Brian Batell University of Chicago 8th Patras Workshop July 18

Portals and the Hidden Sector
with Neutrino Experiments
Brian Batell
University of Chicago
8th Patras Workshop
July 18 - 22, 2012
Chicago
Plan
• Motivation for a hidden sector
• Communicating with portals
• Basic experimental setup; Rate estimates
• Current limits/sensitivities:
•
Dark photons, axions, dark higgs, dark matter ...
• Outlook: prospects for Project X
Where are the new particles?
Coupling to SM
1
ν
e
EWSB, Hierarchy
π, ρ, p
t
W, Z
µ
?
Energy
Frontier
-2
10
Intensity Frontier
10 -4
?
10 -6
10-8
10-10 -10
10
Hidden Sector
10
-7
-4
10
-1
10
10 2
Mass of particle (GeV)
105
Dark Matter
A Light Hidden Sector?
•
Light SM gauge singlet matter and new forces weakly
coupled to ordinary matter largely unconstrained
•
•
•
Singlets exist in SM:
•
Predicted in many BSM & top-down scenarios
•
Discover new principles in unexpected places!
L, eR , dR , uR , H, N
Many possibilities for very weak interactions
Could address various experimental &
observational anomalies
Hidden particles
Portal
• Dark photons
• Dark scalars
• Sterile Neutrinos
• PNGBs
• Dark Matter
κ
µν
− Bµν V
2
2
†
(µS + λS )H H
LHN
∂µ a µ 5
ψ̄γ γ ψ
fa
1
χ̄χq̄q
+
.
.
.
,
Λ2
gχ φχ̄χ + gq φq̄q + . . .
Proton Beam - Target Setup
Target
p
Beam Stop,
Dirt
Y
10m -100km
Detector
e
+
e
−
Event rate estimates:
Nevents = Nprod × Pdet
Production:
1) Direct production: Nprod = σ(pA → Y X) × (NPOT nT LT )
2) Decay of hadron: Nprod = NH × Br(H → Y + X)
Detection (via decay to visible matter (e.g. leptons) :
Pdet ∼ γ
2 dΩlab
4π
�
�
d
exp −
γvτ
�
�
d + Rd
− exp −
γvτ
��
Experiments
Experiment
NPOT
Energy
d
CHARM
1018
400 GeV
480 m
LSND
1023
800 MeV
30 m
MiniBooNE
1021
9 GeV
540 m
NuMI/MINOS
1020
120 GeV
1 km
Essig, Harnik, Kaplan, Toro
Dark Photons
A' Decay Length cΤ
!2
10
0.1
1 !2
10
10!3
10!3
10!4
10!4
10!5
10!5
10!6
10!6
10!7
10!7
Ε
V
f
10!2
Prompt !$10 Μm"
Displaced !$1 cm"
!8 Displaced !&1 cm"
10
Invisible !&100 cm"
Invisible !&100 m"
f¯
10!9
cτ ∼ 100m ×
�
−7
10
κ
�2 �
10!2
10!8
mA' !GeV"
100 MeV
mV
0.1
�
10!9
1
Dark Photons
BB, Pospelov, Ritz
!"
#
!"
*
Production via
!"
)
0
N !"
(
!"
'
!"
&
!"
%
LSND
p+A→π +X
followed by
0
+ −
π → γV → γe e
!"
N
#
!"
$
!"
!" +,-
!
!
Dark Photons
Essig, Harnik, Kaplan, Toro
!2
10
LSND
!3
10
0.1
ae
E774
1
$!3S"
aΜ
!4
Production via
10
0
10
E141
!5
Ε
p+A→π +X
followed by
0
0.01
E137
!6
10
!7
10
+ −
π → γV → γe e
!8
10
SN
!9
10
0.01
0.1
mA' !GeV"
1
10
!2
10
!3
10
!4
10
!5
10
!6
10
!7
10
!8
10
!9
Dark Higgs
BB, Pospelov, Ritz
cW K¶
f¯
<1m
1m- 103m
PK¶ *H9
h
!
f
103m- 106m
> 106m
P9 *H9
!
"2
! ! " ! 2 "−2 #
$
−1
κ
mh !
mV
α
cτh! ∼ 100 m ×
α
10−5
GeV
2mf
Dark Higgs
BB, Pospelov, Ritz
π0 → γV h�
MiniBooNE: ρ, ω → V h
α� = α
�
NuMi/MINOS pA → V h
PK¶ *H9
LSND:
κ ∼ 10−2
�
MINOS(2P)
MB (2P)
MiniBooNE
LSND
followed by
�
+ −
h →� �
P9 *H9
Pseudo-Nambu
Goldstone Bosons
Essig, Harnik, Kaplan, Toro
PNGB Decay Length cΤ
10
8
107
f
F !GeV"
aV
106
f¯
105
cτ ∼ 20m ×
100 MeV
ma
��
Prompt !#10 Μm"
Displaced !#1 cm"
Displaced !%1 cm"
Invisible !%100 cm"
Invisible !%100 m"
0.1
1 8
10
107
106
105
104
104
103
103
102
102
10
10
1
�
10!2
F
104 GeV
�2
!2
10
ma !GeV"
0.1
1
1
PNGBs
Essig, Harnik, Kaplan, Toro
Production via
F !GeV"
CHARM, LSND,
MiniBoone, MINOS
p+A→a+X
followed by
− +
a→� �
9
10
108
107
106
5
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
10
1
!2
0.1
10!2
ma !GeV"
10
0.1
1 9
10
108
107
106
5
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
10
1
1
Dark matter beam
N BB, Pospelov, Ritz
Dark matter produced in
decay of light mediator
π0 , η → γV
V → χ̄χ
Neutral current-like
event:
χe → χe
χN → χN
χe → χe
mχ = 1 MeV
P9 *H9
LSND
Dark matter beam
deNiverville, Pospelov, Ritz
10-1
10
10-1
-2
-2
10
10
10-3
-4
κ
κ
10-3
10-5
10
10-5
χN → χN
mχ = 1 MeV
-6
10-7
-4
10
50
150
250 350
mV (MeV)
π0 , η → γV
V → χ̄χ
450
χN → χN
-6
10
10-7
mχ = 50 MeV
150
250
350
mV (MeV)
450
MiniBooNE
Dark matter beam
deNiverville, McKeen, Ritz
χN → χN
MINOS
pA → V X
V → χ̄χ
Project X: New high-intensity proton source
3 MW at 3 GeV
potential for ∼ 10
23
POT
yr
Closing thoughts
•
Weakly-coupled, light particles are a generic & exciting possibility
for physics beyond the Standard Model
• Can be systematically explored via portals
• Proton Beam-target experiments offer complementary sensitivity
to other probes
• Provide another physics rationale for the experimental program
at the intensity frontier
Question:
What is the best way to utilize/expand existing experimental
infrastructure for a more comprehensive physics program?
Especially in the context of Project X?