Incentivizing Digital Innovation in Europe

Transcription

The Example of Irish Copyright Reform
Eoin O’Dell, School of Law, TCD
Chair, Copyright Review Committee
Images via http://www.tcd.ie and https://mac.gov.pl
Image source: http://isservices.tcd.ie/avms/photocentre/gallery/m2.jpg
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/hannesambrosch/8754871950/sizes/o/
Image sources: http://www.tcd.ie/Library/bookofkells/assets/pdf/Irish%20LO.pdf and http://www.bookofkells.com
Image: http://www.davidrumsey.com/maps4671.html and http://www.clker.com/clipart-map-pin-green.html
Image sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Columba_at_Bridei%27s_fort.jpg and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Saint_Columba.jpg
Image sources: http://www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/jod/Picts/cathach.shrine.jpg
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Image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Clonard_Church_of_St_Finian_Statue_St_Finian_2007_08_26.jpg & by kind permission of the RIA
Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Scriptures_detail_-_Crawford_plate_146.png & by kind permission of the RIA
Image source: http://www.indybay.org/uploads/2006/05/15/mother-cow-and-calf.jpg
Image source: http://dertypaws.blogspot.ie/2010/12/happy-christmas.html used by kind permission of the artist
Image source: http://www.sligolibrary.ie/sligolibrarynew/OurBranches/SligoCentralLibrary/BattleoftheBooks/
Amisundcrs1anding Icam to an carty win for St Col.umba at the Balllc of the Books
Image © !nnie West- used by kind permission of the artist
A misunderstanding leads to an early win for St Columba at the Battle of the Books
A misu11dcrstat1di11g lcads to au carly win lor SL Columba at the Battle orll1c Books
Image © !nnie West- used by kind permission of the artist
Image surce: http://www.collectgbstamps.co.uk/explore/years/?year=1997,
Image source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Iona_Abbey._Panorama.jpg (detail)
Sources: http://www.collectgbstamps.co.uk/explore/years/?year=1997, http://www.flickr.com/photos/mukluk/249464230/sizes/m/ & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meister_des_Book_of_Durrow_002.jpg
,
Image source http://www.gaeltacht.eu/images/irish_monasteries.jpg via http://www.gaeltacht.eu/fceltes.html
Copyright Review Committee
Image source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/jobsenterinnov/10571664844/in/photostream/ used by kind permission of DJEI
Established 9 May 2011 Image source: http://pixabay.com/en/flat-food-cake-cartoon-desserts-25430/
Terms
of
Reference
Image source: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/筆記本#mediaviewer/File:Moleskine_ruled_notebook,_inside_view.jpg
Terms of Reference
1 Examine copyright legislation to identify barriers to innovation
2 Recommend solutions
3 Examine fair use
4 Make EU Recommendations
(if necessary)
Innovation
Having regard to creativity, ingenuity,
renewal and transformation in all of
their forms – artistic, cultural,
educational, social, as well as
economic – innovation is the
development of new businesses,
products and technologies.
Innovation & Copyright
Copyright law is one of the pressures
that shape technological innovation;
hence it must be
• as technologically-neutral as
possible; and
• capable of adapting to
technological innovations.
1
2
3
First public meeting (04/07/11)
First round of submissions
Paper (29/02/12)
Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WLANL_-_MicheleLovesArt_-_Van_Gogh_Museum_-_Three_books,_1887.jpg
#CRC12
Copyright and lnnovation
A Consultation Paper
Copyright Review Committee
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/crc_consultation_paper.pdf
4
5
6
Second public meeting (24/04/12)
Second round of submissions
incl online questionnaires
Report (01/10/13)
#CRC13
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/publications/science/2013/CRC-Report.pdf
7
8
9
Third public meeting (09/12/13)
DJEI in “thinking mode”
New Act? 2014?? #CRC14
©
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cornie/1596598696/ & http://www.flickr.com/photos/garrettziegler/8218332742/ & http://www.ifrro.org/members/irish-copyrightlicensing-agency used by kind permission of the ICLA & http://www.briarpress.org/684 & http://www.nbp.pl/homen.aspx?f=/en/banknoty/banknoty_i_monety.html
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Ili
ec.e u ropa.eu /internal_markel/consullalions/2013/copyright-rules/index_en.hlm- Review of the EU copyright rules -Consultations - The EU Single Market - ..
I
Sitem ap I About thi s site I Links I What's New I Legal noti ce I Contact I Search English (en)
THE EU SINGLE MARKET
European Commission > The EU Single Market> Consultations > 2013 > Review of the EU copyright rui es
* Home
Single Market Policies
General policy
fram ework
Li ving and working in
th e Single Market
A Single Market for
Goods
A Single Market for
Services
Financial services and
ca pit al m arket s
Public Consultation on the review of the EU
copyright rules
Policy Field
• Intern al Market , Intell ectu al Propert y · Copyright
Target group
All st akeholders are welcom e t o contribute t o this consult at ion . Contribu
t ions are part icularly sought from consumers, users, authors, perform ers,
publi shers, producers, broadcast ers, int erm ediaries, distributors and oth er
service providers, Coll ect ive Managem ent Org anisa t ions, public authoriti es
and Member St at es.
Business environm ent
Intell ectu al property
Interactive Info and
Help
Practical info
and problem solving
Consult at ions
Exchange of inform at ion
Period
• From 05. 12.2013 t o 05.03.2014 - (cl osed)
Objective
The object ive of this consult at ion is t o gath er input from all st akeholders on
th e r eview of th e EU copyright ru les.
Image source: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/consultations/2013/copyright-rules/index_en.htm
Share
["seafchon !his sil e
~
Images: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlaymont-Building-1.Jpg http://pixabay.com/en/drop-raindrop-water-tear-teardrop-159527/
Co
n
ł C0
Image source: http://www.communia-association.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/internet_ecosystem_value_tree.png
Image source: http://openclipart.org/image/300px/svg_to_png/90025/tree_branches_and_root_01r.png
Copyright Council
Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_van_Gogh_-_Gardener_by_an_apple_tree_-_BM_1929,1109.4.jpg
Copyright Council
created by the copyright community
as an independent self-funding body
with a widely representative Board
recognised by the Minister
supported and underpinned by the Bill
Copyright Council
The principal objects of the Council
shall be to
…
(g) promote … innovation.
Copyright Council
Alternative
Dispute
Resolution
Service
Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dalbera/6275331005/sizes/o/in/photostream/
Copyright Council
Orphan
Works
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_kennington_orphans_1885.jpg
Copyright Council
Education,
Advice,
Advocacy
Orphan
Works
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/copyrightconsultation.htm
©
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cornie/1596598696/ & http://www.ifrro.org/members/irish-copyright-licensing-agency used by kind permission of the ICLA
Rightsowners
Did not recommend levies
!ntonió Vitorino (l)
presents report to
Michel Barnier (r)
January
2013
Image source: http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/barnier/headlines/news/2013/01/20130131-2_en.htm
Photographers
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Photographers_by_Augustas_Didzgalvis.jpg
©
Image sources: http://www.google.com and http://www.youtube.com
Intermediaries
Clarify exception for temporary copies
1
(Compare section 23 of the Law of 4 February 1994 on Copyright & Related Rights)
in the light of C‐403/08 FAPL and
C‐429/08 Murphy (04 Oct 2011) [161]
Public Relations Consultants Association
v
Newspaper Licensing Agency
Case C-360/13
CJEU 5 June 2014
Image source: http://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/image/jpeg/2009-07/tours.jpg
Intermediaries
Did not recommend
- amending existing immunities, or
- proposing additional immunities
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
+ 11 ec.e uropa.eu /inlernal markel/e commerce/nolice-and action/index en.hlm
Notice-and-action Procedures - European Commission
Sit em ap I Ab out th is sit e I Lin ks I What' s New I Legal notice I Cookies I Contact I Search [
-A- Home
Notice-and-action Procedures
Online services
E-Comm erce Direct ive
Relat ed Offi cia!
Docum ent s
Communicat ion 201 2
Pa rcel delivery
Notice-and-acti on
procedures
Exp ert Group
Nat ional contact points
Usefu l Links
In Janu ary 2012 th e Comm ission ann ounced an init iat ive on " not ice-and -ac
t ion" procedures in th e Communica ti on ff:! on e-Comm erce and oth er online
services. " Not ice-and-acti on" procedures begin when som eone not ifi es a host
ing service provider - for inst ance a soci al net work, an e-comm erce platform
or a company th at host s websit es - about illegal content on th e int ern et .
Such content could be, for examp le, racist content, child ab use content or
spam . The procedures are conclud ed when a host ing service provider act s
against th e alleged ill egal content .
Articl e 14 of th e e-Commerce Directive ff:! provides a basis for th e develop
m ent of th ese procedures, but does not regu lat e th em in det ail. I n response
t o th e 2010 public consult at ion on e-Commerce, st akeholders have ind ica t ed
th at th ese procedures should lead t o a quicker t akedown of illegal content,
should bett er respect fund am ent al rights (in parti cular th e freedom of expres
sion) and should increase legal cert ainty for onli ne interm edi aries.
Contact
A clean and open Internet: public consu ltation on
procedures for dealing with il legal content on the Internet
On 4 Jun e 2012 , th e Europ ean Comm ission launched a public consult at ion on
procedures for not ifying and act ing on illegal content host ed by onli ne inter
m ediaries . The Commission wants t o collect comments from all st akeholders
on how this can best be achieved. The consult at ion covers th e issue of not ifi -
Image source: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/e-commerce/notice-and-action/index_en.htm
Engl ish (en )
Linking
Linking not an
infringement of copyright …
(draft Section 87A(1) CRRA)
Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/34547181@N00/4309431757/
… unless linker knew or ought
to have known
that it linked to
infringing copy
(draft Section 87A(2) CRRA)
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpg
a clickable link is
communication but
not “to a new public”
Svensson v Retriever Sverige AB
Case C-466/12 CJEU 13 Feb 2014 [25]
Image source: http://books.google.ie/books?id=hxxAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA385#v=onepage&q&f=false
Marshalling
Image source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_marshalling
Marshalling
Indexing
Syndicating
Aggregating
Curating
online content
e
Go gie
m
Wi adomości
Wydanie Polska •
Najważniejsze artykuły
Najważni ej sze artykuły
Ze
o
Nowości •
»
Kaczyński:
świata
Kamery internetowe
muszą być
w
Gazeta pl - 1 Godzina temu
Gospodarka
Sport
Rozrywka
Trasą Zamkową
•
Kaczyński :
.
- miniatura ·
Potrzebne
Jarosław Kaczyń ski
Kleszcze atakują ! Nawet o kilkaset
procent więcej zachorowań na boreliozę !
Damian Furmańczvk
podczas briefingu na wyspie ...
są wcześniejsze
Jarosław Kaczyński : Rząd
wybory Rzeczpospolita
techniczny gwarantuje uczciwość ... Radioszczecin.pl
Nagrany Sikorski, Graś , Rostowski.
''Wprost" ujawnia NOWY FRAGMENT
Zespól Dziennik.Dl
>
Gazeta.cl
TVP
Rzecznik ABW Maciej
300ooli...
K a rczy ń sk i
Monev.ol
o taś m ach "Wprost" : Wiemy o tej ...
Wiadomosci 24 - 3 minuty temu
Rzecznik Agencji Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego , podpułkown i k Maciej Karczyń ski gościł w
"Sygnałach dnia" rad iowej "Jedynki". Rozmowa dotyczy/a środowego zamieszania w redakcji
"Wprost", podsłuchów i słynnej czarnej teczki. Logo ABW. See page for ...
Ławrow
Wirtual...
atakuje
Po roszenkę :
to odej śc ie od kwietniowej deklaracji z ...
TVN24 - 2 godz. temu
... • Brak punktu o negocjacjach to radykalne odejście od Deklaracji Genewskiej - oświ adczy/
minister spraw zagranicznych Federacji Rosyjskiej Siergiej Ławrow, którego cytuje agencja
Interfax. • Duża część punktów planu wygląda jak ultimatum: macie ki lka ...
Mecz Argentyna • Iran na MŚ . NA ŻYWO!
Przeala. .
Interia - 50 minuty temu
W sobotę o 18:00 polskiego czasu grają ze sobą Argentyna z Iranem w grupie F pi/karskich
mistrzostw świ ata . Zdecydowanym faworytem tego spotkania będzie drużyna Alejandra
Sabelli. Transmisja w TVP 2 oraz w TVP Sport, relacja tekstowa w INTERIA.
Prognoza pogody dla woj. mazowieckiego • 22.06
Onet.pl - 4 minuty temu
Wkrótce pojawi s i ę w serwisie. Zachęcamy do dalszej dyskusji.
Image source: http://news.google.pl
Wystąpi/ błąd
i nie
m ożna zap i sać
<>
Marek Belka przed Trybuna/ Stanu?
Zesoól Dziennik.Dl
Jarosław Kaczyński podczas briefingu na wyspie Łasztownia . Na drugim brzegu Odry •
Wały Chrobrego (Fot. Cezary Aszkiełowicz / Agencja Gazeta). Jarosław Kaczyński pod
Nauka/technika
Redakcj e po l ecaj ą
dziennik~p
każdym
lokalu ...
Polska
iiiH@I
Grożby z Rosji? Puti n
pełnej gotowości
Zesoół Dziennik.o!
stawia arm i ę w
stan
''Wprost" publikuje cale nagranie.
Belka: Albo Donald nie wie, albo się ...
Zesoół Dziennik.Dl
Więcej
informacji
Naj popularni ej sze
Paradowska o Olejn ik: Jak się Jest
emocjonalnym , to si ę nie chodzi ...
Dziennik.pl - 4 godz. temu
Nagrany Sikorski, Graś, Rostowski.
"Wprost" ujawnia NOWY ...
ABW zmienia front? "Jesteśmy
wdzięczni dziennikarzom"
Bloomberg o Marku Belce: Najgorszy
europejski szef banku ...
Gazeta.pl - 2 godz temu
,,
Marshalling
Reproduction of a very small snippet of text reasonably adjacent to the link
< 160 characters or 2.5% of the work
Subject to a cap of 40 words
Draft section 87A(3)-(6) CRRA
LEGAL
German publishers start legal
action against Goog le over
news sn ippets
loek Es ers
®loekessers
Jun 18, 2014 7:55 AM
German news p ub6shers are es cala ·ng their fight to ge a cut of the ad revenue t hat
LATESTVIDEOS
Goog le makes when it republishes parts of their news artlcles.
The publlshers' soclety VG Media has started legal proceedings agalnst Google after
the search-engine giant refused to negotiate with the co llecting society and publicly
dec ared · wo uld not pay sucha compensation, VG ~ed as id
ednesday.
Twelve German online news publishers took a 50 p rcen• s a e in ,JG
February
wł
ed a last
h the alm of beglnnlng to start collecting compensation from search
engines. They want some of the advertislng revenue that search engines and
Varidesk Single review: This sit-stand
desk has some ergonomie issues
aggregators generate by republis ·ng parts of their content.
As a first step in the legal proceedings, VG
edia filed a request for com pensation with
iPad, Oculus Rift, and Kinect
the Copyrigh Arbitration Board of the German Patent and Trade Mark Office, an
independent body that mediates disputes between collec1ing socletles and users of
copyright works. The board
stńves
parties and precedes a procedura
team up to update '80s video
game
to reach amlcable arrangements between the
· h t he district court, VG Media said.
lnkjet printer builds eustom
The publishers based the'r claim on a new German online copyright law t hat carne into
circult boards
effect last August. Jt gives pub6shers the exclusive righ to the co mmercial use of their
content and parts hereof,
cept 1n th
~s o
1ng
orCI or sma
ext n,p
ts .
Acer announces new łap ops,
tahlPt< huhri,łę an_,ł all..in..nn•
Image source: http://www.pcworld.com/article/2365022/german-publishers-start-legal-action-against-google-over-news-snippets.html
©
Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/garrettziegler/8218332742/
UGC
Parody
Private copying
Back-ups
Education
Disability
Consumers
Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/garrettziegler/8218332742/
Heritage
Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums
©
Image source: http://www.nbp.pl/homen.aspx?f=/en/banknoty/banknoty_i_monety.html
http://openclipart.org/image/300px/svg_to_png/90025/tree_branches_and_root_01r.png & http://www.clipartbest.com/cliparts/9cz/o8x/9czo8xMcE.jpeg
Entrepreneurs
Special innovation exception
for works which are substantially
different from the original work or
substantially transform the original
work
Draft section 106E CRRA Image source: http://www.nbp.pl/homen.aspx?f=/en/banknoty/banknoty_i_monety.html
Fair Use: US-style?
Image source: flags of the world http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/us.html
Fair Use: Irish-style
Image source: flags of the world http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ie.html
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00 ~ 00 .. ipkitten.blogspot.co.uk /2014/05/the right of adaptation has-not been.html
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TheIPKat
Passionate about IP! Since June 2003 the lPKat weblog has covered copyright, patent, trade mark, info-tech and
privacy/confidentiality issues from a mainly UK and European perspective. The team is Birgit Clark, Merpel, Jeremy Phillips,
Eleonora Rosati, Darren Smyth, Annsley Merelle Ward and Neil J. Wilkof. You're welcome to read, post comments and
participate in our community. You can email the Kats here
For the half-year to 30 June 2014, the IPKat's regular team is supplemented by contributions from guest bloggers Alberto Bellan, Darren Meale and Nadia Zegze.
Two of our regular Kats are currently on blogging sabbaticals. They are David Brophy and Catherine Lee.
Thurs day, 1 May 2014
The right of adaptation has not been generally harmonised at the EU level:
true or false?
Calling all students who are revising fo r their spring exams! What is th e right answer to this
quest ion?
Until naw most people - including a number of leading copyright acade mics - would have easily
op t ed fo r ·tru e·.
The IPKat: intellectual property
news and fun for everyone
Howeve r, fo llowing a number of recent decisions of the Court or Justice or the European Union
(UEU) and th e even mare recent leaked text of the draft lmpac t Assessment (IA) or th e
Co mmission on the modern isation of the EU copyright acquis [ here and here] this may no
longer be th e right answer.
• Check out t he IPKat's list of fort hco ming even t s
here.
First or all: what is th e right of adap t ation all about?
• Who writes the IPKat we blog? Find out mare about
the regular blogging team and guest Kats by clicking
here.
As explained by leading UK copyright commentary Copinger and Skone James on Copyright,
adaptat ion is usually understood as th e tran sform ation of a wo rk into anot her fo rm of
expression th at is not tantamount to a simple reproduction, eg making a film out of a novel,
although "th ere is an unc/ear dividing lin e between what amounts to a reproduction of a work
and what amounts to an adaptat ion of a work" .
• A bi t abou t t he IPKat's history and ethos here
• Emeritus Kats and guest Kats here.
The problem lies indeed here.
At the international level, bes ides the right of reprod uct ion within Article 9, Article 12 of the
Image source: http://ipkitten.blogspot.co.uk/2014/05/the-right-of-adaptation-has-not-been.html
Gigi is very adaptable
when it comes
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th e Single Market
A Single Market for
Goods
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ca pit al m arket s
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Policy Field
Target group
Help
Practical info
and problem solving
Consult at ions
Period
• From 05. 12.2013 t o 05.03.2014 - (cl osed)
Objective
Share
~
Entrepreneurs & Fair Use
The Commission leak inevitably refers to
Case -5/08 Infopaq [2009] ECR I-06569
Elenora Rosati on IPKat adds Case C435/12 ACI Adam (10 April 2014)
http://www.nbp.pl/homen.aspx?f=/en/banknoty/banknoty_i_monety.html http://pixabay.com/en/drop-raindrop-water-tear-teardrop-159527/
Case C-275/06 Productores de Musica
de Espana (Promusicæ) v Telefonica de
Espana SAU [2008] ECR-I 271 (29
January 2008)
Case C-314/12 UPC Telekabel Wien (27
March 2014)
Case C-314/12 UPC Telekabel Wien (27
March 2014) [46]
“an interpretation of the Directive
which allows a fair balance to be struck
between applicable fundamental rights”
Image source: https://www.google.ie/maps/@52.4351197,20.6738062,12z
Ashby Donald v France 36769/08 [2013]
ECHR 28 (10 January 2013)
Copyright measured against Article 10
ECHR (= Article 11 EU CFR)
Image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pdamsten/9587145923/
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* Home
General policy
fram ework
th e Single Market
A Single Market for
Goods
A Single Market for
Services
ca pit al m arket s
copyright rules
Policy Field
Target group
Help
Practical info
and problem solving
Consult at ions
Period
• From 05. 12.2013 t o 05.03.2014 - (cl osed)
Objective
Share
~
An Roinn Post., Fionlar agus NuAlalochta
Deparlmenl of Jobs,
nterpri
and lnn011i1lion
Submlsslon from l reland
Europea n Commis:sion
Public Consu ltation, on the Revlew of Copyright Rules
March 2014
“… formal
proposals for
legislative
reform arising
from the [CRC]
Report in
2014” (p2)
Image source: http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/Submission%20from%20Ireland%20EC%20Copyright%20Consultation%20March%202014.pdf
Linking &
marshalling
Education
UGC
Personal use
Format shifting
http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/Submission%20from%20Ireland%20EC%20Copyright%20Consultation%20March%202014.pdf & http://www.clker.com/clipart-26936.html
Copyright
Council
Innovation
Fair Use
http://www.djei.ie/science/ipr/Submission%20from%20Ireland%20EC%20Copyright%20Consultation%20March%202014.pdf & http://www.clker.com/clipart-redx-1.html
White Paper due
within 3 weeks
͠Φ̳΁͏ Ώ΋ήΠΠΎΧ΁ Elvi͟ ̀ϸ Έ͏ϋ͏ν CΠ̳νΝ͏ ήΧ FΠΎ́ΝνΉ ΏήϦν́͏Έ ttp://www.flickr.com/photos/clarkzip/7973863568/
DϽΎ͘ΝϦΚ͏
bardzo
Thank
you very
much
ρ̽ Κ̳ΝΎ͏ς
pytania?
AreCzy
there
any questions?
͠Φ̳΁͏ Ώ΋ήΠΠΎΧ΁ Elvi͟ ̀ϸ Έ͏ϋ͏ν CΠ̳νΝ͏ ήΧ FΠΎ́ΝνΉ ΏήϦν́͏Έ ttp://www.flickr.com/photos/clarkzip/7973863568/
The Example of Irish Copyright Reform
Eoin O’Dell, School of Law, TCD
Chair, Copyright Review Committee
Images via http://www.tcd.ie and https://mac.gov.pl

Incentivizing Digital Innovation in Europe

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