Ochlerotatus j. japonicus - Virginia Mosquito Control Association

Ochlerotatus j. japonicus - Virginia Mosquito Control Association

Ochlerotatus j. japonicus
Charles Abadam
City of Suffolk Mosquito Control
Dr. Harrison
Oc. japonicus japonicus
• Foreign/Invasive species
• First U.S. occurrence in 1998
(NY, NJ, and CT)
• Origin of species: Japan and Korea
• Wide distribution potential
• Feeds on mammals and birds (laboratory)
• Japan
–
–
–
–
Hokkaido
Honshu
Kyushu
Shikoku
www.rootsweb.com/~jpnwgw/honpreflist.html
• Korea
– Peninsula
– Cheju Do
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_peninsula
Equator
2006 NC Mosquito Surveillance
Oc. j. japonicus
Adult Taxonomy:
Thorax (Scutum)
VMCA website
http://biomicro.sdstate.edu/Hildrethm/mosquito/OrSigniferaScutA.jpg
Adult Taxonomy:
Hind Legs
Tarsi
Femur
Adult Taxonomy:
Abdomen
Surveillance
• Best Results
– Gravid traps
– Oviposition jars
• Poor Results
– CDC light traps
– NJ light traps
Adult Activity
• Late Afternoon
• Crepuscular
• 1-2 hours after dark
Larval Characteristics:
Head and Anal
Larval Head Comparisons
Larval Habitats
• Artificial Containers
– Used tires*, plastic containers, ceramic
containers, concrete containers, birdbaths,
barrels, wheel barrows, metal cans, catch
basins, street gutters, stone earthenware,
tarps
• Rock pools*, rock holes*, tree holes
• Tire ruts, ground depressions
Associated larvae
COMMON
Ae. albopictus*
An. punctipennis
Cx. pipiens complex
Cx. restuans
Cx. territans
Oc. atropalpus
Oc. triseriatus*
LESS COMMON
An. barberi
An. quadrimaculatus s.l.
Cx. salinarius
Cs. melanura
Or. signifera
Tx. rutilus septentrionalis*
* Species found with Suffolk specimens
Aedes albopictus
Ochlerotatus triseriatus
Tx. rutilus septentrionalis
Ochlerotatus j. japonicus
Feeding preferences
• Mammals
– Laboratory
• Mice and Hamsters
– Blood meal identifications
• Deer, sheep, horse, humans
• Birds
– Laboratory
• Chickens
– Blood Meal Identifications
• None
• Reptiles & Amphibians
• None
Vector Competency
• WNV (West Nile Virus)
– Infection Rate: 69%
– Dissemination Rate: 64%
– Estimated Transmission Rate: 64%
• EEE (Eastern Equine Encephalitis)
– Infection Rate: 55-100%
– Dissemination Rate: 55-93%
– Estimated Transmission Rate:15-25%
Vector Competency
• LAC (La Cross Virus)
– Infection Rate: 20-88%
– Dissemination Rate: 100%
– Estimated Transmission Rate: 75-88%
• SLE (St. Louis Encephalitis)
– Infection Rate: 96%
– Dissemination Rate: 100%
– Estimated Transmission Rate: 29-84%
Oc. j. japonicus and the
West Nile Virus Cycle in the U.S.
POSITIVE MOSQUITO POOLS
1999 = 0
2000 = 3
2001 =15
2002 = 29 out of 15,433 specimens
= 1 per 532 specimens pooled
= Minimum Infection Rate (MIR) = 1.88 per 1,000
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Of approximately 30 species found positive in 2002, Oc.
japonicus had the 7th highest MIR, just below Cx.
restuans
Conclusions
• Oc. japonicus is spreading rapidly throughout VA
and has reached Southside Hampton Roads
• Increased Oc. Japonicus distribution in VA can
effect the number of positive WNV pools found
• Increased surveillance is needed to track this
species in VA and eliminate it’s habitats
Acknowledgements
• Dr. Bruce Harrsion
• Dr. Gaines
• Joe Andrews
References
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Peyton EL, Campbell SR, Candeletti TM, Romanowski M, Crans WJ. Aedes (Finlaya) Japonicus
Japonicus (Theobald), a new introduction into the United States. J Am Mosq Control 15: 238-241.
Roppo MR, Lilia JL, Maloney FA, Sames WJ. Fiorst Occurrence of Ochlerotatus Japonicus in the
state of Washington. J Am Mosq Control 20: 83-84.
Sardelis MR, Dohm DJ, Pagac B, Andre RG, Turell MJ. Experimental Transmission of Eastern
Equine Encephalitis Virus bby Ochlerotatus j. japonicus J Med Entomol 39:480-484
Sardelis MR, Turell MJ, Andre RG. 2003. Experimental transmission of St. Louis Encephalitis
virus by Ochlerotatus J. Japonicus . J Am Mosq Control 19:159-162.
Sardeli MR, Turell MJ, Andre RG. 2002. Laboratory Transmission of La Crosse Virus by
Ochlerotatus j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 39: 635-639
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Turell MJ, O’Guinn M, Dohm DJ, Jones JW. 2001. Vector Competence of North American
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) for West Nile Virus. J Med Entomol 38: 130-134.