Proper Gander Issue 1, Volume 1
Transcription
Proper Gander Issue 1, Volume 1
Issue 1, Volume 1 The Proper Gander The official publication of the PSYOP Regimental Association INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Association President Comments From the PSYOP Regimental Association President Welcome to the inaugural edition of the PSYOP Regimental Association newsletter. I am honored and humbled to be your association president. As an eighteen year veteran of the community, I can assure you it is an exciting time to be associated with PSYOP. It is our goal to provide you the professional association you and your branch deserve. Like all new organizations, we will experience growing pains but with the dedication of our executive council and the help and patience of our members we will get there. PSYOP has come a long way. For those not next to the flagpole, PSYOP is finally getting a command of its own. Now, it also has an association to go with it. I would like to welcome and thank you for joining your association and expressing your vote of confidence in our new organization. I invite your input as we strive to be a value added advocate for your branch, CMF and the PSYOP community at large. For those who are interested, I encourage you to volunteer through one of our secretaries within the association. I would also ask that you encourage your fellow Soldiers to join. Our Association is for all who have served or have been associated with PSYOP. Finally, I would like to thank each and every one of you for your past, present and future service to our community and our country. LTC (Ret) Fran Landy, Hon COL of Regiment Comments KU Interagency Studies Program Prior Service Accessions Program PSYOP Forces Ratio Rule of Thumb Book Review: Revolution 2.0 Regimental Induction Ceremony MISOC 1st Formation POQC Graduation Defense Support of Civil Authorities PSYOPRA.COM PRA President From the Honorary Colonel of the Regiment I am grateful to those at Fort Bragg who created the new PSYOP Regimental Association (PRA). Their design from the beginning has been to build an organization that welcomes all PSYOP professionals, past and present, who have practiced the art or supported the work of psychological operations. As an inclusive organization it seeks to provide a place where we can enjoy a sense of fraternity and comradeship in support of the founding organization of the modern Special Operations community, while establishing a platform for the presentation and discussion of the major issues facing PSYOP practitioners today and into the future. The PSYOP Regimental Association also provides for the creation of PRA Chapters throughout the United States and abroad with an eye on placing a strong chapter in Washington, D.C., in order to create a venue for PSYOP promotion in the capital. Persons interested in standing up a chapter should follow the requirements in the By-Laws and endeavor to include all PSYOPers and friends of the Regiment regardless of branch of service or nation of service. The success of the PRA will depend upon our dedication to making the Association responsible to the needs of all PSYOP professionals. Again, thank you to all who did the heavy lifting to create the PRA, and welcome to the Association. COL (Ret) Jack C. Guy Hon COL of the RGT EXECUTIVE COUNCIL: Fran Landy, President Rob Dexter, Executive at Large Andy Nilson, Vice President, Marketing Josh Stiltner, Vice President, Operations Greg Foxx, Treasurer Doug Elwell, Secretary Monique Guerrero, Assistant Secretary Charlie Moore, Assistant Secretary Devon Cockrell, Assistant Secretary 1 Page 2 The KU Interagency Studies Program & PSYOP Officer Development The federal government response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks and Hurricane Katrina combined with support and stability operations waged throughout the world in the greater war on terror have required extensive coordination between the military and other U.S. agencies. This has been especially relevant in counterinsurgency and reconstruction efforts which test the U.S. Government’s ability to coordinate civil-military operations. The U.S. Army produced a counterinsurgency field manual, FM 3-24, which explicitly states that the integration of civilian and military efforts is crucial; however, many Iraq and Afghanistan veterans from across the government are outspoken against what they perceive to be ineffective coordination between government agencies. Successful prevention of and response to homeland security threats demands coordination and collaboration between federal agencies. For example, Pakistani-American Faisal Shahzad’s failed attempt at detonating a car bomb in New York’s Times Square required the Federal Bureau of Investigations (Department of Justice), DoD, and Department of State (DoS) officials to describe and better understand the potential of other terrorist threats to the U.S. originating in Pakistan. Similarly, relief efforts in Haiti included DoD personnel in the form of a U.S. Army peacekeeping force with U.S. Navy disaster relief, while DoS took the lead in Haitian relief efforts and managed the flow of travel (both American and Haitian) in and out of Haiti. In the DoD, Special Operations Forces (SOF) are working to achieve effective communication and coordination between civilian and military organizations. Psychological Operations (PSYOP) practitioners provide SOF the capability to create attitudes and behavior in foreign audiences that are conducive to U.S. Government objectives, and U.S. Army PSYOP is the only DoD organization with the 2 mission to influence foreign audiences. The University of Kansas Interagency Studies Program (ISP) enables PSYOP officers to better execute persuasive communications missions coordinated with non-traditional military partners, such as DoS, by providing PSYOP officers with formal, objective tools: a graduate education in interagency operations for mid-level, career Department of Defense (DoD) professionals (military and civilian). PSYOP personnel generally understand the necessity of interagency operations in achieving mission success, but they are sometimes equipped with the idea that informal relationships are crucial, and often all that is required, to conduct business that would otherwise require more formal, bureaucratic, systems. This is good advice, but this perspective has no doubt contributed to unsuccessful interagency cooperation. Personnel, who fail to develop informal relationships across agencies, are left with few options and limited understanding to accomplish interagency tasks. The ISP is filling this void, providing PSYOP officers the tools needed to negotiate interagency operations in national and international venues. Three broad concepts stressed throughout the program are particularly helpful for the professional PSYOP officer: an understanding of culture in the interagency environment, a historical understanding of the interagency process, and an ability to explain interagency relationships through political philosophy. The concept of culture in relation to organizations and organizational change should be understood by the student of interagency operations. ISP students quickly realize that the complexity of the U.S. Government leads to the cultural challenges of internal integration as defined by Edgar Schein in Organizational Culture and Leadership. Internal integration issues require (Continued, next page) (Continued, from page 2) well defined group boundaries and properly distributed power and status; this fact is commonly referred to by civil servants who reference different agencies and projects as “rice bowls.” The Edmund Burke quote, “Those who don’t know history are destined to repeat it,” is well known, yet history is largely ignored in interagency operations. DoD, DoS, and USAID personnel are often just vaguely familiar with past civil-military operations, such as the Philippines in the early twentieth century and the Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS) mission in Vietnam; very few know, understand, or even care about how past civil-military operations were administered. Only through a deep understanding of the conduct of past exercises can lessons be learned for contemporary and future civil-military operations. Although it seems obvious that past experiences should be studied in context to obtain lessons for the conduct of today’s operations (organizations, of course, do exist to capture such lessons learned internally in most agencies and the Government Accountability Office monitors and documents information from all agencies), studies that do exist are not designed to examine inter- agency operations. ISP students are afforded the opportunity to study these events indepth as case studies in interagency operations. Page 3 Many ISP students have been quick to question the practicality of political philosophy, but the study of political philosophy reveals its utility in the conduct of interagency operations. Political philosophy, for the purposes of interagency studies, provides a thorough analysis of the origins and propositions of power and conflict, as a central component of international relations theory. From an understanding of the concept of culture in relation to organizations and organizational change to the ability to objectively analyze interagency operations in a historical context for practical benefit, the ISP is providing students with invaluable tools. The great works of western thought that students are introduced to attest to the traditional academic rigor of the program, while again providing students the academic basis to think critically and analyze their current and future organizations with likely an altered and enlightened perspective. By MAJ Greg Foxx Prior Service Accessions (PSA) Program The PSYOP Branch Proponent has established procedures for evaluating and processing PSYOP qualified NCOs onto active duty within ARSOF. The PSA program is open to all Psychological Operations CMF 37 qualified individuals who previously served in the active or reserve component, or are currently serving the in the reserve component, and desire active service in the Psychological Operations Regiment. This program allows Reserve, or former PSYOP qualified Soldiers to fill a PSYOP position within one of the two active duty Military Information Support Groups. A PSA candidate is an individual who possesses the PSYOP attributes, experience, and leadership skills critical to the SOF. The PSA program affords prior Psychological Operations qualified Soldiers a unique and specialized process to return and serve with the Psychological Operations Regiment. The program provides a fast track to refresh technical and tactical skills and ensure our candidates are proficient and prepared to meet the demands faced by today’s Regiment. Psychological Operations Soldiers remain in high demand and continue to receive Airborne and language pay. The Psychological Operations Regiment is without rival and we look forward to serving alongside you. If you are interested in joining the Regiment, please contact the Psychological Operations Proponency Office at 910-396-4349 or Master Sergeant Roger Solano at 910-396-7216 / [email protected] 3 PSYOP Forces Ratio Rule of Thumb [Even chimps understand what size of force is necessary to achieve their objective.] To perform an attack as an infantry unit, the universal rule of thumb made famous by Lanchester's Square Law is to employ a 3:1 forces advantage over the adversary (Davis, 1995). Napoleon's artillery rule of thumb was to commit 3 guns per 1000 enemy combatants (Field Artillery and Firepower, 1989). Even chimpanzees will not engage an adversary group unless their group outnumbers the opposition by a factor of 1.5 to 1 (Wilson, Britton, Franks, 2002). What is the PYSOP rule of thumb? Our target is not an aggregate of enemy combatants as with infantry, artillery and chimpanzees. Our target is more complex than that. Our target consists of enemy combatants as well as varied sizes of population segments. The purpose of this article is not to attempt to solve the elusive equation, but to spark discussion and academic thought. Our force structure is not predicated on the threat size, population density, market size or any other demographic indicator. Instead, it is determined by the size of the supported unit, or by the desk space available in an embassy. Should a 4-person MIST be responsible for a country with a population of 6 million, while a 2-person MIST is responsible for a country with 25 million? How much of a population can 1 unit of PSYOP manpower reasonably expect to exact behavior change? If answered, it is a question that may produce a change in resourcing and manning and more properly distribute PSYOP resources across the battlefield. In our current era of fiscal constraint, we must exercise the highest level of stewardship. With a mathematically engineered estimate of required PSYOP manpower, the justification for more forces where they are needed becomes harder to refute. By MAJ Andrew Nilson Bailey, J.B.A. Field Artillery and Firepower (1989) Davis, Paul. Aggregation, Disaggregation, and the 3:1 Rule in Ground Combat (1995) Wilson, Britton & Franks. Chimpanzees and the Mathematics of Battle (2002) ARSOF In the Korean War Starting in 2010, Veritas Magazine published a 5part series featuring ARSOF in the Korean War. The 3rd, 4th and 5th issues of the series are particularly excellent works on the beginnings of the PSYWAR Division, the PSYWAR Center (Later known as USAJFKSWCS), and a variety of PSYOP historical articles. Among them: “The Proper Ganders—1st Radio Broadcasting and Leaflet Group” “Rebuilding PSYWAR” “MG Robert A. McClure” “The PSYWAR Center” http://koreanwar.defense.gov/docs/veritas_kw_part3.pdf 4 Book Review: Revolution 2.0 by Wael Ghomim PSYOP Regimental Association Revolution 2.0 is Wael Ghonim's account of his experiences during the Arab Spring Revolution of Egypt in Jan 2011. If you are an unconventional warfighter, you should recognize Ghonim's name as the leader that nearly single-handedly orchestrated an unconventional warfare campaign using the internet as a mobilizing force. His book is a four phase blueprint of how he set about changing not only his native Egypt by overthrowing the government of an unwanted dictator, but also inspired a transnational Arab youth movement to challenge their dictatorial leaders. The following is a summarized outline of how Ghonim organized his campaign filtered through my perspective as a PSYOP Officer. ments. Each phase required an individual to assume a higher degree of risk, yet became acceptable because the individual had graduated from the previous lower level of risk and was ready to accept a moderate increase in risk. Phase one: Convince people to join his Facebook page and become members of his group. This was not an insignificant behavior considering the very real risk of being discovered by the Egyptian Secret Police and being incarcerated, interrogated, tortured or even killed for openly opposing the ruling party. Ghonim was able to first achieve this seemingly minor milestone by tugging at Egyptians' heartstrings. He adopted the Facebook persona of an upper-middle class, educated professional who had been beaten to a gruesome death by the Secret Police for protesting against the ruling party. Ghonim began to post messages as though they were coming from the martyr himself, had he still been alive. This particular martyr story stood out to Ghonim from the dozens of other Secret Police victims because he was nearly identical to the victim in social class, age and political stance. It finally occurred to him that the level of the regime's brutality and corruption could destroy any Egyptian's life. And in fact, after decades, it had already destroyed the will of an entire generation of Egyptians to speak out against the regime. uted content and psychologically positioned themselves to commit to phase four. Phase two: Convince these members to take their activism a step further and "like" his Facebook page and to actually post com- Phase three: Participate in online campaigns and even contribute content (poetry, graphic design for logos and other promotional material, videos, photos, composing and recording songs of the revolution) capitalizing on the talents of the Facebook page members themselves. This not only attracted more members by visually, aurally and emotionally arousing those still stuck in phase two, but solidified the positions of those who actually contrib- Phase four: Mobilize, take action. Until this phase, individuals have accepted the position and the arguments of the campaign and have participated willingly in every way possible short of actually showing their face in public in solidarity with the movement. The increase of risk assumed by the individual is greater in the transition between phase three and phase four than in any other phase transition. Yet, it is made possible because the individual has participated relatively anonymously in the virtual world to this point, building passion for the cause all the while. The transition between phase three and phase four took the longest amount of time. The actual behavioral change was realized when Ghonim linked two related but very different events. After learning of the successes of a similar social media-enabled revolution in Tunisia, Ghonim linked the date of the planned protest in Tahrir Square to the annual date honoring the Police in Egypt. Not only did the protesters rally against the injustices of the Secret Police, but they also celebrated the service of those Police officers who served honorably by resisting the regime's intimidation practices, contrib- (Continued, next page) “He adopted the Facebook persona of an upper-middle class, educated professional who had been beaten to a gruesome death by the Secret Police for protesting against the ruling party.” 5 uting to the legitimacy of the protesters' cause. “It did not happen accidentally, it was created and there was a formula to how it succeeded.” How does this apply to Special Operations Forces? Ghonim brilliantly described how the Egyptian movement manifested. It did not happen accidentally, it was created and there was a formula to how it succeeded. We can learn how a government that no longer has the support of its population is overthrown in the modern, digital age. Social media as a mobilizing force was not unique to Egypt. Ghonim was convinced by the online-activismturned-actual-activism successes in Tunisia. It was the Tunisian successes that sparked the idea to replicate a similar mobilization model in Egypt. And in turn, sparked similar efforts across the Arab world to mobilize citizens and challenge governments. The conditions in both Egypt and Tunisia were ripe for change. All the elements for success existed: public disgust for the ruling class (segmented population), a general disregard of Internet activism and all-around online illiteracy by the regime (a weakened government), a nationwide demographic of young people able to communicate with each other instantly (favorable terrain; i.e. dominance of the internet) and an example of the success achieved by others outside of Egypt. What was missing in Egypt until Jan 2011 was a vision of what success looked like and an agent with the technical and marketing savvy to leverage the connecting mechanism of social media, in other words: leadership. I couldn't help but to draw many comparisons between Ghonim's experience and Orson Welles' classic "1984". Both involve a ruling class that controls thought through the suppression of opposing political ideas. Both involve an individual recognizing the situation and supporting a revolution to overthrow the government. Both involve a protagonist that is captured by the regime security element and incarcerated, interrogated, secluded from the outside world while guards attempt to coerce the individual into adopting the cause of the regime. Fortunately for Ghonim, his story turned out better than Winston Smith's. This book is a fascinating read and sheds light on many nuances of Egyptian and Middle Eastern culture while giving an insider's look at the psyche of an Arab population primed to overthrow a government. By MAJ Andrew Nilson COL Scott Addresses the Regimental Induction Ceremony FORT BRAGG, NC—On Thursday, February 28th, the PSYOP Regiment welcomed its newest members of the Regiment celebrating the culmination of the PSYOP Qualification Courses. A total of 61 PSYOP NCO, Officer, Sister Service and Allied students, to include 11 Reserve PSYOP Officers, were inducted into the PSYOP Regiment at the Holiday Inn in Fayetteville. The 5th Battalion, 1st Special Warfare Training Group (Airborne) , commanded by LTC Brinton Rosenberry, hosted the formal ball. Deputy Commanding General, USAJFKSWCS, a Regimental crest pinning ceremony for the inductees, and a presentation of the Silver and Bronze MG Robert A. McClure Awards to the following individuals: LTC John Pelczarski and Mr. Alfred Lunt (Silver), Mr. Kevin Lyng, MAJ Carla Kiernan, MSG Jonathan Bailey, MSG John Lutz, SFC Dennis Bronzo, SFC James Roscoe, and SFC Adam Vinglas (Bronze). COL Jeffrey Scott, the 7th Psychological Operations Group Commander, provided the guest remarks, offering the newest PSYOP NCOs and Officers advice from his 28 years of service to the Regiment. The ceremony included a tribute to the fallen Soldiers, bagpipe music provided by Doug Elwell, the PSYOP Regimental Piper, comments by COL Jeffrey Scott and BG Ferdinand Irizarry, Photo courtesy of www.psyopregiment.blogspot.com PSYOP Regimental Honors Public Website: http://www.soc.mil/swcs/RegimentalHonors/PsychologicalOperations.htm 6 Distinguished and Honorary Member of the Regiment Honored at POQC FORT BRAGG, NC— On March 1st, the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School hosted the Psychological Operations Qualification Course Graduation Ceremony. Among the 52 graduates were 19 Officers, 26 NCOs (2 USMC), and 7 Allied Officers. The following were recognized as Distinguished Honor Graduates: CPT Christopher Berninger (Reserves), CPT Trisha Wyman (Officers), and SSG Shad Sadlier (NCOs, also was presented the Leadership Award). Honored with the graduates were two long-time members of the PSYOP Regiment. LTC (Ret) Tom Milam was honored as a Distinguished Member of the Regiment and MSG (Ret) Norman Gardner was honored as an Honorary Member of the Regiment LTC (Ret) Tom Milam accepts the DMOR certificate, presented by CDR & CSM, USAJFKSWCS, MG Reeder and CSM Stigall. Photo courtesy of SWCS PAO. PSYOP Regimental Association LTC (Ret) Tom Milam’s noteworthy assignments and accomplishments include service with the 75th Ranger Regiment during the Iran hostage rescue attempt in 1980, service in Haiti and Latin America while assigned to 4th POG, service in SOCCENT, SOCSOUTH, JSOTF-P, and JTFBHonduras. LTC (Ret) Milam currently serves on the principle professional staff at Johns Hopkins University. MSG (Ret) Norm Gardner’s noteworthy assignments and accomplishments include 44 years of federal service; voice intercept operator in Vietnam; strategic interrogator; intelligence analyst for 8th PSYOP BN, 4th PSYOP GRP; Strategic Studies Detachment, 8th PSYOP BN, 4th PSYOP GRP; Chief SSD, 5th PSYOP BN. MSG (Ret) Norm Garner retired in 2011. MSG (Ret) Norm Gardner accepts the HMOR certificate, presented by CDR & CSM, USAJFKSWCS, MG Reeder and CSM Stigall. Photo courtesy of SWCS PAO. NCO Posthumously Awarded Silver MG Robert A. McClure Award FORT BRAGG, NC—Forty graduates of the POQC assembled at the John F. Kennedy Auditorium on March 1st to participate in the ceremonial first formation hosted by the Commander, Military Information Support Operations Command (Airborne) to welcome the newest PSYOP NCOs and Officers into the MISOC (A). The event was highlighted by a ceremony to posthumously present the Silver MG Robert A. McClure Award to the family of SFC Michael Bowers. MSG Jamal H. Bowers, of Newark, N.J. died March 18th, 2012 at Camp Lemonier in Djibouti, Africa in a noncombat incident. MSG Bowers was a well-respected member of the PSYOP community, having served in Iraq Afghanistan and the Horn of Africa. He is survived by his wife, son and three daughters. Photo courtesy of www.militarywallofhonor.org. 7 Bridging the Gap for Federal Reserve to Support Disaster Relief: Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) Civil Authorities Information Support Element (CAISE) training is recommended for MISO personnel assigned within CONUS to prepare them to support disaster relief within US borders. A recent web article posted on www.usar.army.mil by Major General Luis R. Visot, Commanding General for the 377th Theater Sustainment Command based out of Belle Chasse, Louisiana highlighted the challenges faced by Army Reserve elements in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. As emergency responders and National Guard troops rushed to the aid of thousands of citizens trapped in the aftermath of the disaster, Army Reserve soldiers were forbidden by law from assisting in the effort. New guidance contained in the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) seeks to resolve this issue and provide a clear framework for Federal Army Reserve units to participate in disaster relief efforts within U.S. borders. Section 515 of the NDAA amends Chapter 1209 of title 10 in the United States Code authorizes the Secretary of Defense to order Reserve units and personnel to active duty “for a continuous period of not more than 120 days to respond to a Governor’s request” for support in responding to a major disaster or emergency. Currently, U.S. service members are encouraged to complete a series of Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) courses to participate in disaster relief efforts involving U.S. citizens. The program is administered through the Department of Defense by NORTHCOM in coordination with the Office of Homeland Security. To find out more information about the program, visit www.dsca.army.mil or enroll at https:/// www.us.army.mil/suite/page/619898. 8 Course Information: Civil Authorities Information Support Element (CAISE) training is recommended for MISO personnel assigned within CONUS to prepare them to support disaster relief within US borders. This is the basic training that is directed by HQ N-NC and HQ ARNORTH to be completed to work in the NORTHCOM AOR in response to a DSCA event. Within 90-days of assignment, Soldiers should complete the following training modules located at http:// training.fema.gov/IS: FEMA ICS 100, Intro to Incident Command System FEMA ICS 200, ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents FEMA ICS 700, National Incident Management System (NIMS) FEMA ICS 800, National Response Plan (NRP) After 18-months, personnel are required to participate in an Emergency Response Training Exercise to complete qualification. For additional information, please contact: Primary: POC at ARNORTH- Mr Kenneth Denson, ARNORTH G7 DSCA Course Lead, [email protected], 210-221-1735 Alternate: POC at NC - Steve Austin, DAFC, Academic Training Program Specialist & Intro Course Facilitator, HQ NORAD-USNORTHCOM J7/J721, [email protected], 719-474-8319, FAX Ext: (719) 474-8371 By MSG Carolyn Sherratt Upcoming Events Visit our Store 12 APR: USAJFKSWCS Formal Ball Because beer tastes better in a PRA mug. New products are being added periodically, so check back often. 20 APR: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) 02-03 MAY: 4th MISG Lightning Warrior 02 MAY: Regimental Induction Ceremony 03 MAY: POQC Graduation/DMOR Ceremony 17 MAY: PSYOP SLC Graduation 18 MAY: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Harware) 22 MAY: Reserve 37F Course (Ft. Dix) 29 MAY: PSYOP Training Fair 15 JUN: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) 20 JUL: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) 17 AUG: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) 27 AUG: PSYOP SLC Graduation 21 SEP: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) 16 OCT: PSYOP Branch Anniversary (7th) 19 OCT: Monthly PRA Meeting (Huske Hardware) OCTOBER: MISOC Formal Ball Show your support for the PSYOP Regimental Association. Visit our store at (www.zazzle.com/psyopra/products) Contact Us Have a question? Have a comment? Would you like to submit an article? Email us at [email protected]. We will accept submissions to our quarterly publication at any time. Please include a graphic to accompany your submission along with your name and contact information. Social Media OCTOBER: PSYOP Regimental Week [email protected] Find us on Facebook, LinkedIn and Pinterest 06 NOV: Regimental Induction Ceremony 07 NOV: POQC Graduation/DMOR Ceremony 18 NOV: PSYOP RGT Anniversary (15th) PSYOP Regimental Association Charter Members Thomas Allen Michael Aquino Bradley Beardsley Joseph Begley Kevin Behler Benjamin Biver Rachel Bolgiano Frank Borghese Ryan Bortnyk Reginald Bostick Amy Burrows Paul Carillo Michael Ceroli John Chen Kelly Clifton Monica Connolly Katrina Coolman Beau Deacon Robert Dexter Stephanie Dexter Patrick Dillon Doug Elwell Michael Esposito Colin Foote Greg Foxx Christopher Francis Bradley Greaver Monique Guerrero Jack Guy Suzanna Hutin Doug Jordan Ngan Kim Rustie Kim Bruce Leahy Alfred Lunt Michael Lwin Ricky Mandello John Minarik Jim Monroe Charlie Moore Andrew Nilson Patricia Notine Amos Oh Pattric Patterson Christopher Paul Michael Paxton Kevin Petro Salil Puri Frank Razzano Javier Rivera Joseph Rossi Carlos Sanchez Greg Seese Chris Sloan Robert Snow Jeffrey Souter Robert Sterbutzel Eric Swanson Jared Tracy Darrell Weatherford Brad Ward Christopher Wilkerson 9