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IMPRESSUM
Published by
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Editor in chief
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU
Printed by
AcademicPres (EAP),
3-5 Manastur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400372
Romania
Web page
http://symposium.usamvcluj.ro
13th International Symposium”Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”
1
IMPRESSUM
in collaboration with
University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, BOKU (Austria)
University of Liege (Belgium)
EuCheMS – Division of Food Chemistry
under the patronage of Romanian
Ministry of National Education
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences
Romanian Academy
Organize
THE 13th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
“PROSPECTS FOR THE 3rd MILLENNIUM AGRICULTURE”
25th – 27th of September 2014
Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Prof. dr. Doru PAMFIL
Prof. dr. Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAS
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU
Assoc. prof. dr. Andrei MIHALCA
Assoc. prof. dr. Ioana POP
Prof. dr. Roxana VIDICAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Antonia ODAGIU
Prof. dr. Radu SESTRAŞ
Prof. dr. Viorel MITRE
Assoc. prof. dr. Ionel Mugurel JITEA
Prof. dr. Vioara MIREŞAN
Prof. dr. Augustin VLAIC
Assoc. prof. dr. Mirela CADAR
Prof. dr. Cornel CĂTOI
Prof. dr. Adela PINTEA
Prof. dr. Sevastita MUSTE
Assoc. prof. dr. Elena MUDURA
Faculty of Agriculture
Lect. dr. Tania MIHĂIESCU
Assoc. prof. dr. Laura PAULETTE
Lect. dr. Florin PĂCURAR
Faculty de Horticulture
Lect. dr. Diana DUMITRAŞ
Lect dr. Cristina POCOL
Asist. dr. Radu Cristian SISEA
Lect. dr. Adriana SESTRAŞ
Lect. dr. Vasile SIMU
Faculty of Animal Science and
Biotechnology
Prof. dr. Daniel DEZMIREAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Vasile CIGHI
Lect. dr. Camelia RĂDUCU
Lect. dr. Anamaria VÂTCĂ
Asist. dr. Mihai BENŢEA
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Lect. dr. Silvana POPESCU
Assoc. Prof. dr. Nicodim FIŢ
Lect. dr. Sevastre BOGDAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Călin GHERMAN
Faculty of Food Science and Technology
Lect. dr. Crina MUREȘAN
Lect. dr. Adriana PĂUCEAN
Lect. dr. Ramona SUHAROSCHI
Assoc. Prof. dr. Dorin ŢIBULCĂ
Asist.dr. Teodora Emilia COLDEA
Conference Secretary
Dr. Dorottya DOMOKOS
Sorina DÂRJAN
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WELCOME MESSAGE
We are pleased to welcome you at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, Romania to share our scientific performance and progress during
this special scientific event.
The University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, recently
classified in the first category of “advanced research” universities of Romania, place also
confirmed by the European University Association (EUA). The University becomes nowadays
one of the most prestigious academic institutions from Romania.
The 13th International Symposium "Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”, is a dynamic
forum of exchanges for scientific experiences, innovative ideas and concepts, future prospects in
agriculture, plant and animal science, food science and technology, biotechnology, veterinary
medicine, as well in other interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary areas.
The 13th International Symposium "Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture” includes
invited conferences, presented by known international and national personalities, oral and poster
presentations, as well round tables and exhibitions, where recent advanced scientific and technical
results can be seen, especially now, in the context of the new European Research Program
“Horizon 2020” and of the national Research – Technological Development and Innovation
Program, related to Life Sciences.
The symposium program will consist of ten main sections:
1. Agriculture
2. Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
3. Food Science and Technology
4. Horticulture and Forestry
5. Economics and Rural Development
6. Animal Science
7. Biotechnologies
8. Veterinary Medicine - Fundamental and preclinical sciences
9. Veterinary Medicine - Clinical sciences
10. Land Measurement, Natural and Humanistic Sciences
The participants registered to our symposium have the opportunity not only to present their
results, published as summary in the “Book of Abstracts” but also to publish in extenso their
contributions. The oral presentations, after a previous peer review process, can be published in the
journal Bulletin of UASVM-CN nr. 71(2)/2014 –Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal ScienceBiotehnologies, Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Technology.
This proceedings’ “Book of Abstracts” contain 782 abstracts submitted by participants from
different countries. We wish to thank all participants and organizers for making this meeting
possible. We do hope that you will find during the 13th International Symposium an interesting
program and a great opportunity to interact with colleagues and friends from Romania.
With best wishes,
Prof. dr. Doru PAMFIL, Rector
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU, Vice-rector for Research
13th International Symposium “Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”
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ANNOTATION
The abstracts and contact information are submitted by the main authors.
Each author explicitly confirms that the abstract meets the ethical standards for authors
and coauthors.
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SYMPOSIUM PROGRAM
Thursday, 25th of September 2014
Registration of participants
8:00-16:00
(Hall, Aula Magna “Mihai Serban”, USAMV Cluj-Napoca)
Rector, Prof. D. Pamfil
Opening ceremony
Representatives of Ministry,
9:00-9:20
(Aula Magna “Mihai Serban”)
Academy and local authorities
st
9:20-11:00
1 Plenary Session
Who represents plant scientists at European
9:20-9:50
level – how can you have a say?
Karin METZLAFF, Belgium
Plant breeding: new directions for an old
9:50-10:20
science
Clay SNELLER, USA
Flavonoids: Antioxidants for human health
10:20-10:50
and plant defence
Oscar VICENTE, Spain
11:00-11:30
Coffee break
11:30-13:00
2nd Plenary Session
The importance of traditional agriculture
11:30-12:00
for sustainable development
Stefano GREGO, Italy
Wild and managed honey bees in Africa, Robin M. CREWE,
12:00-12:30
impact on colony health
South Africa
Bovine papillomavirus type 13 expression
12:30-13:00
in the urothelial bladder tumours of cattle
Franco ROPERTO, Italy
Lunch (Biodiversity Institute or Agronomia Restaurant)
13:00-14:30
Oral Sessions (sections I-X)
14:30-19:00
Dinner (Agronomia restaurant)
20:00-21:30
th
Friday, 26 of September 2014
09:00-11:00
11:00-11:30
Coffee break
11:30-13:00
Lunch (Agronomia restaurant)
13.00-15:00
15:00-17:00
Round table - " Contribution of
Hall A6 – Faculty of
Innovative Fertilization to Agriculture
Agriculture
Progress "
15:00-17:00
Poster Sessions and presentations (sections I-X)
Banquet (Napoca Hotel)
19:00-24:00
Saturday, 27th of September 2014
Post - symposium tours(optional) – 35 Euros or 150 lei
08:00-21:00
1. Saxon Transylvania Tour
Route: Cluj-Napoca-Bazna-Mediaș-Biertan-Sibiu-Cluj-Napoca
2. Transylvania Village Tour
Route: Cluj-Napoca-Turda-Rimetea-Colțești-Aiud-Alba Iulia-Cluj-Napoca
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LIST OF ABSTRACTS
ORAL PRESENTATIONS .................................................................................................................72
SESSION 1: AGRICULTURE
PLANT BREEDING: NEW DIRECTIONS FOR AN OLD SCIENCE
Clay SNELLER* ...........................................................................................................................73
COMPARATIVE STUDY
TRANSYLVANIA
BETWEEN
GRASSLAND
IN
FLANDERS
AND
IN
Lucien CARLIER², Didier HUYGENS1, Ioan ROTAR3, Roxana VIDICAN3, Anamaria
MĂLINAŞ3...................................................................................................................................74
TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK) (LEPIDOPTERA GELECHIIDAE) ADULT FEEDING ON
TOMATO LEAVES
Raul BAETAN1, Ion OLTEAN1, Rocco ADDANTE 2, Francesco PORCELLI 2* ......................75
AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS FROM CLUJ COUNTY
Ştefan BAKOS1, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ2* ................................................................................76
RESEARCH ON THE REACTION OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO DISEASES ATTACK IN
2013, IN THE COUNTY OF BRĂILA
Alexandru Gheorghe BĂLAȘU, Cristinel Relu ZALĂ* and Stelica CRISTEA .........................77
INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION UPON WEEDY DEGREE IN MAIZE
Ileana BOGDAN1, Teodor RUSU2, Adrian POP1, Paula MORARU1, Ştefania GÂDEA1, Tincuta
GOCAN1, Bogdan DUDA1, Nicoleta IOICA2 ..............................................................................78
SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF
MOLDOVA
Boris BOINCEAN*.......................................................................................................................79
EFFECT OF A BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND THE EFFICIENCY
ON THE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM CERASIFORME), CULTIVATED IN
GREENHOUSE
Maria Stela BRADEA1*, S.A. SNOUSSI1 and K. BEGHLAL2 ..................................................80
APPLICATIONS OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR EXAMINING SOIL
STRUCTURE: A REVIEW
Anca - Elena CALISTRU* and Gerard JITĂREANU..................................................................81
EVOLUTION OF MICROBIAL
PROCESSED HERBS
FLORA
DURING
STORAGE
OF
MINIMALLY
Giorgiana Mihaela CĂTUNESCU1, Ioan ROTAR2, Roxana VIDICAN2*, Ancuța M. ROTAR3,
Florina BUNGHEZ3 .....................................................................................................................82
STUDY OF SOME PRODUCTION AND QUALITY INDEX ON SOME WINTER WHEAT
VARIETIES AND LINES CREATED AT ARDS TURDA
Ovidiu Adrian CECLAN1, Ionut RACZ1,2, Ioan HAS1,2*, Rozalia KADAR1, Vasile
MOLDOVAN1 .............................................................................................................................83
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WEED CONTROL IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATED IN MINIMUM TILLAGE SYSTEM AND
THE PRODUCTION OBTAINED AT ARDS TURDA
Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Ileana BOGDAN2, Felicia CHEŢAN1,2,
Alina ŞIMON1,2 ............................................................................................................................84
RESULTS OBTAINED FROM MAIZE PRODUCTION DURING THE PERIOD 2012 - 2013
IN MINIMUM TILLAGE, AT ARDS TURDA
Felicia CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Alina ŞIMON1,2,
Mircea IGNEA1 ............................................................................................................................85
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS PLANT GROWTH MEDIA PREPARED WITH FRESH AND
AGED SPENT MUSHROOM COMPOST ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF
CRYSANTHEMUM (CHRYSANTHEMUM MORIFOLIUM)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2 and Gülay KARAHAN3 .......................................86
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE RELATION BETWEEN MEADOW AND ANIMAL
IN BAISOARA COMMUNE
Mirela CIREBEA, Ioan ROTAR* ................................................................................................87
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF BIODYNAMIC PREPARATIONS FROM TWO
VARIETIES OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM SSP. VULGARE, TRITICUM AESTIVUM
SSP. SPELTA)
Raul CHIUHAN1*, Marcel DUDA1 Gavrilă MORAR1, Cristina MOLDOVAN1 and
Liviu TOMOŞ1 .............................................................................................................................88
THE EVOLUTION OF AGROCLIMATIC INDICATORS IN
TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
2009 - 2013 IN THE
Camelia-Liliana COSTE*, Teodor RUSU, Ileana BOGDAN, Adrian Ioan POP, Paula Ioana
MORARU, Bogdan Matei DUDA ...............................................................................................89
THE EFFECT OF ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZATION TO POTATO DUE TO THE
AGROCHEMICAL CHANGES MADE TO DISTRICAMBOSOIL FROM THE
MOUNTAINOUS AREAS
Ionela DAVID, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ* ....................................................................................90
THE INFLUENCE OF PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN DOSES UPON SOYBEAN YIELD
OBTAINED ON CERNOZIOM SOIL, AT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH –
DEVELOPMENT STATION TURDA
Valeria DEAC1, 2, Ioan ROTAR1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, Anamaria MĂLINAȘ1 .........................91
RESEARCH REGARDING THE ASSESMENT OF THE COVERAGE DEGREE FOR
PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF NOZZLES
Ioan DROCAȘ*, Ovidiu MARIAN, Sorin STĂNILĂ, Ovidiu RANTA,
Adrian MOLNAR.........................................................................................................................92
ALEUROCANTHUS SPINIFERUS (QUAINTANCE) (ORANGE SPINY WHITEFLY, OSW)
(HEMIPTERA, ALEYRODIDAE) A ALIEN PEST INVADING SOUTHERN ITALY
Ahmed EL KENAWY1, Raul BAETAN2, Isabella CORRADO1, Daniele CORNARA1, Ion
OLTEAN2, Francesco PORCELLI1* ............................................................................................93
TECHNOLOGY OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HBN) MASS
REARING, SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS, IN CONTROLLED CONDITIONS, AT NARDI
FUNDULEA
Emil GEORGESCU1*, Mariana BURCEA2, Lidia CANA1, Luxita RASNOVEANU3 ...............94
8
VULPIA MYUROS (L.) C.C.GMEL (RAT’S TAIL FESCUE) – A PROBLEM WEED IN THE
RAPE CROPS OF OUR COUNTRY?
Mihaela Ioana GEORGESCU1⃰, Vasilica LUCHIAN1, Liviu DINCĂ1, Daniel Constantin
POTOR1 and Octavian GROZA2..................................................................................................95
FLORISTIC, ECOLOGIC AND PEDOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMI-NATURAL
HAY MEADOWS FROM RODNA MOUNTAINS
Adrian GLIGA, Ioan ROTAR*, Mihai BUTA, Florin PĂCURAR, Agnes BALAZSI................96
NEW ENTOMOCOENOTIC PARTICULARITIES AND INTEGRATED PEST CONTROL IN
TRANSYLVANIAN WHEAT CROPS UNDER THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE WARMING
Dana MALSCHI1,2*, Adina Daniela TĂRĂU2, Rozalia KADAR2,Cornel CHEŢAN2 and
Nicolae TRITEAN2 .....................................................................................................................97
CONTROL THE AVENA FATUA SPECIES - AN EXPANDING WEED IN BANAT REGION
Dan MANEA, Ramona ŞTEF*, Ioan PEŢ, Ioana GROZEA, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ and Anişoara
IENCIU ........................................................................................................................................98
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EVALUATION OF THE WORKING QUALITATIVE
INDICES FOR PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS IN ORCHARDS USING GAMBERINI
500 SPRAYING MACHINE
Ovidiu MARIAN*, Ioan DROCAȘ, Ovidiu RANTA, Adrian MOLNAR, Sorin STĂNILĂ,
Zoltan KIRALY............................................................................................................................99
THE EFFECT WHICH DISTANCE BETWEEN ROWS AND FERTILIZATION HAS ON A
COMPLEX FORAGE MIXTURE IN CONDITION SPECIFIC TO TRANSYLVANIA PLAIN
Anamaria MĂLINAS, Ioan ROTAR*, Roxana VIDICAN, Florin PĂCURAR, Adrian GLIGA,
Agnes BALAZSI ........................................................................................................................100
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF GIBBERELLINS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGIC PROCESSES OF
CORN PLANTS (ZEA MAYS)
Lucia MIHALESCU1*, Oana MARE ROŞCA1, Zorica VOŞGAN1, Monica MARIAN1, Aurel
MAXIM², Mirela CORDEA2 .....................................................................................................101
INFLUENCE OF SLOPE MORPHOLOGY UPON THE THERMIC REGIME OF SOIL AND
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Paula Ioana MORARU1, Teodor RUSU1, Ileana BOGDAN1, Adrian POP1, Camelia COSTE1,
Bogdan DUDA1, Tudor SǍLǍGEAN1, Mara ŞOPTEREAN1, Ilarie IVAN2 ...........................102
PARTIAL RESULTS ON THE DEGENERATION OF POTATO IN THE MICROZONES
FOR SEED POTATO PRODUCTION AT TG. SECUIESC AND APA ROȘIE
Robert MOTICA*, Anca BACIU, Zsuzsanna NEMES, Ivan VITOS........................................103
VARIABILITY FOR YOUNG MAIZE PLANTS CHARACTERS
POPULATIONS
IN A SET OF LOCAL
Leon MUNTEAN1*, Cornelia STAN2, Nicolae TRITEAN3, Ioan HAS1,3, Voichita HAS3 .......104
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TERMITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL
OBTAINED FROM CANARIUM SCHWENFURTHII RESIN FROM SANGO BAY, UGANDA
Christine Betty NAGAWA, Stefan BÖHMDORFER* and Thomas ROSENAU .....................105
ISOLATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RHIZOBIUM TRIFOLII
AND SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI USING API 20NE AND API 20E
Monica NISTE1, Roxana VIDICAN1*, Carmen PUIA1, Ioan ROTAR1, Rodica POP1 ..............106
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STUDY OF THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN SECONDARY GRASSLANDS
IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES AS A RESULT OF ABANDONMENT
Florin PĂCURAR*, Ioan ROTAR, Anca BOGDAN and Ágnes BALÁZSI.............................107
ALPINE AND SUBALPINE MEADOWS FROM RODNA MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK SOIL COVER CHARACTERIZATION
Ioan PACURAR1*, Stefan BILASCO2, Horea CACOVEAN3, Oana MARE ROSCA4, Lucian
Dumitru NITA5 Gheorghe BUNEA6, Cornel NEGRUSIER1 and Horea PACURAR1 .............108
EVOLUTION STUDY OF PESTS IN THE PARKS “JUSTICE” AND „BOTANIC” FROM
TIMISOARA IN 2011-2013 PERIOD
Doru Ion PETANEC1, Georgina BIZAU1, Lavinia Madalina MICU2*,
Claudiu DRAGOMIR1 ...............................................................................................................109
ABOUT ARNICA MONTANA GRASSLANDS AND THEIR CONTEXT
Anca PLEŞA1*, Ioan ROTAR1 Florin PĂCURAR1, Roxana VIDICAN1,
Agnes BALASZI1 .......................................................................................................................110
SOLUTIONS AND TECHNIQUES FOR CONSERVATIVE AND EFFECTIVE USE OF
ARABLE LANDS IN THE SOMEŞAN PLATEAU
Adrian Ioan POP, Teodor RUSU*, Ileana BOGDAN, Paula Ioana MORARU, Bogdan Matei
DUDA, Camelia Liliana COSTE, Tudor SALAGEAN .............................................................111
THE CONTRIBUTION OF YIELD COMPONENTS TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF
PRODUCTION IN SOME WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES
Ionuţ RACZ1,2*, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Vasile MOLDOVAN2, Rozalia KADAR2,
Adrian CECLAN2 .......................................................................................................................112
RESULTS REGARING YIELD ELEMENTS OBTAINED AT DIFFERENT DENSITIES AT
CERTAIN SOYBEAN VARIETIES
Raluca REZI1 2*, Ioan HAŞ1 2, Eugen MUREŞANU1 .................................................................113
ADVANTAGES OF USING G.I.S. TECHNOLOGIES IN EVALUATING OF LAND
FAVOURABILITY ASSESSMENT. CASE STUDY THE NIRAJ RIVER BASIN
(TRANSYLVANIA DEPRESSION, ROMANIA)
Sanda ROȘCA1, Ștefan BILAȘCO1,2, Ioan PĂCURAR3* ..........................................................114
LOCAL POPULATIONS. GERMPLASM SOURCES IN MAIZE
Carmen - Daniela ROTAR1,2*, Ioan HAS1,2, Ana COPÂNDEAN1, Voichita HAS1 ..................115
ECOLOGIC AND AGRONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. –
TRISETUM FLAVESCENS (L.) P. BEAUV GRASSLAND SUBTYPE
Ioan ROTAR*, Florin PĂCURAR, Anca BOGDAN, Roxana VIDICAN and
Miklós NAGY ...........................................................................................................................116
RESEARCHES REGARDING WEED CONTROL IN SOYBEAN CROP
Teodor RUSU1, Cornel CHEŢAN2, Ileana BOGDAN1, Felicia CHEŢAN2, Mircea IGNEA2,
Bogdan DUDA1, Ilarie IVAN3, Gheorghe BUNEA4 .................................................................117
ASSESSMENT OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE PRODUCTION AND SOME
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF SPRING BARLEY COLLECTION FROM ARDS
TURDA
Florin RUSSU1,2*, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Vasile MOLDOVAN1 and Rozalia KADAR1 .........................118
10
THE USE OF GIS FOR EVALUATING AREAS FROM SOMEŞ MIC MEADOW AFFECTED
BY EXCESS MOISTURE
Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Teodor RUSU1, Lucian DRAGOMIR2, Paula Ioana MORARU1, Adrian
Ioan POP1 and Bogdan DUDA1 .................................................................................................119
BEHAVIOR OF NEW PHYLLOXERA RESITANT ROOTSTOCKS ON DIFFERENT
VINEYARD SITES
Joachim SCHMID1*, Frank MANTY1 and Ernst H. RUEHL1 ...................................................120
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZATION AND ZEOLITE ON SOYBEAN
PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FROM ARDS TURDA
Susana SFECHIŞ, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Vlad STOIAN.....................................121
THE IMPACT OF BIOLOGICAL, ECOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON
THE FORAGE YIELD OF COMPLEX MIXTURES OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AND
LEGUMES
Nicuşor SIMA1, Doru CRISTE1 and Rodica SIMA2*................................................................122
RESEARCHES ON THE GERMINATION BIOLOGY OF SOME COMMON WEED SEEDS
IN TURKEY
Hüseyin SOLAK1, Murat KARACA2* and Ahmet GÜNCAN2 ................................................123
DEVELOPMENT OF AN EQUIPMENT FOR IN FIELD MEASURING OF TRACTION
FORCES DURING SOIL TILLAGE
Sorin STĂNILĂ .........................................................................................................................124
EFFECT OF SALINE IRRIGATION AND SOWING DEPTH ON GERMINATION OF BEAN
(PHASEOLUS VULGARIS) IN A POT EXPERIMENT
Sinan SUHERI, Duran YAVUZ, Iknur YAYLALI and Nurcan YAVUZ* ...............................125
LINKAGES BETWEEN SOIL BIODIVERSITY AND AGROECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO
PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Mignon ŞANDOR* and Aurel MAXIM.....................................................................................126
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOIL BIOTA AND ENERGY CROPS IN A PHYTOCOSM
EXPERIMENT IN THE GREENHOUSE
Valentina ŞANDOR1,2, Roxana VIDICAN1*, Quentin SCHORPP2 , Mignon SANDOR3,
Stefan SCHRADER2 ..................................................................................................................127
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY INDICES OF
WHEAT, IN CONSERVATIVE SYSTEM, AT ARDS TURDA
Alina ŞIMON1,2*, Felicia CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2,
Mircea IGNEA1 ..........................................................................................................................128
MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION VARIATION PRODUCED BY MULCHING AND ZINC
SULPHATE OVERLAPPED ON DIFFERENTIATED FERTILIZATION
Vlad STOIAN, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR ....................................129
THE INFLUENCE OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENT ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY
OF SEVERAL AUTUMN WHEAT VARIETIES
Loredana SUCIU1,2, Raluca MICLEA1, Rozalia KADAR2 and Carmen PUIA1* ......................130
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ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS PRODUCED BY JOHNSON GRASS EXTRACTS OVER
GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF CROP PLANTS
Ramona ŞTEF1*, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana GROZEA1, Isidora RADULOV2 and Adina
BERBECEA2 ..............................................................................................................................131
THE PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF THE MAIZE INBREED LINES FROM ARDS
TURDA AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF NEW SOURCES FOR MAIZE HYBRIDS
BREEDING
Roxana SUT GHERMAN1, Voichita HAS2, Andrei VARGA2, Ana COPÂNDEAN2, Ioan
HAS1,2*........................................................................................................................................132
AGROBIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GALEGA
ORIENTALIS LAM. AND ASTRAGALUS GALEGIFORMIS L. SPECIES IN MOLDOVA
Alexandru TELEUŢĂ1*, Victor ŢÎŢEI1, Sergiu COŞMAN2 .....................................................133
INTRODUCTION AND AGROECONOMICAL VALUE OF SIDA HERMAPHRODITA (L.)
RUSBY IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Victor ŢÎŢEI*.............................................................................................................................134
RESEARCH ON QUANTIFICATION LOSSES DUE TO GERMINATION IN POTATO FOR
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING
Florin UGRUȚAN, Gavrila MORAR*, Cristina MOLDOVAN ...............................................135
THE GENETIC PROGRESS ACCOMPLISHED IN THE CREATION OF THE MAIZE
HYBRIDS FROM A.R.D.S. TURDA
Andrei VARGA², Voichiţa HAŞ², Roxana ŞUT-GHERMAN², Ana COPÂNDEAN²,
Ioan HAŞ1,2*..............................................................................................................................136
RESEARCH ON THE GROWTH OF OFFSPRINGS AND FRUIT, UNDER THE INFLUENCE
OF WATER IN IRRIGATED BLUEBERRY CROPS
Nineta Simona VARGA1, Emil LUCA1*, Timea GABOR2, Marilena ROZENBERG3 .............137
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS
ON MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION IN FESTUCA RUBRA AT THE END OF THE
VEGETATION PERIOD
Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR ....................................138
RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMUM SHAPE AND SIZE OF POTATO RIDGES – PARTIAL
RESULTS FROM TRIAL YEAR 2013
Iván Zoltán VITOS1*, Gavrilă MORAR1, Luiza MIKE2, Cristina MOLDOVAN1 ...................139
THE EFFECT OF GRAZING ON THE PRODUCTION OF GRASSLANDS IN HILLY
AREAS
Zorica VOŞGAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN2, Lucia MIHALESCU1, Oana MARE ROŞCA1, Monica
MARIAN1 Anca DUMUŢA1 .....................................................................................................140
EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE SALINITY ON SEEDLING EMERGENCE IN
CONFECTIONARY PUMPKIN
Duran YAVUZ, Iknur YAYLALI, Sinan SUHERI, and Nurcan YAVUZ*..............................141
12
SESSION 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
EFFECTS OF A PRESCRIBED FIRE ON UNDERSTORY VEGETATION IN A CANARIAN
PINE FOREST STAND (GRAN CANARIA)
José Ramón ARÉVALO1*, Silvia FERNÁNDEZ - LUGO1, Virginia AFONSO1, Federico
GRILLO2, Agustín NARANJO3.................................................................................................142
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE CHOICE OF BUILDING MATERIALS IN THE
CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Claudiu ACIU*, Daniela Lucia MANEA ...................................................................................143
TESTING INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUE, BASED ON MICROWAVE IRRADIATION, FOR
STIMULATING COMMON BEAN GERMINATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Cladia BALINT1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Emanoil SURDUCAN2 ....................................................144
COMOROVA FOREST: A DRIVER FOR A UNIQUE COASTAL MICROCLIMATE.
BETWEEN THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Vladimir Ionuţ BOC1 ..................................................................................................................145
STUDY UPON ALLIUM SATIVUM L. ACTION AGAINST PHYTOPHTORA INFESTANS
MONT. DE BARY ATTACK IN POTATO
Daniela BORDEA, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Cristian
MĂLINAŞ, Adrian MILĂŞAN..................................................................................................146
THE EFFECTS OF CONVENTIONAL AND NON CONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS ON
THE DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF PYRUS COMMUNIS ROOTSTOCK
Bianca Maria BORDEANU, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Petru BURDUHOS...........147
INNOVATIVE PHYTOSANITARY ECOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS IN POTATO CULTURES
AND ECO-CONDITIONALYTY EXIGENCIES IN ROMANIA
Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian MĂLINAŞ.......................148
STUDY OF THE DRYING PHENOMENON IN PINE TREES
Petru BURDUHOS1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Ilie COVRIG2, Constantin ŞULEA1 ...........................149
THE HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF VINEYARD SOILS
Gilda - Diana BUZATU* ............................................................................................................150
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE EFFICIENCY OF INSULATION MATERIALS
AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Horia CIUCLARU*, Daniela MANEA, Luminita MOLNAR ...................................................151
RESEARCH ON ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF DEGRADED LANDS IN THE
COUNTY OF GALATI
Maria CONTOMAN1*, Valentin HAHUIE2 ...............................................................................152
CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRENGTHENING DURMAST FORESTS PRESERVATION BY
USING APPROPRIATE FORESTRY MAINTAINING AND EXPLOITATION PRACTICES
Ilie COVRIG1, Ioan OROIAN2*, Petru BURDUHOS2, Constantin ŞULEA2 ...........................153
EXPLOITATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATE FOR SOLIDSTATE FERMENTATION
Francisc Vasile DULF1,2*, Dan Cristian VODNAR3, and Monica Ioana TOŞA4 ......................154
13
STUDY ON THE SEA-BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.) PREPARATION
FORMS IN ORDER TO ITS NUTRITIO-PHARMACEUTICAL USE
Carmen Georgeta DUMITRESCU (MANOLE)1 .......................................................................155
A RELATIONAL DATABASE STRUCTURE FOR LINKING AIR POLLUTION LEVELS
WITH CHILDREN’S RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES
Daniel DUNEA1, Stefania IORDACHE1, Mihaela OPREA2, Tom SAVU3, Alin POHOATA1
and Emil LUNGU1 .....................................................................................................................156
RESULTS CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF THE PLANT DENSITY AND
FERTILIZATION ON THE SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS DENSITY (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS)
Florentina EREMIA*, Costică CIONTU ...................................................................................157
RESEARCH ON EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC CERTIFICATION
GROUP RADAIA VILLAGE, CLUJ COUNTY
Avram FITIU*............................................................................................................................158
STUDY CONCERNING THE IMPACT OF THE ORGANISMS OF PHYTOSANITARY
QUARANTINE ACTION UPON POTATO AND TOMATO CULTURES IN CLUJ AREA
Andrei FLEŞERIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Cristian MĂLINAŞ......................159
STUDY UPON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF UNCONVENTIONAL TREATMENTS
AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN POTATO CULTURES WITHIN TRANSYLVANIAN
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Cristian IEDERAN, Ioan OROIAN*, Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Sânziana PAULIUC .....................160
AIR QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION IN PLOIESTI URBAN AREA AFECTED BY
INDUSTRIAL AND TRAFFIC POLLUTION
Stefania IORDACHE1*, Daniel DUNEA1, Cornel IANACHE2, Laurentiu PREDESCU1 and
Dumitru DUMITRU1 ..................................................................................................................161
PHYTOTOXICITY OF LEAD ON LOLIUM PERENNE L AND LACTUCA SATIVA VAR.
CAPITATA L: EFFECTS OF GERMINATION AND GROUTH
Stela-Gabriela JELEA*, Marian JELEA ....................................................................................162
GREEN ROOFS – A TOOL FOR REDUCING THE URBAN HEAT ISLAND PHENOMENON
Adriana Lucia KADHIM-ABID1* and Carmina Constanța GHEORGHIȚĂ2 ...........................163
SALT AND SALT- HYDROGEN PEROXIDE INTERACTIONS ON WHEAT (TRITICUM
AESTIVUM L.) SEEDLINGS
Özlem KURT, Nuray ERGÜN*..................................................................................................164
RESEARCH REGARDING THE DIVERSITY OF THE SAPROBIONTE CATEGORIES IN
BEGA RIVER WATERS
Anca-Andreea MARIN1, Benoni LIXANDRU1, Milca PETROVICI2, Adrian SINITEAN2,
Florica MORARIU1, Dumitru POPESCU1 ................................................................................165
STUDIES ON THE FLIGHT OF RHAGOLETIS CERASI L. ADULTS IN TREATED AND
UNTREATED PLANTATIONS IN CLUJ-NAPOCA AREA
Laura Ioana MACAVEI¹*, Ion OLTEAN¹, Viorel MITRE², Ioan OPREAN³, Aurelia POP³,
Iuliana VASIAN³........................................................................................................................166
THE NATURAL REHABILITATION OF TAILING PONDS FROM CĂPUŞ, CLUJ
Aurel MAXIM1, Andrei STOIE1, Mignon SANDOR1, Lucia MIHALESCU2, Viorela PERŢEA1,
Stelian MARIS1 ..........................................................................................................................167
14
TESTING UNCONVENTIONAL TREATMENTS AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN POTATO
CULTURE WITHIN TRANSYLVANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN.......................168
APPRAISAL OF THE EMMERGING RISKS UNDER GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON
QUERCUS ROBUR SPECIES IN ROMANIA
Mihai MOLDOVAN*, Ioan OROIAN and Tania MIHAIESCU...............................................169
XENOBIOTICS IN LACTUCA SATIVA L.
Nicoleta MUNTEAN1, Edward MUNTEAN2*, Marcel DUDA1 ...............................................170
RISK ASSESSMENT PRACTICES APPLIED IN HYDRAULIC FRACKING TECHNIQUE
Antonia ODAGIU1, Ioan OROIAN2*, Ilie COVRIG2, Laura PAULETTE1 ..............................171
SOUNDSCAPE IN NORTH-EASTERN PART OF IASI CITY (SARARIE – TICAU
DISTRICT)
Ana Maria OIŞTE1*, Mihai Florin CONSTANTIN2, Dan Adrian CHELARU2 ........................172
RESULTS ON PARASITIC LEVEL OF LARVAE AND PUPAE OF CAMERARIA
OHRIDELLA DESCHKA-DIMIĆ
Ion OLTEAN1 Crsitina SOPORAN1, Vasile FLORIAN and Teodora FLORIAN1* .................173
THE PRESENT STATUS OF TRAFFIC NITROGEN OXIDES POLLUTION IN CLUJ –
NAPOCA
Ioan OROIAN1, Antonia ODAGIU1*, Ilie COVRIG2, Călin Ovidiu SAFIRESCU3 .................174
MONITORING PHYSIOPATHIES DEVELOPMENT IN ORNAMENTAL TREES LOCATED
IN HIGH TRAFFIC URBAN AREAS
Narcisa PENEGHI1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Antonia ODAGIU1, Ilie COVRIG2 ..............................175
MONITORING OF THE CROPS PESTS OF FORAGE LEGUMES IN THE AREA RACIU,
MURES
Petru Mihai PUSTAI, Ion OLTEAN, Teodora FLORIAN, Ilonka BODIS ...............................176
RESULTS REGARDING CONTROL OF SPECIES MONATHROPALPUS BUXI GEOFF BY
CAPTURING ADULTS WITH COLORED TRAPS
Cristina SOPORAN, Ion OLTEAN, Vasile FLORIAN and Teodora FLORIAN* .....................177
AMINO ACIDS IN BREWER’S YEAST INVOLVED IN HEAVY METAL BIOSORPTION
FROM WASTE WATER
Andreea STĂNILĂ1, Tania MIHĂESCU2* ...............................................................................178
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CHANGES UPON PEST ATTACK DEGREE IN OAK
FORESTS
Constantin ŞULEA1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Ioan TĂUT2, Ilie COVRIG2,
Petru BURDUHOS1 ...................................................................................................................179
STUDY REGARDING TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A TRADITIONAL
ROOF AND GREEN ROOF
Mihaela Simona VARVARĂ1*, Manfred KÖHLER2, Mihai VOEVOD1 and
Marcel DÎRJA1 ...........................................................................................................................180
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN SOIL: EXPOSURE AND HEALTH RISK
Ana VIRSTA, Mirela-Alina SANDU* ......................................................................................181
15
SESSION 3: FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
WHO REPRESENTS PLANT SCIENTISTS AT EUROPEAN LEVEL – HOW CAN YOU
HAVE A SAY?
Karin METZLAFF .....................................................................................................................182
POTENTIAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN FOOD PROCESSING
Henry JAEGER ..........................................................................................................................183
DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RISKS DURING THE WINEMAKING
PROCESS
Christian von WALLBRUNN1* .................................................................................................184
STUDY OF MEAT FREEZING PROCESS BY INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY AND
DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY
Pedro José FITO1* and Marta CASTRO-GIRÁLDEZ1 ..............................................................185
THE DRYING PROCEDURE: A CHALLENGE FOR STARTERS PRODUCTION
THIRY C., DELVIGNE F., DESTAIN J., EVRARD P., KARENZI E., THONART P. ..........186
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES EXTRACT AGAINST LIPID
PEROXIDATION IN CRUDE VEGETABLE OILS
Sanda ANDREI, Andrea BUNEA, Elena Andreea POP*, Francisc V. DULF and
Adela PINTEA ...........................................................................................................................187
INFLUENCE OF POLLEN, CHIA SEEDS AND CRANBERRIES ADDITION ON THE
SENSORY, PHYSICAL AND PROBIOTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF YOGURT
Sorin APOSTU, Carmen POP, Romina VLAIC, Anca FĂRCAS, Ancuţa M. ROTAR,
Andrei OPREA and Delia GHICĂṢAN.....................................................................................188
COMPARATIVE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF OREGANO AND ROSEMARY
EXTRACTS, RELATED TO THEIR PHENOLIC COMPOZITION
Florina BUNGHEZ1, Mihaela-Ancuta ROTAR1, Raluca Maria POP2,3, Florina ROMANCIUC1,
Florina CSERNATONI1,2, Florinela FETEA1, Zorita (Sconta) DIACONEASA1, Carmen
SOCACIU1,2* .............................................................................................................................189
PRELIMINARY DISCRIMINATION
SPECTROSCOPY
OF
CHEESE
ADULTERATION
BY
FT-IR
Lucian CUIBUS1*, Ruben MAGGIO2, Vlad MURESAN3, Zorita DIACONEASA1, Florinela
FETEA1 and Carmen SOCACIU1 ..............................................................................................190
STUDY ON PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENT OF SOME ROMANIAN AND FOREIGN
SOYBEAN VARIETIES
Daniela CENAN (PAŞC) 1*, Simona Elena IFRIM, Sevastiţa MUSTE1, Raluca REZI12, Eugen
MUREŞANU1 and Ioan HAŞ12 ..................................................................................................191
TRACEABILITY OF CAFTARIC AND COUTARIC ACIDS IN THREE VARIETIES OF
VITIS VINIFERA GRAPES DURING DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Carmen CHIRCU1, Sevastiţa MUSTE2*, Elena MUDURA2 Viorel MITRE3 and
Otilia BOBIS4 .............................................................................................................................192
BIOSYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES BY ALLIUM SATIVUM
Cristina COMAN1, Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1, Olivia-Dumitriţa RUGINĂ1, Pompei Florin
BOLFĂ2, Nicolae LEOPOLD3, Maria TOFANĂ1, Carmen SOCACIU1...................................193
16
COMPARATIVE LC-MS AND FTIR FINGERPRINTS OF TWO PROMEN FORMULAS
(POWDER AND MICROCAPSULES), AS FOOD SUPPLEMENTS FOR PROSTATE
DISEASES PREVENTION
Florina CSERNATONI1,2*, Carmen SOCACIU1, Raluca Maria POP2,3, Florina ROMANCIUC1,
Florinela FETEA1 and Floricuta RANGA1 .................................................................................194
ANALYSIS OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN
VARIOUS FRUITS CULTIVATED IN ROMANIA
Zoriţa DIACONEASA1*, Florica RANGA1, Dumitriţa RUGINĂ1, Loredana F. LEOPOLD1 and
Carmen SOCACIU1 ....................................................................................................................195
ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF AQUEOS AND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS
FROM URTICA DIOICA
Anca DICU, Claudiu URSACHI and Simona PERŢA-CRIŞAN ..............................................196
MEAT SALTING BY VACUUM IMPREGNATION TECHNOLOGY
Anca DICU1, Claudia MUREŞAN1 and Claudiu URSACHI1* ...............................................197
EVALUATION OF BIOFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS CONTENT FROM BREWED
COFFEE
Anca C. FĂRCAŞ1, Sonia A. SOCACI1*, Anamaria POP1, Maria TOFANĂ1 and Sevastiţa
MUSTE1 .....................................................................................................................................198
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS FOR EGG
POWDER
Roxana GAVRIL (RAŢU)1 and Marius Giorgi USTUROI .......................................................199
CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROMANIAN WINES BASED ON
ELEMENTAL AND ORGANIC FINGERPRINTS COUPLED WITH CHEMOMETRICS
Elisabeta-Irina GEANA1,2*, Andreea Maria IORDACHE1, Roxana Elena IONETE1 and
Camelia BALA2..........................................................................................................................200
FAMILY FARMS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR FOOD SECURITY
Mihaela KRUSZLICIKA1, Vergina CHIRIŢESCU1* and Daniela Ruxandra ANDREI2 ..........201
SERS AND CELLULAR BIOCOMPATIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF PEG AND BSA
COVERED GOLD NANOPARTICLES
Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1,2*, Zoriţa Maria DIACONEASA1 ,Cristina COMAN1, Oana Maria
BUJA3, Nicolae LEOPOLD3 and Carmen SOCACIU1 ..............................................................202
QUALITY CONTROL AND SENSORIAL ANALYSIS OF HONEY-BASED FUNCTIONAL
PRODUCTS
Adela LUCA1 and Laura STAN1*..............................................................................................203
THE IMPACT OF
CHARACTERISTICS
PRE-FERMENT
MACERATION
TECHNIQUES
ON
WINE
Ancuţa MOLDOVAN, Elena MUDURA* and Teodora Emilia COLDEA ...............................204
MOLECULAR COCKTAILS FORTIFIED WITH BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND
MICROENCAPSULATED PROBIOTIC BACTERIA
Mihaela Ancuţa MOLDOVAN, Dan Cristian VODNAR*, Oana Lelia POP and
Carmen SOCACIU.....................................................................................................................205
17
ASPECTS AND APPLICATIONS OF HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING IN FOOD
INDUSTRY
Mircea-Valentin MUNTEAN1*, Ovidiu MARIAN1, Giorgiana CATUNESCU1, Victor
BARBIERU1, Ioan DROCAS1 ...................................................................................................206
TEXTURE AND STABILITY OF SUNFLOWER HALVA PRODUCED FROM DIFFERENT
PARTICLE SIZE TAHINI
Vlad MURESAN*1, Lucian CUIBUS2, Anna OLARI1, Emil RACOLTA1, Carmen SOCACIU2,
Sabine DANTHINE3, Sevastita MUSTE1 and Christophe BLECKER3 ....................................207
METODS FOR ANALASING ORGANIC ACIDS FROM GRAPES AND WINES
Marius NICULAUA1*, Bogdan C-tin NECHITA2, Gheorghe ODĂGERIU2, Florin VĂRARU1,
Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU1 and Valeriu V. COTEA2 ..........................................................208
KNOWLEDGE OF CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF GATHERED EGGS FROM HENS
REARED IN CONVENTIONAL ANDFREE RANGE SYSTEM
Lucia Iuliana NISTOR (COTFAS)*, Aida ALBU and Marius Giorgi USTUROI .....................209
MONITORING THE EVOLUTION OF MAJOR CHEMICAL COMPOUND IN DAIRY
PRODUCTS DURING SHELF-LIFE BY FTIR
Adriana PĂUCEAN*, Dan VODNAR, Carmen SOCACIU and Simona MAN........................210
RESEARCH ON SOYBEAN AMINO ACIDS CONTENT
Anamaria POP* and Sevastita MUSTE ......................................................................................211
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT GROWTH CONDITIONS ON THE KEFIR GRAINS
PRODUCTION, USED IN THE KEFIRAN SYNTHESIS
Carmen POP1, Sorin APOSTU1, Liana SALANŢĂ1, Ancuţa M. ROTAR1, Marianne SINDIC2,
Nicolas MABON3 and Carmen SOCACIU1* .............................................................................212
STABILITY COMPARATON OF FREE AND ENCAPSULATED
CASEIATCC 393 IN YOGHURT FOR LONG TIME STORAGE
LACTOBACILUS
Oana L. POP1*, Dan C. VODNAR1, Oana CIUZAN2, Andreea NECHITA1, Carmen SOCACIU1
and Doru PAMFIL2 ....................................................................................................................213
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF SPREADABLE CREAMS
BASED ON ROASTED SUNFLOWER KERNELS AND COCOA OR CAROB POWDER
Emil RACOLŢA*1, Maria TOFANĂ2, Crina Carmen MUREŞAN2, Sonia SOCACI2 and
Vlad MUREŞAN1 ......................................................................................................................214
TOTAL CAROTENOIDS CONTENT IN MAIZE LANDRACES AND THEIR POTENTIAL
HEALTH APPLICATIONS
Stăncuţa SCROB1, Sevastiţa MUSTE1, Ioan HAŞ2, Crina MUREŞAN1*, Sonia SOCACI1 and
Anca FĂRCAŞ1 ..........................................................................................................................215
ROMANIAN FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS REVEAL HIGH DEPENDENCY ON
CONSUMER RELATED VARIABLES FOR MICROBIAL FOOD SAFETY RISK ANALYSIS
Florin SOPTICA1,3,*, Corina-Aurelia ZUGRAVU2 and Anca-Ioana NICOLAU1 .....................216
RAW MILK HYGIENE AT LOCAL MARKETS AND AUTOMATIC MILK DISPENSER
MACHINES
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA1, Arghir ILEA2, Lenuţa ŞUTEU1 and Teodora Emilia COLDEA1* ..........217
18
THE INFLUENCE OF THREE TYPE OF BREAD CONSUMPTION ON SATIETY
Ramona SUHAROSCHI1* ..........................................................................................................218
THE INFLUENCE OF RIPENING TIME AND MILK TYPE ON THE OVERALL
TEXTURAL QUALITY OF THE TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN BRINE CHEESE
Liliana TUDOREANU ...............................................................................................................219
THE ASSESSEMENT OF THE COMPOSITIONAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS OF SEVERAL MEAT PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED IN A SMALL
PROCESSING UNIT
Silviu VIDA, Marian MIHAIU, Alexandra TABARAN and Sorin Daniel DAN*....................220
PREDICTION OF AIRFLOW AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES INSIDE CONVECTIVE
SOLAR DRYER
Marian VINTILĂ1, Adrian-Gabriel GHIAUŞ2* and Viorel FĂTU2 ..........................................221
SESSION 4: HORTICULTURE AN FORESTRY
FLAVONOIDS: ANTIOXIDANTS FOR HUMAN HEALTH AND PLANT DEFENCE
Oscar VICENTE1* and Monica BOSCAIU2 ..............................................................................222
BREEDING VEGETABLES WITH IMPROVED BIOACTIVE PROPERTIES
Jaime PROHENS1*, Isabel ANDÚJAR1, Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Mariola PLAZAS1, Javier
HERRAIZ1, Dolores RAIGÓN2, Salvador SOLER1, Maria FIGÀS1, Adrián RODRÍGUEZBURRUEZO1, Ana FITA 1 and Santiago VILANOVA1............................................................223
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROOT SYSTEM
OF TWO MEDICINAL PLANTS, HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS AND PASSIFLORA
INCARNATA
Dimitrios BILALIS1*, Foteini ANGELOPOULOU1, Panagiota PAPASTYLIANOU1, Anestis
KARKANIS1, Ioanna KAKABOUKI1 and Aristidis KONSTANTAS1.....................................224
ΕFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
ROOT SYSTEM OF TWO MEDICINAL PLANTS, ORIGANUM VULGARE AND SILYBUM
MARIANUM
Foteini ANGELOPOULOU1, Panagiota PAPASTYLIANOU1, Aristidis KONSTANTAS1,
Ioanna KAKABOUKI1, Yolanda PAPATHEOHARI1 and Dimitrios J. BILALIS1* ...............225
BEHAVIOR OF SOME CAULIFLOWER HYBRIDS IN DIRECT SOWING CULTURE
Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1, Grigore ARDELEAN2, Alexandru Ioan APAHIDEAN1* and
Aniela Brandusa RUSU1 ............................................................................................................226
A LITERATURE REVIEW RELATED TO THE MODERN HARVESTING - FORWARDING
EQUIPMENT AND THE MAIN TOPICS CONCERN OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY
Andrei APĂFĂIAN1, Vasile BOGHIAN1 and Constantin Alexandru BRATU1 .......................227
THE EFFECT OF GA3 TREATMENT ON CALA (ZANTEDESCHIA ‘PICASSO’)
CULTIVATED IN GREENHOUSE
Ioana Cristina ARHIP (ÎNSURĂȚELU)1* and Lucia DRAGHIA1 ...........................................228
THE EGGPLANTS CROP TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION BY GRAFTING
Marian BOGOESCU1 and Madalina DOLTU1 ..........................................................................229
19
INFLUENCE OF ECO-CLIMATIC AND ECO-PEDOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON
QUALITY OF WHITE WINE GRAPE VARIETIES FROM NORTH-WEST OF ROMANIA
Florin-Dumitru BORA1, Tiberia-Ioana POP1, Claudiu-Ioan BUNEA1, Delia URCAN1, Anca
BABEŞ1, Leonard Mihaly-COZMUTA2, Anca Mihaly-COZMUTA2 and Nastasia POP1*......230
STUDY ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE GENOTYPE AND THE EXOGENOUS
FACTORS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ROOTING OF GLOXINIA CUTTINGS
Erzsebet BUTA1, Maria CANTOR1, Denisa HORŢ1 and Radu SESTRAŞ1* ...........................231
RESEARCH ON MAIN PESTS OF PLUM FRUIT PLANTATIONS
Gianina BUTNARIU1* and Mihai TĂLMACIU1 .......................................................................232
THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME PETUNIAS VARIETIES FOR IMPROVEMENT THE
ROMANIAN ASSORTMENT
Maria CANTOR1*, Erzsebet BUTA1 and Emese KRIZBAI1 .....................................................233
CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING THE POSSIBILITY TO IMPROVE THE ONION
(ALLIUM CEPA L.) CULTURE TECHNOLOGY BY DIRECT SOWING, IN THE SPECIFIC
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FROM GHERLA TOWN
Alexandru-Dan CǍPRARIU1, Maria APAHIDEAN1*, Valeria Ioana NEACSU1 and Alexandru
Ioan APAHIDEAN1 ...................................................................................................................234
ARCHITECTURAL
INTERVENTION
INSTALLATIONS
AND
THE
CITYSCAPE
–
PLACE,
IDEA,
Mihaela Agata CEHAN1 and Constanta Carmina GHEORGHITA1* ........................................235
LAGURUS OVATUS – ORNAMENTAL GRASS CULTIVATED IN THE PEDO-CLIMATIC
CONDITIONS OF N-E ROMANIA
Elena Liliana CHELARIU1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1, Maria BRÎNZĂ1 and
Mirela COJOCARIU1 .................................................................................................................236
RESEARCH ON STUDY OF SOME CULTIVARS OF AUTUMN CABBAGE AT IERNUT
SCDL
Lidia Ioana (CHIPER) POPA1, Elena ŞTEFĂNESCU1, Minerva HEITZ1, Janina-Claudia
CĂPUŞAN1*, Alexander-Kurt HEITZ1 and Elena Liliana DUMITRAŞCU1 ............................237
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS PLANT GROWTH MEDIA PREPARED WITH FRESH AND
AGED SPENT MUSHROOM COMPOST ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF
CRYSANTHEMUM (CHRYSANTHEMUM MORIFOLIUM)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2 and Gülay KARAHAN3 .....................................238
DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN SEVERAL TAGETES L. CULTIVARS
Raluca CICEVAN1*, Mohamad Al HASSAN2, Oscar VICENTE2, Monica BOSCAIU3, Adriana
SESTRAŞ1 and Radu SESTRAŞ1 ..............................................................................................239
THE CONCEPT OF GENIUS LOCI IN RELATION TO LANDSCAPE CHANGES
Alexandru CIOBOTA1*, Miroslava SLIACKA2, Vladimir OBRADOVICI1 ............................240
INVOLVEMENT OF THE GLYCINE-RICH RNA-BINDING PROTEINS (GRP) IN PLANT
ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONSE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN GRP 2 AND GRP 7
Oana CIUZAN1*, Simona-Laura LAZAR1, Mihai-Lucian LUNG1, Oana-Lelia POP1 and
Doru PAMFIL1 ...........................................................................................................................241
20
STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF SOME CONDITIONING TREATMENTS ON SOME
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN TĂMÂIOASĂ ROMÂNEASCĂ WINES
Cintia COLIBABA1*, Marius NICULAUA2, Florin VARARU1, Camelia LUCHIAN1,
Liliana ROTARU1, Valeriu V. COTEA1 ....................................................................................242
STUDIES ON IMPROVING THE DEGRADED PASTURE LANDS OF AREA BREBINA ZĂRNEŞTI
Alexandru COLIŞAR1*, Vasile CEUCA1, Ancuţa Maria IVAN2, Iancu CRĂCIUN3 and
Adela HOBLE1 ...........................................................................................................................243
RESEARCHES MADE
GREENHOUSES ROSES
TO
DETERMINE
THE
PEST
DAMAGE
LEVEL
ON
Ioana Andreea CONŢIU, Maria CANTOR* and Anca HUSTI.................................................244
QUALITATIVE TREE ASSESSMENT - BUCHAREST: PRIDVORULUI CASE STUDY
Diana Lavinia CULESCU1* and Claudia FABIAN2 ..................................................................245
LANDSCAPING PROPOSALS FOR OUTDOOR SPACES BELONGING TO "AL. I. CUZA"
UNIVERSITY OF IASI
Doina Mira DASCALU..............................................................................................................246
TILLAGE PRACTICES IN THE
SUSTAINABLE VITICULTURE
CONTEXT
OF
CLIMATE
CHANGE
AND
A
Alin DOBREI1*, Alina DOBREI1, Florin SALA2 and Eleonora NISTOR1 ...............................247
THE LANDSCAPE THROUGHOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK:
ROMANIAN CASE
Claudia FABIAN1* and Diana Lavinia CULESCU2 ..................................................................248
ECCLESIASTICAL LANDSCAPING IN IASI - ANALYSIS, QUALITY FACTORS AND
HIGHLIGHTING DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF ECCLESIASTICAL
GARDENS
Constanta Carmina GHEORGHITA1 and Mircea GRIGOROVSCHI1......................................249
STUDY REGARDING THE SUITABILITY
PERFORATUM L. ON ROCKWOOL MEDIA
OF
CULTIVATING
HYPERICUM
Radu Mircea GIURGIU1*, Gavril MORAR1, Adelina DUMITRAŞ1 and Eniko LACZI1 ........250
SOME ASPECTS OF OBTAINING NATURAL FRUIT JUICES BASED ON CARROTS
Tincuţa Marta GOCAN1*, Ileana ANDREICA1, Vasile LAZĂR1 and Ileana BOGDAN1.........251
A NEW PROBLEM FOR
(HEMIPTERA:FLATIDAE)
WESTERN
ROMANIA:
METCALFA
PRUINOSA
Ioana GROZEA1*, Mihai VLAD1, Alina GOGAN1, Ana Maria VIRTEIU 1, Ramona STEF1,
Alin CARABET 1, Snejana DAMIANOV 1and Teodora FLORIAN2 .......................................252
THE CURRENT STATE OF CHARACTERIZATION OF ROMANIAN VITIS VINIFERA L.
GERMPLASM BY MOLECULAR MARKERS
Monica HÂRȚA1* and Doru PAMFIL1 ......................................................................................253
RESEARCH ON A PRODUCTION BY VEGETATIVE SEEDLINGS IN THE NURSERY
PICEA PUNGENS MIHAI VITEAZU
Liviu HOLONEC1*, Maria-Andreea ROMAN1, Alina TRUŢA1, Anna-Maria SZÁSZ-LEN1 and
Florin REBREANU1...................................................................................................................254
21
EFFECTS OF FUNGICIDE AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID TREATMENTS ON
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES
Ramona Aurelia HOROTAN1* and Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1 ......................................255
RESULTS REGARDING THE PERFORMANCES OF GLADIOLUS HYBRIDS ON THEIR
PARENTS
Denisa Andreea HORŢ1, Maria CANTOR1*, Erzsebet BUTA1 and Adrian ZAHARIA1 .........256
EFFECT OF PENTAKEEP-V ON BEGONIA X TUBERHYBRIDA ‘NONSTOP’LINE
Szilvia KISVARGA1, Péter HONFI1 and Andrea TILLY-MÁNDY1 ........................................257
STUDY OF SOME HEADED CHINESE CABBAGE VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS GROWTH
AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTUMN OPEN FIELD CULTURE IN TRANSYLVANIAN
TABLELAND SPECIFIC CONDITIONS
Enikő LACZI1*, Alexandru APAHIDEAN1, Emil LUCA1 and Adelina DUMITRAŞ1 ............258
THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME ROSE CULTIVARS OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN AS CUT
FLOWERS IN NUTRITIVE SOLUTIONS
Vasile LAZĂR1, Rodica SIMA1*, Tincuţa GOCAN1 and Ilona ORBAN1 ................................259
PRELIMINARY RESEARCH REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF VERMICOMPOST
ON APHID CONTROL IN FRUIT GROWING
Laura Ioana MACAVEI1, Mihai LAZAR2*,Viorel MITRE2, Mircea VARGA1 and
Ion OLTEAN1 ............................................................................................................................260
ALLERGENIC AND TOXIC COMPOUNDS IN FLOWERING PLANTS
Cristina MIRCEA (ARSENE)1* and Lucia DRAGHIA1 ............................................................261
STATE OF VEGETATION IN OAK STANDS, DURING THE LAST FIVE YEARS, IN
NORTHWESTERN TRANSYLVANIA
Mircea MOLDOVAN1*, Aurel RODILĂ1, Valentin LUPȘAN1, Radu CARADAN1 and
Marin GHEORGHE1 ..................................................................................................................262
THE EFFECT OF BIOSTIMULATORS TREATMENT UPON SEED BREEDING OF ASTER
NOVI – BELGII
Mirela MURARIU (COJOCARIU)1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1 and
Elena Liliana CHELARIU1 ........................................................................................................263
STUDY OF AGE INFLUENCE OF SEEDLING AND PLANT PERIOD ON THE
PRODUCTION OF FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE VAR. AZORICUM)
Valeria Ioana NEACŞU1, Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1* and Anca Mariana HUSTI1 ........264
ASPECTS OF ORNAMENTAL VALUE OF VINCA MAJOR 'VARIEGATA' AND ARABIS
CAUCASICA DEEP ROSE SPECIES IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF CULTURE
Roxana NEGREA1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1 and Gheorghii CIOBOTARI1 ....................................265
PRISTIPHORA ABIETINA CHRIST., DEFOLIATOR IN RESINOUS FOREST STANDS OF
LUNCA BRADULUI FORESTRY DEPARTMENT
Ion OLTEAN1, Alexandru BEXA1, Teodora FLORIAN1 and Mircea Ioan VARGA1* ............266
EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF BIOMASS OF QUINOA
AND GREEN AMARANTH
Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU1*, Eleni TSIPLAKOU2, Ioanna KAKABOUKI3, Ilias
TRAVLOS1, Dimitrios BILALIS1, Dimitra HELA3 and George ZERVAS2 .............................267
22
THE INFLUENCE OF THINNING AGENT ON BASE OF 6-BA AND NAA ON
PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF „GALA MUST” VARIETY
Ananie PESTEANU* ..................................................................................................................268
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE AGROTEHNIC BEHAVIOR OF PERSPECTIVE
ELITES OBTAINED AT SCDVV BLAJ
Daniela POPESCU1*, Mariana LUPEAN1, Maria ILIESCU1, Cristian Claudiu CRISTEA1 and
Maria COMŞA1 ..........................................................................................................................269
DEVELOPMENT OF GENOMIC RESOURCES FOR SILVER FIR (ABIES ALBA MILL.) TO
UNDERSTAND THE EVOLUTION OF SPECIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE
Dragoş POSTOLACHE1,2*, Bruno FADY3 and Giovanni Giuseppe VENDRAMIN2 ...............270
STUDIES ON THE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS FROM A RANGE
OF LATE CABBAGE CULTIVARS CULTIVATED IN THE FIELD CONDITIONS AT THE
DIDACTIC STATION TIMISOARA (ROMANIA)
Gheorghe POȘTA1, Viorel BERAR1 and Marius BALINT1*....................................................271
FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF TRUNK BARK IN RELATION TO AGE OF TREES: CASE
STUDY IN PLUM
Florin SALA1* and Marius BOLDEA2 ......................................................................................272
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CLONAL MATERIAL OF THE VARIETY RIESLING ON
THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF LEAVES
Klaus SCHALLER1*...................................................................................................................273
RESEARCH ON TWO DRIVERLESS VEHICLES IN THE VINEYARD
Hans-Peter SCHWARZ1.............................................................................................................274
THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INPUTS ON YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS
OF GREENHOUSE CABBAGE
Rodica SIMA1, Dănut MĂNIUTIU1, Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1, Maria APAHIDEAN1,
Vasile LAZĂR1 and Nicuşor SIMA1*........................................................................................275
PILOT METHOD FOR PROPAGATING AN ASORTMENT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
USING WATER RETAINING STARCH POLYMERS
Valentin SINGUREANU1*, Gelu MOLDOVAN1, Ioana NEACŞU1 and Anca HUSTI1 ..........276
ASPECTS REGARDING THE PROPAGATION OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS ’COLUMNA’
USING DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES
Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Alina TRUTA1, Florin Alexandru
REBREANU1 .............................................................................................................................277
PRELIMINARY TESTING OF SRAP PRIMERS IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH GENETIC
DIVERSITY OF ASTRAGALUS EXSCAPUS L. SSP. TRANSSILVANICUS (BARTH) JAV
Katalin SZABO1*, Cristian Radu SISEA1, Rodica POP1, Monica BODEA1, Ioana Virginia
PETRICELE1, Alexandru Sabin BĂDĂRĂU2 and Doru PAMFIL1 ..........................................278
THE IMPROVEMENT OF GENERAL USE GREEN SPACES AND LAWNS IN THE
MUNICIPALITY OF BAIA MARE ACCORDING TO EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Beatrice Agneta SZILAGYI1*, Monica MARIAN2, Oana MARE- ROŞCA2, Lucia
MIHALESCU2 and Zorica VOŞGAN2 ......................................................................................279
23
PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC SEEDS IN POLAND
Magdalena SZPAKOWSKA1*, Roman HOŁUBOWICZ1 ........................................................280
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS ON ACORNS HEALTH AND GERMINATION
PERCENTAGE
Vasile ŞIMONCA1*, Ioan TĂUT 1 and Florin-Alexandru REBREAN1 .....................................281
DEFOLIATORS PRESENT IN HARDWOOD STANDS
TRANSYLVANIA AND THEIR FORECAST FOR 2014
OF
NORTH-WESTERN
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ŞIMONCA1, Liviu HOLONEC1, Tomescu ROMICA2, Alexandru
COLISAR1 and Mircea MOLDOVAN2 .....................................................................................282
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE VARIABILITY OF THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF
LETTUCE FROM V.R.D.S. BUZAU GERMPLASM COLLECTION
Eliza TEODORESCU1* ..............................................................................................................283
STUDIES ON SPIRAEA X VANHOUTEII PHENOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF SUN EXPOSURE
Raluca TOMA1 and Dumitru ZAHARIA1* ...............................................................................284
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE GERMINATION OF FORESTRY SEEDS USING
DIFFERENT CHEMICALS
Alina TRUŢA1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Maria HOLDIŞ1, Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1 and
Florin REBREANU1...................................................................................................................285
PROBLEMATISATION, METHOD OF ACHIEVING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN
POMICULTURE
Liana Maria VAC1, Sebastian-Călin VAC1*, Viorel MITRE1 and Ionel PAPUC1 .....................286
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPEMNT STRATEGIES FOR LIMITROPHE GREEN AREAS IN
THE PROSPECT OF FUTURE URBAN EXPANSIONS
Răzvan VASIU1*, Laura LUCA2 and Păuniţa BOANCĂ1..........................................................287
STUDY OF ELEMENTS VARIABILITY OF THE QUERCUS CERRIS
Oana VIMAN1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Alina TRUŢA1 and Daniel SOUCA1 ..............................288
EFFECT OF SPECIES ON THE MAINTENANCE OF SEEDLINGS ON ERODED LANDS IN
FRATA AMELIORATION PERIMETER, CLUJ COUNTY, IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER
PLANTING
Horia-Dan VLASIN1* and Liviu HOLONEC1 ..........................................................................289
A NUCLEAR-STOCK PLUM COLLECTION ESTABLISHED AT FRUIT RESEARCH
&DEVELOPMENT STATION BISTRIȚA, ROMANIA
Ioan ZAGRAI1* and Luminita ZAGRAI1 ...................................................................................290
RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE RESEARCHES REGARDING THE ROOTING OF
SEMPERVIVUM ROSETTES IN EXTERIOR CONDITIONS
Adrian ZAHARIA1*, Denisa Andreea HORŢ1, Maria CANTOR1 and Erzsebet BUTA1 .........291
24
SESSION 5: ECONOMICS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
ASSESSING WESTERN INFLUENCE ON EASTERN PRODUCERS THROUGH THE
CITIZEN/CONSUMER PARADOX
Stef AERTS1,2*............................................................................................................................292
SCENARIOS FOR BRIDGING UP THE PRODUCTIVITY GAPS ALONG THE ROMANIAN
VEGETABLE SUPPLY CHAIN
Cornelia ALBOIU1* ....................................................................................................................293
FOOD CONSUMPTION DIVERSITY IN ROMANIA
Cecilia ALEXANDRI1* ..............................................................................................................294
ANALYSIS OF THE EDUCATION SERVICES. CASE STUDY: MASTER FOOD IDENTITY
Felix H. ARION1, Iulia C. MURESAN1* and Adriana M. PASCALĂU1 ..................................295
DEVELOPMENTS OF CITRUS FOREIGN TRADE IN TURKEY
Hasan ARISOY1* and Gülcan ERAKTAN2 ...............................................................................296
STUDY REGARDING THE MARKETING ORIENTATION IN THE AGRO-FOOD
INDUSTRY FROM CLUJ COUNTY
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1*, Felix ARION1 and Daniel CHICIUDEAN1 ...................................297
PURCHASE AND CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR, DISTRIBUTION AND
STRATEGIES FOR BAKERY PRODUCTS(CASE STUDY IN IASI STORES)
SALES
Aurel CHIRAN1*, Elena GÎNDU1, Andy-Felix JITĂREANU1 and Ştefan VIZITEU1 ..............298
DEVELOPMENT OR UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIAN RURAL AREAS AFTER
EUROPEAN UNION INTEGRATION?
Vergina CHIRITESCU1*, Mihaela KRUSZLICIKA1 and Daniela Ruxandra ANDREI2 ..........299
MOBILITY IN THE ROMANIAN RURAL SPACE
Mihai CUCERZAN1* .................................................................................................................300
LIMITING FACTORS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGION OF FRUŠKA GORA
Sanja ĐUKIĆ1*, Radovan PEJANOVIĆ1 and Adriana RADOSAVAC1 ...................................301
ECONOMIC VALUATION
LITERATURE REVIEW
OF
EUROPEAN
PUBLIC
RECREATION
AREAS:
A
Diana E. DUMITRAS1*, Mugurel I. JITEA1 and Marioara ILEA1 ............................................302
VILLAGE IN THE REGION – UNIQUE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF JEBUCU
Tibor FARKAS1*, Cristina-Bianca POCOL2 and Zsuzsanna KASSAI3 ....................................303
THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS MARKET – A
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Bogdan FLEACĂ1, Elena FLEACĂ1* and Andreea DUMITRESCU1 ......................................304
RESEARCH REGARDING THE REPUTATIONAL RISK OF OIL AND GAS COMPANIES
OPERATING IN ROMANIA BUSINESS MARKET
Elena FLEACĂ1, Bogdan FLEACĂ1* and Andreea DUMITRESCU1 ......................................305
ROMANIAN INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Camelia GAVRILESCU1* ..........................................................................................................306
25
THE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS APPLICATION IN INCREASING THE
COMPETITIVENESS OF HIGH VALUE ADDED HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF
THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Artur GOLBAN1* .......................................................................................................................307
RESEARCH ON PRECISION AGRICULTURE - A NEW CHALLENGE FOR ROMANIAN
AGRICULTURISTS (A CASE STUDY)
Ioan GRAD1, Codruţa GAVRILĂ1, Camelia MĂNESCU1, Teodor MATEOC1 and
Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB1* ........................................................................................................308
THE ROMANIAN MILK MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF QUOTA REMOVAL – A
POTENTIAL TO BE EXPLORED BY INVESTORS
Mariana GRODEA1*...................................................................................................................309
THE STATE FACT OF THE RURAL AREA OF THE KURDISTAN REGIONAL
GOVERNMENT
Rezhen HARUN1*, Iulia C. MURESAN1, Felix H. ARION1 and Diana E. DUMITRAS1 ........310
RESOURCES OF THE REGION IN THE FUNCTION OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT OF MONTENEGRO
Sreten JELIĆ1*, Mersida JANDRIĆ1, Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ and Zoran MILOVANČEVIĆ1 ......311
THE ROMANIAN LAND MARKET IN THE PRE AND POST ACCESION PERIOD. IS IT
PERMISIVE OR PROHIBITIVE FOR THE NEW INVESTMENTS?
Ionel-Mugurel JITEA1* and Diana-Elena DUMITRAS1 ............................................................312
PERSPECTIVES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN
VOJVODINA THROUGH THE SECTOR OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS
Milica MARČETA¹*, Ljiljana KEČA¹ and Sreten JELIĆ².........................................................313
STUDY ON THE ROLE OF PROTECTION CURTAINS IN THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITIES
Camelia MĂNESCU1*, Ioan GRAD1, Teodor MATEOC1 and Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB1 ......314
SOCIO -ECONOMIC ASPECTS IN SUBSISTENCE HOUSEHOLD FARMS FROM CLUJ
COUNTY
Valentin MIHAI1*, Mugurel JITEA1, Inge PAULINI2 and Mihaela MIHAI1 ............................315
QUALITY ESTIMATION OF THE TOURISM SERVICES. STUDY CASE: PRAID SALT
MINE
Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Felix H. ARION1, Roxana E. OLTEAN1 ..............................................316
A CONSIDERATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN BELIS-FANTANELE
AREA
Vasile Lucian NAS1* and Sebastian-Calin VAC1.......................................................................317
STUDY ON FRUIT MARKET IN ROMANIA
Ioana NICULAE1*, Georgiana Melania COSTAICHE1 and Reta CONDEI1 ............................318
WHAT CAN GEORGESCU-ROEGEN TELL US TODAY? ON REPRODUCTION
PRODUCTION, AND SUSTAINABILITY IN PEASANT ECONOMY MODELLING
Ernst-August NUPPENAU1* ......................................................................................................319
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ROMANIA: A REGIONAL EVALUATION
Cristina Bianca POCOL1* and Călin MOLDOVAN-TESELIOS2 .............................................320
26
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE VALUES CHAINS - OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRADE
Mirela-Adriana RUSALI1* .........................................................................................................321
EVOLUTIONS IN E-COMMERCE
Marius-Mircea SABAU1* ...........................................................................................................322
TOURIST ROUTES “WINE ROAD” IN THE NORTH AND CENTER OF MOLDOVA
Liviu VACARCIUC*, Olga MOGALDEA ................................................................................323
INFLUENCE OF OPTIMIZATION CRITERIA ON LEVEL OF USE MECHANIZATION
AND LABOUR FORCE IN CATTLE PRODUCTION
Grujica VICO1*, Zoran RAJIĆ2, Sreten JELIĆ2 and Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ2 .................................324
ORGANIZATIONAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF BEFF
CATTLE PRODUCTION ON FAMILY FARMS
Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ1, Zoran RAJIĆ1, Sreten JELIĆ1, Zoran MILOVANČEVIĆ1 and
Bojan DIMITRIJEVIĆ1*............................................................................................................325
SESSION 6-7: ANIMAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES
THE IMPORTANCE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
TRADITIONAL
AGRICULTURE
FOR
SUSTAINABLE
Stefano GREGO* .......................................................................................................................326
WILD AND MANAGED HONEY BEES IN AFRICA, IMPACT ON COLONY HEALTH
Robin M. CREWE*....................................................................................................................327
PERSPECTIVES FOR HIGH NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY IN RUMINANT FEEDING
Martin GIERUS*........................................................................................................................328
REASONS FOR HONEYBEE COLONY DECLINES: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Robin F.A. MORITZ*.................................................................................................................329
CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER (CAPE) IN ROMANIAN PROPOLIS
Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ, Daniel DEZMIREAN, Flaviu DRÂGLĂ and Otilia BOBIŞ* .........330
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE FATTY ACIDS CONTENT IN TURKEY MEAT
Paul C. BOIŞTEANU, Marius M. CIOBANU and Roxana LAZĂR*......................................331
IMPACT OF NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES ON HONEYBEE IMMUNITY
Gennaro DI PRISCO*, Emilio CAPRIO and Francesco PENNACCHIO..................................332
EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION AT NILE TILAPIA WITH THYMUS
VULGARIS, TRIGONELA FOENUM GRAECUM
AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA ON
WELFARE STATUS
Alina ANTACHE*, Victor CRISTEA, Iulia GRECU, Lorena DEDIU, Mirela CREŢU, Elena
BOCIOC and Ştefan M. PETREA .............................................................................................333
THE BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF AQUACULTURE NILE TILAPIA MUSCLE
TISSUE, IN CONDITION OF SOME PHYTOBIOTICS ADMINISTERED IN FEED
Alina ANTACHE*, Victor CRISTEA, Lorena DEDIU, Iulia GRECU, Ştefan M. PETREA and
Alexandru C. BANDI.................................................................................................................334
27
REVIEW – WATER TREATMENT CAPACITY
OF DIFFERENT HYDROPONIC
MODULES INTEGRATED IN RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Alexandru C. BANDI1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Ştefan M. PETREA1, Lucian GEORGESCU2,
Lorena DEDIU1 and Dragoş DIACONU1 ..................................................................................335
DETERMINATION OF MILLING MODULE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF CONCENTRATES FEEDS
Victor BǍRBIERU*, Mircea MUNTEANU and Adriana DAVID ............................................336
HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE JUVENILE CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO, L. 1758)
REARED INTO A RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM WITH PROBIOTICS
SUPPLEMENT
Elena BOCIOC1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Neculai PATRICHE2, Iulia GRECU1, Alina ANTACHE1
and Mirela (CREŢU) MOCANU1 ..............................................................................................337
STUDIES REGARDING THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON A PERMANENT
GRASSLAND IN PETROVA, MARAMUREŞ
Adela l. BOTIŞ*, Gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA, Doru CRISTE, Iulia MEDREA and
Bogdan FĂGĂDAR ...................................................................................................................338
REVIEW –A LIFE FOR NOBEL PRIZE: REMEMBER GEORGE EMIL PALADE
Mirela E. CADAR* and Mircea GABOREANU .......................................................................339
THE INFLUENCE OF REFRIGERATION METHOD
BROILER MEAT QUALITY
AND MATURATION TIME IN
Marius M. CIOBANU*, Roxana LAZĂR, Emanuiel C. DIACONU, Nicoleta GĂINĂ
(DIACONU) and Paul C. BOISTEANU ....................................................................................340
COMPARISON OF CRANIOMETRIC FEATURES BETWEEN DOMESTIC PIG (SUS
SCROFA FORMA DOMESTICA)
AND WILD BOAR (SUS SCROFA) FROM
TRANSYLVANIA REGION
Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Viorica COŞIER, Daniel COCAN and Vioara MIREŞAN*.......341
TEXTURE PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS IN HORSE MEAT
Emanuiel C. DIACONU*, Roxana LAZĂR, Nicoleta GĂINĂ (DIACONU), Marius M.
CIOBANU and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU.......................................................................................342
ESTIMATION OF PHENOTIPICAL SUPERIORITY FOR SLAUGHTER EFFICIENCY IN
TWO GENETIC TYPES OF MEAT HYBRIDS FROM ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS
Dorel DRONCA1*, Nicolae PACALA1, Ioan BENCSIK1, Teofil OROIAN2, Vasile CIGHI2,
Rasvan POPA3, Ada CEAN1, Adela MARCU1 and Alexandru DRONCA4 .............................343
OVERVIEW REGARDING THE BIOACTIVITY
NEPETA CATARIA SPECIES
OF AGASTACHE FOENICULUM AND
Simona DUDA, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ, Dan DEZMIREAN and Otilia BOBIŞ* ................344
ASPECTS OF THE WELFARE OF DAIRY COWS IN FARMS WITH TIED BREEDING
SYSTEM AND ACTION OF THE UPSTREAM FACTORS. PART I
Cristina El MAHDY1*, Silvana POPESCU2, Cristin BORDA2 and Anca BOARU1 ...............345
CHARACTERIZATION OF COLORIMETRIC PARAMETERS IN CATTLE MEAT
Nicoleta GĂINĂ (DIACONU)*, Roxana LAZĂR, Emanuiel C. DIACONU, Marius M.
CIOBANU and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU.......................................................................................346
28
DANUBE SALMON (HUCHO HUCHO) IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE: A
REVIEW FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE
REHABILITATION AND CONSERVATION OF DANUBE SALMON POPULATIONS
Andrada IHUŢ1, Andreas ZITEK2, Steven WEISS3, Clemens RATSCHAN4, Thomas
KAUFMANN5, Georg HOLZER6, Daniel COCAN1, Radu CONSTANTINESCU1 and
Vioara MIREŞAN1* ...................................................................................................................347
RESEARCH REGARDING THE HABITAT INFLUENCE OVER GLYCOGEN AMOUNT IN
FARMED AND WILD RAINBOW TROUT
Mădălina I. IORDACHE1*, Eugen UNGUREANU2, Emanuel MĂGDICI1, Cătălin E. NISTOR1
and Benone PĂSĂRIN1 ..............................................................................................................348
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ULTRASOUND IN VIVO
AND CARCASS
EVALUATION OF SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION IN ROMANIAN BREED LAMBS
Cristina LAZĂR*, Mihail Al. GRAS, Rodica PELMUS and Elena GHIŢĂ.............................349
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EVOLUTION OF FRESHNESS STATE OF EUROPEAN
CATFISH MEAT STORED IN REFRIGERATED FORM
Emanuel MĂGDICI* Cătălin E. NISTOR, Ionuţ B. PAGU, Mădălina I. IORDACHE, Aida
ALBU, Gabriel V. HOHA and Benone PĂSĂRIN ....................................................................350
HISTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT AN INTESTINAL LEVEL IN LAYING QUAILS
FED WITH FODDERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT ADDITIVES (SEL-PLEX,
ACTIGEN AND BIO-MOS)
Teodor I. MĂLDĂRĂŞANU1*, Aurel ŞARA1, Mihai BENŢEA1 and Cǎlina CREŢA2 ..........351
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BEE POLLEN ETHANOLIC AND METHANOLIC
EXTRACTS ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIAL STRAIN
Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1*, Bogdan
GHERMAN1, Flore CHIRILĂ2 and Otilia BOBIŞ1 ...................................................................352
ETHNOZOOTECHNY -A COMPONENT OF GEOECONOMY
Marcel MATIUTI1*, Alexandru T. BOGDAN2 and Carmen MATIUTI3 ..................................353
THE EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF SOYBEAN MEAL WITH LUPINE SEED (LUPINUS
ALBUS VR. ENERGY) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS IN
TURKEYS
Daniel MIERLIŢĂ* ...................................................................................................................354
RESEARCH ON THE INCIDENCE, ANATOMICAL-CLINICAL, PROPHYLACTIC AND
THERAPEUTIC PANEL IN AN OUTBREAK OF CNEMIDOCOPTIC SCABIES OF THE
LEGS IN LAYING HENS
Octavian NEGREA1, Camelia RĂDUCU1*, Vioara MIREŞAN1, Mirela CADAR1, Octavia
NEGREA2 and Aurelia COROIAN1 ..........................................................................................355
RESEARCH REGARDING MINERAL CONTENT
DIFFERENTIALLY FEED
OF RAINBOW TROUT MEAT
Ionuţ B. PAGU*, Cătălin E. NISTOR, Emanuel MĂGDICI, Alin C. BARBACARIU, Ciprian
POLENSCHI and Benone PĂSĂRIN ........................................................................................356
THE PRODUCTIVE RESPONSE OF HENS EXPOSED TO HEAT STRESS
Monica PÂRVU*, Ioana C. ANDRONIE, Violeta E. SIMION and Adriana AMFIM.............357
29
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF SILKWORM EGGS
Ioan PAŞCA1, Emilia M. FURDUI2*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2, Dan DEZMIREAN2, Dana
PUSTA1, Adrian CÎMPEAN1, Mihai BORZAN1 and Adrian MACRI1.....................................358
DEGRADATION DEGREE OF POLYPHENOLS
TEMPERATURE OF THE GRAPE POMACE
DEPENDING
ON
DRYING
Silvia M. PASCARIU1, Ioan M. POP1*, Aida ALBU1 and Rodica PAŞA2...............................359
A STUDY OF NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN AN INTEGRATED STELLATE STURGEON
AND SPINACH AQUAPONIC SYSTEM WITH DIFFERENT CROP DENSITIES
Ştefan M. PETREA1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lorena DEDIU1, Feng LIU2, Maria CONTOMAN1,
Paul LUPOAE3, Alina ANTACHE1 and Alexandru C. BANDI1 ...............................................360
THE NITRATE AND NITRITE LEVELS FROM BOTH SPINACH AND STELLATE
STURGEON MEAT IN AN AQUAPONIC INTEGRATED SYSTEM
Ştefan M. PETREA1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lorena DEDIU1, Feng LIU2, Paul LUPOAE3, Alina
ANTACHE1, Alexandru C. BANDI1 and Marian T. COADĂ1 .................................................361
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN-ANIMAL POSITIVE INTERACTION IN DOGS –
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Denisa POP1*, Alina S. RUSU2, Vlad POP-VANCIA1, Ionel PAPUC3, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU1 and Vioara MIREŞAN1*.......................................................................362
GENETIC PARAMETERS ESTIMATES FOR MILK YIELD,
MOZZARELLA PRODUCTION IN ROMANIAN BUFFALO
MILK QUALITY AND
Răzvan POPA1*, Dana POPA1, Livia VIDU1, Cristiana DIACONESCU1, Vasile BĂCILĂ1,
Adrian BOTA2 and Dorel DRONCA3 ........................................................................................363
INFLUENCING FACTORS OF THE EXPORT OF ROMANIAN BEE PRODUCTS
Anca A. POPOVICI1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1 and
Marioara ILEA2 ..........................................................................................................................364
COMPETITION JUMPING HORSES: EFFECTS OF AGE, SEX AND BREED ON THE
FEI/WBFSH WORLD RANKING
Anca ROMAN-POPOVICI*, Dan SUMOVSCHI and Ioan GÎLCĂ .........................................365
PSYCHOSOCIAL CORRELATES OF HUMAN-ANIMAL AND ADAPTATION ON
ROMANIAN LANGUAGE OF “ATTITUDES TOWARD ANIMALS” QUESTIONNAIRE
(TURNER, 2010)
Alina S. RUSU1*, Ciprian OBER2*, Dennis TURNER3, Vlad C. MUREŞAN1, Dragoş ILIESCU4
and Andrei D. MIHALCA2 ........................................................................................................366
METHODS TO IMPROVE THE NUTRITION OF BROOK TROUT (SALVELINUS
FONTINALIS M.) BY USING FODDER ADDITIVES (BIO-MOS, NUPRO, SEL-PLEX)
Aurel ŞARA1*, Mihai BENŢEA1, Alina ANI2 and Marin BREJE1 ...........................................367
MILK PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SAANEN GOATS RAISED UNDER
INTENSIVE CONDITIONS IN KONYA/ TURKEY PROVINCE
Vahdettin SARIYEL1* and Birol DAĞ2 ....................................................................................368
GENERAL QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR BEE PRODUCTS USED IN APITHERAPY
Ştefan STÂNGACIU1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2, Daniel DEZMIREAN2, Victoriţa BONTA2*,
Rodica MĂRGĂOAN2 and Otilia BOBIŞ2 ................................................................................369
30
SUPPORT FOR ORGANIC BEEKEEPING IN ROMANIA: A VIEW FOR THE NEXT
RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMING PERIOD
Sorin L. ŞTEFĂNESCU1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2, Monica DUMITRAŞCU1 and
Roxana VIDICAN2 .....................................................................................................................370
INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED EFFECTS
OF EXOGENOUS ENZYMES ON
RHEOLOGICAL AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WHEAT-MILLET
FLOUR BLENDS
Iuliana APRODU, Manuela VASILE and Iuliana BANU* .......................................................371
HONEYBEES AS A MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF XENOBIOTICS, A FORAY INTO THE
STUDY OF ANTIVIRAL EFFECT OF PROPOLIS
Adriana C. AURORI, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN* and Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ........................372
ANTIBIO-RESISTANCE STUDY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAINS ISOLATED
IN ALGERIAN HOSPITALS
Mohamed BACHIR-PACHA1*, A. BOUYOUCEF1, R.R. TRIKI-YAMANI1, H. KHALED1, F.
TEGGAR2 and F. TACHET3......................................................................................................373
A MOLECULAR APPROACH FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT RESISTANCE
RAPESEEDS’ GENOTYPES BASED ON SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION
Oana M. BOLDURA* and Sorina POPESCU ...........................................................................374
IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES FROM PLANTS
Marian BUTU1, Steliana RODINO1,2*, Petruta PETRACHE2 and Alina BUTU1 ....................375
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HEATHER HONEY (CALLUNA VULGARIS) AGAINST
DIFFERENT HUMAN PATHOGENS
Daniel DEZMIREAN1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Flore CHIRILĂ2, Nicodim FIŢ2, Bogdan
GHERMAN1, Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1, Adriana AURORI1 and Otilia BOBIŞ1* .....................376
EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE FROM
PRUNUS DOMESTICA
Elena IONIŢĂ*, Nicoleta STĂNCIUC, Gabriela BAHRIM and Gabriela RÂPEANU ...........377
UNTARGETED LC-QTOF (ESI+) MS ANALYSIS
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF
PROSTATE CANCER IN HUMAN BLOOD SERUM, AS COMPARED WITH PROSTATE
SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
Roxana MAXIM1, Raluca M. POP 2,3, Florina ROMANCIUC1 and
Carmen SOCACIU1,2*................................................................................................................378
ACCELERATING CLONAL MULTIPLICATION OF ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS THROUGH
IN VITRO CULTURE
Abdul MUJIB*, Tasiu ISAH, Dipti TONK, Muzamil ALI and Javed AHMAD.......................379
LC-QTOF (ESI +) MS APPLIED FOR TARGETED PROFILING
AMINO ACIDS
OF HUMAN URINE
Florina ROMANCIUC1*, Raluca M. POP 2,3 and Carmen SOCACIU1,2 ...................................380
HONEY STERILIZATION AND MEAD PRODUCTION
Andreea C. ŞARBA1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1 and Adrian TIMAR2 ....................................381
THE EFFECT OF PRE-SLAUGHTER RESTING TIME ON MEAT QUALITY, IN BOARS
AND GILTS
Claudiu SIMA1, Ronald KLONT2, Lourens HERES2 and Vioara MIREŞAN1* .......................382
31
EFFECT OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM PLUMS
Mihaela TURTURICĂ*, Gabriela RÂPEANU, Nicoleta STĂNCIUC and
Gabriela BAHRIM .....................................................................................................................383
AVERAGE VALUES AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS OF QUALITATIVE MILK
PARAMETERS IN CARPATINĂ GOAT, ESTIMATED FUNCTION OF GENOTYPES
FROM ΑS1–CASEIN LOCUS
Bogdan VLAIC, Valentin A. BĂLTEANU, Viorica COŞIER and Augustin VLAIC*............384
SESSION 8: VETERINARY MEDICINE - FUNDAMENTAL AND PRECLINICAL
SCIENCES
BOVINE PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 13 EXPRESSION IN THE UROTHELIAL BLADDER
TUMOURS OF CATTLE
Franco ROPERTO1*...................................................................................................................385
CHARACTERISATION OF MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA STRAINS ISOLATED FROM
RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX OF RUMINANTS
László FODOR1*........................................................................................................................386
THE 1;29 ROBERTSONIAN TRANSLOCATION IN TWO ANDALUSIAN INDIGENOUS
BREEDS CATTLE
Miguel MORENO MILLAN1* and Sebastian DEMYDA PEYRAS1 .......................................387
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOME WATER-SOLUBLE NUTRIENTS IN EGGS FROM
VARIOUS SPECIES
Sanda ANDREI1*, Andrea BUNEA1, Cristina ŞTEFANUŢ2 and Camelia TULCAN3.............388
IMMUNOCASTRATION IN PIGS AND ITS EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
Ioana ANDRONIE1, Monica PÂRVU1, Costi NITU1, Viorel ANDRONIE1 .............................389
THE COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE RENAL CLEARANCE FOR TWO
PRODUCTS BASED ON PYRANTEL, ON A GROUP OF CATS USED IN A
BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY
Alexandra ARION1, István TÖRÖK2, Ferenc NAGY2, Annamária IMRE2, Francisc Andrei
BODA2, Cristina STEFĂNUT1, Iulia BALACI1 and Laurenţ OGNEAN1.................................390
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FODDER VEGETAL OIL ON GROWTH RATE,
CARCASS TRAITS AND MEAT COMPOSITION RELATIONSHIP IN RABBIT
Rosalie BĂLĂCEANU*1, Iuliana CODREANU2, Nicolae DOJANĂ2,
Mara GEORGESCU3 .................................................................................................................391
TRIPLE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY OF IMMUNE-MEDIATED HEMOLYTIC
ANEMIA IN A DOG: CASE-REPORT
Ildikó BARABÁSI1, Alexandra ARION1 and Laurent OGNEAN1* .........................................392
MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS POLYMORPHISM IN EPULIS
Adina Bianca BOŞCA1, Aranka ILEA1, Alina Simona SOVREA1, Anne Marie CONSTANTIN1,
Flavia RUXANDA2, Vasile RUS2*, Cristian RATIU3 Viorel MICLĂUŞ2 ................................393
THE INVESTIGATION SHEDDING OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS ON DOMESTIC
PIGEONS IN THE HATAY REGION
Gamze Ozge OZMEN1, Hasan SOLMAZ2, Zafer CANTEKİN1* ..............................................394
32
CLASSIFYING PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS OF HUMAN ORIGIN IN MDR,
XDR AND PDR BY DETERMINING THE RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS FROM SEVEN
GROUPS
Oana – Alexandra CIOCAN (MOȚCO)1*, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE1, Carmen – Valentina
PANZARU2 and Elena PETRARU3 ...........................................................................................395
STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF AD DIEE BIOPHYTOMODULATORS ON CARTILAGE
REGENERATION IN A LEPORIDAE MODE
Cristian Mihăiyă CRECAN1*, Daniela Claudia OROS1, Liviu Ioan OANA1, Bogdan
SEVASTRE1 and Ancu DINCĂ2* .............................................................................................396
MUSCLE DISTRIBUTION IN TUNICA MEDIA OF SOME ARTERIES IN LAMBS
Dalma CSIBI1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1, Cristian MARTONOŞ1, Cristian DEZDROBITU1, Vasile
RUS1*, Flavia RUXANDA1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ..........................................................................397
THE EFFECT OF BLOOD AND MILK SERUM ZINC CONCENTRATION ON MILK
SOMATIC CELL COUNT IN DAIRY COWS
Ivana DAVIDOV1*, Mihajlo ERDELJAN1, Miodrag RADINOVIĆ1, Zorana KOVAČEVIĆ1 and
Željka JURAKIĆ2 .......................................................................................................................398
THE EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL VITAMIN D ADMINISTERING ON THE CALCIUM
METABOLISM IN ADULT LAYING HENS
Nicolae DOJANĂ1*, Caludia PREDA, Rosalie BĂLĂCEANU1, Costin BUDICĂ .................399
ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF HONEY, TREATED BY HEAT
AND ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
Nicodim Iosif FIŢ1*, Flore CHIRILĂ1, George NADĂŞ1, Octavian NEGREA1, Otilia BOBIŞ1
and Liviu MĂRGHITAŞ1 ...........................................................................................................400
CASES WITH HYPERPLASIA AND NEOPLASIA IN ENDOCRINE GLANDS IN DOGS
Adrian Florin GAL1, Viorel MICLĂUȘ1, Marian TAULESCU1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN1,
Andras NAGY1, Cosmina BOUARI1, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU1, Roxana CORA1,
Cornel CĂTOI1 ...........................................................................................................................401
THE MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION
ANTIANGIOGENETIC THERAPY IN RATS
OF
WALKER
256
TUMORS
AFTER
Alexandra IRIMIE1*, Attila Tamas SZORA2, Mihai SOCACIU2, Alexandru Flaviu
TĂBĂRAN1, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU1, Cornel CĂTOI1 ......................................................402
MOLECULAR DETECTION OF MAJOR ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS IN HYALOMMA
AEGYPTIUM TICKS
Zsuzsa KALMÁR 1*, Attila D. SÁNDOR1, G. D’AMICO1, D. I. MĂRCUŢAN1, A.D.
MIHALCA1, V. COZMA1 ..........................................................................................................403
DISTRIBUTON OF THE TERMINALS OF THE DESCENDING ABDOMINAL AORTA IN
CHINCHILLAS
Cristian MARTONOS1*, Cristian DEZDROBITU1, Vasile RUS1, Viorel MICLĂUȘ1, Irina
IRIMESCU1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ..................................................................................................404
THE ECONOMICAL IMPACT OF REPRODUCTION PATHOLOGY, IN A DIARY CATTLE
FARM FROM TRANSILVANIA
Vasile MUNTEAN1*, Liviu BOGDAN1 and Ioan MARCUS1 ...................................................405
33
THE SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBIOTICS OF SOME BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED
FROM COW MILK WITH MASTITIS
George Cosmin NADǍŞ1*, Nicodim FIŢ1, Flore CHIRILǍ1, Cosmina BOUARI1, Sorin
RĂPUNTEAN1, Vasile RUS1 ....................................................................................................406
ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS (AGES), MARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF
DIABETES IN RATS
Loredana Elena OLAR1*, Razvan STEFAN2, Cristian BERCE3, Dana CIOBANU4, Ionel
PAPUC1 ......................................................................................................................................407
X-RAY IMAGING OF FEMORAL BONE DEFECTS IN RATS TREATED WITH AD DIEE
BIOPHYTOMODULATORS
Daniela OROS1*, Liviu OANA1, Cristian CRECAN1, Ancu DINCĂ2 ......................................408
SALIVARY NITRO-OXIDATIVE STRESS AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-9 IN
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH PERIODONTITIS
Ciprian DALAI1, Alina Elena PÂRVU2*, Camelia DALAI1, Sandu Florin ALB3, Camelia ALB4,
Alina ORMENIȘAN5, Ciprian SILAGHI6 and Ovidiu PÂRVU7 ..............................................409
XANTHOPHYLLS’ ESTERS – CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Adela PINTEA1*, Andrea BUNEA1, Sanda ANDREI1 .............................................................410
STATISTICAL INFERENCES REGARDING THE GENETIC DETERMINISM OF THE
EMBRYO-FETAL LOSSES IN COWS
Dana Liana PUSTA1, Rodica SOBOLU2, Ioana POP2 ...............................................................411
MORPHOSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HASSALL’S CORPUSCLES IN
LAMB
Vasile RUS 1, Adrian GAL1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Bianca BOSCA2, George NADĂS1, Cristian
RATIU3, Viorel MICLĂUS1* ....................................................................................................412
IMPACT OF ISOFLURANE AND SEVOFLURANE
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN RATS
ANESTHESIA
ON
KIDNEY
Flavia RUXANDA1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1*, Vasile RUS1, Adrian GAL1 and Liviu OANA1 ......413
DISTRIBUTION
OF
ANTIBIOTIC
RESISTANCE
STAHPYLOCOCCI FROM BOVINE MASTITIS
GENES
IN
ISOLATED
Zafer CANTEKIN1, Gamze Ozge OZMEN1, Melek DEMIR1, Zeynep YILMAZ ER1, Kemal
Gurturk2, Hasan SOLMAZ3*, İsmaik HAKKI EKIN2, Dilek OZTURK4, Yasar ERGUN5 .......414
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS IN A SUBCARPATHIAN MOUNTAIN RANGE ON
FAT AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF RAW MILK FROM INDIGENOUS BREED
Rodica SOMESAN1, Laurent OGNEAN2*, Diana POPA1 ........................................................415
ANATOMICAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE CECUM IN RABBITS AND CHINCHILLAS
Florin STAN1* ............................................................................................................................416
SOME MICROBIOLOGICAL INDEXES OF PIG AND SHEEP CARCASSES
Ruslan ANTOCI1, Nicolae STARCIUC1 ...................................................................................417
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE POPULATION
OF RUMEN PROTOZOA IN DOMESTIC RUMINANTS
Laura Cristina ŞTEFĂNUŢ1, Laurenţ OGNEAN1*, Şerban NICULESCU1,
Pompei BOLFĂ2 ........................................................................................................................418
34
EXPOSURE OF MOUSE PERITONEAL RESIDENT MACROPHAGES TO PRISTINE
MWCNT PROMOTE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE PRODUCTION AND ACUTE
CYTOKINE RESPONSE
Flaviu TABARAN 1*, Teodora MOCAN2, Lucian MOCAN2, Andras NAGY1, Marian
TAULESCU1, Adrian Florin Gal1, Cornel CĂTOI1 ...................................................................419
MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SEGMENTS OF THE
OVIDUCT IN CHICKEN
Cătălin TODIREANU1*, Corneliu COTEA1, Carmen SOLCAN1 and Pieter CORNILLIE2 .....420
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE UROTHELIAL
TUMORS IN CATTLE
Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU¹, Marian TAULESCU¹, Simona VISAN², Cornel CATOI¹ ...........421
CRANIOMORPHOMETRIC FEATURES OF THE SKULL IN RACOON (PROCYON
LOTOR) AND RING-TAILED COATI (NASUA NASUA)
Radoslav MIHAYLOV1, Rosen DIMITROV2, Kamelia STAMATOVA–YOVCHEVA2 and
David YOVCHEV2*...................................................................................................................422
RADIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF HEAD PATHOLOGY
Glad MORAR1*, Radu LACATUS1, Robert Cristian PURDOIU1, Ionel PAPUC1 ...................423
INFLUENCE OF VITASIL FOOD ADDITIVE TO CARP FISH NATURAL IMMUNE
FACTORS
Tsvetoslav KOYNARSKI1*, Alexander ATANASOV1 and Lilyan SOTIROV1 .......................424
SESSION 9: VETERINARY MEDICINE - CLINICAL SCIENCES
FIRST DETECTION OF LEISHMANIA RNA VIRUS 1 IN BIOPTIC SAMPLES FROM TWO
DOGS WITH MEDITERRANEAN CANINE LEISHMANIASIS
Roberta LUCÀ1, Franco ROPERTO2, Sante ROPERTO3*........................................................425
EFFECTS OF ELLAGIC ACID ON RAM SPERM PARAMETERS DURING LIQUID
STORAGE
Mustafa Numan BUCAK 1*, Kenan ÇOYAN2, Nuri BAŞPINAR3, Şükrü GÜNGÖR1, Şükrü
DURSUN4 and Mihai CENARIU5 .............................................................................................426
SEROPREVALANCE OF CANINE BRUCELLOSIS AND TOXOPLASMOSIS IN FEMALE
AND MALE DOGS AND REALTIONSHIP TO VARIOUS FACTORS (PARITY, ABORTION,
PYOMETRA)
Osman ERGENE1*, Ibrahim KUCUKKASLAN2, Bekir CELEBI3, Omer M. ESENDAL4, Selim
ASLAN1 .....................................................................................................................................427
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC
HYDROCEPHALUS
ASPECTS
IN
DOGS
WITH
CONGENITAL
Mihaela ARMASU1, Gabriela Dumitrita STANCIU1, Mihai MUSTEATĂ1, Diana MOCANU1,
Gheorghe SOLCAN1 ..................................................................................................................428
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF MASTITIC MAMMARY GLAND IN BITCHES
Iulia Maria BALACI1*, SimonaCIUPE1, A. R. Pop1), Laura PARLAPAN1, Alexandra ARION1,
I. VASIU1, R. PURDOIU1, I. PAPUC1, Ioan Ştefan1GROZA1 ..................................................429
35
CYTOMORPHOLOGIC ASPECTS IN THE CANINE MAMMARY GLAND NEOPLASM
Emilia BALINT1*, N. MANOLESCU1, D. LASTOFKA1, A. SUPEANU2 ..............................430
STUDY REGARDING QUALITY OF SHEEP OOCYTES BEFORE AND AFTER IN VITRO
MATURATION
Anamaria BLAGA PETREAN1, Liviu BOGDAN2*, Hussam ARYAN2, Sanda ANDREI3, Ioan
PAŞCA4, Ileana BOGDAN5, Sidonia BOGDAN6 and Aurel VASIU7 ......................................431
BCL-2 AND P53 PROTEINS ARE ABERRANTLY EXPRESSED IN NATURALLY
OCCURRING BOVINE CUTANEOUS FIBROPAPILLOMAS
Florentina BOCANETI1*, Gennaro ALTAMURA2, Annunziata CORTEGGIO2, Elena
VELESCU1, Giuseppe BORZACCHIELLO2 ............................................................................432
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ROMOXITOCIN
PRODUCT IN UTERINE ATONY AND RETAINED PLACENTA IN COWS
Liviu BOGDAN1, Anamaria BLAGA PETREAN2*, Iancu MORAR1, Simona CIUPE1, Iulia
BALACI1, Ioan PAŞCA3, Aurel VASIU4 and Sidonia BOGDAN5 ...........................................433
RESPIRATORY DISEASES OF CALVES ON DAIRY COWS FARM
Jovan BOJKOVSKI1, Dubravka MILANOV2, Ana VASIĆ1, Nemanja ZDRAVKOVIĆ1, Dragan
ROGOŽARSKI3, Nataša PROKIĆ1 and Sanja KORICA4 .........................................................434
SEROPREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIAL INFECTION IN SMALL RUMINANTS IN THE
REGION OF KSAR EL-BOUKHARI (ALGERIA)
S. MERDJA1, A. BOUYOUCEF1*, H. KHALED1, A. DAHMANI1, K. RAHAL1 ...................435
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF SHIGA TOXIN-PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI
CAUSING HUMAN ILLNESS
Liora COLOBĂȚIU1, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN2, Simona MIREL1, Marian MIHAIU2.............436
COMPOSITIONAL STUDIES ON ADDED SUBSTANCES IN MEAT PRODUCTS
DESTINED FOR PUBLIC CONSUMPTION
Ionut CORDIŞ1, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Soin Daniel DAN1, Bogdan PIVARIU1, Darius
CORDEA1, Oana REGET1, Carmen MURESAN1 and Marian MIHAIU1 ................................437
THE EVALUATION OF THE FERTILITY IN STALLIONS USED FOR NATURAL
BREEDING
Iancu MORAR1, Ioan Ştefan GROZA1, Melania Ioana CRIŞAN2* and
Alexandra DREANCĂ1 ..............................................................................................................438
OVARIAN DISEASES PREVALENCE STUDY ON COWS WITHIN A FARM IN
NORTHEASTERN MOLDOVA
Ioana Cristina CRIVEI1, E. RUGINOSU2, D. DRUGOCIU1, P. ROSCA1 ................................439
RISK ASSESSEMENT REPRESENTED BY PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
REGARDING THE INCIDENCE OF FOODBOORNE ILNESSES IN CLUJ COUNTY
DURING 2013
Sorin D. DAN*1, M. MIHAIU1, Liora MIHAIU 2, D. CORDEA1, I. CORDIŞ1 and
Alexandra LĂPUŞAN1 ...............................................................................................................440
RESEARCH REGARDING PRELEVATION AND PREPARATION OF PORCINE SMALL
INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA FOR CORNEAL RECONSTRUCTION IN DOGS AND CATS
Ioana Alina DÎRLEA1*, Aurel MUSTE1, Forin BETEG1, Loredana HODIş1, Teodor STROE1,
Reka VARGA1 ...........................................................................................................................441
36
HUMAN-ANIMAL RELATIONSHIP ASSESSMENT IN HORSES (EQUUS CABALLUS)
WITH DIFFERENT USES
Eva-Andrea DIUGAN1*, Marina SPINU1 and Silvana POPESCU2 ..........................................442
MODELLING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TWO HARD TICK SPECIES
(RHIPICEPHALUS ANNULTUS AND HYALOMMA MARGINATUM) IN THE CONTEXT OF
A CHANGING CLIMATE
Cristian DOMȘA1*, Attila D. SANDOR1 and Andrei MIHALCA1 ...........................................443
VARIATIONS IN STANDARD BLOOD COUNT AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN
DOGS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Ozana Maria DULMAN1, Alina ANTON1, Gheorghe SOLCAN1............................................444
IXODID TICKS ATTACKING RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM ROMANIA:
ECOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND CARRIED PATHOGENS
Mirabela Oana DUMITRACHE1*, Gianluca D’AMICO1, Ioana Adriana MATEI1, Angela
IONICĂ1, Călin Mircea GHERMAN1, Sándor SIKO-BARABASI2, Dan Traian IONESCU 3,
Miruna OLTEAN1, Anamaria BALEA1, Ioana Cristina ILEA4, Attila David SÁNDOR1, Andrei
Daniel MIHALCA1.....................................................................................................................445
COMPARISON OF PCR AND CULTURE METHODS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF SUBCLINICAL
MASTITIS IN DAIRY CATTLE
Zafer CANTEKIN1, Yasar ERGUN2*, Gokhan DOGRUER2, Mustafa Kemal SARIBAY2,
Hasan SOLMAZ3 .......................................................................................................................446
RESEARCH REGARDING THE USE OF VASCULAR PROSTHESIS IN PIGS
Loredana HODIŞ1* Aurel MUSTE1, Forin BETEG1, Ioana DÎRLEA1, Teodor STROE1, Marius
MUSTE1, Reka VARGA1...........................................................................................................447
HUMAN DIROFILARIA REPENS INFECTION IN ROMANIA: HOW MUCH DO WE
REALLY KNOW?
Angela Monica IONICĂ1*, Andrei Daniel MIHALCA1 ............................................................448
PREVALENCE OF BABESIA SPP. IN TICKS COLLECTED ON WILD MIGRATORY
BIRDS, IN DANUBE DELTA, ROMANIA
Ioan-Daniel MĂRCUŢAN1*, Attila David SÁNDOR1, Zsuzsa KÁLMAR and
Vasile COZMA1 .........................................................................................................................449
COMPOSITIONAL STUDIES ON ADDITIVE CONCENTRATIONS FOUND IN MEAT
PRODUCTS MARKETED IN A REGIONAL AREA
Marian MIHAIU1, Alexandra TǍBǍRAN1, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Romolica MIHAIU2, Oana
REGET1, Ionut CORDIs1, Darius CORDEA1 and Carmen MURESAN1 ..................................450
AUTONOMIC
DISTURBANCE
POLYRADICULONEURITIS
IN
ACUTE
CANINE
IDIOPATHIC
Diana MOCANU1, Gabriela-Dumitrita STANCIU1, Mihaela ARMAŞU1, Mihai MUSTEATĂ1
and Gheorghe SOLCAN1 ...........................................................................................................451
COMPARATIVE STUDY
TECHNIQUES IN MARES
CONCERNING
THE
ARTIFICIAL
INSEMINATION
Iancu MORAR1, Ioan Ştefan GROZA1, Melania Ioana CRIŞAN2* and Iulia BUCUR1 ............452
EFFICACY OF TPO IN UNILATERAL COXOFEMORAL DYSPLASIA IN DOG
Marius MUSTE1, Aurel TĂNASE2, Ionel PAPUC1, Florin BETEG1, Aurel MUSTE1, Radu
LĂCĂTUŞ1, Teodor STROE1 ....................................................................................................453
37
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF E. COLI ISOLATED FROM TRANSYLVANIAN
POULTRY FARMS
Mihaela NICULAE1*, Marina Spînu1, Anamaria Ioana PAŞTIU1, Iosif VASIU1, Aikaterini
DASKALAKI1, Alexandru NAGY1, Constantin Ioan MATEŞ2 and Emoke PALL1 ................454
INTRAPERITONEAL ONLAY MESH (DYNAMESH) FIXATION FOR ASSESSMENT OF
HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN A RABBIT MODEL
Ciprian OBER1, Cornel CĂTOI2, Liviu OANĂ1, Cosmin PEŞTEAN1, Lucia BEL1, Răzvan
CODEA1 and Marian TAULESCU2 ...........................................................................................455
SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION EVALUATED BY ELISA,
IFAT AND MAT
Anamaria Ioana PAŞTIU1, 2*, Adriana GYÖRKE2, Isabelle VILLENA3, Mihaela NICULAE1,
Emoke PÁLL4, Marina SPÎNU1 and Vasile COZMA2...............................................................456
CONSTRUCTION AND TITRATION OF A RECOMBINANT CANINE ADENOVIRUS
EXPRESSING THE RABIES G PROTEIN
Remus G. PLEŞCA1, Bernard KLONJKOWSKI2 and Gheorghe SĂVUŢĂ1* .........................457
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE MOLECULAR TESTING OF BASSET HOUND DOGS
FOR DETECTING PMDS
Alexandru Raul POP1*, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN2, Ioan GROZA1 ..............................................458
ROCURONIUM USE IN ANESTHETICS PROTOCOL IN CANINE PATIENT WHIT
ORTHOPEDIC DISEASE
Cristian Paul POPOVICI1*, Mircea MIRCEAN1, Iuliu SCURTU1, Ciprian OBER2,Cosmin
PESTEAN, Bogdan SEVASTRE3, Liviu OANA2 .....................................................................459
HEALTH STATUS OF BOARS USED IN REPRODUCTION
Dragan ROGOŽARSKI1, Jovan BOJKOVSKI2, Nataša PROKIĆ2,
Teodora VASILJEVIĆ3 ..............................................................................................................460
MICROBIAL RISK ASSESSEMENT OF THE CONTAMINATION LEVEL OF BOVINE
AND PORK CARCASSES SLAUGHTERED IN AN ABATTOIR IN MARAMUREŞ COUNTY
Raul RAŢ1, Marian MIHAIU1, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1 and Sorin Daniel DAN1* ...................461
HISTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF CERAMIC IMPLANT TOLERABILITY IN RABBIT
FEMUR
Cristian RAŢIU 1, Simona CAVALU1, Adina Bianca BOŞCA2, Flavia RUXANDA3, Vasile
RUS3*, Viorel MICLĂUŞ3 .........................................................................................................462
EVALUATION OF MEAT PRODUCTS BY IDENTIFYING COUNTERFEITS WITH
GENETICALLY MODIFIED SOY DNA, IN A DEFINED AREA
Oana-Lucia REGET1*, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Ionut CORDIS1, Darius
CORDEA1, Carmen ȚIBOACĂ1, Marian MIHAIU1 .................................................................463
FELINE HYPERSOMATOTROPISM, AN IMPORTANT CAUSE FOR THE FAILURE OF
INSULIN THERAPY
Madalina ROSCA1*, Mihai MUSTEATA1, Carmen SOLCAN1, Gabriela Dumitrita STANCIU1,
Gheorghe SOLCAN1 ..................................................................................................................464
DOGS’ BRAIN ELECTRIC ACTIVITY IN ETHYLENE GLYCOL POISONING
Paula M. SAFTENCU*1, G. D. STANCIU1, M. MUSTEATĂ1, S. I. BEȘCHEA CHIRIAC1, S.
A. PAŞCA1, G. SOLCAN1 .........................................................................................................465
38
ASPECTS CONCERNING THE ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIOLOGY TESTING OF
GROUND MEAT IN A MEAT PROCESSING FACILITY
Adrian-Anton SĂLĂGIAN FLOREA1, 2*, Marian MIHAIU1 and Ioan PASCA1* ...................466
PREVALENCE OF ENZOOTIC BOVINE LEUKOSIS IN BULGARIA
Nikolay SANDEV1*, Darinka ILIEVA2, Nikolina RUSENOVA1,
Valentina MARASHEVA2 .........................................................................................................467
WEST NILE VIRUS SEROPREVALENCE STUDY-FIRST STEP IN THE INFECTION RISK
ASSESSMENT
Luanda LUDU (OȘLOBANU)1, Anca PÂSLARU1, Gheorghe SAVUȚA1 ..............................468
CONGENITAL AORTIC STENOSIS IN A GERMAN SHEPHERD – CASE REPORT
Iuliu SCURTU1*, Gavril GIURGIU1, Cristian POPOVICI1, Florin BETEG2,
Mircea MIRCEAN1 ....................................................................................................................469
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL
POLYRADICULONEURITIS
ASPECTS
IN
IDIOPATHIC
ACUTE
CANINE
Gabriela-Dumitrita STANCIU1*, Mihai MUSTEATĂ1, Mihaela ARMASU1, Paula Maria
SAFTENCU1, Gheorghe SOLCAN1 ..........................................................................................470
OBSERVATION REGARDING HOOF BLOCKS USE IN DAIRY COWS
Teodor Florian STROE1*, Aurel MUSTE1, Florin BETEG1, Ioana DÎRLEA1, Loredana HODIŞ1
and Reka VARGA1.....................................................................................................................471
IDENTIFICATION OF POLYMORPHISM IN GOAT AND SHEEP DGAT1 GENE
ASSOCIATED WITH MILK PRODUCTION TRAITS
Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Romolica MIHAIU2, Bogdan PIVARIU1,
Ionut CORDIS1, Darius CORDEA1, Oana REGET1, Carmen MURESAN1 and
Marian MIHAIU1 .......................................................................................................................472
INFLUENCE OF HEPATOPROTECTIONS ON THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN
FATTENING PIGS
Teodora VASILJEVIĆˡ, Ištvan ŠOMOĐI1, Nenad STOJANAC2, Radoslav DOŠEN3, Dušan
LALOŠEVIĆ4, Zdravko TOMIĆ5, Žarko AVRAMOV1............................................................473
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: KEY THERAPY IN KIDNEY FAILURE
DOGS
IN SMALL SIZED
Bogdan Alexandru VIŢĂLARU1*, Cătălin MICŞA1, Alin BÎRŢOIU1 ......................................474
SESSION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTICS SCIENCES
ASSESSMENT OF THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND OF SURFACES SUITABLE FOR
BIORETENTION SYSTEMS IN DIFFERENT SITES IN TERMS OF LAND USE
Păuniţa BOANCĂ1*, Emil LUCA1, Adelina DUMITRAŞ1, Marcel DÎRJA1, Laura LUCA2 and
Georgeta BURDUHOS1 .............................................................................................................475
AMELIORATION PERIMETER SURVEY, FRATA (CLUJ COUNTY)
Cristian Aurelian BUTA, Marcel DIRJA, Adela HOBLE*) .......................................................476
IMPLICATIONS OF ROAD STRUCTURE DESIGN USING DIFFERENT APPROACHES
Rodica Dorina CADAR1, Mihai ILIESCU1 and Nicolae CIONT1*...........................................477
39
UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS CONSERVATION USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING
TECHNIQUE
Mariana CALIN1, Bogdan ERGHELEGIU1 , Raluca MANEA1 , Ana VIRSTA2 and Tudor
SALAGEAN3* ............................................................................................................................478
UZING WHEAT STRAW IN CONSTRUCTION
Dana Maria CANTOR(ANDREȘ)1*, Daniela Lucia MANEA2 ................................................479
THE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF VEGETATION COVER FROM CETATUIA HILL SOTHERN SLOPE (CLUJ-NAPOCA) ALTER BY EROSION PROCESS
Marcel DIRJA, Rodica BADESCU, Emil LUCA, Adela HOBLE* ...........................................480
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC
RECONSTRUCTION
SYSTEMS
AND
METHODS
OF
3D
OBJECTS
Lucian DRAGOMIR1 and Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*......................................................................481
STUDY REGARDING THE WOOD BEAMS RESPONSE TO STATIC AND DYNAMIC
LOADING
Marius Serban FETEA ...............................................................................................................482
RESEARCH ON TIME BEHAVIOUR ON SOIL EROSION CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH
GEODETIC-SURWEY METHODS ON GIS SUPPORT
Tiberiu GOLGOŢIU...................................................................................................................483
STUDY OF MICRORELIEF FACTOR OF RAIN EROSION FROM CETATUIA HILL SOTHERN SLOPE (CLUJ-NAPOCA) ALTER BY EROSION PROCESS
Adela HOBLE1*, Marcel DIRJA1, Maria-Olivia MOLDOVAN2, Dan AMARIEI2...................484
ASPECTS CONCERNING THE PROCESSING OF OBSERVATIONS IN SUPPORT
NETWORKS RELATED TO HYDROPOWER OBJECTIVES
Mircea ORTELECAN1, Ioana POP1, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Paul SESTRAŞ1 and
Nicolae POP1 ..............................................................................................................................485
THE USE OF UAV’S IN TOPO-CADASTRAL MEASUREMENTS
Maricel PALAMARIU1*, Elena Ioana PEUNA1 and Alexandra DREGHICI1..........................486
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE USING SPSS
Ioana POP, Aurel DAMIAN, Oana MLEȘNIȚE*, Florica MATEI ...........................................487
THE INFLUNENCE
GERMINATION
OF
MAGNETIC
FIELD
ON
SILYBUM
MARIANUM
SEED
Marta Florina POP*, Simona Laura INOAN, Anca Ioana DINU, Horia Radu CRIVEANU.....488
THE GEOLOCATION ACCURACY OF LIDAR FOOTPRINT
Gabriel POPESCU1, Daniela IORDAN2 ....................................................................................489
THE INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD THOUGH PROCESS OF SEED
GERMINATION PAULOWNIA TOMENTOSA
Ancuta RADU(TENTER)*, Horia Radu CRIVEANU, Simona Laura INOAN,
Florina Marta POP......................................................................................................................490
40
ASPECTS REGARDING THE POSSIBILITY OF REHABILITATION OF A REVERSIBLE
DRAINAGE-IRRIGATION AUTOMATIC SYSTEM IN JUCU-BONŢIDA AREA, CLUJ
COUNTY
Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Teodor RUSU2, Lucian DRAGOMIR3, Mircea ORTELECAN1, Ioana
POP1, Raluca MANEA4 and Paul SESTRAŞ1 ...........................................................................491
CONSIDERATIONS ON CROPS IMAGE ANALYSIS BY THE USE OF MULTISPECTRAL
REMOTE SENSING
Teodor TODERAŞ1, Nicolae POP2 ............................................................................................492
THE BEHAVIOR STUDY OF LANDSCAPED SLOPES RELATED WITH IULIUS MALL
CLUJ NAPOCA GREEN SPACE
Mihai VOEVOD1*, Marcel DÎRJA1, Adela HOBLE1, Mihaela Simona VARVARA1, Ancuta
TENDER1 and Istvan Botond SZILAGY1 ..................................................................................493
TEACHING INNOVATION THROUGH INTERNATIONAL STAFF MOBILITY AT
UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE VALÈNCIA
Claudio BENAVENT, Vicente CASTELL*, Nemesio FERNANDEZ, Penny MACDONALD,
Immaculada MARCO, Rosa PUCHADES, Debra WESTALL .................................................494
PROMOTING INQUIRY LEARNING IN BIOLOGY LESSONS - A STRATEGY TO
INTRODUCE HUMAN REPRODUCTION ISSUES
Gabriel GORGHIU1*, Mihaela ANGHEL2 and Laura Monica GORGHIU1 .............................495
THE INCARCERATED PARENT’S CHILD PSYCHO-SOCIO-EDUCATIONAL STATUS
AND AFFECTIVE ENVIRONMENT
Andrea MÜLLER-FABIAN* .....................................................................................................496
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES AND INTERNATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Rodica Silvia STAN1, Elvira OROIAN1, Mihaela MIHAI1, and Livia BRADEA2* .................497
POSTER PRESENTATIONS...........................................................................................................498
SESSION 1: AGRICULTURE
THE INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND CLIMATIC FACTORS ON THE QUALITY OF
SPRING BARLEY GROWN IN NORTH EAST BARAGAN
Nicoleta AXINTI* and G.A. CIOROMELE ..............................................................................499
CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY THE FLAVONOID COMPOSITION OF TWO
BRASSICACEA OF ALGERIAN SOUTH FOLEYOLA BILLOTTI AND SINAPIS ARVENSIS
Selma BARRIS*, Fatima MOUSSAOUI, Atika SEDKAOUI and Aicha BELKEBIR ..............500
RESEARCH REGARDING WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) RESISTANCE TO
TILLETIA CARIES (D.C.) TUL. INFECTION
Andreea-Mihaela BĂLĂU*, Eugen ULEA ................................................................................501
THE FREQUENCY OF XYLOPHAGOUS FUNGI IN A PLUM PLANTATION FROM
REGHIN AREA
Valentin BEREKMERI, Raluca MICLEA and Carmen PUIA* ................................................502
41
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS AND THE
WOOD DECAY FUNGI IN THE PLUM PLANTATIONS
Valentin BEREKMERI, Raluca MICLEA, Carmen PUIA* ......................................................503
DYNAMICS OF THE FOLIAR PIGMENTS CONTENT IN SOME TOMATO CULTIVARS
FROM EAST ROMANIA UNDER SALT STRESS
Mihaela BOLOGA (COVAȘĂ)*, Carmen Doina JITĂREANU, Cristina SLABU,
Alina Elena MARTA..................................................................................................................504
WEED CONTROL STRATEGIES TESTING IN WHEAT CROP FROM CENTRE OF
TRANSYLVANIA
Ileana BOGDAN1, Felicia CHEŢAN1,2*, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Mircea IGNEA2 .......................505
THE MYCORRHIZATION INVOLVEMENT IN THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THREE
POTATO VARIETIES IN TERMS OF AN ARTIFICIAL INFECTION WITH FUSARIUM
SAMBUCINUM FUCKEL
Ioana Daniela BORCA, Carmen Emilia PUIA* .........................................................................506
THE ADDITIONAL MYCORRHIZATION EFFECT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF
POTATO PLANTS
Ioana Daniela BORCA, Carmen Emilia PUIA* .........................................................................507
THE STUDY OF SOIL RESOURCES FROM DUMBRĂVEŞTI AREA, PRAHOVA COUNTY,
TO CAPITALIZE THEIR BEST FOR AGRICULTURAL USE
Mariana BURCEA, Marian MUSAT*, Daniela CREŢU and Andrei IOVA..............................508
RESEARCH ON DEGRADATION PROCESSES BY SOIL EROSION IN THE PLAPCEA
CATCHMENT, OLT COUNTY
Mariana BURCEA1*, Emil GEORGESCU2, Marian MUSAT1 and Daniela CREŢU1 ..............509
COMPARED ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT
CROP TECHNOLOGY. A CASE STUDY
Daniela CREŢU*, Andrei Radu IOVA and Mariana BURCEA.................................................510
TECHNICAL ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF FIELD CROP TECHNOLOGIES, BY
ECONOMETRIC METHODS. CASE STUDY
Daniela CREŢU*, Andrei Radu IOVA.......................................................................................511
THE INFLUENCE OF PRECURSORY PLANT ON AUTUMN WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY
FROM LONG - TERM EXPERIENCES
Valeria DEAC1, Ioan ROTAR2*, Anamaria MĂLINAŞ2 ...........................................................512
RESEARCH ON A MACHINE SPRAY UNIFORMITY OF SPRAYING TARAL 200 PITON
TURBO
Andreea DIACONU*, Ioan ȚENU, Petru CÂRLESCU and Radu ROȘCA...............................513
STUDY OF THE SOIL RESPIRATION AND EVAPORATION OF TEN SOYBEAN
VARIETIES IN THE FIELD CONDITIONS FROM SCDA TURDA
Zamfira DINCĂ, Roxana VIDICAN* and Mignon ȘANDOR...................................................514
RESEARCH ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPECIES PORTULACA OLERACEA IN
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Aurora DOBRIN1*, Cătălin GALAN2 ........................................................................................515
42
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FATTY ACIDS AND MACRO-AND MICROELEMENTS
FROM SALVIA HISPANICA, PORTULACA OLERACEA, NIGELLA SATIVA AND
CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS
Aurora DOBRIN1, Cătălin GALAN2 .........................................................................................516
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND GRAIN SIZE FOR
CORN GRINDING USING THE HAMMER MILL MB 7.5
Ioan DROCAS*, Ovidiu MARIAN, Ranta OVIDIU, Adrian MOLNAR,
Mircea MUNTEAN....................................................................................................................517
THE INFLUENCE OF HUMIC FERTILIZER ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND
PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN CROP, IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE
MOLDAVIAN PLATEAU
Daniel Costel GALEȘ*, Gerard JITĂREANU ...........................................................................518
THE INFLUENCE OF HUMIC FERTILIZER ON SOYBEAN YIELD AND ECONOMIC
EFFICIENCY IN MOLDAVIAN PLATEAU
Daniel Costel GALEȘ*, Gerard JITĂREANU ...........................................................................519
FENOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELATED TO SETARIA GLAUCA L. SPECIES
Ştefania GÂDEA*, Ileana BOGDAN .........................................................................................520
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STORAGE CONDITIONS AND THE POSIBILITY TO
PRESERVE THE HYGIENICAL QUALITY OF ALIMENTARY FEEDING PRODUCTS –
PIG MEAT
Mariana GHERMAN, Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA, Adriana MOREA* ................................................521
RESEARCH REGARDING ALTERNARIA BRASSICAE
BIOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY AND CONTROL
FUNGUS
ON
MUSTARD:
Liviu GRUIA, Cristinel Relu ZALĂ* and Stelica CRISTEA ....................................................522
EVALUATION OF FOLIAR RESISTANCE TO PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS IN SOME
POTATO VARIETIES AND CLONES IN NIRDPSB BRASOV
Manuela HERMEZIU1*, Gavrilă MORAR2, Radu HERMEZIU1, Maria ŞTEFAN1, Sorina
NIŢU1 .........................................................................................................................................523
RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME MAIZE HYBRIDS (ZEA MAYS) UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL LINKSAT FUNDULEA, CĂLĂRAŞI COUNTY
Valentina Gabriela LAZIN*, Costica CIONTU..........................................................................524
THE PRECISION AND ACCURACY OF THE GPS SYSTEM USED IN AGRICULTURE
Ovidiu MARIAN*, Ioan DROCAS, Ovidiu RANTA, Adrian MOLNAR,
Mircea MUNTEAN...................................................................................................................525
THE BIOLOGY OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA PERS. ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT
GERANIUM VARIETIES
Raluca MICLEA, Loredana SUCIU, Carmen PUIA* ................................................................526
VEGETATION CHANGES IN A NATURAL MEADOW OF FESTUCA RUBRA AFTER
MINERAL FERTILIZATION
Adriana MOREA, Ioan ROTAR, Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN*......................................527
CLUSTERING VEGETATION IN A NATURAL MEADOW OF FESTUCA RUBRA AFTER
ORGANIC FERTILIZATION
Adriana MOREA, Ioan ROTAR, Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN*......................................528
43
THE PRESENCE OF ROSA CANINA IN DIFFERENT PLANT COMMUNITIES IN
ROMANIA
Mariana NICULESCU1, Rodica SOARE2, Marin SOARE3 and Dorina BONEA3*..................529
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE STRESS
SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI STRAINS IN VITRO
ON
RHIZOBIUM
TRIFOLII
AND
Monica NISTE, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR and Rodica POP.......................................530
ALPINE MEADOWS - RODNA MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK
Cornel NEGRUŞIER1 Ioan PĂCURAR1, Ştefan BILASCO2, Ilarie IVAN3, Sînziana Ecaterina
PAULIUC1, and Horea Mihai PĂCURAR1 ...............................................................................531
CHANGES IN PHENOLICS AND PROTEIN CONTENT DURING SEED GERMINATION
OF CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L.
Laurentiu Mihai PALADE1,2, Carmen MANOLE2, Andreea DOBRE1,2, Laura MARIN2, Diana
GOLEA2, and Catalina TUDORA2 ............................................................................................532
THE IN VITRO CONTROL BY HIPOVIRULENCE OF CHESTNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY
CRYPHONECTRIA PARASITICA
Carmen PUIA, Loredana SUCIU, Ioana GROZEA, Raluca MICLEA* ....................................533
THE SPECIFICITY OF REACTION OF SOME WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES IN
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF TRANSILVANIAN PLAIN
Adrian CECLAN2 .......................................................................................................................534
SOIL LOSS ESTIMATION USING THE ROMSEM MODEL. CASE STUDY: THE NIRAJ
RIVER BASIN (TRANSYLVANIA DEPRESSION, ROMANIA)
Sanda ROSCA1, Stefan BILASCO1,2, Ioan PĂCURAR3*, Dănut PETREA1, Iuliu VESCAN1,
Ioan FODOREAN1 .....................................................................................................................535
INFLUENCE OF WEED SPECIES AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS L. EXTRACT TO
MAIZE CROP
Nataša SAMARDŽIĆ*, Branko KONSTANTINOVIĆ and Bojan KONSTANTINOVIĆ........536
EFFECT OF MINERAL FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD OF MAIZE IN THE
CONDITIONS OF ARDS TURDA
Susana SFECHIS1, Roxana VIDICAN1*, Ioan HAS1,2, Mircea IGNEA2, Valeria DEAC12,
Ana-Viorica POP3.......................................................................................................................537
ROMANIAN PASTURES – CONCEPT, LEGISLATION AND MANAGEMENT
Nicuşor SIMA1, Valentin MIHAI2, Doru CRISTE1 and Rodica SIMA2*..................................538
THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE FALL-RAPESEED CROP PLANTED IN BRAILA PLANE IN
THE CONDITIONS OF THE AGRICULTURAL YEAR 2013-2014
Aurica SOARE * and Gheorghe VOICU ...................................................................................539
ONION PLANTING BY DIRECT SEEDING INTO THE FIELD
Aurica SOARE * and Gheorghe VOICU ...................................................................................540
CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION UNDER CONDITIONS
OF DIFFERENTIATED FERTILIZATION AND FUNGICIDE TREATMENT
Vlad STOIAN, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR ....................................541
44
STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF SOME BIOPRODUCTS UPON THE
PRODUCTIVITY OF LOCAL POPULATIONS OF TOMATO
Gyöngyi SZABÓ, Raluca MICLEA, Maria APAHIDEAN, Carmen PUIA* ............................542
THE SAPROPHYTIC AND PATHOGENIC MICROFLORA FROM LOCAL TOMATO
CULTIVARS SEEDS
Gyöngyi SZABÓ, Maria APAHIDEAN, Raluca MICLEA, Carmen PUIA* ............................543
THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING DENSITY ON YIELD IN SOME SORTS OF WINTER
WHEAT
Laszlo SZABO1, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Rozalia KADAR2 ......................................................................544
THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON YIELD IN SOME WINTER WHEAT
VARIETIES AT ARDS TURDA
Laszlo SZABO1, Rozalia KADAR2, Ioan HAŞ1,2 ......................................................................545
VOLCANIC TUFFS ZEOLITE AS NEW TYPE OF AMENDMENTS TO AGRICULTURE
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA, Adriana MOREA1* ...................................................................................546
THE EVALUATION OF BIOMASS YIELD OF NEW ENERGY CROPS AND THEIR
TECHNOLOGICAL -ENERGETIC PARAMETERS
Victor ŢÎŢEI1*, A. MUNTEAN2, T. IVANOVA3, L. GURDUZA1 ...........................................547
EFFECT OF WATER STRESS ON GERMINATION AND OSMOLYTE ACCUMULATION
IN ACACIA EHRENGERGIANA
Mohamed TOUMI*, Merieme BALI, Zineb OULD CHERCHALI, Fatiha AID ......................548
SPROUTING IN THE EAR EFFECTS ON THE QUALITY AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF
WHEAT
Sorin VATCǍ*, Stefania GADEA, Anamaria VATCǍ ............................................................549
INSECT COMMUNITY STRUCTURES OF BIRD'S – FOOT TREFOIL (LOTUS
CORNICULATUS L.) INFLORESCENCES ALONG THE SEED DISPERSAL
Ana – Maria VIRTEIU1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ramona STEF1, Teodora FLORIAN2 and
Snejana DAMIANOV1 ...............................................................................................................550
SESSION 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SPRING PHENOLOGY WITHIN TWO WHITE OAK SEED ORCHARDS IN ROMANIA
Ecaterina Nicoleta APOSTOL1,2, Neculae ŞOFLETEA2, Cristiana Georgeta DINU1 Alexandru
Lucian CURTU2 .........................................................................................................................551
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM FARM ANIMALS ON THE PROCESS
OF BIOREMEDIATION OF SOIL POLLUTED WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
Andreea (COSTE) BÎNĂ*, Valer MICLE ..................................................................................552
STUDY ON SOIL DECONTAMINATION BY PHYTOREMEDIATION IN THE CASE OF
FORMER INDUSTRIAL SITES
Melania-Nicoleta BOROŞ*, Valer MICLE................................................................................553
GRAFTING OF CONIFERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
V. BUCATSEL...........................................................................................................................554
45
ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE CANES OF GRAPEVINE
Gilda –Diana BUZATU* ............................................................................................................555
APPLICATION OF LOW-COST ADSORBENTS FOR PESTICIDE REMOVAL
Irina Gabriela COROI*, Mihai Sorin CARA, Gerard JITĂREANU..........................................556
NUCLEAR DNA ANALYSIS OF BEECH IN APUSENI MOUNTAINS
Elena CIOCÎRLAN, Alexandru Lucian CURTU and Neculae ȘOFLETEA* ...........................557
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE EFFICIENCY OF INSULATION MATERIALS
AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Horia CIUCLARU*, Daniela MANEA, Luminita MOLNAR ..................................................558
SCREENING OF SOIL BACTERIA FOR PHYTASE ACTIVITY
Andreea DOBRE1,2,*, Iulian GROSU1, Nicoleta ANDREI2, Alina BUȚU2,
Călina Petruța CORNEA1 ...........................................................................................................559
DETECTION
OF
ANTAGONISTIC
ACTIVITY
OF
PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS AND PYTHIUM DEBARYANUM
BACTERIA
AGAINST
Andreea DOBRE1, 2*, Laura MARIN2, Carmen MANOLE2, Diana GOLEA2, Laurențiu Mihai
PALADE1,2, Cătălina TUDORA2, Călina Petruța CORNEA1 ....................................................560
THE ROLE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE IN THE SUSTENABILITY OF DIDACTIC
FARMS: MOARA DOMNEASCA – A CASE STUDY
Vera DOBRESCU*, Anca STANESCU and Ioana STREZA ....................................................561
THE STUDY OF THE URBAN DELTA ECOSYSTEM – THE AREA OF THE VACARESTI
LAKE
Elisabeta DOBRESCU1* and Andrada-Sonia TONE2 ................................................................562
RESEARCH ON THE SEA-BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.) ECORESTORATION VALUE IN AVOIDING EROSION AND SUPPORTING SOIL FIXATION
Carmen Georgeta DUMITRESCU (MANOLE)* .......................................................................563
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF DENSITY AND FERTILIZATION CONCERNING
THE SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS) HIBRIDS QUALITY ON THE CAMBIC
CHERNOZEM FROM FUNDULEA
Florentina EREMIA1, Costică CIONTU2 ...................................................................................564
RESEARCH ON EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF CERTIFICATION MARISEL
MOUNTAIN COMMUNE, CLUJ COUNTY
Avram FIŢIU* ............................................................................................................................565
THE FUNGISTATIC EFFECT OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST MONILINIA
FRUCTIGENA (ADERHOLD ET RUHL) HONEY EX WHETZEL AS CAUSAL AGENT OF
BROWN ROT
Radu Alexandru GROZA, Carmen Emilia PUIA* .....................................................................566
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS APPLIED DURING
VEGETATION PERIOD, ON THE DECAY OF THE STORED APPLES
Radu Alexandru GROZA, Carmen Emilia PUIA* .....................................................................567
46
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF A WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN
ALGIERS (ALGERIA)
Mohand Said HAMAIDI1*, Fella HAMAIDI-CHERGUI 1, Mohamed BRAHIM ERRAHMANI2,
Asma LAMROUSSI 1 and Hanane BENMIRA1 ........................................................................568
OCCURRENCE AND REMOVAL OF PROTOZOAN CYSTS AND HELMINTH EGGS IN
THE MEDEA SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT (SOUTH-EAST OF ALGIERS)
Fella HAMAIDI-CHERGUI1, Mohand Said HAMAIDI1* and Mohamed BRAHIM
ERRAHMANI2 ...........................................................................................................................569
OBSERVATIONS ON GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION WITH
COMPOUNDS: A CASE STUDY FROM MEDIAS CITY, SIBIU COUNTY
NITROGEN
Alexandra HOAGHIA1, 2*, Cecilia ROMAN1, D. RISTOIU1 ....................................................570
MONITORING NOISE POLLUTION IN URBAN AREA THROUGH SUNET SYSTEM
Mihai ILIESCU, Rodica CADAR and Mirela BECA* ..............................................................571
DYNAMICS OF THE FOLIAR PIGMENTS CONTENT IN SOME TOMATO CULTIVARS
FROM EAST ROMANIA UNDER SALT STRESS
Carmen Doina JITĂREANU, Cristina SLABU, Alina Elena MARTA, Mihaela BOLOGA
(COVAȘĂ)* ................................................................................................................................572
ANALYZE OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF SCARIFICATION AND BIOCHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF ACACIA TORTILIS SUBSP RADDIANA SEEDS
Selma KEBBAS1,2,3*, Z.W.S. LEKEHAL1,2,, F. AID3 ................................................................573
VALIDATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS DETERMINATION IN SOIL BY
FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Erika LEVEI*, Marin SENILA, Oana CADAR, Marius ROMAN and
Claudiu TANASELIA ................................................................................................................574
DETERMINATION OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN SOIL USING PHWE-SPESPME/GC-ECD METHOD
Mirela MICLEAN*, Lăcrimioara ȘENILĂ, Oana CADAR, Erika LEVEI and Cerasel
VĂRĂTICEANU .......................................................................................................................575
HEAVY METALS’ CONTAMINATION OF SOME COMMON CROP PLANTS
Nicoleta MUNTEAN1, Edward MUNTEAN2*, Marcel DUDA1 ...............................................576
DEGREE OF WATER EUTHROPICATION IN THE TERMINAL BASIN OF THE DANUBE.
CASE STUDY.
Cecilia NEAGU1 ........................................................................................................................577
AIR QUALITY INDEX IN IASI CITY
Ana Maria OISTE1*, DanAdrian CHELARU2 and Mihai Florin CONSTANTIN2 ...................578
ATTACK ASSESSMENT PRODUCED BY THE MAJOR PESTS OF ROSES FROM GREEN
AREAS OF CLUJ-NAPOCA
Ion OLTEAN , Crsitina SOPORAN, and Teodora FLORIAN*................................................579
THE INFLUENCE LED ILLUMINATION ON THE PROTEIN CONTENTS IN LEAVES
AND FRUITS
Elena PANTER1, Maria PELE1, Elena Maria DRAGHICI2.......................................................580
47
INFLUENCE OF USING PERLITE AND ECO FERTILIZERS FOR HYDROPONIC
TOMATOES CULTURE
Sorin PETRE1, Maria PELE1, Elena Maria DRAGHICI2 ..........................................................581
INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE THERMAL DESORPTION AT LOW
TEMPERATURE CRUDE OIL-CONTAMINATED SOILS
Dorina POP1*, Valer MICLE1, Claudiu TANASELIA2 .............................................................582
THE QUALITY OF THE WATER FROM THE AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM, CARJA 1,
THROUGH THE BIOLOGICAL INDEXES
Adina POPESCU*, Daniela IBANESCU ...................................................................................583
WILD FAUNA EPIGEE COLLECTED WITH TRAPS BARBER OF PERENIAL CROPS OF
LEGUMES
Petru Mihai PUSTAI*, Ion OLTEAN, Teodora FLORIAN, Ilonka BODIS ..............................584
CHARACTERIZATION AND INSECTICIDAL EFFECT OF RUTA MONTANA ESSENTIAL
OILS AGAINST LARVAL STAGES OF TETA ABSOLUTA (LEPIDOPTERA,
GELECHIIDAE) INVASIVE PEST OF TOMATO
Abdelhak ROUIBI*, Chahrazed MAKHLOUF1, Mustapha KHALI2 .......................................585
CAUSE - EFFECT INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF SELF ENVIRONMENT SCALE MICRO
DIRECT WITH APPLICATIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING
PROGRAMS
Mihaela RUSU1*, Alexandru BOGDAN2 and Cornel VASILE2 ................................................586
IMPACT OF MAJOR ECONOMIC ANTHROPIC ACTIVITIES CAPABLE OF AFFECTING
THE ECOSYSTEMS
Mihaela RUSU1*, Alexandru BOGDAN2 and Cornel VASILE3 ................................................587
A STUDY ON THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION IN SMALL
SETTLEMENTS FROM STARA ZAGORA REGION, BULGARIA
Gergana SANDEVA1, Nikolay SANDEV2*, Rositsa DELIRADEVA1, Pavlina GIDIKOVA1,
Magdalena PLATIKANOVA1 ...................................................................................................588
STUDY UPON LIFE CYCLE OF MONARTHROPALPUS BUXI GEOFF. ON CLUJ
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Crsitina SOPORAN, Ion OLTEAN, and Teodora FLORIAN* .................................................589
RESPONSE OF THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS TO ORGANIC
AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION
Ilias TRAVLOS, Dimitrios BILALIS*, Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU and Yolanda
PAPATHEOHARI .....................................................................................................................590
VALIDATION
OF
PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS
WASTEWATERS BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPY
DETERMINATION
IN
Claudiu TANASELIA*, Erika LEVEI, Marin SENILA, Oana CADAR ...................................591
THE DISTRIBUTION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES ON DANUBE RIVER BEETWEN
CALARASI AND BRAILA
IonVASILEAN1, Ina VASILEAN2, Daniela Cristina IBĂNESCU1 ..........................................592
48
SESSION 3: FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES
DETECTION OF LIPID CARBONYLS IN OXIDISED CANOLA OIL
Damanik MARINI and Michael MURKOVIC ..........................................................................593
IMPROVING THE CHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF GOAT CHEESE
BY THE ADDITION OF CRANBERRY
Sorin APOSTU, Carmen POP, Ancuţa M. ROTAR, Liana SALANŢĂ, Anamaria POP and
Iuliana GĂVRUṢ........................................................................................................................594
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLICS, FLAVONOIDS AND ANTIOXIDANT
CAPACITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SOME BRASSICA SEEDS
Maria Doinița BORȘ*, Sonia SOCACI, Maria TOFANĂ, Vlad MUREȘAN, Ana Viorica POP,
Melinda NAGY and Romina VLAIC.........................................................................................595
STUDY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPLYING THE LABELLING REQUIREMENTS
FOR PROCESSED MEAT PRODUCTS
Cristina BOTINEȘTEAN1* and Emeka Francis CHUKWURAH2............................................596
ANALYSIS OF MINOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN COW, GOAT AND SHEEP MILK IN
THE NW PART OF ROMANIA
Oana CADAR*, Claudiu TĂNASELIA, Mirela MICLEAN, Erika LEVEI, Marin ȘENILĂ,
Lăcrimioara ȘENILĂ .................................................................................................................597
THE BREWING PROCESS: OPTIMIZING THE FERMENTATION
Teodora Emilia COLDEA, Elena MUDURA*, Călin ŞIBOTEAN and Emil COMŞA .............598
RESEARCH ON THE POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC CERTIFICATION AND ATTESTATION
TRADITIONAL BUFFALO CHEESE OF MARIN, SALAJ COUNTY
Avram FITIU* ............................................................................................................................599
RESEARCH ON TYPICALITY PLUM BRANDY MARIN TO CERTIFY THAT LOCALLY
PRODUCED AND ENVIRONMENTALLY
Avram FITIU* ............................................................................................................................600
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF COW MILK QUALITY DESTINED FOR
PROCESSING AT S.C. AGRIMAT S.A
Roxana GAVRIL (RAŢU)1*, Marius Giorgi USTUROI1 and
Bogdan-Vlad AVARVAREI1 .....................................................................................................601
QUALITY CONTROL AND SENSORIAL ANALYSIS OF HONEY-BASED FUNCTIONAL
PRODUCTS
Adela LUCA1 and Laura STAN1*..............................................................................................602
STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF AGLUTENIC FOAM TYPE OF PASTRY PRODUCT
USING DIFFERENT FLOUR COMBINATIONS
Simona MAN1, Adriana PĂUCEAN1*, Sevastiţa MUSTE1 and Anamaria POP ......................603
LIGNAN AND POLYPHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF
SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS(TURCZ.) BAILL
Andrei MOCAN1, Laurian VLASE2, Ana-Maria GHELDIU2, Radu OPREAN3 and
Gianina CRIȘAN1* .....................................................................................................................604
49
POLYPHENOLIC PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LYCIUM BARBARUM L.
AND LYCIUM CHINENSE MILL. LEAVES
Andrei MOCAN1, Laurian VLASE2, Ana-Maria GHELDIU2, Cristina BISCHIN3, Radu
OPREAN4, Gianina CRIȘAN1* ..................................................................................................605
PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENTOF THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF TWO TYPES
LENTIL (LENS CULINARIS ) IN ORDER TO BE USED IN BREAD FORTIFICATION
Ovidiu MOLDOVAN1*, Adriana PĂUCEAN1, Sevastita MUSTE1, Romina VLAIC1 , Melinda
NAGY1 and Ana Viorica POP1 ...................................................................................................606
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS PROFILE DURING STORAGE
STARKRIMSON AND GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLE VARIETIES
OF
IONATHAN,
Elena Andruţa MUREŞAN1, Sevastiţa MUSTE1*, Sonia Ancuta SOCACI2, Romina Alina
VLAIC1, Emil RACOLȚA1 and Vlad MUREŞAN1 ...................................................................607
TOTAL PHENOLIC, FLAVONOIDS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF SOME
MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS
Melinda NAGY, Maria TOFANĂ, Sonia A. SOCACI, Ana Viorica POP, Maria Doinița BORS,
Anca FARCAS and Ovidiu MOLDOVAN ................................................................................608
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SOME ROMANIAN MERLOT
AND CABERNET SAUVIGNON WINES
Violeta NICULESCU1, Irina GEANA1*, Roxana Ionete1, Nadia PAUN1, Constantin BADUCA2,
Sorin URSU2 and Raluca DUMITRU2 .......................................................................................609
STUDIES ON VALORIFICATION OF HOT PEPPER POWDER IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF
JELLY CANDY PRODUCTS
Anamaria POP, Sevastita MUSTE, Vlad MUREȘAN, Liana SALANTA and
Cosmin ROȘA ............................................................................................................................610
IMPROVEMENT OF TAGLIATELLE QUALITY BY ADDITION OF RED QUINOA FLOUR
Anamaria POP, Sevastita MUSTE, Simona MAN and Crina MUREȘAN................................611
FT-IR STUDIES OF CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND NATURAL ZEOLITE
MATERIALS
Oana L. POP1*, Amalia MESAROS3, Florinale FETEA1, Zorita DIACONEASA1, Dan C
VODNAR1, Carmen SOCACIU1 and Doru PAMFIL2 ..............................................................612
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF MEAT SPECIALTIES
PREPARED WITH MIXTURES OF SPICES
Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ, Maria TOFANĂ*, Sonia SOCACI, Anca TIMIŞ, Anca FĂRCAŞ,
Dana FEIER and Carmen POP...................................................................................................613
CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE LAMIACEAE PLANTS FROM LOCAL MARKET
Ana-Viorica POP, Maria TOFANĂ, Sonia A. SOCACI, Anca FĂRCAŞ, Melinda NAGY,
Maria-Doiniţa BORŞ and Ovidiu MOLDOVAN.......................................................................614
QUALITY AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHOCOLATE BAR WITH
NATURAL DYES
Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ, Maria TOFANĂ*, Sonia SOCACI, Oana ŢĂRAN, Luminiţa
VÂRVA, Carmen Pop and Anamaria Pop .................................................................................615
BIOCHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ROSA CANINA L. FRUIT
FROM SPONTANEOUS FLORA OF OLTENIA, ROMANIA
Rodica SOARE, Dorina BONEA, Paula IANCU and Mariana NICULESCU ..........................616
50
RESEARCH REGARDING THE PRODUCTION OF PLANTING MATERIAL FOR THE
DECORATIVE SPECIES PAULOWNIA TOMENTOSA THUMB
Rodica SOARE, Ovidiu PĂNIȚĂ, Elena BONCIU and Marin SOARE ...................................617
USING SELECTED DOMESTIC AND COMMERCIAL YEASTS FOR POTENTIATION OF
FLAVOURS IN WINE
Diana STEGĂRUS1, Violeta NICULESCU1, Ovidiu TIȚA2, Mihaela TIȚA2, Ecaterina
LENGYEL2, Dan MUTU2 ..........................................................................................................618
MONITORING MILK SOMATIC CELL COUNTS
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA1, Nicolae MOCUŢA2, Vasile CHINDRIŞ3 and
Teodora Emilia COLDEA*1 .......................................................................................................619
COMPARISON OF THE PROTEIN PROFILES IN THE COMMERCIALLY COW AND
GOAT MILK INTENDED TO CONSUME
Ramona SUHAROSCHI* and Cristina SEMENIUC .................................................................620
FOOD WITH ROLE IN INCREASING SEROTONIN LEVELS
Lucia Andrada TOMA, Dan Cristian VODNAR*, Oana Lelia POP and
Carmen SOCACIU.....................................................................................................................621
REFERENCE RANGES OF MINERALS, THYROID HORMONES AND TSH IN CANINE
BLOOD SERUM
Liliana TUDOREANU1, Gabriel VIŞOIU2 and Victor CRIVINEANU3 ...................................622
TECHNICAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE PRESERVATION OF DRY ONION IN
DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
Marian VINTILA, Florin-Adrian NICULESCU and Mihai ROMAS .......................................623
DETERMINATION OF PHYSIC-CHEMICAL CHANGES DURING THE PERIOD OF
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THREE PLUM VARIETIES
Romina Alina VLAIC1, Andruța Elena MUREȘAN1, Vlad MUREȘAN1, Stăncuța Alexandrina
SCROB1, Ovidiu Petru MOLDOVAN1, Viorel MITRE2 and Sevastița MUSTE1*...................624
THE MAIN PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SMOKED SAUSAGE
Corina Iuliana COSTESCU, Adrian RIVIȘ, Ariana Bianca VELCIOV, Georgeta Sofia
POPESCU, Levente ȘIPOȘ........................................................................................................625
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLICS CONTENT OF SWEET CHERRIES
(PRUNUS AVIUM L.) FROM WEST AND SOUTH-WEST OF ROMANIA
Sofia POPESCU1, Ariana-Bianca VELCIOV1, Adrian RIVIS1, Corina COSTESCU1, Cerasela
PETOLESCU2 ............................................................................................................................626
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF HONEY WITH ADDITION OF DIFFERENT
TYPES OF SEEDS
Ariana – Bianca VELCIOV, Adrian RIVIŞ, Corina – Iuliana COSTESCU, Georgeta-Sofia
PINTILIE, Anca – Maria JIDIC .................................................................................................627
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME“ACETO BALSAMICO DI MODENA” PRODUCTS
MARKETED IN ROMANIA
Nicoleta Gabriela HĂDĂRUGĂ1, Corina Iuliana COSTESCU1, Mădălina-Liliana BADEA1,
Evelyn-Carmen MATEICAN1, Adrian RIVIŞ1, Daniel Ioan HĂDĂRUGĂ2* ...........................628
51
VARIATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POMEGRANATE (PUNICA
GRANATUM) FRUIT PARTS
Corina Iuliana COSTESCU1, Nicoleta Gabriela HĂDĂRUGĂ1, Ariana-Bianca VELCIOV1,
Daniela RUS1, Raymond SZAKAL1, Daniel Ioan HĂDĂRUGĂ2* ...........................................629
SESSION 4: HORTICULTURE AN FORESTRY
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE
SIZE AND WEIGHT OF ROSEMARY PLANT CALLUS
Mohammed Mehdi Muhsen AL MASOODY1,2 and Florin STĂNICĂ1 ....................................630
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF
VINE VARIETIES GRAPES GROWN IN THE WINE-GROWING CENTER - COPOU IAȘI
Lulu Cătălin ALEXANDRU1, Liliana ROTARU1*, Doina DAMIAN2 and
Ancuţa NECHITA2 .....................................................................................................................631
INFLUENCE OF CULTURE METHODS ON CAULIFLOWER YIELD AND ECONOMIC
EFFICIENCY
Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1, Grigore ARDELEAN2, Alexandru Ioan APAHIDEAN1* and
Aniela Brandusa RUSU1 ............................................................................................................632
POSSIBILITIES OF PROPAGATION THROUGH CUTTINGS ON SOME FICUS SPECIES
Maria BĂLA1, Codruţ ANCHEŞ1, Cristina Elena TOŢA1, Cristian BERAR1, Marius
SILIVĂŞAN1 and Ioan SĂRAC1 ...............................................................................................633
POSSIBILITIES OF PROPAGATION THROUGH CUTTINGS ON SOME HIBISCUS ROSA
SINENSIS VARIETIES
Maria BĂLA1*, Cristina Elena TOŢA1, Cristian BERAR1, Marius SILIVĂŞAN1 and Ioan
SĂRAC1 .....................................................................................................................................634
PHYSICO-MECHANICAL ANALYSIS AND UVOLOGICAL INDICES AT THREE
VARIETIES OF GRAPES FOR SUPERIOR WHITE WINES GROWN IN NORTH-WEST
ROMANIA
Florin-Dumitru BORA1, Tiberia-Ioana POP1, Claudiu-Ioan BUNEA1, Anca PETER2, Camelia
NICULA2, Delia URCAN1, Anca BABEŞ1 and Nastasia POP1* ...............................................635
EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING FOR THE MAIN CONNECTION
NODES OF TRANSILVANIA HIGHWAY USING CERTAIN DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Sonia BORS-OPRIŞA1*, Ioana TĂNĂSESCU1 and Lavinia-Elena MUNTEAN1 ....................636
EFFICACY OF THE PRODUCT LASER 240 SC USED IN THE CONTROL OF LEAF
MINER MOTH (TUTA ABSOLUTA)
Elena BRATU1, Alexandra Maria PETCUCI2 and Gabriela SOVAREL1* ................................637
GRAFTING OF CONIFERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Vasile BUCATSEL1* ..................................................................................................................638
RESEARCH ON CLIMATE – GRAPEVINE YIELD RELATIONSHIP AND THE IMPACT
OF GLOBAL WARMING
Mihaela BUCUR1* and Liviu DEJEU1 .......................................................................................639
52
YIELD AND QUALITY OF THE FETEASCĂ ALBĂ CULTIVAR IN LECHINȚA
VINEYARD
Claudiu-Ioan BUNEA1* ..............................................................................................................640
THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME WINE GRAPE VARIETIES IN R.D.S.V.E. BLAJ VINEYARD
CONDITIONS
Claudiu-Ioan BUNEA1 , Nastasia POP1, Florin BORA1, Daniela POPESCU2* and Andrea
BUNEA1 .....................................................................................................................................641
NATURAL FERTILIZER USE EFFECT ON THE LEVEL AND PRODUCT QUALITY
HYBRIDS OF CUCUMBER
Floarea BURNICHI1*, Constantin VLAD1 and Carmen-Gabriela STRUGARIU1 ...................642
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE LEVEL AND QUALITY PRODUCTION OF
CUCUMBER TRIUMPH F1 HYBRID
Floarea BURNICHI1*, Constantin VLAD1 and Carmen-Gabriela STRUGARIU1 ...................643
STUDY ON THE VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION THROUGH CUTTINGS OF MENTHA X
PIPERITA HYBRID USING VARIOUS ROOTING SUBSTRATES
Erzsebet BUTA1, Maria CANTOR1*, Denisa HORŢ and Mihai BUTA2 ..................................644
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION UPON
SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND QUALITY INDICES OF TOMATO
Dorin CAMEN1*, Radu SUMALAN1 and Daniela Sabina POSTA1..........................................645
RESEARCHES REGARDING
CYMBIDIUM VARIETIES
THE
BIOLOGY
AND
TECHNOLOGY
OF
SOME
Maria CANTOR1 and Raluca MICLEA2* .................................................................................646
INFLUENCE OF VARIETY, OF SOWING ERA AND PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH OF
ONION PLANTS
Alexandru-Dan CǍPRARIU1, Maria APAHIDEAN1* and Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1 .647
THE STUDY OF SOME EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.) GENOTYPES UNDER
THE THERMAL AND HYDRIC STRESS
Elena CHIRA1*, Mihai TUDOR1, Gicuța SBÎRCIOG1 and Maria DUMITRU1 ........................648
DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE AREAS FOR APPLE CULTIVATION IN NIĞDE-BOR
WITH LAND USE PLANNING
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Nevin TOPRAK2, Emine ARSLAN3, Türkan Naz ÜNSAL2 and
Nihal ERDEM2 ...........................................................................................................................649
NUCLEAR DNA ANALYSIS OF BEECH IN APUSENI MOUNTAINS
Elena CIOCÎRLAN1, Alexandru Lucian CURTU1 and Neculae ȘOFLETEA1* .......................650
RESEARCHES
REGARDING
THE
EUTYPA
LATA
MANIFESTATION IN VINEYARDS FROM SCDVV BLAJ
LIGNICOLE
FUNGUS
Maria COMSA1* and Liliana TOMOIAGA1 ..............................................................................651
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH CRYOPRESERVATION OF TOMATO
SHOOT APICES
Ana COSTE1*, Constantin CRĂCIUN2, Septimiu TRIPON2 and Adela HALMAGYI1 ...........652
53
PRESENTATION OF BEHAVIOR OF PERSPECTIVE HYBRID ELITE OBTAINED AT
S.C.D.V.V. BLAJ
Cristian Claudiu CRISTEA1*, Maria COMŞA1, Daniela POPESCU1 and
Anton COMŞA1..........................................................................................................................653
PRELIMINARY RESULTS CONCERNING FUNGAL DIVERSITY OF TWO ROMANIAN
VINEYARDS: VALEACĂLUGĂREASCĂ AND PIETROASELE
Camelia DIGUȚĂ1*, Larisa URSU1, Matilda CIUCĂ2, Florentina MATEI1 and
Călina Petruța CORNEA 1 ..........................................................................................................654
RESULTS CONCERNING THE FUSION CAPACITY OF SOME CUCURBITS GRAFTED
BY DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
Mădălina DOLTU1*, Marian BOGOESCU1 and Dorin SORA1 .................................................655
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM WINES
FETEASCĂ NEAGRĂ AGED IN DIFFERENT TOASTED BARRELS
Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIIU1, Rafael Amores PEINADO2, Nieves LOPEZ DE LERMA2,
Cătălin ZAMFIR1, Marius NICULAUA1, Bogdan NECHITA1, Cintia COLIBABA1, Ioan
MORARU1, Maria CODREANU1 and Valeriu V. COTEA1* ...................................................656
MINERAL NUTRITION OF SESSILE OAK AND BEECH, LOCATED IN THE BEECH AND
SESSILE OAK FOREST SITES FROM CRISTIAN PIEDMONT
Raluca-Elena ENESCU1 and Gheorghe SPÂRCHEZ1 ...............................................................657
PROPAGATION BY GREEN CUTTING OF THE PLUM ROOTSTOCK MIROBOLAN BN 4
KR
Angela FESTILA1*, Ioan ZAGRAI1 and Craisor MAZILU2 .....................................................658
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ADULT POPULATION OF PHYLLOXERA GALLICOLA
WITH ENTHOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS
Lidia FICIU1* and Elena BRINDUSE1 ......................................................................................659
PHYLOXERA GALLICOLA MANAGEMENT IN VINEYARDS BY BEAUVERIA BASSIANA
BIOCONTROL
Lidia FICIU1* and Elena BRINDUSE1 ......................................................................................660
CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME VITIS VINIFERA L. INDIGENOUS VARIETIES BY
ANALYSIS OF LEAF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS
Răzvan V. FILIMON1*, Roxana FILIMON1, Liliana ROTARU1 ..............................................661
THE QUANTIFICATION OF POLYPHENOLIC POTENTIAL OF THE BLACK GRAPES
FOR WINEMAKING
Laura FOTESCU1*, Aurelia TUDORACHE1, Elena BRINDUSE1 and
Liliana PIRCALABU1 ................................................................................................................662
FOOD SAFETY COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS ON THE FLOW OF BLACK GRAPES
WINEMAKING
Laura FOTESCU1*, Elena BRINDUSE1, Aurelia TUDORACHE1, M. ION1 and
Lidia FICIU1 ...............................................................................................................................663
STUDY REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS (LAVANDULA
ANGUSTIFOLIA MILL. AND THYMUS VULGARIS L.) IN HYDROPONICS ON
ROCKWOOL MEDIA
Radu Mircea GIURGIU1*, Gavril MORAR1 and Adelina DUMITRAŞ1 ..................................664
54
IS DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA STILL CONSIDERED A DANGEROUS PEST
FROM CROPS OF ROMANIA?
Ioana GROZEA1, Raluca TRUSCA1, Snejana DAMIANOV1, Levente MOLNAR1 and Ionela
DOBRIN2 ...................................................................................................................................665
XYLEM ANATOMICAL STUDY IN DIVERSE
IMPLICATIONS TO DROUGHT TOLERANCE
CAPSICUM
SP
ACCESSIONS,
Carla GUIJARRO-REAL1, Rosa V. MOLINA2, Teresa PÉREZ-DOMINGO1, Ana M. RIBESMOYA1, Adrián RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1 and Ana M. FITA1* .........................................666
INTERCROPPING – A SUCCESSFUL SYSTEM FOR RUNNER BEAN CROP
Silvia Brîndusa HAMBURDĂ1*, Neculai MUNTEANU 1 and Gabriel Ciprian TELIBAN 1 ..667
EU TIMBER REGULATION AND FOREST CERTIFICATION
Aureliu-Florin HĂLĂLIȘAN1* and Mihai MARINCHESCU1 .................................................668
ANTIOXIDANTS RESPONS TO TWO VARIETIES OF TOMATOES AFTER FUNGICIDES
AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID TREATMENTS
Ramona Aurelia HOROTAN1*, Simona OANCEA2 and Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1 .....669
PSYCHOLOGICAL
ENVIRONMENTS
BENEFITS
OF
ORNAMENTAL
PLANTS
USED
IN
OFFICE
Anca HUSTI1, Ioana CONTIU1, Malina RADU1, Ioana NEACSU1 and Maria CANTOR1*....670
PEOPLE - PLANT CONNECTION IN DANISH WORK SETTINGS
Anca HUSTI1, Jane THOMSEN2, Renate MULLER3 and Maria CANTOR1* .........................671
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON THE ROOTSTOCK QUALITY, IN THE BLAJ
VINEYARD CENTER
Maria ILIESCU1*, Daniela POPESCU1 and Maria COMSA1 ...................................................672
EFFICACY OF POST-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES APPLIED AT REDUCED DOSES ON
WEEDS IN DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM L.) IN CENTRAL GREECE
Anestis KARKANIS1*, Dimitrios BILALIS2, Aspasia EFTHIMIADOU3, Agapi GAVALAKI2
and Nikolaos KOUSTAS2 ..........................................................................................................673
LATE SPRING CULTURE OF HEADED CHINESE CABBAGE (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS
VAR. PEKINENSIS)
Enikő LACZI1*, Alexandru APAHIDEAN1, Emil LUCA1 and Georgeta BURDUHOS1 .........674
THE INFLUENCE OF INOVATIVE TREATMENTS ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
OF FRÂNCUȘĂ WINES
Camelia Elena LUCHIAN1*, Valeriu V. COTEA1, Cintia COLIBABA1, Antoanela PATRAȘ1,
Cristian BUBURUZANU1 .........................................................................................................675
A REVIEW OF ROMANIAN FORESTRY SECTOR
Mihai MARINCHESCU¹ and Aureliu Florin HĂLĂLIȘAN²....................................................676
FLOR YEAST MAIN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN A BIOFILM FORMING AND IN A
NON-BIOFILM FORMING CONDITON
Jaime MORENO-GARCÍA1, Florin VARARU*2, Juan MORENO3, M. Carmen MILLÁN1, Juan
Carlos MAURICIO1 and Teresa GARCÍA-MARTÍNEZ1 .........................................................677
55
FLOR YEAST PROTEOMIC RESPONSE TO THE LACK OF FERMENTABLE CARBON
SOURCE
Jaime MORENO-GARCÍA1, Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU2, Juan MORENO3, Carmen
MILLÁN1, Juan Carlos MAURICIO1* and Teresa García-MARTÍNEZ1 .................................678
STUDY OF FENNEL SEED GERMINATION (FOENICULUM VULGARE VAR. AZORICUM)
Valeria Ioana NEACŞU1, Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1* and Anca Mariana HUSTI1 ........679
MONITORING THE SPECIE MELOLONTHA MELOLONTHA L. IN THE NURSERY OF
LUNCA BRADULUI FORESTRY DEPARTMENT
Ion OLTEAN1, Alexandru BEXA1, Teodora FLORIAN1 and Mircea Ioan VARGA1* ............680
POLLEN VIABILITY AND GERMINATION CAPACITY OF SOME NEW SWEET
CHERRY CULTIVARS
Monica PAL1*, Viorel MITRE1, Andreea TRIPON1, Laura MACAVEI1 and
Mihai LAZAR1 ...........................................................................................................................681
THE IMPACT OF "TERROIR" ON VEGETATIVE EQUILIBRIUM OF VINES, IN
RELATION WITH THE QUALITY POTENTIAL OF THE GRAPE HARVEST
Liliana PIRCALABU1* and Aurelia TUDORACHE1 ................................................................682
THE QUANTITATIVELY AND QUALITATIVELY POTENTIAL OF THE WINE GRAPE
HARVEST IN RELATION WITH THE WINE CLIMATE MILESSIMA
Liliana PIRCALABU1*, Aurelia TUDORACHE1 and Adrian SERDINESCU1 ........................683
MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN GBOMA EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MACROCARPON)
AS ASSESSED WITH CONVENTIONAL AND TOMATO ANALYZER DESCRIPTORS
Mariola PLAZAS1, Jaime PROHENS1*, Santiago VILANOVA1, Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Javier
HERRAIZ1 and Isabel ANDÚJAR1 ...........................................................................................684
THE BEHAVIOR OF A NUMBER OF ONION GENOTYPES SUITABLE FOR THE
TECHNOLOGY WITH CROP ESTABLISHED IN AUTUMN
Niculai POPANDRON1*, Elena CHIRA1 and Gicuta SBIRCIOG1 ...........................................685
RESEARCH REGARADING TECHNOLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES FOR OBTAINING
CARROT ECOLOGIC SEEDS IN COMPARISON TO THE CONVENTIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
Niculai POPANDRON1*, Gicuta SBIRCIOG1 and Elena CHIRA1 ...........................................686
QUALITY EVALUATION OF SO4 CLONES USED TO PRODUCE GRAPEVINE PLANTING
MATERIAL, DEPENDING ON THE APPLIED AGROTECHNICS
Daniela POPESCU1*, Maria ILIESCU1, Maria COMSA1 and D. Gh. CORBEAN2 ..................687
ASSESSMENT OF POLLEN VIABILITY AND GERMINATION RATE OF SOME PEAR
(PYRUS SSP. L.) CULTIVARS GROWN IN SUPER-INTENSIVE CULTURE SYSTEM IN
ROMANIA
Melinda PUSKÁS1*, Radu SESTRAŞ1 and Henryk FLACHOWSKY2 ....................................688
PESTS CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT IN FOREST NURSERIS EXPRESSED WITH
BIODEVERSITY INDICES
Florin-Alexandru REBREAN1*, Vasile ŞIMONCA1, Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1, Alina TRUȚA1
and Liviu HOLONEC1 ...............................................................................................................689
56
MINERAL CONTENT IN CAPSICUM PEPPER LANDRACES: EFFECT OF THE
GENOTYPE AND THE RIPENING STAGE
Ana M. RIBES-MOYA1, Carla GUIJARRO-REAL1, Vanessa A. RODRIGUEZ-PONTE1, M.
Dolores RAIGÓN1, Ana M. FITA1 and Adrián RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1 .........................690
AN ANALYSIS CONCERNING PRODUCTIVITY OF SOME AUBERGINE CULTIVARS
TESTED IN THE COMPARATIVE PLOTS FOR EVALUATION
Gicuta SBÎRCIOG1* ...................................................................................................................691
BEHAVIOUR OF SOME ROUND PEPPER LINES TESTED IN THE
PLOTS FOR EVALUATION
COMPARATIVE
Gicuta SBÎRCIOG1* ...................................................................................................................692
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES AND OSMOREGULATION IN SEVERAL ROMANIAN
SPRUCE POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO SALT AND DROUGHT STRESS
Traian-Sorin ŞCHIOP1, Mohamad AL HASSAN2, Monica BOSCAIU3, Oscar VICENTE2*,
Adriana SESTRAS1, Radu SESTRAS1 ......................................................................................693
THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHAPE OF THE CROWN ON THE TRUNK DIAMETER AND
VIGOR INDEX OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PEAR
Marius SILIVĂSAN¹*, Cristian BERAR1, Maria BĂLA1 and Cristina TOȚA1 ........................694
INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF CROWN ON THE GROWTH IN VOLUME FOLIAR SURFACE
TO VARIOUS SPECIES OF PEAR
Marius SILIVĂSAN¹*, Cristian BERAR1, Maria BĂLA1, Cristina Toța1 and
Petru MERGHEȘ1 ......................................................................................................................695
DNA EXTRACTION FROM KRASCHENINNIKOVIA CERATOIDES (CHENOPODIACEAE)
FOR ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY USING SRAP MOLECULAR MARKERS
Cristian Radu SISEA1*, Ionuţ ŞIPEŢEAN1, Alexandru-Sabin BĂDĂRĂU 2 and
Doru PAMFIL1 ...........................................................................................................................696
QUALITATIVE TESTING OF MON 810 TRANSFORMATION EVENT IN DIFFERENT
FOOD MATRICES
Cristian Radu SISEA1*, Lavinia Manuela HUSAR2 and Doru PAMFIL1 ..................................697
BEHAVIOR OF SOME TOMATO HYBRIDS, GROWING IN GREENHOUSES, AT
PATHOGENS ATTACK
Gabriela SOVAREL1* ................................................................................................................698
THE CONTENT OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN RHUBARB (RHEUM RHABARBARUM L.)
Vasile STOLERU1*, Monica BUTNARIU2, Neculai MUNTEANU1, Costel IPĂTIOAIE1,
Teodor STAN1 ............................................................................................................................699
OPTIMIZATION OF DNA ISOLATION AND PCR PROTOCOL FOR THE STUDY OF
ENDEMIC ASTRAGALUS EXSCAPUS L. SSP. TRANSSILVANICUS (BARTH) JAV
Katalin SZABO1*, Cristian Radu SISEA1, Rodica POP1, Monica BODEA1, Ioana Virginia
PETRICELE1, Alexandru Sabin BĂDĂRĂU2 and Doru PAMFIL1 ..........................................700
EFFECT OF CUTTING SIZE ON THE ROOTING OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS 'COLUMNA'
Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Alina TRUȚA1, Florin Alexandru
REBREANU1 .............................................................................................................................701
57
GREEN SPACES, FACTOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Beatrice Agneta SZILAGYI1, Oana MARE-ROŞCA2*, Lucia MIHALESCU 2, Zorica
VOŞGAN2 and Monica MARIAN2 ............................................................................................702
BBCH CODE THE FUTURE KEY FOR DESCRIBING WOODY ORNAMENTAL
VEGETATION PHENOLOGICAL STAGES
Raluca TOMA1 and Dumitru ZAHARIA1* ...............................................................................703
THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDES ON TARNAVE VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY ECOSYSTEM
Liliana TOMOIAGĂ1*...............................................................................................................704
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA) THAT DETERMINES THE FOOD VALUE
OF TOMATO FRUITS GROWN IN THE GREENHOUSE OF U.A.S.V.M. TIMISOARA
1*
1
2
Cristina Elena TOŢA , Maria BĂLA , Nicoleta Gabriela HĂDĂRUGĂ Marius SILIVĂŞAN1,
Cristian BERAR1, Ioan SĂRAC1 ...............................................................................................705
THE GROWING OF HYACINTHUS OFF-SEASONT
1*
1
Cristina Elena TOŢA , Maria BĂLA , Raluca Roxana MARIAN Marius SILIVĂŞAN1, Cristian
BERAR1, Ioan SĂRAC1 .............................................................................................................706
RESULTS CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF FRUIT LOAD UPON FRUIT QUALITY
Flavia Andreea TRIPON1*, Viorel MITRE1, Ioana MITRE1, Dorin BADIU1, Monica PAL1 and
Mihai LAZAR1 ...........................................................................................................................707
RESULTS REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF PLUM (PRUNUS DOMESTICA) FRUIT
THINNING OVER PRODUCTION
Flavia Andreea TRIPON, 1* Viorel MITRE1 and Monica PAL1 ................................................708
THE TIPICITY OF WINES VERY RICH IN ANTIOXIDANTS IN RELATION WITH THE
VARIETY AND THE MATURATION-FERMENTATION TECHNIQUE
Aurelia TUDOACHE1, Elena BRINDUSE1 ...............................................................................709
MINOR VOLATILE COMPOUND PROFILES OF ALIGOTE WINES FERMENTED WITH
DIFFERENT YEAST STRAINS
Florin VARARU1*, Jaime MORENO-GARCIA2, Juan MORENO2, Marius NICULAUA1,
Bogdan NECHITA1, Catalin ZAMFIR1, Cintia COLIBABA1, Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU1
and Valeriu V. COTEA1 .............................................................................................................710
YIELD AND QUALITY POTENTIAL OF ANISIA BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)
VARIETY OBTAINED AT V.R.D.S. BUZAU
Costel VINATORU1*, Bianca ZAMFIR1, Camelia BRATU1 , Viorica LAGUNOVSCHI2 and
Luminita CÂRSTEA3 .................................................................................................................711
STUDIES AND RESEARCH REGARDING
BEHAVIOR IN THERMO-HYDRIC STRESS
SEVERAL
TOMATO
ACCSESSIONS
Costel VINATORU1*, Elena CHIRA2, Bianca ZAMFIR1 and Camelia BRATU1.....................712
INFLUENCE OF WATER AND SALT STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION IN RETAMA
RAETAM FROM TUNISIA
Dhikra ZAYOUD1,2,3, Ricardo GIL3, Monica BOSCAIU3, Zeineb OUERGHI2, Mohamed
NEFFATI1 and Oscar VICENTE3* ............................................................................................713
58
SESSION 5: ECONOMICS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PREDICTIONS OF LABOR FORCE MOBILITY FROM ROMANIAN RURAL AREA IN
“ORIZONT 2020”
Robert-Adrian CANDOI-SAVU1*..............................................................................................714
THE STIMULATION OF NEW JOBS EMERGENCE THROUGH SELF-EMPLOYMENT IN
ROMANIAN RURAL AREA
Robert-Adrian CANDOI-SAVU1*..............................................................................................715
ANALYSIS OF THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN EFFECT FOR THE ROMANIAN CONSUMER
OF FOOD PRODUCTS
Daniel CHICIUDEAN1*, Iulia MUREȘAN1, Mărioara ILEA1 and
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1 ...........................................................................................................716
STUDY REGARDING THE ROMANIAN CONSUMER ETHNOCENTRISM
Daniel CHICIUDEAN1*, Sabina FUNAR1, Felix ARION1 and Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1 .......717
ANALYSIS OF MARKETING AUDIT BENEFITS FOR THE AGRO-FOOD COMPANIES
FROM CLUJ COUNTY
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1, Marioara ILEA1, Iulia MUREȘAN1 and
Daniel CHICIUDEAN1 ..............................................................................................................718
ROMANIA’S POST-ACCESSION INTRA-EU TRADE IN MEAT
Camelia GAVRILESCU1* ..........................................................................................................719
PARTICULARITIES OF THE FARMS IN THE KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
Rezhen HARUN1*, Iulia C. MUREȘAN1, Felix H. ARION1 and Diana E. DUMITRAȘ1 ........720
RATIONAL AND EMOTIONAL ADVERTISING FOR FOOD PRODUCTS ON THE
ROMANIAN MARKET
Andy Felix JITĂREANU1*, Elena GÎNDU1, Aurel CHIRAN1 and
Benedicta DROBOTĂ1...............................................................................................................721
RURAL TOURISM - BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT FOR FUTURE ENTREPRENEURS
Iulia C. MUREȘAN1*, Valentin C. MIHAI1 and Teodora M. GIURCA1 ..................................722
THE ACCESS OF ROMANIAN RURAL POPULATION TO THE INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Cristina Bianca POCOL1* and Ioana Delia POP1 .......................................................................723
59
SESSION 6-7: ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES
SOME ASPECTS OF THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE LIVER IN RAINBOW
TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH SYSTEMS
Vioara MIREŞAN1, Daniel COCAN1*, Viorel MICLĂUŞ2, Radu CONSTANTINESCU1,
Camelia RĂDUCU1 and Octavian NEGREA1 ...........................................................................724
VARIATION IN BLOOD PARAMETERS OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS
MYKISS) UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SEASONS AND GROWTH SYSTEMS
Vioara MIREŞAN, Daniel COCAN*, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Camelia RĂDUCU and
Octavian NEGREA ....................................................................................................................725
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS SPECIFIC TO TIGAIE BREED REARED IN
NORTHEAST PART OF ROMANIA
Constantin PASCAL* ................................................................................................................726
USING HONEY BEE AS BIOINDICATOR OF CHEMICALS: OCCURRENCE IN TWO
AGRICULTURAL AREAS OF CAMPANIA (SOUTH ITALY)
Gennaro DI PRISCO1*, Claudio PORRINI2, Donato TESORIERO3 and
Emilio CAPRIO1 ........................................................................................................................727
THE EFFECTS OF PREBIOTIC PRODUCTS IN FISH NUTRITION
Mihai BENŢEA1*, Aurel ŞARA1, Alina ANI2 and Marin BREJE1 ..........................................728
THE ASSESSMENT OF CERTAIN MINERALS CONTENT IN MIXED FEEDS IN
RELATION TO THE LAYING HENS’ EXPLOITATION SYSTEM (ORGANIC VS.
CONVENTIONAL)
Maria BOLOGA*, I.M. POP, Aida ALBU and Lucia I. NISTOR (COTFAS)..........................729
THE EFFECT OF MANURE APPLICATION ON THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION ON A
PERMANENT GRASSLAND IN PETROVA, MARAMUREŞ
Adela l. BOTIŞ*, gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA, Doru CRISTE, Iulia MEDREA and
Bogdan FĂGĂDAR ...................................................................................................................730
MEMORY TESTING USING NOVEL OBJECT RECOGNITION ON WISTAR RAT
MODELS EXPOSED TO ANAKINETIC AND NATIVE HEMOGLOBIN OXIDATIVE
STRESS COUNTERED
BY ADMINISTRATION OF LAMIUM ALBUM ALCOHOLIC
EXTRACT
Carolina BURA1, Vlad Al. TOMA2,3,4, Anca D. FARCAS2,3,4, Ioana ROMAN2 and Radu
SILAGHI-DUMITRESCU4*......................................................................................................731
CYTO-MORPHOLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES OF HAIR CUTICLE IN DOMESTIC AND
WILD SUIDAE
Mirela E. CADAR*, Vioara MIREŞAN, Camelia RĂDUCU, Ilie CORNOIU and Ionel
TOADER....................................................................................................................................732
EVALUATION OF CAMELINA MEAL IN THE DIET OF
DETERMINATION OF PLASMA POLYPHENOLS
DAIRY
COWS -
Veronica S. CHEDEA1*, Rodica Ş. PELMUŞ1, Smaranda TOMA1,2, Ionelia ŢĂRANU1 and
Cătălin DRAGOMIR1.................................................................................................................733
COMPARISON BETWEEN TILLEY-TERRY AND PEPSIN-CELLULASE METHODS,
USED TO PREDICT DIGESTIBILITY OF SOME MINOR BY-PRODUCTS IN RUMINANTS
Ana CIŞMILEANU1*, Cătălin DRAGOMIR1, Smaranda TOMA1,2 and Eugenia MIRCEA1 ...734
60
GROWTH DYNAMICS OF THREE TROUT SPECIES (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS,
SALVELINUS FONTINALIS AND SALVELINUS ALPINUS), IN ACCORDANCE WITH
ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
Daniel COCAN, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Alexandru SAVA, Camelia RĂDUCU, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU, Andrada IHUŢ, Aurelia COROIAN and Luisa ANDRONIE..............735
ALLOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF
RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) REARED IN DIFFERENT FARMING
SYSTEMS FROM TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA
Daniel COCAN, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Camelia RĂDUCU,
Octavian NEGREA, Luisa ANDRONIE and Andrada IHUŢ....................................................736
EFFECTS OF MANGANESE AND IRON ORGANIC SOURCES IN LAYER DIETS ON
NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF EGGS
Gabriela M. CORNESCU1*, Horia GROSU1, Arabela E. UNTEA2, Tatiana D. PANAITE2 and
Anca BERCARU2.......................................................................................................................737
NITRITES AND NITRATES LEVELS IN SOME ROMANIAN MEAT PRODUCTS
Aurelia COROIAN, Vioara MIREŞAN, Camelia RĂDUCU*, Cristian COROIAN, Daniel
COCAN, Luisa ANDRONIE and Octavian NEGREA ..............................................................738
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE EXISTENCE OF PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS
BETWEEN DIFFERENT BODY MEASUREMENTS AT FEMALES FROM ROMANIAN
MIORITIC SHEPHERD DOG
Dorel DRONCA1*, Nicolae PACALA1, Ioan BENCSIK1, Teofil OROIAN2, Vasile CIGHI2,
Rasvan POPA3, Ada CEAN1, Adela MARCU1 and Alexandru DRONCA4 .............................739
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF FLORESCENT AND LED LIGHT SOURCE USE WITH
LAYING HENS ON EGG PRODUCTION
Adem DURSUN1, Davut BAYRAM2* and Kaan Muhsin ISCAN2...........................................740
ANIMAL WELFARE IN TERMS OF ASSESSING
STUDIED. PART II
HOUSING CONDITIONS FARMS
Cristina El MAHDY1*, Silvana POPESCU2, Cristin BORDA2 and Anca BOARU1 ................741
THE ACTION OF LAMIUM ALBUM ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT IN DECREASING
OXIDATIVE STRESS, APPLIED ON KIDNEY, THYMUS AND BLOOD IN WISTAR RATS
EXPOSED TO ANAKINETIC AND NATIVE HEMOGLOBIN STRESS
Anca D. FARCAŞ1,2,3, Vlad Al. TOMA1,2,3, Ioana ROMAN1, Carolina BURA4 and Radu
EFFECTS OF P-COUMARIC ACID ON RUMINAL FERMENTATION PARAMETERS IN
IN VITRO RUMINAL CULTURES
Mihaela GIUBURUNCĂ*, Adriana CRISTE and Vioara MIREŞAN ......................................743
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE CHARACTERIZATION OF
PROFILE OF WILD BOAR (SUS SCROFA FERUS)
THE NUTRITIONAL
Mircea LAZĂR*, Roxana LAZĂR, Nicoleta (GĂINĂ) DIACONU and
Paul C. BOIŞTEANU................................................................................................................744
HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
AMMODYTES)
OF HORNED VIPER (AMMODYTES
Roxana LAZĂR* and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU.............................................................................745
61
EFFECT OF OCHRATOXIN A AND ARISTOLOCHIC ACID ON A EPITHELIAL
INTESTINAL CELL LINE
Daniela MARIN*, Monica MOTIU and Ionelia ŢĂRANU.......................................................746
THE APPLICATION OF AN ECO-INNOVATIVE CONCEPT FOR CREATING AN
INTEGRATIVE GENE BANK IN ANIMAL SCIENCE AND PRODUCTION
Marcel MATIUTI1*, Alexandru T. BOGDAN2 and Carmen MATIUTI3 ..................................747
CONSIDERATIONS UPON THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VARIOUS
CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS FOR CALF HOUSING
Lavinia E. MUNTEAN1*, Ioana TĂNĂSESCU1 and Sonia BORS-OPRISA2 ..........................748
USE OF MORPHO-PATHOLOGIC EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSIS OF
SOME ENDOPARASITOSIS IN CATTLE
Octavian NEGREA, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Camelia RĂDUCU, Grigore ONACIU, Zamfir
MARCHIŞ, Daniel COCAN and Mircea IGNAT......................................................................749
ASPECTS REGARDING THE ORNAMENTAL JAPANESE CARP REARING INTO
RECIRCULATING SYSTEMS CONDITIONS
Aurelia NICA* and Lorena DEDIU ...........................................................................................750
ADVANTAGES OF THE PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGY IN BEEKEEPING
FARMS
Anca A. POPOVICI1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1 and
Marioara ILEA2 ..........................................................................................................................751
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE QUALITY OF SOME MEAT PRODUCTS OBTAINED
AT SC “MARELE ALB” SRL TURDA, CLUJ COUNTY
Camelia RĂDUCU, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Octavian NEGREA, Mirela CADAR, Daniel
COCAN, Aurelia COROIAN, Radu CONSTANTINESCU and Luisa ANDRONIE ..............752
NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE INTEGRATE SYSTEM OF THE FORESTRY HERITAGE
PROTECTION
Ioana E. TĂNĂSESCU1*, Lavinia E. MUNTEAN1 Sonia BORS-OPRISA2 and
Liviu HOLONEC3 ......................................................................................................................753
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLIMATE CONDITIONS IN CATTLE HOUSES FROM
TRANSYLVANIA
Ioana E. TĂNĂSESCU*, Lavinia E. MUNTEAN and Daniela LADOSI .................................754
EFFECT OF FUSARIUM MYCOTOXIN ZEARALENONE ON GUT EPITHELIUM
Ionelia ŢĂRANU1*, Aurora ARGHIR2, Gina PISTOL1, Daniela MARIN1 and
Ana-Maria NICULESCU3 ..........................................................................................................755
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE ENERGETIC PROFILE OF BLOOD COLLECTED
FROM RABBITS (BELGIAN GIANT BREED) AND HARES (LEPUS EUROPAEUS PALLAS)
Gabriela TĂRNĂUCEANU (FRUNZĂ)* .................................................................................756
CHARACTERIZATION OF ENZYMATIC PROFILE OF BLOOD COLLECTED FROM
RABBITS (BELGIAN GIANT BREED) AND HARES (LEPUS EUROPAEUS PALLAS)
Gabriela TĂRNĂUCEANU (FRUNZĂ)*, Cecilia POP and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU................757
62
NEUROENDOCRINE FUNCTION IMPROVED BY LAMIUM ALBUM ALCOHOLIC
EXTRACT IN WISTAR MODELS EXPOSED TO ANAKINETIC AND NATIVE
HEMOGLOBIN OXIDATIVE STRESS
Vlad Al. TOMA1,2,3, Anca D. FARCAŞ1,2,3, Ioana ROMAN1, Carolina BURA4 and Radu
IN VITRO INDUCTION OF THE ACROSOME REACTION
SPERMATOZOA FROM DIFFERENT CATTLE BREEDS
IN FROZEN THAW
Sabina VĂLEANU (NECULAI-VĂLEANU)*, Dan DRUGOCIU and Petru ROŞCA ............759
THE DYNAMIC OF THE NUCLEAR DNA LONGEVITY IN CRYOPRESERVED BULL
SPERMATOZOA ASSESSED USING THE SPERM-BOS-HALOMAX
Sabina VĂLEANU (NECULAI-VĂLEANU)*, Dan DRUGOCIU and Petru ROŞCA ............760
EFFECT OF OILSEED SUPPLEMENTATION
LAYING HEN DIETS
ON AMINO ACID DIGESTIBILITY IN
Iulia VĂRZARU1*, Tatiana PANAITE2, Arabela UNTEA2, Gabriela CORNESCU1 and
Ilie VAN1 ....................................................................................................................................761
DETERMINATION OF THE POST-PARTUM DURATION
NORTHERN ALGERIA
OF LOCAL GOAT IN
Achour YAHIA1*, Rachid KAIDI1 and Khadidja HAMRAT2 ..................................................762
ADSORPTION OF OROTIC ACID ON AG COLLOIDAL NANOPARTICLES
Luisa ANDRONIE1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*, Ioana POP2, Camelia RĂDUCU1, Anca ROTARU1,
Aurelia COROIAN1 and Cristian COROIAN1 ...........................................................................763
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INVESTIGATIONS OF COLLAGEN-GRAPHENE
COMPLEX BY MOLECULAR MODELING APPROACH
Iuliana BANU and Iuliana APRODU* ......................................................................................764
THE ANTIBIOTYPE OF SOME LACTIC ACID BACTERIA PROBIOTIC STRAINS FROM
THE MIUG COLLECTION
Vasilica BARBU* and Ana-Maria NEDELCU..........................................................................765
PCR BASED SCREENING OF FUSARIUM SP. IN SOME ECO-PRODUCTS
Oana M. BOLDURA*, Petrica BOZAC and Sorina POPESCU................................................766
TESTING THE GENETIC ASSIGNMENT OF SIMULATED HYBRID OFFSPRING
Iacob CRĂCIUNESC*, Alexandru L. CURTU and Neculae SOFLETEA ...............................767
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF PUCCINIA TRITICINA POPULATIONS FROM ROMANIA,
ANALYZED BY RAPD TECHNIQUE
Laura D. DINU1, Camelia DIGUTA1, Matila CIUCA2, Gabriela POPA1 and
Călina P. CORNEA1*.................................................................................................................768
SCREENING OF SOME COST EFFECTIVE MEDIA FOR SUBMERSE CULTIVATION OF
MACROMYCETES MYCELIUM
Georgeta FIDLER1,2*, Steliana RODINO1,2, Alina BUTU2 and Petruţa C. CORNEA1............769
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT
OF MUSHROOMS EXTRACTS
Georgeta FIDLER1,2, Alina BUTU2*, Steliana RODINO1,2, Marian BUTU2 and
Petruţa C. CORNEA1 .................................................................................................................770
63
STUDY OF PRELIMINARY BIOTECHNOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PLEUROTUS
OSTREATUS CULTIVATION ON SUBMERGED SYSTEM
Vicenţiu B. HORINCAR1*, Tiberius BALAES2, Georgiana PARFENE1, Cătălin TANASE3 and
Gabriela BAHRIM1 ....................................................................................................................771
INFLUENCE OF VOLATILE OILS ON IN VITRO GROWTH
INFESTANS
OF PHYTOPHTHORA
Mihai L. PALADE1,2, Laura MARIN1, Carmen MANOLE1* and Alina BUTU1 .....................772
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED BY SOLID STATE
ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF GOAT MILK FAT WITH CANDIDA LIPOLYTICA
WHOLE CELLS
Georgiana PARFENE*, Liliana BUTE, Vicenţiu B. HORINCAR and
Gabriela BAHRIM .....................................................................................................................773
FT-IR STUDIES OF CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
MATERIALS
AND NATURAL ZEOLITE
Oana L. POP1*, Amalia MESAROS3, Florinale FETEA1, Zorita DIACONEASA1, Dan C.
VODNAR1, Carmen SOCACIU1 and Doru PAMFIL2 ..............................................................774
RESEARCH REGARDING THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS
Steliana RODINO1,2, Marian BUTU2*, Georgeta FIDLER1,2, Alina BUTU2, Constanta
NEGOESCU3 and Călina P. CORNEA1 ....................................................................................775
PRELIMINARY RESULTS REGARDING
BIOCONTROL BACILLUS SP. STRAINS
MOLECULAR
DIFFERENTIATION
IN
Oana A. SICUIA1,2*, Călina P. CORNEA1 and Florica CONSTANTINESCU2 ......................776
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES PROFILES FROM SOIL ......
Ana-Maria TĂNASE1,2*, Iulia CHICIUDEAN1, Robertina IONESCU1, Ligia MILEA3, Călina
P. CORNEA2, Tatiana VASSU1 and Ileana STOICA1 ...............................................................777
ASPERGILLUS AND FUSARIUM FUNGAL ELICITATION
IMPROVES CALLUS
BIOMASS AND IN VITRO EMBRYOGENY IN CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS (L.) G. DON
Dipti TONK, Abdul MUJIB*, Tasiu ISAH and Muzamil ALI ..................................................778
SESSION 8: VETERINARY MEDICINE - FUNDAMENTAL AND PRECLINICAL
SCIENCES
THE COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE TIME TO PEAK CONCENTRATION AND
THE TERMINAL HALF-LIFE OF TWO PRODUCTS BASED ON PRAZIQUANTEL, IN A
BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY
Alexandra ARION1, István TÖRÖK2, Ferenc NAGY2, Annamária IMRE2, Francisc Andrei
BODA2, Cristina STEFĂNUS1, Ildiko BARABASI1 and Laurenţ OGNEAN1 .........................779
CORONARY ARTERIES IN PIGS (SUS SCROFA DOM.)
COLLATERALS OF CORONARY ARTERIES
- DEEP MYOCARDIAL
Alexandra BLENDEA1, Ioana CHIRILEAN1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ..............................................780
METHODS OF UNDERWATER RESEARCH BY SCUBA DIVING
Cristin BORDA1*, Silvana POPESCU, Cristina I. EL MAHDY1 .............................................781
64
COMPARISON OF STRAY DOG POPULATION MANAGEMENT BETWEEN TEL AVIV
(ISRAEL) AND CLUJ-NAPOCA (ROMANIA)
Cristin BORDA1*, Silvana POPESCU1, Cristina I. EL MAHDY1, L. WALLENSTEIN1 .......782
AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR INDUCING PERIODONTAL PATHOLOGY IN RAT:
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND ENZYMATIC ASPECTS
Adina Bianca BOŞCA1, Aranka ILEA1, Alina Simona ȘOVREA1, Anne Marie CONSTANTIN1,
Flavia RUXANDA2, Vasile RUS2*, Cristian RAȚIU3, Viorel MICLĂUŞ2 ...............................783
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF CONVENTIONAL ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS
AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF PROTOTHECA SPP.
Cosmina BOUARI1*, Nicodim FIŢ2, Sorin RĂPUNTEAN2, George NADĂŞ2, Flore CHIRILĂ2,
Adrian GAL1, Pompei BOLFĂ1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN1, Marian TAULESCU1, Andraş NAGY1
and Cornel CĂTOI1 ....................................................................................................................784
COMPARATION OF CYTOBRUSH (CYTOSPIN), BIOPSY AND CULTURE METHODS OF
THE ENDOMETRIUM IN MARES
Latife ÇAKIR1, Kutlay GURBULAK2, Kadir Semih GUMUSSOY3 and
Osman KUTSAL4 .......................................................................................................................785
HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY OF A DOG
Mehmet Onder KARAYIGIT1, Hanefi EROL2, Gültekin ATALAN2, Latife ÇAKIR1
Muhammed Kaan YONEZ2, Ali Cesur ONMAZ3 and Kemal VAROL3 ...................................786
DEVELOPMENT OF PMP GENE-SPECIFIC PCR ASSAY WITH A HOST SPECIFIC
INTERNAL CONTROL FOR CHLAMYDOPHILA FELIS
Zafer CANTEKIN1*, Hasan SOLMAZ2, Nuri ALTUG3, Gamze Ozge OZMEN1 .....................787
COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE PELVIC LIMB SKELETON IN THE
CHINCHILLA (C. LANIGERA) AND IN THE DOMESTIC RABBIT (C. CUNICULUS)
Adriana CHENDE1, Irina IRIMESCU1*, Florin GHIURCO1 and Aurel DAMIAN1 .................788
PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION OF TUNICAE IN LARGE ARTERIES IN RABBIT
Dalma CSIBI1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1, Cristian MARTONOŞ1, Cristian DEZDROBITU1, Vasile
RUS1*, Flavia RUXANDA1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ..........................................................................789
THE EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL 17-BETA ESTRADIOL ADMINISTERING ON
CALCIUM METABOLISM REGULATION IN YOUNG LAYING HENS
Nicolae DOJANĂ1*, Iuliana CODREANU1, Rosalie BĂLĂCEANU2 .....................................790
THE USE OF AN IMPROVED TECHNIQUE IN THE MUMMIFICATION OF THE
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF THE RABBIT
Ioana DUMITRU1, Cristian DEZDROBITU1, Bianca MATOSZ1, Cristian MARTONOS1, Florin
SILAGHI1 and Aurel DAMIAN1 ...............................................................................................791
ANTIMICROBIAL
ASSORTMENTS
EFFECT OF
DIFFERENT
COMMERCIAL MANUKA
HONEY
Mara GEORGESCU1*, Mimi DOBREA2, Anca Alexandra DOBREA (POPESCU) 2, Dragoş
GEORGESCU3 ...........................................................................................................................792
MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF IMPORTED
LOCALLY HARVESTED BLACK SEA MUSSELS
FROZEN
MUSSELS
AND
Mara GEORGESCU1*, Mimi DOBREA2, Iuliana NEAGU2 , Anca Alexandra DOBREA
(POPESCU) 2, Rosalie DOJANĂ2 ..............................................................................................793
65
ALTERATIONS OF GLUTAMATE, GLUTAMINE AND GLYCINE AMINO ACIDS IN
CYFLUTHRIN EXPOSED RAT BRAIN
Dilek GUVENC1*, Abdurrahman AKSOY1, Enes ATMACA1 ..................................................794
SOME TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DICHLORVOS ON RAT TESTES
Dilek GUVENC1, Abdurrahman AKSOY1, Yonca Betil KABAK2, Enes ATMACA1,Yavuz
Kursad DAS1, Tolga GUVENC2* ...............................................................................................795
OVERVIEW OF COCCIDIOSIS SHEEP IN
(EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION) (ALGERIA)
THE
REGION
OF
DJELFA
K. HAMRAT1*, A.YAHIA2, V. COZMA3 ................................................................................796
COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE THORACIC LIMB SKELETON IN THE
CHINCHILLA (C. LANIGERA) AND IN THE DOMESTIC RABBIT (C. CUNICULUS)
Irina IRIMESCU1*, Bob Delia1, Calin POP1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ................................................797
DEFENSIVE AGGRESSION IN SHELTER DOGS
Timea Andrea KOCIS1, Ioan ŢIBRU1........................................................................................798
REPRESENTATION BY PERCENTAGE OF THE TUNICAE OF THE LARGE ARTERIES
IN CHINCHILLAS
Cristian MARTONOS1*, Cristian DEZDROBITU1, Vasile RUS1, Viorel MICLĂUȘ1, Irina
IRIMESCU1, Aurel DAMIAN1 ..................................................................................................799
MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF METASTATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA IN A
DOG
Andras-Laszlo NAGY1*, Alexandru-Flaviu TABARAN1, Marian MIHAIU1, Cornel CĂTOI1,
Cosmina BOUARI1, Adrian OROS1 ..........................................................................................800
CHARACTERISTIC MORPHO-PHISIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FAT SPHERULES AND
CELLULAR CONGLOMERATES OF GOAT AND SHEEP MILK
Alina NĂSALEĂN1, Laurenţiu OGNEAN1*, Cristina ŞTEFANUŢ1, Sanda ANDREI2, Rodica
SOMEŞAN1 ................................................................................................................................801
TAXIDERMIC ASPECTS OF THE AUTOPODIUM IN THE DOG (CANIS LUPUS
FAMILIARIS)
Călin Csaba POP1*, Irina IRIMESCU1, Bianca Alexandra MATOSZ1, Florin STAN1 and Aurel
DAMIAN1 ..................................................................................................................................802
THE EFFECT OF LAMIUM ALBUM AND LAMIUM PURPUREUM EXTRACTS ON SOME
BLOOD PARAMETERS UNDER ANAKINETIC STRESS CONDITIONS IN WISTAR RATS
Ioana ROMAN1*, Constantin PUICĂ1, Vlad TOMA1 ...............................................................803
CORRELATION BETWEEN PERCENTAGE OF THE TESTICULAR ENDOCRINE
COMPONENT AND PREPUBER MALE TEMPER
Vasile RUS1*, Flavia RUXANDA1, Bianca BOSCA2, Cristian RATIU3, Adrian GAL1, George
NADĂS1, Viorel MICLĂUS1.....................................................................................................804
OXIDATIVE STRESS EVALUATION IN RATS ANESTHETIZED WITH ISOFLURANE OR
SEVOFLURANE
Flavia RUXANDA1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1*, Vasile RUS1, Adrian GAL1 and Liviu OANA1 ......805
66
BLOOD TRANSFUSION WITH CANINE BLOOD IN TWO CATS WITH HYPOVOLEMIC
ANEMIA
Orsolya SÁRPATAKI1, Ioana BEDECEAN1, Răzvan CODEA2, Lucia BEL2, Raul CĂTANĂ3,
Ioan MARCUS1, Bogdan SEVASTRE1 .....................................................................................806
PCR ASSAY WITH HOST SPECIFIC INTERNAL CONTROL FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREUS FROM BOVINE MILK SAMPLES
Zafer CANTEKIN1, Yasar ERGUN2, Hasan SOLMAZ3*, Gamze OZGE OZMEN1, Melek
DEMIR1, Radhwane SAIDI4 ......................................................................................................807
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF LUNGS IN RABBITS AND GUINEA PIGS
Florin STAN1..............................................................................................................................808
HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE PROVENTRICULUS AND GIZZARD OF POSTHATCH BRONZE TURKEY (MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO GALLOPAVO)
David YOVCHEV1*, Kamelia STAMATOVA-YOVCHEVA1, Rosen DIMITROV1, Radoslav
MIHAYLOV2 .............................................................................................................................809
SESSION 9: VETERINARY MEDICINE - CLINICAL SCIENCES
ESTERIFIED GLUCOMANNAN IMPROVES AFLATOXIN-INDUCED DAMAGE OF
SPERM PARAMETERS DURING LIQUID STORAGE OF RAM SEMEN AT 5 °C
Mehmet Bozkurt ATAMAN1*, Mustafa Numan BUCAK 1, Kenan ÇOYAN2 ..........................810
EFFECT OF CLOVE OIL AND ELECTRIC STUNNING ON BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD
PARAMETERS IN CARP
Alexander ATANASOFF1, Dimitrinka ZAPRYANOVA2, Rumen ROYDEV3*, Nadia
BOZAKOVA1, Veselin IVANOV2 ............................................................................................811
ULTRASONOGRAPHIG ASPECTS OF MAMMARY TUMOURS IN BITCHES
Iulia Maria BALACI1*, Simona CIUPE 1, A. R. POP1, Laura PARLAPAN1, Alexandra ARION1,
Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU1, I. S. GROZA1 ...............................................................................812
METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING SOME MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE CANINE
NAZAL MUCOSA
Emilia BALINT1*, Florin DUMITRESCU1, Iuliana MIHAI2, Nicolae MANOLESCU1...........813
EGG BINDING IN A FEMALE PIGEON – A CASE REPORT
Lucia BEL, Răzvan CODEA, Cosmin PEŞTEAN, Ciprian OBER, Liviu OANA ....................814
SURGICAL MANAGEMET OF DYSTOCIA IN SNAKES AND LIZARDS
Lucia BEL, A. MIHALCA, C. PEŞTEAN, C. OBER, L. OANA..............................................815
FOOD QUALITY – A MANDATORY APPROACH FOR FOOD SAFETY
Mădălina BELOUS1 ...................................................................................................................816
INTEREST OF INDUCING ACCESSORY CORPUS LUTEUM IN THE DAIRY COW
Mohamed BESBACI1, Rachid KAIDI2 and Mounir MIBARKI1 ...............................................817
67
EVALUATION OF THE FERTILITY RATE OF THE MOUFLON SEMEN THROUGH
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN SYNCHRONIZED SHEEP
Mihai Marian BORZAN1*, Iancu Adrian MORAR2, Emoke PALL2, Alexandru Raul POP2, Ioan
PAŞCA1, Adrian CÎMPEAN, Ioan Stefan GROZA2 ..................................................................818
RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. AVIUM FROM
MB/BACT BOTTLES USING PCR
Andra-Cristina BOSTĂNARU1*, Mihai MARES1, Aurelian Sorin PASCA1, Gheorghe
SAVUTA1...................................................................................................................................819
MPT64 ANTIGEN SIMPLE AND RAPID TEST FOR IDENTIFICATION AND
DISCRIMINATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS COMPLEX FROM
NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA
Andra-Cristina BOSTĂNARU1*, Daniela DICULENCU2, Mihai MARES1, Gheorghe
SAVUTA1...................................................................................................................................820
THE HELMINTH FAUNA OF THE APODEMUS SYLVATICUS IN THE REPUBLIC OF
MOLDOVA
Oleg CHIHAI1*, D. ERHAN1, B. ROMASHOV3, N. ROMASHOVA3, N. TALAMBUTA2, S.
RUSU1, V. NISTREANU1, A. LARION1 ..................................................................................821
RESISTANCE AND ADAPTIVE CAPACITIES OF THE CALVES BEING AFFECTED BY
COMBINED STRESSFUL FACTORS DURING THEIR EARLY POSTNATAL
ONTHOGENESIS
P. PAVALIUC1, D. ERHAN2, Ş. RUSU2, O. CHIHAI2*, M. ZAMORNEA2,
E. GHERASIM2 .........................................................................................................................822
THE ROLE OF FEEDING TYPE IN SALMONELLA SPP. TRANSMISSION
Zoriţa Maria COCORA1*, Ioan ŢIBRU1 ....................................................................................823
CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL MODIFICATIONS INDUCED BY CONTROLED
HYPOTHERMIA IN HEALTHY DOGS
Răzvan CODEA1, Cosmin PEŞTEAN1, Constantin BODOLEA 4, Mircea MIRCEAN 2 Orsolya
SÁRPATAKI3, Ciprian OBER1, Lucia BEL1, Liviu OANA1 ....................................................824
MANAGEMENT
OF
HYDROTHERAPY
THE
ORTHOPEDIC
CANINE
PATIENT
THROUGH
Laura HOMESCU1, Andrei Razvan CODEA1*, Liviu OANA1 .................................................825
GAIT ANALYSIS USIND ACCELEROMETRY IN HORSE
Cristian Mihăită CRECAN1*, Daniela Claudia OROS1, Liviu Ioan OANA1, Mihai Oltean, Călin
Cosmin Repciuc1 and Simon IZING2* .......................................................................................826
OVARIAN DISEASES PREVALENCE STUDY ON COWS WITHIN A FARM IN
NORTHEASTERN MOLDOVA
Ioana Cristina CRIVEI 1, E. RUGINOSU 2, D. DRUGOCIU 1, P. ROSCA1 .............................827
DIAGNOSIS OF AGENTS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE FROM GOAT MILK WITH
SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN HATAY REGION
Zafer CANTEKIN1, Gamze Özge ÖZMEN1, Melek DEMIR1, Zeynep YILMAZ ER1, Hasan
SOLMAZ2, Yaşar ERGUN3* ......................................................................................................828
68
THE FIRST PRESENTMENT OF THE TREMATOFAUNA OF THE RANA RIDIBUNDA
AND RANA LESSONAE (AMPHIBIA: RANIDAE) SPECIES IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF
MOLDOVA
D. ERHAN*, E. GHERASIM ....................................................................................................829
ASSIGNMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN FOOD SAFETY
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF FOOD SAFETY
AUTORITY
(EFSA)
IN
Magdalena GONCIAROV1 ........................................................................................................830
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS REGULATORY IN SAFETY FOOD FIELD
Magdalena GONCIAROV1 ........................................................................................................831
DOMINANT OCCURRENCE OF RHIPICEPHALUS SANGUINEUS ON DOGS FROM TWO
WESTERN COUNTIES OF ROMANIA (ARAD AND TIMIŞ)
Mirela IMRE1*, Marius S. ILIE1 Kàlmàn IMRE2, and Gheorghe DĂRĂBUȘ1 ........................832
EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH-FLUX HEMODIALYSIS FOR THE REDUCTION OF SERUM
UREA AND CREATININE LEVELS IN LIFE THREATENING ETHYLENE GLYCOL
POISONING IN DOGS - CASE REPORT
Mircea MIRCEAN1, Cristian POPOVICI1, Răzvan CODEA2*, Cosmin PEŞTEAN2, Orsolya
SARPATAKI3, Lucia BEL2, Liviu OANA2, Aurel BIZO4 ........................................................833
THE RELEVANCE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTESTINAL
ILEUS IN HORSES
Mircea MIRCEAN*1, Iuliu SCURTU1, Liviu OANA1, Cosmin PESTEAN1, Cristian
POPOVICI1, Gavril GIURGIU1 .................................................................................................834
E. COLI AND CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS ASSOCIATED MORTALITY IN OSTRICH
(STRUTHIO CAMELUS) – A CASE REPORT
Mihaela NICULAE1*, Marina SPÎNU and Emoke PALL ..........................................................835
TREATMENT OF LONG BONE FRACTURES IN 2 FOALS
Daniela Claudia OROS1 *, Cristian Mihăită CRECAN1 Liviu Ioan OANA1, Călin Cosmin
REPCIUC1 and Simon IZING2*.................................................................................................836
EXPRESSION PROFILES OF CIRCULATING CYTOKINES IN PIGS IMMUNIZED WITH
TWO DIFFERENT RABIES VACCINES
R.G. PLESCA1, Bernard KLONJKOWSKI2 and Gheorghe SAVUTA1*..................................837
THE IMPORTANCE OF ACID-BASE ANALYSIS IN DOGS WHIT ORTHOPEDIC
PROCEDURES UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA (P)
Cristian Paul POPOVICI1, Cosmin PESTEAN2,Razvan CODEA2, Gavril GIURGIU1, Constantin
Bodolea3, Liviu OANA2 .............................................................................................................838
SMALL BONE DEFECTS AUGMENTATION
Cristian RAŢIU1, Simona CAVALU1, Adina Bianca BOŞCA2, Flavia RUXANDA3, Vasile
RUS3*, Viorel MICLĂUŞ3 .........................................................................................................839
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE THERMAL PROCESSING
PRODUCTS AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
OF SOME MEAT
Adrian-Anton SĂLĂGIAN FLOREA1,2, Marian MIHAIU1 and Ioan PASCA1* ......................840
DETECTION OF PARAINFLUENZA TYPE 3 VIRUS ANTIGENS IN GOATS
Adriana ANIȚĂ1, Dragoș ANIȚĂ1, Cristian RĂILEANU1, Gheorghe SAVUȚA1* ..................841
69
Q FEVER IS ALSO A PETS’ ZOONOSIS!
Sabrina SELLALI1, Hamza KHALED1 and Abdallah BOUYOUCEF1*...................................842
CYTOLOGIC EVALUATION OF EARLY MAMMARY INFECTIONS IN BITCH
Iosif VASIU1, Marina SPÎNU, Mihaela NICULAE1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN and
Florinel Gheorghe BRUDAŞCĂ1 ...............................................................................................843
SPLENIC AND OTHER INTRA-ABDOMINAL FORMATIONS OF A LYMPHOID AND
VASCULAR NATURE IN DOGS, DIAGNOSED THROUGH IMAGING AND PATHOLOGIC
ANATOMY
Cristina-Alice VULPE¹, Sorin Aurelian PASCA², Vasile VULPE, Leonardo MEOMARTINO³,
Ionel PAPUC¹.............................................................................................................................844
GLOMERULAR AND TUBULAR MARKERS IN DOGS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY
FAILURE AND HEALTHY CONTROL DOGS
Anton RUSENOV1*, Dimitrinka ZAPRYANOVA2, Nikolina RUSENOVA3, Alexander
ATANASOFF4 and Veselin IVANOV5 .....................................................................................845
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUNDS ON SPASTIC MUSCLE IN DOGS WITH
THORACO-LUMBAR SPINAL DISEASE ASSESED BY ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
Adina ZBÂNGU1*, Gabriela-Dumitrita STANCIU1 , Gh. SOLCAN1 .......................................846
SESSION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTICS SCIENCES
BIORETENTION SYSTEMS OR SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE SYSTEMS FOR RURAL AND
AGRICULTURAL AREAS
Păuniţa BOANCĂ*1, Emil LUCA1, Adelina DUMITRAŞ1, Laura LUCA2, Giurgiu, R.1 .........847
THE MONITORIZATION OF LAND SLIDES WITH THE AID OF TOPO-GEODESYC
METHODS
1
1
2
Istvan BOTOND SZILAGYI , Marcel DÎRJA , Mihai VOEVOD ...........................................848
ECOTOPOLOGY DESCRIPTION OF FRATA AMELIORATION PERIMETER (CLUJ
COUNTY)
Cristian Aurelian BUTA, Marcel DIRJA, Adela HOBLE* ........................................................849
THE MORPHOMETRIC CRITERIA OF CETATUIA HILL - SOTHERN SLOPE (CLUJNAPOCA) ALTER BY EROSION PROCESS
Marcel DIRJA1, Adela HOBLE1*, Alexandru COLISAR1, Adrian SCHIPOR2.........................850
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF WOODEN STRUCTURES BY USING FEM
Marius Serban FETEA ...............................................................................................................851
SPECIES INVENTORY OF VEGETATION COVER FROM CETATUIA HILL - SOTHERN
SLOPE (CLUJ-NAPOCA) ALTER BY EROSION PROCESS
Adela HOBLE*, Marcel DIRJA, Mihai VOEVOD, Vasile CEUCA .........................................852
USING GIS SYSTEM IN ASSESSING REAL ESTATE PROPERTY
Voichiţa ROIB1*and Ilinca ROIB2 ..............................................................................................853
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION HABITS OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
Andrea MÜLLER-FABIAN* .....................................................................................................854
70
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES TESTING
Rodica Silvia STAN1, Elvira OROIAN1, Mihaela MIHAI1, and Livia BRADEA2* .................855
71
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
72
Section 1: Agriculture
PLANT BREEDING: NEW DIRECTIONS FOR AN OLD SCIENCE
Clay SNELLER*
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, USA.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: demands, genomic selection, marker assisted selection
Introduction. Plant breeding is a vital component to meeting the pressing food and fiber
demands of the future. Yet fundamental plant breeding paradigm remains little changed since
its inception. Statistics have made this process more accurate, machines have allowed the use
of larger populations, and molecular tools such as marker-assisted selection have improved
efficiency for some large effect genes. Plant breeding is effective but is also slow and
inefficient. Recently, next-generation sequencing has made it possible to genotype an
individual with 1,000s of markers for very little cost. This could have far reaching
implications plant breeding, though like all technologies there are pitfalls as well as potential.
I will discuss our application of large marker data sets to applied plant breeding of wheat with
a focus on traits with complex inheritance such as yield and resistance to one disease. One
application is association analysis to identify QTLs, though this approach has not been
particularly fruitful in our program. The second application is Genomic Selection (GS). Our
preliminary results with GS appear quite promising. Our cross validation results suggest the
relative efficiency of GS compared to phenotypic selection is about 0.5. Through two cycles
of GS we have seen an improvement of predicted breeding values resulting from GS.
Aims. I will present some ideas on extending and integrating GS into an on-going plant
breeding program.
73
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN GRASSLAND IN FLANDERS
AND IN TRANSYLVANIA
Lucien CARLIER², Didier HUYGENS1, Ioan ROTAR3, Roxana VIDICAN3,
Anamaria MĂLINAŞ3
1
University College KaHo Sint-Lieven, Agro- and Biotechnology, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
2
Eurappel vzw, Leuven, Belgium.
3
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
Cluj-Napoca Romania.
Keywords: grassland, differences, biodiversity, productivity, Flanders, Transylvania
Introduction. Since World War II, plant breeding, land improvement and the use of fertilisers
and pesticides have been applied as means of increasing primary production. In countries
where pasture production is highly seasonal, countries with either cold winters or hot dry
summers, feeding systems using cereals (especially maize cultivation) and protein-rich
supplements (soybean meal), as well as crop by-products (sugar beet pulp, swill, …) have
been developed to meet the nutritional needs of herbivores when there is insufficient grass to
graze to meet the animals needs for maintenance, pregnancy and meat and milk production. In
countries with plenty of cheap available cereals, pulses and crop by-products, feedlot systems
have been developed in which cattle never feel a need to utilise pastoral resources at all
(Huygens et al., 2013).
Aims. This study aims to make a comprehensive analysis of low-input grassland system
characteristic to Flandra, Belgium and Transylvania, Romania.
Materials and Methods. In order to fulfill the objective proposed a brief and comprehensive
analysis of both regions taken to be studied was made. For each region a specific area was
chosen, namely Flandra for Belgium and Apuseni Mountain for Transylvania, Romania.
Results. The study pointed out lot of differences between the two areas taken into study.
While Flanders grassland stand up thru their high productivity, grasslands from Transylvania
are remarkable due to their abundance and richness of meadow species.
These differences appeared as a result of many factors from which the different soil type,
height and climatic condition are mandatory. No less important is the management applied
felt especially on grassland biodiversity. These regions have a common point thru their
importance throughout the country and for locals, particularly.
Conclusion. The differences in soil type, height and climate as well as the management
applied drafted lot of differences between the two areas taken into study.
References
1. Huygens D., Vidican R., Rotar I., Mălinaş A. (2013). Exploitation and management of low
input grassland systems, KaHo Sint-Lieven, Agro- and Biotechnology, Sint-Niklaas
Belgium: 5.
74
TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK) (LEPIDOPTERA GELECHIIDAE)
ADULT FEEDING ON TOMATO LEAVES
Raul BAETAN1, Ion OLTEAN1, Rocco ADDANTE 2, Francesco PORCELLI 2*
1
2
DiSSPA Entomology and Zoology, UNIBA Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
*
Keywords: adult feeding, solanaceous crops, Tuta absoluta
Introduction. The Tomato Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae),
is actually a most dangerous pest of solanaceous crops.
Aims. While demonstrating the Tomato Leaf Miner adults, both male and female, ability to
feed on tomato leaves we report an unexpected behaviour for this microlepidoptera. This
paper details also morphological adaptation of the proboscis involved in feeding and
evidences of the action on the leaves.
Materials and Methods. Observation were given by digital camera-equipped stereoscope
and Cryo-SEM.
Results. We discuss the mean of adult feeding in respect to moth mating and egg laying. A
possible use of adult feeding in Tomato Leaf Miner IPM is also discussed.
Conclusions. The adult Tomato Leaf Miner is capable to feed by wounding tomato leaf by its
proboscis.
75
AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS FROM
CLUJ COUNTY
Ştefan BAKOS1, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ2*
1
2
Soil and Agrochemical Studies Office Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords: agro-chemistry, resources, limitative, productive.
Introduction. Taking into account a wide variety of pedologyc-climatic conditions, soils
differ greatly through morphological, physical and chemical characteristics, as well as in
terms of fertility and productive potential (Bakoș and Miclăuș, 2001). The often use of wrong
or inadequate technologies for cultures don’t only affects quantities and quality of agricultural
production, but also put in danger the reserve of soil (Bakoș, 2001, Rusu et al., 2005,
Mărghitas et al., 2011).
Aims. The aim of this work was grouping soils depending on the main agrochemical and
pedologycal features, as well as the prognosis of the evolution of the pedologycal fund in the
context of technologization and agricultural chemicalization in Cluj.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted within the territory from Cluj County
on an area of 426,177 ha, representing the area of agricultural lands from the total of 667,400
ha.
Description of specific pedologyc-climatic conditions of the studied area, the delineation and
definition of soil units and lands as well as analysis of the main chemical characteristics of the
soil was done using Soil Assessment Study Methodology (Vol. I, II, III), developed by ICPA
Bucharest.
Results. From the synthetic situation presented above results that primarily in Cluj County
dominate moderately acidic and acid soils on over 50% of the area mapped. Nor in terms of
content of main nutrients is a positive evolution. And here we refer primarily to the content of
phosphorus. Results it appears a fairly large proportion of soils have a deficient in phosphorus
(70%), lower than the limit of 30-35 ppm P (AL), considered as the threshold for satisfying
crops with phosphorus
Conclusion. In terms of soils reaction dominates low and moderately acidic soils (50%)
because of the climatic conditions and the application of fertilizers without an agrochemical
basis.Regarding the content of the main nutrients is observed primarily a deficiency of
phosphorus (70% of the mapped surface), a deficiency induced by inappropriate agrotechnical
works and wrong application of chemical and organic fertilizers.
References
1. Bakos St. (2001). Soils on the sunny slopes from the Transylvanian Plain, PhD Thesis,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca.
2. Marghitas M., Mihai M., Toader C., Moldovan L., Roman G. (2011). Handbook of
agricultural plant fertilization technology. Academic Press Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca.
3. Rusu M., Marghitas M., Mihailescu T., Oroian I., Dumitras A. (2005). Treaty of
agrochemical studies, Ceres Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca.
76
RESEARCH ON THE REACTION OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO
DISEASES ATTACK IN 2013, IN THE COUNTY OF BRĂILA
Alexandru Gheorghe BĂLAȘU, Cristinel Relu ZALĂ* and Stelica CRISTEA
Department of Plant Science. University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest.
*
Keywords: attack, bacterial burning, cultivars, soybean,soybean mosaic potyvirus
Introduction. Soybeans were introduced and expanded in culture in Romania in 1911
(Dencescu and Popa, 1973). Bacterial burning is a widespread disease in soybeans, which
occurs most frequently under cold and wet climate. Widely cultivated soybean is susceptible
to diseases, the most common being the bacterial ones (Jagtap and Dey, 2012). Soybean
mosaic potyvirus is spread everywhere in the world wide as the most damaging viral
phytopathogens soybeans. Soybean mosaic causes stunting of plants and crinkled and
mottling of leaves. Fusarium species can infect plants at any stage of soybean development
but infection is particularly favored when plants are weakened. The study was developed
during the
proces
of
doctoral
studies,
conducted
within
the
project
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765, project co-financed by ESF through POSDRU 2007-2013.
Materials and Methods. Three cultivars were tested: PR92M22, PR92B63, PR91M10.
Visual observation is the fastest method to identify a disease based on signs and symptoms
shown by infected soybean plants. Scouting for pathogens attack has a particular importance
in soybean to establishing the need for chemical treatments during the vegetation season. The
attack value is represented by frequency (F%), intensity (I%) and attack degree (AD%).
Intensity indicates the degree to which the soybean plant is attacked under examination.
Intensity was noted directly in percentage. The attack degree present severity of pathogens in
the crop and was calculated using the frequency (disease incidence) and intensity (severity).
Results. Infected plants with Soybean mosaic potyvirus and Pseudomonas savastanoi pv.
glycinea manifested only lesions on the leaves. The data presented show the results on the
behaviour of some soybeans cultivars to the diseases attack under natural contamination.
Conclusion: Soybean mosaic potyvirus and bacterial burning in soybeans was limited to
leaves. Symptoms of bacterial burning occurred on the upper floor leaves.
References
1. Dencescu S., Popa, Gh., (1973). Soiuri de soia cultivate şi tehnologia producerii de
seminţe. Probleme agricole, 4: 5-12.
2. Jagtap G., Dey U., (2012). Bacterial Blight of Soybean: Pseudomonas syringae pv.
glycinea. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing.
77
INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION UPON WEEDY DEGREE
IN MAIZE
Ileana BOGDAN1, Teodor RUSU2, Adrian POP1, Paula MORARU1, Ştefania GÂDEA1,
Tincuta GOCAN1, Bogdan DUDA1, Nicoleta IOICA2
1
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
2
Technological College „Stefan Manciulea” Blaj, Romania.
*
Keywords: maize, crop rotation, weedy degree, interactions.
Introduction. Weed control is vital for high yields of good quality crops and to prevent the
spread of pests and diseases. Many factors determine weed incidence and effective weed
management in arable crops requires integration of them all: crop choice and rotation,
managing the weed seedbank, cultivations, drilling date, crop competition, herbicide choice,
application and timing, recent weed control strategies, weather, agronomist/farmer
perceptions (Davis et all, 2010). Modern weed control in maize involves an integrated
program that involves the old methods (plowing, hoeing, rotation) and herbicides. By
integrated control, all the measures are framed into one system. While framed into a system,
each method becomes more eficient and more economical (Berca, 2004).
Aims. Through the research that was done to develop this work, we aimed to elucidate some
aspects considering the weeding distinctiveness of this crop in Alba county and its variability
in different rotations that involve maize crop and the aspects related to the between crop
rotations, climatically conditions, and weedy degree in maize, for reducing the impact of
weeds upon maize and for decreasing the chemical weed control in this crop.
Materials and Methods. The research were performed over a period of 4 years 2009- in Alba
county, Blaj area, on a relatively flat field, with a slight tilt (till 7o ) located on the Tarnava
Mare high meadow, on an typical Fluvisol with clay-loam texture in the upper horizon and
moderate humus content (2 - 4%) and nutritive substances. There was applied an
monofactorial experiment with crop rotation as factor and 3 graduation of it: a1 =
monoculture, a2= 3 year rotation: peas - winter wheat – maize, a3 = 4 year rotation: maize potato or sugar beet - maize - winter wheat. The annual experience surface on each rotation in
part STexp/A.= 2520 m2, the total surface of the experiment, on those 3 rotations is 7 560 m2.
Results. Maize monoculture encourages the very significant development of maize weeding,
regardless the climatic conditions in spring. If there aren’t applied effective methods of maize
weeding control in monoculture, as the duration increases, the weeding potential also
increases, due to the development of the maize crop characteristic species. In the fourth year
of monoculture, the early weeding increased with an average of 127 plants/ m 2, which
represents as huge risk for the maize crop. The three year rotation, with the whole system of
works and the corresponding inputs, which attends it, decreases starting with the second year
significantly distinct maize average weed, and from the third year of the rotation, the
decreasing is very significant. The four year rotation arises very signifiant from a statistical
point of view in reducing the early weed of maize, from the second year of the rotation.
78
SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE
REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Boris BOINCEAN*
Selection Research Institute of Field Crops, Alecu Russo State University, Bălţi,
Republic of Moldova.
*
Keywords: agricultural intensification, sustainable farming system.
Introduction. Industrial model of agricultural intensification in Moldova didn't allow to
achieve a sustainable development of agriculture in Moldova, because of high dependence
from nonrenewable sources of energy and their derivates (fuel, mineral fertilizers, especially,
nitrogen, pesticides etc). Prices for such resources are very high at the moment, but they will
increase in the future. Besides the economic reason, the negative ecological and social
consequences of their application are well documented. Farmers are looking for alternatives to
existing conventional farming systems with less dependency from nonrenewable sources of
energy and their derivates.
Aims. The alternative approach to farm intensification is based not on increased industrial
inputs, but on more intensive recycling of nutrients and renewable energy at the local level in
each farm.
Materials and Methods. It can be done only by implementing the system approach to farm
intensification instead of simplistic (reductionistic) one. Our modern farming systems need
more ecological (system) modernization than technological modernization. If to put in the
other way, modern technologies can be efficient only in the frame of rational crop rotations,
which in their turn are well harmonized with the whole farming system. Among the agro
ecological principles to be respected in order to achieve a more sustainable farming system
we should mention: land organization according the landscape particularities with
differentiation of land use; respecting crop rotations with a higher diversity of the main,
successive and cover crops; integration of animal and crop husbandries with a more uniform
distribution of animals in the farm in order to restore soil fertility; integration of agro forestry
in the farm management for an optimal ecological infrastructure etc.
Results. Data obtained in the long-term field experiments at Selectia Research Institute of
Field Crops (Balti, Republic of Moldova) are proving the tendency of yield decrease,
especially during the last 20-25 years, although new varieties and hybrids have been
implemented. It should be mentioned that equality with the diminishing level of soil fertility
the frequency of droughts have increased. It is evident that farming systems should be better
adapted to climate changes in the conditions of global warming. Experimental data allow
finding ways how to reduce inputs of mineral fertilizers, pesticides, fuel for soil tillage,
irrigational water etc, by respecting crop rotations.
Conclusion. The role of mixture of perennial leguminous crops and grasses in crop rotations
is crucial for increasing soil quality with many positive economic, ecological and social
consequences. It was proved that only a friendly for the environment farming system can be
profitable from economic point of view. In order to make a real transition to a more
sustainable farming system we should take in consideration the ecosystem services provided
by agriculture for the environment and society.
79
EFFECT OF A BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND
THE EFFICIENCY ON THE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICUM
ESCULENTUM CERASIFORME), CULTIVATED IN GREENHOUSE
Maria Stela BRADEA1*, S.A. SNOUSSI1 and K. BEGHLAL2
1
Laboratory of Vegetal Biology, University of Blida1, Algeria.
2
Department of Agronomy, University of Blida1, Algeria.
*
Keywords: culture, foliar fertilizer , tomato, treatment.
Introduction. In Algeria, more than one thousand hectares are annually dedicated to the
culture of tomato under greenhouse. It is one of the most important leguminous cultures
cultivated in height fields and under greenhouse with a very variable efficiency every year. To
improve the efficiency and the quality of this vegetable, we use modern techniques of
biological fertilization. The use of fertilizer by the foliar way became a practice known in the
developed countries because it comes to fill the deficiency in nourishing elements in a fast
and effective way but its excessive use entails dangerous effects for vegetables and grounds.
Materials and Methods. The used plant material is the cherry tomato (Lycopersicum
esculentum cerasiforme), variety Red Cherry, strong variety with indefinite growth, with a
calibre of fruits which varies between 15 and 35 cm and a middleweight of 10 in 35g,
sweetened well. The experimental device includes three random blocks, in two treatments (T1
and T2), with two different doses of biological fertilizer, Fertilader (D1 and D2), and control
(T0) with traditional mineral fertilizer NPK (15-15-15) applied in quantity of 30g.
Results. The analysis of the variance shows no significant effect between treatments. We can
say that the dose of 5mL/l of Fertilader gives better results that the dose of 10mL/l (T2) who
shows himself lower than T0 or we used mineral fertilizers NPK.
The statistical analysis for the middleweight of fruits shows not significant differences
between treatments. According to NAUGHTY BOY (1989), the middleweight of fruits is
bound to the variety, to the water supply and to the density of plantation. For the average
efficiency on fruits by plant, the analysis of the variance does not raise significant difference
between treatments and the test of Newman and Keuls lists, the results describe a single
homogeneous group. According to the obtained results we can assert that a dose of 5mlLl of
Fertilader gives good yields (T1 = 1381.98g).
Conclusion. The agriculture in our day is a modern and biological agriculture which uses
improved varieties capable of absorbing big quantities of fertilizer to give bigger and bigger
efficiencies. With the aim of improving the speed of growth, the efficiency and the quality of
fruits to the tomato cultivated under greenhouse, we used a foliar biological fertilizer,
Fertilader. This product was administered in two doses: 5mL/l of water (T1) and 10mL/l of
water (T2), twice a week during the cycle of vegetation of the cherry tomato, the variety Red
Cherry resulting (coming) from Spain. To interpret well the obtained results, we used a
witness (T0) who we administered a classic mineral fertilizer NPK (15-15-15) in quantity of
30g. The treatmentT1 presents the best values what leads to the conclusion that the organic
product Fertilader used under foliar shape in dose of 5mL/l administered twice a week can be
successfully used for the culture of the cherry tomato under greenhouse.
80
APPLICATIONS OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR
EXAMINING SOIL STRUCTURE: A REVIEW
Anca - Elena CALISTRU* and Gerard JITĂREANU
1
Department of Pedotechnics, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iaşi,
Iaşi, Romania.
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: physical properties, soil structure, X-ray CT.
Introduction. The quantification of internal soil structure is the key in understanding the
processes that lead to its development.
Aims. In this paper we present a review of the application of X-ray computed tomography in
soil science, a modern technique for structural analysis.
Materials and Methods. The current analytical and traditional methods for exploring soil
structure no dot fully cover the needs of the researchers, in order to characterize the soil
system and its properties.
Results. In the last decades, X-ray computed tomography has provided a non-destructive
means in order to observe and quantify soils in 3D. It has been used in researches regarding
the spatial distribution of soil pores, bulk density, macropore network structure, layer
detection, permeability, calculated fractal properties, solute breakthrough, root system
development etc.
Conclusion. Compared to other analysis methods, the short time requiered for a CT scan
(within the order of minutes) and the accuracy of the data provided, recommend this
technique for the characterization of soil systems.
81
EVOLUTION OF MICROBIAL FLORA DURING STORAGE OF
MINIMALLY PROCESSED HERBS
Giorgiana Mihaela CĂTUNESCU1, Ioan ROTAR2, Roxana VIDICAN2*,
Ancuța M. ROTAR3, Florina BUNGHEZ3
1
Faculty of Agriculture. UASMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Faculty of Agriculture. UASMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
3
Faculty of Food Science and Technology. UASMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
2
Keywords: dill, lovage, parsley, total plate count, total yeast and mould count.
Introduction. Post-harvest operation, handling and storage of fresh herbs may lead to a
decrease of bioactive compounds content and an increase in microbial contaminants. Minimal
processing seems to be an efficient method that guarantee an extended shelf life and
microbiological safety.
Aims. The aim of the present study was to test the efficiency of minimally processing of
parsley, dill and lovage by monitoring microbial flora during cold storage.
Materials and Methods. Parsley (Petroselinum crispum), dill (Anethum graveolens) and
lovage (Levisticum officinale) were minimally processed and preserved at 4°C for 12 days.
During 12 days of storage total plate count was determined using ISO 4833 : 2003 procedure
and total yeast and mould count was determined using ISO 21527 - 1 : 2008 procedure.
Microbial load was correlated with sensory and biochemical parameters. Statistical analyses
were performed using ANOVA (p < 0.05), Fisher (LSD, α = 5%), Pearson correlation
coefficient.
Results. Parsley had the highest microbial load and lovage had the lowest total yeast and
mould count throughout the study. A lack of legislative regulations for microbiological
parameters of minimally processed products was noted. During the 12-day storage period,
total plate count and total yeast and mould count increased statistically significantly. Total
yeast and mould count were positively correlated with storage. Negative correlations were
observed between total plate count, total yeast and mould count, on one hand, and texture,
content of total chlorophylls, vitamin C and total polyphenols, on the other. However,
divergent conclusions could be drawn by correlating microbial flora with the content of
volatile aroma compounds.
Conclusion. The minimally processed herbs had a high initial microbial contamination level.
Contamination flora increased with storage, regardless of the processing and preservation
temperature. This reinforces the need for specific legislation on microbiological criteria of
minimal processed products. In the absence of thermal processing, only legislative limitation
of total plate count and total yeast and mould count can guarantee shelf life and food security.
82
STUDY OF SOME PRODUCTION AND QUALITY INDEX ON SOME
WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AND LINES CREATED AT ARDS
TURDA
Ovidiu Adrian CECLAN1, Ionut RACZ1,2, Ioan HAS1,2*, Rozalia KADAR1,
Vasile MOLDOVAN1
1
Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, Turda, Romania.
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
2
Keywords: breadmaking quality, yeld, winter wheat.
Introduction. Wheat occupies an important place in world agriculture. Worldwide breeding
programs registered considerable progress in terms of getting the varieties with high yield and
quality traits to fully satisfied manufacturing industry and consumer demands. Choosing
varieties depending on the climatic conditions that are associated with technology inflicted a
decisive factor in the successful cultivation of wheat both in terms of production and quality.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to study the full potential of varieties and lines of winter
wheat created at ARDS Turda in terms of production and quality following the application of
different doses of fertilizer, basic fertilizer and additional fertilizing using N,P, type of
fertilizer. This allows examination of the response of each genotype to apply nutrients but
also to establish minimum and maximum limit of fertilizers
Materials and Methods. The experimental model is balanced square grid method in 6
repetitions (3 +3) with two levels of fertilization. The first three repetitions were fertilized in
the fall complex fertilizers NPK 20:20:0 and the last three repetitions were additionally
fertilized in the spring preceding the pea plant.
Results. From the analysis of the results it is found that all tested varieties react favorably to
fertilization with increases of production and there are differences between varieties reaction
to fertilization. Besides the influence of fertilizers in increasing wheat production, which
contributes to increases of protein content, and in particular nitrogen fertilizers improves the
quality of the harvest.
Conclusion. Low yields and poor quality of crops is often the result of poor technology as
well as insufficient or lack of fertilization, crop rotation failure and not least the improper use
of genotypes for the area that are grown.
83
WEED CONTROL IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATED IN MINIMUM
TILLAGE SYSTEM AND THE PRODUCTION OBTAINED AT ARDS
TURDA
Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Ileana BOGDAN2, Felicia CHEŢAN1,2,
Alina ŞIMON1,2
1
Faculty of Agriculture,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
2
Keywords: minimum tillage, weeds control, production, climate conditions.
Introduction. Soybeans is most value oleoproteaginos plants and is cultivated in, many
countries of the world, being using all of biomass especialy, but seeds it is rich in protein,
fats, vitamins, and minerals salts (Munteanu et al., 1995; Scurtu, 2001; Gus et al., 2004). To
obtain high-quality productions, an especially important role singing against all other
technological links and biological material used, is the weed (Ionescu, 2000). Soy is a
sensitive plant to weeding in the first 25 days of the period of the growing season when plants
are growing more slowly, weeds having a negative effect on production because soy plants
remain poorly developed.
Aims. The aims of research conducted and presented in the paper is researching the influence
and effectiveness of herbicides used for weed control in soybean crop in relation to tillage
system, their influence on the degree of weed and yields obtained.
Materials and Methods. The experiment realized at ARDS Turda in 2012-2013, is an
bifactorial experiment with two factors: 1. The system of soil tillage (A), 2 graduation: A 1 conventional method (plowghing-preparation of the soil-seeding + fertilizing); A2 - minimum
tillage: soil tillage with chisel-seeding + fertilizing. 2. Treatements (B), 12 graduation: B1untreated control, B2-B12, doses, combinations and different times of application.
Results. Soybeans grown under strong high weeds Transylvania Plain unless preventive
measures are taken by the proper differentiated agricultural technology and curative measures
by applying specific complementary action of herbicides in weed control. Climatic conditions
influence the utmost weeding soybean crop.
Conclusion. The average yield obtained in soybean crop in the system with minimum tillage
(chisel version) is 1460 kg/ha, very close to the yields obtained in the conventional system
(with plow) which was 1474 kg/ha, an insignificant difference of - 14 kg/ha. In these
circumstances, we find that the tillage system has no statistically significant influence on the
yields obtained in the soybean crop. Best results are obtained weed B6 variant (Sencor 70 WG
dose 0.4 kg/ha applied ppi, Basagran Forte + Agil dose 2.5 l/ha + 1.0 l/ha post-emergence
application I and variant B7 (Guardian/Acetogan + Sencor 2.2 l/ha + 0.4 kg/ha Preem with
soil incorporation, Pulsar + Fusilade 1.2 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha applied post I).
Aknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
84
RESULTS OBTAINED FROM MAIZE PRODUCTION DURING THE
PERIOD 2012 - 2013 IN MINIMUM TILLAGE, AT ARDS TURDA
Felicia CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Alina ŞIMON1,2,
Mircea IGNEA1
1
2
*
Keywords: maize, agriculture conservative system, clime condition, production.
Introduction. World demand and grain growing, being subject to overload earth it will
exhaust resources, accelerating the process of erosion with serious long-term consequences
(Brown, 1988). Maintaining a certain ballances in agroecosystem is the foundation of
sustainable agriculture through agrotechnics measures and the works required, ensure the
adjustment its components, without irreversible ecological consequences (Rusu et al., 2005).
Aims. Purpose of the research is the development of conservative agriculture exploding
conventional and conservative system in relation to fertilization and combinations of
treatments with chemical fertilizers, fungicides and insecticides.
Materials and Methods. The experiment realised at ARDS Turda in 2012-2013, situated in
Transilvania Plain, on a preluvosol with texture sandy loam-clay type, pH-neutral, supply
good and very good with mobile phosphorus and potassium, soil in humus content is medium.
The experiment realised is an threefactorial experiment with three factors: 1. The system of
soil work (A), 2 graduation: A1- conventional method with ploughing - preparation of the soil
- seeding + fertilizing; A2 – minimum tillage: soil tillage with cisel. 2. Fertilization (B), 2
graduation: B1 - fertilizing with N40P40 at the same with seeding; B2 - fertilizing with N40P40 at
the same with seeding + fertilizing with N40 in 4 - 6 leaf of maize. 3. Treatement in vegetation
(C): 4 graduation in differents phenophases at maize.
Results. Production of maize obtained in the cultivation of conventional system with
plowghing compared to the minimum work with chisel (in the period 2012-2013), have
demonstrated once again that year (weather conditions) determine the harvest. Higher
production values are obtained in the years richer in precipitation that provide fertilizer
applied in solubilizing the early stages of vegetation, therefore production increases were
relatively small in both 2012 and 2013, the differences being between 45-80 kg/ha.
Conclusion. Corn production in 2012 is greater in the classic work of the soil with 352 kg/ha
in the variant with a single fertilization (simultaneously with the sowing) and 570 kg/ha in
two variant derived from the output in the system with the minimum of ground works (the
chisel plough). The influence of the years are very strong, for the production of corn, has led
to the overcoming of the classical minimum system with differences being recorded
productions of 689 kg/ha (variant with a fertilization) and 414 kg/ha (two derived).
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
85
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS PLANT GROWTH MEDIA PREPARED
WITH FRESH AND AGED SPENT MUSHROOM COMPOST ON THE
NUTRIENT CONTENT OF CRYSANTHEMUM
(Chrysanthemum morifolium)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2 and Gülay KARAHAN3
1
Faculty of Forestry, Çankırı Karatekin University, Cankırı, Turkey.
Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Agricultural Ankara, Turkey.
1
Faculty of Forestry, Çankırı Karatekin University, Cankırı, Turkey.
*
2
Keywords: Crysanthemum, growth parameters, growth media, spent mushroom compost,
Introduction. Crysanthemum is one of the most preferred ornamental plants among perennial
plants. The mainly reasons of this are blossoming in autumn, remaining bloomy for a long
time, existence of its different alternatives. Furthermore, it has facility of using inside,
because small bloomy forms of chrysanthemum can be grown in pots.
Aims. In this greenhouse study, nutrients contents of Crysanthemum (Chrysanthemum
morifolium ‘Vista’) in the media containing fresh (unweathered) and ripe (weathered 2 years)
spent mushroom compost that will lessen organic soil input and meet its need of nutrients for
cultivation.
Materials and Methods. In this context, 13 different mixtures including spent mushroom
compost, organic soil and perlite were prepared. Each mixture was tested five times in
completely randomized designed and the effects of mentioned 13 mixtures on nutrients
determined in the end of the trial were compared.
Results. Besides some physical and chemical characteristics of the materials used in the trial,
nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese and
copper were determined as a sign of visual parameters of nutrition of chrysanthemum.
Conclusion. At the end of this study, some advices were given about spent mushroom
compost where chrysanthemum can be grown most appropriately.
86
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE RELATION BETWEEN
MEADOW AND ANIMAL IN BAISOARA COMMUNE
Mirela CIREBEA, Ioan ROTAR*
Keywords: mountain area, vegetation cover, grassland systems management, number of
animals.
Introduction. The mountains formed of the oldest times an environment inhabited by the
humans. All over the European mountains, mountain people have ensured that feed in the first
place by agriculture focused on the animal husbandry especially ruminants. Increasing cattle,
sheep and goats has been widespread concern in Europe with accents and northern temperate
climate zones. Pastures have a very important role in mountain agriculture and are
characterized mainly by small structures and low input systems. After 1990 the management
of grassland systems in Romania has undergone of many important changes. This situation is
mainly caused by the decreasing number of animals and by the diminished interest of people
responsible on its management. In this tendency we can include the natural landscape of
Apuseni Mountains, on which we focused all our attention and which, in fact represents the
object of our study.
Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of mountain grassland reported of
grazing capacity (grassland belongs to Baisoara commune, Apuseni Mountains) under the
influence of the management applied, the level of anthropogenic and tradition influence.
Materials and Methods. For these purposes, studies aimed to determine the floristic
structure, the evolution of livestock and demographic tendency have been conducted.
Vegetation study was made using Braun- Blanquét method.
Results. With the results obtained, vegetation coverage degree and grazing capacity were
determinate and the direction in evolution of vegetation cover was established. For these we
used data regarding the number of animals, as well as data about agricultural surfaces and
demographic evolution. These were taken from the Agricultural Registers of Băisoara
commune (data related to the number of animal and agricultural surfaces) and from The
National Institute of Statistics (data about demographic evolution).
Conclusion. The obtained results showed a close relationship between grassland status and
the number of animals, which led us to the conclusion that the level of intensification of the
crop system determines the direction of evolution.
87
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF BIODYNAMIC
PREPARATIONS FROM TWO VARIETIES OF WHEAT (Triticum
aestivum ssp. vulgare, Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta)
Raul CHIUHAN1*, Marcel DUDA1 Gavrilă MORAR1, Cristina MOLDOVAN1 and
Liviu TOMOŞ1
*
Keywords: biodynamic agriculture, preparation, wheat.
Introduction. In recent decades agricultural production and its yield increased proportionally
with fertilizers and pesticides worldwide who has lead to environmental problems and finally
to climate change. Biodynamic agriculture is an organic agriculture which brings in addition
specific fermented herbal preparations as compost additives and field sprays. Biodynamic
agriculture appeared in 1924 after eight lectures held by Rudolf Steiner in Koberwitz (now
Kobierzyce, Poland).
Aims. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of some biodynamic
preparations on the productivity elements from two subspecies of wheat studied in climatic
conditions of Jucu, Cluj County.
Materials and Methods. The research is founded in one of the experimental field of
UASVM Cluj-Napoca in the town of Jucu, Cluj County during the years: 2011 – 2012 – 2013.
Wheat varieties studied are Arieşan (Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare) and Oberkulem rotkorn
(Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta). The biodynamic preparation used was horn manure (500) and
horn silica (501). We had three variants of fertilization compared with unfertilized: V1 –
unfertilized; V2 – 1 kg/ha horn manure + 2 g/ha horn silica; V3 – 2 kg/ha horn manure + 4
g/ha horn silica; V4 – 3 kg/ha horn manure + 6 g/ha horn silica. Half of the horn manure was
applied in the same time with sowing and the rest of horn manure plus horn silica
postemergence. We took 2 rows of plants from 1 m in ich variety and after that we lead ear
length, number of grains per ear and mass of a thousand grains.
Results. The longest ears were obtained in 2012, 12.76 cm, at the variety Oberkuklem rotkorn
in the variant: 3 kg/ha horn manure + 6 g/ha horn silica. At the Arieşan variety we obtained
greatest ear length in 2012: 8.58 cm with the variant: 3 kg/ha horn manure + 6 g/ha horn
silica.
Conclusion. In the present research work we recorded that in the climatic conditions of Jucu,
Cluj County both variety: Arieşan and Oberkulem rotkorn respond with significant
differences of production in the application of biodynamic preparation. In all three years we
found that biodynamic preparations influence the size ear, number of grains per ear and mass
of thousand grains resulting that biodynamic preparation bring significant influence to the
production of wheat.
88
THE EVOLUTION OF AGROCLIMATIC INDICATORS IN
2009 - 2013 IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Camelia-Liliana COSTE*, Teodor RUSU, Ileana BOGDAN, Adrian Ioan POP,
Paula Ioana MORARU, Bogdan Matei DUDA
*
Keywords: agroclimatic indicators, climate change, Transylvanian Plain
Introduction. Climate warming is a phenomenon already revealed by the analysis of
observational data for long periods of time. Effects of climate change in agriculture is
reflected in changing areas of crop suitability and the phenology and plant vegetation period.
(EEA, 2012)
Aims. Analysis of data obtained in relation to the principles of soil conservation and
adaptation to climate phenomena observed in monitoring agro-climatic factors.
Materials and Methods. In the study we used data of temperature and humidity
electronically recorded by 10 microstations (HOBO-MAN-H21-002 type) located in
Transylvanian Plain, which allows storage of electronic data and viewing them through the
HOBOware Pro Software Version 2.3.0., data were then statistically analyzed and interpreted.
Results. Results highlight the dynamic evolution of soil moisture and air temperature in
Transylvanian Plain due to agro-climatic analysis of the indicators calculated for the period
2009-2013. In this period, the annual average temperature at 10 cm depth in the soil were
between 10.58 ºC (at Triteni station) and 13.23 ºC (at Filpisu Mare station). For Taga and
Dipsa stations, values were 10.73 ºC, respectively 11.49 ºC.
Conclusion. Based on the results obtained from the statistical analysis and interpretation of
agroclimatic indicators can develop specific measures to adapt to the effects of climate change
observed.
References
1. Busuioc A., Dumitrescu Al., Soare E. and Orzan A. (2007). Summer anomalies in 2007 in
the context of extremely hot and dry summers in Romania. Romanian Journal of
Meteorology, Vol. 9, No. 1-2, ISSN 1223-1118
2. *** Climate change, impacts and vulnerability in Europe (2012). An indicator – based
report, Summary, European Environment Agency, ISBN 978-92-9213-346-7, ISSN 17259177, doi:10.2800/66071
89
THE EFFECT OF ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZATION TO POTATO
DUE TO THE AGROCHEMICAL CHANGES MADE TO
DISTRICAMBOSOIL FROM THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS
Ionela DAVID, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ*
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords: potato, fertilization, soil, nutrients.
Introduction. Agriculture has a major contribution to the sustainable rural development and
to the development of the economy of a country, thanks to the implementation of some
agricultural technological systems which helps: to rise the organic matter content in soil, to
reduce the negative impact of soil degradation processes and especially to increase and
maintain the fertility of the soil.
Aims. The project puts forward the agrochemical changes brought to the districambosoil, by
organ-mineral fertilization to the potato crop, located in Avram Iancu village in 2012 – 2013
agricultural year.
Materials and Methods. The experimental design was realized under conditions similar to
those used for obtaining the best potato crop specific in a mountainous region, Avram Iancu
village being located at an altitude between 800 -1100 m. In 2012-2013, the experiment was
bi-factorial started, with Ostara variety, cultivated by the subdivided parcels method. Soil
samples were physico-chemical analyzed considering the ICPA methodology of agrochemical
laboratories (ICPA, 1980, 1981).
Results. The analysis of the main agrochemical factors of districambosoil cultivated with
potatoes in Avram Iancu village, highlights the acid and the strong acid character (pHH2O
4.75-5.86), with a moderat humus content. The organo-mineral fertilization causes significant
modifications to the agrochemical factors, favorizing a substatial growth of the mobile forms
of the phosphorus and potasium. Bioavailability of the nutrients is assured by this type of
fertilization creating good conditions for the soi land also preventing the posibble negatice
changes due to the acidity and the nutrient losses encountered during the fertilization process.
Conclusions. The assesed results,can give proper recommendation regarding these applied
agricultural techniques in mountain area, by implementing and promoting organo-mineral
fertilisation systems. This type of fertilization is considered efficient and protective for soil
and also for potatoe crop.
90
THE INFLUENCE OF PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN DOSES UPON
SOYBEAN YIELD OBTAINED ON CERNOZIOM SOIL, AT
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH – DEVELOPMENT STATION TURDA
Valeria DEAC1, 2, Ioan ROTAR1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, Anamaria MĂLINAȘ1
1
*
2
Keywords: soybean, fertilization, year, doses, P, N.
Introduction. Long-term experiences with mineral fertilizers, have the role to evaluate and to
study what happens to the soil from different areas of one country. Soybean long term
experiences have the purpose to create an optimal system of fertilization and amendation by
establishing optimal economic dosage of fertilizers and energy, taking into account all crop
and soil-climatic conditions (Munteanu et al., 2008). Along with genetic factors,
technological factors mainly mineral fertilization and climatic conditions have a great
influence on soybean production (Hera, 2005).
Aims. The present study aims to evaluate the influence of phosphorus and nitrogen doses
upon soybean yield obtained on cernoziom soil, in condition specific to Turda city, Romania.
Materials and Methods. The long-term experiences were installed on Agricultural ResearchDevelopment Station Turda after the randomized blocks method, with 25 variants in 6
repetitions. The experimental factors and their graduations are: A: doses of phosphorous with
5 graduations: A1: P0, A2: P40, A3: P80, A4:P120, A5: P160; B: doses of nitrogen with 5
graduations: B1: N0, B2: N25, B3: N50, B4: N75, B5: B100; C: experimental years with 5
graduations: C1:2009, C2: 2010, C3: 2011, C4:2012, C5:2013, from these, 2 years are dry
(2009 and 2011), 2 years are normally (2012 and 2013) , and 1 year very wet.
Results. We observed that P80, P120, P160 dosages have significant, distinct significance and
very significant influence on soybean production; the yields registered are higher having
values between 100 and 350 kg\/ha. In which concerns the influence of nitrogen doses we
observed that on N75 and N100, yields are distinct and very significant, ranging between 100
and 250 kg/ha.
Conclusion. Studying the interaction between the doses of nitrogen and those of phosphorus,
we can observe that for the conditions specific to the experimental years taken in study the
doses on which we obtained the greatest production are N100 P120, N100P80 and N75P80.
91
RESEARCH REGARDING THE ASSESMENT OF THE COVERAGE
DEGREE FOR PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS USING DIFFERENT
TYPES OF NOZZLES
Ioan DROCAȘ*, Ovidiu MARIAN, Sorin STĂNILĂ, Ovidiu RANTA,
Adrian MOLNAR
*
Keywords: coverage, spraying machine, types of nozzles.
Introduction. Improving coverage with drops to conduct phytosanitary treatments especially
when using contact substances may increase the effectiveness of treatments.
The nozzles from which the droplets are conventional moving parallel to the stem of the plant
results in a poor coverage of the leaves. Therefore double jet nozzles were made both
symmetric and asymmetric for high speeds which provides a better coverage of all plant parts
Aims. Experimental tests conducted with two types of nozzles aimed the coverage assessment
of horizontal and vertical parts of the plant using conventional and double jet nozzles. The
main objectives of this paper was to determine the coverage of plants with drops of solution
using different types of nozzles
Materials and Methods. In order to determine the coverage EEP 600 spraying machine was
used with the tractor U 683. For the evaluation of coverage water sensitive paper was used
placed on supports horizontal and vertical. This paper has a special property which allows it
to change colour in contact with water. The paper was placed in three planes: anteriour,
posterior and horizontal with respect to the direction of movement of the EEP 600 ME
spraying machine. After passing the machine the coverage was evaluated using a program
called MATHCAD to determine the covered area of a defined paper.
Results. Experimental tests have demonstrated that the use of double jet nozzle determine the
best coverage of the vertical sections of the plant both in the front and rear as the direction of
movement of the machine. Conventional nozzles are found to have a lower coverage at the
rear of the plant due to particle direction that is influenced by the speed of the machine.
Conclusion. From experimental research is found that the use of double jet nozzles result in a
more uniform coverage of all plant parts with droplets and therefore increase the efficacy
especially with contact substances.
References
1. Ros V., Gheres M. I. (2008). Method and program for evaluation of spray deposit,
Bulletin USAMV, Agriculture, Vol. 65, Nr. 1: 229-234.
92
ALEUROCANTHUS SPINIFERUS (QUAINTANCE) (ORANGE SPINY
WHITEFLY, OSW) (HEMIPTERA, ALEYRODIDAE) A ALIEN PEST
INVADING SOUTHERN ITALY
Ahmed EL KENAWY1, Raul BAETAN2, Isabella CORRADO1, Daniele CORNARA1,
Ion OLTEAN2, Francesco PORCELLI1*
1
DiSSPA Entomology and Zoology, UNIBA Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
*
2
Keywords: Aleurocanthus spiniferus ,OSW, Puglia, whitefly
Introduction. The presence of Aleurocanthus spiniferus is reported in Apulia from April
2008. This polyphagous whitefly is now spreading northward and invading new territories.
Aims. This paper refers about recently occupied areas detailing local and urban outbreaks and
population density per host plant species.
Materials and Methods. We use digital camera-equipped stereoscope and Cryo-SEM on the
laboratory and direct observation on the field.
Results. We note the presence of A. Spiniferus in Puglia region and we depict the invasion of
agricultural and urban areas.
Conclusions. The overall behaviour and ecological preferences of the alien pest are discussed
in view of its available means of control.
93
TECHNOLOGY OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA
NUBILALIS HBN) MASS REARING, SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS, IN
CONTROLLED CONDITIONS, AT NARDI FUNDULEA
Emil GEORGESCU1*, Mariana BURCEA2, Lidia CANA1, Luxita RASNOVEANU3
1
Plant Protection Laboratory. NARDI Fundulea, Romania.
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Romania.
3
ARDS Braila, Romania.
*
2
Keywords: maize, rearing, insects, diet, laboratory.
Introduction. European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn) is the main pest for maize crop,
both in western and central part of the Romania, also in hilly and meadow areas (Barbulescu
et al., 2001). After Popov et Rosca (2007), yield losses because of the O. nubilalis attack
ranged between 1,3 and 17,7 %, but in some cases can arrive at 60 % or even more. In last
years it has ascertained increasing of the attack in west and central part of the Romania,
especially because of the favourable climatic conditions from beginning of the summer. The
best method for control Ostrinia nubilalis is to use tolerant maize hybrids at this insect. At
NARDI Fundulea, from 1975 it has started rearing of the European corn borer in laboratory
conditions, in continuous flux, on same artificial diet.
Aims. Obtain insects egg batches in laboratory conditions, used for artificial infestation of the
maize plants, to establish maize lines and hybrids tolerance to pest attack.
Because in nature, the attack of Ostrinia nubilalis are not at same level, every year, because of
the climatic conditions, especially at egg batch deposition and larva emergence, artificial
infestation of the maize plants is one of the best method to evaluate maize lines and hybrids
reaction at this pest.
Materials and Methods. European Corn Borer is reared at Plant Protection Laboratory, from
NARDI Fundulea, Calarasi County, Romania, after a technology described by Barbulescu
(1980). Field experiments were made at experimental fields of both, Plant Protection and
Maize Breeding laboratories.
Results. In 2011 it has obtained 136043 egg batches, in 2012 it has obtained 121945 egg
batches and in 2013 it has obtained 133550 egg batches. At the end of the year 2013, the
insect colony created in 1979 arrived at 442nd consecutive generation, the insect colony
created in 2008 arrived at 77th consecutive generation, the insect colony created in 2010
arrived at 51st consecutive generation and insect colony created in 2011 arrived at 38th
consecutive generation. Even if insects are reared more then 400 generations in laboratory
conditions, they don’t lose capacity of attacking maize plants.
Conclusion: In the present research work, we demonstrated that rearing of the European corn
borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn) in laboratory conditions, in continuous flux, on same artificial
diet, is one of the best methods for mass production of the egg-batches necessary for the field
researches concerning maize hybrids and lines tolerance at the attack produced by this pest.
94
VULPIA MYUROS (L.) C.C.GMEL (RAT’S TAIL FESCUE) – A
PROBLEM WEED IN THE RAPE CROPS OF OUR COUNTRY?
Mihaela Ioana GEORGESCU1⃰, Vasilica LUCHIAN1, Liviu DINCĂ1,
Daniel Constantin POTOR1 and Octavian GROZA2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Romania.
2
SC Agricover SRL.
*
Keywords: rape crops, Vulpia myuros, weed problem.
Introduction. Vulpia myuros known in our country as a species of dry, rocky places,
oligotrophic, xero-mesophyulous, subtermophyllous, moderately-strongly acidophilic (Sîrbu
et al., 2013), was reported as grass weed problem in winter crops in Australia, USA, the
Netherlands and Denmark (Mathiassen et al., 2010). As shown by Ball et al (2007), it’s
spread is favoured by morphological plant characteristics (shallow rooted) that are not
affected by the minimum tillage system applied to crop establishments.
Aims. So far, in the literature of our country, Vulpia myuros was not mentioned as a problem
weed in winter crops. The fact that in a number of locations in Giurgiu, Dâmboviţa and Arges
County this spring rape crop was severely affected by the presence of the species, has led us
to take the survey and analyze the premise that favoured the species installation and
development.
Materials and Methods. Observations were conducted in winter rape crops in rural
Mihăileşti (Giurgiu County), Mircea Voda (Dâmboviţa County) and Mioși (Arges County)
where V.myuros infestation caused significant crop losses. The Mihăileşti town soil samples
were taken to determine its characteristics (pH, humus content, P, K, etc.), and specimens of
the V. myuros plants to establish their morphological characters (plant size, inflorescence
length, number of flowers / spikelet etc.).
Results. Rape culture was established by direct seeding in all 3 areas.
Mihailesti field area soil analyzes have shown that it is moderately acidic (pH is in the range
of 5.356 to 5.422 in depth from 0-20 cm). Average plant size (V.myuros) was 130 cm,
exceeding the data recorded in the literature.
Conclusion. Our study reveals a new situation, unprecedented in the literature of our country,
about the behavior of V.myuros as weed species in winter rape culture. This leads us to
expand our research in the future; issues that will be pursued are: area and cultures in our
country where the species is present; existence allelopathic effects on plants rape; control
options of V.myuros species populations through various methods etc...
References
1. Ball D.A., Frost M. S., Bennett L.H., Thill D.C., Rauch T., Jemett E., Mallory-Smith C.,
Cole C., Yenish J.P., Rood R. (2007). Control of Rattail Fescue (Vulpia myuros) in winter
wheat. Weed Technology 21: 583-590.
2. Mathiassen S.K., Kudusk P., Heroriksen K.E. (2010). Control of Vulpia myuros in red
fescue. IHSC2010oralproceedings.
3. Sîrbu I., Stefan N., Oprea A. (2013). Plante vasculare din România. Ed. VictorBVictor,
Bucuresti
95
FLORISTIC, ECOLOGIC AND PEDOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION
OF SEMI-NATURAL HAY MEADOWS FROM RODNA MOUNTAINS
Adrian GLIGA, Ioan ROTAR*, Mihai BUTA, Florin PĂCURAR, Agnes BALAZSI
*
Keywords: ecological characterization, floristic composition, pedologic characterization,
Rodna mountains, semi-natural hay meadow.
Introduction. Semi-natural grasslands, defined as unfertilized grassland formed by land use
but populated mainly by wild species, are among the most biodiversity-rich ecosystems in
Europe (Veen et al. 2009). Compared to other community types they have a rich flora and
may develop a small-scale very high species density (Pärtel et al., 1996).
Aims. Due to lack of information on the floristic composition and soil types present in our
research stations, we started their determination to estimate the supported number of animals
and to determine the pedological conditions.
Materials and Methods. To determine the floristic composition we used the Braun-Blanquet
method applied to the surface of 25 m2 per plot, using the species form established
specifically for this study (Gliga et al., 2013). For the evaluation on the ecological
requirements of plants we used the Ellenberg vegetation indices (H. Ellenberg, 1988). Soil
types were assessed based on dug profiles and followed by a complex characterization.
Results. The study took place near the village of Valea Mare, Bistrita county where we
investigated three locations, with altitudes between 749 and 1295.5 m. From these studies we
have determined the grassland types, plant requirements on ecological factors and existing
soil types.
Conclusion. After processing the data, differences were found both in floristic composition,
and the type of soil, due to the elevation gradient.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Kull K. and Zobel M. (1991) High species richness in an Estonian wooded meadow.
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2, 715–718.
2. Pärtel M., Zobel M., Zobel K., and van der Maarel E. (1996) The species pool and its
relation to species richness: evidence from Estonian plant communities. Oikos, 75, 111–
117.
3. Veen, P., Jefferson, R., deSmidt, J. & vanderStraaten, J., eds (2009) Grasslands in Europe
of High Nature Value. Den Haag, The Netherlands: KKNV publishing.
96
NEW ENTOMOCOENOTIC PARTICULARITIES AND INTEGRATED
PEST CONTROL IN TRANSYLVANIAN WHEAT CROPS UNDER THE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE WARMING
Dana MALSCHI1,2*, Adina Daniela TĂRĂU2, Rozalia KADAR2,Cornel CHEŢAN2 and
Nicolae TRITEAN2
1
Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering. Babeş-Bolyai University,
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, Turda, România.
*
Keywords: agro-forestry belts, entomophagous arthropod, no tillage technology, wheat pests
control
Introduction. Based on the entomological research at the ARDS Turda (Malschi, 2009), the
paper presents new research on pest abundance in wheat crops in relation to the climate
warming and the adequate integrated pest control methods under different cultural soil
technologies: classical (ploughing) and conservative (no tillage), in open field (Malschi et al.,
2013) and in agroforestry belts agroecosystems (Malschi et al., 2010).
Materials and Methods. During 2007-2013, the species determination has been achieved
based on the samples performed every 10 days, by 100 double sweep-net catches.
Results. Were pointed out major outbreaks of abundance of Haplothrips tritici, as
eudominant species; wheat flies (Chloropidae, Anthomyiidae); stem flea beetles
(Chaetocnema); leafhoppers (Psammotettix etc.) and aphids (Sitobion etc.), as dominant
groups; Eurygaster, Aelia; Agriotes, Zabrus etc. The critical attack moments have been
recorded 3-4 weeks earlier and overlapped.
Conclusion. IPM recommends the preventing measures: optimal sowing time, agrotechnical
methods, seed treatment with systemic insecticide and complex treatments. The results proved
the importance of insecticide applications: at the end of tillering phase (13-33 DC stage) and
at the flag-leaf appearance and ear emergence in 45-59 DC stage, with shock (pyrethroids) or
systemic insecticides (neonicotinoid etc.). At the second treatment, the ear pests are controlled
simultaneously using shock insecticides with reduced effects on the entomophagous. The IPM
is a major section of soil no tillage technologies, comprising a special pest control strategy,
with seed treatment and in 2-3 successive treatments in vegetation. In the farming system with
protective agro-forestry belts–favourable for increasing of entomophagous, the research
pointed out the efficiency of biological control, only using the entomophagous natural
resources.
References
1. Malschi D. (2009). Integrated pest management in relation to environmental
sustainability. Ecological management of wheat pests. Babeş-Bolyai University ClujNapoca. Ed. Bioflux, http://www.editura.bioflux.com.ro/docs/malschi.I.pdf.
2. Malschi D., Tritean N., Şerbănescu R. (2010). Protective agroforestry belts and their
environmental importance for sustainable agriculture development in Transylvania.
Romanian Agricultural Research 27:103-114.
3. Malschi D., Ivaş A., Ignea M., Cheţan F., Cheţan C. (2013). Adequate integrated control
of wheat pests in no-tillage conservative system. Proenvironment 6: 332-341.
97
CONTROL THE AVENA FATUA SPECIES - AN EXPANDING WEED IN
BANAT REGION
Dan MANEA, Ramona ŞTEF*, Ioan PEŢ, Ioana GROZEA, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ
and Anişoara IENCIU
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania",
Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords: common wild oat, wheat herbicide, control, weed mapping
Introduction. Wheat is considered the largest agricultural crop acreage worldwide. More
than 50% of human caloric needs is ensured by grain products. Presence of different species
of weeds in grain crops cause yield loses between 15 - 20% and even 60 - 80% of the crop in
the absence of control measures. Main care work in wheat crop is the weed control (Şarpe,
1976). All weeds competing crops, but insofar as they harm agricultural production varies
greatly from one species to another (Berca, 2004). The most dangerous monocotyledonous
species present in the crop are Apera spica venti (wind grass), Avena fatua and Bromus sp.
they produce great damage to varieties for consumption and seed lots.
Aims. This study aims to provide new data on chemical control of Avena fatua in
agroecosystems species of wheat.
Materials and Methods. Research on chemical control of Avena fatua species were
conducted at the Teaching and Research Station, belonging to the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara. Experience
has included 12 variants, in three repetitions, placed after the randomized blocks method.
Variants are different (11 + 1 variation untreated control) by herbicide applied: Tolurex 50 SC
(clorotoluron 500 g/l), Stomp Aqua (pendimetalin - 455 g/l), Axial 050 EC (pinoxaden 50
gr/litre + cloquintocet - mexil 12,5 gr/litre), Axial ONE EC (pinoxaden 45 g/l + florasulam
5g/l + cloquintocet-mexil 11,25 g/l), Attribut 70 SG (propoxicarbazon-sodiu 700 g/kg),
Foxtrot 69 EW (fenoxaprop-P-etil (enantiomer D) 69 g/l cloquintocet-mexil (safener)
34,5g/l), Hussar 400 OD (iodosulfuron-metil-Na 100 g/l mefenpir dietill (safener) 300 g/l),
Legato Plus EC (diflufenican 100 g/l + isoproturon 500 g/l), Pallas 75 WG (piroxsulam 7,5 g/l
+ cloquintocet-metil (adjuvant) 7,5 g/l), Sekator Pogress SC (amidosulfuron 100
g/l+iodosulfuron-metil-Na 25 g/l+mefenpyr dietil 250 g/l (safener)), Pelican Delta 606 WG
(diflufenican 60 % + metsulfuron metil 6%). Herbicides used in this study were applied
postemergent exception was registered in the variant treated with Stomp Aqua that was
applied preemergent. Doses of herbicides applied in experimental variants were those
recommended by producers. Before and after the treatment mapping were conducted.
Results. The mapping performed in the control variant (untreated) showed the presence of the
following species: Capsella bursa-pastoris, Viola arvensis, Galium aparine, Matricaria
inodora, Papever rhoeas, Fumaria officinalis which represented more than 20%. The number
of Avena fatua plants recorded in the control variant was 80 plants/m2. Efficacy of herbicides
in combating species Avena fatua had range from 60 - 85%
Conclusion. The best herbicide use of the study in combating the species Avena fatua was
Axial ONE EC (control rate of 85%). The lowest eradication rate of the species Avena fatua
was recorded in the variants treated with herbicide Sekator Pogress SC.
98
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EVALUATION OF THE WORKING
QUALITATIVE INDICES FOR PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS IN
ORCHARDS USING GAMBERINI 500 SPRAYING MACHINE
Ovidiu MARIAN*, Ioan DROCAȘ, Ovidiu RANTA, Adrian MOLNAR,
Sorin STĂNILĂ, Zoltan KIRALY
*
Keywords: Coverage, spraying machine, pneumatic distribution
Introduction. The use of electronic equipment in plant protection treatments in vineyards and
orchards is of great importance both economically and environmentally.
In this sense, this paper aims to highlight the importance of spraying equipment in vineyards
and orchards, to compare different constructive types and bring new information about spray
technology using electronic equipment to detect goals in order to reach a high performance
agriculturally and economically. Equipping sprayers with electronic equipment (transmitters
and sensors) aims at the improvement of the functional parameters of the machine.
Aims. The main goal of this paper was to determine and to evaluate the coverage degree for
the Gamberini 500 orchard spraying machine.
Materials and Methods. For the purpose of this paper, the machine Gamberini 500 was used
in laboratory conditions to determine and evaluate the coverage degree. This spraying
machine is a pneumatic one, with a special boom. In order to evaluate the degree of coverage,
a special paper was used, which was placed at different heights (1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3m). The paper
was scanned, transformed in black and with and with the Mathcad software the degree of
coverage was evaluated using the READBMP function.
Results. The results obtained showed that the degree of coverage differs with respect to the
height. The biggest degree of coverage was obtained al lower heights, due to the small
distance to the target.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we have evaluate the degree of coverage for the
Gamberini 500 orchard spraying machine. This degree of coverage is mostly influenced by
the orientation of the boom, the quantity of water sprayed and the droplets size. In order to
achieve a higher degree of coverage it is important to use a fan which has a tower blower,
because the distance from boom to target surface is relative equal.
References
1. Király Zoltán (2014). Cercetări privind utilizarea maşinii de tratamente fitosanitare atom
1000 dotată cu echipament electronic pentru detectarea golurilor, Lucrare de diploma,.
2. Ros V., M. I. Gheres (2008). Method and program for evaluation of spray deposit,
Bulletin USAMV, Agriculture,Vol. 65, Nr. 1/2008, p. 229-234, ISSN 1454-2382
99
THE EFFECT WHICH DISTANCE BETWEEN ROWS AND
FERTILIZATION HAS ON A COMPLEX FORAGE MIXTURE IN
CONDITION SPECIFIC TO TRANSYLVANIA PLAIN
Anamaria MĂLINAS, Ioan ROTAR*, Roxana VIDICAN, Florin PĂCURAR,
Adrian GLIGA, Agnes BALAZSI
Keywords: forage mixture, distance between rows, production, floristic composition.
Introduction. A higher increasingly importance is given to complex forage mixtures. In
Transylvania Plain studies meant to highlight the most suitable mixtures for the existent soil
climatic condition are still required. There achievement commes to help the farmers, help
needed especially due to the higher increasingly importance given to animal husbandry
lately.
Aims. The present study aims to follow the behavior of a complex forage mixture formed by
Trifolium pratense (15%), Lolium perenne (20%), Festulolium (25%), Festuca arundinacea
(25%) and Phleum pratense (15%) under the influence of different technologycal inputs.
Materials and Methods. The forage mixture was sown on 2 different distances between rows
and was fertilized with mineral fertilizer in 4 different doses, as follows: V1-control variant,
unfertilized, V2 – fertilized with N50P60K80, V3 – fertilized with N75P60K80 si V4 – fertilized
with N100P60K80.
Results. In order to acomplish the proposed objectives data registered in 2013, regarding
green mass and dry matter production as well as data regarding floristic composition are
given.
Conclusion. The results helped us to highlight the most productive mixture.
100
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF GIBBERELLINS ON SOME
PHYSIOLOGIC PROCESSES OF CORN PLANTS (ZEA MAYS)
Lucia MIHALESCU1*, Oana MARE ROŞCA1, Zorica VOŞGAN1, Monica MARIAN1,
Aurel MAXIM², Mirela CORDEA2
1
Department of Biology. Technical University of Cluj Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare,
Baia Mare, Romania
2
*
Keywords: root, stem, gibberellins
Introduction. Gibberellins are important as they regulate growth and development of plants,
being increasingly used in agriculture and horticulture (Gadea, 2003). Phytohormones are
biosynthesized in cytoplasm of young cells, they accumulate in the growing areas of root,
stem, buds, etc. (Bandici, 2007).
Aims. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of gibberellic acid on germination,
growth intensity of roots and stems, perspiration and respiration of corn plants.
Materials and Methods. Solutions of different concentrations of gibberellic acid were
prepared, and the variants analyzed are: V1- control, V2-0.1mg/l, V3-1mg/l, V4-2mg/l, V55mg/l. The caryopses belonged to the Dobrogean variation. The energy and germinative
faculty were calculated; using linear measuring for 16 days the growth of roots and stems was
surveyed and the dynamics of their growth was calculated. The perspiration was estimated
using the method of ascertaining the water vapors eliminated in the confined atmosphere, and
the respiration was estimated using the Boysen-Jensen method.
Results. We noted that germination was influenced by the presence of gibberellic acid, as it
was 95% at V5, with approximately 15% higher than that of the control. The most significant
growth of the roots appeared at V3-1mg/l during the period of the days 6 to 8. The growth
values of stems were higher as in the case of roots, and the growth was more intensive in the
period of the days 10 to 12. The intensity of perspiration uniformly increases from V 1- control
to V5-5mg/l, being 3.66 times higher. The respiration of the plants grown on a medium of 5
mg/l gibberellic acid is maximum, this being explained by the intensifying of the physiologic
processes.
Conclusion. In plants cultivation, the action of phytohormones is a stimulating action, and
this is more obvious as the concentration is higher and the plant is in its advanced growth
status.
References
1. Gadea S. (2003). Fiziologia vegetala, Ed. A. Press, Cluj-Napoca, 63-55.
2. Bandici Gh. (2006). Fiziologia plantelor, Ed. Universitatii din Oradea, 97-102.
101
INFLUENCE OF SLOPE MORPHOLOGY UPON THE THERMIC
REGIME OF SOIL AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN
TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Paula Ioana MORARU1, Teodor RUSU1, Ileana BOGDAN1, Adrian POP1,
Camelia COSTE1, Bogdan DUDA1, Tudor SǍLǍGEAN1, Mara ŞOPTEREAN1,
Ilarie IVAN2
1
2
Technical University of Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: slope morphology, crop structure, soil temperature.
Introduction. Climatic, biotic and edaphic factors that are essential for plant growth, for the
size and quality of crop, are quite differently displayed within various agricultural areas. The
relief, the climatic specific of agricultural areas and soil require parcelling of agricultural
crops, varieties and hybrids, followed by adapting elements of technology to minimize the
limiting actions of zonal factors (deficient or excessive moisture, low humus content and
nutrients, etc.).
Aims. The aim of this paper is to establish the influence of the relief elements of versants in
Transylvania Plain and of climatic factors on the thermal regime of these soils and on the
agricultural management measures. Through its components, precipitation, wind, temperature,
the climate represents the most active external dynamic agent, causing the emergence and
development of the land degradation process in this area.
Materials and Methods. In order to determine the influence of climatic factor on the agrotechnical characterization of land according to slope morphology, 11 HOBO Micro Stations
(H21-002, On-set Computer Corp., Bourne, MA, USA) have been implemented from April to
October 2011 in the locality Căianu, with various altitude at exposure coverage.
Results. The lowest temperature recorded was of 16.58°C at the station with south-eastern
exposure, followed by the average temperature of 16.61°C recorded at the station with
northern exhibition. At the station having a north-eastern exhibition, a temperature of 16.91°C
was recorded where as an average temperature of 16.98°C was registered at the station with
southern exposure. Rainfall recorded from April to October ranged between 262.2-306 mm,
the lowest value being recorded at the station with southern exposure and highest temperature
at the station with north-eastern exposure. Intermediate values of 297.6 and 300.8 mm were
recorded at stations with northern exposure, respectively south-eastern exposure.
Conclusion. By analyzing the data recorded during April-October 2011, we obtain a similar
situation of the southern slopes as compared with the south-eastern and eastern versants - 43.8
mm less rainfall, higher temperatures by 0.37°C in the air and by 1.91°C at 10 cm, by 2.22°C
at 20 cm, by 2.43°C at 30 cm soil depth compared to northern, north-western slopes. These
issues, supplemented by those connected to slope, require special agro-technical measures
generated by the Transylvanian Plain topography.
Acknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
102
PARTIAL RESULTS ON THE DEGENERATION OF POTATO IN THE
MICROZONES FOR SEED POTATO PRODUCTION AT TG.
SECUIESC AND APA ROȘIE
Robert MOTICA*, Anca BACIU, Zsuzsanna NEMES, Ivan VITOS
*
Keywords: virotic degeneration, potato, disease, variety.
Introduction. The potato virotic degeneration is now widely accepted throughout the world,
and the knowledge of this phenomenon constitutes the basis of the seed potato production and
multiplication systems. On the Romanian market are currently over 400 potato varieties, of
which over 80 % are varieties imported from Europe. Most of these imported potato varieties
are not adapted to the climatic conditions in our country, which leads to a higher virotic
degeneration compared to the varieties produced by local researchers. At SCDC Tg. Secuiesc
the Plant Protection Section keeps under observation the imported varieties regarding the
virotic degeneration since 2011, using the Gared variety as experimental subject, which was
created at SCDC Tg. Secuiesc.
Materials and Methods. In early 2011 were studied 12 potato varieties, 6 native and 6
foreign varieties. The experiments were carried out in two places, in the experimental field of
Tg. Secuiesc and in the field of clonal selection on over 1000 m Apa Roșie. The experiments
were repeated for three years. Varieties studied: native potato varieties: Gared, Nemere,
Tentant, Cristian, Astral, Magic; foreign varieties: Kondor, Arnova, Agata, Riviera, Impala,
Bellarosa.
Results. The results obtained in 2011 and 2012 in the fields of research at Tg. Secuiesc and
Apa Rosie showed that the import varieties have a higher degree of virotic degeneration than
native varieties.
Conclusions. The native potato varieties in the experimental years showed better resistance
to virotic degeneration in both microzones for potato production at Tg. Secuiesc and Apa
Roșie. In the experimental years the most sensitive variety to virotic degeneration was the
Impala variety in both microzones for seed potato production. The most resistant variety to
virotic degeneration was the native variety Gared in both microzones for seed potato
production.
References
1. Cojocaru N. (1995). Principalele virusuri ale cartofului, pagube şi simptome. Cartoful în
România, vol. 5, nr. 2-3, apr.-sept. 29-31.
2. Donescu D. (1995). Principalele specii de afide în cultura de cartof (descriere, biologie,
plante gazde) – Analele I.C.P.C. Braşov, vol. XXII.
3. Draica C. (2004). Modernizarea tehnologiei de producere a cartofului pentru sămânţă.
Editura Phoenix, 1-7.
103
VARIABILITY FOR YOUNG MAIZE PLANTS CHARACTERS
IN A SET OF LOCAL POPULATIONS
Leon MUNTEAN1*, Cornelia STAN2, Nicolae TRITEAN3, Ioan HAS1,3, Voichita HAS3
1
2
Territorial Inspectorate for Seeds and Planting material Quality Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
3
Agricultural Research Development Station Turda, Turda, Romania
*
Keywords: coleoptile, local populations, maize, mesocotyl, roots, variability
Introduction. The maize roots are originated from the scutelar node located in the seed
embryo and are composed of the primary and seminal roots. The amount of corn root depends
on how they perform genotypes on production capacity, resistance to drought, but also root
lodging (Căbulea,1983; Gruia,1986). The coleoptile and mesocotyl length of maize plantlets
are important for the depth at which specific genotypes are sowing. These elements,
combined with starch endosperm reserve and response to oscillating temperatures are
responsible for uniformity and further development of plants (Nielsen, 2010).
Aims. Taking into account the importance of root and coleoptile and mesocotyl length of
maize young plants was considered appropriate to analyze the variability of these traits in a
set of maize local populations. The best populations will be used as genitors for obtaining
inbreed lines.
Materials and Methods. Root system development, the mesocotyl and coleoptile was studied
in a number of 41 local populations at Maize Breeding Department of ARDS Turda. For each
local population were analysed 10 plantlets for traits mentioned previously.
Results. The highest length for embryonic root was recorded for Ardusat Caltina (30.52 cm)
followed by Ciocaneşti (30.22 cm). The average of this trait was 28.42 cm. Longest
mesocotyl were noticed in the Tulca (1.90 cm) and Ciocăneşti (1.78 cm) local populations;
and the longest coleoptile in Tulca (4,16 cm), Lăpuşneac (4,11 cm) and Păuceşti (4,11 cm)
local populations. The variability was low for embryonic root and coleoptile length and
medium for mesocotyl length.
Conclusion. There is insufficient phenotypic and genetic variability for studied traits in maize
local populations such that this can be exploited in breeding programmes. Local population
with high embrionary and primary root length can be used for achieving some form of maize
resistant to root lodging and to drought in the early growing season.
References
1. Căbulea, I. (1983). Unele aspecte statistice ale analizei genetice şi a capacităii de
producţie. Probleme legate de genetică teoretică şi aplicată. vol XV. 31-50.
2. Gruia, F. (1986). Cultura porumbului. Centrul de material didactic şi propagandă agricolă.
Bucureşti. 8-40.
3. Nielsen, R. L. (2010a). Root development in young corn. Purdue Univ. dept. of
Agronomy Corny News Network. http://www.kingcorn.org/news/timeless/Roots.html
104
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TERMITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF
ESSENTIAL OIL OBTAINED FROM CANARIUM SCHWENFURTHII
RESIN FROM SANGO BAY, UGANDA
Christine Betty NAGAWA, Stefan BÖHMDORFER* and Thomas ROSENAU
Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna BOKU, Austria
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Keywords: Canarium schwenfurthii, essential oils, Macrotermes bellicosus, antitermitic
activity.
Introduction. Timber usually has to be protected from attack by insects and other
microorganisms using wood preservatives. These commonly contain heavy metals and their
use has been discouraged, it is therefore recommendable to find alternatives of natural plant
origin which are more environmentally friendly.
Aims. To determine the termiticidal activity of Canarium essential oil and its chemical
composition; to establish whether the oil is similar in characteristics to that obtained from
plants in other parts of Africa.
Materials and Methods. The resin of Canarium schwenfurthii was harvested from a mature
tree and steam distilled to obtain the essential oil. Analysis of the essential oil was done by
gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The no-choice bioassay
method was used to determine the effect of the essential oil on the termites. Probit analysis
was done to determine the LC50 and LC90 values.
Results. The oil showed termiticidal activity suitable for a wood protective agent. The LC 50
and LC90 after 24 hours were 2.082 and 2.428 mg/ml, respectively. The major components of
the essential oil were mono and sesquiterpenoids, and these have been shown to have
antibacterial and antioxidant activity as well. The major components of the oil were α-thujene
(13.10%), γ-terpinene (19.60%), α-phellandrene (4.8%), m-cymene (8.11%) and βphellandrene. The composition of the oil was different from that obtained from Central
African Republic.
Conclusion. Canarium schwenfurthii oil has a strong potential as a wood preservation agent
against termite infestation. Isolation will be done to determine which particular component is
responsible for the observed activity or whether the interplay of constituents is responsible for
the effectiveness.
105
ISOLATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF
RHIZOBIUM TRIFOLII AND SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI
USING API 20NE AND API 20E
Monica NISTE1, Roxana VIDICAN1*, Carmen PUIA1, Ioan ROTAR1, Rodica POP1
*
Keywords: bacterial characterization, biochemical tests, rhizobia strains
Introduction. Members of the genus Rhizobium are symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria which
are able to invade and form nodules on the roots of leguminous plants (Sadowsky et. al.,
1983). Most bacteria have a specific host, but there are several different bacterial species that
are also isolated from a single legume species, and these bacteria are characterized into two
groups on the basis of growth rate (Deshwal and Chaubey, 2014).
Aims. The present study was carried out to isolate and to investigate biochemical
characteristics of rhizobateria strains from red clover (Rhizobium trifolii) and alfalfa
(Sinorhizobium meliloti).
Materials and Methods. Four rhizobial isolate, (RtS1 and RtR2 isolated from red clover and
SmM1, SmM2 isolated from alfalfa) were used in this study. Cultural and biochemical
characteristics were analyzed on Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar with Congo red (YEMA)
medium. API 20 NE and API 20E tests were used to evaluate biochemical characteristics of
rhizobial isolates.
Results. The result of the study showed a low diversity in morphological, physiological and
symbiotic properties among the rhizobial strains. Phenotypically all isolated strains had the
same colony morphology conical with a smooth margin, the color and texture was watery to
translucent. The isolates were fast-growing and failed to absorb Congo red. API 20NE and
API 20E showed a negative reaction for the reduction of nitrate in RtS1, RtR2, and positive
for SmM1, SmM2. The reaction was positive for β-galactosidase, β- glucosidase and negative
for urease, arginine dihydrolase, for all rhizobial isolates. Carbon sources: glucose, arabinose,
mannose, mannitol, maltose, were also positive for all strains.
Conclusion. Rhizobial strains utilized a wider range of carbohydrates and this may be a
helpful tool to characterize the isolates.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Deshwal V. K., and Chaubey A. (2014). Isolation and characterization of Rhizobium
leguminosarum from root nodule of Pisum sativum L. Journal of Academia and Industrial
Research (JAIR). 2(8): 464-467.
2. Sadowsky M. J., Keyser H. H., and Bohlool B. B. (1983). Biochemical Characterization
of fast- and slow-growing rhizobia that nodulate soybeans. International Journal of
Systematic bacteriology. 33(4): 716-722.
106
STUDY OF THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN
SECONDARY GRASSLANDS IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL
STAGES AS A RESULT OF ABANDONMENT
Florin PĂCURAR*, Ioan ROTAR, Anca BOGDAN and Ágnes BALÁZSI
*
Keywords: abandonment, phytodiversity, semi-natural grasslands.
Introduction. Important areas of semi-natural grasslands are affected by abandonment in
Apuseni Mountains, situation which leads to a series of specific negative aspects. Seminatural grasslands pass through certain successional stages, materialized by different types of
grasslands.
Aims. The aim of our study was to follow the successional stages of Agrostis capillaris L. –
Festuca rubra L. grassland type, as a result of abandonment.
Materials and Methods. The floristical studies were carried out in Ocoale village, Garda de
Sus Commune, Alba County, in 2011-2013. The study included 27 grasslands with similar
site conditions. The floristic composition of the grasslands in different successional stages
was determined by Braun-Blanquet method and the statistical interpretation of results was
performed with the program PC-ORD. There were three different categories of abandoned
grasslands: abandoned less than 5 years, abandoned between 5 and 10 years, abandoned more
than 10 years.
Results. The statistical interpretation of the results highlighted that Agrostis capillaris L. –
Festuca rubra L. grassland type suffered changes after 5 years of abandonment and turned in
Festuca rubra L. grassland type while after another 5 years turned into Nardus stricta L.
grassland type.
Conclusion. The categories of abandonment caused changes at the level of phytocoenosis,
registering a degradation of the vegetation from both, agronomic and ecologic point of view,
especially in the case of abandonment more than 10 years.
107
ALPINE AND SUBALPINE MEADOWS FROM RODNA MOUNTAINS
NATIONAL PARK - SOIL COVER CHARACTERIZATION
Ioan PACURAR1*, Stefan BILASCO2, Horea CACOVEAN3, Oana MARE ROSCA4,
Lucian Dumitru NITA5 Gheorghe BUNEA6, Cornel NEGRUSIER1 and
Horea PACURAR1
1
2
Faculty of Geography, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
3
OSPA Cluj, Cluj – Napoca, Romania.
4
Tehnical University- North University Center Baia Mare, Baia Mare, Romania.
5
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania.
6
Bogdan Voda University,Cluj – Napoca, Romania.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected].
Keywords: criptopodzol, alpine phytocenosis, humosiosol, conservative value.
Introduction. Rodna mountains due to high altitude amplitude, records a variety of different
plant associations: wood, shrubs, bushes, grasses, bellow are found different types of soils
regional and zonal soils (Bunescu et. al., 1998). Habitats persuaded with herbs are built in
grasslands partially exploited as alpine and subalpine meadows, occupying an area of over
5,200 hectares, the most common have high conservation value and middle meadows,
followed low value meadows and endemic species
Aims. The purpose of the paper is to identify the main soil units at the type and subtype of
alpine and subalpine meadows in Rodna Mountains National Park and characterization of
physico-chemical properties of these soils.
Materials and Methods. Soil sampling and physicochemical laboratory analyzes were
made by methodology and guidelines developed by the ICPA Bucharest and for the
identification of soils was used Romanian system of soil taxonomy 2003.
Results. In alpine land covered with shorter shrubs (Rhododendron, Vaccinium) and primary
grasslands covered by Carex curvula, Juncus and Festuca trifidus airoides, meet haplic
podzols and skeletic – humic umbrisols associated with entic podzols formed on sericitechlorite schists with loamy texture, strongly acidic (pH = 3.8), rich in organic matter, low
saturated bases. In subalpine land under juniper phytocoenosis meet enti-humic podzols and
lithosols poorly evolved, which developed in crystalline rocks with loamy texture strong, acid
reaction and a high percentage of organic matter. Rendzins occupie small surfaces in
subalpine limestone areas and lower alpine massif (Piatra Rea, Piatra Albă, Mihăiasa, Puzdra,
Muntele Cailor, Corongiş) and have evolved in the meadows phytocoenosis in alliance with
Festuco saxatilis - Seslerion bielzii, being shallow soils, neutral reactionl or slightly alkaline,
high carbon, high percentage of humus. On crests and slopes of limestone peaks (Puzdra,
Negoiasa, Turnu Rosu), rich in small detritus and active erosion, are found in Thlaspeion
rotundifolii phytocoenosis alliance folic leptosols.
Conclusion. The studied area of 5228.34 hectares have been identified 26 soil units most
common being entic podzols (28.48%), skeleti-humic umbrisols (21.37%), and skeletichumic Leptosols (11.43%).
108
EVOLUTION STUDY OF PESTS IN THE PARKS “JUSTICE” AND
„BOTANIC” FROM TIMISOARA IN 2011-2013 PERIOD
Doru Ion PETANEC1, Georgina BIZAU1, Lavinia Madalina MICU2*,
Claudiu DRAGOMIR1
1
Department of Plant Protection. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine of Banat Timisoara, Romania
2
Department of Agricultural technologies. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine of Banat Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords: parks, pest species, monitoring, Timisoara
Introduction. Green spaces in a city have a very important role in maintaining physical and
psychological balance of the inhabitants of these urban agglomerations. In Timisoara, in terms
of distribution in the area, there is concentration of these spaces in the downtown area, Bega
Canal being an ax. Timisoara has 510 hectares of green space, without taking into account the
private gardens. This paper presents the evolution of species in parks Dunat "Justice", and
"Botanic" in the period 2011-2013. Sampling was done regularly mentioned the parks, from
February to October, using the frapaj harvesting methods, manual or standard net. Pest of
ornamental trees to shrubs and (American maple, lilac, hornbeam, forsythia) were dominant
species as Aphis trees, Eriosoma lanigerum and Metcalfa pruinosa. Families of insects
prevalent in this parks were Aphididade and Faltidae.
109
ABOUT ARNICA MONTANA GRASSLANDS AND THEIR CONTEXT
Anca PLEŞA1*, Ioan ROTAR1 Florin PĂCURAR1, Roxana VIDICAN1,
Agnes BALASZI1
*
Keywords: Arnica montana, biodiversity, environment, productivity.
Introduction. In industrialized Europe, grassland covers about 30% of the agricultural area
and forms the basis of a strong ruminant livestock sector. How meadows offering is more
widely affected by processes that are usually summarized as "global change" (TAUBE et all.,
2010). Intensification of grassland farm management and production of goods and services to
their environment are strongly affected by global markets, international developments
resulting global information sharing but equally by climate change. These factors are a serious
challenge to the functioning of grassland and there is great uncertainty about how it will be
maintained in the future.
Aims. The goal is to maintain grassland biodiversity and increasing their production in
Apuseni Mountains and find a new management for Arnica montana’s oligotrophic
grasslands.
Materials and Methods. Are use programs for vegetation data, have used metric and multidimensional scaling which is a method well adapted at coordination data which are not
normal or arbitrary stairs, and also statistical variance analises.
Results. Mowing or grazing and are the most important environmental factors that lead
structure and composition of plant communities (Rotar et all., 2011). Thus, assumptions about
us that this approach could be a link between management practices and vegetation structure
between productivity and quality.
Conclusion. Categories of abandonment caused changes in the phytocoenoses recorded a
herbaceous carpet degradation both in terms of agronomic and ecological point of view.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Taube F., Schnyder H., I sselstein J. (2010). Foreword of Grassland in a changing world,
Kiel, Grassland Science in Europe, Germany
2. Rotar I., Păcurar F., Bogdan A. (2011). The Influence of Technological Inputs on Arnica
montana habitat. Bulletin USAMV Agriculture 68 (1), 2011, 434-435.
110
SOLUTIONS AND TECHNIQUES FOR CONSERVATIVE AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF ARABLE LANDS IN THE SOMEŞAN PLATEAU
Adrian Ioan POP, Teodor RUSU*, Ileana BOGDAN, Paula Ioana MORARU,
Bogdan Matei DUDA, Camelia Liliana COSTE, Tudor SALAGEAN
*
Keywords: arable land, conservative systems, crop rotation, economic efficiency, production
Introduction. Somesan Plateau fits from a geographical point of view in the northwest part of
the country. Somesan Plateau’s landscape is much more energetic and active with intense
slope processes triggered in time. From a climatic point of view the annual average
temperature is 7.8°C. Atmospheric precipitation presented in the analyzed period of time,
showed an annual average value of about 700 mm. The natural conditions are favorable for
the cultivation of a large number of plants, especially cereals such as winter wheat, maize,
barley, rye and oats.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to apply techniques for conservative use of arable land,
given a number of issues on land suitability, structure of type of land use, efficient
technologies and of soil tillage cultivation by expanding the areas in which one can use these
systems, sometimes being limited by soil characteristics, lanscape, rainfall and crop structure
of the region.
Materials and Methods. The results presented in this paper were obtained in the
experimental fields of agrotechnics discipline from the Jucu region in Cluj, on an argicstagnic Phaoezem soil, with a humus content of 3.8% and a pH of 6.5. The experimental field
consisted in a bifactorial experience AxB-R type: 4x3-3, placed by the subdivided parcels
method, for wheat, soybeans and maize crops. Experimental factors: Factor A - Soil tillage:
a1-worked with reversible plow; a2 - worked with chisel; a3 - worked with paraplow; a4 direct sowing; Factor B - Crop rotation: b1 - soybean; b2 - wheat; b3 - maize.
Results. Research conducted on conservative soils give solutions and techniques and effective
use of arable land, finding a positive influence of their application by the effects of soil
properties and production conservation insured.
Conclusion. In order to apply conservative solutions and techniques capable of halting the
degradation and restoring of soil must be taken into account a number of issues on land
suitability, structure of land use type, efficient technologies of cultivation and tillage to the
implementation of pedologycal - ameliorative measures. An element which conditions the
rational use of lands in the hilly areas and imposes technological restrictions is the slope of
arable lands that is subjected to erosion.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
111
THE CONTRIBUTION OF YIELD COMPONENTS TO THE
ACHIEVEMENT OF PRODUCTION IN SOME WINTER WHEAT
GENOTYPES
Adrian CECLAN2
1
2
*
Keywords: environment, genotypes, yield, wheat.
Introduction. Considering the fact that the yield is the results of many factors, it is very
important to know all the mechanism that determine grain yield of wheat. Every wheat
genotypes exploit different the existing environmental conditions or agronomic inputs,
therefore, to maximize the production is timely to know some aspects regarding the influential
factors affecting the yield components (Adhikary et al., 2009) and finally under grain yield.
The relationship between yield and yield components will be presented.
Aims. The aim of this study was to establish the contribution of every main yield components
implied in wheat production.
Materials and Methods. The experiments were conducted over four years, from 2011 to
2014 at Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. The climatic conditions are
characterized with a high rainfall and temperatures favourable for winter wheat crop. The
biologic material used in this study is quite varied, consisting of 25 winter wheat varieties of
local and foreign origin. As we know the main yield components which determine the yield
are number of grain per spike, weight of grain per spike and thousand kernel weight. The
environmental conditions can have a high influence on the expressiveness of these characters.
Results. the results of our study showed that there are large differences regarding the
influence of environmental conditions on yield components, depending on the specificity of
each genotype.
Conclusion. following our research we observed that the most important character which
determine the grain yield are number of grain per spike alongside by weight of grain per
spike.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Adhikary S.K., Alam M.Z., Paul N.K. (2009). Variation of grain growth of wheat
cultivars, Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34 (3): 351-359.
112
RESULTS REGARING YIELD ELEMENTS OBTAINED AT
DIFFERENT DENSITIES AT CERTAIN SOYBEAN VARIETIES
Raluca REZI1 2*, Ioan HAŞ1 2, Eugen MUREŞANU1
1
2
*
Keywords: density, grain yield, morphological characteristics, soybean varieties.
Introduction. In general, aside from the soybean variety and adequate fertility, different row
spacing and density are a major agronomic factors that significantly influence yield potential.
Soybean plants are influenced by the changes in plant population such as different densities
namely the competition. Previous research reached these issues from various aspects,
however, there is a lack of information regarding how interplant competition affects the yield
components or how Romanian varieties of soybean respond to different plant density
environments.
Aims. The objective of this study was to determine the density effects on soybean yield and
yield components.
Materials and Methods. In the study were included nine early and very early soybean
varieties created at Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda and four foreign
soybean varieties.
This research was carried out as factorial experiment based on randomized blocks design with
two replications during growing season of 2012-2013 at Agricultural Research and
Development Station Turda. At the end of growth season, 10 plants were selected from each
plot randomly and measured yield and morphological characteristics.
Results. The different densities have influenced the response of seed yield and yield
components at both the Romanian and foreign soybean varieties. Soybean yield elements
obtained at different plant density were determined by the plant height, height of the first
basal pod, number of branches per plant, number of pod per plant, number of grain per plant,
grains weight per plant, thousand grain weight. Results indicated that the soybean varieties
have similar behavior in respect to different densities and row spacing.
Conclusion. These results improve the understanding of correlations between different
densities and soybean yield and yield components, also the response of the genotype to
different interplant competition.
113
ADVANTAGES OF USING G.I.S. TECHNOLOGIES IN EVALUATING
OF LAND FAVOURABILITY ASSESSMENT. CASE STUDY THE
NIRAJ RIVER BASIN (TRANSYLVANIA DEPRESSION, ROMANIA)
Sanda ROȘCA1, Ștefan BILAȘCO1,2, Ioan PĂCURAR3*
1
Faculty of Geography, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
3
Romanian Academy, Cluj-Napoca Subsidiary Geography Section, Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
*
2
Keywords: GIS modeling, land favourability, database, Niraj river.
Introduction. Lately, the role of computerization has increased thus to the existence of
software and its use has become indispensable as a result of its applicability to all Earth
sciences. Because of its complex landforms, the anthropic pressure and the irrational use of
land on large surfaces, the river basin of the Niraj is the object of a reorganising process in the
production activities by emphasising the agricultural land use as a resource for sustainable
development which has been too long underexploited. The technique of capability
classification, in collaboration with the GIS techniques of spatial analysis, represents one of
the most facile and concrete ways of identifying and creating an inventory of lands which
fulfil the best conditions for the creation of orchards, through the use of specific indicators:
climatic, morphometric, morphologic, pedologic.
Aims. Purpose of presented paper is to identify the advantages of using G.I.S. technologies in
order to identify the favourability of the areas which are suitable fruit tree cultivation,
agricultural and forest using based on the applied model by integrating the specific indicators
into databases and GIS spatial analysis equations.
Materials and Methods. The spatial modelling of land suitability to various agricultural
cultures requires the use of several techniques and methods of spatial analysis which rely on
specialised software and the manipulation of thematic layers. In the case of the studies which
focus on land suitability to various measures of pedologic improvements, it was necessary to
create a database to include the characteristics of the soil (soil type, texture, gleying processes,
edaphic volume, etc.), the geormorphologic characteristics of the territory under analysis
(slope angle, aspect, elevation), landslides, as well as climatic and hydric data (air
temperature, precipitation amount, flood zones, etc.).
Results. The spatial distribution of the land capability values and the localisation of the
favourable areas for the analysed cultures required the generation of a spatial analysis
equations which includes raster databases and relies on mathematical identifiers which allow
us to illustrate the result of the spatial analysis. The maps of agricultural land use
favourability, materialised into spatially distributed databases, illustrate the land capability
values for various measurable, significant indicators which were mapped at local and regional
scale.
Conclusion. The final results can be statistically analysed in relation to their spatial
distribution inside the natural (in this case, the Niraj river basin) and the administrative
territorial units (by analysing at the commune level the most suitable land uses that were
identified by the model), in order to reach the most appropriate decisions for the integrated
management of the agricultural land.
114
LOCAL POPULATIONS. GERMPLASM SOURCES IN MAIZE
Carmen - Daniela ROTAR1,2*, Ioan HAS1,2, Ana COPÂNDEAN1, Voichita HAS1
1
2
Keywords: local populations, germplasm, genetic variability, sources of genes.
Introduction. The spread limitation of local populations forced to organize a national
program for the collection, study and preservation of indigenous germplasm due to
outstanding value starting material of populations and varieties that are the result of long
natural selection.
Aims. Collection of local populations of maize, maintaining the existing genetic resources
collections resource assessment through qualitative descriptions of phenotypic expression,
also quantitative descriptors assessing whether variability in populations collected from
ARDS Turda.
Materials and Methods. The study carried out with a number of 284 local indigenous
populations of maize maintained at ARDS Turda. Populations were evaluated for assessing
the qualitative descriptors of phenotypic expression, quantitative descriptors and also the
variability.
Results. At the studied populations were analyzed a number of 18 characters for improving
and create synthetic populations, inbred lines and hybrids derived from local populations.
Highest variability occurs at the number of panicle branches, followed by the weight of the
ear, number of kernels per row, and for the lowest coefficient of variation was encountered in
the size of the plant.
Conclusion. Local maize germplasm can be used as the initial genetic material transmission
of characters (early fecundity, resistance to low temperature and drought, dropping root).
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Has V., Has I., Pamfil D., Copândean A., Câmpean S. (2009). Evaluatin of ”Turda”
maize germoplasm for phenotypic variability in grain chemical compozition”. Maydica
54: 313-320.
2. Căbulea I., Roman L., Tătaru V., Grecu C. (1975). Transylvania maize local germplasm
and there use in the work of improvement. In "Problems of Theoretical and Applied
Genetics," vol VII (1): 57-90.
115
ECOLOGIC AND AGRONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE AGROSTIS
CAPILLARIS L. – TRISETUM FLAVESCENS (L.) P. BEAUV
GRASSLAND SUBTYPE
Ioan ROTAR*, Florin PĂCURAR, Anca BOGDAN, Roxana VIDICAN
and Miklós NAGY
*
Keywords: ecological factors, grasslands, phytodiversity.
Introduction. Grasslands in Apuseni Mountains are used in a traditional system, which
involves mostly the use of human and animal force. Traditional grassland management in the
region have created favorable conditions for the maintenance of species-rich grassland.
Aims. The aim of the study was the characterization of A. capillaris L. – T. flavescens (L.) P.
Beauv. grassland subtype from both, ecological and agronomic point of view.
Materials and Methods. The research was unfolded within Gârda de Sus commune, on the
Gheţari – Poiana Călineasa Plateau. For the floristic composition’s study we used the BraunBlanquét method. The plants’ demands for the ecological factors have been characterized by
species’ indicator values after Ellenberg and Kovács. The plants’ resistance against
mechanical disturbances were embodied after Dierschke and Briemle and also land-use
manner’s interpretation and framing into intensification classes was performed. As phytosociological indexes, the mean abundance-dominance, the Shannon-Wiener index and the
constancy have been calculated.
Results. The phytocenosis A. capillaris L. – T. flavescens (L.) P. Beauv. has been identified
in 37 sites. The Poaceae species are present in average by 48,4 % with a minimum of 23,5 %
and a maximum of 81 %. The Cyperaceae and Juncaceae families have a reduced partake, in
average 1,01 %, being absent in most of the cases. The species of Fabaceae family appear in
the canopy with an average 10,8 %, with a minimum 0 % and a maximum of 28 %. The plants
of other botanical families appear averagely by 45,15 % partake, with a minimum of 16 %
and a maximum of 75 %. Regarding the grassland’s agronomic value, it frames within the 6th
class, the grassland category is medium and it endures an animal load of 0,81 – 1,00 LSU/ha.
Conclusion. The A. capillaris L. – T. flavescens (L.) P. Beauv. subtype can be characterized
as heliophytes, microtherm, mesophytes, moderate acidophilous, medium nitrophilous,
medium resistant to mowing, medium resistant to stepping and medium resistant to grazing.
116
RESEARCHES REGARDING WEED CONTROL IN SOYBEAN CROP
Teodor RUSU1, Cornel CHEŢAN2, Ileana BOGDAN1, Felicia CHEŢAN2,
Mircea IGNEA2, Bogdan DUDA1, Ilarie IVAN3, Gheorghe BUNEA4
1
2
3
Tehnical University of Cluj, Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
6
Bogdan Voda University,Cluj – Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: weed control, chemical strategies, soybean.
Introduction. Soybean shows special sensitivity to weeding while in the early growth stages
until the land is covered, but also in the mature stages after the leaves begin to fall. Once
invaded by weeds, especially in the first phase of growth, the culture is no longer recovering
even if later, weeds are controlled. Soy being a plant with small-middle size is part of a group
of agricultural plants easily competed by weeds, thus resulting in large production losses (3080%), sometimes compromising the whole culture (Berca, 2004, Rusu et al., 2012).
Aims. starting from: (1) requirements of the soybean crop towards environmental and
technological factors so that it can effectively compete with weeds; (2) reporting the weed control
strategy to new climatic conditions through specific measures of adaptation; (3) strategies
research of chemical complementary herbicides regarding their combat range and time of
application.
Materials and Methods. Research was conducted at Agricultural Research and Development
Station Turda, located in the physical-geographical area of Transylvanian Plain on a vertic
Faeoziom soil type. As mono-factorial experience, is organized within the demonstrative
Donau Soja Platform, following the placed end to end blocks method (storied). As biological
material was used Felix soybean variety. Experimental variants are: V1 - Frontier Forte
(dimetenamid-P 720 g/l) 1.4 l/ha + Surdone (metribuzin 700 g/l) 0.4 kg/ha (+ Trend 250
ml/ha) preem + Pulsar 40 (imazamox 40 g/l) 1 l/ha postem early + Stratos Ultra (cicloxidim
100 g/l) 3 l/ha postem; V2 - Stomp 330 EC (pendimetalin 330 g/l) 5 l/ha + Surdone
(metribuzin 700 g/l) 0.4 kg/ha (+ Trend 250 ml/ha) preem + Basagran Forte (bentazon 480 g/l
+ wettol 150 g/l) 2 l/ha + Agil 100 EC (propaquizafop 100 g/l) 0.8 l/ha postem (tank-mix); V3
- Surdone (metribuzin 700 g/l) 0.5 kg/ha (+ Trend 250 ml/ha) preem + Harmony 50 SG
(tifensulfuron-metil 50%) 12 g/l + Leopard 5 EC (quizalofop-P-etil 50 g/l) 0.7 l/ha postem
(tank-mix); V4 - Dual Gold 960 EC (S-metolaclor 960 g/l) 1 l/ha + Pledge 50 WP
(flumioxazin 50%) 90 g/ha preem + Basagran Forte (bentazon 480 g/l + wettol 150 g/l) 2 l/ha
+ Leopard 5 EC (quizalofop-P-etil 50 g/l) 0.7 l/ha postem (tank-mix).
Results. In order to maintain soybean cultures clean of weeds, it is necessary, in general, to
apply two chemical treatments, the first ppi/pre-emergent spraying for some annual
dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds and the 2nd post-emergence treatment for
dicotyledonous weeds. If on vegetation exists infestations both with annual or perennial
monocotyledonous weeds, good results are obtained by associating two complementary
herbicides, which combat both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.
Conclusion. Weed control in soybean crop ensures and enhances the return on investment for
the used technology elements: fertilization, genetic potential of varieties, irrigation,
exploitation of environmental resources.
117
ASSESSMENT OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE PRODUCTION
AND SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF SPRING BARLEY
COLLECTION FROM ARDS TURDA
Florin RUSSU1,2*, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Vasile MOLDOVAN1 and Rozalia KADAR1
1
2
Agricultural Research Station Turda, Turda, Romania.
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca.
Romania
*
Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Keywors: flag leaf, height of plants, spring barley, thousand kernel weight, weight of grains/
main spike.
Introduction. In our country the areas seeded with barley and spring barley fluctuated from
year to year but in recent year are maintaing around values 400 – 500 thousand ha. Regarding
the medium yield, it has varied but in recent years is maintaing at about 3t/ha. For the
identification of valuable genotypes of spring barley collection from ARDS Turda which can
be used during hybridization and future estimates of variability in the levels of collection, was
carried out a study on this collection.
Aims. Assessment of genetic variability for some morphological characters and main
components of production of spring barley collection from ARDS Turda and identify valuable
genetic sources for improvement.
Materials and Methods. Spring barley collection from ARDS Turda is organized as a link in
the process of breeding program of spring barley. The spring barley collection from ARDS
Turda, include of 550 genotypes representing foreign and local varieties and also lines
obtained in the breeding program.This study was carried out for a total of 477 spring barley
genotypes.
Characters that have been analyzed are: plant height, flag leaf length, thousand kernel weight
(TKW), grain weight per spike and biological yield. To estimate the stability under the
influence of climatic conditions we used a repeatability analysis and calculated the
correlations between characters and the conditions of experimental years 2012 and 2013. This
provides indirect information for the heritability index.
Results. In the collection we identify stable genotypes for plant height that can be used in
future breeding program to reduce plant height and avoid the phenomenon of fall. As well we
identified varieties with high TKW values and grain weight/spike and high heritability index
that will be used in hybridization programs.
Conclusion. The collection of spring barley varieties from ARDS Turda shows enough
variability that can be used in breeding programs. Renewal of the collection with new sources
of genes and differentiated geographically genotypes will lead through the hybridization
processes to valuable recombination.
118
THE USE OF GIS FOR EVALUATING AREAS FROM SOMEŞ MIC
MEADOW AFFECTED BY EXCESS MOISTURE
Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Teodor RUSU1, Lucian DRAGOMIR2, Paula Ioana MORARU1,
Adrian Ioan POP1 and Bogdan DUDA1
1
2
Faculty of Agriculture, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania.
*
Keywords: excess moisture, floodplain, GIS, soil, thematic maps
Introduction. Soils degraded by excessive moisture are characterized by the content on
surface and in the mass of water which prevents normal function of plants and bring soil in
poor condition of tillage and cultivation (Dîrja and Budiu, 2006).
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to create a geographical informational system with which
we can create different thematic maps necessary for developing management strategies and
management of land improvement works for an efficiently use of water resources.
Materials and Methods. The main purpose of a GIS is, besides entrying, storaging and
editing of data (geographic, climatic, demographic, environmental etc.), studying and
analyzing this information in a relational context, thus being able to develop some complex
decisions (Dimitriu, 2007). Geographic Information Systems are built around four basic
elements or functions (Borşan and Voicu, 2009): designing the database; introducing the data;
data interrogation; displaying the results.
Results. The process of aligning and data transforming involves identifying the set of control
points whose coordinates are known and which must be determined with high accuracy, being
dotted the pixel which locates point. The x and y coordinates of all other points on the map
are calculated automatically based on algorithms from the program. Once there are
determined the checkpoints of the map is very important to check if they are within
tolerances. After georeferencing each trapezoid will obtain the map of the studied area, but
since the projection system specific to Romania is the 1970 Stereographic Projection, it is
necessary the transcalculus from the Gauss Kruger system. An important factor influencing
the excess moisture from the soil surface and from the soil, is the air temperature. So based on
the data collected from the meteorological station in Cluj-Napoca, was performed an analysis
of the average, minimum and maximum monthly temperature values during the period 20112012.
Conclusion. This thematic interdisciplinary paper aims to highlight the issues of combating
and preventing degradation processes of floodplain agricultural ecosystems from Someş Mic
meadow, between Cluj-Napoca and Dej, caused by excess water from the soil. Using
Geographic Information System facilitates a better and a more efficient decision making of
field operations, having the possibility of permanently updating field data.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
119
BEHAVIOR OF NEW PHYLLOXERA RESITANT ROOTSTOCKS ON
DIFFERENT VINEYARD SITES
Joachim SCHMID1*, Frank MANTY1 and Ernst H. RUEHL1
Institute for Grapevine Breeding, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany.
*
Keywords: adaptation, phylloxera, rootstock.
Introduction. Phylloxera risk makes viticulture virtually impossible without grafted vines.
Most rootstock varieties are sufficiently phylloxera tolerant but not resistant, allowing the
formation of leaf galls and root nodosities. Genetic diversity of rootstocks is small worldwide.
Rootstocks of the Vitis cinerea genotype are highly resistant to phylloxera (e.g. Börner, Rici,
Cina). The Introduction of completely phylloxera resistant rootstocks is the chief goal of our
breeding program at Geisenheim. New candidate varieties are evaluated for rooting and
grafting capability comparing their performance in vineyard trials to commonly used
rootstocks.
Aims. The aim of this study is to gain information on some alternative rootstocks and new
completely phylloxera resistant candidate varieties, which could help to enlarge the range of
commercially used rootstocks.
Materials and Methods. Plants were bench-grafted with virus tested rootstock and Pinot
Noir, Pinot Gris, Trollinger (Black Hamburg) and White Riesling as scion material, callused
in a glasshouse and rooted in a field nursery. Rootstock trials were located in the different
wine growing regions in Germany representing a range of different soil typs.
Results. Rootstocks have a huge impact on the scion partner, its physiology and performance.
Different yield levels are corresponding to the relative water holding capacities of the trial
sites. While most rootstocks show variable results, SO4 is the most stable high level
performer at all sites. A number of new Geisenheim crosses show comparably performance
characteristics on a medium to high level according to site specific soil conditions. Vigour,
yield, berry size, concentration of minerals within berry juice, content of organic acids, pH
and sugar concentration are affected by rootstocks considerably.
Conclusion. The introduction of new completely phylloxera resistant rootstocks will
contribute to a larger biodiversity, which is a good protection measure against phylloxera and
possible new root diseases. A number of new Geisenheim rootstock crosses show a good
potential for commercial cultivation. Despite these encouraging results, more trials are
needed. In any case, an increase in rootstock biodiversity is crucial for the future development
of viticulture.
120
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZATION AND ZEOLITE ON
SOYBEAN PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
FROM ARDS TURDA
Susana SFECHIŞ, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Vlad STOIAN
*
Keywords: faeoziom argic, nodules, soybean, statistical analysis, zeolite.
Introduction. Total or partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with zeolite is a viable
alternative because of the advantages it provides plants through improved soil physical and
chemical properties due to cation exchange capacity; increase soil nitrification, which results
in bacterial population growth of pathogenic fungi that attack crops and increase productivity.
Aims. The study aims to analyze the influence of the zeolite mineral fertilization on
productivity elements and microbiological soil characteristics on the number of nodules on
soybean crop in climatic conditions from SCDA Turda.
Material and Methods. Experiments were located at SCDA Turda, a ground faeoziom argic
after Latin method rectangle in 4 repetitions with 8 different variants of fertilization, the
biological material was represented by variety Felix created at SCDA Turda variety.
Regarding microbiological activity in soil were made to determine the number of
nodules/variant flowering phenophase.
Results. Among the variants fertilized with mineral and with zeolite, productivity elements
did not reveal significant differences. With regard to the number of nodules that significant
variations depending on the dose of fertilizer, respectively zeolite dose applied.
Conclusions. In the first experimental year (2013) in climatic conditions from SCDA Turda,
no significant differences as regards its production increases. With the application of different
doses of mineral fertilizers and zeolite significant differences apear on the number of
nodules/plant.
Acknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found,
Human Resources Development Operational Programe 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Muntean et al., (2003). Phytotechny, Publishing USAMV „Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi,
160-189, 256-276, 303-333;
2. Vidican R. (2007). Microbiology, Risoprint Publishing, Cluj-Napoca;
3. Vidican R. (2013). User manual application of fertilizers, Risoprint Publishing, ClujNapoca.
121
THE IMPACT OF BIOLOGICAL, ECOLOGICAL AND
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE FORAGE YIELD OF
COMPLEX MIXTURES OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AND LEGUMES
Nicuşor SIMA1, Doru CRISTE1 and Rodica SIMA2*
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords: climate change, temporary pastures, cutting
Introduction. The negative impact of climatic changes is obviously in the forage production.
In these conditions the knowledge of biological characteristics, requirements and reactions at
environmental conditions of different species which compose complex mixtures becomes
very important. Temporary pastures with complex mixtures of perennial grasses and legumes
can provide high fodder yields in less favourable for plant growth and development
conditions (Motcă et al., 1994, Vîntu et al., 2004).
Aims. The choice of mixtures of perennial grasses and legumes, unlike pure crops of
perennial grasses and legumes for the establishment of temporary pastures, provides the preequisites of sustainable forage production (Mathieu, 2003; Rotar and Carlier, 2005).
Materials and Methods. The experiment was organized by subdivided plots method with 9
crops (8 complex mixtures composed of perennial fodder grasses and legumes M2 – M8,
respectively a control variant represented by pure alfalfa crop M1), 3 levels of fertilization
(N0P0, N60P70 and N120P70 kg∙ha-1) and 3 replications. The obtained data were statistical
analyzed using ANOVA test.
Results. Environmental conditions during vegetative period in 2010 determined distinct
significant yield increases while droughty conditions of 2011 determined distinct significant
yield decreases. The fertilizations with N60P70 and N120P70 kg∙ha-1 determined significant
and very significant yield increases. The mixture type provided statistical significant yield
increases in 6 of those 8 mixtures compared to the pure alfalfa crop.
Conclusion. The analisys of the three experimental factors (mixture, fertilization and year)
interaction reveals the importance of biological characteristics of species in mixtures. The best
results were obtained for M7, M8 and M5 mixtures. All these mixtures provided high yields
both in the favourable climatic conditions of 2010 and in the droughty conditions of 2011.
References
1. Motcă Gh., Oancea I., Geamănu L.I. (1994). Pasture of Romania. Typology and
technology, Handbook, Ed. Tehn. Agricolă. Bucureşti, Romania, 97-150.
2. Mathieu M. (2003). Luzerne–culture, recolte, conservation, utilisation. Editions France
Agricole. Chp. 3, 87-88.
3. Rotar I. and Carlier L. (2005). Pastures culture. Ed. Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca. p. 9-27.
4. Vîntu V., Moisuc A., Motcă Ghe. and Rotar I. (2004). Fodder plants and pastures culture.
Ed. Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi. 17 -57.
122
RESEARCHES ON THE GERMINATION BIOLOGY
OF SOME COMMON WEED SEEDS IN TURKEY
Hüseyin SOLAK1, Murat KARACA2* and Ahmet GÜNCAN2
1
Ziraat Bank, Konya, Turkey.
Department of Plant Protection. University of Selcuk, Turkey.
*
2
Keywords: weed seed, germination, biology.
Introduction. Weeds in agricultural production is one of the most important factors affecting
yield. They causes yield lose ranging from 25% to 35% by competing with cultivated plants
especially for nutrient, water, light and place (Ozer, 1993). This data show the significance of
weeds in agricultural areas. It is necessary to control the weeds to remove their harm.
Principally the meaning of control is to know their biology.
Aims. With this research the germination biology conditions (minimum, optimum and
maximum germination temperature, germination period and germination rate) of some
common weeds that are widespread in the agriculture in Turkey have been examined.
Summarize It is aimed to determine some of the characteristics that can help in weed
management.
Materials and Methods. Seven weed species seeds have been used in the experiments. In
order to determine the germination conditions, the petri dishes were observed at 2, 5, 10, 15,
20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 o C for 28 days by putting them into incubators operating at a stable
temperature. All experiments were conducted with four repetitions. From the beginning of the
experiments counting was done on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days (Uygur 1985).
Results. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures were 7-10, 30-40 and
43-45 °C for Amaranthus retroflexus L., respectively. These parameters for Chenopodium
album L. were 0–2, 15–25 and 40 °C; for Alhagi camelorum Fisch. they were 7–10, 25–40
and 40–43 °C; for Galium aparine L. they were 0–2, 5–25 and 25–30 °C; for Taraxacum
officinale Weber. they were 0–2, 10–30 and 40 °C; for Heliotropium europaeum L. they were
20–35, 40 and 40–43 °C; for Peganum harmala L. they were 7–10, 20–30 and 43–45 °C.
Conclusion. It is necessary to weeds identify, biology and to determine of life forms and
much more radical solutions for weed management in the agricultural fields. Investigation of
these characteristics in order to form the basis of integrated pest management program has
great importance.
Acknowledgements. This study was extracted from MSc thesis of Hüseyin
References
1. Uygur, F. N. 1985. Untersuchungen zu Art und Bedeutung der Verunkrautung in der
Cukurova unter besonderer Berücksictigung von Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Und
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. PLITS 1985/3 (5) Stuttgart.
2. Ozer, Z. (1993). Niçin Yabancı Ot Bilimi (Herboloji)?. Türkiye I. Herboloji Kongresi. 35 Şubat 1993, Adana. s.1-7.
123
DEVELOPMENT OF AN EQUIPMENT FOR IN FIELD MEASURING
OF TRACTION FORCES DURING SOIL TILLAGE
Sorin STĂNILĂ
Keywords: force transducers, data acquisition, traction forces, soil tillage.
Introduction. The traction forces can be determined theoretically with different relations, or
they can be measured in field with different implements. The collective of Technical Sciences
and Soil Sciences, from the Faculty of Agriculture has developed a system for measuring
traction forces of agricultural machines in field operation. This system will be able to measure
the traction forces for different agricultural machines in different soil conditions up to 50 kN.
Aims. This paper presents how the system is made and methods for sensor calibration for
forces measurement. The system will be capable of determining the value of longitudinal
forces (Fx), vertical forces (Fz) and transversal forces (Fy).
Materials and Methods. For measuring the traction forces, the system has two steel frames
which are mounted between the tractor and the agricultural machine. Those two frames are
linked together by six HBM S2/S9 force transducers: three for longitudinal forces, two for
vertical forces and one for transversal forces (rotation moment is created between two
frames). All six force transducers are connected to a data acquisition device SPIDER8 which
is an electronic measuring system for PCs for electronic measurement of mechanical
variables.
Results. The measuring system with two frames was developed at Technical Sciences, from
the Faculty of Agriculture, regarding shape, size and materials. The execution of frames will
be made in collaboration with SC Tehnofavorit Bonţida SRL. The size of frames was
established to fit a wide range of tractors and agricultural machines with 3 different point
hitch sizes. For calibrating the force transducers we used a hydraulic stand. Each force
transducer was mounted on a stand, tensioned and compressed to measure the forces range.
After this calibration, it resulted that all six forces transducers respect the manufacturer
prescriptions (0-50 kN) and can be used to measure in field operations.
Conclusion. Equipment for in field measuring of traction forces during soil tillage was
developed to measure and evaluate tractor and tillage tools' parameters. The measuring
system has two steel frames and six force transducers which were calibrated for in field
operations.
124
EFFECT OF SALINE IRRIGATION AND SOWING DEPTH ON
GERMINATION OF BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris) IN A POT
EXPERIMENT
Sinan SUHERI, Duran YAVUZ, Iknur YAYLALI and Nurcan YAVUZ*
Department of Farm Structure and Irrigation. University of Selcuk, Turkey.
*
Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris, germination, saline water.
Introduction. Bean is an important leguminous crop in Turkey. Konya ranks first in Turkey
in terms of the bean cultivation areas with a total area of 14.869 (Anonymous, 2008). The
Konya basin where the experiment conducted has a semi arid climate. In this areas salinity
remains a major problem facing agriculture rainfall is insufficient to leach salts from the root
zone and evaporation tends to exceed rainfall. The common bean is an example of salt
sensitive species (Maas and Hoffman, 1977) Salinity impairs seed germination, reduces
nodule formation, retards plant development and reduces crop yield (Greenway and Munns,
1980).
Aims. This study was conducted to investigate seedling emergence in two bean cultivars in
response to a range of sowing depths and salinity treatments.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were conducted in May 2013 in a greenhouse at
Selcuk University Agricultural Faculty in Konya, Turkey with two bean varieties. Several
plastic pots were filled with clay loam soil taken from a field which previously carried a
wheat crop. 50 bean seeds were sown in each pot to a depth 2, 4 and 6 cm. The experimental
design was a split-split plot with salinity treatments as main plots, seedling depths as subplots
and cultivars subsubplots replicated four times. Pots were irrigated with tap water (0.3 dSm -1)
or (2.0, 3.0 or 6.0 dSm-1). Crop germination was recorded daily till all the seeds were
germinated and emerged from the soil surface.
Results. Crop germinatin was significantly affected by irrigation water salinity. Generally,
germination was severely limited at the highest salinity treatments. Depths of sowing had a
significant impact on seedling emergence. The highest germination rate was obtained from
lower sowing rates. Seedling emergence was significantly influenced by salinity, sowing
depth and interactions. It has been found that salinity effects germination time. Early
germination has occurred on the lower salinity treatments.
Conclusion. Saline irrigation water, containing appreciable amounts of soluble salts, is
conducive to increased agricultural production. The results of this study indicate that crop
germination were affected significantly with irrigation water salinity.
References
1. Hussain G., Al-Jaloud A.A., Al-Shammary, S.A., Karimulla, S. And Al-Aswad S.O.
(1997). Effect of saline irrigation on germination on growth parameters of barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) in pot experiment. Agriculture Water Management 34: 125-135
2. Esechie H.A., Al-Saidi, A and Al-Khanjari S. (2002) Effect of Sodium Chloride Salinity
on Seedling Emergence in Chickpea. Journal of Argronomy & Crop science 188, 155160
3. Greenway H and Munns R (1980). Mechanism of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes.Ann.
Rev. Plant. Physiol., 31:149-190.
125
LINKAGES BETWEEN SOIL BIODIVERSITY AND
AGROECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURE
Mignon ŞANDOR* and Aurel MAXIM
*
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: agroecosystem, biodiversity, ecosystem services, soil.
Introduction. Soils are of central importance for delivering ecosystem services such as food
and fiber production, soil and water quality, climate mitigation, pest regulation, nutrient
cycling. Soil biodiversity is a part of global biodiversity and is more often defined as the
diversity of living organisms that live into the soil. Agroecosystems are both providers and
consumers of ecosystems services (Power, 2010). Soil biodiversity provide supporting
services to agroecosystems but the mechanism of how this is done is not yet understood.
During the last period many studies about these mechanism was done but the relationship is
still not well understood.
Aims. The objective of this review is to give an overview on which role soil biodiversity
plays in assurance of ecosystem services in agroecosystems.
Material and Methods. Available data related to soil biodiversity - agroecosystem services
relationship were analyzed.
Results. Agroecosystems produce a variety of ecosystem services such as regulation of soil
and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. These
services are provided as a result of complex relationships between biota – environment –
human management. Soil biodiversity is considered as key component of agroecosystem and
proceses as nutrient cycle, soil formation and pest control are directly dependent on them.
Through microbial and faunal component of soil biodiversity supporting services of
agroecosystems are provided and can be managed in order to assure sustainable agricultural
production.
Conclusions. Agroecosystems provide many ecosystem services that are essential to human
wellbeing. Through the management practices that improve soil biodiversity in agricultural
system the beneficial effects could be increased while negative impact of agricultural
production on environment can be reduced.
References
1. Power A.G. (2010). Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies, Phil.
Trans. R. Soc B, 365:2959-2971
2. Wallace K. J. (2007). Classification of ecosystem services: problems and solutions,
Biological Conservation, 139:235-246
126
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOIL BIOTA AND ENERGY CROPS IN A
PHYTOCOSM EXPERIMENT IN THE GREENHOUSE
Valentina ŞANDOR1,2, Roxana VIDICAN1*, Quentin SCHORPP2 ,
Mignon SANDOR3, Stefan SCHRADER2
1
2
Institute of Biodiversity, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute,Braunschweig, Germany.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: Roxana.vidican”usamvcluj.ro
Keywords: earthworms, collembolans, Silphium perfoliatum, Zea mays
Introduction. The relationships between biodiversity and agroecosystem functioning are
complex and require clarification for each of the services biodiversity can provide. Their
positive effects depend principally on interactions between biotic components or between
biotic and abiotic components of the agroecosystem (Pulleman et al., 2012).
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of earthworms and collembolans
in the rhizosphere of conventional and alternative bioenergy crops (Z. mays and S.
perfoliatum) taking into account two soil textures, sandy (65.4%) and loamy (67.2%).
Materials and Methods. For this purpose, a soil-plant-animal system was installed under
greenhouse conditions for 42 days and followed a randomized block design. In total, 80
phytocosms were prepared, considering five replicates for each treatment: one treatment
inoculated earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris), one treatment inoculated with collembolans
(Folsomia candida), a mixed treatment and one treatment without animals which served as
control. All phytocosms were closed at the bottom with nylon-mesh (20 μm) to avoid
earthworms and collembolans to escape. Furthermore, the top of the phytocosms were
covered with similar mesh prevent collembolans from escape and to reduce evaporation.
Results. The results show a positive influence of earthworms on plant growth and differences
between the two energy crops. The cup-plant S. perfoliatum benefits more from soil biota
interaction in sandy than loamy soil. Root and shoot biomass had a stronger growth in the
treatments with earthworms than collembolans.
Conclusion. Cup plant rhizosphere is more beneficial for soil biota than maize rhizosphere.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Pulleman M., Creamer R., Hamer U., Helder J., Pelosi C., Pérès .G, Rutgers M. (2012).
Soil biodiversity, biological indicators and soil ecosystem services-an overview of
European approaches. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 4: 529–538.
127
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTION AND
QUALITY INDICES OF WHEAT, IN CONSERVATIVE SYSTEM, AT
ARDS TURDA
Alina ŞIMON1,2*, Felicia CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2,
Mircea IGNEA1
1
*
2
Keywords: fertilization, conservative system, wheat variety, yield, quality.
Introduction. Execution the works soil must be made in terms of limiting to the strict
minimum necessary and the moisture to content corresponding (Gus et al., 2003). In the
conservative agricultural system fertilization is done sequentially: basic fertilization carried
out concurrently the sowing and additional fertilization in the resumption of vegetation in the
case of cereal grain (Nagy et al., 2008).
Aims. The purpose of this paper is researching the influence of the fertilization with different
doses, in the climatic conditions during the period 2011-2013, at Arieşan and Apullum wheat
variety, in terms of production and quality indices.
Materials and Methods. Is a bifactorial experience, type AxB-R: 5x2-3. Factor AFertilization graduation: A1= unfertilized; A2= N40P40; A3= N80P80; A4= N80P80+ N50 applied
to vegetation; A5= N80P80+ N50 applied to vegetation+ foliar fertilizer with Agrofeed 4 kg/ha.
Factor B-Variety graduation: B1= Arieşan wheat variety; B2= Apullum wheat variety.
Results. In the case of Arieşan, in data analysis at doses of fertilizer exceeding N 80P80, good
results are obtained for both the production and at the main indices of quality of wheat. In the
case of the Apullum variety in all of fertilization variants have obtained higher yields
compared to unfertilized witness. The dose of fertilizer applied has influence and on the
protein, the most important differences being performed at N80P80+N50 on vegetation.
Conclusion. The use of varieties adapted to the changing environmental conditions is
especially helpful for obtaining high yields even in the years of abnormal climatic. the yield
obtained from the Arieşan variety were very high compared with unfertilized witness and
Apullum variety made more uniform production than Arieşan variety.
References
1. Guş P., Rusu T., Bogdan I. (2003). Conventional and unconventional systems of soil
tillage. Ed. Risoprint Cluj-Napoca, 124.
2. Nagy E., Nagy K., Haş I. (2008). Influence of fungicide treatments on yield and quality of
wheat in farming system with conservative soil tillage. Minimum tillage systems Alternatives for environmental protection. Ed. Risoprint Cluj-Napoca, 80-85.
128
MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION VARIATION PRODUCED BY
MULCHING AND ZINC SULPHATE OVERLAPPED ON
DIFFERENTIATED FERTILIZATION
Vlad STOIAN, Roxana VIDICAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR
Keywords: mulching, zinc sulphate, mycorrhizal colonization, differentiated fertilization.
Introduction. The necessity to produce increasingly high quantities of forages, in the current
social and economic conditions, requires more accentuated intensification of the surfaces
occupied by grasslands. Administration of large amounts of fertilizers leads to a depreciation
of the canopy, being advantaged the dominant species adapted to a higher consumption of
nutrients. The danger of destabilization of grassland ecosystems is much higher in the
mountains, where the high biodiversity of vegetation is directly correlated with the level of
mycorrhizal colonization. Simultaneous evolution of mycorrhizal fungi as symbionts in roots
of higher plants makes them play an important role in nutrient balance of ecosystems as a
result of the interconnection of plants roots that they colonize through hyphal networks.
Aims. This paper aims to analyze the impact of mulching on a mountain grassland versus
mowing and application of zinc sulphate treatment to stabilize the level of mycorrhizal
colonization, at the end of vegetate period, after a differentiated fertilization.
Materials and Methods. Perturbation level of fertilization and treatment over colonization
parameters was analysed in roots of Festuca rubra, in an experiment with 6 graduations of
mineral and organic fertilization located in Garda de Sus village, at the end of vegetation
period in 2010 and 2011.
Results. Variants of fertilization based on chemical nitrogen combined with mulching and
treatment with zinc sulphate provided a balanced colonization frequency during both
experimental years, compared to the strong disrupt produced by organic fertilization from one
year to another. The intensity of the colonization of root system of Festuca rubra plants is
much less sensitive to the application of the zinc sulphate above fertilization, the differences
between the values at the both years being very low. Mulching, in the same fertilization
conditions, creates a much stronger variation of the intensity of colonization, with strong
variations from one year to the other one.
Conclusion. The application of mulching can create much higher disturbances for the level of
mycorrhizal colonization compared to treatment with zinc sulphate under same conditions of
differentiated fertilization, resulting in a destabilization of the balance in the rhizosphere of
Festuca rubra plants.
129
THE INFLUENCE OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENT ON THE
PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SEVERAL AUTUMN WHEAT
VARIETIES
Loredana SUCIU1,2, Raluca MICLEA1, Rozalia KADAR2 and Carmen PUIA1*
1
2
*
Keywords: fungicide, quality, yield, wheat
Introduction. The wheat production range from one year to another and is influenced by the
climatic conditions, the cultivated variety and by the presence of the pathogens which cause
foliar and ear diseases (Elena Nagy and Nagy, 2008). Also the quality of production (protein
and gluten) is influenced by the pedological and climatic condition and diseases (Suciu et al.,
2013).
Aims. The objective of this paper is to highlight once again the importance of fungicide
treatments on the vegetation, in order to obtain higher production in terms of quantity and
quality.
Materials and Methods. The effect of vegetation treatments fungicide on the production and
quality was studied in 2012-2013 at ARDS Turda, in the Phytopathology laboratory field. The
study was conducted with five wheat varieties: Ariesan, Apullum Turda 2000, Dumbrava and
Andrada and the test variants were: no treatment (T0), one treatment, (T1) and two treatments
(T2). The vegetation treatments have been carried out with the products Nativo (1l/ha) at the
flag leaf appearance and Prosaro (1l/ha) at the end of flowering. Because the fusarium head
blight, produced by different species of the genus Fusarium, is the most important disease in
wheat crops and has a high impact on the quality and quantity of production, the percentage
of diseased kernels was determined. The production was evaluated in kg/ha and the
qualitative parameters were determined using the INSTALAB 600 analyzer.
Results. Following the observations made and the statistical interpretation of data, we can say
that applying vegetation treatments the percentage of diseased grains decreases, with
significant, distinct significantly and very significant negative differences compared to the
control. The yield increases with 235-933 kg/ha when was applied a treatment and with 3161375 kg/ha, when were applied two treatments. The gluten and the protein content recorded a
slight decrease or increase, depending on the test variant and the ash content decreased when
the treatments were applied on the vegetation.
Conclusion. The application of fungicide treatments on the vegetation is an important link in
the wheat cultivation technology, ensuring the achievement quantitative and qualitative higher
production.
References
1. Nagy E., Nagy D.C. (2008). Influenţa tratamentelor cu fungicide asupra producţiei şi
calităţii la câteva soiuri de grâu. AN. I.N.C.D.A. Fundulea. Vol. LXXVI.
2. Suciu L., Şopterean L., Kadar R. (2013), Influenţa tratamentelor foliare asupra producţiei
la câteva soiuri de grâu de toamnă la SCDA Turda. Agricultura Transilvană, Buletin
Informativ, nr. 19.
130
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS PRODUCED BY JOHNSON GRASS
EXTRACTS OVER GERMINATION AND GROWTH
OF CROP PLANTS
Ramona ŞTEF1*, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana GROZEA1, Isidora RADULOV2
and Adina BERBECEA2
1
Department of Biology and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine “Regele Mihai I al României”, Timişoara, Romania
2
Department of Soil Sciences, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
“Regele Mihai I al României”, Timişoara, Romania
*
Keywords: allelopathic extract, maize, soy, Johnson grass, germination.
Introduction. Jhonson grass (Sorghum halepense) is a very competitive weed and invasive, it
is the most damaging weed in Romania in hoeing crops. Ad competitive ability of Jhonson
grass to add the production of allelopathic substances that adversely affect germination of
other plant species. Alelopathic effect of this species is determined by the cyanogenic,
glycogenic and phenolic compound contributing to the suppression of growth of crop plants.
"Biochemical inhibition" theory of de Candolle (1832) was confirmed in 1937 by Molisch,
who introduced the term scientific of„allelopaty”, referring to the "biochemical dialogue"
between organisms (Cristea et al., 2004). Allelopaty refers to the inhibition of a chemical
species to another. "Inhibitory" substances are released into the environment where it affects
the development and growth of surrounding plants (Ferguson et al, 2013). This antagonistic
phenomenon is a form of competition between weeds and plants. This biochemical interaction
consists of the removal of root exudates, foliar and stem. Active secretions are produced by
live organs of the plant, and the passive, come from the dead organs in the course of
decomposition (Grodzinski, 1966 cited by Chirilă, 2001).
Aims. The proposed study intends to provide data on the influence of Jhonson grass extracts
over germination and growth of maize and soy plants.
Materials and Methods. Preparing extracts from dried rhizomes were doing so: the roots
were washed, dried (for 14 days at a constant temperature of 26.6 °C) and chopped. For the
fresh rhizome, leaves and seed extracts was made harvesting and shredding. Each extract was
composed of 4 g of dried or fresh material that added water and ethyl alcohol concentration
98%. Corn and soybean seeds were put on a layer of filter paper to a Petri dish (10 seeds/
Petri dish) and covered with sandy sterilized, each variant has been wetted with 200 ml of
extract. The dishes were made in the laboratory to 12 hours light and 27± 2°C for 12 days. In
the first three days the vessels were placed in bags.
Results. As a result of the performed study it was observed that the species Sorghum
halepense has strong potential to compete against the growing plant, having the ability to
influence the initial growth and production of culture, all the extracts of Johnson grass used in
experience showed inhibitory effect (allelopathic). The results showed that the length of the
shoots, germination and dry matter of plants of soybeans and corn have been significantly
affected by the type of extract and its concentration.
Conclusion. The largest quantity of allelopathic substances is found in the rhizome, because
they determined the lowest percentage germination of seed of soybean and corn and getting a
very significant dry weight compared to the control variant.
131
THE PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF THE MAIZE INBREED LINES
FROM ARDS TURDA AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF NEW
SOURCES FOR MAIZE HYBRIDS BREEDING
Roxana SUT GHERMAN1, Voichita HAS2, Andrei VARGA2, Ana COPÂNDEAN2,
Ioan HAS1,2*
1
2
Keywords: inbreed lines, kernels, ear, variability.
Introduction. The inbreed lines collection from the Agriculture Reseach and Development
Station Turda include inbreed lines created on the station, but also lines with a different
origin.
Aims. The aim of this paper is the study of the phenotypic variability between the inbreed
lines regarding the plant height, the ear height, the number of leaves/plant, the number of
branches/tassel, reaction to cms, ear lenght, number of rows, number of kernels/row, kernels
type, kernels color, cob color and the chemical composition of the grains. Using the
phenotypic characterisation there are identified new sources for some favorable characters
that can be used for the breeding of competitive hybrids.
Materials and Methods. On this study there were analyzed over 500 dent and flint inbreed
lines from ARDS Turda, but also the saccharata inbreed lines. The inbreed lines were studied
on the field regarding the plant height, the ear height, number of leaves/plant and the number
of branches/tassel. On the laboratory there were studied the characters regarding the ear and
kernels. Using all the data obtained there are choosen some inbreed lines that are used for the
maize hybrids breeding programs.
Results. Most inbreed lines belong to the dent variety and most lines have a short or medium
long ear. It was also noticed a high proportion of lines with 14-18 kernel rows. There is a high
variability between the lines regarding the plant height, ear hight and the number of
kernels/row, and a very high variability for the number of branches/tassel.
Conclusion. The inbreed lines from ARDS Turda can be used as parents for the commercial
hybrids. The variability between the lines makes them more valuable, due to the fact that
there are a lot of sources for creating hybrids.
References
1. Has V., Căbulea I., Has I, Grecu C., Copândean A. (1999). Progresul genetic realizat în
crearea liniilor consangvinizate de porumb la S.C.A. Turda. Contrib. cercet. științ. dezv.
agr., VI: 99-114.
132
AGROBIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE
OF GALEGA ORIENTALIS LAM. AND ASTRAGALUS GALEGIFORMIS
L. SPECIES IN MOLDOVA
Alexandru TELEUŢĂ1*, Victor ŢÎŢEI1, Sergiu COŞMAN2
1
Botanical Garden (Institute) of Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Republic of Moldova
2
SP Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,
Republic of Moldova
*Corresponding autor, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Galega orientalis, Astragalus galegiformis,biological peculiarities, productivity,
chemical composition, nutritional value.
Introduction. Galega orientalis Lam. and Astragalus galegiformis L. is a perennial
herbaceous plant native of Caucasus forested slopes and river valleys belonging to the family
of Fabaceae.
Aims. The objective of this research was to evaluate agro biological peculiarities and
nutritional value of G. orientalis and A. galegiformis species in Moldova’ conditions.
Materials and Methods. The species Galega orientalis, cv. Speranţa and Astragalus
galegiformis which were cultivated in the collection of non-traditional forage plants of the
Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, served as object of study. Traditional leguminous
fodder crop Medicago sativa L. served as a control variant. Investigations on growth and
development, productivity and the nutritional value of fodder plants according to known
methods were performed.
Results. As a result of the performed researches, it has been established that, in order to
germinate abundantly, the seeds of the studied species need to be scarified. In the first year of
vegetation, these species, in comparison with M. sativa, have a slow growth and development,
reaching only the step of forming of the stem with leaves, reaches the flowering stage. In the
following years, the studied species has a more rapid growth and development, flowering
stage begins 12- 31 days earlier, in comparison with M. sativa, the plants reach a height of
149.5- 191.4 cm versus 83.2 cm at control. G. orientalis and A. galegiformis have a higher
seed productivity (0.6 t/ha), rate of accumulation of the aerial phytomass, yield of natural
fodder - 60-64 t/ha or 16-20 t/ha dry matter.
The biochemical composition of the dry matter G. orientalis: protein 17.80%, fats 3.55%,
cellulose 30.50 %, non-nitrogenous extractive substances 39.47% and mineral substances
8.69%; A. galegiformis: protein 17.64%, fats 3.69%, cellulose 23.21 %, non-nitrogenous
extractive substances 48.47% and mineral substances 7.00%.
Conclusion. Due to productivity, ability to grow for a long time (15-20 yrs) in the same place
and fast re-growth in spring and high resistance to the pests the species G. orientalis and
A. galegiformis are very promising fodder crops in Moldova and in other countries with
similar geoclimatic conditions.
133
INTRODUCTION AND AGROECONOMICAL VALUE OF SIDA
HERMAPHRODITA (L.) RUSBY IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Victor ŢÎŢEI*
Botanical Garden (Institute) of Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Republic of Moldova
*Corresponding autor, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Sida hermaphrodita, variety Energo, productivity, nutritional value, calorific value.
Introduction. Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby fam. Malvaceae (Virginia mallow,
Pennsylvanian malva) is a polycarpic perennial herb native in North America, has the form of
a dense roots bush with a few dozen of stems with the length of 400cm and diameter of 5 to
35 mm. The plant is reproduced by means of root cuttings, stem cuttings or seeds.
Aims. The objective of this research was to evaluate productivity, fodder and calorific value
of new species Sida hermaphrodita in Moldova’ s conditions.
Materials and Methods. The species Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby, variety Energo,
registered in the Catalogue of plant varieties of the Republic of Moldova, which were
cultivated in the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, served as object of study.
Investigations on growth and development, productivity and the nutritional value of fodder
plants according to known methods were performed. The calorific value was determined
according to European Standards by atomic bomb calorimeter LAGET MS – 10A.
Results. As a result of mobilization, research and ameliorative activities, in the Botanical
Garden (I) of the ASM, was created the Energo variety, in its first year of vegetation has a
slow growth and development, it reaches a height of 160 cm (flowering stage), but the second
year has a more rapid growth and development, it grows to 2.5 – 3.2 meters, grows lots of
shoots which take away the growing space from the weed. In the following years, the species
grows 18 - 30 stems from one stool which stems will die back during winter, has a very high
rate of accumulation of the biomass. The fresh mass, first cut, reach 45.8-58.4 t/ha in June, the
leaves constituting 31.9 - 37.9 %; the dry matter - 22.0 - 27.9%; the protein -16.0 - 18.1% abs.
dry matter. The annual productivity of fresh mass constitutes 85.4 - 96.1 t/ha. The fresh mass
is used for the preparation of silage and vitaminous flour; for production of renewable energy
– biogas. Dry stems can be harvested in winter with technical means of collection feed and
used to produce briquettes and pellets, gross calorific value of about 18.7 MJ/kg of absolutely
dry mass or about 335 - 400GJ/ha.
Conclusion. The species Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby, variety Energo, represents a
valuable crop in Moldova’s conditions.
134
RESEARCH ON QUANTIFICATION LOSSES DUE TO
GERMINATION IN POTATO FOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING
Florin UGRUȚAN, Gavrila MORAR*, Cristina MOLDOVAN
Keywords: potato, exploitation, storage, seed, European integration
Introduction. In the context of European integration, exploitation agricultural products is part
of the priority activities. Processing of potato industrialization in the form of the finished
product is a superior form of use that provides economic and financial advantages.
Aims. The aim of this study is to identify the main factors affecting the looses during storage,
recorded in potatoes destined to industrial processing.
Materials and Methods. In the experiments that were conducted, study the biological
material was represented by 5 varieties of potato, respectively: Ostara, Sante Roclas, Desire
and Romano. During the months December-May have a caused losses in the mass of the
potato varieties taken in study 5 through germination using successive weighing, every two
weeks, eliminating losses through breathing, sweating. The researches were carried out on
tubes of the same size and biological category during 2010-2011.
Results. The calculations were performed by the method of analysis of variance and T-test
using interpretations and multiple comparisons test (test Duncan). Part of the loss in weight of
potato during storage is due to sprouting. In the period December -More such losses are
variable depending on storage temperature, relative air humidity and time period.
Conclusion. There were differences between the varieties considered in this study, three
ranges of determination and during storage.
135
THE GENETIC PROGRESS ACCOMPLISHED IN THE CREATION OF
THE MAIZE HYBRIDS FROM A.R.D.S. TURDA
Andrei VARGA², Voichiţa HAŞ², Roxana ŞUT-GHERMAN², Ana COPÂNDEAN²,
Ioan HAŞ1,2*
1
2
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: maize hybrid, genetic progress, production
Introduction. The maize (Zea mays) is one of the most amazing, natural devices for storing
the energy. From one seed that weighs roughly 0.3 grams in two months can rise and grow a
2-3 meters high plant, which then will produce a number of 600-1000 seeds similar to the
sown one (Cristea, 2004). The maize is considered increasingly to be used as an energy
source mainly on two ways: metabolic energy for animal feed and source for ethanol as the
fuel of the future. The use of ethanol has begun to be studied and applied for the first time in
1970.
Aims. The main aim of the paper is the study of some maize hybrids from ARDS Turda,
created from 1985 to 2012, regarding the genetic progress accomplished by cultivating on
large areas the hybrids that were improved for production and other important agronomic
traits. The check of the efficacy of hybridization formulas on the basis of simple hybrids
performance is a method that contributed to the achievement of double and trilinear hybrids
remarked for the production potential and stability. Achieving the maximum yield potential
for the simple, the possibility of achieving maximum levels of heterosis between the ”flint”
and ”dent” type or between local and foreign germoplasm, all for creating very valuable
maize hybrids.
Materials and Methods. There have been studied 12 hybrids registered at A.R.D.S. Turda,
from three groups of vegetation period: very early, early and mid early hybrids. The hybrids
were studied to A.R.D.S. Turda in three experiments: PG 1, PG 2, PG 3 in the years 2011 and
2012.
Results. The average production achieved for the eight hybrids compared to Turda 200 has
significantly exceeded the one realized by the check. The largest production increase on same
period has been realized by Turda Favorit (+ 1332 kg/ha) and Turda Star (+ 1255 kg/ha).
Conclusion. The climatic conditions of the West Transylvanian Plain (Turda - Câmpia
Turzii) are favourable for early and mid early maize hybrids crops.
References
1. Cristea M. (2004). Importanţa economică, răspândirea geografică, producţia şi comerţul
cu porumb. în Porumbul – Studiu Monografic vol. I. Editura Academiei Române.
136
RESEARCH ON THE GROWTH OF OFFSPRINGS AND FRUIT,
UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF WATER IN IRRIGATED
BLUEBERRY CROPS
Nineta Simona VARGA1, Emil LUCA1*, Timea GABOR2, Marilena ROZENBERG3
1
Faculty of Horticulture University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Key words: Vaccinium corymbosum, irrigation, fertilization.
Introduction. The cranberry with high bush (Vaccinium corymbosum) is part of the Ericacee
family, genus vaccinium, and comes from North America. High bush cranberry cultivation in
Europe began in 1925 in the Netherlands and Germany, then spread to many other countries
across the continent, including in our country. The first crop of blueberries in Romania, was
established in 1968 at Bîlcesti, Campulung-Muscel, where research has been done for 30
years, so it proved that high bush blueberries can be grown successfully in the climatic
conditions of our country.
Aims. The purpose of the research is to improve some aspects of crops technology and water
consumption for the blueberry field crop, to pursue the economic efficiency under irrigation
conditions, differentiated and comparatively, on the affine varieties studied.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in the experimental field located at the
Morariu farm in the locality of Ulmeni, Maramures county, a farm founded in 2011, on a soil
with a moderate acid reaction, with pH of 5.5; with a high percentage of clay and only a few
organic matter, a poorly productive soil, so that at the establishment of the culture amendment
was made with river gravel, in order to correct the texture and with acidic peat (5l/plant) for the
intake of organic matter. The experimental field consists of 8 randomized blocks into 3
repetitions, each of the 24 plots having 10 shrubs, planted on ridges at a distance of 1m and 3m
between rows. The irrigation is done with a drip irrigation system and the dosing of the watersoluble fertilizer is performed using a Dozatron dispenser type. Observations were determined
regarding the growth of 1 year old offsprings, two or three year old blueberry bushes and also
the increases in the size and weight of the planted blueberries. The increases of the offsprings
were measured by linear fabric meter, for 12 shrubs of every kind, the size of the berries were
measured with calipers and the weight measurement was performed individually on 80
fruit/repetition, using the ’’Precisa’’XT 220 A, ISO 9001 analytical balance.
Results. From the measurements done it is observed that there is an average increase of
Hannah’s type offsprings during the vegetation season between 0.33cm – 1 cm for 3 year old
offsprings, of 0.56 – 1 cm for 2 year old offsprings and of 1.3 - 2.16 cm for 1 year old
offsprings. For the Eliot variety, the average growth of 3 year old offsprings is between 0.25
cm – 1.16 cm, the 2 year old offspring from 0.56 – 1 cm, and one year old ones between 0.83
cm - 1.96 cm. Hannah's berries have an average diameter between 10.73 cm – 12.76 cm. an
average thickness between 8.88 cm – 10.53cm and average weight between 0.728 g-1, 089g.
Conclusion. Observations show that there is a faster increase in the offsprings of the
Hannah's variety in comparison with the Eliot variety and in both cases there is a larger
increase of the 1 year old offsprings than in two and three year old ones, and also the size and
weight of the berries from the Hannah's variety varies depending on the gradation of factors
involved in the experiment.
137
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION
IN FESTUCA RUBRA AT THE END OF THE VEGETATION PERIOD
Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN*, Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR
Keywords: Mycorrhiza, fertilization, fungicide, zinc sulphate, climate
Introduction. Mycorrhizal fungi constitutes a critical component of effective agricultural
ecosystems, and through involvement in the absorption and transfer, they have the ability to
adjust the permanent and cyclical movement of nutrients in the entire ecosystem. Mycorrhizas
have the ability to decrease inputs introduced into ecosystems, while increasing obtained
yields, but allocation of ecosystem nutrient resources only symbiotic plants may cause, in
time, the destabilization of plant communities.
Aims. Objectives of the study were to create a hierarchy of climatic factors (temperature and
rainfall) and technological (fertilization + treatment) depending on the power to influence the
mycorrhizal development.
Materials and Methods. Analysis of colonization parameters variation is conducted using
data collected from a field experiment, during the years 2010 and 2011, over which were
applied mineral and organic fertilizers under treatment with fungicides and zinc sulphate. To
assess the level of colonization were collected and observed roots of Festuca rubra, the
dominant species in the canopy at the end of vegetation period.
Results. Exploration of experimental data using cluster analysis revealed a good segmentation
of variants fertilized and treated, based on the values of frequency and intensity of
colonization in the root system of Festuca rubra plants. Cluster A brings together
experimental variants with the highest colonization frequency value, while all experimental
variants with frequencies below 70% are located in cluster B. Overlapping fluctuation of root
colonization intensity over strong separation of experimental variants in the two clusters
imposed a new division of the dendrogram, resulting a series of clusters having a much higher
degree of homogeneity. Temperature and rainfall had a significant influence within the study
period on the level of root colonization. Treatment with fungicide and zinc sulphate acted
individually with a less pronounced effect, but more restrictive, the separation between
clusters being made on the axis of treatments.
Conclusion. Ecological factors determine the division of experimental variants in clusters
defined by the ranges of colonization parameters, and by overlapping balanced fertilization
completed with treatments over climate, the percentage of colonization frequency rises to
maximum, individual expression of technological factors being optimal.
138
RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMUM SHAPE AND SIZE OF POTATO
RIDGES – PARTIAL RESULTS FROM TRIAL YEAR 2013
Iván Zoltán VITOS1*, Gavrilă MORAR1, Luiza MIKE2, Cristina MOLDOVAN1
1
2
Potato Research and Development Station Tg. Secuiesc, Romania.
* Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: density, potato, ridge, size, shape.
Introduction. Growing potatoes in ridges has emerged in order to increase production, to
ensure drainage of excess water in wet periods and a better control over root-weeds, to
prevent greening from exposure to the sun, to reduce potato bruising caused by machinery
and to optimize soil disturbance during harvesting. In-row spacing and planting depth are
largely influenced by the shape and the height of ridges. The yield is directly proportional to
the number of tubers developed in planting beds, which in turn is determined by the number
of main stems grown out of the mother seed tuber and the number of stolons and tubers
formed on a main stem. The varieties that are grown in our country require seedbeds of
different sizes therefore it is necessary to investigate the interrelation between the shape and
size of the ridge and of the seedbed taking into account the characteristics of different
varieties.
Aims. For studying the suitable ridge shapes and sizes we proposed the following objectives:
the study of shape: - the optimal shape (triangular, trapezoidal, double-trapezoidal) which
ensures thorough coverage of seedbeds and highest yield; the study of size: - the optimal ridge
height achieved by the usage of different machinery to ensure the highest yield; correlation
between the dimensions of the seedbed and the shape and size of the ridge (fewer and larger
tubers and many smaller ones); the study of planting density depending on the shape and size
of the ridges, within the range of 40.000, 60.000 to 80.000 plants / ha.
Materials and Methods. The experiments were located on fields belonging to the Potato
Research and Development Station Tg. Secuiesc, Covasna County. The different shaped and
sized ridges were executed by rotary ridgers and cultivators. Planting and harvesting were
done manually on 20.04.2013 and 16.09.2013, using Gared and Bellarosa varieties.
Results. There are presented the influences of ridge shape, size and planting density on two
varieties of potatoes planted in ridges in a single row and a double row on potato tuber yield,
on the number of tubers under the hill, and on the average weight of a tuber.
Conclusion. The trial year was not affected by unfavorable weather conditions, although
differences between the trials can be relevant. Results are different from the first year (2012),
when the experiments were significant affected by low level of precipitation.
139
THE EFFECT OF GRAZING ON THE PRODUCTION OF
GRASSLANDS IN HILLY AREAS
Zorica VOŞGAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN2, Lucia MIHALESCU1, Oana MARE ROŞCA1,
Monica MARIAN1 Anca DUMUŢA1
1
Department of Biology, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare,
Baia Mare Romania
2
*
Keywords: grazing, pastoral value, meadow production
Introduction. The fodder production and the exploitation of pastures by grazing is an
important activity in the livestock economy of the hilly regions of the Maramures County.
Thus, the surfaces of the areas of the Surdesti village are alternatively used both by grazing
and mowing, depending on the feed requirements of the sheep and goat farms.
Aims. The production monitoring, following this mixed use by mowing and grazing, is
performed in order to observe the efficiency of this type of grazing. Sustainable use of
grasslands will be possible by practicing an organized grazing.
Materials and Methods. Using the repeated mowing method, the production of the pasture,
as well as the elements required for organizing the grazing, was determined (Rotar et al.,
2009), when using inexpensive, traditional methods (târlitul) to improve production.
Results. In the hilly areas near the settlements, grasslands are grazed during spring and
autumn, as during summertime; when the transhumance of livestock towards the mountain
areas takes place the pastures are mowed for obtaining the feeding hay required in the winter.
The global production is 13.10 (t/ha) on the surveyed pasture, resulting the coefficient of
utilization of grass K = 87.6%. The pastoral mean value of the meadow is 1.9, and it is
sustaining a load of 0.81 to 1.00 LU/ha, equivalent to 5.7 to 7.1 sheep/ha.
Conclusion. The analyzed lawn is of medium category, which requires proper maintenance to
increase its economic value. Thus, the irrational use of grasslands, their overloading, lack of
basic maintenance works will lead to long-term unfavourable effects.
References
1. Rotar, I., Vidican Roxana, Sima N. (2009). Cultura pajiştilor şi a plantelor furajere,
Lucrări practice, Editura Risoprint, Cluj Napoca.
140
EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE SALINITY ON SEEDLING
EMERGENCE IN CONFECTIONARY PUMPKIN
Duran YAVUZ, Iknur YAYLALI, Sinan SUHERI, and Nurcan YAVUZ*
Department of Farm Structure and Irrigation. University of Selcuk, Turkey.
*
Keywords: Cucurbita pepo, germination, saline water.
Introduction. Confectionary pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds are one of the important
snacks preferred by consumers in Turkey due to higher nutrient contents. Konya where the
experiment conducted located in one of the main production area Middle Anatolia. The
Konya basin where the experiment conducted has a semi arid climate. Although some crops
are moderately tolerant of saline conditions many crops are adversely affected by even levels
of salt (Greenway and Munns, 1980). Seedlings are the most vulnerable stage in the life cycle
of plants and germination determines when and where seedling growth begins (Lianes A. Et
all, 2005).
Aims. This study was conducted to investigate seedling emergence in confectionary pumpkin
in response to a range of irrigation water amount and salinity treatments.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were conducted in April 2013 in a greenhouse at
Selcuk University Agricultural Faculty in Konya, Turkey with confectionary pumpkin variety.
Several plastic pots were filled with clay loam soil taken from a field which previously
carried a wheat crop. 50 confectionary pumpkin seeds were sown in each pot. Pots were
irrigated with tap water (0.3 dSm-1) or (3.0, 6.0, 9.0 or 12.0 dSm-1). Full irrigation was applied
to control treatment. Except control treatments, irrigation water was applied at the rates of
75% and 50% of full irrigation treatment depending on treatment. Crop germination was
recorded daily till all the seeds were germinated and emerged from the soil surface.
Results. Crop germination was significantly affected by irrigation water salinity. Highest
germination rates was obtained from the treatments that has applied higher irrigation water
and lower salinity. The amount of irrigation water had a significant impact on seedling
emergence.. Seedling emergence was significantly influenced by salinity, irrigation water
amount and interactions. It has been found that salinity effects germination time. Early
germination has occurred on the lower salinity treatments.
Conclusion. Saline irrigation water, containing appreciable amounts of soluble salts, is
conducive to increased agricultural production. The results of this study indicate that crop
germination were affected significantly with irrigation water salinity.
References
1. Hussain G., Al-Jaloud A.A., Al-Shammary, S.A., Karimulla, S. And Al-Aswad S.O.
(1997). Effect of saline irrigation on germination on growth parameters of barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) in pot experiment. Agriculture Water Management 34: 125-135
2. Esechie, H.A., Al-Saidi, A and Al-Khanjari S. (2002) Effect of Sodium Chloride Salinity
on Seedling Emergence in Chickpea. Journal of Argronomy & Crop science 188, 155-160
Lianes, A., Reinoso, H., Luna, V., 2005, Germination and Early Growth of Prosopis
strombulifera Seedlings in Different Saline Solutions. World J. Agric Sci., 1(2): 120-128.
141
Section 2: Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
EFFECTS OF A PRESCRIBED FIRE ON UNDERSTORY
VEGETATION IN A CANARIAN PINE FOREST STAND
(GRAN CANARIA)
José Ramón ARÉVALO1*, Silvia FERNÁNDEZ - LUGO1, Virginia AFONSO1,
Federico GRILLO2, Agustín NARANJO3
1
Department of Ecology, University of la Laguna, Laguna, Spain.
Unit of Teleformación, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Spain.
3
Department of Geography, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
*
2
Keywords: fuel - load management, fire, pine forest, reforestation, vegetation dynamics.
Introduction. Historically, fire has played a dominant role in shaping many forest plant
communities. Mediterranean-type vegetation is one of the world’s major fire-prone biomes,
with conifer forests among the most flammable ecosystems in the Mediterranean region.
Prescribed fires are a powerful tool for reducing fire hazards by decreasing amounts of fuel.
Aims. The main objective of this work is to analyse the effects of prescribed burning on the
understory vegetation composition and species richness in a reforested stand of Pinus
canariensis.
Materials and Methods. Eight 900 m2 plots were settled in areas were prescribed burning
had been applied in the last 5 years; their respective control plots were established in nearby
unburnt areas of similar environmental conditions. In each plot, we systematically selected 10
points in which sampling the presence of species in 1m 2 quadrats and analysed for species
richness and species composition.
Results. No significant changes in the number of species richness were found medium term
after prescribed burning. Also, when we analysed species composition, no discrimination
among the control and burnt plots was detected. From an ecological point of view, prescribed
fire is a good practice to reduce biomass accumulation in P. canariensis reforested stands,
resulting in low effects in species composition and richness.
Conclusion. However, it would be necessary long-term studies to evaluate the effects of fire
intensity, season and frequency in which the prescribed burning is applied, as well as a
positive effect on the naturalization of these artificial stands.
142
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE CHOICE OF BUILDING
MATERIALS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Claudiu ACIU*, Daniela Lucia MANEA
Department of Civil Engineering and Management, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
1
*
Keywords: sustainable development, environment, building materials, pollution.
Introduction. Designers and builders become increasingly aware of the wide range of
problems that affect the environment, but they are confronted with a confusing number of
possible actions and solutions in the choice of the optimal material, given the impact of
materials during their life cycle. The production of building materials and components, the
construction, exploitation and demolition of buildings contribute to the generation of
environmental effects such as: water, air and soil pollution, environmental degradation, etc.
In this context, an important stage in the study of ecological materials is impact analysis.
Aims. The aim of the study is to define and synthesize environmental impact categories, as
well as the factors that cause the appearance of impacts, and to quantify them for the choice of
optimal building materials.
Materials and Methods. The materials used in the study are bibliographic materials
regarding the environmental impact of building materials, published over the past years.
The methods used consist of the search and discovery of bibliographic sources, of the analysis
and synthesis of information, as well as its assessment in order to develop a practical method
for the choice of the optimal building material.
Results. The study performed allowed to synthesize the following impact categories taking
into consideration the impact factors that occur during the life cycle of materials: natural
resources, human health and risk, pollution due to emissions and waste, comfort and others.
The impact factors were analyzed from the point of view of the impact level (geographical
extension) and the possible magnitude of their value. An important problem is finding impact
indices that describe the factors affecting the environment, whose value might be quantified.
For this, the study was extended to the methods for the evaluation and analysis of the
environmental effects of impact factors.
Conclusion. In this study, we performed a synthesis of the impact categories of building
materials during their life cycle, the determination of impact indices and the quantification of
their value in order to carry out a multicriteria analysis for the choice of the optimal material
from a group of materials for the same use.
143
TESTING INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUE, BASED ON MICROWAVE
IRRADIATION, FOR STIMULATING COMMON BEAN
GERMINATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Cladia BALINT1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Emanoil SURDUCAN2
1
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,
Cluj – Napoca, România
2
National Institute of Research and Development for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies,
Keywords: biometric approach, dry matter, parameter, Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Introduction. In the last decades a new goal for agriculture is to develop environmentally
friendly innovative technologies. One of the interest solutions, in perspective, is the treatment
of plants with low power microwave irradiation in order to obtain a higher and healthier
production. This approach could also contribute to mitigation of harmful effects produced by
excessive use of chemical products in treatment of seeds and also field culture
phytoprotection.
Aims. Investigating effects of microwave irradiation, on the germination of common bean
(Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Ardeleana) seeds, and on the growth and development of bean
plantules, in specific experimental conditions.
Materials and Methods. The trial was developed within Laboratories of the Advanced
Research Centre for Environmental Protection and Assessment of Life Quality from USAMV
Cluj-Napoca. Three growing experiments of 10 days each (with 50 individuals each) took
place till the seeds have grown up to 15 cm height, in conditions of microwave irradiated and
no irradiated conditions. The studied parameters were: number of germinated seeds,
germination capacity, length of stems and roots, seedling vigour index, plantules dry matter.
Data were statistically processed with STATISTICA v 6.0 Office.
Results. All studied parameters by biometric approach (number of germinated seeds, length
of stems and roots), and also study of germination capacity seedling vigour index, and dry
matter content exhibit much higher performances in conditions of using microwave
irradiation.
Conclusion. The use of low power microwave irradiation in germination of common bean in
laboratory conditions may be taken into consideration for large scale cultivation. Further
research is needed in order to establish appropriate practices for the success of this innovative
technique.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
144
COMOROVA FOREST: A DRIVER FOR A UNIQUE COASTAL
MICROCLIMATE. BETWEEN THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Vladimir Ionuţ BOC1
Department of Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Ornamental Horticulture,
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords: Black Sea, Comorova Forest, environmental planning, landscape assessment,
microclimate
Introduction. The paper presents an analysis and planning project is focused on the complex
ecological and social role of Comorova Forest for the adjacent touristic resorts: Jupiter,
Neptun and Olimp. These are the only Romanian seaside resorts which benefits from a unique
microclimate, being located between the forest and two paramarine lakes.
Aims. Identifying the current threats and opportunities within the relationship between urban
development tendencies and green infrastructure issues in order to elaborate a green
infrastructure strategy based on a sustainable development.
Materials and Methods. The research is based on a landscape assessment of Comorova
Forest and the neighboring resorts, based on several criteria: green areas types and structure,
biodiversity, ecosystems and microclimate, vegetation, land use. The synthesis phase aimed to
elaborate two different scenarios regarding the future evolution of the area. Based on these
scenarios, an integrated development strategy has been proposed.
Results. A high risk for degradation of natural areas generated by urban regulations failure
has been revealed. The main diagnosis also concludes that recent uncontrolled building
developments generated a continuous disintegration process disturbing the ecological,
functional and aesthetic balance that once characterized the green-blue resorts. Beside these,
the forest is neglected both by tourists and by local authorities.
The proposed strategy is focused on the enhancement and reintegration of Comorova Forest
within the chain of resorts. The vision proposes a sustainable tourism development, an ecofriendly built infrastructure and an increase of social attractiveness in the forest area. It
comprises policies and programs focused mostly on environmental issues and on urban
development problems.
Conclusion. The study contributes to the improvement of knowledge in the field of landscape
analysis and planning regarding ecosystem services and benefits provided by coastal forests.
The research emphasizes the importance of ecological awareness, highlighting the role of
landscape planning in conservation and development of green infrastructures.
145
STUDY UPON ALLIUM SATIVUM L. ACTION AGAINST
PHYTOPHTORA INFESTANS MONT. DE BARY ATTACK IN POTATO
Daniela BORDEA, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN,
Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Adrian MILĂŞAN
Keywords: attack degree, garlic, late blight
Introduction. The use of unconventional treatments consisting of plant aqueous and/or
alcoholic extracts against vegetable pathogens is a traditional practice in specific area. One of
the most important anti-bactericide and anti-fungicide plants used in such aims is garlic
(Allium sativum L.). Because in our country, this approach is not enough studied, testing
garlic and selenium enriched garlic efficacy against fungal disease in potato we consider of
importance.
Aims. Testing the efficacy of different garlic (Allium sativum L.) aqueous concentrations,
enriched in selenium and not selenium supplemented, in fight against one of the most
important potato cultures pathogens, Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary, respectively.
Materials and Methods. The experimental design with five experimental variants (V1 – V5
with V1 – untreated control) was implemented in Transylvanian Plain. The trial was
developed during May – September 2013. The experimental variants consisted in
administration of garlic and selenium enriched garlic in two Roclas potato variety. The
Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree (AD%) was recorded for all 5
experimental variants, and data were processed using STATISTICA v. 7.0 programme.
Results. Analysing the results obtained as consequence of the development of the above
mentioned trial, allow us to emphasize a hierarchy of the treatments efficacy, function of the
value of Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree. The biggest efficacy was
obtained at administration of 11% selenium enriched garlic aqueous solution, with the
smallest Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree, respectively, and the lowest
efficacy for administration of 22% % selenium enriched garlic aqueous solution, with the
biggest pathogen attack degree.
Conclusion. The experiments implemented in potato culture demonstrates the efficacy of
unconventional treatments based on selenium enriched garlic, which represents an important
step forward for implementation in practice, in our country, at large scale this kind of
ecological solutions to fighting against pathogens of economic important cultures, as potato.
146
THE EFFECTS OF CONVENTIONAL AND NON CONVENTIONAL
FERTILIZERS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF PYRUS
COMMUNIS ROOTSTOCK
Bianca Maria BORDEANU, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Petru BURDUHOS
Keywords: fly ash, input, magnetic fertilizer, pear tree
Introduction. Pear is one of the most widespread fruit trees in the agricultural farms of our
country and its fruit are very preferred in the domestic markets. Unfortunately pear rootstock
do not have very favourable pedological and climatic conditions for a suitable development
although Pyrus communis rootstock species provide some advantages in environmental stress
situations (cold winter, drought, calcareous coil, tolerance to flooding or high water inputs).
Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different types of fertilizers
(NPK, magnetic fertilizer and fly ash on the development of pear seedlings).
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in an experimental field, placed Vâlcele,
Cluj - Napoca, on a surface of 764 m2. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3
replications and 9 variants with a plot size of 20 m2 for variant in each replication was used.
10 saplings randomly chosen, from each fertilized variant, were analysed. For each pear
seedling the height, diameter, number of leafs, number of branches were measured, and the
general quality aspect was scored by observational technique. Biometric data were
statistically processed with STATISTICA v. 7.0 Office.
Results. The results of our experiment, expressed in quantifying the developmental traits of
pear seedling rootstock (height, diameter, and number of branches, and leafs) function of
fertilization demonstrates the importance of fertilization and also the strong multiple
correlation between developmental traits in condition of fertilization in both fertilized and
unfertilized plots.
Conclusion: The comparative approach of unconventional and conventional maintaining
inputs in Pyrus communis seedlings resulted in demonstrating the importance of using new
fertilizing sources for supplying the appropriate development in this specie.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
147
INNOVATIVE PHYTOSANITARY ECOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS IN
POTATO CULTURES AND ECO-CONDITIONALYTY EXIGENCIES IN
ROMANIA
Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian MĂLINAŞ
Keywords: attack degree, garlic, late blight
Introduction. The use of unconventional treatments consisting of plant aqueous and/or
alcoholic extracts against vegetable pathogens is a traditional practice in specific area. One of
the most important anti-bactericide and anti-fungicide plants used in such aims is garlic
(Allium sativum L.). Because in our country, this approach is not enough studied, testing
garlic and selenium enriched garlic efficacy against fungal disease in potato we consider of
importance.
Aims. Testing the efficacy of different garlic (Allium sativum L.) aqueous concentrations,
enriched in selenium and not selenium supplemented, in fight against one of the most
important potato cultures pathogens, Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary, respectively.
Materials and Methods. The experimental design with five experimental variants (V1 – V5
with V1 – untreated control) was implemented in Transylvanian Plain. The trial was
developed during May – September 2013. The experimental variants consisted in
administration of garlic and selenium enriched garlic in two Roclas potato variety. The
Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree (AD%) was recorded for all 5
experimental variants, and data were processed using STATISTICA v. 7.0 programme.
Results. Analysing the results obtained as consequence of the development of the above
mentioned trial, allow us to emphasize a hierarchy of the treatments efficacy, function of the
value of Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree. The biggest efficacy was
obtained at administration of 11% selenium enriched garlic aqueous solution, with the
smallest Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree, respectively, and the lowest
efficacy for administration of 22% % selenium enriched garlic aqueous solution, with the
biggest pathogen attack degree.
Conclusion. The experiments implemented in potato culture demonstrates the efficacy of
unconventional treatments based on selenium enriched garlic, which represents an important
step forward for implementation in practice, in our country, at large scale this kind of
ecological solutions to fighting against pathogens of economic important cultures, as potato.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
148
STUDY OF THE DRYING PHENOMENON IN PINE TREES
Petru BURDUHOS1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Ilie COVRIG2, Constantin ŞULEA1
1
2
Faculty of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,
Keywords: best practices, climatic changes, research
Introduction. The history of the pine forests in our country has not only a decorative action,
but also important consequences on soil stability and air quality n large areas. As all other
forest tree species pine is sensitive to climatic changes, of which appearance is more and more
claimed all over the world. One of the most harmful effects of this reality may be represented,
as direct consequence, by pine trees drying.
Aims. Nominating the main causes responsible for degradation of pine forests as direct
consequence of drying phenomena, and identification of possible implications of temperature
increase in concerned area, as consequence of climatic changes.
Materials and Methods. A two years trial was implemented in Mureş County, during 2012 –
2013, in a pine forest. Data concerning pine drying phenomena frequency and intensity were
weekly collected. Meteorological conditions were obtained from regional stations. Averages
and dispersion parameters of pine loses due to drying phenomena were calculated. The raw
data were processed with STATISTICA v. 7.0 Office.
Results. The study developed during 2012 and 2013 allowed us to identify the main drying
causes in pine trees. About 40% are the consequence of pest and pathogens intensified attack
degrees, that are strongly correlated with temperature increase as correlations between these
agents and climatic conditions emphasize (they are stronger in 2012, a dry and warm year),
compared to 2013 that was a less warm and dry year. We also identified particularities in
manifesting resistance against the complex phenomenon determining drying advantaging
conditions function of soil and light regimen in concerned area.
Conclusion. The importance of identification of complex factors affecting the drying in pine
forests is reflected by the extension of this phenomenon. Further research is needed in order to
identify the best practices for diminishes the harmful consequences of drying rhythm in pine
tree forests.
149
THE HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF VINEYARD SOILS
Gilda - Diana BUZATU*
1
Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering. University of Craiova, Romania.
*
Keywords: heavy metals, pollution, soils, vineyard.
Introduction. Heavy metals are microelements needed by plants; however, those
microelements can become toxic when they exist above certain limits (Alloway, 1990).
Depending on the type of facilities, industrial wastes may contain Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, B, Pb, Cd,
Ni, Cr, and Co, which may cause contamination when accumulated in the soil. Fertilizers,
pesticides, and hormones used in agricultural applications are the other sources of
contaminants for soils (Forstner et al., 1991; Jaraush-Wehrheim et al., 2001; Elmaci et al.,
2002). Thus, a complex movement of elements in the environment needs to be monitored
continuously. Also, the uptake of heavy metals by plants depends on factors such as plant
variety, species, plant part, age of organ or plant, growth period, stability to heavy metals, and
transfer factor of heavy metals (Fergusson, 1990; Secer et al., 2002).
Aims. The objective of the present research is to evaluate the heavy metal content of vineyard
soils (Mn, Zn, Cr and Cu) in two private vineyards locate near Craiova, namely Breasta and
Şimnic.
Materials and Methods. There were collected three soil samples in 15 repetitions on two
depths (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) in April and May 2014. For samples analyses was used the
following equipment: mass spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma, flame atomic
absorption spectrometer-Avanta, Milestone microwave digestion system.
Results. Copper concentrations are significantly higher in all soil samples from Şimnic
vineyard. Copper concentration is higher at the depth of 0-20 cm in Şimnic vineyard, the
highest copper concentrations were determined on the second depth of 20-40 cm at Breasta.
While in Breasta vineyard, the maximum Zn concentration was 56.2 mg/kg; in Şimnic
vineyard higher values were determined for all the samples, the maximum concentration of
Zn being 181.62 mg/kg for sample S3, in April. Mn content from Şimnic vineyard’ soils are
between 565.8 to 898.2 mg/kg. For Breasta vineyard, Mn levels are close to the medium Mn
content in soil, 600 mg/kg. Cr content in the soil of Şimnic vineyard presents values slightly
higher than those determined for Breasta vineyard, but in this case, the values measured are
below alert threshold of 100 mg/kg.
Conclusion. Analyzed vineyard soils can be classified as unpolluted or slightly polluted soils,
as most of the heavy metal concentrations are below the limits imposed by law, except the
contents of Cu in soils is higher than the threshold of alert and intervention threshold
according to Order 756/1997. The differences between vineyard soils may reflect differences
in the application of the soil treatment and the physical and chemical characteristics of the
soils.
Acknowledgment.
„This
work
was
supported
by
the
strategic
grant
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/133255, Project ID 133255 (2014), co-financed by the European Social
Fund within the Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Development 2007 – 2013.
150
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE EFFICiENCY OF
INSULATION MATERIALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE
ENVIRONMENT
Horia CIUCLARU*, Daniela MANEA, Luminita MOLNAR
Department of Civil Engineering and Management. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: plastering mortar, thermal insulation, and volcanic tuff.
Introduction. Natural resources crisis and the emergence of various environmental issues and
in particular those related to energy saving led to concerns about sustainable development.
Aims. Insulating materials should be carefully analyzed according to the impact they have on
the environment throughout the life cycle of the building. Our goal is to find a prescription for
masonry mortar which replaces the aggregate in some proportion with volcanic tuff.
Materials and Methods. In the preparation of plaster mortars we used these materials and
components: Portland cement type I 42.5, the aggregate units having sizes of 0-5 mm,
hydrated lime, additives and volcanic tuff from Baita, Bihor (Romania). The investigations
were realised in the laboratory for building materials at the Faculty of Civil Engineering from
Cluj-Napoca and the investigation methods were: determination of physical and mechanical
properties of mortars, bulk density determination, consistency determination plaster mortar
mass scattering, compressive strength, and a thermal determination using a system made in
the Faculty of Civil Engineering from Cluj-Napoca.
Results. In the paper "Sustainable development and the efficiency of insulating materials and
their impact on the environment" we will present the insulating materials in terms of
sustainable development and we will examine the new mortar achieved with the use of
volcanic tuff in terms of reducing energy consumption and will also specify the thermal
advantage. After studies the following results were obtained: mortars made with volcanic tuff
have better thermal conductivity than ordinary plaster mortar, which makes them more
suitable for obtaining energy efficient buildings. In terms of strength it was observed that they
are within acceptable limits.
Conclusion. This paper proposes new recipes of good thermal insulating plaster mortars and
shows that there are opportunities to achieve new plastering mortars. Achieving these mortars
was made in the context of sustainable development by using the volcanic tuff to reduce the
consumption of raw materials and energy.
151
RESEARCH ON ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF DEGRADED
LANDS IN THE COUNTY OF GALATI
Maria CONTOMAN1*, Valentin HAHUIE2
1
Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
2
Forestry Department of Galati, Romania
*
Keywords: afforestation, degraded lands, ecological restoration,
Introduction. The main economic, social and environmental effects achieved from soil
degradation processes are: decreased agricultural and forestry production, removing the lands
from agricultural and forestry circuit, land abandonment by their owners, populating rural
areas, water pollution, pronounced warping of lakes, communication channels and settlements
destruction and the emphasizing of desertification.
All this leads to environmental degradation, the destruction of ecological balance and the
decrease of standard of living.
The process of afforestation of degraded lands and those unfit for agriculture, associated with
the installation of windbreaks, is one of the most effective environmental protection measures
for climate change prevention and mitigation through the vital functions performed by forest
crops, while providing renewable material resources.
The degraded lands are subjected to the provisions of this law, regardless of ownership, which
can be improved by afforestation works in order to protect the soil, water balance restoring and
improving the environmental conditions.
The degraded land, which is the subject of this study, is located in the Schela village, Galati
County, being placed in the transition zone of the Tecuci Plain to Siret Lower Meadow. The
study aimed to prepare a project for ecological restoration through afforestation of those lands.
Qualitative assessment of the land in question was based on a cadastral study and a cadastral
bonitare which determined the suitability classes of factors and the environmental determinants
for the main forest species used for afforestation.
152
CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRENGTHENING DURMAST FORESTS
PRESERVATION BY USING APPROPRIATE FORESTRY
MAINTAINING AND EXPLOITATION PRACTICES
Ilie COVRIG1, Ioan OROIAN2*, Petru BURDUHOS2, Constantin ŞULEA2
1
2
Keywords: anthropic factor, biometric measurements, extreme phenomena
Introduction. Durmast is one of the most important forest specie in Romania. Due to
different conditions (both environmental and anthropic), it exhibits great vulnerability. If the
solution of managing environmental factors (climatic conditions, pest and pathogens attack) is
limited, the anthropic action, mainly expressed in forestry exploitation practices can be
seriously improved if preoccupation is focused on this direction.
Aims. Identifying and proposing solutions for strengthening the durmast forest health status
and preservation based on field research concerning the possible contributions of forestry
exploitation techniques.
Materials and Methods. The trial was developed during 2013 in a forestry facility from
Mureş County, where tree exploitation is in development. A 60 years and older durmast tree
forest was studied. Biometric investigation, and observation upon climatic factors affecting
trees, pest and pathogens action were also performed. A critic inventory of the forestry
exploitation practices was developed during experimental period. Data were processed with
IBP SPSS 20 Office.
Results. The present study shows that the most important factors affecting the wellbeing of
the durmast forest in Mureş County conditions are: temperature, precipitation regimen, wind
intensity and extreme phenomena as climatic conditions, and wood exploitation techniques. It
also results that intervention of human factor in constant observation of durmast forest status
can strengthen its health, by taking appropriate measures in order to fix any problem that
could appear due to extreme phenomena (fire, damages produced by wind, pathogens attack,
etc.), or inappropriate exploitation techniques.
Conclusion. The inventory of the factors affecting the durmast forest status in conditions of
exploitation demonstrates the importance of implementing maintaining practices based on
field studies that take into account the particular feeding and curative needs of the concerned
durmast populated forest, together with rational exploitation approaches.
153
EXPLOITATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS
SUBSTRATE FOR SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION
Francisc Vasile DULF1,2*, Dan Cristian VODNAR3, and Monica Ioana TOŞA4
1
Department of Environmental and Plant Protection. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
SC Proplanta SRL, Romania.
3
Faculty of Food Science and Technology. University of Agricultural Sciences and
4
Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering. University Babeş-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords: solid-state fermentation.
Introduction. The agro-food wastes could be appropriate for use as immobilization carrier in
the production of different metabolites with added commercial value by solid-state
fermentation (SSF).
Aims. The objective of this work was the evaluation of the potential of different stone fruit
and berry wastes from Romanian food and beverages industry for use as immobilization
carrier in SSF. The physical–chemical properties (moisture and water absorption index
(WAI), and the ability of Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger to colonize such solid
substrates were used as parameters to select the best by-products that could be used
successfully in SSF.
Materials and Methods. The agro-food wastes used in this study were derived from
Transylvanian local regions and from our laboratory, including kernels and pulp/peels of
stone-fruits (plum, apricot) and berry press residues (sea buckthorn, Sambucus nigra (SN) and
Sambucus ebulus).The fungal strains were procured from LGC Standards,Germany.
Results. Among the 8 evaluated substrates, only 5 presented higher moisture content than
50%, including apricot peel (AP), residues from plum brandy production (RPBP) (pulp and
peel) and berry press residues. The AP and SN berry press residue were the materials with
higher WAI values (6.72 and 6.10 g water/g dried material (dm), respectively), whereas the
kernels of apricot (2.44 g water/g dm) and those from RPBP (2.60 g water/g dm) gave the
lowest WAI values. The microbiological test showed that the microorganisms (R. oligosporus
and A. niger) had good growth rates when cultivated in berry press residues and stone-fruits
pulp/peels.
Conclusion. It could be concluded that the stone-fruit agro-industrial by-products (pulp/peel)
and berry press residues have great potential to be successfully used as substrate in SSF.
Acknowledgment. This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of
Education, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project nr. PNII-RU-PD-2012-3-0245.
154
STUDY ON THE SEA-BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.)
PREPARATION FORMS IN ORDER TO ITS NUTRITIOPHARMACEUTICAL USE
Carmen Georgeta DUMITRESCU (MANOLE)1
University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania.
*
Keywords: Hippophae rhamnoides L., recipes, therapeutical effects, ways of preparing
Introduction. Sea-buckthorn fruits, also named natural polyvitamins, are an extraordinary
general tonic, which may be used fresh or preserved by freezing or drying. According to Brad
I. et al. (2002) these are also astringent and vermifuges, with results in the treatment of many
and varied disorders (1). Sea-buckthorn is industrially or domestic processed in food
purposes, as well as in medicinal ones (2).
Aims. Starting from a few recipes collected from various sources and using the results of
other renowned researchers in the field, the paper aims to establish the accurate nutritional
and therapeutical value of sea-buckthorn fruits, leaves, shoots and of the whole plant. In the
same time, the ways of their use in multiples forms have been pursued – for food, medical
purposes, but also in environmental protection, especially relating to the soil restoration.
Materials and Methods. In the experiments performed for this work were used a few classic
preparations (syrup, juice, sea-buckthorn oil, honey with sea-buckthorn), which have been
tested on consumers who agreed to follow a long-term treatment. The survey was carried out
on a total of 50 people with various diseases, who were contacted every 3 months in order to
evaluate their evolution due to applied therapy.
Results. Recipes based on sea-buckthorn have led to concrete results in terms of the health of
individuals who agreed to participate in the study. All the preparations being known and
widely used by the population, there was no risk of introducting them into the diet. At the
beginning of the research all 50 people made a set of tests. Thus, it was observed that, without
making any other change in their way of life, by simply using more sea-buckthorn, the
subjects obtained positive results on their health. The analyzes made regularly showed that
some affections have been ameliorated, while the quantity of vitamins and nutrients from the
organism gradually increased.
Conclusion. A concrete result is that the sea-buckthorn recipes and preparations have a
beneficial effect on the human body. From the total of 50 people monitored, 48 felt better
after the introduction of sea-buckthorn in their diet.
References
1. Brad I. et al. (2002). Catina alba, o farmacie intr-o planta, Tehnical Publishing, Bucharest
2. Proorocu A. (2006). Cercetari privind importanta catinei albe (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)
pentru protectia mediului si ca resursa in economia sanatatii umane, UASMV Bucharest,
PhD Thesis
155
A RELATIONAL DATABASE STRUCTURE FOR LINKING
AIR POLLUTION LEVELS WITH CHILDREN’S RESPIRATORY
ILLNESSES
Daniel DUNEA1, Stefania IORDACHE1, Mihaela OPREA2, Tom SAVU3,
Alin POHOATA1 and Emil LUNGU1
1
Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania.
Petroleum-Gas University Ploiesti, Romania.
3
University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania.
*
2
Keywords: air pollution, computer-based tools, population exposure, relational database.
Introduction. Environmental monitoring systems and early warning systems have been
improving the quality of life and health in many places. The spatial variation in the pollution
concentration and the differences between the areas covered by the monitoring and the areas
where the population is located create problems in using the air quality data generated by
routine monitoring networks. In addition, the method used to report air quality monitoring
data restricts the availability of the collected information for assessing exposure to air
pollution and, subsequently, its health effects.
Aims. Pollutants' data, meteorological data and medical data feeds the relational database
with information from vulnerable urban areas (i.e., Targoviste and Ploiesti), which will help
the running of algorithms between air quality, meteorology and health effects and later use
forecasted outputs to forecast health effects.
Materials and Methods. Several computer-based tools were developed to facilitate the
population of the database with specific data from various sources. One of these tools allows
the automatic capturing of pollutants’ concentrations from web-based official sources.
Results. The relational database structure integrates the fields for the required variables in the
attributed data tables (PM2.5 and carried compounds/metals sub-database, meteorological subdatabase and medical sub-database). The main criteria in selecting the respiratory illnesses
that are linked to atmospheric pollution for the small children (age of one month to six years)
is the wheezing. The medical database contains as main fields the diurnal symptoms/week,
the nocturnal symptoms/week, the response to inhalation medication, eosinophil count, serum
level of E immunoglobins (lgE), physical activity evaluation, and residential address and
school/kindergarten address of the children.
Conclusion. The presented database structure and adjacent tools are expected to improve the
current monitoring methodology of air pollutants, mainly particulate matters and their content
in various compounds in correlation with children’s health.
156
RESULTS CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF THE PLANT
DENSITY AND FERTILIZATION ON THE SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS
DENSITY (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS)
Florentina EREMIA*, Costică CIONTU
University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Romania,
*
Keywords: density, fertilization, Helianthus annuus, yield.
Introduction. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is one of the most valuable cultivated plant due
to very high productivity and multiple uses of its products in human alimentation, livestock
breeding and industry. In the last decade, due to the application of more efficient technologies
and obtaining of new hybrids, the sunflower yield considerably increased in some countries,
even spectacular. The average yield per hectare at national level depends very much on the
evolution of the climatic conditions and soil natural fertility (1).
Efficient use of natural resources for sunflower yield, in order to be cost-efficient, requires
rigorous zoning hybrids, depending on climatic resources and their biological requirements
(2).
Aims. The approached issues covered research objectives aimed at optimizing the culture
technology in order to achieve maximum and constant sunflower yield, in the soil and climate
conditions of southern Romania, also pursuing the economic efficiency and environment
protection.
Materials and Methods. The experimental diagram is three factorial type of form 3 x 3 x 2,
managed according to the subdivided parcels method, in three repetitions. In order to organize
the experiment it was used biological material consisting of three sunflower hybrids. Crop
management was performed in optimal conditions of technology specific to the culture area,
the studied genotypes consisting of: Performer (test check), Barolo RO, and PR64A89.
Results. The use of the hybrid Barolo RO a leaded to a yield of 2,056 kg/ha, compared to the
control Performer where it was yielded 1,850 kg/ha, the difference wasn’t significant.
Replacing organic fertilization with 20 t/ha manure with the fertilization with N 100P50 or not
fertilized, cased the yield of productions 363-487 kg/ha poorer at the hybrid Performer, 465741 kg/ha at Barolo RO, and 752-805 kg/ha at the hybrid PR64A89. In all the fertilization
variants, using of the hybrid PR64A89 increased the production very significant.
Conclusion. Analyzing the interaction of all studied factors, we can notice a decrease of
production at all three used hybrids (Performer, Barolo RO, and PR64A89) in the unfertilized
variant, with statistical values as significant or very significant, ranging between 200 – 1600
kg/ha.
References
1. Bîlteanu Gh. (2003). Phytotechnics. Ceres Publishing House, Bucharest.
2. Hera C., Sin Gh., Toncea I. (1989). Sunflower crop. Ceres Publishing House, Bucharest.
157
RESEARCH ON EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC
CERTIFICATION GROUP RADAIA VILLAGE, CLUJ COUNTY
Avram FITIU*
*
Keywords: organic certification group, I.D.E.R.I.C.A.
Introduction. Radaia agricultural potential of the area can be expressed in financial terms in
different ways to increase the value added of products specific to the area, which in this paper
we chose study on the potential of organic certification
Aims. The objective of this paper is to assess socio territorial and ecological agricultural
potential of the town of Cluj Radaia in order to increase the value-added food products
specific to the area after a possible organic certification group locality.
Material and Methods. The method used to analyze the ecological potential of the product
and the area is method I.D.E.R.I.C.A. method, which quantify the ecological, socio-territorial
agricultural activities limited geographic area at a locality level.
Territorial social indicators for the diagnosis studied are: the existence of a quality approach
(AE, PDO, PGI, TSG;) direct sale; transformation of farm products; agritourism; equipment
used in common by several farmers; employer groups; farm sustainability.
Biological indicators for the diagnosis of the area studied are green legume crops; Trap crops
for nitrate; microirigare; origin of irrigation water; type system of protected culture; farm
renewables.
Results. In view of the town green certification Oradea used a rating scale that took into
account the socio-territorial indicators and ecologicio afferent I.D.E.R.I.C.A. diagnostic
method, which is between the minimum and maximum measurement scale.
Conclusions. Potential of the area and the product allows its group certification required after
nstalling a system of internal control at the level of the farmers in the village.
References
1. Ambroise R. (1997). Le diagnostic agri-environnemental d'exploitation dans les plans de
développement durable, Actes du colloque interactions entre l'agriculture et environnem
ent – quels outils de diagnostic ?, Paris, avril 1997
2. Bockstaller C., Girardin P. (2003). How to validate environmental indicators, Agricultural
Systems, vol. nb.76 (2): 639-653.
3. Bourdais J.L. (1999). Utilisation d'indicateurs pour évaluer l'impact sur l'environnement
de l'agriculture - application à l'agriculture biologique en Aquitaine, Ingénieries EAT,
n°20
158
STUDY CONCERNING THE IMPACT OF THE ORGANISMS OF
PHYTOSANITARY QUARANTINE ACTION UPON POTATO AND
TOMATO CULTURES IN CLUJ AREA
Andrei FLEŞERIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Cristian MĂLINAŞ
Keywords: monitoring, National Phytosanitary Authority, plant diseases
Introduction. The organisms of phytosanitary quarantine play an important role within
national monitoring programmes of vegetable cultures. Whatever, pathogens, weed, etc. they
are nominated and taken under strict survey by national authorities. In Romania, they are
nominated, monitored and managed by the National Phytosanitary Authority.
Aims. Emphasizing the phytosanitary quarantine organisms that act against potato and tomato
cultures practiced in Cluj area, and quantifying their attack degree. Identification of presence
of other pathogens that represent a threat for above mentioned cultures.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were developed during March and middle of July 2014
in the experimental field located in Jucu village, belonging to the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, on potato and tomato cultures. The presence
of the specific weeds and pathogens was monitored, and their attack degree was recorded. The
presence of other pathogens was also monitored, and their attack degrees recorded. Data were
statistically processed with IBM SPSS 20 programme.
Results. The results of our experiment emphasized that only small part of the organisms
under phytosanitary quarantine were present, weeds mainly, but diseases produced by other
pathogens (late blight and powdery mildew) were recorded, and they produced important
damages in monitored cultures.
Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that not all phytosanitary quarantine organises
nominated by the Romanian National Phytosanitary Authority were recorded in tomat0o and
potato cultures managed in conventional system in Cluj area, but the most important damages
were produced by other pathogens, late blight and powdery mildew, respectively.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
159
STUDY UPON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF UNCONVENTIONAL
TREATMENTS AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN POTATO CULTURES
WITHIN TRANSYLVANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Cristian IEDERAN, Ioan OROIAN*, Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Sânziana PAULIUC
Keywords: benefit, late blight, powdery mildew
Introduction. The economic efficiency of agricultural entrepreneurship, within legal
condition of environmental protection, is one of the most important challenges of ourdays
Romanian economy. In this context, an interesting approach is represented by the economic
efficiency of unconventional treatments represented by ecological protection of potato
cultures practiced in Transylvanian climatic conditions.
Aims. Emphasizing the economic efficiency of unconventional treatments consisting of
different organic compounds or combinations of organic compounds compared to economic
efficiency of conventional treatments applied to potato cultures cultivated in Transylvanian
climatic conditions.
Materials and Methods. The economic efficiency was calculated for Roclas potato variety
production resulted from cultures treated to both conventional and unconventional products
(one conventional and two unconventional), and also a control group untreated, within a trial
implemented in Transylvanian Plain during April – September 2013. Data were statistically
processed using STATISTICA V 7.0. programme.
Results. Taking into account the results obtained from our trial, concerning the health status
of culture, specific expenses (with potato culture maintenance, fertilizers and treatments
against diseases – late blight and alternariosis -) and production, results that unconventional
treatments led to best ratio production/expenses, and accordingly, highest efficiency.
Conclusion. The expression of the economic efficiency resulted from the economical analyse
of potato culture managed in conditions of unconventional treatments against main diseases,
late blight and powdery mildew, respectively, emphasizes the advantages of using these
products from both benefit and ecological points of views.
160
AIR QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION IN PLOIESTI URBAN AREA
AFECTED BY INDUSTRIAL AND TRAFFIC POLLUTION
Stefania IORDACHE1*, Daniel DUNEA1, Cornel IANACHE2, Laurentiu PREDESCU1
and Dumitru DUMITRU1
1
Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania
2
Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
*
Keywords: air quality, monitoring, statistical analysis
Introduction. Emissions of air pollutants derive from almost all economic and societal
activities. In Europe, emissions of many air pollutants have decreased. Due to the
concentration of crude oil processing activities around Ploiesti city, this area was carefully
monitored regarding air pollutants.
Aims. Identification of pollutants emission characteristics in the city of Ploiesti, an urban
agglomeration of Romania, affected by industrial and traffic pollution by evaluating the
potential risk of air contamination, analysis of emissions from continuous monitoring and
identification optimal methods of statistical analysis to be used to establish trends in urban air
pollution.
Materials and Methods. Ploiesti city was selected because its residential areas are under the
emissions’ impact of petrochemical industry and heavy traffic. We used the data acquired by
six automatic monitoring stations of the National air quality monitoring network, respectively
meteorological parameters, gaseous pollutants, and particulate matters. Data have been
collected from November 2011 till March 2012, at one hour sampling rate.
Results. The present work has focused mainly on assessing the relationships between air
pollution and important weather parameters. The tests allowed identification of statistically
significant differences between the regime curves associated to SO2 recorded at the 6 stations
between various pairs of data : 12 statistically significant differences (p <0.01) and 3
statistically significant differences (p <0.05 ). Statistical significance was observed for the
association of SO2 with temperature and relative humidity respectively in urban, suburban
and one industrial station and at the second industrial station for rainfall and relative
humidity. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis indicates that relative humidity has
statistically significant influence to NO2 concentration at industrial station PH6, temperature
influences the concentration of NO2 at urban station and at industrial station PH4 are
registered statistical significance to all three meteorological parameters. In the differential
analysis between pairs of data, 7 statistically significant differences (p <0.01) were observed.
Similar results were observed for the other pollutants.
Conclusion. In Ploiesti, air quality has been improved, but there are certain vulnerable areas
under the direct impact of road traffic or industrial areas that need to be supplemented with
forecasting tasks in order to improve people protection to air pollution exposure.
161
PHYTOTOXICITY OF LEAD ON LOLIUM PERENNE L AND LACTUCA
SATIVA VAR. CAPITATA L: EFFECTS OF GERMINATION AND
GROUTH
Stela-Gabriela JELEA*, Marian JELEA
Department of Chemistry and Biology, Tehnical University of Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: lead nitrate, Lolium perenne L., Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.
Introduction. Lead is not an essential element for plants. When plants find it in the
environment, especially in polluted areas, lead is absorbed by plants. Two species were used
to investigate the effects of lead on the growth and germination of plants. Lolium perenne L
and Lactuca sativa var. capitata L are species used for toxicity tests. Lead can cause a broad
range of oscillation and biochemical dysfunctions on seed germination, plant growth, and
water status (Sharma and Dubey, 2005; Sengar and al., 2008).
Aims. This work presents the effects of different concentrations of lead nitrate, over seed
germination and plantlets development of Lolium perenne and Lactuca sativa.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were carried out on Lolium perenne L and Lactuca sativa
var. capitata L. Phytotoxicity test aimed the quantitative effects produced by various lead nitrate
concentrations (0.05 g/L; 0.1 g/L; 0.5 g/L; 1 g/L). Dry mass was determined after the 3 days at
60° C.
Results. The metal from the solution determined the decrease percentage of germinated seeds.
The stress produced by lead created a strong root growth inhibition (Seregin and Ivanon,
2001). Low growth of roots also affects the plant height. Vegetative organ damage has
resulted in the decrease of plant biomass. As the concentration of the metal in solution is
higher, physiological effects are more intense.
Conclusion. Stress produced by the metal in solution has resulted in decreasing the
germination capacity and germinating faculty of both species. The effects are even more
pronounced as the concentration of the metal in solution is higher. Effects on the vegetative
organs are more pronounced 14 days after starting the treatment. Affecting the length of the
stem and root caused the decrease of plant biomass.
References
1. Sengar R.S., Gautam M., Sengar R.S., Garg S.K., Sengar K., Chaudhary R.(2008). Lead
stress effects on physiobiochemical activities of higher plants. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
196: 73–93.
2. Seregin I.V. and Ivanov V.B., (2001). Physiological aspects of cadmium and lead toxic
effects on higher plants. Russian J. Plant Physiol. 48: 523-544.
3. Sharma P. and Dubey R.S., (2005). Lead toxicity in plant. Braz. J. Plant Physiol. 17(1):
35-52.
162
GREEN ROOFS – A TOOL FOR REDUCING THE URBAN HEAT
ISLAND PHENOMENON
Adriana Lucia KADHIM-ABID1* and Carmina Constanța GHEORGHIȚĂ2
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering. The”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iassy, Romania.
2
Faculty of Architecture. The”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iassy, Romania.
*
Keywords: Climate change, Green roofs, Mitigation strategies, Urban Heat Island
Introduction. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon influenced by increased levels of
urbanisation registered in the last decades worldwide presents negative effects at both urban
level and building level manifested through inadequate air and life quality within cities,
discomfort and increased energy demands for heating and cooling the buildings. In order to
reduce these negative effects, solutions are proposed aiming to increase permeability to storm
water and amount of solar radiation reflected by the urban fabric. The interventions consider
integrating green surfaces within the building envelope, at terrace or facade level.
Aims. The study sets aim to demonstrate that rehabilitation solutions including green surfaces
such as green roofs aid mitigation and adaptation strategies towards sustainable cities by
decreasing the negative effects of the UHI phenomenon and improve indoor climate, thus
lowering energy demands for heating/cooling of buildings.
Materials and Methods. This study analyses green roof strategies and their impact on
buildings as literature review from implemented projects in several countries around the
world. In the present research work, the authors point out the importance of the vegetative
layer pertaining to green surface solutions regarding UHI phenomenon mitigation strategies.
The study makes use of field data, acquired in the city of Iassy for 2013, used to perform a
series of numerical simulations targeting to support the validity of these solutions towards
sustainable cities and decreased energy demands.
Results. Based on in-situ measurements regarding indoor and outdoor climatic parameters,
the authors present solutions for rehabilitation strategies using green roof surfaces at terrace
level for a building in Iassy. The strategy, which implies design steps regarding plant types
entailing the vegetative layer, demonstrates by means of numerical simulations the benefits of
green roof retrofitting strategies.
Conclusion. Green roofs represent a mitigation and adaptation solution aiming to diminish
the negative effects of the Urban Heat Island phenomenon at urban scale. At building level,
this type of solutions can improve the indoor microclimate of buildings by reducing the
inward heat flux during hot seasons, thus decreasing the energy demand for cooling during
summer. Moreover, such resources represent a viable solution for retrofitting and climate
adaptation strategies regarding the building sector, responsible for pollution and inadequate
air and life quality levels noticeable in the urban environments.
References
1. Gartland L. (2010). Heat Islands. Understanding and mitigating heat in urban areas, ISBN
9781849712989, London, UK.
2. Xu T., Sathaye J., Akbari H., Garg V. and Tetail S. (2011). Quantifying the direct benefits
of cool roofs in an urban setting: reducing cooling energy use and lower greenhouse gas
emissions, Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, USA.
163
SALT AND SALT- HYDROGEN PEROXIDE INTERACTIONS ON
WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) SEEDLINGS
Özlem KURT, Nuray ERGÜN*
Biology Department, Mustafa Kemal University, Turkey
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), salt stress, hydrogenperoxside, chylorophyl
Introduction. Abiotic stress factors such as, drought, salinity, heavy metal, and oxidative
stress severely threaten agriculture throughout the world (Wang et al. 2003).
Aims. In the present study, salt, salt-hydrogen peroxide and their interactions were
investigated on wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum cv.Kızıltan, Mirzabey andTosunbey).
Root, shoot length, shoot, dry weight, chlorphyll a and b, total chlorophyll (a + b) amount,
were investigated.
Materials and Methods. Wheat seeds were germinated and then they were kept in climate
cabinet conditions. They growth in full strength Hoagland solution (Arnon and Hoagland
1950). The 15-day-old seedlings, which received salt and salt-hydrogen peroxide, were
harvested and the lengths of the root and shoot were measured.
Conclusion. Salt negatively affected shoot and root develeopment on wheat cultivars
Kızıltan, Mirzabey and Tosunbey used in this study. In addition, amount of chlorophyll a,
chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll also decreased with salt appilications. Amount of pigment
was relatively higher on seedlings applied with salt and salt-hydrogenperoxside.
References
1. Arnon D.I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts Polyphanoloxidase in Beta
vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 24: 1-15.
2. Wang W.X., Vinocur B. and Altman A. (2003). Plant responses to drought, salinity and
extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218: 1-14.
164
RESEARCH REGARDING THE DIVERSITY OF THE SAPROBIONTE
CATEGORIES IN BEGA RIVER WATERS
Anca-Andreea MARIN1, Benoni LIXANDRU1, Milca PETROVICI2,
Adrian SINITEAN2, Florica MORARIU1, Dumitru POPESCU1
1
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timisoara, Romania
2
Faculty of Chemistry Biology and Geography, West University of Timişoara, Romania
*
Keywords: aquatic biodiversity, Bega river, saprobionte organism, water quality.
Introduction. The one of the most important biological parameters for the quality of surface
waters are the benthic macroinvertebrates. They have the following characteristics: they live
in constant contact with the sediments where pollutants are accumulated, have a fairly longlasting lifecycle, are present in all types of aquatic ecosystems, are easily collected and quite
easy to identify (Ogbeibu & Oribhabor 2002; Braukmann & Biss, 2004; Badea et al., 2010;
Kubosova et al., 2010)
Aims. The aims of present study is to identify the saprobinte categories of water from
different segments of the Bega river. and bring new contributions with regard to the influence
of polluting factors upon the saprobiont organism inhabiting the river course through the
Timisoara city.
Materials and Methods. In April 2014, 71 quantitative benthic and planktonic samples were
collected from Timisoara river. There have been calculated the density, the abundance and
the frequency (Stan 1995; Sîrbu & Benedek 2004).
Results. After processing the samples in the laboratory, it was identified eight groups of
benthic macroinvertebrates: Nematoda, Oligochaeta subclass, Diptera order, Gastropoda
class, Lamelibranchiata class, Odonata order, Isopoda order, and Hirudin class and there
have been calculated the density, the abundance and the frequency.
At station 1 and station 2 are not conditions of impurification. Analysing benthic samples
from station 3 we can say that the density of individuals of Oligochaeta subclass reaches the
highest values compared to other stations. This groups have the high tolerance in order of
pollution by organic or inorganic matter. Also in this station individuals of Odonata order
disappear. At station 4 were recorded lower densities of all macroinvertebrates identified.
Conclusion. Highest density, abundance and the frequency was recorded in station 3 for
165
STUDIES ON THE FLIGHT OF RHAGOLETIS CERASI L. ADULTS IN
TREATED AND UNTREATED PLANTATIONS IN CLUJ-NAPOCA
AREA
Laura Ioana MACAVEI¹*, Ion OLTEAN¹, Viorel MITRE², Ioan OPREAN³,
Aurelia POP³, Iuliana VASIAN³
1
Department of Environment and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
2
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Agricultural Sciences and
3
Institute for Research in Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”,” Babes-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords: European cherry fruit fly, dynamics population, Rhageletis cerasi L.
Introduction. The main pest of cherry plantations is Rhagoletis cerasi species (L.) (Diptera:
Tephritidae) whose attack affects primarily the commercial aspect of fruits.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to study the population dynamics of European cherry fruit fly
in Cluj-Napoca area and also the influence of phytosanitary actions over it, between 20132014.
Materials and Methods. In the two experimental years the observations were made in two
cherry orchard: one in which chemical treatments were applied and one untreated. Adults
flight was monitored using a total number of 155 traps procured from Institute of Chemistry
'Raluca Ripan' Cluj-Napoca. Data registration took place twice a week during the entire flight
period of the species Rhagoletis cerasi.
Results. In 2013, the flight of European cherry fruit fly began on 29 May for both orchards
and ended on 1 July in untreated orchard respective on July 18 in chemically treated orchard.
Maximum number of captures was recorded in the third week in the untreated orchard and in
chemically treated platation the highest number of catches was recorded in the fifth week
from the start of the flight.
In 2014, the beginning of the flight took place on 21 May in both orchards and the highest
population was recorded in the fifth week in chemically treated orchard respectively in the
third week in the untreated one.
Conclusions. The differences regarding the maximum flight curve and the end of the flight
from the two observed orchards is due to the fact that the populations of Rhagoletis cerasi are
different. The experiment is still ongoing because the flight of this pest did not end and
conclusions were not completed.
166
THE NATURAL REHABILITATION OF TAILING PONDS
FROM CĂPUŞ, CLUJ
Aurel MAXIM1, Andrei STOIE1, Mignon SANDOR1, Lucia MIHALESCU2,
Viorela PERŢEA1, Stelian MARIS1
1
Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
2
Department of Chemistry-Biology, The North University Baia-Mare
Keywords: Natural rehabilitation, phytocenosis, tailing ponds, planimetric method
Introduction. Mining industry is one of the most polluting, in particular through the mine
tailings and tailing ponds. In Romania, most of these were rehabilitated natural, as is the case
at Căpus.
Aims. Our studies and research were conducted in 2013 and had two main objectives: to
establish natural recovery capacity of the four tailings ponds from the exploitation and
processing of iron from from Căpusu Mare (1962-1985), after 28 years from closure,
achieving phytocenologic investigations to study the evolution of ecological succession on a
lifeless biotope.
Materials and Methods. Genuine identification species installed on the tailings ponds was
made by using the dichotomy keys. Quantitative study of characteristics was made by the
following indices: coverage using abundance-dominance scale (Braun-Blanquet), calculating
the frequency and classification in class presence. For this ecological study of vegetation we
used stationary research, with the planimetric method using metric frame 1 square (1 x 1 m).
Results. The coverage of vegetation varies from 87% (tailing pond I) to 69% (tailing pond
IV). The wood species occupying from 56% (tailing pond I) of the surface of the tailing pond,
to 14% (tailing pond IV).
Floristic inventory conducted shows that the floristic diversity is at the tailing pond III where
were identified, 8 species of trees, 3 species of shrubs and 30 herbaceous species. The lower
diversity at the tailings pond I can be explained by the high percentage of land cover by
wooden species at the expense of herbaceous.
Phytocenologic results of our investigations show that the tailings ponds from Căpuşu Mare
are naturally rehabilitated after 28 years, which is the age of the latest pond. Unfortunately
there is no description of the dynamics of these phytocenosis. Although species don't have a
great economic value, spontaneous vegetation installed here has the advantage of a positive
visual impact, setting ponds, preventing air pollution by drifting the tailings by wind and its
transport by rain.
167
TESTING UNCONVENTIONAL TREATMENTS AGAINST LATE
BLIGHT IN POTATO CULTURE WITHIN TRANSYLVANIAN
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN
Keywords: attack degree, correlations, disease management, Phytophtora infestans
Introduction. In last decades, the environmental safety became a priority, even for farmers.
The preoccupation for fighting against cultures pathogens with ecological products, without
affecting economic benefits, has been a permanent challenge. The potato culture, an important
one in Transylvania region of Romania must receive special attention from the point of view
of diseases management, because of specific climatic conditions in this area, which
advantages the most frequent pathogen of this culture, producing late blight.
Aims. Emphasizing the efficacy of unconventional treatments applied to potato cultures, in
Transylvanian climatic conditions, using metamodels with predictors.
Materials and Methods. The trial was implemented in Pădureni village located in
representative climatic area of Transylvanian Plain during April – September 2013. The trial
included a control variant conventionally treated (with Infinito 687.5 SC) – V1, and two
experimental variants, which received unconventionally treatment, Mimoten + Zytron mixture
– V2, and Bordeaux mixture – V3. All variants, control, and experimental, respectively were
fertilized with N50P60K80. The Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree (AD%) and
climatic conditions in the area. Data were processed using STATISTICA V 7.0. programme.
Results. The best results, lower attack degrees, respectively, were obtained when
unconventional treatment with Bordeaux mixture was applied, followed by Mimoten + Zytron
mixture, and control conventionally treated. The solutions identified in implementation of
metamodels with predictors emphasized strong and statistically significant correlations
between Phytophtora infestans Mont. de Bary attack degree (AD%) and climatic conditions
(temperature, dew point, pressure, wind direction and velocity, precipitations) in studied area.
Conclusion. Our trial demonstrates the possibility of successfully using of unconventional
treatment of potato culture against late blight, in Transylvanian Plain climatic conditions on
mathematical basis using metamodels with predictors.
168
APPRAISAL OF THE EMMERGING RISKS UNDER GLOBAL
CLIMATE CHANGE ON QUERCUS ROBUR SPECIES IN ROMANIA
Mihai MOLDOVAN*, Ioan OROIAN and Tania MIHAIESCU
*
Keywords: climate change, forest’s fragility, fungal pathogens, Quercus robur, soil analysis.
Introduction. The Quercus robur is an important and predominant species in Romania
representing around 17.7% of the total forest surface (Giurgiu, 2004). In some areas
phenomens of forest fragility can develop. Among the factors that can adversely influence the
forest development can be mentioned soil acidification, fungal pathogens and insects
increased attacks and concurrence with other valuable forest tree species (Badea, 2002).
Aims. The present research aims to study the influence of the climate changes on the
development of several fungal pathogens and in particular the research of the powdery
mildew on the oak species in different climate conditions.
Materials and Methods. The influence of various climatic conditions on the development of
pathogens at the Quercus species, was studied using data collected over a period of 10 years
(the average temperature values, the thermal regime of extreme values, the monthly
precipitation regime and the ecometrical parameters values of the thermal and hydric regime).
Specific soil conditions were also analysed. The soil sampling was made considering the
Order of the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry (MAFF) no. 223/2002. Soil samples
were collected from O.S Dej tree nursery at the depth of 0-5 cm, 5-20 cm, 20-55 cm. 0.5 to 1
kg of soil was collected for each sample. Standard laboratory procedures were used for soil
sample analysis: soil reaction (pH) (potentiometric method, in water suspension, 1:2.5),
humus content (wet oxidation, method Walkley-Black modified by Gogoasa), total nitrogen
(Kjeldahl method), the soil percentage base saturation, the content of exchangeable bases
(Kappen method), total cation exchange capacity and particle size analysis. Analyses were
made in triplicate and the mean values were reported. All reagents were of analytical-reagent
grade type.
Results. In topsoil, soil reaction varies from 4.59 to 5.65 pH units and total humus content
varies from very low (0,882%) to good (4.246%). Total nitrogen content in the studied plot range
from 0.05% to 0.22%, the average being in the low class (0.14%).
Conclusion. The disease is favoured by climatic factors and infections occur when the
average daily temperature is above 15oC and air humidity is about 80% during summer,
followed by short rainy periods, the powdery mildew appears predominantly on the upper
leafs under the appearance of white spots which grow gradually.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Badea O. (2006). Starea de sănătate a pădurilor din România în perioada anilor 19902005, evaluată prin sistemul de monitoring forestier. Revista Pădurilor 1:8-13, Bucureşti.
2. Giurgiu V. (2004). Gestionarea durabilă a pădurilor României. Silvologie III B. Ed.
Academiei Române, Bucureşti.
169
XENOBIOTICS IN LACTUCA SATIVA L.
Nicoleta MUNTEAN1, Edward MUNTEAN2*, Marcel DUDA1
1
Department of Plant Culture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Cluj Napoca,
Romania
2
Department of Food Engineering. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Cluj Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords: contamination, heavy metals, Lactuca Sativa L., polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons, xenobiotics
Introduction. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an important leafy vegetable crop, used mainly
as a fresh vegetable in salads, but also cooked (Lebeda et al., 2007). Exposing a relatively
high surface area of leaves, this plant can be easily contaminated with chemicals from
environment, which enter the food chain and can influence the consumer’s health (Lee and
Shim, 2007).
Aims. The major aim of this research is to establish the degree of contamination with heavy
metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) for lettuce plants cultivated on three
different sites: one with historical pollution (in Copsa Mica area), another one located urban
area (Cluj Napoca), the third one being a non-polluted site (Jucu).
Materials and Methods. Four heavy metals were determined (lead, cadmium, copper and
zinc) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, measurements being performed using a
Shimadzu AA-6300 double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer with both flame and
graphite furnace, after microwave-assisted digestion. 15 from the 16 Environmental
Protection Agency priority PAHs were assessed (naphthalene, acenaphtene, fluorene,
phenanthrene,
anthracene,
fluoranthene,
pyrene,
benz(a)anthracene,
chrysene,
benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene,
benzo(g,h,i)perylene and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene), using high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC). HPLC analyses were achieved using an Agilent 1100 system
equipped with an Envirosep PP column, with acetonitrile:water as mobile phase (45:55 v/v).
Results. The recorded concentrations for heavy metals showed maximum values for the
studied elements for samples originating the historical pollution site (1.41
highest in samples from urban area, where pollution is caused mainly by automobiles (8
kg total PAH’s), the average PAHs’ content ranging from 0.08
g/ kg for
benzo(g,h,i)perylene to 3.27
Conclusion. The obtained results revealed a moderate contamination of the studied food
products with the studied xenobiotics, the main contributors being soil pollution and traffic.
References
1. Lebeda A., Ryder E.J., Grube R., Doležalová I., Křístková E. (2007). Lettuce (Asteraceae;
Lactuca spp.). In: SINGH R.J. (ed.), Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering and
Crop Improvement, Vol. 3, Vegetable Crops. Boca Raton, CRC Press, Tailor and Francis
Group, 377–472.
2. Lee B.M. and Shim G.A. (2007). Dietary exposure estimation of benzo[a]pyrene and
cancer risk assessment. J.Toxicol.Environ.Health A, 70: 1391-1394.
170
RISK ASSESSMENT PRACTICES APPLIED IN HYDRAULIC
FRACKING TECHNIQUE
Antonia ODAGIU1, Ioan OROIAN2*, Ilie COVRIG2, Laura PAULETTE1
1
2
Keywords: procedures, shale gas, fuel, unconventional techniques
Introduction. The hydraulic fracking is one of the most controversed issues in what concerns
the XXth century new identified technologies ment to enhance the planet fuel reserves,
worldwide, and in Romania, particularly.
Aims. Emphasizing the ways of supplying correct risk management techniques in order to
minimize the risks produced as consequence of hydraulic fracking technique implementation
for delivering natural gas using unconventional techniques.
Materials and Methods. Inventory of a large database concerning the approached issue and
implementation of methodology ment to supply syncretic results presented as original
contribution for shale gas production.
Results. A series of practices ment to deliver a logic risk assessment system of hydraulic
fracking operation integrating the principles of safety culture, is presented in this paper,
according to most important literature sources. There is approached the current state of art
concerning possible risk of the fracking operations for air, water resources and even
possibility of earthquake producing. The procedures usually implementated in such operations
are also mentioned and briefly described.
Conclusion. The present study resulted in interesting conclusions concerning the risk
assessment applied in hydraulic fracking technology, by supplying systematized portfolio of
risk management practices appropriate to analysed isssue.
171
SOUNDSCAPE IN NORTH-EASTERN PART OF IASI CITY
(SARARIE – TICAU DISTRICT)
Ana Maria OIŞTE1*, Mihai Florin CONSTANTIN2, Dan Adrian CHELARU2
1
Department of Hydrotechnics, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering. University of Iasi, Romania.
2
Faculty of Geography and Geology University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" - (University) Iasi Romania.
*
Keywords: noise, admissible levels, seasonal variation, residential area, Iasi city.
Introduction. This paper presents a complex study of noise levels from road traffic source
and the variation during the seasons in an old residential area located in the north-eastern part
of Iasi city, an important educational and cultural centre of the country.
Aims. The study reveal the correlation between noise levels and social activities developed in
the area: low number of inhabitants because of the holidays time in August and the
resumption of the educational activity in autumn, including school start in September and of
the university activity in October.
Materials and Methods. After direct observations, the measurements were made with digital
sound –level meter Quest Technologies, 1400 model in five hour intervals 7:00 - 8:00; 10:00 11:00; 13:30 - 14:30; 18:00 - 19:00; 19:00 - 20:00. The monitoring of Equivalent Continuous
Noise Level (Leq) were made in 30 points located along the different type of roads in the
second part of August – October 2009, with different admissible levels, showing the
exceeding of the limit in 5 points in September and 8 points in October.
Results. It can be observed an important difference during the week in the monitoring period,
between Monday to Friday and the week-end with lower values 59.64 - 6.5 dB (A) in August,
61.98 - 5.14 dB (A) in September, 63.9 - 5.3 dB (A) in October and among the four street
categories with major differences between first category: 66.89 dB (A) and fourth category
47.69 dB (A), so that urban noise can be stratified according to a prior classification of a
town’s streets due to their use and functional characteristics.
Conclusion. Sound levels monitoring and statistical data processing (Pearson correlation
coefficient, Tukey range test) sustain the fact that road traffic is main source of noise in the
area, differentiated in correlation with street category, a decrease in noise with increasing
street category, with insignificant differences between first and second street category thank
to the best management and traffic control.
172
RESULTS ON PARASITIC LEVEL OF LARVAE AND PUPAE OF
CAMERARIA OHRIDELLA DESCHKA-DIMIĆ
Ion OLTEAN1 Crsitina SOPORAN1, Vasile FLORIAN and Teodora FLORIAN1*
Faculty of Agriculture.University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj –
Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: Cameraria ohridella Deschka-Dimić, parasitic larvae, pupae parasitic.
Introduction. Mining moth has become a dangerous pest and creates major problems for the
protection of ornamental chestnut (Aesculus spp) for almost all European countries. The
numerical density of population regulation involve a series of natural parasites, which were
identified both abroad and in our country (Ferracini and Alma, 2007; Freise et al., 2002;
Stojanovic and Markovic, 2004.).
Aims. Studying the parasitic level of larvae and pupae of Cameraria ohridella DeschkaDimić in Cluj, during 2012-2013.
Materials and Methods. From the parks where are plant chestnut trees, at different time
limits (according to the stages of development of this pest) were collected attacked leaf and
were made samples of 50 leaves. Attacked leaves were analyzed in the lab, noting the total
number of larvae and pupae in the leaf, then we determinate the percent of their parasitic
action.
Results. On the chestnut trees in Central park, the parasitic level (%) of larvae in 2012 was on
average 7.9%, and in 2013 was on average 9.8%. The parasitic level (%) of pupae in 2012
was 8.8%, while in 2013 was 10.4%. On the chestnut trees located on the Paris Street, the
parasitic level (%) of larvae in 2012 was on average 5.7%, and in 2013 was on average 6.3%.
The parasitic level (%) of pupae in 2012 was 6.1%, while in 2013 was 6.9%. The parasitic
level (%) of larvae and pupae of parasitic specie Cameraria ohridella Deschka-Dimić is
different from one location to another. In the two years parasitoid activity is more intense on
the pupal stage in both locations. The highest levels of parasitic larvae are reported to the
second generation of larvae followed by the last generation.
Conclusion. Following the studies it was found that larvae and pupae of chestnut mining
moth may be affected somewhat by zoophagous entomofauna, especially by parasitoid
hymenoptera.
References
1. Ferracini, C., Alma, A. (2007), Evaluation of the community of native eulophid
parasitoids on Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic in urban areas, Environmental
Entomology Vol. 36 No. 5: 1147-1153.
173
THE PRESENT STATUS OF TRAFFIC NITROGEN OXIDES
POLLUTION IN CLUJ – NAPOCA
Ioan OROIAN1, Antonia ODAGIU1*, Ilie COVRIG2, Călin Ovidiu SAFIRESCU3
1
Cluj – Napoca, România.
1
Cluj – Napoca, România.
1
Doctoral School. Technical University,Cluj – Napoca, România
Keywords: air quality, traffic, urban areas.
Introduction. Assessing air quality in high urbanized areas and finding solution for most
important pollutants (NOx, CO, SO2, VOC, PM, O3 emissions) remains a challenge for
authorities and public in aimed areas. The harmful effects upon humans and environmental
health is the reason of all concerns. Lots of studies have been developed, in this area,
worldwide. Majority of these state that traffic is the most important source of air pollution in
crowded cities.
Aims. Establishing the status quo of NOx pollution status in Cluj – Napoca.
Materials and Methods. NOx air pollution was quantified during four months period (March
– June 2014), in four locations correspondent to high traffic and position of automatic air
quality monitoring stations placed by The Agency of Environmental Protection Cluj.
Parameters were monitored using a mobile equipment.
Results. The average values of the analysed parameters are different function of monitoring
point. We noticed statistically significant differences between monitoring points, but in all
cases the average concentrations are over the maximum admitted annual limit, 32 ppb,
respectively.
Conclusion. Further research and more intense concerns are needed from both public and
authorities, in order to diminish the nitrogen oxides quantity in environmental air.
174
MONITORING PHYSIOPATHIES DEVELOPMENT IN ORNAMENTAL
TREES LOCATED IN HIGH TRAFFIC URBAN AREAS
Narcisa PENEGHI1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Antonia ODAGIU1, Ilie COVRIG2
1
2
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,
Keywords: air pollution, correlations, nitrogen oxides
Introduction. In last decades, the use of ornamental trees as pollution monitoring agents
became a usual practice in urban areas, because of their sensitivity against different air
components in excess (e.g. ozone, sulphur, nitrogen, particulate matters, heavy metals, etc.)
expressed as development of physiopaties. In our country, few studies have been developed in
this area, and large scale practice of using urban ornamental trees as air quality biomonitors
has even fewer applications.
Aims. Study of the behaviour of several tree species usually used in ornamental aim within
towns against air pollution, and identifying developed physiopaties and their correlations with
air pollution sources.
Materials and Methods. The study was developed during a three months period (April –
June 2014) on linden, pine, thuja, and chestnut trees located in different high populated places
of Cluj – Napoca second town as population in Romania. Nitrogen oxides, and sulphur action
on trees foliar tissue was studied. Air quality data were collected with mobile monitoring
device, and foliar tissues were collected weekly. The observational monitoring was combined
with chemical monitoring. Data were statistically processed using IBM SPSS 20 Office.
Results. The observational monitoring emphasize the presence of physiopaties specific
symptoms on foliar tissue in majority of studied ornamental trees species. The laboratory
analyse confirm the presence of high nitrogen content in sampled foliar tissue from tree
species, especially in last part of the monitoring time interval. Strong correlations were
identified between nitrogen foliar content and air temperature in studied locations.
Conclusion. The development of physiopaties of the ornamental trees are strongly influenced
by environmental condition, air pollution mainly. This is also demonstrated by our study,
which confirms the sensitivity of linden, pine, thuja, and chestnut trees against nitrogen
oxides pollutant action.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
175
MONITORING OF THE CROPS PESTS OF FORAGE LEGUMES IN
THE AREA RACIU, MURES
Petru Mihai PUSTAI, Ion OLTEAN, Teodora FLORIAN, Ilonka BODIS
Faculty f Agriculture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
*
Keywors: pests, forage legumes, Medicago sativa.
Introduction. Special feature feature organic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and perennial
legumes is intensive farming and the activity fotosintetica high, which promotes natural
enemies appearance represented by diseases and pests (M.A. S. T. , 2013).
Aims. To identify pests of crops of perennial forage legumes.
Materials and Methods. For monitoring I have used colored traps, traps Barber type dry and
wet, these being placed in alfalfa and sparceta. Color palette of traps sticky consists of: white,
yellow, red, purple, blue, and green. Traps were changed at an interval of 2 weeks.
Results. investigations are under way, on the billboards of white color predominates insects
belonging to order Diptera and Hymenoptera and the colored insects predominate family
Heteroptera and Lepidoptera. Traps Barber price indicated in dominant species has been
Phosphuga Atrata.
Conclusion. In the case of traps, colored colored have the highest degree of efficiency, and in
particular those of white and yellow have had the largest effect on the capture populations of
pests of the order Diptera.
176
RESULTS REGARDING CONTROL OF SPECIES MONATHROPALPUS
BUXI GEOFF BY CAPTURING ADULTS WITH COLORED TRAPS
Cristina SOPORAN, Ion OLTEAN, Vasile FLORIAN and Teodora FLORIAN*
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj – Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords: captures, Monarthropalpus buxi Geoff., traps.
Introduction. Monarthorpalpus buxi Rubs. is a monophagus species. The larvae feed
exclusively on the leaves of: Buxus sempervirens L., Buxus roduntifolia, Buxus bullata, Buxus
nana, Buxus balearica (Brewer et al., 1984; Hrubik et al., 1998; Vamvakas et al., 2006).
Aims. Using colored traps in fight against Monarthropalpus buxi.
Materials and Methods. During the experimental period was check the preference of species
studied for colors: white, yellow, blue and green. For this purpose, during the flight of adults
were placed colored glued traps over Buxus senpenvirens bushes at a distance of 0.55 cm
between them at three different heights: 0 cm (at the plant); 0.50 cm; 1 m
Results. By capturing of the Monarthropalpus buxi adults with colored panels attack
frequency decreased at a rate of about 88% in 2012 (frequency of attacked leaf was 8.61%
compared to 70.78% in control) and 90% in 2013 (frequency of attacked leaf was 7.67%
compared to 77.36% in control).
It is noted that each year, in capturing adult version, along with a considerable reduction in
the frequency of the attack took place also a decrease of the intensity of the attack (number of
mines per leaf attack was much less).
Over three years of research, use of colored traps have captured 57 917 adults (17 917 in
2011, in 2012 we captured 21573 and 2013 we captured 18030). On the color types catches
percentage situation is as follows: 36.0% were on green panels; 33.6% were on yellow panels;
23.8% were on white panels; 6.6% were on blue panels.
Conclusion. To fight against Monarthropalpus buxi species can use adhesive green or yellow
traps.
References
1. Brewer J.W., Skuhravý V., Skuhravý M. (1984). Biology, distribution and control of
Monarthropalpus buxi (Laboulbène) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), Journal Zeitschrift für
Angewandte Entomologie, Vol. 97 No. 2: 167-175.
2. Hrubik P., Skuhravy V., Brewer J.W. (1998). Susceptibility of 10 taxa of boxwood
(Buxus ssp.) to attacks of the gall midge Monarthropalpus flavus Schrank, (M. buxi Lab.)
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in 8-year experiments, Journal Acta Horticulturae et
Regiotecturae, Vol. 1 No. 2: 33-35.
3. Vamvakas M., Kontodimas D.C., Milonas P.G. (2006). First record of Monarthropalpus
buxi in Greece and some data of its phenology, Entomologia Helenica, No.16: 22-26.
177
AMINO ACIDS IN BREWER’S YEAST INVOLVED IN HEAVY METAL
BIOSORPTION FROM WASTE WATER
Andreea STĂNILĂ1, Tania MIHĂESCU2*
1
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: amino acids, biosorption, heavy metals
Introduction. Yeasts of genera Saccharomyces are efficient biosorbents for heavy metal ions.
The aim of this study was to identify if amino acids present in brewer yeast are involved in
metal biosorption due to their capacity to coordinate metal ions.
Materials and Methods. As biosorbent was used non-living brewer’s yeast type
Saccharomices cerevisae at 0,5% yeast dose. Copper, lead and zinc solution of 1 mg/L
concentrations were prepared using their salts. The experiments were conducted at three pH
level (3.5; 5; 6). The amino acids were identified by HPLC chromatography and FT-IR
spectroscopy. The experiments were conducted by mixing metals solution with yeast and
shaken at a constant speed of 120 RPM at 20C for 120 minute. The samples were
centrifugated at 2500 rpm for 15 minute and the pellet were analysed for amino acids
identification. The amino acids extraction from pellets were performed using two solvent
types: HCl 0,05M/ethanol and HCl 0,05M/water. The HPLC analysis was performed using a
C-18 column and a mixture of K2HPO4 50mM/acetonitrile solution as mobile phase in
gradient conditions. The FT-IR spectra of samples extracts were recorded with Shimadzu IRPrestige spectrophotometer.
Results and discussions. The amino acids identified by HPLC method were Glu, Arg, Ala,
Gly, Lys, Hys, Met, Threo and their profile differs according with extraction solvent used and
the pH of the pellets. Best results were obtained with HCl/water system and the appropriate
pH for metal biosorption was 6. In the FT-IR spectra information about metal coordination
were obtained by comparing the IR amino acids frequencies from control extract with the
samples. The presence of shifted absorption band demonstrated the involvement of amino
acids by their NH2 and COOH groups in metals coordination.
Conclusion. In the present study we demonstrated that amino acids are involved in metal ions
biosorption. The pH of the samples and the solvent used for extraction are important for
amino acids identification and quantification.
Acknowledgement. This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of
Education, CNCSIS – UEFISCDI, PN-II-RU-PD-2012-3 - 0055”, nr. 47/30.04.2013
178
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CHANGES UPON PEST ATTACK
DEGREE IN OAK FORESTS
Constantin ŞULEA1, Ioan OROIAN1*, Ioan TĂUT2, Ilie COVRIG2,
Petru BURDUHOS1
1
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,Cluj – Napoca,
România
2
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,Cluj – Napoca,
România
Keywords: attack degree, precipitation regimen, temperature, Tortrix viridana.
Introduction. Supplying forest health is an important issue worldwide. This is due to both
important reasons. One is represented by the socio-cultural role of the forest and also by the
importance in assuring planet well-being. The second due to important threats against forest
existence and development, as uncontrolled deforestations and unappropriated strategies of
fighting against specific pests and pathogens in present conditions of climatic changes.
Aims. Identifying main threats produced by pathogens against oak forests in Transylvanian
climatic conditions, and identification of possible correlations between pests attack degree
evolutions, temperature and precipitation regimen.
Materials and Methods. Our research was located in an oak forest belonging to ICAS
Bistriţa (Lechinţa), with tree individuals aged more than 50 years. The experiment was
developed during a two years period, 2012 and 2013, respectively. In order to identify the pest
attack the observational monitoring was practiced. Climatic data were collected from regional
meteorological station. Data were weekly collected, and statistically processed using
STATISTICA v. 7.0 Office.
Results. Results obtained as consequence of our study emphasize that the most common, and
as direct consequence, important pest action in oak trees from studied region, was Tortrix
viridana. Strong correlations were identified between this pest and climatic conditions. It is
revealed by the results obtained concerning the attack degrees in dry and hot climate of 2012
compared with a less dry and more rich in precipitation weather during 2013. The averages of
the attack degrees were bigger in 2012 compared to 2013, and statistically significant.
Conclusion. The study of oak trees behaviour from mature forests against pathogens attack
degrees in a complex manner including climatic changes influence, represent an important
choice in finding appropriate solutions to long time healthy developmental strategies in
conditions of our country.
179
STUDY REGARDING TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A
TRADITIONAL ROOF AND GREEN ROOF
Mihaela Simona VARVARĂ1*, Manfred KÖHLER2, Mihai VOEVOD1
and Marcel DÎRJA1
1
University of Agricultural Sinces and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany
*
Keywords: environment, humidity, green roof, temperature.
Introduction. A roof garden’s primary purpose is to provide a place to be among or to view
plants (Osmundson, 1999). Moving from sustainability in general to “green construction” in
specific requires careful thought. Many “simple things to do to save the planet” require only
substituting “bad” products for “good” ones (Thompson, 2008).
Aims. This study aims is to prove that the air quality inside buildings can be improved by
installing green roofs. In this study the differences in temperature and humidity between a
green roof and a traditional roof were determined.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted on the Faculty of Applied Sciences
Neubrandenburg and lasted for 2 weeks (14.06.2014-27.06.2014). Eight, Data Logger
LOG32, devices were used to determine the temperature, humidity and dew point. The
collected data were statistically interpreted using SPSS. Maximum and minimum
temperature, humidity and dew point, were analyzed having as a reference point the
temperature recorded over a traditional roof.
Results. It was found that the temperature difference between the traditional roof and the
green roof is about 3 degrees. The maximal/minimal temperature and humidity were found for
both roofs on the 06/26/2014. These values were recorded at the reference point. A
temperature and humidity difference was also found by comparing the results from the LOG
32 placed on the floors of the building and on the green roof. The results show that in the
summer time, the temperature is cooler during the day and warmer at night.
Conclusion. The current paper demonstrates the following advantages of green roofs over
traditional flat roofs: a positive influence on the temperature and humidity inside a building
with green roofs, a positive influence over the environment by naturally cooling and/or
heating the interior of a building depending on the climatic conditions.
References
1. Osmundson T. (1999). Roof Gardens - history, design and construction, Edit: Norton &
Company, New York.
2. Thompson J. W. and Sorvig K. (2008). Sustainable Landscape Construction, Edit: Island
Press, Washington.
180
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN SOIL: EXPOSURE AND
HEALTH RISK
Ana VIRSTA, Mirela-Alina SANDU*
Faculty of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering, University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords: human health risk assessment, polychlorinated biphenyls, SADA software.
Introduction. Despite bans on PCB use since 1975 (open systems) and 1987 (closed
systems), these compounds have been found widespread in many environmental
compartments including soils, sediments and air (Zhou J.L. et al, 2001; Zhang Z. et al, 2008).
However, so far, existing PCBs were still used in many types of equipment as lubricant,
which may be potential sources of PCBs in environment. Soils are an important reservoir for
many contaminants. Pollutant levels in soils should be given more attentions due to their
potential risks to public health through inhalation, diet and skin exposure.
Aims. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the potential risks that PCBs pose to
human health applying the SADA software. The risk models follows the EPA's Risk
Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS) and can be customized to fit site specific
exposure conditions.
Materials and Methods. The study area, sample collection, and pretreatment, PCBs
extraction and analysis have been described in previous paper (Sandu M.A. et al, 2013).
Human Health Risk Assessment was performed using a risk model developed by the U.S.
EPA, called SADA software. SADA calculates the risk or hazard resulting from potential
exposure to chemicals via the pathways and routes of exposure appropriate determined for a
site.
Results. For the analysed area from the Municipality of Ploiesti the scenarios for residential,
recreate and industrial use of lands are relevant and the exposure pathways for soil include
accidental ingestion, inhalation and skin contact. Considering the development of the program
we can observe that there is no risk for human health for any of the exposure pathways in the
case of residential and recreate uses. A total risk of 1.3E-6 (warning) has been registered in
the case of industrial use for Total PCB compounds.
Conclusion. No inadmissible risks for the performed evaluations have been registered for any
of the analysed exposure pathways and land uses. It can be observed that, at high
concentrations of the determined persistent contaminants, the risk calculated by SADA is a
warning risk, for the industrial area, here the determined concentrations being at the alert
threshold.
References
1. Sandu M.A., Bica I., Virsta A., Preda M., Stan V.S. (2013). Persistent Organic
Contaminants in the urban and peri-urban area of Ploiesti city. AgroLife Scientific
Journal, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest,
Volume 1, No.1: 143-150.
2. Zhang Z., Liu L.Y., Li Y.F., Wang D.G., Jia H.L., Harner .T, Sverko E., Wan X.N., Xu
D.D., Ren N.Q., Ma J.M., Pozo K. (2008). Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in
181
Section 3: Food Science and Technology
WHO REPRESENTS PLANT SCIENTISTS AT EUROPEAN LEVEL –
HOW CAN YOU HAVE A SAY?
Karin METZLAFF
European Plant Science Organisation, EPSO, www.epsoweb.org
[email protected]
Keywords: EPSO Working Group on Basic Plant Sciences
Introduction. EPSO, the European Plant Science Organisation, ensures a future for plant
research in Europe. Evidence will be presented on the achievements of EPSO in the European
Framework Programmes 6 and 7 – you know the actions – do you know who invented them?
How can you get more involved? EPSO activities in the coming years most relevant for
Austrian scientists include examples such as:
● Foster inclusion of basic research in the Horizon 2020 Societal Challenge programmes /
projects
● Start and develop the EPSO Working Group on Basic Plant Sciences to support this at
European as well as national level
● Double the number of supporting scientists to increase interaction among EPSO members
● Start the EPSO Early Career Plant Scientists Network (limited to EPSO Institutional
members)
● ERC – could we extend the model to collaborative basic research across Europe for FP9 ?
182
POTENTIAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN FOOD
PROCESSING
Henry JAEGER
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna
Muthgasse 18, 1180 Vienna, Austria
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, cold plasma
Introduction. The development of emerging technologies in food processing addresses
specific consumer needs towards safe, healthy, and minimally processed foods. These
innovative processes also lead to environmentally friendly and sustainable food
manufacturing techniques with low energy requirements and reduced water use that overcome
some limitations given by current food processing practices.
Aims. The presentation aims to describe the basic principles of these non-thermal
technologies as well as the state of the art concerning their impact on biological cells,
enzymes, and food constituents. Current and potential applications will be discussed, focusing
on process-structure-function relationships, as well as recent advances in the process
development.
Materials and Methods. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP), pulsed electric fields (PEFs),
ultrasound (US), and cold plasma (CP) are used to exemplify scalable and flexible food
manufacturing techniques.
Results. In this presentation, the state of the art regarding the research and application of
these emerging technologies will be discussed and the potential of establishing new routes of
process and product development by interfacing food science and food manufacturing will be
demonstrated.
Conclusion. Understanding the impact and potential of such technologies on food systems at
the cellular level will enable the design of tailor-made foods and to establish processstructure-function relationships. Based on this knowledge, completely new process design and
the incorporation of HHP, PEFs, US, and CP in traditional processes, as well as the
generation of improved equipment design, will be possible.
183
DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RISKS DURING
THE WINEMAKING PROCESS
Christian von WALLBRUNN1*
1
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Hochschule Geisenheim University,
Germany
*
Keywords: bottling, fermentation control, microbial contaminations, quality control
Introduction. The winemaking process from grapes to the bottled product wine holds at
different points specific hygienic risks based on the presence of microorganisms.
Aims. The aim is to give an overview about the specific risks, the consequences and
approaches to prevent these risks at the different stages of production.
Materials and Methods. Grape production, grape processing, alcoholic fermentation, wine
ageing and bottling were checked using different microbiological, molecular and analytical
methods to get information about the stage specific risks and how to handle.
Results. Looking at the vineyard higher temperatures and high humidity during the end of
ripening and harvest lead to higher infection rates especially by fungi like Botrytis cinerea
and bacteria like acidic acid bacteria. In many cases gnaw marks from insects like wasps are
the reasons for these infections.
Also the spontaneous yeast flora on the grapes, on the cellar equipment and later on in the
processed grape juice is important for the resulting wine quality, not only in spontaneous
fermentations. This could be demonstrated by different yeast population studies combined
with experimental wines and chemical and sensorial analyses. Microscopes could be a smart
opportunity to control alcoholic fermentations and to get more information as the decreasing
sugar concentrations. An important tool to control microbiological activities in wine is the use
of SO2. But the effectiveness depends on the pH and could be a problem.
During the ageing and storage of wines especially in barriques different microorganisms
could be a problem because they produce off-flavours, for example yeasts of the genus
Brettanomyces.
And at the end during bottling there are different risks of contaminations by microorganisms.
Many contaminations are caused by false handling and could avoid by well trained staff.
Conclusion. For the wine industry it is import to know that at different production steps of
the winemaking process there are high risks of unwanted microbiological contaminations
which lead to non-marketable products. The knowledge of these risks, the potential
consequences and how to prevent these risks could help to avoid high financial losses.
184
STUDY OF MEAT FREEZING PROCESS BY INFRARED
THERMOGRAPHY AND DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY
Pedro José FITO1* and Marta CASTRO-GIRÁLDEZ1
1
Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo, Universidad
Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
*
Keywords: dielectric spectroscopy, freezing, infrared thermography
Introduction. Frozen process is an important preservation method widely implemented in
meat industry. The correct performance of this operation is essential for the maintenance of
quality of meat products intended for retail sale. The preservation of optimal quality attributes
is intrinsically related to the water transport phenomena occurred during freezing, particularly
to changes in the structural integrity of muscle tissue. Currently, meat industry emphasizes the
importance on ensuring an adequate control of temperature and cooling rate to certify the
quality and safety through processing. However, this control system is unreliable and useless
to know if the meat has undergone undesirable alterations during the freezing stage. To solve
these drawbacks, there is a growing tendency to implement non-destructive control methods
that allow us a better understanding of the food systems and the processes involved. Among
these new emerging non-contact techniques, the infrared thermography and the dielectric
spectroscopy have become popular due to its easy handling and its ability to provide useful
information at real time.
Aims. The aim of this research was to implement and validate the use of the infrared
technique and dielectric spectroscopy as a non-destructive control tools to monitor the
physicochemical phenomena that occurred during the freezing stage.
Materials and Methods. A thermal imager camera, with a spectral infrared range of
wavelength λ from 7.5 to 13µm, impedance analyser (40 Hz to 3 MHz) and a Net analyser
(500 MHz to 20 GHz) were used for controlling on line the freezing stage in pork. Meat
samples were frozen from room temperature to -20°C at a cooling rate of 1°C/min.
Results. During the meat freezing process, the liquid phase is concentrating and reduces the
melting temperature, this phenomenon causes a water chemical potential gradient producing a
water transport from middle to lateral side of meat, while the formation of ice (nucleation)
with high surface tension produces a water chemical potential, attracting water molecules,
producing a diffusion of water through the tissue (dehydration), forming large masses of ice
and increasing this term of water chemical potential. These phenomena change the
to control the state of the structure of the meat.
Conclusion:. The results obtained have demonstrated the existence of a chemical potential
gradient which caused an internal flux of water. In turn, as a result of nucleation phenomena
and the influence of the surface tension existent, a new water chemical potential gradient
appeared, leading to the displacement of water molecules towards the ice agglomerates. It was
demonstrated that the infrared technique and dielectric spectroscopy are a non-destructive
control tools to monitor the microstructural changes that occurred during the freezing process.
185
THE DRYING PROCEDURE: A CHALLENGE FOR STARTERS
PRODUCTION
THIRY C., DELVIGNE F., DESTAIN J., EVRARD P., KARENZI E., THONART P.
Université de Liège - Gembloux Agro-BioTech
Passage des Déportés, 2B-5030 Gembloux, Belgique
Keywords: starters production, casein peptone, spray drying, freeze-dried powders
Introduction. The different steps for starters production are the selection of the strains, the
production in fermenters, the centrifugation and the drying procedure.
In previous studies researchers have investigated the production of freeze-dried powders of
lactic starters. However, there are many disadvantages associated with this approach; freezedrying is time-consuming and expensive, there are high transport and storage costs associated
with frozen concentrated cultures, and the freeze-thaw process is associated with a loss of
culture viability. In comparison, spray drying, one of the predominant processing tools used in
the dairy industry, can be used to produce large amounts of dairy ingredients relatively
inexpensively; it has been estimated that the cost of spray drying is six times lower per
kilogram of water removed than the cost of freeze-drying. The spray dried powders can be
transported at a low cost. Parameters affecting the survival of lactic acid bacteria during
spray-drying include process airflow, configuration (cocurrent and countercurrent), outlet
temperature of spray-dryer, strain, carrier medium applied and its solids content and preadaptation of culture.
Aims. The aims of this study were (i) to examine the effect of different protectants on the
viability of the strain during spray drying and powder storage; (ii) to compare the results with
freeze-dried powders, (iii) to identify the mechanism of cells mortality.
Materials and Methods. The spray drying efficiencies are strongly variable according to the
protectant used. The casein peptone poses a technological problem, the powder is strong
sticking and agglomerate at the spray dryer walls, moreover this protectant is relatively
expensive. Thus if we need a powder having a cellular concentration higher than 1.1011cfu g-1,
the use of skimmed milk (RSM) is necessary. It is noted however that the RSM is a protective
frequently used and that it offers a certain effectiveness.
Results. Skimmed milk stabilizes the components of the cellular membranes and forms
protective coating around membrane proteins. During spray drying, cells undergo several
types of stress (thermal, osmotic, exposure to oxygen, dehydration), which lead to an increase
in the membrane permeability and thus to the intracellular release of the components in the
environment. The cytoplasmic membrane as well as the cell wall, the DNA and the RNA are
also affected.
Conclusion. The RSM makes it possible to obtain spray drying efficiencies higher than 50%
and to offer a percentage of survival during storage sufficient for a later industrial use. The
complete replacement of the RSM by a carbohydrate source (maltodextrin or gum arabic) and
a protein source generally damage the spray drying efficiencies and viability during storage.
186
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES
EXTRACT AGAINST LIPID PEROXIDATION IN CRUDE
VEGETABLE OILS
Sanda ANDREI, Andrea BUNEA, Elena Andreea POP*, Francisc V. DULF
and Adela PINTEA
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry,
Cluj-Napoca, ROMANIA.
*
Keywords: antioxidants, oil, peroxidation
Introduction. Vegetable oils are important constituents of human diet due to their high
content of essential nutritional factors. Lipid oxidation products which are toxic to the body
can be generated during the manufacturing processes or due to the inadequate storage
conditions.
Aims. In this paper we aimed to test the way that the carotenoid-rich extracts, obtained from
fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides, may protect crude oils (sunflower, pumpkin seeds, olive)
against oxidative processes.
Materials and Methods. In order to evaluate the effect of antioxidant carotenoids were
followed three stages: induction of lipid peroxidation processes in the presence of AAPH (2,2
'-azobis-amidinopropane dihydro-clorhidrat); determination of the level of lipid peroxidation
by quantifying the concentration of conjugated diene and malonyl dialdehyde (MDA);
evaluation of the profile of the fatty acids and the ratio between the saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids (UFA / SFA), using an GC-MS method.
Results. The main carotenoids present in the extract of sea buckthorn fruits are β-carotene
and zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin esters. In the case of sunflower oil was observed that sea
buckthorn fruit extract significantly decreased MDA concentration but does not significantly
reduce the concentration of conjugated dienes. The protective effect of carotenoids is more
evident in the case of oil from pumpkin seeds. In the olive oil, unlike the first two types of
oils, the carotenoids extract inhibit to a lesser extent, statistically insignificant, both the MDA
and the conjugated dienes formation. Overall, the ratio UFA/SFA decreases in crude oxidized
oils. In the oils in which carotenoids were added was observed an increase in the UFA/SFA
ratio.
Conclusion. Carotenoid extract rich in xanthophyll esters extracted from sea buckthorn fruits
possess a good antioxidant capacity, protecting vegetable oils against peroxidation processes
induced in the presence of AAPH.
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the grants of the Romanian national
Authority for Scientific Research CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-30721
187
INFLUENCE OF POLLEN, CHIA SEEDS AND CRANBERRIES
ADDITION ON THE SENSORY, PHYSICAL AND PROBIOTICS
CHARACTERISTICS OF YOGURT
Sorin APOSTU, Carmen POP, Romina VLAIC, Anca FĂRCAS, Ancuţa M. ROTAR,
Andrei OPREA and Delia GHICĂṢAN
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Address - 400372 - Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street, number 3-5,
Romania
*
Keywords: yogurt, lactic acid bacteria, chia seeds, bee pollen, cranberries
Introduction. The yoghurt, to be considered as a probiotic product, the Streptococcus
thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. Bulgaricus, as starter cultures, must be at a daily dose of
109 cfu/g and several authors have indicated that a minimal concentration of 10 6 cfu/g of a
product is required for a probiotic effect (Irkin and Eren, 2008). Bee pollen and chia seeds are
not only selected as a supplement for its technological and sensory properties, but also for its
nutritional benefits. Indeed, a noteworthy trend in recent times is the addition of prebiotics for
the improvement of the nutritional properties of yogurt and fermented dairy products (Zare et
al., 2011).
Aims. In this study, we investigate the effect of yogurt supplementation with 1% been pollen,
1,4 % chia seeds and 5,6% cranberries on growth of lactic acid bacteria and sensory properties
of the final product immediately and during storage for 21 days.
Materials and methods. The number of lactobacilli was determined on the MRS agar and the
number of streptococci was determined on M17 agar medium after 48 h, respectively 72h of
incubation. Sensory analyses of the samples as well as control sample were evaluated by 20
untrained panelists using a 9-point hedonic scale.
Results. During storage the average viable cell counts of L. bulgaricus decreased from
2.36x107 cfu/g on day 0 to 1.22x107 cfu/g on day 21, whereas, S. thermophilus decreased
from 33.96x107 cfu/g on day 0 to 16.06x107 cfu/g on day 21. Results showed that the yogurt
supplementation significantly improves the stability of the streptococci and lactobacilli, due to
the antioxidants and carbohydrates found in high quantity in supplements used.
Conclusion. Overall, on the basis of the microbial, physico-chemical and sensory properties
investigations, the results suggest that additions rich in polyphenolic compounds could be
potentially considered as a source of ingredients for yogurt supplementation.
References
1. Irkin R. and Eren U.V., (2008). A Research about Viable Lactobacillus bulgaricus and
Streptococcus thermophilus Numbers in the Market Yoghurts. World Journal of Dairy &
Food Sciences 3 (1): 25-28.
2. Zare F., Boye J.I., Orsat V., Champagne C., Simpson B.K., (2011). Microbial, physical
and sensory properties of yogurt supplemented with lentil flour. Food Research
International 44, 2482–2488.
188
COMPARATIVE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF OREGANO AND
ROSEMARY EXTRACTS, RELATED TO THEIR PHENOLIC
COMPOZITION
Florina BUNGHEZ1, Mihaela-Ancuta ROTAR1, Raluca Maria POP2,3, Florina
ROMANCIUC1, Florina CSERNATONI1,2, Florinela FETEA1, Zorita (Sconta)
DIACONEASA1, Carmen SOCACIU1,2*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Science,
Faculty of Food and Science Technology, 3-5 Mănăştur str., Cluj-Napoca.,
2
Center for Applied Biotechnology CCD-BIODIATEC, Proplanta Cluj-Napoca.,
3
University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca,Romania
Keywords: rosemary, oregano, antibacterial activity, phenolic profile, LC-QTOF-MS/HPLCDAD
Introduction. The development of natural antimicrobials that can be used for food
preservation received great attention in the past years, due to consumer’s awareness regarding
the natural diet and food additives with antimicrobial activity, more efficient than
conventional preservatives.
Aims. The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity (AMA) related to the
phenolic profile and content of rosemary and oregano in hydrophilic extracts.
Materials and methods. Dried oregano and rosemary, originating from Romanian flora, were
extracted using 15% plant in hot water (RE, OE). Both extracts were analyzed using UV-Vis
spectroscopy, FTIR, HPLC-DAD and LC–ESI(+)QTOF-MS. The total phenolic content
(TPC) was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. The AMA was determined by screening
the extracts against 5 strains of pathogens (Bacillus cereus, Staphilococcus aureus, Lysteria
monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli), using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion
method.
Results. The TPC for RE was 43.4 mg GAE/g DW and for OE 54.2 mg GAE/g DW. The
FTIR and UV-Vis spectra of OE and RE were similar. The UV-Vis spectra recorded intense
absorbtions in 220-280 nm, 330-420 nm regions, corresponding to phenolic acids, their
derivatives (flavones, flavonols). RE was characterized by higher amounts of flavonoids than
phenolic acids. The FTIR fingerprint spectral regions for both extracts were established in the
range 1400-1760 cm -1. By HPLC-DAD and LC–ESI(+)QTOF-MS, the major compound
identified in rosemary is kaempferol 3-O-glucoside with 9.1%. p-Coumaric acid ethyl ester, a
phenolic acid derivate was found in 3.28%. Oregano had 6,8-dihydroxykaempferol in large
percentage (4.53%), while a derivate of ellagic acid represented 2.12%. The AMA of oregano
and rosemary extracts was observed in case of Bacillus cereus G(+), OE was more active than
RE.
Conclusion. Hot water as solvent favorized flavonoid extraction. Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside
is the common compound identified in rosemary and oregano.Based on the phenolic profile
assessed, Bacillus cereus showed greater sensitivity for phenolic acids (m,o,p coumaric acid),
not for flavonoids. Also the high extraction temperature affected negatively the phenolics’
extraction from both plants.
189
PRELIMINARY DISCRIMINATION OF CHEESE ADULTERATION BY
FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY
Lucian CUIBUS1*, Ruben MAGGIO2, Vlad MURESAN3, Zorita DIACONEASA1,
Florinela FETEA1 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Department ofFood Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of
Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences,
National University of Rosario and Institute of Chemistry of Rosario Argentina.
3
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, cheese adulteration, cheese quality, food authenticity,
PLS
Introduction. A major concern for researchers, food industry and consumers is the
authenticity of cheese products. The progress in dairy technology and chemistry provided
opportunities for manipulation that are difficult to detect. According of the European
regulations, replacing, partially or totally, milk fat or protein with another origin is not
allowed.
Aims. The aim of this study was to describe a preliminary study to compare some traditional
Romanian cheeses and adulterated cheeses using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
Materials and Methods. For PLS model calibration (n=8)and validation (=6) sets were
prepared from commercial Dalia Cheese from different manufacturers by spiking with palm
oil at concentrations ranging 2-50 % and 5-40 %, respectively. Fifteen Dalia Cheese were
evaluated as external set.The spectra of each sample, after homogenization, were acquired in
triplicate using a FTIR Shimatsu Prestige 21 Spectrophotometer, with a horizontal diamond
ATR accessory with 1 reflection (PIKE Technologies) in the MIR region 4000-600 cm-1.
Statistical methods as PLS were applied using MVC1 routines written for Matlab R2010a
(Matlab, Mathworks Inc., Natwick, USA).
Results. As first step the optimal condition for PLS model were obtained using crossvalidation on the Calibration set. Spectral region in 3873-652 cm-1, mean centering of the
spectra, and 3 PLS-factors were stated as the best conditions and showed an R2value of
0.9338 and a relative error in the calibration of 17.2%.Then validation set was evaluated,
obtaining good recovery rates (108%) and acceptable dispersion of the data (20%). The curve
of actual vs. predicted values shows slope near to 1 and origin close to 0, with an R2 of
0.9695.When the external sample set was evaluated, samplesF19, F21, F22 and F24, showed
detectable levels of palm fats. Samples adulterated presented values ranging 3-20%
demonstrating the method could be used in real cases, with low adulterant content.
Conclusion. In this communication we report the development of a FTIR-PLS strategy to
reveal the adulteration of dairy products such as cheese Dalia. The results proved that FTIRPLS is a reliable non-destructive technique for a rapid quantification the level of adulteration
in cheese. The spectroscopic methods could assist the quality control authority, traders and
the producers to discriminate the adulterated cheeses with palm oil.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
190
STUDY ON PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENT OF SOME ROMANIAN
AND FOREIGN SOYBEAN VARIETIES
Daniela CENAN (PAŞC) 1*, Simona Elena IFRIM, Sevastiţa MUSTE1, Raluca REZI12,
Eugen MUREŞANU1 and Ioan HAŞ12
1
University of Agriculture Scienes and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
2
Agricultural Research & Development Station, Turda, Romania
*
Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: oil, protein, soybean, quality features, yield
Introduction. Worldwide, soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable protein
and oil supplying plant. Soybean proteins are important both for human food and animal feed
industry concentrated. In the last twenty years soybeans have become an irreplaceable product
for the food industry.
Aims. This paper presents the results of the yield capacity, protein and oil content of some
Romanian and foreign soybean varieties
Materials and Methods. 25 early and very early Romanian and foreign origin soybean
varieties.
During tests carried out through the soybean breeding program, the results were valued with
appropriate statistical methods, according with the characters followed. The quality analysis,
protein and oil content were valued with NIR analyzer, mark DICKEY JONES, type
INSTALLAB 600.
Results. Protein content was between 39 per cent and 43.9 per cent and for oil percentage
values were between 18.9 per cent and 21.8 per cent.
Conclusion. Romanian genotypes quality results are similar to those obtained for foreign
genotypes. These genotypes are adapted for climatic conditions in Transylvania area and meet
all the characteristics needed to obtain high yield and high quality features.
191
TRACEABILITY OF CAFTARIC AND COUTARIC ACIDS IN THREE
VARIETIES OF VITIS VINIFERA GRAPES DURING DIFFERENT
DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Carmen CHIRCU1, Sevastiţa MUSTE2*, Elena MUDURA2 Viorel MITRE3
and Otilia BOBIS4
1
S.C.Jidvei S.A. Blaj, Romania
Department of Food Products Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and
4
Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and
*
2
Keywords: development stages, phenolic acids, Vitis vinifera grapes
Introduction. Grapes are the most economically important fruit worldwide. Polyphenolic
compounds play an important role in the quality of grapes. From the non-flavonoid group, an
important part is represented by the hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives caftaric and coutaric
acids (Singleton et al., 1985). These compounds are important in fermentation process as they
are transformed in tartaric acid and caffeic or p-coumaric acid.
Aims. The polypohenolic profile for three varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes was determined by
HPLC; coutaric and caftaric acid determination being an important goal for this
determination.
Materials and Methods. Three different grape varieties cultivated in Blaj Region, Romania
were investigated for their polyphenolic profile during five development stages. Chardonnay,
Royal Maiden and Pinot Noir varieties were followed from the beginning of berry formation
until full maturity. All samples were analyzed on a Shimadzu equipment, using a reversedphase column, and acetonitrile and water as mobile phases. Caftaric and coutaric acids were
identified and quantified using standard compounds and the results were expressed as ppm.
Results. The HPLC-DAD analysis of different development stages of grape berries, reveal
two major phenolic acid derivatives: caftaric acid (10.3 min retention time) and coutaric acid
(14.1 min retention time). For Royal Mayden variety, the amount of these acids ranged
between 60.68-610.95ppm for caftaric acid and between 59.74-599.70ppm for coutaric acid.
Differences were observed between the three grape varieties also.
Conclusion. Caftaric and coutaric acids are the most important hydroxycinnamic acid
derivatives in Romanian grapes, no matter of the development stage, but depending of grape
variety.
References
1. Singleton V.L., Zaya J. and Trousdale E.K. (1985). Caftsric and coutaric acids in fruit of
Vitis. Phytochemistry. 25(9):2127-2133
192
BIOSYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES BY ALLIUM SATIVUM
Cristina COMAN1, Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1, Olivia-Dumitriţa RUGINĂ1, Pompei
Florin BOLFĂ2, Nicolae LEOPOLD3, Maria TOFANĂ1, Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Medicine, Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
3
Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords: gold nanoparticles, Allium sativum, HFL-1 cells, biosynthesis
Introduction. Gold nanoparticles are particularly attractive for their unique electronic and
optical properties. There is a continuous need for developing more and more refined protocols
for the synthesis of nanoparticles and recently biosynthesis of nanoparticles using different
plants, plant extracts, and microorganisms is gaining increased attention.
Aims. The aim of the study was to obtain gold nanoparticles by a green synthesis method
using garlic (Allium sativum) extract as reducing agent, to characterize the obtained
nanoparticles, and to perform some preliminary experiments regarding their citotoxicity and
cellular uptake.
Materials and Methods. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS
spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). The HFL-1 human lung embrionic cell line was obtained from American
Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA), the hydrogen tetrachloroaurate salt (HAuCl 4)
was purchased from Merck, and the Allium sativum was obtained from a home grown source.
The internalization of the cells inside the HFL-1 cells was assessed by confocal microscopy.
The concentration of HAuCl4 was 0.2 mM.
Results. Colloidal AuNPs were obtained by dropwise addition of Allium sativum aqueous
extract to HAuCl4. Different amounts of extract were used for the synthesis, namely 250, 500,
and 1000 μl. The obtained nanoparticles are spherically shaped with 15 nm mean diameters
and absorb light in the visible range at 543-544 nm. As shown by FTIR, the nanoparticles are
capped by protein molecules from the extract, which implies that the extract acts both as
reducing and capping agent. In vitro tests on human fetal lung fibroblast HFL-1 cells show
that the gold nanoparticles are internalised in the cell cytoplasm. Moreover, the MTT assay
shows that the cellular viability of the HFL-1 cells does not significantly decrease after 24
hours of treatment with the nanoparticles.
Conclusion. In the present work we report the biosynthesis of spherically shaped gold
nanoparticles with 15 nm diameters by reducing the tetrachloroauric acid by an Allium
sativum aqueous extract. The nanoparticles show no toxicity towards HFL-1 cells in the
concentration range obtained in our study and confocal microscopy shows that the gold
nanoparticles are internalized in the cell cytoplasm.
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority
for Scientific Research, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-TE-2011-3-0154.
193
COMPARATIVE LC-MS AND FTIR FINGERPRINTS OF TWO
PROMEN FORMULAS (POWDER AND MICROCAPSULES), AS FOOD
SUPPLEMENTS FOR PROSTATE DISEASES PREVENTION
Florina CSERNATONI1,2*, Carmen SOCACIU1, Raluca Maria POP2,3, Florina
ROMANCIUC1, Florinela FETEA1 and Floricuta RANGA1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manastur Street, ClujNapoca. 2Center for Applied Biotechnology CCD-BIODIATECH, Proplanta Cluj-Napoca.
3
University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes, 8,
*
Keywords: Promen, prostate food supplements, UV-VIS, FTIR, LC-MS
Introduction. In last years the prevalence of prostate diseases in America and Europe increased,
influenced by a wrong lifestyle and nutrition. Consequently, more concerns and care for healthy
solutions towards prostate metabolic alterations are noticed. Plant-derived food supplements
containing bioactive phytochemicals with targeted function in preventing and treating prostate
diseases (including cancer) are considered as ways to improve life quality.
Aims. To characterize and identify the bioactive compounds in 2 new formulas (PROMEN - as plant
powder mix and as microencapsuled product) using advanced techniques like UV-Vis spectroscopy,
FT-IR spectroscopy, and LC-(ESI +)QTOF-MS spectrometry.
Materials and Methods. Seven plants, e.g. nettle (Urtica dioica), green tea (Camellia sinensis), fluff
with small flowers (Epilobium parviplorum), pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) sunflower (Helianthus
annus) and lyophilized beer yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), sea buckthorn fruits (Hippophae
rhamnoides), tomato (Solanum licopersicum) were used to obtain two PROMEN formulas (powdered
and encapsulated gel). The PROMEN powder was obtained by mixing plant ingredients in different
ratios, while microcapsules were obtained using the same plants as aqueous extract, encapsulated by
gelling into a Ca-alginate matrix. PP and PM formulas were characterized comparatively by UV-VIS
and FTIR spectrometry and chromatography LC-QTOF-MS.
Results. Both formulas are rich in phenolic acid derivatives and flavonoid glucosides, as well
unsaturated fatty acids and sterols. The PM had the highest polyphenol content (188,2 mg GAE/ 100
ml) being aproximatively 2.5 times higher than PP. Based on FT-IR spectometry were identifed 8
area for isoprenoids, carbohydrates, amide and phenyl groups, aromatic domain and N-H bending
vibrations, bending vibrations N-H (amino acids), C=O stretching (aldehydes and cetones, esters) as
well to free fatty acids and glycerides, C-H stretching vibrations specific to CH3 and CH2 from lipids
and stretching vibrations of OH groups (from water, alcohols, phenols, carbohydrates, peroxides) for
PM while for PP only 3 area. By LC-QTOF (ESI+) MS analysis, 20-25 phenolic compounds were
identified and quantified using their specific ratios, expressed as peak intensity. Comparing the two
sample were identified more compounds in PM than PP. The most important compounds identified in
PM are: ferulic acid, (+)-Catechin 3-O-glucose, Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside,
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, oleic acid amide, heptadecanoic acid.
Conclusion. Comparing the two samples by spectometry and cromatography analysis, were identified
more rich in phenolic derivatives, polyphenols (flavonoid glucosides), fatty acids and sterols the
sample PM than PP. Combined UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and LC-MS can be
recommended as accurate, sensible and reliable tools to investigate food supplements fingerprints.
Acknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund, Human
Resources Development Operational Programme 2004-2020, project no. POSDRU//159/1.5/S/132765
194
ANALYSIS OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN VARIOUS FRUITS CULTIVATED IN
ROMANIA
Zoriţa DIACONEASA1*, Florica RANGA1, Dumitriţa RUGINĂ1, Loredana F.
LEOPOLD1 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Keywords: berries, polyphenols, ORAC, Vaccinum
Introduction. Berry fruits are a rich source of phenolic compounds that exhibit health
benefits. Phenolic compounds occur in berries mainly as a variety of conjugated forms,
mostly with sugars.
Aims. The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the phenolic content and antioxidant
potential in most common fruits consumed in Romania: blueberry, blackberries, raspberry and
cranberries.
Materials and Methods. Folin-Ciocalteu method has been used in order to evaluate total
phenolic content of analyzed berries. Antioxidant activity was determinate using ORAC assay
which measures the decrease of AAPH-radical level by the scavenging action of the
antioxidant substance. In addition, the vitamin C content and total tannins of the berries
extracts were determined using spetophomotmetric methods.
Results. The phenolic contents and antioxidant potential of analyzed berries did not varied
considerably. The highest amounts of TP and the strongest antioxidant activities were found
in blueberry and blackberries (678 GAE mg/100 g FW, 442 mg/100g FW respectively).
Vitamin C content was found in higher concentration in blackberries 12.1 mg/100 g FW while
the lower concentration was found in blueberry.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we evaluate the antioxidant potential of phenolic
compounds of four most common fruit consumed in Romania. All berries contain higher
levels of bioactive compounds such as polyphenol or tannins which are responsible for their
antioxidant potential. In conclusion, these fruits being highly recommended for daily
consumption.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Kohri S, Fujii H, Oowada S, Endoh N, Sueishi Y, Kusakabe M, Shimmei M, Kotake Y
(2009). An oxygen radical absorbance capacity-like assay that directly quantifies the
antioxidant's scavenging capacity against AAPH-derived free radicals. Anal. Biochem.
386 (2): 167–71
2. Zafra-Stone S., Yasmin T., Bagchi M., Chatterjee A., Vinson J. A., Bagchi D. (2007).
Berry anthocyanins as novel antioxidants in human health and disease prevention. Mol
Nutr Food Res, 51, 675-683.
195
ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF AQUEOS AND
ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS FROM URTICA DIOICA
Anca DICU, Claudiu URSACHI and Simona PERŢA-CRIŞAN
Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environment
Protection, 2 Elena Drăgoi street, 310330, Arad, Romania,
Keywords: aqueos and ethanol plant extracts, antiradical activity, free radical DPPH, nettle
leaves
Introduction. The oxidative stress is involved in a great variety of degenerative processes, syndrome
and diseases (diabetes, cancer, ateriosclerosis, Parkinson disease), nowadays are known over 1000
affections and diseases due to this. Now it exists an increased interest towards to consume of some
aliments or drinks based on plants containing flavonoids, catehins, flavones, whose biological active
action has been proved in preventing the accumulation of free radicals. [Mshelia, 2004; Bayraktutan,
2002] The effectiveness of antioxidants present in plants is their action synergism, each operating
according to similar or different mechanisms at various levels and the development of free radicals in
the body. To study the antioxidant activity of different preparations and antiradical were developed
numerous methods, results are measured in various ways.
Aims. In this paper are presented the antiradical properties of aqueos and alcoholic extracts of Urtica
dioica, plant which is harvested in Banat area, Romania. This plant has in its composition different
percentages of compounds with antioxidant properties (flavonoid, phenolic compounds and vitamins
E, C). The presence of the above mentioned compounds makes the alcoholic extracts to have
astringent anf hypoglicemiant properties. Due to the properties of the nettle leaves, these are
extensively used in the composition of various types of herbal tea, especially those intended for the
treatment of diabetes.
Material and method. The material studied was obtained aqueous and alcoholic extracts of different
concentrations of ethanol (50, 70, 96%). Working conditions for both types of extracts were identical,
the procedure applied being the classic: solid-liquid extraction with boiling at low tide 2 minutes.The
antiradical activity was measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging
assays and relate to activity of ascorbic acid. The spectrophotometric experiments were performed at
a wavelength of 571 nm. Antiradical activity of vegetal extracts, expressed as inhibition (%), was
related to the activity of ascorbic acid antiradical (Asc).
Results. Results demonstrates that the extract has compounds with antioxidant properties and
antiradical depends on the ratio of polar/non-polar phases and correlation of this report with the
chemical nature of the antioxidant compounds. Based on the obtained results it could be concludedthat
all extracts are showing radical scavenging activity, comparative with activity of ascorbic acid, which
is an enshrined antioxidant.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that the extracts of nettle leaves have
small antiradical activity, but comparable to that of ascorbic acid. Reporting to other extracts, extract
is highlighted in 96% alcohol with highest antiradical activity, but less than the reference.
References
1. Bayraktutan, U., 2002, Free radicals, diabetes and endothelial dysfunction, Diabetes Obes. Metab.,
4; 224-38
2. Miliauskas, G., and colab., 2004, Screeining of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and
aromatic plant extracts; Food Chemistry, vol. 85 (2);
3. Mshelia, D.S., 2004, Annals of African Medicine, vol. 3, no. 2; 55-62
196
MEAT SALTING BY VACUUM IMPREGNATION TECHNOLOGY
Anca DICU1, Claudia MUREŞAN1 and Claudiu URSACHI1*
1
Department of Natural Sciences and Technology. University ,,Aurel Vlaicu” Arad, Romania.
*
Keywords: meat, salting, vacuum impregnation
Introduction. Salting meat is one of the oldest treatments in food preservation and also e
preliminary operation to different meat products. Vacuum impregnation of porous materials is
a process that allows the air from intercellular spaces of plant tissues to be rapidly replaced
with the solution for impregnation. (Salvatori and all 1999).
Aims. The aim of this work was to study if wet salting of meat by vacuum impregnation is an
alternative method in meat processing with the benefits of a faster process. Also ware studied
the factors that can influence the process, in order to achieve their optimization.
Materials and Methods. Fresh refrigerated pork muscle pieces from different anatomical
regions were used. The influence of vacuum period, vacuum pressure, sample thickness, and
brine concentration on weight changes and natrium chloride content was studied. The vacuum
impregnation equipment consisted in a vacuum pump and a vacuummeter, connected to a
vacuum desiccator.
Results. Weight decreases: at the end of the process at all the samples. In the case of the brine
vacuum impregnation the changes were lower than for dry salting.
The use of vacuum impregnation method implies a faster salting process.
Vacuum period duration: the total amount of brine gained by the sample is strongly dependent
on the period of time that they are submitted to vacuum pressure. This period is important
because is necessary to eliminate the gas faze from the sample.
Conclusion. Three different salting methods (dry salting, wet salting by brine immersion and
brine vacuum impregnation) were compared. Process variables assayed were sample
thickness, type of meat, vacuum pressure, vacuum period duration and brine concentration.
These variables showed an important influence on meat weight changes and in salt content of
meat samples. Meat salting using the vacuum impregnation technology implies a reduction in
salting time compared with the other two.
References
1. Chiralt A., Fito P.,. Barat J., Andrés A. (2001). Use of vacuum impregnation in food
salting process, Journal of Food Engineering, 49, (2-3): 141-151.
2. Salvatori, D., Andres, D., Chiral,t A., Fito, P., (1999). The response of some proprieties of
fruits to vacuum impregnation. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 21, 59-73.
197
EVALUATION OF BIOFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS CONTENT
FROM BREWED COFFEE
Anca C. FĂRCAŞ1, Sonia A. SOCACI1*, Anamaria POP1, Maria TOFANĂ1 and
Sevastiţa MUSTE1
1
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords: antioxidant, coffee, caffeine, flavonoids, phenolics
Introduction. Coffee, one of the most popular beverages worldwide, is an infusion of ground,
roasted coffee beans. The popularity of coffee consumption is due to its characteristic taste
and aroma, but also to its content in biological active compounds: alkaloids (caffeine),
phenolics, vitamins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, nitrogenous compounds (Higdon and
Frei, 2006). Recent studies have associated a moderate coffee consumption with potential
health benefits by lowering the risk of several chronic diseases (Maranhao et al., 2003).
Aims. Evaluating the content in total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, caffeine as well as the
antioxidant activity of coffee samples from local market.
Materials and Methods. Coffee samples from Arabica, Robusta and blended coffee were
purchased from the same manufacturer. The quantification of total phenolic compounds was
achieved by Folin-Ciocalteu method, while the flavonoids content was determined using a
chromogenic system of NaNO2–Al(NO3)3–NaOH based spectrophotometric method. The
caffeine was extracted from brewed coffee samples with chloroform and then was directly
analyzed by measuring the absorbance of the solvent solution at 260 nm. The antioxidant
capacity of each coffee sample was assessed by evaluating their radical scavenging activity on
DPPH radical.
Results. Even though Arabica coffee variety is appreciated for its fine aroma profile, Robusta
variety has proved to be richer in phenolic compounds, flavonoids and caffeine. The larger
amount of compounds with antioxidant properties found in Robusta brewed coffee was also
confirmed by the obtained antioxidant capacity values. Thus, the radical scavenging activity,
in the case of Robusta variety, was of 43.63% compared with 36.18% for Arabica variety.
Conclusion. The content in biofunctional compounds as well as the antioxidant capacity of
different brewed coffee samples was assessed. According to the obtained results, beside the
caffeine intake, coffee is a valuable source of antioxidants.
References
1. Higdon J.V. and Frei B. (2006). Coffee and Health: A review of recent human research.
Crit Rev Food Sci. 46:101-123
2. Maranhao, M., Lima D.R., Ramires J.F. (2003). Coffee heart study. Proceedings of the
International Seminar on Coffee and Health 55-61
198
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF QUALITATIVE
PARAMETERS FOR EGG POWDER
Roxana GAVRIL (RAŢU)1 and Marius Giorgi USTUROI
1
Department of Management of Animal productions, University of Agricultural Science and
Veterinary Medicine ,,Ion Ionescu de la Brad” from Iaşi, Romania.
*
Keywords: quality, storage, packing
Introduction. The current paper is focused on the quality indexes of integral egg powder
stored in different microclimate conditions.
Aims. Failure of temperature and air moisture content leads to depreciation of egg powder
quality in a more accelerated way than at eggs. From those reasons we aimed to study the
evolution of qualitative parameters during storage in different environmental conditions.
Materials and Methods. Were constituted 3 batches (Lc-egg powder packed in polyethylene
bags stored at +4˚C şi M.C. = 80%; Lexp-1 egg powder packed in polyethylene bags stored at
+22÷32˚C, M.C. = 50÷70% and batch Lexp-2 egg powder packed in paper bags stored in the
same conditions as batch Lexp-1). Were tracked the sensorial characteristics of the product,
solubility and pH value. In addition with those determinations were effectuated a series of
chemical analysis, tracking water content which was determined bydrying stove, dry matter
(%)and content in mineral substances (mg/100g) which was determined through atomic
absorption spectrometric method (AAS) with a GBC-AVANTA spectrophotometer type.
Results. The first observed modifications, after sensorial control, were mentioned in the 90 th
day at batch Lexp-2 which presented modifications of aspect and consistency (instable
agglomerations). Regarding pH value this one suffer modifications during those 180 days of
storage, the recorded values at final being higher with 1.84% at batch Lc, 8.91% at batch
Lexp-1 and with 10.38% at batch Lexp-2. Solubility at the end of those 180 days of storage
recorded values lower with 1.10% at batch Lc, with12.27% at batch Lexp-1 and with 26.87%
atbatch Lexp-2 in comparison with the specific values of fresh product. Regarding the
chemical content of analysed product, experimental factors influenced only water content
respectively the dry matter content, determinations being made on mineral substances (Fe, Zn,
Ca, Mg).
Conclusion. In conclusion we can say that the failure of pack type and of microclimate
factors assured during storage leads to depreciation of the product in a quite short time.
199
CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROMANIAN
WINES BASED ON ELEMENTAL AND ORGANIC FINGERPRINTS
COUPLED WITH CHEMOMETRICS
Elisabeta-Irina GEANA1,2*, Andreea Maria IORDACHE1, Roxana Elena IONETE1 and
Camelia BALA2
1
National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, ICIT Rm. Valcea,
Romania.
2
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Romania
Keywords: chemometrics, classification, fingerprint, wine
Introduction. In recent years, consumers have been increasingly interested in information on
the characteristics and the quality of foods they consume especially with regard to
composition, nutritional properties and origin (Versari et al., 2014). In the case of wines,
meticulous controls are required to assess factors (e.g., geographical origins, grape varieties,
vintages and oenological practices) as a way for guarantee of the product in terms of
naturalness and authenticity.
Aim. Wines originating from different geographic areas of Romania were characterized in
terms of their elemental composition and some organic compounds, to highlight potential
origin and variety markers.
Materials and Methods. Elemental determinations were done by ICP-MS and F-AAS
techniques after microwave acid digestion of the wine samples. Chromatographic analyses
were performed by HPLC without any particular treatment of the samples, except filtration
through membrane filters.
Results. By multivariate analysis based on the concentration of chemical parameters, it was
possible to discriminate wines from the major wine-producing regions in Romania. The best
results for the identification of the sample origin were achieved with the following
parameters: Ba, Be, Cr, Li, Mg, Na, Mn, Ag, Co and Sr as inorganic variables and (+)catechin, (−) epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and resveratrol as organic variables
(Geana et al., 2013, Geana et al., 2014).
Conclusion: Our results show that wine geographical origin and variety may be distinguished
based on elemental analysis coupled with polyphenol content. This methodology can be
applied for classification of unknown wine according to geographical origin.
References
1. Geana I., Iordache A., Ionete R., Marinescu A., Ranca A. and Culea M. (2013). Food
Chem.138: 1125–1134.
2. Geana E.I., Marinescu A., Iordache A.M., Sandru C., Ionete R.E. and Bala C. (2014).
Food Anal. Methods, DOI 10.1007/s12161-014-9846-2
3. Versari A., Laurie V.F., Ricci A., Laghi L. and Parpinello G.P. (2014). Food Res. Int. 60:
2–18.
200
FAMILY FARMS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR FOOD SECURITY
Mihaela KRUSZLICIKA1, Vergina CHIRIŢESCU1* and Daniela Ruxandra ANDREI2
1
Romanian Academy. Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romania
2
Romanian - American University, Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords: agriculture, family farm, food security
Introduction. Food security involves primarily: production of food products, sufficient volume,
structure and quality to meet the food needs of the population throughout the year, thus ensuring
to obtain high quality products; accessibility of the necessary food for the entire population,
including the disadvantaged, combining the criteria of equity, with economic efficiency in the
production and distribution of food, tending to continuously raise efficiency; obtaining food
products as complex nutritional quality clean and aligned to international standards. Currently,
worldwide there are over 500 million family farms, which are the predominant model in
agriculture and the leading provider of food both in developed countries and the developing ones.
Family farms can play an important role in the safety and food security by increasing food
availability in poor countries, preservation of traditional products, ensuring the transition to a
more healthful diet, etc.
Aims. This paper aims to bring more knowledge regarding the concept of food security and to
identify the role of family farms in this process. United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization estimated that food production will be increased in 2050 by 60%. Under present
conditions, much of this growth should come from the family farms in developing countries.
Materials and Methods. Data to be retrieved and processed in this work will come from the
international literature and the official websites of international institutions empowered (FAO,
EUROSTAT, etc.). As research methods will be used bibliographic synthesis (basic research),
statistical methods for quantitative analysis and qualitative methods for evaluation indicators.
Results. According to the FAO, 80% of agricultural land are owned by small farmers (each
working up to 10 hectares). While 75% of the food we consume is generated by 12 plants and five
animal species, family farms preserves species resistant to climate change. Food needs satisfaction
of the population depends not only on the existence of food availability, but also the solvent
demand of the population, and therefore the size of the raw product supply cost level. Currently
food costs exceed 50% of the income of the population. Such a situation constitutes a brake on the
development of the internal market and a main barrier to economic growth. Global food security
is measured by two fundamental indicators, namely: production of wheat and corn stocks. Wheat
is the most effective parameter because for half of the energy needs of a man and is less
perishable like fruits and vegetables can be stored long term.
Conclusion. Multidimensional nature of food security, just as the fight against poverty, requires a
good correlation between the various sectors - agriculture, trade, infrastructure, health - and the
variety of intervention levels - local, national and international levels.
References
1. Chiriţescu Vergina, Kruzslicica Mihaela, Gavrilă Viorica, Sandu Mariana, Tănase Lavinia
Lăcrămioara. (2011). Concepts of safety and food security in the context of sustainable
development. Scientific Paper Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and
Rural Development, Vol. 11 / 2011: 35-41.
2. Stan Alina. (2014). Securitatea alimentară depinde de fermele de familie. Câţi bani alocă
România (Food security depends on family farms. How much money allocated to Romania),
www.wall-street.ro. February 27, 2014.
201
SERS AND CELLULAR BIOCOMPATIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF PEG
AND BSA COVERED GOLD NANOPARTICLES
Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1,2*, Zoriţa Maria DIACONEASA1 ,Cristina COMAN1,
Oana Maria BUJA3, Nicolae LEOPOLD3 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
2
Center of Research and Technology Development, S.C. PROPLANTA S.r.l. , Str. Trifoiului
nr. 12G, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords: cell cultures, gold nanoparticles, SERS
Introduction. The cellular biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) depends on the
physical dimension and shape, the surface-bound stabilizing ligands, and left-over chemicals
from the synthesis in the colloidal solution.
Recently, we reported a one-step synthesis method for GNPs using polyethylene glycol (PEG)
as reducing and capping agent [1]. Depending on the mixing order of the reagents GNPs with
different size, between 10-50 nm, and geometry were obtained. PEG is a nontoxic and
hydrophilic polymer that is commonly used to improve drug biocompatibility and systemic
circulation, being thus a favored biopolymer for modifying the GNPs surface.
Aims. In this study, we evaluate the cellular biocompatibility of GNPs of PEG 200 covered
nanoparticles. Moreover, we use bovine serum albumin (BSA) to modify the surface of the
metal nanoparticles, in order to obtain a higher stability in the cellular medium.
Materials and Methods. Viability and internalization experiments were conducted on HeLa
(human cervical tumor) and A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells)
cell line. The cellular viability was assessed by using the MTT assay. For evaluation of the
cellular internalization, fluorophores with protein affinity were used.
Results. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity of the newly synthesized
GNPs was assessed using different test analytes, and a comparable SERS activity to
conventional GNPs was found. A concentration dependent cytotoxic effect of GNPs on the
cells was found. Confocal microscopy of HeLa cells treated for 24 h with R6G conjugated
GNPs revealed the internalization of GNPs in the whole cell.
Conclusion. PEG covered colloidal GNPs show a high SERS enhancement activity. The IC50
value was reached at a concentration of 9x10-7 M of the GNPs. The internalisation
experiments showed a dispersion of GNPs in the whole cell.
Acknowledgements. Support from UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-PD-2012-3-0283 is
highly acknowledged by L.F.Leopold. Z.M. Diaconeasa thanks for support from European
Social Fund, Human Resources Development Operational Programme, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. N. Leopold, et al, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,
436, 133 (2013).
202
QUALITY CONTROL AND SENSORIAL ANALYSIS OF HONEYBASED FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTS
Adela LUCA1 and Laura STAN1*
1
Department of Food Science and Technology,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: honey, functional foods
Introduction. Honey is consumed mainly during cold season, due to its well known
therapeutical value. Hence, there are people who dislike it due to its sweet taste. Special
honey-based products with different aromatic plants were created to obtain functional
products with specific taste and aroma and healthy beneficial effects.
Material and Methods. The main objective of this paper was quality control of three honeybased functional foods: honey with coffee (Cf), honey with cinnamon (Sc), honey with
caraway (Ch). Honey sample (H) used as base for preparation of the products was also
analysed. Physico-chemical analysis performed for these products were: moisture, pH and
free acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural according to the methods of the International Honey
Commission, 2002. Total polyphenols were determined by Folin Ciocalteu method and
radical scavenging activitywas evaluated by DPPH method. Consumer’s preference was
evaluated by hedonic test on a 9 point scale.
Results. Results have shown that the moisture, pH and free acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural of
honeysample were according to European Directive 2001/110/EC. Total polyphenols
increased from 43mg gallic acid/100g honey in sample H to an average of 250 mg gallic
acid/100 g product in the functional honey-based products. Antioxidant activity of
commercially products was higher 3-7 times compared to honey. Hedonic test proved high
appreciation of the products with scores above 7.
Conclusion. In conclusion, addition of various plants or extracts to honey might increase the
consumption of honey during other seasons even to non-consumers. The products have real
functional properties duet o increased polyphenolic content and enhancedantioxidant effect.
References
1. Bogdanov S.(2002). Harmonised methods of the Interntional Honey Commission, Swiss
Bee Research Centre Commission
2. EC 110/2001, Jurnalul Oficial al Comunității Europene: Directiva 2001/110/CE a
Consiliului din 20 Decembrie 2001 privind mierea, vol.33, 107-112.
3. Meda A., Lamien C.E., Romito M., Millogo J., Nacoulma O.G.(2005).Determination of
the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their
radical scavenging activity, Food Chemistry, 91, 571-577;
4. Singleton V. L., Orthofer R., Lamuela-Raventos Rosa (1999).Analysis of Total Phenols
and Other Oxidation Substrates and Antioxidants by Means of Folin Ciocalteu Reagent,
14, 152-178
203
THE IMPACT OF PRE-FERMENT MACERATION TECHNIQUES ON
WINE CHARACTERISTICS
Ancuţa MOLDOVAN, Elena MUDURA* and Teodora Emilia COLDEA
Medicine, Mănăştur Str., No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: pre-fermentation maceration, Merlot cultivar, yeast cells, colour
Introduction. Due to their complex composition, red grapes are subjected to macerationfermentation in the obtaining process of wine as an important stage for the natural pigments
and aroma compounds extraction.
Aims. The purpose of this paper was experimenting the three pre-fermentation maceration
techniques in order to obtain a wine with improved characteristics.
Materials and Methods. For the experiment there were used red Merlot grapes. The grapes
were removed from its cluster and then crushed and undergone through the fermentation
maceration process by using three different procedures. The first sample was macerated using
microwaves at 650 W for 15 minutes. The second sample was macerated by heating the grape
grains at 70 ⁰C for 20 minutes. The third sample was subjected to classical macerationfermentation technique for 7 days at 20 ⁰C. During the process of maceration and
fermentation all the samples were monitored considering the yeast cell number and alcoholic
concentration. The wines obtained were evaluated in terms of colour, by spectrophotometric
method.
Results. The evaluation of technological index, as the evolution of the yeast cells and of the
fermentation parameters from the three samples indicates that the most advantageous
fermentation procedure from both points of view is classical maceration-fermentation. Wine
obtained by classical maceration-fermentation technique showed a net red shade.
Conclusion. The spontaneous yeast viability was highlighted by applying the pomace
fermentation maceration. The activity of inoculated yeast was favored by high temperature
applied in thermo-maceration process. Best alcohol potential was obtained by applying
thermo-maceration but with an input of selected yeasts.
204
MOLECULAR COCKTAILS FORTIFIED WITH BIOACTIVE
COMPOUNDS AND MICROENCAPSULATED PROBIOTIC
BACTERIA
Mihaela Ancuţa MOLDOVAN, Dan Cristian VODNAR*, Oana Lelia POP and
Carmen SOCACIU
Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of
*
Keywords: molecular cocktails, bioactive compounds, probiotic bacteria, microencapsulation
Introduction. Cocktails are mixed beverages, obtained throughout the combination of a
diversified mix of alcoholic or non-alcoholic ingredients, known since ancient times for
offering a state of wellbeing and euphoria in the company of friends and to honor the events
of our everyday life.
Aims. The aim of this work was to characterize natural bioactive compounds used in
molecular cocktails formulation and to realize a kit, used in the purpose of obtaining
molecular cocktails
Materials and methods. To fingerprint the bioactive compounds UV-Vis spectroscopy was
used followed by HPLC characterization of extracts. The targeted compounds were phenolic
acids and antocians. As antioxidant method we used DPPH method for the proposed extracts.
L.casei- probiotic strain was microencapsulated in alginate matrix.
Results. It was developed a molecular kit model, composed of Sodium alginate, Calcium
lactate, agar agar, xanthan gum, methylcellulose, glow mix and color mix, which represent the
polymers responsible for obtaining the unexpected shapes of the beverages. In the same time
were accomplished a series of tests for highlighting the bioactive compounds from the
vegetable matrix most frequently used at obtaining cocktails. Also were studied the protein
coating microencapsulation of the probiotic bacteria, keeping them active also in the alcoholic
beverages. All these research aim as a final result the enrichment and diversity of the classical
cocktail features.
Conclusion. With the help of this kit, the molecules of the combined liquids are decomposed
and recombined in other forms than the ones known until now. In other words, the bevereges
are not just simply mixed, but it is aimed to obtain combinations of cocktails in the form of
food, but which do not lose their beverege features.
Acknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of project no. PN-II-PTPCCA-2013-4-0743.
References
1. Abou-Ganim Tony, 2010, The Modern Mixologist: Contemporary Classic Cocktail,
Surrey Books, p.15-80.
2. This Herve, 2013, Molecular Gastronomy. Exploring the Science of Flavor, Columbia
University Press, p.15-40, p.115-140.
205
ASPECTS AND APPLICATIONS OF HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING
IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Mircea-Valentin MUNTEAN1*, Ovidiu MARIAN1, Giorgiana CATUNESCU1, Victor
BARBIERU1, Ioan DROCAS1
1
Department of Technical Sciences and Soil Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and
*
Keywords: High pressure, food quality, food processing, non-thermal preservation
Introduction. High-pressure processing (HPP) is a non thermal technique for food preservation that
inactivates harmful pathogens and vegetative spoilage microorganisms by using pressure rather than
heat to effect pasteurization. HPP utilizes intense pressure (about 400–600 MPa) at chilled or mild
process temperatures (<45°C), allowing most foods to be preserved with minimal effects on taste,
texture, appearance, or nutritional value. Pressure treatment can be used to process both liquid and
high-moisture-content solid foods. Although lethal to microorganisms, pressure treatment does not
break covalent bonds and has a minimal effect on food chemistry. On the other side, HPP provides a
means for retaining food quality while avoiding the need for excessive thermal treatments or chemical
preservatives. High-pressure processing is also referred to as high-hydrostatic pressure processing
(HHP) or ultra-high-pressure processing (UHP) in the literature.
Aims. High pressure has small effect on low-molecular-weight compounds such as flavor
compounds, vitamins, and pigments compared to thermal processes. Therefore, the quality of HPP
pasteurized food is very similar to that of fresh food products. The quality throughout shelf life is
influenced more by subsequent distribution and storage temperatures and the properties of the
packaging rather than by the pressure treatment. This article provides an overview on current
technology status.
Materials and Methods. The high-pressure processing use in commercial production of foods
product is on the rise. It provides food processors an opportunity to preserve foods and it is the process
of choice for applications where heat pasteurization would adversely affect product quality. Le
Chatelier’s principle say that any phenomenon (phase transition, change in molecular configuration,
chemical reaction) accompanied by a decrease in volume is enhanced by pressure.
Therefore, due to pressure differences that occur from the difference between the compressibility of
air and water, unless the food is perfectly elastic, the food will not return to its original size and shape.
Although microbial inactivation HPP principles have been known since the late 1800s (Hite, 1899), it
could evolve only in the last 20 years only after relatively recent innovations in mechanical
engineering, which allowed construction at a price of reasonable cost of high pressure vessels with
sufficient durability to withstand thousands of pressure cycles without damage.
Results. The temperature increase of food materials under pressure is dependent on factors such as
final pressure, product composition, and initial temperature. The temperature of water increases about
3°C for every 100 MPa pressure increase at room temperature (25°C). On the other hand, fats and oils
have a heat of compression value of 8–9°C/100 MPa, and proteins and carbohydrates have
intermediate heat of compression values.
Conclusion. More research is needed to characterize the combined pressure-thermal resistance of
pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms as a function of the food matrix, pH, and water activity.
Standardized reporting of process conditions, equipment, and microbial techniques utilized are needed
in developing a comprehensive database of inactivation kinetics. Additionally, molecular level
mechanistic studies are essential for improving our understanding of combined pressure-thermal
treatment effects on microorganisms. The extent and mechanisms of bacterial injury during highpressure pasteurization and sterilization merit further investigation.
206
TEXTURE AND STABILITY OF SUNFLOWER HALVA PRODUCED
FROM DIFFERENT PARTICLE SIZE TAHINI
Vlad MURESAN*1, Lucian CUIBUS2, Anna OLARI1, Emil RACOLTA1,
Carmen SOCACIU2, Sabine DANTHINE3, Sevastita MUSTE1 and Christophe
BLECKER3
1
2
Food Science Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of
3
Food Science and Formulation Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege,
Belgium
*
Keywords: halva, tahini, stability, texture, sunflower
Introduction. Sunflower halva is an appreciated product, but shows currently a quality below
the expectations of the new generation of consumers, having a hard texture and oil exuded on
the surface (low stability).
Aims. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of tahini particle size on sunflower
halva texture and stability.
Materials and methods. Eight, different particle size sunflower tahini samples were
produced at pilot plant scale, the higher the number of passes through the colloidal mill, the
smaller the particle size (P1- coarsest → P8 - finest). Tahini samples particle size were
assessed by laser diffraction. Halva prototypes (25g / piece), including also an industrial
sample (H0), were obtained at laboratory scale by mixing the nougat with tahini. The texture
was evaluated on a Stable micro systems TA. HD Plus texture analyzer equipped either with a
cylinder probe (P/0.5, Φ½", Derlin) or a blade set. All samples were stored for 60 days at 4°C,
room temperature (25+3°C) or 40°C. During storage the colloidal stability of all samples was
assessed by a gravimetric technique.
Results. Tahini samples P6 → P8 were not suitable for halva production while due to the low
viscosities, the product was impossible to be shaped. Among obtained sunflower halva
prototypes (H1 → H5) it was shown that decreasing tahini particle size decreased sunflower
halva hardness and stability. For each sample, the increase of storage temperature, decreased
sunflower halva stability.
Conclusion. Sunflower halva H3 was the most efficient, while was more stable and showed
smaller hardness values than H0.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
207
METODS FOR ANALASING ORGANIC ACIDS FROM GRAPES AND
WINES
Marius NICULAUA1*, Bogdan C-tin NECHITA2, Gheorghe ODĂGERIU2, Florin
VĂRARU1, Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU1 and Valeriu V. COTEA2
1
2
Department ofHorticulture – Oenology. USAMV Iasi, România.
Research Centre for Oenology. Romanian Academy – Iasi branch, România.
*
Keywords: grape, liquid chromatography, organic acids, wine
Introduction. For the analysis of wines acids in the early 90s several methods has been
realised, but it is not yet known an exhaustive study on various issues relating to the organic
acids in wines or grapes and how they are influenced by various treatments as well
(Niculauaet al., 2010).
Aims. The development of efficient separation methods that can be used both for the analysis
of organic acids in the wine and grapes.
Materials and Methods. The grapes and wines varieties are: Zghihară, Fetească regală,
Fetească albă, Grasă de Cotnari, Tămâioasă românească, Busuioacă de Bohotin, Băbească
neagră, Fetească neagră, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon were analysed.
We have used as a platform in developed of method the methodologies presented in the OIV
compendium (*** OIV, 2014).
For the analysis of acids, samples were processed on a Shimadzu HPLC consisting of: two
pump with degasser, auto injector, column oven, diode array detector, PC controller.
The extraction of acids was made on activated charcoal, C18 and SDVB materials.
Results. The wines analyses for acid separation is done in two ways, for the 10 compound of
interest: one is using two columns with C18 stationary phase and the second one is with an
ion exchange stationary phase as a preseparation column. In the case of grapes analysis the
methods are limited by the level of solid material used in extraction that cane ranged results
from 85 to 105% recovery.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that this methods can be useful
for analysing 10 organic acids with little to no sample preparation. The time stability of the
method is useful for non-experts and can be implemented in any liquid chromatograph.
References
1. *** (2014). Recueil des méthodes internationales d'analyse des vins et de moûts. Office
International de la Vigne et du Vin, Paris.
2. Niculaua M., Nechita B., Colibaba C., Odageriu Gh., Muraru I., Cotea V. V., Study of
organic acids in stabilization treatments applied to romanian wines, XXXIIIth World
Congress of Vine and Wine, Tbilisi, 20–27 June 2010.
208
KNOWLEDGE OF CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF GATHERED EGGS
FROM HENS REARED IN CONVENTIONAL ANDFREE RANGE
SYSTEM
Lucia Iuliana NISTOR (COTFAS)*, Aida ALBU and Marius Giorgi USTUROI
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
„Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi, Romania
*
Correspondent author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: chemical indicators, eggs, quality, welfare
Introduction. Many consumers prefers nowadays eggs from alternative production systems
because of their concerns about its own food safety and welfare of laying hens (1).
According to the regulations, a free range egg is obtained in poultry farms were laying hens
have access to outdoor paddock, where they can show all the instincts of physiological and
ethological (3).
Aims. The aim of this research was a comparative study of chemical characteristics of eggs
obtain from different production systems (conventional and free range).
Materials and Methods. Chemical indicators’ determination was made through specific
methods, in according with actual standards and consists in establishing of water, proteins,
fats, ash and non-nitrogenous extractive substances contents. The biological material was
represented by 90 eggs produced by Lohmann Brown laying hens aged 33 weeks: 45 gathered
from birds exploited in free range system and 45 from birds reared in cages agreed by EU.
Results. Eggs obtained from free range system have a slightly higher content of protein
(10.35±0.12% vs 9.97±0.03%) compared with conventional system, from albumen and also
from yolk (17.46±0.00% vs 17.19±0.01%), this fact happened due to aport of green grass
from the outside paddock (2). Comparative with conventional system, eggs from free range
system have a higher content of lipids of yolk with 2,23%. Chemical analysis of melange
from studied eggs showed a higher rate of dry matter at free range eggs (23.374% vs.
22.969%), but also for proteins (12.952% vs. 12.520%) and lipids (7.676% vs. 7.398%).
Conclusion. Rearing in freedom of laying hens (free range) caused a qualitative improvement
of dry components in both egg components (yolk and albumen) but also the quantitative one,
eggs obtained having a high nutritional value.
References
1. Anderson. K. E, 2009 - Overview of natural and organic production: Looking back to the
future. J. Appl. Poultry Research. 18:348–354.
2. Morris T R, 2004 - Environmental control for layers, World Poultry Science Journal
Volume 60 / Issue 02 / June 2004, pp 163-175.
3. Usturoi M. G, 2004 - Producereaouălor de consum. Editura „Ion Ionescu de la Brad”,Iaşi.
209
MONITORING THE EVOLUTION OF MAJOR CHEMICAL
COMPOUND IN DAIRY PRODUCTS DURING SHELF-LIFE BY FTIR
Adriana PĂUCEAN*, Dan VODNAR, Carmen SOCACIU and Simona MAN
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Food Science and
Technology,
3-5 Mănăştur street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: dairy products, FTIR analysis, shelf-life
Introduction. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive technology
used for the high-throughput analysis of food components without requiring special skills
from the users. Advances in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) instrumentation and pattern
recognition techniques have made it possible to extract information related to composition
and conformation of food components from the spectra (Udelhoven et al., 2000).
Aims. The FTIR spectra of skimmed cow milk before and after inoculation with lactic starter
culture (12h, 24h) and of the dairy product during shelf-life (7-21 days, at 4-6°C ) in order to
identify the variation for lactose, lactic acid, fatty acids, esters and flavors.
Materials and Methods. Skimmed cow milk (1.5% w/w) was inoculated with mesophilic
bacterial culture FD-DVS CHN-22 (Chr. Hansen). The volumetric ratio (mL):
milk/mesophilic lactic culture/kefir yeast was 1000:1:2. The FTIR spectra using Attenuated
Transmission (HATR) and an internal reflection accessory made of Composite Zinc Selenide
(ZnSe) and Diamond crystals were obtained with Schimatzu IR Prestige- 21 equipment. Each
spectrum was registered from 4000 to 500 cm-1.
Results. Specific fingerprints for dairy product during milk fermentation and shelf-life at
refrigerated storage were obtained. The spectrum shows typical bands arising from
carbohydrates ( 900-1200 cm-1) including characteristic lactose peak at 1159 cm-1 and glucose
peak at 1035 cm-1. The region between 1700 and 1500 cm-1 is dominated by protein bands
while the range 1450 to 1200 cm-1 denote carboxylic groups of proteins. Inside the region
between 1500- 1600 cm-1, we found a stretching vibration characteristic for lactic acid with a
representative peak at 1574 cm-1. The peak at 1414 cm-1 was attributed to esters functional
group, while the band 2800-2950 cm-1 was found chracteristics for fatty acids.
Conclusion. The present study examined the potential of FTIR spectroscopy for rapid
monitoring the evolution of the lactic fermentation in dairy products, as well as the changes of
the major chemical compounds during the refrigerated storage of the product.
210
RESEARCH ON SOYBEAN AMINO ACIDS CONTENT
Anamaria POP* and Sevastita MUSTE
1
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
*
Keywords: amino acids, protein, soy
Introduction. It is generally recognized that soy is the most important source of vegetable
protein, because it is very high in protein content. Following the increasing global food
demands it was tried and obtained soy commercial products.
Aims. Following the technological process of extruded soy products, there is an increase in
protein from soybean feedstock to finished products. The aim of our research was to
determine the qualitative and quantitative changes of the main compounds, soy proteins
(amino acids) after processing it.
Materials and Methods. The sample studied was obtained from a Romanian private
company, a company which is dedicated to soybean production. Samples taken were
soybeans, partially defatted soy flour, textured soy protein and soy cubes. The sample
contained 3 lots of different soy products. Analyses were conducted by ICIA Cluj-Napoca.
Also to determine the correlation between protein and amino acids it was calculated Pearson's
coefficient.
Results. We observed an increase of the protein content for the whole manufacturing process.
After oil extraction process we noticed that for all three sample group studied there were an
increase of soy protein. We investigated 21 amino and it was determined quantities of Lalanine, L-tyrosine, L-histidine, glutamic acid, L-phenylalanine, aspartic acid and glycine.
Conclusion. There is a growing amino acid content in the course of the technological process,
in particular as a result of the operation of oil extraction, in order to obtain partially defatted
flour, the raw material for obtaining soy textured and soy cubes. With the increase of protein
content of the samples we can see a proportional grow of amino acids content, except
glutamic acid, for which we are able to observe a reverse correlation. If the extraction of oil
would be used at high temperature, glutamic acid value may be lower, so it is recommended
to the processors to maintain as high a level of glutamic acid using the cold extraction of oil.
Because of the dependence of the amino acids and soybean protein, to obtain finished
products of high quality, in terms of amino acid content, it is recommended to use a raw
material with a protein content as high as possible.
211
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT GROWTH CONDITIONS ON THE
KEFIR GRAINS PRODUCTION, USED IN THE KEFIRAN SYNTHESIS
Carmen POP1, Sorin APOSTU1, Liana SALANŢĂ1, Ancuţa M. ROTAR1,
Marianne SINDIC2, Nicolas MABON3 and Carmen SOCACIU1*
1
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Address - 400372 - Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street, number 3-5,
Romania
2
University of Liège, Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux, Passage des Déportés 2,5030 Gembloux,
Belgium
3
Centre wallon de Recherches Agronomiques, Bâtiment Carson, Rue du Bordia 11, 5030
Gembloux, Belgium
*
Keywords: kefir grains, growth rate, biomass production
Introduction. Kefir grains comprised besides lactococci, lactobacilli, yeasts and a specific
polysaccharide matrix, which is called kefiran (Gao et al., 2012). This polysaccharide has an
important potential as a food gum in food industry, in innovative packaging material productions,
or as a fortification agent in foods because of its well-known health benefits (Piermaria et al.,
2009).
Aims. The kefir grains growth curve is principal for optimisation, control and monitoring
purposes and for the effect of process parameters on kefir grain growth rate has been studied.
Materials and Methods. The samples of kefir grains (KG) were obtained from the collection of
the Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W, Gembloux, Belgium). The applied
gravimetric procedure was taken from literature but with a slight adjustment. The kefir grains
were cultured in different conditions (temperature, time, shaker rotating speed, culture media
supplemented) to evaluate their effects.
Results. After evaluation of the experimental data, we can establish that after T = 24 h the batch
fermentation under selected bioprocess conditions was completed, providing 69.89% increase in
biomass. Throughout the fermentations process, temperature and shaker rotating speed are the
factors with important influence on the kefir grains biomass increase. According to results,
agitation rate of 125 rpm and temperature at 28 °C gave a growth rate of 75.99% more than the
initial. In addition, the medium supplemented with nutrients was proved not to be a significant
factor on biomass production.
Conclusion. Parametric analysis was used to define the important kinetic parameters of the
process and to establish the most adequate growth model. Kefir grains propagation is limited by
environmental parameters (T°, agitation) and nutritive substrates availability.
Resources
Development
Operational
Programme
2007-2013,
project
no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Gao J., Gu. F, Ruan H., Chen Q., He J., He G. (2012). Culture Conditions Optimization of
Tibetan Kefir Grains by Response Surface Methodology. Procedia Engineering 37, 132 –
136.
2. Piermaria, J., Pinotti, A., García, M. A. and Abraham, A. G., 2009, Films based on kefiran,
an exopolysaccharide obtained from kefir grain: development and characterization. Food
Hydrocolloids, 23, 684-690.
212
STABILITY COMPARATON OF FREE AND ENCAPSULATED
LACTOBACILUS CASEIATCC 393 IN YOGHURT FOR LONG TIME
STORAGE
Oana L. POP1*, Dan C. VODNAR1, Oana CIUZAN2, Andreea NECHITA1, Carmen
SOCACIU1 and Doru PAMFIL2
1
Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Science and
CaleaMănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
*
Keywords: microencapsulation, probiotic, yoghurt
Introduction. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which pass the gastrointestinal
tract, inducing so benefits to the consumer health. The most important factors that affect the
efficiency of added probiotics are their amount at the consumption moment and the resistance
in terms of viability during storage life and gastrointestinal passage. Many yogurts have a low
content of these cells number. An increasingly widely used method for protection of probiotic
cells form acidity (e.g. yogurt, stomach media) is microencapsulation.
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of encapsulation on the survival of
L. casei ATCC 393 in yoghurt during long time storage, free or encapsulated in alginate and
alginate pectin microspheres, and influence over yoghurt properties, particularly acidification.
Materials and Methods. Alginate and alginate pectin microspheres where obtained using a
Multinozzle Biotech Encapsulator (EncapBioSistems Inc.). The microspheres were
crosslinked in calcium chloride. The entrapped probiotic cells were released from the capsules
using phosphate buffer. The enumeration of viable probiotic cells was conducted on each
sample in triplicate from day 0 to day 35 from 5 to 5 days.
Results. The resulted product of the encapsulation process used in this study was
microspheres with a size range from 1.3 to 1.7 mm. Regarding the viability of the probiotic
cells, there was a decrease of about 1 log10 as compared to the original number of probiotic
cells present in the first day, over 35 days period, in both encapsulated forms.
Conclusion. An innovative method of L. caseiATCC 393 encapsulation has been reported in
the present study using pectin combined with alginate. Pectin acts as prebiotic during
encapsulation of L. caseiATCC 393 since it does enhance the survival of the probiotic cells.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765
213
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF
SPREADABLE CREAMS BASED ON ROASTED SUNFLOWER
KERNELS AND COCOA OR CAROB POWDER
Emil RACOLŢA*1, Maria TOFANĂ2, Crina Carmen MUREŞAN2, Sonia SOCACI2 and
Vlad MUREŞAN1
1
2
*
Keywords: carob, cocoa, volatile compounds
Introduction. The known confectionery spreadable cream product category includes well
known cocoa - hazelnut pastes as well as peanut butter, products which became very popular
in the last decades due to their pleasant taste and ease of eating. However, health constraints
appeared, being well known that both hazelnut and peanut are food allergens, while cocoa
excites CNS and on everyday consumption causes dependence.
Aims. The aim of this work was to solve the abovementioned problems by developing and
characterizing an innovative product which belongs to the same confectionery spreadable
cream product category.
Materials and Methods. Six spreadable cream prototypes were produced by using sugar,
roasted sunflower kernel, carob or cocoa powder, palm or coconut fat and, lecithin. The
obtained samples were firstly analyzed by using the nine point hedonic scale test. The volatile
compounds profile analysis (“In Tube Extraction”-GCMS) was performed on the best
samples (in terms of sensory) containing cocoa or carob powder, as well as a control.
Results. The analyzed spreadable creams samples showed similar volatile compounds. The
main volatile compound of all three samples was pinene (42-51%) which is a characteristic
flavor of turpentine, wood. Acetophenone instead (20-25%) gives flavors of almond, floral,
sweetish. Benzaldehyde (8.11-9.73%) is characteristic for almond flavor with hints of
caramel.
Conclusion. Carob and cocoa powder showed different volatile compounds profiles, even if
the major compound for both was Propanoic acid, 2-methyl. However, the three analyzed
spreadable creams, have similar volatile compounds profiles. Thus, with similar taste to cocoa
sample, carob-sunflower spreadable cream is an alternative which does not include
ingredients with allergic potential or central nervous system stimulants.
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority
for Scientific Research, CNDI – UEFISCDI, project number PN – II – IN – CI – 2012 – 1 –
0047
214
TOTAL CAROTENOIDS CONTENT IN MAIZE LANDRACES AND
THEIR POTENTIAL HEALTH APPLICATIONS
Stăncuţa SCROB1, Sevastiţa MUSTE1, Ioan HAŞ2, Crina MUREŞAN1*, Sonia SOCACI1
and Anca FĂRCAŞ1
1
Faculty of Food Scince and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj – Napoca, Romania.
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, Romania.
*
Keywords: carotenoid, grians, health, spectrophotometer UV-Vis
Introduction. Corn is one of the most widely cultivated cereals in the world. There are
several types of genotypes, with colours such as orange, yellow, violet, red, black, and blue.
Pigmented corn has received increased attention from a nutraceutical perspective because it
contains several bioactive phytochemicals such as carotenoids, tocopherols, phytic acid and
phenolic compounds (Bacchetti et al., 2013). Vitamin A deficiency is a serious global health
problem that can be alleviated by improved nutrition. Development of cereal crops with
increased provitamin A carotenoids can provide a sustainable solution to eliminating vitamin
A deficiency worldwide (Eleanore T.Wurtzel et al., 2012).
Aims. The research was designed to quantify the carotenoid compounds from the
experimental variability of the corn genotypes.
Materials and Methods. The experimental material for the present investigation consisted of
19 maize genotypes. Total carotenoids were quantified according to previously repors by
using spectrophotometer system with ultraviolet visible detector. Total carotenoids content
was estimated following the method of Delia B. Rodriguez – Amaya and was expressed in
µg/g DW. The chemical analysis were performed in three replicates and the results were
statistically analysed. Mean kernel carotenoid content for each genotype was estimated. The
analysis of variance of carotenoid content for each genotype was carried out in a complete
randomized design using ANOVA (two-way).
Results. Total carotenoids content was found in the range of 6.63 µg/g DW (Turda 248) –
22.35 µg/g DW (HS 105) for 2011 crop year. For 2012 year crop, the carotenoids content
varied between 11.28 µg/g DW and 44.08 µg/g DW. The present experiment also showed that
Turda Mold 188 (24.13 µg/g DW), Turda SU 181 (25.18 µg/g DW) and HS 105 (33.28 µg/g
DW) were recorded very significantly positive values compared to the control sample (Turda
200).
Conclusion. The study showed that four extraction steps were necessary for complete
removal of carotenoids into cold acetone. The color of the maize grain influences the
concentration of carotenoids in the kernels.
References
1. Bacchetti T., Masciangelo S., Micheletti A. and Ferretti G. (2013). Carotenoids, Phenolic
Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Five Local Italian Corn (Zea Mays L.) Kernels. J
Nutr Food Sci 3: 237.
2. Eleanore T.Wurtzel, Cuttrissand A. and Vallabhaneni R. (2012). Maize provitamin A
carotenoids, current resources, and future metabolic engineering challenges. Frontiers
Plant
Sci
3:
29.
215
ROMANIAN FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS REVEAL HIGH
DEPENDENCY ON CONSUMER RELATED VARIABLES FOR
MICROBIAL FOOD SAFETY RISK ANALYSIS
Florin SOPTICA1,3,*, Corina-Aurelia ZUGRAVU2 and Anca-Ioana NICOLAU1
1
“Dunarea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bucharest, Romania
3
National R&D Institute for Food Bioresources (IBA), Bucharest, Romania
*
2
Keywords: consumer food handling, dietary survey, domestic food consumption, exposure
assessment, risk communication
Introduction. Effective risk analysis cannot be apprehended without the scrupulous
consideration of consumer aspects. Within risk characterization, exposure assessment
includes as a final step the modelling of food consumption. Two types of data are used in
addressing exposure to microbial hazards: data on consumer behaviour and data on food
consumption.
Aims. Food consumption data setswereemployed to devise scenarios and model the impact
that consumer storage times, extent of cross-contamination and cooking times and
temperatures could have on the microbial safety of certain food categories.
Materials and Methods. Food handling scenarios were constructed for high risk food
categories based on EFSA’s FoodEx2 food classification system and on generic food
preparation and handling methods. Food consumption data sets were collected and analysed
so as to clearly describe how the data were used in the models, including any assumptions
used in arriving at specific estimates. Employed models were chosen in accordance with
recommendations by WHO/FAO on exposure assessment of microbiological hazards in food.
Results. Analysis of food consumption data resulting from prospective seven-day dietary
surveysrevealed – with little variation due to geographical region, education and gender, and
with significant variation due to habitat and age – that anextensive part of the Romanian diet
is comprised of domestically prepared foods. Furthermore, risk estimates based on food
handling scenarios revealed a high reliance of exposure levels to microbial hazards on food
handling variables.
Conclusion. Consumer related data have a significant impact on risk estimates and therefore
accurate comprehensive microbial risk assessments cannot be performed in Romania without
valid information on food handling practices. Segmentation analyses – accounting for region,
habitat, ethnicity, age, gender and education – are required to address the inherent variation
within the country and produce consistent data.
216
RAW MILK HYGIENE AT LOCAL MARKETS AND AUTOMATIC
MILK DISPENSER MACHINES
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA1, Arghir ILEA2, Lenuţa ŞUTEU1 and Teodora Emilia COLDEA1*
1
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, Str. Mănăştur, No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Foundation for Milk Quality Control, Str. Avram Iancu, 407280, Floreşti, Romania
*
Keywords: raw milk, biochemical parameters, milk microbiology, antibiotics
Introduction. In Romania, direct sales of raw milk to the final consumer is developed based
on the local regulations. These are in accordance to European Regulation that must meet some
quality requirements for the total number of germs, somatic cells, without antibiotics, coming
from healthy animals who did not suffer from diseases that can be transmitted to humans
through milk. Raw milk is sold in Romania in local markets and by automatic milk dispenser
machines.
Aims. Based on these regulations, a study regarding the quality and security to human health
of raw milk was conducted on the commercialized milk in local markets and automatic milk
dispensers.
Materials and Methods. During May-June 2014 samples of raw milk were collected from
Cluj-Napoca local markets and automatic milk dispensers. All samples were kept to
refrigeration conditions until the moment of analyze which took place at the sampling day.
The following parameters were taken into account: fat content, protein, casein, lactose, nonfat
dry matter, pH, milk freezing point, added water, antibiotics residues, milk urea, number of
germ cells and somatic cells.
Results. All obtained results were verified by the validated methods applied.
Conclusion. Our research can be forward conducted in order to verify the hygiene and
composition of milk from the whole dairy chain.
217
THE INFLUENCE OF THREE TYPE OF BREAD CONSUMPTION ON
SATIETY
Ramona SUHAROSCHI1*
1
Department of Food Science. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: bread, satiety, hunger, and questionnaire
Introduction. Whole cereals known for their high content of fibbers and low energetic
density are an important source of bioactive components, both could enhance satiety.
However several studies related with whole-wheat and oat products diet shown an increased
satiety, the effect on energy consumed was inconsistent with no effect on energy intake
(Solah et al., 2007), while other studies shown a decrease food energy intake (Melanson et al.,
1999). Moreover, a study regarding whole cereals (oat and wheat) doesn’t find any correlation
between food energy intake and satiety (Berti, 2005). Concerning the contradictory
observations related to the effect of diet based on whole cereals intake and energy intake and
satiety, further studies are justified.
Aims. The main aim of this study is to analyze consumer preferences on different types of
bread, and based on that to investigate the influence of the consumption of bread on the
plentitude sensation.
Materials and Methods. The study compared the satiety induced by three different types of
bread (white, wholemeal and multigrain with). Six subjects were used for 3 days, with a menu
based on the same type of food. Hunger, fullness, desire to eat, the amount of food eaten, and
thirst were assessed using a modified Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after breakfast,
lunch and dinner.
Results. There were no major differences in the results of the questionnaire VAS area
changed for the three products. However, subjects reported significantly less hungry sensation
before lunch compared to their hunger before breakfast when not eaten bread. Top scores on
satiety have been found in the case of bread multigrain.
Conclusion. In conclusion, the intake of a whole grain-rich products made from fibers such as
oat fiber and wheat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner can improve desire to eat and increase the
feeling of plentitude, while the effects of refined flour bread shows lower scores.
References
1. Solah, V. A., Fenton, H., Kerr, D., Crosbie, G. B., & Siryani, S. (2007). Measurement of
satiety of wheat-based bulgur by intervention and sensory evaluation. Cereal Foods
World, 52, 15.
2. Melanson, K. J., Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Saris, W. H. M., Smith, F. J., & Campfield,
L.A. (1999). Blood glucose patterns and appetite in time-blinded humans: carbohydrate
versus fat. The American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative, and
Comparative Physiology, 277, 337–345.
3. Berti, C., Riso, P., Brusamolino, A., & Porrini, M. (2005). Effect on appetite control of
minor cereal and pseudocereal products. The British Journal of Nutrition, 94, 850–858.
218
THE INFLUENCE OF RIPENING TIME AND MILK TYPE ON THE
OVERALL TEXTURAL QUALITY OF THE TRADITIONAL
ROMANIAN BRINE CHEESE
Liliana TUDOREANU
Interdisciplinary Laboratory HEVMETFOOD
Department of Mathematics, Physics and Land Measurement, University of Agronomic
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest
Keywords: brine cheese, maturation, texture
Introduction. Cheese maturation and milk type strongly influences the cheeses
varieties’textural properties, attributes and flavor, and thus consumers’ acceptance.
Aims. The aim of the study was to identify the modification of traditional Romanian brine
cheese’s textural parameters (instrumental) and attributes (sensorial)due to maturation time
and milk type.
Materials and Methods. Commercially available traditional brine cheese brands (bovine,
sheep, goat, and mixed milk) were bought from local markets and the samples were coded.
Sensorial and instrumental texture profile analyses were used tomeasure hardness, chewiness,
fracture and adhesiveness for samples after 15, 20, 30 and 40 days of maturation.Principal
component analysis was used to identify the main textural attributes influencing consumer’s
acceptance.
Results. The technology of cheese making (cheese brands), significantly influence (p<0.001)
harness, cohesiveness, chewiness and fracture force. There was no significant difference of
hardness between sheep and bovine milk for the H brand, (Tukey-Cramer HSD), however
sheep milk cheese’s hardness was significantly influenced by the ripening time. For the D
brand cheeses,type of milk and ripening time din not significantly influenced hardness. The
fracture force for goat and sheep cheeses ripened for 40 dayswere not significantly different.
After 30 days of maturation, the textural parameters chewiness, cohesiveness, and hardness
were significantly higher than after 20 or 40 days.
Conclusion. Principal component analyses (PCA) revealed that for the traditional Romanian
brine cheeses, 30 days maturation time is generating an overall texture which is better
appreciated by consumers. Goat milk addition - up to 50% - to bovine milk, decreased brine
cheese’s chewiness by two fold. The technology of cheese making is influencing the textural
parametersand attributes. Textural parameters and attributes such as hardness and
cohesiveness are correlated (r2= 0.72) thus instrumental measurements may be used to make
inferences on consumer’s perception of the traditional Romanian brine cheese.
219
THE ASSESSEMENT OF THE COMPOSITIONAL AND
MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SEVERAL MEAT
PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED IN A SMALL PROCESSING UNIT
Silviu VIDA, Marian MIHAIU, Alexandra TABARAN and Sorin Daniel DAN*
1
Department of Animal Production and Food Safety, Univesity of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372,
Cluj Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: compositional parameters, hygienic quality, meat products, microbiological risk
Introduction. The hygienic quality of meat products can be substantially improved by strictly
respecting the rules of Good Hygienic Practice (GHP) and the rules of Good Making Practice
(GMP) along the entire food chain (1).
Aim. the aim of this study was to evaluate the compositional and hygienic parameters of meat
and meat products manufactured in a small scale processing unit, and to assess the microbial
risk represented by the total plate count, E. coli and Salmonella spp.
Materials and Methods. The research materials were collected from a small scale meat
processing unit located in Maramures County, 15 samples from each of the following types of
products during January-Mai 2014: fresh pork meat, smoked salami, cold smoked sausages,
raw dry smoked specialities. In order to assess the wuality of meat products, all the samples
were processed through standardized. alos, the results were statistically analysed using
ANOVA monofactorial analysis.
Results. Some compositional parameters are in accord with the imposed standards (salt,
nitrates and total ammonia content). For the previously mentioned category of products the
following compositional parameters were not in accord with the maximum and minimum
limits of the imposed standards: proteins, fatness and humidity. The microbial load ranged
between 3.56± 0.32 and 5.85 ± 0.22 log cfu/cm2, 20% of samples presented elevated values
according with EU standards.
Conclusion. The main nonconformities identified regarding compositional parameters in case
of smoked salami were lower values for protein content and higher values in case of fat.
Regarding fresh sausages nonconformities were represented mainly by increased moisture and
fat content. In case of raw meat products, identified nonconformities were represented by the
low protein and high fat and moisture content. June. Microbiological risk parameters
represented by total bacterial load, E. coli and Salmonella is low in all meat products except
fresh raw meat, because total bacterial load exceeds the maximum limits.
References
1. Banu C. (2009). Tratat de industrie alimentară – Tehnologii alimentare, Volumul 2, Editura
ASAB Bucureşti.
220
PREDICTION OF AIRFLOW AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES
INSIDE CONVECTIVE SOLAR DRYER
Marian VINTILĂ1, Adrian-Gabriel GHIAUŞ2* and Viorel FĂTU2
1
Research and Development Institute for Processing and Marketing of the Horticultural
Products Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Thermal Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering - Bucharest,
Romania.
*
Keywords: Solar drying, Product quality, Natural convection, Temperature distribution
Introduction. Solar tray drying is an effective alternative for post-harvest processing of fruits
and vegetables especially in small rural communities. The non-uniformity of the air-drying
process is a common problem associated with batch type dryers. Product quality and
uniformity of the desired final moisture content are affected by the uneven air flow and
temperature distribution inside the drying chamber. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
modeling techniques are extensively used to overcome these deficiencies by predicting and
analyzing the temperature, velocity and pressure profiles for different configurations and
finally leading to the optimization and improved design solutions of the tray dryers.
Aims. The purpose of this study is to numerically evaluate the operation parameters of a new
indirect solar dryer having an appropriate design based on thermal uniformity inside the
drying chamber, low construction costs and easy accessibility to resources needed for
manufacture. The research was focused on both the investigation of different operation
conditions and analysis of the influence of the damper position, which is incorporated into the
chimney, on the internal cabinet temperature and air flow distribution.
Materials and Methods. Drying chamber has a volume of 216 liters which can host 5
product trays of 0.24 square meters each. The air is heated in a plane solar collector of 1.6
square meters. Numerical simulation was carried out with Comsol Multiphysics CFD
commercial code using a reduced 2D domain model by neglecting any end effects from the
side walls. Free convection was added to the momentum balance with the Boussinesq
approximation, which ignores variations in density with temperature, except that the
variations give rise to the buoyancy force lifting the fluid.
Results. The analysis of the coupled thermal-fluid model provided the velocity field, pressure
distribution and temperature distribution in the solar collector and in the drying chamber
when the damper was totally closed, half open and fully open and for different operation
conditions. The predicted results were compared with measurements taken in-situ.
Conclusion. High level of accuracy during the modeling process must be maintained to
uphold confidence in CFD predictions. Concurrent experimentation is needed to validate
predictions, particularly where simplifying assumptions are incorporated into the model. With
progressing computing power, it is conceivable that CFD will continue to provide
explanations for more fluid flow, heat and mass transfer phenomena, leading to better
equipment design and process control for the food industry.
221
Section 4: Horticulture and Forestry
FLAVONOIDS: ANTIOXIDANTS FOR HUMAN HEALTH AND PLANT
DEFENCE
Oscar VICENTE1* and Monica BOSCAIU2
1
Institute of Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology
Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain
*
2
Keywords: antioxidants, phenolic compounds, ROS, abiotic stress responses
Flavonoids are a large group of > 9000 different plant phenolic compounds, with a common
C6–C3–C6 structure including a three carbon chain linking two aromatic rings, that can be
divided into several subfamilies – anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, chalcones,
isoflavonoids, condensed tannins, etc. Research on these compounds has increased in recent
years, for its alleged beneficial effects on human health. Flavonoids, and also some other
phenolics, have been reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including
antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, neuroprotective,
hepatoprotective and cardioprotective properties. Anthocyanins, in particular, appear to be
highly effective anti-cancer agents, as shown in human tumour cell lines and in a mouse
model. These properties have been related to the strong antioxidant character of many
phenolic compounds – demonstrated at least in vitro – and their capacity to scavenge 'reactive
oxygen species' (ROS) which, if in excess, cause oxidative cellular damage.
But phenolic compounds did not evolve in plants for human benefit. Plant phenolics fulfil a
wide array of biological functions, as structural components of cell walls, participating in
developmental processes through the regulation of auxin transport or, specifically flavonols,
as plant hormones stimulating pollen maturation and pollen tube growth. Yet phenolic
compounds, and particularly flavonoids, are mostly involved in the interaction of plants with
their environment, acting as signalling molecules in plant-microorganisms interactions, as
animal attractants for pollination and fruit and seed dispersal, or participating in defence
mechanisms against herbivores and pathogens. These secondary metabolites are involved as
well in the responses of plants to practically all types of abiotic stress, including UV radiation,
extreme temperatures, ozone exposure, drought or salinity. These latter functions appear to be
related to their antioxidant character, as abiotic stresses cause an increase in cellular ROS
levels. An overview of phenolics' disparate biological functions and practical applications will
be provided in this communication.
222
BREEDING VEGETABLES WITH IMPROVED BIOACTIVE
PROPERTIES
Jaime PROHENS1*, Isabel ANDÚJAR1, Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Mariola PLAZAS1,
Javier HERRAIZ1, Dolores RAIGÓN2, Salvador SOLER1, Maria FIGÀS1, Adrián
RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1, Ana FITA 1 and Santiago VILANOVA1
1
Institut de Conservació i Millora de l’Agrodiversitat Valenciana. Universitat Politècnica de València,
Spain.
2
Departament de Química. Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
*
Keywords: bioactive compounds, breeding methods, cultivars, diversity, vegetable crops
Introduction. Vegetable crops are an important source of bioactive compounds that improve
health and protect against degenerative diseases. Consumers are increasingly demanding
vegetables with an enhanced content in bioactive compounds (carotenoids, phenolics,
vitamins, etc.). This is stimulating the development of breeding programmes aimed at
developing new vegetable cultivars with improved bioactive properties.
Diversity and sources of variation. Generally breeding programmes are aimed at the most
relevant compounds present in each vegetable. The success of a breeding programme requires
genetic diversity and sources of variation with high levels for the target compounds or
properties. Local varieties and wild species represent, in many instances, an interesting source
of variation.
Breeding strategies. Depending on the genetic control of the trait of interest for improving
the bioactive properties and the reproductive biology of the target crop, different strategies are
used. These include conventional breeding based on phenotypic selection, marker assisted
selection and genetic transformation. Also, it has to be taken into account that dramatic
improvements in the levels of bioactive compounds may affect other properties of the
vegetable produce, including positive (e.g., increased shelf-life in cultivars with high
antioxidant contents) or negative (e.g., in browning in cultivars with high phenolics content)
effects.
Conclusion. Plant breeding can successfully contribute to develop new cultivars with
dramatically improved bioactive properties. This new cultivars presumably will have a high
added value for consumers.
223
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF
THE ROOT SYSTEM OF TWO MEDICINAL PLANTS, HYSSOPUS
OFFICINALIS AND PASSIFLORA INCARNATA
Dimitrios BILALIS1*, Foteini ANGELOPOULOU1, Panagiota PAPASTYLIANOU1,
Anestis KARKANIS1, Ioanna KAKABOUKI1 and Aristidis KONSTANTAS1
1
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
*
Keywords: Hyssopus officinalis, irrigation, medicinal plants, Passiflora incarnata.
Introduction. Medicinal and aromatic plants are known to be used by 80% of global
population for their medicinal therapeutic effects as estimated (Pryia and Elakkiya, 2012).
Water is the most important factor that has a main influence on development and effective
materials of medical plants. Water deficiency during the plant production can include main
damages to development and also on effective materials of medical plants (Aradooei et al,
2013).
Aims. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of two levels of irrigation in the
development and characteristics of the root system of medicinal plants Hyssopus officinalis
and Passiflora incarnata.
Materials and methods. The experiment fields were settled in western Greece in the region
of city Agrinio. The parameters that were determined were: root density, root diameter, root
surface and root volume. The experiment followed the split plot design.
Results. The results indicated that for both medicinal plants (Hyssopus officinalis and
Passiflora incarnata) the use of organic fertilization had a positive effect on both, density and
volume of the root system, and the characteristics of the root correlated with the growth of
and the pant biomass yield.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrate that irrigation can positively
affects the growth and development of the root system of medicinal.
References
1. Priya S and Elakkiya R. (2012). Effect Of Organic And Biofertilizers On Growth And
Yield Of Eclipta alba(L.) Int.J.PharmTech 4(4):1703-5.
2. Aradooei S, Zakerin A R and Aboutalebi A. (2013). Effect of different levels of irrigation
period and foliar application of methanol on essence of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum
L.) Annals of Biological Research 4(6):220-223.
224
ΕFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROOT SYSTEM OF TWO MEDICINAL
PLANTS, ORIGANUM VULGARE AND SILYBUM MARIANUM.
Foteini ANGELOPOULOU1, Panagiota PAPASTYLIANOU1, Aristidis
KONSTANTAS1, Ioanna KAKABOUKI1, Yolanda PAPATHEOHARI1 and
Dimitrios J. BILALIS1*
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
*
Keywords: medicinal plants, Origanum vulgare, organic fertilization, Silybum marianum
Introduction. Medicinal plants are used to cure many ailments that are either non-curable or
seldom cured through modern systems of medicine. Approximately 80% of the World
population depends on medicinal plants for their health and healing (Aliyu, 2003). Organic
fertilizers is a very important method of providing plant with their nutritional requirements
without having the best undesirable impact on the environment. Organic manure and
biofertilizers are important for medicinal and aromatic plants to product best product in both
quantity and quality and it is also safe for human, animal and the environment (Priya and
Elakkiya, 2012).
Aims. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of two levels of organic
fertilization in the development and characteristics of the root system of medicinal plants
Origanum vulgare and Silybum marianum.
Materials and methods. The experiment fields were settled in western Greece in the region
of city Agrinio. The parameters that were determined were: root density, root diameter, root
surface and root volume. The experiment followed the split plot design.
Results. The results indicated that for both medicinal plants (Origanum vulgare and Silybum
marianum) the use of organic fertilization had a positive effect on both, density and volume of
the root system, and the characteristics of the root correlated with the growth of and the pant
biomass yield.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrate that organic fertilization can
positively affects the growth and development of the root system of medicinal.
References
1. Aliyu L. (2003). Effect of manure type and rate on growth, yield and yield components of
pepper. J. Sustain. Agric. Environ. 5:92–98.
2. Priya S. and Elakkiya R. (2012). Effect Of Organic And Biofertilizers On Growth And
Yield Of Eclipta alba(L.) Int.J.PharmTech 4(4):1703-5.
225
BEHAVIOR OF SOME CAULIFLOWER HYBRIDS IN DIRECT
SOWING CULTURE
Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1, Grigore ARDELEAN2, Alexandru Ioan
APAHIDEAN1* and Aniela Brandusa RUSU1
1
Department of Horticulture. UASVM Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
2
APIA, Reghin, Romania.
*
Keywords: cauliflower, hybrids, direct sowing
Introduction. Cauliflower is grown for hypertrophied inflorescences are used to prepare
different dishes and pickles. The energy value of cauliflower inflorescences is low (118.5
kJ/100 g) due to the low energy substances. Cauliflower inflorescences contain small amounts
of soluble carbohydrates, 1.16% glucose and 1.05% fructose content of 1.12% cellulose,
starch 0.25% and organic acids that are mainly represented by oxalic acid having a
concentration of 4.3 mg/100 g in fresh produce (Souci et al., 1981 quoted by Burzo et al.,
2000).
Aims. The aim of the trial was to state which of the studied hybrids perform better when
cultivated by direct seeding. The objectives were to determine plant growth (plant height,
rosette diameter, inflorescence size) and obtained production.
Materials and methods. In the experience, hybrids January, Master, Idol, Napolitano
Mazartico and Igloo, were used and grown by direct seeding in the field. Planting dates were
May (05.05.2012), June (09/05/2012) and July (13.07.2012). During the growing season the
specific technology for cauliflower field crops was apllied and observations set in the
experimental protocol were made.
Results. Cauliflower different plant growth in the three planting dates have influenced the
production of the five hybrids. The average production of cauliflower was between 25.39 t/ha,
at planting date III and 49.41 t/ha at planting date II. Production at planting date II was 18.4%
higher than that achieved in the first period, the difference in production being highly
significant. Generally cauliflower hybrids studied have achieved lower production when
sowing was done in sowing date III (July). Maximum yields were obtained when sowing was
done in date II.
Conclusion. The average production of cauliflower was between 25.39 t / ha, in sowing date
III and 49.41 t / ha in sowing date II. Cauliflower hybrids studied have achieved lower yields
when sowing was done in era III (July). Maximum yields were obtained in sowing date II.
References
1. Burzo I., Toma S., Voican V., Amăriuţei Al., Şelaru E., Popescu V. and Crăciun C. (2000).
Fiziologia plantelor de cultură. Vol. 4, ÎEP Ştiinţa, Chişinău, R.Moldova.
226
A LITERATURE REVIEW RELATED TO THE MODERN
HARVESTING - FORWARDING EQUIPMENT AND THE MAIN
TOPICS CONCERN OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY
Andrei APĂFĂIAN1, Vasile BOGHIAN1 and Constantin Alexandru BRATU1
1
Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements.
Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania.
Keywords: forestry machinery, international literature, open access, synthesis
Introduction. The forests from Romania have been harvested mostly by traditional
technologies like the specialized skidders and farm tractors. Lately modern forestry
machinery like harvester and forwarder started to be introduced in Romania. However little is
known about harvester and forwarder equipment in our country and one way to assess the
benefits and bottom neck of a given new technology is to do an extensive literature review.
Aims. This paper aimed to describe a concise view on harvesting and forwarding equipment
carried out in the past 23 years (1990-2012), by analyzing the main topics addressed by the
forest scientists. Furthermore it tries to identify the gaps in knowledge and synthetize the new
scientific approaches in order to improve our view on research methods when dealing with
such equipment.
Material and methods. All the inquired data bases belongs to the open access category in
order to see what articles can be obtain without having to have an active subscription.
Each of the papers mentioned above were queried using the following keywords: harvester
and forwarder, harvester, forwarder, cut-to-length harvester, hauling distances, soil damage
forwarder, productivity, delays. All the main concerns regarding harvesting and forwarding
were covered, some of them more than the others. Worldwide literature from scientific
journals, publications in the forestry field and conference proceedings was extracted, a total of
105 references were put together for this study. Each article was analyzed by descriptors like:
mean tree diameter, tree height, slope, type of cut (final cut, thinning), type of machine,
productivity, costs and then all the data was introduced in Excel program for further analysis.
Results. Results following the research of studied papers emphasizes the current trends in
scientific research. Due to this fact, we can predict what will be the future interests on
research topics conducted and if those trends can be applied also in our country.
Conclusion. All the gaps to be filled in by using scientific approaches after reviewing the
studied papers has to include in the future research the steepness of the terrain, the presence
of large stem diameters characterizing clear cuts, the type of cut related to the soil bearing
capacity, the undeveloped road network , experience and training of the machine operators.
Acknowledgment. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, Project
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/134378
227
THE EFFECT OF GA3 TREATMENT ON CALA (ZANTEDESCHIA
‘PICASSO’) CULTIVATED IN GREENHOUSE
Ioana Cristina ARHIP (ÎNSURĂȚELU)1* and Lucia DRAGHIA1
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Romania
*
Keywords: Aestivae, cv. ’Picasso’, gibberellic acid
Introduction. Zantedeschia genus includes two main sections, Zantedeschia and Aestivae
(Brown et al, 2005), differentiated by the type of underground organ, resting and flowering
period and the color of the spathe. Callas with colored spathes are a part of Aestivae section.
Literature mentions numerous studies on the effect of applying the treatments with plant
growth regulators on Zantedeschia (Mortazavi et al, 2011).
Aims. The paper aims to analyze the influence of growth regulators (gibberellic acid)
treatment on growth and development of callas grown in a greenhouse.
Materials and methods. Evaluation of gibberellins on calla plants (cv. 'Picasso') was carried
out in 2012-2014 in an experimental culture established in the greenhouse soil. Tubers were
treated prior to planting with GA3 solution (250 ppm). There have been made determinations
and observations regarding the mass tubers and their multiplication ability, the sbegining of
the vegetation period and the emergence of floriferous stems, plant height and length of
flower stems, number of leaves / plant, number of flowers / plant and the flowering period.
The results obtained in the treated variant were compared with the control, untreated.
Results. Weight and size of the tubers and the begining of the vegetation period of the plant
were not significantly affected by GA3 treatment. Instead, the treatment favored the formation
of leaves and flower stems, and determined early emergence of flowers and flowering stems
with 10-20 days.
Conclusion. It has been shown that tthe reatment with gibberellins on Zantedeschia 'Picasso'
tubers caused earlier flowering and the formation of a greater number of flowers and leaves.
References
1. Brown F.S., Snijder R.C. and van Tuyl J.M. (2005). Biparental Plastid Inheritance in
Zantedeschia albomaculata (Araceae). Acta Hort. 673:463-468
2. Mortazavi N., Naderi R. A., Majidian N., Naderi B. and Yavar Sharafi Y. (2011) The
effect of GA3 and BA on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of calla lily
(Zantedeschia aethiopica cv. Childsiana). African Journal of Microbiology Research
5(24):4190-4196.
228
THE EGGPLANTS CROP TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION BY
GRAFTING
Marian BOGOESCU1 and Madalina DOLTU1
1
The Institute of Research and Development for Industrialization and Marketing
of Horticultural Products
Keywords: Fusarium oxysporum, marketable yield, Verticillium dahlia
Introduction. The practice of grafting productive high quality cultivars onto rootstocks that
are resistant to soil-borne diseases has been done for many years and recent improvements in
the methodologies have spread quickly.
Aims. The objective of this research project was to evaluate the performance of grafted
eggplants grown in greenhouse conditions. The incidence and severity of soil-borne disease
and marketable yield were evaluated. Grafting has led to the significant reduction of the
incidence Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae and to the
increased marketable yield and quality.
Materials and Methods. The eggplant hybrid ‘Aragon F1’which is widely cultivated in the
south of the country, was grafted onto the resistant rootstocks ‘Torvum vigor’and ‘Emperador
F1’. For each pathogen agent,percent disease incidence (I%) and percent disease severity
(S%) was estimated. The resulted values were used to calculate the attack degree (as an
expression of extending attack seriousness) on the following formula: AD% =(S% x I %)
/100, where AD% represents attack degree. It was determined the influence of grafting
eggplants on the marketable yield (kg) and fruit quality.
Results. The frequency of damage to the plants of eggplants was significantly reduced by
grafting eggplant scions onto resistant rootstocks when growing in soil which was naturally
infected by soil borne pathogens. The marketable yield varied significantly between grafted
and non-grafted eggplants. The proportion of Class I fruit was significantly higher from the
grafted plants than from the ungrafted control plants, although there was no difference
between the two rootstocks in the proportion of Class I fruit.
Conclusion. Grafting eggplants onto ‘Torvum vigor’ or ‘Emperador F1’ rootstocks reduced
the frequency and severity of infection with the soil borne pathogens Verticillium dahliae and
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae , increased marketable yield and the proportion of
high quality Class I fruit.
References
1. Bletsos, F., Thanassoulopoulos, C. and Roupakias, D. (2003). Effect of grafting on
growth, yield and Verticillium wilt of eggplant. HortScience 38:183-186.
229
INFLUENCE OF ECO-CLIMATIC AND ECO-PEDOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS ON QUALITY OF WHITE WINE GRAPE VARIETIES
FROM NORTH-WEST OF ROMANIA
Florin-Dumitru BORA1, Tiberia-Ioana POP1, Claudiu-Ioan BUNEA1, Delia URCAN1,
Anca BABEŞ1, Leonard Mihaly-COZMUTA2, Anca Mihaly-COZMUTA2 and
Nastasia POP1*
1
Faculty of Horticulture, USAMV Cluj-Napoca
Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Baia Mare University Centre
*
2
Keywords: ecological conditions, grapes varieties of white wine, quality (sugar, acidity, pH)
Introduction. Most of the authors argue that obtaining a quality wine depends on the
chemical composition of the must. Sugar content, acidity, pH are the most important
characteristics of the must.
Aims. The purpose of this paper was to follow the influence of eco-climatic and ecopedological conditions in 2013 on the quality of three grapes varieties for superior quality
wine, in three different areas: Baia Mare, Şimleul Silvaniei and Turulung Vii.
Material and Methods. The biological material used was represented by three grape
varieties: Fetească albă, Fetească regală and Italian Riesling. The following determinations
were made: the sugar content and total acidity of must, the pH of must, the weight of 100
grapes-berries. The determination of sugar from must was made with the Zi du Bompas F49120 refractometer, the total acidity of the must was determinated by titration and for the pH
determined the pH/m InoLab 720-WTW was used.
Results. The soil type from Baia Mare is Aluvisol, from Şimleul Silvaniei is Luvosol and
from Turulung Vii is Preluvosol. The annual average temperature in 2013 in Baia Mare was
9.40C; in Şimleul Silvaniei 11.00C and in Turulung 11.20C. Regarding the sugar content from
must, the results indicate that Fetească albă (203 g/l) and Italian Riesling (201 g/l)
accumulated the highest amount of sugar in Şimleul Silvaniei. Fetească regală had the lowest
amount of sugar (166 g/l) in Baia Mare. The highest acidity was obtained in Fetească regală
in all areas of culture, and the lowest in Italian Riesling. Concerning the mass of 100 grapes,
Feteasca regală was remarked and recorded the best results (190 g, 189 g and 182 g) in all
three areas of culture, followed by Fetească albă and Italian Riesling.
Conclusion. The research results indicate a good pretability of the three grape varieties tested
for their cultivation under the conditions of North-West of Romania, in order to obtain wine
of superior quality. An exception in the area of Baia Mare, where in some years there can only
be produced table wines.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
230
STUDY ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE GENOTYPE AND
THE EXOGENOUS FACTORS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON
ROOTING OF GLOXINIA CUTTINGS
Erzsebet BUTA1, Maria CANTOR1, Denisa HORŢ1 and Radu SESTRAŞ1*
1
Department of Horticulture and Landscaping. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca.
*
Keywords: Sinningia, multiplication, peat, perlite, sand
Introduction. Obtaining valuable genotypes in terms of ornamental purposes and the improvement of
the decorative plants genetic fund are an ongoing concern to breeders across all regions of the world.
Genotypes with particular features and trait characteristics for breeding which can lend themselves to
efficient and rapid propagation methods are of great interest. The experiments conducted in this paper
allowed us to draw conclusions on identifying the best rooting substrate and the best type of cuttings.
The Gesneriaceae family comprises about 250 genera and about 3 200 species worldwide of which the
most common are: Achimenes, Aeschynanthus, Alsobia, Chirita, Columnea, Episcia, Gesneria,
Gloxinella, Kohleria, Nematanthus, Petrocosmea, Saintpaulia, Gloxinia, Smithiantha, Streptocarpus
(Cantor, 2008).
The first Gloxinia plants were introduced to cultivation by the famous plant collector William Lobb.
The correct scientific name of the species is Sinningia named after Wilhelm Sinning (1794-1874), the
German horticulturist who was the Garden Supervisor of Bonn University’s botanical garden. The
most used botanical name by cultivators is Gloxinia given by Peter Gloxin, a German physician and
botanical writer from Colmar (Germany) in 1785. The genus includes 12 species originating from
tropical America. Sinningia speciosa native to Brazil is the basic species from which derive the
hybrids traded today (Cervantes, 2010). The species is grown as an indoor plant, but can also be used
as an outdoor plant during summer.
Aims. The purpose of this study was to select valuable Gloxinia genotypes and to improve the genetic
fund of ornamental plants in our country. In order to achieve the proposed goal, the following
objectives were established: examining intraspecific variability in Gloxinia plant, the study of
vegetative propagation through leaves cuttings based on the cutting type; the study of the degree of
rooting cuttings; the influence of the substrate on rooting cuttings; the analysis on the interaction
between the genotype and the growth factors.
Materials and Methods. The experiments on monitoring the valuable Gloxinia genotypes and on the
improvement of the genetic fund of ornamental plants in our country were conducted in the period
2013-2014 within the greenhouse of the Floriculture Department of the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Three Gloxinia genotypes were tested (A, B, C) and
four rooting substrates: peat, perlite, peat + perlite, peat + perlite + manure (ratio 1:1:1). The combined
analyzed factors resulted in 12 experimental variants arranged in randomized blocks in three
replications. There were made 20 cuttings for each experimental variant.
Results. The Specialty Literature reports that the Gloxinia leaves cuttings root in 3-4 weeks at a
temperature of 18 ° C (Toogood, 1999). The research carried out showed that the rooting period of
Gloxinia leaves cuttings varied depending on the substrate used between 29 and 38 days. The studies
in the genus were differently influenced by the rooting environment, but also by the cutting type that
was made.
Conclusion. The best results in terms of rooting expressed by the length, leaf width and the length of
the root system were obtained in the B genotype in the substrate made of peat + perlite + manure.
Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
231
RESEARCH ON MAIN PESTS OF PLUM FRUIT PLANTATIONS
Gianina BUTNARIU1* and Mihai TĂLMACIU1
1
Department of Horticultural technologies. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Iasi, Romania.
*
Keywords: constancy, dominance, orchard
Introduction. Plum fruit plantations are significant and presents economic importance in
Romania so that it is imperative to study its pests, in order to determine effective ways to
combat them (Nela Tălmaciu, 2009).
Aims. The present study aimes in determining the taxonomic classification of the main pests
of plum fruit plantations. Its purpose is to find an effective way to prevent and to combat
them.
Materials and Methods. Research regarding the fruit plum pests is held in Vasile Adamachi
horticulture farm, Iaşi and in Pietrărie village, Iaşi. Plum orchards as well as surface
summarise five acres and the varieties present are Stanley and Rivers early on. Collection of
the pest is achieved by different methods: Barber traps (the introduction of formalin
containers into the soil), pheromone traps, by shaking the plum tree, by using entomological
drug grids. Collection period falls within May 2013 and July 2014. Basic research methods
used are observation and natural experiment, by applying chemical treatments in different
doses and laboratory experiment, by growing pests (seeds plum wasp - Eurytoma schreineri
Schr.).
Results. The data are analysed (chemical, biological, ecological), interpreted in Entomology
and plant protection laboratory of the Horticultural Research Centre, Faculty of Horticulture,
as well as in the laboratories of the Institute of Biological Research, Iasi, laboratories with
high level facilities. After collection and determination, will be establish damage threshold of
each species, the abundance, the dominance and the constancy in order to apply chemical
treatments required.
Conclusion. This paper acts as an update regarding damaging entomofauna. Determining the
plum fruit pests (their ecology, biology) leads to effective ways to combat them.
Acknowledgments. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Tălmaciu N. (2009). Plum pests plantations. Publishing House Performantica. Iaşi.
232
THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME PETUNIAS VARIETIES FOR
IMPROVEMENT THE ROMANIAN ASSORTMENT
Maria CANTOR1*, Erzsebet BUTA1 and Emese KRIZBAI1
1
Department of Landscaping and Horticulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: biological and morph- decorative characteristics, annual plant
Introduction. Petunias are one of the most plants grown in pots or ladscape for summer
design. The petunia is an annual flowering plant, in a variety of colors ranging from soft
pastels to rich jewels. The varieties of petunia plants and its flowers have exploded
exponentially as breeders have sought unusual colors and improved growth habits
(http://www.decodedplants.com/petunia-plant-varieties). Petunia varieties are described as
multiflora or grandiflora. Many new cultivars are bred with a mix of varieties or species to
create more hybrid petunias (Toma, 2009).
Aims. The main goal of the present study was to introduce new Petunia varieties imported
from Hungary for can improve the Romanian floral assortment. Lately many private flower
growers looking to improve range of new varieties of petunias in order to obtain additional
income, justifying objectives studied. The objectives were to evaluate the main biological and
morfo-decorative characteristics of some new petunias varieties (flower color, length flower
stems, number of flowers per branch, plant circumference and diameter, and the diameter of
the corolla).
Materials and Methods. The biological material consisted of seven petunias varieties:
„White”, „Hot Pink”, „Patio Red”, „Famous Blue”, „Lila White”, „Purple”, and ,,Hot Red”.
The trial conducted at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca during 2012-2013. The measurements and observations were made on 10
plants/variants in three replicates/each varieties. It was studied the biology and morphology of
the vegetative parts of the plants and of floral organs. The data were processed using the
classical statistical calculation. For a more accurate calculation varieties were characterized
by analysis of variance, LSD test.
Results. The seven varieties of Petunia hybrida under study present a wide range of colors:
'White' - white, 'Hot Pink '- dark pink, 'Patio Red’ - bright-red, 'Famous Blue' - indigo blue,
'Lila 'White' - lilac, 'Purple' - purple to pink cyclamen and 'Hot Red' – salmon. The varieties
'Hot red', 'White 'and 'Purple' had a large number of flowers and long branches. They have a
permanent and abundant flowering, having whole plant of great interest to plant lovers.
Conclusion. In the present research work, was analysed the main biological and morphodecorative characteristics of seven new petunias varieties and the best will be promoted in our
country.
References
1. Toma F. (2009). Floriculture and Floral Art. Ed. INVELMultimedia Bucharest.
2. http://www.decodedplants.com/petunia-plant-varieties-different-garden-styles/337.
233
CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING THE POSSIBILITY TO IMPROVE
THE ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) CULTURE TECHNOLOGY BY
DIRECT SOWING, IN THE SPECIFIC CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
FROM GHERLA TOWN
Alexandru-Dan CǍPRARIU1, Maria APAHIDEAN1*, Valeria Ioana NEACSU1 and
Alexandru Ioan APAHIDEAN1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Manaștur Street,
*
Keywords: density, onion, yield, variety
Introduction. The share of vegetable consumption in human nutrition is growing and healthy
eating have to include vegetables and fruits. We see in recent years that the standard of living
is measured in the amount of vegetables that you consume. (Bayer CropScience, 2014). Onion
is a profitable crop in terms of achieving a normal production.
Aims. The main reason for the research is to obtain as high yields in onion bulbs for fresh
consumption, contributing to the improvement of the culture technology of onion by direct
sowing in the Gherla area of two varieties of onions. In the experiences were used as
biological material two varieties of onion Density 4 variety and Ramata rossa di Milano
variety.
Materials and Methods. To achieve its purpose and objectives of the research were
organized comparative experiences in the field, which were polifactorial. The focus was on
three factors: variety, sowing period and plant density, each with two graduations.
Results. Average yield for Density 4 variety is higher for a density of 1000 pl/ha, compared
with density of 2000 pl/ha, the production 10.45 t/ha, the average yield for Ramata rossa di
Milano variety is higher for a densities of with 2000 pl/ha, compared to the density of 1000
pl/ha, production incresed with 2.07 t/ha.
Conclusion. As the average weight of bulbs, we can conclude that in both varieties of onion,
the yield is lower for the 2000 pl/ha density.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Bayer CropScience. (2014). Success in horticultural crops today and tomorrow. Ed. S.C.
Bayer SRL. Bucharest.
234
ARCHITECTURAL INSTALLATIONS AND THE CITYSCAPE –
PLACE, IDEA, INTERVENTION
Mihaela Agata CEHAN1 and Constanta Carmina GHEORGHITA1*
1
Faculty of Architecture. Technical University of Iasi,Romania.
*
Keywords: idea, intervention, architectural installation, place
Introduction. The urban landscape, also known as cityscape, is born with the city, and
represents the main place for architecture’s development. The public space, a very dynamic
space, is always evolving, weaving a multitude of objects of various shapes, colours and sizes,
thus determining a living landscape.
Aims. The main objective of this work is understanding a creative approach inspired by a
particular place. Identifying the relationship place - idea - intervention and illustrating these
links result was the purpose of this exercise. The awareness of the process itself, in all its
stages is as important as the final result. In this context it is not relevant solely for to what
extent an intervention meets certain functional requirements, but also how it manages to
attract, even for a limited period of time, human interest and support urban dynamics.
Feedback from the passer becomes key landmarks, generating emotions and feelings becomes
a purpose in itself.
The study focuses on analysing context, highlighting the main features and generating
coherent ideas, which is justified by the specificity of the site. This project develops a spatial
thinking, based on a generating concept.
Materials and Methods. Every place, site, generates, in terms of architectural solutions, a
particular answer. As there are no two identical locations, there should not be two identical
architectural objects. The idea is generated by observing reality; it is the component that gives
clarity and unity to an architectural project. The method of action proposed by this project
will be materialized in the form of architectural installations.
Results. What is an architectural installation? The connection between architecture and the
other art forms has long been a topic of discussion among architects, in an attempt to prove
that they coexist. Installations are the art that surrounds and interacts with the viewer, art that
can be inhabited.
Conclusion. We understand through architectural installation that part of the architecture that,
often conceptual, is always happening and whose purpose is to mark a point or to deliver a
message/concept. Architectural installation isn’t creating an object (or one with a fleeting
presence), but an event.
References
1. The Art of Architecture: 10 Incredible Installation Projects, Digital Magazine on Urban
Architecture,
Art,
Design,
Travel,
&
Technology
on
http://weburbanist.com/2009/04/13/the-art-of-architecture-10-incredible-installations/
accessed on 1st June 2014
2. Țurlea C. (2008). Arhitectura și spațiile publice. Editura Cadmos, Bucureşti.
235
LAGURUS OVATUS – ORNAMENTAL GRASS CULTIVATED IN THE
PEDO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF N-E ROMANIA
Elena Liliana CHELARIU1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1, Maria BRÎNZĂ1 and Mirela
COJOCARIU1
1
Faculty of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine from Iaşi,
Romania.
*
Keywords: Lagurus ovatus, ornamental grass, capitalization
Introduction. Lagurus ovatus belongs to Poaceae botanic family and is cultivated in rusticity
areas 8-10 (11). It’s annual specie with a bush aspect, height of 30-50 cm and leaves with a
light green colour. Flowers are grouped in small compact spikes, with a green white yellow
colour. Fruits blossoming and maturation took place phased from summer till autumn.
Aims. The aim of the current paper is to analyse the aspects regarding multiplication and
behaviour of Lagurus ovatus specie in cropping conditions from Iaşi County, Romania.
Materials and Methods. Research material was represented by Lagurus ovatus. Were
established five experimental variants represented by different substrate types utilised for
sowing: V1 garden soil, V2 garden soil + leaves soil (1:1), V3 garden soil + leaves soil + peat
(1:1:1), V4 leaves soil + peat (1:1) and V5 jiffy pots. Observations and determinations were
carried out in the didactic collection of Floriculture Discipline from UASVM Iaşi, Romania,
during 2013-2014 and had in view the aspects regarding seedlings obtaining and also the
behaviour of plants.
Results. At the end of the current research we observed that for seedlings production the best
results were obtained at variant V3, followed by V2 and V4; and in cropping conditions at
variants V3, V2 and V4 the results were quite close as values.
Conclusion. In conclusion we can affirm that Lagurus ovatus is an ornamental grass which
could be easy multiplied through seeds and for establishing of crops is recommended the
utilisation of seedlings.
236
RESEARCH ON STUDY OF SOME CULTIVARS OF AUTUMN
CABBAGE AT IERNUT SCDL
Lidia Ioana (CHIPER) POPA1, Elena ŞTEFĂNESCU1, Minerva HEITZ1, JaninaClaudia CĂPUŞAN1*, Alexander-Kurt HEITZ1 and Elena Liliana DUMITRAŞCU1
1
The Iernut’resort of research and development of vegetable production, Iernut, Romania
*
Keywords: cultivars, main features, variability, production potential
Introduction. The diversity of the assortment of vegetables in general and the diversity of
cultivars within each species presents a great importance in ensuring the consumers’
preferences and orientation towards satisfying consumer manufacturers from which to draw a
profit as possible. This principle was based on the ameliorative selection process of the four
lines of autumn cabbage.
Materials and methods. The five cultivars (the varieties: Mocira, L-Poenita, L-Covasna, LNiraj, L-Mures) used as biological material, although they have some phenotypic’ similarities,
also have features which clearly distinguish between them. Have different vegetation periods,
thus the three years of study registered an average of 120 days to L-Niraj, 132 days to LMureş, 140 days-to L-Covasna, 145 days to L-Poienita and 153 days to Mocira variety. The
experimental researches were carried out in the research field of SCDL Iernut, during 20092012, in the comparative crops. The parent plants variants had a density of 35 thousands
plants/ha, and seed plants had a density of 40 thousands plants/ha. In seed-tree phase the five
cultivars were isolated by protective curtains. During the period of vegetation (both from the
parent plant and in seed-tree phase) have been carried out: phenotypic observations, biometric
measurements and phenological records. The technological and physiological maturity were
carried out observations (regarding the color, shape, degree of compaction’ cabbage head,
resistance to disease) and biometric measurements (size and weight, the quantity of seed
(g/plant and kg/ha) etc.).
Results. Using data on observations and biometrical measurements were performed for
statistical calculations (average 3 years) on the variability of features and plant productivity of
technological and physiological maturity. Biggest cabbage head production was done at the
Mocira variety (120 t/ha), and is distinguished from the average of the five cultivars
significantly positive. The L-Covasna variety it was significantly positively differentiated
from the cultivars average. The lowest production of cabbage head was recorded at L-Mures
variety.
Conclusion. The four lines of autumn cabbage has importance to expanding biodiversity
within the species Brassica oleracea L., through their respective characteristics. To
technological maturity, Mocira variety registered the highest production potential (120 t/ha),
and to physiological maturity, L-Poienita it has recorded the highest production potential
(1161 kg/ha).
References
1. Ceapoiu N.(1968). Metode statistice aplicate în experienţele agricole, Ed. Agro-Silvică,.
2. Ciofu R., Stan N., Popescu V., Chilom P., Apahidean S., Horgoş A., Berar V., Lauer K. F.
and Atanasiu N. (2003). Tratat de Legumicultura. Ed.Ceres, Bucureşti.
3. Indrea D., Apahidean Al.S., Apahidean M., Măniuţiu D., Sima R. (2013) Cultura
legumelor, Ediţia a III-a. Ed.Ceres, Bucureşti.
237
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS PLANT GROWTH MEDIA PREPARED
WITH FRESH AND AGED SPENT MUSHROOM COMPOST ON THE
NUTRIENT CONTENT OF CRYSANTHEMUM (Chrysanthemum
morifolium)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2 and Gülay KARAHAN3
1
Department of Landscape Architecture, Division of Plant Material and Cultivation, Çankırı
Karatekin University, Turkey.
2
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Ankara University, Turkey
1
Department of Soil Science and Ecology, Çankırı Karatekin University, Turkey.
*
Keywords: Crysanthemum, growth parameters, growth media, spent mushroom compost
Introduction. Crysanthemum is one of the most preferred ornamental plants among perennial
plants. The mainly reasons of this are blossoming in autumn, remaining bloomy for a long
time, existence of its different alternatives. Furthermore, it has facility of using inside,
because small bloomy forms of chrysanthemum can be grown in pots.
Aims. In this greenhouse study, nutrients contents of Crysanthemum (Chrysanthemum
morifolium ‘Vista’) in the media containing fresh (unweathered) and ripe (weathered 2 years)
spent mushroom compost that will lessen organic soil input and meet its need of nutrients for
cultivation.
Materials. In this context, 13 different mixtures including spent mushroom compost, organic
soil and perlite were prepared. Each mixture was tested five times in completely randomized
designed and the effects of mentioned 13 mixtures on nutrients determined in the end of the
trial were compared. Besides some physical and chemical characteristics of the materials used
in the trial, nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc,
manganese and copper were determined as a sign of visual parameters of nutrition of
chrysanthemum.
Conclusion. At the end of this study, some advices were given about spent mushroom
compost where chrysanthemum can be grown most appropriately.
238
DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN SEVERAL TAGETES L. CULTIVARS
Raluca CICEVAN1*, Mohamad Al HASSAN2, Oscar VICENTE2, Monica BOSCAIU3,
Adriana SESTRAŞ1 and Radu SESTRAŞ1
1
Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca
2
Institute of Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Polytechnic University of Valencia
3
Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Polytechnic University of Valencia
*
Keywords: antioxidants, growth parameters, osmolytes, oxidative stress, water stress
Introduction: The species of the Tagetes genus are among the most well-known ornamentals,
but are also valuable medicinal plants, and used as well in the food and cosmetics industries
(Sehrish et al. 2013). On the background of global warming, with increasing scarcity of water
resources, studies on the responses to drought of cultivated plants, including ornamentals, are
becoming extremely important.
Objectives: The main objectives of the work were to analyse the biochemical responses to
drought of the two Tagetes species under study, and to identify the most tolerant cultivars.
Materials and Methods: Seeds of five Tagetes patula L. and of five T. tenuifolia Cav.
commercial cultivars were sown in pots on a mixture of peat and vermiculite and watered
with Hoogland´s nutritive solution for three weeks; then watering was completely stopped for
the plants subjected to the drought treatment and continued for control plants. Growth
parameters were measured twice a week: stem length, number of leaves, and the length of the
longest leaf; some plants were weekly harvest to measure fresh weight and dry weight of their
aerial parts. After three weeks of water-stress treatment, plants were sampled and chorophyll,
carotenoid, osmolytes, oxidative stress markers and antioxidants levels were determined in
leaf material.
Results: Differences in drought tolerance were detected between the two species investigated
and among cultivars within the same species. In T. patula, cv. ‘Bolero’ was more tolerant than
the other four studied cultivars, showing less dehydration and a lower degree of oxidative
stress. In T. tenuifolia, cv. ‘Luna Lemon’ and cv. ‘Luna Orange’ were found to be the most
sensitive to water stress, with the strongest inhibition of vegetative growth, and the highest
water losses and oxidative stress levels.
Conclusion: All cultivars were affected by water stress, but with widely variable levels of
tolerance, even within the same species. Their tolerance to stress may be correlated with the
relative contribution of different osmolytes to osmotic adjustment in different cultivars.
References
1. Sehrish S., Khalid S., Qureshi R. and Ali Ahsan B. (2013). Tagetes minuta L., a useful
underutilized plant of family Asteraceae. Pak J Weed Sci Res 19(2):179-189.
239
THE CONCEPT OF GENIUS LOCI IN RELATION TO LANDSCAPE
CHANGES
Alexandru CIOBOTA1*, Miroslava SLIACKA2, Vladimir OBRADOVICI1
1
Department of Architecture. “Polytechnic” University of Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Landscape Planning. Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic.
*
2
Keywords: community, Genius loci, landscape,
Introduction. “I lost two cities, lovely ones. And, vaster, some realms I owned, two rivers, a
continent. I miss them, but it wasn’t a disaster” (Bishop, 1994).The author’s poem about
change is strongly connected to the relation between human and landscape, since we are part
of the landscape and landscape is part of us. Having this connection, people accept landscape
changes just as they accept generation changes. These changes are reflected in livelihoods and
community cohesion, or, one can argue, in Genius loci.
Aims. This paper is about how two villages can be similar in what regards the origins of the
people populating them and their period of colonization, but still differ in terms of landscape
and habits. Both villages, Garnik and Ravensca, are situated in the Caras-Severin County, the
Romanian Banat, and were settled by Czech people. Even if, historically, the villages were
forest exploitation oriented, with certain impact on the landscape, nowadays the activities of
those communities are more diverse, ranging from forestry and agriculture to tourism, and
they determine various changes in the landscape. The research focuses on two debate levels
related to the concept of Genius loci: the material and the immaterial.
Materials and Methods. bibliography, landscape analyse, field interview.
Results. In what regards the material level, our research focused on topography, natural
conditions, land use and architecture. The immaterial dimension refers to traditions, crafts and
the relation between the community and the landscape. Using Vaclav Cilek’s sentence,
“Genius loci is why we keep coming back to a place“, as a starting point for our debate, we
complete his idea with: „Genius loci is why people keep staying in a place.” We prefer an
outwards approach focused on the relation between the community and the landscape, rather
than Cilek‘s inwards point of view which refers more to people who come to a community in
a certain landscape.
Conclusion. What could be the reason for those people to stay/to remain in raw geographic
and climate conditions, in isolation from other communities? „We were born here, so we have
to live here” (grandmother Veverková, field int., June 2014).
240
INVOLVEMENT OF THE GLYCINE-RICH RNA-BINDING PROTEINS
(GRP) IN PLANT ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONSE: A COMPARISON
BETWEEN GRP 2 AND GRP 7
Oana CIUZAN1*, Simona-Laura LAZAR1, Mihai-Lucian LUNG1, Oana-Lelia POP1 and
Doru PAMFIL1
1
Department of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
Keywords: abiotic stress, Arabidopsis thaliana, drought, glycine-rich proteins (GRP)
Introduction. The plant glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins (GRP) are a major class of
proteins known to be implicated in plant response to abiotic and biotic stress. Recent studies
regarding this type of proteins focused mostly on two of these, namely GRP2 and GRP7,
which are mainly involved in osmotic and oxidative plant adaptation mechanisms.
Aims. The main purpose of this research was to assess the involvement of two glycine-rich
RNA binding proteins (GRP2 and GRP7) in seed germination capacity under drought stress
conditions using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
Materials and Methods. The plant material was composed out of seed batches obtained from
the T-DNA insertion Arabidopsis thaliana mutant lines labelled grp2 (knock-out mutant for
the glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2), grp7-1 (knock-out mutant for the glycine-rich RNAbinding protein 7), and the Col0 ecotype, which was used as control. For the germination
assay, the control medium was supplemented with three different concentrations (100mM,
200mM and 300mM) of mannitol. The control medium used was ½ MS (Murashige&Skoog)
vitamin medium without sugar. Fifty seeds were placed on each Petri dish containing medium
with different concentrations of mannitol and the germination was assessed each day during
one week. After this period, the germination rate was estimated. Three independent replicates
were used and the statistical analysis, namely the ANOVA test, was made using the GraphPad
Prism software (trial version).
Results. We observed a difference between the 2 mutants: grp2 seeds germinated similarly on
the control medium as well as on the medium supplemented with various mannitol
concentrations, while grp7-1 seeds showed a poor germination rate on all three mannitol
culture mediums. The germination rate of the grp2 seeds was also increased, on all the culture
mediums used, in comparison to the control Col0 seeds.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that even though the two proteins
GRP2 and GRP7 belong to the same family, their implication in the seed germination
capacity under drought stress is opposite, one enhancing the germination, while the other
suppressing it.
241
STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF SOME CONDITIONING
TREATMENTS ON SOME VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN TĂMÂIOASĂ
ROMÂNEASCĂ WINES
Cintia COLIBABA1*, Marius NICULAUA2, Florin VARARU1,
Camelia LUCHIAN1, Liliana ROTARU1, Valeriu V. COTEA1
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Studies and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Romania.
2
Oenological Research Center – Romanian Academy – Iasi Branch
*
Keywords: conditioning treatments,Tămâioasă românească, volatiles
Introduction: Wine aroma is one of the most important factors that influence wine quality
and consumer acceptance (Bakker and Clarke, 2011) The presence, absence or different
proportions of volatile compounds can be greatly influenced by both viticultural and
enological (fermentation conditions, postfermentation treatments) factors (Jackson, 2008).
Aims: The present study aims at studying the influence of some fining treatments on the
physical-chemical composition as well as on the volatile compounds of Tămâioasă
românească wines from Cotnari vineyard.
Materials and Methods: Five experimental samples were obtained: TR M - control sample
(no fining treatment), TR V1 (potassium sorbate treatment), TR V2 (filtration), TR V3 (gum
Arabic treatment), TR V4 (cellulose gum treatment). The physical-chemical analyses were
done according to the Compendium of International Methods of Analysis of Wine and Musts.
A GC-MS quantitative analysis was also performed.
Results: The obtained samples are dry wines, with over 11,8% vol. The non-reductive extract
has high values (approx. 21 g/L). From the point of view of the quantified volatile
compounds, the highest values are registered in the case of butanedioic acid diethyl ester, with
a slightly fruity, apple and ylang aroma, as follows: TR M - 974,4772 µg/L, TR V1 2380,997 µg/L, TR V2 - 1002,884 µg/L, TR V3 - 961,0346 µg/L și TR V4 - 1043,183 µg/L.
The quantified terpenic compounds of Tămâioasă românească wines were trans-geraniol and
beta-ionone, linalool being under the detection limit of the GC-MS.
Conclusion: The fining treatments have a high influence on the volatile composition of the
experimental samples, big differences appearing in the case of the gum Arabic and cellulose
gum treatments.
Acknowledgements: The publishing of this study was made possible with the help of the
USAMV internal research grant 5526/25.04.2013.
References
1. Bakker, J. and Clarke, R. (2011). Wine: Flavour chemistry (2nd ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
2. Jackson, R. S. (2008). Wine science: Principles and applications. Boston: Elsevier.
242
STUDIES ON IMPROVING THE DEGRADED PASTURE LANDS OF
AREA BREBINA - ZĂRNEŞTI
Alexandru COLIŞAR1*, Vasile CEUCA1, Ancuţa Maria IVAN2,
Iancu CRĂCIUN3 and Adela HOBLE1
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
2
INCDO-INOE2000, ICIA subsidiary Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Forestry administration of Town Hall Zarnesti, 1, Mitropolit Ioan Meţianu St., Brasov, Romania
*
Keywords: environmental protection, erosion, land improvement, pastures
Introduction. Agricultural land degradation (Muresan et al., 1992) is defined as the
quantitative and qualitative decline caused by man’s mismanagement. The use and
management of natural resources by man, among which one can also mention the natural
resources of soil, had and still has a number of expected favourable consequences, but this
comes also together with unexpected adverse consequences, or, at least, unintended (Budiu
and Muresan, 1996).
Aims. At the moment, in our country the problem of the degraded lands improvement not
only it re-came to everyone’s attention, but it will experience an upward course, up to the
normal settlement, as it is supposed to be. It was necessary to apply a set of measures which
consisted in conducting the deforestation works, leveling the erosion formations, leveling and
surface modelling and/ or collecting and removal of stones brought to the surface.
Materials and Methods. The works applied in order to combat soil erosion on slopes were
properly conducted according to the existing situation in the field, thus, it was necessary to
apply a set of measures which consisted in conducting the deforestation works, leveling the
erosion formations, leveling and surface modelling and collecting and removal of stones
brought to the surface. The works performing created the premises for applying the agrophito-technical measures that stabilize the ground and prevent triggering further erosion. In
the studied area, Brebina, one proposed: combat of soil erosion, removal of moisture excess,
marginal channels and falls, removal of worthless shrub vegetation, refitted and strengthened
roads.
Results. The land can be degraded due to landslides, erosion and moisture excess. In this
context, one analyzed the ways of rendering aside the less productive land, affected by
different types of degradation in the Brebina area. The experiences were placed on three types
of soil, which were taken into study: aluviosol, vertic luvosol and stagnic luvosol, using a
mixture of perennial grasses and legumes for pastures. The mono-factorial experience had
eight variants, placed in three repetitions.
Conclusion. One efficient way to exploit the land recently subject to improvement works is
the cultivation of fodder crops, respectively temporary pastures of complex associations, such
as grasses and perennial pulse in pastures; The floristic composition in terms of grass/ pulse is
influenced by the level of nitrogen fertilization, soil type and climatic conditions.
References
1. Budiu V. and Mureşan D. (1996). Desecări şi combaterea eroziunii solului. Ed. Genesis,
Cluj,
2. Mureşan D., Pleşa I., Onu N., Savu P., Nagy Z., Jinga I., Teodoroiu Al., Păltineanu I.,
Toma I. and Vasilescu I. (1992). Irigaţii, desecări şi combaterea eroziunii solului. Ed.
didactică şi pedagogic, Bucureşti.
243
RESEARCHES MADE TO DETERMINE THE PEST DAMAGE LEVEL
ON GREENHOUSES ROSES
Ioana Andreea CONŢIU, Maria CANTOR* and Anca HUSTI
Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agronomical Science and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: diseases, damage level, chemical treatment, cultivars
Introduction. The rose is a living organism that risks at any time, as any other plant, to be
affected by diseases and pests. For pest and disease control chemical treatments are used, but it
should be carefully considered to what phenophase the rose is, when applying certain substances,
as applied in inappropriate phenophase can be dangerous for the plant. Each species of pests has
certain specific constants, which are determined by tracking for a long period of time in the nature
and the development laboratory, according to certain climatic conditions, namely: minimum,
optimum and maximum temperature, relative humidity, the amount required for the effective
temperature completion of each stage (Hatman et al, 1989).
Aims. The goal of the work was to determine the damage level of the diseases and pests for roses
cultivars cultivated in greenhouses on soilles. During the researches were determinate: the degree
of infection to the rose powdery mildew - Podosphaera pannosa; the degree of infection to the
grey mould - Botrytis cinerea and the degree of infection to the commune red spider Tetranychus urticae.
Materials and methods. The biological material used in experiences was from ‘Iris Roses
Greenhouse’ from Cluj-Napoca and were represented by ten roses cultivars: ‘Avalanche’,
‘Revue’, ‘Marina’, ‘Demetra’, ‘Good Times’, ‘Testarossa’, ‘Bordeaux’, ‘Samba’, ‘Chic’ and
Merci. The degree of infection and parasitic diseases effect is determined by the frequency and
intensity of the attack. The damage or the loss is expressed by the term 'degree of pest' (GD). To
determine the frequency, intensity and degree of attack is of high importance in assessing
damages, in estimates of production during vegetation, in establishing the pace of implementation
of treatment, and in determining the effectiveness of different methods and crop protection against
phytopathogens (Rădulescu and Rafailă, 1972). The measurements were done and the data will be
interpreted statistically by using the calculus formula of the degree of infection of the diseases that
is established by the frequency and intensity of the damage.
Results. ‘Avalanche’ and ‘Merci’ varieties had the best resistance to powdery mildew attack.
Regarding the degree of attack to grey mould ‘Bordeaux’ and ‘Marina’ varieties had the best
resistance, with values of 11.4% and 17.2% from ‘Good Times’ and ‘Revue’ varieties which
recorded values 53.4% and 43.8%. It notes a stronger degree of red spider attack to varieties
‘Testa Rossa’ (49.1%), ‘Bordeaux’ (44%) and ‘Good Times’ (38.9%), in contrast to varieties
‘Revue’ and ‘Marina’, with values 12.4% and 15.6%.
Conclusion. In a commercial culture, in greenhouses, both preventing and controlling diseases
and pests is the starting point for obtaining profitable crops. Based on the obtained results,
recommendation will be made for the crop widespread for the studied cultivars in greenhouses.
References
1. Hatman M, Bobeş I, Lazăr Al., Gheorghieş C., Glodeanu C., Severin V., Tuşa C., Popescu I. and
Vonica I. (1989). Fitopatologie. Ed. Didactică şi Pedagogică Bucureşti.
2. Rădulescu E. and Rafailă C. (1972). Tratat de Fitopatologie Agricolă. Ed. Academiei RSR.
Bucureşti.
244
QUALITATIVE TREE ASSESSMENT - BUCHAREST: PRIDVORULUI
CASE STUDY
Diana Lavinia CULESCU1* and Claudia FABIAN2
1
I.M.R.V.A. Doctoral School, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest,
Romania
2
Dep. of Landscape, Biodiversity and Ornamental Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, University of
Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords: qualitative survey, tree assessment, vegetation maintenance
Introduction. Romanian legal frame states the importance and the expected outcomes for the
assessment of urban green space and the vegetation cover - both at a quantitative and
qualitative level - but the implementation of the demarche is delayed by the lack of proper
tools. The Green Space Register developed by municipalities is limited to enumerating the
green spaces and the vegetation without regard for quality.
Aims. The paper is presenting the implementation of a quality tree assessment method, prior
developed by the authors to address this problem, on Pridvorului site - part of Vacaresti Park
(Bucharest).
Materials and Methods. Field measurements and observations have been carried out. Data
were gathered based on afore established principles of notation and analysis criteria that refer
to: estimated age, physical features, state and value of the trees. Descriptive plans and sheets
were generated depicting the current state and the conclusions.
Results. The assessment revealed important facts on Pridvorului site. The majority of the
specimens are young trees, but most of them suffered debilitations as a result of inadequate
care, inter-species competition, etc. The percentage of long term viable vegetation is very low
and the number of spontaneous elements is high, putting pressure on local resources and, thus,
further threatening the integrity the other trees. The aesthetic and historic values of the
vegetation are rather low and its poor condition needs to be addressed rapidly.
Conclusion. The results of the study stress once again the importance of this tools for a
proper vegetation quality assessment based on which further suitable recommendation for
landscape / vegetation maintenance can be made.
Acknowledgment. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013
References
1. Law 24/2007 (Regulation and management of green spaces in urban)
2. Littlewood M. (1988) - Tree Detailing, Anchor-Brendon Ltd., Essex
3. Order no. 1549/2008 (Technical Norms for the development of local Green Space
Register)
245
LANDSCAPING PROPOSALS FOR OUTDOOR SPACES BELONGING
TO "AL. I. CUZA" UNIVERSITY OF IASI
Doina Mira DASCALU
Faculty of Horticulture, U.S.A.M.V. Iasi, Romania.
Keywords: landscaping design, outdoor spaces, recovery, revitalization, university
Introduction. The economic crisis affects higher education institutions in Romania mainly by
the lack of funds for rehabilitation and modernization. Outdoor spaces belonging to these
institutions are mostly degraded in terms of landscape. Abroad, many exterior spaces of
universities are designed to provide students conditions propitious to study and relaxation.
Yet, there are still few theoretical landscape studies of specialists regarding the conception
and analysis of designing specific outdoor spaces for universities.
Aims. After the restoration of “building A”, for “building B” of the University of Iasi AIC are
not enough funds for rehabilitation, nor for indoor spaces, nor for exterior spaces. In the back
area of the “building B” there are three courtyards unequipped and almost deserted. These
spaces are in an advanced stage of decay. This paper presents two proposals of landscaping
design for the three courts, in order to provide some judicious recovery and revitalization
solutions of these areas.
Materials and Methods. On the basis of proposals stayed the documentary study, the
investigation of the existing situation, of dysfunction and needs, and finally the comparative
analysis leading to the completion of problem-solving solutions.
Results. Starting from identifying issues and needs raised by the loss, through degradation
and disuse, of many outdoor spaces of Romanian universities, the proposals create two
versions of courtyard planning, with various areas, designed as multifunctional spaces. These
spaces are conceived to provide rest, relaxation, self-study and outdoor courses, workshops
and colloquia cultural and other extracurricular activities.
Conclusion.Proposals for recovery and revitalization of these areas provides solutions
applicable in many cases of degradation of universities exterior spaces. Their creation will
enhance the quality of education and academic life.
References
1. Jurov C. (2006). Arhitectura ambianţelor-elemente de teorie cognitivă şi psihologie
ambientală în arhitectură, Editura Capitel, Bucureşti.
2. Reid W. G. (2007). From concept to form in Landscape Design, J. Wiley & Sons, Canada.
3. Weilacher U. (1999). Between landscape architecture & landart, Ed. Birkhause, Basel.
246
TILLAGE PRACTICES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
AND A SUSTAINABLE VITICULTURE
Alin DOBREI1*, Alina DOBREI1, Florin SALA2 and Eleonora NISTOR1
1
Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry, UASMV “Regele Mihai I al Romaniei” from Timisoara,
Romania
2
Faculty of Agriculture, UASMV “Regele Mihai I al Romaniei” from Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords: climate change, tillage, viticulture
Introduction.Tillage in the vineyard is carried out to preserve the soil loosening, for
maintaining the humus and nutrients in soil, for activation of chemical and biological
processes and for weeds control (Murisier and Sbeuret, 1986).Choosing the most suitable
system of vineyards floor management (middle rows, undervine, around vineyard) is a major
problem on which depends preserving or enhancing soil fertility, improvement or worsening
of soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics, securing water from soil and weed
control (Tesic et al., 2007).
Aims.The aim of this study was to identify the most appropriate options for maintenance of
soil in vineyards located on flat land or mild slopes, and soils with a medium or high fertility.
Materials and Methods. The experimental variants consist of different practices of soil
tillage, as follows: V1 row middles herbs and grasses strip, bare soil by tillage undervine; V2
bare soil by tillage floor between vines+herbicides treatment undervine; V3 row middles bare
soil by tillage+bare soil by tillage undervine; V4 row middles soil ripping+bare soil by tillage
undervine; V5 raw middles herbs and grasses strip+manual hoeing undervine; V6 bare soil by
tillage row middles+rotary hoe undervine; V7 raw middles herbs and grasses strip+herbicides
treatment undervine. According to each variant, were performed on grape varieties
observations regarding: buds viability, quantitative production, yield quality, etc.
Results. The best yield per hectare was achieved in variant in which soil was maintain bare
soil by tillage row middles and with rotary hoe undervine (V6).
Conclusion. On soils with slightly moisture deficiency, and a higher content of clay,
vineyards floor management is recommended to be maintained by rotary hoe, both undervines
with the adjustable rotary tiller and on raw middles.
References
1. Murisier F. and Sbeuret E.(1986). L’enherbement des sols viticoles. Revue suisse Vitic.Arboric.
Hortic.18:291-294.
2. Tesic D., Keller M. and Hutton R.J. (2007). Influence of vineyard floor management
practices on grapevine vegetative growth, yield, and fruit composition. Am. J. Enol. Vitic.
58(1):1-11.
247
THE LANDSCAPE THROUGHOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL
FRAMEWORK: ROMANIAN CASE
Claudia FABIAN1* and Diana Lavinia CULESCU2
1
Dep. of Landscape, Biodiversity and Ornamental Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, University of
Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Romania
2
I.M.R.V.A. Doctoral School, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest,
Romania
*
Keywords: environment, landscape, legal framework
Introduction. The current Romanian environmental legislation is a wide field, with numerous
regulations concerning the environmental protection that provide information about the
condition and the quality of natural elements. The landscape seen throughout the
environmental legal frame is not defining globally the interaction between natural and
anthropic components and is not emphasising this relation as stated in the European
Landscape Convention.
Aims. The study is analysing various definitions and perspectives through which the
landscape is approached. This synthesis aims to outline the role of landscape within
Romanian environmental normative acts.
Materials and Methods. The paper draws on the actual law enforcement that interprets the
landscape as a separate “item” adjoined to other natural features. The analysis criteria traced
the landscape definitions’ relevancy and the accounting of related terms within the acts that
consider the landscape as a part of biodiversity, preservation, protection and the interaction of
natural and anthropic environments.
Results. The analysis determined the importance held by the landscape within the Romanian
environmental framework. It also outlined the factors that are characterizing the landscape
through this perspective. In this context, the landscape is defined on distinct levels and is
often mentioned together with notions specific only for natural environments. The definitions
are frequently vague and the landscape approach is inconsistent with the corresponding
European framework that is tackling the issue as an interaction between natural and anthropic
factors.
Conclusion. The definitions mosaic within Romanian legal frame capture only punctually the
attributes of landscape. A suitable normative act that is regulating all its defining features is
definitely missing.
Acknowledgment. Finantat din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operational Sectorial
Dezvoltarea resurselor Umane Proiect POSDRU.
References
1. European Landscape Convention. (2000). Florence.
2. Law 345/2006 (Protected natural area, natural habitats, wild flora and fauna).
248
ECCLESIASTICAL LANDSCAPING IN IASI - ANALYSIS, QUALITY
FACTORS AND HIGHLIGHTING DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING
THE QUALITY OF ECCLESIASTICAL GARDENS
Constanta Carmina GHEORGHITA1 and Mircea GRIGOROVSCHI1
1
Faculty of Architecture. Technical University of Iasi, Romania.
*
Keywords: landscaping the orthodox space, architectural syntax of landscape
Introduction. The landscape is constituted as landscaping units, as different areas perceived
with a significantly different character from the next picture. Thus there is a human-landscape
interaction in the meaning of subjective perception of the existing objective, but also it reifies
through intervention and modelling of landscape performed subjectively by human or social
groups. The landscape is not restricted to the physical world around us; visually, it is also a
socio-cultural product and may be visible, cultural or symbolic. It can be perceived,
interpreted and communicated.
Aims. This study looks first at elements that define the value of the ecclesiastical assembly.
The research is mainly based on the result of the analysis of univocal relations established
between all elements of the architecture - art – landscape ensemble, which will generate
directions for improving the quality of the urban space.
Materials and Methods. Landscaping generates a communication processes through a varied
repertoire of signs and meanings which are communicated through an appropriate and specific
language and assembled by specific codes determined by the culture that produced them. It
should be noted that all these elements have a temporal and progressive dimensions, as
emerging and transforming the landscaping system. The temporal evolution of the landscape
is one theme of the study on landscaping ecclesiastical precincts. For studying and observing
were chosen several landscaping ecclesiastical sites within the city of Iasi for the following
reasons: they are more stable in time; they have in general a coherent structure established in
harmony and interconnected with the architectural object (objects); they contain various
vegetable and mineral elements and are furnished with works of monumental art, sculpture,
etc.
The study has been divided into two phases: first, analysing and evaluating, and second,
drafting solutions to revitalize and redevelop the studied areas.
Results. In general, the proposals for improving the urban image of the area and the overall
visual impact have sought to create new compositions of the space.
Conclusion. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the value of architectural ensembles is
based on a system of quality factors of the landscaping, dosed so as to generate a coherent
landscaped system, adapted so as to emphasize the value of the ecclesiastical space.
References
1. Crăciun C. (2009). Arta în spațiul peisagistic – element de coeziune al vieții comunitare.
Editura Universitară ”Ion Mincu”, Bucureşti.
2. Gheorghită and Grigorovschi (2013). The Importance Of Mineral-Vegetal Ratio in
Structuring The Landscaped Space of Some Iasi Churches. European Journal of Science
and Theology 9(4):285-295.
249
STUDY REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF CULTIVATING
HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L. ON ROCKWOOL MEDIA
Radu Mircea GIURGIU1*, Gavril MORAR1, Adelina DUMITRAŞ1 and Eniko LACZI1
Agriculture Faculty, University of Agriculture Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca
*
Keywords: Hypericum perforatum, hydroponics, rockwool
Introduction. Cultivation systems in controlled environments have advances a lot in the last
20 years. Hydroponics represents one of the most effective methods of growing plants that are
valued from the food or medicinal aspects.
Objectives. Hypericum perforatum L. is a widely known medicinal plant that is widespread
cultivated or harvested from spontaneous flora. The unpredictability of the market demand,
leads to barriers regarding introduction in commercial culture of the medicinal plants. The
main objective is studying the technological aspects of growing Hypericum perforatum L. in
rockwool in a way of having total control and demonstrating that it can be cultivated on large
scale with significant results.
Materials and Methods. The plant that have been studied is Hypericum perforatum L. and it
was planted in 2.5x2.5 cm rockwool cube and kept under constant humidity of 60% with regular
watering. After the seedling sprouted the cubes were moved in bigger cubes (7.5x7.5 cm) and
nutrient solution was added to the regular watering. The plants media and solution was constant
monitored and optimized while measurements regarding the dynamic of the developing of the
vegetative organs were conducted. Being a static solution often changes of the solution were
demanded. Careful monitoring of the humidity of the growing media was imposed due to the
rapid decade of the plants in the possibility of dehydration. The parameters of the solution
were constantly measured and optimised (EC, pH, temperature).
Results. Growing Hypericum perforatum L., hydroponically, has led to a sharp growth of the
plants, in shorter time then those cultivated traditionally, in soil, and their development was
healthy and vigorous. The plants have reached the peak of the vegetation stage in a significantly
less time, while showing healthy vegetative organs. The plants will be studied furthermore in
future research program, from the flowering and bioactive compounds, point of view.
Conclusion. Hypericum perforatum L. grown in rockwool media showed a rapid and constant
growth with vigorous vegetative organs, demonstrating the easiness of cultivating in
hydroponics while resulting in higher production compared with crops cultivated in soil.
References
1. Canter P.H., Thomas H. and Ernst E. (2005). Bringing medicinal plants into cultivation:
opportunities and challenges for biotechnology, Trends in biotechnology 23:180-185
2. Muntean L. S., Tămaş M., Muntean S., Muntean L., Duda M. M., Vârban D. I. and
Florian S. (2007). Tratat de plante medicinale cultivate şi spontane, Ed.Risoprint, ClujNapoca.
3. Pardossi A., Carmassi G., Diara C., Incrocci L., Maginni R. and Massa D. (2011).
Fertirigation and substrate management in closed soiless culture, Project KBBE-2007-1-204, Efficient use of inputs in protected Horticulture.
250
SOME ASPECTS OF OBTAINING NATURAL FRUIT JUICES BASED
ON CARROTS
Tincuţa Marta GOCAN1*, Ileana ANDREICA1, Vasile LAZĂR1 and Ileana BOGDAN1
1
University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Horticulture, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords: vitamin C, juice, orange
Introduction. Most consumers want a high quality juice that is cheap, has a nutritional value,
flavor, and color corresponding to fresh fruit without chemical preservatives. Juices may be a
nutritive medium for microorganisms because they contain sugar, organic acids, and traces of
amounts of organic nitrogen, minerals and acid pH (2.5-4) (Dan, 2001). The destruction of the
microorganisms is a time dependent process. Heat treatment is a very effective but not only
affects products, but also the chemical aspect. This protection is through the use of rather
short time and high temperature pasteurization, but by treating them with chemical
preservatives low temperature periods longer (Ros-Chumillas et al, 2007) The deterioration of
the juice is caused mainly by the presence of oxygen. The adverse effects of its presence are,
in addition to the oxidation of ascorbic acid, browning and development of aerobic bacteria.
Aims. Due to the beneficial effects of juice, intensely supported by the nutritional circles has
caused a great expansion of their use as remedies in various diseases. Their content in
potassium, bioflavone, vitamins and milliequivalents alkaline fruit juices and vegetables give
good results in the prevention and even treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This paper aims
to highlight the contribution of vitamin C and fruit acid after processing and getting juices.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was held in 2012 in the laboratory of Horticultural
Products Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, using as raw material products purchased from
authorized manufacturers in the following amounts for each type: 2:1 carrot juice with apple
juice; 2:1 carrot juice with orange juice; 1:1:1 juice carrots, apples and oranges.
Results and Discussion. Degree of fineness, is influenced mainly by structo-textural
products, abundant precipitation redundant by cocktails presented the predominant feedstock
carrot juice (carrot + apple + orange, carrots); the highest refractive extracts are present in the
blending of carrots + apples + oranges 1:1: 1, containing mainly due to apples and oranges;
high acidity and the content of vitamin C of oranges, oranges predominating cocktails prints
them a sweet - sour yellow - orange and aroma.
Conclusion. The main physicochemical parameter to be monitored over time to estimate the
content validity is vitamin C. Vitamin A (retinol) in the body resulting in enzymatic cleavage
of provitamin A, has a role in the formation of photosensitive pigments involved in vision,
maintaining immunity body's respiratory and digestive.
References
1. Dan, V. (2001). Microbiologia alimentelor. Editura Alma, Galaţi, 457.
2. Maria Ros-Chumillas, Yulissa Belissario, Asunción Iguaz and Antonio López, (2007),
Quality and shelf life of orange juice aseptically packaged in PET bottles, Elsevier, in
press, p.1-9.
251
A NEW PROBLEM FOR WESTERN ROMANIA: METCALFA
PRUINOSA (HEMIPTERA:FLATIDAE)
Ioana GROZEA1*, Mihai VLAD1, Alina GOGAN1, Ana Maria VIRTEIU 1, Ramona
STEF1, Alin CARABET 1, Snejana DAMIANOV 1and Teodora FLORIAN2
1
Agricultural Entomology Discipline, Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Banat’s University
of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Regele Mihai I al României” from Timisoara
2
Department of Environment and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Science and Medicine
Veterinary
*
Keywords: Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), cicada, invasive, polyphagous, larval colonies, damage
Introduction. The cicada considered for this study is Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), called flatid
plant hopper, a species that has recently caught the attention of experts in Romania. In year
2010, it was seen for the first time in the western part of country and it was identified by some
routine observations. Is considered a non-native species knowing that originated in America.
Aims. Objectives focused primarily exploration the territory in the western part, in order to
report the first larval colonies and secondly identification of host plants.
Materials and methods. Observations were made during three years, 2011 to 2013 and
included several points located near the western border. For monitoring of the immature
stages (larvae, nymphs) direct observations were made in green spaces, parks, vineyards and
orchards.
Results. Having in mind that larva is the most important stage, if we refer to damage plants,
all our attention was directed to this. Somewhat, the results certify the polyphagism of this
species, indicating numerous species of infested plants. Among, frequently infested with
larval colonies, in green spaces, were Acer negundo, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer campestre,
Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Catalpa bignonioides, Juglans regia, Ligustrum vulgare,
Hibiscus syriacus, etc. On the other hand, in the vineyards and orchards, plants affected were
Malus domestica, Persica vulgaris, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica and
Vitis vinifera. View as a whole, each observation point showed different levels of infestation,
from weak to pronounced; there were un-infested areas, too. The cicada causes direct and
indirect damages. There are various hypotheses connected to the effects it produces, some
negative, and other positive. As consequence of extracting the sap, and especially in the case
of some strong infestations, the entire evolution of a plant can be affected.
Conclusion. Currently, in the western part of Romania, over 50 host plants were identified,
tree species (shrubs, trees, fruit -trees), culture plants (sunflower, soy) and a lot of herbaceous
species. As regards the spread, cicada is present in 7 counties from west of country and
continue to expand on the direction of north, south and east.
252
THE CURRENT STATE OF CHARACTERIZATION OF ROMANIAN
VITIS VINIFERA L. GERMPLASM BY MOLECULAR MARKERS
Monica HÂRȚA1* and Doru PAMFIL1
1
Department of Biotechnology in Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
*
Keywords: germplasm, molecular markers, PCR, Vitis vinifera
Introduction. In Romania, in recent years, the concerns of some research teams have focused
on developing a national strategy for the characterization of germplasm fund at important
horticultural species, as response to the European Union initiative for inventory and
conservation of genetic resources. In this context, the European Union has developed
international research projects having as main aim collecting the data and improving
knowledge regarding conservation and sustainable use of Vitis genetic resources in Europe
(Pop et al., 2003; Motoc et al., 2010; Gheţea et al., 2012). Romania have a multimillenary
tradition in grapevine cultivation and wine production and considering this, it is necessary to
use efficient and reliable methods for the accurate identification of autochthonous and newly
created grapevine cultivars included in national germplasm fund.
Aims. In this paper, the advantages of using molecular markers in identification and
characterisation of the Romanian grape genotypes are discussed with the aim of grouping the
studies (conducted with DNA markers) related to genetic diversity characterisation and
potential for genetic improvement of this important species.
Conclusion. In the field of viticulture, some molecular markers (ex. SSRs – simple sequence
repeats) have been proven to be useful for the characterization of grape cultivars. The high
level of genetic variation among some Romanian grapevine varieties could be attributable of
the differences between geographical areas, significant variability of some local populations
and not least the Romanian viticulture tradition.
253
RESEARCH ON A PRODUCTION BY VEGETATIVE SEEDLINGS IN
THE NURSERY PICEA PUNGENS MIHAI VITEAZU
Liviu HOLONEC1*, Maria-Andreea ROMAN1, Alina TRUŢA1, Anna-Maria SZÁSZLEN1 and Florin REBREANU1
1
Department of Forestry. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, RO
*
Keywords: scion, rootstock, vegetative propagation, silver spruce, nursery
Introduction. In the forest are used in the production of seedlings by vegetative reproduction
in order to faithfully transmit characters from the parent plant to offspring if genetic loose
forms and varieties or to obtain faster and easier planting material in for some species, and to
hasten flowering and fructification (Dumitraş, 2008). Grafting is a method of vegetative
propagation, which in recent years has become widely used in forest nurseries by developing
many techniques that allowed running very successful adaptation of this method (Negruţiu,
1980).
Aims. This paper aims to study production by vegetative, by grafting, the seedlings of Picea
pungens var. Argent motoda grafting using the feint side, two categories of rootstock, 2 years
and 3 years and three diameters of 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were placed in nursery "Mihai Viteazu" from Turda, in
spring 2013. Graft is a piece of branch that will be merged in a stock of 1, 2 or 3 years.
Results. It is noted that the percentage of success values are variable, depending on the
diameter of rootstocks (from 68.33% to rootstocks of two years from 45% to rootstock of 3
years).
Conclusions. Otherwise, it is found that a smaller diameter of rootstocks (which does not fall
below 4 mm) ensures a better success of grafting.
References
1. Dumitraş A. (2008). General principles for design and planning of green spaces. Ed.
Academicpres.
2. Negruţiu F. (1980). Green spaces. Ed. Didactică și Pedagogică, București.
254
EFFECTS OF FUNGICIDE AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
TREATMENTS ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE
PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES
Ramona Aurelia HOROTAN1* and Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1
1
Departament of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca
Keywords: acetylsalicylic acid, fungicides, Lycopersicon esculentum
Introduction. Solanum lycopersicum L. (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a herbaceous
plant, vegetable, which naturally has a high food and therapeutic value. Using pesticides in
tomato crops diminishes this natural quality, affecting physiological and biochemical
functions. Fungicides, regardless of their origin (manufacturer), concentration or use, are
toxic to both environment and human health, causing lots of discussion and global
controversy. The salicylic acid act like a vegetal hormone that generate a positive impact on
plant growth, especially on its defense system. (Horotan and Oancea, 2013)
Aims. By stimulating the plant defense system using acetylsalicylic acid, there were pursued
various physiological parameters and productivity of tomato crop in the field, compared to a
tomato crop treated with systemic fungicides and a sustainable culture treated with CuSO4
(Bordeaux) mixture.
Materials and Methods. Experimental crop was made up of two tomato varieties, the Sibiu
local population and Buzău 50, both with undetermined growth and the used treatments were
produced from: Acrobat MZ 90/600 WP, CuSO4 (Bordeaux) mixture and acetylsalicylic acid.
Thereby, it resulted six experimental variants located in three repetitions. Regular
observations were made in the field, on the growth and development of vegetative organs, of
inflorescence and fruit, quality and quantity production of tomatoes, depending on the variety
and the used treatment.
Results. There were found significant differences in experimental physiology tomato crops.
Buzău 50 variety crop, treated with aspirin significant increases number of leaves, flowers
and fruits. Both variety tomato crop productivity, treated with aspirin was significant
incresed.
Conclusions. The groups treated with aspirin had significantly higher production compared to
groups treated with fungicide. Aspirin generate a normal growth and resistance to the fungal
pathogens for tomatoes.
255
RESULTS REGARDING THE PERFORMANCES OF GLADIOLUS
HYBRIDS ON THEIR PARENTS
Denisa Andreea HORŢ1, Maria CANTOR1*, Erzsebet BUTA1 and Adrian ZAHARIA1
1
Deparment of Ornamental plants. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords: differences, genitor, F1 generation, significance, statistical interpretation.
Introduction. Testing the performances of hybrids on their parents is an important operation
justfied by the purpose of the breeding work. The identification of performances of hybrids on
their parents is useful for plants that are vegetatively propagated, without the need to obtain
and to test the inbred lines (Muntean, 2012).
Aims. were used to calculate the heterosis on characters of interest to estimate the extent to
which the production of commercial hybrids of Gladiolus hybridus can be a real solution to
achieve specific breeding objectives.
Materials and Methods. The experiments were conducted in 2013 in the experimental field
from Agrobotanical Garden at UASVM Cluj-Napoca. Data collected from the field were
processed mathematically and statistically applying the LSD test. In this paper work are
presented seven hybrids of Gladiolus compared with their genitors in the metter of height,
stem lenght, inflorescence lenght, the numer of leafs, number of flowers and the diameter of
flowers.
Results. The results show that two hybrids are reaching bigger heights then their parents, significant
negative differences were registered on inflorescence lenght and the no. of flowers. The diameter of
flowers varies between 10,1 cm (H9/10) şi 16,3 cm (H18/1) registerig very significant negative
differences comparig to their genitors.
Conclusion. Regarding the performances of selected hybrids it can be concluded that better
results than their parents were obtained on flower diameter (H3/1, H9/10 and H12/10); hybrid
H19/2 registered a floral longer stem thanany of his genitors.
References
1. Muntean, L. (2012). Ameliorarea plantelor – partea generală. Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca
119-125.
256
EFFECT OF PENTAKEEP-V ON BEGONIA X TUBERHYBRIDA
‘NONSTOP’LINE
Szilvia KISVARGA1, Péter HONFI1 and Andrea TILLY-MÁNDY1
1
Corvinus University Budapest Hungary Villányi street 29.-43.
Keywords:, annual, Begonia, biostimulator, Pentakeep, retardant
Introduction. Increasing needs of the market of ornamental plants require growers on the
increasing number of quality. One of the possibilities of quality improvement is to use
biostimulants.
Aims. Previous research has shown that the Japanese Pentakeep -V, which is the first
aminolevulinic acid -containing fertilizer in the world, has good index numbers. Based on its
effect the chlorophyll concentration increases with increasing photosynthesis activity.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted in 2012. The testplant was Begonia
x tuberhybrida 'Nonstop' series. The concentrations used in the experiment: 0,3 ml/l 0,5 ml/l
and 0,7 ml/l. Two different spray application methods were compared: irrigating and foliar
spray. Half of the population after the pricking received no supplemental light and the other
half received it.
Results. In terms of plant height stated that supplemental light for maximum height (17,82
cm) was achieved with 0.05% solution spraying compared to the control group (19,2 cm).
Also in the case without supplemental light dispensed spraying of 0.05% concentration was a
better result (18,15 cm). We conclude that no significant changes were found between the
groups at each measurement by flowering. Similar results were obtained without
supplemental light grown begonias, where Pentakeep-V in 0,07 % concentration was used
with irrigation. Comparing to the control group, in both cases, considerably increased the
amount of chlorophyll in plants.
Conclusions. The Pentakeep-V positive impact on the tyberhibrida Begonia 'Nonstop' series
References
1. Awad, M. A. (2008). Promotive effects of a 5-aminolevulinic acid-based fertilizer on
growth of tissue culture-derived date palm plants (Phoenix dactylifera L.) during
acclimatization. Scientia Horticulturae.118 (1):48-52.
2. Ostrowska et al. (2008). Effectiveness of natural products in protection of cucumber
grown under cover against powdery mildew. Biostimulators in modern agriculture.
Vegetable crops. ISBN 83-89503-57-3. Warsaw.Poland. 54.
3. Watanabe K., Tanaka T., Hotta Y., Kuramochi H. and Takeuchi Y. (2000). Improving salt
tolerance of cotton seedlings with 5-aminolevulinic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 32:99103.
257
STUDY OF SOME HEADED CHINESE CABBAGE VARIETIES AND
HYBRIDS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN AUTUMN OPEN
FIELD CULTURE IN TRANSYLVANIAN TABLELAND SPECIFIC
CONDITIONS
Enikő LACZI1*, Alexandru APAHIDEAN1, Emil LUCA1 and Adelina DUMITRAŞ1
1
*
Keywords: autumn culture, Chinese cabbage, leafy vegetable, high yield.
Introduction. Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris var. pekinensis) is a popular vegetable
with many benefits for growers and in the same time for the consumers to: for growers is the
short cultivation period, while for the consumers its high nutritional quality (Pokluda, 2008).
The yields of headed Chinese cabbage varies between 30 to 50 t/ha (Toxopeus and Baas
2004) or even between 40 to 100 t/ha (Choux and Foury 1994) according to the used hybrid
and time and place of the culture.
Aims. The main purpose of this experiment was to study the behaviour of some Chinese
cabbage varieties in the Transylvanian Tableland specific conditions in an autumn open field
culture.
Materials and methods. The research took place in the experimental field which belongs to
the Vegetable Growing Department from the University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj - Napoca, in the autumn of 2011. To achieve the objectives of this
experiment a collection of varieties and hybrids was organized. During growing season
observations were made regarding plants growth and development, at harvest on the yield
quality and quantity, a high importance being given to the number of bolted plants.
Results. Plants head weight varied between 0.77 kg and 0.99 kg, while the cabbage heads had
weights between 0.57 kg and 0.86kg. At harvest only one hybrid presented a minimum
bolting percentage, while at an other one the percentage passed 40%. The yields obtained
within this experiment varied between 45.33 t/ha and 67.21%.
Conclusions. Even if Chinese cabbage is not a traditionally vegetable in Transylvanian
tableland studies have shown that it can be cultivated with great results. The present research
has demonstrated that yield up to 67 t/ha can be obtain even in autumn conditions.
The success of the Chinese cabbage crop is in direct relationship with the choosing of a good
hybrid, which is bolting resistant and can give a high yield.
References.
1. Chaux C. and Foury C. (1994). Production légumières. TEC-DOC, Paris 45-56.
2. Toxopeus H. and Baas J. (2004). Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale 2. Fundation
Prota / Backhuys Publishers / CTA. Wageningen 162-169.
3. Pokluda R. (2008). Nutritional quality of Chinese cabbage from integrated culture, Hort.
Sci. 35:145-150.
258
THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME ROSE CULTIVARS OF DIFFERENT
ORIGIN AS CUT FLOWERS IN NUTRITIVE SOLUTIONS
Vasile LAZĂR1, Rodica SIMA1*, Tincuţa GOCAN1 and Ilona ORBAN1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: cultivar, rose, preservation term, preservative solution, characteristics
Introduction. Roses occupy an important place among ornamental plants cultivated in field
and protected spaces (Wagner, 2010) thanks to their morphological and ornamental
characteristics (elegance of flowers, richness of colors and, sometimes, even the perfume).
Regardless of cultivation place, roses provide substantial incomes both for farmers and for
traders because they are appreciated and required by consumers to carnations detriment,
which were the only ones sold out of season, shortly ago. An important quality of some rose
cultivars is their decorative period in vase, which riches, as average, at two weeks (Lazăr et
al., 2010).
Aims. The experiment followed the influence of preservative solutions on the decorative
period in vase of four indigenous and four non-indigenous (Dutch origin) rose cultivars.
Materials and Methods. From the two experimental factors combination (preservative
solution with 5 graduations and cultivar with 8 graduations), 40 experimental variants
resulted. The experimental variants were placed in similar conditions of light and temperature
with flats. During storage period the cut of the bottom of stem was daily refreshed and the
level of preservative solution was filled up to 500 ml with sink water. The observations were
done at each 48 hours during storage period and followed many characteristics out of which
three main characteristics regarding the decorative value are presented in this paper: diameter
of floral bud (mm), the aspect of floral bud and the aspect of leaves. For all these
characteristics were accorded scores from 1 to 3, as follows: 1 – very good aspect; 2 – good
aspect; 3 – satisfactory aspect. The obtained results were statistically analyzed by the ANOVA test.
Results. The unilateral influence of preservative solutions on the three morphological and
ornamental studied characteristics was relatively poor, the only affected characteristic being
the aspect of leaves of Romanian cultivars. The studied cultivars differently react upon
preservation in nutritive solutions, Avalance cultivar being remarked with positive difference
of all studied characteristics in comparison with control (Merci cultivar preserved in sink
water). The interaction of the two experimental factors pointed out the Avalance and Samba
Romanian cultivars which in Chrysal preservative solution recorded very significant
differences in comparison with control, for all the three studied characteristics.
Conclusion. For all those consumers who have the possibility to purchase Romanian roses,
Avalance and Samba cultivars can be recommended because in Chrysal preservative solution
their decorative period in vase was 19.5 days.
References
1. Lazăr V., Cantor Maria, Sima Rodica, Gocan Tincuța and Rad G. (2010). Researches
concerning the beaviour of some rose cultivars as cut flowers in nutritive solutions. Bul.
USAMV Cluj-Napoca, 67(1):368-374.
2. Wagner St. (2010). Trandafirul cu parfum. Ed. Napoca Stat, Cluj-Napoca.
259
PRELIMINARY RESEARCH REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF
VERMICOMPOST ON APHID CONTROL IN FRUIT GROWING
Laura Ioana MACAVEI1, Mihai LAZAR2*,Viorel MITRE2, Mircea VARGA1 and
Ion OLTEAN1
1
Department of Environment and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
2
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Agricultural Sciences and
*
Keywords: black cherry aphid, Myzus cerasi F., organic orchard, worm tea
Introduction. Black cherries aphid is a pest which has as primary host plant sweet and sour
cherry tree. It’s attack affects most the meristems area. In case of a strong attack the power of
growing and fructification of trees decreases.
Aims. Because there is a concern of the consumer for healthy the tendency of manufacturers
is moving towards sustainable agriculture. Vermicompost is a product that answer to this
demand. Due to the complex chemical composition it can be used both as a fertilizer, and
pesticide. Application of liquid extract of vermicompost on a population of Myzus cerasi F.
may influence the aphid development. The aim of this work is to study the influence of
vermicompost as insecticide.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted in laboratory conditions. On
infested branches with black cherries aphids, three different concentrations of liquid
vermicompost were applied. The variants were separated by an insulator made from solid
framework covered with gauze and each of them consisted in three replicates. The data was
registered at 24h, 48h, 72h when the number of dead individuals was rated and at seven days
when both alive and dead individuals were counted.
Results. The highest number of dead specimens was recorded at seven days after treatment
application for each variant. Regarding the effect of liquid vermicompost concentration, the
highest mortality was obtained in variant 2 (1:5) with a percentage of 82.72%. Variant 3
follows with the most concentrated solution of vermicompost, but a lower percentage73,84%.In variant 1 the mortality was 67.31% which represents the lowest value registered.
Conclusion. According to the results we concluded that vermicompost extract may reduce the
density of aphid population found in organic orchard but also in the conventional ones.
260
ALLERGENIC AND TOXIC COMPOUNDS IN FLOWERING PLANTS
Cristina MIRCEA (ARSENE)1* and Lucia DRAGHIA1
1
Department of Floriculture. Faculty of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi.
*
Keywords: allergenicity, biosecurity, flowering plants, pathogenicity, toxicity
Introduction. Various biosynthesised compounds from flowering plants can be harmful to
man, throughout a plant’s entire life cycle or only during certain moments, present in all of its
organs or restricted only to some. Interdisciplinary research regarding plant toxins and
allergens are being conducted worldwide, aiming to prevent the production of diseases.
Aims. The research aimed to phytochemically classify vegetal compounds with toxic and
allergenic characteristics found in flowering plants, to identify the main pathogenic pathways
through which these compounds act and to come up with recommendations regarding
cultivation techniques and valorification of flowering plants.
Materials and Methods. The study focuses on ornamental plants in both spontaneous and
cultivated flora, in protected or unprotected spaces. The main research methods employed
were bibliographical study, data analysis and synthesis, the collection and processing of
statistical data. The main information sources were: national and international scientific
literature, FDA and WHO data and international databases.
Results. The current research includes vegetal allergens in the toxic vegetal substances group,
from the perspective of modern definitions of toxicity. Based on phytochemical criteria, a
classification of toxic vegetal compounds (including allergens) was achieved, also
emphasising the main pathogenic effects. Correlated to the commercial practices in Romania,
the risks for ambient health were identified, both at the work place, at home and in the public
space.
Conclusion. Flowering plants can be dangerous to man’s health. The majority of toxic and
allergenic substances (excluding pollens) are secondary metabolism compounds. Given these
risk factors to health, it is necessary to impose health and safety regulations at work, to inform
the general population regarding potential negative effects and to commercialize plants with
detailed labels which should contain warnings about the risk of diseases or the aggravation of
existing ones.
261
STATE OF VEGETATION IN OAK STANDS, DURING THE LAST
FIVE YEARS, IN NORTHWESTERN TRANSYLVANIA
Mircea MOLDOVAN1*, Aurel RODILĂ1, Valentin LUPȘAN1, Radu CARADAN1
and Marin GHEORGHE1
1
Forest Research and Management Institute
*
Keywords: NFI, oak stands, state of vegetation
Introduction. Present paper presents the results of inventories obtained, according to the NFI
(National Forest Inventory) methodology, in polls located in the North-Western Transylvania,
on the trees health, during 2008 and 2012.
Aims. These inventories provide data on forest vegetation across the area under study,
including data about trees health in sample surfaces covered with measurements.
Materials and Methods. State of vegetation was observed in sample areas covered by NFI
teams in the North West of Transylvania, covering all existing landforms in the area: plains,
hills and mountains.
Results. In the study area were inventoried a number of 330526 trees. In the plain area, 0.78%
dead trees, 18,88 healthy trees, 071% low affected trees, 0.35% medium affected trees, 0.15%
strongly affected trees and 0.10, very strong affected trees. In hilly percentages are as follows:
1.17% dead trees, 25.59% healthy trees, 1.09% low affected trees, 0.58% medium affected
trees, 0.27% strongly affected trees and 0.15% very strong affected trees; in mountain area
percentages are 3.15% dead trees, 43.86% healthy trees, 1.76% low affected trees, 0.88%
medium affected trees, 0.35% strongly affected trees and 0.16% very strong affected trees.
Conclusion. All data presented was collected by four teams from Cluj, Bistrita (two teams)
and Oradea during 2008 and 2012 when the first cycle of inventory took place. At this time is
in full swing inventories in the second cycle, the data obtained will be presented later.
References
1. Marin G. (2013-2018). Instrucţiuni pentru lucrările de teren IFN 2.
2. Victor G., Ilie D. and Dorin D. (2004). Metode şi tabele dendrometrice.
262
THE EFFECT OF BIOSTIMULATORS TREATMENT UPON SEED
BREEDING OF ASTER NOVI – BELGII
Mirela MURARIU (COJOCARIU)1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1 and Elena Liliana
CHELARIU1
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Romania
*
Keywords: Aster novi-belgii, BlackJak, Sprintene, breeding, bio stimulators
Introduction. Species native to the east coast of North America, Aster novi - belgii has been
introduced and naturalized in almost whole Europe, including Romania. Considered the "the
king of Aster", A. novi-belgii is one of the species commonly found in the gardens of the
Romanian villages. Sturdiness, hardiness and flowering abundance make this species spread
among the assortment of ornamental plants used in gardens. It is very suitable for placement
in groups and other floral arrangements.
Aims. This paper aims to analyze the influence of different treatments on seed germination of
Aster novi-belgii and plant behavior in crops.
Materials and methods. The biological material used was the Aster novi-belgii seeds
collected from the Floriculture discipline collection plants, Faculty of Horticulture. Mother
plants were from Marginea village, Suceava County. The experimental scheme includes four
variants; one was the control with untreated seeds and three others that have used various seed
treatments (12 hours in distilled water, 1,5 hours in BlackJak solution 5 mL/1 L, 4 hours in
Sprintene solution 1 mL/1 L). During researches there have been made observations and
determinations on seed germination, plant growth and development.
Results. The germination period was shorter in seeds subjected to various treatments
compared to the control, where it was 12 days. The soaked seeds have sprung in 7 days, those
treated with BlackJak in 6 days, and in the version where Sprintene was applied in 9 days.
Best germination percentage was obtained in the variant where the seeds were treated with
BlackJak. Average plant height and number of leaves per plant showed higher values in the
Sprintene seeds treatment.
Conclusion. Bio stimulating substances treatment of Aster novi-belgii seeds contributed to an
increase in the germination percentage and in obtained plant sturdiness.
263
STUDY OF AGE INFLUENCE OF SEEDLING AND PLANT PERIOD
ON THE PRODUCTION OF FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE VAR.
AZORICUM)
Valeria Ioana NEACŞU1, Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1* and Anca Mariana HUSTI1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Manastur Street,
*
Keywords: fennel, planting period, seedling age
Introduction. Foeniculum vulgare is an annual edible herb in the Apiaceae family, which in
Romania, only grows cultivated, being found mainly in Dobrogea Plain, Oltenia Plain, Cris,
Timis, Baragan, Moldova (Indreea et al., 2013). Fennel has a pivoting root, cylindrical stem,
leaves pinnate-section and small yellow flowers. Flattened conical shaped bulb is 40-45%
plant weight. To ensure a greater production of leaves and seeds, sprouts can be shortened
after a while, thus causing their ramification. (Small and Deutsch, 2001).
Aims. Determination of necessary conditions for establishing the fennel culture in the north
area of the Transylvanian Plateau and the influence of seedling age and planting period on
fennel production.
Materials and methods. Seedlings were produced in nutritive cubes of fennel varieties
Foeniculum variety azoricum, in three seeding periods at a distance of 10 days at a depth of 23 cm. Have been conducted observations and measurements in field, obtaining phenological
data, dynamics of plant growth, quantitative and qualitative data.
Results:. Fennel plant height had a mean value above / below standard production quality of
fennel in Romania. Harvests are satisfactory, given the ecological character of culture, and the
fact that there are not used chemical fertilizers or different substances for the prevention or
treatment of disease or pest.
Conclusion. From real analysis of the evolution of climatic factors, it follows that within the
Transylvanian Plateau offers good conditions for growing Florence fennel in solar.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Indrea D, Apahidean S., Apahidean M., Măniuţiu D. and Sima R. (2013). Vegetable
culture, Ceres Press, Bucharest.
2. Small.E and Deutsch G. (2001). Culinary herbs for short season gardeners, National
Research Council of Canada Reprographic Services, Canada.
264
ASPECTS OF ORNAMENTAL VALUE OF VINCA MAJOR
'VARIEGATA' AND ARABIS CAUCASICA DEEP ROSE SPECIES IN
DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF CULTURE
Roxana NEGREA1*, Lucia DRAGHIA1 and Gheorghii CIOBOTARI1
1
Department of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, IAȘI.
*
Keywors: Vinca major ‘Variegata’, Arabis caucasica ‘Deep rose’, substrate, green roofs
Introduction. The green roofs represent a way of landscape architecture, which combines
aesthetics with the ecological functions of these types of arrangements. Aesthetics and
especially the functionality of such an area are primary aspects, anchored in determining the
selection of the most suitable systems of culture.To achieve this goal, has been performed a
comparative analysis on the behavior of the Vinca major 'Variegata' and Arabis caucasica
'Deep Rose' plant grown in conainers in three types of substrates placed on the roof and at
ground level.
Aims. This paper aims to analyze the influence of some culture systems on growth and
development for specimens of Vinca major ‘Variegata’ and Arabis caucasica ‘Deep Rose’.
Materials and methods. The biological material used was composed of mature individuals of
Vinca major 'Variegata' and Arabis caucasica 'Deep Rose', purchased from nurseries profile.
The experimental scheme consists of three version, each with three repetitions in which
different types of culture substrates were used: forest soil (control version); novobalt 43%,
coconut 30%, 23% composted bark, alginate 4%; 40% blond peat, peat brown 30%, 10% sand
and 20% forest soil. The experiment was identical fitted to both ground and roof, where the
plants benefited of rooting and growth stimulator fertilization.
Results. The results revealed that the culture systems and substrate composition had a
decisive effect on the plant growth and development, compared to the control version. The
best growth rate was obtained from version composed by novobalt 43% coconut 30%, 23%
composted bark, alginate 4%. In addition to these considerations plant layout was performed
in an aesthetic manner in order to achieve harmonious compositions not only in flowering
periods but for shapes and colors.
Conclusion. The planting of Vinca major 'Variegata' and Arabis caucasica 'Deep Rose' in
different cultivation systems and on different types of substrates led to a differentiated growth
and development, with better results when using the substrate consisting of novobalt 43%
coconut 30% , composted bark 23%, 4% alginate.
265
PRISTIPHORA ABIETINA CHRIST., DEFOLIATOR IN RESINOUS
FOREST STANDS OF LUNCA BRADULUI FORESTRY DEPARTMENT
Ion OLTEAN1, Alexandru BEXA1, Teodora FLORIAN1 and Mircea Ioan VARGA1*
1
Department of Environment and Plant Protection. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Keywords: monitoring, Pristiphora abietina Christ., soil survey
Introduction. Small Spruce Sawfly Pristiphora abietina Crist. is a dangerous pest and creates
major problems in resinous stands in all European countries (Holuša and Drápela, 2006;
Holuša and Lubojacký, 2007). In our country in the last years it has spread with great rapidity
and raises issues regarding the protection of spruce located outside natural vegetation area
(Tăut et al, 2011).
Aims. Monitoring Pristiphora abietina Christ. Species în six Production Units from Lunca
Bradului Forestry Department and its population density evaluation during 2012-2013.
Materials and Methods. For assessing the areas of resinous stands damaged by Pristiphora
abietina Christ. during May and June were detected all surfaces where the presence of attack
was reported. On the infested surfaces we have evaluated the population density, by making
soil surveys under the projection of the crown, where they were counted the larvae sheltered
for diapause. For this action, in the last decade of August or the first days of September, in
each infested plot were randomly chosen three trees, evenly spaced in the parcel at which
have been made three soil surveys, on the depth of 10 cm.
Results. Forests belonging to Lunca Bradului Forestry District are located in the north-east of
Mureş County the upper course of Mureş River having a surface of 24591.32 ha. forest fund
contains six production units (P.U.). At the level of forest district, the species Pristiphora
abietina Christ. was reported in 139 parcels, located in all production units. Infested area is
621.3 ha, representing 2.55% of the total forest. At the level of production unit proportion of
infested the areas is between 1.1% în Production Unit I and 4.9% in Production Unit IV. In
assessing the population density, the average number of larvae per square meter reported in
surveys under the projection of a tree ranged from 1.2 larvae / m² and 34.2 larvae / m².
Conclusion. Following the studies it was found that Pristiphora abietina Christ. is present in
all sites of Lunca Bradului forestry district but infested areas are reduced. Is necessary to
monitor the species all over the resinous forest stands, pure or mixed, to assess population
density and taking the necessary measures to control this insect pest.
References
1. Holuša, J. and Drápela K. (2006). Yellow sticky boards: a possible way of monitoring
little spruce sawfly (Pristiphora abietina) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Journal of
Forest Science. 52(1):13-21.
2. Holuša, J.and J. Lubojacký (2007). Correlation between flight activity of sawflies
Pristiphora abietina, P. saxesenii, P. gerula and P. leucopodia (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae) and spruce (Picea abies) bud breaking in Eastern Czech Republic.
Journal of Forest Science. 53:69-73.
3. Tăut I., V. Simonca and L. Holonec (2011). Detection and prognosis defoliators Tortrix
viridana and Pristiphora abietina in the northwestern Transylvania forests. Bulletin of
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture
68(1):469-473.
266
EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF
BIOMASS OF QUINOA AND GREEN AMARANTH
Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU1*, Eleni TSIPLAKOU2, Ioanna KAKABOUKI3, Ilias
TRAVLOS1, Dimitrios BILALIS1, Dimitra HELA3 and George ZERVAS2
1
Department of Crop Science. Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture. Agricultural University of Athens,Greece.
3
Department of Business Administration of Food and Agricultural Enterprises, University of West
Greece.
*
2
Keywords: Amaranthus retroflexus, biomass quality, Chenopodium quinoa, fertilization,
yield
Introduction. Quinoa and amaranth are highly nutritious plants traditionally grown in the
Andean highlands. Their seeds have a high protein content with abundance of essential amino
acids and a wide range of vitamins and minerals (Gonzalez et al., 2012). Bhargava et al.
(2010) reported that the foliage of many species of Chenopodium, including Chenopodium
album and Chenopodium quinoa, is a rich source of minerals such as potassium, sodium,
calcium and iron. Moreover, limited data is available regarding the fodder quality of the crops
(Kakabouki et al., 2014).
Aims. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of organic and inorganic fertilization
on yield and fodder quality of quinoa and green amaranth crop, under Mediterranean semiarid conditions.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with two
replicates, two main plots [quinoa and green amaranth] and four sub-plots (fertilization
treatments: control, inorganic fertilization, compost and cow manure). For the computation of
dry weight and height, 10 plants were randomly selected in each plot. The biomass samples
were analyzed for contents of dry matter, crude protein, ash, crude fat and acid detergent
fibre.
Results. The results indicated a clear superiority of quinoa over amaranth in height and dry
matter, while there were no differences in the nutritional value of biomass between the two
species. In general, fertilization had a positive impact on growth and yield of both species.
Fertilization with compost showed higher values in most quality traits of biomass in the
quinoa crop, while inorganic fertilization had better results in amaranth.
Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that quinoa and green amaranth crops could be
used as an alternative feed over spring legumes in dry-warm Mediterranean areas.
References
1. Gonzalez J. A., Konishi Y., Bruno M., Valoy M. and Pradoc F. E. ( 2012).
Interrelationships among seed yield, total protein and amino acid composition of ten
quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) cultivars from two different agroecological regions. J. Sci.
Food. Agric. 92:1222–1229.
2. Bhargava A., Shukla S. and Ohri D. (2010). Mineral composition in foliage of some
cultivated and wild species of Chenopodium. Span. J. Agric. Res. 8(2):371-376.
3. Kakabouki I., Bilalis D., Karkanis A., Zervas G., Tsiplakou E. and Hela D. (2014). Effects
of fertilization and tillage system on growth and crude protein content of quinoa
(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): An alternative forage crop. Emir. J. Food Agric. 26(1):1824.
267
THE INFLUENCE OF THINNING AGENT ON BASE OF 6-BA AND
NAA ON PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF „GALA MUST”
VARIETY
Ananie PESTEANU*
Faculty of Horticulture. State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova.
*
Keywords: Apple, 6-BA and NAA, size classes, thinning, yield
Introduction. Chemical thinning of pome fruits is important measure for the profitable
agricultural production of fruits. Chemical thinning provides a good yield potential for the
following vegetation (Šebek, 2014).Thinning the apple crop during the post bloom period is
absolutely essential to ensure large fruit size, superior fruit quality, and reliable annual
cropping (Bregoli et al. 2006, Greene, 2002).
Aims. To evaluate the influence of thinning agent on base of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and
naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in reducing fruit set and quality in Gala Must apple trees.
Materials and methods. The experimental plot was founded in 2006 with trees of „knip
boom” canopy type. The study subject of the experience was Gala Must apple variety grafted
on M 9 weak vigor rootstock. The trees were trained as slender spindles. The distance of
plantation is 3.5 x 1.2 m. The tested agent was combination of 6-BA and NAA, (preparation
Dira Max LG). The preparation was sprayed on the trees either one time, when the king fruit
diameter was 10-15 mm.
Results. The research was conducted during the period of 2011 year. During the research, it
was studied the number of blossom clusters before thinning degree, fruit at harvest time,
yield, mean fruit weight, average fruit diameter, size classes based on their diameter and the
number of pygmy fruits. It was established that, the good effect of thinning was noticed after
spray with preparation Dira Max LG in dose of 2.5 l/ha.
Conclusion. The treatment in dose of 2.5 l/ha of Dira Max LG has a significant effect on
yield, mean fruit weight and positively influenced fruit size, the distribution of apples in size
classes.
References
1. Bregoli A.M., Fabbroni C., Vancini R., Galliano A., Costa G. (2006). Results obtained on
the efficacy of 6-BA alone, and in combination with other thinning agents from different
apple producing areas of Northern Italy. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research.
14:23-38.
2. Greene D.W. (2002). Chemicals, timing and environmental factors involved in thinner
efficacy on apple. HortScience. 37:477-481.
3. Šebek G. (2014). Application of NAA and BA in Chemical Fruit Thinning of
Autochthonous Cultivars of Apple. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 4:
21-28.
268
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE AGROTEHNIC BEHAVIOR OF
PERSPECTIVE ELITES OBTAINED AT SCDVV BLAJ
Daniela POPESCU1*, Mariana LUPEAN1, Maria ILIESCU1, Cristian Claudiu
CRISTEA1 and Maria COMŞA1
1
Reasearch Station for Viticulture and Enology, Blaj, Romania
*
Keywords: agrotehnic behaviour, clonale elites, hybrid elites
Introduction. SCDVV Blaj has a long tradition on research of improving wine grape
varieties, an activity that continues as the assortment for wine and table grapes must be
enhanced with grape varieties with superior qualities and resistance to disease and frost,
requested more intensive by those who establishes vineyards.
Aims. Were performed both sexed intraspecific hybridization and clonale selection in order to
obtain new varieties and clones with superior qualities of provenance varieties.
Materials and Methods. In the competition culture of SCDVV Blaj was tested hybrid elites:
5-25 (Traminer roz x Iordană) and 11-26 (Fetească regală x Muscat Ottonel) and from the test
field were selected clonale elites: 18-11 Pinot gris and 17-49 Fetească regală. These elites
have been studied during 2012-2013 period and reported on a reference system consisting of
control varieties.
Results. Hybrid elites studied had good behavior with good value sugar/acidity/production
ratio. Of clonale elites was remark 18-11 from qualitative point of view since has
accumulated the greatest amount of sugars, with a good sugar / acidity ratio. In terms of
productivity, it is noted 17-49 clonale elite who obtained the highest yield.
Conclusion. The clonale elite 18-11 Pinot gris and 5-26 hybrid elite will be proposed for
homologation.
269
DEVELOPMENT OF GENOMIC RESOURCES FOR SILVER FIR
(ABIES ALBA MILL.) TO UNDERSTAND THE EVOLUTION OF
SPECIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Dragoş POSTOLACHE1,2*, Bruno FADY3 and Giovanni Giuseppe VENDRAMIN2
1
Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (CNR), Firenze, Italy
3
INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Avignon, France
*
2
Keywords: NGS, Transcriptome, EST-SSRs, SNPs, Silver fir
Introduction. Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is a widespread European conifer. It is a keystone
species of many mountain forest ecosystems with high ecological and economic value.
Peripheral Abies alba populations, in particular at the southern edge of the distribution, are
expected to be the most affected by climate change due to their small population size,
fragmented distribution and bio-geographical position. These observations raise several issues
regarding the short-term dynamics of Abies alba in response to climate change and the
potential of local populations for cooping with changing climate.
Aims. Recently the availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and more specifically
the transcriptome sequencing creates new opportunities for identifying genomic regions
involved in local adaptation. As Abies alba is not a model species, there is a lack of genomic
resources available for studying molecular basis of adaptation and demography with high
resolution. The main goal was to develop genomic resources for Abies alba to support
research activities in Silver fir and potentially in other fir species.
Material and Methods. 454 Transcriptome, Illumina Transcriptomes, transcriptome derived
EST-SSRs.
Results. Genomic resources have been developed based on a 454 transcriptome and 12
Illumina transcriptomes. We detected 3838 putative transcriptome derived EST-SSRs. The
observed frequency of EST-SSRs in Abies alba is 0.49%, with an overall distribution density
of 309.24 SSRs per Mb.
Two 8-plexes of 16 transcriptome derived EST-SSRs were assembled and their characteristics
are reported (Postolache et al 2014). The cross-transferability among 17 fir species of the
newly developed EST-SSRs was high and reflected the degree of relatedness among taxa.
Conclusion. Newly developed genomic resources allowed to design EST-SSRs that will
permit to quantify and understand neutral genetic diversity. SNP discovery across genes
related to drought stress will permit to infer local adaptation in Silver fir populations located
in the southern peripheral species distribution range.
References
1. Postolache D., Leonarduzzi C., Piotti A., Spanu I., Roig A., Fady B., Anna Roschanski,
Sascha Liepelt and Vendramin G. G. (2014). Transcriptome versus genomic microsatellite
markers: highly informative multiplexes for genotyping Abies alba Mill. and congeneric
species. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 32(3):750-760.
270
STUDIES ON THE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
FROM A RANGE OF LATE CABBAGE CULTIVARS CULTIVATED IN
THE FIELD CONDITIONS AT THE DIDACTIC STATION TIMISOARA
(ROMANIA)
Gheorghe POȘTA1, Viorel BERAR1 and Marius BALINT1*
1
Department of Horticulture. Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry. Banat's University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Mihai I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania.
*
Keywords: late cabbage, hybrids, morphological characteristics, field conditions
Introduction. White cabbage is cultivated for the heads, which are consumed as fresh salads,
in different culinary dishes and also preserved (pickled, dehydrated or frozen). It is intensely
requested by the consumers due to its fine taste and rich chemical composition [1]. Cabbage
nutritive value as fresh or preserved product derives from the high level of carbohydrates,
minerals and vitamins which are almost entirely used in the human metabolism.
Aims. Economically speaking, growing cabbage proves to be efficient and lucrative due to
high yields at the surface unit. Cabbage represents one of the species that can be grown both
as first or successive crop.
Materials and Methods. The biological material used in our experiment was represented by
8 late cabbage cultivars. These are: Delight Ball F1, Bourbon F1 (Nickerson-Zwaan –
Holland), 1414 F1, 1415 F1, NIZ 14-1434 F1, CRX 13019 F1 (Cora-Seeds S.R.L. – Italy),
Iprodione Meponil and Aca 09 K. These were included in single factor comparative culture
with variants arranged according to random block method. The cultivars were studied in terms
of their characters and traits: plant weight and head weight, respectively, head height, head
diameter, shape index, efficiency, head density and head volume [2,3].
Results. The production potential or yield capacity represents the maximum level of useful
vegetal mass from economic view, and that can be produced by a genotype in optimal
conditions of growth and development [2,3].
Conclusion. On the ground of the experimental results regarding the yield performances of all
late cabbage cultivars cultivated in field conditions at Didactic Station Timisoara, in year
2014, we may draw the following conclusions: mean weight for cabbage heads ranged
between 1,393 kg (CRX 13019 F1) and 1,911 kg in Delight Ball hybrid; the cabbage head
efficiency was high (over 70%) to cultivars 1414 F1, Aca 09 K and Delight Ball F1; for
Delight Ball F1, Iprodione Meponil and Aca 09 K, it could be observed a simple correlation
and high significance between head weight and head volume.
References
1. Indrea D. et al. (2007). Cultura legumelor. Editura CERES. Bucureşti.
2. Poșta Gh. and Berar V. (2008). Studies on the analysis of morphological characters from
range of late cabbage hybrids cultivated in the field conditions. Bulettin UASVM,
Horticulture 65(1):153-156.
3. Poșta Gh., Berar V. and Balint M. (2013). Research concerning the behaviour of some late
cabbage hybrids in field conditions at the Didactic and Research Station in Timisoara
(Romania). Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology 17(2):197-200.
271
FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF TRUNK BARK IN RELATION TO AGE OF
TREES: CASE STUDY IN PLUM
Florin SALA1* and Marius BOLDEA2
1
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
"Regele Mihai I al României" from Timisoara, Romania
2
Mathematics and Statistics, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
“Regele Mihai I al României” from Timisoara, Timișoara, Romania
*
Keywords: bark, fractal geometry, BFTA model, plum, trunk
Introduction. Biological structures have fractal properties and can be considered as
approximate fractals (Mandelbrot, 1983). A number of studies have used fractal analysis to
study the different textures and shapes (Backes and Bruno 2010; Culbert et al., 2012; Zhao et
al., 2013). Fractal analysis was also used for characterization of plant species based on
measurable fractal properties as fractal dimensions (D) (Bruno et al., 2008; Cope et al., 2012;
Du et al., 2012).
Aims. Starting from general considerations on fractal properties of the biological world, the
present research aimed fractal geometry analysis of trunk bark of plum trees in various stages
of age.
Materials and Methods. The investigation methods used fractal analysis based on boxcounting method to obtain the fractal properties of trunk bark of plum trees in different age
groups.
Results. Fractal analysis allowed for properties of fractal geometry of trunk plum trees in 6
age groups, between 10 and 50 years. Fractal dimensions (D) had a variation between 1.852 ±
0.036 and 1.949 ± 0.064 in relation to age of trees. The relationship between the fractal
dimension (D) and trees age have been described by a polynomial equation of degree 2, with
high statistical certainty (p <0.001, R2 = - 0.856). Based on the results, Bark Fractal Tree Age
(BFTA) model was proposed to assess age of trees based on trunk bark fractal properties.
Conclusion: Fractal analysis facilitated evaluation of plum bark geometry and extracting their
fractal properties. A mathematical model described the relationship between fractal dimension
(D) and age of trees. Fractal analysis can be a tool for development of non-destructive
methods to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of plant properties.
References
1. Backes A.R. and Bruno O.M. (2010). Shape classification using complex network and
Multi-scale Fractal Dimension, Pattern Recognition Letters 31:44–51.
2. Zhao Y., Jia W., Hu R-X. and Min H. (2013). Completed robust local binary pattern for
texture classification, Neurocomputing 106:68–76.
272
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CLONAL MATERIAL OF THE
VARIETY RIESLING ON THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF
LEAVES
Klaus SCHALLER1*
1
Institute of Applied Biology. University of Geisenheim, Germany..
*
Keywords: clonal material, components of variance, leaf analysis, mineral nutrients, Riesling
Introduction. Leaf analysis (LA) is widely used since years as a diagnostic tool in fruit
cultures with special regard in viticulture. It is used evaluating nutritional status and
fertilisation needs. LA is a conventional procedure, i.e. all factors influencing nutritional
composition of leaves (training system, leaf position, sampling date, variety, bud load,
spacing a.s.o.) have to be taken into account if there exists a significant impact (1). Only
scarce information is available about the variability of leaf composition dependant on factors
others than nutritional effects.
Aims. Taking into account former experiments on leaf analysis with which different
viticultural factors (bud load, variety etc.) were tested it is of great importance to look for the
influence of clones on leaf composition, because use of clonal material is nowadays common
practice. Inasmuch clones may have micro-mutations it is necessary to confirm that nutrient
composition of leaves is not affected.
Materials and Methods. Field trial on a sandy loam with 5 Riesling clones. Design: 7x7
experimental grid with 6 replications. Leaf sampling was done at full bloom, veraison and full
ripeness. Leaf analysis followed common laboratory methods analysing N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu,
Fe, Zn, Mn. Statistical analysis with help of a one and two way ANOVA and Multiple
Regression Analysis (MRA).
Results. During every sampling array existed no significant differences in all tested nutrients
between clones. Nutrient composition differed significantly between all three sampling dates.
Date as a source of variance is highly significant. Yield, must density and must acidity are
significantly different between clones, nutrients are unaffected. It could be shown that the soil
nutrient contents in 20-40 cm depth have significant effects on leaf nutrient contents (2).
There are significant relationships between leaf nutrient and must quality.
Conclusion. In the present research, we could show that the influence of clones on leaf
composition is negligible and can be ignored for the interpretation of leaf analysis results. LA
is getting considerably facilitated and safer.
References
1. Bertoni G. and Morard P. (1982). Blade or Petiole Analysis as a Guide for Grape Nutrition.
Commun.in Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 13 (8):593-605
2. Havlin J.L., Hardy, D.H., Gehl R.J. and Spayd S.E. (2012). Survey of Nutrient Status in
Vitis vinifera Grapes in North Carolina. Comm. in Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 43:299-314
273
RESEARCH ON TWO DRIVERLESS VEHICLES IN THE VINEYARD
Hans-Peter SCHWARZ1
1
Department of viticultural engineering. Geisenheim University, Germany.
*
Keywords: robotics, steep slope, vineyard
Introduction. To ensure the continuation of the cultivation of world cultural heritage steep
slope vineyards and to help to decrease serious accidents happening every year in these
vineyards, the project “Development of a Self Propelled Accessory Equipment Carrier
Vehicle to Support Work Processes in Steep Slope Vineyards” was carried out at the
Technical Department of the Research Center Geisenheim. The second project is the
construction of a carrier robot for a phenotyping platform for in field application to be used
within the breeding program to save labour input.
Aims. First a driverless vehicle working in steep slope vineyards should be created. In the
second the project aims at implementing a robot for a phenotyping platform for in field
application to be used within the breeding program. This platform will be used e.g. to estimate
yield and to monitor resistance against mildew fungi. The autonomous robot to be developed
should move through experimental and production vineyards, taking pictures. Tests will be
made in viticultural practice for yield estimations.
Materials and Methods. The construction of the vehicles was done by the “finite elements
method”. Several software programs to control and guide the robots are subject of our own
development. In the breeding program the pictures will be extracted for parameters describing
yield and the phytosanitary status of the grapevine. The automated vehicle guidance system is
based on a navigation system using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), in this
particular case in terms of real time kinematic NAVSTAR GPS. For using the GNSS, a
precise field mapping is required which is provided by a GIS system.
Results. A) As a result several experimental vehicles, called “Geisi”, were built up and
successfully tested in various steep slopes. To achieve the necessary traction, “Geisi” is
equipped with plastic spiked roller wheels. Automatic or remote controlled steering allows the
user to keep distance from the machine in risky conditions.
B) By implementing automated triggered image acquisition on the field robot and subsequent
automated analysis, the cost and labour effective monitoring of vineyards concerning mildew
fungi and yield should become possible, resulting in an improved objectivity of the results.
Conclusion. Additional accessory equipment modules for transport, mowing and plant
protection turn “Geisi” into a multi-functional robot supporting steep slope winegrowers in
the rationalization of their hard and challenging daily work. The final version of the
phenotyping platform is helping vine breeders and vine growers to get more information
about the plants in terms of yield and mildew fungi helping them to take better decisions on
breed selections.
274
THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INPUTS ON YIELD AND
QUALITY TRAITS OF GREENHOUSE CABBAGE
Rodica SIMA1, Dănut MĂNIUTIU1, Alexandru Silviu APAHIDEAN1, Maria
APAHIDEAN1, Vasile LAZĂR1 and Nicuşor SIMA1*
*
Keywords: head cabbage, fertilization, planting density
Introduction. Head cabbage is an important source of carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins and
volatile substances with antibacterial properties. Cabbage belongs to the group of vegetables
high in vitamin C (Gould et al., 2006) and antioxidant potential (Nilsson et al., 2006).
Greenhouse crops provide market with fresh cabbage in the cold season. The head cabbage is
a crop with high nutrient requirements to the nitrogen as well as potassium and phosphorus
because it accumulates large vegetative biomass in a relatively short period (Atanasova et al.,
2007). A balanced mineral nutrition and planting density are important factors which
influence the yield and quality of head cabbage.
Aims. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of technological inputs (mineral
fertilization, planting density) on the yield and quality traits of head cabbage cultivated in
greenhouse.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was organized by randomized block design with
three replications. Experimental factors were represented by planting density (62,500 pl ha -1
and 81,250 pl ha-1) and mineral fertilization doses (300 kg ha-1 Complex III 15-15-15 NPK,
400 kg ha-1 Complex III, 500 kg ha-1 Complex III and 300 kg ha-1 Complex III + Ferticare II
24-8-16 NPK).
Results. Increase of planting density determined very significant cabbage yield increases. The
highest yield was obtained with 500 kg ha-1 Complex III fertilization. The yield of cabbage
was higher with increase of mineral fertilization doses but foliar fertilization did not
determine yield increases when compared with control (300 kg ha-1 Complex III). The soluble
solids were higher in the low planting density while total dry matter was higher in the high
planting density. The vitamin C content of cabbage presented negative correlation with
planting density. The highest head weight was obtained at low planting density.
Conclusion. Greenhouse cabbage crop was evaluated as yield potential and head quality as
influenced by planting density and fertilization. The highest yield was obtained both for the
high planting density and high dose of mineral fertilization.
References
1. Atanasova E., Mitova, I., Dimitrov I. and Stancheva I. (2007). Effects of different
fertilizer sources on the quality of head cabbage. Journal of Applied Horticulture 9(1):7476.
2. Gould S., Tkesslee D.K. and King C.G., (2006). Vitamin C content of vegetables, V.
Cabbage. J. Food Sci. 1(5):427–434.
3. Nilsson J., Olsson K., Engqvist G., Ekvall J., Olsson M., Nyman M. and Akesson, B.
(2006). Variation in the content of glucosinolates, hydroxycinnamic acids, carotenoids,
total antioxidant capacity and low-molecular-weight carbohydrates in Brassica vegetables.
J. Sci. Food Agr. 86:528–538.
275
PILOT METHOD FOR PROPAGATING AN ASORTMENT OF
MEDICINAL PLANTS USING WATER RETAINING STARCH
POLYMERS
Valentin SINGUREANU1*, Gelu MOLDOVAN1, Ioana NEACŞU1 and Anca HUSTI1
1
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design. Faculty of Horticulture. University of
*
Keywords: Salvia officinalis, Mentha × piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, starch, cutting
Introduction. Salvia officinalis, Mentha × piperita and Rosmarinus officinalis are one of the
most important cultivated medicinal plants used in different pharmacological extracts
considered valuable trades on international medicinal plant market. The specified market is
continually increasing, with high demands for quantity and especially quality of cultivated
plants (Lange, 1998). In order to produce high quality medicinal plants we most consider an
optimum plant propagating protocol.
Aims. Taking into account the dynamic trade of medicinal plants and their consisting demand
worldwide the present paper discus the possibility of producing medicinal plants cutting in a
new type of reusable organic substrate (starch polymer).
Materials and Methods. Stem cuttings where obtained from mother plants produced in the
greenhouse of the Ornamental Plants and Floriculture Department, USAMV Cluj-Napoca.
The experimental plot was emplaced in the same greenhouse during 12.12.2013 - 06.02.2014.
The experimental factors consisted in: biological material - Salvia officinalis, Mentha ×
piperita and Rosmarinus officinalis, substrate - perlite and starch polymer, shading material un-shade experimental variants and shaded experimental ones. All the combining
experimental factors (12) where emplaced in 2 repetitions. During the experimental period the
following microclimate observation where made on decades: RH (%), environmental
temperature, substrate temperature (ºC), environmental light intensity above and under the
shading material (lux). At the end of the experiment all cuttings where photographed and
biometrical measured using C.A.D. techniques.
Results. Salvia officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis cuttings obtained higher rooting
percents on perlite rather the starch polymer that cumulated water without slow releasing to
young roots. Microclimate conditions showed a direct correlation environmental temperature
and substrate temperature, observing that the starch polymer substrate cumulated higher
temperatures due to its intense transparency and local greenhouse effect. Mentha × piperita
cuttings didn’t performed as expected in any kind of experimental variant.
Conclusion. Starch polymer substrate didn’t performed as expected in any kind of
experimental combinations considering its usage in further experiments as an element in a
substrate mixture for its grate water holding capacity.
References
1. Lange D. (1998). Europe's medicinal and aromatic plants: their use, trade and
conservation. TRAFFIC International, Cambridge.
276
ASPECTS REGARDING THE PROPAGATION OF THUJA
OCCIDENTALIS ’COLUMNA’ USING DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES
Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Alina TRUTA1,
Florin Alexandru REBREANU1
1
Department of Forestry. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords: cuttings, Thuja occidenatalis ’Columna’, peat, sand, perlite
Introduction. Plantations of ornamental trees inside the urban places: in gardens or in parks,
around the buildings play an important role in ecology of human habitats. One of the most
frecvently used ornamental tree species in Romania is Thuja occidenatalis ’Columna’,
because it can be used in a wide variety of urban landscapes (Stelian, 1984).
Aims. This paper adresses the study of propagation of Thuja occidenatalis ’Columna’ using
differente categories of edaphic substrate.
Materials and Methods. Choosing the ideal proportion and composition of edaphic
substrate (Vlad et al., 2008) is crucial in the propagation of Thuja occidenatalis ’Columna’.
Experiments were placed in the „Mihai Viteazu” Nursery Garden from Turda, in spring 2013.
Types and mixtures of substrate used in the experiment are: V1: 100% peat; V2: 100% sand;
V3: 50% peat + 50% perlite; V4: 50% peat +50% sand; V5: 50% sand + 50% perlite. Peat is
used to improve the substrate structure and to increase water retention. The sand drains
quickly and retains minerals efficiently. Horticultural perlite due to its porous structure has
the ability to absorb water and then releasing it over a long time.
Results. In order to obtain more meaningful results we planted 90 cuttings in each substrate
type. Statistical analysis of the influence of rooting substrate on the number of roots formed
on cuttings shows significantly positive differences in substrate V5.
Conclusions. Final results indicate that V5 substrate is the best in production by cuttings of
Thuja occidenatalis ’Columna’. Compared to control the best substrate, sand 50% + perlite
50% (V5) provides 100% rooting and 10.7 average numbers of roots per cuttings, with an
average length 5.7 cm per cuttings after 83 days.
References
1. Stelian R. (1984). Plantaţii de arbori şi arbuşti în oraşe şi sate, Editura CERES, Bucureşti.
2. Vlad M., Vlad I. and Mesterd G. (2008).The influence of the substrate on striking roots at
the cuttings of Thuja occidentalis Danica. Bulletin UASVM-CN, Horticulture 65(1):494.
277
PRELIMINARY TESTING OF SRAP PRIMERS IN ORDER TO
ESTABLISH GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ASTRAGALUS EXSCAPUS L.
SSP. TRANSSILVANICUS (BARTH) JAV.
Katalin SZABO1*, Cristian Radu SISEA1, Rodica POP1, Monica BODEA1, Ioana
Virginia PETRICELE1, Alexandru Sabin BĂDĂRĂU2 and Doru PAMFIL1
1
2
Department of Geography, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords: Astragalus exscapus, genetic diversity, SRAP
Introduction. Carpathian List of Endangered Species contains eight Astragalus species
mentioned to be vulnerable or endangered. The endemic Astragalus exscapus L. ssp.
transsilvanicus (Barth) Jav. is a rare perennial plant with 24 populations mapped in the
Transylvanian basin.
Aims. Analysis of the genetic diversity and structure of this threatened subspecies is an
important prerequisite for conservation as it reflects the status and survival potential of
populations (Lande, 1988), this is the main reason why our study is focused on eight different
populations investigation.
Materials and Methods. Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism is a relatively new PCR
based molecular marker (Li and Quiros, 2001) more reliable than Random Amplified
Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), being suitable for population structure analysis.
Results. This study reports the testing of 64 SRAP primer combinations with the intent of
selecting the most reliable ones for further analysis of Astragalus exscapus L. ssp.
transsilvanicus (Barth) Jav. The PCR amplification products were tested on 2% agarose gel.
A total number of 1480 DNA fragments were visualized by EtBr staining.
Conclusion. Fourteen combinations were selected for further research. The most efficient
primer combination was me8em3 which generated 42 visible bands.
References
1. Lande R. (1988). Genetics and demography in biological conservation. Science 241:14551460.
2. Li G. and Quiros C. F. (2001). Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), A new
marker system based on a simple PCR reaction: its application to mapping and gene
tagging in Brassica. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103:455–461.
278
THE IMPROVEMENT OF GENERAL USE GREEN SPACES AND
LAWNS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BAIA MARE ACCORDING TO
EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Beatrice Agneta SZILAGYI1*, Monica MARIAN2, Oana MARE- ROŞCA2,
Lucia MIHALESCU2 and Zorica VOŞGAN2
1
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Horticulture, Cluj Napoca
2
Universitatea Tehnica din Cluj-Napoca, Centrul Universitar Nord Baia Mare
*
Keywords: landscape planning, population, urban green spaces, population
Introduction. A major problem facing contemporary civilization is environmental
degradation and hence the quality of life. Urban green spaces may be a solution for improving
environmental conditions. They are an essential and utilitarian category in the functionality of
localities, being represented by a complex system of architectural elements (the part that is
built) and landscaping (design of green spaces through the use of vegetation). Urban green
spaces as a result of the smaller spread of peri-urban ones require certain landscaping
techniques. Urban green spaces are defined by the ability to improve the microclimate, noise
reduction, their degree of utility, decoration of rest areas, recreation, leisure, sport, and their
overall global aesthetic value (Ciupa, 2010).Normativele europene maximale au în vedere
extinderea spaţiilor verzi din municipiul Baia Mare la 40m2/locuitor, reprezentând 598 ha până în
anul 2015 (Bolea and Chira, 2009).
Aims. The proposed study focuses on the analysis of current green spaces in Baia Mare in a
European context.
Materials and Methods. Taking as reference point the European regulations aimed at growth
and development of urban green areas in Baia Mare, according to results obtained,
observations made and data collected repeatedly (2009-2010), landscape planning of green
spaces were conceived within each park that was analyzed for urban and environmental
improvement.
Results. Following the analysis undertaken in Queen Mary Park (3) Romanian Soldiers
Monument Park (2) and Mara Park (1) landscaping bonds, valences, have materialized on the
current function and destination of these three parks.The field observations were summarized,
analyzed and interpreted in accordance with local climatic conditions and daily needs of the
population. Based on these analyzes, proposals have risen for improving the life of the people
living in the city of Baia Mare, by soliciting certain landscaping techniques.
Conclusion. Through the application of landscape planning proposals, the everyday needs of
the population of Baia Mare are being met; the aestheticization of the three parks Queen Mary
Park (3), Romanian Soldiers Monument (2) and Mara Park (1) shall be accomplished, the
quality of life is going to be improved and last but not least European norms are respected for
the municipality of Baia Mare.
References
1. Ciupa V. and all (2010). Cadrul natural şi peisagistic al municipiului Timişoara, Vol II.
2. Bolea V. and Chira D. (2009). Monitorizarea poluării prin bioindicatori-Programul de
vecinătate România-Ucraina 2004-2006. Editura Cybela, Baia Mare.
279
PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC SEEDS IN POLAND
Magdalena SZPAKOWSKA1*, Roman HOŁUBOWICZ1
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Pathology, Seed Science and Technology,
Seed Science and Technology Division, Poland
Keywords: agricultural organic seeds, ecological seeds, horticultural organic seeds, organic
seeds trade
Introduction. Organic seeds are the ones which are produced without any fertilizers and
pesticides, except those based on copper or sulphur. Since many years, one has been
observing in Poland an increase in the number of farms producing organic food. Their owners
can apply for direct payment from a special EU programme. Although in the EU, for organic
food production one uses only 3-5% of the production fields, still the prognosis for the nearest
years sais it will double. Since 2006, in the UE, there have been rules that all organic food
must be produced from organic seeds. This rule, however, could be omitted if there is no
cultivar on the market with genetic resistance to diseases or pests.
Aims. By collecting data from 10 most important agricultural and horticultural Polish seeds
companies, the picture was created about domestic offer of organic seeds in the years 20082014.
Materials and methods. Five agricultural and 5 horticultural most important Polish seeds
companies were selected to get information about their organic seeds production and trade
offer. It was done through personal contacts with the people responsible for seeds company
marketing.
Results. In the years 2008-2010, 4 Polish seed companies offered organic seeds of vegetables
and one of agricultural crops. In the years 2008-2014, 3 of them gave up production of the
seeds. Only 2 Polish seeds companies, in 2014, offered organic seeds to organic farmers.
These were “PlantiCo Zielonki” (20 species of vegetables, offer covers all important
vegetables grown in Poland) and “Rolnas” (cereals and legumes). This was due to smaller and
smaller demand from the market. Most of organic food producers in Poland no longer ask
about organic seeds and use conventional cultivars.
Conclusion. The present EU law regulations concerning organic food and seeds are not
creating a market demand for organic seed production. This is because there is a shortage of
cultivars for agriculture and horticulture with resistance or tolerance to diseases and pest.
After change of the law, all responding seed companies claimed they would come back to the
production of the seeds.
References
1. Hołubowicz R. and Wojtasik J. (2009). Cost of organic and conventional production of
common bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Poland. Acta hort reg. 12:183-185.
2. Lampkin N.H. and Padel S. (1994). Organic farming: sustainable agriculture in practice.
In: “The Economics of Organic Farming” (Editors: N.H. Lampkin and S. Padel) CAB:
Wallingford, UK 3-8.
3. Liu Q. and Hołubowicz R. (2012). Use of Organic Seeds in Selected Farms in the Area of
Lublin (Eastern Poland). Bull. UASVM Hort. 69:213-218.
280
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS ON ACORNS HEALTH AND
GERMINATION PERCENTAGE
Vasile ŞIMONCA1*, Ioan TĂUT 1 and Florin-Alexandru REBREAN1
1
Departament of Foresty, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
*
Keywords: fungicides, acorns, oak, nursery, germination
Introduction. To study plant disease need to know that it symptomatic manifests,
morphology and biology of the pathogen that causes mutual relations between the host plant
and the pathogen, and the influence exerted by environmental conditions. In the fight against
plant diseases are mainly preventive measures.
Aims. Although currently on the market there are a variety of pesticides that meet these
conditions, forestry is disfavoured regarding testing and approval and use of new products due
to the small amounts of fungicides used, which makes the producers are not very interested in
this field, the time necessary biological experiments and legislative restrictions encountered.
Thus sought to determine the degree of impairment in nature pests of the acorn crop
emergence percentage and seedling development in the first year of vegetation under the
influence of prophylactic or curative treatments applied at sowing, using some new fungicides
field.
Materials and Methods. To control these pathogens were tested fungicides series of new
generations. Tests made in several forest nurseries using acorn several origins and several
species of the genus Quercus. Was treated before sowing acorns and watched the effect of
these treatments] n health and seedling emergence percentage obtained.
Results. Among the treatment options observed differences statistically provided. Some
fungicides provide a significant increase compared with control variant.
Conclusion. There is a significant increase in the percentage emergence treatments are
applied curatively of 7 fungicides tested the effect it's differential treatment depending on the
species, the health of the acorn, and the time of treatment.
Improper storage of more than 10 days of moisture results in a loss of there is a significant
increase in the percentage of germination.
References
1. Bolea V., Crisan A. and Pătrăcoiu N. (1991). Vătămări cauzate de agentii criptogamici
primordiilor florale şi ghindelor cu embrionul în formare la Quercus robur L., Q.petraea
(Matt.) Liebl. şi Q.frainetto Ten. Revista Pădurilor, .4.
2. Prochazkova Z., Sikorova A and Peskova V. (2005). Preliminary observations on the
occurrence of Ciboria batschiana (Zopf) Buchwald in the Czech Republic.
http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2005/mwp011.htm.
281
DEFOLIATORS PRESENT IN HARDWOOD STANDS OF NORTHWESTERN TRANSYLVANIA AND THEIR FORECAST FOR 2014
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ŞIMONCA1, Liviu HOLONEC1, Tomescu ROMICA2,
Alexandru COLISAR1 and Mircea MOLDOVAN2
1
2
Forest Research and Management Institute
Keywords: stands, defoliators, prognosis
Introduction. Hardwood stands of north-western Transylvania and beyond, are constantly
subjected to stress factors such as biotic and abiotic nature. In the first category an important
role have defoliating insects that produce periodic gradations, leading to partial or complete
defoliation.
Aims. Avoiding the destruction of stands from analyzed area, requires human intervention to
maintain a balance, this being possible by monitoring defoliators biology and on the other
hand, monitoring of the limiting factors of these pests.
Materials and Methods. In order to determine the mode of action of defoliators, every year
the procedure is to prepare the forecast for each stand, which involves gathering samples from
control surfaces with reference to quality and quantity data about pests. Quantitative data
refers to population density, the ratio between the number of insects per unit of measure that
appropriate may be a tree, a branch, a bud or a surface (1). Qualitative data are represented by
fecundity, depending on which stage sets gradation and sexual index (I), the ratio between the
number of females (F) and total number of insects (F + M); I = F / F + M.
Results. Forecast for spring 2014 was prepared for the stands from Forestry Department Cluj,
Forestry Department Satu Mare, Forestry Department Oradea and Forestry Department
Maramures and targeted defoliators Lymantria dispar and Tortrix viridana (2). After
harvesting samples in the field, laboratory analysis and preparation of analysis reports,
resulted that the Forestry Department where they will be conducted to combat is Oradea and
the main pest is Lymantria dispar.
Conclusion. Areas that will be conducted to combat zone, will be treated aerial, using
selective insecticides that are inhibiting chitin and are accepted by both the European Union
and the Forest Stewardship Council. Although the main defoliator is in the fourth phase of
gradation by high population density (number per tree ponte high) resulted in a coefficient of
infestation that led to inclusion of about 600 hectares in the combat zone.
References
1. Simionescu A. and Mihalache Gh. (Coord). (2000). Protecţia pădurilor. RNP. Ed.
Muşatinii. Suceava.
2. Ordinul nr. 454 din14 iulie 2003
282
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE VARIABILITY OF THE MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS OF LETTUCE FROM V.R.D.S. BUZAU
GERMPLASM COLLECTION
Eliza TEODORESCU1*
1
Vegetable Research and Development Station, Buzău, Romania.
*
Keywords: germplasm collection, Lactuca sativa L., lettuce
Introduction. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the most important crop in the group of leafy
vegetables. Lately, the nutritionists recommend more often lettuce consumption because of its
high content in vitamins, mineral salts, nutrient substances and low content in carbohydrates.
Aims. Since 2011, at V.R.D.S. Buzau there were started preservation and valorization
programs concerning the vegetable patrimony with phenotypic useful expression and high
ecological plasticity. In this sense, the lettuce collection from VRDS contains over 30
accessions.
This work presents the main characteristics of 10 accessions, wich are the most representative
in this collection.
Materials and Methods. The experiment took pace at V.R.D.S. Buzau during 2012-2013.
From the lettuce germplasm collection, there were selected most representative 10 accessions.
The culture was started by seedlings, that were sowed during the second decade of March and
planting took place during the first decade of April (2014) and third decade of April (2013).
The harvest was made at the beginning of June. The experiment was organized in open field
according to the randomized blocks method with 3 repetitions. In order to analyze the results,
there were used variance analysis, multiple comparison method (Duncan`s test) and data
analysis from several years of experiments made on the same location (2013 and 2014).
Results. The seedlings of V9 variant presented a delicate anthocyanin coloration since the first
development period. The plat of this variant did not have head and also presented high
anthocyanin coloration at consumption maturity. At V6 leafs were dark green with
fimbriations on margins. In 2013 maximum leaf length at this variant surpassed 26cm, and
maximum width was 32cm. At V7 there was observed a high anthocyanin coloration on the
entire leaf surface during first development period. Subsequently, leaf base was green and the
anthocyanin coloration could have been seen only on the superior half of the leaf and the
exterior closed head. Plants weight varied between 504.33g at V6 in 2013 and 162.45g at V1
in 2014.
Conclusion. During the two years of culture (2013 and 2014), years different from the
meteorological point of view, there were registered significant differences between the
studied variants in what it concerns the quantitative and qualitative characteristics.
Acknowledgements. This work was co financed from A.D.E.R. 2020 Program, project
A.D.E.R. 1.1.11.
283
STUDIES ON SPIRAEA X VANHOUTEII PHENOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SUN EXPOSURE
Raluca TOMA1 and Dumitru ZAHARIA1*
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords: Spiraea x vanhouteii, phenological stages, urban environment
Introduction. Today, phenology is considered to be the discipline that studies and observes
the phases of plant and animal development or activity which have a periodic character and at
the same time coincide with annual solar phases.
There are some aspects that characterize phenology: observations are made directly on visible
aspects of biological development; phases are cyclic, closely linked to the solar year;
environmental factors affect timing and length of the phases; every species have its own
growing phases determined by his genetic characteristics.
Aims. Monitoring in situ woody plants development can offer the possibility to understand in
which way environmental factors affect plant growth.
Materials and methods. Research was conducted on the Spiraea x vanhouteii cultivar during
the entire growing season for four years. Observations were made around Donath Street in
Cluj-Napoca. Data about timing and length of phenological stages of shrubs with different sun
exposure were collected.
Results. Sun exposure affects growing stages, plants that were exposed more to direct
sunlight begin their bud development earlier than those which hav been exposed to direct
sunlight. The length of phenological stages doesn’t seem to be affected by the sun exposure.
These have the same duration whether the shrub was or wasn’t in direct sunlight.
Conclusion. The dataset recorded in this study allowed the analysis of phenological response
to sun exposure.
284
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE GERMINATION OF FORESTRY
SEEDS USING DIFFERENT CHEMICALS
Alina TRUŢA1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Maria HOLDIŞ1, Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1 and
Florin REBREANU1
1
Department of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, RO
*
Keywords: chemicals, container, germination, seed, seedlings
Introduction. The nurseries are different technologies used to produce seedlings growing
thru generative way (Kang, 1991; Li, 1992). Any technology is incorporated into the adopted
seed seedbed, which should be favourable conditions for germination, emergence process
(Sorg, 2010).
Aims. This paper aims to stimulate seed germination study of Spruce (Picea abies) and Glade
(Gleditsia triacanthos) using two types of edaphic substrate (peat and peat + sand) and
various chemicals.
Materials and Methods. As materials were used containers with one block of the sockets 60.
The containers were placed in the greenhouse nursery Mihai Viteazu, from Turda Forest.
Germination rates of seeds of Spruce and Glade were investigated by applying chemical
treatments in several ways: (V1) - concentration of 20 grams per 0.5 liters of the calcium
hydroxide, treated for 18 hours; (V2) - stimulating the growth paranitrofenolat concentrated
aqueous solution (0.3%) treated for 8 hours; (V3) - aqueous solution containing the auxins
(ANA, alpha-naphthylacetic acid) 9% ,treated for 8 hours; (V4) - concentration of 1 g in
water 0.5 l of copper sulphate (Cu SO4) treated for 24 hours; (V5) - concentration of 1.25 g in
0.5 l water potassium permanganate (KMnO4), treated for 24 hours; (V6) - concentrated
sulfuric acid (H2 SO4) for 30 minutes of treatment.
Results:. The highest rate of germination was obtained in versions V2, V3, V4 and V6, and
the lowest in versions V1 and V5. Research will be continued to determine any increases in
diameter and height.
Conclusions. Choice of chemical substances influence on germination processes and their
application will increase the percentage of seedlings emergence retainer and species studied.
References
1. Kang H. (1991). Recurrent selection, mating design, and effective population size. In:
Proceedings 21st Southern Forest Tree Improvement Conference June 1991, Knoxville,
Tennessee. 129-143
2. Li B., Williams C. G., Carlson W. C., Harrington C. A. and Lambeth C. (1992). Gain
efficiency in short-term testing: experimental results. Canadian Journal of Forest
Research 22:290-297.
3. Sorg A., Bugmann H., Bollschweiler M., Stoffel M. (2010). Debris-flow activity along a
torrent in the Swiss Alps: Minimum frequency of events and implications for forest
dynamics. Dendrochronologia 28(4):215-223.
285
PROBLEMATISATION, METHOD OF ACHIEVING TECHNOLOGY
TRANSFER IN POMICULTURE
Liana Maria VAC1, Sebastian-Călin VAC1*, Viorel MITRE1 and Ionel PAPUC1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of
Horticulture, Romania
Keywords: method, pomiculture, problematisation, Romania, technology transfer
Introduction. Based on the problems facing our contemporary society, it is necessary to
identify methods and modern techniques of teaching and learning, adapted to economic and
social environment. This will facilitate both assimilation by students more easily of
information, practical skills required to integrate more easily into the labor market, but will
bring significant benefits to economic and social environment, providing graduates able to
respond to actual challenges, which will lead to shorter periods of adjustment and integration
in the workplace (Vac). Also, in this way will be facilitated technology transfer between
academia and the social and economic environment, one of the basic approaches of
contemporary society (Manolea, 2012).
Aims. This research aims to highlight the role of problematisation in achieving technology
transfer between academia and economic environment.
Materials and methods. Materials used in the analysis consist of human resources (ie the
students of Pomiculture discipline, the experts of anti-hail installations) and problem
situations, ie concrete problems they face. The methods used will be the method of analysis
and synthesis, and theoretical generalization method.
Results. UASVM Cluj-Napoca, being a university with a strong practical and applied, with its
own didactic experimental orchard where problem situations could be easily identified and
were within a natural environment, they could be addressed and solved practical rather more
easily, while developing students' practical skills for solving that will be useful in their future
work. In this regard, the need to install the anti-hail installation represented the most actual
and complex problem situation that has faced the students, being constantly guided by the
expert in the field of anti-hail.
Conclusion. Relying on concrete problem situations, problematisation is one of the most
important methods of identifying and achieving technology transfer in pomiculture and not
only.
References
1. Vac, L.M. Problematisation, modern teaching method applied in pomiculture, PhD thesis
in developing.
2. Manolea, Gh. (2012). Valorisation the creative potential of universities by innovation and
technology transfer, AGIR Bulletin, University of Craiova.
286
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPEMNT STRATEGIES FOR LIMITROPHE
GREEN AREAS IN THE PROSPECT OF FUTURE URBAN
EXPANSIONS
Răzvan VASIU1*, Laura LUCA2 and Păuniţa BOANCĂ1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
2
Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: landscape, master plan, sustainable urbanism
Introduction. The urban growth following the economic "boom" of the years 2005-2009 has
left cities throughout Romania in a chaotic and confused state. The lack of integrated and
interconnected urban developments, the lack of urban functions, public or green spaces have
all led to inequality and poor life quality for everyone. While some harm is already done, it is
now possible to formulate sustainable development strategies for dysfunctional areas of cities.
Aims. Taking a specific limitrophe green and drafting a master plan that includes strategies
for integrating an otherwise discarded piece of land, while meeting the present needs of the
neighbouring residents and at the same time providing the means of a future urban
development interconnected with, and around this site.
Materials and Methods. The method used consists in simultaneously interpreting 4 specific
layers, relevant for the studied site, namely the former RADP plant nursery in the Gheorgheni
area of Cluj-Napoca- studying future development plans for the area surrounding the site
(PUG); a sequential space analysis on site; analysis of development projects in similar
contexts both in terms of size and opportunities; organizing questionnaires and interviews
with the local residents in order to determine an objective SWOT analysis;
Results. The research carried on for the analyzed site will be concluded in a Master Plan that
provides valuable development directions for the entire area by providing proper access points
and paths for pedestrians and vehicles and by introducing new urban functions that will
dramatically increase the attractiveness of the area and will thus provide social and economic
sustainability.
Conclusion. The set of sustainable development strategies presented in this research provide
the context in which a specific site is given relevant purpose. Furthermore all future
commercial and residential areas that will be emerging in the area are expected to be
influenced by the presence of a well organized, lively and easy to access public green area
that will undoubtedly have significant ecological, social and economic benefits on existing
and future inhabitants thus greatly improving their quality of life.
287
STUDY OF ELEMENTS VARIABILITY OF THE QUERCUS CERRIS
Oana VIMAN1*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Alina TRUŢA1 and Daniel SOUCA1
1
Department of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, RO
*
Keywords: environmental factors, Quercus cerris, variability
Introduction. Knowledge of genetic variation is a prerequisite for long-term maintenance of
forest ecosystem stability and output stability, the size and model because it determines the
ability of tree species to adapt to long-term variation in time and space environmental
conditions (Sofletea, 2005).
Aims. In this study we tried to highlight how certain environmental factors (altitude,
exhibition etc.) act on the variability of the Quercus cerris.
Materials and Methods. To study these influences four landscaping units have been chosen
in which the oak has similar ages (in this respect the condition chosen was the specific age
class) and identical soil conditions. The sites are located in Jibou Forestry on the surface of a
single production unit. For each site, 30 trees were chosen at a distance of 50 meters, after
which the elements of interest were studied.
Results. In terms of the heights of the stands (ua 78C, 178C) showed that the exhibitions NE
and E trees showed greater heights than to exhibit S from other sites that have registered ua
lower heights (ua 79B, 118B ). With regard to diameter, the amplitude of variation was within
the range of 24.60 cm (ua 79B - showing a small force growth) and 29.87 cm (ua 178C showing a large force growth), the average experience being 26.63m and crown diameter
superior results were noted at sites 79B and 118B ua.
Conclusions. After a vast research, it was observed that in each of the four landscaping units,
specific environmental factors influenced in a different way the tree characteristics studied.
This fact led us to the conclusion that environmental factors have a significant impact on the
variability, also helped us in choosing the place where the Turkey oak species has the best
conditions to develop.
References
1. Şofletea N. (2005). Genetics and tree improvement, Ed. „For life”, Braşov.
288
EFFECT OF SPECIES ON THE MAINTENANCE OF SEEDLINGS ON
ERODED LANDS IN FRATA AMELIORATION PERIMETER, CLUJ
COUNTY, IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER PLANTING
Horia-Dan VLASIN1* and Liviu HOLONEC1
1
University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Horticulture,
*
Keywords: afforestation, anti-erosional land preparation, Fraxinus ornus, Robinia
pseudacacia, seedlings
Introducţion. In order to establish the influence of species on the maintenance of seedlings
planted on degraded lands by superficial erosion in the Transylvanian Plain we used black
locust (Robinia pseudacacia) and manna ash (Fraxinus ornus). Pits and terraces making were
the land preparation modes. We established the saplings maintenance degree in the first year
after planting.
Aims. We tested the way the species influences the maintenance degree of black locust and
manna ash saplings, in the first year after planting.
Material and methods. To establish the influence of species on the maintenance of seedlings
planted and which stroke roots, we placed two experiments in degraded lands amelioration
perimeter Frata. The experiments were monofactorial. The anti-erosional land preparation was
done in terraces and pits in 2012. The seedlings used were two years old and they were
planting in the spring of 2013. The observations on the maintenance degree were done in
September 2013. The experiments were placed so as the data could be statistically processed;
showing the variabilities and their causes was done by analyzing the monofactorial variances.
The significance of the differences between the tested variants was shown using Duncan
(Tuckey) test of multiple comparisons, considerable difference DS5%.
Results. Analyzing the data we came to the conclusion that the black locust ensured the highest
degree of maintenance, no matter the way the anti-erosional land preparation was done (pits or
terraces). In the first year after planting (2013), both methods of anti-erosional land preparation
ensured a similar maintenance degree of the two forestry species.
References
1. Vlasin H., Budiu V. and Stan R. (2013). The efect of species and antierozional land
preparation of eroded lands on the maintenance of forestry seedlings (%) in the first years
after planting. Bulletin UASVM Horticulture, 70(1):230-236.
289
A NUCLEAR-STOCK PLUM COLLECTION ESTABLISHED AT FRUIT
RESEARCH &DEVELOPMENT STATION BISTRIȚA, ROMANIA
Ioan ZAGRAI1* and Luminita ZAGRAI1
1
Fruit Research & Development Station Bistrița, Romania
Keywords: EPPO standards, plum, prebasic material, virus free
Introduction. The plum is the dominant fruit specie in Romania (FAOSTAT, 2012), and
hence is of great economic importance. On the other hand, some viral pathogens cause serious
yield losses in Romanian plum orchards, mainly because the control measures are often poor
implemented. The using of certified virus free planting material is one of the main
prophylactic measures to reduce the economic losses caused by the viral pathogens. To secure
a virus free status on plum propagation material, it should be produced according to
certification scheme and the requirements stated in EPPO standards. Production of nuclear
stock represent the top of storey pyramid of the certification scheme and, therefore, it is the
basis for successful of production propagation stock and, subsequently, certified fruit trees.
Materials and Methods. The work for obtaining nuclear-stock plum material was performed
in two steps, during 2008-2013. The first step of work was focused on 15 plum cultivars
(Iulia, Matilda, Geta, Zamfira, Ivan, Dani, Doina, Romaner, Elena, Jubileu 50, Flora, Renclod
Althan, Stanley, Anna Spath and Carpatin) and extended, in the second step, to other six plum
cultivars (Agent, Gras ameliorat, Centenar, Minerva, Andreea and Delia). After a preliminary
monitoring in the field, the selected cultivars were grafted onto virus-free Myrobolan 29C into
insect-proof house to produce candidate nuclear stock. Biological, serological and molecular
tests were then performed to confirm / infirm the virus free status.
Results. All candidate nuclear stock plants derived from 21 selected clones confirmed virus
free status in biological, serological and/or molecular tests. The work done was consistent
with EPPO certification standards and the rules of national regulatory. Consequently, plants
belonging to 21 plum cultivars were certified as ‘Prebasic’category by Territorial Inspection
for Quality Seeds and Planting Material.
Conclusion. A nuclear stock plum collection was recently established at Fruit Research &
Development Station Bistrița. Currently, the ‘Prebasic’ plants are used for production a larger
number of plants of ‘Basic’ category.
290
RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE RESEARCHES REGARDING THE
ROOTING OF SEMPERVIVUM ROSETTES IN EXTERIOR
CONDITIONS
Adrian ZAHARIA1*, Denisa Andreea HORŢ1, Maria CANTOR1 and Erzsebet BUTA1
1
Deparment of Ornamental plants. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords: control, factors, propagation, rooting, substrate
Introduction. In this research were used two species of Sempervivum: S. Tectorum and S.
Montanum, verry appreciated by landscape architects and used in the design of hanging
gardens, rock gardens or green roofs. This appreciation is due to the ecological conditions
appropriate for the development of sempervivum plants. They prefer well-drained soils, sunny
areas and relatively low in nutrients (Abrams, 1994; Carlstrom, 1985).
Aims. The research was developped to establish which characteristics of the substrate have
the larger influence on the rooting and also the favorable climatic conditions that are
influencing the most the rootedness of Sempervivum.
Materials and Methods. The experiences were conducted in the didactical greenhouse and
the didactical field of Floriculture and Ornamental Tree disciplines of UASVM Cluj-Napoca.
For the success of this method of propagation, we used young rosettes formed on stolons, also
considering the timing and the technique of establishing the experience. Experiments were
organized having two factors and each variant had three repetitions. The research was
conducted in 2006. Experiences organized outside benefited the environmental conditions
specific to the area where is located the university.
Results. The statistical calculation performed to establish the significance of differences
between variants and control show that between variant 2 and control the negative difference
is distinct significant and the difference between variant 5 and control variant is very
significantly negative.
Conclusion. In conclusion, we can say that rooting rosettes of Sempervivum is under strong
influence of the substrate.
References
1. Abrams L. (1994). Crassulaceae, in Illustrated Flora of Pacific States. California Stanford
University Press, 342 – 346.
2. Carlstrom A.L. (1985). Two new species of Sedum, Willdenowia, 108 – 113.
291
Section 5: Economics and Rural Development
ASSESSING WESTERN INFLUENCE ON EASTERN PRODUCERS
THROUGH THE CITIZEN/CONSUMER PARADOX
Stef AERTS1,2*
1
Odisee University College. Belgium.
Ethics@Arenberg, KU Leuven. Belgium.
*
2
Keywords: consumer, ethics, retail
Introduction. The leading paradigm in economics states the consumer is the leading force in
the market place. Consumer demands and preferences are transferred through the retail and
production chain and influence which (and how) products are made. At the same time there is
a political influence on production, driven by the demands and preferences of citizens
(voters). Although these consumers and citizens are the same people, their demands are not
the same, this is called the citizen/consumer paradox.
Aims. In this paper we elaborate further on the citizen/consumer paradox to investigate if and
how Eastern European producers are influenced by Western European citizens and
consumers.
Results. Earlier (Aerts, 2014) we argued that the citizen/consumer paradox is a flawed
concept. The most important objection is that it severely underestimates the influence of the
different actors along the production chain. Considering the hourglas shape of the food chain
in Western Europe (many farmers, few retailers, many consumers; see Grievink (2003)) it is
clear where the leverage is highest: with the retail and associated firms. It seems that,
increasingly, also the Eastern European retail industry becomes more concentrated, and
dominated by the leading international retail firms. There are two possible consequences to
this evolution. Either local producers will be forced to apply similar production techniques as
the Western European suppliers to these firms. A second possibility is that the increasing
dependence of these firms on Eastern European producers and markets will make them more
reluctant to apply ‘higher’ demands, even in their old home markets.
Conclusion.. Applying the citizen/consumer paradox to the evolving Eastern European retail
market shows the great influence of retail industries on what is produced and consumed.
Whether pressure on local producers will rise remains to be seen.
References
1. Aerts S. (2014). The consumer does not exist: overcoming the citizen/consumer paradox by
shifting focus. In: The ethics of consumption - The citizen, the market, and the law,
(Röcklinsberg, H., Sandin, P. (Eds.)). Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.
172-176.
2. Grievink, J.W. (2003). The changing face of the global food industry. Presentation at the
OECD Conference 6 February 2003. The Hague. The Netherlands.
292
SCENARIOS FOR BRIDGING UP THE PRODUCTIVITY GAPS
ALONG THE ROMANIAN VEGETABLE SUPPLY CHAIN
Cornelia ALBOIU1*
1
Department of Agricultural Markets. Institute of Agricultural Economics. Romania.
*
Keywords: vegetable productivity indicators, scenarios
Introduction. In recent years, the productivity of agri-food sector has become again a subject of
interest due global challenges caused by increasing food demand in new emerging countries, nonfood uses of agricultural production, and the impact of technology and innovation on productivity
in agriculture, including the fast development of large retail chains, which can lead to growth and
poverty alleviation in both rural and urban areas. Interest in this topic is marked mainly by higher
prices of food products due to lower agricultural productivity, quoted as one of the causes of the
crisis in the long term (Fugle, 2008), and the need to increase productivity considered to be one of
long-term solutions to crisis (Diao et al.,2010).
Aims. The aim of this paper is the analysis of vegetable productivity in primary production and
processing sector, through specific indicators and to present a scenario to bridge up production
gaps so that the demand can be fully covered by the domestic production.
Materials and Methods. The research undertaken for this paper used a mixture of statistical data
analysis, field research, productivity indicators and prognosis. Based on productivity indicators, a
scenario is constructed, taking into account as a baseline the year 2012, and several hypotheses
are considered based on the analysis of several indicators namely: cultivated area, average yield,
human consumption and raw material consumption for processing. The scenario is developed for
tomatoes, as this product has the highest share among the vegetables production and also the
highest volatility.
Results. Following a complete analysis and several forecasts the results show that, in case of a
realistic scenario based on the growth rates of the area cultivated with vegetables under
greenhouses and plastic tunnels by over 50 % in the period 2007-2012, the aim of bridging up the
gap with regards to the domestic consumption need is possible.
Conclusion. The productivity on the vegetables chain is very low, mainly in the primary sector.
At the same time, the areas cultivated with vegetables under greenhouses and plastic tunnels
increased by about 50% since 2007. This trend could be also noticed in the case of yields. The
proposed scenario shows that starting from a baseline scenario taking into account the year 2012,
it is practically possible to bridge up the productivity gaps in about 7 years, on the basis of the
increase of areas under greenhouses and plastic tunnels as well as of the increase of yields/hectare.
References
1. Diao X., Fan S., Kanyarukiga S. and Yu B. (2010). Agricultural growth and investment options
for poverty reduction in Rwanda. International Food Policy Research Institute.
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/rr166.pdf.
2. Dell’Aquila C., Petriccione G. and Perito M. (2011). The EU vegetable and fruit sector:
overview and post 2013 CAP perspective study. Directorate General for internal policies.
Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies, Agriculture and Rural Development.
www.europarl.europa.eu/studies.
3. Dries L., Reardon T. and Swinnen J.F.M. (2004). The rapid rise of supermarkets in Central and
Eastern Europe: Implications for the agrifood sector and rural development. Development
Policy Review 22 (5): 525-556.
293
FOOD CONSUMPTION DIVERSITY IN ROMANIA
Cecilia ALEXANDRI1*
1
Department Agricultural Markets. Institute of Agricultural Economic Bucuresti. Romania.
*
Keywords: food and nutritional security, food diversity, household behaviour, Romania
Introduction. Many empirical studies investigate the relation between the amounts of
consumed food from different products and the different socio-economic characteristics of
households. However, there are few concerns with regard to other aspects related to the
consumption behaviour, such as such as the number of individual food items consumed over a
certain period, in other words dietary variety or diversity. Diversity is an important qualitative
element in the human diet, representing an indicator of population’s food and nutritional
security. At the same time, the investigation of food consumption diversity in certain
geographical areas is important for the marketing strategies of firms and trade (Thiele and
Weiss, 2003).
Aims. Identification of economic and socio-demographic factors influencing food
consumption diversity on the Romanian households. Among the investigated factors, we had
in view the incomes in the first place, then the household residence area, the educational level
as well as other demographic factors.
Materials and Methods. Count measure and Berry index are employed to measure food
diversity. The data used are those from the Household Budget Survey for the years 2011 and
2004, the 1st quarter. The micro-data contains the information referring to the demographic
indicators, incomes, household expenditures and consumption, including about 7800
households for each year.
Results. An increase of food consumption in quantitative and qualitative terms was noticed
between 2004-2011, mainly in the products considered important from the nutritional point of
view, such as meat, fish, dairy products and fruit. The calculated Berry index reveals a
positive correlation between diversity and household incomes. At the same time, food
diversity is higher in the case of urban households compared to the rural households. Among
the significant demographic factors, we mention the household head’s educational level and
the household members’ age.
Conclusion. We found that the food diversity increased between the years 2004-2007. At the
same time the food diversity in Romania is strongly influenced by high share of selfconsumption (subsistence) especially in rural areas.
References
1. Thiele S. and Weiss C. (2003). Consumer demand for food diversity: evidence for
Germany. Food Policy. 28:99-115. www.elsevier.com/locate/foodpol.
294
ANALYSIS OF THE EDUCATION SERVICES. CASE STUDY: MASTER
FOOD IDENTITY
Felix H. ARION1, Iulia C. MURESAN1* and Adriana M. PASCALĂU1
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: expectations, perceptions, SERVQUAL, university
Introduction. Service quality and customer satisfaction are very important concepts that
universities must understand to remain competitive. During the last period more and more
research were conducted in order to find the quality of services offered by the universities.
Aims. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the quality of educational services offered
by USAMV Cluj-Napoca and to present the expectations and the perceptions of the students,
and at the same time the level of their satisfaction.
Materials and Methods. Research was designed as a case study in the program Master Food
Identity, the quality estimate is done using the questionnaire developed on the basis of
adapted research method SERVQUAL. The SERVQUAL method is based on 22 afirmation
that need to be evaluated from the expectation and the perception point of view. A negative
score indicates that the service do not meet the expectation of the students, while a positive
score indicates that the service exceeds the expectations of the students. The total number of
applied questionnaire was 24.
Results. From the analysis carried out it was found out, that perceptions of international
students meet their expectations, even exceed their expectations in four of the five dimensions
analyzed. Trust dimension is the only one that recorded a negative score, service quality
perceptions form this point of view is below the level expected by students. For the
international student the more important aspect is the knowledge and behavior of teachers and
the least important aspect is represented by physical facilities, teachers outfit and associated
teaching materials
Conclusion. This study contributes to the already existing studies examining educational
service quality, strengthening the statements that SERVQUAL is a good tool for measuring
the quality of educational services from higher education system.
295
DEVELOPMENTS OF CITRUS FOREIGN TRADE IN TURKEY
Hasan ARISOY1* and Gülcan ERAKTAN2
1
2
Department of Agricultural Economics. Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University. Konya. Turkey.
Department of Agricultural Economics. Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University. Ankara. Turkey.
*
Keywords: citrus, export, intensification (regionalization) coefficient, Turkey
Introduction. Although citrus comprises one of the most important chapters of Turkish
export, the rate of that crop group in total export decreases in the course of time. World citrus
export is increasing correspondingly in the last years. While the total World trade is
increasing over the last decade, attempts of export countries, foremost Spain, Netherlands,
Italian, USA, Chile, Chine, for getting more shares from the World markets make a procompetition effect. Therefore, it is more significant to determent, whether Turkey maintains
its share in the import of destination countries than the increase of Turkish export in citrus in
the course of time. So, the size and direction of the intensity of Turkey in import of
destination countries is critically important.
Aims. The aim of that study is to scrutinize the change of value and direction of trade flow
between Turkey and citrus importing countries as per time. Consequently, the Turkey’s share
in the markets in which Turkish export products addressed and the changes in these markets
in the course of time will be determined.
Materials and Methods. Main material of the study is the data provided from UN Trade
Statistics Database (UN comtrade). Trade Intensity Analysis which indicates the progress of
bilateral trade relations has been used in the study.
Results. The intensification coefficients of the export of Turkish citrus which have mostly
comparative advantage indicate that Turkey is losing its market share even in respect of the
leading destination countries.
Conclusion. The market losses come out of many reasons. There are a lot of problems to be
tackled in that area. Firstly, production of these crops does not match the conformity with
market demand concerning the quantity and some peculiarities.
296
STUDY REGARDING THE MARKETING ORIENTATION IN THE
AGRO-FOOD INDUSTRY FROM CLUJ COUNTY
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1*, Felix ARION1 and Daniel CHICIUDEAN1
1
*
Keywords: marketing-oriented, sales-oriented, marketing audit
Introduction. Successful companies begin their annual activity only after conducting an
internal marketing audit (McDonald, 2007). Moreover, in the agro-food sector is a strong
necessity to perform such an audit because the consumer is directly involved (Crawford,
2006). Avlonitis and Gounaris (1997) identified that companies can be classified as:
marketing-oriented and sales-oriented.
Aims. The aim of this study is to determine which type of orientation exists within the agrofood industry from Cluj County.
Materials and Methods. In order to achieve the objective, a study was conducted among the
agro-food companies from Cluj-County in 2012 on a sample of 51 companies. The instrument
used was the questionnaire comprising a set of seven affirmations regarding marketing
orientation using a seven-point scale. In order to determine the company classification were
used statistical analysis such as: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test, Factor Analysis and Cluster
Analysis.
Results. After performing the Factorial Analysis, two factors were obtained: marketing
oriented and sales-oriented. K-Means Cluster analysis allowed observing that the agro-food
companies from Cluj County have to strong orientation: 32 companies of the total sample of
51 are sales-oriented, while 19 food-companies are marketing-oriented. The sales-oriented
group is interested in market studies, promotion actions and marketing mix strategies. The
marketing-oriented group is interested in obtaining customer satisfaction, designing products
according to customer demand and preference, customer fidelity and satisfied employees.
Conclusion. It can be concluded that the agro-food companies from Cluj-County are more
interested in sales and increasing sales volume, than obtaining the customer satisfaction and
fidelity.
References
1. Avlonitis G. and Gounaris S. (1997). Marketing orientation and company performance: A
comparative study of industrial vs. consumer goods companies. Industrial Marketing
Management. 2(5):1-18.
2. Crawford I.M. (2006). Agricultural and food marketing management. FAO Agriculture
dept.
3. McDonald M. (2007). The Marketing planning process. Marketing plans, how to prepare
them how to use them. 6th edition. Elsevier. London. 27-77.
297
PURCHASE AND CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR, DISTRIBUTION AND
SALES STRATEGIES FOR BAKERY PRODUCTS(CASE STUDY IN IASI
STORES)
Aurel CHIRAN1*, Elena GÎNDU1, Andy-Felix JITĂREANU1 and Ştefan VIZITEU1
1
Department of agro-economics, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi
*
Keywords: distribution, bread, strategies
Introduction. The demand for bakery products in general and bread in particular is inelastic, therefore
manufacturing firms should focus on diversifying and quality growth, while focusing on the potential
benefits to consumers’health (Chiran et al., 2004). New sustainabilityguidelines and the conditions
imposed by the European Union in order to ensure consumer protection are required to be integrated
into the producing establishments’ policy for a better positioning, compared with the existing national
or local competitive environment (Saseanu, 2005). In order to study the bakery market in Iasi
(highlighting the major suppliers and major brands in stores, specific product range, purchase and
consumption behavior in terms of marketing units) a survey was conducted on 34 grocery stores in Iasi
that sellbread and bakery products.
Aims. This paper aims to ensure an evaluation of the bakery chain, emphasizing the particularities of
marketing and consumption.
Materials and methods. We used the statistical method based on a written questionnaire survey,
using a panel of 34 grocery stores in Iasi. The questionnaire included 21 questions (of which 4 for
identification) with 65 variables. The types of questions were: closed dichotomous, closed-option
response and scale closed. The main objectives of the study were: identifying the main manufacturers /
distributors of bakery products to grocery stores in the city; presenting the distribution characteristics
in terms of people that perform reception and subsequent orders; specifying the motivations of
purchase and consumption pattern determinants of bread from the perspective of shop representatives;
determining the main types of frequently purchasedbread and purchaseconditions in grocery stores.
Results. The study showed that, for the main suppliers of bakery products to the analyzed units,
utmost importance is given to quality of the products, 82.4% indicating this feature, followed by
timeliness of deliveries (35.3%) and the reputation of the company / brand (23.5%). The main aspects
required to be improved within the distribution process, highlighted by the sampled grocery stores’
representatives, aimed at ensuring product quality (22 cases), management and resolution of
complaints (11 cases) and support for ensuring optimal orders (9 cases). Most of the representatives of
economic units (52.94%) mentioned, based on observations and own experience, that the information
on the label is unimportant or less important to buyers. Only 23.53% of the respondents rated the label
information importance as being very high.
Conclusion. In the Iasi county, supermarkets are increasingly developing their own brands, offering
fresh products and a wide range of assortments, which areusuallyarranged in a specially designed large
bakery selling area, with an attractive visual layout, while maintaining and enriching local or regional
manufacturers’ brands.
According to the survey, which aimed stores’ representatives,the major suppliers of bakery products to
stores included in the study are also the most important producers in Iasi: S.C. PANIFCOM LLC Iasi,
S.C. VEL PITAR S.A. and S.C. COMPAN S.A. Iaşi.
References
1. Chiran A., Gîndu Elena et al. (2004). Piaţa produselor agricole şi agroalimentare - abordare
teoretică si practică. Ed. Ceres. Bucureşti.
2. Săseanu A. (2005). Preocupări şi tendinţe în cadrul pieţei produselor de panificaţie în Uniunea
Europeană, cu implicaţii pe piaţa românească de produse de panificaţie. Revista Amfiteatru
Economic. 17.
3. Vişan I.R. (2006). Investigarea comportamentului de cumpărare şi consum. Ed. Junimea, Iaşi.
298
DEVELOPMENT OR UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIAN RURAL
AREAS AFTER EUROPEAN UNION INTEGRATION?
Vergina CHIRITESCU1*, Mihaela KRUSZLICIKA1 and Daniela Ruxandra ANDREI2
1
Romanian Academy. Institute of Agricultural Economics. Romania.
2
Romanian - American University, Bucharest. Romania.
*
Keywords: rural development, rural areas, Romania, underdevelopment, EU integration
Introduction. Romania became a member state of the European Union on January 1, 2007, and this
has involved compliance with EU and national priorities including the need to negotiate subscribes to
national needs, given the significant deficit of economic development to the countries of Western and
central Europe. Romanian rural residents, perhaps even more than those in urban areas, have put much
hope in European integration, especially after chapter "Agriculture and Rural Development" was
intensely debated in pre-accession. However, after seven years, the Romanian rural areas seem as
developed or underdeveloped. National agricultural policies were often inconsistent, European funds
has been poor, and rural development is seen only here and there in the large farms or small and timid
initiatives.
Aims. This research aims to expose the results of a diagnosis of rural, conducted between 2007 - 2013,
given a series of economic and social indicators, that reflect the level of development of the Romanian
countryside.
Materials and Methods. The main source of information is the National Institute of Statistics of
Romania for the data to be processed, ie national and international literature for the fundamental
research. As research methods will be used bibliographic synthesis, statistical and mathematical
processing and evaluating quantitative and qualitative phenomena.
Results. The development / underdevelopment of Romanian rural area after joining the European
Union will be presented in the 2007-2013 timeframe, taking into account indicators such as: rural area
and its distribution by use of agricultural and non-agricultural; rural population in terms of structure,
employment, level of education, life expectancy and so on; revenue and expenditure of the rural
population; GDP / capita.
Conclusion. Romanian rural development should be reconsidered in view of the three basic pillars for
modern civilization economic, social (including education and culture) and the environment. You will
have to accept the fact that agriculture can’t be considered competitive and development can’t be
sustainable unless all factors into account technical, economic, environmental and social. Including
environmental component with the same power with the economic and social pillars, it should be the
engine of economic growth and not an obstacle to achieving a standard of living comparable to the
developed countries of Western Europe.
References
1. Chiriţescu V. (2013). Dezvoltarea economică integrată a comunităţilor rurale româneşti. Studiu de caz pe
Macroregiunea 2 (Integrated economic development in romanian rural communities. Case study on
Macroregion 2). PhD Thesis. National Institute of Economic Research "Costin C. Kiriţescu". Bucharest.
2. Gavrilescu D. and Florian V. (2007). Economia rurală din România (The rural economy of Romania).
Terra Nostra Publishing. Iaşi.
3. Otiman P.I. (2011). Alternativele economiei rurale a României: Dezvoltarea agriculturii sau Insecuritate
alimentară şi deşertificare rurală severă (Alternatives Romanian rural economy: The development of
agriculture and rural food insecurity and severe desertification). Romanian Academy Publishing House.
Bucharest.
299
MOBILITY IN THE ROMANIAN RURAL SPACE
Mihai CUCERZAN1*
1
*
Keywords: migration, social mobility, rural space, rural-urban relationships, transnational
mobilities
Introduction. In time, the social structure of Romanian rural space experienced significant
changes. Among these are the aspects that target demographic changes.
Aims. In this paper we propose to realize an analysis of Romanian rural social structure,
highlighting the realities of this main demographic process present in the last decades, their
causes and their future prospects. One of the issues on which we will focus is the analysis of
specific territorial mobility of Romanian rural space. Also, it will be analyse the current
reality and the fundaments of the present situation.
Materials and Methods. My work is mainly informed by document analysis. The analysis of
statistical data present in the censuses realised in the last century and of the major changes
regarding the social structure of Romanian rural society. Also, it was used the ethnographic
method and the method of interview with some subjects of the migration phenomenon.
Results. The political measures and the rural-urban but also rural-rural interrelations on
international and national scales are generating the rural change. Some characteristics of
social mobility in recent decades affecting the situation of the Romanian rural situation are:
“ex-ruralization” of important samples of the rural population while almost 50% of the
population lives in rural areas; widespread practice of commuting; in the last decade the
departures of the rural labour force in western E.U. countries (that reveal positive changes of
the quality of life of the migrants, but also, family problems). Also, the phenomenon of
recovery of the townspeople (especially those who have left the village formerly) and their
implication in agricultural activities.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that Romanian rural spaces are
dynamic and interconnected by mobilities or flows. Also, the increase social mobility which
involves all kinds of rural population.
300
LIMITING FACTORS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGION
OF FRUŠKA GORA
Sanja ĐUKIĆ1*, Radovan PEJANOVIĆ1 and Adriana RADOSAVAC1
1
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture. Novi Sad. Serbia.
*
Keywords: Fruška gora, rural development, Serbia
Introduction. Region of Fruška gora is a unique geographical area within Republic of Serbia
and covers an area of about 139,000 hectares. Within this region are included nine
municipalities and two cities of which, according to the OECD methodology, only two are
urban settlements, while other settlements of rural type (Njegovan and Pejanović, 2009).
Aims. The authors assume that it is necessary to determine the limiting factors of rural
development in order to create a successful rural development policy for this region.
Materials and Methods. The sources of data were taken from the Project "Master plan
održivog razvoja Fruške gore 2012-2022.", and it was used an empirical method to identify
the key elements of rural development of this region.
Results. The most important economic activity in Fruška gora is agriculture (University of
Novi Sad, 2011). In addition, the rural development of this area determined by the following
factors: depopulation and demographic aging, insufficiently developed rural infrastructure and
service sector. These limitations are primarily a consequence the unfavorable economic
position, as well as the lack of development strategy for the area (Pejanović et al., 2011).
Conclusion. Effective rural development of Fruška gora should be based on four key criteria:
use of multifunctional agriculture, diversification of activities, investment in infrastructure, as
well as adequate population policy. In designing the appropriate measures necessary to
implement bottom-up approach as the most appropriate model that takes into account the
needs and specificities of this region. In such a constellation of the proposed solutions it is
possible to strengthen the region's position of Fruška gora within the national framework.
References
1. Pejanović R., Đukić S. and Glavaš–Trbić D. (2011). Ruralni i lokalni ekonomski razvoj u
regionu Fruške gore – studija slučaja. Ekonomika poljoprivrede, specijalni broj. Knjiga I.
LVIII:172-179.
2. Univerzitet u Novom Sadu (2011). Master plan održivog razvoja Fruške gore 2012-2022.
naučno stručna studija. (koordinatori: Pejanović, R., Orlović, S., Lazić, L., Panjković, B.).
Novi Sad.
3. Njegovan Z. and Pejanović R. (2009). Ruralna regionalizacija AP Vojvodine.
Poljoprivredni fakultet. Novi Sad.
301
ECONOMIC VALUATION OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC RECREATION
AREAS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Diana E. DUMITRAS1*, Mugurel I. JITEA1 and Marioara ILEA1
1
*
Keywords: economic valuation, recreation, non-market valuation methods
Introduction. Assessing the economic value of recreation areas, such as protected areas, is
recommended to be a priority to protected areas managers (Eagles et al., 2002). One way to
increase the awareness of the role of protected areas in supporting sustainable development
remains through the economic valuation process (Emerton et al., 2006). In Europe, the
economic valuation of the environment has drawn the attention of policy makers only at the
beginning of ‘90s, when the economic values of natural resources are recognized as necessary
information in the decision processes.
Aims. This paper presents a review of the current state of art for the non-market valuation
studies conducted on public outdoor recreation areas from Europe. The purpose is to
investigate whether the researches provide useful information to decision makers and how this
type of information is used in management decisions.
Materials and Methods. Researches on valuing public outdoor recreation areas from Europe
were analyzed by emphasizing the non-market valuation method used, revealing the valuation
estimates, by evaluating their limitations and applicability.
Results. Over the years, there was a continuous improvement of the methodologies used as
concerned to the data collection and data analysis. Several studies have shown that the
economic valuation process provides welfare measures that can be further used in decisionmaking processes as regard to the recreation activity in public areas.
Conclusion. Valuation studies can provide useful information about the economic benefits
individuals obtain while recreating in public outdoor areas for further use in management
decisions. Even if the number of studies has increased at the level of Europe, it still remains a
great challenge to obtain accurate valuation estimates on which policy makers may rely on.
References
1. Eagles P.F.J., McCool S.F. and Haynes C.D. (2002). Sustainable tourism in protected
areas: Guidelines for planning and management. IUCN Gland, Switzerland and
Cambridge.
2. Emerton L., Bishop J. and Thomas L. (2006). Sustainable financing of protected areas: A
global review of challenges and options. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
302
VILLAGE IN THE REGION – UNIQUE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF
JEBUCU
Tibor FARKAS1*, Cristina-Bianca POCOL2 and Zsuzsanna KASSAI3
1
Institute for Regional Economics and Rural Development. Szent Itsván University. Hungary.
Department of Economics. University of of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary. Romania.
3
Institute for Regional Economics and Rural Development. Szent Itsván University. Hungary.
*
2
Keywords: local community, local development, regional development
Introduction. The local development possibilities of a settlement is connected to the general
situation of the region, however local endogen resources could forcefully influence the local
capacities. We examine in the study the regional and local possibilities of Jebucu, too.
Aims. The aim of the study is to compare regional and local influences and resources in case
of a small settlement in the Northwest region.
Materials and Methods. We analysed the regional aspects of the Northwest Region of
Romania with help of statistical data of the National Statistical Office of Romania. Local data
was gathered with help of the research camp in Jebucu (Zsobok) in 2014 summer. Beside
questionnaire interview there were also used interviews and documents for the analysis.
Results. Due to its location, the region has relatively favourable opportunities within
Romania. Although the population and the employment have declined recently, the average
life expectancy has increased. Dynamic agglomeration process has been going on around the
larger cities of the region, the impact of emigration from cities can be observed in the
countryside as well. Zsobok is in a very favourable situation regarding economic possibilities.
Although the importance of agriculture has been weakened in the village since the 1930s, the
current activities, which can be called social economy, can exploit the possibilities provided
by agriculture again. Our research highlighted that the social capital of the society is very
large.
Conclusion. The development series which have occurred in Zsobok and can be regarded
pivotal. It has been concluded that more factors must have coexisted to achieve this. On the
one hand, there were local heroes who took the lead in the community and started on
developments. The actors who initiated the progress have had strong external system of
relations and strong initiative skills. On the other hand, the external supporters and resources
were available. In addition, the local community also could rely on their own resources.
303
THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN
BUSINESS MARKET – A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Bogdan FLEACĂ1, Elena FLEACĂ1* and Andreea DUMITRESCU1
1
Management Department. Faculty of Entrepreneurship. Business Engineering and Management.
University Politehnica of Bucharest. Romania.
*
Keywords: entrepreneurship thinking, social responsibility awareness, sustainable business
growth
Introduction. The European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth has defined
the entrepreneurship and innovation as flagship concepts for stimulating the smart
development of the society, at large. The entrepreneurship embraces complex cognitive and
attitudinal mechanisms that enable people to turn idea into action in order to achieve a wide
range of objectives. Hence, the awareness of ethical behaviour of people and the good
organizational governance became crucial concepts that need to be properly understood and
analysed, since they are impacting business market. Undoubtedly, the business world has
become increasingly aware of the need for and benefits of social responsibility behaviour that
contribute to the sustainable development of the economic, environmental and social
dimension of the people life.
Aims. The paper aims to explore the entrepreneurship concept and to gain deeper
understanding of the social responsibility insights with respect to their implications into the
business market.
Materials and Methods. The methodological approaches comprised a qualitative analysis of
the concepts aimed to structure and understand knowledge about the key factors encapsulated
in the entrepreneurial thinking. Secondly, it has been analysed the seven core principles of
social responsibility that allowed authors to ascertain the main similarities and differences
between the two concepts. It has been proposed an integrative model that enables the
conceptualization of the relationship arisen from responsibility of the businesses to act and
behave in a way that contribute to a sustainable development of the society.
Results. The model depicts the entrepreneurial thinking as being firmly embedded in the
social responsibility concept that carefully incorporates, in a coherently whole, the
responsibilities of the organization to society and the environment, by summing up and
addressing different people goals. In the pursuit of their objectives, people appeal to
entrepreneurial thinking and the social responsibility creates the framework that guides their
actions, becoming aware of the impacts of their decisions and activities on the business
market, the society and the environment.
Conclusion. The authors emphasized the interdependence between entrepreneurship and
social responsibility within the business market. Addressing social, economic and
environmental aspects in an integrated manner are expected to be achieved with the aid of
entrepreneurial thinking (sense of initiative) of decision makers and key actors towards
creating the eco-innovation system on the long run.
304
RESEARCH REGARDING THE REPUTATIONAL RISK OF OIL AND
GAS COMPANIES OPERATING IN ROMANIA BUSINESS MARKET
Elena FLEACĂ1, Bogdan FLEACĂ1* and Andreea DUMITRESCU1
1
Management Department. Faculty of Entrepreneurship. Business Engineering and Management.
University Politehnica of Bucharest. Romania.
*
Keywords: reputation, risk management, sustainable development
Introduction. Romania’s business environment has been through a series of changes, both
politically and economically and therefore, the companies operating in this particular industry
have been obliged to rapidly adapt to these new conditions in order to sustainably develop. In
order to achieve compliance with these regulations, oil and gas companies have been required
to spend copious amounts of resources, as the nature of their activity is very prone to
environmental impact, which is, moreover, exacerbated by the relatively old age of their
infrastructure.
Aims. The paper aims to emphasize the importance of a correct assessment of reputational
risk as it enables the enhancement of the organisation by strengthening the stakeholders ‘trust
and securing business continuity in rather difficult circumstances in terms of social,
economic, legal and environmental concerns.
Materials and Methods. The methodology involves secondary research tools and a
qualitative assessment of the reputational risk of oil and gas companies operating in Romania
business market before the accession to the European Union.
Results. The main findings of the present paper consists of identifying the reputational risk
factors in the fields of health and safety, community and environment as well as the
organisation mitigation strategies aiming to reduce both the impact of their operations on the
environment and consolidate a positive public opinion. The transition from reputational risk
to reputational advantage is oftentimes costly and frequently involves process adjustment and
procedure revision in order to comply with the requirements.
Conclusion. Environmental pressure on oil and gas companies has significant effect on the
manner in which these entities operate and failing to comply with these ever stricter
environmental policies may very well result in irreparable damage to the image of the
company. As the business sector itself is not subject to a very sympathetic overall perception,
an organisation operating within this particular industry sector must undertake a higher effort
to detract public suspicion and to maintain a favourable relation with the community.
305
ROMANIAN INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Camelia GAVRILESCU1*
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy. Bucharest. Romania.
*
Keywords: trade, animal products, Romania
Introduction. The restructuring and privatisation processes that took place in the animal
products sector after 1990 broke the supply chains in meat, milk and dairy products.
Consequently, the domestic supply of animal products became unable to satisfy the increasing
demand. As a result, imports were needed; after 1997, when Romania joined CEFTA, due to
reduced import duties, imports of pork, poultry meat and dairy products increased
significantly. Romania’s accession to the EU allowed a sharp increase in the animal products
trade volume.
Aims. The paper is giving a comparative analysis of the Romanian trade in animal products
(live animals, meat, milk and dairy products) in the post-accession versus the pre-accession
period.
Materials and methods. The source of data used for the calculations is the Eurostat Comext
database, CN8 classification, at 2 and 4 digit levels. Romanian exports, imports, dispatches
and arrivals were examined in quantitative terms (values).
Results. The start of the animal husbandry sector recovery came from the pre- and postaccession investment programs and from foreign direct investments, in production and
processing units, authorized for export to the EU. Romania’s accession to the EU resulted in a
sharp increase of imports in the first years; then, the economic crisis induced a decrease in
imports. Exports increased continuously in the post-accession years, resulting in a
diminishing trade deficit. Animal products have been grouped by the trend of their trade
balance: continuously positive (live animals, sheep and goat meat); continuously negative
(pork, milk, yoghurt, butter), and shifting trade balance (from negative to positive - bovine
and poultry meat). The product groups have been separated as well by their degree of
processing: most of exports are basic agricultural products (live animals), and most imports
are products of primary processing (chilled or frozen meat) and products of secondary
processing (yoghurt, butter).
Conclusion. After the EU accession, one can see a significant positive evolution in the
Romanian exports together with a gradual reduction of the trade deficit for animal products.
Further improvements in the competitiveness of Romanian animal products will require a
shift from exports of basic agricultural products to primary and secondary processed products.
306
THE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS APPLICATION IN
INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF HIGH VALUE ADDED
HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF
MOLDOVA
Artur GOLBAN1*
1
Faculty of Economy. Moldavian State Agrarian University. Republic of Moldova.
*
Keywords: credits, FDI, subsidies, high value added horticultural production
Introduction. The development of high value added horticultural production has a high
importance in the economic growth of the Republic of Moldova. To increase the
competitiveness of high value added horticultural products is necessary to allocate financial
resources like: credits, subsidies, to attract FDI which will be used at the modernization of the
horticultural sector, by applying new technologies and scientific know-how. In this scientific
work is analyzed the role of financial instruments in order to increase the competitiveness of
high value added horticultural production, the problems faced by the agricultural producers
when they try to access financial support etc., and at the same time are proposed solutions to
enhance the access of farmers to financial support.
Aims. The basic aim of this scientific research is to analyse the problems the farmers are
facing during the process of accessing financial resources necessary to develop high value
added competitive horticultural production.
Materials and Methods. In this scientific research was used the following research methods:
analysis and synthesis, induction, deduction etc.
Results. In the scientific paper is analyzed the role of financial instruments in increasing the
competitiveness of high value added horticultural production through increasing FDI flows in
the agriculture of the Republic of Moldova, the subsidies allocation in agriculture and
enhancing the process of accessing credits from banks by local farmers.
Conclusion. In the Republic of Moldova the major problems of increasing the
competitiveness of high value added horticultural production is connected to lack of financial
support and also to the lack of transparency in finance allocation. The process of accessing
credits, subsidies and benefits from FDI to increase the competitiveness of high value added
horticultural production is very complex and depends on many factors. To remove the
breakpoints on financial instruments application in order to increase the competitiveness of
high value added horticultural products, is necessary to perfection the legislative framework,
to maintain a stable environment within the country in order to attract FDI, and also to
increase the degree of collaboration between financial institutions and local farmers.
307
RESEARCH ON PRECISION AGRICULTURE - A NEW CHALLENGE
FOR ROMANIAN AGRICULTURISTS (A CASE STUDY)
Ioan GRAD1, Codruţa GAVRILĂ1, Camelia MĂNESCU1, Teodor MATEOC1 and
Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB1*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119,
Timisoara, Romania, Phone 0040277430
*
Keywords: agriculture, system, precision, sustainable
Introduction. Romanian agriculture has been challenged by major issues that have affected
rural economy seriously. The conventional agricultural system practiced so far is no longer
profitable because it involves high production expenses determining a diminution of the
incomes of the agriculturists, an increase of the poverty rate and very serious ecological
issues. Thus, there is a trend towards replacing it with a more performing one – precision
agriculture.
Aims. This research aims at establishing the technical and economic impact of precision
agriculture in Romania taking into account that it relies on the increase of production per area
unit, on the diminution of the costs per product unit and, in general, on the increase of
productivity in agriculture.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology concerns a bibliographical study and
field experiments. The bibliographic study was done through scientific documenting, and
field experiments allowed the comparison of technologies in maize in both traditional and
strip-till systems.
Results. Precision agriculture aims at modulated management of the inputs through the
adaptation of soil works, sowing, and fertilising to the plot heterogeneity features so that we
can improve consumption through production maximising.
Conclusions. Research shows that reducing and redistributing the consumption of inputs
through strip-till leads to an increase of the production and, implicitly, of the farm profit.
Moreover, better management of the production factors allow bettering protecting the
environment, reducing to a minimum soil, water, and air pollution with chemical substances.
References
1. Alecu I.N. and Alecu E. (2013). Situaţia agriculturii şi a exploataţiilor agricole în ţările
membre ale UE. Ed. Ceres. Bucuresti.
2. Brezuleanu S. (2008). Sisteme de producţie în agricultură. Ed. Alfa. Iaşi.
3. Otiman. P.I., Mateoc-Sîrb N. et al. (2011). Alternativele economiei rurale a României. Ed.
Academiei Române. Bucureşti.
308
THE ROMANIAN MILK MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF QUOTA
REMOVAL – A POTENTIAL to be EXPLORED BY INVESTORS
Mariana GRODEA1*
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics. Romanian Academy. Bucharest. Romania
*
Keywords: investments, milk, productivity
Introduction. A main challenge for the players on the world dairy market is to efficiently
respond to the changes of the local markets characteristics, in the context of an increasingly
fierce competition for the raw milk obtained on the farms.
Aims. The new Common Agricultural Policy (2014-2020) that will have as main component
the removal of milk quotas after 2014 is both a challenge and a threat for the Romanian
farmers. The associative organization forms can be considered competitive structures that
encourage sector modernization and can improve the commercialization of dairy products.
Materials and Methods. The utilized method was the comparative analysis, in the period
2000-2012, of a set of indicators specific to the milk sector. The main aspects regarding the
milk market in Romania were revealed having as information source the national data
supplied by the National Institute of Statistics, through the official publication Romania’s
Statistical Yearbook as well as the Tempo-online database.
Results. From the analysis, it results that the performance of the Romanian milk sector is
seriously affected by the excessive fragmentation of supply, which reveals the subsistence and
semi-subsistence phenomenon that persists in the milk sector, as the main factor that
constrains competitiveness growth. In reference to the volume of investments in the dairy
processing sector, it results that this had a slow growth rate in the investigated period, the
share in total investments in the food sector ranging from 7.8% (2000) to 16.9% (2011). The
investments in agriculture in total investments accounted for 4.9% in the year 2012.
Conclusion. In order to adapt to the competition on the European Single Market, the
Romanian sector has to receive support through investments, in the conditions in which there
is a favourable global conjuncture for the consumption of dairy products, in which their prices
are expected to raise on the basis of the increasing demand of the development regions.
References
1. Romania’s Statistical Yearbooks. 2001-2012.
2. Tempo-online - National Institute of Statistics. 2001-2012.
3. Competition evolution in the key-sectors. Competition Council. 2013
309
THE STATE FACT OF THE RURAL AREA OF THE KURDISTAN
REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
Rezhen HARUN1*, Iulia C. MURESAN1, Felix H. ARION1 and Diana E. DUMITRAS1
1
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: rural area, sociodemographic, education, farmer
Introduction. The rural area of Kurdistan region has specific characteristics and faces many
challenges. The results of the research revealed that rural space of Kurdistan is affected by
poverty, and the farmers are dealing with many problems and they hardly survive.
Aims. The socio-demographic collected data were analyzed from three different points of
view to obtain general information about the gender, age, education level’s distribution,
family in a rural area of the Kurdistan region.
Materials and methods. The Kurdistan Region is located SW of Asia and NE of Iraq and is
composed of three governorates: Erbil (Hawler), Suleimani, and Duhok, located within the
northern part of the Federal Republic of Iraq (Iraqi Constitution, Article 62). The region
shares its borders with Syria in the west, Turkey in the north and Iran in the east (Mizori,
2012). The area of the region is 42,812 km2 (MoP, 2012) without the disputed area like
Kirkuk, Shangar and Khanaqin, the total area is around 73,618 km2 (Talib, 2005), and
represents 17% of the total area of Iraq.
Results. The results of the field research show that the rural population of Kurdistan has an
average age less than 26 years old. And at the same time is highly suffering from a lack of
education which is higher in the case of older people. More than a quarter (28.45%) is
uneducated (illiterate), while almost 30% (27.66%) graduated only the primary school
meaning that they have the basic knowledge of reading and writing. The number of people not
educated in zone B is one quarter higher than in zone A.
Conclusion. A study on the field revealed the necessity of improving the specific conditions
(economic, social, basic need life) in rural areas to convince migrated farmers to return to
their abandoned villages in order to conduct agriculture activities. A possible solution is to
support new technology such as machines and cultural practice facilities, offering financial
support, know-how, consultation and education.
References
1. Mizori A.S. (2012). The geopolitical weight of waters of Kurdistan river's (‫اﻟﺠﯿﻮﺑﻮﻟﯿﺘﯿﻜﻰ اﻟﻮزن‬
‫) ﻛﻮردﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﻰ اﻻﻧﮭﺎر ﻟﻤﯿﺎه‬. Apirez Press & Publisher. Kurdistan-Duhok. 394.
2. Ministry of Planning (MoP) (2012). Regional development strategy for Kurdistan region
KRG.
3. Talib J.T. (2005). Geopolitical foundations of national security in the Kurdistan region
(‫)ﻛﺮدﺳﺘﺎن اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﻰ ﻟﻼﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﯿﻮﺑﻮﻟﺘﯿﻜﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﻮﻣﺎت‬. Kurdistan center for strategic researches.
Sulaimani. 580. 6/32/5.
310
RESOURCES OF THE REGION IN THE FUNCTION OF
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF MONTENEGRO
Sreten JELIĆ1*, Mersida JANDRIĆ1, Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ1 and Zoran
MILOVANČEVIĆ1
1
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Belgrade, Serbia.
*
Keywords: agriculture, Montenegro, region, resources, rural development.
Introduction. In very short time big changes occurred in the agrarian structure (Kalezić,
1997), the structure of the population, territorial and socio-economical deployment (Šarović,
2012). According to that, there is an obvious discontinuity in the development of rural areas
(Jelic, 2008).
Aims. Pointing out the resources of the region during transformation and rapid development
of agriculture, rural development and development of rural regions. The largest part of the
development potential based on resource utilization is precisely located in the northern region
of Montenegro.
Materials and Methods. The basic method used in this paper is descriptive statistics applied
to the collection of relevant data resources of the region, document analysis, comparison and
synthesis (Monstat, 2011).
Results. The significant changes in socio-demographics appeared, an increasing part of the
elders and the decreasing of the youth, and decreasing the part of the agricultural population.
The main leading factors of the development of agriculture and rural development are the
family farms in the region, which is about 26.000 and the resources of land, livestock, and
labor.
Conclusion. The specificity of the region is reflected in the changing structure of the
agricultural population, socio-economic, demographic, territorial distribution of the
population, and migration. The significant differences in the development of agriculture and
rural development in the region are also present. Resources are not fully utilized in order to
reduce the differences in the development of the region and to accelerate the development of
less developed areas. Also, the regional development of the areas is needed for measures and
program of balanced development of local self-government.
References
1. Kalezić Ž. (1997). Changes in the Montenegrin agriculture. Vlasinski susreti. Balkan
village in the changes and the regional rural development: 47-49.
2. Jelić S. (2008). Changes in agriculture and rural development in the process of transition.
Thematics proceedings. First book: 69-76.
3. Šarović R. (2012). Farmers migration in Montenegro. Sociology and Space. 50 (2012)194
(3): 379-393.
311
THE ROMANIAN LAND MARKET IN THE PRE AND POST
ACCESION PERIOD. IS IT PERMISIVE OR PROHIBITIVE FOR THE
NEW INVESTMENTS?
Ionel-Mugurel JITEA1* and Diana-Elena DUMITRAS1
1
*
Keywords: land market, economic value, legislative framework, Common Agricultural
Policy.
Introduction. The access to resources is one of the first well-recognised governmental
agricultural policies (McCalla and Josling, 1985). Thus, the access to land and water can
induce the agribusiness development. After the last three extensions (2005, 2007 and 2013)
the utilised agricultural European Union (EU) resources increased with more than 42%
(Eurostat, 2014). The land market was very poorly developed and less regulated in some New
Member States (Romania, Bulgaria etc) and more developed in the other (Hungary, Poland,
etc) (Ciaian et al., 2010). From this point of view the Romanian land market has known
several regulation shifts in the last 20 years. They followed the EU statutory regulation
framework and the Common Agricultural Policy demands.
Aims. The paper aims to assess the development of land market in Romania in comparison
with the other New Member states. The land area transactions can portrait the accessibility to
land resources to a potential investor. The rent volume and prices were also investigated as an
alternative to farm development.
Materials and Methods. In order to investigate the land market regulatory framework a
documentary analysis was performed in comparison between Romania and other New
Member States. The Romanian land market was analysed from different official statistic data
like Eurostat, The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), the national statistics etc. The
missing data of the last years from the official statistics were obtained after caring out a five
year press realise and independent land market studies survey.
Results. The Romanian land market was one of the most dynamic from the Eastern and
Central Europe. Immediately after 1989, the land prices (40 times smaller than the NMS
averages) and the volume of transaction were very small. Agriculture was perceived as being
a very risky activity. But after finishing the land restitution process, agricultural land became
available and the market developed a lot. Even the regulations prohibited land acquisition for
foreigners, this type of capital entered in Romania through legal companies. After the EU
accession the land prices greatly increases (4500 eur/ha). It became an economic burden for
the local investors that do not have access to special land credit grants. Moreover after the
CAP implementation in Romania there was an increasing pressure on the small local
producers to quit farming through the land price.
References
1. McCalla A.F. and Josling T.E. (1985). Agricultural policies and world markets. Macmillan
Publishing Company, New York, USA.
2. Ciaian P., D’Artis K. and Swinnen J.F.M. (2010). EU land markets and the Common
Agricultural Policy. Centre for European Policy Studies. Brussels.
312
PERSPECTIVES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF
RURAL AREAS IN VOJVODINA THROUGH THE SECTOR OF NONWOOD FOREST PRODUCTS
Milica MARČETA¹*, Ljiljana KEČA¹ and Sreten JELIĆ²
¹Faculty of Forestry. University of Belgrade. Serbia.
² Faculty of Agriculture. University of Belgrade, Serbia.
*
Keywords: Vojvodina, rural areas, non-wood forest products, enterprises, trend
Introduction. Community living in the forest areas in and around them, often relies on nonwood forest products (NWFPs) for the purpose of personal existence. Although NWFPs are
not fully involved in the economic development programs in most states, however, they
provide significant cost benefits for rural entrepreneurs across the country. This is confirmed
by the growing domestic and international demand for NWFPs is growing and forestry sector
gets a new awareness of their importance.
Aims. Examine the possibilities of developing the sector of non-timber forest products in
Vojvodina, through the analysis of small and medium enterprises engaged in purchasing,
processing and marketing of NWFPs.
Materials and Methods. The method applied in this research was the modeling method,
trend analysis, regression and correlation analysis. For testing the correlation coefficient and
the parameter used is the F test and t-test, with significance level α = 0.05. From research
techniques applied to the survey in questionnaire with the interview. Results: On the area of
Vojvodina in NWFPs sector dominate small family businesses, primarily focused on honey
production and processing and marketing of medicinal plants. Based on the trend analysis it is
shown a positive trends in the purchase and sale of processed products, which indicates the
existence of potential and real possibilities for starting small and medium enterprises in this
part of Serbia.
Conclusion. In recent years, domestic and international demand for NWFPs is growing and
forestry sector gets a new awareness of their importance. In addition to providing a variety of
economic, social, cultural and environmental benefits for society in general, NWFPs also play
an important role in the life of local communities that rely on wood as their main source of
income. Also, raw material availability and diversity that characterizes the region of
Vojvodina, encourages especially the rural population to focus on the collection of NWFPs in
nature offer them on the market. This opens up the possibility of launching rural
entrepreneurship based on NWFPs and indirectly to poverty reduction in rural areas.
313
STUDY ON THE ROLE OF PROTECTION CURTAINS IN THE
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITIES
Camelia MĂNESCU1*, Ioan GRAD1, Teodor MATEOC1 and Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara. Romania.
*
Keywords: development, sustainable, protection curtains, rural communities
Introduction. A series of extreme natural phenomena have affected not only agriculture, but
the population of the country as well. The continuous deterioration of the environmental
conditions has produced irreversible effects on people’s lives and activities. Protection
curtains are a solution for such phenomena.
Aims. In this paper, the authors focus on the main phenomena challenging the environment
and advance a few solutions that could diminish the negative effects of such phenomena on
the environment and people.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology consists in a bibliographical study based
on scientific documenting following the steps below: information, data collection, source
study, and source grouping.
Results. Research shows that Romania’s population, in general, and Romania’s rural
population, in particular, as well as the national economy, has been challenged these two
decades by extreme meteorological phenomena of particular amplitude: heat and severe
drought, abundant rainfall, land glides and catastrophic floods, and abundant stormy snow
falls.
Conclusions. Analyses show that forest protection curtains play a very important role in the
sustainable development of rural communities, contributing to the improvement of microclimate conditions, to the diminution of the wind speed, to the improvement of the growth and
development conditions of the crops, to the diminution of land erosion, etc. This is why the
authors suggest the planting of protection curtains in high extreme natural phenomena risk
areas.
References
1. Otiman P.I., Mateoc-Sîrb N. et al. (2011). Alternativele economiei rurale a României. Ed.
Academiei Române. Bucureşti.
2. Stanciu M., Chiriac D. and Huma C. (2010). Impactul schimbărilor climatice recente
asupra calității vieții. Calitatea vieţii. XXI(3-4):238-250.
3. Strategia naţională şi programul de acţiune privind combaterea deşertificării, degradării
terenurilor şi secetei
314
SOCIO -ECONOMIC ASPECTS IN SUBSISTENCE HOUSEHOLD
FARMS FROM CLUJ COUNTY
Valentin MIHAI1*, Mugurel JITEA1, Inge PAULINI2 and Mihaela MIHAI1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca. Romania.
2
University of Bonn Geobotanik. INRES. Bonn. Germany.
*
Keywords: rural development, household farms, socio-economic
Introduction. The households and the commercial farms represent the main users of the land
from the Nord Vest Development Region of Romania. Their production techniques greatly
influence the biodiversity and the rural landscape. In the same time, it is important to identify
if they are sustainable from the economical point of view.
Aims. The socio-economic research, aims to: fulfil the objective of assessing the economic
situation of the households farms from two commune of Cluj County; to identify if they are
sustainable from the economical point of view and if not, the socio-economical research tries
to point out the conditions in which they can become economically viable.
Materials and methods. The research area is represented by the territory of two communes
Dăbâca and Borşa from the Cluj county. It consists of 8 villages of which Borşa, Borşa-Cătun,
Borşa-Crestaia, Ciumăfaia, Giula form Borşa commune and Dăbâca, Luna de Jos and Pâglişa
form Dăbâca commune. The region is situated in the Romanian North-Western Developing
Region (NUTS 2). In order to assess the economic situation of the commune’s
households/commercial farms, it is necessary to collect individual micro-economic data. But
collecting data directly from all 3450 people is unfeasible both from the time and the cost
point of view. That is why the sampling was chosen as research methodology in the study.
The questionnaire represented the instrument used for data collecting in this socio-economic
research.
Results. In the overall sample, there were 43 farms from Borșa and 40 from Dăbâca
communes. Socially, the population of both communes exhibits a high demographic aging
degree, low education, depicted from a series of conclusive results: more than half of the
family members under survey in the two communes are aged 50 and over; additionally, more
than a third are 60 years of age; 43.2% of Borșa and Dăbâca inhabitants have graduated solely
from primary school or have pursued no form of education. As a consequence of the
demographic aging degree the main income source in the household is represented by
pensions received by almost 43% from the total family members.
Conclusion. The problems that confront rural economy for the two communes and their
impact on future evolution are enhanced by the low share of employees (30%), a share of
family members employed in their own households (7,7%) and the high share of no-income
individuals (6,4%). As a consequence of the demographic aging degree the main income
source in the household is represented by pensions received by almost 43% from the total
family members.
Acknowledgements. This project was possible through the support of DBU (Deutsche
Bundesstiftung Umwelt) and EFNCP (funding through European Commission Life+ NGO
Support grant scheme).
315
QUALITY ESTIMATION OF THE TOURISM SERVICES.
STUDY CASE: PRAID SALT MINE
Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Felix H. ARION1, Roxana E. OLTEAN1
1
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: survey, tourism services quality, wellness tourism
Introduction. Tourism represents an industry with a rapid development around the world.
According to the UNWTO World Tourism Barometer in 2013 the international tourist arrivals
worldwide by 5% reaching 1,087 million tourists, Europe remaining the most visited region in
the world. In Romania the total number of tourists increased by the 3.5% in 2014 and the
domestic tourism represented 78%.
Aims. In the current situation of the tourism evolution was considerate opportune an
investigation regarding the tourists’ perception about the quality of the services from Praid
Salt Mine.
Materials and Methods. The tourists’ perception regarding the quality of the services offered
by Praid Salt Mine was investigated using the survey based on the questionnaire. The data
were analysed using the descriptive statistics. As secondary data for this research were used
the data about the tourist activity from SPA resorts but also the internal data of the Praid Salt
Mine about the number and type of tourists.
Results. It was noted the fact that most tourists are loyal to this touristic destination,
especially for subterranean treatment activities, they wish the enrichment of tourism services
offer from the mine, in order to have as much as possible activity, and increase the quality of
some of the existing ones.
Conclusion. It was noticed that tourism services are very important for tourists when they are
choosing a touristic destination, for this reason investments should be made to meet the needs
of all categories of tourists, starting at those who come for treatment because they spend the
most time in the resort, up to day visitors which should not be neglected because they bring
profit to the mine.
316
A CONSIDERATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN
BELIS-FANTANELE AREA
Vasile Lucian NAS1* and Sebastian-Calin VAC1
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: tourism, rural development, Belis-Fantanele, development strategies
Introduction. Belis-Fantanele is a mountainous area included in the Apuseni Natural Park,
has a high tourism potential because it includes as a central point Fântânele lake. The area
enjoys growing interest from local and regional authorities because of its potential, and the
fact that the area was depopulated by the movement of the young people from this area,
caused by lack of expectations, the area's population decreasing from 2002 to 2011 by 12%.
Aims. The paper aims to analyze sustainable development strategies that were made for this
area through projects developed by/for local and regional authorities. The analysis will track
inventory the problems identified by the authorities, and the strategies and solutions proposed.
Also we will evaluate the results obtained by the developed projects.
Materials and methods. Were analyzed as follows: "Cluj County Development Strategy for
2014-2020"-recipient Cluj County Council, "Socio-economic Development Strategy 20092015 the village Belis" - Belis primary beneficiary, and still other 6 strategies proposed. In
analyzing the proposed strategies we focused on their purpose, the proposed solutions and
results. Given that there were many development strategies, their synthesis was performed
after 4 meetings with representatives of Cluj County Council, the authority which has
responsibility for developing the area, in partnership with local authorities.
Results. After analyzing these development strategies we concluded that the solutions
identified include the development of tourism and agro-tourism, leisure tourism, infrastructure
development, human resource development, economic sector development. In all the
proposed plans to identify and correct problems identified clearly enough, but the solutions
they are exposed rather vague, general way, without applying concrete and practical solutions.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we propose concrete solutions for sustainable
development of the studied area by concentrating on solving the major problems of the area's,
exploitating untapped development opportunities, and perhaps the most importantly,
financing opportunities and solutions for a sustainable strategy.
References
1. Cluj County Development Strategy for 2014-2020. Beneficiary: Cluj County Council.
2. Socio-economic Development Strategy 2009 – 2015 of the Belis community. Cluj County.
3. Toader V. and Sofica A. (2012). Best practices in Cluj County rural tourism. Ed. Risoprint.
317
STUDY ON FRUIT MARKET IN ROMANIA
Ioana NICULAE1*, Georgiana Melania COSTAICHE1 and Reta CONDEI1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest. Romania.
*
Keywords: correlation method, fruit, Romania, GDP
Introduction. The trade is the form which has carried throughout history, the most powerful
and lasting ties between the countries of the world. Trade is the exchange of goods and
knowledge. It is well know that economic growth strongly stimulates imports of fruit,
whereas inflation reduces them (Goldstein and Khan, 1985).
Aims. The purpose of this paper is evidence that fruit trade is important in Romania, which is
its share in Europe and the world, and to highlight the contribution of trade is fruit Romanian
GDP.
Materials and Methods. As methods we used statistical methods to analyze the activity of
trade (import coverage of export, import, export share in GDP, correlation method).
Correlation method is important to adjust the data on foreign trade, establish future trends or
extrapolating these activities in the future. Has been analyzed the existence of correlations
between fruit production and imports value, export value or between fruit production and
GDP in agriculture.
Results. For the purpose of this study, we group fruits two categories: pome and stone fruits.
Between 2002-2011 global fruit imports has averaged 10763945 thousand USD and
10068217 exporting thousand USD. Coverage of global import export was 93.5%. Imports of
fruit in the EU averaged was 5746 480 thousand, and the export of 5231451 thousand USD.
Coverage of export from import at EU level was 91%. EU Imports of fruit from the fruit of
world imports was 53.3% and exports 51.9%. The European Union is the world’s largest
market and supplier of fruit. In Romania fruit imports accounted for an average of
32,806,700$ and export 99,913,100$. Export of fruit in Romania was the Romanian total
trade fruit 23.2%. Coverage of fruit import export fruit in Romania was 30.2%. The share of
imports in GDP fruit in Romania in the analyzed period was 0.28% and the export was
0.0008%. Share of imports of fruit from agriculture GDP was 0.36% and export is 0.011%.
Conclusion. Romania's trade fruit is low. Romania is based on imports of fruit, although it
has all the makings to become exporter. But Romania is a net importer of fruit, given that
exports has a share of 0.0008% of GDP in Romania.
References
1. Anghelache C. (1999). Comertul exterior, finnașare și analiza finnaciar bancara. Ed.
Economica.
2. Rusu C. (2002). Comerț intern și international. Ed. Dacia. Cluj Napoca.
3. Ene D., Drăghici M. and Alecu I. (2003). Statistică aplicat în agricultură. Ed. Ceres.
București.
318
WHAT CAN GEORGESCU-ROEGEN TELL US TODAY? ON
REPRODUCTION PRODUCTION, AND SUSTAINABILITY IN
PEASANT ECONOMY MODELLING
Ernst-August NUPPENAU1*
1
Department of Agricultural Economics. University of Giessen. Germany.
*
Keywords: production, reproduction, system analysis, farm modelling
Introduction. There is a challenging debate on sustainability in food production. In this
debate it might be worth to look back into history to a discussion of peasant behavior as
initiated by Georgescu-Roegen in ecological economics. The debate should remind us on
different modes of farming, alternatives for farming system outlay, and institutions as regards
to sustainability. A critical aspect is the modelling of interactions between nature, reproduction, production, and consumption of biologically bound systems.
Aims:. In this paper a novel approach is presented in which we use shadow price analysis to
inform farmers on needs to recognize natural processes, sustain their reproduction, and to
bring production and consumption into balance with and nature. This counts for all types of
farming and we show how to apply programming techniques to derive behavioral equations.
The aim is to show how behavioral equations of peasants are adjusting.
Materials and methods. A critical aspect is the modelling of interactions between nature,
reproduction, production, and consumption of biologically bound systems. The suggestion is:
by finding integrated valuation methods, corresponding needs of nature and reproduction as
well as production and consumptions become closer linked. Then small-scale, peasant farming will be put into a position to more appropriately prove certain advantages against largescale, mechanized farms.
Results. As a result we receive an optimal population density for reproduction which fits
inside the slogan “living within limits”, i.e. of carrying capacities being challenges for
diversity of farming. To characterize our approach we call it a peasant economy. We see a
peasant economy as a contrasting concept to industrial farming because peasants survived
over centuries, while modern farming has an emphasis on profit making or, in case of farmhousehold interaction, on utility and neglects nature. Nevertheless utility and income are still
an integral part of our peasant economy model.
Conclusion. The modelling of peasants can be done in quasi market modes by offering a
shadow price equivalent. Hereby the ad-hoc assumption in agricultural economics of profit
maximizing farms can be put into a broader perspective of reproduction and production,
aiming at contributing to more sustainable farming and food systems.
References
1. Chayanov A.V. (1966). The theory of peasant economy. Illinois.
2. Bonaiuti M. (2011). From bioeconomics to degrowth. Georgescu-Roegens “New
Economics” in eight essays. Milton Park.
319
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ROMANIA: A REGIONAL
EVALUATION
Cristina Bianca POCOL1* and Călin MOLDOVAN-TESELIOS2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca. Romania.
2
Metro Media Transilvania. Cluj Napoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: entrepreneurship, necessity, opportunity, satisfaction, women
Introduction. Female entrepreneurship is considered by researchers as one of the most
creative and innovative areas (On, 2011). Studying the motivations behind a business start-up
primarily reveal pecuniary aspects. In Venezuela, the desire to be your own boss and to
increase incomes are the main factors behind female entrepreneurship (Zimmerman and Chu,
2013). In Northern Ireland, entrepreneurship among women is motivated by the desire to
equilibrate earnings and work responsibilities with family commitments (McGowan et al,
2012).
Aims. The study aims to evaluate the general satisfaction regarding the idea of becoming an
entrepreneur among women in Romania.
Materials and Methods. The research was made in Developing Regions, NE, NW and W, on
a sample of 602 women entrepreneurs. The research method was the sociological survey and
all data were collected in October, 2013.
Results. Almost 3 quarters of the respondents declare to be satisfied by the fact that they have
started a business. The degree of satisfaction with this decision is associated with age,
education and household income. The main motivations identified are: accumulation of
capital, independence, lack of employment and the emergence of an opportunity. Almost half
of the women entrepreneurs have started a business alone, partnering exclusively with women
being more pronounced in the W Region. Work program is on average nine hours and a
half/day, a third of the women questioned using very often the weekend to work. 20% of the
respondents intend to close the business in the following 2 years.
Conclusion. Most commonly, business women feel respect due to their status, this fact
diminishing among those with average incomes, family incomes fewer than 3000 lei and
without employees. Also, business women non-involved in family relationships feel to a
lesser extent guilt for spending less time with their dear ones.
Acknowledgements. This work was a part of the Grant entitled “An integrated intervention in
order to strengthen social entrepreneurship among vulnerable women”, Contract
POSDRU/84/ 6.1/S/53513.
References
1. On A. (2011). Women entrepreneurship in Romania. Romanian Journal of Economics.
33.2 (42):138-145.
2. Zimmerman M.A. and Chu H.M. (2013). Motivation, success, and problems of
entrepreneurs in Venezuela. Journal of Management. 14.2: 77.
3. McGowan P., Redeker C.L., Cooper S.Y. and Greenan K. (2012). Female entrepreneurship
and the management of business and domestic roles: Motivations, expectations and
realities. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development.
320
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE VALUES CHAINS - OPPORTUNITIES
AND CHALLENGES FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT and trade
Mirela-Adriana RUSALI1*
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics. The Romanian Academy.
*
Keywords: organic agriculture, rural development, value chains
Introduction. The concerns about health and environment protection leaded along the last
decades as well developed as developing world choice for organic products, and consumers
demand for organic foods expects to continue growing rapidly in the major markets of EU as
well as in US and the competition for these markets is likely to increase considerably. Former
experiences proved organic agriculture is suited to small-scale farming and can increase the
yields and incomes of subsistence farmers in less developed zones, contributing to poverty
reduction and sustainable rural development.
Aims. The research aimed at investigated main legal instruments and market constraints to the
development of the organic agriculture values chains.
Materials and Methods. Analysis and synthesis of information provided by official reports,
published documents and scientific studies in the field and statistics availability, drawing to
formulation of recommendations of which Romanian stakeholders could benefit.
Results. Present paper have been identified several challenges to development of organic
sector: data lacking is a major constraint; ensure a steady growth of supply and demand,
while maintaining consumers' trust; support the growth of the sector, together with the
forthcoming changes to the legislative framework in particular by exploring new medium and
long term avenues for solutions to the challenges of supply and demand; there is also a need
to raise awareness among policymakers and in the private sector about the economic,
environmental and social development opportunities offered by organic agriculture. From this
perspective, a certain opportunity is the EU legal proposal for a new organic food and farming
legislation and new organic action plan.
Conclusion. More resources are needed for research and capacity building to develop,
demonstrate and disseminate solutions that respond to concerns about the cost of conversion
to organic production, certification costs, and tariff and non-tariff barriers to profitable
international markets. It is nevertheless essential to facilitating development of organic value
chains; subsidize small enterprises, support the development of organic business and
guarantee the credibility of the support scheme and the added value in a long term
perspective; strength trade partnerships to help open new markets for organic products.
321
EVOLUTIONS iN E-COMMERCE
Marius-Mircea SABAU1*
1
Department of Economical Sciences University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinarz Medicine.
Cluj-Napoca. Romania.
*
Keywords: e-commerce, business
Introduction. In the business world the paradigm changes are, sometime, extremely rapid.
Could a traditional communication company even imagine at the end of the XX century that
in few years new technologies will endanger the business existence? The digital revolution
has changed our life in almost all aspects and they are no sign of fatigues. The Internet,
mobile phones and portable devices have changed dramatically the way we think and
communicate, thus the stimulus of our perception. In this new environment the companies
should react rapidly in redefining the Marketing techniques.
Aims. The aim of this work is to assess the evolution of new selling technology of ecommerce both in Romanian and International environment. The definitory characteristics of
the market and the custommer’s acceptancy of the new techniques were evaluated using
public data. The final aim is to evaluate the future of this procedure for the next possible
investments.
Materials and Methods. Different, statistical data sources were used, especially Internet
sources. Statistical data were presented
Results. In USA which is the leading technology market the volume of selling increased 10
times in the last 15 years. The manly transacted merchandises are electronics, footwear and
clothing and movies. This structure is going to diversify grocery product having an increasing
rate more important than the medium increasing rate. The continents like Africa, Middle East
and Latin America with traditionally low-income consummers, registered also a strong
development rate. The technology is rapid, efficient and costless, following the evolution of
Internet accesibility.
Conclusion. The E-commerce way of selling is an emerging process, having a strong
increasing tendency in the last years. The products’ portofolio is difersifying, and the total
amount spending for electronic purchases is increasing. We can thus assess that the sector will
develop itself in an steady manner.
References
1. http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
2. http://www.statista.com/statistics/272391/us-retail-e-commerce-sales-forecast/
322
TOURIST ROUTES “WINE ROAD” IN THE NORTH AND CENTER OF
MOLDOVA
Liviu VACARCIUC*, Olga MOGALDEA
Department of Horticulture. University of State Agrarian of Moldova, str.Mircesti,48,
Chisinau, MD2049,
*
Key words: biological grapes, the new factory climatic, the natural wines, the rural touristic
Introduction. Vines on Moldovan places known history of millennia, confirmed that near
Naslaucea the village were discovered footprints of vine leaves - Vitis. About quality of
Carpathian wines, bought by the Venetians and Genoa, is mentioned in ancient writings of
Xenophon's and by the Government decision there was adopted the National Travel Program
“The Wine Road” and development of technology instruction, with 23 brands currently
produced: VDO (11 -dry white, 8 dry red, 2 dessert) and 2 –VDOC.
Aims. In time of viticulture Moldova and the land features formed private vineyards specific
characteristics of local varieties: horns, Zghiharda, Plavae, Rara-Black, Gordana, Cramposia,
Busuioaca, Braghina, flies, Feteasca, Moldova, Victoria. In the 4 typical areas: North, South,
Centre and the Dnestr, if you travel far and wide. The number of wines of original names
increasing, the exceptional quality of the varieties in the specific area according to Regulation
(Hot.Guv.nr.760/1995 and 551/2005) the delineation of the plantations, compliance
agrotechnic and cultivation procedures.
Materials and Methods. arguments for Wine Road and the development of rural tourism in
contact with vine and wine appeared in perspective of development program which provides
complex measures: - renovation plantations for biological value and SM206 and SM207
national standards; - assessment of vine in the revitalization of clones tested in the register 69
of vine varieties, the 27 varieties of table grapes, - the modern wine industry in the area is a
key route as attractive, especially as we are preparing various types of wine; - curative effect
on consumption of exotic products - raisins, various beverages - high therapeutic products,
enriched with biologically active compounds.
Results. Traveling on the Chisinau-Balti tourist route, there could be seen the natural
protected areas, churches, museums and monuments from that region, could be visited the
factories from Î.M. ”Vismos” S.A., “Aroma”S.A., ”Barza Alba” S.A. The Chisinau-Orhei
route gives a possibility to the true amateurs of wine to taste the sample DOC Aligote de
Stauceni, Sauvignon, Pinot Blanc(Cricova and Branesti), Buchetul Moldovei(Dubasari), etc.
The wine country- Moldova is very beautiful, so we are waiting for you to say you Welcome
to Moldova!
Conclusion. North Ponticus authentic tradition, ethnographic specifics Moldovan, rich wine
heritage tourism, wine production variety encourages us to develop rural tourism with broad
integration into the international network and the circuit Carpathian tourist Routes "Orheiul
Vechi", "Chisinau - Balti" in northern republic and "Codri of Moldova". To implement this
complex program is necessary to conduct various strategic actions, corporate management to
establish a modern tourism marketing, renovation of access roads to areas, facilitating a
system facilitated foreign investment in every industry.
323
INFLUENCE OF OPTIMIZATION CRITERIA ON LEVEL OF USE
MECHANIZATION AND LABOUR FORCE IN CATTLE PRODUCTION
Grujica VICO1*, Zoran RAJIĆ2, Sreten JELIĆ2 and Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ2
1
Faculty of Agriculture. University of East Sarajevo. Bosnia and Herzegovina.
2
Faculty of Agriculture. University of Belgrade. Republic of Serbia.
*
Keywords: criteria, labour force, linear programming, mechanization, model
Introduction. Many factors affect the economic performance in cattle production. Good
managing with all available resources is essential for reaching best economic result. Manager
must keep in mind a large numerous resources, and in other hand, there are several criteria
that should maximize or minimize in agricultural (cattle) production. Several authors had to
focus research optimizing agricultural production with the use of mathematical programming
(Stygar and Makulska, 2010, Costa and Rehman, 2005, Crosson et al., 2006).
Aims. The main aim of this paper was to investigate influence of optimisation criteria on level
of use mechanization and labour force in cattle production.
Materials and Methods. Linear programming used to determine the impact of optimality
criteria in the studied parameters. We used five criteria - maximization of gross margin (M1),
maximization of own fodder production (M2), maximization of legume production (M3),
maximization of use labour force (M4), minimization of use labour force (M5). For additional
analysis we used standard statistical methods.
Results. Variation in the level of use of machinery and labor was determined based on the
analysis of the various solution. We determined that the use of mechaization had bigger
variation (Average Coefficient of variation was 126%) than labour force (Average Coefficient
of variation was 15.74%). This fact has negative consequences for economic performance in
cattle production, primarily through the high fixed costs. The highest level of use of
machinery and labor was in M4 and M5 in the least.
Conclusion. The influence of optimisation criteria on level of use mechanization and labour
force was determined. Managers have better inputs for good decision making when they use
more optimization criteria.
References
1. Crosson P., O’Kiely P., O’Mara F.P. and Wallace M. (2006). The development of a
mathematical model to investigate Irish beef production systems. Agr. Syst. 89: 349–370.
2. Stygar, A. and Makulska, J. (2010). Application of mathematical modelling in beef herd
management – a review. Ann. Anim. Sci. 10(4):333–348.
324
ORGANIzATIONAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC
INDICATORS OF BEFF CATTLE PRODUCTION
ON FAMILY FARMS
Dragić ŽIVKOVIĆ1, Zoran RAJIĆ1, Sreten JELIĆ1,
Zoran MILOVANČEVIĆ1 and Bojan DIMITRIJEVIĆ1*
1
Department of Agricultural Economics. University of Belgrade, Serbia.
*
Keywords: cattle production technology, economic principles, family farm
Introduction. The paper discusses the organizational, technological and economic aspects of
the most important indicators of beef cattle production on family farms. Emphasis is placed
on explaining the connections and relationships between organizational, economic, technical
and technological business segments of family farm.
Aims. The ultimate goal of this paper is to assess the strengths of the business, as well as the
ways to eliminate or reduce the impact of those factors whose influence adversely affects the
business.
Materials and Methods. The data for this paper were collected from family farm business
reports, in direct communication with employees, from relevant literature and from the
internet. Several methods were used including: a method of content analysis, calculative and
balancing methods, method of comparative analysis, as well as spreadsheets and principles of
business economics.
Results. Key success indicators of beef cattle production on the family farm suggests that,
considering both observed years, the business achieved satisfactory results. Although there
was a decline in productivity, total efficiency measured by the ratio of total income and total
expenditure is on an uptrend. Investment turnover ratio shows that 100 dinars invested in the
production achieves 63 dinars of final product value in 2011, or 55 dinars in 2012. In both
years, the current assets cover the current liabilities. The family farm was not solvent in any
of the observed years, except that in 2012 the solvency increased by 42% compared to the
previous year 2011. Total debt increased by 45%, while total operating assets increased by
106%.
Conclusion. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the observed family farm
provides a good example of how organized and proper process technologies can improve the
business results.
References
1. Munćan P. and Živković D. (2004). Menadžment rada i proizvodnje u poljoprivredi.
Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd.
2. Rodić J. and Vukelić G. (2003). Teorija i analiza bilansa. Poljoprivredni fakultet,
Beograd.
3. Romčević Lj., Trifunović G. and Lazarević Lj. (2007). Govedarstvo Srbije. Monografija.
Poljoprivredni fakultet Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd.
325
Section 6-7: Animal Science and Biotechnologies
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE
FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Stefano GREGO*
University of Tuscia, Italy
Keywords: traditional agriculture, ecological guidance, germplasm conservation
Introduction. Over the past 50 years, humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and
extensively than in any comparable period of time in human history, largely to meet rapidly
growing demands for food, fresh water, timber, fiber and fuel. The changes that have been
made to ecosystems have contributed to substantial net gains in human well-being and
economic development, but these gains have been achieved at growing costs in the form of
the degradation of many ecosystem services, increased risks of nonlinear changes, and the
exacerbation of poverty for some groups of people. The degradation of ecosystem services
could grow significantly worse during the first half of this century and the challenge of
reversing the degradation of ecosystems while meeting increasing demands for their services
could be achieved but these involve significant changes in policies, institutions and practices,
that are not currently under way.
Due to the lack of ecological guidance, modern agriculture promotes monoculture, new
varieties and agrochemicals use, all of which are considered critical to increasing yields, labor
efficiency and farm incomes. Strong pressures promote the conversion of subsistence
agriculture to a cash agricultural economy determining the loss of biodiversity, a reduction of
soil fertility and the abandon of traditional and technical indigenous knowledge. The majority
of farmers in the developing world tend small plots in marginal environments, using
indigenous agricultural methods. These diversified agro-ecosystems have emerged over
centuries of biological evolution and represent the experience of farmers interacting with their
environment without access to external inputs, capital or scientific knowledge. While climate
negotiators have focused on intensifying production through modern agriculture, new
research shows that traditional knowledge and crop varieties may prove even more important
for adaptation. In fact, modern agriculture has made many rural communities more vulnerable
to climate change, by increasing their reliance on external resources. Traditional crops are
hardier and more resilient to impacts such as drought and new pests, because their genetic
make-up is more varied and better suited to local conditions. But traditional crops and
knowledge are disappearing fast. Government policies, research and subsidies largely
promote modern commercial agriculture, often at the expense of traditional farming.
Incentives are urgently needed to encourage germplasm conservation by governments, public
breeding institutes and farmers. Policy and institutional reforms are needed to
support both modern and traditional agriculture. The capacity of the world’s poorest and most
affected communities to adapt depends on the inter-linked traditional knowledge, culture and
ecosystems – or bio-cultural systems – from which new innovations can develop and spread.
326
WILD AND MANAGED HONEY BEES IN AFRICA,
IMPACT ON COLONY HEALTH
Robin M. CREWE*
Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology
University of Pretoria, South Africa
*
http://www.up.ac.za/zoology/old_zoology/SIRG/
Keywords: honeybees, Africa, diseases and parasites
Introduction. Africa is home to the largest wild population of honeybees and these bee
colonies are used in a variety of ways to support human livelihoods. The degree to which
honey bee diseases and parasites affect these populations is largely unknown.
Recently there have been a number of surveys conducted in eastern and southern Africa of
diseases and parasites in colonies of honeybees that are managed in order to produce
apicultural products and services. The question that has been raised is whether the supposed
decline in managed honeybee populations is also reflected in managed African populations.
The results of the surveys will be discussed in the context of what is known from other parts
of the world. In addition, the uniquely African traits of absconding by colonies, dealing with
parasitic worker honeybees and resistance to Varroa will be discussed.
327
PERSPECTIVES FOR HIGH NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY
IN RUMINANT FEEDING
Martin GIERUS*
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Products, and Nutrition Physiology
Department of Agrobiotechnology – IFA-Tulln
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Keywords: ruminant, high nutrient use efficiency
Introduction. The breeding of animals has considerably contributed to improve animal
performance in the last decades, and the requirement for high quality feed and nutrient
characterization in forages increased accordingly. Nowadays-high efficiency of nutrient and
energy utilization is required to be in line with international commitments on greenhouse gas
emissions. The main focus in many regions in Europe is the N surplus, which originates from
inefficient resource utilization, contributing largely to environmental pollution. In addition,
large amounts protein rich concentrates are imported in EU countries, with land use changes
in the producing regions worldwide like South America and South Asia. Therefore, increasing
the production of homegrown proteins in Europe and quantifying their protein use efficiency
is needed. In addition, alternative protein sources originating from homegrown proteins in
Europe should focus on factors determining the nutritive value of feedstuffs (concentrates,
byproducts and forages) for ruminants and its causes of variation.
For grains and pulses, processing should obtain bypass protein increment by at least 15%points, increase in whole-tract starch digestibility by 10%-points and increase of metabolized
energy content of 5%. Such improvement allows less concentrate to be fed to high yielding
dairy cows to maintain similar milk yields.
Another possibility is the use of byproducts. Nowadays-industrial production system like the
feed and food processing sector results in large quantities of residuals requiring acceptable
environmental management. Most residues may have substantial protein content (e.g. corn or
wheat gluten feed, DDGS, brewer’s grain), pectin content (pulps or peels from fruit
processing) or fiber content as well (hulls, husks, skins). In addition byproducts are becoming
valuable sources of active compounds, like polyphenols, which action strength are not yet
well known and changes due to further processing of those byproducts not well understood.
Therefore, it is of major importance to identify byproducts with active compounds and its
contribution to protein utilization by the animal.
Finally, forages are the main ingredients of high yielding dairy cow, sheep and beef cattle
diets. Forage quality and sward management have become more important than ever.
Managing for high quality forage with proper harvesting and fertilization is one way of
mitigating rising costs of doing business on intensively managed dairy cow and sheep farms
in Europe diverse farming areas. The need to find and adapt good agricultural practices is
emerging. In fact, crop rotations including arable grassland are alternatives to maize
monoculture and should be supported further. As the main task is to increase the N use
efficiency, a forage production system towards cultivation of temporary grassland combines
the increasing genetic potential for high yielding animals (dairy cows, dairy sheep, beef
cattle) with the utilization of locally adapted cultivars of forage species or the utilization of
those with high nutritive value, especially with high-energy content.
328
REASONS FOR HONEYBEE COLONY DECLINES:
A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Robin F.A. MORITZ*
Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
*
http://www.mol-ecol.uni-halle.de
Keywords: honeybee colonies, socio-economic changes, global perspective
Introduction. The past decade has seen a multitude of dramatic reports in the public media
on honeybee (Apis mellifera) declines that raised great public and societal concern. Primarily
pathogens, pesticides, and their interactions have been attributed to have substantially
contributed to the losses of honeybee colonies. However, lost colonies are typically replaced
by beekeepers and as a consequence, the number of managed colonies did not decline but
rather increased globally over the past five decades according to the FAO database. At the
same time, there are huge regional differences with some countries suffering dramatic
declines but others reporting massive increases in the number of managed colonies. Based on
the FAO data set it becomes very clear that pests and pathogens may not be major drivers for
regional colony declines and that socio-economic changes have a much stronger impact on
national colony declines. In particular massive societal changes in response to revolutions,
civil wars and fundamental transformations of the national economic systems cause dramatic
and abrupt colony declines, which are only very slowly recovered if at all.
329
CAFfEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER (CAPE)
IN ROMANIAN PROPOLIS
Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ, Daniel DEZMIREAN,
Flaviu DRÂGLĂ and Otilia BOBIŞ*
Department of Apiculture and Sericulture,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords: CAPE, flavonoids, HPLC, propolis, polyphenols
Introduction. Propolis is an important bee product, rich in biologically active compounds
(Mărghitaş et al., 2013). It is collected by the bees from buds and exudates of different trees
and plants and it has been used since ancient times as a natural remedy or in embalming
process. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the main medicinal components of
propolis, possessing important biological activities, such as anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant antiinflammatory and the most important anti-cancer properties (Son and Lewis, 2002).
Aims. Taking into account that CAPE is an excellent compound in cancer, hepatitis and other
oxidative stress diseases treatment; we consider that knowing the amount of this compound in
Romanian propolis is a very challenging proposal.
Materials and Methods. Different propolis samples were harvested in Transylvania,
Romania, freeze immediately after harvest, finely ground, extracted with 70% ethylic alcohol
and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The measurements were done on a
Shimadzu equipment, using acetonitril : water as mobile phase. To calculate the amount of
CAPE in the samples, a calibration curve of different concentrations of standard compound
was constructed. Results were expressed as mg/g propolis.
Results. The analyzed propolis samples show that beside different phenolic acids and
flavonoids, Romanian propolis is also rich in CAPE. Concentrations ranging from 0.86 to
3.87mgCAPE/g was measured and correlated with high amounts of chrysin. High
concentrations of caffeic acid (1.4 mg/ml) and pinocembrin (2.85 mg/g) were also determined
in the analyzed samples.
Conclusion. HPLC analysis of propolis samples from different locations in Romania has
highlighted the fact that they contain large amounts of CAPE. This propolis may be used
successfully in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer.
References
1. Mărghitaş L., Dezmirean D. and Bobiş O. (2013). Important developments in Romanian
propolis research, Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., 2013:159392.
2. Son S. And Lewis B.A. (2002). Free radical scavenging and antioxidative activity of
caffeic acid amide and ester analogues: structure-activity relationship. J. Agric. Food
Chem. 50:468-472.
330
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE FATTY ACIDS CONTENT
IN TURKEY MEAT
Paul C. BOIŞTEANU,
Marius M. CIOBANU and Roxana LAZĂR*
Department of Fundamental Sciences in Animal Husbandry,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Iaşi, Romania
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: extraction, fatty acids, turkey meat
Introduction. The lipid content of the poultry meat reveals both in domestic and wild birds a
greater quantities of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), [oleic acids (C18:1) are dominating in all
tissues] comparing to the saturated fatty acids (SFA). The dark meat and the derma of the
domestic birds contain as well or a greater quantity of oleic acids that the total of saturated
fatty acids. The palmitic (C16:0), the oleic and the linoleic (C18:2) n-6) fatty acids summarize
at least 68% of the total fatty acids constituents in bird tissues.
Aims. Previous studies have shown that during the development of fat deposits there is
observed an increasing of SFA and UMFA comparing to UPFA, with an impact on the
decline of UPFA content and consequently of the UPFA/ SFA; similar results were
highlighted also in our study.
Materials and Methods. The extraction of meat lipid fraction was performed according to
the protocol described by Folch. The working method used in this case was specific for the
lipid separation in meat samples with a weight of ~2.5 g. Detection of methyl esters was
performed using a gas-chromatograph GC Carlo Erba 5300 mega series, connected to a flame
ionization detector and to a splitted injector. For 1 µL sample analysis, a capillary column
Omegawax 320 (Supelcco inc., Bellafonte, PA.) with highly polar stationary phase, type SP2380-60 m length and 0.25 mm thickness was used.
Results. The obtained results have characterized the quantitative perspective of saturated
lipids of each anatomical cutted region; the upper thigh muscles had the lowest SFA content,
while an ascending value of inferior leg and pectoral muscles was recorded. With respect to
the SFA turkey meat content, the analysis revealed an irregular hierarchy between the
experimental groups of upper thigh and pectoral muscle and uniform in the case of inferior
leg.
Conclusion. The quantitative and qualitative description of fatty acids profile of turkey meat
lipids revealed a wide range of variation, the mean of main lipid fractions have shown a
predominantly content in C16:0, C18:0 for SFA, C18:1 ω-9 and C16:1 for UMFA, while for
UPFA a content of C18:2ω-6 cis, C18:3ω-3 and C20:4ω-6 was recorded.
331
IMPACT OF NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES
ON HONEYBEE IMMUNITY
Gennaro DI PRISCO*, Emilio CAPRIO and Francesco PENNACCHIO
Dipartimento di Agraria. Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
Keywords: Apis mellifera, DWV, neuroimmunity, NLR (CLR), toxicology
Introduction. Large-scale losses of honeybee colonies seem to have a multifactorial origin
with both biotic and abiotic stress factors being apparently involved in the induction of this
phenomenon, which is often associated with high loads of parasites and pathogens.
Neonicotinoid insecticides can favor the proliferation of these latter, but the mechanism
involved still remains elusive.
Aims. Here, we demonstrate that the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin negatively
modulates NF-κB immune signaling in insects and adversely affects honeybee antiviral
defenses controlled by this transcription factor.
Materials and Methods. Newly emerged bees used in all of the experiments were obtained
from brood frames taken from the experimental hives and kept in an incubator at 34°C, 80%
relative humidity (RH), for 12 h. Drosophila melanogaster stocks were raised on standard
cornmeal/yeast/agar medium at 21°C. The Canton-S stock was used for the assessment of
clothianidin and chlorpyriphos toxicity. All samples were kept at -80°C before the molecular
analysis.
Results. Exposure to clothianidin, by enhancing the transcription of the gene encoding the
inhibitor of NF-kB, reduces immune defenses and promotes the replication of the deformed
wing virus in honeybees bearing covert infections. This honeybee immunosuppression is
similarly induced by a different neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, but not by the organophosphate
chlorpyriphos, which does not affect NF-κB signaling. The occurrence at sublethal doses of
this insecticide-induced viral proliferation suggests that the studied neonicotinoids might have
a negative effect at the field level.
Conclusion. Our experiments uncover a further level of regulation of the immune response in
insects and set the stage for studies on neural modulation of immunity in animals.
Furthermore, this study has implications for the conservation of bees, as it will contribute to
the definition of more appropriate guidelines for testing chronic or sublethal effects of
pesticides used in agriculture.
332
EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION AT NILE TILAPIA
WITH THYMUS VULGARIS, TRIGONELA FOENUM GRAECUM
AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA ON WELFARE STATUS
Alina ANTACHE*, Victor CRISTEA, Iulia GRECU, Lorena DEDIU,
Mirela CREŢU, Elena BOCIOC and Ştefan M. PETREA
Department of Aquaculture, Environmental Science and Cadastre,
“Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, Romania
*
Keywords: hematological profile, lysozyme, Nile tilapia, recirculating aquaculture system,
phytobiotics,
Introduction. At fish, the evaluation of hematological profile is an important step in
monitoring the welfare status. This can be influenced by growth conditions, sex, age,
biochemical composition of feed, etc. (Patriche et al., 2011).
Aims. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of dietary supplementation
with some phytobiotics on hematological profile, some biochemical indices of blood and on
the immune response at Oreochromis niloticus reared in a recirculating aquaculture system.
Materials and Methods. The experimental variants were organized as follows: V1–control,
V2–1% thyme, V3–1% fenugreek and V4–1% neem. Blood analysis, glucose and total
protein were carried out by methods commonly used in fish hematology. Lysozyme activity
was measured by a turbiometric assay and cortisol was determined by an immune enzymatic
assay.
Results. At the end of the experiment was observed that the phytobiotics administration has
led to significant changes (p0.05) in case of erythrocytes number (p=0.002) and relative
number of monocytes (%) (p=0.045). Comparing final results with the value obtained at the
beginning of the experiment were noted significant differences (p0.05) in case of
erythrocytes number (p=0.037), PVC (p=0.001), MCHC (p=0.000), glucose (p=0.035),
monocytes (%) (p=0.042). The best values were registered in V2 and V3 variant. The
concentration of cortisol was lower in variants in which the dietary was supplemented with
phytobiotics compared to the control variant. The neem (V4) administration led to
intensifying the lysozyme activity than other experimental variants.
Conclusion. In this research, we demonstrated that the dietary supplementation especially
with thyme and fenugreek, but also with neem has improved the physiological status at
Oreochromis niloticus species.
References
1. Patriche Tanti, Patriche N., Bocioc E., Coada M.T. (2011). Serum biochemical parameters
of farmed carp (Cyprinus carpio), Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation–
International Journal of the Bioflux Society 4, 137–140.
333
THE BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION
OF AQUACULTURE NILE TILAPIA MUSCLE TISSUE,
IN CONDITION OF SOME PHYTOBIOTICS
ADMINISTERED IN FEED
Alina ANTACHE*, Victor CRISTEA, Lorena DEDIU,
Iulia GRECU, Ştefan M. PETREA and Alexandru C. BANDI
University “Dunărea de Jos” Galaţi, Romania.
*
Keywords: biochemical composition of muscle tissue, Oreochromis niloticus, phytobiotics,
recirculating aquaculture system
Introduction. Biochemical composition of fish meat is influenced by numerous of
endogenous and exogenous factors, but depends mostly by the biochemical composition of
feed administered (Alemu et al., 2013)
Aims. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of some phytobiotics on
biochemical composition of Nile tilapia muscle tissue reared in a recirculating aquaculture
system.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted for fourteen weeks, from August 17
to November 27, 2012. The experimental variants were: V1–control, V2–1% Rosmarinus
officinalis/kg feed; V3–1% Hippophae rhamnoides/kg feed and V4–1% Zingiber officinale/kg
feed. During the experiment, the sampling for biochemical analysis of muscle tissue was
performed at the beginning of the experiment (17.08.2012), on intermediary moment
(28.09.2012) and at the end of the experiment (27.11.2012), from fresh meat.
Results. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) both between initial (Vi) and
intermediary (Vint–28.09.2012) moment and between experimental variants (Vint) in terms of
protein, fat, moisture and dry matter percentage. At the end of the experiment were registered
significant differences (p<0.05) with respect to protein and moisture percentage. Also, in this
paper was presented the dynamics of nutrient retention efficiency (PER-g/g, PUE-%, RPg/fish and RL-g/fish) at Nile tilapia, in the muscle tissue. At the intermediary moment, in V3
was registered the lowest value of fat content (1.22%), and in V4 the highest value of protein
content (13.11%).
Conclusion. In conclusion, rosemary, sea buckthorn and ginger in concentration of 1%/kg
feed influenced significantly the biochemical composition of muscle tissue at Oreochromis
niloticus species.
References
1. Alemu L.A., Melese A.Y. and Gulelat D.H. (2013). Effect Of Endogenous Factors On
Proximate Composition Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus L.) Fillet From Lake
Zeway, American Journal of Research Communication, Vol. 1(11): 405-410.
334
REVIEW – WATER TREATMENT CAPACITY
OF DIFFERENT HYDROPONIC MODULES INTEGRATED
IN RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Alexandru C. BANDI1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Ştefan M. PETREA1,
Lucian GEORGESCU2, Lorena DEDIU1 and Dragoş DIACONU1
1
Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, University “Dunărea de Jos”Galaţi, Romania
2
Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment,
University “Dunărea de Jos” Galaţi, Romania
*
Keywords: hydroponic modules, nitrogen compounds, RAS, water treatment
Introduction. Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) have proved to be the ideal solution
for the future of aquaculture because of the high fish stocking densities that are possible to be
applied, and therefore because of the high feeding ratios that are practiced. Thus, the
economic efficiency and sustainability of these systems is tightly linked to the degree of
optimal water quality assurance by using lesser financial resources.
Aims. Taking into consideration the above-mentioned aspects, the present review aims to find
the technical and technological circumstances under which the water quality in a recirculating
system can be optimized using aquaponic water treatment techniques.
Results. Thus, it was observed that higher nitrate removal rate was recorded in deep-water
culture (DWC) hydroponic modules (DWC>MFG>NFT), and higher phosphate (PO4)
removal rate was also recorded in media filled grow beds (MFG) hydroponic modules
(MFG>NFT>DWC). Other aspects that influence the water treatment process are: hydraulic
flow regime (continuous flow>reciprocating flow), hydraulic loading rate, flow rate (high
flow rate>low flow rate –in the case of TAN, but LFR>HFR –in the case of nitrate and TP),
and fish to plants ratio.
Conclusion. The present work demonstrates that the hydroponic modules are successful in
maintaining the water quality at an optimal level. Several technical and technological factors
(optimal vegetal-animal biomass ratio, growth area, bearing capacity of the system, type of
plant-fish species) are optimized by using a certain hydroponic module system (nutrient film
technique (NFT), deep water culture (floating rafts), and media filled grow beds
corresponding with specific RAS characteristics (bearing capacity, rearing units and water
treatment units (mechanical filter, biological filter, etc.) dimensioning and design.
335
DETERMINATION OF MILLING MODULE AND
ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES
OF CONCENTRATES FEEDS
Victor BǍRBIERU*, Mircea MUNTEANU and Adriana DAVID
1
Keywords: concentrate feeds; granular indexes
Introduction. Intensive animal breeding in relative restricted spaces is conditioned by wellbalanced feeds in all nutrients, which provide a good productive capacity and health
maintenance. Using cereals and other vegetal feeds is carried out after processing operations
to ensure their consumption and the possibility of mixing with other components to achieve
the combined feeds.
Aims. The aim for determination of milling module for analyzed feeds is framing on different
animal species for samples obtained by the mill used sieves. Determination of energy
consumption per unit product according to the moisture content of the raw material is also an
indicator of the approach towards waiting for him ahead.
Materials and Methods. Raw Materials used were the grain such as corn, wheat, and oat as
well as sunflower seed meals. The equipment used was a feeds processing outfit “Bontida”
type, which content a hammer mill (7.5 KW) and horizontal mixer type “Himmel”. For
determination of milling granular we used a machine with 4 different sieves and the results
were used for calculation of average granular indexes.
Results. During cereals milling process have been using 3 different-sized holes in the sieve, 2
types of hammer mill rotor on two different humidity levels, recording also the energy
consumption per unit of product. After the milling process were taken from each product
samples from 500 gram for the determination of granular indexes with sieves machine AS300. It has been calculated the milling module and have many differences according to the
mill sieves used, the hammer mill type, and humidity of row materials.
Conclusion. Calculation of milling module (granular indexes) for analyzed cereals allow
framing for various animal species, depending on the mill used sieves, aspects can be taken
into account in the practice of farmers.
References
1. Stǎnilǎ S. (2013). Utilaje în industria alimentarǎ, editura Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca.
2. Sara A. (2006). Nutreturile si utilizarea lor in hrana animalelor, Editura Risoprint Cluj
Napoca.
336
HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE JUVENILE CARP
(Cyprinus carpio, L. 1758) REARED INTO A RECIRCULATING
AQUACULTURE SYSTEM WITH PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENT
Elena BOCIOC1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Neculai PATRICHE2,
Iulia GRECU1, Alina ANTACHE1 and Mirela (CREŢU) MOCANU1
1
University “Dunarea de Jos” Galaţi, Romania
2
Institute for Research and Development in Aquatic Ecology, Fishing and Aquaculture, Galati
*
Keywords: carp, hematological parameters, probiotics, RAS
Introduction. The use of probiotics in aquaculture is gained increasing scientific and
commercial interest for promoting as growth supplements, mostly, but as prophylactic or
therapeutic agents, too. The intensive fish rearing often are characterized by stressful
conditions (overcrowd, altered water quality etc.) so the probiotics could help by enhancing
the resistance to stress. In teleostean fish, hematological indices are used as indicators of the
physiological stress response to internal or external factors disturbances. Currently, there is
limited information on the efficacy of the probiotics and its impact on fish blood physiology.
Aims. The general aim of this paper was to assess the effect of a probiotic supplements
(BioPlus® 2B) on hematological status in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L. 1758), cultured
in a recirculating aquaculture system and fed with a commercial diet with 30% raw protein.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was performed for 60 days, fish biomass being
equally distributed into the 4 growth units (V1-control and 3 different concentrations of
probiotics: V2-2.24×109 CFU/kg food, V3-3.84×109 CFU/kg food, V4-7.04×109 CFU/kg
food). Blood samples were drawn both at the beginning and the end of the trial period.
Results. The researches revealed a great range of variability for the hematological parameter
as follows: (Hb) hemoglobin 3.40÷11.00 g/dl; (Ht) hematocrit 23.00÷41.00%; (RBC) red
blood cell count 0.72÷2.10 x 106/μl, (MCV) mean corpuscular volume 127÷346.37 (μm3),
(MCH) mean corpuscular hemoglobin 18.62÷59.66 (pg) and (MCHC) mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration 12.65÷30.69 (g/dl).
Conclusion. In the present research, these variations in the blood parameters underlined the
role of the hematology in assessing the homeostatic response of fish to different technological
conditions.
References
1. Burr G., Gatlin D., Ricke S. (2005). Microbial Ecology of the Gastrointestinal Tract of
Fish and the Potential Application of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Finfish Aquaculture, J
World Aquacul Soc 36(4): 425-436.
2. Ghodratizadeh S., Ghodratizadeh Z., Farhoudi M. and Habibian M. (2011). Effects of
Addition of Saccharomyces cerevisae and Bacillus subtilis in Diet on Aelected
Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio), World
Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences 3(1): 96-99, 2011, IDOSI Publications, ISSN: 207845-89.
3. Enache I., Cristea V., Docan A. and Popescu A. (2011). Hematological profile in juvenile
carp reared under a recirculating system condition, AACL Bioflux, Volume 4(5): 644650.
337
STUDIES REGARDING THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
ON A PERMANENT GRASSLAND IN PETROVA, MARAMUREŞ
Adela l. BOTIŞ*, Gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA, Doru CRISTE,
Iulia MEDREA and Bogdan FĂGĂDAR
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies,
*
Keywords: fertilizers, grassland, Maramureş, organic
Introduction. Technological development, mechanization, agrichemical substances and more
recently the genetic findings have permitted a constant growth of grassland productions and
lead to structural changes in agriculture (Bogdan, 2012). A form of maintaining the balance
between the haleness of the environment and the human needs of food products and fodder is
by using natural resources and give back what nature provides to humans.
Aims. Since the topic of organic agriculture and healthy food concerns a greater number of
people, this type of life became a trend, especially in Western Europe and more in our days in
Romania, leading to a necessity of organic products on the market. Starting from these
concerns and applying them to permanent grasslands, this would be the start point for
obtaining organic fodder for animals that provide other products for human alimentation. One
of the main problems that the experiment in Petrova, Maramureş tries to solve is the quantity
of forage that can be obtained from an organic fertilized permanent grassland.
Materials and Methods. There were many studies carried out in Maramureş, especially in
the 18th and 19th century, most of them either on the vegetation of the area or on the
production of permanent grasslands implying mineral fertilizers. The experiment conducted in
Petrova, Maramureş, is exclusively organic, trying to solve the problem of the necessary of
fodder for animals. The experiment is established on a permanent grassland in the climate
conditions of Petrova since October 2012.
Results. Studies conducted in the area reveal important quantities of fodder obtained from
permanent grassland. Also experiments carried out in other parts of Romania and in Europe,
using manure as fertilizers, show good productions of grass, these studies being used as
comparing results and developing methods to perfect the one established in Maramureş.
Concrete results were obtained from the field in the summer of 2013, with two cuts, and one
cut in June 2014, the experiment being ongoing for at least another year. The quantity of grass
obtained is quantified in green matter and dry matter, the result being compared with others in
the literature and between them to emphasize the best quantity of manure or manure mix per
hectare to obtain the necessary quantity of fodder.
Conclusion. The necessity of keeping the environment safe and preserve the haleness of the
animals and people ask for new technologies to be used in agriculture and imply a more
natural method to increase production. One of the ways to do this is by using organic
fertilizers that will keep safe not only humans but also the animals and will preserve the
biodiversity of the environment.
References
1. Bogdan Anca (2012). Cercetări privind folosirea şi menţinerea pajiştilor montane cu lowput, PhD Thesis at The University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca.
338
REVIEW –A LIFE FOR NOBEL PRIZE:
REMEMBER GEORGE EMIL PALADE
Mirela E. CADAR* and Mircea GABOREANU
1
Keywords: cellular biology, molecular biology, Nobel Prize, GE Palade
Introduction. In 2012 were accomplished 100 years from birth of George Emil Palade. He
was born in Iaşi, Romania, in November 19, 1912, and after high school, in 1929 he was
admitted in “Carol Davila” Medicine Faculty from Bucharest. During university years, he was
especially interested in anatomy and biochemistry. After university, he made and sustained
the PhD thesis, which had the subject: “Urinary tube in cetacean Delphynus delphy” and he
obtained the title of Doctor in medicine and surgery in 1940. After six years, as assistant and
then associate professor in Anatomy Department, G.E. Palade emigrated in USA to continue
his post-doctorate studies. He will became USA citizen in 1952.
In a first period of 26 years (1947-1973), G.E. Palade made his researches in Rockefeller
Institute for Medical Research, having as main preoccupations the cells’ fractioning method
and researches of animal and vegetal tissues in electronic microscope. He improved these
methods conceiving the Palade fixing solution, ultracentrifugation in sucrose density gradient,
the “pulse-chase” process in experiments with radioactive isotopes and the autoradiography in
electronic microscopy. For the first time, in cellular ultrastructure and physiology, he
described the mitochondria, nervous fibers of C type, interneuronal and neuromuscular
synapses, the ribosomes (Palade granules), the role of rough endoplasmic reticullum in
protein synthesis, the atrial specific granules, the messangial cells from renal corpuscles, the
different types of intercellular junctions, the plasmalemal vesicles from endothelial cells and
the transcytosis phenomenon, the Weibel-Palade corpuscles from endothelia, the peripheral
vesicles of Golgi complex and intracellular vectorial transport of secretion proteins, the nature
of zymogene granules, membranes’ biogenesis etc.
In 1973, G.E. Palade accepted the proposal of Yale University School of Medicine to
establish the Yale Center Molecular Medicine. Here, he continues the research of secretion
process in pancreas exocrine cells. In 1974, the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology was
assigned to three researchers from Cellular Biology domain –Albert Claude, Christian De
Duve and George Emil Palade. The Nobel Committee motivation was: “for discoveries
concerning the functional organization of the cell that were seminal events in the development
of modern cell biology”. In 1990, G.E. Palade go to University of California, in San Diego
School of Medicine La Jolla, where he continues the study of intracellular vectorial transport
of proteins using the immune-isolation procedure for subcellular components’ isolation.
In biologic research domain, G.E. Palade was the partisan of multidisciplinary approach and
has collaborators from specialization as biochemistry, physics, medicine, zoology, botany etc.
He always considered that researches from cellular and molecular biomedicine would be
useful to elucidate numerous diseases from cellular pathology domain.
George Emil Palade died in October 7, 2008.
339
THE INFLUENCE OF REFRIGERATION METHOD
AND MATURATION TIME IN BROILER MEAT QUALITY
Marius M. CIOBANU*, Roxana LAZĂR, Emanuiel C. DIACONU,
Nicoleta GĂINĂ (DIACONU) and Paul C. BOISTEANU
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Iaşi, Romania
*
Keywords: chicken, maturation, refrigeration
Introduction. Consumer acceptability of broiler meat depends on its tenderness and
appearance, main cause of incidence hardness broiler meat cutting and boning the carcass
before the completion of rigor mortis.
Aims. Thus, to prevent apparition of rough meat literature describes a number of studies that
focused on finding the optimum aging time. Prior to cutting and boning, to obtain juicy meat
is needed to apply an early maturation period ranging between 4 and 6 h.
Materials and Methods. Meat color was expressed by tristim spectral coordinates L*, a*, b*
color space in CIEL* a* b* (AMSA), measured by specular component included (SCI), the
whole principle of operation of the spectrophotometer applying the specifications given in
"CIE colorimeter Second Edition, Publication 15.2" (1986).
To determine the force to Warner Bratzler used texture-meter single bladed TA Instruments
Lioyd plus 1 KN, equipped with specific blade (  =60°) it is speed of 100 mm/min under
conditions of cutting force of 1,000 N.
Results. Descriptive analysis of meat quality parameters showed lower values for carcass
chilling in drafts submitted for pH, L*, a*, b* and WBSF significant differences (P≤0.05)
were recorded for pH, brightness and cooking losses. The curing time significantly influenced
(P≤0.05) analyzed parameters. Acidity of meat, coordinate complementary colors red-green
(a*) and yellow-blue (b*) and meat tenderness was assessed by a inverse relationship with
increasing aging time. By analyzing the interaction between qualitative parameters
determined, the type of cooling and ripening period has shown significant effect (P≤0.05)
moderately negative (r=-0.320) pH on brightness and cooking losses (r=-0.307), where a*, b*
and tenderness (BSF) pH with a significant (P≤0.05) positive.
Conclusion. The results described a negative correlation of losses by cooking refrigeration
and maturation, of acidity and coordinate complementary colors yellow-blue and Warner
Bratzler shear force. The main negative effects of meat maturation were open colored pectoral
muscle and increase losses by boiling.
340
COMPARISON OF CRANIOMETRIC FEATURES
BETWEEN DOMESTIC PIG (Sus scrofa forma domestica)
AND WILD BOAR (Sus scrofa) FROM TRANSYLVANIA REGION
Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Viorica COŞIER, Daniel COCAN and Vioara MIREŞAN*
Keywords: craniometric features, domestic pig, wild boars
Introduction. Pigs were among the first domesticated animal species after dog, sheep and
goats, this important step for mankind dating from late Paleolithic and early Neolithic. Thus,
current forms of domestic pigs have as origin wild pigs, the most representative of them are
Asian wild boar and European wild boar. Data on craniometric features in representatives of
Suidae can be found in the monograph of wild boar, reported by Kozlo (1975), while Oberez
(1996) analyzed some craniometric features in miniature pigs.
Aims. Based on these arguments take shape the purpose of this scientific papers, to make a
comparison between the skull bones of the wild boar and domestic pig, as a result of different
environmental conditions in which they formed, they lived and were consolidated during
phylogenetic evolution in Transylvania region.
Materials and Methods. The skulls of 20 male, 10 domestic local breeds pig and 10 wild
boars hunting trophies from Brasov and Cluj Counties, all in completed growth-fully grown
third molar (M3) were used as biological material for the present study. Craniometric
measurements were taken following the methodology of von den Driesch (1976).
Measurements were made using the following tools: electronic caliper, zootechnical dividers
and calibrated meter. Statistical data processing was performed using bio-informatics program
Graphpad Prism v.6.04.
Results. The variability of craniometry indices in wild boar is between a minimum of 0.68%
if the length of the side of the premaxilla and a maximum of 23.81% for occipital base length.
Domestic pig craniometry index variability ranges between a minimum of 0.40% in length of
jaw and a maximum of 35.42% in parietal bone length. Regarding the significance of
differences for mean values from all 52 indicators considered in this study there were a total
of 19 values of means statistically insignificant. Also in the case of 14 craniometry indices
were recorded differences highly statistically significant. Regarding the differences
statistically significant they were recorded in 8 of the 52 indicators included in this study.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we conclude based on craniometrical
measurements corroborated with statistical data processing the common ancestral origin of
the two species, the differences being assigned due to general and special environmental
conditions, resulting from the process of domestication.
Acknowledgements. This paper was published under European Social Fund, Human
Resources Development Operational Program 2007-2013, POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Oberez A. (1996). Mandibular molar teeth and the development of mastication in the
Miniature Pig (Sus scrofa), Acta. Anat. 156: 99-111.
2. Von den Driesch, A. (1976). A Guide to the Measurement of the Animal Bones from
Archaeological Sites, Peabody Museum Bulletin1, Harvard Univ., Massachusetts, 137.
341
TEXTURE PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS IN HORSE MEAT
Emanuiel C. DIACONU*, Roxana LAZĂR, Nicoleta GĂINĂ (DIACONU),
Marius M. CIOBANU and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, Romania
*Correspondent author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: horse, palatability, texture profile
Introduction. Meat had and has an essential role in human nutrition and human development,
but the consumption of horse meat depends mainly on the eating habits of everyone (Gill,
2005). Due to perceptions of heart disease caused by eating red meat, consumers seeking
alternatives to achieve the necessary protein, also looking the piece of meat that owns most of
the organoleptic properties: tenderness, juiciness, etc. A significant influence on meat texture
has the physiological function of the muscle in relation to its anatomical position, age at
slaughter, the type of nutrition offered to horses.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to analyze different tissues muscle from horses slaughtered in
our country, in terms of textural characteristics involved: hardness, cohesiveness,
adhesiveness, gumminess, elasticity, chewiness.
Materials and Methods. Researches were performed on four types of muscle tissue derived
from horses that are slaughtered in Botosani County: M. Longissimus dorsi, M. Gracilis, M.
Infraspinatus, M. Rectus Abdominis. Textural profile (TPA) of these samples was performed
using dynamometer Llyod Plus LPF and expression of results were made possible by
embedded software NEXYGEN Ondio.
Results. Most parameters that describe the texture of horse meat showed insignificant
differences between the 4 groups of muscles, M. Longissimus dorsi recorded their highest
values. Significant differences were obtained in the case of cohesivity, M. Gracilis recorded
the highest values (0.49±0.01), and lower limit being found in M. rectus abdominis with an
average of 0.42±0.02.
Conclusions. The results obtained for all the parameters that describe textural profile help us
to appreciate the horse meat quality, assessment that may lead to interpreting palatability of
this kind of meat. Also, by determination of these physical parameters we assess the
conditions that the meat is subjected to when the mastication take place.
Acknowledgments. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/
159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Gill C.O. (2005). Safety and storage stability of horse meat for human consumption. Meat
Sci. 71, 506–513.
342
ESTIMATION OF PHENOTIPICAL SUPERIORITY FOR
SLAUGHTER EFFICIENCY IN TWO GENETIC TYPES
OF MEAT HYBRIDS FROM ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS
Dorel DRONCA1*, Nicolae PACALA1, Ioan BENCSIK1,
Teofil OROIAN2, Vasile CIGHI2, Rasvan POPA3, Ada CEAN1,
Adela MARCU1 and Alexandru DRONCA4
1
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
"King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania
2
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Faculty of Animal Sciences Bucureşti, Romania
4
West University of Timişoara, Romania
Keywords: crossing, efficiency at slaughter, hybrids, heterosis effect, Oryctolagus cuniculus
Introduction. The crossing constitutes the main way to determine the manifestation of hybrid
vigor, depending on interactions between the nonaditive genetic and the genetic diversity
pronounced by the populations that are crossed (Dronca, 2007).
Aims. The aim of the present paper was to appreciate the special combinative capacity for
slaughter efficiency, of a crossing scheme, with three rabbit breeds commonly used by the
breeders in Timis County: New Zealand White (NZW), Large Chinchilla (CHL), Californian
(CAL) and their hybrids.
Materials and Methods. The used biologic materials were New Zealand White (NZW),
Large Chinchilla (CHL) and Californian (CAL) breeds, purchased from different breeders.
The animals were representative for the three pure breeds. The crossing scheme was: the first
generation of hybrids F1 (NZWxCHL) resulted from the crossing of the New Zealand White
(NZW) as mother breed and Large Chinchilla as paternal breed, the second generation F2
(F1xCAL) had resulted from F1 hybrid as maternal component and Californian breed (CAL)
as paternal breed. The measurements for characters taken into consideration were performed
on 200 individuals, 40 (randomly selected) from each of the 5 experimental lots. All animals
were 80 days old at the slaughtering and the breeding conditions were assured so the entire
genetic potential can be phenotypically expressed, and the special environmental factors to be
reduced as minimal possible.
Results. The heterosis effect for the slaughter efficiency of the rabbits from simple hybrids F1
(NZWxCHL) was 0.6%, and for three breeds’ double hybrids F2 (F1xCAL) was 4.9%. The
obtained results demonstrate that although the considered trait had a powerful heritability
(Bura and Bencsik, 2000), the hybrid vigor is manifesting. We mention that, to the best of our
knowledge, in the specialty literature there are no reports on the performances of animals
breed on this crossing scheme.
Conclusion. The three rabbit breeds used in our study, New Zealand White, Large Chinchilla
and Californian have a good special combinative capacity for slaughter efficiency, and can be
efficiently used in production, for producing individuals for slaughterhouses.
References
1. Bura M. and Bencsik I. (2000). Ameliorarea genetica a iepurilor de casa. Ed. Mirton, 8128.
2. Dronca D. (2007). Genetic amelioration of animal population. Ed. Mirton, 404-406.
343
OVERVIEW REGARDING THE BIOACTIVITY
OF AGASTACHE FOENICULUM AND NEPETA CATARIA SPECIES
Simona DUDA, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ,
Dan DEZMIREAN and Otilia BOBIŞ*
Department of Technological Sciences-Animal Science,
Keywords: Agastache foeniculum, anti-microbial, bio-insecticides, Nepeta cataria
Introduction. In this paper, we summarize the recent advances on chemical composition and
bioactivity of giant hyssop (Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze) and catnip (Nepeta cataria
L.). Extracts from giant hyssop and catnip have a significant bioactivity, antibacterial and
antioxidant activity (Zielińska and Matkowski, 2014; Mihaylova et al., 2013).
Aims. This literature review want to emphasize the value of these two plants and the
opportunity of using them to obtain bioactive extracts with applicability in beekeeping, for
different pest control.
Materials and Methods. Different parts of the mentioned plants were used for the
determination of active principles from macerates and essential oils. Spectrophotometric
methods as well as high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography is
generally used for the determination of bioactive principles from the classes of polyphenols,
flavonoids, carotenoids and aromatic acids.
Results. Remarkable results have been obtained in use of the essential oil from Agastache
foeniculum as an insecticide for the control of pests like the Red flour beetle (Tribolium
castaneum Herbst), Lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica F.), Mediterranean flour moth
(Ephestia kuehniella) and t h e Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella) from the grain and
food warehouses (Ebadollahi, 2011). The anti-microbial activity of catnip (Nepeta cataria)
was proven over five bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtillis (Bandh et al., 2011).
Conclusion. Considering the results obtained and reported in the literature in the control of
various pests and diseases, we consider appropriate to extend the research also in the field of
beekeeping, for natural treatment of different bacterial diseases and pests.
References
1. Ebadollahi A. (2011). Chemical constituents and toxicity of Agastache foeniculum (Pursh)
Kuntze essential oil against two stored - product insect pests. Chilean J. Agric. Res. 71
(2): 212-217.
2. Mihaylova D., Georgieva L and Pavlov A. (2013). In vitro antioxidant activity and
phenolic composition of Nepeta cataria L. extracts. Int. J.Agric.Sci.Technol. 1(4): 74-79.
3. Zielińska S. and Matkowski A. (2014). Phytochemistry and bioactivity of aromatic and
medicinal plants from the genus Agastache (Lamiaceae). Phyt. Rev. 13:3 91-416.
344
ASPECTS OF THE WELFARE OF DAIRY COWS
IN FARMS WITH TIED BREEDING SYSTEM AND
ACTION OF THE UPSTREAM FACTORS. PART I
Cristina El MAHDY1*, Silvana POPESCU2,
Cristin BORDA2 and Anca BOARU1
1
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Keywords: cow, comfort index, housing, welfare
Introduction. The performances, productive longevity and the health of dairy cows is
dependent on factors from: upstream; on the product, downstream of the product (Man, 2002).
Farm management must take into account all aspects related to the sheltering, environmental
conditions, feeding, health of dairy cows, which represents major desideratum in the profit of
a farm (Blokhuis, 2009).
Aims. Because there is no reference price of milk awarded producers the interest for
improving the housing conditions of dairy cows is not a priority The case study was
performed in five farms with a capacity of 20 head cows/farm having as growing technology
tied system in winter and grazing in spring-summer season, deficiencies related to the
conditions in which animals and action on udder health and especially
Materials and Methods. Farms were monitored by point of view of microclimate parameters
using the thermometer, hygrometer and determining the heat stress (THI, dew point) speed of
airflow catathermometer (Hill's formula), Oldham analyzer was used for determination of
noxious gases: CO2 and NH3. Volumes of air, surfaces accommodation, illumination index
were calculated after linear measurements of the shelters, windows, chimney stacks (length,
width, height), and calculations after well established formulas. Welfare indicators: Hygiene
cow comfort, Hygiene score, lameness, cow comfort index (CCI), stall standing index (SSI),
locomotion score were determined by examination of animals based on existing protocols in
literature. The udder health was performed through rapid determination of mastitis performed
with Whiteside modified test and Mastitest, and somatic cell count with milk analyzer
NucleoCounter SCC-100.
Results. Animal shelters are the undersized in terms of requirements towards the necessary of
fresh air, and the introduction of clean air can be achieved only through unorganized
ventilation leading to the creation of large currents of air in the winter. Hygiene score, CCI,
SSI indicates a rethinking of the shelters by increasing the area of accommodation and greater
attention the cleanliness and udder health. The size of the stands, especially hygiene and
udder hygiene score, the transition from manual to mechanical milking management applied
in the farm affects the health of the mammary gland in different proportions.
Conclusion. Inadequate sheltering involves deficiencies on animal welfare and their health
References
1. Blokhuis Harry J. (2009). Welfare Quality assessment protocol for cattle, ASG
Veehouderij BV Nederlanden: 1-142.
2. Man C. (2002). Ecologia exploatării taurinelor, Ed. AcademicPres, Cluj-Napoca.
345
CHARACTERIZATION OF COLORIMETRIC PARAMETERS
IN CATTLE MEAT
Nicoleta GĂINĂ (DIACONU)*, Roxana LAZĂR, Emanuiel C. DIACONU,
Marius M. CIOBANU and Paul C. BOIŞTEANU
*Correspondent author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keyword: cattle, color, freshness
Introduction. Color is one of the most important sensory parameters of meat, because for the
consumers is the first indicator of its freshness. There are a number of factors that influence
meat color: glycolysis rate, intramuscular fat, its oxidative status (Van Oeckel, 1999). Color
allows detection of anomalies or the presence of defects in the meat (Abdullah et al., 2004).
Therefore, it was found that the equipment and methodology for measuring color is available
from the economic point of view and allow the improvement of food products.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the color of muscle tissue from cattle
slaughtered in our country, by using colorimetric scale CIE L*a*b*.
Materials and Methods. Color values were measured using the Minolta spectrophotometer
CM 2600 d, and the samples under study are represented by three types of muscle tissues
from five randomly selected cattle from the slaughter technological flow (Longissimus dorsi
thoracis, Longissimus dorsi lumborum, Psoas Minor and Major).
Results. The results obtained from measurements performed on the three muscle areas
showed that physical activity performed by live animal have influence over anatomical region
of origin of the muscle, and therefore on its color. Thus M. Psoas has the lowest averages of
the three characteristics –L* (30.39±0.86), a* (10.73±0.51) and b* (11.29±0.91).
Conclusion. These results are relevant for determining the quality and safety of meat,
bringing support to consumer in choosing a particular type of meat. Also helps to improve pre
slaughtering and post slaughtering practices, operations that interact on the biochemical
processes taking place in the animal body, and provides sensorial, physical and chemical
characteristics, superior qualitatively.
159/1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Van Oeckel, M.J., Warnants N. and Boucque Ch.V. (1999). Measurement and pediction
of pork colour, Meat Science, 52, 347–354.
2. Abdullah M.Z., Guan L.C., Lim K.C. and Karim A.A. (2004). The applications of
computer vision and tomographic radar imaging for assessing physical properties of food,
Journal of Food Engineering, 61, 125–135.
346
DANUBE SALMON (Hucho hucho) IN CENTRAL AND
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE: A REVIEW FOR THE DEVELOPMENT
OF AN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE REHABILITATION
AND CONSERVATION OF DANUBE SALMON POPULATIONS
Andrada IHUŢ1, Andreas ZITEK2, Steven WEISS3, Clemens RATSCHAN4,
Thomas KAUFMANN5, Georg HOLZER6, Daniel COCAN1,
Radu CONSTANTINESCU1 and Vioara MIREŞAN1*
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, UASVM Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department of Chemistry, VIRIS Laboratory of Analytical Ecogeochemistry,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria
3
Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Austria
4
ezb//TB Zauner GmbH, Technical Office for Applied Aquatic Ecology, Fisheries,
Environmental Engineering, Austria
5
Freiwasser, Association for Ecology, Environmental Engineering, Austria
6
Engineering office for landscape planning and landscape management, Austria
Keywords: Danube salmon, biology, habitat, reproduction, genetics, conservation
Introduction. Danube salmon Hucho hucho (L.) known of the world’s largest salmonids, is
among the most endangered fish species inhabiting the Danube basin of Central Europe.
According to IUCN criteria it is classified as endangered (EN) because its abundance is very
low and continually decreasing. In the past the natural distribution range of the Danube
salmon including drainages in Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, north-western
Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany (Bavaria), Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia
and western Ukraine (Witkowski et al., 2013). Currently, the Danube salmon populations are
fragmented within the Danube drainage and many are dependent on artificial reproduction
and stocking programs. It is not yet possible to report that this species is safe from extinction
in the wild (Holčik 1995).
Aims. As a basis to develop a sustainable conservation approach for the Huchen in its whole
distribution range in Central and South Eastern Europe, the current status of biological
knowledge existing in the different countries is reviewed.
Materials and Methods. The review is based on a collaborative collection and review of
existing literature with the participation of renowned experts with regard to Danube salmon
biology, genetics and conservation.
Results. The most successful biological conservation and rehabilitation strategies should be
identified. Recommendations for future research needs will be given.
Conclusion. To re-establish and protect the species successfully, networking and
collaboration between the above mentioned countries sharing the Danube salmon distribution
area is needed. The new CASEE network of Life Science Universities within the Danube
catchment offers such a platform for coordinated cross-border collaboration, and will be
explored as a potential means to achieve cross-border networking and collaboration.
References
1. Holčík J. (1995). Threatened fishes of the world: Hucho hucho (Linnaeus 1758)
(Salmonidae), Env. Biol. Fish. 43:105-106.
2. Witkowski A. et al. (2013). Past and present of and perspectives for the Danube huchen,
Hucho hucho (L.,), in the Danube basin, Arch. Pol. Fish. 21: 129-142.
347
RESEARCH REGARDING THE HABITAT INFLUENCE OVER
GLYCOGEN AMOUNT IN FARMED AND WILD RAINBOW TROUT
Mădălina I. IORDACHE1*, Eugen UNGUREANU2, Emanuel MĂGDICI1,
Cătălin E. NISTOR1 and Benone PĂSĂRIN1
1
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
"Ion Ionescu de la Brad", Iaşi, Romania
2
Faculty of Biology, University “Alexandru Ioan Cuza », Iaşi, Romania
Keywords: hepatic glycogen, muscular glycogen, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Introduction. Glycogen represents the main energy reserve for satisfaction of metabolic
demands on short term in the tissues of animal organisms. Glycogen content could reflect
some biochemical adaptation of any stress forms given by the environment. From those ones
pH, oxygen level, salinity and prolonged physical activity directly affect the glycogen
reserves (Păsărin, 2007). Liver and muscular tissues are the two major tissues for glycogen
depositing (Storey, 2004).
Aims. Starting from this premises the current paper aimed to study the influence of growth medium
(farmed and wild) of quantity liver glycogen and muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss,
Walbaum, 1792). We analyzed 40 samples, 20 samples of farmed trout (Cheiţa trout farm from
Neamţ County) and 20 samples of the wild one (river Bistriţa).
Materials and Methods. For a quantitative determination of glycogen research was carried
out on biological material represented by white musculature and hepatic tissue of some trout
from Oncorhynchus mykiss breed (rainbow trout).
Results. The obtained data resulted at the end of effected analysis on hepatic glycogen record
mean values of 2.325±0.892 g/100g for wild rainbow trout and of 3.832±0.450 g/100g for
farm rainbow trout. In the case of muscular glycogen were recorded mean values of
0.098±0.016 g/100g for wild rainbow trout and 0.130±0.044 g/100g for farm rainbow trout.
Conclusion. Non-uniformity of biological material as regarding the corporal development
and implicit of the tracked carbohydrates parameters has a great influence on the results,
increasing in a considerable way their variability degree. In comparison with trout reared in
farms, where hepatic and muscular glycogen is present in high quantities at native trout from
fresh mountain waters glycogen reserves are lower.
References
1. Păsărin B. (2007). Salmoniculture, Ed. “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iaşi.
2. Storey K.B. (2004). Functional Metabolism. Regulation and Adaptation, Ed. John Wiley&
Sons, Inc., Hobocken, New Jersey, USA, 243-250.
348
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ULTRASOUND IN VIVO
AND CARCASS EVALUATION OF SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION
IN ROMANIAN BREED LAMBS
Cristina LAZĂR*, Mihail Al. GRAS, Rodica PELMUS and Elena GHIŢĂ
Laboratory of Animal Biology, INCDBNA, National Research-Development Institute
for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
Keywords: ultrasound, Longissimus dorsi, carcass quality
Introduction. The ultrasound method has the advantage of being non-invasive in aggreement
with EU regulations on animal welfare and comfort. Ultrasound was used to improve meat
evaluation by accurate measurements in most species (Greiner, 2010; Teixeira, 2006). The
use of ultrasound, besides body weight and carcass parameters, improved muscle weight
expression on meat evaluation.
Aims. The aims of this study were improving carcass evaluation using noninvasive ultrasound
in order to select the best animals for reproduction.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted on 12 lambs of Teleorman Black Head
(TBH) breed, reared on farm from Teleorman County. Body weight was measured at birth
and on 2.5 months, in order to determine the average daily gains. Evaluation of lamb was
done by ultrasound recording fat thicknees, muscle depth, eye muscle area, and eye muscle
perimeter on Longissimus dorsi in two measurement places.
Results. In this study we compared ultrasound with carcass measurments in order to evaluate
lamb meat quality. Lambs body weight on birth was 3.36 kg and 22.84 kg on 2.5 month.
Average daily gain was 0.268 kg. By ultrasound method, we determined fat thickness of 2.21
and 2.03 mm, the muscle depth of 20.8 and 19.54 mm and the eye muscle area of 8.93 and
8.71cm2. Lambs were slaughtered and carcass parameters were determined: commercial yield
and slaughter yield with 51.66% and 45.32%. Meat to bone ratio was 2.068:1. Meat
commercial cuts were determined and leg, loin, rack represented 33.3%, 7.63% and 13.43%
from the carcass.
Conclusion. Strong correlations exist between ultrasound and carcass measurements.
Ultrasound obtained results indicated a great potential for meat reflected in carcass parameters
and this might be an option for meat evaluation.
References
1. Greiner S.P., Rouse G.H., Wilson D.E., Cundiff L.V. and Wheeler T.L. (2010). The
relationship between ultrasound measurements and carcass fat thickness and Longissimus
muscle area in beef cattle. J. An. Sci. 88: 1341-1348.
2. Teixeira A., Matos S., Rodrigues S., Delfa R., Cadavez V. (2006). In vivo estimation of
lamb carcass composition by real-time ultrasonography. Meat Sci. 74: 289–295.
349
RESEARCH REGARDING THE EVOLUTION
OF FRESHNESS STATE OF EUROPEAN CATFISH MEAT
STORED IN REFRIGERATED FORM
Emanuel MĂGDICI* Cătălin E. NISTOR, Ionuţ B. PAGU,
Mădălina I. IORDACHE, Aida ALBU, Gabriel V. HOHA and Benone PĂSĂRIN
Keywords: European catfish, refrigeration, freshness state, storage
Introduction. Fish meat has remarkable sensorial qualities and a very good nutritive value,
the main problem being its lower preservation (Usturoi et al., 2009). Refrigeration in chilled
air current is one of the most frequent methods for preservation utilized in fish industry
(Ionescu et al., 2006). Optimal interval for storage of preserved fish meat through this method
could vary function of many parameters, the most important being the technological and
biological ones (Iurca, 2008).
Aims. The current research aims to establish the optimal storage time under refrigerated form
of European catfish meat (Silurus glanis), processed as skinless filets.
Materials and Methods. The studied breed is represented by European catfish (Silurus
glanis) with a mean corporal mass around the value of 2000g. Freshness state of filets was
evaluated during 16 days, through sensorial, physical and chemical analysis.
Results. Sensorial analysis shows the fact the refrigerated European catfish filets are suitable
from freshness state till day 12. The obtained values for pH and NH3 place the analyzed
samples as being fresh in the same interval, almost fresh in day 14 and altered at the end of
storage period, day 16.
Conclusion. The current study highlight that European catfish filets gathered from individuals
with a corporal mass around 2000 g, keep their qualitative features which allow
commercialization and consumption for a period of around 12-13 days from the start of
refrigeration in air flow.
References
1. Usturoi M.G., Păsărin B., Boişteanu P.C., Fotea Lenuţa (2009). Industrializarea peştelui, Ed.
Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi.
2. Ionescu Aurelia (2006). Procesarea industrială a peştelui, Ed. Fundaţiei Universitare
Dunărea de Jos, Galaţi.
3. Iurca I.M. (2008). Tehnologia cărnii şi subproduse din peşte, Ed. ICPIAF, Cluj-Napoca.
350
HISTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT AN INTESTINAL LEVEL
IN LAYING QUAILS FED WITH FODDERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH
DIFFERENT ADDITIVES (SEL-PLEX, ACTIGEN AND BIO-MOS)
Teodor I. MĂLDĂRĂŞANU1*, Aurel ŞARA1,
Mihai BENŢEA1 and Cǎlina CREŢA2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, Romania
2
National Institute of Public Health, Romania
*Corresponding author, e-mail: măldărăş[email protected]
Keywords: intestinal villi, microvilli, laying quails, organic Selenium, Sel-Plex, Bio-Mos,
Actigen
Introduction. Research carried out globally regarding the find of safer and healthier
alternatives to antibiotic based growth promoters in intensive rearing systems resulted in the
obtaining of some organic additives, here belonging prebiotics (Bio-Mos and Actigen) and
also the organic mineral salts like the organic Selenium (Sel-Plex).
Aims. The aim of this paper was to observe and highlight the possible influence of prebiotics
(BioMos and Actigen) and organic Selenium (Sel-Plex), administered in the feeds of laying
quails, on the intestinal mucosa and the impact it has on the production and consumption
performances of the laying quails.
Materials and Methods. The research has been carried out on 132 laying quails, assigned to
4 groups, each group consisting of 33 birds; a control group fed with combined fodder
without any additives and 3 experimental groups fed with additives supplemented fodders Actigen (0.08%) in experimental group 1, Bio-Mos (0.12%) in experimental group 2 and
organic Selenium (Sel-Plex –0.04%) in experimental group 3. The experimental period was
26 weeks (from the age of 6 weeks until the age of 32 weeks). The lying quails were
individually weighted at the beginning, at the middle and at the end of the experimental
period. The main histological investigations were carried out at the end of the experimental
period and consisted of the determination of the villi height, microvilli height and the
intestinal absorption surface; also the body mass evolution, laying intensity and feed
conversion were monitored. The birds in all the groups were kept in the same rearing
conditions, throughout the entire experimental period.
Results. The dietary supplementation of feeds for lying quails using prebiotics (Bio-Mos and
Actigen) and organic Selenium (Sel-Plex) led to a higher final body weight and the
improvement of the laying intensity and feed conversion. By using these tree additives, an
increase in height was recorded both for the villi and the microvilli thus increasing the
nutrient absorption surface leading to superior production indices in all the experimental
groups, compared to the control group.
Conclusion. The recorded results confirm the positive influence of the used prebiotics (BioMos and Actigen) and organic Selenium (Sel-Plex) on the intestinal mucosa by increasing the
nutrient absorption surface thus explaining the improvement of the production performances
and feed conversion in all the experimental groups.
351
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BEE POLLEN
ETHANOLIC AND METHANOLIC EXTRACTS ON
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIAL STRAIN
Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1*,
Bogdan GHERMAN1, Flore CHIRILĂ2 and Otilia BOBIŞ1
1
2
Department of Microbiology (Veterinary Medicine),
Keywords: antimicrobial activity, bee pollen, ethanolic extract, methanol extract
Introduction. Bee pollen is consumed for api-therapeutical, nutritional and medicinal
properties (Abouda et al., 2011). The therapeutically action of this product of the hive has
been attributed to several compounds like phenolics, carotenoids, fatty acids and vitamins,
having also antioxidant activity (Carpes et al., 2007).
Aims. The aim of this study was the in vitro testing of different extraction solvents (methanol,
ethanol) for bee pollen, against Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain.
Materials and Methods. Bee pollen was freshly harvested and immediately placed at –18oC.
Two different extraction solvents were used: ethanol and methanol, in three different dilutions
(60, 70, 80%). 5%, 10% and 15% pollen concentration in each solvent solution were carried
out to determine the most efficient variant, possessing the highest antibacterial activity. For
antibacterial activity determination, the disc diffusion method was used in this study. Stock
culture of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was grown in Nutrient Broth at 37ºC for 24h in a
shaker.
Results. The inhibition zones were different, according to the extraction solvent used and also
the pollen concentration. Methanolic extract (70%) of 15% pollen have the biggest inhibition
diameter. Negative controls (methanol and ethanol) did not show an inhibitory effect on the
tested bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, while positive control (Streptomycin) has the highest
antimicrobial activity.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we concluded that the methanolic extract 70% with
15% bee pollen concentration present the higher inhibition zone.
References
1. Abouda Z., Zerdani I., Kalalou I., Faid M. and Ahami M.T. (2011). The antibacterial
activity of Maroccan beebread and bee-pollen (fresh and dried) against pathogenic
bacteria. Research Journal of Microbiology 6(4): 376-384.
2. Carpes S.T., Begnini R., de Alencar S.M. and Masson M.L. (2007). Study of preparation
of bee pollen extracts, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Cienc.Agrotec. 31(6): 18181825.
352
ETHNOZOOTECHNY -A COMPONENT OF GEOECONOMY
Marcel MATIUTI1*, Alexandru T. BOGDAN2 and Carmen MATIUTI3
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania
2
Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
3
Technical College Azur Timisoara, Romania
Keywords: eco-bioeconomy, economic intelligence, ethozootechny, geoeconomy,
territorial capital
Introduction. The multicultural Banat Euroregion is a well defined space in terms of its
geography, climate, economy, culture and also animal raising. Little Europe, as it used to be
called, can easily become, through its position and relief, one of he most competitive
Danubian regions in agriculture.
Aims. The geoeconomy concept is relatively new and it belongs to an American economist
and historian, E. Luttwak. It represents a branch of international relations, being positioned at
the intersection between economic sciences and geopolitics and thus being an
pluridisciplinary subject (Lorot, 2013). Studying the relation between man-animalenvironment, ethnozootechny offers information regarding the breeds, which are raised in
Banat, the lifestyle of various rural communities, supporting the geoeconomic strategy in the
Euroregion. Geoeconomy aims at raising the economic competitiveness in Banat.
Materials and Methods. This paper is based on the results obtained over the course of many
years of scientific research conducted by the authors. These are added to the information
gathered from de Transylvanian Rare Breeds Association database.
Results. In order to develop eco-bioeconomically during the 2014-2030 period, the Banat
region must be interested in forming a rural web network so that it has its own soft power. For
this, the ethnozootechy studies are very important because they facilitate a conjunction
between farmers and the main actors interfering in their lives, the state institutions and the
agrifood industry. The first thing that needs to be done is to get to know the territorial capital
of Banat. We have to identity the pillars that can influence the „creative zootechny” orientated
towards environment-friendly technologies. Economic intelligence promotes the solutions for
maintaining domestic biodiversity, offering the necessary tools for obtaining the information,
which allows anticipating and defending the economic interests of the farmers (1). This is
where the role of the rural web comes into place, because its information can be used in
economic development projects. The regeneration of the Banat zootechny can be done by the
work of complementary factors: farmers, public actors, entrepreneurs and the academia.
Conclusion. One of the solutions to success of the geoeconomic strategy in Banat is a rural
web network. In this way it appears the territorial economic intelligence, in the context of
globally Type for capital territorial.
References
1. Ferradou A. (2014). Comment promouvoir l’inteligence economique de l’ANAJ_INEDIN
www. Portail de l’IE.
2. Lorot P. (2013). La Geoeconomie, nouvelle grammaire des rivalites internationals, www.
Diplomatie.gouv.fr.
353
THE EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF SOYBEAN MEAL
WITH LUPINE SEED (Lupinus albus vr. ENERGY)
ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS
IN TURKEYS
Daniel MIERLIŢĂ*
Department of Animal Science, University of Oradea, Romania
Keywords: alkaloid-free lupine, protein, turkey
Introduction. In context of both the ban of animal origin flours in poultry feed and the high
price of soy products and sub-products, lupine beans may represent a promising alternative
for providing from domestic production the plant protein in poultry feeding in our country.
Climatic conditions of our country provide the prerequisites for obtaining a lupine seeds
production, which would be adequate from both quality and quantitative points of view
(Mierlita, 2013).
Aims. Our research aimed at verifying to what extent soybean grits in turkey broilers can be
replaced partially by alkaloids-free lupine beans, while monitoring the effect of the alternative
sources of protein on production performance, carcass quality and economic efficiency.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized
experimental field which consisted of four treatments, involving a control diet consisting of
corn-soy grits (CL) and three experimental diet meals (E1, E2 and E3) to which the proteins
from the soybean grits were replaced with alkaloids-free lupine flour: i.e. 20% (in the case of
lot E1), 30% (in the case of lot E2), and 40% (in the case of lot E3), respectively; thus the
lupine seeds substituted up to 77% (during the 0-3 weeks step), 81% (during the 3-9 weeks
step), 97% (during the 9-12 weeks step) and 100% (after 12 weeks until slaughter), of the
protein provided by soy grits.
Results. Substituting protein from soy grits in turkey broilers meals by including alkaloidsfree white lupine seeds in the combined fodder structure by up to 30% has no negative effect
on: weight gain, degree of food use, slaughter and carcass quality indices. Including lupine in
turkey broilers food and reducing the soy grits had both a positive influence on key economic
indicators. Thus, when compared with the control lot (CL), in the case of the experimental
lots, the price of one kg of combined fodder fell by 14.02%, and the expenses with fodder
implied by gaining in weight by one kg had dropped by 10.78%.
Conclusion. Our findings underpin the necessity and the opportunity to cultivate and use
alkaloids-free lupine seeds in turkey broiler meals in the proportion of 30% in fodder
structure.
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by UEFISCDI.
354
RESEARCH ON THE INCIDENCE, ANATOMICAL-CLINICAL,
PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PANEL IN AN OUTBREAK
OF CNEMIDOCOPTIC SCABIES OF THE LEGS IN LAYING HENS
Octavian NEGREA1, Camelia RĂDUCU1*, Vioara MIREŞAN1,
Mirela CADAR1, Octavia NEGREA2 and Aurelia COROIAN1
1
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Keywords: scabies, itching, crusting, hyperkeratosis
Introduction. Cnemidocoptic scab, as serious part of arachnids, affects many species of birds,
domestic and wild. The presence of disease in flocks, particularly laying hens, appears on the
body or the legs and cause serious clinical anatomical disturbances in the form of itchy-crusted
dermatitis, hyperkeratosis deplumation or with splayed legs. Birds have restlessness with
decreased feeding time producing great economic damage by reducing the production of eggs and
carcasses depreciation.
Aims. We proposed an epizootic study, anatomical-clinical and prophylactic-therapeutic in an
outbreak of cnemidocoptic scabies legs laying hens in traditional rural household.
Materials and Methods. Research on the incidence of cnemidocoptic scabies, anatomical and
clinical picture and therapeutic applied protocol were conducted during May-June 2014, on 31
poultry (27 laying hens and 4 roosters), in a rural household. Number under study consists of
laying hens, common race, 1-2 years age, grown and maintained inside the household and based
on concentrated feed (corn, wheat) and full access to grass. Anatomical examination was
performed clinically by inspection to detect diseases (congestive lesions, itching, scratching,
scabs). The birds suspected of feet scabies (7 cases) were taken individually by scraping with a
scalpel the pathological material in sterile test tubes, which were then processed for the diagnosis
as microscopic preparations.
Results. Anatomic and clinical examination conducted on birds captured at different stages of disease
progression, from early forms, less expressive (3 cases, 43.0%) to severe forms with dermatoses
extremely itchy deforming productive in the tarso-metatarsal–phalange (4 cases, 570%). It revealed
an incidence of parasites with different values depending on the category of production, 14.8% in
laying hens and 75.5% in roosters. Histological sections made from pathological material taken from
hen with serious injuries cnemidocoptic scabies, highlights at the epidermis level lesions of acanthosis,
hyperkeratosis and lesions with sponginess and spinous layer cells around the parasite appears limiting
thick layer of keratin.
Conclusion. Following therapeutic applied protocol (Ivermectin, subcutaneous inoculation of 0.5
mln axillary region) an improvement was present, progressive anatomical and clinical picture,
visible from day 7 post-treatment.
References
1. Bala A.Y., Anca S.A., Waziri A., Shehu H. (2011). Preliminary survey of Ectoparasites
infesting chikens in four areas of Sokoto Metropolis, Depart of Biol Sc Usmanu Danfodiyo
Univ, Sokoto, 173-177.
2. Cozma V., Negrea O., Gherman C. (2007). Diagnosticul bolilor parazitare la animale. Edit.
Genesis, Cluj-Napoca.
355
RESEARCH REGARDING MINERAL CONTENT
OF RAINBOW TROUT MEAT DIFFERENTIALLY FEED
Ionuţ B. PAGU*, Cătălin E. NISTOR, Emanuel MĂGDICI,
Alin C. BARBACARIU, Ciprian POLENSCHI and Benone PĂSĂRIN
Keywords: meat, musculature, minerals, rainbow trout
Introduction. In fish rearing and development and important role is reserved to environment
because in aquatic environment could be found different substances necessary for growing
and development of organism (Jara et al., 1999). Rainbow meat contains important quantities
of minerals, which are essential for human health (Przybyl et al., 1997). Rainbow trout meat
content in minerals is influenced by a series of factors such as: breed, season, age and
alimentation (Luczynska et al., 2006).
Aims. The current paper aimed to highlight the way in which the administrated feed influence
the rainbow trout meat in minerals.
Material and Methods. Biological material was represented by a number of 30 individuals of
rainbow trout of different ages. Qualitative determinations for calcium, zinc, sodium and
magnesium were realized using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Shimadzu AA-6300,
and determination of phosphorous in rainbow trout meat was realized by spectrophotometer.
Results. In according with the obtained data, from those five analyzed minerals, the highest
mean values were founded for phosphorous (P), which were between 110.46 and 225.40
mg/kg-1, and on the last rank was situated zinc (Zn) with mean values which varied between
0.74 and0.99 mg/kg-1.
Conclusion. Mean content in mineral substances in rainbow trout meat was of 1.1-1.2%, trout
meat being considered an important source for phosphorous and calcium.
References
1. Jara Z., Chodyniecki A. (1999). Ichtopatologia [Ichthyopathology]. Wyd. Akademii
Rolniczej we Wroclawiu, 478.
2. Luczynska J., Markiewicz K., Jaworski J. (2006). Inter-specific differences in the contents
of macro- and microelements in the muscles of six fish species from lakes of the Olsztyn
Lake District (North-East Poland) - Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 15/56(1): 29-35.
3. Przybyl A., Koligot A. (1997). The role of mineral components in the animal nutrition. I.
Macroelements - Prz. Ryb. 2: 48-52 (in Polish).
356
THE PRODUCTIVE RESPONSE
OF HENS EXPOSED TO HEAT STRESS
Monica PÂRVU*, Ioana C. ANDRONIE,
Violeta E. SIMION and Adriana AMFIM
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania
Keywords: heat stress, hens, parent stock
Introduction. The environmental stress has been implicated in adverse marked effects on egg
production and eggshell quality of hens. Reports have indicated that poor performances of
layers reared in heat stress could be determined by a complex interplay of low feed intake,
malfunctioning of the endocrine system and poor physiological functioning of organs and
mechanisms connected with the entire egg production process (Oguntunji and Alabi, 2010).
The action of environmental factors is different varying with the species, breeds or hybrids
(Yahav, 1998).
Aims. Starting from these considerations, our investigation monitored the influence of heat on
the productive capacity of three hen breeds widely used in Romania to obtain the commercial
hybrids used for egg and meat production.
Materials and Methods. The experiments were conducted on three groups (White Leghorn,
Rhode Island and White Plymouth Rock). Each group has 4210 hens aged 31 weeks (peak
egg production). The experimental period was 4 weeks. The hens were breeding on the floor.
Starting at age 32 weeks, the environmental temperature was 34.4–36.4°C, into the hall. There
were monitored the following productive parameters: feed intake, laying rate, egg weight, and
shell thickness. The performance data were processed statistically by ANOVA.
Results. The laying rate decreased with 10.4% at White Leghorn, 6.1% at Rhode Island Red,
and 5.8% at White Plymouth Rock (p≤0.05). The egg weight decreased with 3-3.2 g to all
groups. The shell thickness was lower with 0.07 mm at White Leghorn, 0.04 mm at Rhode
Island and 0.03 mm at White Plymouth Rock. The lower egg quality established a decrease of
eggs for incubation.
Conclusion. White Leghorn breed was more affected by the heat exposure, because the
productive parameters production had a drastic decline. In this breed, mortality was
determined by cannibalism and internal hemorrhages.
References
1. Oguntunji A.O. and Alabi O.M. (2010). Influence of high environmental temperature on
egg production and shell quality: a review, World's Poultry Science Journal, Vol. 66,
Issue 04, December 2010, 739-750.
2. Yahav S. (1998). Physiological responses of chickens and turkey to hot climate, 10th
European Poultry Conference Jerusalem Israel June 21-26, 1998.
357
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
OF SILKWORM EGGS
Ioan PAŞCA1, Emilia M. FURDUI2*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2, Dan DEZMIREAN2,
Dana PUSTA1, Adrian CÎMPEAN1, Mihai BORZAN1 and Adrian MACRI1
1
Department Department II-Animal production and Food safety,
University of Agriculture Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department II-Department of Technological Sciences,
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, UASVM Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords: biological character, Bombyx mori, breeds, monovoltine, silkworm
Introduction. The silkworm Bombyx mori L. is a domesticated insect considered as a
reference in several domains (Mauchamp et al., 2008). The theoretical and practical
importance of the silkworms is shown in many studies (Nagaraju et al., 1996; Kipriotis et al.,
1999; Sudhakara et al., 2003; Vassileva et al., 2004; Petkov et al., 1998; Matei et al., 2002;
2005).
Aims. This study was conducted to compare four monovoltine breeds of Romanian silkworm,
bred in specific Transylvania conditions, in different years (2001 and 2008), to see if there is a
major difference between the biological characters of eggs belonging to those breeds in time.
Materials and Methods. For both 2001 and 2008 years, four breeds: AC29, AC, B1 and AB
of Bombyx mori (eggs) were obtained from SC SERICAROM (Bucharest, Romania), were
assuring the same microclimate conditions. In total per data set of each year were 16 variants
because each of the breed were growth in four variants, for more complete results of analyzed
samples.
Results. The evaluation was made on the base of indices used for classified biological
characters of silkworm eggs, comparative data shows that, between the same breeds growth in
different years there is no significant difference. According to biological characteristics, the
study allowed us to make a classification of the analyzed breeds.
Conclusion. In the present research, we demonstrated that biological characters of silkworm
eggs were well preserved and there are no significant variations between both set of data
taken in study.
References
1. Mauchamp B., Royer C., Chavancy G. (2008). The silkworm Bombyx mori an insect in
continuous metamorphosis- Seristech- Proceeding of the first international conference
“sericiculture-from tradition to modern biotechnology”, AcademicPres Cluj-Napoca, 15.
2. Nagaraju J., Raje Urs, Datta R.K. (1996). Cross breeding and heterosis in the silkworm,
Bombyx mori, A review. Sericologia 36, 1-20.
358
DEGRADATION DEGREE OF POLYPHENOLS DEPENDING
ON DRYING TEMPERATURE OF THE GRAPE POMACE
Silvia M. PASCARIU1, Ioan M. POP1*, Aida ALBU1 and Rodica PAŞA2
1
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agricultural Sciences
and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, Romania
2
Research and Development Station for Viticulture and Wine Science, Iaşi, Romania
Keywords: anthocyanins, grape pomace, totals polyphenols, tannins
Introduction. Grape pomace provides a rich source of polyphenols, which have the capacity
to act as powerful antioxidants. Grape pomace has been used mainly in ruminant feed as a
source of fiber and for broiler chickens as a source of antioxidants. Because of the water
content of the grape pomace a drying process is necessary to store this raw material and allow
a further use in animal feeding. It has been proved that the polyphenols from grape pomace
are discomposed during the drying process. Previous studies suggest that the content of
polyphenols did not decrease too much until 60oC, but are decreasing greatly at 100oC
(Larrauri, 1997).
Aims. Taking into consideration the incertitude of polyphenols thermal degradation, the aim
of this study was to identify the polyphenols degree of degradation during the drying step at
different temperatures. At the same time, the study wanted to determine the degradation trend
line for the investigated polyphenols fractions.
Materials and Methods. Red grape pomace (Black Maiden) from the same source was dried
at room temperature (20°C), at 38°C and 50°C, in oven for five days. The total content of
polyphenols (TP), tannins (Ta) and anthocyanins (An) was determined by different
colorimetric methods.
Results. Our data reveal a significant degradation of the TP and An for all the three thermal
variants, meaning that the increasing temperature is direct proportional with the degree of
degradation. The Ta and non-casein precipitation polyphenols show a high degree of
correlation, but with significant differences just between 20 and 38°C. Probably the lack of
significant differences after 38°C, is determined by the thermal fragmentation of the polymer
chain (Ta), that make this fragments unable to precipitate with casein, an important proportion
of Ta being affected by the first shock of heat. The correlation within Ta and non-casein
precipitation polyphenols is the result of passage of the truncated Ta chains in non-casein
precipitation polyphenols fraction.
Conclusion. The drying and storing process is an important step for grape pomace usage as a
feed additive because we demonstrated that the Ta presents a high level of degradation
especially between 20 and 38°C.
References
1. Larrauri J.A., Ruperez P. and Saura Calixto F. (1997). Effect of drying temperature on the
stability of polyphenols and antioxidants activity of red grape pomace peels. Journal of
Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45 (4), 1390-1393
359
A STUDY OF NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN AN INTEGRATED
STELLATE STURGEON AND SPINACH AQUAPONIC SYSTEM
WITH DIFFERENT CROP DENSITIES
Ştefan M. PETREA1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lorena DEDIU1, Feng LIU2,
Maria CONTOMAN1, Paul LUPOAE3, Alina ANTACHE1 and Alexandru C. BANDI1
1
Environmental Science and Cadastre Department, University”Dunărea de Jos” Galati, Romania
2
PR China Xiaoshuan ZHANG - China Agricultural University, PR China
3
Natural Sciences Museum Complex Galaţi, Botanical Garden, Romania
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Keywords: integrated aquaponics, nitrogen, removal rates, spinach, stellate sturgeon.
Introduction. Obtaining and maintaining a healthy, productive aquaponic system requires
intensive scientific research, monitoring and also adjustments, when necessary.
Aims. To quantify the nitrogen budget for a stellate sturgeon – spinach integrated LECA
grow bed aquaponic system, where three plants densities were used.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was made in triplicate using a 12 aquaponic units
LECA grow bed aquaponic system. Three crops densities were used (V1–59 crops/m2, V2–48
crops/m2 and V3–39 crops/m2 and V4–no crops, only with LECA grow bed). Fish were fed
with 41% brute protein feed, at an average feeding ratio of 1.75% of total biomass. Water
samples were taken and analyzed by using photometric methods (Merck kits). The stellate
sturgeon meat, spinach and also feces nitrogen content was determined by Kjeldahl method.
Results. Differences between the removal rates for each of the three variants of tested crops
densities were significant higher (p<0.05) at V1 compared to V3 and also higher at all three
variants comparing them to the control variant. The amount of ammonium removal rates from
biofilter and LECA grow bed was significant (p<0.05). Also, differences between spinach
nitrogen compositions from V3 compared to V1 were found significant higher (p<0.05). The
nitrogen content from fish meat and fish feces was found to be within normal limits, appear
also in the literature.
Conclusion. Considering the nitrite and nitrate concentrations, only spinach grown in
aquaponic conditions, as presented above, at densities of 59 crops/m2, is marketable. Also, it
can be concluded that spinach growth in LECA grow bed aquaponic systems have a higher
nitrogen content, comparing with the one growth using floating rafts technique.
360
THE NITRATE AND NITRITE LEVELS FROM BOTH
SPINACH AND STELLATE STURGEON MEAT IN
AN AQUAPONIC INTEGRATED SYSTEM
Ştefan M. PETREA1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lorena DEDIU1, Feng LIU2, Paul LUPOAE3,
Alina ANTACHE1, Alexandru C. BANDI1 and Marian T. COADĂ1
1
Environmental Science and Cadastre Department, University “Dunărea de Jos” Galati, Romania
2
PR China Xiaoshuan ZHANG - China Agricultural University, PR China
3
Natural Sciences Museum Complex Galaţi, Botanical Garden, Romania
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Keywords: aquaponics, nitrate, nitrite, spinach, stellate sturgeon.
Introduction. Integrated aquaponic systems represent a viable solution for the continuing
upward trend of humanity demands, as long as the balance between productivity and final
products quality and biosecurity is found.
Aims. To identify the quality, in terms of nitrite and nitrate concentrations, of both spinach
and stellate sturgeon meat, obtained under different culture densities (spinach) and feeding
regimes (stellate sturgeon), in an integrated aquaponic system.
Materials and Methods. The experiment on spinach was made in triplicate, by using 3
stocking densities: (V1–59 crops/m2, V2–48 crops/m2 and V3–39 crops/m2). A 9 media grow
bed hydroponic modules (LECA) and a 4 fish rearing units RAS were integrated, forming the
integrated aquaponic experimental system. Fish were divided in 4 groups and were fed with
41% brute protein feed, at the following rations: F1-2.21%; F2-1.85%; F3-1.64% and F41.28% of total biomass. Chemical analyses concerning nitrite and nitrate levels were made on
5 samples, by using Griess method - STAS 9065: 2002.
Results. A statistical significant difference (p<0.05) was recorded between V1 and V3, in
terms of both nitrates and nitrites concentrations. Also, higher nitrite and nitrate
concentrations were observed on spinach grown under aquaponic conditions, comparing with
spinach derived from field culture. Differences between F1 and F3, F4 nitrite and nitrate
concentrations we observed to be significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion. Considering the nitrite and nitrate concentrations, spinach grown in aquaponic
conditions, as presented above, at densities of 59 crops/m2 and 4 crops/m2, is marketable.
Also, the level of fish meat nitrites and nitrates, from all 4 experimental variants, did not
exceed the safety limits for human consumption.
361
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN-ANIMAL POSITIVE
INTERACTION IN DOGS – REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Denisa POP1*, Alina S. RUSU2, Vlad POP-VANCIA1, Ionel PAPUC3,
Radu CONSTANTINESCU1 and Vioara MIREŞAN1*
1
Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Sciences
and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department of Special Education, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Departament of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences
*Corresponding authors, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: blood pressure, hormones, human-animal interaction
Introduction. Positive human-animal interactions (HAI) are known to increase the quality of
life of both humans and dogs. Beetz et al. (2012) reviewed the benefits of positive HAI on
humans, such as: reduction of stress-related parameters, improvement of mental and physical
health, improvements in behavior and mood etc. Positive interaction is seen as a ”...behavior
that is mutually beneficial” (Odendaal, 2000) so, during the last 15 years, several studies have
indicated that, in many aspects, especially at behavioral level, the welfare of dogs is also
improving.
Aims. Although there are several reviews on the benefits of HAI on physiological effects and
mechanisms in humans, there are no reviews on the physiological effects of positive HAI on
dogs. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a review of the articles indicating those
physiological changes in dogs during and after the positive interactions with humans.
Materials and Methods. The scientific papers measuring the physiological changes in dogs
during and after positive HAI were reviewed (period of publication: 2000-2014). HAI took
place either in the laboratory context or in natural settings, such as Animal Assisted Therapy
(AAT) locations or dog shelters. The dogs interacted either with their owners, with a familiar
person or with an unfamiliar person. The measured physiological variables were the level of
blood pressure and the levels of several hormones.
Results. The studies indicated that positive HAI was usually associated with a significant
decrease in blood pressure and in the levels of cortisol, as well as with a significant increase
in the levels of b-endorphin, oxytocin, prolactin, phenylacetic acid and dopamine.
Conclusion. The present review indicates that positive HAI is associated with physiological
changes associated with an increased well-being in dogs.
References
1. Beetz A., Uvnäs-Moberg K., Julius H., Kotrschal K. (2012). Psychosocial and psychophysiological effects of human-animal interactions: the possible role of oxytocin. Front
Psychol., 3, 1-15.
2. Odendaal J.S.J. (2000). Animal-assisted therapy –magic or medicine? Journal of
Psychosom. Res., 48, 275–80.
362
GENETIC PARAMETERS ESTIMATES FOR MILK YIELD,
MILK QUALITY AND MOZZARELLA PRODUCTION
IN ROMANIAN BUFFALO
Răzvan POPA1*, Dana POPA1, Livia VIDU1, Cristiana DIACONESCU1,
Vasile BĂCILĂ1, Adrian BOTA2 and Dorel DRONCA3
1
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agronomic Science
and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania.
2
The Research and Development Station for Buffalos Breeding Sercaia, Brasov County, Romania
3
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Timisoara, Romania.
Keywords: buffalo, genetic parameters, milk yield, milk quality, mozzarella production
Introduction. In Romania, the buffalo entered with the invasion of the Huns and Avars in the
Carpatho-Danubian area. He found the good pedo-climatic conditions and so, in our country,
has developed a buffalo population, which had its own evolutionary path as a result of
reproductive isolation (Vidu et al., 2008). The Romanian Buffalo is one of the most important
genetic resources for milk and meat production. In this respect, it is very important to develop
efficient breeding programs to improve population for characters associated with these
productions.
Aims. The first step in developing breeding programs is to establish the population status. The
objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for milk yield, fat and protein milk
content and "mozzarella" index.
Materials and Methods. A total 609 milk yield and associated characters records, belonging
to 87 females, which coming from 11 sire families, for 7 lactations were analyzed. The
studied traits were: milk yield per lactation, milk fat and protein content, and ''mozzarella"
index. The method used for genetic parameters estimates was REML.
Results. There was a large variability in all analyzed traits. Estimated heritability was small to
medium for all examined traits. The milk yield is negatively correlated with fat and protein
content, and weak positive with "mozzarella" index. Fat and protein milk content are high
positive correlated with mozzarella production. These results are partly similar to those
reported by Rosati and Van Vlek (2002), Sarubbi et al. (2012), etc.
Conclusion. In the log term, the female selection for milk yield will be to the detriment of
quality. Genetic improvement of the quantity of mozzarella will be made only on account of
milk constituents that impart its quality. According to heritability values, in the process of
female genetic evaluation appears advisable to use additional information sources in order to
increase the accuracy of selection.
References
1. Rosati A., Van Vleck, L.D. (2002). Estimation of genetic parameters for milk, fat, protein
and Mozzarella cheese production for the Italian River buffalo Bubalis bubalis population.
Livest Prod. Sci. 74: 185-190.
2. Sarrubi F. et al. (2012). Milk Yield and Quality to Estimate Genetic Parameters in Buffalo
Cows. Journal of Buffalo Sci., 1, 102-106.
3. Vidu Livia, Popa R., Gras M. (2008). Stadiul, directiile si obiectivele ameliorării
bubalinelor în România. Ed. ALPHA MDN.
363
INFLUENCING FACTORS OF THE EXPORT
OF ROMANIAN BEE PRODUCTS
Anca A. POPOVICI1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1,
Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1 and Marioara ILEA2
1
2
Faculty of Horticulture,
Keywords: bee products, distribution channels, diversification, entrepreneurship, export
Introduction. Honey, pollen, propolis and beeswax are simultaneously food and medicine
with high biological value for human consumption (Mărghitaş, 2005). If beekeepers intend to
export products directly, they must choose their target markets and the most effective
distribution channels.
Aims. The present study fills a gap in the literature by identifying the factors that influence
the export of Romanian bee products.
Materials and Methods. The data within the present study were collected through a survey
on a sample of 420 beekeepers from the North-West Region of Romania. The present study
identifies what mainly triggers the decision to export bee products by testing the association
between several variables and the export of bee products using Pearson χ2 (Chi square) test.
Results. The results of the present study emphasize the fact that there is a significant
connection between the export of bee products and the following factors: intention to set up a
beekeeping firm, modernization of the farm, product diversification, collaboration, belonging
to producer groups, type of beekeeping farm and farm size.
Conclusion. The findings of the current study are consistent with those that state that there is
a positive association between entrepreneurship and export performance (Okpara, 2009).
Beekeepers who intend to enter new markets and export their products should undertake an
entrepreneurial behavior and diversify their offer of products, findings which complement the
scientific literature which states that product adaptation strategy is positively associated with
export performance (Calantone, 2006).
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project POSDRU/159/
1.5/S/132765.
References
1. Couto J.P.A., Tiago M.T.B, Vieira J.C. and Fortuna, M.A. (2006). Contextual and
operational determinants of export performance of companies in Europe. The Business
Review. 5(1): 145-154.
364
COMPETITION JUMPING HORSES: EFFECTS OF AGE, SEX
AND BREED ON THE FEI/WBFSH WORLD RANKING
Anca ROMAN-POPOVICI*, Dan SUMOVSCHI and Ioan GÎLCĂ
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
„Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iaşi, Romania
Keywords: breed, jumping, ranking, sport horses, warm blood
Introduction. The breed, age and sex of the horses are all important factors in determining
the future rank in international high level show jumping competition and this is the reason
why we choose to analyze these factors.
Aims. The objective of this study was to analyze the differences between the top jumping
horses in the world regarding breed, sex and age, and to investigate the impact of these factors
on the average number of FEI points gained in the last year.
Materials and Methods. For this research we examine the first 103 jumping horses from
FEI&WBFSH World Ranking List for Jumping Horses April 2014, divided in 6 groups for
breed variable and 3 groups for sex and age variables.
Results. The results show that 82.5% of the horses have between 10 and 14 years, 10.7%
have less than 10 years and only 6.8% have more than 15 years. For breed variable the results
show that 36.9% of the horses belong to warm blood breeds from Germany (31.6% HOLST,
18.4% OLDBG, 18.4% WESTF, 15.8% HANN, 7.9% ZANG, 5.3% BRAND and 2.6%
Thuringer), 23.3% belong to warm blood breeds from Belgium (79.2% BWP and 20.8%
SBS), 18.4% belong to warm blood breeds from The Nederland (94.7% KWPN and 5.3%
NRPS), 9.7% belong to warm blood breeds from Great Britain (70% AES, 20% ISH and 10%
SSH), 8.7% belong to warm blood breeds from France (100% SF) and 2.9% belong to warm
blood breeds from Sweden (100% SWB). The average number of FEI points gain in the last
year was evaluated as not being significantly different (p>0.05) for any of the variable
considered for this study.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that for performance in show
jumping competition at the highest levels it is necessary a horse from a sport breed with a
strict selection and not one from a traditional breed, and that between the principal warm
blood breeds grown in Europe there are no significant differences.
159/1.5/S/132765.
365
PSYCHOSOCIAL CORRELATES OF HUMAN-ANIMAL
AND ADAPTATION ON ROMANIAN LANGUAGE OF
“ATTITUDES TOWARD ANIMALS” QUESTIONNAIRE
(TURNER, 2010)
Alina S. RUSU1*, Ciprian OBER2*, Dennis TURNER3, Vlad C. MUREŞAN1,
Dragoş ILIESCU4 and Andrei D. MIHALCA2
1
Faculty of Psychology and Sciences of Education, Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences
3
Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Switzerland
4
Faculty of Communication and Public Relationship, SNSPA University, Romania
*Corresponding authors, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Keywords: assessment of attitudes to animals human-animal bond, psychological correlates
Introduction. Attitudes to animals play an important role in the process of optimally managing
the human-animal interactions (Turner, 2010). Also, they are known to mediate the successful
implementation of stray and companion animal management programs, as well as of humane
educational programs that aim to increase the awareness toward well being of animals.
Aims. In this study, we aim to adapt for Romanian language usage the Attitudes toward Animals
Questionnaire (AAQ; Turner, 2010) that has been already used on several cultures (Fehlbaum et
al., 2010). Several psychosocial correlates of these attitudes will be investigated, such as: level of
emotional intelligence, preferences toward a species, ownership status and professional
experience with animals (i.e. veterinarians versus non-veterinarians).
Materials and Methods. The original version of AAQ was provided by the author and translated
and back translated by a team of five experts. AAQ consists on 29 items on nature conservation,
wild, farm and companion animals, meat eating, and animal feelings and cognition. AAQ was
administered online, together with the Romanian versions of Pet Attitude Scale-Modified (PASM; Munsell et al., 2004) and of the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I; Bar-On, 1997).
Results. Data were collected from 294 Romanian respondents. Statistical analyses (correlational
analysis, path analysis and GLM analysis) will be performed on all the targeted variables (AAQ,
PAS-M, EQ-i scores, as well as on other socio-emotional variables and demographic data).
Conclusion. Our study will provide a valid instrument to assess the basal level of attitudes toward
animals (AAQ; Turner, 2010) and it will allow to compare our data with similar ones that were
already collected in different cultures (i.e., Brazil, China, Great Britain, Germany, France, India,
Israel, Japan, Jordan, Singapore, Switzerland).
References
1. Fehlbaum B., Waiblinger E., Turner D.C. (2010). A comparison of attitudes towards animals
between the German- and French-speaking part of Switzerland. Schweiz Arch. Tierheilkd.,
152: 285-293.
2. Turner D.C. (2010). Attitudes toward animals: A cross-cultural, international comparison, in:
Manimalis, Stockholm (Hrsg.): Abstract Book, Plenary presentations, 12th International
Conference on Human-Animal Interactions, People & Animals: For Life, 1-4 July 2010.
Stockholm, S. 21.
366
METHODS TO IMPROVE THE NUTRITION OF
BROOK TROUT (Salvelinus fontinalis M.) BY USING
FODDER ADDITIVES (BIO-MOS, NUPRO, SEL-PLEX)
Aurel ŞARA1*, Mihai BENŢEA1, Alina ANI2 and Marin BREJE1
1
3
Alltech Romania
Keywords: fodder additives, brook trout, growth and consumption indices, meat quality,
survival rate
Introduction. Prebiotics and organic minerals are of a great importance in the field of fish
nutrition. The positive effects of Bio-Moss use in salmonid were highlighted by the research
carried out by Staykov et al. (2005). The NuPro protein extract has positive effects on the
production and reproduction performances and health status (Gonzales-Vecino, 2002).
Organic Selenium used in the nutrition of fishes positively influences the growth rate, feed
conversion, meat quality and the health status by decreasing mortalities (Yambo et al., 2006).
Aims. The research aimed to determine the effects of some fodder additives (Bio-Mos, Nupro
and Sel-plex) on growth and consumption indices, meat quality and survival rate in brook
trout.
Materials and Methods. The research has been carried out on a number of 1000 fishes,
randomly distributed in 4 groups (250 fish/group): a control group, group 1E (Bio-Mos 0.2%),
group 2E (NuPro 2%) and group 3E (Sel-plex 0.03%); the experimental period was 250 days.
During the experiment the following parameters were recorded and analyzed: body mass
evolution, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), meat quality and
survival rate.
Results. The best results were recorded in 1E group (Bio-Mos 0.2%), with a body weight of
248.45 g, a weight gain of 228.45 g and a FCR of 1.18 kg fodder/kg weight gain. The high
values of meat Selenium content show the cumulative effect of organic Selenium in the fish
meat; as a result, this meat can be considered a functional food. The highest survival rate was
recorded in 3E group (95.60%), receiving dietary Selenium supplementation.
Conclusion. Considering the recorded results, we can recommend the use of the Bio-Moss
prebiotic (0.2%), organic Selenium SelPlex (0.03%) a protein extract NuPro (2%) in the
nutrition of salmonid fishes, separately, by considering each productive index.
References
1. Gonzales-Vecino J.L (2002). Breakthrough in broodstock nutrition. Seafish Aquaculture:
Marine Finfish News. No. 1, Summer, 4.
2. Staykov Y., Denev S., Spring P. (2005). The effects of mannan oligosaccharide (Bio-Mos)
on the growth rate and immune function of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri irideus G.)
grown in raceways. Lessons from the past to optimise the future, Ed. By Howell and R.
Flos. European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication n.35, June, 429-430.
3. Yambo W., Jianzhong H, Weifen L, Zirong X. (2006). Effect of different selenium source
on groeth performances, glutathione peroxidase activites, muscules composition and
selenium conception of alloghynogenetic crucian carp (Carassus auratus gibelio), Feed
Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
367
MILK PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SAANEN GOATS
RAISED UNDER INTENSIVE CONDITIONS
IN KONYA/ TURKEY PROVINCE
Vahdettin SARIYEL1* and Birol DAĞ2
1
Selcuk University Karapınar Aydoğanlar VHS, Karapınar/KONYA, Turkey
Selcuk University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Zootechnics, Turkey
2
This article has been developed from the doctoral thesis of the first author
Keywords: Fleischman, ICAR, milk yield, repeatability, Saanen
Introduction. Goat breeding milk, meat and leather production in the world in terms of its
importance continues to increase even numerically. Occurring in different parts of world
hunger danger all agricultural products to the least affected as in the protection and the
number of animals per animal must produce more.
Aims. In this research, it is aimed to determine the effects of several environmental factors on
milk yield parameters of Saanen goats raised under intensive conditions in a private farm in
Konya/Turkey province. Lactation milk yield, lactation period, average daily milk yield and
maximum daily milk yield were investigated as milk yield parameters and the repeatability
was estimated for lactation milk yield.
Materials and Methods. For control day milk yield as calculating method was preferred
ICAR, then for each goat lactations milk yield was used Fleischman method in the
calculation.
Results. Lactation milk yields were 268.65±13.14 and 461.55±12.58 kg for 2011 and 2012
years respectively. The effect of birth type and season on lactation milk yield was significant
(P<0.05). Lactation period was 263.37±2.54 and 255.91±1.50 days for 2011 and 2012 years
respectively. The effect of season on lactation milk yield was significant (P<0.01).
Repeatability of lactation milk yield, lactation period, average daily milk yield and average
daily maximum milk yield were determined as 0.43±0.08, 0.42±0.10, 0.44±0.08, 0.32±0.97
respectively.
Conclusion. Research results have revealed how could rise milk yield, better care and feeding
of goats. Efficiency of animals in the herd, when we look at the first three years in the fourth
and fifth lactations with good maintenance, supply 500 kg of milk, can give more than can be
said.
References
1. Harvey W.R. (1987). User’s Guide for LSMLM-WPS-1 Version Mixed Model Least
Squares and Maximum Likelihood Computer Program. Ohio State Univ. Columbus,
Mimeo.
2. ICAR (2009). International Agreement of Recording Practices. Guidelines Approved by
the General Assembly Held in Niagara Falls, USA. 18 June 2008.
3. Rupp R., Clement V., Piacere A., Robert-Granie C. and Manfredi E. (2011). Genetic
Parameters for Milk Somatic Cell Score and Relationship with Production and Udder
Type Traits in Dairy Alpine. Journal of Animal Science, 94(7): 3629-3634.
368
GENERAL QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR BEE PRODUCTS
USED IN APITHERAPY
Ştefan STÂNGACIU1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2, Daniel DEZMIREAN2,
Victoriţa BONTA2*, Rodica MĂRGĂOAN2 and Otilia BOBIŞ2
1
Apitherapy Consulting & Trading International Ltd.
2
Keywords: apitherapy, bee products, ingredient, quality
Introduction. The most important bee products are honey, bee-pollen, beebread, royal jelly,
propolis, bee-venom and wax. These products have different role in bee family and in human
nutrition. Man uses honey, bee-pollen, beebread and royal jelly as food supplements and
propolis and bee-venom as treatment in different diseases, due to their high biological activity
(Bogdanov, 2008; Bobiş et al., 2010). Apitherapy represent the utilization of bee products for
curing a series of illnesses or to promote a healthy life style through these products.
Aims. Due to the fact that apitherapy is a part of medicine science, bee products used for this
purpose must have a certain quality, must possess a series of biologically active compounds
that will help in the healing process. This study wants to show the “quality standards” for beeproducts used in apitherapy.
Materials and Methods. Different samples of honey, propolis, bee-pollen and royal jelly
were analyzed for their physic-chemical parameters as well as for their active compounds,
specific for each matrix. Standard methods were used, together with spectrophotometric and
chromatographic determinations.
Results. All analyzed honey samples were free of antibiotics. Physical-chemical analysis of
honey, bee-pollen, propolis and royal jelly were in accordance with standard limits. High
amounts of flavonoids and phenolic acids were quantified in propolis tincture, and other
antioxidant substances like carotenoids and hidrosoluble vitamins were identified and
quantified in bee-pollen samples. Royal jelly samples were proved to be authentic and have a
high amount of 10-hydroxydecenoid acid, a compound with high antioxidant and antibacterial
activity.
Conclusion. Honey must be free of antibiotics and other contaminants. High amounts of
polyphenolic substances and enzymes must be in their composition. Royal jelly’s authenticity
parameter (10-HDA) must be determined via HPLC-DAD. Propolis and bee-pollen must
contain high amounts of polyphenols and other bioactive ingredients.
References
1. Bogdanov S., Jurendic T., Sieber R. and Gallman P. (2008). Honey for nutrition and
health: a review. Am. J. Coll. Nutr. 27:677-689.
2. Bobiş O., Mărghitaş L.A., Dezmirean D., Bonta V. and Mihai C.M. (2010). Beehive
products: source of nutrients and natural biologically active compounds. J. Agroalim.
Proc. Tehnol. 16:104-109.
369
SUPPORT FOR ORGANIC BEEKEEPING IN ROMANIA:
A VIEW FOR THE NEXT RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMMING PERIOD
Sorin L. ŞTEFĂNESCU1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ2,
Monica DUMITRAŞCU1 and Roxana VIDICAN2
1
National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science,
Agro-Chemistry and Environment-ICPA Bucharest, Romania
2
Keywords: apiculture, organic farming, rural development, public goods
Introduction. Organic farming is a continuously growing sector in EU. Recognizing its
important contribution to various rural development objectives and priorities, the new
Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on support for rural development
by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development established a distinct and specific
voluntary Organic farming measure for the period 2014-2020.
Aims. In Romania, most usually, during the vegetation period the apiaries are transferred
from plain to hilly areas to reach different stages of flowering of diverse crops and
spontaneous vegetation such as the various mixes of forestry species, hedges and natural
pastures on flat land or slopes, with diverse sizes and sometimes discontinuous shapes. For
this reason support to beekeeping should be granted per bees’ family (beehive) rather than per
undefined hectares.
Materials and Methods. To assess the additional costs incurred by organic beekeeping and
consequently the minimum level of the payments to support the organic beekeeping, the input
prices were taken from the best recent offers available, which are displayed by the input
provider sites in Romania. Whereas missing (no sources available) information occurred, the
beekeeping research expertise of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine in Cluj provided the necessary input.
Results. Since 2006, the organic land area in Romania has increased constantly. Based on the
expectations that the new organic farming measure (currently under the design process in
Romania), will continue improving the previous approach of the existing national Rural
Development Program, the present paper aims to provide a view on including beekeeping
under the eligible types of support and to assess the related applicable amounts and support
rates for the organic farming measure. The calculated rate for support results from the
additional costs incurred by undertaking organic beekeeping. As regard to income foregone,
the differences overall between organic and conventional practices are almost insignificant.
The minimum proposed rate applies to both conversion to and maintenance of organic
practices.
Conclusion. Looking to the last years linear trend of organic farming in Romania, the
operational objective of the organic farming measure should be doubling the existing organic
certified land to over 4% of the total UAA by 2020 and to improve significantly the domestic
market’ absorption of organic products.
370
INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED EFFECTS
OF EXOGENOUS ENZYMES ON RHEOLOGICAL
AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
WHEAT-MILLET FLOUR BLENDS
Iuliana APRODU, Manuela VASILE and Iuliana BANU*
Department of Food Science and Engineering, University “Dunarea de Jos”Galati, Romania
Keywords: enzymes, thermo-mechanical properties, wheat-millet flour blends
Introduction. Millet flour is known for good nutritional value and is therefore recommended
to being used in bread-making formulations. Millet flour addition to wheat flour highly
influences the dough rheology and bread quality, as well as the extraction rate of the wheat
flour (Aprodu and Banu, 2014).
Aims. The objective of the present study was to investigate the individual and combined
effect of glucose oxidase (GO), pentosanase (PP), fungal amylase (FA) and
transglutaminase (TG) on the fundamental rheological and thermo mechanical properties of
wheat-millet flour blends.
Materials and Methods. The wheat flour (extraction rate of 75%) and proso millet flours
were mixed to get 70:30 blends. The wheat-millet flour blends were supplemented with 12
mg GO/100g, 18 mg PP/100g, 40 mg FA/100g and 200 mg TG/100g. The shear rheological
tests were carried out by means of a controlled-stress rheometer, while thermo-mechanical
properties of the flour blends were investigated using the Mixolab device.
Results. Since the bread making properties of the wheat flour are affected by the addition of
millet flour, the addition of exogenous enzyme appears mandatory. The addition of exogenous
enzymes, especially TG, causes important changes in rheological properties of the flour
blends. The thixotropic behavior was observed for all samples, and the viscosities decreased
with the shear rate increase. Concerning the thermo-mechanical properties, our results
indicated that millet flour addition to wheat flour affects mainly the parameters related to
starch gelatinization and retrogradation. Individual addition of FA and PP slightly improved
dough behavior, whereas the GO-PP-FA brought the values of C3, C4 and C5 parameters
close to wheat flour samples (1.70 Nm, 1.44 Nm and 2.02 Nm, respectively).
Conclusion. Addition of exogenous enzyme can improve properties of doughs based on
wheat-millet flour blends. The best results were obtained in case of using the GO-PP-TG,
GO-PP-FA, and FA-PP-TG cocktails.
References
1. Aprodu I. and Banu I. (2014). Rheological, thermo-mechanical, and baking properties of
wheat-millet flour blends, Food Sci. Technol. Int., Doi: 10.1177/1082013214536175.
371
HONEYBEES AS A MODEL FOR THE STUDY
OF XENOBIOTICS, A FORAY INTO THE STUDY
OF ANTIVIRAL EFFECT OF PROPOLIS
Adriana C. AURORI, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN* and Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ
Keywords: antiviral, BQCV, honeybee, in vivo
Introduction. In the process of developing new drugs or for understanding the impact of a
broad range of compounds on living organisms is necessary to find models for in vivo studies.
Considering the ethical reasons the insects are suitable candidates for this kind of research.
Due to the similarities between taxa regarding the most metabolic pathways and the
conserved role of the signaling molecules, the insects have become fundamental models for a
broad range of studies implying, among many others, the responses to pharmacological
agents. Among them, honeybee represents a special case not only due to their complex social
life and ageing particularities but also because of their great ecological and economic
importance. Therefore, the findings of such studies can be either of general interest or can aim
directly the improvement of honeybee life.
Aims. The goal of this study was to establish an in vivo model for assessing the antiviral role
of different compounds, and in this particular case, of propolis.
Materials and Methods. For testing the antiviral effect of propolis natural contaminated bees
with Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV) were used. The nurse bees were individual treated, in
two consecutive days, with 10, 100 or 1000 µg of propolis (European propolis type). The
impact of propolis on BQCV and the host was assessed by RT-qPCR. For a better
understanding of propolis effect the role of some propolis constituents was tested as well.
Results. Although the reduction of the virus titer was obtained for the 10 and 100 µg of
propolis the results were not statistically significant due to high variability of the virus titer.
Similar results were obtained for pinocembrin, caffeic acid and chrisine treatment.
Conclusion. Although the results weren’t statistically valid, the antiviral potential of propolis
in general cannot be ruled out. We suggest a possible adaptation of the BQCV, developed in
time, to the particular propolis sample we used. In this study bees that produce this type of
propolis were involved. Using propolis samples of different biogeographical origin, that the
treated bees/ BQCV were not previously exposed to, can lead to a different result.
372
ANTIBIO-RESISTANCE STUDY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STRAINS ISOLATED IN ALGERIAN HOSPITALS
Mohamed BACHIR-PACHA1*, A. BOUYOUCEF1, R.R. TRIKI-YAMANI1,
H. KHALED1, F. TEGGAR2 and F. TACHET3
1
Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Blida 1, Algeria
2
Département of Biology, University Blida 1, Algeria
3
EPH Blida, Algeria
Keywords: MRSA, MSSA, multi-resistant, Staphylococcus aureus
Introduction. When an antibiotic has lost its capacity to control bacterial growth, the bacteria
are resistant and continue to multiply in the presence of therapeutic levels of an antibiotic.
Aims. The starting point of this work is to achieve a phenotypic analysis of S. aureus strains
samples isolated from various pathological products for 6 months, in the microbiology
laboratory of the CHU Mustapha Bacha (Algiers).
Materials and Methods. During 06 months (January to June, 2013), 4270 samples from
outpatients and hospitalized in different services at CHU Mustapha Bacha (Algiers) were
analyzed.
Results. On 4270 samples analyzed, 1093 (25%) allowed bacterial growth (positive). After E.
coli (34.9%), Staphylococcus sp. are among the most germs isolated (18.9%). Among 109
strains of S. aureus isolated, 53 (48.62%) are resistant to Oxacillin (MRSA) and 56 (51.38%)
are sensitive (MSSA). All strains are resistant to at least one antibiotic.
Conclusion. Staphylococcus sp. are among the most frequently isolated microorganisms,
phenotypic analysis of the samples showed strains of S. aureus Methicillin-sensitive (MSSA)
and Methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA). Antibiotic resistance seems still not overcome and
the therapeutic arsenal is shrinking.
References
1. Ahoyo A.T., Baba-Moussa L., Makoutode M. (2006). Incidence of méthicilline resistant
Staphylococcus aureus in neonatal care unit of departmental hospital center of Zou
Collins in Benin. Arch Pediatr, 13: 1391–6.
2. Akoua-Koffi C., Guessennd N., Gbonon V., Faye-Ketté H., Dosso M. (2004). Methicillinresistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Abidjan (1998–2001): a new hospital problem.
Med Mal, 34:132–6.
3. Albanes J., Bourgouin A., Martin C. (2002). Associations d’antibiotiques dans les
infections à Staphylocoque doré, les arguments contre, Annales Françaises d’Anesthésie
et de réanimation volume 21, Issue 5, 399-405.
373
A MOLECULAR APPROACH FOR IDENTIFICATION
OF DROUGHT RESISTANCE RAPESEEDS’ GENOTYPES
BASED ON SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION
Oana M. BOLDURA* and Sorina POPESCU
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
“Regele Mihai I al Romaniei” Timisoara, Romania
Keywords: drought, gene expression, rapeseed, RT-PCR
Introduction. In the last period, the areas affected by drought are increased all over the
world. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) one of the most important specie for oil producing is
sensitive to drought stress mainly during the early vegetative growth stage. Therefore, it is of
great importance to identify rapeseed genotypes with a high tolerance and in the same time to
study the genetically mechanisms related to this process. The comparative proteome analysis
pointed out that heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) has a role in the drought tolerance of
rapeseed. In the same time, decreased levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) and tubulin
beta-2 were observed for drought-sensitive genotypes.
Aims. The aim of this work was to develop a molecular approach suitable for the
identification of the drought resistance rapeseeds genotypes and in the same time to study the
tolerance mechanism related to specific genes expressions.
Materials and Methods. The primers for the mentioned genes were designed according to
the data from NCBI Data Base and the genes expression was evaluated by RT- PCR
technique. The total RNA was extracted, the cDNA was synthesized and the specific genes
were amplified, the process being followed up in presence of SYBR Green dye.
Results. The three proteins HSP70, HSP90 and β-tubulin were identified for rapeseed
(Brassica napus L.) species, therefore their sequence could be assessed according to their
accession number. Based on protein sequence the specific mRNA was revealed, followed by
the cDNA. The primers for each sequence were designed to be specific for the obtained
cDNA, in order to obtain a specific PCR product of suitable length. Actin gene was used as
control gene. The specificity of the three primers pairs was assessed by qualitative PCR
reaction, having rapeseed DNA as template. The genes expression was investigated for two
variants – control plants and drought stressed plants. It turned out that all of the studied genes
were up-regulated and therefore they were under-expressed in drought conditions. The most
obvious differences were pointed out for HSP 70 gene.
Conclusion. The evaluation of the HSP70 gene expression in drought conditions can be used
as a molecular marker for rapeseed drought tolerance.
374
IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES
FROM PLANTS
Marian BUTU1, Steliana RODINO1,2*,
Petruta PETRACHE2 and Alina BUTU1
1
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest,
Romania
2
University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
Keywords: antimicrobial peptides, molecular dynamics, simulations
Introduction. Plants synthesize antimicrobial peptides as response of the innate defense
system to physical, chemical or biological stress factors. Knowledge of the structure of the
antimicrobial peptides from plants (AMPs-P) and their mechanisms of action is particularly
important for the plant protection domain. Also, AMPs-P are a valuable source of natural
antibiotics for human and veterinary medicine (Butu and Butu, 2011).
Aims. In this research we applied bioinformatics methods to study the potential biological
activity of AMPs-P.
Materials and Methods. The structures of the AMPs-P sequences were taken from scientific
database. These were obtained by ab initio, NMR experiments or crystallographic X-Ray
technique. The temperature of simulations was 500oK. The hydrogen atoms were added, and
for neutralizing electric charge chlorine ions were added. All structures were solvated in water
boxes with shape of the dodecahedron. The simulations were performed using periodic
boundary conditions and NPT ensemble. The length of hydrogen bonds was constrained. The
simulation experiments were performed on an IBM X3950 server (2, 3). The simulation
analysis was done with Gromacs and VMD programme.
Results. The resulting trajectory length for each structure had 100ns. For trajectories recorded
in simulation experiments were analyzed various structural, dynamic and thermodynamic
parameters, including sequence, size, RMS, accessibility surface area, dihedrals, distances
between Cα atoms, disulfide bridges and hydrogen bonds.
Conclusion. The investigated parameters are influencing the biological activity and function
of the AMPs-P. The obtained results contribute to development of new biotechnological
applications of the AMPs-P in medicine and plant protection.
Acknowledgments. This work has been financed by UEFISCDI, research contract PN-II-PTPCCA 106/2012.
References
1. Butu M. and Butu A. (2011). Antimicrobial peptides -natural antibiotics, Romanian
Biotechn. Letter, 16(3): 6135-6144.
2. Butu M. and Butu A. (2010). Parallel molecular dynamics simulation for protein
sequences on PC-cluster and server, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials,
12(11): 2296-2300.
3. Butu M. and Butu A. (2011). Molecular dynamics simulation of the Human AlphaDefensin 5, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, 6(3): 907-914.
375
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
OF HEATHER HONEY (Calluna vulgaris)
AGAINST DIFFERENT HUMAN PATHOGENS
Daniel DEZMIREAN1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ1, Flore CHIRILĂ2,
Nicodim FIŢ2, Bogdan GHERMAN1, Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1,
Adriana AURORI1 and Otilia BOBIŞ1*
1
2
Department of Microbiology (Veterinary Medicine),
Keywords: antibacterial activity, b

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