docuRep task4 final 21may - Department of Environment and

Transcription

Docume
D
enttatiion
n Re
epo
ortt
Task 4:
Initial steps on developing the
Operational Framework Plan for
the Regional ICRM Centers (RICs)
nt of IC
CRM Cente
C ers in
Esstablisshmen
Re
egionss II an
nd III
Parrt of Component B (ICRM and Biodiv
versity Conservation) of the
Inte
egrated Coastal
C
Re
esources Managem
M
ment Projecct (ICRMP
P)
Loa
an No. 2311-PHI/ Gra
ant 0071-P
PHI
21 May 2010
1
Contents
Contents ....................................................................................................................................................... i
List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. iv
List of Tables.............................................................................................................................................viii
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ ix
List of Appendices ..................................................................................................................................... xi
Index of Photos .........................................................................................................................................xiii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 1
1. Role of the RICs in Luzon ................................................................................................................... 2
2. State-of-Knowledge Workshops: initiating the RICs to understand their niches in the regions....... 3
2.1. State-of-Knowledge Workshop on the Babuyan Marine Corridor, 24 September
2009, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City ............................................................................................3
2.1.1. Opening ceremonies .........................................................................................................4
2.1.2. Presentations: State-of-knowledge in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC)..................5
2.1.2.1. BMC as a key biodiversity area ..........................................................................5
2.1.2.2. Oceanography of the Luzon Strait ......................................................................6
2.1.2.3. CSU-Aparri biodiversity studies along the Babuyan corridor ............................6
2.1.2.4. Research and management initiatives in the Babuyan Marine
Corridor: DENR Regional Office II ......................................................................7
2.1.2.5. Babuyan Channel initiatives: towards conservation and
management of fisheries resources in the North ...............................................8
2.1.2.6. Open Forum.........................................................................................................9
2.1.3. Closing program.............................................................................................................. 11
2.2. State-of-Knowledge Workshop on the Zambales Coast, 12 October 2009, CLSU
Training Center, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija .............................................................. 11
2.2.1. Opening ceremonies ...................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2. Presentations: State-of-knowledge in the Zambales Coast (ZC)................................. 13
2.2.2.1. Hazard assessment of the Bucao and Balin-Baquero river system,
Mt. Pinatubo, Zambales ................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.2. Coastal erosion and flooding in Zambales ...................................................... 14
2.2.2.3. Fisheries research, monitoring, and management initiatives in
Zambales (2005-2009) ..................................................................................... 15
2.2.2.4. Fisheries-related accomplishments of ICRMP in Zambales .......................... 16
i
2.2.2.5. Coastal oceanography of Zambales ............................................................... 17
2.2.2.6. RD&E and management initiatives of DENR (RO III and PENRO) on
the coastal and marine environment of Zambales ......................................... 17
2.2.2.7. ICRMP activities with participating coastal municipalities in Zambales ......... 18
2.2.2.8. SIKAT CRM Work in Zambales ....................................................................... 18
2.2.2.9. Masinloc ICRM Program: an Approach to Sustainable Ecosystem
Development..................................................................................................... 19
2.2.3. Closing program.............................................................................................................. 20
2.3. Summary: research and management interventions in the BMC and the ZC ......................... 20
3. Initial planning workshops: towards being functional RICs ..............................................................23
3.1. Operational planning with CSU-Aparri, 25 September 2009 .................................................... 24
3.1.1. Proposed RD&E agenda ................................................................................................ 24
3.1.1.1. Adaptive management of MPAs and MPA networks ..................................... 25
3.1.1.2. Ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management (EAFM) .................... 25
3.1.1.3. Improvement of the status of threatened species........................................... 26
3.1.1.4. Climate change adaptation .............................................................................. 26
3.1.2. Initial assessment of competence levels ....................................................................... 26
3.1.3. Proposed structure of RIC-II........................................................................................... 29
3.1.4. Expectations.................................................................................................................... 30
3.2. First meeting on the mode of cooperation between CLSU and RMTU, 4 September
2009, RMTU-Iba, Zambales; group visit to RMTU-Candelaria................................................. 31
3.3. Operational planning with CLSU and RMTU, 13 October 2009 ............................................... 37
3.3.1. Addenda to the State-of-Knowledge presentations ...................................................... 38
3.3.1.1. Floral diversity assessment of mangrove ecosystem in Masinloc,
Zambales .......................................................................................................... 38
3.3.1.2. Socio-economic impact of the establishment of fish sanctuary in
Candelaria, Zambales ...................................................................................... 39
3.3.1.3. Biodiversity studies along the Zambales Coast .............................................. 40
3.3.2. Finding the RIC’s niche: from perception of issues, recommending
interventions/ strategies/ research, to prioritizing research needs of the
Zambales Coast.............................................................................................................. 42
3.3.3. Proposed structure of RIC-III.......................................................................................... 45
3.3.4. Expectations.................................................................................................................... 46
ii
4. Proposed mechanisms for RIC functions .........................................................................................47
4.1. Biodiversity monitoring ................................................................................................................ 47
4.2. R&D capacity development ........................................................................................................ 47
4.3. IEC ............................................................................................................................................... 48
4.4. Networking and collaborative undertaking ................................................................................. 48
5. Funding and financial sustainability ..................................................................................................49
6. Schemes for the M&E of the RICs ....................................................................................................49
iii
List of Abbreviations
ADB
Asian Development Bank
AFMA
Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (of 1997; Republic Act 8435)
ARD
Assistant Regional Director (of DA-BFAR)
ASCOT
Aurora State College of Technology
BAS
Bureau of Agricultural Statistics
BFAR
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (of the Department of Agriculture, DA)
BMC
Babuyan Marine Corridor
CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity
CENRO
Community, Environment and Natural Resources Office/ Officer (of DENR)
CEO
Campus Executive Officer
CEP
Coastal and Environment Plan
CEZA
Cagayan Economic Zone Authority
CHED
Commission on Higher Education
CI-Philippines
Conservation International-Philippines
CLE
Coastal Law Enforcement (of LGUs)
CLSU
Central Luzon State University
CMMD
Coastal and Marine Management Division (of DENR)
COD
Center of Development (of CHED)
COE
Center of Excellence (of CHED)
CREE
Center for Rural Empowerment and the Environment
CRM
Coastal Resources Management
CRMP
Coastal Resources Management Plan (of LGUs)
CSU
Cagayan State University
CTI
Coral Triangle Initiative
CY
Calendar Year
DENR
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DILG
Department of Interior and Local Governments
EAFM
Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management
EBM
Ecosystem-Based Management
ENROZ
Environment and Natural Resources Office of Zambales (of the Provincial
Government, PG)
ENRP
Environment and Natural Resources Project
ENSO
El Niño Southern Oscillation
ERDB
Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (of DENR)
iv
List of Abbreviations – continued
ERDS
Ecosystems Research and Development Service (of DENR Regional Offices)
FARM
Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management (component of FDMP)
FARMC
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
FASPO
Foreign-Assisted and Special Projects Office
FDMP
Fisheries Development and Management Program (of SIKAT)
FGD
Focus group discussion
FISH-BE
Fisheries Information for Sustainable Harvest – BioEconomic Model
FLA
Fishpond Lease Agreement
FRMP
Fisheries Resources Management Project
FSP
Fisheries Sector Program
FTAP
Functionality, Transparency, Accountability and Participatory
GIS
Global Information System
HAB
Harmful Algal Bloom
HEI
Higher Education Institution
ICM
Integrated Coastal Management
ICRMP
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Project
IEC
Information, Education, and Communication
ISU
Isabela State University
IV
Importance value
KBA
Key Biodiversity Area
LGU
Local government unit
LMMA
Locally managed marine area
MAO
Municipal Agriculture Office/ Officer
MCEP
Municipal Coastal and Environment Plan
MCRMP
Municipal Coastal Resources Management Plan
MCS
Monitoring, Control and Surveillance
MERF
Marine Environment and Resources Foundation, Inc.
MFARMC
Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
MIS
Municipal Information System
MOA
Memorandum of Agreement
MOOE
Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses
MPA
Marine Protected Area
MSY
Maximum sustainable yield
NE
Northeast
v
NEDA
National Economic and Development Authority
NEUST
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
NGO
Non-government organization
NSAP
National Stock Assessment Program
NVSU
Nueva Viscaya State University
OD
Organizational development
OPAg
Office of the Provincial Agriculturist
OPCF
Ocean Park Conservation Foundation (Hong Kong)
PAM
Project Administration Memorandum (of ICRMP)
PAWB
Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau
PAWCZMS
Protected Areas, Wildlife, and Coastal Zone Management Service (of DENR
Regional Offices)
PCRA
Participatory coastal resources assessment
PG-ENRO
Provincial Government-Environment and Natural Resources Office/Officer
PENRO
Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office/ Officer (of DENR)
PIRE
Partnerships for International Research and Education (cf. Coral Triangle-PIRE
Project)
PMO
Project Management Office (of ICRMP)
PO
Peoples’ Organization
PSC
Project Steering Committee
R&D
Research and Development (also RD)
RD&E
Research, Development and Extension (also RDE)
RFO
Regional Fisheries Office (of DA-BFAR)
RFTC
Regional Fisheries Training Center (of DA-BFAR)
RIC
Regional ICRM Center
RING
Regional ICRM Network Group
RMTU
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
RO
Regional Office (of DENR)
ROS
Research and Outreach Station (of DA-BFAR)
RSC
Regional Steering Committee (of ICRMP)
RTD
Regional Technical Director (of DENR)
SCS
South China Sea
SCUBA
Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
SHDI
Shannon-Wiener diversity index
SHEI
Shannon-Wiener evenness index
SIKAT
Sentro para sa Ikauunlad ng Katutubong Agham at Teknolohiya
vi
SST
Sea surface temperature
SUC
State Universities and Colleges
TBD
To be determined
TNA
Training Needs Assessment
TWG
Technical Working Group
UPCIDS
University of the Philippines Center for Integrative Development Studies
UNDP
United Nations Development Programme
UNEP
United Nations Environment Programme
UPMSI
University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute
UPNIGS
University of the Philippines Institute of Geological Sciences
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
VMG
Vision, Mission, Goals
VP-RET
Vice-President for Research, Extension, and Training
WWF
World Wildlife Fund for Nature
ZC
Zambales Coast
vii
List of Tables
Page
Table 1 Integration of RDE and management initiatives in the Babuyan Marine Corridor
a/
b/
c/
(BMC) during the last 5 years. Legend: by CSU; by WWF-Philippines; by DENR-RO
d/
II; from NSAP, by BFAR-RFO II
21
Table 2 Integration of RDE and management initiatives in the Zambales Coast (ZC) during
a/
b/
c/
the last 5 years. Legend: by DENR-RO III (2007); from NSAP, by BFAR-RFO III; by
d/
e/
f/
DENR-RO III (2006); established since 1993; monitored by BFAR-RFO III; part of the
FARM component of the FDMP by SIKAT; g/ by DENR-RO III (2004); g/ led by BFAR-RFO
III and assisted by DENR-RO III (2008)
22
Table 3 Competence levels of staff in CSU-Aparri for RD&E that may be improved by
ICRMP. Legend for competence level: 1 – from none to limited, 2 – capable but needs
refresher training, 3 – expert, TBD – to be determined
27
Table 4 Research ideas perceived to be on top of the research needs of the Zambales
Coast (impact) and their achievability based on current staff competencies
44
viii
List of Figures
Page
Figure 1 Priority biodiversity corridors and provinces to receive interventions from ICRMP in Luzon
– (1) Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) and Cagayan province, (5) Zambales coast (ZC) and
Zambales province. (Source: ADB, 2006, Report and Recommendation of the President to the
Board of Directors, Proposed Loan and Administration of Grant from the Global Environment
Facility, Republic of the Philippines: Integrated Coastal Resources Management Project.)
2
Figure 2 Marine conservation priorities in the Babuyan Marine Corridor and the threats to marine
biodiversity in general, based on Corridors: 2002 Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities
(DENR/ CI-Philippines/ UPCIDS). In 2006, these sites have been identified as key biodiversity
areas or KBAs (CI Foundation Philippines/ DENR-PAWB/ Haribon Foundation)
5
Figure 3 The intrusion of the Kuroshio current into the South China Sea through the Luzon Strait is
one of several physical oceanographic processes that has direct impact on the biodiversity of the
BMC. Source: slide from the presentation cf. Meunier et al. (UPMSI)
6
Figure 4 Sites along the BMC where Cagayan State University-Aparri conducted ecological and
biodiversity studies since 1995. Source: slide from the presentation
6
Figure 5 Coral reef habitat assessments by DENR-RO II. Source: slide from the presentation
7
Figure 6 Estimates of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) for the BMC (1999 to 2004) by BFARRFO II. Source: slide from the presentation
8
Figure 7 Marine and coastal geologist Dr. F. Siringan showed pathways of lahar from Mt. Pinatubo
through the municipality of Botolan, Zambales and eventually into the South China Sea (left) as
well as indications of erosion in the Zambales Coast from coastline profiles taken in different
years (right). Source: Pdf versions of slide presentations cf. Siringan et al. (UPMSI/ UPNIGS)
13
Figure 8 Landing centers in Zambales monitored by BFAR-RFO III for the fisheries NSAP. Source:
slide from the presentation
15
Figure 9 Participation of the Provincial Government of Zambales in PCRAs for ICRMP. Source:
slide from the presentation
16
Figure 10 Persistent northward flow and eddies in the West Luzon Current that dominates in
waters off Luzon and the Zambales Coast. Source: slide from the presentation cf. Villanoy et al.
(UPMSI)
17
Figure 11 One of several management initiatives of DENR through the PENRO of Zambales (top)
and the initial RD&E efforts of the Regional Offices through the CEP (bottom). Source: slides
from the presentations
18
Figure 12 Ms. C. Reyes shared SIKAT’s Fisheries Development and Management Program
(FDMP) in Zambales. Source: slide from the presentation
19
Figure 13 Location of the four MPAs established by the LGU of Masinloc. Source: slide from the
presentation
19
Figure 14 The CEO of CSU-Aparri leads the RIC in Region II while the focal person/ Center
director and his deputy directly interact with research, extension, and administrative personnel,
as well as with prospective members of the RING.
29
Figure 15 On developing the RICs as functional units in the regions. Source: slide from the
presentation
37
ix
List of Figures – continued
Page
Figure 16 Responses of fishers in Masinloc and Subic on stopping their fishing and shifting
livelihoods. Source: slide from the presentation (cf. EBM)
41
Figure 17 Staff from both CLSU and RMTU take on management positions in the proposed
structure of RIC III.
45
Figure 18 Sources of funds to support the functions of the RICs – initially from ICRMP (first 2
bullets) and some counterpart allocation, and then possibly from external sources and organized
training. Source: slide from the presentation
49
x
List of Appendices
Reference
Page
Appendix 1 Correspondence exchange with RIC II focal person Prof Meliton Soriano on initial
arrangements for the state-of-knowledge and operational planning workshops for RIC II
3
Appendix 2 Invitation sent to Dr Simeon Rabanal Jr, CEO, CSU-Aparri, regarding the
proposed state-of-knowledge and operational planning workshops for RIC II
3
Appendix 3 Correspondence/ invitations sent to stakeholders of the Babuyan Marine Corridor
regarding the upcoming state-of-knowledge workshop
3
Appendix 4 Attendees to the session State-of-Knowledge and Management Initiatives in the
nd
Babuyan Marine Corridor, 24 September 2009, Blue Room, 2 Floor, Hotel Roma,
Tuguegarao City
4
Appendix 5 Program for the session State-of-Knowledge and Management Initiatives in the
nd
Babuyan Marine Corridor, 24 September 2009, Blue Room, 2 Floor, Hotel Roma,
Tuguegarao City
4
Appendix 6 State-of-knowledge presentation: The Babuyan Marine Corridor: a key biodiversity
area (Presenter: Dr Hildie Maria Nacorda, MERF-UPMSI)
5
Appendix 7 State-of-knowledge presentation: Oceanography of the Luzon Strait (Presenter: Dr
Gil Jacinto for Dr Laura David, UPMSI, Diliman, Quezon City)
6
Appendix 8 State-of-knowledge presentation: The Cagayan State University at Aparri
biodiversity studies along Babuyan Marine Corridor (Presenter: Dr Simeon Rabanal Jr, CEO,
CSU-Aparri, Aparri, Cagayan)
6
Appendix 9 State-of-knowledge presentation: Research and management initiatives in the
Babuyan Marine Corridor (Presenter: Ms Jam Flores, DENR-RO II, Tuguegarao City)
7
Appendix 10 State-of-knowledge presentation: Babuyan Channel initiatives: towards
conservation and management of fisheries resources in the north (Presenter: Dr Evelyn Ame
for RD Dr Jovita Ayson, BFAR-RFO II, Tuguegarao City)
8
Appendix 11 Correspondence exchange with RIC III focal person Dr Annie Melinda PazAlberto on initial arrangements for the state-of-knowledge and operational planning workshops
for RIC III
11
Appendix 12 Correspondence exchange with CLSU President Dr Ruben Sevilleja regarding
the proposed state-of-knowledge and operational planning workshops for RIC III
11
Appendix 13 Correspondence/ invitations sent to stakeholders of the Zambales Coast
regarding the upcoming state-of-knowledge workshop
11
Appendix 14 Attendees to the session State-of-Knowledge and Management Initiatives in the
Zambales Coast, 12 October 2009, RET Amphitheatre, CLSU, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
11
Appendix 15 Program for the session State-of-Knowledge and Management Initiatives in the
Zambales Coast, 12 October 2009, RET Amphitheatre, CLSU, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
13
Appendix 16 State-of-knowledge presentation: Hazard assessment of the Bucao and BalinBaquero River System, Mt Pinatubo, Zambales (Presenter: Dr Fernando Siringan, UPMSI)
13
Appendix 17 State-of-knowledge presentation: Coastal erosion and flooding in Zambales
(Presenter: Dr Fernando Siringan, UPMSI)
14
xi
Appendix 18 State-of-knowledge presentation: Fisheries research, monitoring and/or
management initiatives in Zambales (2005-2009) (Presenter: ARD Lilian Garcia, BFAR-RFO
III, Iba, Zambales)
15
Appendix 19 State-of-knowledge presentation: Accomplishment Report: Integrated Coastal
Resource Management Project (ICRMP) as of June 30, 2009 (Presenter: Mr Reynaldo
Reoligio, Provincial Fisheries Office, Iba, Zambales)
16
Appendix 20 State-of-knowledge presentation: Coastal oceanography of Zambales (Presenter:
Dr Gil Jacinto for Dr Cesar Villanoy, UPMSI, Diliman, Quezon City)
17
Appendix 21 State-of-knowledge presentation: DENR management initiatives on the coastal
and marine environment of Zambales, 2005-2009 (Presenter: PENRO Nelson Gorospe,
PENRO, Iba, Zambales)
17
Appendix 22 State-of-knowledge presentation: RDE initiatives of DENR-3 on the coastal and
marine environment of Zambales: Ecosystems Research and Development Service
(Presenter: PENRO Nelson Gorospe for RTD Juliet Texon, DENR-ERDS, Iba, Zambales)
18
Appendix 23 State-of-knowledge presentation: Fisheries Development and Management
Program (FDMP) – Zambales (Presenter: Ms Cristina Reyes, SIKAT Zambales Field Office)
18
Appendix 24 State-of-knowledge presentation: Masinloc ICRM Program: an approach to
sustainable ecosystem development (Presenter: Mr Oscar Empeño, CRM Office, Masinloc,
Zambales)
19
Appendix 25 Correspondence exchange with RIC II focal person Prof Meliton Soriano
regarding facility layout/ refurbishment costs and the RIC II organizational structure
29
Appendix 26 Attendees to the initial discussion on the operational arrangements between
CLSU and RMTU for the RIC facility,4 September 2009, Conference Room, Office of the
President, RMTU, Iba, Zambales
31
Appendix 27 Attendees to the Operational Framework Planning Workshop for RIC III, 13
October 2009, CLSU, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
37
Appendix 28 Overview of the Operational Framework Planning Workshop for RIC III
(Presenter: Ms Melen Dizon)
37
Appendix 29 State-of-knowledge presentation addendum #1 – Floral diversity assessment of
mangrove ecosystem in Masinloc, Zambales (Presenter: Prof Rowena Remojo-Sazon, RMTU)
38
Appendix 30 State-of-knowledge addendum #2 – Socio-economic impact of the establishment
of fish sanctuary in Candelaria, Zambales (Presenter: Prof Jurelac Marquez, RMTU)
39
Appendix 31 State-of-knowledge addendum #3 – Reversing Environmental Degradation
Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand: Philippine National Coral Reef Point
(MERF-UPMSI Report, January 2003 – December 2008) (Presenter: Dr Perry Aliño, MERFUPMSI)
40
Appendix 32 Area scanning mechanics facilitated by Ms Melen Dizon for the core group in RIC
III
42
Appendix 33 Correspondence exchange with RIC III focal person Dr Annie Melinda PazAlberto regarding facility layout/ refurbishment costs and the RIC III organizational structure
45
xii
Index of Photos
Page
22 September 2009, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City: (left photo) National Coordinator for ICRMP
Dr. Lucena Mercado giving the opening remarks; (right photo) MERF-UPMSI Project Leader Dr.
Gil Jacinto stating the rationale for the State-of-Knowledge Workshop.
4
24 September 2009, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City: Participants to the session on the State-ofKnowledge in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) were staff of DENR (FASPO, RO II, PGENROCagayan), BFAR (RFO II, RFTC-Aparri), CSU – Aparri (designated RIC for the Region), CSU –
main, NVSU, CEZA, and a representative of local government units of Sta. Teresita, Cagayan.
10
12 October 2009, Opening program of the State-of-Knowledge Workshop, RET, CLSU,
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija: (top photo) President of CLSU Dr. Ruben Sevilleja
delivering the Opening Remarks, and RTD Juliet Texon (bottom photo) of DENR-RO III articulating
her experiences in her message.
12
12 October 2009, CLSU, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija: Participants to the session on the
State-of-Knowledge in the Zambales Coast (ZC) were staff of DENR (FASPO, RO III-ERDS,
PENRO-Zambales, CENRO-Masinloc), BFAR (RFO III, ROS), CLSU (designated RIC for the
Region), RMTU (designated host of the RIC facility, hence, collaborator of the RIC), NEUST,
ASCOT, PG-ENRO (Zambales), SIKAT, and representatives of local government units of
Zambales (Botolan, Masinloc, Castillejos).
20
4 September 2009, RMTU, Iba, Zambales: The ADB review mission, together with staff of DENR,
visited RMTU and met with its key officials, officials of CLSU, and Project staff from MERF-UPMSI.
The mission team, composed of (left to right) Ms. Lorna Enjaynes (Associate Operations Analyst),
Team Leader Tosio Kondo? (Senior Natural Resources Management Specialist?), and Ms. Maria
Lourdes Drilon (Natural Resources Economist), was welcomed to RMTU by its President, Dr.
Feliciano Rosete (rightmost).
32
4 September 2009, Iba, Zambales: Attendees to the first meeting on the mode of cooperation
between CLSU and RMTU for the RIC of Region III – (seated, left to right) – Dr. Gil Jacinto (Team
Leader, MERF-UPMSI), Ms. Juanita Nacino (DENR-FASPO), Dr. Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto (RIC
Focal Person, CLSU), Ms. Melen Dizon (MERF-UPMSI), and CLSU President Dr. Ruben Sevilleja;
(standing, left to right) – Mr. Keith Carloy (RMTU-Candelaria), Ms Maricel Edurain (RMTUCandelaria), staff from RMTU-Candelaria (name undisclosed), Dr. Perry Aliño (MERF-UPMSI), Mr.
Michael Lopez (DENR-RO III), Dr. Terry Abella (RIC Focal Person, CLSU), Dr. Elizabeth Farin (VP
for Research, Extension and Training, RMTU), Prof. Jimmy Avecilla (Executive Dean, RMTUCandelaria), and Prof. Randy Balaoing (RMTU-Candelaria)
37
xiii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In September 2009, the Project Steering Committee approved Resolution 09-002, which
designated the Cagayan State University (CSU) – Aparri Campus and the Central Luzon State
University (CLSU) as the Regional ICRM Centers (RICs) in Regions II and III, respectively. The
Center facility in Region II shall be located within the campus premises of CSU while that in
Region III shall be located in Ramon Magsaysay Technological University (RMTU) – Candelaria
Campus. The latter shall be operated by CLSU together with RMTU. In January 2010, the
Regional Steering Committee of ICRMP in Region III approved Resolution 09-002, which
endorsed the recommendation of designating CLSU as the RIC for Region III and of CLSU
running the Center facility in RMTU-Candelaria together with RMTU.
To jump-start the establishment phase of the Regional ICRM Centers in these two Regions of
Luzon, the University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute, through the Marine Environment
and Resources Foundation, Inc., engaged both CSU and CLSU in organizing the State-ofKnowledge and Operational Planning Workshop in their respective regions. The State-ofKnowledge Workshops, held to update active stakeholders of research, development and
extension (RD&E) initiatives in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) and the Zambales Coast (ZC)
that have been undertaken during the last 5 years, were conducted to allow the RICs to recognize
their respective strategic niches in the regions. These sessions were followed by initial
Operational Planning Workshops, wherein CSU and CLSU faculty identified specific issues and
knowledge gaps in the target key marine biodiversity areas and the thematic concerns in the
context of from Ridge to Reef, their potential partners for the RD&E program, and details of
Center operations.
This document is a compilation of the proceedings of the state-of knowledge and initial
operational planning workshop sessions held in Tuguegarao City for RIC II and in the Science
City of Muñoz (Nueva Ecija) for RIC III. The proceedings of the first meeting of CLSU and RMTU
officials and staff together on 4 September 2009 in RMTU-Iba is included to demonstrate the
cooperative character of both HEIs. The Centers listed (a) themes for their marine corridortargeted research, (b) specific commitments, and (c) the expectations from their partners. Finally,
the means to carry out the functions of the Centers, funding options, and the schemes for the
Centers’ M&E are proposed.
1
Documentation Report
Task 4: Initial steps on developing the Operational Framework
Plan for the Regional ICRM Centers (RICs)
1. Role of the RICs in Luzon
The Regional ICRM Centers or RICs were envisioned by the Project as (a) hubs for
biodiversity monitoring and research, (b) hubs for training and demonstration activities, and
(c) focal points for undertaking Information, Education and Communications (IEC)
campaigns. In Luzon, these Centers shall facilitate the convergence of individuals and
institutions involved in the CRM efforts in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) (1 in Fig. 1)
and the Zambales coast (ZC) (5 in Fig. 1), and tackle research/ monitoring and training/
demonstration activities on biodiversity conservation in these target marine corridors. The
Centers are also expected to engage other groups and institutions (including those in the
private sector) as well as with stakeholders at the locality or habitat(s) needing intervention
to discuss, plan, implement, and complement needed interventions related to CRM and
biodiversity conservation. As focal points for undertaking IEC campaigns, the Centers are,
foremost, to draw attention to the significance of the challenges and the ways to reduce
threats to the BMC and ZC, classified as “extremely high” and “very high to high” priority
conservation areas1.
These campaigns shall “be developed and implemented in
1
5
Figure 2 Priority biodiversity corridors and provinces to receive interventions from ICRMP in Luzon – (1) Babuyan Marine
Corridor (BMC) and Cagayan province, (5) Zambales coast (ZC) and Zambales province. (Source: ADB, 2006, Report
and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors, Proposed Loan and Administration of Grant from the
Global Environment Facility, Republic of the Philippines: Integrated Coastal Resources Management Project.)
1
DENR. 2002. Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities: A Second Iteration of the National Biodiversity Strategy and
Action Plan. Manila, Philippines.
2
coordination with the ongoing works under the communication, education, and public
awareness program of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)”2.
In September 2009, the Marine Science Institute of the University of the Philippines
(UPMSI), through the Marine Environment and Resources Foundation, Inc. (MERF),
informed CSU-Aparri and the Central Luzon State University (CLSU) as the hosts of the
RICs for Regions II and III, respectively.
They have been informed that the
recommendation has been received well by the Foreign-Assisted and Special Projects
Office (FASPO) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and was
then undergoing the process of being formally endorsed through Resolution 09-002 by the
Project Steering Committee (PSC). Both HEIs were also informed that soon after the
endorsement of the Resolution, the Secretary of DENR shall be sending each of them an
official communication of their institution’s designation as RIC and of further arrangements
to follow, including a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with DENR through the Regional
Offices (ROs).
2. State-of-Knowledge Workshops: initiating the RICs to
understand their niches in the regions
To jump-start the establishment phase of the RICs in the two regions of Luzon, MERFUPMSI engaged both CSU-Aparri and CLSU in taking part in the two-day State-ofKnowledge and Operational Planning Workshop for Regions II and III. The first day of the
workshops tackled the present state-of-knowledge on the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC)
and the Zambales Coast (ZC) with invited talks from academic institutions, DENR, BFAR,
NGOs, and other stakeholders who are active in these areas. This workshop was
supposed to be an opportunity for the RICs to identify knowledge gaps related to marine
biodiversity conservation and their potential partners for RD&E.
2.1. State-of-Knowledge Workshop on the Babuyan Marine
Corridor, 24 September 2009, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City
A series of consultations on the proposal to convene the workshop with CSU-Aparri
was made with focal point person Prof. Meliton Soriano (Appendix 1), following
which the formal communication was sent to CSU-Aparri (Appendix 2). Mr. Soriano
immediately confirmed the core group’s availability for the event; hence, invitations
to academic institutions, partner agencies, NGOs, and other stakeholders in the
region were sent out (Appendix 3). The letters enjoined the institutions to contribute
their research, monitoring, and/or management initiatives in the BMC during the last
5 years. The state-of-knowledge program was then finalized based on confirmations
received.
2
ADB. 2007. Project Administration Memorandum. PHI: Integrated Coastal Resources Management. Manila, Philippines.
3
2.1
1.1.
Open
ning ceremo
onies
During the ope
ening progra
am (Appendix 4), participants who made it to the event
were recognize
ed and ackno
owledged; th
hey represen
nted 11 institutions (Appe
endix 5),
nam
mely, CSU-Carig, CSU
U-Aparri, DE
ENR-FASPO,, DENR-RO
O II, BFAR-Regional
Fissheries Office
e (RFO) II, BFAR-Regio
B
nal Fisheriess Training C
Center (RFTC
C)-Aparri,
Pro
ovincial Gove
ernment of Cagayan,
C
Nu
ueva Viscayya State Univversity (NVS
SU), local
govvernment un
nits of Caga
ayan (Sanch
hez-Mira an
nd Sta. Tere
esita), and Cagayan
Eco
onomic Zone
e Auhority (C
CEZA).
On behalf of RTD
R
Henry Patricio of DENR-RO
D
II, Dr. Lucena Mercado, National
Coordinator forr ICRMP (DE
ENRF-FASPO
O) gave the opening
o
rem
marks. She prrovided a
brie
ef overview of
o the ADB-ffunded Proje
ect and brieflly mentioned
d its components, the
targ
get sites for the interven
ntions, and financing
f
me
echanisms. She also sta
ated that
the
e host of the ICRM Centter for the Re
egion is the Cagayan Sttate University-Aparri
Campus, as re
ecommended
d by MERF--UPMSI. The RIC shall serve as a hub for
bio
odiversity monitoring, train
ning, informa
ation, and ressearch initiattives for the corridor.
c
Dr. Gil S. Jacin
nto, Professo
or of UPMSI and Project Leader of th
his undertakiing, gave
the
e overview and
a
rationale
e of the worrkshop. He reiterated
r
the need to abate
a
the
sevvere loss off biodiversityy in the Bab
buyan Corrid
dor, which iss among the
e priority
ma
arine biodiversity corridors and ecos
systems considered by ICRMP. Drr. Jacinto
elucidated thatt part of the ICRMP com
mponent on Biodiversity Conservatio
on is the
esttablishment of
o Regional ICRM
I
Centers (RICs), fo
oreseen as th
he hub of bio
odiversity
Together with
ressearch and monitoring.
m
w partners in biodiverssity conserva
ation, the
RIC
Cs are to co
oordinate, if not lead, th
he capacity developmen
nt of stakeholders in
scie
ence-based management. In Regiion II, the establishmen
e
nt of Region
nal ICRM
Network Group
ps (RINGs) iss also envisioned as an outcome of this partners
ship, with
parrticipation fro
om academ
mic institution
ns, e.g., NV
VSU and ISU
U, local gov
vernment
units, private se
ector, and pe
eople’s organ
nizations. Dr. Jacinto strressed that the vision
for a strengthe
ened and in
nstitutionalized Center that
t
provide
es the assis
stance in
ressearch and monitoring
m
ne
eeds of the BMC.
B
Eventu
ually, adjacen
nt corridors, and their
22 September 20099, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao
T
Cityy: (left
p
photo)
National Coordinator for ICRMP Dr. Lucena Mercado
giving the openingg remarks; (right photo) MERF-UP
PMSI
P
Project
Leader Drr. Gil Jacinto statiing the rationale for
f the
S
State-of-Knowledg
ge Workshop.
4
partners and other stakeholders may have distinct roles and contributions towards
the attainment of this vision. Dr. Jacinto disclosed that for the workshop, the sharing
of what is known in the BMC was to help identify knowledge gaps and to become a
basis for the Center’s research agenda for the BMC.
In his brief message, CSU Vice-President for Research and Extension Affairs Dr.
Rogelio Matalang, expressed his appreciation to MERF-UPMSI and DENR for
endorsing CSU-Aparri as the RIC for Region II through ICRMP. He also articulated
his hope that, through the Project, the College of Fisheries in Aparri eventually
returns to its status as CHED Center of Excellence in fisheries. As a contribution to
environmental conservation, Dr. Matalang reported that the University uses its radio
station for community broadcasting (information campaign) targeting local
communities and covering relevant local issues.
2.1.2.
Presentations: State-of-knowledge in the Babuyan Marine Corridor
(BMC)
There were five presentations in this session (Appendix 4), namely, (a) the BMC as
a key biodiversity area (KBA), (b) the oceanography of the Luzon Strait, (c) CSUAparri’s biodiversity studies along the Babuyan Corridor, (d) research and
management initiatives of DENR in the BMC, and (e) the Babuyan Channel
initiatives of BFAR towards the conservation of fisheries resources in the north.
2.1.2.1.
BMC as a key biodiversity area
Dr. Hildie Maria Nacorda (MERF-UPMSI) discussed the significance of north
Philippines as already a biologically diverse region and the BMC having priority
conservation sites (Fig. 2) and key biodiversity areas (KBAs) (Appendix 6). She
emphasized on large marine mammals known to be in the corridor and the red
seaweeds that are uniquely present in this part of the country. She cited the threats
to biodiversity, and called the attention on the need to effectively manage the marine
corridor.
Threats:
Figure 2 Marine conservation priorities in
the Babuyan Marine Corridor and the
threats to marine biodiversity in general,
based on Corridors: 2002 Philippine
Biodiversity Conservation Priorities
(DENR/ CI-Philippines/ UPCIDS). In 2006,
these sites have been identified as key
biodiversity areas or KBAs (CI Foundation
Philippines/ DENR-PAWB/ Haribon
Foundation).
Marine
conservation
priorities: 3 of 36
1. Destructive fishing
BATANES:
Very high
2. Poaching
3. Mining exploration
4. Overexploitation
BABUYANES:
Extremely high
5. Coral collection
6. Sedimentation
7. Local pollution
8. Harvesting of
sharks & dolphins
TAPAL‐STA ANA‐
VALLEY PT:
Extremely high
5
2.1.2.22.
Oceano
ography of th
he Luzon Sttrait
Dr. Jacinto shared the stu
udies
und
dertaken byy the Phyysical
Oceanography core grou
up of
UP
PMSI led by Dr. Laura David
D
and
d
Dr.
C
Cesar
Villlanoy
(Ap
ppendix 7).. He cited
d the
oce
eanographic processes in the
Luzzon Strait an
nd the BMC, i.e.,
(a) the meeting
g of waters from
the
e South China Sea (SCS) and
Paccific Ocean, (b) propag
gating
their
eve
ents
(tides
and
cha
aracteristics, internal waves
w
Figu
ure 3 The intrusiion of the Kuroshhio current into the South
dettected at up to 200 m de
epth),
Chhina Sea throughh the Luzon Straitt is one of severaal physical
occeanographic proocesses that has direct impact on the
(c) intrusions of
o the Kurosh
hio to
bioodiversity of the BMC.
B
Source: slide from the pressentation
the
e SCS thro
ough the Luzon
L
cf.. Meunier et al. (U
UPMSI)
Strrait (Fig. 3), (d) sea su
urface
tem
mperature (S
SST) signaturres of
the
e El Niño Sou
uthern Oscillation (ENSO
O) and their te
emporal variiability, and upwelling
u
eve
ents. He pa
articularly hig
ghlighted tha
at the modelss show estim
mated SST in
ncreases
are
e highest in the
t BMC. Studies
S
have
e also shown
n that (a) adults of spiny
y lobsters
were more abundant after the
t NE mons
soon, (b) the distribution of juveniles and eggbea
aring females mostly con
ncentrated du
uring May in the N Pacifiic, and (c) th
he lobster
fish
hery in Vietna
am may likelly be depend
dent on Philip
ppines’ supp
ply. Dr. Jacin
nto noted
the
e potential im
mpact on coastal/offsho
c
ore biologica
al resourcess in the BM
MC, most
esp
pecially since
e the ecoregion may be the
t most vuln
nerable to cliimate change
e.
2.1.2.33.
CSU-Ap
parri biodive
ersity studiess along the B
Babuyan corridor
Campus Execu
utive Officerr Dr. Simeon
n Rabanal, Jr. provided
d the contex
xt of why
CS
SU-Aparri hass been involvved in severral biodiversitty studies in the BMC, i.e
e., in line
with CSU-Aparrri’s functionss and its form
mer status ass center of e
excellence (C
COE) and
cen
nter of development (CO
OD) of
the
e Commission on Higher
Education (CHED), and cu
urrent
dessignation as Regional Center
He
for Fisheries Education.
sho
owed a list of rese
earch
sub
bjects that CSU-Aparri has
tacckled, their study
s
sites (Fig.
4), and how re
esults have been
disseminated so
s far. He also
me
entioned
W
WWF,
UP
PMSI,
BFAR and privvate agencie
es as
the
eir lead and/o
or collaborato
ors in
Figu
ure 4 Sites alongg the BMC wheree Cagayan State
the
e initiatives (A
Appendix 8)).
Unniversity-Aparri conducted
c
ecologgical and biodiverrsity
studies since 19955. Source: slide ffrom the presentaation
6
2.1.2.4.
Research and management initiatives in the Babuyan Marine
Corridor: DENR Regional Office II
Ms. Jam Flores, ICRMP Staff of DENR Region II (PAWCZMS) presented their
initiatives in the BMC, focusing on CRM activities (Appendix 9). She cited efforts on
participatory coastal resource assessments (PCRAs) in 8 municipalities of Cagayan,
of which 4 municipalities were able to utilize the results for their respective Municipal
Coastal Environment Profiles (MCEPs). DENR was also involved in (a) Municipal
Coastal Resources Management Plans (MCRMPs) for 2009-2013 were drafted in 3
municipalities, (b) 7 municipalities committed to establishing marine protected areas
(MPAs) and 4 municipalities actualizing the commitment, and (c) the municipality of
Gonzaga designated its Coastal Law Enforcement Team.
They hope that
throughout the implementation of ICRMP, the CRM process in the other
municipalities gets completed and the advocacy on establishing and strengthening
MPAs continues.
She also indicated that, based
on their assessments in 4
municipalities between 2000 and
2002 (Fig. 5), coral reef cover
ranged from good to excellent.
DENR also participated in (a)
surveys conducted by World
Wildlife
Fund
(WWF)
on
humpback whales off Calayan,
Camiguin, Fuga Islands (2005),
(b)
activities
related
to
Figure 5 Coral reef habitat assessments by DENR-RO II.
Source: slide from the presentation
stakeholder research and planning
for
the
sustainable
development in the coastal zone in the Babuyan Islands sponsored by the Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences (2007-2008), and (c) activities related to science
and community-based conservation of humpback whales and other cetaceans in the
Babuyan Islands under the auspices of the Center for Rural Empowerment and
Environment (CREE) and the Ocean Park Conservation Foundation-Hong Kong
(OPCF). Ms. Flores also enumerated the four-fold objectives of Projects (b) and (c).
The objectives of the Project (b) were:
•
to monitor the status and minimum abundance of humpback whales in the
Babuyan Islands;
•
to determine the extent of man-made disturbance to the whales and
destruction of their breeding habitat in the islands;
•
to assess the cetacean-fishery interactions in the islands; and
•
to provide scientific data for and facilitate the design of an adaptive
biodiversity conservation action plan for the Babuyan Islands and their
breeding habitat and conserve the rich biodiversity of the islands (marine
and terrestrial) in general.
7
The
e objectives of Project (cc) were:
•
mplementation
n and refinin
ng of the
to provvide support for the first steps of im
conservvation action
n plan for the
e Babuyan Islands particcularly of sus
stainable
coastall zone manag
gement;
•
to conttinue monitoring the status and distrribution of hu
umpback wh
hales and
other cetaceans in the Babuyan
n Islands;
•
d facilitate th
he establishm
ment of guide
elines for
to provvide scientificc data for and
responsible whale watching
w
and
d ecotourism
m around the islands; and
•
to mon
nitor and mittigate threatts to cetacea
ans and its habitats aro
ound the
Babuya
an Islands.
2.1.2.55.
Babuya
an Channel initiatives: to
owards consservation and
d
manage
ement of fish
heries resou
urces in the North
Dr. Evelyn Ame
e of BFAR-R
RFO II discus
ssed fisheriess information
n and manag
gement in
the
e region (Appendix 10), beginning with
w fishing grounds
g
in th
he Babuyan Corridor
and
d the northern Pacific se
eaboard, inla
and resource
es, and fishe
eries of the Cagayan
Rivver. She alsso enumeratted the 10 operational fa
acilities of BF
FAR-RFO II where 5
are
e managed in
n Cagayan and
a the locattions of majo
or and minorr fish ports. For R&D
inittiatives, Dr. Ame
A
reported
d aspects of the following
g:
•
surveyss for the Na
ational Stock Assessmen
nt Program ((NSAP) cond
ducted in
nearshore and offsshore waters
s, along with the fisheries yields off various
fishing gears (com
mmercial and
d municipal),, catch com
mposition of recorded
landing
gs (vertebrattes and inve
ertebrates), exploitation rates of top
p 10 fish
speciess, and the esstimates of maximum
m
susstainable yie
eld (MSY) in the BMC
(Fig. 6));
•
PCRA efforts in 12
1 municipalities, with initial resultss for coral reef and
seagrass conditionss as well as fish
f
biodiverssity;
•
endang
gered and ecconomicallyy
impo
ortant
speciess, focused on the
reprodu
uctive biolog
gy of
the ‘lu
udong’ or lobed
river mullet
m
(Cestrraeus
is
plicatilis
is)
that
endemic in the re
egion,
assesssment studie
es on
soft shell shrimps or
araman
ng (Nematopaand
laemon
n
sp.),
assesssment and cultivation studies
s
on th
he red
seawee
eds Porphyrra and
Gracila
aria; and,
Figure 6 Estimates of
o maximum susttainable yield (MS
SY) for
2
by BFAR-R
RFO II. Source: slide
s
from
thee BMC (1999 to 2004)
thee presentation
8
•
bathymetric surveys and environmental studies along the Cagayan River,
Buguey Lagoon, and Sta.Ana, as well as Kuroshio current-related initiatives.
BFAR-RFO II has also undertaken response measures for marine mammal
stranding and rescue operations and for the presence of foreign poachers. The unit
was also involved in the establishment of fish sanctuaries in 6 municipalities. For
extension, BFAR-RFO II was able to provide livelihood and training activities and
technology demonstrations. Dr. Ame concluded her talk with a list of major
environmental, technical, and institutional issues in the region.
2.1.2.6.
Open Forum
Issues raised during the discussion that followed all the presentations included the
following:
(1)
Question (Ms. Agnes Gervacio, MAO, Sta. Teresita):
conducted in Sta. Teresita not reported by DENR?
Why was the PCRA
Response (Dr. Mercado): The report made by Ms. Flores referred only to
DENR-initiated PCRAs, which were then still under the CEP, but which are now
part of tasks of the Coastal Marine Management Division (CMMD). It is also
part of BFAR’s tasks to conduct PCRAs in the target municipalities of ICRMP.
(2) Question: Are PCRA reports made available to the public?
Response: Results are forwarded to the LGU after critique.
Comment (Dr. Jacinto): The dissemination of results from PCRAs may be one
of the specific activities of the RIC. There is, however, a challenge to present the
results in layman’s terms to make it useful and relevant to the community. The
RIC may take on the role of consolidating information and making it available
through the internet, print these, and/or use media (e.g., radio programs) to
share it to the public.
(3) Comment (Dr. Reynald delos Trinos, Nueva Viscaya State University, NVSU):
My observation is that there is no concerted effort among the three implementing
agencies, i.e., they do their activities independently. One role of the RIC may be
to organize these efforts for the BMC to avoid overlap and duplication.
(4) Comment (Dr. Romeo Culasing, CSU-Aparri): What is now known is the state of
fisheries but the aspect of management was not explicitly discussed. Based on
the presentations, there seems to be a need to draft a management plan for the
Babuyan Marine Corridor. Management should be a concerted effort of all
stakeholders. It should also be an integrated plan that cuts across sectors,
interdisciplinary, i.e., must include not only scientific basis but also socioeconomics.
Response: the following suggestions were put forward:
9
closed and open seasons for
harvests of critical species and/or
critical stages of their life cycle.
There is a need for studies to
determine the biology and
ecology of critical species;
•
establishment
and
effective
management of MPAs and/or fish
sanctuaries. There have been
advocacies on the LGUs to
establish MPAs but the response
is very low. There is a need to
support advocacies with scientific
basis;
•
information may be shared to
stakeholders (and the rest of the
world) by loading these up in a
platform such as Google Earth;
•
alternative livelihood enterprise
options for fishers – this may
have to be emphasized in
ICRMP’s
component
on
enterprise development, which
supports backyard- or cottagebased enterprises; and,
•
patrolling
and
coastal
law
enforcement – the experience of
the LGU of Rizal, who continually
conducts patrolling against illegal
fishers using dynamite and
cyanide in the Cagayan River,
may be echoed throughout the
BMC.
24 September 2009, Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City: Participants to the session on the State-of-Knowledge in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) were staff of DENR (FASPO, RO II, PGENRO-Cagayan),
BFAR (RFO II, RFTC-Aparri), CSU – Aparri (designated RIC for the Region), CSU – main, NVSU, CEZA, and a representative of local government units of Sta. Teresita, Cagayan .
•
10
2.1.3.
Closing program
As an advice prior to closing the session, Dr. Jacinto urged the participants to visit
the Google Earth platform (www.earth.google.com) and zoom in at the BMC and the
region. He said that with the increased frequency of guest visits, resolutions of
particular scenes in Google Earth get enhanced and become updated, hence, more
vivid.
Dr. Jacinto thanked everyone for their time for the Workshop, distributed certificates
of participation and certificates of appearance, and then invited everyone to lunch
before leaving the Workshop.
2.2. State-of-Knowledge Workshop on the Zambales Coast, 12
October 2009, CLSU Training Center, Science City of Muñoz,
Nueva Ecija
For Region III, convening the Workshop was initially coordinated with focal point
person Dr. Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto (Appendix 11), following which, the formal
communication was sent to CLSU (Appendix 12). Invitations to academic
institutions, partner agencies, NGOs, and other stakeholders in the region were sent
out (Appendix 13) after CLSU President Dr. Ruben Sevilleja agreed to the schedule
and program flow (Appendix 12). The invitees were enjoined to contribute their
research and monitoring results and/or management initiatives in the Zambales
Coast during the last 5 years. The state-of-knowledge program was then finalized
based on confirmations received.
2.2.1.
Opening ceremonies
The participants who made it to the workshop represented 14 institutions (Appendix
14), namely, CLSU, Ramon Magsaysay Technological University (RMTU), Aurora
State College of Technology (ASCOT), Nueva Viscaya University of Science and
Technology (NEUST), DENR-FASPO, DENR-RO III, DENR-Provincial Environment
and Natural Resources Office (PENRO), DENR-Community Environment and
Natural Resources Office (CENRO) (Masinloc), BFAR-RFO III, BFAR-Research and
Outreach Station (ROS) (Masinloc), the Provincial Government of Zambales, LGUs
(Botolan, Subic, Castillejos), and the Sentro para sa Ikauunlad ng Katutubong
Agham at Teknolohiya (SIKAT).
In his Opening Remarks, CLSU President Dr. Sevilleja acknowledged the presence
of everyone and especially cited the Zambales-based guests who traveled early and
through long distances. He disclosed that the designation of CLSU as RIC for the
Region is a welcomed opportunity for CLSU to act on its mandate to conduct
research, training, and extension work on coastal conservation, to collaborate with
RMTU, and to engage in activities with DENR, BFAR, and MERF-UPMSI.
11
Reg
gional Technical Directtor (RTD) for Research
(DENR-RO III) Ms. Juliet Texon articulated, in her
h
messsage to the
e group, he
er experience
es on coastal
enviironmental planning
p
with then DENR
R Secretary Dr.
D
Angel Alcala, and her shared ch
hallenge with
colle
eagues, i.e.,, of making concrete moves
m
towards
reallly improving
g the practice of coasstal resources
man
nagement in the region.
For an overview
w and indica
ation of exp
pectations, Dr.
D
Jacinto stated th
he context of
o the RICs within
w
ICRM
MP,
the engagement
e
t of CLSU ass the RIC in the
t region, and
CLS
SU’s partnersship with RM
MTU in its RD&E
R
functio
on.
Dr. Jacinto
J
state
ed that the Sttate-of-Know
wledge sessio
on
was convened to help the RIC co
onsolidate th
he
know
wledge products in the Zambales
Z
C
Coast
(ZC) and
iden
ntify gaps and determin
ne potential research and
exte
ension prog
grams to support the effective
man
nagement off the ZC. Th
he expected
d outputs we
ere
the state of knowledge of
o the ZC and maps of
rese
earch and ma
anagement interventions in the area.
Dr. Perry Aliño (MERF-UPM
(
MSI) shared the
t concept of
the RING in hiis talk Fello
owship of th
he RING, and
high
hlighted the SE Asian re
egion as the
e hottest of all
marine biodive
ersity hotspo
ots, the Coral
C
Triang
gle
Initia
ative (CTI) and the value of coral reefs in the
coun
ntry in terms of eco
onomic ben
nefits, severral
scientific investigations on marine biod
diversity in the
coun
ntry, and th
he need to fast-track efforts
e
towards
achiieving the go
oal of fully protecting
p
att least 10% of
the country’s co
oral reefs. As
A part of th
he establishin
ng
the RICs, Dr. Aliño
A
put forrward four major
m
research
area
as, all of which rank high
h
in the priority of th
he
natio
onal researcch agenda, th
hat the RICss may focus on
o
for the
t
Zambale
es Coast. He
H also show
wed the thre
ee
obje
ectives for the RICs, each with speciffied indicatorrs,
FTA
AP system and stand
dards, and responsibility
centters. One off these objecctives was establishing the
RING, which was
w
envision
ned to (a) provide vallue
adde
ed RDE con
ntributions to
owards strengthening and
a
susttaining ICRM
MP in the re
egion, (b) facilitate ICRM
MP
outccomes in ma
arine biodive
ersity conserrvation throu
ugh
adap
ptive manag
gement strategies, and (c) synergiize
capa
acities and find opporttunities to build
b
technic
cal
supp
port
and
outreach
of
R&
&D,
throu
ugh
com
mplementation and coope
erative effortts. Finally, Dr.
D
Aliño
o explained the
t significan
nce of the RIING in line
12 October 2009, Oppening program
m of the
Statee-of-Knowledge Workshop, RET
T, CLSU,
Scien
nce City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija: (top
photoo) President of C
CLSU Dr. Ruben Sevilleja
deliveering the Opening Remarks, and
a RTD
Juliett Texon (bottom
m photo) of DEN
NR-RO III
articuulating her experiences in her messsage.
12
with the larg
ge-marine ecosystems
s/ marine corridor a
approach, and
a
the
com
mplementatio
on of protecttion and ICM
M for the ma
arine corridorr approach. He also
cite
ed exampless of larval dispersal modeling
m
studies and fissh/coral rec
cruitment,
surrvival and grrowth monito
oring studies
s conducted in three MP
PAs. The fiinal slide
sho
owed suggesstions on nexxt steps.
2.2.
2.2
Prese
entations: State-of-kno
S
owledge in the Zamba
ales Coast (Z
ZC)
The
ere were 9 presentations
p
s in this sess
sion (Appendix 15) and the following
g are the
sum
mmaries of th
he talks, including short discussions
d
a clarificattions in betw
and
ween.
2.2.2.11.
Hazard assessmen
nt of the Buccao and Balin-Baquero river
r
bo, Zambale
es
system,, Mt. Pinatub
Dr. Fernando Siringan,
S
marrine and coastal geologisst and Professsor (UPMSI), gave a
bacckground on
n the work that
t
he and his colleagues Dr. Kellvin Rodolfo and Dr.
Ma
ahar Lagmayy did since th
he early 1990
0s (Appendix 16). He ccited the vulnerability
of the municip
pality of Bo
otolan
from
m the threa
at of pyroclasticflow
w deposits th
hat feed the Balin
Baq
quero – Buccao lahar sysstem,
desscribed the caldera-brea
akout
patth of the dep
posits throug
gh the
Ma
araunot Notcch, the contrrol of
typ
phoons passsing through
h the
are
ea, the scenarios that may
cau
use the posssibility of future
f
cra
ater lake bre
eakouts, and
d the
and
patthways
off
lahar
floo
odwaters as these reach the
dow
wnstream arrea (Fig. 7, top).
Dr. Siringan brriefed the bo
ody of
the
e status of the channelss and
dikkes for laharr and floodw
waters
and
d then cited their recom
mmendattions for the shortt-term
(repairing the dikes,
d
monittoring
of river and dikke during the
e rest
of the rainy season espe
ecially
durring high pre
ecipitation evvents,
and
d regular monitoring
m
of the
Ma
araunot Notcch) and the longFiguree 7 Marine and coastal geologisst Dr. F. Siringan showed
term
m (dike brea
aching during
g the
pathways of lahar froom Mt. Pinatubo tthrough the municipality of
dryy season, inducing the
a eventually innto the South China
C
Sea
Botoolan, Zambales and
(left)) as well as indiccations of erosioon in the Zambales Coast
low
wering of th
he river bed
d by
from
m coastline profilees taken in differrent years (right).. Source:
dre
edging at th
he river mo
outh).
Pdf versions of slidee presentations ccf. Siringan et al.. (UPMSI/
He added that developm
ment
UPN
NIGS)
13
plans for Botolan should take into account the delivery by the 2002 lahar of a large
amount of loose materials not too far upstream, which can be easily remobilized,
thus leading to further elevation of the Bucao River bed and increasing the likelihood
of dike breaching.
2.2.2.2.
Coastal erosion and flooding in Zambales
Dr. Siringan also presented a perspective on coastal erosion and flooding in
Zambales (Appendix 17), beginning with the likelihood of the Zambales coastline
undergoing large accretion due to the voluminous sandy material left by the 1991
eruption of Mr. Pinatubo. He then described the coastline changes based on images
of 1944 to 1995 and from recent anecdotal accounts, and highlighted the changes in
the mouth of the Bucao River vis-à-vis the Sto. Tomas and Pamatawan Rivers. In
connection with sea level rise, Dr. Siringan noted that the Zambales coastline has
eroded ~150 m along the north flank of Maloma River (Fig. 7, bottom). Although it
was expected that with rising sea level, coasts would accrete for as long as the
amount of sediment input more than offsets the effect of the rise, coastal segments
in Zambales that are not fed directly by rivers appear to be undergoing erosion,
despite overall elevated sediment input. To end, Dr. Siringan suggested that there
are other events in Zambales that are worth looking at, e.g., HABs and the role of
warming seas and eutrophication, coastal erosion and coral reefs, and the resilience
of coral reefs to warming seas.
Open Forum
(1)
Question (Dr. Elizabeth Farin, VP-RET, RMTU): What is the status of the Sto.
Tomas River, which may potentially affect the municipalities of San Marcelino,
San Narciso, and Castillejos?
Response (Dr. Siringan): There is no work on that yet; the area has been
worked on by Dr. Kelvin Rodolfo and he had recommended dike repair. We,
however, cannot engineer everything, since the amount of pyroclastic material
is still going down and there still are useless concrete structures in the
mountains.
(2) Question (Prof. Jurelac Marquez, RMTU): The provincial government and the
LGU have plans to construct a megadike, continuing on from the severed dike.
Will this be helpful? If not, what do you recommend?
Response (Dr. Siringan): The dike will work for only a few years and then it will
give way. There is a need to ask the people of their options, i.e., to continue to
witness people drowning, being buried alive in sand, or being inconvenienced
with moving out of the area.
(3) Comment (Dr. Apolinario Yambot, CLSU): Would it be possible to relocate the
people to the raised riverbed and then to construct a bridge?
Response (Dr. Siringan): It will be dusty in that location but yes, it is possible to
relocate to that area. The caveat is that the area is too hot and the ground is
14
not yet ha
ard, hence, unstable.
u
Th
he idea is go
ood, but therre are other elevated
areas arou
und.
(4
4) Questionss (Mr. Dionissio Galeng, MAO, Boto
olan): There
re are at lea
ast three
sources of
o water that come down
n to Botolan.. These are
e potentially about to
wash out Brgy. Carae
el. About 50 houses havve already been carried away by
the South China SEA (SCS) and not by waters from Mt. P
Pinatubo. There
T
are
people fro
om 9 barang
gays now te
emporarily re
elocated to d
different cen
nters and
they are to
t be relocatted again be
ecause of the hazards. What will ha
appen to
people in these temporary reloca
ation centerss? Also, the
e area seem
ms barren
and witho
out trees – will
w no plants
s/trees ever thrive there?
? Because I noticed
that the ro
ocks there are
a similar to
o with those in Palawan and Palawa
an would
have treess.
2.2.2.33.
Fisherie
es research, monitoring,, and manag
gement initia
atives in
Zambales (2005-20
009)
Asssistant Regio
onal Directorr Lilian Garcia (BFAR-RF
FO III) provid
ded an updatte of their
mo
onitoring initia
atives in land
ding centers for the NSAP
P (Fig. 8) an
nd the various studies
und
dertaken by ROS, name
ely, (a) grow
w-out culture and season
nality of the seaweed
s
Kap
ppaphycus alvarezii,
a
(b)) stock and fishery investigation of commercial shallowwater sea cucu
umber species, (c) adap
ptation trial on the pen grow-out off the sea
cuccumber Holo
othuria scabrra and rearin
ng of the sea
a urchin Trip
pneustes gra
atilla, and
(d) tank culture and broo
odstock dev
velopment of
o the abalo
one Haliotis
s asinina
(Ap
ppendix 18)). ARD Ga
arcia also prresented the
eir monitorin
ng and man
nagement
inittiatives in Za
ambales – CRM,
C
fish
h sanctuarie
es/ fish habitat
enh
hancement, and artificial reefs
in Sta. Cruz, Olongapo, and
Subic; red tide
e monitoring in 4
site
es in Masin
nloc; FARMC
Cs in
alre
eady 12 municipalities; and
asp
pects on monitoring, co
ontrol
and
d surveillancce (MCS), leasing
and
d
licenssing
serrvices
(pa
articularly for commercial
fish
hing vesselss), and fish
hpond
lea
ase agreements (FLAs).
Figu
ure 8 Landing ceenters in Zambales monitored by BFARRF
FO III for the fisheries NSAP. Source: slide from the
t
prresentation
Op
pen Forum
Question (Dr.
(
Hildie Maria
M
Nacorda, MERF-UP
PMSI): Wou
uld there be a way for
us to acce
ess the resultts and/or dattabases?
Response
e (ARD Garccia): Yes, anytime
a
whe
en people n
need these they can
consult an
nd we will givve it. These are for the people; we arre very much
h open.
15
2.2.2.44.
Fisherie
es-related ac
ccomplishments of ICRM
MP in Zamb
bales
Mr.. Reynaldo Reoligio, Prrovincial Fish
heries Office
er of Zamba
ales, presen
nted their
acccomplishmen
nts up till Jun
ne 2009 (Appendix 19), including a m
matrix of the
eir annual
work plan for CY 2009. The Provin
ncial Office initiated the
e reorganiza
ation and
stre
engthening of
o FARMCs in the 10 LGUs particip
pating in the
e Project thro
ough the
Fed
deration of MFARMCs
M
and by condu
ucting training
g on fishery law enforcem
ment and
dep
putization of fish ward
dens (in collaboration with
w
BFAR). The Offfice also
parrticipated in actual PCR
RAs in 30 ba
arangays of 3 municipa
alities (Fig. 9).
9
With
reg
gards to theirr work plan, Mr. Reoligio
o focused on six program
ms/ projects/ activities
for the year – (a
a) production
n and
sup
(b)
pport
s
services,
esttablishment of new area
as for
agrribusiness development
d
t, (c)
esttablishment of techno-d
demo
pro
ojects, (d) re
eduction of prices
p
of
wage
g
goods
thrrough
pro
oductivity en
nhancement, (e)
posst harvest support
s
servvices,
and
d (f) regulato
ory services.. Mr.
Reoligio also mentioned
m
o
output
indicators, targets, loca
ations
and
d
the
implementtation
sch
hedule
of
the
various
pro
ojects/ activities.
(1)
Figu
ure 9 Participatioon of the Provinciial Government of
o
Zaambales in PCRA
As for ICRMP. Soource: slide from the
preesentation
Question (Dr. Annie Melinda
M
Paz
z-Alberto, CL
LSU): Sa mg
ga nagawa na pong
programa ng ICRMP sa Zambales, ano po an
ng masasab
bi ninyo, ito po
p ba ay
nagpa-imp
prove sa esta
ado ng Zamb
bales Coast?
?
Response
e (Mr. Reolig
gio): Malaki ang naitulon
ng. Ngunit kkung ang mg
ga tao ay
hindi makikisama ayy wala rin pong magiging epekkto. Ang maliit
m
na
partisipasyyon ng mga tao ay nakak
kapagpagan
nda na agad ng resulta. In
n totality,
not everytthing has imp
proved, but illegal
i
fishing
g has been m
minimized, i.e
e., in Sta.
Cruz and Candelaria.
2) Question (Dr. Paz-A
Alberto): Would
W
you have
h
data and results
s on the
(2
assessme
ents of coral reefs and mangroves, an
nd can we access your data
d
from
the differe
ent sites?
Response
e (Mr. Reolig
gio): All the
e data are forwarded
f
to
o BFAR, the
ey would
usually furrnish us with the results.
16
2.2.2.55.
Coastall oceanography of Zamb
bales
Dr. Jacinto presented the work
w
of the Physical
P
Oce
eanography ccore group of
o UPMSI
led by Dr. Ce
esar Villanoyy. The influ
uence of the
e circulation
n of the SC
CS highly
influenced the observed circulation of
o coastal waters
w
off th
he Zambale
es Coast
(Ap
ppendix 20). Part of the
e work of Fang (2007) wa
as shown, i.e
e., that curre
ents west
of Luzon and off Zambale
es were gen
nerally north
hward throug
ghout the ye
ear, thus
nam
med the ‘We
est Luzon Current’. Suc
ch feature of the West L
Luzon Curre
ent would
havve implicatio
ons in materiial transport (pollutants, larvae), whicch may be entrained
e
by eddies (Fig.. 10) as show
wn by some circulation models.
m
The
e West Luzon
n Current
also brings with it warm waters
w
from the
t
south, so
o that sea ssurface temp
peratures
(SS
STs) off Za
ambales and
d the
resst of western Luzon are
warmer than eastern Lu
uzon.
Lasstly,
the
exce
ept
for
em
mbayment ne
ear Masinlocc, the
Zam
mbales coa
ast is gene
erally
stra
aight. The embayment may
serrve as entrainment areass and
ressidence time
e of waters (and
hen
nce, particle
es) are expe
ected
to be longer th
han the adja
acent
stra
aight coast..
Such lo
onger
ressidence time may be linkked to
Figure 10 Persistennt northward flow
w and eddies in thhe West
Luzon
L
Current
tha
at
dominates
in
w
waters off Luzon and
a the
the
e problem on
o harmful algal
Zambales
Z
Coast. Source: slide froom the presentattion cf.
blo
ooms (HABs)) in the area.
Villanoy
V
et al. (UP
PMSI)
2.2.2.66.
RD&E and
a manage
ement initiatiives of DENR (RO III an
nd
PENRO
O) on the coa
astal and ma
arine environment of Za
ambales
PE
ENRO Nelso
on Gorospe of Zambale
es shared the
t
initiatives of DENR
R-PENRO
(Za
ambales) and
d of RO III (on
( behalf off RTD Texon
n of ERDS). He reporte
ed on the
PE
ENRO’s regular activities for the coas
stal and marrine environm
ment of Zam
mbales as
well as manag
gement proje
ects from 20
005 to 2009 (Appendix 21), highlighting the
Ma
asinloc Oyon
n Bay Proteccted Seascap
pes, the Bio
odiversity Co
onservation Program,
P
and
d Trees for Life. The PENRO
P
is also
a
into the
e manageme
ent and protection of
ma
angroves (Fig. 11, top) and
a
provides
s assistance
e in the esta
ablishment of
o marine
san
nctuaries an
nd in assesssments of coastal
c
areass. They alsso participatte in the
mo
onitoring of coastal
c
areass around the
e Masinloc Coal-Fired
C
Thermal Plan
nt. Since
200
07, the PEN
NRO has bee
en actively involved with
h ICRMP and has partic
cipated in
the
e Project’s various workshops,
w
consultative
e meetings,, orientation
ns, IEC
cam
mpaigns, PC
CRAs, and activities
a
on implementin
ng ICRM plans. They were
w
also
parrticipants to advocacy
a
acctivities and te
echnical train
nings.
17
Fro
om RO III’s ERDS, PE
ENRO
Go
orospe show
wed the lisst of
ressearch and
d manage
ement
inittiatives undertaken by the
Divvision from 1993 to 1998,
1
und
der the Coastal Environment
Pro
ogram (CE
EP) (Fig. 11,
botttom; Appen
ndix 22). The
Pro
ogram was transferred
d to
PA
AWCZMS aftter 1998 an
nd in
the
e following 5 years, R&D
acttivities had been low
w in
prio
ority. Activitties on the th
heme
ressumed in 20
004 and a liist of
inittiatives up to
o 2008 was also
sho
own.
Figure 11 One of several managgement
initiatives of DE
ENR through the
PENRO of Zam
mbales (top) and the
initial RD&E effforts of the Regioonal
Offices throughh the CEP (bottom).
Source: slides from the presenttations
2.2.2.77.
ICRMP activities wiith participatting coastal municipalitie
es in
Zambales
Mss. Liberty Hillario, ENROZ-Provincial Focal Person for ICRM
MP, corroborrated the
rep
port of Mr. Reoligio on
o the various activitie
es that the
eir Office staff
s
and
rep
presentativess of local go
overnment units
u
have participated
p
iin since 200
07. She
sho
owed docum
mentation pho
otos of the various
v
functtions they ha
ave all been involved
in – workshopss, meetings, orientations, seminars, trainings, and
d site visits facilitated
f
by DENR and BFAR
B
throug
gh the Projec
ct.
2.2.2.88.
SIKAT CRM
C
Work in
i Zambaless
Fie
eld manager Ms. Cristina
a Reyes repo
orted on the various CRM
M initiatives of
o SIKAT
in Zambales (Appendix 23), focus
sing on the
e Fisheries Development and
Ma
anagement Program
P
(FD
DMP; Fig. 12).
1
Its com
mponents in
ncluded worrk on (a)
com
mmunity org
ganizing an
nd popular education, (b) fisherie
es aquatic resource
ma
anagement, which
w
involvved establish
hing locally managed m
marine areas (LMMA)
tha
at cover 5 coral reefs and
d projects on mangroves and their rehabilitation, (c)
( policy
ressearch/ advocacy and en
nforcement to
o strengthen
n FARMCs and the Banta
ay Dagat
and
d keep fisherrfolks informed on issues
s, (d) sustain
nable livelihood and micro
o-finance
sup
pport to peo
oples’ organ
nizations (PO
Os) and entterprises, an
nd communiity-based
soccial servicess. Ms. Re
eyes also shared CRM
M learnings, based on SIKAT’s
exp
perience with at least 8 municipalitties in Zamb
bales, and n
noted details
s on law
enfforcement, community
c
empowerme
ent, formatio
on of comm
munity organ
nizations,
18
ven
nue for lea
arnings, de
efined
role
es of stakeh
holders, and
d the
nee
ed for contiinued monittoring
and
d research. Her conclu
uding
slid
des empha
asized fishe
erfolk
ten
nurial securitty as a presssing
con
ncern.
Fig
gure 12 Ms. C. Reyes
R
shared SIK
KAT’s Fisheries
Development
D
andd Management Prrogram (FDMP) in
Zambales.
Z
Sourcce: slide from the presentation
2.2.2.99.
Masinlo
oc ICRM Pro
ogram: an Approach to S
Sustainable
Ecosysttem Develop
pment
On behalf of Hon.
H
Mayor Jessu
J
Edora of Masinlocc, Zambales, Mr. Oscar Empeño,
Jr. (CRM staff, LGU of Massinloc) was to
t have articulated the co
oastal resources and
fish
heries mana
agement of Masinloc, Zambales (Appendix
(
24). Mr. Empeño,
how
wever, was only
o
able to show a few slides becau
use of an un
nexpected po
ower cutoff..
The resst of the presentation
p
consisted of results from recentt survey
asssessments of
o seagrass, coral reefs, and mangro
oves, as we
ell as 16 coa
astal and
ma
arine environ
nment progra
ams – past and presentt – in which the LGU has been/
con
ntinues to be
e directly invvolved with, or which they have inittiated. Masiinloc has
also established four MPAss in San Salv
vador, Taclo
obo Farm, Pa
anglit, and Bani
B
(Fig.
13)).
Figure 13 Location of the four
f MPAs established by the LGU of
Masinlocc. Source: slide from
f
the presentaation
19
2.2
2.3.
Closin
ng program
m
Dr. Jacinto tha
anked everyo
one for coming over to share
s
their kknowledge and
a
time,
enccouraged all to support the establishment and strrengthening phases of th
he RIC in
Region III thro
ough activitie
es in ICRMP
P, and to co
ontinue the cooperation
n beyond
Pro
oject life, as
a envisione
ed.
The participants obtained their certific
cates of
parrticipation/ atttendance fro
om the Secrretariat and then proceeded to the mess
m
hall
for early dinnerr.
122 October 2009, CLSU, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva
N
Ecija: Paarticipants to the session on the S
State-of-Knowledgge in the
Z
Zambales
Coastt (ZC) were staff of
o DENR (FASPO
O, RO III-ERDS, PENRO-Zambales, CENRO-Massinloc), BFAR (RF
FO III,
ROS), CLSU (deesignated RIC forr the Region), RM
MTU (designated host of the RIC facility,
f
hence, coollaborator of the RIC),
NEUST, ASCOT
T, PG-ENRO (Zam
mbales), SIKAT, and representatives of local goveernment units of ZZambales (Botolaan,
Masinloc, Castilleejos).
2.3. Su
ummary: research
r
and mana
agement interventtions in th
he
BM
MC and th
he ZC
Inp
puts during the state--of-knowledge workshop
ps were in
ntegrated and then
sum
mmarized ass tables. Forr the BMC (T
Table 1):
(1) biodiversitty research
h conducted by CSU-A
Aparri were baseline inv
ventories
and/or monitoring worrk on phyto
oplankton, marine
m
macrrophytes (se
eaweeds,
seagrassess, mangrove
es and ma
angrove-asso
ociates), co
ommercially-important
macro-inve
ertebrates, fish and sha
arks, and th
he soft shelll shrimp (‘aramang’)
fishery. WW
WF-Philippin
nes led the su
urvey on cetaceans in 20
005;
pendently ca
arried out as
ssessments of coral reefs/ reef
(2) DENR-RO II has indep
fishes in se
elected LGUs while BFAR-RFO II con
ntinued mon
nitoring com
mmercial
20
Table 1 Integration of RDE and management initiatives in the Babuyan Marine Corridor (BMC) during the
a/
b/
c/
d/
last 5 years. Legend: by CSU; by WWF-Philippines; by DENR-RO II; from NSAP, by BFAR-RFO
II
RDE/ Management initiatives, last 5 years
Coastal municipalities
Cagayan (BMC)
Biodiversity
a/
studies
Coastal resource
c/
assessments
z
z
Fish stock
d/
assessments
z
Sta Praxedes
Claveria
1. Oceanography of the Luzon
Strait (UPMSI);
z
z
Sanchez Mira
2. Biology of ludong (BFAR-RFO
II);
Pamplona
Abulug
3. Aramang fishery assessment
(BFAR-RFO II); and,
Ballesteros
z
z
Buguey
z
z
Sta Teresita
z
Gonzaga
z
Sta Ana
z
Calayan
z
Aparri
Lal-lo
Cagayan (BMC)
4. Assessment/ cultivation of red
seaweeds Porphyra and
Gracilaria (BFAR-RFO II)
z
z
b/
z
z
PCRAs
MPAs, fish sanctuaries
MPA advocacy
z
c/ d/
z
c/ d/
z
Claveria
z
d/
z
d/
z
Sanchez Mira
z
c/
z
c/
z
Pamplona
z
d/
Abulug
z
c/ d/
Ballesteros
z
d/
Aparri
z
c/ d/
z
d/
Sta Praxedes
Others
Lal-lo
c/
MCEPs/
c/
CRMPs
z
z
c/ d/
z
d/
z
d/
z
c/ d/
z
c/ d/
z
z
Sta Ana
z
c/ d/
z
z
Calayan
z
c/ d/
z
Sta Teresita
Gonzaga
c/
z
z
Buguey
CLE
z
and municipal fish stocks through the National Stock Assessment Program
(NSAP); and,
(3) other BMC-related studies include oceanography of the Luzon Strait (UPMSI),
investigations on the biology of lobed river mullets or ‘ludong’, assessments of
soft shell shrimp or aramang fishery, and assessment and cultivation of red
seaweeds Porphyra and Gracilaria (BFAR-RFO II).
Table 1 shows that the coastal municipalities participated in PCRAs conducted in
Cagayan through the combined efforts of BFAR and DENR in the region. Results of
these have been summarized and shared during the workshop by BFAR-RFO II as
status of coastal resources (coral benthos, seagrasses, fish diversity) for four
21
Table 2 Integration of RDE and management initiatives in the Zambales Coast (ZC) during the last 5 years.
a/
by DENR-RO III (2007); b/ from NSAP, by BFAR-RFO III; c/ by DENR-RO III (2006); d/
Legend:
established since 1993; by CSU; e/ monitored by BFAR-RFO III; f/ part of the FARM component of the
FDMP by SIKAT; g/ by DENR-RO III (2004); g/ mostly led by BFAR-RFO III and assisted by DENR-RO III
(2008); led by SIKAT in the 4 municipalities with LMMAs
Zambales (ZC)
Coastal resource
assessments
Fisheries
b/
assessments
Sta Cruz
z
z
z
c/ e/
Candelaria
z
z
z
c/
Masinloc
z
z
z
c/ d/
Palauig
z
Iba
z
Botolan
Protected areas,
fish sanctuaries
z
c/ d/
z
c/
z
c/
z
a/
1. Hazard assessment of the
Bucao and Balin-Baquero
river system, Mt. Pinatubo
(UPNIGS/UPMSI);
2. Coastal erosion and flooding
in Zambales
(UPNIGS/UPMSI);
Cabangan
San Felipe
z
a/
3. Coastal oceanography of
Zambales (UPMSI)
San Narciso
a/
San Antonio
Subic
a/
z
a/
z
z
e/
z
z
Olongapo City
z
Zambales (ZC)
Others
e/
Artificial
e/
reefs
f/
Coastal
f/
database
PCRAs
g/
MFARMCs
Fish wardens
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Iba
z
z
z
Botolan
z
z
z
z
Cabangan
z
z
z
z
San Felipe
z
z
z
z
San Narciso
z
San Antonio
Subic
z
z
z
Olongapo City
z
Sta Cruz
z
LMMAs
Candelaria
Masinloc
Palauig
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
municipalities (Sta. Praxedes, Claveria, Gonzaga, Sta. Ana). MPAs and fish
sanctuaries appear to be in place, some areas wherein functional management
bodies can be assessed to ensure continued protection. The advocacy on MPAs
also continues in the municipalities. Based on results of the PCRAs, a third of the
municipalities have drafted their CRM and/or MCE plans. Only the municipality of
Gonzaga has established its CLE, thus, the functionality of ICM would need to be
executed through integrated consolidation.
In the Zambales Coast, initiatives of various CRM projects of NGOs, and activities of
DENR-RO III, BFAR-RFO III, and the PG-ENROZ directly collaborated with the
LGUs (Table 2).
22
(1) There are 9 protected areas that have been established in 6 municipalities
since 2006. Of these, the Masinloc and Oyon Bay Protected Seascapes have
been monitored since 1993. Fish sanctuaries in 2 more municipalities were set
up in 2007;
(2) Various LGUs have also shared their resources with NGOs and with government
line agencies in efforts to:
(a) to conserve threatened and endangered
turtles and establishing critical habitats
restocking of giant clams, sea ranching of
rearing of sea urchins, abalone culture/
seaweed farming;
species, e.g., tagging marine
as nesting sites, reseeding/
holothurians (sea cucumbers),
broodstock development, and
(b) protect/rehabilitate/reforest mangroves/watersheds/coral reef areas; and,
(c) conduct PCRAs.
Initiative (b) for mangroves is a common practice in the Zambales Coast, since
planting of seedlings began in 1993 in the northern coast. Efforts (a) to (c) have
been embodied in the MCRMP of Masinloc, for example, and included the
monitoring of red tide episodes by the BFAR-ROS (Masinloc).
SIKAT
spearheaded the establishment of locally managed marine areas (LMMAs) in
Sta Cruz, Candelaria, Palauig, and Subic, conditions of which, we presumed,
have been monitored through annual PCRAs.
(3) Coastal databases have been installed since 2004 and updated almost
annually in all municipalities;
(4) BFAR-RFO III assessed changes in fish stocks, both at commercial and
municipal levels, in 4 NSAP sites. MFARMCs, which ensure that fishery
resources are conserved and managed, have been established in all coastal
municipalities. In addition, established fish sanctuaries and artificial reefs in
Sta Cruz, Subic, and Olongapo were monitored. Recently, through ICRMP, fish
wardens were deputized in 10 municipalities of the province.
3. Initial planning workshops: towards being functional RICs
A day dedicated to operational planning followed each State-of-Knowledge session to
initiate discussions of the operational framework plan for each of the RICs. The workshop
process adopted was participatory. During the session, emphasis was given on one of the
long-term goals for the RIC, i.e., to be functional based on RD&E programs. Both
organizational and operational structures were discussed to facilitate the implementation of
the RD&E programs. It was mentioned that MERF-UPMSI was to assist the RICs in
capacity building, i.e., mentoring particularly in the RD&E programs, since the RICs are
expected to formulate the latter along the following themes – adaptive management of
MPAs and MPA Networks, ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management (EAFM),
23
improvement of the status of threatened species, and climate change adaptation. These
programs are to be carried out in support to the conservation and management of the
Babuyan Corridor and the Zambales Coast.
3.1. Operational planning with CSU-Aparri, 25 September 2009
In this session facilitated by Ms. Emerlinda Dizon, the core group of CSU-Aparri
would have (a) reviewed the status of endangered species, MPAs, fisheries and
fisheries management in the BMC, (b) reviewed existing plans for the BMC, (c)
reviewed various biodiversity researches in the BMC that have been initiated by
CSU, DENR, BFAR, and NGOs, (d) assessed its capability, as the RIC, to
implement RD&E focused on the biodiversity of the BMC; (e) formulated a work
plan, and (f) developed its implementing structure.
3.1.1.
Proposed RD&E agenda
The core group expressed that, following the information presented during the stateof-knowledge session, the following RD&E areas needed to be addressed for the
BMC:
(1) Monitoring and sustaining the management of MPAs;
(2) Fisheries monitoring;
(3) Monitoring of threatened species; and,
(4) Adaptive management for climate change.
Regarding extension, the team agreed to put together a detailed program that
encapsulates the four RD&E themes and to implement it in the most strategic
coastal municipality in Zambales, i.e., where crosscutting issues exists. The
program shall be developed from the current knowledge of the BMC and designed to
address the need to take the first steps towards improving the management of the
marine corridor. The extension activities shall include information campaigns to
increase awareness at the grassroots level, and entail close coordination with LGUs,
hence entice support to management initiatives and/ or options, and community
organizing and social preparations. The core group initially proposed the following
activities:
(1) Information dissemination on the status of coastal resources of the BMC, to be led by
partners Mr. Antonio Cabalbag (CSU) and Mr. Quirino Pascua (BFAR-RFTC-Aparri);
(2) Information dissemination on threatened species of the BMC, to be led by partners
Mr. Pascua (BFAR-RFTC-Aparri) and Ms. Jam Flores (DENR-RO II);
24
(3) Response and rescue of stranded cetaceans, to be led by partners Ms. Alice Belen
(BFAR-MAO) and Prof. Meliton Soriano (CSU-Aparri); and,
(4) IEC/ capability building/ pilot testing/ and needs assessment program on climate
change and adaptation, with proponents still to be determined.
The participants came up with the following research agenda/ researchable areas for
each of the four RD&E themes:
3.1.1.1.
Adaptive management of MPAs and MPA networks
Although there are existing MPAs in the BMC, there is a need to determine the
impact of this intervention to the quality of marine ecosystems inside and outside the
MPAs. The feasibility of fostering MPA networks in the BMC, i.e., establishing
appropriate areas next to existing MPAs, also needs to be taken up. The following
studies were proposed:
(1) Monitoring of existing MPAs in the BMC, with proponents Dr. Romeo Culasing
(CSU-Aparri) and Mr. Bernie Camit (Provincial Government of Cagayan-Office of
the Provincial Agriculturist, PG Cagayan-OPAg); and,
(2) Site assessment and identification of suitable MPAs in the BMC, with Dr.
Esterlita Calanoga (CSU-Aparri) and Mr. Melvin Mangawil (PG Cagayan-OPAg);
3.1.1.2.
Ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management (EAFM)
Because of dwindling fisheries resources in the BMC, the management of both
commercial and municipal fishing practice is imperative. To provide scientific basis
for fisheries management, the RIC shall initiate an assessment of existing ecological
systems and the links to fisheries. The following studies were proposed:
(1) Coastal resources/ ecosystems assessment, including fisheries, with proponents
Dr. Romeo Culasing (CSU-Aparri) and Mr. Benchito Villarao of BFAR-RFO II;
(2) Stock enhancement of depleted resources – sea urchins, holothurians, giant
clams, freshwater clams (‘cabebe’), and lobed river mullets (‘ludong’), with
proponents Dr. Eunice Layugan (CSU-Aparri) and Ms. Emma Ballad of BFAR
RFTC-Aparri;
(3) Mangroves as habitats for juvenile fish, shrimps, and crabs, with proponents to
be determined;
(4) The impact of the Danish seine (‘buli-buli’) on capture fisheries in the BMC, with
proponents to be determined;
(5) Mackerel or ‘tangui’ fisheries in the BMC, with proponents to be determined;
(6) ‘Aramang’ fisheries in the BMC, with proponents to be determined; and,
(7) The practice of goby fry gathering in the BMC, with proponents to be
determined.
25
3.1.1.3.
Improvement of the status of threatened species
The BMC is home to a number of large marine species listed in the IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. To follow on from previous surveys, the need for subsequent
surveys and monitoring of habitats and large ocean areas is imperative so that the
basis for protecting the large marine (threatened) species is established. The study
Monitoring of identified threatened species was proposed, with proponents Prof.
Wilma Urmeneta (CSU) and Ms. Jam Flores of DENR-RO II.
3.1.1.4.
Climate change adaptation
Physical oceanographic data on the Luzon Strait provided indications of the
vulnerability of the BMC to climate change, particularly with increased sea surface
temperatures (SST). The following studies were proposed:
(1) Assessment of the vulnerability of the BMC (SST, sea level rise, coastal erosion,
increased precipitation and storminess), with proponents Prof. Meliton Soriano
(CSU-Aparri) and Ms. Maureen Aragon of BFAR-RFO II;
(2) Impact of extreme events (e.g., flooding) to fisheries in the BMC (suggested by
Dr. Nacorda); and,
(3) The role of the Cagayan River in the productivity of the BMC: nutrient input
patterns (suggested by Dr. Jacinto).
3.1.2.
Initial assessment of competence levels
The core group was then asked to assess their current competence level in each of
the RD&E themes, so that training and coaching needs may be identified. The
following scoring system was utilized: 1 – from none to limited skill/ capacity, 2 –
capable but needs refresher training, and 3 – expert. Results of this assessment are
presented in Table 3. Staff deemed they needed to be trained on (a) CRM, (b)
biodiversity assessment methods, (c) taxonomy of vertebrates and invertebrates, (d)
remote sensing and GIS, and (e) computer-based data analyses. The core group
also expressed that they are open to improving their present level of research/
technical competence and extension capabilities vis-à-vis implementing the Center’s
RD&E agenda for the BMC.
Staff deemed they needed to be trained on (a) CRM, (b) biodiversity assessment
methods, (c) taxonomy of vertebrates and invertebrates, (d) remote sensing and
GIS, and (e) computer-based data analyses. The core group also expressed that
they are open to improving their present level of research/ technical competence and
extension capabilities vis-à-vis implementing the Center’s RD&E agenda for the
BMC.
26
Table 3 Competence levels of staff in CSU-Aparri for RD&E that may be improved by
3
ICRMP . Legend for competence level: 1 – from none to limited, 2 – capable but needs
refresher training, 3 – expert, TBD – to be determined
Themes/ Proposed Studies/ General skills/ knowledge required
(1)
Adaptive management of MPAs and MPA networks
a) Monitoring of existing MPAs in the BMC (research: CSU-Aparri/ PG
Cagayan-OPAg)
•
Field assessment techniques – habitats (coral reef, seagrass,
mangroves), reef fish (fish visual census), fisheries
1, 2
•
Field identification of corals, reef fish, seagrasses, mangroves
1, 2
•
SCUBA diving
1
•
b)
(2)
Competence level
Data management (databases, statistics, software use –
ReefBase, FISHBase, FSat, etc)
Site assessment and identification of suitable MPAs in the BMC
(research: CSU-Aparri/ PG Cagayan-OPAg)
1, 2
•
Field assessment techniques (as above)
•
Field identification of corals, reef fish, seagrasses, mangroves
•
SCUBA diving
•
Remote sensing and Geographic Information System s(GIS)
•
Data management (as above)
1, 2
1, 2
1
1
1, 2
Ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management
a) Coastal resources/ ecosystems assessment, including fisheries
(research: CSU-Aparri/ BFAR-RFO II)
b)
c)
d)
e)
•
Field assessment techniques (as above)
•
Fish catch monitoring and assessment
1
•
SCUBA diving
1
1, 2
•
Stock enhancement of depleted resources – sea urchins, holothurians,
giant clams, freshwater clams (‘cabebe’), and lobed river mullets
(‘ludong’) (research: CSU-Aparri/ BFAR-RFTC-Aparri)
1, 2
•
Field identification of invertebrates – urchins, giant clams,
freshwater clams
TBD
•
SCUBA diving
•
Reproductive biology of fish and invertebrates
TBD
•
Laboratory techniques (culture/ maintenance of larvae and
juveniles, sexual maturity stages)
TBD
•
Mangroves as habitats for juvenile fish, shrimps, and crabs (research:
proponents to be determined)
1, 2
•
Taxonomy of fish juveniles and decapod crustaceans
TBD
•
Field techniques
TBD
1
•
Population studies
The impact of the Danish seine (‘buli-buli’) on capture fisheries in the
BMC (research: proponents to be determined)
TBD
•
TBD
Fisheries assessment techniques (fish catch/ biomass
measurements)
•
Fish taxonomy
Mackerel or ‘tangui’ fisheries in the BMC (research: proponents to be
determined)
TBD
•
Population studies
TBD
•
Monitoring techniques
TBD
(continued)
3
Competence levels of partners in RD&E may be culled from previous TNAs or determined at a later stage.
27
Themes/ Proposed Studies/ General skills/ knowledge required
f)
g)
h)
(3)
‘Aramang’ fisheries in the BMC (research: proponents to be
determined)
•
Population studies
TBD
•
Monitoring techniques
TBD
•
Focus group discussions (FGDs)
The practice of goby fry gathering in the BMC (research: proponents
to be determined)
TBD
•
Taxonomy of fish juveniles
TBD
•
Population studies
TBD
•
Focus group discussions (FGDs)
Information dissemination on the status of coastal resources of the
BMC (extension: CSU/ BFAR-RFTC-Aparri)
TBD
•
Popularizing of scientific/ technical information
1
•
Software for presentation (e.g., PowerPoint)
1
Improvement of the status of threatened species
a) Monitoring of identified threatened species (research: CSU-Aparri/
DENR-RO II)
b)
c)
(4)
Competence level
•
Taxonomic identification of sharks, rays, marine turtles (including
identifying nesting sites), cetaceans (dolphins, whales)
•
Field methods
1
•
GIS
1
•
Information dissemination on threatened species of the BMC
(extension: BFAR- RFTC-Aparri/ DENR-RO II)
Response and rescue of stranded cetaceans (extension: BFARMAO/CSU-Aparri)
1, 2
1
TBD
•
Organization and conduct of trainings/ workshops
•
Production of IEC materials
3
•
2
2, 3
Climate change adaptation
a) Assessment of the vulnerability of the BMC (SST, sea level rise,
coastal erosion, increased precipitation and storminess) (CSU-Aparri/
BFAR-RFO II)
b)
c)
d)
•
Remote sensing, GIS, use of software
•
Field techniques (determination of coastal erosion, sea level rise)
1
•
Techniques for assessing climate (precipitation, storminess)
1
•
Software use
Impact of extreme events (e.g., flooding) to fisheries in the BMC (CSUAparri/ others)
1
1
•
Fisheries assessment techniques (fish taxonomy/ measurements)
TBD
•
Climate assessment techniques
TBD
•
GIS
The role of the Cagayan River in the productivity of the BMC: nutrient
input patterns (CSU-Aparri/ others)
•
Field methods (sampling techniques)
•
GIS
•
Laboratory techniques (water/ nutrient analyses)
IEC/ capability building/ pilot testing/ and needs assessment program
on climate change and adaptation (extension: CSU/ others)
1
TBD
1
TBD
•
Organization and conduct of trainings/ workshops
2
•
Production of IEC materials
3
•
2
28
3.1
1.3.
Propo
osed structture of RIC-III
As a system for
f administration, mana
agement, an
nd implemen
ntation of pllans and
pro
ograms, CSU
U-Aparri prop
posed a stru
ucture (Fig. 14) that is n
not independ
dent from
the
e existing ca
ampus administrative sttructure in CSU-Aparri.
C
CEO Dr. Rabanal
rem
marked that the basic posts for the
t
Center that were ccited in the
e Project
Administration Memorandu
um (PAM) – officer man
nager, assisttant ICRM specialist,
s
acccountant, asssistant marrine biologist, laboratoryy technician, utility pers
son, and
drivver – implied
d creating a separate
s
bod
dy within CS
SU-Aparri tha
at is likely to dissolve,
hen
nce, unsusta
ainable post--Project life. He stressed that with ttheir propose
ed setup,
incumbent cam
mpus person
nnel shall be
e tapped do implement plans and programs
p
and
d, therefore, shall be prio
ority for train
ning/ capacityy-building. O
On 22 Februa
ary 2010,
Pro
of. Meliton Soriano
S
sub
bmitted the following de
escription o
of the posts in their
pro
oposed structture (Appendix 25):
(1)
RIC II Foccal Person/ Coordinatorr/ Director – overall in-charge of the
e Center;
shall direcctly supervise
e the manage
ement of the
e Center;
(2)
Assistant Focal Perso
on/ Coordinator/ Director – shall assist in the supervision
and mana
agement of th
he Center;
(3)
Research Coordinator – in-charg
ge of resea
arch underta
aken by the
e Center;
Fig
gure 14 The CEO
O of CSU-Aparri leads the RIC in Region II while thhe focal person/ Center director and
a his
deeputy directly intteract with researrch, extension, and administrativee personnel, as w
well as with prosppective
m
members
of the RING.
R
29
project leader; shall work closely with the Extension Coordinator;
(a) Research Assistants – shall assist in undertaking/conduct of
research of the Center;
(b) Research Aides – shall assist in the gathering of data and help in
the maintenance and upkeep of laboratory and field equipment;
(4)
Extension Coordinator – in-charge of all the extension activities of the Center
with the LGUs, RING members, other stakeholders; shall work closely with the
Research Coordinator;
(a) Extension Workers/ Assistants – shall conduct and assist the
Extension Coordinator in extension activities of the Center;
(b) Technicians – shall assist the Extension Assistants in all the
extension activities of the Center and help in the maintenance and
upkeep of equipment;
(5)
Administrative Officer – responsible for all administrative matters of the Center;
(a) Accountant – shall oversee the financial management of the Center;
and,
(b) Bookkeeper – shall manage all financial documents of the Center.
3.1.4.
Expectations
Together with the descriptions above, a list of expectations was put forward by CSUAparri as the RIC. Hence, during the subsequent establishment phase of the RIC,
CSU-Aparri was expecting DENR to:
(1) Facilitate the timely release of funds to the Center (if funds would be directly
downloaded from DENR);
(2) Facilitate the timely provision of equipment and supplies for use in RD&E
activities of the Center;
(3) Collaborate in RD&E, particularly for the Regional Office;
(4) Be visible in all activities of the Center, especially for the Regional Office; and,
(5) Assist in the management of the Center.
CSU-Aparri was expecting MERF-UPMSI to:
(1) Provide assistance during the establishment phase of the Center;
(2) Provide assistance in the various RD&E initiatives of the Center.
30
(3) Provide technical assistance in the training of Center staff; and,
(4) Provide assistance in the management of the Center during the duration of the
Project.
3.2. First meeting on the mode of cooperation between CLSU and
RMTU, 4 September 2009, RMTU-Iba, Zambales; group visit to
RMTU-Candelaria
The first meeting, albeit informal, between CLSU and RMTU took place in RMTU
(Conference Room of the Office of the President), Iba, Zambales, on 4 September
2009. This meeting was attended by faculty, staff, and key officials of RMTU-Iba,
RMTU-Candelaria, key officials of CLSU, DENR (FASPO and RO III), and MERFUPMSI (Appendix 26), and followed the brief visit to RMTU, as the host university to
the RIC facility of Region III, by the ADB review mission and staff of DENR. The
subsequent paragraphs are the draft minutes:
(1)
Dr. Jacinto, then presiding, provided context and updates on the Project – the
status of the recommendation with the PSC; the components of ICRMP;
training through MERF-UPMSI and/or through the Project; issues of
harmonizing training efforts within the Project; the Centers as focal points in
enabling the effective management of coastal areas through RD&E, monitoring,
and feedback; and the Centers as hubs of information on CRM and
interventions in the region. Dr. Jacinto added that there were four themes for
RD&E interventions and that assets from the Project were to be used to
address the objectives of the Center and for the needed interventions.
(2)
Dr. Jacinto started the discussions by putting forward a hypothetical structure of
the Center, e.g., designating a Center head and assigning an RMTU-based
director for the facility in Candelaria, and fate of equipment. He cited the
experiences of MERF-UPMSI, through its current management structure, on
procurement processes and acquisitions. To this, RMTU President Dr.
Feliciano Rosete4 commented that procurement of major equipment through
CLSU usually took a long time, i.e., based on experience of their other projects.
He suggested that other acquisitio ns/ supplies to be based in the Center facility
be purchased directly through RMTU.
(3)
Ms. Juanita Nacino (DENR-FASPO) raised concerns on the relationship of
Universities with DENR Regional Offices. She asked if there would be staff
from CLSU who will be assigned to the Center (recalling from the meeting of 6
July that there may not be any full-time staff available to man the Center) and
on the Center’s mechanism of reporting. Ms. Nacino also informed the meeting
4
Before the ADB review mission and staff of DENR, Dr. Rosete mentioned that RMTU was to purchase a fishing
boat that will be based in its Candelaria campus, and that he was keen on improving the facilities in the campus
before the end of the term of Executive Dean Jimmy Avecilla.
31
4 Sep
ptember 2009, RMTU,
R
Iba, Zamb
bales: The ADB review mission, together with
stafff of DENR, visiteed RMTU and meet with its key officials, officials of CLSU, and
Prooject staff from MERF-UPMSI. Thhe mission team, composed of (lefft to right) Ms.
Lorrna Enjaynes (Associate Operations Analyst), Team Leader Kee Heee Ryu, and
med to RMTU
Ms.. Maria Lourdes Drilon
D
(Natural Resources Econom
mist), was welcom
by its
i President, Dr. Feliciano Rosetee (rightmost).
that a MO
OA between the
t Center and
a the DENR-RO III nee
eded to be drafted
d
to
facilitate th
he download
ding of Projec
ct funds.
(4)
Regarding
g the query on the MO
OA, Dr. Jaccinto comme
ented that this was
paperworkk necessary and that ex
xisting mode
els of such detailed agrreements
may be ussed as patte
ern. This MO
OA shall be the
t instrume
ent by which a PCSS
number sh
hall be obtained and by which ADB downloads P
Project funds
s directly
to the Cen
nters. Ms. Nacino said th
hat the templlate used by MERF-UPM
MSI for its
lump sum contract with
h ADB may be
b used by CLSU.
C
(5)
Regarding
g expectation
ns of CLSU from DENR
R and vice-vversa, e.g., reporting,
r
Ms. Nacin
no stated tha
at reports and work planss that CLSU
U prepares shall pass
through MERF-UPMS
M
SI, who endo
orses these to DENR Ce
entral Office/FASPO,
and then FASPO
F
prep
pares the with
hdrawal application to AD
DB, which do
ownloads
funds to CLSU.
C
Dr. Ja
acinto commented that it remains to b
be discussed
d whether
MERF-UP
PMSI still com
mes into the picture or wh
hether it is th
he Center tha
at directly
transacts with the Reg
gional Office
es. Dr. Perryy Aliño said that CLSU may
m only
provide MERF-UPMS
M
SI copies of
o reports submitted
s
to
o DENR, especially
e
administra
ative (financial) ones thatt do not requ
uire technica
al inputs from
m MERFUPMSI. He
H suggested
d that guidelines on the reporting
r
pro
ocess may ha
ave to be
mentioned
d explicitly in
n the MOA. Ms. Nacino
o suggested that, to cut short
s
the
process, the
t DENR Central
C
Office
e and MERF
F-UPMSI be copied such
h reports,
and then an adhoc te
eam composed of stafff from the C
Central and Regional
Offices, to
ogether with MERF-UPMSI, may be formed
f
to validate and ac
ccept the
reports.
(6)
CLSU Pre
esident Dr. Ruben Sevilleja inquire
ed of what tthe relations
ship was
between the
t
Center and
a
MERF-U
UPMSI, and cited that th
hey were cle
ear as to
their relationship with RMTU and
d with DENR
R. He menttioned that for
f some
collaborative projects that CLSU was
w leading,, all funds w
were directed
d to them
and then they
t
farmed these
t
out dirrectly to colla
aborating SU
UCs. Ms. Nacino said
32
that the procedures were not yet in place and that FASPO may be open to
suggestions on better ways or systems to follow for e.g., administration of funds
and the reporting process. Dr. Aliño agreed to her suggestion, as it was a good
opportunity provided by DENR, particularly in finding which of the available
mechanisms best works for the Project, and in testing new procedures if the
available mechanisms do not work.
(7)
Ms. Nacino stated that equipment acquired by DENR for the Center shall be
transferred to the Center (to cancel the memorandum receipt or MR with
DENR) and shall be property of the Center while the Project is in progress. Dr.
Sevilleja said that although CLSU may acknowledge ownership of equipment
based on such transfer, RMTU, logically, may have to be accountable for some
equipment that will be physically moved to RMTU. He noted that some
equipment were to be placed in CLSU (as the Center), e.g., computers, office
equipment, cameras, etc. It was suggested that these specifics (including
maintenance) were to be itemized in the bilateral agreement between the two
HEIs and need not be agreed upon at the time of the meeting.
(8)
Dr. Sevilleja said that post-Project life, a bilateral agreement may be drafted
between CLSU and RMTU regarding access to Project assets in the Center
facility (RMTU-Candelaria). He said that within Project implementation, the
assets were to be property of the Center and to be used by both HEIs; those
assets to be based in RMTU were to merit the accountability of RMTU. Dr.
Rosete suggested that these items be stipulated in the MOA.
(9)
As to whether both HEIs were conscious about sustaining the cooperation postICRMP, Dr. Sevilleja said that indeed, CLSU was well aware of sustainability
issues, as this had been emphasized by Dr. Jacinto during previous visits.
Depending on the results of their partnership with RMTU in ICRMP, CLSU may
or may not opt out after Project life. Dr. Rosete said that both Universities may
decide to continue the program, consistent with their mandates, and potentially
utilize each MOOEs to maintain and/ or expand the program in Zambales.
Dr. Aliño emphasized that the program being discussed was the RD&E
program linked to ICRMP, and what inputs to this RD&E program would help
IEC and RD&E information for stakeholders and implementers of CRM, such as
the LGUs. He stressed that people in the Region must identify the Center and
its facilities with research and development programs, in which 30 studies to be
funded by ICRMP could start off the RICs, and then eventually build the
demand for buy-ins in sustaining the financing for the facility. He referred to
Information systems, knowledge products, and services (monitoring, decisionsupport) as examples of such buy-ins, from which requests for/ offering of
partnerships have emerged in the past; the subsequent external support for the
Center may be gathered based on how research projects would be
operationalized while the Project is on-going. Dr. Rosete agreed to this and
asserted that the Universities have got to begin fostering support and
partnership from the LGUs towards achieving the objectives of the Project, and
eventually continuing to encourage these beyond Project life.
33
(10) Dr. Aliño disclosed that the role MERF-UPMSI with the Centers was to help
craft the RD&E programs and look at ways at how MERF-UPMSI may
complement in e.g., training of staff and/or collaboration with the Centers. Dr.
Jacinto added that a follow through activity was the planning workshop in order
for the RICs to identify their VMGs and set concrete goals. Dr. Rosete
suggested for a technical working group (TWG) to be formed immediately. He
also volunteered RMTU as host of the first meeting of the TWG, during which
details on the crucial step of setting up the Center’s R&D programs, as well as
operational arrangements (MOA), may be discussed and documents prepared.
(11) Dr. Jacinto reiterated that in terms of the time line, MERF-UPMSI was hoping to
get the official ‘go’ with the PSC’s approval of the recommendation by the
following week, since the subsequent activities have already been lined up for
the RICs of Luzon. Ms. Nacino updated the group that such move was only
formality on the part of the PSC, since the Resolution has already been signed
by DENR, BFAR, and DILG; pending were signatures of the representative
from NEDA and of the Secretary.
(12) Dr. Jacinto mentioned that ASCOT has expressed interest in learning from the
efforts of the Project in the South China Sea and applying these in the North
Pacific seaboard. He also raised that interventions, i.e., trainings/ courses,
across all RICs may have to be rationalized and that the relationship of the
RICs with existing structures within the Project, e.g., the RSCs and the PSC,
needed to be threshed out. Dr. Aliño commented that such gaps existed within
the Project because the consulting firm that was to orchestrate all implementing
agencies has not been engaged by the Project as of yet, thus, the different
components/ sub-components kicked off at different periods. Ms. Nacino
commented that as of the meeting, the firm has already been identified and that
logistics for the firm’s engagement (i.e., draft contract) have already begun.
(13) Dr. Aliño remarked that the situation has at least made MERF-UPMSI
proactive, in that it was able to identify a specific mechanism (i.e., two HEIs
cooperating) that is envisioned to work for Zambales, which may serve as a
model for future interventions.
(14) Dr. Sevilleja requested for Project documents so they may gain perspective on
what needed to be achieved – R&D program proposals, work plans, budgets
(Dr. Nacorda passed on Project documents into a flash disk provided by Dr.
Terry Abella). Dr. Jacinto mentioned that the organizational structure, details of
implementation arrangements/ MOA, and the visioning exercise were to be
tackled in the planning workshop that was being organized by MERF-UPMSI.
(15) Ms. Nacino brought up the concern on CLSU and RMTU providing the Center
with their existing staff in lieu of hiring personnel, which was deemed to
potentially contribute to the sustainability of the Center in the Region. She said
that based on their discussion with ADB, providing the Center with existing staff
shall form part of the HEIs’ counterpart. Also, contrary to previous notion, the
budget for Center staff stipulated in the PAM appeared to represent the
34
Project’s allocation for personnel’s expenditure when engaged with RIC work,
e.g., honoraria (incentive) and travel.
(16) Dr. Aliño suggested that the group clarifies with FASPO what these meant –
i.e., whether RICs would be obliged to pick up from these rates post-Project to
keep the Center and the facility going. He reiterated that, foremost, operations
have to be in place to justify the positions.
(17) Ms. Nacino said that there was also an allocation for the maintenance of
facilities and operations. She informed the group that the task of purchasing
the motor boat for the Center has been passed on by the Central Office to the
respective Regional Offices. Dr. Jacinto inquired as to whether the Center
would be allowed to acquire a vehicle, in lieu of a motor boat, which RMTU was
to procure on its own anyway. Ms. Nacino replied that an approval from ADB
or the Office of the President (Malacañang) might be necessary. Dr. Elizabeth
Farin inquired if the fishing boat that RMTU was planning to procure would
have similar specifications with the motor boat that the Project is acquiring. Dr.
Aliño replied that those would definitely have different specifications, and
explained that if the RMTU boat was to provide the same function as the motor
boat, then another unit to serve the same purpose would be redundant. Dr.
Jacinto suggested that other mechanisms of acquiring vehicles, e.g., through
Trust Funds, may have to be explored, since the mechanism of acquiring a
vehicle seemed cumbersome.
(18) Dr. Jacinto stated that there was some budget for refurbishment of existing
building/ facility/ space. This refurbishment was assumed to happen in a
building designated in RMTU-Candelaria, so that the RIC facility becomes
distinct from the general labs in the campus.
(19) As regards Ms. Nacino’s query on CLSU’s expectation from the Project, Dr.
Sevilleja stressed that the reason why they were strongly suggesting for the
land vehicle was, foremost, for their mobility and accessibility of Zambales in
implementing what ICRMP was to demand from them. CLSU was prepared to
commit an existing office in their campus (Muñoz) as their official space for the
RIC, the Director, and for support staff. He said that two institutions would be
seen collaborating for ICRMP in the Region (a special case indeed) and that
the move to urge DENR and even ADB to approve the vehicle request would
be valuable. He asked for MERF-UPMSI to help them appeal to DENR on
such petition for the Center (not CLSU, Dr. Sevilleja pointed out).
(20) Dr. Aliño, on emphasizing the research program, conveyed to the group that
UPMSI started out with very little equipment but used these to enable its
research, since the research program, as a prerequisite to implementing
research, was more crucial than having equipment. For its willingness to work
on established facilities in other areas and with another institution, Dr. Aliño
commended the level of maturity that CLSU has achieved.
Dr. Jacinto reiterated that as the Center, CLSU may use its designation and
established leadership to leverage funds in future, and recalled the Korean
35
ADB person’s statement, i.e., that ABD was looking at these interventions to
last more than a couple of years, which could progress to future projects that
CLSU, individually or collectively and with other institutions, might pursue.
Dr. Sevilleja stated that CLSU was aware of the state of affairs early on yet
gave their commitment; he added that they looked at this as a window of
opportunity. Dr. Aliño told the group that CLSU has been part of the AFMA
network with UPMSI, which accessed funds for research through a research
program at the national or regional level. Initially, and for its level of capability
as a research institution, CLSU as the RIC would be able to leverage funds for
its research agenda in Zambales. Dr. Sevilleja reiterated that for them, the
vehicle would make it easier to implement the program in Zambales. Dr. Aliño
seconded this, and then urged the group to refocus the discussion on achieving
the Center’s objectives instead of dwelling on what assets to be acquired, as
has been the case for some institutions that he has seen.
Dr. Aliño mentioned that there were outfitted institutions in the country that have
ceased to be functional after Project life because the facilities either remained
unused/ underutilized or became dilapidated. He also shared to the group that
other individuals have explicitly shown their hesitation over the
recommendation for the Region III because the arrangements were perceived
to be difficult and not as straightforward. He, however, strongly believed that
the arrangement between CLSU and RMTU would achieve more and would
foster a better relationship, rather than having it done another way for the
Region, i.e., simply downloading the money to the RIC and then that would be
it.
(21) Regarding next steps, Dr. Jacinto asked about the availability of staff of both
CLSU and RMTU on 8 to 9 October 2009. MERF-UPMSI was to forward
documents to them (possibly also a draft template of the MOA) between then
and those dates. A planning workshop was to be organized for the Region and
this was to be hosted by RMTU (taking on the suggestion of Dr. Rosete). The
workshop was planned for a small group, i.e., it would entail attendance of 2 to
3 participants (tentatively) from each HEI.
(22) Dr. Jacinto gave the outlook for the next hours, i.e., lunch together, and then
travel to the campus in Candelaria to check out the proposed Center facility.
The team from CLSU, along with MERF-UPMSI and Dr. Farin, visited RMTUCandelaria. They were shown around by Executive Dean Jimmy Avecilla.
36
4 September 2009, Iba, Zambales: Attendees to the first meeting onn the mode of coooperation betweeen CLSU
PMSI),
annd RMTU for the RIC of Region IIII – (seated, left to right) – Dr. Gil Jacinto (Team Leeader, MERF-UP
M Juanita Nacino (DENR-FASPO
Ms.
O), Dr. Annie Mellinda Paz-Albertoo (RIC Focal Persson, CLSU), Ms. Melen
D
Dizon
(MERF-UPM
MSI), and CLSU President Dr. Ruuben Sevilleja; (sttanding, left to rigght) – Mr. Keith Carloy
C
(R
RMTU-Candelariaa), Ms Maricel Eddurain (RMTU-Caandelaria), staff from
f
RMTU-Canddelaria (name
unndisclosed), Dr. Perry
P
Aliño (MER
RF-UPMSI), Mr. Michael
M
Lopez (D
DENR-RO III), Dr. Terry Abella (RIC Focal
Person, CLSU), Dr. Elizabeth Farinn (VP for Researcch, Extension and Training, RMTU), Prof. Jimmy Avecilla
A
Executive Dean, RMTU-Candelaria), and Prof. Randy Balaoing (RM
MTU-Candelaria))
(E
3.3. Op
perational planning
g with CL
LSU and RMTU,
R
13 October 2009
2
Thiis session with
w the RIC-III key playe
ers, compose
ed of the corre group from
m CSLU,
foccal persons of
o RMTU, and Project officials
o
from
m DENR-FAS
SPO (Appen
ndix 27),
was facilitated by Ms. Eme
erlinda Dizon
n. She gave
e the flow of the worksho
op to the
gro
oup and then
n explained in her presen
ntation (Appendix 28) th
hat (a) the RICs were
envvisioned to be
b institutionss that
would be capa
able of susta
aining
CR
RM tasks in the
t
Regions, i.e.,
lea
arning from past efforrts –
FSP, FRMP, ENRP;
E
(b) fo
or the
RIC
Cs to be funcctional units, they
nee
eded to unde
erstand and then
takke up their niches, exp
press
the
eir VMGs, an
nd work tow
wards
the
eir advancem
ment (Fig. 15);
and
d (c) the Ce
enter’s continuity
were to hinge also on ha
aving
‘wa
arm bodies’ or
o a critical mass
Figu
ure 15 On develloping the RICs aas functional unitss in the
reegions. Source: slide
s from the preesentation
of ICRM
I
expertts.
37
3.3.1.
Addenda to the State-of-Knowledge presentations
Before the workshop proper, the group agreed to give way to the presentations of CRMrelated work of RMTU as well as initiatives of UPMSI in the Zambales Coast, since these
have not been accommodated by the program of the previous day.
3.3.1.1.
Floral diversity assessment of mangrove ecosystem in
Masinloc, Zambales
Prof. Rowena Remojo-Sazon presented their surveys and analyses of the mangrove
vegetation in in coastal barangays of Masinloc (Appendix 29). She described the
structure of mangroves based on 6 parameters and then enumerated various uses
of mangroves to the people of Masinloc, including the people’s pattern of utilization.
The causes to failed reforestation projects were also given followed by the authors’
recommendations. The abstract of Prof. Remojo-Sazon’s talk is as follows:
Floral Diversity Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystems in Masinloc, Zambales
Sazon, Rowena Remojo and Gascon, Antonio F.
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Iba, Zambales
The study was conducted to assess the floral diversity of mangrove forests in the four
coastal barangays of Masinloc, Zambales including Brgy. Baloganon, Brgy. Inhobol, Brgy.
San Lorenzo, and Brgy. San Salvador. The factors that contributed to the present state of
mangrove ecosystems were likewise evaluated. Three 10 x 10 m quadrats were located in
each study site. The species composition and the floral diversity of each mangrove
ecosystem were analyzed and compared using the following indices: Shannon-Weiner Index
of Diversity (SHDI), Shannon-Weiner Index of Evenness (SHEI) and Simpson’s Index of
Dominance.
Ten major mangrove species belonging to five families of Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiacea,
Avicenniaceae, Palmae and Combretaceae, four minor components and six mangrove
associates were identified. Sonneratia alba, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata and R.
mucronata were the species common in all sites. Sonneratia alba was the most dominant
species in Brgy. Baloganon and San Salvador having an importance value (IV) of 192.86
and 165.02, respectively. Among the sites studied, Brgy. Inhobol was the most diverse in
terms of mangrove floral composition attaining an SHDI of 0.97.
The remaining mangrove stands in Masinloc were still in a healthy state but comprised
mainly of young mangrove vegetation. Most species were within the diameter range of 4.1 –
20.0 cm. Sonneratia alba was the only species representing all diameter classes attaining a
dbh of more than 40 cm.
Various stakeholders valued mangroves in terms of resource and regulatory functions.
Several factors, however, threatened the condition of mangrove forests in Masinloc,
such as the use of sayudsod, crab harvesting by soil digging, water pollution, coastal
development, squatting, continued fishpond development, and the lack of formal
regulations. Brgy. Inhobol should be given utmost priority in conservation since it
possessed the highest mangrove floral diversity. Other areas should likewise be
protected through formal regulations and introduction of wise pattern of mangrove
resource utilization.
Open Forum/ Discussion
(1) Question (Dr. Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto, CLSU): Have you considered
molecular techniques for the species identification of mangroves?
Reply (Prof. Remojo-Sazon): Not yet, but that is a very good suggestion.
38
(2) Comment (Dr. Terry Abella, CLSU): Perhaps one major cause of the decline of
mangroves in Masinloc is encroachment by humans and that aquaculture may
also be rapidly expanding in the area. One way to address this would be from
data obtained from informant interviews.
(3) Question (Dr. Lucena Mercado, DENR-FASPO): Is your output similar to what
has been presented by DENR? May I also suggest that IEC on mangroves and
its reforestation be intensified in the area?
Reply (Prof. Remojo-Sazon): No, these results are relatively recent and different
from what DENR presented yesterday.
(4) Comment (Ms. Juanita Nacino, DENR-FASPO): I suggest that this material be
presented to DENR, especially in relation to favoring mariculture over keeping
mangrove stands. I recall that even cutting mangroves within private property
required a permit.
(5) Question (Dr. Paz-Alberto): Did you happen to visit the area again? Can we
presume that there have been changes because of 2007 and 2008 CRM
interventions reported yesterday?
The last question was left unanswered because while recognizing that the whole day
may be spent with exchanging views on the matter, Dr. Jacinto redirected the focus
of the group to the rest of the workshop.
3.3.1.2.
Socio-economic impact of the establishment of fish sanctuary
in Candelaria, Zambales
Prof. Jurelac Marquez shared results of their key informant interview surveys in
Candelaria on respondent awareness/ importance of the sanctuary and of their
scanning exercise on the perceived social and economic benefits with establishing
the sanctuary (Appendix 30). The various fish sanctuaries were described and then
the peoples’ awareness and perspectives on the sanctuary were given. Prof.
Marquez presented the various fisherfolk organizations in Candelaria, the
membership of the respondents, the organizing initiative of SIKAT, and the activities
related to the management and protection of the sanctuary. The management
capability of the organizations in terms of protection and conservation measures,
tally of violators, capability to resolve problems, and coping mechanisms were also
presented. On economic benefits, Prof. Marquez reported profiles of fisherfolk
incomes as well as volumes and species composition of fish catch. The abstract of
her presentation is as follows:
Socio-economic impact of the establishment of fish sanctuary in Candelaria,
Zambales
Marquez, Jurelac D., Sazon, Rowena R. and Ramirez, Luzaminda F.
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Iba, Zambales
The study was conducted to describe the socio-economic status of the fisherfolks
of Candelaria, Zambales, before and after fish sanctuary establishment. Descriptive
method of research was used to determine the socio- economic profile of the residents
39
of Sinabacan and Malabon. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling
method. Secondary data were obtained from SIKAT, local government units (LGUs),
and the Department of Agriculture-Municipal Agriculture Office (DA–MAO) of
Candelaria, Zambales. Survey data were treated using statistical tools like frequency,
mean and percentages.
The study revealed that the respondents were well informed on the nature and
objective of fish sanctuary due to the information campaign conducted by the LGU and
NGO before the sanctuary was established. The Candelaria fishermen socially
benefited from the establishment of the fish sanctuary. It was found out that the
respondents’ membership in organizations enabled them to participate in seminars and
trainings that honed their leadership and management skills and made them effective
leaders in conserving and protecting the marine resources. Their strong commitment
and vigilance resulted to a decreased incidence of illegal fishing in the municipal
waters of Candelaria.
In terms of economic benefits, the fish sanctuary has not yet improved the economic
conditions of the fishermen in the area. However, after 3 years of operation, the
ecological condition of the sanctuary and its marine resources has significantly
improved and it has become a showcase for locally managed marine areas.
Open Forum/ Discussion
(1) Suggestion (Dr. Olive Parico, CLSU): Maybe conduct another series of
interviews to validate the social perception, since the respondents are inclined to
say ‘no improvement with sanctuary’. There must be some sort of check in the
field.
Comment (Dr. Pol Yambot, CLSU): It would be in this respect where results of
stock assessment studies are used. I heard you have catch per effort data –
there are mathematical equations to help assess catch volumes. We do not
have data yet from Zambales; these would be good to obtain from the
fisherfolks.
(2) Question (Dr. Parico): Is there no alternative livelihood offered by the LGU?
Reply (Prof. Marquez): There are offers but only to a chosen few, which is why
the current support of fishers to alternative livelihood efforts is weak.
(3) Suggestion (Dr. Mercado): Perhaps your sequel study can look into possible
multi-financing mechanisms. Also, I suggest that you include biodiversity-related
questions in the survey form.
3.3.1.3.
Biodiversity studies along the Zambales Coast
Dr. Aliño shared highlights of their component in the Project component “Reversing
Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand”,
particularly regarding work on benchmarking and monitoring of the MPA network in
Masinloc (Appendix 31). The network is composed of 3 fish sanctuaries located in
Bani, San Salvador, and Panglit, and 1 ‘taclobo’ or giant clam farm. Methods for the
biological and ecological surveys for benthos and fish inside and outside each MPA
site were presented. The Project subsequently came up with status reports that
were fed back to the participating local groups and LGUs. Other initiatives that
40
involved the local
l
comm
munities in Masinloc
M
we
ere during the Projectt’s initial
collaboration with
w them and
d during info
ormation disssemination o
on conservattion. Dr.
Aliñ
ño also showed results of coral tra
ansplantation
n efforts (thrru the Pew Project5,
200
02-2005) in Zambales (Dalulac, An
nda, Masinlo
oc), Eastern
n Samar, an
nd Cebu.
Mo
ore recently, the EBM Pro
oject6 highlig
ghted the prim
mary factors to make fish
hers stop
the
eir fishing acctivity in Massinloc
and
d Subic, i.e
e., availabilitty of
and
alte
ernative
l
livelihood
resou
dep
pleted
urces,
resspectively (F
Fig. 16). There
T
was also menttion of conditions
to be
b met for sh
hifting liveliho
oods,
imp
proving live
elihood cho
oices,
and
d benefits from inter--LGU
collaboration.
Finally, the
mo
odel kit FIS
SH-BE (Fish
heries
Info
or-mation for
f
Sustain
nable
Harvests Bio-E
Economic Model)
was presented as a package of
Figu
ure 16 Responsees of fishers in M
Masinloc and Subic on
stoopping their fishinng and shifting livvelihoods. Sourcce: slide
too
ols to asssist in CRM
froom the presentation (cf. EBM)
deccisions.
Op
pen Forum/ Discussion
D
(1) Question (D
Dr. Ronald Alberto,
A
CLS
SU): Have there
t
been a
attempts to show
s
the
ecological relationships
r
s you showed
d with curren
nt molecular ttechniques?
Reply (Dr. Aliño): We have
h
on-goin
ng collaborattion with the PIRE Projec
ct to look
at phylogeo
ography and
d evolution of
o selected species.
sp
Prio
or to this, there were
dispersal simulation
s
exxercises and links with MPAs
M
to show
w interrelate
edness of
various species. Information has
s been used
d to help in some man
nagement
strategies for
f regulating
g fishing effort.
(2) Question (D
Dr. Cecil Ga
alvez, CLSU)): Do we havve data to su
upport the pe
erception
that fisherss have put a lot
l of pressurre on marine
e resources?
?
Reply (Dr. Aliño): We can
c look at fish
f
landing data with BA
AS, but then
n we also
recognize that
t
their data
abases have
e problems.
5
6
Pe
ew Fellows Progrram in Marine Co
onservation of Drr. Edgardo Gome
ez
EB
BM Project Findin
ng a Way out of Subsistence
S
Fish
heries of the Philiippines (FindFish
hSup), funded by
y the David
and Lucille Packard
d Foundation
41
3.3.2.
Finding the RIC’s niche: from perception of issues, recommending
interventions/ strategies/ research, to prioritizing research needs
of the Zambales Coast
Ms. Dizon guided the group to a series of questions (Appendix 32), responses to
which had to be written in color-coded paper or metacards. She asked the
participants to recall the state-of-knowledge session and then provide their ideas on
the following: (a) the issues and challenges that beset the Zambales Coast, (b) the
interventions needed to enhance ZC’s coastal resources (management ideas), (c)
programs, projects, and strategies, and (d) research. Finally, she invited all
participants to code the research ideas with either orange (to denote its impact) or
green (to denote achievability).
These issues and challenges list included:
•
Cutting of mangrove trees/ no protection of mangroves;
•
Biodiversity loss;
•
Depletion of marine resources;
•
Pollution/sedimentation/siltation brought about by mining;
•
Destructive fishing practices like cyanide and blast fishing;
•
Lack of information on the present status of fisheries;
•
Low level of community appreciation of coastal resources/ lack of
coordination in protecting the marine resources;
•
Implementation of laws/governance;
•
Livelihood problems of the fisher folk; and,
•
Lack of implementation dissemination on how to manage the coastal areas.
The group’s ideas on the needed management interventions were:
•
Integrated/comprehensive management plan and coastal planning;
•
Assess fisheries stocks first, then recommend measures;
•
Profile of physical, chemical and biological resources;
•
Positive identification of all species;
•
GIS mapping of mangrove areas in Zambales;
•
Conservation of fisheries and aquatic resources;
•
Biodiversity conservation, assessment, and monitoring;
42
•
Enactment of the seascape and terrestrial (transition) areas;
•
Political will;
•
Translate database, i.e., popularize; database management;
•
Provision of alternative livelihood to fisher folks/ sustained alternative
livelihood for fisher folk/alternative livelihood opportunities; and,
•
Mangrove
plantation.
reforestation/
establish
mangrove
germplasm/
mangrove
Their ideas on the necessary programs/projects/strategies for the Zambales
Coast were:
•
Proper waste disposal;
•
Artificial reefs;
•
Convergence of all conservation efforts/harmonize aquaculture with the
conservation works presently done in Zambales;
•
Coordination of various agencies in the implementation of laws to protect the
marine resources;
•
Indigenize/popularize all available IEC materials;
•
Sustainable mechanisms following previous Project efforts;
•
Political will; and,
•
Identify ICRM champions/intensify community level education and
advocacy/champions/IEC/promotion and dissemination of technological
strategies for resources conservation/increase peoples’ participation in
resource management.
Finally, the group put forward the following ideas for research:
•
Access to new technology;
•
Asexual propagation of mangrove trees;
•
Assessment of sustainable off-shore aquaculture;
•
Biodiversity assessment;
•
Comprehensive planning with a research planning unit;
•
Development of GIS for MIS on CRM;
•
Effect of climate change on coastal resources;
43
•
Food from mangrove trees;
•
Physico-chemical assessment of marine waters;
•
Socio-economic impact of CRM;
•
Stock assessment and management of fisheries;
•
Substrate characterization and species suitability for mangrove reforestation;
and,
•
Transplantation of corals.
From these, 8 research ideas received frequencies greater than 0 on perceived
impact and achievability (Table 4). These ideas were ranked based on totals of
these measures and frequencies were spread by HEI. Both HEIs agreed on
quantifying biodiversity as the top item in the research agenda for the Zambales
Coast, followed by assessments of climate change effects and of fisheries stocks
and their management. The need for a GIS on CRM efforts and the access to new
technology ranked next. These first 4 ideas were perceived to be achievable,
considering staff competencies.
Specific studies, i.e., coral transplantation, asexual propagation of and food from
mangrove trees, substrate characterization and species suitability for mangrove
reforestation, and physico-chemical assessments of marine waters, were perceived
to contribute little to the current needs of the ZC.
Table 4 Research ideas perceived to be on top of the research needs of the Zambales Coast
(impact) and their achievability based on current staff competencies.
Research Ideas
Impact
Achievability
CLSU
RMTU
Total
CLSU
RMTU
Total
(1) Biodiversity assessment
5
4
9
6
4
10
(2) Effect of climate change on
coastal resources
6
2
8
4
2
6
(3) Stock assessment and
management of fisheries
5
2
7
2
2
4
(4) Development of GIS for MIS
on CRM
2
3
5
3
2
5
(5) Access to new technology
3
2
5
4
0
4
(6) Socio-economic impact of
CRM
1
0
1
2
2
4
(7) Comprehensive planning with
a research planning unit
0
1
1
1
0
1
(8) Assessment of sustainable
offshore aquaculture
0
0
0
1
0
1
23
13
36
23
12
35
Total frequency
44
Figure 17 Staff from
F
f
both CLSU and
a RMTU take on
o management positions in
the proposed sttructure of RIC III.
3.3.
3.3
Propo
osed structture of RIC-IIII
The
e structure proposed
p
forr RIC-III consisted of at least 8 posiitions (Fig. 17).
1
The
desscription of each post iss as follows
s, which wass received b
by email from CLSU
(Ap
ppendix 33):
(1) Director - Overall
O
coord
dinator of RIC in Region
n III as well as manages
s, directs
and supervvises all programs and activities of RIC which is located in
n Central
Luzon State University and the Cen
nter Laborato
ory Facility in
n RMTU, Ca
andelaria,
Zambales;
(2) On-Site Co
oordinator - In-charge of the operration of the
e Center La
aboratory
Facility in RMTU,
R
Candelaria;
(3) Head, Exte
ension Divission - Manag
ges and coo
ordinates all extension activities
pertaining to
t biodiversiity informatio
on and awarreness in the communities living
near the co
oastal resourrces;
oordinates all research activities
(4) Head, Ressearch Divission - Manages and co
pertaining to biodiverrsity assessment studie
es, biodiversity monitorring and
conservatio
on activities of
o coastal res
sources;
nician/ Extension Workerr - Undertake
e the biodive
ersity informa
ation and
(5) Field techn
awareness activities in the commun
nities living near the coasstal resources
s;
ologist - Undertake the biodiversityy research a
assessment studies,
(6) Marine Bio
biodiversityy monitoring and conserv
vation activitie
es of coastall resources;
45
(7) Research Assistant - Undertake the biodiversity research activities in coastal
resources;
(8) Faculty Research Personnel - Faculty members in CLSU and RMTU who
undertake research works in coastal resources; and,
(9) Administrative staff/ Support staff - Personnel who assist in the
clerical/administrative works, maintenance and cleanliness of the RIC in CLSU
and Center Laboratory Facility in RMTU, Candelaria.
3.3.4.
Expectations
During the subsequent establishment phase of the Center, four institutions – DENR,
CLSU, RMTU, and MERF-UPMSI – expressed their commitment of support,
willingness to contribute and share resources towards a common goal. In achieving
the Center’s objectives for biodiversity research monitoring in the Zambales Coast,
CLSU is to lead in the RD&E activities of the Center and provide training facilities;
RMTU is to cooperate with CLSU in RD&E by providing manpower and facilities;
DENR is to provide technical assistance and facilitate the Center’s
financial/administrative support; and, MERF-UPMSI is to provide assistance in MPA
M&E and feedback, climate change monitoring, and suggestions on the Center
facility design and operations.
The institutions also expressed their expectations from their partners. Thus:
(1)
CLSU expects collaboration/ cooperation from RMTU, in terms of partnership in
RDE activities (cf. provision of manpower and facilities);
(2)
CLSU anticipates assistance from DENR in gathering secondary data, apart
from ensuring that funds for RDE activities flowed;
(3)
CLSU expects technical advice/expertise from MERF-UPMSI, as well as
assistance in RDE activities;
(4)
With partnership with CLSU, RMTU is to benefit from CLSU’s technical
expertise; hence, enhance and improve their level of competence in RDE;
(5)
As host to the Center facility, RMTU expects that, post-ICRMP, assets acquired
and housed in their facility would be eventually be turned over to them;
(6)
RMTU anticipates benefits from the expertise of MERF-UPMSI, as it shall
spearhead the RDE program that the Center is to undertake, and that it shall
also participate in the M&E of the Center;
(7)
RMTU hopes to gain from the technical expertise and capability building
initiatives of DENR, and similarly expects DENR to share secondary data
and/or obtain these from other Project partners;
46
(8)
As assisting academe to the Center, MERF-UPMSI looks forward to CLSU’s
strategic leadership in the region’s ICRM, effective coordination of RDE in the
regional network, and well-motivated partnerships in RDE;
(9)
MERF-UPMSI expects RMTU to manage the facility on-site and be able to
carry out integration of RDE also on-site (Zambales); and,
(10) MERF-UPMSI expects DENR to support the research programs of the Center,
effectively coordinate such support, and assist with data access especially with
partners in ICRMP.
4. Proposed mechanisms for RIC functions
Since the Centers are to take on tasks directed towards strengthening CRM and marine
biodiversity conservation initiatives in their assigned corridor, the Centers shall lead in
coastal and marine biodiversity research and monitoring in their respective corridors. The
RICs shall develop their R&D capability to address relevant issues in the coastal
environment/ marine corridor in question. During planning and/or implementing the
interventions, the Centers may involve individuals and institutions in the region that are
engaged in CRM efforts.
4.1. Biodiversity monitoring
Biodiversity monitoring involves following overall changes in community composition
or indicator assemblages across space and through time, as surrogates for
ecosystem health7.
Monitoring programs shall be designed to include the
establishment of baseline data. Indicators (species or assemblages) shall be
selected and their attributes followed through time.
Along with indicators,
interventions (e.g., human disturbance) shall be identified and assessed as well. A
comprehensive program could be designed to include examining the effects of
human populations on target species, as this is a recommended basic activity
alongside monitoring biodiversity. Studies that document the effects of climate
change using indicators of ecosystems, the vulnerability of ecosystems, their
appropriate responses, and human adaptation to the changing environment must be
pursued.
4.2. R&D capacity development
The Project has provided an opportunity for the Centers to each come up with a
research program that may consist of several projects/studies that can be
7
Kremen C, Merenlender AM, Murphy DD (1994) Ecological monitoring: a vital need for integrated conservation
and development programs in the tropics. Conservation Biology 8(2): 388-397
47
implemented during the subsequent 2 years. For Regions II and III, the Centers
may begin to cull from the synthesis of the inputs to the state-of-knowledge
workshops. Initially, CSU-Aparri has proposed specific studies and their RDE
partners under the general themes provided by MERF-UPMSI (see Section 3.1.1,
this Report). The Centers are currently drafting their capsule proposals as a
program (as of this Report), guided by the R&D priorities for Luzon that have been
put together by DENR in a workshop with academic and research institutions last
January 2010. On receipt of the proposals, MERF-UPMSI shall convene the core
groups this June 2010 to assist them in packaging the concept papers into full-blown
proposals and, as necessary, also in integrating the concepts as a program. Once
packaging is completed, the Centers shall submit these proposals to the ICRMP
Project Management Office (PMO) to complete the evaluation and approval process.
The core group and other staff of the Centers are to receive technical assistance
and guidance from MERF-UPMSI, particularly in developing their competence and
skills for RDE. They may also be engaged by MERF-UPMSI in the various projects
being implemented in the marine corridors. As there is an effort to harmonize
training among the different components of ICRMP, there is also the possibility of
being included in trainings to be conducted by PAWB and BFAR. Competence and
skills for RDE shall not be limited to those required in the field; practical training on
data analyses tools and technical writing (reports, publications) are included.
4.3. IEC
As focal points for undertaking IEC campaigns, the Centers shall launch campaigns
in print, radio, and electronic media to generate public awareness on coastal and
marine environmental issues specific for the BMC and the ZC. The campaigns
ought to also generate support to interventions meant to address the issues. Thus,
the Centers shall utilize scientific results of various studies, including those from their
marine corridor-targeted research. They shall also feedback to the public the impact
of interventions. The Centers’ campaigns shall be directed to academic units
(teachers and student representatives from all levels) and officials of LGUs along the
BMC and the ZC, as they may echo the learnings to the wider public. The Centers
shall also organize a collection of IEC materials relevant to their marine corridor.
4.4. Networking and collaborative undertaking
The Centers essentially encourage networking and collaboration when they facilitate
the convergence of individuals and institutions that are active on CRM in the region.
They shall discuss, plan, implement, and/or complement the CRM and biodiversity
conservation interventions needed in the BMC and the ZC. MERF-UPMSI has been
promoting the concept of the RING (Regional ICRM Network Group) to forge
collaboration among and eventually mobilize stakeholders in the BMC and the ZC,
mainly to help accelerate, hence, achieve sooner, the country’s biodiversity
conservation targets. The RINGs are, thus, to be potential venues for sharing,
48
planning together, and forging agreements for common visions. Since adaptive
management strategy is a mechanism to evolve management plans and
perspectives, the RINGs shall help bring players of ICRM in the regions to synergize
their efforts not only in aggregation but also in sharing resources, such as technical
expertise, manpower, and other necessary implements. The outreach programs of
the HEIs, for example, may be tapped to upgrade the technical capability of the
community. The RING members may also participate, i.e., design and undertake,
IEC campaigns.
5. Funding and financial sustainability
Initially and during Project life, i.e., until December 2012, the Centers were made to
understand that funding for their functions were to be primarily borne by ICRMP,
secondarily through the University as their counterpart (Center space, personnel). The
Centers were also informed that they are eligible to take advantage of budget for research
studies in the Project. Post-ICRMP,
funds to continue the Centers’
RICs’ Operational Framework Plan
functions may be sourced out from
DOST, CHED, DA, DENR, and various
ICRMP budget for RICs
international organizations/ foundations
Funding
Budget under research/ studies (30)
(e.g., ADB, UNEP, UNDP, USAID,
Internal budget (counterpart)
David and Lucille Packard Foundation
External sources – DOST, CHED,
Inc.) subject to submissions of sound
DA, DENR, USAID, etc.
proposals with attainable objectives. At
Training courses (for a fee?)
some point, training courses may be
offered to the public for a fee. These
ideas have been floated by MERFUPMSI during the update/progress
Figure 18 Sources of funds to support the functions of the
RICs – initially from ICRMP (first 2 bullets) and some
meeting with assisting academic
counterpart allocation, and then possibly from external
institutions on 23 February 2010 at
sources and organized training. Source: slide from the
FASPO (Fig. 18).
presentation
Progress on the Establishment of RICs in Regions II and III, 23 February 2010
6. Schemes for the M&E of the RICs
A performance standard and system was proposed to be formulated with the RIC and the
Project Steering Committee (PSC) so as to allow gauging the day-to-day performance and
the achievement of particular milestone outputs and overall RIC targets. A set of indicators
shall be agreed upon with the RIC, and such is seen to also facilitate the development of
cooperative arrangements for the RING.
In the subsequent strategic planning workshop, the Centers shall list specific outputs that
they are targeting to achieve within at least 1 year. For example, the capacity-building
targets in relation to the RDE objectives will be identified and then the process will be
49
clarified and agreed upon. For capacity-building, the initial targets would be the
establishment of an RIC coordinating system, with a recognized structure, defined roles and
responsibilities, and incentives. Targets and milestones have been proposed in the
Inception Report; these shall be presented and discussed with the Centers.
The RDE program to be funded by the Project shall have its own review process and to be
led by DENR-ERDB, as agreed during the Convergence Workshop held in Antipolo, Rizal
on 25 March 2010.
An organizational development (OD) consultant may be engaged to provide integrative
advice on the systems and procedures appropriate for achieving the objectives of the RICs,
their functions, and development strategies and tactics. The consultant shall provide advice
on the framework and an overall review of the OD concerns and findings on synergies with
the ICRMP as a whole.
50

docuRep task4 final 21may - Department of Environment and

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