 % of the individuals, while Hoplias malabaricus and Callichthys
callichthys corresponded to 30.83% of the total biomass. Temporal differences were not registered in the annual cycle analysed and the spatial differences were determined mainly by
small Characiformes that varied in abundance between the two Marimbus.
Effects of perennial crops cultivation on weed communities
in a Mediterranean peatland
silvestri, nicola1; Vittoria Giannini2; Chiara Pistocchi2,3; Gionata Bocci2; Tiziana sabbatini2;
enrico Bonari2
1 Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment – University of Pisa, PISA (IT), [email protected]
2 Institute of Life Sciences - Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento, Via Santa Cecilia 3- 5612, PISA(IT), [email protected]
3 Group of Plant Nutrition - ETH Zurich, Lindau (CH), [email protected]
Paludiculture has been identified as one of the possible ways to restore ecological functions
of drained peatlands. The replacement of arable crops with perennial crops, the higher level
of water table and the lower use of inputs can also determine a remarkable change on spontaneous vascular plant communities. A research was carried out in a drained peatland located
in the coastal plain of Central Italy. The investigated crops were: a cool-season turfgrasses mix
(Festuca arundinacea, Poa prantensis, Lolium perenne), Arundo donax, Miscanthus x giganteus,
Phragmites australis, Salix alba and Populus ‘Oudenberg’, in addition to nearby uncultivated
and cultivated areas as controls. The weed monitoring was carried out in June and August
2013, during the second year of crops growth. We collected the following data: the percentage
of cover for each species (Braun-Blanquet method) and the above ground biomass per unit
area (dry weight). The results showed an inverse relationship between the development (cover
level and biomass) and the biodiversity (number of identified species) of weeds. The most unbalanced weed communities (few species and many individuals) were observed on Populus
and on the uncultivated area. In the cultivated control instead the more intensive use of inputs
resulted in a more specialized (low number of species) and less competitive (less growth) flora.
183
Conservation and Management of Freshwater Wetlands
in Slovenia - WETMAN
simčič, matej1; Aleksander Koren1; nika debeljak Šabec1
1
The Institute of the Republic of Slovenia for Nature conservation, Tobačna ulica 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia,
[email protected]
The poster will include general information on the LIFE+ nature project WETMAN (project
area information, project background, aim of the research/project), methods used during
the implementation of the project, and the results and discussion. It will give an overview of
the whole project, combined with photographs and other graphic elements.
Dominant species of Chironomidae Fauna Larva (Insecta:
Diptera) from Prespa Lake, Republic of Macedonia
smiljkov, stoe1; Verica Bakeva2; Ljupcho nastoski3
1
University “Sts Cyril and Methodius”, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, Skopje,
Republic of Macedonia.
2
University “Sts Cyril and Methodius”, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
3
University “Sts Cyril and Methodius”, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Mathematics,
Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
In this paper, we consider different species of Chironomidae fauna larva of Prespa Lake during
2013. In our investigations, we found 36 taxons: group Chironomini (14 taxa), group Orthocladinae (10 taxa), group Tanytarsini (6 taxa) and group Procladini (6 taxa). The species Polipedilum scalaenum and Cricotopus sylvestris are the most abudance during whole period.
Taxa Chironomus plumosus and Procladius choreus are the most abudance in literal region
of the lake.
Improving the conservation status for the priority species and
habitats in the Iron Gates wetlands
sorescu, Carmen1; Tania Chincea1; Cristiana maria Ciocanea2; steluta manolache2; Corina
mihoc1; Alin Catalina1; mirela ianosi1
Environmental Protection Agency Caras-Severin, 73 Petru Maior, Resita, Romania, [email protected]
University of Bucharest, Center for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, 1 Nicolae Balcescu, 010041,
Bucharest, [email protected]
1
2
Located in the south-western of Romania, ROSPA0026 Danube water course Bazias-Iron
Gates overlaps a large area of priority habitats where core pygmy cormorant and ferruginous
duck population lives alongside other protected species form Habitats Directive, 3 amphibians (Bombina bombina, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo), 1 species belonging to the Reptilia
(Emys orbicularis) and 4 species from Pisces (Gymnocephalus schraetzer, Gymnocephalus
baloni, Zingel streber, Zingel zingel). ROSPA0026 Danube water course Bazias–Iron Gates is
classified as the third important bird area from Romania. The area represents an important
stop point during the spring–autumn passage seasons for the wild birds, as it is on the flyway
for the western part of the country Tisa-Mures-Danube. The area is endangered with severe
184
biodiversity threats, such as: wetlands eutrophication, aquatic invasive species, birds nesting
and resting habitats degradation and wetlands pollution. Our aim through LIFE Nature Programme is to provide a long term favourable conservation status for priority bird species (especially Phalacrocorax pygmeus and Aythya nyroca) by restoring wintering, nestling and
feeding habitats; removing aquatic and riverside invasive species through demonstrative actions; enforcing an early warning system for invasive alien species and increasing public
awareness on the importance of biodiversity in the Iron Gates wetlands.
An eco-audit to Andalusian wetlands (Southern Spain) from
ecosystem services approach
suárez Alonso, maría Luisa1; maría rosario Vidal-Abarca Gutiérrez1; maría del rosario García mora2
1
Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología. Universidad de Murcia. Campus de Espinardo. 30100. Murcia (Spain).
2
Consejeria de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio. Junta de Andalucía. [email protected]
Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits that people derive from ecosystems
and their biodiversity, and which contribute to human well-being. The framework adopted
by EMA (www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/ema) categorises ecosystem services
into three different classes: provisioning (from biotic and geotic ecosystem structure, e.g.,
food, water, renewable energy, etc), regulating (from ecosystem functioning, e.g., healthy
climate, erosion control, soil fertility and cultural services (intangible contributions that the
people get through their experience with ecosystems and biodiversity as a sense of belonging, local ecological knowledge, ecotourism, etc.). We have used a total of 84 indicators to
assess the ecosystem services provided by Andalusian lakes and wetlands (25 to assess the
provisioning services, 55 for the regulating services and 33 for the cultural services). In summary, 80% (16 of 20) of the ecosystem services evaluated are being degraded or used unsustainably and one missed (renewable energy). The most affected are the regulatory
services and cultural related to rural population as local ecological knowledge and cultural
identity and sense of belonging. In contrast, some supply technically advanced services (such
as poplar plantations, aquaculture, etc.) and cultural services demanded by urban society
(ecotourism, environmental education), are increasing.
Phytophilous macroinvertebrates in Danube backwaters with
different hydrological connectivity
Tarjányi, nikolett1, Árpád Berczik1
Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-2163,
Vácrátót/Hungary, [email protected], [email protected]
1
Wetlands are characterised by high species and habitat diversity therefore play an important
role in biodiversity conservation. The spatio-temporally diverse and hydro-ecologically variable conditions of riverine floodplains determine the living conditions and hereby the dynamic changes of the organism assemblages. The phytophilous macrionvertebrates were
185
investigated in two different oxbow-lakes of Béda-Karapancsa (Duna-Dráva National Park,
Hungary): in the Mocskos-Danube side arm (3.5 km length, 60 m wide), situated in the active
floodplain and has a surface lateral connection with the main channel above the medium
water level of the Danube (550 cm at the gauge Mohács, rkm 1447) and in the Riha oxbow
(4.5 km length, 80m wide) situated on the protected side and has no connection with the
main channel. Along these two oxbows there are two very dense macrophyte stands (Trapa
natans and Ceratophyllum demersum respectively). The samplings were carried out monthly
between May and October 2012. The investigations were focused on the differences in the
phytophilous macroinvertebrate assemblages living in different bed of macrophyte species.
Certain phytophilous macroinvertebrate assemblages preferred different macrophyte densities. At the same time there were differences in the individual number of macroinvertebrates between the centre and edge of macrophyte patches.
Ecosystem services of the beaver (Castor spp.)
Thompson, stella1; mia Vehkaoja1
1
Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
Beavers (Castor spp.) are ecosystem engineers, raising floodwaters into surrounding forests,
killing trees, and releasing organic material into riverine systems and lakes. These changes
increase both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem heterogeneity by creating new niches (e.g.
open meadows, wetlands, shore forests, water pools) and food sources, thus increasing
species diversity. Beavers also provide ecosystem services to humans by offering free and
necessary benefits, e.g. economic gain. Ecosystem services can be classified into four categories: productional, regulatory, cultural, and maintenance. This categorization helps evaluate
both the economic and ecological value of ecosystems. They mitigate flood peaks by retaining
rainwater and drought conditions by slowly releasing water and raising groundwater levels.
The economic gain provided by beaver-created wetlands for flood mitigation is extensive,
and will probably increase in the future due to climate change. Beavers generate habitats
suitable for recreation and relaxation, providing e.g. hunting, fishing, hiking, and canoeing
possibilities. They create wetlands that act as buffer zones by filtering impurities (e.g. heavy
metals), thus increasing water quality. Wetlands are also important hot spots for species diversity, which provides a nature conservation ecosystem service.
Influence of ponds and wetlands on water quality in dump area
Tichackova, Jirina
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kam_cká 129, 165 21 Praha 6Suchdol, [email protected]
Anthropogenic activities associated with mining of brown coal adversely affect the natural
ecosystems on our planet. Efforts to recover these damaged ecosystems to their original
form must be in accordance with the principles of their natural functioning. The research
area is located west of the Sokolov brown coal region near Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. Surface mining includes the complete removal of vegetation cover and the surface mines significantly change the water cycle on the landscape (transfer a large number of streams,
186
drainage of large areas and last but not least, a significant decline in groundwater level.The
research objective is to find solutions that would allow to improve the quality of waters in
areas affected by mining especially the removal of iron and manganese compounds, at low
economic cost. In the dump was selected sampling points on the longitudinal profile of the
stream. Collected samples of dumpwater were examined. It was demonstrated in all cases
a downward trend of iron and manganese concentrations. Based on this monitoring performed in the years 2011-2014, the effect of lakes, ponds and constructed wetland systems
appears to be the ideal solution for amelioreting impacts of mine areas on water quality of
streams.
Quantification and valuation of ecosystem services to optimize
sustainable re-use for low-productive drained peatlands
Tolvanen, Anne1,2; Parviainen, miia 1
1
2
Finnish Forest Research Institute, Oulu, P.O. Box 413, FI 90014 Oulu, FINLAND, [email protected]
Thule Institute, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 413, FI 90014 Oulu, FINLAND
Almost one-third of European peatland resource is situated in Finland, where more than half
of the original peatlands have been drained to increase tree growth. However, 20% of the
drained peatland area does not produce enough timber to fulfill commercial purposes. At the
same time, their biodiversity is degraded, they may continue environmental loading to watercourses, and act as greenhouse gas (GHG) sources. A key question concerning the use of
peatlands is what to do with these low-productive drained peatlands that have been left aside
from active forestry. Low-productive peatlands can be re-used in many different ways. The
problem is that the impacts of different re-use options on biodiversity, environment and economy are not yet fully understood and thus it is hard to give proposals for re-use actions. The
challenge is to develop mechanisms that can balance the conflicting demands on the use of
peatlands and to ensure their sustainable use. Our 5-year EU funded LIFE+ project LIFEPeatLandUse (2013–2018) consolidates and increases the knowledge on the impacts of peatland
re-use on ecosystem services. Under investigation, there are seven different peatland re-use
options, representing the economic activity as well as measures related to the protection.
The purpose is to evaluate and predict their potential impacts on the peatland landscapes, if
they were applied in practice. The aim is to find cost-efficient re-use options to low-productive
drained peatlands, which help to prevent or stop decline of biodiversity and environmental
loading to watercourses, and improve capacity of peatlands to store greenhouse gases.
Structure and composition of the macrofauna in Mediterranean temporary ponds: analysing the influence of pond size
and water quality
Tornero, irene1; stéphanie Gascón1; Jordi sala1; núria Àvila1; Xavier d. Quintana1; dani
Boix1
1Institute of Aquatic Ecology. University of Girona. Faculty of Sciences. Av. Mª Aurèlia Capmany, 69. 17071.
Girona. Spain. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];
The biogeographical principle that a larger area has more species has often been more as-
187
sumed than tested. We hypothesized that in high connected pond systems this principle is
not ratified. In this work, pond size effect on macrofauna structure and composition was
studied. We considered different parameters of the ecological (richness, Shannon-Wiener
diversity, Index of Faunal Originality), taxonomic (taxonomic distinctness, average taxonomic
distinctness, variation in taxonomic distinctness) and size (size diversity, mean size diversity,
size spectra slope) structure of the community from twelve Mediterranean temporary ponds
located in Vila Nova de Milfontes (SW Portugal). Moreover, water trophic state (WTS) effect
was also analysed on the mentioned parameters (WTS was evaluated by means of TRIX
index). Neither pond size nor WTS were found to be significant factors to explain the variability in the composition and the structure of the macrofauna. Among all the parameters
analysed, Shannon-Wiener diversity was the only one that showed differences, being higher
in small than in large ponds. We concluded that there may be some other factors (such as
spatial connectivity between ponds) determining community structure.
The influence of salinity, temperature and light on germination
of hydro-halophyte Halocnemum yurdakulolii Yaprak
Tug, Gul nilhan1; isa Baskose1; Ahmet emre yaprak1
1
Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06100, Tandogan Ankara, TURKEY; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Halocnemum yurdakulolii Yaprak is a hydro-halophytic species from eastern Mediterranean
coast of Turkey. It was aimed to find out the influence of light, temperature and changing
salinity on germination of its seeds. Seeds were collected from Mersin – Silifke Goksun Delta
on 29/12/2013. For determination of the influence of temperature on germination ratio and
rate, tree different temperature regimes with 12/12 h photoperiod were applied and 25 °C
day and 17 °C night temperatures are found as optimum. The results of photoperiodism and
the complete darkness are similar and it can be said that light did not effective on germination ratio. As in other halophytes increase in salinity resulted in decrease is germination ratio
and rate of the seeds of H. yurdakulolii.
Wetland plants as potential bioengineer for phytoremediation
of boron contaminated wastewater
Türker, onur Can1; Harun Böcük2; Anıl yakar2; Cengiz Türe2
Aksaray University,Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, Aksaray, Turkey, 68100 and [email protected]
2
Anadolu University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Eski_ehir, Turkey, 26375 and
1
Boron (B) contamination in the environment still increases because of various natural sources
and anthropogenic activities. This situation has generated increasing interest in the use of
several alternative methods in order to remove B from contaminated water. Several researches have reported that some wetland plants accumulate B in their tissues. This study
investigates some potential bioengineer wetland plants for boron removal from wastewater.
Studies carried out with machrophytes showed that Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis,
188
Sagittaria latifolia, Iris pseudacorus, Scirpus validus, Thalia dealbata, Polypogon monspeliensis and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani were the most frequently reported potential wetlands species for phytoremediation of B contaminated wastewater. Some floating aquatic
plants such as Lemna gibba, Lemna minor and Lemna trisulca have been recognized as
species with high potential for B accumulation and they accumulate B directly into their biomass. On the other hand, some other aquatic plants such as Potamogeton spp., Iris spp. and
Scirpus spp. were demonstrated as species with high potential for storing B in their biomass.
Therefore, this study mainly focuses on available data regarding potential wetland plants
for B removal from wastewater.
Role of plants in the greenhouse gas budget of a sedge fen
Vítková, Jitka1; Jiří dušek2; Hana Čížková
1
Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Studenská 13, České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
2
Global Change Research Centre AS CR, v. v. i., Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
3
Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Studenská 13, České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
[email protected]
Wetlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle. These ecosystems release
methane and fix or release CO2 depending on particular site conditions, especially temperature, soil moisture, and performance of the vegetation cover. The object of this study was
to determine the effect of plants on the gas emissions from the model wetland “The Wet
Meadows” near Třeboň (Czech Republic) in 2013. We compared CO2 and CH4 fluxes from
vegetated and unvegetated plots (measured in manual emission chambers). Simultaneously,
we measured seasonal course of aboveground biomass and production of these plots. The
results confirm the close relationship of CO2 emissions with plant biomass. CO2 emissions
were significantly higher from the plots with vegetation than from the plots without vegetation. The emissions of CO2 depended more on total biomass of plants than only on Carex
acuta. The relation of CH4 emissions to the plant measures is more complicated and apparently includes the rooting depth and extent of root flooding.
Spatial distribution pattern of zoobenthos in the upper Huaihe
River Basin
Wan, yun1; sheng sheng1,2,3 ; Jing Hu1; shuqing An1
1School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, P. R. China
2 Nanjing University Ecology Research Institute of Changshu (NJUecoRICH), Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, P. R. China
3 Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
The spatial pattern of a community are of crucial importance for understanding ecosystem
functioning. We attempted to identify spatial patterns of zoobenthos assemblages in the
upper Huaihe River Basin, which located in the Eastern part of China. Samples were collected
at 15 sites along the main stream Huaihe and its tributaries in August 2010. Four sites were
located along the main stream, five sites were located in the Northern tributary and eight in
the Southern tributary. Three replicate samples were taken at each site. We calculated the
189
species richness, density, biomass, relative abundances of dominant species to describe the
zoobenthos community structure. Among-sites separation was evaluated by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Analysis of species composition (56 taxa), density (up to 38825
ind m–2 with juveniles) and biomass (up to 302.9228 g m–2 wet wt) indicates high spatial difference in the upper huaihe river basin. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Polypedilum scalaenum
Schrank, Limnodrilus claparedeianus, Einfeldia sp, Branchiura sowerbyi, Diptera sp. and Chironomus plumosus were numerically dominated the community in the upper Huaihe river
basin.non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) identified three groups of stations that
had significantly different macrozoobenthic communities.
Forecasting heavy metal hazards in sediments on the basis
of Wilanowski pond in Warsaw
Witeska, Anna
Warsaw University of Technology, Environmental Engineering Faculty Department of Informatics and Environmental Quality Research, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
Heavy metals are one of the main hazards in surface water environments. They can be transferred into water from the atmosphere as a result of rainfall, snowfall etc. These elements
are often washed out from bedrocks or soils, but most often, exceeding the acceptable level
of concentration is connected with emissions from industrial areas. Heavy metal cations
present in surface waters may appear in several forms including: ionic form (most toxic to
living organisms), ligand connected ions (complex compounds), precipitated particles from
chemical compounds, suspended in liquid phase and adsorbed on suspended matter and
colloids. In Poland, studies most often concern the average concentration of heavy metals
in the body of water or sediments. Very often, heavy metal labeling is made only for filtrate
samples. There is no research concerning the migration of metals in dissolved and adsorbed
forms between the supernatant and the sediment. The aim of the study is to determine the
conditions in which heavy metals migrate between the supernatant and the sediment as it
is essential for assessing the hazard due to presence of heavy metals in water. A simultaneous methodological study will concern ways of forecasting the mechanisms of releasing metals from sediments and negative effects of this phenomenon in relation to biochemical
processes in water. Water and sediments of the Wilanowski pond were chosen for the study
as it is a part of the old left-side riverbed of Vistula river. The study will determine essential
dependence between the presence of heavy metals in water (dissolved and suspended
forms) and sediments (from sequential extraction for the speciation analysis). Complex assessment of heavy metal migration, including their transformation and defining the physical-chemical parameters of water and sediments on migration will serve as a base for rational
development of threat analysis method. Developing such methods will allow for control of
the natural processes including toxicity reduction of metals and understanding of basic
processes governing the heavy metal cycle in the environment. The results of the study will
result in describing the geochemical cycle, pointing out the selective water and sediment
quality indexes which determine heavy metal bonding. This enables assessment of heavy
metal toxicity in relation to surface water ecosystems. Results from this study will serve as
basis for the water ecosystem protection strategy.
190
Floristic diversity and habitat classification of Goksu Delta
(Turkey)
yaprak, Ahmet emre
Ankara University Faculty of Science Department of Biology 06100 Tandogan Ankara TURKEY.
[email protected]
Goksu Delta is a specialy protected area which is located in Mersin, Silifke, Turkey. The area
is in the coast of Mediterranean Sea where Goksu River flows in. There are mainly river, lake,
sand dunes, estuary, lagoons and salt marshes habitats in the area. The area is totally 228, 4
Km2. Firstly the floristic diversity of the area is investigated from the current literature than
the plants checked in the area by field studies which conducted between 2012 and 2013.
Distributions of endemic and threatened species are determined and mapped. For the habitat diversity current literature about phytosociology of the area is investigated and Eunis
habitat classification of the area is performed by field studies between 2012 and 2013. Distributions of the habitat types are determined and mapped. 577 plant taxa are found in the
area in which 13 of them are endemic to Turkey and 28 of them have threat status. 27 different habitat types are found in the area and 20 of them have protection status.
191
Author’s index
Abbott, Geoff, 68, 118
Abril, Meritxell, 167
Adame Vivanco, Ma. Fernanda, 73
Ágoston-Szabó, Edit, 37, 59
Aguiar, Janaína Aparecida, 131
Aguilar, Lorena, 93
Aguilera, Héctor, 168
Aguirre-Ruiz, Ernesto, 58
Albernaz, Ruth, 57
Albonette de Nóbrega, Paula Fernanda, 131
Albrecht, Harald, 131
Alcázar, Rita, 102
Almendros, Gonzalo, 178
Alonso-Azcárate, J., 45, 112
Alòs, Gerard, 144
Altenfelder, Sara, 131
Álvarez, Miguel, 81
Álvaro-Fuentes, Jorge, 178
Alves, Armando, 99
Amiche, C., 112, 132
An, Shuqing, 189
Anderson, Neil O., 134
Andreo-Navarro, Bartolomé, 94, 169
Angelstam, Per, 87
Ansaloni, Ivano, 110
Antigüedad, Iñaki, 38, 52, 54, 56, 112
Aragonés, David, 59
Araújo Soares Lopes, Célia Regina, 57
Araújo, Daniel, 46
Arheimer, 40
Arias, Carlos Alberto, 93, 116
Arim, Matías, 66, 105
Armengol, Xavier, 39, 98, 132, 172
Arnold, Jeff G., 117
Arrechea, E., 153
Astel, Aleksander, 170
Attard, E., 112, 128
Áurea, R. A. Ignácio, 84
Àvila, Núria, 66, 133, 144, 187
Ávila De Navia, Sara Lilia, 62, 148
Axmacher, J., 70
Azevedo, Fábia, 118
192
Baattrup-Pedersen, Annette, 78
Bacon, P., 53
Badosa, Anna, 105
Bagella, Simonetta, 40, 51, 133, 144, 180
Baisez, Aurore, 140
Bakeva, Verica, 184
Ballesteros, Bruno José, 71
Bankovics, András, 41
Barcos, Alberto, 89, 166
Barret, M., 112
Bart, David, 41, 42, 134
Barta, Jiří, 61
Bartoli, Marco, 46, 83, 102, 136
Baskose, Isa, 188
Bastlová, D., 134
Batista, Eugênia, 135
Bazzoffi, Paolo, 47
Bechtel, Achim, 84
Behn, Kai, 81
Bella, Valentina Della,177
Belo, Anabela, 42, 102
Benito, Xavier, 43
Bennion, H., 70
Bensaci, Ettayib, 43, 136
Berastegi, Asun, 101
Berczik, Árpád, 59, 185
Berger, Daniela, 44
Berit, 40
Bernard-Jannin, Léonard, 38, 44, 45, 49,
112, 117, 132
Besse, Timothée, 140
Bijata, Paweł, 143
Bino, G., 53
Bixquert, Javier, 157
Blanco, Carlos G., 84, 163
Blanco, José María, 105
Blasco, Elena, 50
Boaventura, Geraldo, 46
Bocci, Gionata, 183
Böcük, Harun, 188
Böde, Nóra A., 122
Bodoque, José-María, 38, 45, 49, 54, 56
Boix, Dani, 66, 92, 105, 133, 144, 147,
180, 187
Bolpagni, Rossano, 46, 136
Bomfim, Eudes, 46
Bonari, Enrico, 68, 183
Bonnet, Marie-Paule, 46
Borin, Maurizio, 99, 172
Borrego, Ángeles G., 84, 122, 148, 163
Borthagaray, Ana Inés, 66
Botté, Sandra E., 95
Boualem, Mayache, 136
Boudreau, Stephanie, 69
Bouldjedri, Mohamed, 136
Bouzegag, Abdelaziz, 43
Bowszys, Magdalena, 155
Boz, Bruno, 47
Bravo, Tania, 47, 137
Brendonck, Luc, 124, 126, 176
Bresciani, Mariano, 102
Březinová, Tereza, 125
Briffa, Kelly, 48, 181
Brito, David, 44, 49, 56, 112
Brix, Hans, 116
Brucet, Sandra, 105
Btissam, Amami, 176
Buchraya, Salem, 137
Burandt, Paweł, 155, 171
Bürger-Arndt, R. , 159
Burnside, Niall, 126
Bustamante, Javier, 59
Cabañero, María, 182
Cabezas, Álvaro, 128
Cacho, Gema, 89, 166
Calero, Sara, 138
Callicó Fortunato, Roberta, 138
Calvo-Cubero, Juan, 50
Calvo, Alfonso, 89, 139, 166
Camacho, Antonio, 39, 50
Camilleri, Jilly, 181
Campo-Bescós, Miguel A., 51, 139
Canal, Julie, 140, 151
Carbon, Anne, 146
Cardoso de Lima, Aldeniza, 57
Caria, María Carmela, 40, 51, 133, 144, 180
Carmona, María José, 64, 66, 98, 150, 151
Carnevale, Silvia, 47
Carniello, Maria Antonia, 57
Caro, Patricia, 93
Carranza, Fabián, 38, 52, 56, 62, 112
Carrasco Cantos, Francisco, 94
Casalí Sarasibar, Javier, 139
Casamayor, Emilio O., 52, 121
Castañeda, Carmen, 52, 86, 140, 146,
164, 178
Castaño, Silvino, 141, 168
Castellano, C., 90
Castillo-Escrivà, Andreu, 39
Catalina, Alin, 184
Catelotti, Katharine, 53
Causapé, J., 158
Cerqueira, Ingrid, 183
Chamier, Jessica, 112
Chamsi, Ousama, 54, 112
Charcosset, J. Y. , 112, 132
Chaumont, C., 120
Chen, Yi, 54
Chérrez Bermejo, José, 181
Chincea, Tania, 55, 184
Čiampor, Fedor Jr., 55
Čiamporová-Zaťovičová, Zuzana, 55
Cillero, Carmen, 142
Cindrić, Ines, 143
Ciocanea, Cristiana Maria, 55, 184
Ciszewski, Dariusz, 143
Čížková, Hana, 56, 61, 134, 189
Clavero, Miguel, 65
Clistenes, Alexandre , 183
Cogoni, Annalena, 133
Colelli, Stefano, 50
Colom, William, 88, 138, 177
Comín, Francisco A, 38, 49, 54, 56, 58, 62,
63, 89, 90,92, 112, 119, 137, 158, 166
Compte, Jordi, 105, 144, 180
Conesa, J. A., 115
Cooke, Dave, 68
Cooke, David, 118
Côrtes Figueira, José Eugênio,131
Cozma, Nastasia J.,122
Cruz, Ana, 118
Cunillera, David, 144
Čurn, Vladislav, 134
da Silva Nunes, Josué Ribeiro, 57
193
da Silva, Carolina Joana, 57, 84
Dalgaard, Tommy, 78
Darwiche-Criado, Nadia, 58, 89, 166
Datry, Thibault, 109
Davenport, Tara, 42
de Arruda, Joari Costa, 57
de Eyto, Elvira, 105
de Freitas Junior, Djair Sergio, 57
de la Hera Portillo, África, 145
de la Losa Román, Almudena 141, 168
de Miguel, Eduardo, 58
Deary, Michael, 68, 118
Del Arco, C., 115
del Río, Amanda, 58
Demierre, Eliane, 74, 97, 145
Díaz-Paniagua, Carmen, 59, 113, 146, 149,
150, 152
Díaz-Varela, Ramón A., 142
Díez, Silvia, 39
Díez, Sergi, 84
Dimitriou, E., 146
Dinka, Mária, 37, 59
Diz Salgado, Carmen, 74
Dolinar, Nataša, 60
Dolz Ripollés, Josep, 88
Domínguez, José Antonio, 182
Donovan, Kotze, 81
Dorado Valiño, Miriam, 163
Dražina, Tvrtko, 115
Drumond, Maria Auxiliadora, 131
Durà, Vicent Benedito, 138, 179
Durán Valsero, Juan José, 71, 145
Duran, Robert, 112, 128, 146
Dušek, Jiří, 56, 60, 189
Edwards, Keith R., 61, 134
Egemose, Sara, 78
Egozcue, Juan J., 105
El Madihi, Mohammed, 124, 176
Er-Riyahi, Saber, 176
Eric, Pinelli, 54, 112
Escoriza-Abril, Eduardo, 173
Escoriza, Daniel, 147
Español, Cecilia, 38, 52, 56, 62, 112
Espenberg, Mikk, 77
Esther, Amler, 81
Estupiñán Torres, Sandra Mónica, 62, 148
194
Evans, Christopher, 92
Façanha, Cristiane Lima, 57
Fandos, Deborah, 98, 172
Felipe-Lucía, María R., 63
Fenner, Nathalie, 92
Fernández Álvarez, Adrián, 148
Fernández Ayuso, Ana, 149
Fernández Zamudio, Rocío, 149, 152
Fernández-Rodríguez, M. J., 63
Fiebig, Jens, 163
Figueira, José, 135
Filigheddu, Rossella, 40
Filippino, Giorgia, 133
Florencio, Margarita, 113, 150
Flores de Oliveira, Robson, 57
Florín, Máximo, 39
Folegot, Silvia, 136
Fornés Azcoiti, Juan Mª, 145
Franch-Gras, Lluís, 64, 150
Fressl, Jelena, 115
Gabaldón, Carmen, 151
Gaberščik, Alenka, 60, 129
Gabriel y Galán, José María, 82
Gaedke, Ursula, 105
Gallardo, Belinda, 65
Gallego, Francisca, 89, 166
Gallegos, Ángel, 93
Gandar, Allison, 151
García Mora, María del Rosario, 185
García Murillo, Pablo, 149, 152
García-García, Victoria, 154
García-González, Ricardo, 153
García-Roger, Eduardo M., 64, 66, 150
García-Serrano, Alicia, 153
García, Mercedes, 58, 89,166
Gargallo, Sara, 97, 152, 157
Garneau, Cyril, 117
Garnier, Jérémie, 46
Gascón, Stéphanie, 66, 92, 105, 133, 144,
180, 187
Gasparini, Valentina, 172
Gelbrecht, Jörg, 128
Gerino, Magali, 56, 62, 112, 128
Germ, Mateja, 67
Germain, Christophe, 82
Gertz, Flemming, 78
Giannini, Vittoria, 68, 183
Gil de Solá, Luis, 105
Gil-Delgado, José A., 39
Gilbert, Franck, 151
Gilbert, Peter, 68, 118
Giménez-Anaya, Alberto, 153
Giménez, Mario, 88
Giménez, Rafael, 139
Giralda Carrera, Gloria, 69
Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna, 155, 171
Goffová, Katarína, 55
Gomes, Iris, 57
Gomes, Leonardo, 46
Gómez-Rodríguez, C., 113
Gómez, Marta, 144
Gómez, Rosa, 154
González Trilla, Gabriela, 95
González-Farias, Fernando A., 154
González, Eduardo, 69, 90, 92
Goodyer, Emma, 70, 155
Gosálvez, Rafael U., 39
Goździejewska, Anna, 155
Grabowska, Magdalena, 155
Grčić, Ivana, 143
Greaves, Helen, 70
Grillas, Patrick, 124, 126, 176
Grima, Juan, 71
Guerrero Moreno, Naret, 71
Guest, Janine, 92
Guillem, Antonio, 88
Guimarães, Jean R.D., 84
Guirado, Víctor, 89, 166
Gumiero, Bruna, 47
Gutiérrez, Silvia, 58, 89, 166
Haaning Nielsen, Asbjørn, 93, 116
Hamerlík, Ladislav, 72, 91, 96, 145, 166
Hansen, R., 120
Haq, Mohammed, 155
Harris, Lorna, 155
Hashim, Roslan, 94
Hassine, Jihène Ben, 147
Heckrath, Goswin, 78
Heras, Patxi, 101
Heredia, Javier, 156
Hernández Santos, Víctor, 154
Hernández-Crespo, Carmen, 97, 152, 157
Hernández, Héctor, 73
Herrera-Silveira, Jorge A., 73, 119
Herrero, Juan, 52, 153
Hesslerová, Petra, 104
Hlávek, Michal, 72, 91
Hoffmann, Carl Christian, 73, 78
Horváth, Zsófia, 74, 101, 122
Houhamdi, Moussa, 43, 136
Hrivnák, Richard, 72, 91, 96, 166
Hu, Jing, 189
Huertas, Netty, 75, 108
Hurtado, Blanca, 58
Huryna, Hanna, 104
Husák, Štěpán, 161
Hvitved-Jacobsen, Thorkild, 116
Ianosi, Mirela, 184
Ibàñez, Carles, 43, 50
Iglesias, Ana, 111
Ikeda, Solange, 57
Ilg, Christiane, 74, 97, 109, 145
Infante, Marta, 101
Irvine, Kenneth, 105
Jaime, R., 90
Januš, Vojtěch,134
Jaramillo Londoño, Ángela M., 179
Järveoja, Järvi, 77
Jeffries, Michael, 68, 75, 118
Jensen, Henning, 78
Jeppesen, Erik, 105
Jiménez Castilla, Tania, 75, 108
Jiménez-Hernández, María Emilia, 168
Jiménez-Rodríguez, A., 63
Jiménez, J. J., 158
Jirka, Vladimír, 104
Jonatar, Weslei, 57
Jones, Laurence,92
Jones, Peter, 92
Jongman, Robert H. G., 57
Joniak, Tomasz, 76, 79, 159, 169
Jörg Gelbrecht, 107
Jouany, Claire, 140
Joyce, Christopher, 126
Juan, Fernando, 88
Juárez-Escario, A. 115
Kalettka, Thomas, 76, 100
Kamlun, K. U., 159
195
Kaplan, David A., 51
Kasak, K., 77
Kaštovská, Eva, 61
Katarzyna, Glińska-Lewczuk, 170
Katrin, Wagner, 81
Kávová, Tereza, 134
Keissler, Kornelia, 81
Ki-IL, Song, 94
Kingsford, R. T., 53
Kiss, Anita, 37, 59
Kjaergaard, Charlotte, 73
Kleeberg, Andreas, 76
Kloskowski, Janusz, 77
Kobus, Szymon, 155
Kochjarová, Judita, 72, 91, 96, 166
Kočický, Dušan, 96
Koh, Chul-Hwan, 160
Kolář, Jan, 160
Kollmann, Johannes, 71, 131
Koo, Bon Joo, 160
Koren, Aleksander, 78, 184
Koszałka, Jacek, 155
Kreye, Christine, 81
Kronvang, Brian, 78
Kubátová, Barbora, 134
Kuczyńka-Kippen, Natalia, 76, 79, 127,
159, 169
Kujawa, Roman, 155
Květ , Jan, 56, 80, 134, 161
Kyallo, Daniel, 81
Labeid, Abdelfatah M., 137
Lacomba, Ignacio, 118
Ladera, Julián, 38, 45, 56, 62, 112
Laffaille, Pascal, 140
Lagues, Anne-Elisabeth, 46
Lajtner, Jasna, 115
Lambán, Luis Javier, 85
Lanfranco, Sandro, 48, 110, 181
Latorre, Borja, 164
Lauga, Béatrice, 112, 128, 146
Laurén, Kirsi, 80
Lauridsen, Torben L.,105
Leemhuis, Constanze, 81
Lefebvre, Gaëtan, 82
Leira, Manel, 177
León, Carolina A., 82
196
Li, Shoubo, 129
Linares Girela, Luis, 94
Litaor, M. Iggy, 83
Liu, Bing, 129
Liu, Hu, 129, 162
Lõhmus, Asko, 106
Longhi, Daniele, 83
Lopes Lázaro, Wilkinson, 57, 84
López Hernández, Martín, 154
López Sáez, José Antonio, 163
López-Días, Veneranda, 84, 122, 148, 163
López-Flores, Rocío, 66, 105, 133
López-Martínez, Carlos, 88
López-Montero, Teresa, 85
López-Vicente, Manuel, 85
Loriente, Ana, 89, 166
Loureiro, Elaine, 57
Lucassen, E. C. H. E. T., 113
Luigi Nimis, Pier, 40
Lumbreras Corujo, Ana, 42, 102
Luna, Estela, 86, 140, 164
Maddison, Martín, 77
Magalhães, Sónia, 86
Magyari, Máté, 165
Maltby, Edward, 36
Mander, Ülo L., 77, 87, 120
Manolache, Steluta, 55, 184
Manton, Michael, 87
Marca Natalio, Roque, 174
Marchand, M. A., 113
Mariotti, Paulo Roberto, 57
Márquez San Emeterio, Layla, 178
Martí-Cardona, Belén, 88
Martín, Miguel, 88, 97, 152, 157
Martínez, Carlos, 66
Martínez-Santos, Miren, 38, 112
Martínez Santos, Pedro, 141
Martínez-Pérez, Silvia, 165, 182
Martins, Bruno, 118
Marty-Gasset, Nathalie, 151
Masip, Adriá, 58, 89, 90, 166
Masuda, Yosuke, 90
Matijašec, Dora, 115
Matulić, Daniel, 115
Matúšová, Zuzana, 72, 91, 106, 166
Mazuelos, N., 63
McDougall, Kenny, 70
McInnes, Rob J., 127, 128
Medialdea, M., 63
Mediavilla López, Rosa, 141
Megyer, Csaba, 165
Mehner, Thomas, 105
Menéndez, Margarita, 119, 167
Menichino, Nina, 92
Mesquita-Joanes, Francesc, 39
Miguel-Chinchilla, Leticia, 92
Mihoc, Corina, 184
Milberg, Per 87
Miłobędzka, Aleksandra, 167
Minelgaite, Greta, 93
Miracle, María Rosa, 180
Møller, Henrik B., 78
Mónica, Sandra, 148
Montalván, Francisco Javier, 156
Montero-Pau, Javier, 151
Móra, Arnold, 74, 122
Moraes, Leonardo, 183
Moral Martos, Francisco, 107, 178
Morales-Rubio, Ángel, 174
Morales, Tomás, 38
Morató, Jordi, 93
Moreno, Luis, 168
Morini, Alessandra, 57
Motamedi, Shervin, 94
Mouhssine, Rhazi, 176
Moussoulis, E., 146
Mudarra-Martínez, Matías, 94, 169
Muhel, M., 120
Muñoz, Isabel, 167
Muñoz-Carpena, Rafael, 51
Murillo Díaz, Jose Manuel, 71, 145
Murueta, Nayeli, 50
Nagengast, Barbara, 79, 159, 169
Nandini, S., 175
Nastoski, Ljupcho, 184
Nasuti, Stéphanie, 46
Navarro, Enrique, 52, 54, 56, 112, 158
Navas, Ana, 85
Negrin, Vanesa L., 95
Neves, Ramiro, 44, 49, 56, 112
Neyen, Marielle, 76
Niedda, Alessandro, 51
Nieoczym, Marek, 77
Nieto-López, José Manuel, 169
Nizzoli, Daniele, 83
Nouidjem, Yacine, 43
Novikmec, Milan, 72, 91, 96, 106, 166
Oberholster, Paul, 177
Obolewski, Krystian, 155, 170, 171
Oboňa, Jozef, 72, 91
Oertli, Beat, 74, 97, 109, 145
Olarieta, José Ramón, 108
Oliván, Gisela, 82
Oliveira, Margarida, 171
Oliver, Núria, 97, 152, 157
Olmo, Carla, 98, 132, 172
Olsen, Søren B., 78
Ortells, Raquel, 98, 132, 172
Osadowski, Zbigniew, 171
Oťaheľová, Helena, 72, 91, 96, 166
Otto, Stefan, 172
Paiva, Ricardo, 46
Pál, Boda, 74
Palhas, Jael, 99
Paľove-Balang, Peter, 72, 91, 96, 166
Pappalardo, Salvatore Eugenio, 99, 172
Parra Cachada, Mario, 107, 178
Parrondo-Celdrán, Paz, 173
Parviainen, Miia, 187
Pascal, Laffaille, 151
Pascual, Miguel, 165
Pastor, Agustín, 174
Patmore, I., 70
Pätzig, Marlene, 100
Pech, Daniel, 73
Pedersen, Morten Lauge, 93
Pedrocchi, C., 158
Pedrol, J., 115
Péntek, Attila L., 101, 122
Peralta, Javier, 101
Pérez, Carlos, 58, 93
Pérez Peña, Martín, 154
Pérez-Bielsa, Cristina, 85
Pérez-Ceballos, Rosela, 73
Perrault, Annie, 158
Pers, Charlotta B., 40
Phua, M.-H., 159
Picazo, Antonio, 50
197
Picek, Tomáš, 61
Pimentel Rocha, Renata, 131
Pinardi, Monica, 102
Pinto-Cruz, Carla, 42, 102
Pinto, Valcir Rogério, 57
Pintor, María de los Ángeles, 153
Pistocchi, Chiara, 68, 183
Pla, Alberto, 174
Poddar, Parthendu, 103
Pokorný, Jan, 80, 104, 113
Ponsac, Claire, 174
Pontes, Angeles, 58
Pontevedra Pombal, Xabier, 137
Popović, Nina, 143, 175
Poulin, Brigitte, 82
Poulin, Monique, 69
Prada, Carlos, 153
Pratolongo, Paula D., 95
Prenda, José, 104
Prevedelli, Daniela, 110
Prim, Biserka, 115
Pronin, Eugeniusz, 127
Ptacnik, Robert, 74, 122
Puelles, María, 82
Pullin, Andrew, 92
Püttmann, Wilhelm, 84, 163
Quintana, Xavier D., 66, 105, 133, 144, 180,
187
Ramburn, H., 128
Ramil-Rego, Pablo, 142
Ramos-Merchante, Adrián, 104
Rannap, Riinu, 106, 123
Redondo, Isabel, 104
Reduciendo Klementová, Barbora, 72, 91,
106
Regal, Ramón, 153
Regidor, Mª del Carmen, 88
Reinhard, Lila, 138
Remic, Urša, 67
Remm, Liina, 106, 123
Rendón Martos, Manuel, 156, 169
Reuter, Hendrik, 107
Reyes-García, Ricardo, 175
Reyes, Enrique, 50
Rhazi, Laila, 124, 176
Rhazi, Mouhssine, 124
198
Riato, Luisa, 177
Rochefort, Line, 47, 69
Rochera, Carlos, 39
Rodrigo, María A. 39, 138, 177
Rodríguez, Argantonio, 152
Rodríguez, Javier, 89, 166
Rodríguez, Mauricio, 108
Rodríguez-Ochoa, Rafael, 86, 108
Rodríguez Rodríguez, Miguel, 107, 149, 178
Roelofs, J. G. M., 113
Rojo, Carmen, 177
Romo, Susana, 66, 105, 132
Rosset, Véronique, 109
Roulet, Albertine, 109
Rovira, Albert, 50
Rubæk, Gitte, 78
Rubinos, Marco, 142
Rubio, Silvia, 104
Rueda Sevilla, Juan, 179
Ruhí, Albert, 109
Ruiz-Matute, Ana Isabel, 178
Ruiz, Estilita, 38, 56, 112
Ruiz, José María, 156
Ruocco, Matteo, 110
Sabbatini, Tiziana, 68, 183
Šabec, Nika Debeljak, 184
Saccò, Mattia, 179
Saheb, Menouar, 43, 136
Sahuquillo, María, 180
Sahuquillo, Santiago, 93
Sala, Jordi, 66, 133, 144, 180, 187
Sala, Luigi, 110
Sammons, Nancy B., 117
Sammut, Sheriyl, 48, 110, 181
Sánchez-Pérez, José Miguel, 38, 44, 45, 49,
52, 54, 56, 62, 88, 112, 117, 128, 132,
151, 158
Sánchez, Berta, 111
Sánchez, Marina, 144
Sánchez, Marta, 65
Sancho, Vicente, 118
Sander, Nilo Leal, 57
Santamans, Anna C., 50
Santisteban Navarro, Juan Ignacio, 141
Santos, Edjane, 183
Sanz Azcarate, Luis, 181
Sanz, Jesús, 178
Sarma, S. S. S., 175
Sastre, Antonio, 165, 182
Sauvage, Sabine, 38, 44, 45, 49, 52, 54, 56,
112, 117, 128
Sayer, C., 70
Schachtschneider, K., 112
Schkade, Uwe-Karsten, 76
Schmitz, Melanie, 131
Schöll, Károly, 37, 59
Schutten, Johan, 70, 155
Scott, Dianne, 71
Sebastián, Francisco, 153
Segura, Matilde, 177
Segurado, Pedro, 86
Seják, Josef, 113
Sepp, Kalev, 126
Serna, Marconi, 183
Serra, Manuel, 64, 66, 98, 150, 151
Serrano, Laura, 63, 113, 146, 150
Séverine, Jean, 112, 151, 158
Sharpe, Peter J., 50
Sheng, Sheng, 189
Siham, Bouahim, 176
Silva Sousa, Keid Nolan, 57
Silvestri, Nicola, 68, 183
Simčič, Matej, 78, 114, 184
Simonini, Roberto, 110
Šípošová, Darina, 55
Skrzypczak, Andrzej, 155
Sliva, Jan, 71
Smiljkov, Stoe, 184
Soana, Elisa, 102
Solé-Senan, X.O., 115
Somerset, Vernon, 112
Søndergaard, Martín, 105
Sonja, Beuel, 81
Soosaar, K., 120
Sorando, Ricardo, 48, 89, 166
Sorescu, Carmen, 55, 184
Soria, Juan Miguel, 132
Sousa, Eunice, 99
Southworth, Jane, 51
Špoljar, Maria, 115
Spray, Debbie, 70
Squeo, Francisco A., 174
Srinivasan, Raghavan, 117
Stellner, Stanislav, 60
Stephansen, Diana Agnete, 93, 116
Stewart, Rebecca, 116
Stibilj, Vekoslava, 67
Strack, Maria, 47, 137
Strzelczak, Agnieszka, 171
Stupák, Radovan, 72, 91
Stutter, Marc, 78
Suárez Alonso, María Luisa, 154, 185
Sueilem, Magfri E., 137
Sun, Xiaoling, 38, 45, 112, 117
Svitok, Marek, 72, 91, 96, 106, 166
Tanskanen, Minna, 117
Tarazona, Eva, 64
Tarjányi, Nikolett, 185
Taylor, Scott, 68, 118
Teasdale, Phillip, 126
Teissier, Samuel, 38, 45, 52, 56, 112, 128,
132
Teixeira, José, 86, 99, 118
Tersa, Andueza, 73
Teutli-Hernández, Claudia, 73, 119
Thompson, Stella, 125, 186
Tichackova, Jirina,186
Tolvanen, Anne, 120, 187
Toman, Mihael J., 129
Tomàs, Carles, 144
Tomljanović, Tea, 115
Tornero, Irene, 144, 187
Torres Guerrero, Jaime, 154
Torres, Ricardo, 73
Tóth, Adrienn, 74, 122
Tóth, Bence, 122
Tournebize, Julien, 87, 120
Triadó-Margarit, Xavier, 52, 121
Triest, Ludwig, 124
Trobajo, Rosa, 43
Trokanova, Lucie, 121
Tug, Gul Nilhan, 188
Türe, Cengiz, 188
Türker, Onur Can, 188
Urbanczyk, Justyna, 122, 148
Urbón, Jesús, 153
Uriarte, Jesús, 38
Vad, Csaba F., 74, 101, 122
199
Vaikre, Maarja, 123
Valls, Luis, 39
Van den Broeck, Maarten, 124, 176
Van Diggelen, Rudy, 128
Van Halsema, Gerardo E., 36
Van Onsem, Stijn, 124
Vehkaoja, Mia, 125, 186
Vela Moriones, Maria, 181
Velasco, Ángel, 39
Verdiell-Cubedo, David, 173
Veselská, Marta, 72
Viaroli, Pierluigi, 46, 83, 136
Vidal-Abarca, Mª Rosario, 154, 185
Vieira, Ludgero, 46
Vilà, Montserrat, 65
Vila, Rosa, 144
Villa, Paolo, 102
Villar de Pablo, M. del Mar, 179
Vincent, Bernard, 87, 120
Virdis, Salvatore, 51
Vítková, Jitka, 189
Vollertsen, Jes, 93, 116
Volpedo, Alejandra, 138
Vymazal, Jan, 54, 125
Wagner Zago, Bruno, 57
Walters, Chavon, 112
Wan, Yun, 189
Ward, Raymond, 126
Waterkeyn, Aline, 124, 126, 176
Wen, Yue, 54
Wiborg, Irene, 78
Wiśniewska, Malgorzata, 127
Witeska, Anna, 190
Yakar, Anıl, 188
Yamashita, H., 127
Yao, J. M, 56, 62, 112, 128
Yaprak, Ahmet Emre, 188, 191
Yela, J. L.,
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Zabaleta, Ane, 38, 49, 52, 56, 62, 112
Zak, Dominic, 107, 128
Zaldívar Jiménez, Arturo, 73
Zanin, Giuseppe, 172
Zapriháčová, Andrea, 72, 91
Zelnik, Igor, 129
Zhao, Wenzhi, 129, 162
200
Zhou, Qi, 54
Ziegler, Susanne, 81
Zrinščak, Ivana, 115
Zsuga, Katalin, 101, 122
Zulsdorff, Valentina, 116
Zumalacárregui, Carlos, 58

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