50 years of Pakistan-German development cooperation. Photo

50 years of Pakistan-German
Development Cooperation
Photo exhibition 2011
GILGIT BALTISTAN
KHYBER
PAKHTUNKHWA
AJK
Muzaffarabad
Peshawar
FATA
Islamabad Capital Territory
Lahore
PUNJAB
Quetta
BALOCHISTAN
SINDH
The geographical map depicted is for informational purposes
only and does not constitute recognition of international
boundaries or regions. We do not make any claims concerning
the validity, accuracy or completeness of the map nor assume
any liability resulting from the use of the information therein.
Karachi
2
FATA Federally Administered
Tribal Areas
AJK Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Dear Reader,
Half a century ago, in 1961, the Governments of the Islamic
Republic of Pakistan and the Federal Republic of Germany
launched their development partnership. Pakistan was
therefore one of Germany’s first partner countries. Since
then, this cooperation has formed an important dimension in the relationship between our two countries and has
significantly contributed to deepening the ties between
our governments, as well as between the private sector
and civil society of our countries. Thus, when celebrating
50 years of development cooperation, we also celebrate a
rich history of institutional and human interactions which
have laid a solid foundation for a long-standing friendship
between our peoples.
During these fifty years, we managed to adapt our
cooperation to changing demands and new challenges
while maintaining a continuity which is essential in order
to achieve sustainable results. Our cooperation initially
focused on the energy, industrial, transport and telecommunications sectors, with investments in Pakistan’s largest
hydropower station, Mangla Dam, and the introduction
of a technical and vocational training system. Today,
Germany continues to support the Pakistani Government
in its efforts to improve the supply of environmentally
friendly energy and to provide for more efficient energy
use. We also work together in the priority areas of good
governance, basic and vocational education and health.
Whilst the overarching objective is to consolidate democracy in Pakistan and to improve service delivery to the
people, within the priority areas important recent reform
and reconstruction efforts of the Pakistani Government
are being supported, such as energy and tax reforms, the
implementation of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan and the implementation of a comprehensive peace building strategy in the border regions. In addition to these sectors, the German Government continues
to assist Pakistan in providing services to Afghan refugees
and displaced people as well as in responding to natural
disasters which have hit the country twice during the past
years with the earthquake of 2005 and the devastating
floods of 2010.
3
To date, Germany has provided
a total of EUR 2.3 billion (about
PKR 275 billion) for development
cooperation, while significant
increases in development funds over
the past few years illustrate the importance that both partners attach
to this cooperation. The regional
focus has traditionally been – and
still is – on the north-western region
of the country, notably what is today
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Federally Administered Tribal
Areas. Individual measures are also being carried out in
Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Gilgit Baltistan, Punjab and Sindh.
Through its own implementing structures, German development cooperation closely works with its partners on the
ground and establishes long-lasting relations.
The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) is involved in institution-building and
deploying experts for knowledge transfer as part of technical cooperation, while financial cooperation is carried
out by the KfW Entwicklungsbank. In addition, funding is
provided from the German federal budget to support the
work of faith-based organisations, political foundations,
institutions of higher education and other non-governmental organisations (NGOs). The range and variety of the
interventions undertaken by a multitude of development
partners is illustrated by this compilation of photographs
from the fifty years of our partnership.
The 50th anniversary of Pakistan-German development
cooperation is also an excellent opportunity to thank all
of our Pakistani partners at all levels, in particular our colleagues in the Economic Affairs Division (EAD) in the Ministry of Finance, for many years of harmonious and fruitful
cooperation. It is this positive experience that permits us
to look ahead to the future with confidence for further
joint efforts.
Dr Michael Koch
Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany
50 years of partnership
50 years of Pakistan-German Development Cooperation –
partners from the start
Pakistan was one of Germany’s first partner countries, with development cooperation between the two nations beginning in
1961. The foundation of this partnership was laid with a loan agreement between the two countries to finance infrastructure
projects.
During the 1980s the focus extended to include rural development and health.
The mid-1960s witnessed the first projects in
the field of vocational education and training, with German experts helping to establish the Pakistan-German Technical Training
Centre in Moghalpura, Lahore.
©Robert Heuer
©KfW Historical Group Archive
©Robert Heuer
This was followed by investments in Pakistan’s first large hydropower plant, the
Mangla Dam, the country’s railways, and
the construction of a tele­communications
network connecting what was then East and
West Pakistan, to give a few examples.
4
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©KfW Historical Group Archive
Financing for the Manghopir cement factory
near Karachi was the first of many PakistanGerman cooperation projects and programmes that have contributed to Pakistan’s
development.
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
©KfW Historical Group Archive
During the 1960s, the two countries fostered
infrastructure development in the energy,
transport and tele­communications sectors,
as well as promoting industry.
Today, the priority areas of Pakistan-German
development cooperation are good governance, energy, health and basic and vocational education. The German Federal Ministry
for Economic Cooperation and Development
(BMZ) also supports Pakistan with refugee
aid and assistance in coping with natural
disasters, most recently in the wake of the
2010 floods. These measures also perform a
stabilising role and support the efforts of the
Government of Pakistan to combat the root
causes of extremism and establish lasting
peace.
1979
1991
1984
19631965 1967
1961
1975 19771978
1971
1993 1995 19971998199920012003 2005 2007
1980 1981
19821983 1985 1986
1989 1992
1970 19721973
1976
1962 1964 1966 19681969
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
1994 1996
1987
2010
2009
1988 1990
2011
©Aid for Refugees & Orphans
(ARO) Pakistan
On behalf of BMZ, the Deutsche Gesellschaft
für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
and the Centre for International Migration
and Development (CIM) are providing support through capacity development, expert
assignments and knowledge transfer. Financial cooperation is carried out by the KfW
Entwicklungsbank, which promotes investment on the part of cooperation partners
by providing funding and complementary
measures designed to foster socially and
ecologically sound economic growth.
Overall, the Federal Republic of Germany has
invested around EUR 2.3 billion in development cooperation with Pakistan.
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
©Friedrich Naumann Foundation / Olaf Kellerhoff
©Gerhard Payr
Furthermore, German Government funding
is accorded to faith-based organisations,
political foundations and non-governmental
organisations (NGOs), which make important
contributions to promoting democracy and
human rights, developing rule of law and
providing emergency relief, among other
things.
©Manfred Wehrmann
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
1974
Over the past five decades, Pakistan and
Germany have implemented numerous development projects. Selected examples of
these projects are presented here in words
and pictures.
©KfW
The regional focus of cooperation has traditionally been the north-west of the country.
Germany is one of the few donors that has its
own implementing structures in the Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province and is one of the few
partners of Pakistan carrying out measures
in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas
(FATA). Individual measures are also being
implemented in Azad Jammu and Kashmir,
Gilgit Baltistan, Punjab and Sindh.
5
Energy
©GIZ Pakistan
Energy for Pakistan –
sustainable production, efficient use
1962
Pakistan has a wealth of natural energy
sources: rivers that spring from the
highest mountains in the world, windswept plains and many hours of sunshine. This potential was recognised as
early as the 1960s, when development
cooperation between Germany and Pakistan first started in the energy sector.
Since then, no other sector has received
more German development funds.
To feed electricity into the high-voltage
power grid safely and efficiently, the German
Government has since 1962 financed the expansion of Pakistan’s electricity network.
The first project concerned the MultanLyallpur (today’s Faisalabad) Transmission
Line; the most recent projects are Ghakkar
and Ghazi Road. This stabilises Pakistan’s grid
and helps to reduce power wastage, providing industry, business and households with
reliable and efficient electricity. In this way,
these financing projects also contribute to
the economic development of Pakistan, to
more employment and to higher incomes.
©KfW
Today, Pakistan’s energy sector faces major challenges. One third of its population of
approximately 180 million – particularly those living in rural areas – have no access to
reliable energy supplies. Power cuts are frequent because energy is scarce and inefficiently used, limiting competition as well as economic and industrial development.
Fossil fuels such as kerosene and paraffin are used to bridge the energy gap, but these
are expensive to import and pollute the environment. The energy crisis also risks
destabilising the country, since it widens the gap between the haves and the havenots, and exacerbates everyday conflict.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Our company was founded in 1990, but the
micro hydro turbines that we produce today
with German support are qualitatively much
better and up to 70 % more effective than the
older models. We’ve already produced and
sold about 1,200 turbines – meeting the energy needs of about 400 villages.
Electricity has opened up a whole new world
for the villagers. It offers them brand new
business opportunities. For the first time
they can enjoy television, radio and mobile
phones. Women have seen their workload
cut dramatically thanks to electrical household appliances. Micro hydropower plants
mean that, for the first time, we can bring affordable and clean energy to remote areas of
our country.
Mohammed Hussain, marketing expert, Mukhtair Engineering Works, Mardan
6
©KfW
The Federal Republic of Germany supports Pakistan’s efforts to promote environmental sustainability, to expand its power supply by harnessing renewable energy sources,
to supply rural areas with affordable energy and to use energy more efficiently.
1963
A whole generation of hydropower plants
were built in Pakistan with German involvement, including the large-scale Tarbela Dam
and the Ghazi Barotha plant. Decades of German engagement have yielded striking results: the energy generated by these power
plants has been crucial to the development
of Pakistan’s cities and industry.
In cooperation with Pakistan, Germany also
conducted studies analysing the hitherto untapped potential for sustainable hydropower
and identified about 200 sites for power stations. On the basis of these studies, Pakistan
©GIZ Pakistan
An estimated 21,000 households and
180,000 people now get their electricity
from small and micro hydropower plants.
As part of the grid-based electrification of
the country, a feed-in tariff for wind power
and small hydropower plants was developed
with German support and is currently being
implemented.
©KfW
How can energy be saved and used more effectively in the industrial sector? On the lookout for long-term solutions, German
experts and the private sector initiated a
pilot project for selected textile producers.
©GIZ Pakistan
©KfW
2005
Using an energy management system, the
selected firms have reduced their energy
consumption by between 10 % and 20 %, i.e.
about 62 million KWh every year. The average company has reduced its annual energy
bills by EUR 100,000.
2010
2003
Mukhtair Engineering Works from Mardan
is one of the local turbine manufacturers to
have received training from German experts
in order to improve the provision of power to
remote areas.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Since 2003, Pakistan-German development
cooperation has focused on promoting medium-sized and smaller hydropower plants.
The Energy Sector Task Force, supported by
German advisors, has drawn up recommendations for the reform of Pakistan’s energy
sector.
The Task Force is an initiative of the Friends
of Democratic Pakistan, a coalition of over
20 states and organisations that support the
Pakistani Government in its efforts to consolidate democratic structures and forge ahead
with social and economic development.
©GIZ Pakistan
is now planning steps to generate 25,000
MW of electricity.
German experts supported the Pakistani
Government in planning and installing 3,000
solar photovoltaic systems in Sindh. As a result, around 25,000 people now have access
to electricity in their homes for the first time,
and children are able to do their homework
after sunset.
7
©GIZ Pakistan
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
2007
Education
It was not only tools and machines that were
in short supply when the first German advisors arrived at the Pakistan-German Technical Training Centre Moghalpura (TTCM) in
Lahore. Teaching did not follow a curriculum,
which would have dovetailed theory and
practice. Since then, hundreds of mechanics,
electricians and plumbers have obtained formal qualifications from the TTCM.
A report published by the International
Labour Organization in May 2006 rated the
vocational schools established with German
assistance very favourably.
©Pakistan-German Technical Training Centre Moghalpura, Lahore
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
In recent years, the Government of Pakistan has launched many processes designed to improve the quality of education, to which the German Government
has also contributed. This cooperation
has resulted, inter alia, in a new national
education plan, curricular reform and
debt swap programmes. The new strategic frameworks clearly lay out the respective duties of various administrative levels and are intended to align
elementary and further education more effectively. Success is already reflected in
higher primary school enrolment rates and the increased percentages of children
continuing their education at secondary level. Despite this progress, the country still
faces a huge task. Currently, just over half of all children attend primary school. The
education of girls in particular has long been neglected, as a result of which only 40 %
of women can read. Pakistan-German cooperation in the field of basic education
therefore aims at further improving the institutional framework in order to provide
children with better educational opportunities.
1965
©Pakistan-German Technical Training Centre Moghalpura, Lahore
Education – the cornerstone of Pakistan’s future
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Germany also supports Pakistani partners in the field of vocational training. Since the
1960s, the two countries have jointly promoted vocational schools and administrative
structures, which are still being used today and which form the backbone of the vocational training sector. Based on this, Germany and other donors launched a comprehensive programme in early 2011 to revamp the vocational training sector.
A lot has changed at my school in recent
years. There are better textbooks, more
child-friendly curricula and a lot more support for us teachers. Because we now manage our budget autonomously through the
school council, the school can use its financial and human resources where they are
needed most. We can also tailor our lesson
plans independently according to our
needs. The in-service training opportunities
offered to teachers is, in my view, particularly motivating. And motivated teachers can
motivate students to learn.
Fauzia Khan, teacher, Government Girls Model High School, Model Town, Lahore
8
1972
The Pakistan-German Wood Working Centre
in Peshawar (WWCP) is known for its high
quality teaching and places on its training
courses are much in demand. German advisors, who supported the WWCP until 1984,
attached a great deal of importance to giving teaching staff extremely comprehensive
training.
In addition the WWCP was a pioneer in
terms of making economical use of timber.
Its expertise in the field of timber-saving
techniques has been passed on to more than
400 workshops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Thus
efficiency gains of around 50 % have been
©Manfred Wehrmann
©Manfred Wehrmann
2002
Modern teaching requires well-trained
teachers. This is why Germany has supported
a comprehensive in-service training system
for teachers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, FATA
(2004) and Punjab (2006).
2006
An important step towards better basic
education is curricular reform, which is
promoted by Germany.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©Manfred Wehrmann
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
4,900 classrooms and a training centre for
women teachers were built or renovated
as part of a basic education programme in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa which was funded by
Germany.
Schools in Pakistan are starting to teach
according to the most modern teaching curricula, which also cover issues such as human
rights and environmental protection. The
curricula are introduced through new textbooks; so far 100 have been developed. And
this is just the beginning: more than 1,500
authors and publishers of textbooks from
throughout Pakistan have attended training
courses on developing modern materials for
pupils and teachers.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
More than 290,000 elementary school
teachers and over 60,000 elementary and
secondary school head teachers have attended training courses so far.
1992
The support focused on educational institu­
tions for girls and women – an important
contribution to giving children in rural parts
of Pakistan schooling, and thus providing
them with opportunities to overcome poverty.
in its own country. In return, debts totalling
at least this sum will be cancelled. In the case
of Pakistan, the debts cancelled were in fact
twice as high as the sum invested.
2005
As a result of debt swap programmes, the
Government of Pakistan has been able to
invest a total of EUR 76 million in building
schools and improving supplies of teaching
and learning materials.
The principle of debt swaps is that the partner country makes a commitment to Germany to provide funds for development projects
9
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
achieved in comparison to the 1960s. The
project has helped make businesses more
competitive and protect scarce resources.
Health
©GIZ Pakistan
Health conditions in Pakistan have improved considerably in the 64 years
since the country was founded. This is
borne out by health indicators such as
life expectancy and infant mortality
rates. However, there is still much to do
in the health sector. Only half of Pakistan’s population has access to medical
care. Progress in family planning and
maternal, newborn and child health has
slowed over the last 15 years, and high
population growth will have a substantial impact on society and health service delivery in the future.
1984
People with physical disabilities are often
excluded from social and professional life in
Pakistan.
The Pakistan Institute of Prosthetic and Orthotic Sciences (PIPOS), which was founded
in 1984 with German assistance, offers help.
To date, more than 250 students, including 73 women, have been trained in the
manufacture and fitting of artificial limbs. In
Peshawar alone they treat about 3,000 patients every year. Since 1998 PIPOS has been
operating as a successful autonomous, nonprofit institute.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Efficient and equitable health care for a healthy Pakistan
One of the main reasons for inadequate care is a lack of qualified personnel at health
facilities. Around 80 % of services are provided by private clinics and physicians, but
these are not subject to systematic quality control. Most people do not have health
insurance and cannot afford medical treatment. At the same time, and in addition to
infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), there is an alarming increase in ‘lifestyle’
diseases such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
I was in my fourth year of college when the
coughing first started. None of the
doctors I visited in Jamrud and Peshawar
were able to help me. A friend of my brother
finally told me about the TB Centre in Jamrud. There, the doctors diagnosed
tuberculosis.
©GIZ Pakistan
The news about my illness spread quickly.
Many people turned away from me because
they were afraid of getting ill. I dropped out
of college and felt very isolated. I received
free medical treatment, medication and
counselling at the TB Centre. Now I’m healthy and studying again. To all TB patients I say:
get help as soon as possible, because the disease can be cured.
Izharullah Yarzada, a former tuberculosis patient from Chinar Kili, Khyber agency
10
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
Since the 1980s the German Government has supported Pakistan through development projects and extensive debt swap programmes. Together with state and nongovernmental partners, Germany is helping to strengthen the health system so that
it is better equipped to provide the people of Pakistan with efficient and equitable
health services.
1990
The German Government has invested
about EUR 42 million in family planning programmes since the 1990s.
In collaboration with a Pakistani NGO, a wide
network of doctors, midwives and pharmacists has been established that now provides
improved reproductive health services to
poorer segments of the population, including counselling, contraceptives and medication.
Tuberculosis detection rates in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa rose from 28 % in 2003 to 92 % in
2009, while in FATA rates rose from 32 % in
2007 to 74 % in 2009. Together, development
cooperation partners are also building a
national blood bank system which will make
blood transfusions safer, enabling even poorer segments of the population to receive
pathogen-free blood.
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
2010
Thanks to funding from the German Federal
Ministry for Economic Cooperation and
Development (BMZ), construction began in
2010 on the extension of the TB department
of the Rawalpindi Leprosy Hospital. Here,
patients suffering from leprosy and TB are
treated free of charge.
Since the 1960s, charitable organisations
have worked towards curing and control11
An illiterate woman assesses the quality of
her medical treatment using pictograms – an
example of how international quality standards and Pakistani reality can be reconciled.
©GIZ Pakistan
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
The HSA now enjoys a reputation as a centre
of excellence and 38 % of its graduates holding masters’ degrees go on to work on policy
guidelines for the health sector. A total of
200 HSA graduates currently hold key positions in Pakistan’s health sector.
2010
The development of a quality management
system for public and private health care
providers is just one of the reform measures
on which German experts are advising the
Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the
Governor’s administration in FATA.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Germany supported the Health Services
Academy (HSA) in Islamabad, helping to
develop training courses for health professionals.
©Aid to Leprosy Patients
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
1993
ling these diseases, as well as reintegrating
patients into society. Last year alone, around
700 leprosy patients and 450 TB patients
were treated at the Rawalpindi Leprosy
Hospital.
Since 2004, Pakistan-German financial and
technical cooperation projects and programmes have been working to significantly
reduce the number of tuberculosis infections. Trained personnel, newly established
diagnostic centres and the delivery of essential medicines have all helped improve
diagnosis and treatment.
©KfW
©KfW
2004
Rural development
1984
Three quarters of the world’s two billion
poorest people live in rural areas. Rural
areas of Pakistan too, which are home
to about 65 % of the population, are
some of the poorest in the country. The
Government of Pakistan began to tackle
rural poverty back in the 1950s. Since
the 1980s, the Federal Republic of Germany has supported Pakistan in this task
with a range of development projects.
It became clear early on that people in rural areas can only improve their living
conditions if they play an active part in development activities. The key to this was establishing institutions that provide the rural population with a voice and enable them
to influence political, economic and social decision-making processes. It was particularly important to involve women in order to strengthen their role in society. With
future generations in mind, development programmes also aimed to raise awareness
among the rural population of sustainable practices and the protection of natural
resources.
The Pakistan-German development project
in Pattoki is considered to be one of the most
successful rural development concepts in
Pakistan. What began in the mid-1980s as a
project to raise the incomes of small dairy
farmers is now a well-functioning farmers’
organisation (Idara-e-Kissan). Under the
brand name Halla, it operates four dairies
and a milk powder factory. Profits are used
to provide members with services such as
the veterinary care of cattle and specialist
advice. This is clearly a successful approach,
since member farmers produce 25 % more
milk than the Punjabi average.
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
Rural development –
helping the rural population help themselves
Before the Pakistan-German development
project started in Pattoki they had to rely on
selling their produce through a system of
middlemen, which resulted in lower prices.
Today we collect the milk, check the fat content, and process and sell it under the brand name Halla. In this way we have cut out the
middlemen and the prices our members receive are 13 % higher.
Syed Amir Boichari, managing director of the dairy farmers’ organisation Idara-e-Kissan
12
©Wolfgang Ullrich
By joining forces in an organisation
(Idara-e-Kissan), dairy farmers in the region
have gained in every respect over the past
20 years. They have more influence on pricing and the quality of their milk, more knowledge of animal husbandry and above all
they have become more independent.
©Ernst Grosse-Herrenthey
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
The Pakistan-German rural development projects have now been completed. Nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) and representatives of civil society have remained as lasting and effective institutions and are driving development forward.
1993
If you visit Mardan today, you will find a series
of busy village and women’s organisations
that emerged from a Pakistan-German rural
development programme, which ended in
2000. It is through these organisations that
local people organise political decision-making processes and even manage their own
development funds. These funds are used
to finance infrastructure measures, environmental projects and social services.
Between 1967 and 1992 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
lost more than half of its forest cover. The
local population had not hitherto been involved in the management of state forests,
nor had they been accorded any rights of
use.
The Chashma Right Bank Irrigation Canal
supplies water to about 146,000 hectares
west of the Indus in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
and Punjab. The population uses the newly
irrigated land to grow rice, wheat, oil plants,
forage crops, cotton and sugarcane. The
project was jointly financed by Pakistan, Germany and the Asian Development Bank.
©Gerhard Payr
©Kurt Wagner
©GIZ / Faizan Khan
The programme also strengthened the role
of women: in newly established women’s
centres, women were able to acquire new
craft skills and learn more about health education, thus improving the family income.
©KfW
A project supported by the Federal Republic
of Germany in the Siran and Kaghan Valleys
involved the communities in decisionmaking processes for the first time, enabling
them to use forest products legally. The idea
worked. Soon the village communities were
heavily involved in forest protection and
reforestation measures. Upon completion of
the project, local project staff founded the
NGO Haashar that continues to support the
communities in their work.
13
©KfW
1992
©Kurt Wagner
1984
Good governance
In recent years, Pakistan has initiated
important reforms to consolidate democracy and reduce poverty. The new
constitution redefines the powers of
the Prime Minister and President and
grants the provinces more responsibilities.
However, Pakistan continues to face
major challenges. The border area has
long been affected by conflicts in Afghanistan and, since 2009, by hostilities on Pakistan’s terri­tory. The influx of refugees
and internally displaced persons is a drain on the scarce resources and social infrastructure of the region.
2005
Employees of the Federal Bureau of Statistics
(FBS) visit the markets during the first week
of each month and compare prices with
those of the previous month – a simple but
effective way of producing statistical data.
Since 2005, German experts have been advising the FBS, with a special focus on ways
of gathering data in line with international
standards. The top priority is to train staff.
One of the successes of the programme is
that the monthly consumer price index is
now available 10 days after the end of each
month.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Good governance – putting in place an enabling environment for Pakistan’s development
Since 2005, Germany has supported Pakistan in these processes. In 2010 a comprehensive programme was launched to support tax reform, to assist in the development of
the administration in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and to combat violence against women.
Peace-building, reconstruction and development measures in the border regions, including for Afghan refugees, are supported by Germany both bilaterally and multilaterally in collaboration with the World Bank and the Office of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
My son and I have been in the Darul-Aman
in Lahore for 12 days. We can stay here for
nine months. We have a roof over our head
and free board. I’m taking courses in sewing
and embroidery so that I can earn enough for
us to live on later. The shelter provides a lawyer, who advises me on legal questions. There
are also doctors here who treat us, and psychologists whom we can trust. A lot has been
done for us women in Punjab over the last
decades thanks to the women’s shelters. But
it is important that more women are aware
of their rights – also in marriage – and that they know who they can turn to for help.
Ayesha Jameel, a resident of the Darul-Aman women’s shelter, Lahore
14
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
An efficient, citizen-friendly administration is indispensable in order to strengthen the
confidence of citizens in the state. Beside higher tax revenues, the pro-poor distribution of public resources is critical to the financing of development activities. Citizens
must be guaranteed access to education, health, security and justice. It is particularly
important to strengthen the rights of women and eliminate discrimination.
2005
Many women in Pakistan have been victims
of domestic violence, yet it is estimated that
only about a fifth of all cases lead to prosecution.
In 2005, with the support of the Federal
Republic of Germany, the provincial government of Punjab started to act to prevent
violence against women and to help victims.
It did so above all by strengthening
institutions where women can seek help.
The staff of women’s shelters were given
professional training and advice. Now, all
34 women’s shelters in Punjab offer medical
care and legal advice.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
2010
©KfW
The Pakistan-German development programme helps the tax authority in terms of
organisational development and staff training.
2010
©KfW
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
With German participation, the UNHCR
launched a programme to support communities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa that have
hosted or are hosting Afghan refugees. So
far, 32 schools have been rebuilt, small-scale
infrastructure and health facilities have been
improved in 56 villages, and 79 municipalities and communities have received public
water supply.
These measures are intended to improve
social institutions and public services and
minimise the pressure on them caused by the
influx of Afghan refugees. Implementation
by the provincial government and NGOs, as
well as transparent, decentralised decisionmaking mechanisms strengthen local
participation and civil society. A total of 2.2
million people are expected to benefit from
the programme.
Under an agreement with the International
Monetary Fund, the Government of Pakistan
has announced that it will increase taxes,
reform the sales tax system and strengthen
the Federal Board of Revenue. The additional
revenue is needed to make the state more
effective and to enable it to deliver better
public services.
A representative of the Department of Local Government and Rural Development in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa discusses the first steps
involved in establishing a new municipal
constitution with a consultant. This is urgently needed to make municipal services more
effective and to thereby strengthen public
confidence in the state.
The municipal constitution, supported by
Germany, should specify for example, the
working relationship between levels of administration and clarify the roles between
the administration and elected councils.
The development programme aims to see
well-trained staff in the decentralised administrative units. To this end it advises the Local
Governance School in Peshawar on the training and further education of officials.
15
To ensure that the additional charges are
supported by the population, the programme emphasises strengthening the link
between taxpayers and the state through
public relations and media work.
©GIZ Pakistan
2009
Pakistan has one of the lowest tax rates in the
world.
Disaster relief and reconstruction
Disaster relief and reconstruction – fast and sustainable aid for those in need
©Malteser International
Two major natural disasters have struck
Pakistan in the last decade. In October
2005, an earthquake measuring 7.6 on
the Richter scale hit northern Pakistan
and neighbouring countries, resulting
in 70,000 deaths and leaving more than
three million people homeless while destroying much of the country’s infrastructure. In the summer of 2010, torrential monsoon rains flooded about
one-fifth of the country, damaging and
destroying 1.6 million homes and directly affecting more than 20 million people. These
natural disasters have set back Pakistan’s economic development by years.
2005
After the devastating earthquake, local communities carried out extensive rebuilding
work, including 5,600 houses in the Siran Valley with the help of a EUR 14 million financial
contribution from Germany.
The people in the earthquake-affected
region contributed more than their labour;
they also used their own funds to repair their
villages. Qualified local NGOs assisted in
the repair work, in particular supporting orphans, single women, the sick, older people
and minorities.
©KfW
Pakistan-German development cooperation programmes provided help on the
ground as did NGOs, faith-based organisations and UN organisations funded by the
German Government. They provided victims with food, water, medical aid and temporary shelter. Medium and long-term German assistance has helped the Government
of Pakistan to restore the livelihoods of those affected, to build roads, houses and
irrigation systems, to revive agricultural production and to better prepare for future
disasters.
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
.
When the Swat River burst its banks last
summer, it destroyed 15 houses in Charbagh,
the entire harvest and the irrigation channel
that provides our fields with water. Most of us
earn our living from farming and livestock
husbandry. Without the irrigation channel
we were unable to water our fields and so
could not produce crops or forage for our
livestock. Many villagers had to leave Charbagh to find work in other regions.
With the help of the Cash-for-Work programme we were able to reconstruct our water channel within three months and were paid money in return. Now my rice nursery will
be ready for transplantation in two weeks. After the flooding I didn’t think that this would
be possible due to the lack of water for irrigation. Water is the mother of agriculture and
now we have reunited the mother with her children.
Javed, Naway Kalay villager, Charbagh, Swat
16
©KfW
German citizens have also shown remarkable support and solidarity for flood victims
in Pakistan. By late summer 2010, they had given more than EUR 200 million in private
donations for relief efforts in Pakistan.
2006
The majority of people living in the earthquake-affected area depend on agriculture
to earn a living. The earthquake destroyed
their livelihoods – their homes, lands, crops
and livestock, as well as the roads and therefore their access to markets.
In order that those in the earthquake-hit
areas do not remain dependent on external
support, German aid organisations and their
partners in Pakistan worked together with
those affected, restoring houses, fields, irrigation systems and roads. They distributed
©Welthungerhilfe / Juergen Mika
Europe, which provides teaching, research
and consultancy.
2007
2010
The 2010 flood destroyed the fields and crops
of countless people in the flood-hit area.
A Centre for Disaster Preparedness and Management was established at the University of
Peshawar with links to universities in Asia and
17
The German Federal Ministry for Economic
Cooperation and Development (BMZ) funded numerous Cash-for-Work programmes,
which provided a new source of income
for those affected by the disaster. Villagers
repaired water channels, built houses and
cleared roads.
Women also contributed by producing blankets that were distributed to hospitals and to
others in need. In return they received wages
which allowed them and their families to survive until the next harvest.
Long-term development programmes are
now following on from the emergency assistance. They are advising municipal and
district authorities on how to plan and implement sustainable reconstruction.
Food, medical aid, tents and hygiene kits
were what the victims of the summer 2010
floods needed most for survival. German
aid agencies and financial and technical
cooperation programmes were on the spot
immediately to alleviate the worst effects of
the flood. In the first weeks and months after
the disaster they distributed food, clean
water and clothing. They rebuilt hospitals
and health centres and trained health care
professionals and local volunteers in first aid
and health care.
©GIZ Pakistan
In late 2008 the new Provincial Disaster
Management Authority started work. The
programme also initiated the development
of volunteer services, trained rescue units
and fire fighters and launched education
campaigns in the media and in schools.
2010
©Welthungerhilfe / Jens Grossmann
©GIZ Pakistan
©Federal Institute for Geosciences and
Natural Resources (BGR), Germany
In order that people are better prepared
for disasters like the 2005 earthquake, the
province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa developed
a disaster preparedness system with German
assistance.
The north of Pakistan is subject to many
geological risks. Earthquakes, landslides and
floods threaten villages and infrastructure.
To protect these and to improve disaster
management, natural hazards must be recorded methodically. The Geological Survey
of Pakistan is receiving assistance from German experts, who train staff and advise on
organisational development. Together they
are bringing land use planning into line with
the natural conditions in order to minimise
the impact of natural disasters in the future.
©CARE / Gressmann
©Welthungerhilfe / Florian Kopp
2009
©Malteser International
seeds, fertiliser and agricultural equipment
and, to ensure that land is sustainably used,
they trained farmers in organic and soilconserving farming techniques.
Political foundations
Political foundations – commitment to democracy and a strong civil society
©Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
In June 2011, I took part in a summer school
in Islamabad which had been organised by a
German political foundation, along with 37
young professionals from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Germany. We had many discussions about the challenges facing the region, particularly with respect to security,
stability and trade. In my opinion, it is important for Pakistanis and Afghans to exchange views on all levels and to develop a
common approach – this is the only way that
we can tackle the many tasks in the region.
The best thing about the summer school for
me was having the chance to meet people from different cultures and learn about their
views on politics and economics. International relations are far too important to be left to
the politicians alone.
Sannia Abdullah, a lecturer at the Department of Defence and Strategic Studies,
Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
18
Public awareness campaigns, international
conferences on topics such as ‘Women and
Religion’, research on the effects of climate
change on women – these are just some of
the activities of the women’s organisation
Shirkat Gah, which has been supported by a
German foundation since 1993.
Shirkat Gah, which means ‘place of participation’, is committed to the equal participation of women in Pakistan’s society. Besides
Shirkat Gah, political foundations promote
other women’s organisations that are dedicated to such issues as political education for
women and women’s rights in tribal areas.
©Heinrich Böll Stiftung
The foundations do not act on behalf of the German Government, but with its consent
and financial support.
1993
©Heinrich Böll Stiftung
©GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam
Five German political foundations are
currently active in Pakistan. These foundations, which have close links with the
political parties represented in the German Parliament, perform important development functions. In conjunction
with their partners, they strengthen key
institutions and actors who further democracy and civil society. Foundations
implement their projects with local
partner organisations, including parliamentary groups, trade unions and employers’ associations, think tanks, and women’s
and youth associations. German political foundations in Pakistan support, for instance,
the rule of law, fair labour relations, responsible media and environmental standards.
They promote good governance and human rights. They empower women and contribute to rapprochement and conflict transformation in the region through crossborder initiatives.
2000
2008
2009
Since 2000, workers’ and employers’ organisations have been able to share views and
find common solutions to common problems within the Workers Employers Bilateral
Council of Pakistan, a body unique within the
region.
What does Pakistan’s most famous cartoon
character – Gogi – have to do with citizens’
right to information? This right, which is a
basis for good governance, was enshrined
in law in 2002. However, since then citizens
have all too rarely demanded their rights.
The German Friendship Group in the Parliament of Pakistan is an initiative of a German
political foundation and the Pakistan Institute for Parliamentary Services. It consists of
members of the National Assembly as well as
senators from all major parties.
Their project is to establish parliamentary
dialogue between Germany and Pakistan.
The group aims to achieve a greater opening of the EU market for Pakistani products,
initiate dialogue with the parliaments of Afghanistan and India, and learn from the party
model of German democracy.
© Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
Since 2008, one foundation has been running a project on the right to information
with the Centre for Peace and Development
Initiatives as its main partner. Over the past
three years, the partners have informed
citizens about their right to information
through workshops, publications and a media campaign. The Gogi comics will also help
the many illiterate people in the country to
demand their rights.
19
© Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
© Friedrich Naumann Foundation
In May 2010, the group travelled to Germany
to meet with German politicians.
©Friedrich Naumann Foundation / Olaf Kellerhoff
© Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
©Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
Financial support for the Council has come
from a political foundation, which also
advised on its founding and regional development. Since it was founded, the body
has contributed significantly to the development of proposals for labour law reform, and
achieved a consensus on a national minimum
wage. In April 2011, the Council agreed on a
draft of the new labour law with the Sindh
provincial government. This dialogue will
continue at the national level and with other
provinces.
Published by the
Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ),
Division for Afghanistan and Pakistan
Edited by
BMZ, Division for Afghanistan and Pakistan
Design and Layout
Ira Olaleye, Eschborn
Printed by
Printmatic, Islamabad
Photo credits
Aid for Refugees & Orphans (ARO) Pakistan, Aid to Leprosy Patients, CARE / Gressmann, Ernst Grosse-Herrenthey, Federal Institute for
Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Germany, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Friedrich Naumann Foundation, Friedrich Naumann
Foundation / Olaf Kellerhoff, Gerhard Payr, GIZ Pakistan, GIZ / Faizan Khan, GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, KfW, KfW
Historical Group Archive, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Kurt Wagner, Malteser International, Manfred Wehrmann, Pakistan-German
Technical Training Centre Moghalpura Lahore, Robert Heuer, Welthungerhilfe / Florian Kopp, Welthungerhilfe / Jens Grossmann, Welthungerhilfe / Juergen Mika, Wolfgang Ullrich
As at
October 2011
Addresses of the BMZ offices
Bonn Office
Dahlmannstraße 4
53113 Bonn
Germany
Tel. +49 (0) 228 99 535 - 0
Fax +49 (0) 228 99 535 - 2500
[email protected]
www.bmz.de
Berlin Office
Stresemannstraße 94
10963 Berlin
Germany
Tel. + (0) 30 18 535 - 0
Fax + (0) 30 18 535 - 2501
Published by the
Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ),
Division for Afghanistan and Pakistan
Edited by
BMZ, Division for Afghanistan and Pakistan
Design and Layout
Ira Olaleye, Eschborn
Printed by
Dot Care, Lahore
Photo credits
Aid for Refugees & Orphans (ARO) Pakistan, Aid to Leprosy Patients, CARE / Gressmann, Ernst Grosse-Herrenthey, Federal Institute for
Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Germany, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Friedrich Naumann Foundation, Friedrich Naumann
Foundation / Olaf Kellerhoff, Gerhard Payr, GIZ Pakistan, GIZ / Faizan Khan, GIZ / Shabbir Hussain Imam, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, KfW, KfW
Historical Group Archive, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Kurt Wagner, Malteser International, Manfred Wehrmann, Pakistan-German
Technical Training Centre Moghalpura Lahore, Robert Heuer, Welthungerhilfe / Florian Kopp, Welthungerhilfe / Jens Grossmann, Welthungerhilfe / Juergen Mika, Wolfgang Ullrich
As at
October 2011
Addresses of the BMZ offices
Bonn Office
Dahlmannstraße 4
53113 Bonn
Germany
Tel. +49 (0) 228 99 535 - 0
Fax +49 (0) 228 99 535 - 2500
[email protected]
www.bmz.de
Berlin Office
Stresemannstraße 94
10963 Berlin
Germany
Tel. + (0) 30 18 535 - 0
Fax + (0) 30 18 535 - 2501